1
|
Aoun L, Almardini S, Saliba F, Haddadin F, Mourad O, Jdaidani J, Morcos Z, Al Saidi I, Bou Sanayeh E, Saliba S, Almardini M, Zaidan J. GLP-1 receptor agonists: A novel pharmacotherapy for binge eating (Binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa)? A systematic review. J Clin Transl Endocrinol 2024; 35:100333. [PMID: 38449772 PMCID: PMC10915596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2024.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Systematically review evidence on using GLP-1RAs for reducing BEB in BED and BN. Methods Comprehensive literature search (PubMed and Google Scholar) conducted for studies evaluating GLP-1Ras for BEB. Extracted data on study characteristics, efficacy, and safety. Results Studies show that GLP-1RAs (liraglutide and dulaglutide) reduce BE frequency and comorbidities in addition to favorable psychiatric side effect profile compared to current options. However, large-scale, blinded placebo-controlled trials are lacking. Conclusion Early findings suggest promising effects of GLP-1RAs on BEB. However, rigorous clinical trials are needed to firmly establish efficacy, dosing, safety, and comparative effectiveness before considering GLP-1RAs a viable novel approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Aoun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Shaza Almardini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Fares Saliba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Fadi Haddadin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Omar Mourad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Jennifer Jdaidani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Zeina Morcos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Ibrahim Al Saidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Elie Bou Sanayeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| | - Saliba Saliba
- Department of Physiology, Mcgill University, United States
| | - Michel Almardini
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
| | - Julie Zaidan
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Staten Island University Hospital, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan S, Guo W, Xiao D, Guan M, Liao T, Peng S, Feng A, Wang Z, Yin H, Li M, Chen J, Xiong W. Microbiota-gut-brain axis drives overeating disorders. Cell Metab 2023; 35:2011-2027.e7. [PMID: 37794596 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Overeating disorders (ODs), usually stemming from dieting history and stress, remain a pervasive issue in contemporary society, with the pathological mechanisms largely unresolved. Here, we show that alterations in intestinal microbiota are responsible for the excessive intake of palatable foods in OD mice and patients with bulimia nervosa (BN). Stress combined with a history of dieting causes significant changes in the microbiota and the intestinal metabolism, which disinhibit the vagus nerve terminals in the gut and thereby lead to a subsequent hyperactivation of the gut-brain axis passing through the vagus, the solitary tract nucleus, and the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus. The transplantation of a probiotic Faecalibacterium prausnitzii or dietary supplement of key metabolites restores the activity of the gut-to-brain pathway and thereby alleviates the OD symptoms. Thus, our study delineates how the microbiota-gut-brain axis mediates energy balance, unveils the underlying pathogenesis of the OD, and provides potential therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Weiwei Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Mengyuan Guan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Tiepeng Liao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Intelligent Processing, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Sufang Peng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Airong Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Jue Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Intelligent Processing, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, Hefei 230026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abid MT, Banna MHA, Akter S, Brazendale K, Spence C, Begum MUH, Rashid R, Bari FS, Rifat MA, Sultana MS, Khaleduzzaman M, Debnath SC, Mahjabin N, Khan MSI, Hassan MN. Prevalence and predictors of binge eating disorder symptoms among a sample of university students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional survey. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1668. [PMID: 37920659 PMCID: PMC10618435 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims There is a dearth of information about binge eating disorder (BED) among Bangladeshi university students, who may be more susceptible to BED due to the rise in unhealthy lifestyles and food habits. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of BED symptoms among Bangladeshi university students. Methods Students (N = 525) from three public universities in Bangladesh participated in this cross-sectional study between November 2022 and March 2023. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured paper-based questionnaire that included two validated survey tools; the binge eating disorder screener and the patient health questionnaire-9. To identify the factors associated with BED symptoms, multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted, with sociodemographic and behavioral information (e.g., age, sex, smoking status, etc.) considered as covariates. Results The prevalence of BED symptoms among participants (mean age 21.28 years, 50.3% male and 49.7% female) was 20.6%. Male students had a 2.28 times higher likelihood of having BED symptoms compared to female counterparts (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.33-3.89). Older students (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.80-7.05), students who were overweight or obese (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.87-5.89), and students reporting higher depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.66-4.35) were at greater risk for developing BED compared to their respective counterparts. Conclusions This study provides new insights into the prevalence of BED symptoms and its contributing factors among Bangladeshi students. Approximately 1-in-5 university students reported having BED symptoms. University students who are older, overweight, or obese, and who report depressive symptoms may be at greatest risk. Future longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causal factors underlying BED. Findings from this study can assist policymakers and public health professionals in developing effective and targeted strategies to mitigate the risks associated with BED among Bangladeshi university students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tazrian Abid
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food MicrobiologyFaculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
- Nutrition InitiativeKushtiaBangladesh
| | - Shammy Akter
- Department of Applied Nutrition and Food TechnologyFaculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic UniversityKushtiaBangladesh
| | - Keith Brazendale
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Charles Spence
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Rumana Rashid
- Department of Public Health NutritionPrimeasia UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - M. A. Rifat
- Department of Global Public HealthKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Mst. Sadia Sultana
- Department of Public Health and InformaticsJahangirnagar UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Khaleduzzaman
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Sourav Chandra Debnath
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Nushrat Mahjabin
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Shafiqul Islam Khan
- Department of Food MicrobiologyFaculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Md. Nazmul Hassan
- Department of Environmental SanitationFaculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dziewa M, Bańka B, Herbet M, Piątkowska-Chmiel I. Eating Disorders and Diabetes: Facing the Dual Challenge. Nutrients 2023; 15:3955. [PMID: 37764739 PMCID: PMC10538145 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders and diabetes mellitus are distinct yet closely linked health conditions, presenting distinct challenges in terms of care and management. Eating disorders encompass a spectrum of mental health disorders characterized by abnormal eating behaviors and disruptions in weight regulation. Research indicates that individuals with diabetes might be at an elevated risk of developing eating disorders. The necessity to adhere to specific dietary guidelines, monitor blood sugar levels vigilantly, and manage drug administration can collectively contribute to the emergence of detrimental attitudes toward food and body image. On the other hand, incorrect eating behaviors such as binge eating and purging can disrupt blood sugar control, significantly impacting the development and management of diabetes. This intricate relationship emphasizes the crucial necessity for a comprehensive understanding and specialized care to effectively address the dual challenges faced by individuals dealing with both diabetes and eating disorders. This paper represents the inaugural comprehensive review delving into the intricate connection between eating disorders and diabetes, thereby illuminating previously under-researched areas. The insights gleaned from this review may contribute to developing integrated interventions that aim to improve the overall well-being and quality of life for individuals grappling with the complexities of eating disorders and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Iwona Piątkowska-Chmiel
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eating Compulsivity in Inpatients with Severe Obesity and the General Population: The Italian Version of the Measure of Eating Compulsivity (MEC10-IT). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061378. [PMID: 36986106 PMCID: PMC10052425 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to validate and investigate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Measure of Eating Compulsivity-10 (MEC10-IT) in a sample of inpatients with severe obesity (Study 1), and to test the measurement invariance of the measure across non-clinical and clinical samples (Study 2). In the first study, a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) was conducted among 452 patients in order to confirm the factorial structure of the MEC10-IT. In the second study, the psychometric properties of the MEC10-IT were tested on 453 inpatients with severe obesity and a community sample of 311 participants. The CFA confirmed the factorial structure of the MEC10-IT among an Italian sample of adult inpatients with severe obesity (Study 1). The MEC10-IT was also demonstrated to be invariant between the clinical and the community sample and to possess good psychometric properties, as well as excellent screening abilities for classifying individuals with problematic eating behaviors (Study 2). In conclusion, the MEC10-IT could be considered as a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of compulsive eating in both non-clinical and clinical samples and represents a psychometrically sound measure for clinical and research purposes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wilkop M, Wade TD, Keegan E, Cohen-Woods S. Impairments among DSM-5 eating disorders: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2023; 101:102267. [PMID: 36963207 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous research revealed that people who did not meet full DSM-IV criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), or binge-eating disorder (BED) but met criteria for eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) display high levels of psychiatric and physical morbidity commensurate with full criteria eating disorders. The DSM-5 introduced significant changes to eating disorder diagnostic criteria, so the present study aimed to determine whether the revised diagnostic criteria better distinguish between full criteria eating disorders, and other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED) and unspecified feeding or eating disorder (UFED). We present a series of meta-analyses comparing eating pathology, general psychopathology, and physical health impairments among those with AN, BN, and BED, compared to those with OSFED or UFED (n = 69 eligible studies). Results showed significantly more eating pathology in OSFED compared to AN, no difference in general psychopathology, and greater physical health impairments in AN. BN had greater eating pathology and general psychopathology than OSFED, but OSFED showed more physical health impairments. No differences were found between BN and purging disorder or low-frequency BN, or between BED and OSFED. Findings highlight the clinical severity of OSFED and suggest the DSM-5 criteria may not appropriately account for these presentations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Wilkop
