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Yang Y, Huang J, Xie L, Wang Y, Guo S, Wang M, Shao X, Liu W, Wang Y, Li Q, Wu X, Zhang Z, Zeng F, Gong W. Nicotinamide protects against diabetic kidney disease through regulation of Sirt1. Endocrine 2024; 85:638-648. [PMID: 38446387 PMCID: PMC11291543 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of nicotinamide (Nam) on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in mice and explore its mechanism. METHODS Thirty DBA/2 J mice were randomly assigned to three groups. After 8 weeks of hyperglycemia induced by streptozocin (STZ), Nam and saline were administrated to STZ + Nam and STZ + NS mice, respectively, for 8 weeks. Non-diabetic mice (NDM) were used as control group. Twenty In2-/- Akita mice were randomly divided into two groups. After 8 weeks of hyperglycemia, Nam and saline were administered to Akita + Nam and Akita + NS mice, respectively, for 6 weeks. Wild-type littermates were used as control group. Markers of renal injury were analyzed, and the molecular mechanisms were explored in human proximal tubular HK2 cells. RESULTS Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) decreased in the STZ + Nam and Akita + Nam groups. Pathological analysis showed that Nam improved the structure of glomerular basement membrane, ameliorated glomerular sclerosis, and decreased the accumulation of extracellular matrix and collagen. Compared to the diabetic control group, renal fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress were reduced in the Nam-treated mice. The expression of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) in human proximal tubular HK2 cells was inhibited by high glucose and Nam treatment enhanced its expression. However, in HK2 cells with Sirt1 knockdown, the protective effect of Nam was abolished, indicating that the beneficial effect of Nam was partially dependent on Sirt1. CONCLUSIONS Nam has a renoprotective effect against renal injury caused by hyperglycemia and may be a potential target for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeping Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jinya Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Lijie Xie
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shizhe Guo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoqing Shao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qin Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhaoyun Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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2
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Mohammed ME, Abbas AM, Badi RM, Bashir SO, Osman OM, Morsy MD, Saeed AM. Effect of Acacia senegal on TGF-β1 and vascular mediators in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1548-1558. [PMID: 32574082 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1781901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), endothelin-1 and angiotensin II are responsible for extracellular matrix accumulation within the kidney in diabetic nephropathy. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of adding Gum Arabic (GA) and insulin on serum glucose, renal function, TGF-β1, endothelin-1, and angiotensin II in rats with diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into; normal, normal plus GA, diabetic rats (DM), DM plus insulin, DM plus GA, and DM plus insulin plus GA groups. Levels of glucose and creatinine in serum, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, and endothelin-1 in renal homogenate and HbA1c were measured. RESULTS Serum creatinine, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, and endothelin-1 were increased in diabetic rats. GA decreased serum glucose, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, endothelin-1, and HbA1c in diabetic rats. GA and insulin decreased serum glucose, creatinine, TGF-β1, angiotensin II, endothelin-1, and HbA1c in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION Co-administration of GA with insulin to rats with diabetic nephropathy improved the glycemic state, renal function, TGF-β1, endothelin-1, and angiotensin II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muataz E Mohammed
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
| | - Amr M Abbas
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab M Badi
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Salah Omer Bashir
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
| | - Osama M Osman
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
| | - Mohamed D Morsy
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Menoufia University, Al Minufya, Egypt
| | - Amal M Saeed
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan
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3
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Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation promotes kidney mesangial expansion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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The Role of Diacylglycerol Kinase in the Amelioration of Diabetic Nephropathy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206784. [PMID: 36296376 PMCID: PMC9607625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The drastic increase in the number of patients with diabetes and its complications is a global issue. Diabetic nephropathy, the leading cause of chronic kidney disease, significantly affects patients’ quality of life and medical expenses. Furthermore, there are limited drugs for treating diabetic nephropathy patients. Impaired lipid signaling, especially abnormal protein kinase C (PKC) activation by de novo-synthesized diacylglycerol (DG) under high blood glucose, is one of the causes of diabetic nephropathy. DG kinase (DGK) is an enzyme that phosphorylates DG and generates phosphatidic acid, i.e., DGK can inhibit PKC activation under diabetic conditions. Indeed, it has been proven that DGK activation ameliorates diabetic nephropathy. In this review, we summarize the involvement of PKC and DGK in diabetic nephropathy as therapeutic targets, and its mechanisms, by referring to our recent study.
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Avramovic D, Archaimbault SA, Kemble AM, Gruener S, Lazendic M, Westenskow PD. TGFβ1 Induces Senescence and Attenuated VEGF Production in Retinal Pericytes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061404. [PMID: 35740425 PMCID: PMC9219633 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular disease of the retina and a serious complication of type I and type II diabetes mellitus. DR affects working-age populations and can cause permanent vision loss if left untreated. The standard of care for proliferative DR is inhibiting VEGF. However, the mechanisms that induce excessive VEGF production in the retina remain elusive, although some evidence links elevated VEGF in the diabetic retina with local and systemic TGFβ1 upexpression. Here, we present evidence from animal models of disease suggesting that excessive TGFβ1 production in the early DR is correlated with VEGF mRNA and protein production by senescent pericytes and other retinal cells. Collectively, these results confirm that TGFβ1 is strongly implicated in the vascular complications of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Avramovic
- Ocular Technologies, Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (S.A.A.); (S.G.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (P.D.W.)
| | - Sébastien A. Archaimbault
- Ocular Technologies, Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (S.A.A.); (S.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Alicia M. Kemble
- Neuroscience and Rare Disease, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Sabine Gruener
- Ocular Technologies, Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (S.A.A.); (S.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Mirjana Lazendic
- Ocular Technologies, Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (S.A.A.); (S.G.); (M.L.)
| | - Peter D. Westenskow
- Ocular Technologies, Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology, Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (S.A.A.); (S.G.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (P.D.W.)
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6
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MicroRNA-10a/b inhibit TGF-β/Smad-induced renal fibrosis by targeting TGF-β receptor 1 in diabetic kidney disease. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:488-499. [PMID: 35505968 PMCID: PMC9046110 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β/Smad signaling plays a vital role in the development of fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, remedies targeting key elements in TGF-β/Smad signaling are lacking. Here, we found that TGF-β receptor 1 (TGFBR1), a key protein in TGF-β/Smad signaling, was upregulated in kidney from diabetic mice and patients with DKD. Induction of TGFBR1 was regulated by microRNA-10a and -10b (miR-10a/b) by a post-transcriptional mechanism. Furthermore, the decreased XRN2, an exoribonuclease, was identified to contribute to affecting miR-10a/b maturation in vitro. In streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DKD mice, preventing the reduction of miR-10a/b in the kidney by an in situ lentivirus-injection method attenuated collagen deposition and foot process effacement, whereas deprivation of miR-10a/b aggravated renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, manipulating miR-10a/b in the kidney influenced TGFBR1 protein expression, TGF-β/Smad signaling activation, and downstream pro-fibrotic genes expression including fibronectin (FN) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In a cohort of patients diagnosed DKD, renal miR-10a/b expressions were downregulated, whereas both TGFBR1 and fibrosis were enhanced. Our finding suggests that overexpressing miR-10a/b in kidney may be a promising method for the treatment of fibrosis in DKD.
