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Lorca-Cámara A, Blot FGC, Accanto N. Recent advances in light patterned optogenetic photostimulation in freely moving mice. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:S11508. [PMID: 38404422 PMCID: PMC10885521 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.s1.s11508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Optogenetics opened the door to a new era of neuroscience. New optical developments are under way to enable high-resolution neuronal activity imaging and selective photostimulation of neuronal ensembles in freely moving animals. These advancements could allow researchers to interrogate, with cellular precision, functionally relevant neuronal circuits in the framework of naturalistic brain activity. We provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art of imaging and photostimulation in freely moving rodents and present a road map for future optical and engineering developments toward miniaturized microscopes that could reach beyond the currently existing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - François G C Blot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Nicolò Accanto
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
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2
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Ding P, Wahn H, Chen FD, Li J, Mu X, Stalmashonak A, Luo X, Lo GQ, Poon JKS, Sacher WD. Photonic neural probe enabled microendoscopes for light-sheet light-field computational fluorescence brain imaging. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:S11503. [PMID: 38322247 PMCID: PMC10846542 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.s1.s11503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Significance Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy is widely used for high-speed, high-contrast, volumetric imaging. Application of this technique to in vivo brain imaging in non-transparent organisms has been limited by the geometric constraints of conventional light-sheet microscopes, which require orthogonal fluorescence excitation and collection objectives. We have recently demonstrated implantable photonic neural probes that emit addressable light sheets at depth in brain tissue, miniaturizing the excitation optics. Here, we propose a microendoscope consisting of a light-sheet neural probe packaged together with miniaturized fluorescence collection optics based on an image fiber bundle for lensless, light-field, computational fluorescence imaging. Aim Foundry-fabricated, silicon-based, light-sheet neural probes can be packaged together with commercially available image fiber bundles to form microendoscopes for light-sheet light-field fluorescence imaging at depth in brain tissue. Approach Prototype microendoscopes were developed using light-sheet neural probes with five addressable sheets and image fiber bundles. Fluorescence imaging with the microendoscopes was tested with fluorescent beads suspended in agarose and fixed mouse brain tissue. Results Volumetric light-sheet light-field fluorescence imaging was demonstrated using the microendoscopes. Increased imaging depth and enhanced reconstruction accuracy were observed relative to epi-illumination light-field imaging using only a fiber bundle. Conclusions Our work offers a solution toward volumetric fluorescence imaging of brain tissue with a compact size and high contrast. The proof-of-concept demonstrations herein illustrate the operating principles and methods of the imaging approach, providing a foundation for future investigations of photonic neural probe enabled microendoscopes for deep-brain fluorescence imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisheng Ding
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
- University of Toronto, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hannes Wahn
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
| | - Fu-Der Chen
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
- University of Toronto, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Max Planck-University of Toronto Centre for Neural Science and Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
- Max Planck-University of Toronto Centre for Neural Science and Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xin Mu
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
- University of Toronto, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Max Planck-University of Toronto Centre for Neural Science and Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Joyce K. S. Poon
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
- University of Toronto, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Max Planck-University of Toronto Centre for Neural Science and Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wesley D. Sacher
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
- Max Planck-University of Toronto Centre for Neural Science and Technology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Sims RR, Bendifallah I, Grimm C, Lafirdeen ASM, Domínguez S, Chan CY, Lu X, Forget BC, St-Pierre F, Papagiakoumou E, Emiliani V. Scanless two-photon voltage imaging. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5095. [PMID: 38876987 PMCID: PMC11178882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-photon voltage imaging has long been heralded as a transformative approach capable of answering many long-standing questions in modern neuroscience. However, exploiting its full potential requires the development of novel imaging approaches well suited to the photophysical properties of genetically encoded voltage indicators. We demonstrate that parallel excitation approaches developed for scanless two-photon photostimulation enable high-SNR two-photon voltage imaging. We use whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology to perform a thorough characterization of scanless two-photon voltage imaging using three parallel illumination approaches and lasers with different repetition rates and wavelengths. We demonstrate voltage recordings of high-frequency spike trains and sub-threshold depolarizations from neurons expressing the soma-targeted genetically encoded voltage indicator JEDI-2P-Kv. Using a low repetition-rate laser, we perform multi-cell recordings from up to fifteen targets simultaneously. We co-express JEDI-2P-Kv and the channelrhodopsin ChroME-ST and capitalize on their overlapping two-photon absorption spectra to simultaneously evoke and image action potentials using a single laser source. We also demonstrate in vivo scanless two-photon imaging of multiple cells simultaneously up to 250 µm deep in the barrel cortex of head-fixed, anaesthetised mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth R Sims
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Imane Bendifallah
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Christiane Grimm
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Soledad Domínguez
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Chung Yuen Chan
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Systems, Synthetic, and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benoît C Forget
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - François St-Pierre
- Systems, Synthetic, and Physical Biology Program, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Valentina Emiliani
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France.
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4
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Latypova AA, Yaremenko AV, Pechnikova NA, Minin AS, Zubarev IV. Magnetogenetics as a promising tool for controlling cellular signaling pathways. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:327. [PMID: 38858689 PMCID: PMC11163773 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnetogenetics emerges as a transformative approach for modulating cellular signaling pathways through the strategic application of magnetic fields and nanoparticles. This technique leverages the unique properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to induce mechanical or thermal stimuli within cells, facilitating the activation of mechano- and thermosensitive proteins without the need for traditional ligand-receptor interactions. Unlike traditional modalities that often require invasive interventions and lack precision in targeting specific cellular functions, magnetogenetics offers a non-invasive alternative with the capacity for deep tissue penetration and the potential for targeting a broad spectrum of cellular processes. This review underscores magnetogenetics' broad applicability, from steering stem cell differentiation to manipulating neuronal activity and immune responses, highlighting its potential in regenerative medicine, neuroscience, and cancer therapy. Furthermore, the review explores the challenges and future directions of magnetogenetics, including the development of genetically programmed magnetic nanoparticles and the integration of magnetic field-sensitive cells for in vivo applications. Magnetogenetics stands at the forefront of cellular manipulation technologies, offering novel insights into cellular signaling and opening new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia A Latypova
- Institute of Future Biophysics, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Alexey V Yaremenko
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece.
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda A Pechnikova
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Artem S Minin
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia
| | - Ilya V Zubarev
- Institute of Future Biophysics, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia.
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Lu Q, Sun Y, Liang Z, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Mei Q. Nano-optogenetics for Disease Therapies. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14123-14144. [PMID: 38768091 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Optogenetic, known as the method of 21 centuries, combines optic and genetic engineering to precisely control photosensitive proteins for manipulation of a broad range of cellular functions, such as flux of ions, protein oligomerization and dissociation, cellular intercommunication, and so on. In this technique, light is conventionally delivered to targeted cells through optical fibers or micro light-emitting diodes, always suffering from high invasiveness, wide-field illumination facula, strong absorption, and scattering by nontargeted endogenous substance. Light-transducing nanomaterials with advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution, abundant wireless-excitation manners, and easy functionalization for recognition of specific cells, recently have been widely explored in the field of optogenetics; however, there remain a few challenges to restrain its clinical applications. This review summarized recent progress on light-responsive genetically encoded proteins and the myriad of activation strategies by use of light-transducing nanomaterials and their disease-treatment applications, which is expected for sparking helpful thought to push forward its preclinical and translational uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Yaru Sun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Zhengbing Liang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Qingsong Mei
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
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Rienmuller T, Shrestha N, Polz M, Stoppacher S, Ziesel D, Migliaccio L, Pelzmann B, Lang P, Zorn-Pauly K, Langthaler S, Opancar A, Baumgartner C, Ucal M, Schindl R, Derek V, Scheruebel S. Shedding Light on Cardiac Excitation: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Native Ca 2+ Channel Activation in Guinea Pig Cardiomyocytes Using Organic Photovoltaic Devices. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2024; 71:1980-1992. [PMID: 38498749 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2024.3358240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the potential of organic electrolytic photocapacitors (OEPCs), an innovative photovoltaic device, in mediating the activation of native voltage-gated Cav1.2 channels (ICa,L) in Guinea pig ventricular cardiomyocytes. METHODS Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were employed to examine light-triggered OEPC mediated ICa,L activation, integrating the channel's kinetic properties into a multicompartment cell model to take intracellular ion concentrations into account. A multidomain model was additionally incorporated to evaluate effects of OEPC-mediated stimulation. The final model combines external stimulation, multicompartmental cell simulation, and a patch-clamp amplifier equivalent circuit to assess the impact on achievable intracellular voltage changes. RESULTS Light pulses activated ICa,L, with amplitudes similar to voltage-clamp activation and high sensitivity to the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, nifedipine. Light-triggered ICa,L inactivation exhibited kinetic parameters comparable to voltage-induced inactivation. CONCLUSION OEPC-mediated activation of ICa,L demonstrates their potential for nongenetic optical modulation of cellular physiology potentially paving the way for the development of innovative therapies in cardiovascular health. The integrated model proves the light-mediated activation of ICa,L and advances the understanding of the interplay between the patch-clamp amplifier and external stimulation devices. SIGNIFICANCE Treating cardiac conduction disorders by minimal-invasive means without genetic modifications could advance therapeutic approaches increasing patients' quality of life compared with conventional methods employing electronic devices.
