1
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Li X, Ding H, Feng G, Huang Y. Role of angiotensin converting enzyme in pathogenesis associated with immunity in cardiovascular diseases. Life Sci 2024; 352:122903. [PMID: 38986897 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is not only a critical component in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), but also suggested as an important mediator for immune response and activity, such as immune cell mobilization, metabolism, biogenesis of immunoregulatory molecules, etc. The chronic duration of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been increasingly considered to be triggered by uncontrolled pathologic immune reactions from myeloid cells and lymphocytes. Considering the potential anti-inflammatory effect of the traditional antihypertensive ACE inhibitor (ACEi), we attempt to elucidate whether ACE and its catalytically relevant substances as well as signaling pathways play a role in the immunity-related pathogenesis of common CVD, such as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis and arrythmias. ACEi was also reported to benefit the prognoses of COVID-19-positive patients with CVD, and COVID-19 disease with preexisting CVD or subsequent cardiovascular damage is featured by a significant influx of immune cells and proinflammatory molecules, suggesting that ACE may also participate in COVID-19 induced cardiovascular injury, because COVID-19 disease basically triggers an overactive pathologic immune response. Hopefully, the ACE inhibition and manipulation of those associated bioactive signals could supplement the current medicinal management of various CVD and bring greater benefit to patients' cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huasheng Ding
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaoke Feng
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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2
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Zhang K, Lin S, Luo YS, Cheng Z. Protocol to search for genetic factors related to severe COVID-19 by analyzing publicly available genome-wide association studies. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:103028. [PMID: 39088323 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 casualties vary among different ancestral groups due to a variety of factors. Here, we present a protocol for analyzing publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to search for ancestry-specific genetic factors related to severe COVID-19. We describe steps for downloading and comparing two COVID-19 GWASs, calculating expression quantitative trait loci, and single-cell gene expression analysis. We demonstrate this approach using GWASs from Host Genetics Initiative; however, it is applicable to other databases such as the UK Biobank. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cheng et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Siyu Lin
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yu-Si Luo
- Department of Emergency ICU, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhongshan Cheng
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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3
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Wu Q, Rafatian N, Wagner KT, Blamer J, Smith J, Okhovatian S, Aggarwal P, Wang EY, Banerjee A, Zhao Y, Nash TR, Lu RXZ, Portillo-Esquivel LE, Li CY, Kuzmanov U, Mandla S, Virlee E, Landau S, Lai BF, Gramolini AO, Liu C, Fleischer S, Veres T, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Zhang B, Mossman K, Broeckel U, Radisic M. SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in an angiotensin II-induced heart-on-a-chip disease model and extracellular vesicle screening. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403581121. [PMID: 38968108 PMCID: PMC11253010 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403581121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Adverse cardiac outcomes in COVID-19 patients, particularly those with preexisting cardiac disease, motivate the development of human cell-based organ-on-a-chip models to recapitulate cardiac injury and dysfunction and for screening of cardioprotective therapeutics. Here, we developed a heart-on-a-chip model to study the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in healthy myocardium established from human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes and a cardiac dysfunction model, mimicking aspects of preexisting hypertensive disease induced by angiotensin II (Ang II). We recapitulated cytopathic features of SARS-CoV-2-induced cardiac damage, including progressively impaired contractile function and calcium handling, apoptosis, and sarcomere disarray. SARS-CoV-2 presence in Ang II-treated hearts-on-a-chip decreased contractile force with earlier onset of contractile dysfunction and profoundly enhanced inflammatory cytokines compared to SARS-CoV-2 alone. Toward the development of potential therapeutics, we evaluated the cardioprotective effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human iPSC which alleviated the impairment of contractile force, decreased apoptosis, reduced the disruption of sarcomeric proteins, and enhanced beta-oxidation gene expression. Viral load was not affected by either Ang II or EV treatment. We identified MicroRNAs miR-20a-5p and miR-19a-3p as potential mediators of cardioprotective effects of these EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ONM5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Naimeh Rafatian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Karl T. Wagner
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Jacob Blamer
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI53226
| | - Jacob Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Sargol Okhovatian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ONM5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Praful Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI53226
| | - Erika Yan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Arinjay Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Toronto, ONL8S 4L8, Canada
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKS7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Trevor R. Nash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Rick Xing Ze Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
| | | | - Chen Yu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Uros Kuzmanov
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Serena Mandla
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ONM5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Virlee
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI53226
| | - Shira Landau
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Benjamin Fook Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Anthony O. Gramolini
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A8, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Chuan Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ONM5G 2C4, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Sharon Fleischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
| | - Teodor Veres
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G8, Canada
- Medical Devices Research Center, Life Sciences Division, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QCH4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY10032
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Toronto, ONL8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI53226
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G9, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ONM5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E5, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3E1, Canada
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4
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Loske J, Völler M, Lukassen S, Stahl M, Thürmann L, Seegebarth A, Röhmel J, Wisniewski S, Messingschlager M, Lorenz S, Klages S, Eils R, Lehmann I, Mall MA, Graeber SY, Trump S. Pharmacological Improvement of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Function Rescues Airway Epithelial Homeostasis and Host Defense in Children with Cystic Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:1338-1350. [PMID: 38259174 PMCID: PMC11146576 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202310-1836oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Pharmacological improvement of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) provides unprecedented improvements in lung function and other clinical outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, ETI effects on impaired mucosal homeostasis and host defense at the molecular and cellular levels in the airways of patients with CF remain unknown. Objectives: To investigate effects of ETI on the transcriptome of nasal epithelial and immune cells from children with CF at the single-cell level. Methods: Nasal swabs from 13 children with CF and at least one F508del allele aged 6 to 11 years were collected at baseline and 3 months after initiation of ETI, subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing, and compared with swabs from 12 age-matched healthy children. Measurements and Main Results: Proportions of CFTR-positive cells were decreased in epithelial basal, club, and goblet cells, but not in ionocytes, from children with CF at baseline and were restored by ETI therapy to nearly healthy levels. Single-cell transcriptomics revealed an impaired IFN signaling and reduced expression of major histocompatibility complex classes I and II encoding genes in epithelial cells of children with CF at baseline, which was partially restored by ETI. In addition, ETI therapy markedly reduced the inflammatory phenotype of immune cells, particularly of neutrophils and macrophages. Conclusions: Pharmacological improvement of CFTR function improves innate mucosal immunity and reduces immune cell inflammatory responses in the upper airways of children with CF at the single-cell level, highlighting the potential to restore epithelial homeostasis and host defense in CF airways by early initiation of ETI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Loske
- Center of Digital Health, Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology and
| | - Mirjam Völler
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Lukassen
- Center of Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mirjam Stahl
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Loreen Thürmann
- Center of Digital Health, Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Seegebarth
- Center of Digital Health, Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jobst Röhmel
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wisniewski
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marey Messingschlager
- Center of Digital Health, Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology and
| | - Stephan Lorenz
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Klages
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center of Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
- Health Data Science Unit, BioQuant, Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Center of Digital Health, Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Y. Graeber
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Associated Partner Site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Trump
- Center of Digital Health, Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Guzik TJ, Nosalski R, Maffia P, Drummond GR. Immune and inflammatory mechanisms in hypertension. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:396-416. [PMID: 38172242 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a global health problem, with >1.3 billion individuals with high blood pressure worldwide. In this Review, we present an inflammatory paradigm for hypertension, emphasizing the crucial roles of immune cells, cytokines and chemokines in disease initiation and progression. T cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells and natural killer cells are all implicated in hypertension. Neoantigens, the NLRP3 inflammasome and increased sympathetic outflow, as well as cytokines (including IL-6, IL-7, IL-15, IL-18 and IL-21) and a high-salt environment, can contribute to immune activation in hypertension. The activated immune cells migrate to target organs such as arteries (especially the perivascular fat and adventitia), kidneys, the heart and the brain, where they release effector cytokines that elevate blood pressure and cause vascular remodelling, renal damage, cardiac hypertrophy, cognitive impairment and dementia. IL-17 secreted by CD4+ T helper 17 cells and γδ T cells, and interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor secreted by immunosenescent CD8+ T cells, exert crucial effector roles in hypertension, whereas IL-10 and regulatory T cells are protective. Effector mediators impair nitric oxide bioavailability, leading to endothelial dysfunction and increased vascular contractility. Inflammatory effector mediators also alter renal sodium and water balance and promote renal fibrosis. These mechanisms link hypertension with obesity, autoimmunity, periodontitis and COVID-19. A comprehensive understanding of the immune and inflammatory mechanisms of hypertension is crucial for safely and effectively translating the findings to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J Guzik
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Department of Medicine and Omicron Medical Genomics Laboratory, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland.