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Behl T, Gupta A, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Garg M, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Aleya L, Bungau S. Exploring the multifaceted role of TGF-β signaling in diabetic complications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35643-35656. [PMID: 35247177 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most comprehensive metabolic disorders and is spread across the globe. The data from IDF Diabetes Atlas and National Diabetes Statistics mentions that the number of patients with diabetes is increasing at an exponential rate which is challenging the current therapeutics used for the management of diabetes. However, current therapies used for the treatment may provide symptomatic relief but lack in preventing the progression of the disease and thereby limiting the treatment of diabetes-associated complications. A thorough review and analysis were conducted using various databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar to extract the available information on challenges faced by current therapies which have triggered the development of novel molecules or drugs. From the analysis, it was analyzed that transforming growth factor βs (TGF-βs) have been shown to exhibit pleiotropic activity and are responsible for maintaining homeostasis and its overexpression is convoluted in the pathogenesis of various disorders. Therefore, developing drugs that block TGF-β signaling may provide therapeutic benefits. This extensive review concluded that drugs targeting TGF-β signaling pathway and its subsequent blockade have shown promising results and hold the potential to become drugs of choice in the management of diabetes and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Amit Gupta
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Madhukar Garg
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- Adjunct Professor, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, France
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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8
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Liu Y, Dai W, Ye S. The olive constituent oleuropein exerts nephritic protective effects on diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:455-462. [PMID: 31755322 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1691603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oleuropein, the most prevalent polyphenol in olives, exerts many positive impacts on human health, including counteracting cancer. However, the effect of oleuropein on diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression remains elusive. METHODS A total of three groups of mice were used in our study. Two groups of db/db mice fed with or without oleuropein. A group of wide-type mice fed with normal diet was used as normal control. After ten weeks of treatment, the body weight, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines levels, and kidney injury status were measured. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that oral administration of oleuropein reduced body weight, alleviated kidney injury, and decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory response in db/db mice. The oleuropein inhibited cell apoptosis via regulation of MAPK signalling pathways and its downstream targets Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSION Oleuropein may server as a favourable additional agent for the treatment of patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Province Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Wu Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Province Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Chen X, Sun L, Li D, Lai X, Wen S, Chen R, Zhang Z, Li Q, Sun S. Green tea peptides ameliorate diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:3258-3270. [PMID: 35234233 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03615g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most important cause of middle and late-stage chronic kidney disease. Green tea polypeptides are extracted from tea pomace, and exhibit various pharmacological effects. In this study, we analyzed the reno-protective effects of green tea peptides in diabetic db/db mice, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Peptide treatment for 5 weeks significantly reduced the blood glucose levels and other indices of diabetes, and alleviated renal injury measured in terms of blood creatinine, urea nitrogen and urinary albumin/urinary creatinine levels. Mechanistically, the green tea peptides downregulated p-Smad2/3, α-SMA, ZO-1 and vimentin proteins in the kidney tissues, and elevated Smad7. Thus, green tea peptides inhibited the deposition of ECM proteins by suppressing excessive activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway and reducing fibronectin levels. On the other hand, tea peptides ameliorated renal injury by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors (iNOS and TNF-α) by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of green tea peptides on the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells. Therefore, tea peptides can be considered as an effective candidate for alleviating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Lingli Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China. .,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Xingfei Lai
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shuai Wen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ruohong Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhenbiao Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiuhua Li
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shili Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation & Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Hajam YA, Rai S, Pandi-Perumal SR, Brown GM, Reiter RJ, Cardinali DP. Coadministration of Melatonin and Insulin Improves Diabetes-Induced Impairment of Rat Kidney Function. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 112:807-822. [PMID: 34673653 DOI: 10.1159/000520280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of melatonin and insulin coadministration in diabetes-induced renal injury in rats. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Diabetes was achieved by giving streptozotocin (15 mg/kg) for 6 consecutive days. The diabetic condition was confirmed by assessing the blood glucose level; animals having blood glucose levels above 250 mg were considered as diabetic. Following the confirmation, animals were randomly divided into different experimental groups, viz group I served as the control (CON), group II diabetic (D), group III D+melatonin (MEL), group IV D+insulin (INS), group V D+MEL+INS, group VI D+glibenclamide (GB), group VII CON+MEL, group VIII CON+INS, and group IX CON+GB. Following the completion of the experimental period, animals were sacrificed, blood was collected via a retro-orbital puncture, and kidneys were harvested. Diabetic rats exhibited a significant increment in blood glucose and biochemical indexes of renal injury (tubular disruption, swollen glomeruli with loss of glomerular spaces, and distortion of the endothelial lining) including augmented levels of serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, Na+, and K+, and inhibition/suppression of the activity of glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, GSH reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and GSH-S-transferase in the renal cortex. RESULTS By examining thiobarbiturate reactive substances, reduced GSH, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity in the renal cortex of control and diabetic rats, it was documented that treatment with melatonin or insulin alone or in combination showed a significant ad integrum recovery of GSH-dependent antioxidative enzymatic activities. Melatonin and insulin coadministration caused greater reductions in circulating tumor necrosis factor-α, tumor growth factor-β1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 levels in diabetic rats, whereas IL-10 levels increased, as compared to each treatment alone. Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in the expression of both MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor genes. Melatonin or insulin treatment alone or in combination resulted in significant restoration of the relative expression of both melatonin receptors in the renal cortex. CONCLUSION The coadministration of exogenous melatonin and insulin abolished many of the deleterious effects of type 1 diabetes on rat renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younis Ahmad Hajam
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidayalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, India
- Division Zoology, Department of Biosciences, Career Point University, Hamirpur, India
| | - Seema Rai
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidayalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, India
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Somnogen Canada Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Gregory M Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel P Cardinali
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mallik R, Chowdhury TA. Pharmacotherapy to delay the progression of diabetic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes: past, present and future. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2022; 13:20420188221081601. [PMID: 35281302 PMCID: PMC8905210 DOI: 10.1177/20420188221081601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with diabetes, and is one of the most important causes of end stage renal disease worldwide. In order to reduce progression of DKD, important management goals include treatment of hypertension, glycaemia and control of cardiovascular risk factors such as lipids, diet, smoking and exercise. Use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers has an established role in prevention of progression of DKD. A number of other agents such as endothelin-1 receptor antagonists and bardoxolone have had disappointing results. Recent studies have, however, suggested that newer antidiabetic agents such as sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues have specific beneficial effects in patients with DKD. Indeed most recent guidance suggest that SGLT-2i drugs should be used early in DKD, irrespective of glucose control. A number of pathways are hypothesised for the development and progression of DKD, and have opened up a number of newer potential therapeutic targets. This article aims to discuss management of DKD with respect to seminal trials from the past, more recent trials informing the present and potential new therapeutic options that may be available in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwika Mallik
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK
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12
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Yao X, Shen H, Cao F, He H, Li B, Zhang H, Zhang X, Li Z. Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Crosstalk Among Platelets, Immune Cells, and the Glomerulus That May Play an Important Role in the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:657918. [PMID: 34249963 PMCID: PMC8264258 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.657918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Glomerulus damage is one of the primary pathological changes in DN. To reveal the gene expression alteration in the glomerulus involved in DN development, we screened the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database up to December 2020. Eleven gene expression datasets about gene expression of the human DN glomerulus and its control were downloaded for further bioinformatics analysis. By using R language, all expression data were extracted and were further cross-platform normalized by Shambhala. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by Student's t-test coupled with false discovery rate (FDR) (P < 0.05) and fold change (FC) ≥1.5. DEGs were further analyzed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) to enrich the Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. We further constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs to identify the core genes. We used digital cytometry software CIBERSORTx to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in DN. A total of 578 genes were identified as DEGs in this study. Thirteen were identified as core genes, in which LYZ, LUM, and THBS2 were seldom linked with DN. Based on the result of GO, KEGG enrichment, and CIBERSORTx immune cells infiltration analysis, we hypothesize that positive feedback may form among the glomerulus, platelets, and immune cells. This vicious cycle may damage the glomerulus persistently even after the initial high glucose damage was removed. Studying the genes and pathway reported in this study may shed light on new knowledge of DN pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yao
- The Hebei Key Lab for Organ Fibrosis, The Hebei Key Lab for Chronic Disease, School of Public Health, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Modern Technology and Education Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Fukai Cao
- Department of Jitang College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Hailan He
- The Hebei Key Lab for Organ Fibrosis, The Hebei Key Lab for Chronic Disease, School of Public Health, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Boyu Li
- The Hebei Key Lab for Organ Fibrosis, The Hebei Key Lab for Chronic Disease, School of Public Health, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Haojun Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinduo Zhang
- The Hebei Key Lab for Organ Fibrosis, The Hebei Key Lab for Chronic Disease, School of Public Health, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhiguo Li
- The Hebei Key Lab for Organ Fibrosis, The Hebei Key Lab for Chronic Disease, School of Public Health, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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13
