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Amich J. The many roles of sulfur in the fungal-host interaction. Curr Opin Microbiol 2024; 79:102489. [PMID: 38754292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2024.102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur is an essential macronutrient for life, and consequently, all living organisms must acquire it from external sources to thrive and grow. Sulfur is a constituent of a multitude of crucial molecules, such as the S-containing proteinogenic amino acids cysteine and methionine; cofactors and prosthetic groups, such as coenzyme-A and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters; and other essential organic molecules, such as glutathione or S-adenosylmethionine. Additionally, sulfur in cysteine thiols is an active redox group that plays paramount roles in protein stability, enzyme catalysis, and redox homeostasis. Furthermore, H2S is gaining more attention as a crucial signaling molecule that influences metabolism and physiological functions. Given its importance, it is not surprising that sulfur plays key roles in the host-pathogen interaction. However, in contrast to its well-recognized involvement in the plant-pathogen interaction, the specific contributions of sulfur to the human-fungal interaction are much less understood. In this short review, I highlight some of the most important known mechanisms and propose directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Amich
- Mycology Reference Laboratory (Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Micología [LRIM]), National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Xu S, Ramush G, Yang IJ, Das E, Shieh M, Xian M. Geminal-dithiol-based precursors for reactive sulfur species. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5606-5609. [PMID: 38712962 PMCID: PMC11112547 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01003e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Caged gem-dithiols have been developed as the donors of reactive sulfur species (RSS), but the chemistry of free gem-dithiols as RSS donors has not been well understood. Herein, we report the study of a free gem-dithiol, 1,3-diphenylpropane-2,2-dithiol, as the precursor for several RSS. It releases H2S under physiological conditions and can be converted to a mono-S-nitrosothiol, which serves as a NO donor. Furthermore, it can be converted to 3,3-dibenzyldithiirane, which is an active sulfur transfer reagent and can induce S-persulfidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, USA.
| | - Geat Ramush
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, USA.
| | - Iris J Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, USA.
| | - Eshani Das
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, USA.
| | - Meg Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, USA.
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, USA.
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Smirnova G, Tyulenev A, Sutormina L, Kalashnikova T, Muzyka N, Ushakov V, Samoilova Z, Oktyabrsky O. Regulation of Cysteine Homeostasis and Its Effect on Escherichia coli Sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin in LB Medium. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4424. [PMID: 38674008 PMCID: PMC11050555 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cysteine and its derivatives, including H2S, can influence bacterial virulence and sensitivity to antibiotics. In minimal sulfate media, H2S is generated under stress to prevent excess cysteine and, together with incorporation into glutathione and export into the medium, is a mechanism of cysteine homeostasis. Here, we studied the features of cysteine homeostasis in LB medium, where the main source of sulfur is cystine, whose import can create excess cysteine inside cells. We used mutants in the mechanisms of cysteine homeostasis and a set of microbiological and biochemical methods, including the real-time monitoring of sulfide and oxygen, the determination of cysteine and glutathione (GSH), and the expression of the Fur, OxyR, and SOS regulons genes. During normal growth, the parental strain generated H2S when switching respiration to another substrate. The mutations affected the onset time, the intensity and duration of H2S production, cysteine and glutathione levels, bacterial growth and respiration rates, and the induction of defense systems. Exposure to chloramphenicol and high doses of ciprofloxacin increased cysteine content and GSH synthesis. A high inverse relationship between log CFU/mL and bacterial growth rate before ciprofloxacin addition was revealed. The study points to the important role of maintaining cysteine homeostasis during normal growth and antibiotic exposure in LB medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Smirnova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva 13, 614081 Perm, Russia; (A.T.); (L.S.); (T.K.); (N.M.); (V.U.); (Z.S.); (O.O.)
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4
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Wu Z, Bi Y, Zhang J, Gao T, Li X, Hao J, Li G, Liu P, Liu X. Multidrug resistance of Botrytis cinerea associated with its adaptation to plant secondary metabolites. mBio 2024; 15:e0223723. [PMID: 38259067 PMCID: PMC10865845 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02237-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungicides are an effective way to control gray mold of grapes, but the pathogen Botrytis cinerea can develop resistance, overcoming the effectiveness of a fungicide that is repeatedly applied. More importantly, the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in the field, where multiple fungicides with different modes of action simultaneously lose their efficacies, is a significant concern. MDR is associated with ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters of the pathogen, and certain plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) stimulate the upregulation of ABC transporters, we hypothesized that the pathogen's preadaptation to PSMs might contribute to MDR development. To test this in B. cinerea, ten PSMs, namely, resveratrol, reserpine, chalcone, flavanone, eugenol, farnesol, anethene, camptothecin, salicylic acid, and psoralen, were selected based on their association with ABC transporters involved in fungicide resistance. B. cinerea strain B05.10 was continuously transferred for 15 generations on potato dextrose agar amended with a PSM (PDAP), and sensitivities to PSMs and fungicides were examined on the 5th, 10th, and 15th generations. RNA was extracted from B. cinerea from the selected generations. After 15 generations of culture transfers, an up-regulation was observed in the expression of ABC transporter-encoding genes BcatrB, BcatrD, and BcatrK using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). This upregulation was found to contribute to MDR of B. cinerea against two or more fungicides, among azoxystrobin, boscalid, fludioxonil, difenoconazole, prochloraz, and pyrimethanil. This finding was confirmed through genetic transformation. The decreased sensitivity of B. cinerea to fungicides was confirmed as a subsequent MDR phenotype after exposure to camptothecin, flavanone, and resveratrol. Besides, transcriptome analysis also revealed the upregulation of transcription factors related to ABC expression following resveratrol exposure. This suggests that PSMs contributed to inducing preadaptation of B. cinerea, leading to subsequent MDR.IMPORTANCEThe emergence of MDR in plant pathogens is a threat to plant disease management and leads to the use of excessive fungicides. Botrytis cinerea is of particular concern because its MDR has widely emerged in the field. Understanding its genesis is the first step for controlling MDR. In this study, the contribution of PSMs to MDR has been examined. Effective management of this pathogen in agroecosystems relies on a better understanding of how it copes with phytochemicals or fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochen Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Bi
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junting Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tuqiang Gao
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueming Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Hao
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Guihua Li
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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5
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Dong CL, Wu T, Dong Y, Qu QW, Chen XY, Li YH. Exogenous methionine contributes to reversing the resistance of Streptococcus suis to macrolides. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0280323. [PMID: 38230928 PMCID: PMC10923279 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02803-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) has been increasingly recognized as a porcine zoonotic pathogen that threatens the health of both pigs and humans. Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus suis is becoming increasingly prevalent, and novel strategies to treat bacterial infections caused by these organisms are desperately needed. In the present study, an untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that the significant decrease in methionine content and the methionine biosynthetic pathway were significantly affected by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis in drug-resistant S. suis. The addition of L-methionine restored the bactericidal activity of macrolides, doxycycline, and ciprofloxacin on S. suis in vivo and in vitro. Further studies showed that the exogenous addition of methionine affects methionine metabolism by reducing S-adenosylmethionine synthetase activity and the contents of S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosyl homocysteine, and S-ribose homocysteine. Methionine can decrease the total methylation level and methylesterase activity in multidrug resistant S. suis. The drug transport proteins and efflux pump genes were significantly downregulated in S. suis by exogenous L-methionine. Moreover, the exogenous addition of methionine can reduce the survival of S. suis by affecting oxidative stress and metal starvation in bacteria. Thus, L-methionine may influence the development of resistance in S. suis through methyl metabolism and metal starvation. This study provides a new perspective on the mitigation of drug resistance in S. suis.IMPORTANCEBacterial antibiotic resistance has become a severe threat to human and animal health. Increasing the efficacy of existing antibiotics is a promising strategy against antibiotic resistance. Here, we report that L-methionine enhances the efficacy of macrolides, doxycycline, and ciprofloxacin antibiotics in killing Streptococcus suis, including multidrug-resistant pathogens. We investigated the mechanism of action of exogenous methionine supplementation in restoring macrolides in Streptococcus suis and the role of the methionine cycle pathway on methylation levels, efflux pump genes, oxidative stress, and metal starvation in Streptococcus suis. It provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of macrolides in clinical practice and also identifies a possible target for restoring drug resistance in Streptococcus suis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Liu Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qian-Wei Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xue-Ying Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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6
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Tikhomirova A, Rahman MM, Kidd SP, Ferrero RL, Roujeinikova A. Cysteine and resistance to oxidative stress: implications for virulence and antibiotic resistance. Trends Microbiol 2024; 32:93-104. [PMID: 37479622 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including the superoxide radical anion (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the hydroxyl radical (•HO), are inherent components of bacterial metabolism in an aerobic environment. Bacteria also encounter exogenous ROS, such as those produced by the host cells during the respiratory burst. As ROS have the capacity to damage bacterial DNA, proteins, and lipids, detoxification of ROS is critical for bacterial survival. It has been recently recognised that low-molecular-weight (LMW) thiols play a central role in this process. Here, we review the emerging role of cysteine in bacterial resistance to ROS with a link to broader elements of bacterial lifestyle closely associated with cysteine-mediated oxidative stress response, including virulence and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tikhomirova
- Monash University, Department of Microbiology, Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mohammad M Rahman
- University of Kentucky, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Stephen P Kidd
- University of Adelaide, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; University of Adelaide, Research Centre for Infectious Disease (RCID) and Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology (ACARE), Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Richard L Ferrero
- Monash University, Department of Microbiology, Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia; Monash University, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Anna Roujeinikova
- Monash University, Department of Microbiology, Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; Monash University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.
