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Ochoa S, Verdaguer-Rodríguez M, Batlle N, Garreta F, Garcia B, Haro JM, Vila-Andreu È, Hernández MJ, Escandell MJ, Muñoz A, Vilamala S, Marcos S, Bassolas L, Pascua M, Ramos B. Efficacy of the combination of water aerobics and metacognitive training on psychological and physical health variables and their relationship with SP1 and SP4 biomarkers in people with psychosis: a study protocol. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1360004. [PMID: 38919799 PMCID: PMC11197846 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1360004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Metacognitive Training (MCT) is widely used and effective in reducing positive symptoms in psychosis. Physical exercise, such as Water Aerobics (WA), improves general health, quality of life and symptoms as a low impact activity that allows social interactions. Preliminary results suggest a relationship between dopamine and psychotic symptoms, through SP transcription factors, SP1 and SP4 biomarkers. The aims of the project are to evaluate the efficacy of a combined intervention (WA and MCT) for psychosis to improve psychotic symptoms, physical health, and transcription levels of SP biomarkers. Materials and methods This is a unicentric randomized controlled trial of three parallel intervention groups: MCT, WA and combined intervention. The estimated sample will be 48 patients with a psychotic spectrum disorder diagnosis. The assessment will be performed at baseline and at 2-months' follow-up. Instruments used in the assessment will include clinical, cognitive, metacognitive, social cognitive and psychosocial variables. Discussion This will be the first study investigating the impact of the combination of MCT and WA in psychosis. Moreover, it will be the first study analyzing changes in the transcriptional biomarkers SP1 and SP4 after interventions. The results of this study may have clinical implications contributing to the improvement of treatment selection. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier: NCT05455593.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ochoa
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
- Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Verdaguer-Rodríguez
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
- Clinical and Health Psychology Department, Psychology Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Núria Batlle
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
| | | | | | - Josep María Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
- Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiologia dels trastorns mentals i de l'envelliment, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Èlia Vila-Andreu
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
| | | | - Maria José Escandell
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
| | - Ana Muñoz
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
| | - Sònia Vilamala
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Belén Ramos
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
- Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - on behalf of Thalassa Research Group
- Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, España, Spain
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Adams AD, Lin J, Bianchi DW, Bishop L, Sato T, Baxter LL, Hoffmann V, Koehly L, Guedj F. Embryonic statistical analyses reveal 2 growth phenotypes in mouse models of Down syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:258.e1-258.e11. [PMID: 37544351 PMCID: PMC10841273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down syndrome is associated with several comorbidities, including intellectual disability, growth restriction, and congenital heart defects. The prevalence of Down syndrome-associated comorbidities is highly variable, and intellectual disability, although fully penetrant, ranges from mild to severe. Understanding the basis of this interindividual variability might identify predictive biomarkers of in utero and postnatal outcomes that could be used as endpoints to test the efficacy of future therapeutic interventions. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to examine if antenatal interindividual variability exists in mouse models of Down syndrome and whether applying statistical approaches to clinically relevant measurements (ie, the weights of the embryo, placenta, and brain) could define cutoffs that discriminate between subgroups of trisomic embryos. STUDY DESIGN Three commonly used mouse models of Down syndrome (Dp(16)1/Yey, Ts65Dn, and Ts1Cje) and a new model (Ts66Yah) were used in this study. Trisomic and euploid littermate embryos were used from each model with total numbers of 102 for Ts66Yah, 118 for Dp(16)1/Yey, 92 for Ts65Dn, and 126 for Ts1Cje. Placental, embryonic, and brain weights and volumes at embryonic day 18.5 were compared between genotypes in each model. K-mean clustering analysis was applied to embryonic and brain weights to identify severity classes in trisomic embryos, and brain and placental volumetric measurements were compared between genotypes and classes for each strain. In addition, Ts66Yah embryos were examined for malformations because embryonic phenotypes have never been examined in this model. RESULTS Reduced body and brain weights were present in Ts66Yah, Dp(16)1/Yey, and Ts65Dn embyos. Cluster analysis identified 2 severity classes in trisomic embryos-mild and severe-in all 4 models that were distinguishable using a putative embryonic weight cutoff of <0.5 standard deviation below the mean. Ts66Yah trisomic embryos develop congenital anomalies that are also found in humans with Down syndrome, including congenital heart defects and renal pelvis dilation. CONCLUSION Statistical approaches applied to clinically relevant measurements revealed 2 classes of phenotypic severity in trisomic mouse models of Down syndrome. Analysis of severely affected trisomic animals may facilitate the identification of biomarkers and endpoints that can be used to prenatally predict outcomes and the efficacy of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- April D Adams
- Section on Prenatal Genomics and Fetal Therapy, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jielu Lin
- Section on Social Network Methods, Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Diana W Bianchi
- Section on Prenatal Genomics and Fetal Therapy, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Lauren Bishop
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Taisuke Sato
- Section on Prenatal Genomics and Fetal Therapy, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laura L Baxter
- Section on Prenatal Genomics and Fetal Therapy, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laura Koehly
- Section on Social Network Methods, Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Faycal Guedj
- Section on Prenatal Genomics and Fetal Therapy, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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3
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Schumacher MA. Peripheral Neuroinflammation and Pain: How Acute Pain Becomes Chronic. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:6-14. [PMID: 37559537 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230808111908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of individuals suffering from severe chronic pain and its social and financial impact is staggering. Without significant advances in our understanding of how acute pain becomes chronic, effective treatments will remain out of reach. This mini review will briefly summarize how critical signaling pathways initiated during the early phases of peripheral nervous system inflammation/ neuroinflammation establish long-term modifications of sensory neuronal function. Together with the recruitment of non-neuronal cellular elements, nociceptive transduction is transformed into a pathophysiologic state sustaining chronic peripheral sensitization and pain. Inflammatory mediators, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), can lower activation thresholds of sensory neurons through posttranslational modification of the pain-transducing ion channels transient-receptor potential TRPV1 and TRPA1. Performing a dual role, NGF also drives increased expression of TRPV1 in sensory neurons through the recruitment of transcription factor Sp4. More broadly, Sp4 appears to modulate a nociceptive transcriptome including TRPA1 and other genes encoding components of pain transduction. Together, these findings suggest a model where acute pain evoked by peripheral injury-induced inflammation becomes persistent through repeated cycles of TRP channel modification, Sp4-dependent overexpression of TRP channels and ongoing production of inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Schumacher
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care and the UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94143 USA
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4
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Young JW. Development of cross-species translational paradigms for psychiatric research in the Research Domain Criteria era. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105119. [PMID: 36889561 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The past 30 years of IBNS has included research attempting to treat the cognitive and behavioral deficits observed in people with psychiatric conditions. Early work utilized drugs identified from tests thought to be cognition-relevant, however the high failure rate crossing the translational-species barrier led to focus on developing valid cross-species translational tests. The face, predictive, and neurobiological validities used to assess animal models of psychiatry can be used to validate these tests. Clinical sensitivity is another important aspect however, for if the clinical population targeted for treatment does not exhibit task deficits, then why develop treatments? This review covers some work validating cross-species translational tests and suggests future directions. Also covered is the contribution IBNS made to fostering such research and my role in IBNS, making it more available to all including fostering mentor/mentee programs plus spearheading diversity and inclusivity initiatives. All science needs support and IBNS has supported research recreating the behavioral abnormalities that define psychiatric conditions with the aim to improve the lives of people with such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared W Young
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
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5
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Xu H, Jia J, Jeong HH, Zhao Z. Deep learning for detecting and elucidating human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 integration in the human genome. PATTERNS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 4:100674. [PMID: 36873907 PMCID: PMC9982299 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2022.100674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus, is the causative agent for adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and many other human diseases. Accurate and high throughput detection of HTLV-1 virus integration sites (VISs) across the host genomes plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of HTLV-1-associated diseases. Here, we developed DeepHTLV, the first deep learning framework for VIS prediction de novo from genome sequence, motif discovery, and cis-regulatory factor identification. We demonstrated the high accuracy of DeepHTLV with more efficient and interpretive feature representations. Decoding the informative features captured by DeepHTLV resulted in eight representative clusters with consensus motifs for potential HTLV-1 integration. Furthermore, DeepHTLV revealed interesting cis-regulatory elements in regulation of VISs that have significant association with the detected motifs. Literature evidence demonstrated nearly half (34) of the predicted transcription factors enriched with VISs were involved in HTLV-1-associated diseases. DeepHTLV is freely available at https://github.com/bsml320/DeepHTLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Xu
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Johnathan Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyun-Hwan Jeong
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, UTHealth Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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6
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Shahcheraghi SH, Ayatollahi J, Lotfi M, Aljabali AAA, Al-Zoubi MS, Panda PK, Mishra V, Satija S, Charbe NB, Serrano-Aroca Á, Bahar B, Takayama K, Goyal R, Bhatia A, Almutary AG, Alnuqaydan AM, Mishra Y, Negi P, Courtney A, McCarron PA, Bakshi HA, Tambuwala MM. Gene Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Potential Targets and Tools. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2023; 22:51-65. [PMID: 35249508 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220304153719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders that affect the central nervous system cause considerable pressures on the health care system and have a substantial economic burden on modern societies. The present treatments based on available drugs are mostly ineffective and often costly. The molecular process of neuropsychiatric disorders is closely connected to modifying the genetic structures inherited or caused by damage, toxic chemicals, and some current diseases. Gene therapy is presently an experimental concept for neurological disorders. Clinical applications endeavor to alleviate the symptoms, reduce disease progression, and repair defective genes. Implementing gene therapy in inherited and acquired neurological illnesses entails the integration of several scientific disciplines, including virology, neurology, neurosurgery, molecular genetics, and immunology. Genetic manipulation has the power to minimize or cure illness by inducing genetic alterations at endogenous loci. Gene therapy that involves treating the disease by deleting, silencing, or editing defective genes and delivering genetic material to produce therapeutic molecules has excellent potential as a novel approach for treating neuropsychiatric disorders. With the recent advances in gene selection and vector design quality in targeted treatments, gene therapy could be an effective approach. This review article will investigate and report the newest and the most critical molecules and factors in neuropsychiatric disorder gene therapy. Different genome editing techniques available will be evaluated, and the review will highlight preclinical research of genome editing for neuropsychiatric disorders while also evaluating current limitations and potential strategies to overcome genome editing advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed H Shahcheraghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Jamshid Ayatollahi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Marzieh Lotfi
- Abortion Research Center, Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mazhar S Al-Zoubi
- Yarmouk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Pritam K Panda
- Condensed Matter Theory Group, Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin B Charbe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Translational Research Centre San Alberto Magno, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, C/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - Bojlul Bahar
