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Cicala G, Rottura M, Gianguzzo VM, Cristiano F, Drago SFA, Pallio G, Irrera N, Imbalzano E, Spina E, Arcoraci V. Safety of Inclisiran: A Disproportionality Analysis from the EudraVigilance Database. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1365. [PMID: 39459005 PMCID: PMC11511047 DOI: 10.3390/ph17101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2024] [Revised: 10/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The discovery of serine protease proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has revolutionized pharmacological lipid-lowering treatments. The first PCSK9 antagonists (PCSK9-A), evolocumab and alirocumab, were approved in 2015. Targeting PCSK9 synthesis marked a major advancement in this field, leading to the development of inclisiran, a long-acting siRNA targeting PCSK9 mRNA. However, real-world safety data on this drug are still limited. Therefore, this study aims to provide a real-world safety evaluation of inclisiran, comparing its characteristics to those of PCSK9-As. Methods: A retrospective pharmacovigilance study was conducted using EudraVigilance (EV). Inclisiran-related individual case safety reports (I-ICSRs) from 01/01/2021 to 06/30/2023 were retrieved. ICSRs for evolocumab or alirocumab from 01/01/2015 to 06/30/2023 were collected as a reference group (RG). ADRs were classified using the MedDRA dictionary. Data were evaluated using descriptive and disproportionality analyses. Crude reporting odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used as disproportionality measures. Results: Of the 15,236 ICSRs, 3.7% (n = 563) involved inclisiran, with the rest in the RG. Most I-ICSRs involved female patients (51.7%) aged 18 to 64 (52.8%). The most-reported ADRs for inclisiran were "general disorders and administration site conditions" (n = 347) and "investigations" (n = 277). Significant disproportionality was found in I-ICSRs compared to the RG for "Myalgia" (ROR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.94-3.04), "Low-density lipoprotein increased" (ROR: 11.95; 95% CI: 9.10-15.52), and "Drug ineffective" (ROR: 6.37; 95% CI: 4.64-8.74). Conclusions: The inclisiran safety profile aligns with the existing literature and pre-commercial data. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the observed differences with PCSK9-As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cicala
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Michelangelo Rottura
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Viviana Maria Gianguzzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Federica Cristiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Selene Francesca Anna Drago
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Edoardo Spina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Vincenzo Arcoraci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.C.); (F.C.); (S.F.A.D.); (N.I.); (E.I.); (E.S.); (V.A.)
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Ulusoy-Gezer HG, Rakıcıoğlu N. The Future of Obesity Management through Precision Nutrition: Putting the Individual at the Center. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:455-477. [PMID: 38806863 PMCID: PMC11327204 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The prevalence of obesity continues to rise steadily. While obesity management typically relies on dietary and lifestyle modifications, individual responses to these interventions vary widely. Clinical guidelines for overweight and obesity stress the importance of personalized approaches to care. This review aims to underscore the role of precision nutrition in delivering tailored interventions for obesity management. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent technological strides have expanded our ability to detect obesity-related genetic polymorphisms, with machine learning algorithms proving pivotal in analyzing intricate genomic data. Machine learning algorithms can also predict postprandial glucose, triglyceride, and insulin levels, facilitating customized dietary interventions and ultimately leading to successful weight loss. Additionally, given that adherence to dietary recommendations is one of the key predictors of weight loss success, employing more objective methods for dietary assessment and monitoring can enhance sustained long-term compliance. Biomarkers of food intake hold promise for a more objective dietary assessment. Acknowledging the multifaceted nature of obesity, precision nutrition stands poised to transform obesity management by tailoring dietary interventions to individuals' genetic backgrounds, gut microbiota, metabolic profiles, and behavioral patterns. However, there is insufficient evidence demonstrating the superiority of precision nutrition over traditional dietary recommendations. The integration of precision nutrition into routine clinical practice requires further validation through randomized controlled trials and the accumulation of a larger body of evidence to strengthen its foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Gül Ulusoy-Gezer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Türkiye.