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Mo G, Zhang B, Jiang Q. Role of ARK5 in cancer and other diseases (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:697. [PMID: 33986861 PMCID: PMC8112134 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors are often exposed to hypoxic and glucose-starved microenvironments. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensor that is stimulated during energy-deficient conditions and protects cells from hypoxic injury by regulating metabolism. AMPK-related protein kinase 5 (ARK5) is a member of the catalytic sub-unit of the AMPK family and has an important role in energy regulation and hypoxia. ARK5 is regulated by Akt and liver kinase B1 and is associated with numerous tumor-related molecules to exert the negative effects of tumors. Studies have revealed ARK5 overexpression in cases of tumor invasion and metastasis and a positive association with the degree of cancer cell malignancy, which is regarded as a key element in determining cancer prognosis. Furthermore, ARK5 downregulation improves drug sensitivity through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway, indicating that it may be a potential therapeutic target. In other non-cancer conditions, ARK5 has various roles in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease), renal disorders (diabetic nephropathy and renal fibrosis) and physiological processes (striated muscle generation). In the present review, the upstream and downstream molecular pathways of ARK5 in cancer and other diseases are described and potential therapeutic strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoheng Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bohan Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qunguang Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Ni Z, Lin X, Wen Q, Kintoko, Zhang S, Huang J, Xu X, Huang R. WITHDRAWN: Effect of 2-dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2, 5-diene-1, 4-dione, isolated from Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae) roots, on advanced glycation end-product-mediated renal injury in type 2 diabetic KKAy mice. Toxicol Lett 2021; 339:88-96. [PMID: 33423876 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in [Toxicology Letters, 339C (2021) 88–96], https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.022. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Xing Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Qingwei Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Kintoko
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Jianchun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Renbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
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ALTamimi JZ, AlFaris NA, Al-Farga AM, Alshammari GM, BinMowyna MN, Yahya MA. Curcumin reverses diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats by inhibition of PKCβ/p 66Shc axis and activation of FOXO-3a. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 87:108515. [PMID: 33017608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated if the nephroprotective effect of Curcumin in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in rats involves downregulation/inhibition of p66Shc and examined the underlying mechanisms. Rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 12/group) as control, control + Curcumin (100 mg/kg), T1DM, and T1DM + Curcumin. Curcumin was administered orally to control or diabetic rats for 12 weeks daily. As compared to diabetic rats, Curcumin didn't affect either plasma glucose or insulin levels but significantly reduced serum levels of urea, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine, and concurrently reduced albumin/protein urea and increased creatinine clearance. It also prevented the damage in renal tubules and mitochondria, mesangial cell expansion, the thickness of the basement membrane. Mechanistically, Curcumin reduced mRNA and protein levels of collagen I/III and transforming growth factor- β-1 (TGF-β1), reduced inflammatory cytokines levels, improved markers of mitochondrial function, and suppressed the release of cytochrome-c and the activation of caspase-3. In the kidneys of both control and diabetic rats, Curcumin reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased mRNA levels of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and gamma-glutamyl ligase, increased glutathione (GSH) and protein levels of Bcl-2 and MnSOD, and increased the nuclear levels of nuclear factor2 (Nrf2) and FOXO-3a. Besides, Curcumin reduced the nuclear activity of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), downregulated protein kinase CβII (PKCβII), NADPH oxidase, and p66Shc, and decreased the activation of p66Shc. In conclusion, Curcumin prevents kidney damage in diabetic rats by activating Nrf2, inhibiting Nf-κB, suppressing NADPH oxidase, and downregulating/inhibiting PKCβII/p66Shc axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z ALTamimi
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A AlFaris
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ammar M Al-Farga
- Biochemistry Department, College of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed A Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Elhadad MA, Jonasson C, Huth C, Wilson R, Gieger C, Matias P, Grallert H, Graumann J, Gailus-Durner V, Rathmann W, von Toerne C, Hauck SM, Koenig W, Sinner MF, Oprea TI, Suhre K, Thorand B, Hveem K, Peters A, Waldenberger M. Deciphering the Plasma Proteome of Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2020; 69:2766-2778. [PMID: 32928870 PMCID: PMC7679779 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
With an estimated prevalence of 463 million affected, type 2 diabetes represents a major challenge to health care systems worldwide. Analyzing the plasma proteomes of individuals with type 2 diabetes may illuminate hitherto unknown functional mechanisms underlying disease pathology. We assessed the associations between type 2 diabetes and >1,000 plasma proteins in the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 cohort (n = 993, 110 cases), with subsequent replication in the third wave of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3) cohort (n = 940, 149 cases). We computed logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and hypertension. Additionally, we investigated associations with incident type 2 diabetes and performed two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to prioritize our results. Association analysis of prevalent type 2 diabetes revealed 24 replicated proteins, of which 8 are novel. Proteins showing association with incident type 2 diabetes were aminoacylase-1, growth hormone receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2. Aminoacylase-1 was associated with both prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes. MR analysis yielded nominally significant causal effects of type 2 diabetes on cathepsin Z and rennin, both known to have roles in the pathophysiological pathways of cardiovascular disease, and of sex hormone-binding globulin on type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, our high-throughput proteomics study replicated previously reported type 2 diabetes-protein associations and identified new candidate proteins possibly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Elhadad
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Jonasson
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Cornelia Huth
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rory Wilson
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pamela Matias
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- The German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christine von Toerne
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universitat München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Moritz F Sinner
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Tudor I Oprea
- Department of Internal Medicine and UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Information Sciences, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Yarahmadi A, Shahrokhi SZ, Mostafavi-Pour Z, Azarpira N. MicroRNAs in diabetic nephropathy: From molecular mechanisms to new therapeutic targets of treatment. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 189:114301. [PMID: 33203517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable investigation in diabetic nephropathy (DN) pathogenesis and possible treatments, current therapies still do not provide competent prevention from disease progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in most patients. Therefore, investigating exact molecular mechanisms and important mediators underlying DN may help design better therapeutic approaches for proper treatment. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation of many gene expression within the cells and present an excellent opportunity for new therapeutic approaches because their profile is often changed during many diseases, including DN. This review discusses the most important signaling pathways involved in DN and changes in miRNAs profile in each signaling pathway. We also suggest possible approaches for miRNA derived interventions for designing better treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Yarahmadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Shahrokhi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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18
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Singh H, Miyamoto S, Darshi M, Torralba MG, Kwon K, Sharma K, Pieper R. Gut Microbial Changes in Diabetic db/db Mice and Recovery of Microbial Diversity upon Pirfenidone Treatment. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091347. [PMID: 32899353 PMCID: PMC7564638 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The leptin receptor-deficient db/db mouse model is an accepted in vivo model to study obesity, type 2 diabetes, and diabetic kidney disease. Healthy gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota has been linked to weight loss, improved glycemic control, and physiological benefits. We investigated the effect of various drugs on the GI microbiota of db/db mice as compared to control db/m mice. Treatment with long-acting pirfenidone (PFD) increased gut microbial diversity in diabetic db/db mice. Firmicutes, the most abundant phylum in db/m mice, decreased significantly in abundance in db/db mice but showed increased abundance with long-acting PFD treatment. Several bacterial taxa, including Lactobacillus and some Bacteroides, were less abundant in db/db mice and more abundant in long-acting-PFD-treated db/db mice. Long-acting PFD treatment reduced the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (5%) as compared to db/db mice (~15%). We conclude that gut microbial dysbiosis observed in db/db mice was partially reversed by long-acting PFD treatment and hypothesize that PFD has beneficial effects, in part, via its influence on the gut microbial metabolite profile. In quantitatively assessing urine metabolites, we observed a high abundance of diabetic ketoacidosis biomarkers, including 3-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid in db/db mice, which were less abundant in the long-acting-PFD-treated db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harinder Singh
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9605 Medical Center Drive, Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (K.K.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-301-795-7684
| | - Satoshi Miyamoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX 77030, USA; (S.M.); (M.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Manjula Darshi
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX 77030, USA; (S.M.); (M.D.); (K.S.)
| | | | - Keehwan Kwon
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9605 Medical Center Drive, Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (K.K.); (R.P.)
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, TX 77030, USA; (S.M.); (M.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Rembert Pieper
- J. Craig Venter Institute, 9605 Medical Center Drive, Suite 150, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; (K.K.); (R.P.)
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Circular RNA HIPK3 exacerbates diabetic nephropathy and promotes proliferation by sponging miR-185. Gene 2020; 765:145065. [PMID: 32889056 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate expression levels of circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) in mice with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the role of circHIPK3 in rat mesangial cells (MCs). METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect expression levels of circHIPK3, miR-185, cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), collagen Ⅰ (Col. Ⅰ), and fibronectin (FN) in mice with DN and rat mesangial cells. Luciferase assay was performed to investigate the binding sites of circHIPK3 and miR-185. Silencing cells of circHIPK3 and miR-185 were constructed using cell transfection assay. RESULTS Our results revealed that the levels of 24-hour urinary albumin and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) from diabetic mice increased considerably. Up-regulation of circHIPK3 was observed in the renal tissues of mice with DN. Similarly, circHIPK3 expression in rat mesangial cells increased significantly in a microenvironment of high glucose. A loss-of-function experiment indicated that down-regulation of circHIPK3 inhibited cell proliferation and significantly decreased mRNA abundance of cyclin D1, PCNA, TGF-β1, Col. I, and FN in MCs. Luciferase assay demonstrated that circHIPK3 can specifically sponge miR-185, and silencing of miR-185 can reverse the effects of knocking down circHIPK3 on cell proliferation and mRNA abundance of cyclin D1, PCNA, TGF-β1, Col. I, and FN in MCs. CONCLUSION Overall, circHIPK3 exhibits a promotive function in DN by sponging miR-185 and this evidence suggests that circHIPK3 might be a biomarker or therapeutic target for DN.