- Nutrition Sciences and Applied Food Safety Studies, Research Centre for Global Development, School of Sport & Health Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for IPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
| | - Rohit Goyal
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India
| | - Amit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Punjab 151001, India
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yachana Mishra
- Shri Shakti Degree College, Sankhahari, Ghatampur 209206, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173 212, India
| | - Aaron Courtney
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A McCarron
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Hamid A Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Guo A, Lun P, Chen J, Li Q, Chang K, Li T, Pan D, Zhang J, Zhou J, Wang K, Zhang Q, Yang Q, Gao C, Wu C, Jian X, Wen Y, Wang Z, Shi Y, Zhao X, Sun P, Li Z. Association analysis of risk genes identified by SCHEMA with schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population. Psychiatr Genet 2022; 32:188-193. [PMID: 36125369 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder. Previously, the Schizophrenia Exome Sequencing Meta-analysis consortium identified 10 highest risk genes related to schizophrenia. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the 10 highest risk genes identified by the SCHEMA and schizophrenia in a Chinese population. METHODS A total of 225 variants in 10 genes were screened in a Chinese population of 6836 using a customized array. All variants were annotated through the Variant Effect Predictor tool, and the functional impacts of missense variants were assessed based on sorting intolerant from tolerant and PolyPhen-2 scores. The SHEsisPlus tool was used to analyze the association between risk genes and schizophrenia at the locus and gene levels. RESULTS At the locus level, no missense variants significantly related to schizophrenia were found, but we detected three missense variants that appeared only in cases, including TRIO p. Arg1185Gln, RB1CC1 p. Arg1514Cys, and HERC1 p. Val4517Leu. At the gene level, five genes (TRIO, RB1CC1, HERC1, GRIN2A, and CACAN1G) with more than one variant analyzed were kept for the gene-level association analysis. Only the association between RB1CC1 and schizophrenia reached a significant level (OR = 1.634; 95% CI, 1.062-2.516; P = 0.025). CONCLUSION In this study, we determined that RB1CC1 might be a risk gene for schizophrenia in the Chinese population. Our results provide new evidence for recognizing the correlation of these risk genes with the Chinese schizophrenia population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
| | - Peng Lun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Qinghua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao
| | - Kaihui Chang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
| | - Teng Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao
| | - Dun Pan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Jinmai Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Juan Zhou
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Ke Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Qian Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
| | - Qiangzhen Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Chengwen Gao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
| | - Chuanhong Wu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
| | - Xuemin Jian
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
| | - Yanqin Wen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
| | - Yongyong Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
- Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangzhong Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Biomedical Sciences Institute of Qingdao University (Qingdao Branch of SJTU Bio-X Institutes), Qingdao University
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao
- Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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8
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The Genomic Architecture of Pregnancy-Associated Plasticity in the Maternal Mouse Hippocampus. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0117-22.2022. [PMID: 36239981 PMCID: PMC9522463 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0117-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is associated with extraordinary plasticity in the maternal brain. Studies in humans and other mammals suggest extensive structural and functional remodeling of the female brain during and after pregnancy. However, we understand remarkably little about the molecular underpinnings of this natural phenomenon. To gain insight into pregnancy-associated hippocampal plasticity, we performed single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and snATAC-seq from the mouse hippocampus before, during, and after pregnancy. We identified cell type-specific transcriptional and epigenetic signatures associated with pregnancy and postpartum adaptation. In addition, we analyzed receptor-ligand interactions and transcription factor (TF) motifs that inform hippocampal cell type identity and provide evidence of pregnancy-associated adaption. In total, these data provide a unique resource of coupled transcriptional and epigenetic data across a dynamic time period in the mouse hippocampus and suggest opportunities for functional interrogation of hormone-mediated plasticity.
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Hall J, Bray NJ. Schizophrenia Genomics: Convergence on Synaptic Development, Adult Synaptic Plasticity, or Both? Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:709-717. [PMID: 34974922 PMCID: PMC8929434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale genomic studies of schizophrenia have identified hundreds of genetic loci conferring risk to the disorder. This progress offers an important route toward defining the biological basis of the condition and potentially developing new treatments. In this review, we discuss insights from recent genome-wide association study, copy number variant, and exome sequencing analyses of schizophrenia, together with functional genomics data from the pre- and postnatal brain, in relation to synaptic development and function. These data provide strong support for the view that synaptic dysfunction within glutamatergic and GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) neurons of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and other limbic structures is a central component of schizophrenia pathophysiology. Implicated genes and functional genomic data suggest that disturbances in synaptic connectivity associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia begin in utero but continue throughout development, with some alleles conferring risk to the disorder through direct effects on synaptic function in adulthood. This model implies that novel interventions for schizophrenia could include broad preventive approaches aimed at enhancing synaptic health during development as well as more targeted treatments aimed at correcting synaptic function in affected adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Hall
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine & Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Neuroscience & Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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10
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Niu F, Han P, Zhang J, She Y, Yang L, Yu J, Zhuang M, Tang K, Shi Y, Yang B, Liu C, Peng B, Ji SJ. The m 6A reader YTHDF2 is a negative regulator for dendrite development and maintenance of retinal ganglion cells. eLife 2022; 11:75827. [PMID: 35179492 PMCID: PMC8906807 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise control of growth and maintenance of the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dendrite arborization is critical for normal visual functions in mammals. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we find that the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader YTHDF2 is highly expressed in the mouse RGCs. Conditional knockout (cKO) of Ythdf2 in the retina leads to increased RGC dendrite branching, resulting in more synapses in the inner plexiform layer. Interestingly, the Ythdf2 cKO mice show improved visual acuity compared with control mice. We further demonstrate that Ythdf2 cKO in the retina protects RGCs from dendrite degeneration caused by the experimental acute glaucoma model. We identify the m6A-modified YTHDF2 target transcripts which mediate these effects. This study reveals mechanisms by which YTHDF2 restricts RGC dendrite development and maintenance. YTHDF2 and its target mRNAs might be valuable in developing new treatment approaches for glaucomatous eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fugui Niu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Han
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanchu She
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengru Zhuang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kezhen Tang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuwei Shi
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baisheng Yang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunqiao Liu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Jian Ji
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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11
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Li K, Shao S, Ji T, Liu M, Wang L, Pang Y, Chen M, Xu S, Zhang K, Wang Q, Zhuang Z, Wei L, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Chen K, Lian H, Zhong C. Capicua Regulates Dendritic Morphogenesis Through Ets in Hippocampal Neurons in vitro. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:669310. [PMID: 34385910 PMCID: PMC8353115 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.669310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Capicua (Cic), a transcriptional repressor frequently mutated in brain cancer oligodendroglioma, is highly expressed in adult neurons. However, its function in the dendritic growth of neurons in the hippocampus remains poorly understood. Here, we confirmed that Cic was expressed in hippocampal neurons during the main period of dendritogenesis, suggesting that Cic has a function in dendrite growth. Loss-of-function and gain-of function assays indicated that Cic plays a central role in the inhibition of dendritic morphogenesis and dendritic spines in vitro. Further studies showed that overexpression of Cic reduced the expression of Ets in HT22 cells, while in vitro knockdown of Cic in hippocampal neurons significantly elevated the expression of Ets. These results suggest that Cic may negatively control dendrite growth through Ets, which was confirmed by ShRNA knockdown of either Etv4 or Etv5 abolishing the phenotype of Cic knockdown in cultured neurons. Taken together, our results suggest that Cic inhibits dendritic morphogenesis and the growth of dendritic spines through Ets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongjie Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lufeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuiming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Lian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Grubisha MJ, Sweet RA, MacDonald ML. Investigating Post-translational Modifications in Neuropsychiatric Disease: The Next Frontier in Human Post-mortem Brain Research. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:689495. [PMID: 34335181 PMCID: PMC8322442 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.689495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression and translation have been extensively studied in human post-mortem brain tissue from subjects with psychiatric disease. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have received less attention despite their implication by unbiased genetic studies and importance in regulating neuronal and circuit function. Here we review the rationale for studying PTMs in psychiatric disease, recent findings in human post-mortem tissue, the required controls for these types of studies, and highlight the emerging mass spectrometry approaches transforming this research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J. Grubisha
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Robert A. Sweet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Matthew L. MacDonald
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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13
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Khayachi A, Schorova L, Alda M, Rouleau GA, Milnerwood AJ. Posttranslational modifications & lithium's therapeutic effect-Potential biomarkers for clinical responses in psychiatric & neurodegenerative disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:424-445. [PMID: 33971223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several neurodegenerative diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders display aberrant posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of one, or many, proteins. Lithium treatment has been used for mood stabilization for many decades, and is highly effective for large subsets of patients with diverse neurological conditions. However, the differential effectiveness and mode of action are not fully understood. In recent years, studies have shown that lithium alters several protein PTMs, altering their function, and consequently neuronal physiology. The impetus for this review is to outline the links between lithium's therapeutic mode of action and PTM homeostasis. We first provide an overview of the principal PTMs affected by lithium. We then describe several neuropsychiatric disorders in which PTMs have been implicated as pathogenic. For each of these conditions, we discuss lithium's clinical use and explore the putative mechanism of how it restores PTM homeostasis, and thereby cellular physiology. Evidence suggests that determining specific PTM patterns could be a promising strategy to develop biomarkers for disease and lithium responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khayachi
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - L Schorova
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - G A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - A J Milnerwood
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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14
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Maf1 regulates dendritic morphogenesis and influences learning and memory. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:606. [PMID: 32732865 PMCID: PMC7393169 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maf1, a general transcriptional regulator and mTOR downstream effector, is highly expressed in the hippocampus and cortex, but the function of Maf1 in neurons is not well elucidated. Here, we first demonstrate that Maf1 plays a central role in the inhibition of dendritic morphogenesis and the growth of dendritic spines both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Maf1 downregulation paradoxically leads to activation of AKT-mTOR signaling, which is mediated by decreased PTEN expression. Moreover, we confirmed that Maf1 could regulate the activity of PTEN promoter by luciferase reporter assay, and proved that Maf1 could bind to the promoter of PTEN by ChIP-PCR experiment. We also demonstrate that expression of Maf1 in the hippocampus affects learning and memory in mice. Taken together, we show for the first time that Maf1 inhibits dendritic morphogenesis and the growth of dendritic spines through AKT-mTOR signaling by increasing PTEN expression.