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Blackbird Initiative, Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tracey D Wade
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Blackbird Initiative, Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ella Keegan
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Blackbird Initiative, Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah Cohen-Woods
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Blackbird Initiative, Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abdulla ZARA, Almahmood HO, Alghasra RR, Alherz ZAS, Alsharifa HAG, Qamber SJ, Alomar NA, Almajed FE, Almahroos TR, Alnajjas ZA, Alsayyad AS. Prevalence and associated factors of binge eating disorder among Bahraini youth and young adults: a cross-sectional study in a self-selected convenience sample. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:5. [PMID: 36627719 PMCID: PMC9831363 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00726-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) is defined as recurrent ingestion of an unusually large amount of food in a discrete period of time. BED has the highest prevalence of all eating disorders. Studies have shown a strong relationship between BED and both physical and psychological factors such as obesity, depression and anxiety. This research aimed to report the prevalence and associated factors of BED among Bahrainis (aged 15-30 years). METHODS A total of 959 participants (aged 15-30 years) completed self-administered online questionnaires. BED was measured using the binge eating disorder Screener-7. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7 were used to measure depression and anxiety, respectively. RESULTS Out of all participants, 21.2% had binge eating symptoms. A higher BMI, a restricted diet, depression and anxiety were associated with more frequent binge eating symptoms. Out of all associated factors, depression had the strongest association with binge eating, (rp = 0.371, p < 0.0001). However, sociodemographic variables including age and other medical conditions were not significantly associated with BED symptoms. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the prevalence of BED symptoms was significantly high among the study participants. The results point out the crucial role of awareness of the interaction between obesity, depression and anxiety as potential risk factors for binge eating tendencies. Further research should examine their relationship with BED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hend Omar Almahmood
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | - Razan Raed Alghasra
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | | | | | - Seham Jamal Qamber
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | - Nadia Aaref Alomar
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | | | | | - Zainab Ali Alnajjas
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| | - Adel Salman Alsayyad
- Family and Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 329 Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Neural circuit control of innate behaviors. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:466-499. [PMID: 34985643 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
All animals possess a plethora of innate behaviors that do not require extensive learning and are fundamental for their survival and propagation. With the advent of newly-developed techniques such as viral tracing and optogenetic and chemogenetic tools, recent studies are gradually unraveling neural circuits underlying different innate behaviors. Here, we summarize current development in our understanding of the neural circuits controlling predation, feeding, male-typical mating, and urination, highlighting the role of genetically defined neurons and their connections in sensory triggering, sensory to motor/motivation transformation, motor/motivation encoding during these different behaviors. Along the way, we discuss possible mechanisms underlying binge-eating disorder and the pro-social effects of the neuropeptide oxytocin, elucidating the clinical relevance of studying neural circuits underlying essential innate functions. Finally, we discuss some exciting brain structures recurrently appearing in the regulation of different behaviors, which suggests both divergence and convergence in the neural encoding of specific innate behaviors. Going forward, we emphasize the importance of multi-angle and cross-species dissections in delineating neural circuits that control innate behaviors.
Collapse
|
9
|
Eichin KN, Georgii C, Arend AK, van Dyck Z, Blechert J. (Mouse cursor)-Tracking food decisions in binge eating disorder reveals preference for high-energy foods and a role of BMI. Appetite 2021; 170:105890. [PMID: 34953970 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) has been associated with deficits in cognitive control and decision-making. Yet, no study has yet investigated the characteristics of food choice and the involved choice conflict in this disorder. In the present study individuals with BED (N = 22) and without BED (N = 61), with a body mass index (BMI) between 21 and 44 completed 153 binary food decisions among foods varying in palatability and energy density. To assess conflict during choice we recorded computer mouse paths and reaction times. Subsequently, participants rated all foods on liking and energy content. Finally, participants completed a bogus taste test with the same foods to measure actual consumption. Predictors were modelled continuously using Bayesian mixed-effects modelling. Individuals with BED liked foods with higher energy content more and chose them more often in the choice task. Yet, actual consumption in the taste test did not differ between groups, neither regarding total consumption, nor of foods with higher energy. Mouse cursor-tracking revealed that control participants with higher BMIs showed more choice conflict than those with lower BMIs. This pattern was reversed in those with BED. The high-energy preference in ratings and food choice represent the first evidence in a controlled laboratory context for disorder-congruent food choice in BED. The fact that this was not reflected in actual consumption might have methodological implications for measuring laboratory eating behaviour. Mouse cursor-tracking gave further insights into choice processes and showed a less conflicted food choice in those with BED with higher BMI compared to those with lower BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Naomi Eichin
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Claudio Georgii
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Arend
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Zoé van Dyck
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Maison des Sciences Humaines, 11, Porte des Sciences, L-4366 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Jens Blechert
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ahamed SK, Barek MA, Roy UK, Kouser M, Reza MS, Mannan AB, Alam MA, Uddin SMN. A review on association and correlation of genetic variants with eating disorders and obesity. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Now, eating disorders and obesity and their correlations are danger signal in worldwide which is caused by multifactor and associated with significant mortality and morbidity.
Main body
Every aspect of a patient’s life is influenced by eating disorders and obesity and their correlations. Due to frequent seeing of obese patients, eating disorders have been included in the review as they can sometimes be associated with obesity. However, it should be noted that most patients having eating disorder are at risk to be obese or overweight. This research explores the risk factors for the two disorders, as well as the assessment of medical complications and treatment recommendations for the disorders. In these two disorders, there is also a correlation. The essential consideration is that eating disorders are impulse-control disorders which are similar to addictive behaviors in some aspects. So it is a crying need to treat a patient with obesity and eating disorders simultaneously to ensure success. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have increased our knowledge of the pathophysiology of eating disorders (EDs) and obesity and their correlation.
Conclusion
This review enlightens on the summary of eating disorder, obesity, genotypic traits, molecular relations, interaction, correlation, and effect of eating disorder and obesity which outline potential future directions and clinical implications for patients with EDs and obesity.
Collapse
|
11
|
Sleep Quality and Eating Disorder-Related Psychopathologies in Patients with Night Eating Syndrome and Binge Eating Disorders. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194613. [PMID: 34640635 PMCID: PMC8509793 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Night eating syndrome (NES) is an eating disorder (ED) characterized by nocturnal ingestion (NI), evening hyperphagia, morning anorexia, as well as mood and sleep disturbances. This study compared subjective and objective sleep quality and ED-related psychopathologies in patients seeking treatment for ED. Method: The sample was composed of 170 women, aged 18–68, who were referred for an ED assessment from 2011 to 2020. The participants were divided into three subgroups: NES-NI only (n = 30), NES+ binge eating (BE) (including binge eating disorders or bulimia nervosa (n = 52), and BE-only (n = 88). The measures consisted of a psychiatric evaluation, objective sleep monitoring measured by an actigraph for 1 week, a subjective sleep self-report, and ED-related psychopathology questionnaires. Results: Objective sleep monitoring revealed significant group differences, with higher sleep efficiency in participants with BE-only and longer sleep durations for the NES-NI only group. Subjectively, the BE-only group described a significantly lower sleep quality than either the NES-NI only or the NES+BE groups. ED-related psychopathology was lower in the NES-NI-only group. A stepwise linear regression revealed that general psychopathology (the brief symptom inventory total score) was a significant predictor of subjective sleep quality. Conclusion: NES-NI-only was correlated with less psychopathology, but with more subjective and objective sleep disturbances. These results lend weight to the supposition that NES lies on a continuum of ED psychopathologies, and that NES-NI-only appears to be a separate entity from NES+BE and BE-only in terms of its psychopathology.