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Wu JX, Jia A, Tan YF, Xu H, Tian JP, Wang Y, Li HL, Gao BM, Li YH. Effect of Alpina oxyphylla extract on streptozotocin-induced kidney injure via regulating TGF-β1 and MyD88. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:217. [PMID: 32660472 PMCID: PMC7359227 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal renal metabolism is closely related to the development of chronic kidney disease. It is well known that renal inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tubulointerstitial damage in the renal tubules. The purpose of the experiment was to observe the bioactivity of Alpina oxyphylla extract (AOE) on renal injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five group (n = 6): (1) intact control (non-diabetic, ND); (2) intact diabetic (STZ), (3) diabetic rats treated with gliclazide 5 mg/kg (STZ-gli), (4) diabetic rats treated with AOE 400 mg/kg (AOE 400), (5) diabetic rats treated with AOE 800 mg/kg (AOE 800). The diabetic nephropathy rat model was established by single intraperitoneal injected 50 mg/kg STZ. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight was observed at 1、3、6 weeks. After 6 weeks, the renal function parameters of five groups and 24 h urinary protein were detected. Expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) were assessed by Western Blot. RESULTS The STZ group showed hyperglycemia, proteinuria, renal function damage, and the levels of 24 h urinary protein, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the STZ group increased significantly compared with the ND group. The expression of TGF-β1 in STZ group was increase (p < 0.01), and the expression of MyD88 was significantly lower than in ND group (p < 0.05). The treatment of DN rats with AOE attenuated DN-associated in the serum biochemical index and the expression of TGF-β1. CONCLUSIONS AOE can effectively protect kidney tissues of diabetic nephropathy, and probably through regulating level of TGF-β1/MyD88.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
| | - An Jia
- College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 PR China
- Medical School, Huanghe Science & Technology College, Zhengzhou, 450063 PR China
| | - Yin-feng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
| | - Han Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
| | - Jian-ping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
| | - Hai Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
| | - Bing-miao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
| | - Yong-hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of R&D on Tropic Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199 PR China
- Medical School, Huanghe Science & Technology College, Zhengzhou, 450063 PR China
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Fawzy MS, Abu AlSel BT, Al Ageeli E, Al-Qahtani SA, Abdel-Daim MM, Toraih EA. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and microRNA-499a expression profiles in diabetic ESRD patients undergoing dialysis: a preliminary cross-sectional analysis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:172-182. [PMID: 30270667 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1499119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been implicated in health and disease. This study aimed to evaluate the serum expression profile of microRNA-499a (miR-499a) and its selected bioinformatically predicted partner long-ncRNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) in diabetes-related end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and to correlate the expressions with the patients' clinicolaboratory data.Subjects and methods: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied in diabetics with and without ESRD (n = 90 for each).Results: Serum MALAT1 expression levels were increased in the ESRD group relative to diabetics without ESRD with median (quartile) values of 10.5 (1.41-126.7) (p < .001). However, miR-499a levels were decreased in more than half of ESRD patients with a median of 0.96 (0.13-3.14). Both MALAT1 and miR-499a expression levels were inversely correlated in the ESRD patient-group.Conclusions: MALAT1 up-regulation and miR-499 down-regulation might be involved in diabetic nephropathy-related ESRD pathogenesis. Functional validation studies are warranted to confirm the MALAT1/miR-499a partnership.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Base Pairing
- Base Sequence
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics
- Diabetic Nephropathies/therapy
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/diagnosis
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/genetics
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy
- Male
- MicroRNAs/blood
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Middle Aged
- RNA, Long Noncoding/blood
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Renal Dialysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Baraah T Abu AlSel
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Awad Al-Qahtani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology (Genetics Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Center of Excellence of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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22
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Dendropanax morbifera Protects against Renal Fibrosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010084. [PMID: 31963869 PMCID: PMC7023400 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aquatic extract of Dendropanax morbifera (DP) is typically consumed as a beverage in Korea and China and is also used in various traditional medicines. However, the functional role of DP on diabetes-induced renal fibrosis is unclear. Here, the protective effects of DP extract against diabetes-induced renal fibrosis were evaluated. Streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally in rats to induce diabetes. After 5 days, DP extract (25 mg/kg/day) and metformin (50 mg/kg/day) were administered orally to diabetic rats for 28 days. DP administration protected both body and organ weight loss in STZ-treated diabetic rats. Significant improvements in serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and oxidative stress parameters were observed in diabetic rats by DP administration. DP extract markedly protected diabetic-induced histopathological damages in the kidney and pancreas. A significant reduction was observed in microalbumin, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), selenium binding protein-1 (SBP1), and pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme M2 (PKM2) levels in the urinary excretion of diabetic rats after the administration of DP extract. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis marker levels were significantly reduced in the kidney of diabetic rats. Our results strongly indicate that DP extract exhibits protective activity against diabetes-induced renal fibrosis through ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, we suggest that DP extract can be used as a preventive agent on the progression of diabetic nephropathy and renal fibrosis.
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23
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Xiong G, Tang W, Zhang D, He D, Wei G, Atala A, Liang XJ, Bleyer AJ, Bleyer ME, Yu J, Aloi JA, Ma JX, Furdui CM, Zhang Y. Impaired Regeneration Potential in Urinary Stem Cells Diagnosed from the Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy. Theranostics 2019; 9:4221-4232. [PMID: 31281543 PMCID: PMC6592174 DOI: 10.7150/thno.34050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells present in urine possess regenerative capacity to repair kidney injury. However, the unique characteristics of urinary stem cells (USC) from patients with diabetic nephropathy (d-USC) are unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate stemness properties in cell phenotype and regenerative potential of d-USC, compared to USC from healthy individuals. Methods: Thirty-six urine samples collected from patients (n=12, age range 60-75 years) with diabetic nephropathy (stages 3-4 stage chronic kidney disease [CKD]) were compared with 30 urine samples from healthy age-matched donors (n=10, age range 60-74 years). Results: There were approximately six times as many cells in urine samples from patients with diabetic nephropathy, including twice as many USC clones as healthy donors. However, approximately 70% of d-USC had weaker regenerative capacity as assessed by cell proliferation, less secretion of paracrine factors, weaker telomerase activity, and lower renal tubular epithelial differentiation potential compared to healthy controls. In addition, the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β and Cx43) and apoptotic markers (Caspase-3, and TUNEL) were significantly increased in d-USC compared to USC (p<0.01). Protein levels of autophagy marker (LC3-II) and mTOR signaling molecules (p-mTOR/mTOR, p-Raptor/Raptor and p-S6K1) were significantly lower in patient with diabetic nephropathy (p<0.01). Nevertheless, up to 30% of d-USC possessed similar regenerative capacity as USC from healthy donors. Conclusions: Regenerative performance of most d-USC was significantly lower than normal controls. Understanding the specific changes in d-USC regeneration capability will help elucidate the pathobiology of diabetic nephropathy and lead to prevent USC from diabetic insults, recover the stemness function and also identify novel biomarkers to predict progression of this chronic kidney disease.