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7
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Sufian A, Badirujjaman M, Barman P, Bhabak KP. Dual-Stimuli-Activatable Hybrid Prodrug for the Self-Immolative Delivery of an Anticancer Agent and Hydrogen Sulfide with Turn-On Fluorescence. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302197. [PMID: 37665099 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive fluorogenic prodrugs are advantageous for the targeted drug delivery enabling real-time non-invasive monitoring with turn-on fluorescence. We report herein the dual-stimuli (ROS and CA)-responsive thiocarbamate-based prodrug (AM-TCB) for the turn-on fluorogenic delivery of the naphthalimide-based anticancer agent amonafide along with the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2 S). A carbamate-based prodrug AM-CB was also designed, capable of releasing the anticancer agent amonafide without any H2 S. The prodrugs were synthesized using multi-step organic synthesis. UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopic studies revealed selective reactivity of the boronate ester group of prodrugs towards ROS (primarily H2 O2 ) with the release of amonafide and COS/CO2 via self-immolative processes. Hydrolysis of the generated COS by carbonic anhydrase (CA) produces H2 S. While the prodrug AM-TCB retained the anticancer activity of free amonafide in cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and HeLa), unlike amonafide, it enhanced the cellular viability of the non-malignant cells (HEK-293). Fluorescence imaging in HeLa cells revealed the simultaneous delivery of the anticancer agent and H2 S from AM-TCB with turn-on fluorescence. Western blot studies further revealed the cytoprotective effects of the released H2 S from AM-TCB. The present adjuvant strategy therefore would be helpful in future for ameliorating the anticancer drug-induced side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Sufian
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Md Badirujjaman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Pallavi Barman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Krishna P Bhabak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
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8
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Qin CK, Yan L, Wang ZQ, Yu G, Mao GJ, Xu F, Li CY. A near-infrared fluorescent probe for detecting hydrogen sulfide with high selectivity in cells and ulcerative colitis in mice. Analyst 2023; 148:5724-5730. [PMID: 37840316 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01442h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Although hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a well-known toxic gas, its vital role as a gas transmitter in various physiological and pathological processes of living systems cannot be ignored. Relevant investigations indicate that endogenous H2S is involved in the development of ulcerative colitis pathology and is overexpressed in ulcerative colitis, and hence can be considered as an ulcerative colitis biomarker. Herein, an isophorone-xanthene-based NIR fluorescent probe (IX-H2S) was constructed to image H2S. Owing to its large conjugated structure, the probe exhibits a near-infrared emission wavelength of 770 nm with a large Stokes shift (186 nm). Moreover, IX-H2S has excellent selectivity for the detection of H2S without interference from other analytes including thiols. In addition, the probe has been successfully applied not only in fluorescence imaging of endogenous and exogenous H2S in living cells, but also in imaging of H2S in normal and ulcerative colitis mice. Encouraged by the eminent performance, IX-H2S is expected to be a potent "assistant" for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Kang Qin
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
| | - Ling Yan
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
| | - Guo Yu
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
| | - Guo-Jiang Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Fen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, PR China.
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9
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Pis Diez CM, Antelo GT, Dalia TN, Dalia AB, Giedroc DP, Capdevila DA. Increased intracellular persulfide levels attenuate HlyU-mediated hemolysin transcriptional activation in Vibrio cholerae. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105147. [PMID: 37567478 PMCID: PMC10509353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate host's immune system and resident commensal bacteria deploy a range of highly reactive small molecules that provide a barrier against infections by microbial pathogens. Gut pathogens, such as Vibrio cholerae, sense and respond to these stressors by modulating the expression of exotoxins that are crucial for colonization. Here, we employ mass spectrometry-based profiling, metabolomics, expression assays, and biophysical approaches to show that transcriptional activation of the hemolysin gene hlyA in V. cholerae is regulated by intracellular forms of sulfur with sulfur-sulfur bonds, termed reactive sulfur species (RSS). We first present a comprehensive sequence similarity network analysis of the arsenic repressor superfamily of transcriptional regulators, where RSS and hydrogen peroxide sensors segregate into distinct clusters of sequences. We show that HlyU, transcriptional activator of hlyA in V. cholerae, belongs to the RSS-sensing cluster and readily reacts with organic persulfides, showing no reactivity or DNA dissociation following treatment with glutathione disulfide or hydrogen peroxide. Surprisingly, in V. cholerae cell cultures, both sulfide and peroxide treatment downregulate HlyU-dependent transcriptional activation of hlyA. However, RSS metabolite profiling shows that both sulfide and peroxide treatment raise the endogenous inorganic sulfide and disulfide levels to a similar extent, accounting for this crosstalk, and confirming that V. cholerae attenuates HlyU-mediated activation of hlyA in a specific response to intracellular RSS. These findings provide new evidence that gut pathogens may harness RSS-sensing as an evolutionary adaptation that allows them to overcome the gut inflammatory response by modulating the expression of exotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian M Pis Diez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Giuliano T Antelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Triana N Dalia
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Ankur B Dalia
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
| | - Daiana A Capdevila
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Mazumder R, Hussain A, Rahman MM, Phelan JE, Campino S, Abdullah A, Clark TG, Mondal D. Genomic and functional portrait of multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide (H 2S)-producing variants of Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1206757. [PMID: 37577429 PMCID: PMC10414542 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1206757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical Escherichia coli forms exhibit unusual characteristics compared to typical strains. The H2S-producing variants of some atypical E. coli strains cause a wide range of illnesses in humans and animals. However, there are sparse reports on such strains worldwide. We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and detailed characterization of four H2S-producing E. coli variants from poultry and human clinical sources in Dhaka, Bangladesh. All four isolates were confirmed as E. coli using biochemical tests and genomic analysis, and were multidrug-resistant (MDR). WGS analysis including an additional Chinese strain, revealed diverse STs among the five H2S-producing E. coli genomes, with clonal complex ST10 being detected in 2 out of 5 genomes. The predominant phylogroup detected was group A (n = 4/5). The blaTEM1B (n = 5/5) was the most predominant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) gene, followed by different alleles of blaCTX-M (blaCTX-M -55,-65,-123; n = 3/5). Multiple plasmid replicons were detected, with IncX being the most common. One E. coli strain was classified as enteropathogenic E. coli. The genomes of all five isolates harbored five primary and four secondary function genes related to H2S production. These findings suggest the potential of these isolates to cause disease and spread antibiotic resistance. Therefore, such atypical E. coli forms should be included in differential diagnosis to understand the pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance and evolution of H2S-producing E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razib Mazumder
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arif Hussain
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Jody E. Phelan
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susana Campino
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Abdullah
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Taane G. Clark
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dinesh Mondal
- Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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11