- Africa-Europe Cluster of Research Excellence (CoRE) in Non-Communicable Diseases & Multimorbidity, African Research Universities Alliance ARUA & The Guild, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Ryszard Nosalski
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Africa-Europe Cluster of Research Excellence (CoRE) in Non-Communicable Diseases & Multimorbidity, African Research Universities Alliance ARUA & The Guild, Glasgow, UK
- School of Infection & Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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6
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Woodall MNJ, Cujba AM, Worlock KB, Case KM, Masonou T, Yoshida M, Polanski K, Huang N, Lindeboom RGH, Mamanova L, Bolt L, Richardson L, Cakir B, Ellis S, Palor M, Burgoyne T, Pinto A, Moulding D, McHugh TD, Saleh A, Kilich E, Mehta P, O'Callaghan C, Zhou J, Barclay W, De Coppi P, Butler CR, Cortina-Borja M, Vinette H, Roy S, Breuer J, Chambers RC, Heywood WE, Mills K, Hynds RE, Teichmann SA, Meyer KB, Nikolić MZ, Smith CM. Age-specific nasal epithelial responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:1293-1311. [PMID: 38622380 PMCID: PMC11087271 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 rarely progress to respiratory failure. However, the risk of mortality in infected people over 85 years of age remains high. Here we investigate differences in the cellular landscape and function of paediatric (<12 years), adult (30-50 years) and older adult (>70 years) ex vivo cultured nasal epithelial cells in response to infection with SARS-CoV-2. We show that cell tropism of SARS-CoV-2, and expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in nasal epithelial cell subtypes, differ between age groups. While ciliated cells are viral replication centres across all age groups, a distinct goblet inflammatory subtype emerges in infected paediatric cultures and shows high expression of interferon-stimulated genes and incomplete viral replication. In contrast, older adult cultures infected with SARS-CoV-2 show a proportional increase in basaloid-like cells, which facilitate viral spread and are associated with altered epithelial repair pathways. We confirm age-specific induction of these cell types by integrating data from in vivo COVID-19 studies and validate that our in vitro model recapitulates early epithelial responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kaylee B Worlock
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tereza Masonou
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ni Huang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Liam Bolt
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Samuel Ellis
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Machaela Palor
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Thomas Burgoyne
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andreia Pinto
- Royal Brompton Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Dale Moulding
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Timothy D McHugh
- UCL Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aarash Saleh
- Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eliz Kilich
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Puja Mehta
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wendy Barclay
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Colin R Butler
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Heloise Vinette
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Sunando Roy
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Judith Breuer
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Rachel C Chambers
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wendy E Heywood
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mills
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory/Dept Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Marko Z Nikolić
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Claire M Smith
- Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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7
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Jentsch M, Schneider-Lunitz V, Taron U, Braun M, Ishaque N, Wagener H, Conrad C, Twardziok S. Creating cloud platforms for supporting FAIR data management in biomedical research projects. F1000Res 2024; 13:8. [PMID: 38779317 PMCID: PMC11109697 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.140624.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomedical research projects are becoming increasingly complex and require technological solutions that support all phases of the data lifecycle and application of the FAIR principles. At the Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), we have developed and established a flexible and cost-effective approach to building customized cloud platforms for supporting research projects. The approach is based on a microservice architecture and on the management of a portfolio of supported services. On this basis, we created and maintained cloud platforms for several international research projects. In this article, we present our approach and argue that building customized cloud platforms can offer multiple advantages over using multi-project platforms. Our approach is transferable to other research environments and can be easily adapted by other projects and other service providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Jentsch
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Valentin Schneider-Lunitz
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Ulrike Taron
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Martin Braun
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Naveed Ishaque
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Harald Wagener
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Christian Conrad
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Sven Twardziok
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center of Digital Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
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8
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Khaleq MAA. Effect of Enoxaparin on D-dimer levels in hospitalized Corona Virus patients with a comparison of its level in patients with comorbid conditions. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2024; 77:828-833. [PMID: 38865643 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202404131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: The main goal is to assess the levels of comorbid diseases and examine the changes in D-dimer in hospitalized patients before and following SC enoxaparin medication. PATIENTS AND METHODS Material and Methods: At the Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, from October 2022 to May 2023, 86 patients who were hospitalized and had severe to critical COVID-19 infections provided data for a retrospective analysis. RESULTS Results: The medical records of all COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized and whose D-dimer level was greater than 0.5 mg/l and who were given enoxaparin (40 mg subcutaneously) were reviewed with the requisite authorization from the relevant authorities. The D-dimer level was assessed following therapy on the day of admission and day five after commencing enoxaparin. An examination of 86 case records revealed that persons with COVID-19 had significantly decreased D-dimer levels after taking subcutaneous enoxaparin (p-value<0.0001). The comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension) of patients who received the drug were compared. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Enoxaparin and other anticoagulants were utilized to treat the coagulopathy brought on by COVID-19. Low molecular weight heparin enoxaparin has demonstrated positive outcomes in the management of VTE. A decrease in D-dimer level is anticipated when COVID-19 patients are treated with subcutaneous enoxaparin, partly because decreased coagulation results in lower fibrin formation.
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9
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Simón-Fuentes M, Ríos I, Herrero C, Lasala F, Labiod N, Luczkowiak J, Roy-Vallejo E, Fernández de Córdoba-Oñate S, Delgado-Wicke P, Bustos M, Fernández-Ruiz E, Colmenares M, Puig-Kröger A, Delgado R, Vega MA, Corbí ÁL, Domínguez-Soto Á. MAFB shapes human monocyte-derived macrophage response to SARS-CoV-2 and controls severe COVID-19 biomarker expression. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e172862. [PMID: 37917179 PMCID: PMC10807725 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocyte-derived macrophages, the major source of pathogenic macrophages in COVID-19, are oppositely instructed by macrophage CSF (M-CSF) or granulocyte macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), which promote the generation of antiinflammatory/immunosuppressive MAFB+ (M-MØ) or proinflammatory macrophages (GM-MØ), respectively. The transcriptional profile of prevailing macrophage subsets in severe COVID-19 led us to hypothesize that MAFB shapes the transcriptome of pulmonary macrophages driving severe COVID-19 pathogenesis. We have now assessed the role of MAFB in the response of monocyte-derived macrophages to SARS-CoV-2 through genetic and pharmacological approaches, and we demonstrate that MAFB regulated the expression of the genes that define pulmonary pathogenic macrophages in severe COVID-19. Indeed, SARS-CoV-2 potentiated the expression of MAFB and MAFB-regulated genes in M-MØ and GM-MØ, where MAFB upregulated the expression of profibrotic and neutrophil-attracting factors. Thus, MAFB determines the transcriptome and functions of the monocyte-derived macrophage subsets that underlie pulmonary pathogenesis in severe COVID-19 and controls the expression of potentially useful biomarkers for COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Simón-Fuentes
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Ríos
- Immunometabolism and Inflammation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Herrero
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Lasala
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Labiod
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia Roy-Vallejo
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital La Princesa and Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Delgado-Wicke
- Molecular Biology Unit, University Hospital La Princesa and Research Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Bustos
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Seville, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital (HUVR), Seville, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Ruiz
- Molecular Biology Unit, University Hospital La Princesa and Research Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Colmenares
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaya Puig-Kröger
- Immunometabolism and Inflammation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Vega
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel L. Corbí
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Jackson SL, Woodruff RC, Nagavedu K, Fearrington J, Rolka DB, Twentyman E, Carton TW, Puro J, Denson JL, Kappelman MD, Paranjape A, Thacker D, Weiner MG, Goodman AB, Lekiachvili A, Boehmer TK, Block JP. Association Between Hypertension and Diabetes Control and COVID-19 Severity: National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network, United States, March 2020 to February 2022. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030240. [PMID: 37850404 PMCID: PMC10727406 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertension and diabetes are associated with increased COVID-19 severity. The association between level of control of these conditions and COVID-19 severity is less well understood. Methods and Results This retrospective cohort study identified adults with COVID-19, March 2020 to February 2022, in 43 US health systems in the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network. Hypertension control was categorized as blood pressure (BP) <130/80, 130 to 139/80 to 89, 140 to 159/90 to 99, or ≥160/100 mm Hg, and diabetes control as glycated hemoglobin <7%, 7% to <9%, ≥9%. Adjusted, pooled logistic regression assessed associations between hypertension and diabetes control and severe COVID-19 outcomes. Among 1 494 837 adults with COVID-19, 43% had hypertension and 12% had diabetes. Among patients with hypertension, the highest baseline BP was associated with greater odds of hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.23-1.37] for BP ≥160/100 versus BP <130/80), critical care (aOR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.21-1.40]), and mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.17-1.50]) but not mortality (aOR, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.98-1.12]). Among patients with diabetes, the highest glycated hemoglobin was associated with greater odds of hospitalization (aOR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.47-1.76] for glycated hemoglobin ≥9% versus <7%), critical care (aOR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.31-1.54]), mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.02-1.23]), and mortality (aOR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.09-1.27]). Black and Hispanic adults were more likely than White adults to experience severe COVID-19 outcomes, independent of comorbidity score and control of hypertension or diabetes. Conclusions Among 1.5 million patients with COVID-19, higher BP and glycated hemoglobin were associated with more severe COVID-19 outcomes. Findings suggest that adults with poorest control of hypertension or diabetes might benefit from efforts to prevent and initiate early treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L. Jackson
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke PreventionNational Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA
| | - Rebecca C. Woodruff
- Division for Heart Disease and Stroke PreventionNational Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA
| | - Kshema Nagavedu
- Department of Population MedicineHarvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Julia Fearrington
- Department of Population MedicineHarvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Deborah B. Rolka
- Division of Diabetes TranslationNational Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA
| | - Evelyn Twentyman
- Office of the DirectorNational Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA
| | | | | | - Joshua L. Denson
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Environmental MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLA
| | - Michael D. Kappelman
- Department of Pediatrics, UNC School of MedicineThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC
| | | | | | - Mark G. Weiner
- Department of Population Health SciencesWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY
| | - Alyson B. Goodman
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and ObesityNational Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA
| | - Akaki Lekiachvili
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA
| | - Tegan K. Boehmer
- Office of Public Health Data, Surveillance, and TechnologyCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGA
| | - Jason P. Block
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse (CoRAL)Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
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11
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Felkle D, Zięba K, Kaleta K, Czaja J, Zyzdorf A, Sobocińska W, Jarczyński M, Bryniarski K, Nazimek K. Overreactive macrophages in SARS-CoV-2 infection: The effects of ACEI. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110858. [PMID: 37708705 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Among various factors influencing the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, macrophage overactivation is considered the main cause of the cytokine storm that leads to severe complications of COVID-19. Moreover, the increased expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), an obligatory entry receptor of the coronavirus, caused by treatment with ACE inhibitors (ACEI) lowered overall confidence in the safety of these drugs. However, analysis of the course of coronavirus infection in patients treated with ACEI does not support these concerns. Instead, the beneficial effect of ACEI on macrophages has increasingly been emphasized. This includes their anti-inflammatory activation and the consequent reduction in the risk of severe disease and life-threatening complications. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge and understanding of the dual role of macrophages in SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a special focus on the postulated mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of macrophage targeting by ACEI. These seem to involve the stimulation of macrophage angiotensin II type 2 and Mas receptors by angiotensin 1-7, intensively produced due to the up-regulation of ACE2 expression on macrophages, as well as the direct inhibition of macrophage hyper-responsiveness by ACEI. The impact of ACEI on macrophages may also lead to the activation of an effective antiviral response due to the increased expression of ACE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Felkle
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zięba
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Konrad Kaleta
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Julia Czaja
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Amanda Zyzdorf
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Sobocińska
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jarczyński
- Students' Scientific Group at the Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bryniarski
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nazimek
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland.