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Baek J, Kumar S, Schaffer DV. Dynamic light-responsive RhoA activity regulates mechanosensitive stem cell fate decision in 3D matrices. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 160:213836. [PMID: 38599042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The behavior of stem cells is regulated by mechanical cues in their niche that continuously vary due to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, pulsated mechanical stress exerted by blood flow, and/or cell migration. However, it is still unclear how dynamics of mechanical cues influence stem cell lineage commitment, especially in a 3D microenvironment where mechanosensing differs from that in a 2D microenvironment. In the present study, we investigated how temporally varying mechanical signaling regulates expression of the early growth response 1 gene (Egr1), which we recently discovered to be a 3D matrix-specific mediator of mechanosensitive neural stem cell (NSC) lineage commitment. Specifically, we temporally controlled the activity of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), which is known to have a central role in mechanotransduction, using our previously developed Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome-2-based optoactivation system. Interestingly, pulsed RhoA activation induced Egr1 upregulation in stiff 3D gels only, whereas static light stimulation induced an increase in Egr1 expression across a wide range of 3D gel stiffnesses. Actin assembly inhibition limited Egr1 upregulation upon RhoA activation, implying that RhoA signaling requires an actin-involved process to upregulate Egr1. Consistently, static-light RhoA activation rather than pulsed-light activation restricted neurogenesis in soft gels. Our findings indicate that the dynamics of RhoA activation influence Egr1-mediated stem cell fate within 3D matrices in a matrix stiffness-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieung Baek
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - David V Schaffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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8
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Wietek J, Nozownik A, Pulin M, Saraf-Sinik I, Matosevich N, Gowrishankar R, Gat A, Malan D, Brown BJ, Dine J, Imambocus BN, Levy R, Sauter K, Litvin A, Regev N, Subramaniam S, Abrera K, Summarli D, Goren EM, Mizrachi G, Bitton E, Benjamin A, Copits BA, Sasse P, Rost BR, Schmitz D, Bruchas MR, Soba P, Oren-Suissa M, Nir Y, Wiegert JS, Yizhar O. A bistable inhibitory optoGPCR for multiplexed optogenetic control of neural circuits. Nat Methods 2024:10.1038/s41592-024-02285-8. [PMID: 38811857 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Information is transmitted between brain regions through the release of neurotransmitters from long-range projecting axons. Understanding how the activity of such long-range connections contributes to behavior requires efficient methods for reversibly manipulating their function. Chemogenetic and optogenetic tools, acting through endogenous G-protein-coupled receptor pathways, can be used to modulate synaptic transmission, but existing tools are limited in sensitivity, spatiotemporal precision or spectral multiplexing capabilities. Here we systematically evaluated multiple bistable opsins for optogenetic applications and found that the Platynereis dumerilii ciliary opsin (PdCO) is an efficient, versatile, light-activated bistable G-protein-coupled receptor that can suppress synaptic transmission in mammalian neurons with high temporal precision in vivo. PdCO has useful biophysical properties that enable spectral multiplexing with other optogenetic actuators and reporters. We demonstrate that PdCO can be used to conduct reversible loss-of-function experiments in long-range projections of behaving animals, thereby enabling detailed synapse-specific functional circuit mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wietek
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Adrianna Nozownik
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Paris Brain Institute, Institut du Cerveau (ICM), CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Pulin
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Sensory Processing, Brain Mind Institute, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Inbar Saraf-Sinik
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Matosevich
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raajaram Gowrishankar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Excellence in the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asaf Gat
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniela Malan
- Institut für Physiologie I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bobbie J Brown
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julien Dine
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; CNS Diseases, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | | | - Rivka Levy
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Anna Litvin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Regev
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Suraj Subramaniam
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Khalid Abrera
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dustin Summarli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eva Madeline Goren
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gili Mizrachi
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eyal Bitton
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Asaf Benjamin
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bryan A Copits
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institut für Physiologie I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin R Rost
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Neuroscience Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Excellence in the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Peter Soba
- LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Meital Oren-Suissa
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuval Nir
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Simon Wiegert
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Hamburg, Germany
- MCTN, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Nakashima A, Takeuchi H. Shaping the olfactory map: cell type-specific activity patterns guide circuit formation. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 18:1409680. [PMID: 38860141 PMCID: PMC11163119 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2024.1409680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain constructs spatially organized sensory maps to represent sensory information. The formation of sensory maps has traditionally been thought to depend on synchronous neuronal activity. However, recent evidence from the olfactory system suggests that cell type-specific temporal patterns of spontaneous activity play an instructive role in shaping the olfactory glomerular map. These findings challenge traditional views and highlight the importance of investigating the spatiotemporal dynamics of neural activity to understand the development of complex neural circuits. This review discusses the implications of new findings in the olfactory system and outlines future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Nakashima
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Takeuchi
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Vinograd A, Nair A, Linderman SW, Anderson DJ. Intrinsic Dynamics and Neural Implementation of a Hypothalamic Line Attractor Encoding an Internal Behavioral State. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.21.595051. [PMID: 38826298 PMCID: PMC11142118 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.595051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Line attractors are emergent population dynamics hypothesized to encode continuous variables such as head direction and internal states. In mammals, direct evidence of neural implementation of a line attractor has been hindered by the challenge of targeting perturbations to specific neurons within contributing ensembles. Estrogen receptor type 1 (Esr1)-expressing neurons in the ventrolateral subdivision of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) show line attractor dynamics in male mice during fighting. We hypothesized that these dynamics may encode continuous variation in the intensity of an internal aggressive state. Here, we report that these neurons also show line attractor dynamics in head-fixed mice observing aggression. We exploit this finding to identify and perturb line attractor-contributing neurons using 2-photon calcium imaging and holographic optogenetic perturbations. On-manifold perturbations demonstrate that integration and persistent activity are intrinsic properties of these neurons which drive the system along the line attractor, while transient off-manifold perturbations reveal rapid relaxation back into the attractor. Furthermore, stimulation and imaging reveal selective functional connectivity among attractor-contributing neurons. Intriguingly, individual differences among mice in line attractor stability were correlated with the degree of functional connectivity among contributing neurons. Mechanistic modelling indicates that dense subnetwork connectivity and slow neurotransmission are required to explain our empirical findings. Our work bridges circuit and manifold paradigms, shedding light on the intrinsic and operational dynamics of a behaviorally relevant mammalian line attractor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Vinograd
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, USA
- Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience Caltech; Pasadena, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, USA
| | - Aditya Nair
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, USA
- Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience Caltech; Pasadena, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, USA
| | - Scott W. Linderman
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - David J. Anderson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology; Pasadena, USA
- Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience Caltech; Pasadena, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chevy Chase, USA
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11
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Bansal H, Pyari G, Roy S. Theoretical prediction of broadband ambient light optogenetic vision restoration with ChRmine and its mutants. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11642. [PMID: 38773346 PMCID: PMC11109128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Vision restoration is one of the most promising applications of optogenetics. However, it is limited due to the poor-sensitivity, slow-kinetics and narrow band absorption spectra of opsins. Here, a detailed theoretical study of retinal ganglion neurons (RGNs) expressed with ChRmine, ReaChR, CoChR, CatCh and their mutants, with near monochromatic LEDs, and broadband sunlight, halogen lamp, RGB LED light, and pure white light sources has been presented. All the opsins exhibit improved light sensitivity and larger photocurrent on illuminating with broadband light sources compared to narrow band LEDs. ChRmine allows firing at ambient sunlight (1.5 nW/mm2) and pure white light (1.2 nW/mm2), which is lowest among the opsins considered. The broadband activation spectrum of ChRmine and its mutants is also useful to restore color sensitivity. Although ChRmine exhibits slower turn-off kinetics with broadband light, high-fidelity spikes can be evoked upto 50 Hz. This limit extends upto 80 Hz with the improved hsChRmine mutant although it requires double the irradiance compared to ChRmine. The present study shows that ChRmine and its mutants allow activation of RGNs with ambient light which is useful for goggle-free white light optogenetic retinal prostheses with improved quality of restored vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Bansal
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Gur Pyari
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Sukhdev Roy
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, 282005, India.