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Zelicha H, Kaplan A, Yaskolka Meir A, Rinott E, Tsaban G, Blüher M, Klöting N, Ceglarek U, Isermann B, Stumvoll M, Chassidim Y, Shelef I, Hu FB, Shai I. Altered proteome profiles related to visceral adiposity may mediate the favorable effect of green Mediterranean diet: the DIRECT-PLUS trial. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:1245-1256. [PMID: 38757229 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the effects of a green Mediterranean (green-MED) diet, which is high in dietary polyphenols and green plant-based protein and low in red/processed meat, on cardiovascular disease and inflammation-related circulating proteins and their associations with cardiometabolic risk parameters. METHODS In the 18-month weight loss trial Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial Polyphenols Unprocessed Study (DIRECT-PLUS), 294 participants with abdominal obesity were randomized to basic healthy dietary guidelines, Mediterranean (MED), or green-MED diets. Both isocaloric MED diet groups consumed walnuts (28 g/day), and the green-MED diet group also consumed green tea (3-4 cups/day) and green shakes (Mankai plant shake, 500 mL/day) and avoided red/processed meat. Proteome panels were measured at three time points using Olink CVDII. RESULTS At baseline, a dominant protein cluster was significantly related to higher phenotypic cardiometabolic risk parameters, with the strongest associations attributed to magnetic resonance imaging-assessed visceral adiposity (false discovery rate of 5%). Overall, after 6 months of intervention, both the MED and green-MED diets induced improvements in cardiovascular disease and proinflammatory risk proteins (p < 0.05, vs. healthy dietary guidelines), with the green-MED diet leading to more pronounced beneficial changes, largely driven by dominant proinflammatory proteins (IL-1 receptor antagonist protein, IL-16, IL-18, thrombospondin-2, leptin, prostasin, galectin-9, and fibroblast growth factor 21; adjusted for age, sex, and weight loss; p < 0.05). After 18 months, proteomics cluster changes presented the strongest correlations with visceral adiposity reduction. CONCLUSIONS Proteomics clusters may enhance our understanding of the favorable effect of a green-MED diet that is enriched with polyphenols and low in red/processed meat on visceral adiposity and cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hila Zelicha
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Alon Kaplan
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Anat Yaskolka Meir
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Ehud Rinott
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Gal Tsaban
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Yoash Chassidim
- Department of Engineering, Sapir Academic College, Sapir, Israel
| | - Ilan Shelef
- Soroka University Medical Center, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Iris Shai
- The Health and Nutrition Innovative International Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
- Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Costello E, Goodrich JA, Patterson WB, Walker DI, Chen J(C, Baumert BO, Rock S, Gilliland FD, Goran MI, Chen Z, Alderete TL, Conti DV, Chatzi L. Proteomic and Metabolomic Signatures of Diet Quality in Young Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:429. [PMID: 38337712 PMCID: PMC10857402 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The assessment of "omics" signatures may contribute to personalized medicine and precision nutrition. However, the existing literature is still limited in the homogeneity of participants' characteristics and in limited assessments of integrated omics layers. Our objective was to use post-prandial metabolomics and fasting proteomics to identify biological pathways and functions associated with diet quality in a population of primarily Hispanic young adults. We conducted protein and metabolite-wide association studies and functional pathway analyses to assess the relationships between a priori diet indices, Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets, and proteins (n = 346) and untargeted metabolites (n = 23,173), using data from the MetaAIR study (n = 154, 61% Hispanic). Analyses were performed for each diet quality index separately, adjusting for demographics and BMI. Five proteins (ACY1, ADH4, AGXT, GSTA1, F7) and six metabolites (undecylenic acid, betaine, hyodeoxycholic acid, stearidonic acid, iprovalicarb, pyracarbolid) were associated with both diets (p < 0.05), though none were significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Overlapping proteins are involved in lipid and amino acid metabolism and in hemostasis, while overlapping metabolites include amino acid derivatives, bile acids, fatty acids, and pesticides. Enriched biological pathways were involved in macronutrient metabolism, immune function, and oxidative stress. These findings in young Hispanic adults contribute to efforts to develop precision nutrition and medicine for diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Costello
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Jesse A. Goodrich
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - William B. Patterson
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (W.B.P.); (T.L.A.)
| | - Douglas I. Walker
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA;
| | - Jiawen (Carmen) Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Brittney O. Baumert
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Sarah Rock
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Frank D. Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Michael I. Goran
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, The Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Tanya L. Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (W.B.P.); (T.L.A.)
| | - David V. Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.G.); (J.C.); (B.O.B.); (S.R.); (F.D.G.); (M.I.G.); (Z.C.); (D.V.C.); (L.C.)