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12
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Kuijpers Y, Picavet HSJ, de Rond L, de Zeeuw-Brouwer ML, Rutkens R, Gijsbers E, Slits I, Engelfriet P, Buisman AM, Verschuren WMM. Potential determinants of antibody responses after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in older persons: the Doetinchem Cohort Study. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:57. [PMID: 37880758 PMCID: PMC10599057 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune responses to vaccination vary widely between individuals. The aim of this study was to identify health-related variables potentially underlying the antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in older persons. We recruited participants in the long-running Doetinchem Cohort Study (DCS) who underwent vaccination as part of the national COVID-19 program, and measured antibody concentrations to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (S1) and Nucleoprotein (N) at baseline (T0), and a month after both the first vaccination (T1), and the second vaccination (T2). Associations between the antibody concentrations and demographic variables, including age, sex, socio-economic status (SES), comorbidities (cardiovascular diseases and immune mediated diseases), various health parameters (cardiometabolic markers, inflammation markers, kidney- and lung function) and a composite measure of frailty ('frailty index', ranging from 0 to 1) were tested using multivariate models. RESULTS We included 1457 persons aged 50 to 92 years old. Of these persons 1257 were infection naïve after their primary vaccination series. The majority (N = 954) of these individuals were vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer) and their data were used for further analysis. A higher frailty index was associated with lower anti-S1 antibody responses at T1 and T2 for both men (RT1 = -0.095, PT1 = 0.05; RT2 = -0.11, PT2 = 0.02) and women (RT1 = -0.24, PT1 < 0.01; RT2 = -0.15, PT2 < 0.01). After correcting for age and sex the frailty index was also associated with the relative increase in anti-S1 IgG concentrations between the two vaccinations (β = 1.6, P < 0.01). Within the construct of frailty, history of a cardiac catheterization, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, a cognitive speed in the lowest decile of the population distribution, and impaired lung function were associated with lower antibody responses after both vaccinations. CONCLUSIONS Components of frailty play a key role in the primary vaccination response to the BNT162b2 vaccine within an ageing population. Older persons with various comorbidities have a lowered immune response after their first vaccination, and while frail and sick older persons see a stronger increase after their second vaccination compared to healthy people, they still have a lower antibody response after their second vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Kuijpers
- Centre for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands.
| | - H Susan J Picavet
- Centre for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Lia de Rond
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Mary-Lène de Zeeuw-Brouwer
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Ryanne Rutkens
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Gijsbers
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Slits
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Engelfriet
- Centre for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie Buisman
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Centre for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, The Netherlands
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 TC, The Netherlands
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13
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Khurshid H, Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S. Overview of microbes in hypertension. World J Hypertens 2023; 11:12-19. [DOI: 10.5494/wjh.v11.i2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP), known as hypertension, is a major contributing factor to the development of cardiovascular disease. The development and pathogenesis of hypertension involve a wide array of factors including genetics, environment, hormones, hemodynamics, and inflammation. There is a significantly positive association between higher levels of colonization by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola (etiologic bacterial burden) below the gum line, and the presence of hypertension. The use of antibiotics during pregnancy, which is likely indicative of bacterial infections severe enough to require antibiotic treatment, is associated with a slight increase in average arterial BP. Cytomegalovirus infection is a risk factor for heightened arterial BP and acts as a co-factor in the development of aortic atherosclerosis. The relationship between hypertension and coronavirus disease 2019 involves endothelial dysfunction and dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system. The effects of gut microbiota on BP, whether beneficial or harmful, are influenced by multiple factors including genetics, epigenetics, lifestyle choices, and antibiotic usage. These variables collectively contribute to overall BP levels and the control of hypertension. Several reports have examined the BP levels of patients infected with the Zika virus. In regions with a high incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hypertension has been linked to a higher risk of Epstein-Barr virus reactivation. Also, a potential causal link has been found between malaria and elevated BP. Also, the elevated prevalence of hypertension among dengue patients during their initial visit suggests that relying solely on BP measurements to predict severe infection may not be clinically reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Khurshid
- Department of Zoology (Molecular and Microbiology), Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Saira Rafaqat
- Department of Zoology (Molecular Physiology), Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sana Rafaqat
- Department of Biotechnology (Human Genetics), Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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14
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Cheng Z, Cai Y, Zhang K, Zhang J, Gui H, Luo YS, Zhou J, DeVeale B. MAP3K19 regulatory variation in populations with African ancestry may increase COVID-19 severity. iScience 2023; 26:107555. [PMID: 37649700 PMCID: PMC10462844 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify ancestry-linked genetic risk variants associated with COVID-19 hospitalization, we performed an integrative analysis of two genome-wide association studies and resolved four single nucleotide polymorphisms more frequent in COVID-19-hospitalized patients with non-European ancestry. Among them, the COVID-19 risk SNP rs16831827 shows the largest difference in minor allele frequency (MAF) between populations with African and European ancestry and also shows higher MAF in hospitalized COVID-19 patients among cohorts of mixed ancestry (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10-1.30) and entirely African ancestry (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.02-1.67). rs16831827 is an expression quantitative trait locus of MAP3K19. MAP3K19 expression is induced during ciliogenesis and most abundant in ciliated tissues including lungs. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed that MAP3K19 is highly expressed in multiple ciliated cell types. As rs16831827∗T is associated with reduced MAP3K19 expression, it may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 by reducing MAP3K19 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshan Cheng
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yi Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, China
| | - Hongsheng Gui
- Behavioral Health Services and Psychiatry Research, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Yu-Si Luo
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Brian DeVeale
- The Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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15
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Rostamzadeh F, Najafipour H, Nakhaei S, Yazdani R, Langari AA. Low Ang-(1-7) and high des-Arg9 bradykinin serum levels are correlated with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with COVID-19. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230741. [PMID: 37415613 PMCID: PMC10320568 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is predictable that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and kinin-kallikrein systems are dysregulated in COVID-19 (COV) patients because SARS-CoV-2 requires ACE2 to cause an infection. This study aimed to assess the serum levels of des-arg(9)-bradykinin (DABK) and angiotensin 1-7 (ang-(1-7)) in patients with COV who had the above-mentioned cardiovascular disease risk factors. In a cross-sectional study, 69 COV patients were selected among patients referred to the main referral center for these patients, in Kerman, Iran, and 73 matched control (non-COV) individuals among individuals who participated in the KERCARD cohort study. Serum levels of DABK and ang-(1-7) were measured by ELISA in the groups of CTL (healthy), HTN, DM, OB, COV, COV + HTN, COV + DM, and COV + OB. Ang-(1-7) levels were lower in the COV + HTN group compared to the HTN group. DABK levels were higher in the COV, HTN, and OB groups and in DM + COV subjects compared to their corresponding control group. The levels of ang-(1-7) and DABK were related to HTN and OB, respectively. According to the findings, we can infer that an increase in DABK production in those with the cardiovascular disease risk factors of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension or a decrease in ang-(1-7) in those with hypertension may contribute to the adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Rostamzadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Najafipour
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samira Nakhaei
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Rostam Yazdani
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Alinaghi Langari
- Gastroenterology, and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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16
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König S, Vollenberg R, Tepasse PR. The Renin-Angiotensin System in COVID-19: Can Long COVID Be Predicted? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1462. [PMID: 37511837 PMCID: PMC10381802 DOI: 10.3390/life13071462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Co-morbidities such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease are major risk factors for severe COVID-19. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is critically involved in their pathophysiology and is counter-balanced by both angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the functional receptor of SARS-CoV-2, and the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS). Considerable research interest with respect to COVID-19 treatment is currently being directed towards the components of these systems. In earlier studies, we noticed significantly reduced carboxypeptidase N (CPN, KKS member) activity and excessive angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, RAS member) activity in the sera of both hospitalized COVID-19 patients and a subgroup of convalescent patients. The data had been obtained using labeled bradykinin (BK) as a reporter peptide, which is a target of both CPN and ACE. The data were supplemented with mass-spectrometry-based serum proteomic analysis. Here, we hypothesize that the degree of BK serum degradation could be indicative of Long COVID. (2) Review and Discussion: The recent literature is briefly reviewed. The fact that the levels of the BK serum degradation products did not reach normal concentrations in almost half of the patients during convalescences could have been partially due to a dysregulated RAS. (3) Conclusions: Standard tests for routine patient care in Long COVID come often back normal. We suggest that the measurement of selected members of the RAS such as ACE and angiotensin II or the use of our BK degradation assay could identify Long COVID candidates. Clinical studies are required to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone König
- IZKF Core Unit Proteomics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Richard Vollenberg
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Phil-Robin Tepasse
- Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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17
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Zhou H, Xu M, Hu P, Li Y, Ren C, Li M, Pan Y, Wang S, Liu X. Identifying hub genes and common biological pathways between COVID-19 and benign prostatic hyperplasia by machine learning algorithms. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1172724. [PMID: 37426635 PMCID: PMC10328422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19, a serious respiratory disease that has the potential to affect numerous organs, is a serious threat to the health of people around the world. The objective of this article is to investigate the potential biological targets and mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 affects benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and related symptoms. Methods We downloaded the COVID-19 datasets (GSE157103 and GSE166253) and the BPH datasets (GSE7307 and GSE132714) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In GSE157103 and GSE7307, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found using the "Limma" package, and the intersection was utilized to obtain common DEGs. Further analyses followed, including those using Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Potential hub genes were screened using three machine learning methods, and they were later verified using GSE132714 and GSE166253. The CIBERSORT analysis and the identification of transcription factors, miRNAs, and drugs as candidates were among the subsequent analyses. Results We identified 97 common DEGs from GSE157103 and GSE7307. According to the GO and KEGG analyses, the primary gene enrichment pathways were immune-related pathways. Machine learning methods were used to identify five hub genes (BIRC5, DNAJC4, DTL, LILRB2, and NDC80). They had good diagnostic properties in the training sets and were validated in the validation sets. According to CIBERSORT analysis, hub genes were closely related to CD4 memory activated of T cells, T cells regulatory and NK cells activated. The top 10 drug candidates (lucanthone, phytoestrogens, etoposide, dasatinib, piroxicam, pyrvinium, rapamycin, niclosamide, genistein, and testosterone) will also be evaluated by the P value, which is expected to be helpful for the treatment of COVID-19-infected patients with BPH. Conclusion Our findings reveal common signaling pathways, possible biological targets, and promising small molecule drugs for BPH and COVID-19. This is crucial to understand the potential common pathogenic and susceptibility pathways between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingming Xu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuezheng Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Congzhe Ren
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Muwei Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangren Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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18
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Arisido MW, Foco L, Shoemaker R, Melotti R, Delles C, Gögele M, Barolo S, Baron S, Azizi M, Dominiczak AF, Zennaro MC, P Pramstaller P, Poglitsch M, Pattaro C. Cluster analysis of angiotensin biomarkers to identify antihypertensive drug treatment in population studies. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:131. [PMID: 37245005 PMCID: PMC10224304 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-01930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent progress in molecular biology generates an increasing interest in investigating molecular biomarkers as markers of response to treatments. The present work is motivated by a study, where the objective was to explore the potential of the molecular biomarkers of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to identify the undertaken antihypertensive treatments in the general population. Population-based studies offer an opportunity to assess the effectiveness of treatments in real-world scenarios. However, lack of quality documentation, especially when electronic health record linkage is unavailable, leads to inaccurate reporting and classification bias. METHOD We present a machine learning clustering technique to determine the potential of measured RAAS biomarkers for the identification of undertaken treatments in the general population. The biomarkers were simultaneously determined through a novel mass-spectrometry analysis in 800 participants of the Cooperative Health Research In South Tyrol (CHRIS) study with documented antihypertensive treatments. We assessed the agreement, sensitivity and specificity of the resulting clusters against known treatment types. Through the lasso penalized regression, we identified clinical characteristics associated with the biomarkers, accounting for the effects of cluster and treatment classifications. RESULTS We identified three well-separated clusters: cluster 1 (n = 444) preferentially including individuals not receiving RAAS-targeting drugs; cluster 2 (n = 235) identifying angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers (ARB) users (weighted kappa κw = 74%; sensitivity = 73%; specificity = 83%); and cluster 3 (n = 121) well discriminating angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) users (κw = 81%; sensitivity = 55%; specificity = 90%). Individuals in clusters 2 and 3 had higher frequency of diabetes as well as higher fasting glucose and BMI levels. Age, sex and kidney function were strong predictors of the RAAS biomarkers independently of the cluster structure. CONCLUSIONS Unsupervised clustering of angiotensin-based biomarkers is a viable technique to identify individuals on specific antihypertensive treatments, pointing to a potential application of the biomarkers as useful clinical diagnostic tools even outside of a controlled clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeregu Woldeyes Arisido
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Via Volta 21, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
- Health Data Science Center, Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi Montalcini, 1, 20157, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luisa Foco
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Via Volta 21, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Robin Shoemaker
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Roberto Melotti
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Via Volta 21, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian Delles
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health , University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Martin Gögele
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Via Volta 21, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Stefano Barolo
- Hospital of Schlanders/Silandro, Schlanders/Silandro, Italy
| | - Stephanie Baron
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Paris, France
| | - Michel Azizi
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Paris, France
- Hypertension Department and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health , University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Via Volta 21, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Via Volta 21, 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
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19
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Xu H, Lin S, Zhou Z, Li D, Zhang X, Yu M, Zhao R, Wang Y, Qian J, Li X, Li B, Wei C, Chen K, Yoshimura T, Wang JM, Huang J. New genetic and epigenetic insights into the chemokine system: the latest discoveries aiding progression toward precision medicine. Cell Mol Immunol 2023:10.1038/s41423-023-01032-x. [PMID: 37198402 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01032-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past thirty years, the importance of chemokines and their seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) has been increasingly recognized. Chemokine interactions with receptors trigger signaling pathway activity to form a network fundamental to diverse immune processes, including host homeostasis and responses to disease. Genetic and nongenetic regulation of both the expression and structure of chemokines and receptors conveys chemokine functional heterogeneity. Imbalances and defects in the system contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including cancer, immune and inflammatory diseases, and metabolic and neurological disorders, which render the system a focus of studies aiming to discover therapies and important biomarkers. The integrated view of chemokine biology underpinning divergence and plasticity has provided insights into immune dysfunction in disease states, including, among others, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this review, by reporting the latest advances in chemokine biology and results from analyses of a plethora of sequencing-based datasets, we outline recent advances in the understanding of the genetic variations and nongenetic heterogeneity of chemokines and receptors and provide an updated view of their contribution to the pathophysiological network, focusing on chemokine-mediated inflammation and cancer. Clarification of the molecular basis of dynamic chemokine-receptor interactions will help advance the understanding of chemokine biology to achieve precision medicine application in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanli Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shuye Lin
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, 101149, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyun Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Duoduo Li
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiting Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Muhan Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ruoyi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yiheng Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Junru Qian
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bohan Li
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chuhan Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Keqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 ShangyuanCun, Haidian District, 100044, Beijing, P.R. China.