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12
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Spreen A, Alkhoury D, Walter H, Müller S. Optogenetic behavioral studies in depression research: A systematic review. iScience 2024; 27:109776. [PMID: 38726370 PMCID: PMC11079475 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics has made substantial contributions to our understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of depression. This systematic review employs quantitative analysis to investigate the impact of optogenetic stimulation in mice and rats on behavioral alterations in social interaction, sucrose consumption, and mobility. The review analyses optogenetic behavioral studies using standardized behavioral tests to detect behavioral changes induced via optogenetic stimulation in stressed or stress-naive mice and rats. Behavioral changes were evaluated as either positive, negative, or not effective. The analysis comprises the outcomes of 248 behavioral tests of 168 studies described in 37 articles, including negative and null results. Test outcomes were compared for each behavior, depending on the animal cohort, applied type of stimulation and the stimulated neuronal circuit and cell type. The presented synthesis contributes toward a comprehensive picture of optogenetic behavioral research in the context of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Spreen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental Biophysics, Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dana Alkhoury
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Müller
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, CCM, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Guo R, Spyropoulos F, Michel T. FRBM Mini REVIEW: Chemogenetic approaches to probe redox dysregulation in heart failure. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 217:173-178. [PMID: 38565399 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Chemogenetics refers to experimental methods that use novel recombinant proteins that can be dynamically and uniquely regulated by specific biochemicals. Chemogenetic approaches allow the precise manipulation of cellular signaling to delineate the molecular pathways involved in both physiological and pathological disease states. Approaches utilizing yeast d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) enable manipulation of intracellular redox metabolism through generation of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of d-amino acids and have led to the development of new and informative animal models to characterize the impact of oxidative stress in heart failure and neurodegeneration. These chemogenetic models, in which DAAO expression is regulated by different tissue-specific promoters, have led to a range of cardiac phenotypes. This review discusses chemogenetic approaches to manipulate oxidative stress in models of heart failure. These approaches provide new insights into the relationships between redox metabolism and normal and pathologic states in the heart, as well as in other diseases characterized by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Guo
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02115, USA
| | - Fotios Spyropoulos
- Newborn Medicine Division, Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Michel
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 02115, USA.
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14
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Li X, Zhu H, Gu B, Yao C, Gu Y, Xu W, Zhang J, He J, Liu X, Li D. Advancing Intelligent Organ-on-a-Chip Systems with Comprehensive In Situ Bioanalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305268. [PMID: 37688520 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models are essential to a broad range of biomedical research, such as pathological studies, drug development, and personalized medicine. As a potentially transformative paradigm for 3D in vitro models, organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology has been extensively developed to recapitulate sophisticated architectures and dynamic microenvironments of human organs by applying the principles of life sciences and leveraging micro- and nanoscale engineering capabilities. A pivotal function of OOC devices is to support multifaceted and timely characterization of cultured cells and their microenvironments. However, in-depth analysis of OOC models typically requires biomedical assay procedures that are labor-intensive and interruptive. Herein, the latest advances toward intelligent OOC (iOOC) systems, where sensors integrated with OOC devices continuously report cellular and microenvironmental information for comprehensive in situ bioanalysis, are examined. It is proposed that the multimodal data in iOOC systems can support closed-loop control of the in vitro models and offer holistic biomedical insights for diverse applications. Essential techniques for establishing iOOC systems are surveyed, encompassing in situ sensing, data processing, and dynamic modulation. Eventually, the future development of iOOC systems featuring cross-disciplinary strategies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Bingsong Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Cong Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yuyang Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wangkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Dichen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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15
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Chan ICW, Chen N, Hernandez J, Meltzer H, Park A, Stahl A. Future avenues in Drosophila mushroom body research. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053863. [PMID: 38862172 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053863.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
How does the brain translate sensory information into complex behaviors? With relatively small neuronal numbers, readable behavioral outputs, and an unparalleled genetic toolkit, the Drosophila mushroom body (MB) offers an excellent model to address this question in the context of associative learning and memory. Recent technological breakthroughs, such as the freshly completed full-brain connectome, multiomics approaches, CRISPR-mediated gene editing, and machine learning techniques, led to major advancements in our understanding of the MB circuit at the molecular, structural, physiological, and functional levels. Despite significant progress in individual MB areas, the field still faces the fundamental challenge of resolving how these different levels combine and interact to ultimately control the behavior of an individual fly. In this review, we discuss various aspects of MB research, with a focus on the current knowledge gaps, and an outlook on the future methodological developments required to reach an overall view of the neurobiological basis of learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Chi Wai Chan
- Dynamics of Neuronal Circuits Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Developmental Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nannan Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - John Hernandez
- Neuroscience Department, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02906, USA
| | - Hagar Meltzer
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Annie Park
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Stahl
- Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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16
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Youssef KK, Nieto MA. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tissue repair and degeneration. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00733-z. [PMID: 38684869 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) are the epitome of cell plasticity in embryonic development and cancer; during EMT, epithelial cells undergo dramatic phenotypic changes and become able to migrate to form different tissues or give rise to metastases, respectively. The importance of EMTs in other contexts, such as tissue repair and fibrosis in the adult, has become increasingly recognized and studied. In this Review, we discuss the function of EMT in the adult after tissue damage and compare features of embryonic and adult EMT. Whereas sustained EMT leads to adult tissue degeneration, fibrosis and organ failure, its transient activation, which confers phenotypic and functional plasticity on somatic cells, promotes tissue repair after damage. Understanding the mechanisms and temporal regulation of different EMTs provides insight into how some tissues heal and has the potential to open new therapeutic avenues to promote repair or regeneration of tissue damage that is currently irreversible. We also discuss therapeutic strategies that modulate EMT that hold clinical promise in ameliorating fibrosis, and how precise EMT activation could be harnessed to enhance tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Angela Nieto
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Fröhlich M, Söllner J, Derler I. Insights into the dynamics of the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel pore-forming complex Orai1. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:747-760. [PMID: 38526208 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
An important calcium (Ca2+) entry pathway into the cell is the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel, which controls a series of downstream signaling events such as gene transcription, secretion and proliferation. It is composed of a Ca2+ sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the stromal interaction molecule (STIM), and the Ca2+ ion channel Orai in the plasma membrane (PM). Their activation is initiated by receptor-ligand binding at the PM, which triggers a signaling cascade within the cell that ultimately causes store depletion. The decrease in ER-luminal Ca2+ is sensed by STIM1, which undergoes structural rearrangements that lead to coupling with Orai1 and its activation. In this review, we highlight the current understanding of the Orai1 pore opening mechanism. In this context, we also point out the questions that remain unanswered and how these can be addressed by the currently emerging genetic code expansion (GCE) technology. GCE enables the incorporation of non-canonical amino acids with novel properties, such as light-sensitivity, and has the potential to provide novel insights into the structure/function relationship of CRAC channels at a single amino acid level in the living cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Fröhlich
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Julia Söllner
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria
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18
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Dani S, Schütz K, Dikici E, Bernhardt A, Lode A. The effect of continuous long-term illumination with visible light in different spectral ranges on mammalian cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9444. [PMID: 38658667 PMCID: PMC11043379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is to ensure oxygen supply of cells in the (temporary) absence of vasculature. With the vision to exploit photosynthetic oxygen production by microalgae, co-cultivated in close vicinity to oxygen-consuming mammalian cells, we are searching for culture conditions that are compatible for both sides. Herein, we investigated the impact of long-term illumination on mammalian cells which is essential to enable photosynthesis by microalgae: four different cell types-primary human fibroblasts, dental pulp stem cells, and osteoblasts as well as the murine beta-cell line INS-1-were continuously exposed to warm white light, red or blue light over seven days. We observed that illumination with red light has no adverse effects on viability, metabolic activity and growth of the cells whereas exposure to white light has deleterious effects that can be attributed to its blue light portion. Quantification of intracellular glutathione did not reveal a clear correlation of this effect with an enhanced production of reactive oxygen species. Finally, our data indicate that the cytotoxic effect of short-wavelength light is predominantly a direct effect of cell illumination; photo-induced changes in the cell culture media play only a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Dani
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ezgi Dikici
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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19
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Ott S, Xu S, Lee N, Hong I, Anns J, Suresh DD, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Harion R, Ye W, Chandramouli V, Jesuthasan S, Saheki Y, Claridge-Chang A. Kalium channelrhodopsins effectively inhibit neurons. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3480. [PMID: 38658537 PMCID: PMC11043423 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47203-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The analysis of neural circuits has been revolutionized by optogenetic methods. Light-gated chloride-conducting anion channelrhodopsins (ACRs)-recently emerged as powerful neuron inhibitors. For cells or sub-neuronal compartments with high intracellular chloride concentrations, however, a chloride conductance can have instead an activating effect. The recently discovered light-gated, potassium-conducting, kalium channelrhodopsins (KCRs) might serve as an alternative in these situations, with potentially broad application. As yet, KCRs have not been shown to confer potent inhibitory effects in small genetically tractable animals. Here, we evaluated the utility of KCRs to suppress behavior and inhibit neural activity in Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, and zebrafish. In direct comparisons with ACR1, a KCR1 variant with enhanced plasma-membrane trafficking displayed comparable potency, but with improved properties that include reduced toxicity and superior efficacy in putative high-chloride cells. This comparative analysis of behavioral inhibition between chloride- and potassium-selective silencing tools establishes KCRs as next-generation optogenetic inhibitors for in vivo circuit analysis in behaving animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Ott