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Drouard G, Hagenbeek FA, Whipp AM, Pool R, Hottenga JJ, Jansen R, Hubers N, Afonin A, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Ripatti S, Pirinen M, Kanninen KM, Boomsma DI, van Dongen J, Kaprio J. Longitudinal multi-omics study reveals common etiology underlying association between plasma proteome and BMI trajectories in adolescent and young adult twins. BMC Med 2023; 21:508. [PMID: 38129841 PMCID: PMC10740308 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of genetics and environment on the association of the plasma proteome with body mass index (BMI) and changes in BMI remains underexplored, and the links to other omics in these associations remain to be investigated. We characterized protein-BMI trajectory associations in adolescents and adults and how these connect to other omics layers. METHODS Our study included two cohorts of longitudinally followed twins: FinnTwin12 (N = 651) and the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) (N = 665). Follow-up comprised 4 BMI measurements over approximately 6 (NTR: 23-27 years old) to 10 years (FinnTwin12: 12-22 years old), with omics data collected at the last BMI measurement. BMI changes were calculated in latent growth curve models. Mixed-effects models were used to quantify the associations between the abundance of 439 plasma proteins with BMI at blood sampling and changes in BMI. In FinnTwin12, the sources of genetic and environmental variation underlying the protein abundances were quantified by twin models, as were the associations of proteins with BMI and BMI changes. In NTR, we investigated the association of gene expression of genes encoding proteins identified in FinnTwin12 with BMI and changes in BMI. We linked identified proteins and their coding genes to plasma metabolites and polygenic risk scores (PRS) applying mixed-effects models and correlation networks. RESULTS We identified 66 and 14 proteins associated with BMI at blood sampling and changes in BMI, respectively. The average heritability of these proteins was 35%. Of the 66 BMI-protein associations, 43 and 12 showed genetic and environmental correlations, respectively, including 8 proteins showing both. Similarly, we observed 7 and 3 genetic and environmental correlations between changes in BMI and protein abundance, respectively. S100A8 gene expression was associated with BMI at blood sampling, and the PRG4 and CFI genes were associated with BMI changes. Proteins showed strong connections with metabolites and PRSs, but we observed no multi-omics connections among gene expression and other omics layers. CONCLUSIONS Associations between the proteome and BMI trajectories are characterized by shared genetic, environmental, and metabolic etiologies. We observed few gene-protein pairs associated with BMI or changes in BMI at the proteome and transcriptome levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabin Drouard
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Fiona A Hagenbeek
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alyce M Whipp
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - René Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nikki Hubers
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksei Afonin
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Cederroth CR, Hong MG, Freydin MB, Edvall NK, Trpchevska N, Jarach C, Schlee W, Schwenk JM, Lopez-Escamez JA, Gallus S, Canlon B, Bulla J, Williams FMK. Screening for Circulating Inflammatory Proteins Does Not Reveal Plasma Biomarkers of Constant Tinnitus. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2023; 24:593-606. [PMID: 38079022 PMCID: PMC10752855 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-023-00920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Tinnitus would benefit from an objective biomarker. The goal of this study is to identify plasma biomarkers of constant and chronic tinnitus among selected circulating inflammatory proteins. METHODS A case-control retrospective study on 548 cases with constant tinnitus and 548 matched controls from the Swedish Tinnitus Outreach Project (STOP), whose plasma samples were examined using Olink's Inflammatory panel. Replication and meta-analysis were performed using the same method on samples from the TwinsUK cohort. Participants from LifeGene, whose blood was collected in Stockholm and Umeå, were recruited to STOP for a tinnitus subtyping study. An age and sex matching was performed at the individual level. TwinsUK participants (n = 928) were selected based on self-reported tinnitus status over 2 to 10 years. Primary outcomes include normalized levels for 96 circulating proteins, which were used as an index test. No reference standard was available in this study. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, smoking, hearing loss, and laboratory site, the top proteins identified were FGF-21, MCP4, GDNF, CXCL9, and MCP-1; however, these were no longer statistically significant after correction for multiple testing. Stratification by sex did not yield any significant associations. Similarly, associations with hearing loss or other tinnitus-related comorbidities such as stress, anxiety, depression, hyperacusis, temporomandibular joint disorders, and headache did not yield any significant associations. Analysis in the TwinsUK failed in replicating the top candidates. Meta-analysis of STOP and TwinsUK did not reveal any significant association. Using elastic net regularization, models exhibited poor predictive capacity tinnitus based on inflammatory markers [sensitivity = 0.52 (95% CI 0.47-0.57), specificity = 0.53 (0.48-0.58), positive predictive value = 0.52 (0.47-0.56), negative predictive values = 0.53 (0.49-0.58), and AUC = 0.53 (0.49-0.56)]. DISCUSSION Our results did not identify significant associations of the selected inflammatory proteins with constant tinnitus. Future studies examining longitudinal relations among those with more severe tinnitus and using more recent expanded proteomics platforms and sampling of cerebrospinal fluid could increase the likelihood of identifying relevant molecular biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Cederroth
- Section of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Ropewalk House, Nottingham, UK.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Translational Hearing Research, Tübingen Hearing Research Center, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany.
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Affinity Proteomics, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maxim B Freydin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Niklas K Edvall
- Section of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalia Trpchevska
- Section of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlotta Jarach
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jose-Antonio Lopez-Escamez
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Medical Sciences, Meniere's Disease Neuroscience Research Program, The Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Otology and Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO - Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research - Pfizer, University of Granada, PTS, Junta de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, GranadaGranada, Spain
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Canlon
- Section of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Bulla
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frances M K Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Goudswaard LJ, Smith ML, Hughes DA, Taylor R, Lean M, Sattar N, Welsh P, McConnachie A, Blazeby JM, Rogers CA, Suhre K, Zaghlool SB, Hers I, Timpson NJ, Corbin LJ. Using trials of caloric restriction and bariatric surgery to explore the effects of body mass index on the circulating proteome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21077. [PMID: 38030643 PMCID: PMC10686974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thousands of proteins circulate in the bloodstream; identifying those which associate with weight and intervention-induced weight loss may help explain mechanisms of diseases associated with adiposity. We aimed to identify consistent protein signatures of weight loss across independent studies capturing changes in body mass index (BMI). We analysed proteomic data from studies implementing caloric restriction (Diabetes Remission Clinical trial) and bariatric surgery (By-Band-Sleeve), using SomaLogic and Olink Explore1536 technologies, respectively. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the effect of the interventions on circulating proteins. Twenty-three proteins were altered in a consistent direction after both bariatric surgery and caloric restriction, suggesting that these proteins are modulated by weight change, independent of intervention type. We also integrated Mendelian randomisation (MR) estimates of the effect of BMI on proteins measured by SomaLogic from a UK blood donor cohort as a third line of causal evidence. These MR estimates provided further corroborative evidence for a role of BMI in regulating the levels of six proteins including alcohol dehydrogenase-4, nogo receptor and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein. These results indicate the importance of triangulation in interrogating causal relationships; further study into the role of proteins modulated by weight in disease is now warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy J Goudswaard
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK.
- Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Madeleine L Smith
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
| | - David A Hughes
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
| | - Roy Taylor
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Michael Lean
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G31 2ER, UK
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Paul Welsh
- School of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Alex McConnachie
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Jane M Blazeby
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Chris A Rogers
- Bristol Medical School, Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1NU, UK
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaza B Zaghlool
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ingeborg Hers
- Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura J Corbin
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol, UK
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8
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Titova OE, Brunius C, Warensjö Lemming E, Stattin K, Baron JA, Byberg L, Michaëlsson K, Larsson SC. Comprehensive analyses of circulating cardiometabolic proteins and objective measures of fat mass. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:1043-1049. [PMID: 37550405 PMCID: PMC10599989 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01351-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying molecular pathways for the effect of excess fat mass on cardiometabolic diseases is not well understood. Since body mass index is a suboptimal measure of body fat content, we investigated the relationship of fat mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with circulating cardiometabolic proteins. METHODS We used data from a population-based cohort of 4950 Swedish women (55-85 years), divided into discovery and replication samples; 276 proteins were assessed with three Olink Proseek Multiplex panels. We used random forest to identify the most relevant biomarker candidates related to fat mass index (FMI), multivariable linear regression to further investigate the associations between FMI characteristics and circulating proteins adjusted for potential confounders, and principal component analysis (PCA) for the detection of common covariance patterns among the proteins. RESULTS Total FMI was associated with 66 proteins following adjustment for multiple testing in discovery and replication multivariable analyses. Five proteins not previously associated with body size were associated with either lower FMI (calsyntenin-2 (CLSTN2), kallikrein-10 (KLK10)), or higher FMI (scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain-containing group B protein (SSC4D), trem-like transcript 2 protein (TLT-2), and interleukin-6 receptor subunit alpha (IL-6RA)). PCA provided an efficient summary of the main variation in FMI-related circulating proteins involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, appetite regulation, adipocyte differentiation, immune response and inflammation. Similar patterns were observed for regional fat mass measures. CONCLUSIONS This is the first large study showing associations between fat mass and circulating cardiometabolic proteins. Proteins not previously linked to body size are implicated in modulation of postsynaptic signals, inflammation, and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga E Titova
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Carl Brunius
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Warensjö Lemming
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Food studies, nutrition and dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Stattin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John A Baron
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Verhulst CEM, van Heck JIP, Fabricius TW, Stienstra R, Teerenstra S, McCrimmon RJ, Tack CJ, Pedersen-Bjergaard U, de Galan BE. Hypoglycaemia induces a sustained pro-inflammatory response in people with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:3114-3124. [PMID: 37485887 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the duration and the extension of the pro-inflammatory response to hypoglycaemia both in people with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adults with type 1 diabetes (n = 47) and matched controls (n = 16) underwent a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic hypoglycaemic (2.8 ± 0.1 mmoL/L [49.9 ± 2.3 mg/dL]) glucose clamp. During euglycaemia, hypoglycaemia, and 1, 3 and 7 days later, blood was drawn to determine immune cell phenotype, monocyte function and circulating inflammatory markers. RESULTS Hypoglycaemia increased lymphocyte and monocyte counts, which remained elevated for 1 week. The proportion of CD16+ monocytes increased and the proportion of CD14+ monocytes decreased. During hypoglycaemia, monocytes released more tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, and less interleukin-10, after ex vivo stimulation. Hypoglycaemia increased the levels of 19 circulating inflammatory proteins, including high sensitive C-reactive protein, most of which remained elevated for 1 week. The epinephrine peak in response to hypoglycaemia was positively correlated with immune cell number and phenotype, but not with the proteomic response. CONCLUSIONS Overall, despite differences in prior exposure to hypoglycaemia, the pattern of the inflammatory responses to hypoglycaemia did not differ between people with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. In conclusion, hypoglycaemia induces a range of pro-inflammatory responses that are sustained for at least 1 week in people with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementine E M Verhulst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Julia I P van Heck
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Therese W Fabricius
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Teerenstra
- Section Biostatistics, Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cees J Tack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard
- Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bastiaan E de Galan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, MUMC+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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Drouard G, Hagenbeek FA, Whipp A, Pool R, Hottenga JJ, Jansen R, Hubers N, Afonin A, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Ripatti S, Pirinen M, Kanninen KM, Boomsma DI, van Dongen J, Kaprio J. Longitudinal multi-omics study reveals common etiology underlying association between plasma proteome and BMI trajectories in adolescent and young adult twins. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.06.28.23291995. [PMID: 37425750 PMCID: PMC10327285 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.23291995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Background The influence of genetics and environment on the association of the plasma proteome with body mass index (BMI) and changes in BMI remain underexplored, and the links to other omics in these associations remain to be investigated. We characterized protein-BMI trajectory associations in adolescents and adults and how these connect to other omics layers. Methods Our study included two cohorts of longitudinally followed twins: FinnTwin12 (N=651) and the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) (N=665). Follow-up comprised four BMI measurements over approximately 6 (NTR: 23-27 years old) to 10 years (FinnTwin12: 12-22 years old), with omics data collected at the last BMI measurement. BMI changes were calculated using latent growth curve models. Mixed-effects models were used to quantify the associations between the abundance of 439 plasma proteins with BMI at blood sampling and changes in BMI. The sources of genetic and environmental variation underlying the protein abundances were quantified using twin models, as were the associations of proteins with BMI and BMI changes. In NTR, we investigated the association of gene expression of genes encoding proteins identified in FinnTwin12 with BMI and changes in BMI. We linked identified proteins and their coding genes to plasma metabolites and polygenic risk scores (PRS) using mixed-effect models and correlation networks. Results We identified 66 and 14 proteins associated with BMI at blood sampling and changes in BMI, respectively. The average heritability of these proteins was 35%. Of the 66 BMI-protein associations, 43 and 12 showed genetic and environmental correlations, respectively, including 8 proteins showing both. Similarly, we observed 6 and 4 genetic and environmental correlations between changes in BMI and protein abundance, respectively. S100A8 gene expression was associated with BMI at blood sampling, and the PRG4 and CFI genes were associated with BMI changes. Proteins showed strong connections with many metabolites and PRSs, but we observed no multi-omics connections among gene expression and other omics layers. Conclusions Associations between the proteome and BMI trajectories are characterized by shared genetic, environmental, and metabolic etiologies. We observed few gene-protein pairs associated with BMI or changes in BMI at the proteome and transcriptome levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabin Drouard
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fiona A. Hagenbeek
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alyce Whipp
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - René Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Jansen
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nikki Hubers
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksei Afonin
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - BIOS Consortium
- Biobank-based Integrative Omics Study Consortium. Lists of authors and their affiliations appear in the supplementary material (see Additional file 1)
| | | | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J. C. de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja M. Kanninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D) Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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11
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Talla A, Vasaikar SV, Szeto GL, Lemos MP, Czartoski JL, MacMillan H, Moodie Z, Cohen KW, Fleming LB, Thomson Z, Okada L, Becker LA, Coffey EM, De Rosa SC, Newell EW, Skene PJ, Li X, Bumol TF, Juliana McElrath M, Torgerson TR. Persistent serum protein signatures define an inflammatory subcategory of long COVID. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3417. [PMID: 37296110 PMCID: PMC10252177 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Long COVID or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) is a clinical syndrome featuring diverse symptoms that can persist for months following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aetiologies may include persistent inflammation, unresolved tissue damage or delayed clearance of viral protein or RNA, but the biological differences they represent are not fully understood. Here we evaluate the serum proteome in samples, longitudinally collected from 55 PASC individuals with symptoms lasting ≥60 days after onset of acute infection, in comparison to samples from symptomatically recovered SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected individuals. Our analysis indicates heterogeneity in PASC and identified subsets with distinct signatures of persistent inflammation. Type II interferon signaling and canonical NF-κB signaling (particularly associated with TNF), appear to be the most differentially enriched signaling pathways, distinguishing a group of patients characterized also by a persistent neutrophil activation signature. These findings help to clarify biological diversity within PASC, identify participants with molecular evidence of persistent inflammation, and highlight dominant pathways that may have diagnostic or therapeutic relevance, including a protein panel that we propose as having diagnostic utility for differentiating inflammatory and non-inflammatory PASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Talla
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suhas V Vasaikar
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seagen, Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Gregory Lee Szeto
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seagen, Bothell, WA, USA
| | - Maria P Lemos
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julie L Czartoski
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hugh MacMillan
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zoe Moodie
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristen W Cohen
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Moderna, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lamar B Fleming
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lauren Okada
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Stephen C De Rosa
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Evan W Newell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Xiaojun Li