Collapse
|
12
|
Purkiewicz A, Kamelska-Sadowska AM, Ciborska J, Mikulska J, Pietrzak-Fiećko R. Risk Factors for Eating Disorders and Perception of Body in Young Adults Associated with Sex. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082819. [PMID: 34444979 PMCID: PMC8401797 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of eating disorders (EDs) requires knowledge and can be used only when specific risk factors are known. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in food choices and eating behavior between males and females; (2) Methods: This study comprised 148 females and 27 males aged from 18 to 26-years-old (MEAN ± SD = 21.4 ± 1.86 years old). Information about EDs was obtained from four different measures: the body mass index (BMI), the eating disorder screen for primary care (ESP), a standardized and validated questionnaire called “My Eating Habits” and the food frequency questionnaire with 10 answers (FFQ-10); (3) Results: The risk for developing eating disorders was detected in nearly 67% of respondents. It was also shown that EDs were more common in females and how body weight affected the way individuals feel about themselves. Females showed more unhealthy eating habits, which contributed to dietary restrictions and emotional overeating, as they were also afraid of gaining weight. The frequency of eating meat and drinking alcohol was higher in males, whereas eating legume seeds was less frequent in females. (4) Conclusions: This study opens a new field, which will help health care professionals recognize the problems with eating disorders and treat them based on different sex characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Purkiewicz
- Department of Commodity Sciences and Food Research, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.P.); (R.P.-F.)
| | - Anna Malwina Kamelska-Sadowska
- Department of Rehabilitation and Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, Provincial Specialist Children’s Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Joanna Ciborska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45 F, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Julia Mikulska
- Cosmetology, Trichology, Dietetics Julia Mikulska, 11-500 Giżycko, Poland;
| | - Renata Pietrzak-Fiećko
- Department of Commodity Sciences and Food Research, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.P.); (R.P.-F.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Taylor VA, Moseley I, Sun S, Smith R, Roy A, Ludwig VU, Brewer JA. Awareness drives changes in reward value which predict eating behavior change: Probing reinforcement learning using experience sampling from mobile mindfulness training for maladaptive eating. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:482-497. [PMID: 34264854 PMCID: PMC8997232 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Maladaptive eating habits are a major cause of obesity and weight-related illness. The development of empirically-based approaches, such as mindfulness training (MT) that target accurate mechanisms of action to address these behaviors is therefore critical. Two studies were conducted to examine the impact of MT on maladaptive eating and determine the involvement of reinforcement learning mechanisms underlying these effects. METHODS In Study1, maladaptive eating behaviors were assessed using self-report questionnaires at baseline and 8 weeks after an app-based MT intervention (n = 46). A novel mindful eating craving tool was embedded in our intervention to assess: eating behaviors (intake frequency/magnitude), and reward (contentment ratings) experienced after eating. Using a well-established reinforcement learning (Rescorla-Wagner) model, expected reward values (EV) were estimated as a function of contentment levels reported after eating. In Study2 (n = 1,119), craving tool assessments were examined in an independent sample using the app in a real-world naturalistic context. RESULTS Study 1's results revealed a significant decrease in EV and eating behaviors across craving tool uses. In addition, changes in reward values predicted decreases in eating behaviors. Finally, Study 1's results revealed significant pre-post intervention reductions in self-reported eating behaviors. In Study2, we observed a significant decrease in EV, but not in eating behaviors, across craving tool uses. Study 2 also revealed a predictive relationship between EV and eating behaviors. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These results support the implementation of MT to prevent and treat maladaptive eating behaviors, which target reinforcement learning processes as mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique A. Taylor
- Mindfulness Center, Brown School of Public Health and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Isabelle Moseley
- Mindfulness Center, Brown School of Public Health and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Shufang Sun
- Mindfulness Center, Brown School of Public Health and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Ryan Smith
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 South Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA
| | - Alexandra Roy
- Mindfulness Center, Brown School of Public Health and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Vera U. Ludwig
- Mindfulness Center, Brown School of Public Health and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine & Wharton Neuroscience Initiative, University of Pennsylvania, 106 Steinberg-Dietrich Hall, 3620 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Judson A. Brewer
- Mindfulness Center, Brown School of Public Health and Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ciria LF, Watson P, Vadillo MA, Luque D. Is the habit system altered in individuals with obesity? A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:621-632. [PMID: 34252472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Habit-like eating behavior is repeatedly pointed to as a key cognitive mechanism contributing to the emergence and maintenance of obesity. Here, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to assess the existent behavioral evidence for the Habit Hypothesis for Overeating (HHO) which states that obesity is the consequence of an imbalance between the habit and goal-directed reward learning systems, leading to overconsumption of food. We found a total of 19 studies implementing a variety of experimental protocols (i.e., free operant paradigm, slips-of-action test, two-step task, Pavlovian-to-Instrumental paradigm, probabilistic learning task) and manipulations. Taken together, the studies on clinical (binge eating disorder) and non-clinical individuals with overweight or obesity do not support the HHO conclusively. While the scientific literature on HHO is still in its infancy, the heterogeneity of the extant studies makes it difficult to evaluate the degree of convergence of these findings. Uncovering the role of reward learning systems in eating behaviors might have a transformative impact on public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis F Ciria
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Psicología Básica, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
| | - Poppy Watson
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Miguel A Vadillo
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - David Luque
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Psicología Básica, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Binge eating disorder (BED), with its compulsive and addictive components, may often underlie weight regain after gastrointestinal bariatric surgeries. BED is therefore considered an exclusion criterion for these surgeries. Anecdotal reports suggest that deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for addictive disorders with, similar to BED, pathological changes in cerebral reward circuitry. We therefore assessed effect of DBS of the nucleus accumbens (NAC) in a rat model of BED. Twenty-one male obesity prone Wistar rats with DBS electrodes placed in NAC subregions were subjected to a binge eating protocol. Binge eating was significantly reduced with DBS during (NAC core) or before (NAC lateral shell) the binge. These outcomes provide a base to further explore the potential of DBS in the treatment of BED.
Collapse
|
16
|
Weinheimer EA, Chang A, Neubert SW, Wildes JE, Graham AK. Past, current, and future willingness to engage with treatment targets: Applying user-centered design to inform the design of a mobile behavioral intervention. Int J Eat Disord 2020; 53:611-617. [PMID: 32112592 PMCID: PMC7271441 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE User-centered design can improve engagement with and the potential efficacy of behavioral interventions, but is underutilized in health care. This work demonstrates how design methodologies can inform the design of a mobile behavioral intervention for binge eating and obesity. METHOD A needs assessment was conducted with end-users (N = 22 adults with obesity and recurrent binge eating [≥12 episodes in 3 months] who were interested in losing weight and addressing binge eating), which included assessing participants' past/current and future willingness to engage with 20 treatment targets for managing binge eating and weight. Targets focused on improving dietary intake, increasing physical activity, and reducing overvaluation of weight and/or shape, unhealthy weight control practices, and negative affect. RESULTS Participants' past and current use of targets varied. For all targets except those addressing unhealthy weight control practices, on average, participants had increasing levels of willingness to try targets. Among participants not currently using a target, at least some were willing to use every target again. DISCUSSION Findings inform ways to personalize how users begin treatment. Furthermore, this study exemplifies how user-centered design can inform ways to ensure that digital interventions are designed to meet end-users' needs to improve engagement and clinical impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Chang
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University
| | | | - Jennifer E. Wildes
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago
| | - Andrea K. Graham
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Northwestern University,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University,Address correspondence to Andrea K. Graham, PhD, 750 N. Lake Shore Drive, 10th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611; Phone: 312-503-5266;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lisdexamfetamine suppresses instrumental and consummatory behaviors supported by foods with varying degrees of palatability: Exploration of a binge-like eating model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 189:172851. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
18
|
Chevinsky JD, Wadden TA, Chao AM. Binge Eating Disorder in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Diagnostic and Management Challenges. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1117-1131. [PMID: 32341661 PMCID: PMC7166070 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s213379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of disordered eating behaviors including binge eating disorder (BED). Comorbid BED in patients with T2DM has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes such as higher body mass index (BMI) and depressive symptoms. Identifying and addressing this disorder in patients with T2DM is a significant challenge for health-care providers. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss current perspectives on BED in the context of T2DM with implications for screening and management of these highly comorbid conditions. BED continues to be underrecognized and underdiagnosed. However, there are established tools that providers can use to screen for BED such as the SCOFF Questionnaire and Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-5. There are several effective treatments for BED including cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and lisdexamfetamine dimesylate. However, few studies have examined the effects of these treatments in patients with co-morbid T2DM and BED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ariana M Chao
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Correspondence: Ariana M Chao University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA19104, USATel +1215-746-7183Fax +1215-898-2878 Email
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
The influence of depressive symptoms on executive functioning in binge eating disorder: A comparison of patients and non-obese healthy controls. Psychiatry Res 2019; 274:138-145. [PMID: 30784782 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Executive functions are a set of cognitive processes that are necessary for the cognitive control of behavior. They play a role in mediating self-control, self-regulation and decision-making. It has been suggested that the inability to control eating behavior in binge eating disorder (BED) may indicate deficits in executive functioning. This may be worsened by depressive symptoms. The aim of the present study was to compare executive functioning of patients with BED and no-to-mild depressive symptoms (n = 25), patients with BED and moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms (n = 66), and healthy controls (Body Mass Index <30) (n = 56), matched on age, educational level and gender. The participants were assessed by means of neuropsychological tests and questionnaires. The neuropsychological tests did not show significant differences in executive functioning between the groups. However, eating disorder psychopathology and depressive symptoms are associated with self-reported difficulties in executive functioning in daily life. A self-report questionnaire which evaluates the functional, real-world impact of executive dysfunction expressed in everyday activities seems to be more useful in this population than neuropsychological tests. This study highlights the importance of taking depressive symptoms into account when studying executive functioning in patients with (binge) eating disorders.