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sangyu Xu
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Lee
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ivan Hong
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Anns
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Danesha Devini Suresh
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xianyuan Zhang
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raihanah Harion
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weiying Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vaishnavi Chandramouli
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suresh Jesuthasan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yasunori Saheki
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adam Claridge-Chang
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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20
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Xu S, Xiao X, Manshaii F, Chen J. Injectable Fluorescent Neural Interfaces for Cell-Specific Stimulating and Imaging. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38606614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Building on current explorations in chronic optical neural interfaces, it is essential to address the risk of photothermal damage in traditional optogenetics. By focusing on calcium fluorescence for imaging rather than stimulation, injectable fluorescent neural interfaces significantly minimize photothermal damage and improve the accuracy of neuronal imaging. Key advancements including the use of injectable microelectronics for targeted electrical stimulation and their integration with cell-specific genetically encoded calcium indicators have been discussed. These injectable electronics that allow for post-treatment retrieval offer a minimally invasive solution, enhancing both usability and reliability. Furthermore, the integration of genetically encoded fluorescent calcium indicators with injectable bioelectronics enables precise neuronal recording and imaging of individual neurons. This shift not only minimizes risks such as photothermal conversion but also boosts safety, specificity, and effectiveness of neural imaging. Embracing these advancements represents a significant leap forward in biomedical engineering and neuroscience, paving the way for advanced brain-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumao Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Farid Manshaii
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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21
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Vlasova AD, Bukhalovich SM, Bagaeva DF, Polyakova AP, Ilyinsky NS, Nesterov SV, Tsybrov FM, Bogorodskiy AO, Zinovev EV, Mikhailov AE, Vlasov AV, Kuklin AI, Borshchevskiy VI, Bamberg E, Uversky VN, Gordeliy VI. Intracellular microbial rhodopsin-based optogenetics to control metabolism and cell signaling. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3327-3349. [PMID: 38391026 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00699a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Microbial rhodopsin (MRs) ion channels and pumps have become invaluable optogenetic tools for neuroscience as well as biomedical applications. Recently, MR-optogenetics expanded towards subcellular organelles opening principally new opportunities in optogenetic control of intracellular metabolism and signaling via precise manipulations of organelle ion gradients using light. This new optogenetic field expands the opportunities for basic and medical studies of cancer, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders, providing more detailed and accurate control of cell physiology. This review summarizes recent advances in studies of the cellular metabolic processes and signaling mediated by optogenetic tools targeting mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, and synaptic vesicles. Finally, we discuss perspectives of such an optogenetic approach in both fundamental and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia D Vlasova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Siarhei M Bukhalovich
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Diana F Bagaeva
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Aleksandra P Polyakova
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Nikolay S Ilyinsky
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Semen V Nesterov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Fedor M Tsybrov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Andrey O Bogorodskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Egor V Zinovev
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Anatolii E Mikhailov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexey V Vlasov
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - Alexander I Kuklin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - Valentin I Borshchevskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - Ernst Bamberg
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Valentin I Gordeliy
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel, Université Grenoble Alpes-Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives-CNRS, 38027 Grenoble, France.
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22
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Wang X, Kang L, Kong D, Wu X, Zhou Y, Yu G, Dai D, Ye H. A programmable protease-based protein secretion platform for therapeutic applications. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:432-442. [PMID: 37872400 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01433-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies represent potent enabling technologies in biomedical science. However, current genetic control systems for engineered-cell therapies are predominantly based on the transcription or translation of therapeutic outputs. Here we report a protease-based rapid protein secretion system (PASS) that regulates the secretion of pretranslated proteins retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) owing to an ER-retrieval signal. Upon cleavage by inducible proteases, these proteins are secreted. Three PASS variants (chemPASS, antigenPASS and optoPASS) are developed. With chemPASS, we demonstrate the reversal of hyperglycemia in diabetic mice within minutes via drug-induced insulin secretion. AntigenPASS-equipped cells recognize the tumor antigen and secrete granzyme B and perforin, inducing targeted cell apoptosis. Finally, results from mouse models of diabetes, hypertension and inflammatory pain demonstrate light-induced, optoPASS-mediated therapeutic peptide secretion within minutes, conferring anticipated therapeutic benefits. PASS is a flexible platform for rapid delivery of therapeutic proteins that can facilitate the development and adoption of cell-based precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Kang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deqiang Kong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Wuhu Hospital, Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Wuhu City, China
| | - Guiling Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Dai
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Su K, Vázquez O. Enlightening epigenetics: optochemical tools illuminate the path. Trends Biochem Sci 2024; 49:290-304. [PMID: 38350805 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Optochemical tools have become potent instruments for understanding biological processes at the molecular level, and the past decade has witnessed their use in epigenetics and epitranscriptomics (also known as RNA epigenetics) for deciphering gene expression regulation. By using photoresponsive molecules such as photoswitches and photocages, researchers can achieve precise control over when and where specific events occur. Therefore, these are invaluable for studying both histone and nucleotide modifications and exploring disease-related mechanisms. We systematically report and assess current examples in the field, and identify open challenges and future directions. These outstanding proof-of-concept investigations will inspire other chemical biologists to participate in these emerging fields given the potential of photochromic molecules in research and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marburg D-35043, Germany
| | - Olalla Vázquez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marburg D-35043, Germany; Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), University of Marburg, Marburg D-35043, Germany.
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24
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Huang L, Han G. Triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion-mediated photochemical reactions. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:238-255. [PMID: 38514833 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00585-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Photon upconversion is a method for harnessing high-energy excited states from low-energy photons. Such photons, particularly in the red and near-infrared wavelength ranges, can penetrate tissue deeply and undergo less competitive absorption in coloured reaction media, enhancing the efficiency of large-scale reactions and in vivo phototherapy. Among various upconversion methodologies, the organic-based triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) stands out - demonstrating high upconversion efficiencies, requiring low excitation power densities and featuring tunable absorption and emission wavelengths. These factors contribute to improved photochemical reactions for fields such as photoredox catalysis, photoactivation, 3D printing and immunotherapy. In this Review, we explore concepts and design principles of organic TTA-UC-mediated photochemical reactions, highlighting notable advancements in the field, as well as identify challenges and propose potential solutions. This Review sheds light on the potential of organic TTA-UC to advance beyond the traditional photochemical reactions and paves the way for research in various fields and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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25
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Lorca-Cámara A, Tourain C, de Sars V, Emiliani V, Accanto N. Multicolor two-photon light-patterning microscope exploiting the spatio-temporal properties of a fiber bundle. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:2094-2109. [PMID: 38633065 PMCID: PMC11019707 DOI: 10.1364/boe.507690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The development of efficient genetically encoded indicators and actuators has opened up the possibility of reading and manipulating neuronal activity in living tissues with light. To achieve precise and reconfigurable targeting of large numbers of neurons with single-cell resolution within arbitrary volumes, different groups have recently developed all-optical strategies based on two-photon excitation and spatio-temporal shaping of ultrashort laser pulses. However, such techniques are often complex to set up and typically operate at a single wavelength only. To address these issues, we have developed a novel optical approach that uses a fiber bundle and a spatial light modulator to achieve simple and dual-color two-photon light patterning in three dimensions. By leveraging the core-to-core temporal delay and the wavelength-independent divergence characteristics of fiber bundles, we have demonstrated the capacity to generate high-resolution excitation spots in a 3D region with two distinct laser wavelengths simultaneously, offering a suitable and simple alternative for precise multicolor cell targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Tourain
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Vincent de Sars
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Nicolò Accanto
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
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26
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McAlinden N, Reiche CF, Clark AM, Scharf R, Cheng Y, Sharma R, Rieth L, Dawson MD, Angelucci A, Mathieson K, Blair S. In vivo optogenetics using a Utah Optrode Array with enhanced light output and spatial selectivity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585479. [PMID: 38562871 PMCID: PMC10983961 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Optogenetics allows manipulation of neural circuits in vivo with high spatial and temporal precision. However, combining this precision with control over a significant portion of the brain is technologically challenging (especially in larger animal models). Here, we have developed, optimised, and tested in vivo, the Utah Optrode Array (UOA), an electrically addressable array of optical needles and interstitial sites illuminated by 181 µLEDs and used to optogenetically stimulate the brain. The device is specifically designed for non-human primate studies. Thinning the combined µLED and needle backplane of the device from 300 µm to 230 µm improved the efficiency of light delivery to tissue by 80%, allowing lower µLED drive currents, which improved power management and thermal performance. The spatial selectivity of each site was also improved by integrating an optical interposer to reduce stray light emission. These improvements were achieved using an innovative fabrication method to create an anodically bonded glass/silicon substrate with through-silicon vias etched, forming an optical interposer. Optical modelling was used to demonstrate that the tip structure of the device had a major influence on the illumination pattern. The thermal performance was evaluated through a combination of modelling and experiment, in order to ensure that cortical tissue temperatures did not rise by more than 1°C. The device was tested in vivo in the visual cortex of macaque expressing ChR2-tdTomato in cortical neurons. It was shown that the strongest optogenetic response occurred in the region surrounding the needle tips, and that the extent of the optogenetic response matched the predicted illumination profile based on optical modelling - demonstrating the improved spatial selectivity resulting from the optical interposer approach. Furthermore, different needle illumination sites generated different patterns of low-frequency potential (LFP) activity.