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, 101149, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
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20
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de Souza GHDA, de Oliveira AR, Dos Santos Barbosa M, Rossato L, da Silva Barbosa K, Simionatto S. Multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in patients with COVID-19: An epidemiological and clinical study. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:1184-1192. [PMID: 37271099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data regarding the incidence of secondary multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infection in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Brazil are still ambiguous. Thus, a case-control study was designed to determine factors associated with the acquisition of MDR Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in patients with and without COVID-19 and describe the mortality rates and clinical features associated with unfavorable outcomes. In total, we assessed 280 patients admitted to Brazilian intensive care units from March/2020 to December/2021. During the study, 926 GNB were isolated. Out of those, 504 were MDR-GNB, representing 54.4% of the resistance rate. In addition, out of 871 patients positive for COVID-19, 73 had secondary MDR-GNB infection, which represented 8.38% of documented community-acquired GNB-MDR infections. The factors associated with patients COVID-19-MDR-GNB infections were obesity, heart failure, use of mechanical ventilation, urinary catheter, and previous use of β-lactams. Several factors associated with mortality were identified among patients with COVID-19 infected with MDR-GNB, including the use of a urinary catheter; renal failure; and the origin of bacterial cultures such as tracheal secretion, exposure to carbapenem antibiotics, and polymyxin. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19-MDR-GNB (68.6%) compared to control groups, where COVID-19 was 35.7%, MDR-GNB was 50%, and GNB was 21.4%. Our findings demonstrate that MDR-GNB infection associated with COVID-19 has an expressive impact on increasing the case fatality rate, reinforcing the importance of minimizing the use of invasive devices and prior exposure to antimicrobials to control the bacterial spread in healthcare environments to improve the prognosis among critical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dos Santos Barbosa
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luana Rossato
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Kerly da Silva Barbosa
- Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - HU/UFGD/EBSERH, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone Simionatto
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
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21
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Huang X, Fan W, Sun J, Yang J, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Li P, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Li H, Wang J, Feng L, Zhao J, Chen L, Linbing Q. SARS-CoV-2 induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation but can be ameliorated by ACE inhibitor Captopril. Antiviral Res 2023; 215:105636. [PMID: 37207821 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although the clinical manifestation of COVID-19 is mainly respiratory symptoms, approximately 20% of patients suffer from cardiac complications. COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease have higher severity of myocardial injury and poor outcomes. The underlying mechanism of myocardial injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. Using a non-transgenic mouse model infected with Beta variant (B.1.351), we found that the viral RNA could be detected in lungs and hearts of infected mice. Pathological analysis showed thinner ventricular wall, disorganized and ruptured myocardial fiber, mild inflammatory infiltration, and mild epicardia or interstitial fibrosis in hearts of infected mice. We also found that SARS-CoV-2 could infect cardiomyocytes and produce infectious progeny viruses in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte-like cells (hPSC-CMs). SARS-CoV-2 infection caused apoptosis, reduction of mitochondrial integrity and quantity, and cessation of beating in hPSC-CMs. In order to dissect the mechanism of myocardial injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, we employed transcriptome sequencing of hPSC-CMs at different time points after viral infection. Transcriptome analysis showed robust induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, up-regulation of MHC class I molecules, activation of apoptosis signaling and cell cycle arresting. These may cause aggravate inflammation, immune cell infiltration, and cell death. Furthermore, we found that Captopril (hypotensive drugs targeting ACE) treatment could alleviate SARS-CoV-2 induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes via inactivating TNF signaling pathways, suggesting Captopril may be beneficial for reducing COVID-19 associated cardiomyopathy. These findings preliminarily explain the molecular mechanism of pathological cardiac injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, providing new perspectives for the discovery of antiviral therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Wenxia Fan
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiaqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Pingchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yudi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Heying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Liqiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jincun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510320, China.
| | - Qu Linbing
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Laboratory of Computational Biomedicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
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22
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Stricker S, Ziegahn N, Karsten M, Boeckel T, Stich-Boeckel H, Maske J, Rugo E, Balazs A, Millar Büchner P, Dang-Heine C, Schriever V, Eils R, Lehmann I, Sander LE, Ralser M, Corman VM, Mall MA, Sawitzki B, Roehmel J. RECAST: Study protocol for an observational study for the understanding of the increased REsilience of Children compared to Adults in SARS-CoV-2 infecTion. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065221. [PMID: 37068896 PMCID: PMC10111194 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic remains a threat to public health. Soon after its outbreak, it became apparent that children are less severely affected. Indeed, opposing clinical manifestations between children and adults are observed for other infections. The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak provides the unique opportunity to study the underlying mechanisms. This protocol describes the methods of an observational study that aims to characterise age dependent differences in immune responses to primary respiratory infections using SARS-CoV-2 as a model virus and to assess age differences in clinical outcomes including lung function. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study aims to recruit at least 120 children and 60 adults that are infected with SARS-CoV-2 and collect specimen for a multiomics analysis, including single cell RNA sequencing of nasal epithelial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, mass cytometry of whole blood samples and nasal cells, mass spectrometry-based serum and plasma proteomics, nasal epithelial cultures with functional in vitro analyses, SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing, sequencing of the viral genome and lung function testing. Data obtained from this multiomics approach are correlated with medical history and clinical data. Recruitment started in October 2020 and is ongoing. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (EA2/066/20). All collected specimens are stored in the central biobank of Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and are made available to all participating researchers and on request. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER DRKS00025715, pre-results publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stricker
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Ziegahn
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Karsten
- Karsten, Rugo, Wagner, Paediatric Practice, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Boeckel
- Boeckel, Haverkaemper, Paediatric Practice and Practice for Paediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jakob Maske
- Maske, Pankok, Paediatric Practice, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evelyn Rugo
- Karsten, Rugo, Wagner, Paediatric Practice, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anita Balazs
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pamela Millar Büchner
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chantip Dang-Heine
- Clinical Study Center (CSC), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valentin Schriever
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Leif E Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Victor M Corman
- Institute of Virology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sawitzki
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jobst Roehmel
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Simón-Fuentes M, Herrero C, Acero-Riaguas L, Nieto C, Lasala F, Labiod N, Luczkowiak J, Alonso B, Delgado R, Colmenares M, Corbí ÁL, Domínguez-Soto Á. TLR7 Activation in M-CSF-Dependent Monocyte-Derived Human Macrophages Potentiates Inflammatory Responses and Prompts Neutrophil Recruitment. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:517-530. [PMID: 37040733 PMCID: PMC10315069 DOI: 10.1159/000530249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is an endosomal pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) receptor that senses single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and whose engagement results in the production of type I IFN and pro-inflammatory cytokines upon viral exposure. Recent genetic studies have established that a dysfunctional TLR7-initiated signaling is directly linked to the development of inflammatory responses. We present evidence that TLR7 is preferentially expressed by monocyte-derived macrophages generated in the presence of M-CSF (M-MØ). We now show that TLR7 activation in M-MØ triggers a weak MAPK, NFκB, and STAT1 activation and results in low production of type I IFN. Of note, TLR7 engagement reprograms MAFB+ M-MØ towards a pro-inflammatory transcriptional profile characterized by the expression of neutrophil-attracting chemokines (CXCL1-3, CXCL5, CXCL8), whose expression is dependent on the transcription factors MAFB and AhR. Moreover, TLR7-activated M-MØ display enhanced pro-inflammatory responses and a stronger production of neutrophil-attracting chemokines upon secondary stimulation. As aberrant TLR7 signaling and enhanced pulmonary neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio associate with impaired resolution of virus-induced inflammatory responses, these results suggest that targeting macrophage TLR7 might be a therapeutic strategy for viral infections where monocyte-derived macrophages exhibit a pathogenic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Simón-Fuentes
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Herrero
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Acero-Riaguas
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concha Nieto
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatima Lasala
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Labiod
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bárbara Alonso
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Colmenares
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Kobayashi M, Miyamoto A, Watanabe T, Sawa K, Sato K, Yamada K, Yoshii N, Yamada K, Kawamoto K, Uji M, Shiraishi S, Asai K, Kakeya H, Kawaguchi T. COVID-19 vaccination benefits in preventing severe disease in mild-to-moderate cases: An analysis in the first specialized hospital for COVID-19 in Japan. Respir Investig 2023; 61:230-239. [PMID: 36774816 PMCID: PMC9892338 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, the fourth round of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination is ongoing and is targeted at medical staff and nursing home workers, individuals aged ≥60 years, and those with comorbidities or other high-risk factors, including body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. The incidence of severe COVID-19 decreased markedly after widespread COVID-19 vaccination drives, and our hospital experienced a similar trend. We, therefore, examined the characteristics of our patients to clarify who benefited the most from vaccination. METHODS We retrospectively investigated all patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Osaka City Juso Hospital between March 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022. Using multivariable logistic analysis, we calculated the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for severe disease after vaccination in the whole dataset and in subsets stratified by age, sex, BMI, smoking history, pre-hospitalization location, and comorbidities. RESULTS The analysis included 1041 patients. Multivariable logistic analysis showed that vaccination was associated with a low risk of severe disease, with an aOR of 0.21 (95% confidence interval: 0.12-0.36, p < 0.001). On stratifying the analysis according to background characteristics, lower aORs for severe COVID-19 were found for patients aged ≥60 years and for those with diabetes or hypertension. Notably, patients with BMI >30 kg/m2 and those with BMI ≥18 kg/m2 and ≤30 kg/m2 benefited from vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with diabetes or hypertension and those of age ≥60 years benefited more from vaccination than did their counterparts. We recommend extending the fourth round of vaccinations to individuals with a BMI of 18-30 kg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kenji Sawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kanako Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamada
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kengo Kawamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masato Uji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shiraishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Asai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kakeya
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kawaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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25
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Shams E, Kamalumpundi V, Cheng L, Taiwo A, Shibli-Rahhal A, Dokun AO, Correia ML. Association between RAAS Antagonism and COVID-19-related Mortality in Patients with Overweight/Obesity-related Hypertension: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120:e20220277. [PMID: 37098985 PMCID: PMC10263421 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) increase the expression of ACE2, which is a receptor for entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells. Though evidence suggests that ARB/ACEI are safe among the general population with COVID-19, their safety in patients with overweight/obesity-related hypertension deserves further evaluation. OBJECTIVE We assessed the association between ARB/ACEI use and COVID-19 severity in patients with overweight/obesity-related hypertension. METHODS This study included 439 adult patients with overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) and hypertension, diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinic from March 1 to December 7, 2020. Mortality and severity of COVID-19 were evaluated based on length of stay in hospital, intensive care unit admission, use of supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and vasopressors. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the associations of ARB/ACEI use with mortality and other markers of COVID-19 severity, with a two-sided alpha set at 0.05. RESULTS Exposure to ARB (n = 91) and ACEI (n = 149) before hospitalization was significantly associated with lower mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 0.362, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.149 to 0.880, p = 0.025) and a shorter length of stay (95% CI -0.217 to -0.025, p = 0.015). Additionally, patients using ARB/ACEI showed a non-significant trend toward lower intensive care unit admission (OR = 0.727, 95% CI 0.485 to 1.090, p = 0.123), use of supplemental oxygen (OR = 0.929, 95% CI 0.608 to 1.421, p = 0.734), mechanical ventilation (OR = 0.728, 95% CI 0.457 to 1.161, p = 0.182), and vasopressors (OR = 0.677, 95% CI 0.430 to 1.067, p = 0.093). CONCLUSION Results suggest that hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and overweight/obesity-related hypertension who were prescribed ARB/ACEI before admission to the hospital exhibit lower mortality and less severe COVID-19 than those who were not taking ARB/ACEI. The results also suggest that exposure to ARB/ACEI may protect patients with overweight/obesity-related hypertension from severe COVID-19 and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Shams