Collapse
|
21
|
Validation of the Arabic version of the binge eating scale and correlates of binge eating disorder among a sample of the Lebanese population. J Eat Disord 2019; 7:40. [PMID: 31798879 PMCID: PMC6885321 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-019-0270-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Binge Eating Scale (BES), a self-questionnaire assessing binge eating, in a sample of the Lebanese population. The secondary objective was to evaluate factors associated with binge eating. METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted between January and May 2018, enrolled 811 adult participants from all districts of Lebanon. The BES was administered to study its psychometric properties. The sample was divided into two separate samples (405 for sample 1 and 406 for sample 2). An exploratory factor analysis was executed on Sample 1, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis on Sample 2 using the structure obtained in Sample 1. Three hierarchical stepwise linear regressions were conducted to assess factors associated with binge eating. RESULTS The factor analysis suggested a two-factor structure for the BES explaining a total of 41.4% of the variance. All items could be extracted from the list. The internal consistency of the measurement was adequate (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86). The confirmatory factor analysis revealed an adequate fit to the model with satisfactory Maximum Likelihood Chi-Square/Degrees of Freedom (χ2/df), Steiger-Lind RMSEA, Joreskog GFI, and AGFI. Higher BMI, depression, anxiety, emotional eating, greater body dissatisfaction, and more pressure from media to lose weight were associated with higher binge eating. Higher expressive suppression facet score was associated with lower binge eating. CONCLUSION The Arabic version of BES could be a useful tool for screening and assessing the binge eating behaviors in clinical practice and research. Also, being dissatisfied with one's body size, having a history of sexual abuse, family history of binge eating, increased depressive/anxiety symptoms, and lower self-esteem seem to be associated with higher BES scores.
Collapse
|
22
|
Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Cifani C, Polidori C. N/OFQ-NOP System in Food Intake. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 254:279-295. [PMID: 31073870 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
While lifestyle modifications should be the first-line actions in preventing and treating obesity and eating disorders, pharmacotherapy also provides a necessary tool for the management of these diseases.However, given the limitations of current anti-obesity drugs, innovative treatments that improve efficacy and safety are needed.Since the discovery that the activation of the Nociceptin/Orphanin (N/OFQ) FQ peptide (NOP) receptor by N/OFQ induces an increase of food intake in laboratory animals, and the finding that this effect can be blocked by NOP antagonists, many NOP agonists and antagonists have been synthesized and tested in vitro and in vivo for their potential regulation of feeding behavior. Promising results seem to suggest that the N/OFQergic system may be a potential therapeutic target for the neural control of feeding behavior and related pathologies, especially in binge-like eating behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Carlo Polidori
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In 2013, binge eating disorder (BED) was officially recognized as a distinct eating disorder in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The purpose of this review is to assess the available epidemiological data to determine whether BED should be considered for inclusion in global disease burden quantification efforts, such as the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD). RECENT FINDINGS A systematic search of three electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) found 32 studes meeting GBD inclusion criteria. The global pooled prevalence of BED was 0.9% (95% confidence intervals: 0.7-1.0%). Although women (1.4%, 1.1-1.7%) had higher prevalence than men (0.4%, 0.3-0.6%), no significant difference in prevalence was found between high-income countries (0.9%, 0.8-1.1%) and low- and middle-income countries (0.7%, 0.3-1.1%). SUMMARY The current article presents the findings of a recent systematic review of the epidemiology of BED and discusses the case for including BED as a new cause in future iterations of GBD.
Collapse
|
24
|
Emotional intelligence, emotion regulation and affectivity in adults seeking treatment for obesity. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:191-198. [PMID: 30149278 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has become an increasingly widespread endemic with social implications; however, the relationship between higher body mass index (BMI) and psychological functioning is still not fully understood. This study examined the differences in affect-related psychological variables among BMI classes. A total of 134 adults seeking treatment for obesity and 124 controls completed a set of questionnaires to assess: trait emotional intelligence, emotion regulation strategies, anxiety, depression, binge eating behaviors and happiness. Correlations and multivariate analysis of variance were run per each study variable controlling for BMI class (normal weight, overweight, or obesity class I, II, III). Individuals with obesity class III were characterized by reduced trait emotional intelligence and happiness, and a higher tendency to use emotion suppression compared to normal weight individuals. All individuals with obesity also showed higher levels of depression and binge eating behaviors compared to both normal weight and overweight adults. Depression and emotion suppression were the most relevant discriminant factors across BMI classes, while trait emotional intelligence resulted as an important psychological factor clustering individual differences between obese and non-obese individuals. These results suggest that more attention to the affective domain of psychological functioning is needed for proper and comprehensive treatment of obesity.
Collapse
|
25
|
da Luz FQ, Hay P, Touyz S, Sainsbury A. Obesity with Comorbid Eating Disorders: Associated Health Risks and Treatment Approaches. Nutrients 2018; 10:E829. [PMID: 29954056 PMCID: PMC6073367 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and eating disorders are each associated with severe physical and mental health consequences, and individuals with obesity as well as comorbid eating disorders are at higher risk of these than individuals with either condition alone. Moreover, obesity can contribute to eating disorder behaviors and vice-versa. Here, we comment on the health complications and treatment options for individuals with obesity and comorbid eating disorder behaviors. It appears that in order to improve the healthcare provided to these individuals, there is a need for greater exchange of experiences and specialized knowledge between healthcare professionals working in the obesity field with those working in the field of eating disorders, and vice-versa. Additionally, nutritional and/or behavioral interventions simultaneously addressing weight management and reduction of eating disorder behaviors in individuals with obesity and comorbid eating disorders may be required. Future research investigating the effects of integrated medical, psychological and nutritional treatment programs addressing weight management and eating disorder psychopathology in individuals with obesity and comorbid eating disorder behaviors—such as binge eating—is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Q da Luz
- The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF 70040-020, Brazil.
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute (THRI), School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Stephen Touyz
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Amanda Sainsbury
- The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pacanowski CR, Mason TB, Crosby RD, Mitchell JE, Crow SJ, Wonderlich SA, Peterson CB. Weight Change over the Course of Binge Eating Disorder Treatment: Relationship to Binge Episodes and Psychological Factors. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018. [PMID: 29533531 PMCID: PMC5915913 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Treatment for binge eating disorder (BED), a condition associated with both excess adiposity and psychological distress, has not typically produced significant weight loss despite reducing binge eating. Characterizing factors that promote or inhibit weight loss in individuals with co-occurring BED and obesity may help explain overall nonsignificant weight changes during treatment. METHODS In this study, 189 adults with BED participated in a randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of 5 months of cognitive behavioral therapy. Assessments included measured height and weight at baseline, midtreatment, end of treatment (EOT), and 6-month follow-up, the Eating Disorder Examination interview, and questionnaires. RESULTS During treatment, there was a mean weight gain of 1.3 ± 12.0 lb. Twenty-two percent of the sample lost ≥ 5 lb, and 25% of the sample gained ≥ 8 lb. Results showed that baseline objective binge eating episodes predicted weight over treatment. Changes in weight were significantly positively related to concurrent changes in shape concern, weight concern, and disinhibition, but not binge eating episodes. Changes in objective binge eating episodes from baseline to EOT were associated with changes in weight from EOT to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Further investigation of eating behavior during BED treatment to understand the energy balance contributions to weight change or stability is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly R Pacanowski
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - James E Mitchell
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Scott J Crow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- The Emily Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen A Wonderlich
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- The Emily Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yan WS, Zhang RR, Lan Y, Li ZM, Li YH. Questionnaire-Based Maladaptive Decision-Coping Patterns Involved in Binge Eating Among 1013 College Students. Front Psychol 2018; 9:609. [PMID: 29765343 PMCID: PMC5939604 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binge Eating Disorder (BED), considered a public health problem because of its impact on psychiatric, physical, and social functioning, merits much attention given its elevation to an independent diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Similar with substance use disorders, some neuropsychological and personality constructs are potentially implicated in the onset and development of BED, in which poor decision-making has been suggested to facilitate overeating and BED. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between decision-coping patterns, monetary decision-making, and binge-eating behavior in young adults. A sample of 1013 college students, equally divided into binge-eating and non-binge-eating groups according to the scores on the Binge Eating Scale (BES), were administered multiple measures of decision-making including the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ), the Delay-discounting Test (DDT), and the Probability Discounting Test (PDT). Compared with the non-binge-eating group, the binge-eating group displayed elevated scores on maladaptive decision-making patterns including Procrastination, Buck-passing, and Hypervigilance. Logistic regression model revealed that only Procrastination positively predicted binge eating. These findings suggest that different dimensions of decision-making may be distinctly linked to binge eating among young adults, with Procrastination putatively identified as a risk trait in the development of overeating behavior, which might promote a better understanding of this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Sen Yan
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ran-Ran Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong-Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Assari S, DeFreitas MR. Ethnic Variations in Psychosocial and Health Correlates of Eating Disorders. Healthcare (Basel) 2018; 6:E38. [PMID: 29693592 PMCID: PMC6023317 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare6020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore ethnic variations in psychosocial and health correlates of eating disorders in the United States, Specifically, we compared associations between gender, socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), physical and mental self-rated health (SRH), and major depressive disorder (MDD) with eating disorders (EDs) across 10 different ethnic groups in the United States. Data was obtained from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), a national household probability sample collected in 2001⁻2003. Data for this study included a sample of 17,729 individuals with the following ethnic profile: 520 Vietnamese, 508 Filipino, 600 Chinese, 656 Other Asian, 577 Cuban, 495 Puerto Rican, 1442 Mexican, 1106 Other Hispanic, 4746 African American, and 7587 Non-Latino Whites. Gender, SES (education and income), BMI, SRH, MDD, and presence of EDs were measured across different ethnic groups. Logistic regression analysis was conducted for each ethnic group with lifetime EDs as the main outcome. Ethnic group varied in psychosocial and health correlates of EDs. In most ethnic groups, gender and SES were not associated with EDs. In almost all ethnic groups, EDs were associated with MDD and BMI. EDs were found to be associated with SRH in half of the ethnic groups studied. The associations between gender, SES, BMI, SRH, MDD, and EDs vary across different ethnic groups. These differences must be considered in further studies and in clinical practice in order to improve our approach towards diagnosis and treatment of EDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
- Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Mariana R DeFreitas
- Medical School, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The Risk factors for Binge Eating Disorder in Overweight (REO) questionnaire is a screening tool for nutritionists to discriminate between individuals with obesity with and without Binge Eating Disorder (BED). The first study tested the discriminative ability of the REO and identified an optimal cut-off value. In the second study this cut-off value was used to identify individuals with and without BED from a sample of individuals with obesity visiting a nutritionist and compared clinical and personality characteristics with a group of individuals officially diagnosed with BED. Results showed that the REO has a sensitivity of 95.1%, specificity of 81.5%, a good internal consistency of α=.96, and an exploratory factor analysis showed four underlying factors of the REO that explained a total variance of 63.7%. Characteristics of individuals with BED symptoms identified by the REO and those officially diagnosed with BED were comparable and differed from individuals with obesity without BED symptoms. By screening individuals with obesity with the REO those presenting with BED symptoms are more easily identified, and can be referred to psychological treatment facilities for further assessment and appropriate treatment.