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24
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Shi JS, Qiu DD, Le WB, Wang H, Li S, Lu YH, Jiang S. Identification of Transcription Regulatory Relationships in Diabetic Nephropathy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:2886-2890. [PMID: 30511699 PMCID: PMC6278184 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.246063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Song Shi
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Dan-Dan Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Wei-Bo Le
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Shen Li
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Yin-Hui Lu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
| | - Song Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, China
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25
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Li J, Qiu P, Wang S, Wu J, He Q, Li K, Xu L. β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid from Panax notoginseng plays a major role in the treatment of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108801. [PMID: 30928803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious and dangerous chronic complications of diabetes mellitus.Panax notoginseng has been widely used with great efficacy in the long-term treatment of kidney disease. However, the mechanism by which it exerts its effects has not been fully elucidated. AIM We sought to identify the major components ofPanax notoginseng that are effective in reducing the symptoms of DN in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Inhibition of cell proliferation and collagen secretion were used to screen the ten most highly concentrated components ofPanax notoginseng. The STZ-induced DN rat model on a high-fat-high-glucose diet was used to investigate the renal protective effect of Panax notoginseng and dencichine and their underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Among the ten components analysed, dencichine (β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid) was the most protective against DN. Dencichine andPanax notoginseng attenuated glucose and lipid metabolic disorders in STZ-induced DN rats on a high-fat-high-glucose diet. In the untreated DN rats, we observed albuminuria, renal failure, and pathological changes. However, treatment with dencichine and Panax notoginseng alleviated these symptoms. We also observed that dencichine suppressed the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3, which mediates mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in the glomerulus, and enhanced the expression of Smad7, the endogenous inhibitor of the TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway. CONCLUSION From these results, we concluded that dencichine is the main compound inPanax notoginseng that is responsible for alleviating renal injury in the experimental DN model. Its mechanism may be related to the reduction of the deposition of ECM in glomeruli and inhibition of the epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) by inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengcheng Qiu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China; School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
| | - Junsheng Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Qiaoyan He
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaifeng Li
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
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26
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Oelsner EC, Balte PP, Grams ME, Cassano PA, Jacobs DR, Barr RG, Burkart KM, Kalhan R, Kronmal R, Loehr LR, O’Connor GT, Schwartz JE, Shlipak M, Tracy RP, Tsai MY, White W, Yende S. Albuminuria, Lung Function Decline, and Risk of Incident Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. The NHLBI Pooled Cohorts Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:321-332. [PMID: 30261735 PMCID: PMC6363973 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201803-0402oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic lower respiratory diseases (CLRDs), including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, are the fourth leading cause of death. Prior studies suggest that albuminuria, a biomarker of endothelial injury, is increased in patients with COPD. OBJECTIVES To test whether albuminuria was associated with lung function decline and incident CLRDs. METHODS Six U.S. population-based cohorts were harmonized and pooled. Participants with prevalent clinical lung disease were excluded. Albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio) was measured in spot samples. Lung function was assessed by spirometry. Incident CLRD-related hospitalizations and deaths were classified via adjudication and/or administrative criteria. Mixed and proportional hazards models were used to test individual-level associations adjusted for age, height, weight, sex, race/ethnicity, education, birth year, cohort, smoking status, pack-years of smoking, renal function, hypertension, diabetes, and medications. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among 10,961 participants with preserved lung function, mean age at albuminuria measurement was 60 years, 51% were never-smokers, median albuminuria was 5.6 mg/g, and mean FEV1 decline was 31.5 ml/yr. For each SD increase in log-transformed albuminuria, there was 2.81% greater FEV1 decline (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86-4.76%; P = 0.0047), 11.02% greater FEV1/FVC decline (95% CI, 4.43-17.62%; P = 0.0011), and 15% increased hazard of incident spirometry-defined moderate-to-severe COPD (95% CI, 2-31%, P = 0.0021). Each SD log-transformed albuminuria increased hazards of incident COPD-related hospitalization/mortality by 26% (95% CI, 18-34%, P < 0.0001) among 14,213 participants followed for events. Asthma events were not significantly associated. Associations persisted in participants without current smoking, diabetes, hypertension, or cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Albuminuria was associated with greater lung function decline, incident spirometry-defined COPD, and incident COPD-related events in a U.S. population-based sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Pallavi P. Balte
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Morgan E. Grams
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Patricia A. Cassano
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Cornell, New York
| | | | - R. Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Kristin M. Burkart
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard Kronmal
- Department of Statistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Laura R. Loehr
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Joseph E. Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Michael Shlipak
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Laboratory for Clinical Biochemistry Research, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Michael Y. Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Wendy White
- Jackson Heart Study, Undergraduate Training and Education Center, Tougaloo College, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Sachin Yende
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System and
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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27
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Sen Z, Weida W, Li Y, Zhaojun L, Nina X, Xiaoguang C. Nicousamide attenuates renal dysfunction and glomerular injury in remnant kidneys by inhibiting TGF-β1 internalisation and renin activity. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 845:74-84. [PMID: 30586551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nicousamide has been shown to exert renal protective effects against diabetic nephropathy and has moved to a phase II clinical trial in China for diabetic nephropathy indication. To expand its clinical indications, 5/6-nephrectomised rats were used to mimic glomerular and vascular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial scarring, with subsequent progression towards end-stage renal disease. Adult Wistar rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy to induce the development of chronic kidney disease, with a sham operation performed as a control. The nephrectomised animals were treated orally with either saline, nicousamide (7.5,15, or 45 mg/kg), benazepril (4 mg/kg), or losartan (10 mg/kg) daily for 20 weeks. At 8, 16, and 20 weeks of treatment, blood pressure was measured in each animal, and blood and urine samples were collected for biochemical analysis, while kidney remnants were collected for histological examination. Levels of fibronectin and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) were measured in kidneys by immunohistochemistry. Renin activity in the plasma was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that nicousamide treatment significantly reduced systemic hypertension, proteinuria, and blood urea nitrogen (P < 0.05), effectively alleviated glomerular sclerosis scores and tubulointerstitial injuries in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01), and markedly decreased fibronectin and TGF-β1 levels in kidney tissues of the 5/6-nephrectomised animals. In vitro studies suggested that nicousamide could moderately inhibit the renin activity and strongly block the TGF-β1 internalisation into fibroblast cells. In summary, nicousamide may protect from renal failure through dual targeting, which involves a TGF-β1-dependent mechanism and inhibition of renin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Sen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Wang Weida
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Li Zhaojun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xue Nina
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Chen Xiaoguang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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28
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Xiao Q, Guan Y, Li C, Liu L, Zhao D, Wang H. Decreased expression of transforming growth factor-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin contributes to the protection of lotensin against chronic renal failure in rats. Ren Fail 2018; 40:583-589. [PMID: 30371125 PMCID: PMC6211277 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2018.1496934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lotensin has been shown to have a protective function in the early stage of chronic renal failure. However, its role in the intermediate and late stages of chronic renal failure remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of lotensin in advanced chronic kidney disease. Methods: Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): sham group, 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) group, and lotensin group (oral administration of lotensin for 9 weeks following 5/6 Nx). Rats were sacrificed and pathological parameters were measured. Western blot assay and immunohistochemical staining were performed to detect the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in kidney tissues. Results: Compared to the 5/6 Nx group, lotensin administration significantly decreased 5/6 Nx-induced elevation in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and 24-h urinary protein excretion (UPE) rates, but markedly increased red blood cell count, plasma albumin and hemoglobin levels, along with improved renal morphology. Mechanistically, lotensin dramatically downregulated the renal expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA induced by 5/6 Nx. Conclusions: Lotensin protects against advanced chronic kidney disease in rats with 5/6 Nx through the downregulation of TGF-β1 and α-SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Xiao
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Yinghui Guan
- b Department of Respiration , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Chenhao Li
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Li Liu
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Dan Zhao
- c Central Laboratory , Third Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- a Department of Nephrology , The First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun , China
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29
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Quintans JSS, Shanmugam S, Heimfarth L, Araújo AAS, Almeida JRGDS, Picot L, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Monoterpenes modulating cytokines - A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:233-257. [PMID: 30389585 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory response can be driven by cytokine production and is a pivotal target in the management of inflammatory diseases. Monoterpenes have shown that promising profile as agents which reduce the inflammatory process and also modulate the key chemical mediators of inflammation, such as pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The main interest focused on monoterpenes were to develop the analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on monoterpenes that produce anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the release of cytokines, as well as suggesting that which monoterpenoid molecules may be most effective in the treatment of inflammatory disease. Several different inflammatory markers were evaluated as a target of monoterpenes. The proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were found TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 IL-13, IL-17A, IFNγ, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ. Our review found evidence that NF-κB and MAPK signaling are important pathways for the anti-inflammatory action of monoterpenes. We found 24 monoterpenes that modulate the production of cytokines, which appears to be the major pharmacological mechanism these compounds possess in relation to the attenuation of inflammatory response. Despite the compelling evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effect of monoterpenes, further studies are necessary to fully explore their potential as anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jullyana S S Quintans
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Jackson R G da S Almeida
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Laurent Picot
- UMRi CNRS 7266 LIENSs, University of La Rochelle, 17042, La Rochelle, France
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
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30
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LncRNA-NR_033515 promotes proliferation, fibrogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by targeting miR-743b-5p in diabetic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:543-552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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31
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Weng HB, Han WK, Xiong YW, Jin ZH, Lan Z, Liu C, Zhang XM, Peng W. Taxus chinensis ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through down-regulating TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:90-96. [PMID: 29455733 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Renal fibrosis is closely related to the deterioration of renal function. The present study aimed to investigate protective effect of Taxus chinensis on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced DN in rats and explore the underlying mechanism of action. The rat DN model was established via feeding high fat diet for 4 weeks and subsequently injecting streptozotocin (30 mg·kg-1 body weight) intraperitoneally. The rats with blood glucose levels higher than 16.8 mmol·L-1 were selected for experiments. The DN rats were treated with Taxus chinensis orally (0.32, 0.64, and 1.28 g·kg-1) once a day for 8 weeks. Taxus chinensis significantly improved the renal damage, which was indicated by the decreases in 24-h urinary albumin excretion rate, blood serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen. Histopathological examination confirmed the protective effect of Taxus chinensis. The thickness of glomerular basement membrane was reduced, and proliferation of mesangial cells and podocytes cells and increase in mesangial matrix were attenuated. Further experiments showed that Taxus chinensis treatment down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA, inhibited phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3. These results demonstrated that Taxus chinensis alleviated renal injuries in DN rats, which may be associated with suppressing TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Weng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wen-Ke Han
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | | | | | - Zhen Lan
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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32
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李 仕, 王 洁, 黄 鹏, 古 贤, 黄 美, 黄 非. [Correlation between TGF-B gene promoter-509C/T polymorphism and IgA nephropathy in core families in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the therapeutic effect of dendrobium]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:986-991. [PMID: 30187875 PMCID: PMC6744046 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.08.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between transformation growth factor (TGF- B) polymorphisms and IgA nephropathy and the therapeutic effect of dendrobium on IgA nephropathy. METHODS Polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR- RFLP) and direct sequencing were used for analysis of 118 patients with IgA nephropathy from core families in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The imbalanced transfer of TGF iso1-509 C/T in the affected offsprings was observed by transfer imbalance test and HRR analysis. The TGF-B genotype of the patients and the core family members were detected. The therapeutic effects of Dendrobium candidum combined with hormone and ACEI/ARB treatments were evaluated by observing the patient's urine protein (24 hUpr), serum albumin (ALB), creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. RESULTS In the 118 patients with IgA nephropathy, we identified TGF-B 1 promoter -509C/T genotype CC in 32 (27.1%) cases, CT in 58 (49.2%) cases, and TT in 28 (23.7%) cases. In the core family of the patients, CC genotype was found in 33 (28.0%) cases, CT in 55 (46.6%) cases, and TT in 30 (28.0%) cases. The treatments significantly lowered 24 hUpr, Scr, and BUN levels (P > 0.05) in patients with CC genotype, significantly lowered 24 hUpr and BUN levels in patients with CT genotype (P < 0.05), and significantly lowered 24 hUpr and BUN level and increased (P < 0.05) ALB level (P < 0.01) in patients with TT genotype. CONCLUSIONS There is no significant correlation between TGF-B promoter - 509C/T polymorphism and IgA nephropathy. The patients with CC genotype are sensitive to the treatments with hormone and ACEI/ ARB and show a stronger response to combined treatments with dendrobium.