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Blachier F. Amino Acid-Derived Bacterial Metabolites in the Colorectal Luminal Fluid: Effects on Microbial Communication, Metabolism, Physiology, and Growth. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1317. [PMID: 37317289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Undigested dietary and endogenous proteins, as well as unabsorbed amino acids, can move from the terminal part of the ileum into the large intestine, where they meet a dense microbial population. Exfoliated cells and mucus released from the large intestine epithelium also supply nitrogenous material to this microbial population. The bacteria in the large intestine luminal fluid release amino acids from the available proteins, and amino acids are then used for bacterial protein synthesis, energy production, and in other various catabolic pathways. The resulting metabolic intermediaries and end products can then accumulate in the colorectal fluid, and their concentrations appear to depend on different parameters, including microbiota composition and metabolic activity, substrate availability, and the capacity of absorptive colonocytes to absorb these metabolites. The aim of the present review is to present how amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites can affect microbial communication between both commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, as well as their metabolism, physiology, and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Blachier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAe, UMR PNCA, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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12
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Pis Diez CM, Antelo GT, Dalia TN, Dalia AB, Giedroc DP, Capdevila DA. Increased intracellular persulfide levels attenuate HlyU-mediated hemolysin transcriptional activation in Vibrio cholerae. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.13.532278. [PMID: 36993174 PMCID: PMC10054925 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.13.532278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The vertebrate host’s immune system and resident commensal bacteria deploy a range of highly reactive small molecules that provide a barrier against infections by microbial pathogens. Gut pathogens, such as Vibrio cholerae , sense and respond to these stressors by modulating the expression of exotoxins that are crucial for colonization. Here, we employ mass-spectrometry-based profiling, metabolomics, expression assays and biophysical approaches to show that transcriptional activation of the hemolysin gene hlyA in V. cholerae is regulated by intracellular reactive sulfur species (RSS), specifically sulfane sulfur. We first present a comprehensive sequence similarity network analysis of the arsenic repressor (ArsR) superfamily of transcriptional regulators where RSS and reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensors segregate into distinct clusters. We show that HlyU, transcriptional activator of hlyA in V. cholerae , belongs to the RSS-sensing cluster and readily reacts with organic persulfides, showing no reactivity and remaining DNA-bound following treatment with various ROS in vitro, including H 2 O 2 . Surprisingly, in V. cholerae cell cultures, both sulfide and peroxide treatment downregulate HlyU-dependent transcriptional activation of hlyA . However, RSS metabolite profiling shows that both sulfide and peroxide treatment raise the endogenous inorganic sulfide and disulfide levels to a similar extent, accounting for this crosstalk, and confirming that V. cholerae attenuates HlyU-mediated activation of hlyA in a specific response to intracellular RSS. These findings provide new evidence that gut pathogens may harness RSS-sensing as an evolutionary adaptation that allows them to overcome the gut inflammatory response by modulating the expression of exotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian M. Pis Diez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), C1405BWE Ciudad Autónoma de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - Giuliano T. Antelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), C1405BWE Ciudad Autónoma de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - Triana N. Dalia
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - Ankur B. Dalia
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - David P. Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - Daiana A. Capdevila
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), C1405BWE Ciudad Autónoma de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Chaudhuri A, Singha T, Jena BC, Shee M, Datta PK, Mandal M, Singh NDP. A two-photon responsive hydroxyphenylquinazolinone (HPQ)-based fluorescent organic nanoprodrug for H 2S release against oxidative stress. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1177-1180. [PMID: 36628583 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05768a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Light-activated H2S donors have attracted considerable interest in understanding the physiological role and clinical potential of H2S, as their release is highly localized and controlled. Herein, we have evolved a new HPQ chromophore-based fluorescent organic nanosystem localized in a target area that tolerates oxidative stress and precisely releases H2S under one- and two-photon irradiation with real-time monitoring capability. The two-photon absorption cross-section of this new phototrigger was calculated to be 283 GM at 720 nm. H2S photorelease was also demonstrated in vitro on the MDA-MB-468 cell line in the presence of excess ROS. Our developed H2S nanoprodrug can be applied to living systems to release the H2S-gasotransmitter under laser irradiation in a phototherapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tara Singha
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Bikash Chandra Jena
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Maniklal Shee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Prasanta Kumar Datta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - N D Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
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14
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Rong F, Wang T, Zhou Q, Peng H, Yang J, Fan Q, Li P. Intelligent polymeric hydrogen sulfide delivery systems for therapeutic applications. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:198-216. [PMID: 35510171 PMCID: PMC9034248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in regulating various pathological processes such as protecting mammalian cell from harmful injuries, promoting tissue regeneration, and regulating the process of various diseases caused by physiological disorders. Studies have revealed that the physiological effects of H2S are highly associated with its concentrations. At relatively low concentration, H2S shows beneficial functions. However, long-time and high-dose donation of H2S would inhibit regular biological process, resulting in cell dysfunction and apoptosis. To regulate the dosage of H2S delivery for precision medicine, H2S delivery systems with intelligent characteristics were developed and a variety of biocompatibility polymers have been utilized to establish intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems, with the abilities to specifically target the lesions, smartly respond to pathological microenvironments, as well as real-timely monitor H2S delivery and lesion conditions by incorporating imaging-capable moieties. In this review, we focus on the design, preparation, and therapeutic applications of intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems in cardiovascular therapy, inflammatory therapy, tissue regenerative therapy, cancer therapy and bacteria-associated therapy. Strategies for precise H2S therapies especially imaging-guided H2S theranostics are highlighted. Since H2S donors with stimuli-responsive characters are vital components for establishing intelligent H2S delivery systems, the development of H2S donors is also briefly introduced. H2S is an endogenous gasotransmitter that plays important role in regulating various physiological and pathological pathways. Controlled H2S delivery is vital since the therapeutic effects of H2S are highly associated with its concentrations. Intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems possess specific targeting, stimuli responsive and imaging guided capabilities, representing a strategic option for next generation of therapies.
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15
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On-demand therapeutic delivery of hydrogen sulfide aided by biomolecules. J Control Release 2022; 352:586-599. [PMID: 36328076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), known as the third gasotransmitter, exerts various physiological functions including cardiac protection, angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer capability. Given its promising therapeutic potential as well as severe perniciousness if improper use, the sustained and tunable H2S delivery systems are highly required for H2S-based gas therapy with enhanced bioactivity and reduced side effects. To this end, a series of stimuli-responsive compounds capable of releasing H2S (termed H2S donors) have been designed over the past two decades to mimic the endogenous generation of H2S and elucidate the biological functions. Further to improve the stability of H2S donors and achieve the targeted delivery, various delivery systems have been constructed. In this review, we focus on the recent advances of an emerging subset, biomolecular-based H2S delivery systems, which combine H2S donors with biomolecular vectors including polysaccharide, peptide, and protein. We demonstrated their basic structures, building strategies, and therapeutic applications respectively to unfold their inherent merits endued by biomolecules including biocompatibility, biodegradability as well as expansibility. The varied development potentials of biomolecular-based H2S delivery systems based on their specific properties are also discussed. At the end, brief future outlooks and upcoming challenges are presented as well.