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27
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Cho YU, Lee JY, Yu KJ. Integration of in vivo electrophysiology and optogenetics in rodents with PEDOT:PSS neural electrode array. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102909. [PMID: 38427565 PMCID: PMC10918330 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol for the fabrication of transparent implantable electrode arrays for integrating optogenetics and electrophysiology. We describe steps for fabricating microelectrodes using the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate). We then detail procedures for analyzing performance of the electrodes and recording light-evoked neural activities from the transgenic mouse. This protocol utilizes photolithography rather than conventional electrodeposition. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cho et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Uk Cho
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jun Yu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, YU-KIST Institute, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemungu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Hong J, Sohn KC, Park HW, Jeon H, Ju E, Lee JG, Lee JS, Rho J, Hur GM, Ro H. All-in-one IQ toggle switches with high versatilities for fine-tuning of transgene expression in mammalian cells and tissues. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101202. [PMID: 38374964 PMCID: PMC10875299 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The transgene toggling device is recognized as a powerful tool for gene- and cell-based biological research and precision medicine. However, many of these devices often operate in binary mode, exhibit unacceptable leakiness, suffer from transgene silencing, show cytotoxicity, and have low potency. Here, we present a novel transgene switch, SIQ, wherein all the elements for gene toggling are packed into a single vector. SIQ has superior potency in inducing transgene expression in response to tebufenozide compared with the Gal4/UAS system, while completely avoiding transgene leakiness. Additionally, the ease and versatility of SIQ make it possible with a single construct to perform transient transfection, establish stable cell lines by targeting a predetermined genomic locus, and simultaneously produce adenovirus for transduction into cells and mammalian tissues. Furthermore, we integrated a cumate switch into SIQ, called SIQmate, to operate a Boolean AND logic gate, enabling swift toggling-off of the transgene after the removal of chemical inducers, tebufenozide and cumate. Both SIQ and SIQmate offer precise transgene toggling, making them adjustable for various researches, including synthetic biology, genome engineering, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongkwan Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea (ROK)
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301 747, Korea (ROK)
| | - Hye-Won Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea (ROK)
| | - Hyoeun Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea (ROK)
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301 747, Korea (ROK)
| | - Jae-Geun Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, KRIBB, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea (ROK)
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301 747, Korea (ROK)
| | - Hyunju Ro
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea (ROK)
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29
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Simpson EH, Akam T, Patriarchi T, Blanco-Pozo M, Burgeno LM, Mohebi A, Cragg SJ, Walton ME. Lights, fiber, action! A primer on in vivo fiber photometry. Neuron 2024; 112:718-739. [PMID: 38103545 PMCID: PMC10939905 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Fiber photometry is a key technique for characterizing brain-behavior relationships in vivo. Initially, it was primarily used to report calcium dynamics as a proxy for neural activity via genetically encoded indicators. This generated new insights into brain functions including movement, memory, and motivation at the level of defined circuits and cell types. Recently, the opportunity for discovery with fiber photometry has exploded with the development of an extensive range of fluorescent sensors for biomolecules including neuromodulators and peptides that were previously inaccessible in vivo. This critical advance, combined with the new availability of affordable "plug-and-play" recording systems, has made monitoring molecules with high spatiotemporal precision during behavior highly accessible. However, while opening exciting new avenues for research, the rapid expansion in fiber photometry applications has occurred without coordination or consensus on best practices. Here, we provide a comprehensive guide to help end-users execute, analyze, and suitably interpret fiber photometry studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor H Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Thomas Akam
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Tommaso Patriarchi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zürich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Marta Blanco-Pozo
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lauren M Burgeno
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ali Mohebi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie J Cragg
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Mark E Walton
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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30
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Nozdriukhin D, Kalva SK, Özsoy C, Reiss M, Li W, Razansky D, Deán‐Ben XL. Multi-Scale Volumetric Dynamic Optoacoustic and Laser Ultrasound (OPLUS) Imaging Enabled by Semi-Transparent Optical Guidance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306087. [PMID: 38115760 PMCID: PMC10953719 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Major biological discoveries are made by interrogating living organisms with light. However, the limited penetration of un-scattered photons within biological tissues limits the depth range covered by optical methods. Deep-tissue imaging is achieved by combining light and ultrasound. Optoacoustic imaging exploits the optical generation of ultrasound to render high-resolution images at depths unattainable with optical microscopy. Recently, laser ultrasound has been suggested as a means of generating broadband acoustic waves for high-resolution pulse-echo ultrasound imaging. Herein, an approach is proposed to simultaneously interrogate biological tissues with light and ultrasound based on layer-by-layer coating of silica optical fibers with a controlled degree of transparency. The time separation between optoacoustic and ultrasound signals collected with a custom-made spherical array transducer is exploited for simultaneous 3D optoacoustic and laser ultrasound (OPLUS) imaging with a single laser pulse. OPLUS is shown to enable large-scale anatomical characterization of tissues along with functional multi-spectral imaging of chromophores and assessment of cardiac dynamics at ultrafast rates only limited by the pulse repetition frequency of the laser. The suggested approach provides a flexible and scalable means for developing a new generation of systems synergistically combining the powerful capabilities of optoacoustics and ultrasound imaging in biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Nozdriukhin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zürich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZürichWolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 27Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Sandeep Kumar Kalva
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zürich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZürichWolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 27Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Cagla Özsoy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zürich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZürichWolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 27Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Michael Reiss
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zürich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZürichWolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 27Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Weiye Li
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zürich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZürichWolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 27Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zürich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZürichWolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 27Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Xosé Luís Deán‐Ben
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zürich8057Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZürichWolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 27Zürich8093Switzerland
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31
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Liao Y, Zhao J, Bian J, Zhang Z, Xu S, Qin Y, Miao S, Li R, Liu R, Zhang M, Zhu W, Liu H, Qu J. From mechanism to application: Decrypting light-regulated denitrifying microbiome through geometric deep learning. IMETA 2024; 3:e162. [PMID: 38868512 PMCID: PMC10989148 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Regulation on denitrifying microbiomes is crucial for sustainable industrial biotechnology and ecological nitrogen cycling. The holistic genetic profiles of microbiomes can be provided by meta-omics. However, precise decryption and further applications of highly complex microbiomes and corresponding meta-omics data sets remain great challenges. Here, we combined optogenetics and geometric deep learning to form a discover-model-learn-advance (DMLA) cycle for denitrification microbiome encryption and regulation. Graph neural networks (GNNs) exhibited superior performance in integrating biological knowledge and identifying coexpression gene panels, which could be utilized to predict unknown phenotypes, elucidate molecular biology mechanisms, and advance biotechnologies. Through the DMLA cycle, we discovered the wavelength-divergent secretion system and nitrate-superoxide coregulation, realizing increasing extracellular protein production by 83.8% and facilitating nitrate removal with 99.9% enhancement. Our study showcased the potential of GNNs-empowered optogenetic approaches for regulating denitrification and accelerating the mechanistic discovery of microbiomes for in-depth research and versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liao
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jing Zhao
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiyong Bian
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Siqi Xu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yijian Qin
- Department of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shiyu Miao
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ruiping Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Electronic and Information EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wenwu Zhu
- Department of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
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32
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Green ES, Chan HY, Frost E, Griffiths M, Hutchison J, Martin JH, Mihalas BP, Newman T, Dunleavy JEM. Recent advances in reproductive research in Australia and New Zealand: highlights from the Annual Meeting of the Society for Reproductive Biology, 2022. Reprod Fertil Dev 2024; 36:RD23213. [PMID: 38346692 DOI: 10.1071/rd23213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2022, the Society for Reproductive Biology came together in Christchurch New Zealand (NZ), for its first face-to-face meeting since the global COVID-19 pandemic. The meeting showcased recent advancements in reproductive research across a diverse range of themes relevant to human health and fertility, exotic species conservation, and agricultural breeding practices. Here, we highlight the key advances presented across the main themes of the meeting, including advances in addressing opportunities and challenges in reproductive health related to First Nations people in Australia and NZ; increasing conservation success of exotic species, including ethical management of invasive species; improvements in our understanding of developmental biology, specifically seminal fluid signalling, ovarian development and effects of environmental impacts such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals; and leveraging scientific breakthroughs in reproductive engineering to drive solutions for fertility, including in assisted reproductive technologies in humans and agricultural industries, and for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella S Green