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Affiliation(s)
- 仕良 李
- />右江民族医学院附属医院肾内科,广西 百色 533000Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Right River Ethnic Medical College, Baise 533000, China
| | - 洁 王
- />右江民族医学院附属医院肾内科,广西 百色 533000Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Right River Ethnic Medical College, Baise 533000, China
| | - 鹏 黄
- />右江民族医学院附属医院肾内科,广西 百色 533000Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Right River Ethnic Medical College, Baise 533000, China
| | - 贤君 古
- />右江民族医学院附属医院肾内科,广西 百色 533000Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Right River Ethnic Medical College, Baise 533000, China
| | - 美英 黄
- />右江民族医学院附属医院肾内科,广西 百色 533000Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Right River Ethnic Medical College, Baise 533000, China
| | - 非凡 黄
- />右江民族医学院附属医院肾内科,广西 百色 533000Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Right River Ethnic Medical College, Baise 533000, China
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Novel Interplay Between Smad1 and Smad3 Phosphorylation via AGE Regulates the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10548. [PMID: 30002389 PMCID: PMC6043613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28439-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major cause of end-stage renal failure and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared with other causes of renal diseases. We previously found that Smad1 plays a critical role in the development of DN both in vitro and in vivo. However, functional interaction between Smad1 and Smad3 signaling in DN is unclear. Here, we addressed the molecular interplay between Smad1 and Smad3 signaling under a diabetic condition by using Smad3-knockout diabetic mice. Extracellular matrix (ECM) protein overexpression and Smad1 activation were observed in the glomeruli of db/db mice but were suppressed in the glomeruli of Smad3+/-; db/db mice. Smad3 activation enhanced the phosphorylation of Smad1 C-terminal domain but decreased the phosphorylation of linker domain, thus regulating Smad1 activation in advanced glycation end product-treated mesangial cells (MCs). However, forced phosphorylation of the Smad1 linker domain did not affect Smad3 activation in MCs. Phosphorylation of the Smad1 linker domain increased in Smad3+/-; db/db mice and probucol-treated db/db mice, which was consistent with the attenuation of ECM overproduction. These results indicate that Smad3 expression and activation or probucol treatment alters Smad1 phosphorylation, thus suggesting new molecular mechanisms underlying DN development and progression.
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Knight B, Yuan J, Koegler S, Pande P, Hall J, Hill JD, Hart SE, Phillips JA, Ku WW. Pathogenesis of Renal Injury and Gene Expression Changes in the Male CD-1 Mouse Associated with Exposure to Empagliflozin. Toxicol Pathol 2018; 46:671-682. [PMID: 29945496 DOI: 10.1177/0192623318784514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An increased incidence of renal tubular adenomas and carcinomas was identified in the 2-year CD-1 mouse carcinogenicity study with empagliflozin (sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor) in high dose (1,000 mg/kg/day) male mice. A 13-week mouse renal investigative pathogenesis study was conducted with empagliflozin to evaluate dose dependency and temporal onset of nonneoplastic degenerative/regenerative renal tubular and molecular (genes, pathways) changes which precede neoplasia. Male and female CD-1 mice were given daily oral doses of 0, 100, 300, or 1,000 mg/kg/day (corresponding carcinogenicity study dose levels) for 1, 2, 4, 8, or 13 weeks. The maximum expected pharmacology with secondary osmotic diuresis was observed by week 1 at ≥100 mg/kg/day in both genders. Histopathologic kidney changes were first detected after 4 weeks of dosing in the male 1,000 mg/kg/day dose group, with progressive increases in the incidence and/or number of findings in this dose group so that they were more readily detected during weeks 8 and 13. Changes detected starting on week 4 consisted of minimal single-cell necrosis and minimal increases in mitotic figures. These changes persisted at an increased incidence at weeks 8 and 13 and were accompanied by minimal to mild tubular epithelial karyomegaly, minimal proximal convoluted tubular epithelial cell hyperplasia, and a corresponding increase in Ki-67-positive nuclei in epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules. There were no corresponding changes in serum chemistry or urinalysis parameters indicative of any physiologically meaningful effect on renal function and thus these findings were not considered to be adverse. Similar changes were not identified in lower-dose groups in males nor were they present in females of any dose group. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed male mouse-specific changes in kidney over 13 weeks of dosing at 1,000 mg/kg/day. Treatment-related changes included genes and pathways related to p53-regulated cell cycle and proliferation, transforming growth factor β, oxidative stress, and renal injury and the number of genes with significant expression change dramatically increased at week 13. These treatment-related changes in genes and pathways were predominant in high-dose males and complemented the observed temporal renal tubular changes. Overall, these mouse investigative study results support the role of early empagliflozin-related degenerative/regenerative changes only observed in high-dose male CD-1 mice as a key contributing feature to a nongenotoxic mode of renal tumor pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Knight
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Jing Yuan
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA.,2 Amgen, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sally Koegler
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA.,3 Portland Gastroenterology Center, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Parimal Pande
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Jennifer Hall
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Jon D Hill
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Susan Emeigh Hart
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Jonathan A Phillips
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA.,4 Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Warren W Ku
- 1 Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
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Hayashi D, Ueda S, Yamanoue M, Ashida H, Shirai Y. Amelioration of diabetic nephropathy by oral administration of d-α-tocopherol and its mechanisms. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:65-73. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1411184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a diabetic vascular complication, and abnormal protein kinase C (PKC) activation from increased diacylglycerol (DG) production in diabetic hyperglycemia is one of the causes of DN. Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) converts DG into phosphatidic acid. In other words, DGK can attenuate PKC activity by reducing the amount of DG. Recently, we reported that intraperitoneally administered d-α-tocopherol (vitamin E, αToc) induces an amelioration of DN in vivo through the activation of DGKα and the prevention of podocyte loss. However, the effect of the oral administration of αToc on DN in mice remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the effect of oral administration of αToc on DN and its molecular mechanism using streptozocin-induced diabetic mice. Consequently, the oral administration of αToc significantly ameliorated the symptoms of DN by preventing the loss of podocytes, and it was revealed that the inhibition of PKC activity was involved in this amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shuji Ueda
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Minoru Yamanoue
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry in Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Diabetes Aggravates Post-ischaemic Renal Fibrosis through Persistent Activation of TGF-β 1 and Shh Signalling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16782. [PMID: 29196746 PMCID: PMC5711892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diabetic patients are easy to progress to CKD after AKI. Currently, activation of fibrotic signalling including transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is recognized as a key mechanism in CKD. Here, we investigated the influence of diabetes on CKD progression after AKI by using a unilateral renal ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) model in diabetic mice. IRI induced extensive tubular injury, fibrosis and lymphocyte recruitment at 3 weeks after IRI, irrespective of diabetes. However, diabetes showed sustained tubular injury and markedly increased fibrosis and lymphocyte recruitment compared with non-diabetes at 5 week after IRI. The mRNAs and proteins related to TGF-β1 and sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling were significantly higher in diabetic versus non-diabetic IRI kidneys. During the in vitro study, the hyperglycaemia induced the activation of TGF-β1 and Shh signalling and also increased profibrogenic phenotype change. However, hyperglycaemic control with insulin did not improve the progression of renal fibrosis and the activation of TGF-β1 and Shh signalling. In conclusion, diabetes promotes CKD progression of AKI via activation of the TGF-β1 and Shh signalling pathways, but insulin treatment was not enough for preventing the progression of renal fibrosis.