Collapse
|
30
|
Boulanger H, Tebeka S, Girod C, Lloret-Linares C, Meheust J, Scott J, Guillaume S, Courtet P, Bellivier F, Delavest M. Binge eating behaviours in bipolar disorders. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:482-488. [PMID: 28865369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research, especially from the USA, suggests that comorbid binge eating (BE) behaviour and BE disorder are frequent in individuals with Bipolar Disorder (BD). Although basic clinical associations between BD and BE have been investigated, less is known about psychological or temperamental dimensions and qualitative aspects of eating habits. In a French cohort of patients with BD, we investigated the prevalence of BE behaviour and any associations with illness characteristics, anxiety, impulsivity, emotional regulation and eating habits. METHODS 145 outpatients with BD (I and II) were assessed for the presence of BE behaviour using the Binge Eating Scale (BES). Characteristics identified in univariate analyses as differentiating BD cases with and without BE behaviour were then included in a backward stepwise logistic regression (BSLR) model. RESULTS In this sample, 18.6% of BD patients met criteria for BE behaviour. Multivariate analysis (BSLR) indicated that shorter duration of BD, and higher levels of anxiety and emotional reactivity were observed in BD with compared to BD without BE behaviour. LIMITATIONS Relatively small sample referred to specialist BD clinics and cross-sectional evaluation meant that it was not possible to differentiate between state and trait levels of impulsivity, emotional instability and disinhibition. These dimensions may also overlap with mood symptoms. CONCLUSION BE behaviour is common in females and males with BD. Emotional dysregulation and anxiety may represent important shared vulnerability factors for worse outcome of BD and increased likelihood of BE behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hortense Boulanger
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal, Departement de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 3ème Secteur de Psychiatrie Adulte, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Tebeka
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal, Departement de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; AP-HP, Louis Mourier, Department of Psychiatry, Colombes, France / Centre for Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Inserm U894, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Girod
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHRU Montpellier / INSERM U1061, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Célia Lloret-Linares
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal, Therapeutic Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Paris, France; Inserm, UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Descartes- Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Julie Meheust
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal, Departement de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France
| | - Jan Scott
- Department of Academic Psychiatry, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK / Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, IPPN, Kings College, London, UK
| | - Sébastien Guillaume
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHRU Montpellier / INSERM U1061, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHRU Montpellier / INSERM U1061, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal, Departement de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; Inserm, UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Descartes- Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
| | - Marine Delavest
- AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, Fernand Widal, Departement de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France; Inserm, UMR-S 1144, Université Paris Descartes- Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mason TB, Crosby RD, Kolotkin RL, Grilo CM, Mitchell JE, Wonderlich SA, Crow SJ, Peterson CB. Correlates of weight-related quality of life among individuals with binge eating disorder before and after cognitive behavioral therapy. Eat Behav 2017; 27:1-6. [PMID: 28843136 PMCID: PMC5700842 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with obesity and binge eating disorder (BED) report poorer weight-related quality of life (WRQOL) compared to individuals with obesity alone. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), the best available treatment for BED, does not consistently produce weight loss or improvements in weight QOL. The purpose of the current study was to examine baseline and longitudinal associations between eating-related and psychosocial variables and dimensions of weight QOL. We examined associations between predictor variables, including body mass index (BMI), eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, and psychosocial factors, in relation to three dimensions of WRQOL among 171 patients whom received CBT for BED. Participants completed interviews and self-report measures at baseline prior to CBT and at end of treatment. At baseline the following associations were significant: BMI, ED psychopathology, and self-esteem were associated with weight-related self-esteem; gender, BMI, and self-esteem were associated with weight-related public distress (i.e., stigma and worry in public because of one's weight); and age, BMI, and ED psychopathology were associated with weight-related physical function. At end of treatment, the following associations were significant: changes in ED psychopathology and coping predicted weight-related self-esteem; changes in coping and self-esteem predicted weight-related public distress; and changes in BMI and subjective binge eating predicted weight-related physical function. Overall, changes in a number of ED and associated symptoms were associated with improvements in WRQOL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Ronette L Kolotkin
- Quality of Life Consulting, Durham, NC, United States; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States; Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Førde, Norway; Centre of Health Research, Førde Hospital Trust, Førde, Norway; Morbid Obesity Centre, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Carlos M Grilo
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - James E Mitchell
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Stephen A Wonderlich
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Scott J Crow
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States; The Emily Program, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Carol B Peterson
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States; The Emily Program, St. Paul, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Emotion Regulation in Binge Eating Disorder: A Review. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111274. [PMID: 29165348 PMCID: PMC5707746 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present review is to provide a summary of the research findings on emotion regulation in Binge Eating Disorder (BED). Negative emotions and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies play a role in the onset and maintenance of binge eating in BED. Anger and sadness, along with negative emotions related to interpersonal experiences (i.e., disappointment, being hurt or loneliness), seem to be particularly relevant. Individuals with BED have a tendency to suppress and ruminate on their unwanted emotions, which leads to increased psychopathological thoughts and symptoms. Compared to healthy controls, they use adaptive strategies, such as reappraisal, less frequently. Evidence concerning the causal relation between negative affect and binge eating is inconclusive and still very limited. While experimental studies in a laboratory setting lack ecological validity, ecological momentary assessment studies offer more promise at unraveling the causal relationship between emotions and binge eating. Increases in negative affect are found to be antecedents of binge eating in BED. However, there seems to be less support for the possibility that binge eating serves as a means to alleviate negative affect. Finally, BED seems to be related to other forms of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, such as substance abuse and self-harm.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder with estimates of 2-5% of the general adult population. Nonetheless, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Furthermore, there exist few therapeutic options for its effective treatment. Here we review the current state of binge-eating neurobiology and pharmacology, drawing from clinical therapeutic, neuroimaging, cognitive, human genetic and animal model studies. These studies, which are still in their infancy, indicate that while there are many gaps in our knowledge, several key neural substrates appear to underpin binge-eating and may be conserved between human and animals. This observation suggests that behavioral intermediate phenotypes or endophenotypes relevant to BED may be modeled in animals, facilitating the identification and testing of novel pharmacological targets. The development of novel, safe and effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of BED will enhance the ability of clinicians to provide optimal care for people with BED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Hutson
- Department of Neurobiology, CNS Discovery, Teva Pharmaceuticals, West Chester, PA, USA.