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hon Y Chan
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emily Frost
- Fertility & Research Centre, Discipline of Women's Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Meaghan Griffiths
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Jennifer Hutchison
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; and Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton Vic., Australia; and Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Jacinta H Martin
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; and Infertility and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Bettina P Mihalas
- The Oocyte Biology Research Unit, Discipline of Women's Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of NSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Trent Newman
- School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Jessica E M Dunleavy
- School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Wang G, Zhou Y, Yu C, Yang Q, Chen L, Ling S, Chen P, Xing J, Wu H, Zhao Q. Intravital photoacoustic brain stimulation with high-precision. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2024; 29:S11520. [PMID: 38333219 PMCID: PMC10851606 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.s1.s11520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Significance Neural regulation at high precision vitally contributes to propelling fundamental understanding in the field of neuroscience and providing innovative clinical treatment options. Recently, photoacoustic brain stimulation has emerged as a cutting-edge method for precise neuromodulation and shows great potential for clinical application. Aim The goal of this perspective is to outline the advancements in photoacoustic brain stimulation in recent years. And, we also provide an outlook delineating several prospective paths through which this burgeoning approach may be substantively refined for augmented capability and wider implementations. Approach First, the mechanisms of photoacoustic generation as well as the potential mechanisms of photoacoustic brain stimulation are provided and discussed. Then, the state-of-the-art achievements corresponding to this technology are reviewed. Finally, future directions for photoacoustic technology in neuromodulation are provided. Results Intensive research endeavors have prompted substantial advancements in photoacoustic brain stimulation, illuminating the unique advantages of this modality for noninvasive and high-precision neuromodulation via a nongenetic way. It is envisaged that further technology optimization and randomized prospective clinical trials will enable a wide acceptance of photoacoustic brain stimulation in clinical practice. Conclusions The innovative practice of photoacoustic technology serves as a multifaceted neuromodulation approach, possessing noninvasive, high-accuracy, and nongenetic characteristics. It has a great potential that could considerably enhance not only the fundamental underpinnings of neuroscience research but also its practical implementations in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxing Wang
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Chunhui Yu
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuting Ling
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiwei Xing
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Huiling Wu
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- Xiamen University, School of Public Health, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen University, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, China
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Wang W, Kevin Tang KW, Pyatnitskiy I, Liu X, Shi X, Huo D, Jeong J, Wynn T, Sangani A, Baker A, Hsieh JC, Lozano AR, Artman B, Fenno L, Buch VP, Wang H. Ultrasound-Induced Cascade Amplification in a Mechanoluminescent Nanotransducer for Enhanced Sono-Optogenetic Deep Brain Stimulation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24936-24946. [PMID: 38096422 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Remote and genetically targeted neuromodulation in the deep brain is important for understanding and treatment of neurological diseases. Ultrasound-triggered mechanoluminescent technology offers a promising approach for achieving remote and genetically targeted brain modulation. However, its application has thus far been limited to shallow brain depths due to challenges related to low sonochemical reaction efficiency and restricted photon yields. Here we report a cascaded mechanoluminescent nanotransducer to achieve efficient light emission upon ultrasound stimulation. As a result, blue light was generated under ultrasound stimulation with a subsecond response latency. Leveraging the high energy transfer efficiency of focused ultrasound in brain tissue and the high sensitivity to ultrasound of these mechanoluminescent nanotransducers, we are able to show efficient photon delivery and activation of ChR2-expressing neurons in both the superficial motor cortex and deep ventral tegmental area after intracranial injection. Our liposome nanotransducers enable minimally invasive deep brain stimulation for behavioral control in animals via a flexible, mechanoluminescent sono-optogenetic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kai Wing Kevin Tang
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ilya Pyatnitskiy
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xi Shi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - David Huo
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jinmo Jeong
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Thomas Wynn
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Arjun Sangani
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Andrew Baker
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ju-Chun Hsieh
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Anakaren Romero Lozano
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brinkley Artman
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Lief Fenno
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Vivek P Buch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94304, United States
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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35
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Nikolaev DM, Shtyrov AA, Vyazmin SY, Vasin AV, Panov MS, Ryazantsev MN. Fluorescence of the Retinal Chromophore in Microbial and Animal Rhodopsins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17269. [PMID: 38139098 PMCID: PMC10743670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence of the vast majority of natural opsin-based photoactive proteins is extremely low, in accordance with their functions that depend on efficient transduction of absorbed light energy. However, several recently proposed classes of engineered rhodopsins with enhanced fluorescence, along with the discovery of a new natural highly fluorescent rhodopsin, NeoR, opened a way to exploit these transmembrane proteins as fluorescent sensors and draw more attention to studies on this untypical rhodopsin property. Here, we review the available data on the fluorescence of the retinal chromophore in microbial and animal rhodopsins and their photocycle intermediates, as well as different isomers of the protonated retinal Schiff base in various solvents and the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii M. Nikolaev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Shtyrov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Yu. Vyazmin
- Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre RAS, Saint Petersburg Academic University, 8/3 Khlopina Street, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Vasin
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29 Polytechnicheskaya Str., 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim S. Panov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Center for Biophysical Studies, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Professor Popov str. 14, lit. A, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail N. Ryazantsev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 26 Universitetskii pr, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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36
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Han JL, Heinson YW, Chua CJ, Liu W, Entcheva E. CRISPRi gene modulation and all-optical electrophysiology in post-differentiated human iPSC-cardiomyocytes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1236. [PMID: 38062109 PMCID: PMC10703822 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncovering gene-phenotype relationships can be enabled by precise gene modulation in human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and follow up phenotyping using scalable all-optical electrophysiology platforms. Such efforts towards human functional genomics can be aided by recent CRISPR-derived technologies for reversible gene inhibition or activation (CRISPRi/a). We set out to characterize the performance of CRISPRi in post-differentiated iPSC-CMs, targeting key cardiac ion channel genes, KCNH2, KCNJ2, and GJA1, and providing a multiparametric quantification of the effects on cardiac repolarization, stability of the resting membrane potential and conduction properties using all-optical tools. More potent CRISPRi effectors, e.g., Zim3, and optimized viral delivery led to improved performance on par with the use of CRISPRi iPSC lines. Confirmed mild yet specific phenotype changes when CRISPRi is deployed in non-dividing differentiated heart cells is an important step towards more holistic pre-clinical cardiotoxicity testing and for future therapeutic use in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie L Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Yuli W Heinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Christianne J Chua
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Emilia Entcheva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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37
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Ohnemus S, Vierock J, Schneider-Warme F. Optogenetics meets physiology. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1369-1373. [PMID: 38047968 PMCID: PMC10730680 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Ohnemus
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Schneider-Warme
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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38
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Joest EF, Tampé R. Design principles for engineering light-controlled antibodies. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:1501-1517. [PMID: 37507295 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Engineered antibodies are essential tools for research and advanced pharmacy. In the development of therapeutics, antibodies are excellent candidates as they offer both target recognition and modulation. Thanks to the latest advances in biotechnology, light-activated antibody fragments can be constructed to control spontaneous antigen interaction with high spatiotemporal precision. To implement conditional antigen binding, several optogenetic and optochemical engineering concepts have recently been developed. Here, we highlight the various strategies and discuss the features of opto-conditional antibodies. Each concept offers intrinsic advantages beneficial to different applications. In summary, the novel design approaches constitute a complementary toolset to promote current and upcoming antibody technologies with ultimate precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike F Joest
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt a.M., Germany.
| | - Robert Tampé
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt a.M., Germany.