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15
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Vila È, Huerta-Ramos E, Núñez C, Usall J, Ramos B. Specificity proteins 1 and 4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia: a 24-week double-blind, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 269:941-948. [PMID: 30167782 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0938-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that Specificity Protein 1 (SP1) and 4 (SP4) transcription factors are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The therapeutic use of selective oestrogen modulators such as raloxifene added to antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of postmenopausal women with schizophrenia has been investigated in a few clinical trials, which reported an improvement in negative, positive, and general psychopathological symptoms. We aimed to investigate the possible association between peripheral SP protein levels and symptom improvement in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia treated with adjuvant raloxifene. In a subgroup of 14 postmenopausal women with schizophrenia from a 24-week, randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT015736370), we investigated changes in SP1 and SP4 protein levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Participants were randomized to either 60 mg/day adjunctive raloxifene or placebo. Psychopathological symptoms were assessed at baseline and at week 24 with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The expression of SP proteins was evaluated by immunoblot, and changes in PANSS scores and protein levels were compared at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. An improvement in symptoms was observed in the intervention group, but not in placebo group. Post-treatment protein levels of SP4, but not SP1, correlated with improvements in general and total PANSS subscales in the raloxifene intervention group. A reduction in SP4 levels was found after raloxifene treatment. These results suggest that SP4 may be involved in raloxifene symptom improvement in postmenopausal women and could be a potential candidate for future studies investigating blood-based biomarkers for raloxifene effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Èlia Vila
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Elena Huerta-Ramos
- Intervencions en Salut Mental, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Doctor Antoni Pujadas 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Catalan Group in Women's Mental Health Research (GTRDSM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Núñez
- Intervencions en Salut Mental, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Doctor Antoni Pujadas 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Catalan Group in Women's Mental Health Research (GTRDSM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Usall
- Intervencions en Salut Mental, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Doctor Antoni Pujadas 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Catalan Group in Women's Mental Health Research (GTRDSM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Belén Ramos
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Doctor Antoni Pujadas 42, 08830, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
- Dept. de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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16
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Nesan D, Kurrasch DM. Gestational Exposure to Common Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Their Impact on Neurodevelopment and Behavior. Annu Rev Physiol 2019; 82:177-202. [PMID: 31738670 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are common in our environment and act on hormone systems and signaling pathways to alter physiological homeostasis. Gestational exposure can disrupt developmental programs, permanently altering tissues with impacts lasting into adulthood. The brain is a critical target for developmental endocrine disruption, resulting in altered neuroendocrine control of hormonal signaling, altered neurotransmitter control of nervous system function, and fundamental changes in behaviors such as learning, memory, and social interactions. Human cohort studies reveal correlations between maternal/fetal exposure to endocrine disruptors and incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we summarize the major literature findings of endocrine disruption of neurodevelopment and concomitant changes in behavior by four major endocrine disruptor classes:bisphenol A, polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphates, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. We specifically review studies of gestational and/or lactational exposure to understand the effects of early life exposure to these compounds and summarize animal studies that help explain human correlative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinushan Nesan
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada; , .,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Deborah M Kurrasch
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada; , .,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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17
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Sp1 in Astrocyte Is Important for Neurite Outgrowth and Synaptogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:261-277. [PMID: 31317491 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we found that Sp1 was highly expressed in astrocytes, implying that Sp1 might be important for the function of astrocytes. Sp1/GFAP-Cre-ERT2 conditional knockout mice were constructed to study the role of Sp1 in astrocytes. Knockout of Sp1 in astrocytes altered astrocytic morphology and decreased GFAP expression in the cortex and hippocampus but did not affect cell viability. Loss of Sp1 in astrocytes decreased the number of neurons in the cortex and hippocampus. Conditioned medium from primary astrocytes with Sp1 knockout disrupted neuronal dendritic outgrowth and synapse formation, resulting in abnormal learning, memory, and motor behavior. Sp1 knockout in astrocytes altered gene expression, including decreasing the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 and Cfb and increasing the expression of C1q and C4Bp, thereby affecting neurite outgrowth and synapse formation, resulting in disordered neuron function. Studying these gene regulations might be beneficial to understanding neuronal development and brain injury prevention.
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18
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Goodman JV, Bonni A. Regulation of neuronal connectivity in the mammalian brain by chromatin remodeling. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 59:59-68. [PMID: 31146125 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Precise temporal and spatial control of gene expression is essential for brain development. Besides DNA sequence-specific transcription factors, epigenetic factors play an integral role in the control of gene expression in neurons. Among epigenetic mechanisms, chromatin remodeling enzymes have emerged as essential to the control of neural circuit assembly and function in the brain. Here, we review recent studies on the roles and mechanisms of the chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding (Chd) family of chromatin remodeling enzymes in the regulation of neuronal morphogenesis and connectivity in the mammalian brain. We explore the field through the lens of Chd3, Chd4, and Chd5 proteins, which incorporate into the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, and the related proteins Chd7 and Chd8, implicated in the pathogenesis of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders. These studies have advanced our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate neuronal connectivity in brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared V Goodman
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Azad Bonni
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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19
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Sheehan K, Lee J, Chong J, Zavala K, Sharma M, Philipsen S, Maruyama T, Xu Z, Guan Z, Eilers H, Kawamata T, Schumacher M. Transcription factor Sp4 is required for hyperalgesic state persistence. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211349. [PMID: 30811405 PMCID: PMC6392229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how painful hypersensitive states develop and persist beyond the initial hours to days is critically important in the effort to devise strategies to prevent and/or reverse chronic painful states. Changes in nociceptor transcription can alter the abundance of nociceptive signaling elements, resulting in longer-term change in nociceptor phenotype. As a result, sensitized nociceptive signaling can be further amplified and nocifensive behaviors sustained for weeks to months. Building on our previous finding that transcription factor Sp4 positively regulates the expression of the pain transducing channel TRPV1 in Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) neurons, we sought to determine if Sp4 serves a broader role in the development and persistence of hypersensitive states in mice. We observed that more than 90% of Sp4 staining DRG neurons were small to medium sized, primarily unmyelinated (NF200 neg) and the majority co-expressed nociceptor markers TRPV1 and/or isolectin B4 (IB4). Genetically modified mice (Sp4+/-) with a 50% reduction of Sp4 showed a reduction in DRG TRPV1 mRNA and neuronal responses to the TRPV1 agonist-capsaicin. Importantly, Sp4+/- mice failed to develop persistent inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia, showing a reversal to control values after 6 hours. Despite a reversal of inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia, there was no difference in CFA-induced hindpaw swelling between CFA Sp4+/- and CFA wild type mice. Similarly, Sp4+/- mice failed to develop persistent mechanical hypersensitivity to hind-paw injection of NGF. Although Sp4+/- mice developed hypersensitivity to traumatic nerve injury, Sp4+/- mice failed to develop persistent cold or mechanical hypersensitivity to the platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin, a non-traumatic model of neuropathic pain. Overall, Sp4+/- mice displayed a remarkable ability to reverse the development of multiple models of persistent inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity. This suggests that Sp4 functions as a critical control point for a network of genes that conspire in the persistence of painful hypersensitive states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Sheehan
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jessica Lee
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jillian Chong
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kathryn Zavala
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Manohar Sharma
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tomoyuki Maruyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Zheyun Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Zhonghui Guan
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Helge Eilers
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tomoyuki Kawamata
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mark Schumacher
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Bryois J, Garrett ME, Song L, Safi A, Giusti-Rodriguez P, Johnson GD, Shieh AW, Buil A, Fullard JF, Roussos P, Sklar P, Akbarian S, Haroutunian V, Stockmeier CA, Wray GA, White KP, Liu C, Reddy TE, Ashley-Koch A, Sullivan PF, Crawford GE. Evaluation of chromatin accessibility in prefrontal cortex of individuals with schizophrenia. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3121. [PMID: 30087329 PMCID: PMC6081462 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia genome-wide association studies have identified >150 regions of the genome associated with disease risk, yet there is little evidence that coding mutations contribute to this disorder. To explore the mechanism of non-coding regulatory elements in schizophrenia, we performed ATAC-seq on adult prefrontal cortex brain samples from 135 individuals with schizophrenia and 137 controls, and identified 118,152 ATAC-seq peaks. These accessible chromatin regions in the brain are highly enriched for schizophrenia SNP heritability. Accessible chromatin regions that overlap evolutionarily conserved regions exhibit an even higher heritability enrichment, indicating that sequence conservation can further refine functional risk variants. We identify few differences in chromatin accessibility between cases and controls, in contrast to thousands of age-related differential accessible chromatin regions. Altogether, we characterize chromatin accessibility in the human prefrontal cortex, the effect of schizophrenia and age on chromatin accessibility, and provide evidence that our dataset will allow for fine mapping of risk variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bryois
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lingyun Song
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Alexias Safi
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | | | - Graham D Johnson
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Annie W Shieh
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark
| | - John F Fullard
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Pamela Sklar
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- MIRECC, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Craig A Stockmeier
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Gregory A Wray
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Kevin P White
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Timothy E Reddy
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Allison Ashley-Koch
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Patrick F Sullivan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7264, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7264, USA.