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - M Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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12
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Duggan MR, Butler L, Peng Z, Daya GN, Moghekar A, An Y, Rapp SR, Hayden KM, Shadyab AH, Natale G, Liu L, Snetselaar L, Moaddel R, Rebholz CM, Sullivan K, Ballantyne CM, Resnick SM, Ferrucci L, Walker KA. Plasma proteins related to inflammatory diet predict future cognitive impairment. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1599-1609. [PMID: 36737481 PMCID: PMC10208977 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the immune system and dietary patterns that increase inflammation can increase the risk for cognitive decline, but the mechanisms by which inflammatory nutritional habits may affect the development of cognitive impairment in aging are not well understood. To determine whether plasma proteins linked to inflammatory diet predict future cognitive impairment, we applied high-throughput proteomic assays to plasma samples from a subset (n = 1528) of Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) participants (mean [SD] baseline age, 71.3 [SD 3.8] years). Results provide insights into how inflammatory nutritional patterns are associated with an immune-related proteome and identify a group of proteins (CXCL10, CCL3, HGF, OPG, CDCP1, NFATC3, ITGA11) related to future cognitive impairment over a 14-year follow-up period. Several of these inflammatory diet proteins were also associated with dementia risk across two external cohorts (ARIC, ESTHER), correlated with plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (Aβ42/40) and/or neurodegeneration (NfL), and related to an MRI-defined index of neurodegenerative brain atrophy in a separate cohort (BLSA). In addition to evaluating their biological relevance, assessing their potential role in AD, and characterizing their immune-tissue/cell-specific expression, we leveraged published RNA-seq results to examine how the in vitro regulation of genes encoding these candidate proteins might be altered in response to an immune challenge. Our findings indicate how dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential relate to plasma levels of immunologically relevant proteins and highlight the molecular mediators which predict subsequent risk for age-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Duggan
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Butler
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhongsheng Peng
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gulzar N Daya
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhay Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang An
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen R Rapp
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hayden
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ginny Natale
- Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Longjian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keenan A Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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13
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Distinct factors associated with short-term and long-term weight loss induced by low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet intervention. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100870. [PMID: 36516846 PMCID: PMC9798029 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To understand what determines the success of short- and long-term weight loss, we conduct a secondary analysis of dietary, metabolic, and molecular data collected from 609 participants before, during, and after a 1-year weight-loss intervention with either a healthy low-carbohydrate (HLC) or a healthy low-fat (HLF) diet. Through systematic analysis of multidomain datasets, we find that dietary adherence and diet quality, not just caloric restriction, are important for short-term weight loss in both diets. Interestingly, we observe minimal dietary differences between those who succeeded in long-term weight loss and those who did not. Instead, proteomic and gut microbiota signatures significantly differ between these two groups at baseline. Moreover, the baseline respiratory quotient may suggest a specific diet for better weight-loss outcomes. Overall, the identification of these dietary, molecular, and metabolic factors, common or unique to the HLC and HLF diets, provides a roadmap for developing individualized weight-loss strategies.
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14
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Plasma FGF21 Levels Are Not Associated with Weight Loss or Improvements in Metabolic Health Markers upon 12 Weeks of Energy Restriction: Secondary Analysis of an RCT. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235061. [PMID: 36501091 PMCID: PMC9735516 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) may be a marker of metabolic health status. We performed a secondary analysis of a 12-week randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of two energy restriction (ER) diets on fasting and postprandial plasma FGF21 levels, as well as to explore correlations of plasma FGF21 with metabolic health markers, (macro)nutrient intake and sweet-taste preference. Abdominally obese subjects aged 40-70 years (n = 110) were randomized to one of two 25% ER diets (high-nutrient-quality diet or low-nutrient-quality diet) or a control group. Plasma FGF21 was measured in the fasting state and 120 min after a mixed meal. Both ER diets did not affect fasting or postprandial plasma FGF21 levels despite weight loss and accompanying health improvements. At baseline, the postprandial FGF21 response was inversely correlated to fasting plasma glucose (ρ = -0.24, p = 0.020) and insulin (ρ = -0.32, p = 0.001), HOMA-IR (ρ = -0.34, p = 0.001), visceral adipose tissue (ρ = -0.24, p = 0.046), and the liver enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (ρ = -0.23, p = 0.021). Diet-induced changes in these markers did not correlate to changes in plasma FGF21 levels upon intervention. Baseline higher habitual polysaccharide intake, but not mono- and disaccharide intake or sweet-taste preference, was related to lower fasting plasma FGF21 (p = 0.022). In conclusion, we found no clear evidence that fasting plasma FGF21 is a marker for metabolic health status. Circulating FGF21 dynamics in response to an acute nutritional challenge may reflect metabolic health status better than fasting levels.