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39
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Matsuura K, Inaba H. Photoresponsive peptide materials: Spatiotemporal control of self-assembly and biological functions. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:041303. [PMID: 38505425 PMCID: PMC10903425 DOI: 10.1063/5.0179171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Peptides work as both functional molecules to modulate various biological phenomena and self-assembling artificial materials. The introduction of photoresponsive units to peptides allows the spatiotemporal remote control of their structure and function upon light irradiation. This article overviews the photoresponsive peptide design, interaction with biomolecules, and applications in self-assembling materials over the last 30 years. Peptides modified with photochromic (photoisomerizable) molecules, such as azobenzene and spiropyran, reversibly photo-controlled the binding to biomolecules and nanostructure formation through self-assembly. Photocleavable molecular units irreversibly control the functions of peptides through cleavage of the main chain and deprotection by light. Photocrosslinking between peptides or between peptides and other biomolecules enhances the structural stability of peptide assemblies and complexes. These photoresponsive peptides spatiotemporally controlled the formation and dissociation of peptide assemblies, gene expressions, protein-drug interactions, protein-protein interactions, liposome deformation and motility, cytoskeleton structure and stability, and cell functions by appropriate light irradiation. These molecular systems can be applied to photo-control biological functions, molecular robots, artificial cells, and next-generation smart drug delivery materials.
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40
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Pyari G, Bansal H, Roy S. Optogenetically mediated large volume suppression and synchronized excitation of human ventricular cardiomyocytes. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1479-1503. [PMID: 37415050 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in cardiac optogenetics is to have minimally invasive large volume excitation and suppression for effective cardioversion and treatment of tachycardia. It is important to study the effect of light attenuation on the electrical activity of cells in in vivo cardiac optogenetic experiments. In this computational study, we present a detailed analysis of the effect of light attenuation in different channelrhodopsins (ChRs)-expressing human ventricular cardiomyocytes. The study shows that sustained illumination from the myocardium surface used for suppression, simultaneously results in spurious excitation in deeper tissue regions. Tissue depths of suppressed and excited regions have been determined for different opsin expression levels. It is shown that increasing the expression level by 5-fold enhances the depth of suppressed tissue from 2.24 to 3.73 mm with ChR2(H134R) (ChR2 with a single point mutation at position H134), 3.78 to 5.12 mm with GtACR1 (anion-conducting ChR from cryptophyte algae Guillardia theta) and 6.63 to 9.31 mm with ChRmine (a marine opsin gene from Tiarina fusus). Light attenuation also results in desynchrony in action potentials in different tissue regions under pulsed illumination. It is further shown that gradient-opsin expression not only enables suppression up to the same level of tissue depth but also enables synchronized excitation under pulsed illumination. The study is important for the effective treatment of tachycardia and cardiac pacing and for extending the scale of cardiac optogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gur Pyari
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Himanshu Bansal
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, 282005, India
| | - Sukhdev Roy
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, 282005, India.
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Heinson YW, Han JL, Entcheva E. OptoDyCE-plate as an affordable high throughput imager for all optical cardiac electrophysiology. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2023; 6:100054. [PMID: 38130942 PMCID: PMC10735237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmccpl.2023.100054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple low-cost system for comprehensive functional characterization of cardiac function under spontaneous and paced conditions, in standard 96 and 384-well plates. This full-plate actuator/imager, OptoDyCE-plate, uses optogenetic stimulation and optical readouts of voltage and calcium (parallel recordings from up to 100 wells in 384-well plates are demonstrated). The system is validated with syncytia of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes, iPSC-CMs, grown as monolayers, or in quasi-3D isotropic and anisotropic constructs using electrospun matrices, in 96 and 384-well format. Genetic modifications, e.g. interference CRISPR (CRISPRi), and nine compounds of acute and chronic action were tested, including five histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). Their effects on voltage and calcium were compared across growth conditions and pacing rates. We also demonstrated optogenetic point pacing via cell spheroids to study conduction in 96-well format, as well as temporal multiplexing to register voltage and calcium simultaneously on a single camera. Opto-DyCE-plate showed excellent performance even in the small samples in 384-well plates. Anisotropic structured constructs may provide some benefits in drug testing, although drug responses were consistent across tested configurations. Differential voltage vs. calcium responses were seen for some drugs, especially for non-traditional modulators of cardiac function, e.g. HDACi, and pacing rate was a powerful modulator of drug response, highlighting the need for comprehensive multiparametric assessment, as offered by OptoDyCE-plate. Increasing throughput and speed and reducing cost of screening can help stratify potential compounds early in the drug development process and accelerate the development of safer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emilia Entcheva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, United States of America
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Xu W, Wang J, Li XN, Liang J, Song L, Wu Y, Liu Z, Sun B, Li WG. Neuronal and synaptic adaptations underlying the benefits of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:55. [PMID: 38037124 PMCID: PMC10688037 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00390-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established and effective treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Optogenetics, primarily conducted in animal models, provides a unique approach that allows cell type- and projection-specific modulation that mirrors the frequency-dependent stimulus effects of DBS. Opto-DBS research in animal models plays a pivotal role in unraveling the neuronal and synaptic adaptations that contribute to the efficacy of DBS in PD treatment. DBS-induced neuronal responses rely on a complex interplay between the distributions of presynaptic inputs, frequency-dependent synaptic depression, and the intrinsic excitability of postsynaptic neurons. This orchestration leads to conversion of firing patterns, enabling both antidromic and orthodromic modulation of neural circuits. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for decoding position- and programming-dependent effects of DBS. Furthermore, patterned stimulation is emerging as a promising strategy yielding long-lasting therapeutic benefits. Research on the neuronal and synaptic adaptations to DBS may pave the way for the development of more enduring and precise modulation patterns. Advanced technologies, such as adaptive DBS or directional electrodes, can also be integrated for circuit-specific neuromodulation. These insights hold the potential to greatly improve the effectiveness of DBS and advance PD treatment to new levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xin-Ni Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingxue Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lu Song
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Bomin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Wei-Guang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory for Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Junge S, Ricci Signorini ME, Al Masri M, Gülink J, Brüning H, Kasperek L, Szepes M, Bakar M, Gruh I, Heisterkamp A, Torres-Mapa ML. A micro-LED array based platform for spatio-temporal optogenetic control of various cardiac models. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19490. [PMID: 37945622 PMCID: PMC10636122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics relies on dynamic spatial and temporal control of light to address emerging fundamental and therapeutic questions in cardiac research. In this work, a compact micro-LED array, consisting of 16 × 16 pixels, is incorporated in a widefield fluorescence microscope for controlled light stimulation. We describe the optical design of the system that allows the micro-LED array to fully cover the field of view regardless of the imaging objective used. Various multicellular cardiac models are used in the experiments such as channelrhodopsin-2 expressing aggregates of cardiomyocytes, termed cardiac bodies, and bioartificial cardiac tissues derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. The pacing efficiencies of the cardiac bodies and bioartificial cardiac tissues were characterized as a function of illumination time, number of switched-on pixels and frequency of stimulation. To demonstrate dynamic stimulation, steering of calcium waves in HL-1 cell monolayer expressing channelrhodopsin-2 was performed by applying different configurations of patterned light. This work shows that micro-LED arrays are powerful light sources for optogenetic control of contraction and calcium waves in cardiac monolayers, multicellular bodies as well as three-dimensional artificial cardiac tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Junge
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Elena Ricci Signorini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Masa Al Masri
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Gülink
- QubeDot GmbH, Wilhelmsgarten 3, 38100, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Heiko Brüning
- QubeDot GmbH, Wilhelmsgarten 3, 38100, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Leon Kasperek
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Monika Szepes
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mine Bakar
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ina Gruh
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Leilani Torres-Mapa
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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44
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Brunstein M, Lubetzki J, Moutoussamy C, Li W, Barral J. Fast 2-photon stimulation using holographic patterns. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:39222-39238. [PMID: 38018006 DOI: 10.1364/oe.498644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Two decades after its introduction, optogenetics - a biological technique to control the activity of neurons or other cell types with light - remains a cutting edge and promising tool to study biological processes. Its increasing usage in research varies widely from causally exploring biological mechanisms and neural computations, to neurostimulation and sensory restauration. To stimulate neurons in the brain, a variety of approaches have been developed to generate precise spatiotemporal light patterns. Yet certain constrains still exists in the current optical techniques to activate a neuronal population with both cellular resolution and millisecond precision. Here, we describe an experimental setup allowing to stimulate a few tens of neurons in a plane at sub-millisecond rates using 2-photon activation. A liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator (LCoS-SLM) was used to generate spatial patterns in 2 dimensions. The image of the patterns was formed on the plane of a digital micromirror device (DMD) that was used as a fast temporal modulator of each region of interest. Using fluorescent microscopy and patch-clamp recording of neurons in culture expressing the light-gated ion channels, we characterized the temporal and spatial resolution of the microscope. We described the advantages of combining the LCoS-SLM with the DMD to maximize the temporal precision, modulate the illumination amplitude, and reduce background activation. Finally, we showed that this approach can be extended to patterns in 3 dimensions. We concluded that the methodology is well suited to address important questions about the role of temporal information in neuronal coding.