| | - Gregory E Crawford
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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21
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Nesan D, Sewell LC, Kurrasch DM. Opening the black box of endocrine disruption of brain development: Lessons from the characterization of Bisphenol A. Horm Behav 2018; 101:50-58. [PMID: 29241697 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is among the best-studied endocrine disrupting chemicals, known to act via multiple steroid hormone receptors to mediate a myriad of cellular effects. Pre-, peri-, and postnatal BPA exposure have been linked to a variety of altered behaviors in multiple model organisms, ranging from zebrafish to frogs to mammalian models. Given that BPA can cross the human placental barrier and has been found in the serum of human fetuses during gestation, BPA has been postulated to adversely affect ongoing neurodevelopment, ultimately leading to behavioral disorders later in life. Indeed, the brain has been identified as a key developmental target for BPA disruption. Despite these known associations between gestational BPA exposure and adverse developmental outcomes, as well as an extensive body of evidence existing in the literature, the mechanisms by which BPA induces its cellular- and tissue-specific effects on neurodevelopmental processes still remains poorly understood at a mechanistic level. In this review we will briefly summarize the effects of gestational BPA exposure on neural developmental mechanisms and resulting behaviors, and then present suggestions for how we might address gaps in our knowledge to develop a fuller understanding of endocrine neurodevelopmental disruption to better inform governmental policy against the use of BPA or other endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinushan Nesan
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotckhiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Laronna C Sewell
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotckhiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah M Kurrasch
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotckhiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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22
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Ledda F, Paratcha G. Mechanisms regulating dendritic arbor patterning. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:4511-4537. [PMID: 28735442 PMCID: PMC11107629 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2588-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system is populated by diverse types of neurons, each of which has dendritic trees with strikingly different morphologies. These neuron-specific morphologies determine how dendritic trees integrate thousands of synaptic inputs to generate different firing properties. To ensure proper neuronal function and connectivity, it is necessary that dendrite patterns are precisely controlled and coordinated with synaptic activity. Here, we summarize the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate the formation of cell type-specific dendrite patterns during development. We focus on different aspects of vertebrate dendrite patterning that are particularly important in determining the neuronal function; such as the shape, branching, orientation and size of the arbors as well as the development of dendritic spine protrusions that receive excitatory inputs and compartmentalize postsynaptic responses. Additionally, we briefly comment on the implications of aberrant dendritic morphology for nervous system disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Ledda
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience (IBCN)-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, 3rd Floor, CABA, 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Paratcha
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience (IBCN)-CONICET, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, 3rd Floor, CABA, 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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23
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MacDowell KS, Pinacho R, Leza JC, Costa J, Ramos B, García-Bueno B. Differential regulation of the TLR4 signalling pathway in post-mortem prefrontal cortex and cerebellum in chronic schizophrenia: Relationship with SP transcription factors. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 79:481-492. [PMID: 28803924 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in innate immunity may underlie the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) is a master element of innate immunity. The specificity proteins (SPs), transcription factors recently implicated in SZ, are putative regulatory agents of this. This work was aimed at describing alterations in the TLR4 signalling pathway in postmortem brain prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cerebellum (CB) of 16 chronic SZ patients and 14 controls. The possible association of TLR4 pathway with SP1 and SP4 and SZ negative symptomatology is explored. In PFC, TLR4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor kappa B alpha (IκBα) protein levels were lower in SZ patients, while nuclear transcription factor-κB (NFκB) activity, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the lipid peroxidation index malondialdehyde (MDA) appeared increased. The pattern of changes in CB is opposite, except for COX-2 expression that remained augmented and MDA levels unaltered. Network interaction analysis showed that TLR4/MyD88/IκBα/NFκB/COX-2 pathway was coupled in PFC and uncoupled in CB. SP4 co-expressed with TLR4 and NFκB in PFC and both SP1 and SP4 co-expressed with NFκB in CB. In PFC, correlation analysis found an inverse relationship between NFκB and negative symptoms. In summary, we found brain region-specific alterations in the TLR4 signalling pathway in chronic SZ, in which SP transcription factors could participate at different levels. Further studies are required to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of innate immunity in SZ and its relationship with symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina S MacDowell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital 12 de Octubre Imas12, IUINQ, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Pinacho
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Juan C Leza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital 12 de Octubre Imas12, IUINQ, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Costa
- Banc de Teixits Neurologics, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Belén Ramos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Dept. de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Borja García-Bueno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Spain; Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital 12 de Octubre Imas12, IUINQ, University Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Cope ZA, Powell SB, Young JW. Modeling neurodevelopmental cognitive deficits in tasks with cross-species translational validity. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2016; 15:27-44. [PMID: 26667374 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Numerous psychiatric disorders whose cognitive dysfunction links to functional outcome have neurodevelopmental origins including schizophrenia, autism and bipolar disorder. Treatments are needed for these cognitive deficits, which require development using animal models. Models of neurodevelopmental disorders are as varied and diverse as the disorders themselves, recreating some but not all aspects of the disorder. This variety may in part underlie why purported procognitive treatments translated from these models have failed to restore functioning in the targeted patient populations. Further complications arise from environmental factors used in these models that can contribute to numerous disorders, perhaps only impacting specific domains, while diagnostic boundaries define individual disorders, limiting translational efficacy. The Research Domain Criteria project seeks to 'develop new ways to classify mental disorders based on behavioral dimensions and neurobiological measures' in hopes of facilitating translational research by remaining agnostic toward diagnostic borders derived from clinical presentation in humans. Models could therefore recreate biosignatures of cognitive dysfunction irrespective of disease state. This review highlights work within the field of neurodevelopmental models of psychiatric disorders tested in cross-species translational cognitive paradigms that directly inform this newly developing research strategy. By expounding on this approach, the hopes are that a fuller understanding of each model may be attainable in terms of the cognitive profile elicited by each manipulation. Hence, conclusions may begin to be drawn on the nature of cognitive neuropathology on neurodevelopmental and other disorders, increasing the chances of procognitive treatment development for individuals affected in specific cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Cope
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - S B Powell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla.,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J W Young
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla.,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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25
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Chen J, He K, Wang Q, Li Z, Shen J, Li T, Wang M, Wen Z, Li W, Qiang Y, Wang T, Ji J, Wu N, Wang Z, Zhang B, Feng G, He L, Xu Y, Shi Y. Role played by the SP4 gene in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder in the Han Chinese population. Br J Psychiatry 2016; 208:441-5. [PMID: 26450579 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.151688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (MDD) are likely to be caused by multiple susceptibility genes, each with small effects in increasing the risk of illness. Identifying DNA variants associated with schizophrenia and MDD is a crucial step in understanding the pathophysiology of these disorders. AIMS To investigate whether the SP4 gene plays a significant role in schizophrenia or MDD in the Han Chinese population. METHOD We focused on nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) harbouring the SP4 gene and carried out case-control studies in 1235 patients with schizophrenia, 1045 patients with MDD and 1235 healthy controls recruited from the Han Chinese population. RESULTS We found that rs40245 was significantly associated with schizophrenia in both allele and genotype distributions (Pallele = 0.0005, Pallele = 0.004 after Bonferroni correction; Pgenotype = 0.0023, Pgenotype = 0.0184 after Bonferroni correction). The rs6461563 SNP was significantly associated with schizophrenia in the allele distributions (Pallele = 0.0033, Pallele = 0.0264 after Bonferroni correction). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that common risk factors in the SP4 gene are associated with schizophrenia, although not with MDD, in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Chen
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuanjun He
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingzhong Wang
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Shen
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zujia Wen
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjin Li
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Qiang
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ti Wang
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Ji
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wu
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiao Wang
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyin Feng
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin He
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyong Shi