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of lowaEUADivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of lowa – EUA
| | - Vijayvardhan Kamalumpundi
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of lowaEUADivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of lowa – EUA
- Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaEUACarver College of Medicine, University of Iowa - EUA
| | - Linhai Cheng
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of lowaEUADivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of lowa – EUA
| | - Adeyinka Taiwo
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of lowaEUADivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of lowa – EUA
- Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaEUACarver College of Medicine, University of Iowa - EUA
| | - Amal Shibli-Rahhal
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of lowaEUADivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of lowa – EUA
- Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaEUACarver College of Medicine, University of Iowa - EUA
| | - Ayotunde O. Dokun
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of lowaEUADivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of lowa – EUA
- Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaEUACarver College of Medicine, University of Iowa - EUA
| | - Marcelo L.G. Correia
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of lowaEUADivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of lowa – EUA
- Carver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaEUACarver College of Medicine, University of Iowa - EUA
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26
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Reyes M, Leff SM, Gentili M, Hacohen N, Blainey PC. Microscale combinatorial stimulation of human myeloid cells reveals inflammatory priming by viral ligands. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade5090. [PMID: 36827376 PMCID: PMC9956118 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade5090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cells sense a wide variety of signals and respond by adopting complex transcriptional states. Most single-cell profiling is carried out today at cellular baseline, blind to cells' potential spectrum of functional responses. Exploring the space of cellular responses experimentally requires access to a large combinatorial perturbation space. Single-cell genomics coupled with multiplexing techniques provide a useful tool for characterizing cell states across several experimental conditions. However, current multiplexing strategies require programmatic handling of many samples in macroscale arrayed formats, precluding their application in large-scale combinatorial analysis. Here, we introduce StimDrop, a method that combines antibody-based cell barcoding with parallel droplet processing to automatically formulate cell population × stimulus combinations in a microfluidic device. We applied StimDrop to profile the effects of 512 sequential stimulation conditions on human dendritic cells. Our results demonstrate that priming with viral ligands potentiates hyperinflammatory responses to a second stimulus, and show transcriptional signatures consistent with this phenomenon in myeloid cells of patients with severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reyes
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samantha M. Leff
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul C. Blainey
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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27
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Fuzo CA, Fraga-Silva TFC, Maruyama SR, Bastos VAF, Rogerio LA, Takamiya NT, da Silva-Neto PV, Pimentel VE, Toro DM, Pérez MM, de Carvalho JCS, Carmona-Garcia I, Oliveira CNS, Degiovani AM, Ostini FM, Constant LF, de Amorim AP, Vilar FC, Feitosa MR, Parra RS, da Rocha JJR, Feres O, Gaspar GG, Viana AL, Fernandes APM, Santos IKFM, Russo EMS, Cardoso CRB, Sorgi CA, Faccioli LH, Bonato VLD, Dias-Baruffi M. The turning point of COVID-19 severity is associated with a unique circulating neutrophil gene signature. Immunology 2023. [PMID: 36740582 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with the host immune response heterogeneity. Despite the advances in COVID-19 research, it is still crucial to seek a panel of molecular markers that enable accurate stratification of COVID-19 patients. Here, we performed a study that combined analysis of blood transcriptome, demographic data, clinical aspects and laboratory findings from 66 participants classified into different degrees of COVID-19 severity and healthy subjects. We identified a perturbation in blood-leukocyte transcriptional profile associated with COVID-19 aggravation, which was mainly related to processes that disfavoured lymphocyte activation and favoured neutrophil activation. This transcriptional profile stratified patients according to COVID-19 severity. Hence, it enabled identification of a turning point in transcriptional dynamics that distinguished disease outcomes and non-hospitalized from hospitalized moderate patients. Central genes of this unique neutrophil signature were S100A9, ANXA3, CEACAM6, VNN1, OLFM4, IL1R2, TCN1 and CD177. Our study indicates the molecular changes that are linked with the differing clinical aspects presented by humans when suffering from COVID-19, which involve neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Fuzo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais F C Fraga-Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra R Maruyama
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Víctor A F Bastos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana A Rogerio
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayore T Takamiya
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro V da Silva-Neto
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Vinícius E Pimentel
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diana M Toro
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Malena M Pérez
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonatan C S de Carvalho
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ingryd Carmona-Garcia
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camilla N S Oliveira
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Augusto M Degiovani
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fátima M Ostini
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia F Constant
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro P de Amorim
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Vilar
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marley R Feitosa
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogerio S Parra
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José J R da Rocha
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Omar Feres
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilberto G Gaspar
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angelina L Viana
- Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P M Fernandes
- Departamento de Enfermagem Geral e Especializada, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel K F M Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisa M S Russo
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina R B Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Sorgi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lúcia H Faccioli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia L D Bonato
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Espiritu AI, Sucaldito MSFP, Ona DID, Apor ADAO, Sy MCC, Anlacan VMM, Jamora RDG. Clinical outcomes in COVID-19 among patients with hypertension in the Philippine CORONA Study. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:62. [PMID: 36732874 PMCID: PMC9894742 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the association between hypertension and clinical outcomes in a cohort of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Thirty-seven (37) hospitals in the Philippines. PATIENTS 10,881 patients admitted for COVID-19 from February to December 2020. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among the 10,881 patients included in the Philippine CORONA Study, 3647 (33.5%) had hypertension. On regression analysis adjusted for confounders (age group, sex, smoking history, diabetes, chronic cardiac disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic respiratory disease, chronic neurologic disease, chronic liver disease, HIV/AIDS, and malignancy), patients with hypertension had significantly greater odds of in-hospital mortality (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.17-1.52), respiratory failure (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.75-2.28), ICU admission (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.90-2.45) and severe/critical disease (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.41-1.75), compared to patients without hypertension. The time-to-event analysis with confounder adjustment also showed that hypertension was significantly associated with shorter time-to-event outcomes of in-hospital mortality (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.26), respiratory failure (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.65-2.10), and ICU admission (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.76-2.23). CONCLUSIONS Our analysis of nationwide data confirmed previous findings that hypertension is an independent risk factor for worse clinical outcomes among patients hospitalized for COVID-19, with increased odds of in-hospital mortality, respiratory failure, ICU admission, and severe/critical COVID-19. More specific studies should be done to elucidate the impact of hypertension characteristics, such as chronicity, severity, drug therapy, and level of control on these clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian I. Espiritu
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Division of Adult Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines ,grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Medicine (Division of Neurology) and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Ma. Sergia Fatima P. Sucaldito
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Deborah Ignacia D. Ona
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Division of Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Almira Doreen Abigail O. Apor
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Division of Adult Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Marie Charmaine C. Sy
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Division of Adult Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Veeda Michelle M. Anlacan
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Division of Adult Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Roland Dominic G. Jamora
- grid.11159.3d0000 0000 9650 2179Division of Adult Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines ,grid.416846.90000 0004 0571 4942Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke’s Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines ,grid.416846.90000 0004 0571 4942Institute for Neurosciences, St. Luke’s Medical Center, Global City, Philippines
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29
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Chen H, Peng J, Wang T, Wen J, Chen S, Huang Y, Zhang Y. Counter-regulatory renin-angiotensin system in hypertension: Review and update in the era of COVID-19 pandemic. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115370. [PMID: 36481346 PMCID: PMC9721294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality and disability, with hypertension being the most prevalent risk factor. Excessive activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) under pathological conditions, leading to vascular remodeling and inflammation, is closely related to cardiovascular dysfunction. The counter-regulatory axis of the RAS consists of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin (1-7), angiotensin (1-9), alamandine, proto-oncogene Mas receptor, angiotensin II type-2 receptor and Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member D. Each of these components has been shown to counteract the effects of the overactivated RAS. In this review, we summarize the latest insights into the complexity and interplay of the counter-regulatory RAS axis in hypertension, highlight the pathophysiological functions of ACE2, a multifunctional molecule linking hypertension and COVID-19, and discuss the function and therapeutic potential of targeting this counter-regulatory RAS axis to prevent and treat hypertension in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyin Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiangyun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China,Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Tengyao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China,Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Jielu Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China,Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Sifan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China,Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Corresponding authors
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China,Corresponding authors
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30
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Zhou L, Liu Z, Zheng Z, Yao D, Zhao Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Aweya JJ. The CCR1 and CCR5 C-C chemokine receptors in Penaeus vannamei are annexed by bacteria to attenuate shrimp survival. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:104561. [PMID: 36183838 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The C-C chemokine receptors (CCRs) family is involved in diverse pathophysiological processes in mammals, such as immune regulation and cancer, but their functions in invertebrates remain enigmatic. Here, two CCR homologs in Penaeus vannamei (designated PvCCR1 and PvCCR5) were characterized and found to share sequence homology with other CCRs and contain the conserved 7TM functional domain. Both PvCCR1 and PvCCR5 were constitutively expressed in healthy shrimp tissues, while their mRNA transcript levels were induced in hepatopancreas and hemocytes by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Streptococcus iniae, and white spot syndrome virus. Notably, shrimp survival increased after knockdown of PvCCR1 and PvCCR5 followed by V. parahaemolyticus infection, indicating that PvCCR1 and PvCCR5 are annexed by the bacteria for their benefit, the absence of which attenuates the effects of the pathogen on shrimp survival. The present data indicate that PvCCR1 and PvCCR5 play key roles in the antimicrobial immune response and therefore vital for shrimp survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhou
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhouyan Liu
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China; Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China; Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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31