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Jie L, Pengcheng Q, Qiaoyan H, Linlin B, Meng Z, Fang W, Min J, Li Y, Ya Z, Qian Y, Siwang W. Dencichine ameliorates kidney injury in induced type II diabetic nephropathy via the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28633927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common complication associated with both type I and type II diabetes mellitus (DM), is a major cause of chronic nephropathy and a common cause of end-stage renal diseases (ESRD) throughout the world. This study is aimed to determine whether dencichine (De) can ameliorate renal damage in high-glucose-and-fat diet combined STZ (streptozocin) induced DN in type II DM rats and to investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. Markers of metabolism, diabetes, and renal function, and levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) collagen I (Col I), collagen IV (Col IV), fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LN), and of proteins in the TGF-β/Smad pathway were analysed through RT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. The results show that De significantly alleviates metabolism disorder, improved renal function, relieved pathological alterations in the glomerulus of DN rats, decreased ECM deposition and increased the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, De negatively regulated TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway and increased the expression of Smad7, an endogenic inhibitory Smad located downstream of the signalling pathway. In conclusion, we provide experimental evidence indicating that the renoprotective effect of De could significantly prevent the progression of DN possibly attribute to down-regulation of the TGF-β/Smad pathway and rebalance the deposition and degradation of ECM proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jie
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Qiu Pengcheng
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - He Qiaoyan
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Bi Linlin
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Zhang Meng
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Wang Fang
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Min
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, 710021 Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Zhang Ya
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Qian
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China
| | - Wang Siwang
- Department of Natural Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032 Xi'an, China.
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Ordered titanium templates functionalized by gold films for biosensing applications – Towards non-enzymatic glucose detection. Talanta 2017; 166:207-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wang HY, Zhang C, Xiao QF, Dou HC, Chen Y, Gu CM, Cui MJ. Hepatocyte growth factor inhibits tubular epithelial‑myofibroblast transdifferentiation by suppression of angiotensin II via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2737-2743. [PMID: 28447719 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubular epithelial‑myofibroblast transdifferentiation (TEMT) is important in the development of chronic renal failure. The present study investigated whether hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) inhibits TEMT, and whether this function may be associated with the inhibition of angiotensin II (AngII) and the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway. Human HK‑2 kidney proximal tubular cells were divided into 4 groups and treated with AngII (1x10‑6 M), HGF (8x10‑3 M), AngII plus HGF or control conditions, followed by an assessment of apoptosis induction and the expression levels of α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA), which is a marker of TEMT. as well as the activation level of JAK2, phosphorylated (p)‑JAK2, STAT3 and p‑STAT3 signaling pathways. In HK‑2 cells, α‑SMA mRNA and protein expression levels increased following treatment with AngII, however, decreased expression was observed following exposure to HGF. HGF counteracted the AngII‑induced increase in the expression of α‑SMA in HK‑2 cells. Similar expression profiles were observed for the phosphorylated forms of JAK2 and STAT3, indicating the possible involvement of this signaling pathway. The results demonstrated that treatment of cells with AngII was associated with the induction of apoptosis when compared with the control. By contrast, treatment with HGF attenuated AngII‑induced apoptosis. The results suggested that HGF may inhibit TEMT by inhibiting AngII through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in HK‑2 cells and HGF may prevent apoptosis induced by AngII. The present study provides a basis for understanding the mechanisms involved in the inhibition of TEMT by HGF, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Fei Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Chuan Dou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Mei Gu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Ji Cui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China
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Huang H, Jiang Y, Mao G, Yuan F, Zheng H, Ruan Y, Wu T. Protective effects of allicin on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1359-1366. [PMID: 27363537 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in animal models have shown that allicin, a major biologically active component of garlic, can play a role in the prevention of tissue fibrosis in the liver, lung and heart, mainly related to the inhibition of fibroblast proliferation, fibrogenic cytokine secretion and extracellular matrix synthesis. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of allicin on renal damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. STZ-induced diabetic rats were administered allicin (15, 30 and 45 mg · kg-1 · day-1 ) via daily intra-gastric gavage for 12 weeks. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (sCr), lipid and 24 h urine albumin excretion (UAE) were measured at the end of weeks 4, 8 and 12. The renal histopathology and the expression levels of collagen I, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) were measured using immunohistochemistry and/or western blotting. RESULTS In 12 week STZ-induced diabetic rats, severe hyperglycemia and albuminuria were markedly developed. Treatment with allicin for 12 weeks ameliorated diabetes-induced morphological alterations of the kidney and decreased FBG, BUN, sCr, triglyceride (TG) and 24 h UAE in diabetic rats. The expression levels of collagen I, TGF-β1 and p-ERK1/2 were significantly decreased by allicin treatment. CONCLUSION These results suggested that allicin may play a protective role in diabetic nephropathy via the TGF-β1/ERK pathway in diabetic rats. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Hexin Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Tianfeng Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
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Feng SD, Yang JH, Yao CH, Yang SS, Zhu ZM, Wu D, Ling HY, Zhang L. Potential regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA in diabetes and its complications. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 95:361-367. [PMID: 28177764 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding potential. Although these molecules were initially considered as "junk products" of transcription without biological relevance, recent advances in research have shown that lncRNA plays an important role, not only in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism, but also in the pathological processes of cancers, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on the potential regulatory roles of lncRNA in diabetes and the complications associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Dong Feng
- a Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ji-Hua Yang
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Chao Hua Yao
- c Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Port Orange, Florida, USA
| | - Si-Si Yang
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ze-Mei Zhu
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Di Wu
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong-Yan Ling
- b Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- c Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, Port Orange, Florida, USA
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Xie X, Xia W, Fei X, Xu Q, Yang X, Qiu D, Wang M. Relaxin Inhibits High Glucose-Induced Matrix Accumulation in Human Mesangial Cells by Interfering with TGF-β1 Production and Mesangial Cells Phenotypic Transition. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 38:1464-9. [PMID: 26424011 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). DN is characterized by glomerular extracellular matrix accumulation, mesangial expansion, basement membrane thickening, and renal interstitial fibrosis. To date, mounting evidence has shown that H2 relaxin possesses powerful antifibrosis properties; however, the mechanisms of H2 relaxin on diabetic nephropathy remain unknown. Here, we aimed to explore whether H2 relaxin can reduce production of extracellular matrix (ECM) secreted by human mesangial cells (HMC). HMC were exposed to 5.5 mM glucose (NG) or 30 mM glucose (HG) with or without H2 relaxin. Fibronectin (FN) and collagen type IV levels in the culture supernatants were examined by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot was used to detect the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method was employed to analyze transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 mRNA expression. Compared with the normal glucose group, the levels of fibronectin and collagen type were markedly increased after being cultured in high glucose medium. Compared with the high glucose group, remarkable decreases of fibronectin, collagen type IV, α-smooth muscle actin, and TGF-β1 mRNA expression were observed in the H2 relaxin-treated group. The mechanism by which H2 relaxin reduced high glucose-induced overproduction of ECM may be associated with inhibition of TGF-β1 mRNA expression and mesangial cells' phenotypic transition. H2 relaxin is a potentially effective modality for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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Suppression of connective tissue growth factor mediates the renoprotective effect of Sitagliptin rather than Pioglitazone in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Life Sci 2016; 153:180-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Lin L, Cui F, Zhang J, Gao X, Zhou M, Xu N, Zhao H, Liu M, Zhang C, Jia L. Antioxidative and renoprotective effects of residue polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 146:388-95. [PMID: 27112888 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Three extractable polysaccharides including Ac-RPS, Al-RPS and En-RPS were extracted from the residue of Flammulina velutipes and their antioxidative and renoprotective effects on STZ-induced mice were investigated. Biochemical and antioxidant analysis showed that the En-RPS had potential effects in decreasing the serum levels of CRE, BUN, ALB and GLU significantly, increasing the renal activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px remarkably, and reducing the renal contents of MDA prominently. Furthermore, the histopathological observations also displayed that En-RPS could alleviate kidney damage. These results demonstrated that En-RPS extracted from the residue of F. velutipes possessed potent antioxidant activities, and could be used as a promising therapeutic agent for inhibiting the progression of diabetic nephropathy. In addition, the monosaccharide compositions of these three RPS were also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Cui