- Jianhua Chen, MD, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Kuanjun He, PhD, Qingzhong Wang, PhD, Zhiqiang Li, PhD, Jiawei Shen, PhD, Tao Li, PhD, Meng Wang, MSc, Zujia Wen, PhD, Wenjin Li, PhD, Yu Qiang, MSc, Ti Wang, PhD, Jue Ji, BS, Na Wu, BS, Zhiqiao Wang, BS, Bo Zhang, BS, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Guoyin Feng, BS, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Lin He, PhD, Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Yifeng Xu, MD, MSc, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Yongyong Shi, PhD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, Institute of Neuropsychiatric Science and Systems Biological Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, and Institute of Social Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Young JW, Kamenski ME, Higa KK, Light GA, Geyer MA, Zhou X. GlyT-1 Inhibition Attenuates Attentional But Not Learning or Motivational Deficits of the Sp4 Hypomorphic Mouse Model Relevant to Psychiatric Disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2015; 40:2715-26. [PMID: 25907107 PMCID: PMC4864647 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Serious mental illness occurs in 25% of the general population, with many disorders being neurodevelopmental, lifelong, and debilitating. The wide variation and overlap in symptoms across disorders increases the difficulty of research and treatment development. The NIMH Research Domain of Criteria initiative aims to improve our understanding of the molecular and behavioral consequences of specific neurodevelopmental mechanisms across disorders, enabling targeted treatment development. The transcription factor Specificity Protein 4 (SP4) is important for neurodevelopment and is genetically associated with both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Reduced Sp4 expression in mice (hypomorphic) reproduces several characteristics of psychiatric disorders. We further tested the utility of Sp4 hypomorphic mice as a model organism relevant to psychiatric disorders by assessing cognitive control plus effort and decision-making aspects of approach motivation using cross-species-relevant tests. Sp4 hypomorphic mice exhibited impaired attention as measured by the 5-Choice Continuous Performance Test, an effect that was attenuated by glycine type-1 transporter (GlyT-1) inhibition. Hypomorphic mice also exhibited reduced motivation to work for a reward and impaired probabilistic learning. These deficits may stem from affected anticipatory reward, analogous to anhedonia in patients with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Neither positive valence deficit was attenuated by GlyT-1 treatment, suggesting that these and the attentional deficits stem from different underlying mechanisms. Given the association of SP4 gene with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, the present studies provide support that personalized GlyT-1 inhibition may treat attentional deficits in neuropsychiatric patients with low SP4 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared W Young
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0804, La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, USA, Tel: +1 619 543 3582, Fax: +1 619 735 9205, E-mail:
| | - Mary E Kamenski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kerin K Higa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Light
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark A Geyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Xianjin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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27
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Nair B, Johar K, Priya A, Wong-Riley MTT. Specificity protein 4 (Sp4) transcriptionally regulates inhibitory GABAergic receptors in neurons. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:1-9. [PMID: 26469128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that the neuron-specific specificity protein 4 (Sp4) transcriptionally regulates many excitatory neurotransmitter receptor subunit genes, such as those for GluN1, GluN2A, and GluN2B of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and Gria2 of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. It also regulates Atp1a1 and Atp1b1 subunit genes of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, a major energy-consuming enzyme, as well as all 13 subunits of cytochrome c oxidase (COX), an important energy-generating enzyme. Thus, there is a tight coupling between energy consumption, energy production, and excitatory neuronal activity at the transcriptional level in neurons. The question is whether inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors are also regulated by Sp4. In the present study, we tested our hypothesis that Sp4 regulates receptor subunit genes of a major inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, specifically GABAA receptors. By means of multiple approaches, including in silico analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift and supershift assays, real-time quantitative PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation, promoter mutational analysis, over-expression and shRNA of Sp4, functional assays, and western blots, we found that Sp4 functionally regulates the transcription of Gabra1 (GABAA α1) and Gabra2 (GABAA α2), but not Gabra3 (GABAA α3) subunit genes. The binding sites of Sp4 are conserved among rats, humans, and mice. Thus, our results substantiate our hypothesis that Sp4 plays a key role in regulating the transcription of GABAA receptor subunit genes. They also indicate that Sp4 is in a position to transcriptionally regulate the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurochemical expressions in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Nair
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kaid Johar
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Anusha Priya
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Margaret T T Wong-Riley
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Pinacho R, Saia G, Meana JJ, Gill G, Ramos B. Transcription factor SP4 phosphorylation is altered in the postmortem cerebellum of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia subjects. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:1650-1660. [PMID: 26049820 PMCID: PMC4600646 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors play important roles in the control of neuronal function in physiological and pathological conditions. We previously reported reduced levels of transcription factor SP4 protein, but not transcript, in the cerebellum in bipolar disorder and associated with more severe negative symptoms in schizophrenia. We have recently reported phosphorylation of Sp4 at S770, which is regulated by membrane depolarization and NMDA receptor activity. The aim of this study was to investigate SP4 S770 phosphorylation in bipolar disorder and its association with negative symptoms in schizophrenia, and to explore the potential relationship between phosphorylation and protein abundance. Here we report a significant increase in SP4 phosphorylation in the cerebellum, but not the prefrontal cortex, of bipolar disorder subjects (n=10) (80% suicide) compared to matched controls (n=10). We found that SP4 phosphorylation inversely correlated with SP4 levels independently of disease status in both areas of the human brain. Moreover, SP4 phosphorylation in the cerebellum positively correlated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia subjects (n=15). Further, we observed that a phospho-mimetic mutation in truncated Sp4 was sufficient to significantly decrease Sp4 steady-state levels, while a non-phosphorylatable mutant showed increased stability in cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons. Our results indicate that SP4 S770 phosphorylation is increased in the cerebellum in bipolar disorder subjects that committed suicide and in severe schizophrenia subjects, and may be part of a degradation signal that controls Sp4 abundance in cerebellar granule neurons. This opens the possibility that modulation of SP4 phosphorylation may contribute to the molecular pathophysiology of psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pinacho
- Unitat de recerca, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM. Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830- Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregory Saia
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111.,Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111
| | - J Javier Meana
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, B Sarriena s/n 48940-Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Grace Gill
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Belén Ramos
- Unitat de recerca, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM. Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830- Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Majewski L, Kuznicki J. SOCE in neurons: Signaling or just refilling? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:1940-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Sp3/REST/HDAC1/HDAC2 Complex Represses and Sp1/HIF-1/p300 Complex Activates ncx1 Gene Transcription, in Brain Ischemia and in Ischemic Brain Preconditioning, by Epigenetic Mechanism. J Neurosci 2015; 35:7332-48. [PMID: 25972164 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2174-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1) is reduced in stroke by the RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST), whereas it is increased in ischemic brain preconditioning (PC) by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Because ncx1 brain promoter (ncx1-Br) has five putative consensus sequences, named Sp1A-E, for the specificity protein (Sp) family of transcription factors (Sp1-4), we investigated the role of this family in regulating ncx1 transcription in rat cortical neurons. Here we found that Sp1 is a transcriptional activator, whereas Sp3 is a transcriptional repressor of ncx1, and that both bind ncx1-Br in a sequence-specific manner, modulating ncx1 transcription through the Sp1 sites C-E. Furthermore, by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in rats, the transcriptional repressors Sp3 and REST colocalized with the two histone-deacetylases (HDACs) HDAC1 and HDAC2 on the ncx1-Br, with a consequent hypoacetylation. Contrarily, in PC+tMCAO the transcriptional activators Sp1 and HIF-1 colocalized with histone acetyltransferase p300 on ncx1-Br with a consequent hyperacetylation. In addition, in neurons silenced with siRNA of NCX1 and subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) (3 h) plus reoxygenation (RX) (24 h), the neuroprotection of Class I HDAC inhibitor MS-275 was counteracted, whereas in neurons overexpressing NCX1 and subjected to ischemic preconditioning (PC+OGD/RX), the neurotoxic effect of p300 inhibitor C646 was prevented. Collectively, these results demonstrate that NCX1 expression is regulated by the Sp3/REST/HDAC1/HDAC2 complex in tMCAO and by the Sp1/HIF-1/p300 complex in PC+tMCAO and that epigenetic intervention, by modulating the acetylation of ncx1-Br, may be a strategy for the development of innovative therapeutic intervention in stroke.
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Pinacho R, Saia G, Fusté M, Meléndez-Pérez I, Villalta-Gil V, Haro JM, Gill G, Ramos B. Phosphorylation of transcription factor specificity protein 4 is increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of first-episode psychosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125115. [PMID: 25915526 PMCID: PMC4411105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered expression of transcription factor specificity protein 4 (SP4) has been found in the postmortem brain of patients with psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Reduced levels of SP4 protein have recently been reported in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in first-episode psychosis. Also, SP4 levels are modulated by lithium treatment in cultured neurons. Phosphorylation of SP4 at S770 is increased in the cerebellum of bipolar disorder subjects and upon inhibition of NMDA receptor signaling in cultured neurons. The aim of this study was to investigate whether SP4 S770 phosphorylation is increased in lymphocytes of first-episode psychosis patients and the effect of lithium treatment on this phosphorylation. Methods A cross-sectional study of S770 phosphorylation relative to total SP4 immunoreactivity using specific antibodies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in first-episode psychosis patients (n = 14, treated with lithium or not) and matched healthy controls (n = 14) by immunoblot was designed. We also determined the effects of the prescribed drugs lithium, olanzapine or valproic acid on SP4 phosphorylation in rat primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Results We found that SP4 S770 phosphorylation was significantly increased in lymphocytes in first-episode psychosis compared to controls and decreased in patients treated with lithium compared to patients who did not receive lithium. Moreover, incubation with lithium but not olanzapine or valproic acid reduced SP4 phosphorylation in rat cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Conclusions The findings presented here indicate that SP4 S770 phosphorylation is increased in lymphocytes in first-episode psychosis which may be reduced by lithium treatment in patients. Moreover, our study shows lithium treatment prevents this phosphorylation in vitro in neurons. This pilot study suggests that S770 SP4 phosphorylation could be a peripheral biomarker of psychosis, and may be regulated by lithium treatment in first-episode psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pinacho
- Unitat de recerca, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregory Saia
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Montserrat Fusté
- Unitat de recerca, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iria Meléndez-Pérez
- Unitat de recerca, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Villalta-Gil
- Unitat de recerca, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Unitat de recerca, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grace Gill
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (BR); (GG)
| | - Belén Ramos
- Unitat de recerca, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (BR); (GG)