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Luo YS, Shen XC, Li W, Wu GF, Yang XM, Guo MY, Chen F, Shen HY, Zhang PP, Gao H, Nie Y, Wu JH, Mou R, Zhang K, Cheng ZS. Genetic screening for hypertension and COVID-19 reveals functional variation of SPEG potentially associated with severe COVID-19 in women. Front Genet 2023; 13:1041470. [PMID: 36685827 PMCID: PMC9846087 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1041470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to more than 6.4 million deaths worldwide. The prevalent comorbidity between hypertension and severe COVID-19 suggests common genetic factors may affect the outcome of both diseases. As both hypertension and severe COVID-19 demonstrate sex-biased prevalence, common genetic factors between the two diseases may display sex-biased differential associations. By evaluating COVID-19 association signals of 172-candidate hypertension single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from more than 1 million European individuals in two sex-stratified severe COVID-19 genome-wide association studies from UK BioBank with European ancestry, we revealed one functional cis expression quantitative trait locus of SPEG (rs12474050) showing sex-biased association with severe COVID-19 in women. The risk allele rs12474050*T associates with higher blood pressure. In our study, we found it is significantly correlated with lower SPEG expression in muscle-skeletal but with higher expression in both brain cerebellum and cerebellar hemisphere. Additionally, nominal significances were detected for the association between rs12474050*T and lower SPEG expression in both heart left ventricle and atrial appendage; among these tissues, the SPEG expression is nominally significantly higher in females than in males. Further analysis revealed SPEG is mainly expressed in cardiomyocytes in heart and is upregulated upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, with significantly higher upregulation of SPEG only observed in female but not in male COVID-19 patients compared to both normal female and male individuals, suggesting upregulation of SPEG is a female-specific protective mechanism against COVID-19 induced heart damage. Taken together, our analyses suggest the involvement of SPEG in both hypertension and severe COVID-19 in women, which provides new insights for sex-biased effect of severe COVID-19 in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Si Luo
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guo-Feng Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Yang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-Yang Guo
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fang Chen
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hu-Yan Shen
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ping-Ping Zhang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Nie
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia-Hong Wu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rong Mou
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogenicity Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Ke Zhang, ; Zhong-Shan Cheng,
| | - Zhong-Shan Cheng
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Ke Zhang, ; Zhong-Shan Cheng,
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32
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Rodriguez-Miguelez P, Heefner A, Carbone S. Recognizing risk factors associated with poor outcomes among patients with COVID-19. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 76:3-11. [PMID: 36693489 PMCID: PMC9862711 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected >610 million people globally, exerting major social, economic, and health impacts. Despite the large number of global casualities and severe symptomatology associated with COVID-19, a large number of individuals remain at elevated risk of infection and severe outcomes related to poor lifestyle behaviors and/or associated comorbidities. Beyond the well-known social distance and masking policies, maintaining an active lifestyle, minimizing the consumption of tobacco products, and maintaining an adequate nutrition status are some of the key factors that, in an affordable and accessible way, have the potential to improve health and minimize COVID-19 impact. In addition, bringing awareness of the higher risks and poor prognosis of COVID-19 when other conditions are present seems to be essential to protect those individuals with the highest risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America.
| | - Allison Heefner
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Salvatore Carbone
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America; VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
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33
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Guo X, Cao J, Cai JP, Wu J, Huang J, Asthana P, Wong SKK, Ye ZW, Gurung S, Zhang Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Ge X, Kwan HY, Lyu A, Chan KM, Wong N, Huang J, Zhou Z, Bian ZX, Yuan S, Wong HLX. Control of SARS-CoV-2 infection by MT1-MMP-mediated shedding of ACE2. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7907. [PMID: 36564389 PMCID: PMC9780620 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. The full-length membrane form of ACE2 (memACE2) undergoes ectodomain shedding to generate a shed soluble form (solACE2) that mediates SARS-CoV-2 entry via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Currently, it is not known how the physiological regulation of ACE2 shedding contributes to the etiology of COVID-19 in vivo. The present study identifies Membrane-type 1 Matrix Metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) as a critical host protease for solACE2-mediated SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to increased activation of MT1-MMP that is colocalized with ACE2 in human lung epithelium. Mechanistically, MT1-MMP directly cleaves memACE2 at M706-S to release solACE218-706 that binds to the SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (S), thus facilitating cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. Human solACE218-706 enables SARS-CoV-2 infection in both non-permissive cells and naturally insusceptible C57BL/6 mice. Inhibition of MT1-MMP activities suppresses solACE2-directed entry of SARS-CoV-2 in human organoids and aged mice. Both solACE2 and circulating MT1-MMP are positively correlated in plasma of aged mice and humans. Our findings provide in vivo evidence demonstrating the contribution of ACE2 shedding to the etiology of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanming Guo
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianli Cao
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jian-Piao Cai
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiangang Huang
- grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pallavi Asthana
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sheung Kin Ken Wong
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zi-Wei Ye
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Susma Gurung
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- grid.470187.dRespiratory Department, Jinhua Guangfu Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Zening Wang
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Xin Ge
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kui Ming Chan
- grid.35030.350000 0004 1792 6846Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nathalie Wong
- grid.415197.f0000 0004 1764 7206Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiandong Huang
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhou
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
- grid.221309.b0000 0004 1764 5980School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Rood JE, Maartens A, Hupalowska A, Teichmann SA, Regev A. Impact of the Human Cell Atlas on medicine. Nat Med 2022; 28:2486-2496. [PMID: 36482102 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell atlases promise to provide a 'missing link' between genes, diseases and therapies. By identifying the specific cell types, states, programs and contexts where disease-implicated genes act, we will understand the mechanisms of disease at the cellular and tissue levels and can use this understanding to develop powerful disease diagnostics; identify promising new drug targets; predict their efficacy, toxicity and resistance mechanisms; and empower new kinds of therapies, from cancer therapies to regenerative medicine. Here, we lay out a vision for the potential of cell atlases to impact the future of medicine, and describe how advances over the past decade have begun to realize this potential in common complex diseases, infectious diseases (including COVID-19), rare diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aidan Maartens
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Aviv Regev
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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35
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Kabia AU, Li P, Jin Z, Tan X, Liu Y, Feng Y, Yu K, Hu M, Jiang D, Cao G. The effects of hypertension on the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the interactions with age and antihypertensive treatment. J Hypertens 2022; 40:2323-2336. [PMID: 35950998 PMCID: PMC9640264 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been reported to be associated with the prognosis of COVID-19, but the findings remain controversial. Here, we conducted a systematic review to summarize the current evidence. METHODS We retrieved all the studies by MEDLINE via PubMed, CENTRAL, and Embase using the MeSH terms until 30 April 2021. A fixed or random effect model was applied to calculate pooled adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Interactive analysis was performed to identify the interaction effect of hypertension and age on in-hospital mortality. RESULTS In total, 86 articles with 18 775 387 COVID-19 patients from 18 countries were included in this study. The pooled analysis showed that the COVID-19 patients with hypertension had increased risks of in-hospital mortality and other adverse outcomes, compared with those without hypertension, with an AOR (95% CI) of 1.36 (1.28-1.45) and 1.32 (1.24-1.41), respectively. The results were mostly repeated in countries with more than three independent studies. Furthermore, the effect of hypertension on in-hospital mortality is more evident in younger and older COVID-19 patients than in 60-69-year-old patients. ACEI/ARBs did not significantly affect the mortality and adverse outcomes of COVID-19 patients, compared with those receiving other antihypertensive treatments. CONCLUSION Hypertension is significantly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and adverse outcomes in COVID-19. The effect of hypertension on in-hospital mortality among consecutive age groups followed a U-shaped curve. ACEI/ARB treatments do not increase in-hospital mortality and other poor outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yilong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Second Military Medical University
| | - Yuqi Feng
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Second Military Medical University
| | - Keyao Yu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Second Military Medical University
| | | | - Dongming Jiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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36
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Geerling E, Hameed M, Weger-Lucarelli J, Pinto AK. Metabolic syndrome and aberrant immune responses to viral infection and vaccination: Insights from small animal models. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1015563. [PMID: 36532060 PMCID: PMC9747772 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1015563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This review outlines the propensity for metabolic syndrome (MetS) to induce elevated disease severity, higher mortality rates post-infection, and poor vaccination outcomes for viral pathogens. MetS is a cluster of conditions including high blood glucose, an increase in circulating low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides, abdominal obesity, and elevated blood pressure which often overlap in their occurrence. MetS diagnoses are on the rise, as reported cases have increased by greater than 35% since 1988, resulting in one-third of United States adults currently diagnosed as MetS patients. In the aftermath of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, a link between MetS and disease severity was established. Since then, numerous studies have been conducted to illuminate the impact of MetS on enhancing virally induced morbidity and dysregulation of the host immune response. These correlative studies have emphasized the need for elucidating the mechanisms by which these alterations occur, and animal studies conducted as early as the 1940s have linked the conditions associated with MetS with enhanced viral disease severity and poor vaccine outcomes. In this review, we provide an overview of the importance of considering overall metabolic health in terms of cholesterolemia, glycemia, triglyceridemia, insulin and other metabolic molecules, along with blood pressure levels and obesity when studying the impact of metabolism-related malignancies on immune function. We highlight the novel insights that small animal models have provided for MetS-associated immune dysfunction following viral infection. Such animal models of aberrant metabolism have paved the way for our current understanding of MetS and its impact on viral disease severity, dysregulated immune responses to viral pathogens, poor vaccination outcomes, and contributions to the emergence of viral variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Geerling
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Muddassar Hameed
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States,Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Department of Biomedical Science and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States,Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Amelia K. Pinto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States,*Correspondence: Amelia K. Pinto,
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Zheng W, Tian E, Liu Z, Zhou C, Yang P, Tian K, Liao W, Li J, Ren C. Small molecule angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:968104. [PMID: 36386190 PMCID: PMC9664202 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.968104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a zinc metalloprotein, is a central component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). It degrades bradykinin and other vasoactive peptides. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors, ACEIs) decrease the formation of angiotensin II and increase the level of bradykinin, thus relaxing blood vessels as well as reducing blood volume, lowering blood pressure and reducing oxygen consumption by the heart, which can be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases. Nevertheless, ACEIs are associated with a range of adverse effects such as renal insufficiency, which limits their use. In recent years, researchers have attempted to reduce the adverse effects of ACEIs by improving the selectivity of ACEIs for structural domains based on conformational relationships, and have developed a series of novel ACEIs. In this review, we have summarized the research advances of ACE inhibitors, focusing on the development sources, design strategies and analysis of structure-activity relationships and the biological activities of ACE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Zheng
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Health Management Center, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Erkang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changhan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Yang
- Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Health Management Center, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Keyue Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Outliers Matter—Correlation between S1 IgG SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and Neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102067. [DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus or infection with SARS-CoV-2 will lead to the development of IgG antibodies against the S1 protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, even despite having high levels of IgG antibodies against the S1 protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, (re-)infection may occur. We thus examined 2994 consecutive blood samples of outpatients from the Berlin-Brandenburg area in Germany in which IgG antibodies against the S1 protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as well as neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 virus antibodies were determined from the same sample. When analyzing the entire study population (2994 outpatients), we saw that S1 IgG antibodies (women: 223.98 ± 3.81; men: 207.80 ± 4.59; p = 0.014) and neutralizing antibodies (women: 66.65 ± 0.82; men: 62.88 ± 1.01; p = 0.021) are slightly higher in women than in men. Curve fitting revealed a good non-linear relationship between S1 IgG and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. However, 51 out of the 2994 blood samples from individual subjects were positive with regard to the neutralizing antibodies and at the same time negative for S1 IgG antibodies, and 112 out of the 2994 blood samples from individual subjects were negative with regard to the neutralizing antibodies and at the same time positive for S1 IgG antibodies. In conclusion, our study shows that there is a relevant number of patients who, despite developing significant titers of S1 antibodies, do not have relevant amounts of neutralizing antibody titers and are probably at high risk of (re-)infection.