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16
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Balasubramanian R, Hori K, Shimizu T, Kasamatsu S, Okamura K, Tanaka K, Ihara H, Masuda S. The Sulfide-Responsive SqrR/BigR Homologous Regulator YgaV of Escherichia coli Controls Expression of Anaerobic Respiratory Genes and Antibiotic Tolerance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122359. [PMID: 36552568 PMCID: PMC9774250 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Compositions and activities of bacterial flora in the gastrointestinal tract significantly influence the metabolism, health, and disease of host humans and animals. These enteric bacteria can switch between aerobic and anaerobic growth if oxygen tension becomes limited. Interestingly, the switching mechanism is important for preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antibiotic tolerance. Studies have also shown that intracellular and extracellular sulfide molecules are involved in this switching control, although the mechanism is not fully clarified. Here, we found that YgaV, a sulfide-responsive transcription factor SqrR/BigR homolog, responded to sulfide compounds in vivo and in vitro to control anaerobic respiratory gene expression. YgaV also responded to H2O2 scavenging in the enteric bacterium Escherichia coli. Although the wild-type (WT) showed increased antibiotic tolerance under H2S-atmospheric conditions, the ygaV mutant did not show such a phenotype. Additionally, antibiotic sensitivity was higher in the mutant than in the WT of both types in the presence and absence of exogenous H2S. These results, therefore, indicated that YgaV-dependent transcriptional regulation was responsible for maintaining redox homeostasis, ROS scavenging, and antibiotic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koichi Hori
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shimizu
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kae Okamura
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kan Tanaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shinji Masuda
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
- Correspondence:
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17
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Qin H, Ding X, Cheng SQ, Qin SY, Han X, Sun Y, Liu Y. An H 2S-Regulated Artificial Nanochannel Fabricated by a Supramolecular Coordination Strategy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9232-9237. [PMID: 36173107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as the third gasotransmitter, has an important impact on physiological and pathological activities. Herein, we fabricated an artificial nanochannel with a conductance value of 2.01 nS via a supramolecular coordination strategy. Benefiting from the unique H2S-mediated covalent reaction, the nanochannel biosensor could change from ON to OFF states with the addition of H2S. Furthermore, this nanochannel directed the ion transport, showing a high rectification ratio as well as gating ratio. Subsequently, theoretical simulations were conducted to help to reveal the possible mechanism of the functionalized nanochannel. This study can provide insights for better understanding the process of H2S-regulated biological channels and fabricating gas gated nanofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolong Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Shi-Qi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Si-Yong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinya Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Anhui, 243002, China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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18
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Walsh BJC, Costa SS, Edmonds KA, Trinidad JC, Issoglio FM, Brito JA, Giedroc DP. Metabolic and Structural Insights into Hydrogen Sulfide Mis-Regulation in Enterococcus faecalis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1607. [PMID: 36009332 PMCID: PMC9405070 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is implicated as a cytoprotective agent that bacteria employ in response to host-induced stressors, such as oxidative stress and antibiotics. The physiological benefits often attributed to H2S, however, are likely a result of downstream, more oxidized forms of sulfur, collectively termed reactive sulfur species (RSS) and including the organic persulfide (RSSH). Here, we investigated the metabolic response of the commensal gut microorganism Enterococcus faecalis to exogenous Na2S as a proxy for H2S/RSS toxicity. We found that exogenous sulfide increases protein abundance for enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of coenzyme A (CoA). Proteome S-sulfuration (persulfidation), a posttranslational modification implicated in H2S signal transduction, is also widespread in this organism and is significantly elevated by exogenous sulfide in CstR, the RSS sensor, coenzyme A persulfide (CoASSH) reductase (CoAPR) and enzymes associated with de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and acetyl-CoA synthesis. Exogenous sulfide significantly impacts the speciation of fatty acids as well as cellular concentrations of acetyl-CoA, suggesting that protein persulfidation may impact flux through these pathways. Indeed, CoASSH is an inhibitor of E. faecalis phosphotransacetylase (Pta), suggesting that an important metabolic consequence of increased levels of H2S/RSS may be over-persulfidation of this key metabolite, which, in turn, inhibits CoA and acyl-CoA-utilizing enzymes. Our 2.05 Å crystallographic structure of CoA-bound CoAPR provides new structural insights into CoASSH clearance in E. faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna J. C. Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - Sofia Soares Costa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | | | - Federico M. Issoglio
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)-CONICET and Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - José A. Brito
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - David P. Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7003, USA
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19
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Zhang J, Mu S, Wang W, Sun H, Li S, Shi X, Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang H. Design strategy for an analyte-compensated fluorescent probe to reduce its toxicity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9136-9139. [PMID: 35881542 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02789e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During biological detection, the toxicity caused by probes to living organisms is neglected. In this study, an analyte-compensated fluorescent probe (NP-SN3) was constructed for the detection of H2S. Through experiments with HepG2 cells and zebrafish embryos and larvae, the NP-SN3 probe showed no significant difference in imaging performance compared with the traditional probe (NP-N3) but exhibited lower detection-induced toxicity in the imaging of liver fibrosis in activated HSC-T6 cells. During the development of zebrafish embryos and continuous administration in rats, NP-SN3 showed a lower death rate, higher hatchability and lower malformation in zebrafish embryos and milder pathological symptoms in stained rat tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Shuai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Weilin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huipeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Shuangqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xuezhao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yunbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Haixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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20
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Abstract
Streptococcus suis is an important zoonotic pathogen. Due to the indiscriminate use of macrolides, S. suis has developed a high level of drug resistance, which has led to a serious threat to human and animal health. However, it takes a long time to develop new antibacterial drugs. Therefore, we consider the perspective of bacterial physiological metabolism to ensure that the development of bacterial resistance to existing drugs is alleviated and bacterial susceptibility to drugs is restored. In the present study, an untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that the serine catabolic pathway was inhibited in drug-resistant S. suis. The addition of l-serine restored the fungicidal effect of macrolides on S. suisin vivo and in vitro by enhancing the serine metabolic pathway. Further studies showed that l-serine, stimulated by its serine catabolic pathway, inhibited intracellular H2S production, reduced Fe-S cluster production, and restored the normal occurrence of the Fenton reaction in cells. It also attenuated the production of glutathione, an important marker of the intracellular oxidation-reduction reaction. All these phenomena eventually contribute to an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species, which leads to intracellular DNA damage and bacterial death. Our study provides a potential new approach for the treatment of diseases caused by drug-resistant S. suis. IMPORTANCE The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge. However, new drug development efforts consume considerable resources and time, and alleviating the pressure on existing drugs is the focus of our work. We investigated the mechanism of action of l-serine supplementation in restoring the use of macrolides in S. suis, based on the role of the serine catabolic pathway on reactive oxygen species levels and oxidative stress in S. suis. This pathway provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of macrolides in clinical practice and also identifies a possible target for restoring drug sensitivity in S. suis.
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Song ZL, Zhao L, Ma T, Osama A, Shen T, He Y, Fang J. Progress and perspective on hydrogen sulfide donors and their biomedical applications. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1930-1977. [PMID: 35657029 DOI: 10.1002/med.21913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Following the discovery of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) has been identified as the third gasotransmitter in humans. Increasing evidence have shown that H2 S is of preventive or therapeutic effects on diverse pathological complications. As a consequence, it is of great significance to develop suitable approaches of H2 S-based therapeutics for biomedical applications. H2 S-releasing agents (H2 S donors) play important roles in exploring and understanding the physiological functions of H2 S. More importantly, accumulating studies have validated the theranostic potential of H2 S donors in extensive repertoires of in vitro and in vivo disease models. Thus, it is imperative to summarize and update the literatures in this field. In this review, first, the background of H2 S on its chemical and biological aspects is concisely introduced. Second, the studies regarding the H2 S-releasing compounds are categorized and described, and accordingly, their H2 S-donating mechanisms, biological applications, and therapeutic values are also comprehensively delineated and discussed. Necessary comparisons between related H2 S donors are presented, and the drawbacks of many typical H2 S donors are analyzed and revealed. Finally, several critical challenges encountered in the development of multifunctional H2 S donors are discussed, and the direction of their future development as well as their biomedical applications is proposed. We expect that this review will reach extensive audiences across multiple disciplines and promote the innovation of H2 S biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,Botanical Agrochemicals Research & Development Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lanning Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Alsiddig Osama
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tong Shen
- Botanical Agrochemicals Research & Development Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yilin He
- Botanical Agrochemicals Research & Development Center, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
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22
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Goel P, Panchal T, Kaushik N, Chauhan R, Saini S, Ahuja V, Thakur CJ. In silico functional and structural characterization revealed virulent proteins of Francisella tularensis strain SCHU4. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 11:73-84. [PMID: 36059929 PMCID: PMC9336787 DOI: 10.22099/mbrc.2022.43128.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is a pathogenic, aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium. It is the causative agent of tularemia, a rare infectious disease that can attack skin, lungs, eyes, and lymph nodes. The genome of F. tularensis has been sequenced, and ~16% of the proteome is still uncharacterized. Characterizations of these proteins are essential to find new drug targets for better therapeutics. In silico characterization of proteins has become an extremely important approach to determine the functionality of proteins as experimental functional elucidation is unable to keep pace with the current growth of the sequence database. Initially, we have annotated 577 Hypothetical Proteins (HPs) of F. tularensis strain SCHU4 with seven bioinformatics tools which characterized them based on the family, domain and motif. Out of 577 HPs, 119 HPs were annotated by five or more tools and are further screened to predict their virulence properties, subcellular localization, transmembrane helices as well as physicochemical parameters. VirulentPred predicted 66 HPs out of 119 as virulent. These virulent proteins were annotated to find the interacting partner using STRING, and proteins with high confidence interaction scores were used to predict their 3D structures using Phyre2. The three virulent proteins Q5NH99 (phosphoserine phosphatase), Q5NG42 (Cystathionine beta-synthase) and Q5NG83 (Rrf2-type helix turn helix domain) were predicted to involve in modulation of cytoskeletal and innate immunity of host, H2S (hydrogen sulfide) based antibiotic tolerance and nitrite and iron metabolism of bacteria. The above predicted virulent proteins can serve as novel drug targets in the era of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Goel
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanya Panchal
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nandini Kaushik
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ritika Chauhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Saini
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India,Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Sector 25, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vartika Ahuja
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India
| | - Chander Jyoti Thakur
- Department of Bioinformatics, Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College, Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India,Corresponding Author: Department of Bioinformatics,Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College Sector 32 C, Chandigarh, India, 160030. Tel: +91 8699776533; Fax: +91 1722661077, E. mail:
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23
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Ascenção K, Szabo C. Emerging roles of cystathionine β-synthase in various forms of cancer. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102331. [PMID: 35618601 PMCID: PMC9168780 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of the reverse transsulfuration enzyme cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) is markedly increased in many forms of cancer, including colorectal, ovarian, lung, breast and kidney, while in other cancers (liver cancer and glioma) it becomes downregulated. According to the clinical database data in high-CBS-expressor cancers (e.g. colon or ovarian cancer), high CBS expression typically predicts lower survival, while in the low-CBS-expressor cancers (e.g. liver cancer), low CBS expression is associated with lower survival. In the high-CBS expressing tumor cells, CBS, and its product hydrogen sulfide (H2S) serves as a bioenergetic, proliferative, cytoprotective and stemness factor; it also supports angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the cancer microenvironment. The current article reviews the various tumor-cell-supporting roles of the CBS/H2S axis in high-CBS expressor cancers and overviews the anticancer effects of CBS silencing and pharmacological CBS inhibition in various cancer models in vitro and in vivo; it also outlines potential approaches for biomarker identification, to support future targeted cancer therapies based on pharmacological CBS inhibition.