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Olguín-Albuerne M, Morán J. ROS produced by NOX2 control in vitro development of cerebellar granule neurons development. ASN Neuro 2015; 7:7/2/1759091415578712. [PMID: 25873309 PMCID: PMC4720178 DOI: 10.1177/1759091415578712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules that regulate nervous system physiology. ROS have been related to neural differentiation, neuritogenesis, and programmed cell death. Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanisms involved in the regulation of ROS during neuronal development. In this study, we evaluated the mechanisms by which ROS are regulated during neuronal development and the implications of these molecules in this process. Primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) were used to address these issues. Our results show that during the first 3 days of CGN development in vitro (days in vitro; DIV), the levels of ROS increased, reaching a peak at 2 and 3 DIV under depolarizing (25 mM KCl) and nondepolarizing (5 mM KCl) conditions. Subsequently, under depolarizing conditions, the ROS levels markedly decreased, but in nondepolarizing conditions, the ROS levels increased gradually. This correlated with the extent of CGN maturation. Also, antioxidants and NADPH-oxidases (NOX) inhibitors reduced the expression of Tau and MAP2. On the other hand, the levels of glutathione markedly increased at 1 DIV. We inferred that the ROS increase at this time is critical for cell survival because glutathione depletion leads to axonal degeneration and CGN death only at 2 DIV. During the first 3 DIV, NOX2 was upregulated and expressed in filopodia and growth cones, which correlated with the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) distribution in the cell. Finally, NOX2 KO CGN showed shorter neurites than wild-type CGN. Taken together, these results suggest that the regulation of ROS is critical during the early stages of CGN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Olguín-Albuerne
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Julio Morán
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
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Fukuchi M, Nakashima F, Tabuchi A, Shimotori M, Tatsumi S, Okuno H, Bito H, Tsuda M. Class I histone deacetylase-mediated repression of the proximal promoter of the activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein gene regulates its response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:6825-36. [PMID: 25623071 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.617258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the transcriptional regulation of the activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein gene (Arc), focusing on BDNF-induced Arc expression in cultured rat cortical cells. Although the synaptic activity-responsive element (SARE), located -7 kbp upstream of the Arc transcription start site, responded to NMDA, BDNF, or FGF2, the proximal region of the promoter (Arc/-1679) was activated by BDNF or FGF2, but not by NMDA, suggesting the presence of at least two distinct Arc promoter regions, distal and proximal, that respond to extracellular stimuli. Specificity protein 4 (SP4) and early growth response 1 (EGR1) controlled Arc/-1679 transcriptional activity via the region encompassing -169 to -37 of the Arc promoter. We found that trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, significantly enhanced the inductive effects of BDNF or FGF2, but not those of NMDA on Arc expression. Inhibitors of class I/IIb HDACs, SAHA, and class I HDACs, MS-275, but not of class II HDACs, MC1568, enhanced BDNF-induced Arc expression. The enhancing effect of TSA was mediated by the region from -1027 to -1000 bp, to which serum response factor (SRF) and HDAC1 bound. The binding of HDAC1 to this region was reduced by TSA. Thus, Arc expression was suppressed by class I HDAC-mediated mechanisms via chromatin modification of the proximal promoter whereas the inhibition of HDAC allowed Arc expression to be markedly enhanced in response to BDNF or FGF2. These results contribute to our understanding of the physiological role of Arc expression in neuronal functions such as memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Fukuchi
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan and
| | - Fukumi Nakashima
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan and
| | - Akiko Tabuchi
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan and
| | - Masataka Shimotori
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan and
| | - Saori Tatsumi
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan and
| | - Hiroyuki Okuno
- the Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Bito
- the Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tsuda
- From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan and
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Pinacho R, Valdizán EM, Pilar-Cuellar F, Prades R, Tarragó T, Haro JM, Ferrer I, Ramos B. Increased SP4 and SP1 transcription factor expression in the postmortem hippocampus of chronic schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 58:189-96. [PMID: 25175639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Altered levels of transcription factor specificity protein 4 (SP4) and 1 (SP1) in the cerebellum, prefrontal cortex and/or lymphocytes have been reported in severe psychiatric disorders, including early psychosis, bipolar disorder, and chronic schizophrenia subjects who have undergone long-term antipsychotic treatments. SP4 transgenic mice show altered hippocampal-dependent psychotic-like behaviours and altered development of hippocampal dentate gyrus. Moreover, NMDAR activity regulates SP4 function. The aim of this study was to investigate SP4 and SP1 expression levels in the hippocampus in schizophrenia, and the possible effect of antipsychotics and NMDAR blockade on SP protein levels in rodent hippocampus. We analysed SP4 and SP1 expression levels in the postmortem hippocampus of chronic schizophrenia (n = 14) and control (n = 11) subjects by immunoblot and quantitative RT-PCR. We tested the effect of NMDAR blockade on SP factors in the hippocampus of mouse treated with an acute dose of MK801. We also investigated the effect of subacute treatments with haloperidol and clozapine on SP protein levels in the rat hippocampus. We report that SP4 protein and both SP4 and SP1 mRNA expression levels are significantly increased in the hippocampus in chronic schizophrenia. Likewise, acute treatment with MK801 increased both SP4 and SP1 protein levels in mouse hippocampus. In contrast, subacute treatment with haloperidol and clozapine did not significantly alter SP protein levels in rat hippocampus. These results suggest that SP4 and SP1 upregulation may be part of the mechanisms deregulated downstream of glutamate signalling pathways in schizophrenia and might be contributing to the hippocampal-dependent cognitive deficits of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pinacho
- Unitat de recerca, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM. Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elsa M Valdizán
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (CSIC-UC-SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM. Avda. Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Fuencisla Pilar-Cuellar
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (CSIC-UC-SODERCAN), Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM. Avda. Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Roger Prades
- Iproteos S.L., Baldiri I Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Tarragó
- Iproteos S.L., Baldiri I Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri I Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Unitat de recerca, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM. Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Instituto de Neuropatología, IDIBELL-Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red para enfermedades neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED. Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet de LLobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Ramos
- Unitat de recerca, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM. Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Sun X, Pinacho R, Saia G, Punko D, Meana JJ, Ramos B, Gill G. Transcription factor Sp4 regulates expression of nervous wreck 2 to control NMDAR1 levels and dendrite patterning. Dev Neurobiol 2014; 75:93-108. [PMID: 25045015 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glutamatergic signaling through N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) is important for neuronal development and plasticity and is often dysregulated in psychiatric disorders. Mice mutant for the transcription factor Sp4 have reduced levels of NMDAR subunit 1 (NR1) protein, but not mRNA, and exhibit behavioral and memory deficits (Zhou et al., [2010] Human Molecular Genetics 19: 3797-3805). In developing cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), Sp4 controls dendrite patterning (Ramos et al., [2007] Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 9882-9887). Sp4 target genes that regulate dendrite pruning or NR1 levels are not known. Here we report that Sp4 activates transcription of Nervous Wreck 2 (Nwk2; also known as Fchsd1) and, further, that Nwk2, an F-BAR domain-containing protein, mediates Sp4-dependent regulation of dendrite patterning and cell surface expression of NR1. Knockdown of Nwk2 in CGNs increased primary dendrite number, phenocopying Sp4 knockdown, and exogenous expression of Nwk2 in Sp4-depleted neurons rescued dendrite number. We observed that acute Sp4 depletion reduced levels of surface, but not total, NR1, and this was rescued by Nwk2 expression. Furthermore, expression of Nr1 suppressed the increase in dendrite number in Sp4- or Nwk2- depleted neurons. We previously reported that Sp4 protein levels were reduced in cerebellum of subjects with bipolar disorder (BD) (Pinacho et al., [2011] Bipolar Disorders 13: 474-485). Here we report that Nwk2 mRNA and NR1 protein levels were also reduced in postmortem cerebellum of BD subjects. Our data suggest a role for Sp4-regulated Nwk2 in NMDAR trafficking and identify a Sp4-Nwk2-NMDAR1 pathway that regulates neuronal morphogenesis during development and may be disrupted in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Sun
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111; Genetics Program, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, 02111
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36
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Lalonde J, Saia G, Gill G. Store-operated calcium entry promotes the degradation of the transcription factor Sp4 in resting neurons. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra51. [PMID: 24894994 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca(2+)) signaling activated in response to membrane depolarization regulates neuronal maturation, connectivity, and plasticity. Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) occurs in response to depletion of Ca(2+) from endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mediates refilling of this Ca(2+) store, and supports Ca(2+) signaling in nonexcitable cells. We report that maximal activation of SOCE occurred in cerebellar granule neurons cultured under resting conditions and that this Ca(2+) influx promoted the degradation of transcription factor Sp4, a regulator of neuronal morphogenesis and function. Lowering the concentration of extracellular potassium, a condition that reduces neuronal excitability, stimulated depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores, resulted in the relocalization of the ER Ca(2+) sensor STIM1 into punctate clusters consistent with multimerization and accumulation at junctions between the ER and plasma membrane, and induced a Ca(2+) influx with characteristics of SOCE. Compounds that block SOCE prevented the ubiquitylation and degradation of Sp4 in neurons exposed to a low concentration of extracellular potassium. Knockdown of STIM1 blocked degradation of Sp4, whereas expression of constitutively active STIM1 decreased Sp4 abundance under depolarizing conditions. Our findings indicated that, in neurons, SOCE is induced by hyperpolarization, and suggested that this Ca(2+) influx pathway is a distinct mechanism for regulating neuronal gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Lalonde
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Gregory Saia
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA. Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology Program, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Grace Gill
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Saia G, Lalonde J, Sun X, Ramos B, Gill G. Phosphorylation of the transcription factor Sp4 is reduced by NMDA receptor signaling. J Neurochem 2014; 129:743-52. [PMID: 24475768 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of transcription factor function in response to neuronal activity is important for development and function of the nervous system. The transcription factor Sp4 regulates the developmental patterning of dendrites, contributes to complex processes including learning and memory, and has been linked to psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Despite its many roles in the nervous system, the molecular mechanisms regulating Sp4 activity are poorly understood. Here, we report a site of phosphorylation on Sp4 at serine 770 that is decreased in response to membrane depolarization. Inhibition of the voltage-dependent NMDA receptor increased Sp4 phosphorylation. Conversely, stimulation with NMDA reduced the levels of Sp4 phosphorylation, and this was dependent on the protein phosphatase 1/2A. A phosphomimetic substitution at S770 impaired the Sp4-dependent maturation of cerebellar granule neuron primary dendrites, whereas a non-phosphorylatable Sp4 mutant behaved like wild type. These data reveal that transcription factor Sp4 is regulated by NMDA receptor-dependent activation of a protein phosphatase 1/2A signaling pathway. Our findings also suggest that the regulated control of Sp4 activity is an important mechanism governing the developmental patterning of dendrites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Saia