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Yang ZJ, Wang TT, Wang BY, Gao H, He CW, Shang HW, Lu X, Wang Y, Xu JD. Deeper insight into the role of IL-17 in the relationship beween hypertension and intestinal physiology. J Inflamm (Lond) 2022; 19:14. [PMID: 36195874 PMCID: PMC9530412 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-022-00311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
With the incidence of hypertension increasing worldwide, more and more the mechanisms of hypertension from the perspective of immunity have found. Intestinal microbiota as well as its metabolites relationship with hypertension has attracted great attention from both clinicians and investigators. However, the associations of hypertension with lesions of a large number of immune factors including IL-17, MCP-1, IL-6, TGF-β, IL-10 and others have not been fully characterized. In this review, after introducing the immune factors as the most potent anti/pro-hypertension agents known, we provide detailed descriptions of the IL-17 involved in the pathology of hypertension, pointing out the underlying mechanisms and suggesting the clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Jun Yang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XClinical Medicine of “5+3”program, School of Basic Medical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Ya Wang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Eight Program of Clinical Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Wei He
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wei Shang
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XMorphological Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Lu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XMorphological Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- grid.414373.60000 0004 1758 1243Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Dong Xu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ebinger JE, Driver M, Joung S, Tran T, Barajas D, Wu M, Botting PG, Navarrette J, Sun N, Cheng S. Hypertension and Excess Risk for Severe COVID-19 Illness Despite Booster Vaccination. Hypertension 2022; 79:e132-e134. [PMID: 35862106 PMCID: PMC9444256 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Ebinger
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Matthew Driver
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sandy Joung
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Teresa Tran
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Denisse Barajas
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Patrick G. Botting
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jesse Navarrette
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nancy Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Abdalla M, El‐Arabey AA, Gai Z. Hypertension is still a moving target in the context of COVID-19 and post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. J Med Virol 2022; 95:e28128. [PMID: 36068170 PMCID: PMC9539041 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohnad Abdalla
- Research Institute of PediatricsChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital)JinanChina
| | - Amr Ahmed El‐Arabey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyAl‐Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Zhongtao Gai
- Research Institute of PediatricsChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital)JinanChina
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Bencze D, Fekete T, Pázmándi K. Correlation between Type I Interferon Associated Factors and COVID-19 Severity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810968. [PMID: 36142877 PMCID: PMC9506204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiviral type I interferons (IFN) produced in the early phase of viral infections effectively inhibit viral replication, prevent virus-mediated tissue damages and promote innate and adaptive immune responses that are all essential to the successful elimination of viruses. As professional type I IFN producing cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) have the ability to rapidly produce waste amounts of type I IFNs. Therefore, their low frequency, dysfunction or decreased capacity to produce type I IFNs might increase the risk of severe viral infections. In accordance with that, declined pDC numbers and delayed or inadequate type I IFN responses could be observed in patients with severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as compared to individuals with mild or no symptoms. Thus, besides chronic diseases, all those conditions, which negatively affect the antiviral IFN responses lengthen the list of risk factors for severe COVID-19. In the current review, we would like to briefly discuss the role and dysregulation of pDC/type I IFN axis in COVID-19, and introduce those type I IFN-dependent factors, which account for an increased risk of COVID-19 severity and thus are responsible for the different magnitude of individual immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Bencze
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-52-417-159
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Chu C, Schönbrunn A, Klemm K, von Baehr V, Krämer BK, Elitok S, Hocher B. Impact of hypertension on long-term humoral and cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915001. [PMID: 36119050 PMCID: PMC9478933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It was shown that hypertension delays SARS CoV-2 viral clearance and exacerbates airway hyperinflammation in the respiratory tract. However, it is unknown whether hypertension determines the long-term cellular and humoral response to SARS Cov2. Health care workers (HCWs) after an outbreak of SARS Cov-2 infections were analyzed. Infected HCWs were not vaccinated before blood collection. 5-14 months (median 7 months) after detection of SARS CoV-2 infection, blood was taken to analyze humoral response (S1 IgG and SARS CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies) and cellular (T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 with Lymphocyte Transformation Test). To identify clinical factors that determine the immune response, a multivariate regression analysis was done considering age, BMI, sex, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, COPD, asthma and time between PCR positivity and blood collection as confounding factors. Infected hypertensive HCWs more often needed to be hospitalized than non-hypertensive HCWs, but were less likely to develop anosmia and myalgia. The long-term humoral and cellular immune response was significantly strengthened in hypertensive versus normotensive infected HCWs. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that hypertension was independently associated with the humoral response to SARS CoV-2 infection. Multivariate regression analysis using same confounding factors for the humoral response showed a clear trend for an association with the cellular response to SARS CoV-2 infection as well. In conclusion, SARS CoV-2 infection strengthened immune response to SARS CoV-2 infection in hypertensive HCWs independent of other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chu
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Schönbrunn
- Institute of Medical Diagnostics (IMD) Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristin Klemm
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Ernst von Bergmann Hospital Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Volker von Baehr
- Institute of Medical Diagnostics (IMD) Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard K. Krämer
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Saban Elitok
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Ernst von Bergmann Hospital Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- *Correspondence: Berthold Hocher, ; Saban Elitok,
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology/Pneumology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Diagnostics (IMD) Berlin-Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of China International Trust Investment Corporation (CITIC)-Xiangya, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Berthold Hocher, ; Saban Elitok,
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Wang C, Yu Q, Song T, Wang Z, Song L, Yang Y, Shao J, Li J, Ni Y, Chao N, Zhang L, Li W. The heterogeneous immune landscape between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:289. [PMID: 36008393 PMCID: PMC9411197 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A thorough interrogation of the immune landscape is crucial for immunotherapy strategy selection and prediction of clinical responses in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) techniques have prompted the opportunity to dissect the distinct immune signatures between lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), the two major subtypes of NSCLC. Here, we performed scRNA-seq on 72,475 immune cells from 40 samples of tumor and matched adjacent normal tissues spanning 19 NSCLC patients, and drew a systematic immune cell transcriptome atlas. Joint analyses of the distinct cellular compositions, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), cell–cell interactions, pseudotime trajectory, transcriptomic factors and prognostic factors based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), revealed the central roles of cytotoxic and effector T and NK cells and the distinct functional macrophages (Mφ) subtypes in the immune microenvironment heterogeneity between LUAD and LUSC. The dominant subtype of Mφ was FABP4-Mφ in LUAD and SPP1-Mφ in LUSC. Importantly, we identified a novel lymphocyte-related Mφ cluster, which we named SELENOP-Mφ, and further established its antitumor role in both types, especially in LUAD. Our comprehensive depiction of the immune heterogeneity and definition of Mφ clusters could help design personalized treatment for lung cancer patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiuxiao Yu
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 518116, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhoufeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Lujia Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinyun Ni
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Ningning Chao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Center of Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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45
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Postiga IAL, Teixeira PC, Neves CAM, Santana Filho P, Marmett B, Carvalho R, Peres A, Rotta L, Thompson CE, Dorneles GP, Romão PRT. Systemic redox imbalance in severe COVID-19 patients. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:694-705. [PMID: 35980161 PMCID: PMC9538604 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the systemic redox state and inflammatory markers in intensive care unit (ICU) or non-ICU severe COVID-19 patients during the hospitalization period. Blood samples were collected at hospital admission (T1) (Controls and COVID-19 patients), 5-7 days after admission (T2: 5-7 days after hospital admission), and at the discharge time from the hospital (T3: 0-72 h before leaving hospital or death) to analyze systemic oxidative stress markers and inflammatory variables. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analyzed in peripheral granulocytes and monocytes. THP-1 human monocytic cell line was incubated with plasma from non-ICU and ICU COVID-19 patients and cell viability and apoptosis rate were analyzed. Higher total antioxidant capacity, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and IL-6 at hospital admission were identified in both non-ICU and ICU COVID-19 patients. ICU COVID-19 patients presented increased C-reactive protein, ROS levels, and protein oxidation over hospitalization period compared to non-ICU patients, despite increased antioxidant status. Granulocytes and monocytes of non-ICU and ICU COVID-19 patients presented lower MMP and higher ROS production compared to the healthy controls, with the highest values found in ICU COVID-19 group. Finally, the incubation of THP-1 cells with plasma acquired from ICU COVID-19 patients at T3 hospitalization period decreased cell viability and apoptosis rate. In conclusion, disturbance in redox state is a hallmark of severe COVID-19 and is associated with cell damage and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle A L Postiga
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula C Teixeira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carla Andretta Moreira Neves
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Santana Filho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marmett
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Roseana Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Peres
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Liane Rotta
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Claudia Elizabeth Thompson
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gilson P Dorneles
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro R T Romão
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Pietzner M, Chua RL, Wheeler E, Jechow K, Willett JDS, Radbruch H, Trump S, Heidecker B, Zeberg H, Heppner FL, Eils R, Mall MA, Richards JB, Sander LE, Lehmann I, Lukassen S, Wareham NJ, Conrad C, Langenberg C. ELF5 is a potential respiratory epithelial cell-specific risk gene for severe COVID-19. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4484. [PMID: 35970849 PMCID: PMC9378714 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite two years of intense global research activity, host genetic factors that predispose to a poorer prognosis of COVID-19 infection remain poorly understood. Here, we prioritise eight robust (e.g., ELF5) or suggestive but unreported (e.g., RAB2A) candidate protein mediators of COVID-19 outcomes by integrating results from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative with population-based plasma proteomics using statistical colocalisation. The transcription factor ELF5 (ELF5) shows robust and directionally consistent associations across different outcome definitions, including a >4-fold higher risk (odds ratio: 4.88; 95%-CI: 2.47-9.63; p-value < 5.0 × 10-6) for severe COVID-19 per 1 s.d. higher genetically predicted plasma ELF5. We show that ELF5 is specifically expressed in epithelial cells of the respiratory system, such as secretory and alveolar type 2 cells, using single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry. These cells are also likely targets of SARS-CoV-2 by colocalisation with key host factors, including ACE2 and TMPRSS2. In summary, large-scale human genetic studies together with gene expression at single-cell resolution highlight ELF5 as a risk gene for severe COVID-19, supporting a role of epithelial cells of the respiratory system in the adverse host response to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Pietzner