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Perry EK, Meirelles LA, Newman DK. From the soil to the clinic: the impact of microbial secondary metabolites on antibiotic tolerance and resistance. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:129-142. [PMID: 34531577 PMCID: PMC8857043 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00620-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites profoundly affect microbial physiology, metabolism and stress responses. Increasing evidence suggests that these molecules can modulate microbial susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics; however, secondary metabolites are typically excluded from standard antimicrobial susceptibility assays. This may in part account for why infections by diverse opportunistic bacteria that produce secondary metabolites often exhibit discrepancies between clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing results and clinical treatment outcomes. In this Review, we explore which types of secondary metabolite alter antimicrobial susceptibility, as well as how and why this phenomenon occurs. We discuss examples of molecules that opportunistic and enteric pathogens either generate themselves or are exposed to from their neighbours, and the nuanced impacts these molecules can have on tolerance and resistance to certain antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena K Perry
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lucas A Meirelles
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Dianne K Newman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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25
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Chen Y, Zhao R, Tang C, Zhang C, Xu W, Wu L, Wang Y, Ye D, Liang Y. Design and Development of a Bioorthogonal, Visualizable and Mitochondria‐Targeted Hydrogen Sulfide (H
2
S) Delivery System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ruohan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Cheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wenyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Luyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Deju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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26
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Buret AG, Allain T, Motta JP, Wallace JL. Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Microbiome: From Toxicity to Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:211-219. [PMID: 33691464 PMCID: PMC8861923 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an important regulator of physiology and health, helps resolve inflammation and promotes tissue repair in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent Advances: Gut microbiota live as a multispecies biofilm in close interaction with the upper mucus layer lining the epithelium. The relative abundance, spatial organization, and function of these microorganisms affect a broad range of health outcomes. This article provides a state-of-the-art review of our understanding of the cross talk between H2S, the gut microbiota, and health. H2S can have toxic or therapeutic effects, depending on its concentration and source. When produced at excessive concentrations by local microbiota, H2S may cause mucus disruption and inflammation and contribute to development of cancer. In contrast, low levels of endogenous or exogenous H2S directly stabilize mucus layers, prevent fragmentation and adherence of the microbiota biofilm to the epithelium, inhibit the release of invasive pathobionts, and help resolve inflammation and tissue injury. Although scarce, research findings suggest that dietary H2S obtained from plants or ingestion of the H2S precursor, L-cysteine, may also modulate the abundance and function of microbiota. Critical Issues: A critical issue is the lack of understanding of the metagenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic alterations that characterize the interactions between H2S and gut microbiota to shape health outcomes. Future Directions: The ambivalent roles of H2S in the gut offer a fertile ground for research on such critical issues. The findings will improve our understanding of how H2S modulates the microbiota to affect body function and will help identify novel therapeutic strategies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 211-219.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre G Buret
- Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Antibe Therapeutics, Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Motta
- Institute of Digestive Health Research, IRSD, INSERM U1220, Toulouse, France
| | - John L Wallace
- Host-Parasite Interactions Program, Inflammation Research Network, Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Antibe Therapeutics, Inc., Toronto, Canada
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Bhabak KP, Mahato SK, Bhattacherjee D, Barman P. Thioredoxin Reductase-triggered Fluorogenic Donor of Hydrogen Sulfide: A Model Study with Symmetrical Organopolysulfide Probe with Turn-on Near-Infrared Fluorescence Emission. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2183-2193. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02425f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein the rational development of organopolysulfide-based fluorogenic donor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) DCI-PS, which can be activated by the antioxidant selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) with concomitant release of...
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28
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Gavriel A, Sambrook M, Russell AT, Hayes W. Recent advances in self-immolative linkers and their applications in polymeric reporting systems. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00414c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interest in self-immolative chemistry has grown over the past decade with more research groups harnessing the versatility to control the release of a compound from a larger chemical entity, given...
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Hu J, Fang Y, Huang X, Qiao R, Quinn JF, Davis TP. Engineering macromolecular nanocarriers for local delivery of gaseous signaling molecules. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114005. [PMID: 34687822 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In addition to being notorious air pollutants, nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have also been known as endogenous gaseous signaling molecules (GSMs). These GSMs play critical roles in maintaining the homeostasis of living organisms. Importantly, the occurrence and development of many diseases such as inflammation and cancer are highly associated with the concentration changes of GSMs. As such, GSMs could also be used as new therapeutic agents, showing great potential in the treatment of many formidable diseases. Although clinically it is possible to directly inhale GSMs, the precise control of the dose and concentration for local delivery of GSMs remains a substantial challenge. The development of gaseous signaling molecule-releasing molecules provides a great tool for the safe and convenient delivery of GSMs. In this review article, we primarily focus on the recent development of macromolecular nanocarriers for the local delivery of various GSMs. Learning from the chemistry of small molecule-based donors, the integration of these gaseous signaling molecule-releasing molecules into polymeric matrices through physical encapsulation, post-modification, or direct polymerization approach renders it possible to fabricate numerous macromolecular nanocarriers with optimized pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, revealing improved therapeutic performance than the small molecule analogs. The development of GSMs represents a new means for many disease treatments with unique therapeutic outcomes.