| | - Iris M Balodis
- Peter Boris Centre for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bake T, Baron J, Duncan JS, Morgan DGA, Mercer JG. Arcuate nucleus homeostatic systems reflect blood leptin concentration but not feeding behaviour during scheduled feeding on a high-fat diet in mice. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 29:e12498. [PMID: 28653356 PMCID: PMC5601252 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypothalamic homeostatic and forebrain reward-related genes were examined in the context of scheduled meal feeding without caloric restriction in C57BL/6 mice. Mice fed ad libitum but allowed access to a palatable high-fat (HF) diet for 2 hours a day rapidly adapted their feeding behaviour and consumed approximately 80% of their daily caloric intake during this 2-hour scheduled feed. Gene expression levels were examined during either the first or second hour of scheduled feeding vs 24 hours ad libitum feeding on the same HF diet. Gene expression of neuropeptide Y, agouti-related peptide, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, pro-opiomelanocortin, long-form leptin receptor and suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), as well as enkephalin, dynorphin, dopamine-2-receptor and dopamine-3-receptor in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in the forebrain, were measured by in situ hybridisation. Mice fed ad libitum on a HF diet had the highest total caloric intake, body weight gain, fat mass and serum leptin, whereas schedule-fed mice had a mild obese phenotype with intermediate total caloric intake, body weight gain, fat mass and serum leptin. The effects of feeding regime on ARC gene expression were emphasised by significant positive or negative correlations with body weight gain, fat mass and blood leptin, although they did not appear to be related to feeding behaviour in the schedule-fed groups (ie, the large, binge-type meals) and did not reveal any potential candidates for the regulation of these meals. Mechanisms underlying large meal/binge-type eating may be regulated by nonhomeostatic hedonic processes. However, assessment of opioid and dopamine receptor gene expression in the NAcc did not reveal evidence of involvement of these genes in regulating large meals. This complements our previous characterisation of ARC and NAcc genes in schedule-fed mice and rats, although it still leaves open the fundamental question about the underlying mechanisms of meal feeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T. Bake
- Obesity and Food Choice ThemeRowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
- Present address:
Department of Physiology/EndocrinologyInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - J. Baron
- Obesity and Food Choice ThemeRowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - J. S. Duncan
- Obesity and Food Choice ThemeRowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - D. G. A. Morgan
- AstraZeneca, MeresideMacclesfieldUK
- Present address:
School of PharmacyKeele UniversityStaffordshireUK
| | - J. G. Mercer
- Obesity and Food Choice ThemeRowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Blostein F, Assari S, Caldwell CH. Gender and Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Body Image Dissatisfaction and Binge Eating Disorder among Blacks. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017; 4:529-538. [PMID: 27352115 PMCID: PMC10867815 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-016-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The research on binge eating has overwhelmingly focused on Whites. We aimed to study gender and ethnic differences in the association between body image dissatisfaction and binge eating in a nationally representative sample of Black adults in the USA. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL), 2003-2004. Self-identified Caribbean Black (n = 1621) and African American (3570) adults aged 18 and older were enrolled. The independent variable was body dissatisfaction measured with two items. Using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI), outcome was lifetime binge eating without hierarchy according to the DSM-IV criteria. Covariates included age, socioeconomic factors (i.e., education and marital status), and body mass index. Ethnicity and gender were focal moderators. Logistic regressions were used for data analysis. RESULTS Despite comparable prevalence of lifetime binge eating (5 vs 4 %, p > 0.05), African Americans reported higher body image dissatisfaction than Caribbean Blacks (36 vs 29 %, p > 0.05). In the pooled sample, body dissatisfaction was a strong predictor of lifetime binge eating disorders. There was a significant interaction (p = 0.039) between ethnicity and body image dissatisfaction on binge eating, suggesting a stronger association between body image dissatisfaction and lifetime binge eating for Caribbean Blacks (OR = 11.65, 95 % 6.89-19.72) than African Americans (OR = 6.72, 95 % CI 3.97-11.37). Gender did not interact with body image dissatisfaction on binge eating. CONCLUSION Ethnic variation in the link between body image dissatisfaction and binge eating may be due to within-race cultural differences in body image between African Americans and Caribbean Blacks. This may include different definitions, norms, and expectations regarding the body size. Findings suggest that ethnicity may bias relevance of body image dissatisfaction as a diagnostic criterion for binge eating disorders among diverse populations of Blacks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Freida Blostein
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 2858 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Shervin Assari
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 2858 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cleopatra Howard Caldwell
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, 2858 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Castelnuovo G, Pietrabissa G, Manzoni GM, Cattivelli R, Rossi A, Novelli M, Varallo G, Molinari E. Cognitive behavioral therapy to aid weight loss in obese patients: current perspectives. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2017; 10:165-173. [PMID: 28652832 PMCID: PMC5476722 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s113278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic condition associated with risk factors for many medical complications and comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, some types of cancer, osteoarthritis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, type-2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and different psychosocial issues and psychopathological disorders. Obesity is a highly complex, multifactorial disease: genetic, biological, psychological, behavioral, familial, social, cultural, and environmental factors can influence in different ways. Evidence-based strategies to improve weight loss, maintain a healthy weight, and reduce related comorbidities typically integrate different interventions: dietetic, nutritional, physical, behavioral, psychological, and if necessary, pharmacological and surgical ones. Such treatments are implemented in a multidisciplinary context with a clinical team composed of endocrinologists, nutritionists, dietitians, physiotherapists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and sometimes surgeons. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is traditionally recognized as the best established treatment for binge eating disorder and the most preferred intervention for obesity, and could be considered as the first-line treatment among psychological approaches, especially in a long-term perspective; however, it does not necessarily produce a successful weight loss. Traditional CBT for weight loss and other protocols, such as enhanced CBT, enhanced focused CBT, behavioral weight loss treatment, therapeutic education, acceptance and commitment therapy, and sequential binge, are discussed in this review. The issue of long-term weight management of obesity, the real challenge in outpatient settings and in lifestyle modification, is discussed taking into account the possible contribution of mHealth and the stepped-care approach in health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan
| | - Gian Mauro Manzoni
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy
| | - Roberto Cattivelli
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
| | - Margherita Novelli
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
| | - Giorgia Varallo
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
| | - Enrico Molinari
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Verbania
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Heal DJ, Hallam M, Prow M, Gosden J, Cheetham S, Choi YK, Tarazi F, Hutson P. Dopamine and μ-opioid receptor dysregulation in the brains of binge-eating female rats - possible relevance in the psychopathology and treatment of binge-eating disorder. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:770-783. [PMID: 28376679 DOI: 10.1177/0269881117699607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Adult, female rats given irregular, limited access to chocolate develop binge-eating behaviour with normal bodyweight and compulsive/perseverative and impulsive behaviours similar to those in binge-eating disorder. We investigated whether (a) dysregulated central nervous system dopaminergic and opioidergic systems are part of the psychopathology of binge-eating and (b) these neurotransmitter systems may mediate the actions of drugs ameliorating binge-eating disorder psychopathology. Binge-eating produced a 39% reduction of striatal D1 receptors with 22% and 23% reductions in medial and lateral caudate putamen and a 22% increase of striatal μ-opioid receptors. There was no change in D1 receptor density in nucleus accumbens, medial prefrontal cortex or dorsolateral frontal cortex, striatal D2 receptors and dopamine reuptake transporter sites, or μ-opioid receptors in frontal cortex. There were no changes in ligand affinities. The concentrations of monoamines, metabolites and estimates of dopamine (dopamine/dihydroxyphenylacetic acid ratio) and serotonin/5-hydroxyindolacetic acid ratio turnover rates were unchanged in striatum and frontal cortex. However, turnover of dopamine and serotonin in the hypothalamus was increased ~20% and ~15%, respectively. Striatal transmission via D1 receptors is decreased in binge-eating rats while μ-opioid receptor signalling may be increased. These changes are consistent with the attenuation of binge-eating by lisdexamfetamine, which increases catecholaminergic neurotransmission, and nalmefene, a μ-opioid antagonist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong K Choi
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Frank Tarazi
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Peter Hutson
- 3 Shire Development Inc., Lexington, MA, USA.,4 Neurobiology, Teva Pharmaceuticals, West Chester, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lee I, Cooney LG, Saini S, Smith ME, Sammel MD, Allison KC, Dokras A. Increased risk of disordered eating in polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2017; 107:796-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
39
|