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Robert Lorenz Chua
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katharina Jechow
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian D S Willett
- McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Helena Radbruch
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin und Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Trump
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Heidecker
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin und Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hugo Zeberg
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank L Heppner
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin und Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence, NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Eils
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Health Data Science Unit, Heidelberg University Hospital and BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A Mall
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Brent Richards
- McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Departments of Medicine, Human Genetics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leif-Erik Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina Lehmann
- Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Lukassen
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christian Conrad
- Center for Digital Health, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Karimabad MN, Hassanshahi G, Kounis NG, Mplani V, Roditis P, Gogos C, Lagadinou M, Assimakopoulos SF, Dousdampanis P, Koniari I. The Chemokines CXC, CC and C in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 Disease and as Surrogates of Vaccine-Induced Innate and Adaptive Protective Responses. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081299. [PMID: 36016187 PMCID: PMC9416781 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is one of the progressive viral pandemics that originated from East Asia. COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be associated with a chain of physio-pathological mechanisms that are basically immunological in nature. In addition, chemokines have been proposed as a subgroup of chemotactic cytokines with different activities ranging from leukocyte recruitment to injury sites, irritation, and inflammation to angiostasis and angiogenesis. Therefore, researchers have categorized the chemotactic elements into four classes, including CX3C, CXC, CC, and C, based on the location of the cysteine motifs in their structures. Considering the severe cases of COVID-19, the hyperproduction of particular chemokines occurring in lung tissue as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly worsen the disease prognosis. According to the studies conducted in the field documenting the changing expression of CXC and CC chemokines in COVID-19 cases, the CC and CXC chemokines contribute to this pandemic, and their impact could reflect the development of reasonable strategies for COVID-19 management. The CC and the CXC families of chemokines are important in host immunity to viral infections and along with other biomarkers can serve as the surrogates of vaccine-induced innate and adaptive protective responses, facilitating the improvement of vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, the immunogenicity elicited by the chemokine response to adenovirus vector vaccines may constitute the basis of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopaenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Nicholas G. Kounis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Virginia Mplani
- Intensive Care Unit, Patras University Hospital, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Pavlos Roditis
- Department of Cardiology, Mamatsio Kozanis General Hospital, 50100 Kozani, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- COVID-19 Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Lagadinou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios F. Assimakopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Periklis Dousdampanis
- Department of Nephrology, Saint Andrews State General Hospital, 26221 Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Koniari
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
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48
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Al-kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Al-Niemi MS, Aljowaie RM, Almutairi SM, Alexiou A, Batiha GES. The Prospective Effect of Allopurinol on the Oxidative Stress Index and Endothelial Dysfunction in Covid-19. Inflammation 2022; 45:1651-1667. [PMID: 35199285 PMCID: PMC8865950 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 by the direct cytopathic effect or indirectly through the propagation of pro-inflammatory cytokines could cause endothelial dysfunction (ED) and oxidative stress (OS). It has been reported that OS is triggered by various types of viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Into the bargain, allopurinol is regarded as a potent antioxidant that acts through inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO), which is an essential enzyme of purine metabolism. Herein, the present study aimed to find the potential protective effects of allopurinol on the biomarkers of OS and ED in patients with severe Covid-19. This single-center cohort study recruited 39 patients with mild-moderate Covid-19 compared with 41 patients with severe Covid-19. Nineteen patients with severe Covid-19 were on the allopurinol treatment because of underlying chronic gout 3 years ago compared with 22 Covid-19 patients not on this treatment. The recruited patients were allocated into three groups: group I, mild-moderate Covid-19 on the standard therapy (n = 39); group II, severe Covid-19 patients on the standard therapy only (n = 22); and group III, severe Covid-19 patients on the standard therapy plus allopurinol (n = 19). The duration of the study was 3 weeks from the time of hospitalization till the time of recovery. In addition, inflammatory biomarkers (D-dimer, LDH, ferritin, CRP, procalcitonin), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), endothelin-1 (ET-1), uric acid and oxidative stress index (OSI), CT scan score, and clinical score were evaluated at the time of admission and discharge regarding the effect of allopurinol treatment adds to the standard treatment of Covid-19. Allopurinol plus standard treatment reduced LDH, ferritin, CRP, procalcitonin, and ET-1 serum level significantly (P < 0.05) compared with Covid-19 patients on standard treatment. Besides, neutrophil (%), lymphocyte (%), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were reduced in patients with severe Covid-19 on standard treatment plus allopurinol compared with Covid-19 patients on standard treatment alone (P < 0.01). OSI was higher in patients with severe Covid-19 than mild-moderate Covid-19 patients (P = 0.00001) at admission. At the time of discharge, the oxidative status of Covid-19 patients was significantly improved compared with that at admission (P = 0.01). In conclusion, Covid-19 severity is linked with high OS and inflammatory reaction with ED development. High uric acid in patients with severe Covid-19 is correlated with high OS and inflammatory biomarkers. Allopurinol with standard treatment in patients with severe Covid-19 reduced oxidative and inflammatory disorders with significant amelioration of ED and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al-kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AL mustansiriyia University, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I. Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AL mustansiriyia University, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Marwa S. Al-Niemi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Farahidi University, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Reem M. Aljowaie
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeedah Musaed Almutairi
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
- AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- grid.449014.c0000 0004 0583 5330Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, AlBeheira, 22511 Egypt
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Makhoul E, Aklinski JL, Miller J, Leonard C, Backer S, Kahar P, Parmar MS, Khanna D. A Review of COVID-19 in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidemia. Cureus 2022; 14:e27438. [PMID: 36051728 PMCID: PMC9420458 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although severe cases and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are proportionally infrequent, these cases are strongly linked to patients with conditions of metabolic syndrome (obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia). However, the pathophysiology of COVID-19 in relation to metabolic syndrome is not well understood. Thus, the goal of this secondary literature review was to examine the relationship between severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the individual conditions of metabolic syndrome. The objective of this secondary literature review was achieved by examining primary studies, case studies, and other secondary studies, to obtain a comprehensive perspective of theories and observations of COVID-19 etiology with metabolic syndrome. The most extensive research was available on the topics of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, which yielded multiple (and sometimes conflicting) hypothetical pathophysiology. The sources on dyslipidemia and COVID-19 were scarcer and failed to provide an equally comprehensive image, highlighting the need for further research. It was concluded that hypertension had the strongest correlation with COVID-19 incidence (followed by obesity), yet the causative pathophysiology was ambiguous; most likely related to cardiovascular, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2)-related complications from renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) imbalance. Obesity was also positively correlated to the severity of COVID-19 cases and was believed to contribute to mechanical difficulties with respiration, in addition to hypothetical connections with the expression of ACE-2 on abundant adipose tissue. Diabetes was believed to contribute to COVID-19 severity by producing a chronic inflammatory state and interfering with neutrophil and T-cell function. Furthermore, there were indications that COVID-19 may induce acute-onset diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis. Lastly, dyslipidemia was concluded to potentially facilitate SARS-CoV-2 infection by enhancing lipid rafts and immunosuppressive functions. There were also indications that cholesterol levels may have prognostic indications and that statins may have therapeutic benefits.
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50
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Zhang K, Cao L, Xuan N, Huang T, Tian B, Cui W, Zhang G, Zhang S. The effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with hypertension and COVID-19: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and propensity score-matched studies. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2:282-290. [PMID: 36785646 PMCID: PMC9212589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background High-quality evidence for whether the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors worsens clinical outcomes for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of RAAS inhibitors on disease severity and mortality in patients with hypertension and COVID-19 using randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity score-matched (PSM) studies. Methods A literature search was conducted with PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases from 31 December 2019 to 10 January 2022. We included RCTs and PSM studies comparing the risk of severe illness or mortality in patients with hypertension and COVID-19 treated or not treated with RAAS inhibitors. Individual trial data were combined to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) with a random-effects model. Results A total of 17 studies (4 RCTs and 13 PSM studies) were included in the meta-analysis. The use of RAAS inhibitors was not associated with an increased risk of severe illness (OR=1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-1.14, I2=28%) or mortality (OR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.83-1.11, I2=16%) for patients with hypertension and COVID-19. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the severity of COVID-19 when patients continued or discontinued treatment with RAAS inhibitors (OR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.78-1.29, I2=0%). Conclusions This study suggests that there was no association between treatment with RAAS inhibitors and worsened COVID-19 disease outcomes. Our findings support the current guidelines that RAAS inhibitors should be continued in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the benefit of RAAS inhibitor medications for COVID-19 patients should be further validated with more RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Lanxin Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Nanxia Xuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Tiancha Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Baoping Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Gensheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China,Zhejiang Province Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China;,Corresponding authors: Gensheng Zhang, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Shufang Zhang, Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Corresponding authors: Gensheng Zhang, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; Shufang Zhang, Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
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