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Chen Y, Zhao R, Tang C, Zhang C, Xu W, Wu L, Wang Y, Ye D, Liang Y. Design and Development of a Bioorthogonal, Visualizable and Mitochondria-Targeted Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S) Delivery System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112734. [PMID: 34806810 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is an important endogenous gasotransmitter, but the targeted delivery and real-time feedback of exogenous H2 S are still challenging. With the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we designed a new 1,3-dithiolium-4-olate (DTO) compound, which can react with a strained alkyne via the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and the retro-Diels-Alder reaction to generate carbonyl sulfide (COS) as the precursor of H2 S, and a thiophene derivative with turn-on fluorescence. Moreover, the diphenylamino substituent in DTO greatly increases the mitochondrial targeting of this H2 S delivery system. Such a bioorthogonal click-and-release reaction has integrated three functions in one system for the first time: (1) in situ controllable H2 S release, (2) concomitant fluorescence response, and (3) mitochondria-targeted delivery. In addition, we investigated the mitochondrial membrane potential loss alleviation by using this system in H9c2 cells under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruohan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Luyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Deju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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32
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Ni X, Kelly SS, Xu S, Xian M. The Path to Controlled Delivery of Reactive Sulfur Species. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3968-3978. [PMID: 34607436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Reactive sulfur species (RSS) play regulatory roles in many physiological and pathological processes. Since the discovery of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a nitric oxide (NO)-like signaling molecule, understanding the chemical biology of H2S and H2S-related RSS, such as hydropersulfides (RSSH) and polysulfides (H2Sn), has become a fast-growing research field. However, the research on these RSS has technical difficulties due to their high reactivity and instability. To solve this problem, considerable efforts have been put into the development of unique RSS releasing compounds (e.g., donors) or in situ RSS generation systems. This Account tells the story of our research group's effort to develop novel RSS donors.We began with exploring molecular entities that were stable by themselves but could be triggered by biologically relevant factors, such as pH, thiols, light, or enzymes, to release H2S in a controllable fashion. These studies led to the discovery of a series of novel H2S donors. We later expanded our interests to other RSS including RSSH, H2Sn, RSeSH, HSNO, RSOH, etc. The fundamental chemistry of these RSS was studied and applied to the development of the corresponding donors. In addition to small molecule donors, we also worked on H2S-releasing biomaterials and their applications. This Account summarizes our work and systematically explains how each RSS donor template was proposed and evaluated. The Account covers the following key points: (1) rational chemistry design of each RSS donor template, (2) evaluation and mechanistic insights of each donor template, and (3) properties and biological applications of the donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Shane S. Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Shi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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Bora P, Manna S, Nair MA, Sathe RRM, Singh S, Sreyas Adury VS, Gupta K, Mukherjee A, Saini DK, Kamat SS, Hazra AB, Chakrapani H. Leveraging an enzyme/artificial substrate system to enhance cellular persulfides and mitigate neuroinflammation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12939-12949. [PMID: 34745524 PMCID: PMC8513928 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03828a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Persulfides and polysulfides, collectively known as the sulfane sulfur pool along with hydrogen sulfide (H2S), play a central role in cellular physiology and disease. Exogenously enhancing these species in cells is an emerging therapeutic paradigm for mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation that are associated with several diseases. In this study, we present a unique approach of using the cell's own enzyme machinery coupled with an array of artificial substrates to enhance the cellular sulfane sulfur pool. We report the synthesis and validation of artificial/unnatural substrates specific for 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST), an important enzyme that contributes to sulfur trafficking in cells. We demonstrate that these artificial substrates generate persulfides in vitro as well as mediate sulfur transfer to low molecular weight thiols and to cysteine-containing proteins. A nearly 100-fold difference in the rates of H2S production for the various substrates is observed supporting the tunability of persulfide generation by the 3-MST enzyme/artificial substrate system. Next, we show that the substrate 1a permeates cells and is selectively turned over by 3-MST to generate 3-MST-persulfide, which protects against reactive oxygen species-induced lethality. Lastly, in a mouse model, 1a is found to significantly mitigate neuroinflammation in the brain tissue. Together, the approach that we have developed allows for the on-demand generation of persulfides in vitro and in vivo using a range of shelf-stable, artificial substrates of 3-MST, while opening up possibilities of harnessing these molecules for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerona Bora
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Suman Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Mrutyunjay A Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Rupali R M Sathe
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Shubham Singh
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Venkata Sai Sreyas Adury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Kavya Gupta
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Arnab Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Deepak K Saini
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Amrita B Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008 Maharashtra India
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Zhang Y, Liu Z, Tang Y, Ma X, Tang H, Li H, Liu Z. Cbl upregulates cysH for hydrogen sulfide production in Aeromonas veronii. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12058. [PMID: 34589297 PMCID: PMC8435198 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is generated in many metabolism pathways, and has been recognized as a second messenger against antibiotics and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In Aeromonas veronii, Small Protein B (SmpB) plays an important role in resisting stress. The absence of smpB could trigger sulfate assimilation pathway to adapt the nutrient deficiency, of which was mediated by up-regulation of cbl and cys genes and followed with enhancing H2S production. To figure out the mutual regulations of cbl and cys genes, a series of experiments were performed. Compared with the wild type, cysH was down-regulated significantly in cbl deletion by qRT-PCR. The fluorescence analysis further manifested that Cbl had a positive regulatory effect on the promoter of cysJIH. Bacterial one-hybrid analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) verified that Cbl bound with the promoter of cysJIH. Collectively, the tolerance to adversity could be maintained by the production of H2S when SmpB was malfunctioned, of which the activity of cysJIH promoter was positively regulated by upstream Cbl protein. The outcomes also suggested the enormous potentials of Aeromonas veronii in environmental adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiang Ma
- Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | | | - Hong Li
- Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Kunota TTR, Rahman MA, Truebody BE, Mackenzie JS, Saini V, Lamprecht DA, Adamson JH, Sevalkar RR, Lancaster JR, Berney M, Glasgow JN, Steyn AJC. Mycobacterium tuberculosis H 2S Functions as a Sink to Modulate Central Metabolism, Bioenergetics, and Drug Susceptibility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1285. [PMID: 34439535 PMCID: PMC8389258 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
H2S is a potent gasotransmitter in eukaryotes and bacteria. Host-derived H2S has been shown to profoundly alter M. tuberculosis (Mtb) energy metabolism and growth. However, compelling evidence for endogenous production of H2S and its role in Mtb physiology is lacking. We show that multidrug-resistant and drug-susceptible clinical Mtb strains produce H2S, whereas H2S production in non-pathogenic M. smegmatis is barely detectable. We identified Rv3684 (Cds1) as an H2S-producing enzyme in Mtb and show that cds1 disruption reduces, but does not eliminate, H2S production, suggesting the involvement of multiple genes in H2S production. We identified endogenous H2S to be an effector molecule that maintains bioenergetic homeostasis by stimulating respiration primarily via cytochrome bd. Importantly, H2S plays a key role in central metabolism by modulating the balance between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and it functions as a sink to recycle sulfur atoms back to cysteine to maintain sulfur homeostasis. Lastly, Mtb-generated H2S regulates redox homeostasis and susceptibility to anti-TB drugs clofazimine and rifampicin. These findings reveal previously unknown facets of Mtb physiology and have implications for routine laboratory culturing, understanding drug susceptibility, and improved diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafara T. R. Kunota
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (T.T.R.K.); (M.A.R.); (B.E.T.); (J.S.M.); (D.A.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Md. Aejazur Rahman
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (T.T.R.K.); (M.A.R.); (B.E.T.); (J.S.M.); (D.A.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Barry E. Truebody
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (T.T.R.K.); (M.A.R.); (B.E.T.); (J.S.M.); (D.A.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Jared S. Mackenzie
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (T.T.R.K.); (M.A.R.); (B.E.T.); (J.S.M.); (D.A.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Vikram Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Dirk A. Lamprecht
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (T.T.R.K.); (M.A.R.); (B.E.T.); (J.S.M.); (D.A.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - John H. Adamson
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (T.T.R.K.); (M.A.R.); (B.E.T.); (J.S.M.); (D.A.L.); (J.H.A.)
| | - Ritesh R. Sevalkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (R.R.S.); (J.N.G.)
| | - Jack R. Lancaster
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Michael Berney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10462, USA;
| | - Joel N. Glasgow
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (R.R.S.); (J.N.G.)
| | - Adrie J. C. Steyn
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; (T.T.R.K.); (M.A.R.); (B.E.T.); (J.S.M.); (D.A.L.); (J.H.A.)
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (R.R.S.); (J.N.G.)
- Centers for AIDS Research and Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Ni X, Li X, Shen TL, Qian WJ, Xian M. A Sweet H 2S/H 2O 2 Dual Release System and Specific Protein S-Persulfidation Mediated by Thioglucose/Glucose Oxidase. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13325-13332. [PMID: 34383487 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
H2S and H2O2 are two redox regulating molecules that play important roles in many physiological and pathological processes. While each of them has distinct biosynthetic pathways and signaling mechanisms, the crosstalk between these two species is also known to cause critical biological responses such as protein S-persulfidation. So far, many chemical tools for the studies of H2S and H2O2 have been developed, such as the donors and sensors for H2S and H2O2. However, these tools are normally targeting single species (e.g., only H2S or only H2O2). As such, the crosstalk and synergetic effects between H2S and H2O2 have hardly been studied with those tools. In this work, we report a unique H2S/H2O2 dual donor system by employing 1-thio-β-d-glucose and glucose oxidase (GOx) as the substrates. This enzymatic system can simultaneously produce H2S and H2O2 in a slow and controllable fashion, without generating any bio-unfriendly byproducts. This system was demonstrated to cause efficient S-persulfidation on proteins. In addition, we expanded the system to thiolactose and thioglucose-disulfide; therefore, additional factors (β-galactosidase and cellular reductants) could be introduced to further control the release of H2S/H2O2. This dual release system should be useful for future research on H2S and H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Tun-Li Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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37
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Mishra R, Yadav V, Guha M, Singh A. Heterogeneous Host-Pathogen Encounters Coordinate Antibiotic Resilience in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Trends Microbiol 2021; 29:606-620. [PMID: 33309526 PMCID: PMC7611257 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Successful treatment of tuberculosis (TB) depends on the eradication of its causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in the host. However, the emergence of phenotypically drug-resistant Mtb in the host environment tempers the ability of antibiotics to cure disease. Host immunity produces diverse microenvironmental niches that are exploited by Mtb to mobilize adaptation programs. Such differential interactions amplify pre-existing heterogeneity in the host-pathogen milieu to influence disease pathology and therapy outcome. Therefore, comprehending the intricacies of phenotypic heterogeneity can be an empirical step forward in potentiating drug action. With this goal, we review the interconnectedness of the lesional, cellular, and bacterial heterogeneity underlying phenotypic drug resistance. Based on this information, we anticipate the development of new therapeutic strategies targeting host-pathogen heterogeneity to cure TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Mishra
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India; Centre for Infectious Disease and Research (CIDR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India; Centre for Infectious Disease and Research (CIDR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India
| | - Madhura Guha
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India; Centre for Infectious Disease and Research (CIDR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India; Centre for Infectious Disease and Research (CIDR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560012, India.