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15
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Hill EB, Siebert JC, Yazza DN, Ostendorf DM, Bing K, Wayland L, Scorsone JJ, Bessesen DH, MacLean PS, Melanson EL, Catenacci VA, Borengasser SJ. Proteomics, dietary intake, and changes in cardiometabolic health within a behavioral weight-loss intervention: A pilot study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:2134-2145. [PMID: 36321274 PMCID: PMC9634672 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying associations among circulating proteins, dietary intakes, and clinically relevant indicators of cardiometabolic health during weight loss may elucidate biologically relevant pathways affected by diet, allowing for an incorporation of precision nutrition approaches when designing future interventions. This study hypothesized that plasma proteins would be associated with diet and cardiometabolic health indicators within a behavioral weight-loss intervention. METHODS This secondary data analysis included participants (n = 20, mean [SD], age: 40.1 [9.5] years, BMI: 34.2 [4.0] kg/m2 ) who completed a 1-year behavioral weight-loss intervention. Cardiovascular disease-related plasma proteins, diet, and cardiometabolic health indicators were evaluated at baseline and 3 months. Associations were determined via linear regression and integrated networks created using Visualization Of LineAr Regression Elements (VOLARE). RESULTS A total of 16 plasma proteins were associated with ≥1 diet or health indicator at baseline (p < 0.001); changes in 42 proteins were associated with changes in diet or health indicators from baseline to 3 months (p < 0.005). Baseline tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10C (TNFRSF10C) was associated with intakes of dark green vegetables (r = -0.712), and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was associated with intakes of unsweetened coffee (r = -0.689). Changes in refined-grain intakes were associated with changes in scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 (CD163; r = 0.725), interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL1R-T1; r = 0.624), insulin (r = 0.656), and triglycerides (r = 0.648). CONCLUSIONS Circulating cardiovascular disease-related proteins were associated with diet and cardiometabolic health indicators prior to and in response to weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Deaunabah N. Yazza
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Danielle M. Ostendorf
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen Bing
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Liza Wayland
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jared J. Scorsone
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel H. Bessesen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paul S. MacLean
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Edward L. Melanson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Victoria A. Catenacci
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sarah J. Borengasser
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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16
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Cauwenberghs N, Prunicki M, Sabovčik F, Perelman D, Contrepois K, Li X, Snyder MP, Nadeau KC, Kuznetsova T, Haddad F, Gardner CD. Temporal changes in soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 associated with metabolic health, body composition, and proteome dynamics during a weight loss diet intervention: a randomized trial with implications for the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1655-1665. [PMID: 34375388 PMCID: PMC8574695 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) serves protective functions in metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, and pulmonary diseases and is linked to COVID-19 pathology. The correlates of temporal changes in soluble ACE2 (sACE2) remain understudied. OBJECTIVES We explored the associations of sACE2 with metabolic health and proteome dynamics during a weight loss diet intervention. METHODS We analyzed 457 healthy individuals (mean ± SD age: 39.8 ± 6.6 y) with BMI 28-40 kg/m2 in the DIETFITS (Diet Intervention Examining the Factors Interacting with Treatment Success) study. Biochemical markers of metabolic health and 236 proteins were measured by Olink CVDII, CVDIII, and Inflammation I arrays at baseline and at 6 mo during the dietary intervention. We determined clinical and routine biochemical correlates of the diet-induced change in sACE2 (ΔsACE2) using stepwise linear regression. We combined feature selection models and multivariable-adjusted linear regression to identify protein dynamics associated with ΔsACE2. RESULTS sACE2 decreased on average at 6 mo during the diet intervention. Stronger decline in sACE2 during the diet intervention was independently associated with female sex, lower HOMA-IR and LDL cholesterol at baseline, and a stronger decline in HOMA-IR, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and fat mass. Participants with decreasing HOMA-IR (OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.28, 3.03) and triglycerides (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 1.72, 4.26) had significantly higher odds for a decrease in sACE2 during the diet intervention than those without (P ≤ 0.0073). Feature selection models linked ΔsACE2 to changes in α-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor, E-selectin, hydroxyacid oxidase 1, kidney injury molecule 1, tyrosine-protein kinase Mer, placental growth factor, thrombomodulin, and TNF receptor superfamily member 10B. ΔsACE2 remained associated with these protein changes in multivariable-adjusted linear regression. CONCLUSIONS Decrease in sACE2 during a weight loss diet intervention was associated with improvements in metabolic health, fat mass, and markers of angiotensin peptide metabolism, hepatic and vascular injury, renal function, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Our findings may improve the risk stratification, prevention, and management of cardiometabolic complications.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01826591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Cauwenberghs
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mary Prunicki
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - František Sabovčik
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dalia Perelman
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Biochemistry, The Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Computer and Data Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francois Haddad
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher D Gardner
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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17
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Iglesias MJ, Kruse LD, Sanchez-Rivera L, Enge L, Dusart P, Hong MG, Uhlén M, Renné T, Schwenk JM, Bergstrom G, Odeberg J, Butler LM. Identification of Endothelial Proteins in Plasma Associated With Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2990-3004. [PMID: 34706560 PMCID: PMC8608011 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a well-established response to cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. Risk factor exposure can modify EC signaling and behavior, leading to arterial and venous disease development. Here, we aimed to identify biomarker panels for the assessment of EC dysfunction, which could be useful for risk stratification or to monitor treatment response. Approach and Results: We used affinity proteomics to identify EC proteins circulating in plasma that were associated with cardiovascular disease risk factor exposure. Two hundred sixteen proteins, which we previously predicted to be EC-enriched across vascular beds, were measured in plasma samples (N=1005) from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study) pilot. Thirty-eight of these proteins were associated with body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, smoking, hypertension, or diabetes. Sex-specific analysis revealed that associations predominantly observed in female- or male-only samples were most frequently with the risk factors body mass index, or total cholesterol and smoking, respectively. We show a relationship between individual cardiovascular disease risk, calculated with the Framingham risk score, and the corresponding biomarker profiles. Conclusions: EC proteins in plasma could reflect vascular health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Iglesias
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.).,Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø (M.J.I., J.O.)
| | - Larissa D Kruse
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.)
| | - Laura Sanchez-Rivera
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.)
| | - Linnea Enge
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.)
| | - Philip Dusart
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.)