Pinto-Gouveia J, Carvalho SA, Palmeira L, Castilho P, Duarte C, Ferreira C, Duarte J, Cunha M, Matos M, Costa J. Incorporating psychoeducation, mindfulness and self-compassion in a new programme for binge eating (BEfree): Exploring processes of change. J Health Psychol 2016; 24:466-479. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105316676628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the efficacy of BEfree, a 12-session group intervention that integrates psychoeducation, mindfulness, compassion and value-based action, in a sample of overweight and obese women with binge eating disorder ( N = 31). We used repeated measures analyses of variance and explored processes of change in binge eating and eating psychopathology. At post-intervention, participants decreased in binge eating severity, eating psychopathology, external shame, self-criticism, psychological inflexibility, body image cognitive fusion and increased self-compassion and engagement with valued actions. These results were maintained at 3- and 6-month follow-up. The changes in binge eating were mediated by the changes in the psychological processes promoted by BEfree.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marina Cunha
- CINEICC, University of Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Miguel Torga (ISMT), Portugal
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Stotland SC, Larocque M. Convergent Validity of the Larocque Obesity Questionnaire and Self-Reported Behavior during Obesity Treatment. Psychol Rep 2016; 95:1031-42. [PMID: 15666952 DOI: 10.2466/pr0.95.3.1031-1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A validation study of the Larocque Obesity Questionnaire designed for use in obesity treatment was performed. Unlike other measures of obesity, this questionnaire includes scales measuring general emotional state as well as eating behavior. Subscales measured uncontrolled eating, physical stress responses, depression, and perfectionism. Subjects were 458 women and 79 men in treatment for obesity by general practitioners. The subscales showed acceptable internal consistency and related in predictable ways to measures of eating behavior, depression, self-criticism, stress, physical complaints and weight-control motivation. Subjects in the heaviest weight category (Body Mass Index ≥ 40) showed higher scores on Stress Response and Depression subscales. There were no significant sex differences, after controlling for weight. All four subscales showed significant improvement after 5 wk., which indicates their sensitivity to changes during treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S C Stotland
- McGill University, MLA Nutrition Clinics, Montreal, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dorard G, Khorramian-Pour M. [Binge eating disorder: Links with personality and emotionality]. Encephale 2016; 43:114-119. [PMID: 27374156 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our two objectives were: (1) to investigate the relationship between binge eating disorder, dimensions of personality (according to the Big Five model of Costa and McCrae) and those of emotionality in the "tripartite" model of emotions of Watson and Clark; (2) to evaluate the correspondence between the Binge Eating Scale (BES) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-2) scores. METHOD Four self-administered questionnaires were completed on a shared doc website: the EDI-2, the BES, the BFI-Fr (Big Five Inventory-French version) and the EPN-31 (Positive and Negative Emotionality Scale). The analyses were conducted in a sample of 101 participants (36 men and 65 women), aged 20-59 years (mean age=35.28±9.76) from the general population. RESULTS We found that 11% of the participants had moderate to severe binge eating disorder. Among them, nearly 4% were overweight and 4% were obese. The correlations analyses indicated that binge eating disorder was associated with two dimensions of personality, the neuroticism (P=0.001) and the consciousness (P=0.010), and with the emotions of joy (P=0.008), tenderness (P=0.036), fear (P=0.011), shame (P<0.001) and sadness (P=0.009). From a comparative perspective, participants with binge eating disorder get higher scores on EDI-2 subscales: search for thinness (P=0.001), bulimia (P<0.001), dissatisfaction with the body (P<0.001) and interceptive awareness (P<0.001). CONCLUSION These results suggest that binge eating disorder is associated with negative affectivity both as a personality dimension and as an emotional feeling. The patterns of associations, observed with the EDI scale, seem to confirm the good convergent validity of the Binge Eating Scale. Thus, like other eating disorders, emotional functioning should be a prime target for prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Dorard
- Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, EA 4057, IUPDP, institut Henri-Piéron, université Paris Descartes, 71, avenue Édouard-Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - M Khorramian-Pour
- Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, EA 4057, IUPDP, institut Henri-Piéron, université Paris Descartes, 71, avenue Édouard-Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Heal DJ, Goddard S, Brammer RJ, Hutson PH, Vickers SP. Lisdexamfetamine reduces the compulsive and perseverative behaviour of binge-eating rats in a novel food reward/punished responding conflict model. J Psychopharmacol 2016; 30:662-75. [PMID: 27170676 DOI: 10.1177/0269881116647506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Compulsive and perseverative behaviour in binge-eating, female, Wistar rats was investigated in a novel food reward/punished responding conflict model. Rats were trained to perform the conditioned avoidance response task. When proficient, the paradigm was altered to a food-associated conflict test by placing a chocolate-filled jar (empty jar for controls) in one compartment of the shuttle box. Entry into the compartment with the jar triggered the conditioning stimulus after a variable interval, and foot-shock 10 seconds later if the rat did not leave. Residence in the 'safe' compartment with no jar did not initiate trials or foot-shocks. By frequently entering the chocolate-paired compartment, binge-eating rats completed their 10 trials more quickly than non-binge controls. Binge-eating rats spent a greater percentage of the session in the chocolate-paired compartment, received foot-shocks more frequently, and tolerated foot-shocks for longer periods; all consistent with compulsive and perseverative behaviour. The d-amphetamine prodrug, lisdexamfetamine, has recently received US approval for the treatment of moderate to severe binge-eating disorder in adults. Lisdexamfetamine (0.8 mg/kg po [d-amphetamine base]) decreased chocolate consumption by binge-eating rats by 55% and markedly reduced compulsive and perseverative responding in the model. These findings complement clinical results showing lisdexamfetamine reduced compulsiveness scores in subjects with binge-eating disorder.
Collapse
|
43
|
Hardaway JA, Jensen J, Kim M, Mazzone CM, Sugam JA, Diberto JF, Lowery-Gionta EG, Hwa LS, Pleil KE, Bulik CM, Kash TL. Nociceptin receptor antagonist SB 612111 decreases high fat diet binge eating. Behav Brain Res 2016; 307:25-34. [PMID: 27036650 PMCID: PMC4896639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Binge eating is a dysregulated form of feeding behavior that occurs in multiple eating disorders including binge-eating disorder, the most common eating disorder. Feeding is a complex behavioral program supported through the function of multiple brain regions and influenced by a diverse array of receptor signaling pathways. Previous studies have shown the overexpression of the opioid neuropeptide nociceptin (orphanin FQ, N/OFQ) can induce hyperphagia, but the role of endogenous nociceptin receptor (NOP) in naturally occurring palatability-induced hyperphagia is unknown. In this study we adapted a simple, replicable form of binge eating of high fat food (HFD). We found that male and female C57BL/6J mice provided with daily one-hour access sessions to HFD eat significantly more during this period than those provided with continuous 24h access. This form of feeding is rapid and entrained. Chronic intermittent HFD binge eating produced hyperactivity and increased light zone exploration in the open field and light-dark assays respectively. Treatment with the potent and selective NOP antagonist SB 612111 resulted in a significant dose-dependent reduction in binge intake in both male and female mice, and, unlike treatment with the serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine, produced no change in total 24-h food intake. SB 612111 treatment also significantly decreased non-binge-like acute HFD consumption in male mice. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that high fat binge eating is modulated by NOP signaling and that the NOP system may represent a promising novel receptor to explore for the treatment of binge eating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Andrew Hardaway
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Jensen
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michelle Kim
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christopher M Mazzone
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jonathan A Sugam
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey F Diberto
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Emily G Lowery-Gionta
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lara S Hwa
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristen E Pleil
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia M Bulik
- UNC Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas L Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; UNC Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Aller EEJG, van Baak MA. Evaluation of an 18-month commercial multidisciplinary obesity treatment programme. Clin Obes 2016; 6:33-41. [PMID: 26573718 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of obesity is an often studied subject. Although reductions in weight and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors are important aims of obesity treatment, improvements in quality of life and eating behaviour are also relevant outcomes. In this practice-based study, we evaluated an 18-month commercial multidisciplinary obesity treatment programme and report on treatment results for weight, cardiometabolic risk factors, eating behaviour and quality of life. From a local commercial obesity treatment centre, 426 subjects (65% female; 45.4 ± 12.2 years; body mass index 40.0 ± 6.6 kg m(-2)) were recruited. Measurements of body weight, height, body composition, waist circumference and blood pressure were scheduled at baseline and every 3 months, whereas fasting blood collections were scheduled at baseline and every 6 months. At the same time points, participants were asked to fill in questionnaires on dietary intake, eating behaviour and quality of life. After 18 months of treatment programme, average weight change [mean (95% confidence interval)] was -10.9 kg (-14.8 to -7.0; P < 0.001) for the completers (n = 181) and -10.8 kg (-14.2 to -7.4; P < 0.001) for the intention-to-treat population (n = 426). Waist circumference (mean ± standard error of the mean) (-0.13 ± 0.01 cm; P < 0.001), fat mass (-7.8 ± 1.3 kg; P < 0.001) systolic (-11.4 ± 2.0; P < 0.001) and diastolic (-7.0 ± 1.3; P < 0.001) blood pressure, triglycerides (-0.4 ± 0.1; P = 0.004) and plasma glucose (-0.6 ± 0.2; P = 0.001) were significantly reduced. The PCS scale of the SF-36 and all three scales of the three-factor eating questionnaire improved significantly over the 18-month treatment period. All collected data in this study provide evidence that a multidisciplinary treatment programme based on lifestyle modification results in significant weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, quality of life and eating behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E E J G Aller