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38
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Das M, Dewan A, Shee S, Singh A. The Multifaceted Bacterial Cysteine Desulfurases: From Metabolism to Pathogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10070997. [PMID: 34201508 PMCID: PMC8300815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10070997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Living cells have developed a relay system to efficiently transfer sulfur (S) from cysteine to various thio-cofactors (iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters, thiamine, molybdopterin, lipoic acid, and biotin) and thiolated tRNA. The presence of such a transit route involves multiple protein components that allow the flux of S to be precisely regulated as a function of environmental cues to avoid the unnecessary accumulation of toxic concentrations of soluble sulfide (S2−). The first enzyme in this relay system is cysteine desulfurase (CSD). CSD catalyzes the release of sulfane S from L-cysteine by converting it to L-alanine by forming an enzyme-linked persulfide intermediate on its conserved cysteine residue. The persulfide S is then transferred to diverse acceptor proteins for its incorporation into the thio-cofactors. The thio-cofactor binding-proteins participate in essential and diverse cellular processes, including DNA repair, respiration, intermediary metabolism, gene regulation, and redox sensing. Additionally, CSD modulates pathogenesis, antibiotic susceptibility, metabolism, and survival of several pathogenic microbes within their hosts. In this review, we aim to comprehensively illustrate the impact of CSD on bacterial core metabolic processes and its requirement to combat redox stresses and antibiotics. Targeting CSD in human pathogens can be a potential therapy for better treatment outcomes.
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Goff JL, Schaefer JK, Yee N. Extracellular sulfite is protective against reactive oxygen species and antibiotic stress in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:394-400. [PMID: 33870629 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the extracellular reactive sulfur species produced by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 during growth. The results showed that sulfite is the major extracellular sulfur metabolite released to the growth medium under both aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions. Exogenous sulfite at physiological concentrations protected S. oneidensis MR-1 from hydrogen peroxide toxicity and enhanced tolerance to the beta-lactam antibiotics cefazolin, meropenem, doripenem and ertapenem. These findings suggest that the release of extracellular sulfite is a bacterial defence mechanism that plays a role in the mitigation of environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Goff
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jeffra K Schaefer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Nathan Yee
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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40
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Borisov VB, Siletsky SA, Paiardini A, Hoogewijs D, Forte E, Giuffrè A, Poole RK. Bacterial Oxidases of the Cytochrome bd Family: Redox Enzymes of Unique Structure, Function, and Utility As Drug Targets. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:1280-1318. [PMID: 32924537 PMCID: PMC8112716 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Cytochrome bd is a ubiquinol:oxygen oxidoreductase of many prokaryotic respiratory chains with a unique structure and functional characteristics. Its primary role is to couple the reduction of molecular oxygen, even at submicromolar concentrations, to water with the generation of a proton motive force used for adenosine triphosphate production. Cytochrome bd is found in many bacterial pathogens and, surprisingly, in bacteria formally denoted as anaerobes. It endows bacteria with resistance to various stressors and is a potential drug target. Recent Advances: We summarize recent advances in the biochemistry, structure, and physiological functions of cytochrome bd in the light of exciting new three-dimensional structures of the oxidase. The newly discovered roles of cytochrome bd in contributing to bacterial protection against hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and hydrogen sulfide are assessed. Critical Issues: Fundamental questions remain regarding the precise delineation of electron flow within this multihaem oxidase and how the extraordinarily high affinity for oxygen is accomplished, while endowing bacteria with resistance to other small ligands. Future Directions: It is clear that cytochrome bd is unique in its ability to confer resistance to toxic small molecules, a property that is significant for understanding the propensity of pathogens to possess this oxidase. Since cytochrome bd is a uniquely bacterial enzyme, future research should focus on harnessing fundamental knowledge of its structure and function to the development of novel and effective antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy B. Borisov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey A. Siletsky
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - David Hoogewijs
- Department of Medicine/Physiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Elena Forte
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Robert K. Poole
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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41
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Walsh BJC, Giedroc DP. Proteomics Profiling of S-sulfurated Proteins in Acinetobacter baumannii. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e4000. [PMID: 34124301 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emerging as an important modulator in bacterial cytoprotection against the host immune response in infected animals, which may well be attributed to downstream highly oxidized sulfur species, termed reactive sulfur species (RSS), derived from H2S. One mechanism by which H2S/RSS may signal in the cell is through proteome S-sulfuration (persulfidation), which is the conversion of protein thiols (-SH) to protein persulfides (-SSH). While several analytical methods have been developed to profile sites of protein persulfidation, few have been applied to bacterial cells. The analytical workflow presented here was recently utilized to profile proteome persulfidation in the major human pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii treated with an exogenous sulfide source, Na2S. The data obtained using this protocol allow quantitation of the change in persulfidation status of each cysteine in the proteome normalized to the change in protein abundance, thus identifying sites of persulfidation that may constitute regulatory modifications. These can be validated using follow-up biochemical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna J C Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 7102, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 7102, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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42
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Renieris G, Droggiti DE, Katrini K, Koufargyris P, Gkavogianni T, Karakike E, Antonakos N, Damoraki G, Karageorgos A, Sabracos L, Katsouda A, Jentho E, Weis S, Wang R, Bauer M, Szabo C, Platoni K, Kouloulias V, Papapetropoulos A, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ. Host cystathionine-γ lyase derived hydrogen sulfide protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009473. [PMID: 33770141 PMCID: PMC8051778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been recognized as a novel gaseous transmitter with several anti-inflammatory properties. The role of host- derived H2S in infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated in clinical and mouse models. H2S concentrations and survival was assessed in septic patients with lung infection. Animal experiments using a model of severe systemic multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa infection were performed using mice with a constitutive knock-out of cystathionine-γ lyase (Cse) gene (Cse-/-) and wild-type mice with a physiological expression (Cse+/+). Experiments were repeated in mice after a) treatment with cyclophosphamide; b) bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from a Cse+/+ donor; c) treatment with H2S synthesis inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid (ΑΟΑΑ) or propargylglycine (PAG) and d) H2S donor sodium thiosulfate (STS) or GYY3147. Bacterial loads and myeloperoxidase activity were measured in tissue samples. The expression of quorum sensing genes (QS) was determined in vivo and in vitro. Cytokine concentration was measured in serum and incubated splenocytes. Patients survivors at day 28 had significantly higher serum H2S compared to non-survivors. A cut- off point of 5.3 μΜ discriminated survivors with sensitivity 92.3%. Mortality after 28 days was 30.9% and 93.7% in patients with H2S higher and less than 5.3 μΜ (p = 7 x 10-6). In mice expression of Cse and application of STS afforded protection against infection with multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. Cyclophosphamide pretreatment eliminated the survival benefit of Cse+/+ mice, whereas BMT increased the survival of Cse-/- mice. Cse-/- mice had increased pathogen loads compared to Cse+/+ mice. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes from Cse-/- mice was reduced but was restored after H2S supplementation. An H2S dependent down- regulation of quorum sensing genes of P.aeruginosa could be demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. Endogenous H2S is a potential independent parameter correlating with the outcome of P. aeruginosa. H2S provides resistance to infection by MDR bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Renieris
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysia-Eirini Droggiti
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Katrini
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Koufargyris
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Theologia Gkavogianni
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Karakike
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Antonakos
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Damoraki
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Karageorgos
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Labros Sabracos
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Katsouda
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elisa Jentho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Chair of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kalliopi Platoni
- 2 Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios Kouloulias
- 2 Department of Radiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
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43
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Dillon KM, Morrison HA, Powell CR, Carrazzone RJ, Ringel-Scaia VM, Winckler EW, Council-Troche RM, Allen IC, Matson JB. Targeted Delivery of Persulfides to the Gut: Effects on the Microbiome. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6061-6067. [PMID: 33511734 PMCID: PMC7967250 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Persulfides (R-SSH) have been hypothesized as potent redox modulators and signaling compounds. Reported herein is the synthesis, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of a persulfide donor that releases N-acetyl cysteine persulfide (NAC-SSH) in response to the prokaryote-specific enzyme nitroreductase. The donor, termed NDP-NAC, decomposed in response to E. coli nitroreductase, resulting in release of NAC-SSH. NDP-NAC elicited gastroprotective effects in mice that were not observed in animals treated with control compounds incapable of persulfide release or in animals treated with Na2 S. NDP-NAC induced these effects by the upregulation of beneficial small- and medium-chain fatty acids and through increasing growth of Turicibacter sanguinis, a beneficial gut bacterium. It also decreased the populations of Synergistales bacteria, opportunistic pathogens implicated in gastrointestinal infections. This study reveals the possibility of maintaining gut health or treating microbiome-related diseases by the targeted delivery of reactive sulfur species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kearsley M. Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Holly A. Morrison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chadwick R. Powell
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ryan J. Carrazzone