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; the Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
The proper formation and morphogenesis of dendrites is fundamental to the establishment of neural circuits in the brain. Following cell cycle exit and migration, neurons undergo organized stages of dendrite morphogenesis, which include dendritic arbor growth and elaboration followed by retraction and pruning. Although these developmental stages were characterized over a century ago, molecular regulators of dendrite morphogenesis have only recently been defined. In particular, studies in Drosophila and mammalian neurons have identified numerous cell-intrinsic drivers of dendrite morphogenesis that include transcriptional regulators, cytoskeletal and motor proteins, secretory and endocytic pathways, cell cycle-regulated ubiquitin ligases, and components of other signaling cascades. Here, we review cell-intrinsic drivers of dendrite patterning and discuss how the characterization of such crucial regulators advances our understanding of normal brain development and pathogenesis of diverse cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Fusté M, Pinacho R, Meléndez-Pérez I, Villalmanzo N, Villalta-Gil V, Haro JM, Ramos B. Reduced expression of SP1 and SP4 transcription factors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in first-episode psychosis. J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47:1608-14. [PMID: 23941741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of transcription factor specificity protein 4 (SP4) and 1 (SP1) have been linked to different neuropsychiatric diseases. Reduced SP4 and SP1 protein levels in the prefrontal cortex have been associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, respectively, suggesting that both factors could be involved in the pathogenesis of disorders with psychotic features. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the reduction of SP1, SP4 and SP3 protein and mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the early stages of psychosis may act as a potential biomarker of these disorders. A cross-sectional study of first-episode psychosis patients (n = 14) compared to gender- and age-matched healthy controls (n = 14) was designed. Patients were recruited through the adult mental health services of Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu. Protein and gene expression levels of SP1, SP4 and SP3 were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with first-episode psychosis and healthy control subjects. We report that protein levels of SP1 and SP4, but not SP3, are significantly reduced in patients compared to controls. In contrast, we did not observe any differences in expression levels for SP1, SP4 or SP3 genes between patient and control groups. In patients, SP4 protein levels were significantly associated with SP1 protein levels. No association was found, however, between protein and gene expression levels for each factor. Our study shows reduced SP1 and SP4 protein levels in first-episode psychosis in lymphocytes, suggesting that these transcription factors are potential peripheral biomarkers of psychotic spectrum disorders in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Fusté
- Unitat de recerca, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Pinacho R, Villalmanzo N, Roca M, Iniesta R, Monje A, Haro JM, Meana JJ, Ferrer I, Gill G, Ramos B. Analysis of Sp transcription factors in the postmortem brain of chronic schizophrenia: a pilot study of relationship to negative symptoms. J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47:926-34. [PMID: 23540600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Negative symptoms are the most resilient manifestations in schizophrenia. An imbalance in dopamine and glutamate pathways has been proposed for the emergence of these symptoms. SP1, SP3 and SP4 transcription factors regulate genes in these pathways, suggesting a possible involvement in negative symptoms. In this study, we characterized Sp factors in the brains of subjects with schizophrenia and explored a possible association with negative symptoms. We also included analysis of NR1, NR2A and DRD2 as Sp target genes. Postmortem cerebellum and prefrontal cortex from an antemortem clinically well-characterized and controlled collection of elderly subjects with chronic schizophrenia (n = 16) and control individuals (n = 14) were examined. We used the Positive and Negative Syndrome and the Clinical Global Impression Schizophrenia scales, quantitative PCR and immunoblot. SP1 protein and mRNA were reduced in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia whereas none of Sp factors were altered in the cerebellum. However, we found that SP1, SP3 and SP4 protein levels inversely correlated with negative symptoms in the cerebellum. Furthermore, NR2A and DRD2 mRNA levels correlated with negative symptoms in the cerebellum. In the prefrontal cortex, SP1 mRNA and NR1 and DRD2 inversely correlated with these symptoms while Sp protein levels did not. This pilot study not only reinforces the involvement of SP1 in schizophrenia, but also suggests that reduced levels or function of SP1, SP4 and SP3 may participate in negative symptoms, in part through the regulation of NMDA receptor subunits and/or Dopamine D2 receptor, providing novel information about the complex negative symptoms in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pinacho
- Unitat de Recerca, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Tan M, Ma S, Huang Q, Hu K, Song B, Li M. GSK-3α/β-mediated phosphorylation of CRMP-2 regulates activity-dependent dendritic growth. J Neurochem 2013; 125:685-97. [PMID: 23470087 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal activity shapes the dendritic arbour; however, most of the molecular players in this process remain to be identified. We observed that depolarization-induced neuronal activity causes an increase in the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3)α/β on Ser21/9 in cerebellar granule neurons. Using several approaches, including gene knockdown and GSK-3α/β(S21A/S21A/S9A/S9A) double knockin mice, we demonstrated that both GSK-3β and GSK-3α mediate activity-dependent dendritic growth and that Ser21/9 phosphorylation of GSK-3α/β plays an important role in this process. Collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP-2), which is crucial for axon development, is phosphorylated at Thr514 and inactivated by GSK-3. We found CRMP-2 was located mainly in the dendrites of cerebellar granule neurons, in contrast to the axonal distribution in hippocampal neurons. Over-expression of CRMP-2 promoted and knockdown of CRMP-2 impaired dendritic growth, suggesting that CRMP-2 is necessary and sufficient for activity-dependent dendritic development. Furthermore, silencing CRMP-2 completely blocked the dendritic growth-promoting effects of GSK-3 knockdown, and expression of Thr514 nonphosphorylated form of CRMP-2 counteracted the inhibitory effect of constitutively active GSK-3. This data indicate that CRMP-2 functions downstream of GSK-3. Together, these findings identify a novel GSK-3/CRMP-2 pathway that connects neuronal activity to dendritic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and the Proteomics Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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TRPC5 channel is the mediator of neurotrophin-3 in regulating dendritic growth via CaMKIIα in rat hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci 2012; 32:9383-95. [PMID: 22764246 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.6363-11.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) plays numerous important roles in the CNS and the elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) is critical for these functions of NT-3. However, the mechanism by which NT-3 induces [Ca(2+)](i) elevation remains largely unknown. Here, we found that transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) 5 protein and TrkC, the NT-3 receptor, exhibited a similar temporal expression in rat hippocampus and cellular colocalization in hippocampal neurons. Stimulation of the neurons by NT-3 induced a nonselective cation conductance and PLCγ-dependent [Ca(2+)](i) elevation, which were both blocked when TRPC5, but not TRPC6 channels, were inhibited. Moreover, the Ca(2+) influx through TRPC5 induced by NT-3 inhibited the neuronal dendritic growth through activation of calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) IIα. In contrast, the Ca(2+) influx through TRPC6 induced by NT-4 promoted the dendritic growth. Thus, TRPC5 acts as a novel and specific mediator for NT-3 to regulate dendrite development through CaMKIIα.
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Li Z, Chadalapaka G, Ramesh A, Khoshbouei H, Maguire M, Safe S, Rhoades RE, Clark R, Jules G, McCallister M, Aschner M, Hood DB. PAH particles perturb prenatal processes and phenotypes: protection from deficits in object discrimination afforded by dampening of brain oxidoreductase following in utero exposure to inhaled benzo(a)pyrene. Toxicol Sci 2012; 125:233-47. [PMID: 21987461 PMCID: PMC3243744 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The wild-type (WT) Cpr(lox/lox) (cytochrome P(450) oxidoreductase, Cpr) mouse is an ideal model to assess the contribution of P(450) enzymes to the metabolic activation and disposition of environmental xenobiotics. In the present study, we examined the effect of in utero exposure to benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] aerosol on Sp4 and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-dependent systems as well as a resulting behavioral phenotype (object discrimination) in Cpr offspring. Results from in utero exposure of WT Cpr(lox/lox) mice were compared with in utero exposed brain-Cpr-null offspring mice. Null mice were used as they do not express brain cytochrome P(450)1B1-associated NADPH oxidoreductase (CYP1B1-associated NADPH oxidoreductase), thus reducing their capacity to produce neural B(a)P metabolites. Subsequent to in utero (E14-E17) exposure to B(a)P (100 μg/m(3)), Cpr(lox/lox) offspring exhibited: (1) elevated B(a)P metabolite and F(2)-isoprostane neocortical tissue burdens, (2) elevated concentrations of cortical glutamate, (3) premature developmental expression of Sp4, (4) decreased subunit ratios of NR2B:NR2A, and (5) deficits in a novelty discrimination phenotype monitored to in utero exposed brain-Cpr-null offspring. Collectively, these findings suggest that in situ generation of metabolites by CYP1B1-associated NADPH oxidoreductase promotes negative effects on NMDA-mediated signaling processes during the period when synapses are first forming as well as effects on a subsequent behavioral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Li
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Gayathri Chadalapaka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas 77030-3303
| | | | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Mark Maguire
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas 77030-3303
| | - Raina E. Rhoades
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Ryan Clark
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - George Jules
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | | | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Pharmacology, Center in Molecular Toxicology and Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37212
| | - Darryl B. Hood
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
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de la Torre-Ubieta L, Bonni A. Transcriptional regulation of neuronal polarity and morphogenesis in the mammalian brain. Neuron 2011; 72:22-40. [PMID: 21982366 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The highly specialized morphology of a neuron, typically consisting of a long axon and multiple branching dendrites, lies at the core of the principle of dynamic polarization, whereby information flows from dendrites toward the soma and to the axon. For more than a century, neuroscientists have been fascinated by how shape is important for neuronal function and how neurons acquire their characteristic morphology. During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of neuronal polarity and morphogenesis. In these studies, transcription factors have emerged as key players governing multiple aspects of neuronal morphogenesis from neuronal polarization and migration to axon growth and pathfinding to dendrite growth and branching to synaptogenesis. In this review, we will highlight the role of transcription factors in shaping neuronal morphology with emphasis on recent literature in mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis de la Torre-Ubieta