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.)
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.)
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (T.R.).,Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (T.R.).,Centre for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (T.R.)
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.)
| | - Göran Bergstrom
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden (G.B.)
| | - Jacob Odeberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.).,Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø (M.J.I., J.O.).,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø (J.O., L.M.B.).,Coagulation Unit, Department of Hematology (J.O.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lynn M Butler
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (M.J.I., L.D.K., L.S.-R., L.E., P.D., M.G.H., M.U., J.M.S., J.O., L.M.B.).,Department of Clinical Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø (J.O., L.M.B.).,Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Laboratory (L.M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Chemistry and Blood Coagulation Research, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (L.M.B.)
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18
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Landry MJ, Crimarco A, Gardner CD. Benefits of Low Carbohydrate Diets: a Settled Question or Still Controversial? Curr Obes Rep 2021; 10:409-422. [PMID: 34297345 PMCID: PMC9621749 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to provide an update on the available data on the benefits of low-carbohydrate (low-carb) diets for weight management and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and determine if low-carb diets were a settled question or still controversial. RECENT FINDINGS Most of the recent published literature in this area consists of reviews of past trials, with a relatively smaller number of recent trials. Low-carb is most commonly compared to low-fat, with problematically inconsistent definitions of both. There are numerous challenges in trying to draw clear conclusions about efficacy and effectiveness. Short-term vs. long-term effects can differ, which is likely impacted by adherence. Adherence is very different between metabolic chamber or feeding studies vs. free-living. Body weight alone is a crude measure that fails to capture potentially important differences in lean-mass, fat-mass, and body water. Benefits for glycemic control need to be balanced with impacts on non-glycemic outcomes such as LDL-cholesterol, the microbiome, and inflammation. It is important to differentiate between low-carb and very-low carbohydrate diets (VLCD). To date no large-scale long-term clinical trials have been conducted testing whether low-carb diets can prevent T2DM. Many issues regarding benefits and risks of low-carb diets remain controversial or unresolved, particularly for VLCD. Some of the recent, better studies highlighted in this review suggest strategies for resolving these controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Landry
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Crimarco
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Christopher D Gardner
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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19
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Nayor M, Shah SH, Murthy V, Shah RV. Molecular Aspects of Lifestyle and Environmental Effects in Patients With Diabetes: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 78:481-495. [PMID: 34325838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized as an integrated condition of dysregulated metabolism across multiple tissues, with well-established consequences on the cardiovascular system. Recent advances in precision phenotyping in biofluids and tissues in large human observational and interventional studies have afforded a unique opportunity to translate seminal findings in models and cellular systems to patients at risk for diabetes and its complications. Specifically, techniques to assay metabolites, proteins, and transcripts, alongside more recent assessment of the gut microbiome, underscore the complexity of diabetes in patients, suggesting avenues for precision phenotyping of risk, response to intervention, and potentially novel therapies. In addition, the influence of external factors and inputs (eg, activity, diet, medical therapies) on each domain of molecular characterization has gained prominence toward better understanding their role in prevention. Here, the authors provide a broad overview of the role of several of these molecular domains in human translational investigation in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nayor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. https://twitter.com/MattNayor
| | - Svati H Shah
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA. https://twitter.com/SvatiShah
| | - Venkatesh Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. https://twitter.com/venkmurthy
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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20
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Klevebro S, Björkander S, Ekström S, Merid SK, Gruzieva O, Mälarstig A, Johansson Å, Kull I, Bergström A, Melén E. Inflammation-related plasma protein levels and association with adiposity measurements in young adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11391. [PMID: 34059769 PMCID: PMC8166979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related inflammation is associated with cardiovascular, metabolic, and pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study was to demonstrate associations between adiposity measurements and levels of inflammation-related plasma proteins in a population of young adults. Subjects from a population-based birth cohort with a mean age of 22.5 years were included in the study population (n = 2074). Protein levels were analyzed using the Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel. Percentage body fat (%BF) and visceral fat rating (VFR) measurements were collected using Tanita MC 780 body composition monitor. Linear regression of standardized values was used to investigate associations. Potential effect modifications by sex and BMI category were assessed. Of 71 investigated proteins, 54 were significantly associated with all adiposity measurements [%BF, body mass index (BMI), VFR and waist circumference]. Among proteins associated with %BF, seven showed a larger or unique association in overweight/obese subjects and three showed a significant effect modification by sex. Fourteen proteins more strongly associated with VFR in females compared to males. Adipose-associated systemic inflammation was observed in this young adult population. Sex and adiposity localization influenced some of the associations. Our results highlight specific proteins as suitable biomarkers related to adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Klevebro
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sophia Björkander
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Ekström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon K Merid
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Mälarstig
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Inger Kull
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Bergström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Sjukhusbacken 10, 118 83, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
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