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Veronica M. Ringel-Scaia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ethan W. Winckler
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - R. McAlister Council-Troche
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Irving C. Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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44
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Gautam K, Negi S, Saini V. Targeting endogenous gaseous signaling molecules as novel host-directed therapies against tuberculosis infection. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:655-670. [PMID: 33641567 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1892091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to the complexity of disease and its continuous global spread, there is an urgent need to improvise the strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The current anti-TB regimen lasts for months and warrants strict compliance to clear infection and to minimize the risk of development of multi drug-resistant tuberculosis. This underscores the need to have new and improved therapeutics for TB treatment. Several studies have highlighted the unique ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to exploit host factors to support its survival inside the intracellular environment. One of the key players to mycobacterial disease susceptibility and infection are endogenous gases such as oxygen, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. Nitric oxide and carbon monoxide as the physiological gaseous messengers are considered important to the outcome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The role of hydrogen sulfide in human tuberculosis is yet not fully elucidated, but this gas has been shown to play a significant role in bacterial respiration, growth and pathogenesis. This review will focus on the host factors majorly endogenous gaseous signaling molecules which contributes to Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival inside the intracellular environment and highlight the potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini Gautam
- Laboratory of Infection Biology and Translational Research, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheetal Negi
- Laboratory of Infection Biology and Translational Research, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Vikram Saini
- Laboratory of Infection Biology and Translational Research, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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45
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Dillon KM, Morrison HA, Powell CR, Carrazzone RJ, Ringel‐Scaia VM, Winckler EW, Council‐Troche RM, Allen IC, Matson JB. Targeted Delivery of Persulfides to the Gut: Effects on the Microbiome. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kearsley M. Dillon
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Holly A. Morrison
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Chadwick R. Powell
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Ryan J. Carrazzone
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Veronica M. Ringel‐Scaia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Ethan W. Winckler
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - R. McAlister Council‐Troche
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Irving C. Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
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46
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Croppi G, Zhou Y, Yang R, Bian Y, Zhao M, Hu Y, Ruan BH, Yu J, Wu F. Discovery of an Inhibitor for Bacterial 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase that Synergistically Controls Bacterial Survival. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1483-1499.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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Rahman MA, Glasgow JN, Nadeem S, Reddy VP, Sevalkar RR, Lancaster JR, Steyn AJC. The Role of Host-Generated H 2S in Microbial Pathogenesis: New Perspectives on Tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:586923. [PMID: 33330130 PMCID: PMC7711268 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.586923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was considered primarily as a poisonous gas and environmental hazard. However, with the discovery of prokaryotic and eukaryotic enzymes for H2S production, breakdown, and utilization, H2S has emerged as an important signaling molecule in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Hence, H2S is considered a gasotransmitter along with nitric oxide (•NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Surprisingly, despite having overlapping functions with •NO and CO, the role of host H2S in microbial pathogenesis is understudied and represents a gap in our knowledge. Given the numerous reports that followed the discovery of •NO and CO and their respective roles in microbial pathogenesis, we anticipate a rapid increase in studies that further define the importance of H2S in microbial pathogenesis, which may lead to new virulence paradigms. Therefore, this review provides an overview of sulfide chemistry, enzymatic production of H2S, and the importance of H2S in metabolism and immunity in response to microbial pathogens. We then describe our current understanding of the role of host-derived H2S in tuberculosis (TB) disease, including its influences on host immunity and bioenergetics, and on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth and survival. Finally, this review discusses the utility of H2S-donor compounds, inhibitors of H2S-producing enzymes, and their potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel N Glasgow
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sajid Nadeem
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Vineel P Reddy
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ritesh R Sevalkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jack R Lancaster
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Adrie J C Steyn
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Centers for AIDS Research and Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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48
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Capdevila DA, Walsh BJC, Zhang Y, Dietrich C, Gonzalez-Gutierrez G, Giedroc DP. Structural basis for persulfide-sensing specificity in a transcriptional regulator. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 17:65-70. [PMID: 33106663 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-00671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine thiol-based transcriptional regulators orchestrate the coordinated regulation of redox homeostasis and other cellular processes by 'sensing' or detecting a specific redox-active molecule, which in turn activates the transcription of a specific detoxification pathway. The extent to which these sensors are truly specific in cells for a singular class of reactive small-molecule stressors, for example, reactive oxygen or sulfur species, is largely unknown. Here, we report structural and mechanistic insights into the thiol-based transcriptional repressor SqrR, which reacts exclusively with oxidized sulfur species such as persulfides, to yield a tetrasulfide bridge that inhibits DNA operator-promoter binding. Evaluation of crystallographic structures of SqrR in various derivatized states, coupled with the results of a mass spectrometry-based kinetic profiling strategy, suggest that persulfide selectivity is determined by structural frustration of the disulfide form. These findings led to the identification of an uncharacterized repressor from the bacterial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii as a persulfide sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana A Capdevila
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.,Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Brenna J C Walsh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Christopher Dietrich
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Giovanni Gonzalez-Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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49
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Walsh BJC, Giedroc DP. H 2S and reactive sulfur signaling at the host-bacterial pathogen interface. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13150-13168. [PMID: 32699012 PMCID: PMC7504917 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.011304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens that cause invasive disease in the vertebrate host must adapt to host efforts to cripple their viability. Major host insults are reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species as well as cellular stress induced by antibiotics. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emerging as an important player in cytoprotection against these stressors, which may well be attributed to downstream more oxidized sulfur species termed reactive sulfur species (RSS). In this review, we summarize recent work that suggests that H2S/RSS impacts bacterial survival in infected cells and animals. We discuss the mechanisms of biogenesis and clearance of RSS in the context of a bacterial H2S/RSS homeostasis model and the bacterial transcriptional regulatory proteins that act as "sensors" of cellular RSS that maintain H2S/RSS homeostasis. In addition, we cover fluorescence imaging- and MS-based approaches used to detect and quantify RSS in bacterial cells. Last, we discuss proteome persulfidation (S-sulfuration) as a potential mediator of H2S/RSS signaling in bacteria in the context of the writer-reader-eraser paradigm, and progress toward ascribing regulatory significance to this widespread post-translational modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna J C Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
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Mishra R, Kohli S, Malhotra N, Bandyopadhyay P, Mehta M, Munshi M, Adiga V, Ahuja VK, Shandil RK, Rajmani RS, Seshasayee ASN, Singh A. Targeting redox heterogeneity to counteract drug tolerance in replicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/518/eaaw6635. [PMID: 31723039 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw6635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to tolerate multiple antibiotics represents a major problem in tuberculosis (TB) management. Heterogeneity in Mtb populations is one of the factors that drives antibiotic tolerance during infection. However, the mechanisms underpinning this variation in bacterial population remain poorly understood. Here, we show that phagosomal acidification alters the redox physiology of Mtb to generate a population of replicating bacteria that display drug tolerance during infection. RNA sequencing of this redox-altered population revealed the involvement of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas, and drug efflux pumps in antibiotic tolerance. The fraction of the pH- and redox-dependent tolerant population increased when Mtb infected macrophages with actively replicating HIV-1, suggesting that redox heterogeneity could contribute to high rates of TB therapy failure during HIV-TB coinfection. Pharmacological inhibition of phagosomal acidification by the antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) eradicated drug-tolerant Mtb, ameliorated lung pathology, and reduced postchemotherapeutic relapse in in vivo models. The pharmacological profile of CQ (C max and AUClast) exhibited no major drug-drug interaction when coadministered with first line anti-TB drugs in mice. Our data establish a link between phagosomal pH, redox metabolism, and drug tolerance in replicating Mtb and suggest repositioning of CQ to shorten TB therapy and achieve a relapse-free cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Mishra
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sakshi Kohli
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nitish Malhotra
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Parijat Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mansi Mehta
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - MohamedHusen Munshi
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Vasista Adiga
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | | | - Radha K Shandil
- Foundation for Neglected Disease Research, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Raju S Rajmani
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aswin Sai Narain Seshasayee
- National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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