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Duchon A, Raveau M, Chevalier C, Nalesso V, Sharp AJ, Herault Y. Identification of the translocation breakpoints in the Ts65Dn and Ts1Cje mouse lines: relevance for modeling Down syndrome. Mamm Genome 2011; 22:674-84. [PMID: 21953411 PMCID: PMC3224224 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-011-9356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic disorder leading to intellectual disabilities and is caused by three copies of human chromosome 21. Mouse models are widely used to better understand the physiopathology in DS or to test new therapeutic approaches. The older and the most widely used mouse models are the trisomic Ts65Dn and the Ts1Cje mice. They display deficits similar to those observed in DS people, such as those in behavior and cognition or in neuronal abnormalities. The Ts65Dn model is currently used for further therapeutic assessment of candidate drugs. In both models, the trisomy was induced by reciprocal chromosomal translocations that were not further characterized. Using a comparative genomic approach, we have been able to locate precisely the translocation breakpoint in these two models and we took advantage of this finding to derive a new and more efficient Ts65Dn genotyping strategy. Furthermore, we found that the translocations introduce additional aneuploidy in both models, with a monosomy of seven genes in the most telomeric part of mouse chromosome 12 in the Ts1Cje and a trisomy of 60 centromeric genes on mouse chromosome 17 in the Ts65Dn. Finally, we report here the overexpression of the newly found aneuploid genes in the Ts65Dn heart and we discuss their potential impact on the validity of the DS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Duchon
- Institut de Génétique Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Translational Medicine and Neuroscience Program, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Pinacho R, Villalmanzo N, Lalonde J, Haro JM, Meana JJ, Gill G, Ramos B. The transcription factor SP4 is reduced in postmortem cerebellum of bipolar disorder subjects: control by depolarization and lithium. Bipolar Disord 2011; 13:474-85. [PMID: 22017217 PMCID: PMC3202296 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regulation of gene expression is important for the development and function of the nervous system. However, the transcriptional programs altered in psychiatric diseases are not completely characterized. Human gene association studies and analysis of mutant mice suggest that the transcription factor specificity protein 4 (SP4) may be implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases. We hypothesized that SP4 levels may be altered in the brain of bipolar disorder (BD) subjects and regulated by neuronal activity and drug treatment. METHODS We analyzed messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of SP4 and SP1 in the postmortem prefrontal cortex and cerebellum of BD subjects (n = 10) and controls (n = 10). We also examined regulation of SP4 mRNA and protein levels by neuronal activity and lithium in rat cerebellar granule neurons. RESULTS We report a reduction of SP4 and SP1 proteins, but not mRNA levels, in the cerebellum of BD subjects. SP4 protein and mRNA levels were also reduced in the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, we found in rat cerebellar granule neurons that under non-depolarizing conditions SP4, but not SP1, was polyubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome while lithium stabilized SP4 protein. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first evidence of altered SP4 protein in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex in BD subjects supporting a possible role of transcription factor SP4 in the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, our finding that SP4 stability is regulated by depolarization and lithium provides a pathway through which neuronal activity and lithium could control gene expression suggesting that normalization of SP4 levels could contribute to treatment of affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pinacho
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Villalmanzo
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jasmin Lalonde
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Javier Meana
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bizkaia,CIBERSAM, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Grace Gill
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Belén Ramos
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Chu C, Zavala K, Fahimi A, Lee J, Xue Q, Eilers H, Schumacher MA. Transcription factors Sp1 and Sp4 regulate TRPV1 gene expression in rat sensory neurons. Mol Pain 2011; 7:44. [PMID: 21645329 PMCID: PMC3121596 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-7-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The capsaicin receptor, transient receptor potential vanilloid type -1 (TRPV1) directs complex roles in signal transduction including the detection of noxious stimuli arising from cellular injury and inflammation. Under pathophysiologic conditions, TRPV1 mRNA and receptor protein expression are elevated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons for weeks to months and is associated with hyperalgesia. Building on our previous isolation of a promoter system for the rat TRPV1 gene, we investigated the proximal TRPV1 P2-promoter by first identifying candidate Sp1-like transcription factors bound in vivo to the P2-promoter using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. We then performed deletion analysis of GC-box binding sites, and quantified promoter activity under conditions of Sp1 / Sp4 over-expression versus inhibition/knockdown. mRNA encoding Sp1, Sp4 and TRPV1 were quantified by qRT-PCR under conditions of Sp1/Sp4 over-expression or siRNA mediated knockdown in cultured DRG neurons. Results Using ChIP analysis of DRG tissue, we demonstrated that Sp1 and Sp4 are bound to the candidate GC-box site region within the endogenous TRPV1 P2-promoter. Deletion of GC-box "a" or "a + b" within the P2- promoter resulted in a complete loss of transcriptional activity indicating that GC-box "a" was the critical site for promoter activation. Co-transfection of Sp1 increased P2-promoter activity in cultured DRG neurons whereas mithramycin-a, an inhibitor of Sp1-like function, dose dependently blocked NGF and Sp1-dependent promoter activity in PC12 cells. Co-transfection of siRNA directed against Sp1 or Sp4 decreased promoter activity in DRG neurons and NGF treated PC12 cells. Finally, electroporation of Sp1 or Sp4 cDNA into cultures of DRG neurons directed an increase in Sp1/Sp4 mRNA and importantly an increase in TRPV1 mRNA. Conversely, combined si-RNA directed knockdown of Sp1/Sp4 resulted in a decrease in TRPV1 mRNA. Conclusion Based on these studies, we now propose a model of TRPV1 expression that is dependent on Sp1-like transcription factors with Sp4 playing a predominant role in activating TRPV1 RNA transcription in DRG neurons. Given that increases of TRPV1 expression have been implicated in a wide range of pathophysiologic states including persistent painful conditions, blockade of Sp1-like transcription factors represents a novel direction in therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Chu
- University of California, San Francisco Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care 513 Parnassus Ave, Rm, S436, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0427, USA
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Park JS, Baek WY, Kim YH, Kim JE. In vivo expression of Osterix in mature granule cells of adult mouse olfactory bulb. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 407:842-7. [PMID: 21463606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.03.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Osterix (Osx) has been identified as an osteoblast-specific transcription factor that is required for skeletogenesis. Here, we examined the expression of Osx in non-skeletal tissues. Together with a high expression in bones, Osx was expressed in the mouse brain, and its expression gradually increased during postnatal developmental periods. Specific-expression of Osx was observed primarily in the olfactory bulb (OB), with little in the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum. Osx expression was examined in the OB of Osx heterozygous mice with a LacZ knock-in in the Osx locus, which resulted in strong X-gal staining in the OB. X-gal-positive cells were located in the mitral and granule cell layers of the adult mouse OB, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis with anti-Osx antibody. Osx expression overlapped extensively with NeuN, a marker of mature neuron, indicating that the Osx-positive cells were mature interneurons of the granule cell layer in the adult mouse OB. This is the first study to examine the in vivo expression of Osx in the mouse OB, and this finding may indicate a new function of Osx as a marker for mature neuroblasts in the OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Soo Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Medical Education Program for Human Resources, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
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Gu H, Li D, Sung CK, Yim H, Troke P, Benjamin T. DNA-binding and regulatory properties of the transcription factor and putative tumor suppressor p150(Sal2). BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2011; 1809:276-83. [PMID: 21362508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The product of the SALL2 protein p150(Sal2) is a multi-zinc finger transcription factor with growth arrest and proapoptotic functions that overlap those of p53. Its DNA-binding properties are unknown. We have used a modified SELEX procedure with purified p150(Sal2) and a pool of oligonucleotides of random sequence to identify those that are bound preferentially by p150(Sal2). The consensus sequence for optimal binding in vitro is GGG(T/C)GGG, placing p150(Sal2) among a large group of GC box-binding proteins including the Sp1 family of transcription factors. A triple zinc finger motif in p150(Sal2) similar to that in Sp1 is required for DNA binding. p150(Sal2) and Sp1 show evidence of co-operative binding in vitro and of interaction in vivo. p150(Sal2), a known activator of the CDK inhibitor p21(Cip1/Waf1) (p21), binds to regions of the human p21 promoter that contain variations of the consensus sequence in multiple copies. p150(Sal2) is also shown to bind to the BAX promoter with similar elements and to activate its expression following an apoptotic stimulus. These results demonstrate binding of p150(Sal2) to two natural promoters with GC elements related to the optimal binding sequence defined in vitro and whose regulation is important for suppression of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcang Gu
- Department of pathology NRB-939, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zhou X, Nie Z, Roberts A, Zhang D, Sebat J, Malhotra D, Kelsoe JR, Geyer MA. Reduced NMDAR1 expression in the Sp4 hypomorphic mouse may contribute to endophenotypes of human psychiatric disorders. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:3797-805. [PMID: 20634195 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduced expression of the Sp4 gene in Sp4 hypomorphic mice resulted in subtle vacuolization in the hippocampus as well as deficits in sensorimotor gating and contextual memory, putative endophenotypes for schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. In this study, we examined both spatial learning/memory and hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) of Sp4 hypomorphic mice. Impaired spatial learning/memory and markedly reduced LTP were found. To corroborate the functional studies, the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors was investigated with both western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. The reduced expression of the Sp4 gene decreased the level of the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors in Sp4 hypomorphic mice. In human, SP4 gene was found to be deleted sporadically in schizophrenia patients, corroborating evidence that polymorphisms of human SP4 gene are associated with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Impaired NMDA neurotransmission has been implicated in several human psychiatric disorders. As yet, it remains unclear how mutations of candidate susceptibility genes for these disorders may contribute to the disruption of NMDA neurotransmission. Sp4 hypomorphic mice could therefore serve as a genetic model to investigate impaired NMDA functions resulting from loss-of-function mutations of human SP4 gene in schizophrenia and/or other psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, aberrant expression of additional genes, besides NMDAR1, likely also contributes to the behavioral abnormalities in Sp4 hypomorphic mice. Thus, further investigation of the Sp4 pathway may provide novel insights in our understanding of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0603, USA.
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