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45
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Lorca-Cámara A, Blot FGC, Accanto N, Emiliani V. [A two-photon fiberscope for imaging and optogenetic photostimulation of neurons in freely moving mice]. Med Sci (Paris) 2023; 39:815-819. [PMID: 38018920 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lorca-Cámara
- Groupe d'ingénierie du front d'onde appliquée à la microscopie, Sorbonne université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la vision, Paris, France
| | - François G C Blot
- Groupe d'ingénierie du front d'onde appliquée à la microscopie, Sorbonne université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la vision, Paris, France
| | - Nicolò Accanto
- Groupe d'ingénierie du front d'onde appliquée à la microscopie, Sorbonne université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la vision, Paris, France
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Groupe d'ingénierie du front d'onde appliquée à la microscopie, Sorbonne université, Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la vision, Paris, France
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46
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Mirabella PN, Fenselau H. Advanced neurobiological tools to interrogate metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:639-654. [PMID: 37674015 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00885-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Engineered neurobiological tools for the manipulation of cellular activity, such as chemogenetics and optogenetics, have become a cornerstone of modern neuroscience research. These tools are invaluable for the interrogation of the central control of metabolism as they provide a direct means to establish a causal relationship between brain activity and biological processes at the cellular, tissue and organismal levels. The utility of these methods has grown substantially due to advances in cellular-targeting strategies, alongside improvements in the resolution and potency of such tools. Furthermore, the potential to recapitulate endogenous cellular signalling has been enriched by insights into the molecular signatures and activity dynamics of discrete brain cell types. However, each modulatory tool has a specific set of advantages and limitations; therefore, tool selection and suitability are of paramount importance to optimally interrogate the cellular and circuit-based underpinnings of metabolic outcomes within the organism. Here, we describe the key principles and uses of engineered neurobiological tools. We also highlight inspiring applications and outline critical considerations to be made when using these tools within the field of metabolism research. We contend that the appropriate application of these biotechnological advances will enable the delineation of the central circuitry regulating systemic metabolism with unprecedented potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Nicholas Mirabella
- Synaptic Transmission in Energy Homeostasis Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Fenselau
- Synaptic Transmission in Energy Homeostasis Group, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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47
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Brea Guerrero A, Oijala M, Moseley SC, Tang T, Fletcher F, Zheng Y, Sanchez LM, Clark BJ, Mcnaughton BL, Wilber AA. An Integrated Platform for In Vivo Electrophysiology in Spatial Cognition Experiments. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0274-23.2023. [PMID: 37989581 PMCID: PMC10668213 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0274-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial cognition research requires behavioral paradigms that can distinguish between different navigational elements, such as allocentric (map-like) navigation and egocentric (e.g., body centered) navigation. To fill this need, we developed a flexible experimental platform that can be quickly modified without the need for significant changes to software and hardware. In this paper, we present this inexpensive and flexible behavioral platform paired with software which we are making freely available. Our behavioral platform serves as the foundation for a range of experiments, and although developed for assessing spatial cognition, it also has applications in the nonspatial domain of behavioral testing. There are two components of the software platform, "Maze" and "Stim Trigger." While intended as a general platform, presently both programs can work in conjunction with Neuralynx and Open Ephys electrophysiology acquisition systems, allowing for precise time stamping of neural events. The Maze program includes functionality for automatic reward delivery based on user defined zones. "Stim Trigger" permits control of brain stimulation via any equipment that can be paired with an Arduino board. We seek to share our software and leverage the potential by expanding functionality in the future to meet the needs of a larger community of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Brea Guerrero
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
- Psychology Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
| | - Mikko Oijala
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, CA
| | - Shawn C Moseley
- Psychology Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
| | - Te Tang
- Psychology Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
| | - Fred Fletcher
- Psychology Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
| | - Yicheng Zheng
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
- Psychology Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
| | - Lilliana M Sanchez
- Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 87131, NM
| | - Benjamin J Clark
- Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 87131, NM
| | - Bruce L Mcnaughton
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, 92697, CA
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Aaron A Wilber
- Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
- Psychology Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32306-4301, FL
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48
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Broser M, Busse W, Spreen A, Reh M, Bernal Sierra YA, Hwang S, Utesch T, Sun H, Hegemann P. Diversity of rhodopsin cyclases in zoospore-forming fungi. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310600120. [PMID: 37871207 PMCID: PMC10622942 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310600120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Light perception for orientation in zoospore-forming fungi is linked to homo- or heterodimeric rhodopsin-guanylyl cyclases (RGCs). Heterodimeric RGCs, first identified in the chytrid Rhizoclosmatium globosum, consist of an unusual near-infrared absorbing highly fluorescent sensitizer neorhodopsin (NeoR) that is paired with a visual light-absorbing rhodopsin responsible for enzyme activation. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of RGC genes in early-branching fungi using currently available genetic data. Among the characterized RGCs, we identified red-sensitive homodimeric RGC variants with maximal light activation close to 600 nm, which allow for red-light control of GTP to cGMP conversion in mammalian cells. Heterodimeric RGC complexes have evolved due to a single gene duplication within the branching of Chytridiales and show a spectral range for maximal light activation between 480 to 600 nm. In contrast, the spectral sensitivity of NeoRs is reaching into the near-infrared range with maximal absorption between 641 and 721 nm, setting the low energy spectral edge of rhodopsins so far. Based on natural NeoR variants and mutational studies, we reevaluated the role of the counterion-triad proposed to cause the extreme redshift. With the help of chimera constructs, we disclose that the cyclase domain is crucial for functioning as homo- or heterodimers, which enables the adaptation of the spectral sensitivity by modular exchange of the photosensor. The extreme spectral plasticity of retinal chromophores in native photoreceptors provides broad perspectives on the achievable spectral adaptation for rhodopsin-based molecular tools ranging from UVB into the near-infrared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Broser
- Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Wayne Busse
- Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Anika Spreen
- Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Maila Reh
- Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Yinth Andrea Bernal Sierra
- Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
| | - Songhwan Hwang
- Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
- Research Unit of Structural Chemistry & Computational Biophysics, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin13125, Germany
| | - Tillmann Utesch
- Research Unit of Structural Chemistry & Computational Biophysics, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin13125, Germany
| | - Han Sun
- Research Unit of Structural Chemistry & Computational Biophysics, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin13125, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin10623, Germany
| | - Peter Hegemann
- Institute of Biology, Department of Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin10115, Germany
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49
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Dai Y, Zhou Z, Kim K, Rivera N, Mohammed J, Hsu-Kim H, Chilkoti A, You L. Global control of cellular physiology by biomolecular condensates through modulation of electrochemical equilibria. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.19.563018. [PMID: 37904914 PMCID: PMC10614965 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.19.563018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Control of the electrochemical environment in living cells is typically attributed to ion channels. Here we show that the formation of biomolecular condensates can modulate the electrochemical environment in cells, which affects processes globally within the cell and interactions of the cell with its environment. Condensate formation results in the depletion or enrichment of certain ions, generating intracellular ion gradients. These gradients directly affect the electrochemical properties of a cell, including the cytoplasmic pH and hyperpolarization of the membrane potential. The modulation of the electrochemical equilibria between the intra- and extra-cellular environments by biomolecular condensates governs charge-dependent uptake of small molecules by cells, and thereby directly influences bacterial survival under antibiotic stress. The shift of the intracellular electrochemical equilibria by condensate formation also drives a global change of the gene expression profile. The control of the cytoplasmic environment by condensates is correlated with their volume fraction, which can be highly variable between cells due to the stochastic nature of gene expression at the single cell level. Thus, condensate formation can amplify cell-cell variability of the environmental effects induced by the shift of cellular electrochemical equilibria. Our work reveals new biochemical functions of condensates, which extend beyond the biomolecules driving and participating in condensate formation, and uncovers a new role of biomolecular condensates in cellular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biomolecular Condensates, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63130
| | - Zhengqing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708
| | - Kyeri Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708
| | - Nelson Rivera
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708
| | - Javid Mohammed
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27705
| | - Heileen Hsu-Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708
- Center for Quantitative Biodesign, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
| | - Lingchong You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708
- Center for Quantitative Biodesign, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
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50
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Chen X, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Li B, Li Y, Jiang L. Optical Manipulation of Soft Matter. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2301105. [PMID: 37818749 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation has emerged as a pivotal tool in soft matter research, offering superior applicability, spatiotemporal precision, and manipulation capabilities compared to conventional methods. Here, an overview of the optical mechanisms governing the interaction between light and soft matter materials during manipulation is provided. The distinct characteristics exhibited by various soft matter materials, including liquid crystals, polymers, colloids, amphiphiles, thin liquid films, and biological soft materials are highlighted, and elucidate their fundamental response characteristics to optical manipulation techniques. This knowledge serves as a foundation for designing effective strategies for soft matter manipulation. Moreover, the diverse range of applications and future prospects that arise from the synergistic collaboration between optical manipulation and soft matter materials in emerging fields are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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