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M A van Baak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Dingemans AE, Visser H, Paul L, van Furth EF. Set-shifting abilities, mood and loss of control over eating in binge eating disorder: An experimental study. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:242-8. [PMID: 26365690 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Executive functions play an important role in problem-solving and self-control. Set-shifting is an aspect of executive functioning and represents cognitive flexibility. The inability to control eating in Binge Eating Disorder (BED) may imply deficits in set-shifting which could be exacerbated by negative mood and depressive symptoms. The aim of the study was to test whether there is a causal relationship between set-shifting ability, changes in mood and loss of control over eating in BED. Seventy-five participants diagnosed with BED were randomly assigned to a negative or neutral mood induction. Set-shifting abilities, depressive symptoms, current mood and loss of control over eating were assessed. Having depressive symptoms and poorer set-shifting abilities resulted in a more negative mood after a negative mood induction, whereas this was not observed in the neutral mood induction. Post-hoc analyses revealed that individuals with poorer set-shifting abilities and more changes in negative mood, experienced more feelings of loss of control over eating than individuals whose set-shifting abilities were better and whose mood did not change. The results suggest that both depressive symptoms and deficits in set-shifting abilities may decrease an individual's ability to handle negative affect and increase loss of control over eating in individuals with BED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiske Visser
- Center for Eating Disorders Ursula, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Paul
- PsyQ Division Eating Disorders and Obesity, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric F van Furth
- Center for Eating Disorders Ursula, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Vickers SP, Hackett D, Murray F, Hutson PH, Heal DJ. Effects of lisdexamfetamine in a rat model of binge-eating. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:1290-307. [PMID: 26589243 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115615107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder is a common psychiatric disorder affecting ~2% of adults. Binge-eating was initiated in freely-fed, lean, adult, female rats by giving unpredictable, intermittent access to ground, milk chocolate over four weeks. The rats avidly consumed chocolate during 2 hr binge sessions, with compensatory reductions of normal chow intake in these sessions and the days thereafter. Bodyweights of binge-eating rats were normal. The model's predictive validity was explored using nalmefene (0.1-1.0mg/kg), R-baclofen (1.0-10mg/kg) and SB-334867 (3.0-30 mg/kg) (orexin-1 antagonist), which all selectively decreased chocolate bingeing without reducing chow intake. Sibutramine (0.3-5.0mg/kg) non-selectively reduced chocolate and chow consumption. Olanzapine (0.3-3.0mg/kg) was without effect and rolipram (1.0-10mg/kg) abolished all ingestive behaviour. The pro-drug, lisdexamfetamine (LDX; 0.1-1.5mg/kg), dose-dependently reduced chocolate bingeing by ⩽ 71% without significantly decreasing normal chow intake. Its metabolite, D-amphetamine (0.1-1.0mg/kg), dose-dependently and preferentially decreased chocolate bingeing ⩽ 56%. Using selective antagonists to characterize LDX's actions revealed the reduction of chocolate bingeing was partially blocked by prazosin (α1-adrenoceptor; 0.3 and 1.0mg/kg) and possibly by SCH-23390 (D1; 0.1mg/kg). RX821002 (α2-adrenoceptor; 0.1 and 0.3mg/kg) and raclopride (D2; 0.3 and 0.5mg/kg) were without effect. The results indicate that LDX, via its metabolite, d-amphetamine, reduces chocolate bingeing, partly by indirect activation of α1-adrenoceptors and perhaps D1 receptors.
Collapse
|
47
|
Greater anterior cingulate activation and connectivity in response to visual and auditory high-calorie food cues in binge eating: Preliminary findings. Appetite 2015; 96:195-202. [PMID: 26275334 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Obese individuals show altered neural responses to high-calorie food cues. Individuals with binge eating [BE], who exhibit heightened impulsivity and emotionality, may show a related but distinct pattern of irregular neural responses. However, few neuroimaging studies have compared BE and non-BE groups. To examine neural responses to food cues in BE, 10 women with BE and 10 women without BE (non-BE) who were matched for obesity (5 obese and 5 lean in each group) underwent fMRI scanning during presentation of visual (picture) and auditory (spoken word) cues representing high energy density (ED) foods, low-ED foods, and non-foods. We then compared regional brain activation in BE vs. non-BE groups for high-ED vs. low-ED foods. To explore differences in functional connectivity, we also compared psychophysiologic interactions [PPI] with dorsal anterior cingulate cortex [dACC] for BE vs. non-BE groups. Region of interest (ROI) analyses revealed that the BE group showed more activation than the non-BE group in the dACC, with no activation differences in the striatum or orbitofrontal cortex [OFC]. Exploratory PPI analyses revealed a trend towards greater functional connectivity with dACC in the insula, cerebellum, and supramarginal gyrus in the BE vs. non-BE group. Our results suggest that women with BE show hyper-responsivity in the dACC as well as increased coupling with other brain regions when presented with high-ED cues. These differences are independent of body weight, and appear to be associated with the BE phenotype.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hardaway JA, Crowley NA, Bulik CM, Kash TL. Integrated circuits and molecular components for stress and feeding: implications for eating disorders. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2015; 14:85-97. [PMID: 25366309 PMCID: PMC4465370 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Eating disorders are complex brain disorders that afflict millions of individuals worldwide. The etiology of these diseases is not fully understood, but a growing body of literature suggests that stress and anxiety may play a critical role in their development. As our understanding of the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to disease in clinical populations like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder continue to grow, neuroscientists are using animal models to understand the neurobiology of stress and feeding. We hypothesize that eating disorder clinical phenotypes may result from stress-induced maladaptive alterations in neural circuits that regulate feeding, and that these circuits can be neurochemically isolated using animal model of eating disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Hardaway
- Bowles Alcohol Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - N. A. Crowley
- Bowles Alcohol Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - C. M. Bulik
- UNC Eating Disorders Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T. L. Kash
- Bowles Alcohol Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lapidoth JDM, von Hausswolff-Juhlin Y. Eating disorder symptoms, psychiatric correlates and self-image in normal, overweight and obese eating disorder patients. Eat Weight Disord 2014; 19:233-40. [PMID: 24639071 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-014-0112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The impression from Swedish eating disorder (ED) units is that there has been an increase in the number of overweight or obese patients. There is, however, no research studying whether these patients differ from normal-weight ED patients in other aspects than weight. Differences between normal-weight and overweight or obese ED patients could indicate that these groups of patients need different treatment approaches. The aim of this study was to investigate possible differences between normal-weight and overweight or obese ED patients in psychiatric and psychological pre-treatment variables. The study was based on data from a Swedish quality assurance system for ED care. In total, data from 3,798 adult patients with body mass index ≥ 18.5 were used. The sample included all normal-weight ED diagnoses. Significant differences between normal-weight, overweight and obese patients were found for five of eight self-image variables, for all eating disorder examination questionnaire subscales and for most key diagnostic symptoms. However, effect sizes were mostly small or very small. Overweight or obese patients did not display greater levels of psychiatric psychopathology than normal-weight patients. They did, however, show a tendency towards more negative self-image and more severe ED symptoms than normal-weight patients. Overweight and obesity in ED patients are thus not only associated with physical health problems, but also with mental health issues. Further studies are required to investigate the clinical relevance of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joakim de Man Lapidoth
- Stockholm Centre for Eating Disorders and Karolinska Institutet, Wollmar Yxkullsgatan 25, 2 tr, 11850, Stockholm, Sweden,
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Parker K, Brennan L. Measurement of disordered eating in bariatric surgery candidates: a systematic review of the literature. Obes Res Clin Pract 2014; 9:12-25. [PMID: 25660171 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Symptoms of disordered eating are common among patients seeking bariatric surgery, and assessment of eating pathology is typical in pre-surgical evaluations. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the definitions, diagnostic criteria and measures used to assess disordered eating in adults seeking bariatric surgery. The review identified 147 articles featuring 34 questionnaires and 45 interviews used in pre-surgical assessments. The Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns Revised and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM were the most frequently used questionnaire and interview respectively. Variations to pre-surgical diagnostic criteria included changes to the frequency and duration criteria for binge eating, and inconsistent use of disordered eating definitions (e.g., grazing). Results demonstrate a paucity of measures designed specifically for an obese sample, and only 24% of questionnaires and 4% of interviews used had any reported psychometric evaluation in bariatric surgery candidates. The psychometric data available suggest that interview assessments are critical for accurately identifying binge episodes and other diagnostic information, while self-report questionnaires may be valuable for providing additional information of clinical utility (e.g., severity of eating, shape and weight-related concerns). Findings highlight the need for consensus on disordered eating diagnostic criteria and psychometric evaluation of measures to determine whether existing measures provide a valid assessment of disordered eating in this population. Consistent diagnosis and the use of validated measures will facilitate accurate identification of disordered eating in the pre-surgical population to enable assessment of suitability for surgery and appropriate targeting of treatment for disordered eating to optimise treatment success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Parker
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|