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Xia Gao
- Shandong Agricultural Technology Extending Station, Ji'nan, Shandong 250100, PR China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Quality and Safety Monitoring Center of Animal Products, Ji'nan, Shandong 250002, PR China
| | - Nuo Xu
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Huajie Zhao
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
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45
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Watanabe J, Takiyama Y, Honjyo J, Makino Y, Fujita Y, Tateno M, Haneda M. Role of IGFBP7 in Diabetic Nephropathy: TGF-β1 Induces IGFBP7 via Smad2/4 in Human Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150897. [PMID: 26974954 PMCID: PMC4790858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubular injury is one of the important determinants of progressive renal failure in diabetic nephropathy (DN), and TGF-β1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial disease that characterizes proteinuric renal disease. The aim of this study was to identify novel therapeutic target molecules that play a role in the tubule damage of DN. We used an LC-MS/MS-based proteomic technique and human renal proximal epithelial cells (HRPTECs). Urine samples from Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 46) were used to quantify the candidate protein. Several proteins in HRPTECs in cultured media were observed to be driven by TGF-β1, one of which was 33-kDa IGFBP7, which is a member of IGFBP family. TGF-β1 up-regulated the expressions of IGFBP7 mRNA and protein in a dose- and time-dependent fashion via Smad2 and 4, but not MAPK pathways in HRPTECs. In addition, the knockdown of IGFBP7 restored the TGF-β1-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the immunohistochemical analysis, IGFBP7 was localized to the cytoplasm of tubular cells but not that of glomerular cells in diabetic kidney. Urinary IGFBP7 levels were significantly higher in the patients with macroalbuminuria and were correlated with age (r = 0.308, p = 0.037), eGFR (r = −0.376, p = 0.01), urinary β2-microglobulin (r = 0.385, p = 0.008), and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) (r = 0.502, p = 0.000). A multivariate regression analysis identified urinary NAG and age as determinants associated with urinary IGFBP7 levels. In conclusion, our data suggest that TGF-β1 enhances IGFBP7 via Smad2/4 pathways, and that IGFBP7 might be involved in the TGF-β1-induced tubular injury in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Watanabe
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yumi Takiyama
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Jun Honjyo
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuichi Makino
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Fujita
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tateno
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masakazu Haneda
- Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
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46
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AL-Onazi AS, AL-Rasheed NM, Attia HA, AL-Rasheed NM, Ahmed RM, AL-Amin MA, Poizat C. Ruboxistaurin attenuates diabetic nephropathy via modulation of TGF-β1/Smad and GRAP pathways. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:219-32. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To investigate whether ruboxistaurin (a selective PKC-β inhibitor) mediates renoprotective effect via interference with TGF-β1/Smad-GRAP cross-signalling.
Method
Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). Then, the diabetic rats were treated with ruboxistaurin (10 mg/kg, p.o) for 6 weeks. Valsartan (15 mg/kg, p.o) was used as a positive control. After 6 weeks of treatment, diabetic nephropathy biomarkers were assessed. TGF-β1, Smad2, and Smad3 mRNA and protein levels were detected using qPCR and western blot analysis.
Key findings
Data showed that serum creatinine, kidney/body weight ratio and urinary albumin excretion significantly increased in diabetic rats. These changes were significantly attenuated by treatment with ruboxistaurin. A significant up-regulation of TGF-β1, Smad2 and Smad3 mRNA expression was observed in diabetic rats, which was alleviated by administration of ruboxistaurin. Furthermore, immunoblotting showed a significant improvement in protein levels of TGF-β1 (P < 0.01), Smad2/3 (P < 0.01) and p-Smad3 (P < 0.001) in diabetic rats treated with ruboxistaurin compared to untreated. Importantly, the reduction in GRAP protein expression in diabetic kidney was prevented by treatment with ruboxistaurin.
Conclusion
These data suggest that the renoprotective effect of ruboxistaurin is possibly due to down-regulation of TGF-β1/Smad pathway and normalization of GRAP protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma S AL-Onazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf M AL-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nawal M AL-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raeesa M Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A AL-Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Coralie Poizat
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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47
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Caporali A, Miscianinov V, Saif J, Emanueli C. MicroRNA transport in cardiovascular complication of diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:2111-2120. [PMID: 26806392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional inhibitory regulators of gene expression by binding to complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts. Extracellular miRNAs are transported by membrane-derived vesicles (exosomes and microparticles), lipoproteins, and other ribonucleoprotein complexes. Extracellular microRNAs are emerging as important mediators of intercellular communications, being involved in the transmission of biological signals between cells. Several miRNAs have been identified as having a primary impact on many biological processes that are of direct relevance to cardiovascular complications of diabetes. Whether the extracellular miRNAs are directly involved in the regulation of these processes is yet to be established. Here, we review recent progresses in extracellular miRNA biology and the role of extracellular miRNA in diabetes induced cardiovascular disease, describing the regulators affecting miRNA transport and the mechanisms for different miRNA transporters. In addition, we discuss the advancement of the research in this field and identify the associated challenges. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MicroRNAs and lipid/energy metabolism and related diseases edited by Carlos Fernández-Hernando and Yajaira Suárez.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caporali
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vladislav Miscianinov
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jaimy Saif
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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48
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New molecular insights in diabetic nephropathy. Int Urol Nephrol 2016; 48:373-87. [PMID: 26759327 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-015-1203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus represents one of the major causes of functional kidney impairment. The review highlights the most significant steps made over the last decades in understanding the molecular basis of diabetic nephropathy (DN), which may provide reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, along with new molecular targets for personalized medicine. There is an increased interest in developing new therapeutic strategies to slow DN progression for improving patients' quality of life and reducing all-cause morbidity and disease-associated mortality. It is highly important to have a science-based medical attitude when facing diabetic patients with associated comorbidities and risk of rapid evolution toward end-stage renal disease. The data discussed herein were mainly from MEDLINE and PubMed articles published in English from 1990 to 2015 and from up-to-date. The search term was "diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress".
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Wang Y, Shi LL, Wang LY, Xu JW, Feng Y. Protective Effects of MDG-1, a Polysaccharide from Ophiopogon japonicus on Diabetic Nephropathy in Diabetic KKAy Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:22473-84. [PMID: 26393572 PMCID: PMC4613319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160922473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophiopogon japonicus is a traditional Chinese medicine that might be effective for treating type 2 diabetes. Recent research confirmed that MDG-1, a polysaccharide from O. japonicas, activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and improves insulin sensitivity in a diabetic KKAy mouse model, but little is known about its effects on diabetic nephropathy. In this study, KKAy mice were orally administered distilled water (control group), MDG-1, or rosiglitazone for 12 weeks. Blood glucose levels were tested every two weeks for the fed mice. At 6 and 12 weeks, blood samples were collected for biochemical examination. At the end of the experiment, all kidney tissues were collected for histological examination and western blot analysis. Results show that MDG-1 (300 mg/kg) significantly decreased the levels of blood glucose, triglycerides, blood urine nitrogen and albumin, and significantly inhibited the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and connective tissue growth factor. Moreover, MDG-1 could alleviate glomerular mesangial expansion and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the diabetic mice, as confirmed by histopathological examination. These data indicated that MDG-1 ameliorates renal disease in diabetic mice by reducing hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia, and by inhibiting intracellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ling-Yi Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jin-Wen Xu
- Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yi Feng
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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50
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Burke M, Pabbidi MR, Farley J, Roman RJ. Molecular mechanisms of renal blood flow autoregulation. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2015; 12:845-58. [PMID: 24066938 PMCID: PMC4416696 DOI: 10.2174/15701611113116660149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and hypertension are the leading causes of chronic kidney disease and their incidence is increasing at
an alarming rate. Both are associated with impairments in the autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF) and greater transmission
of fluctuations in arterial pressure to the glomerular capillaries. The ability of the kidney to maintain relatively
constant blood flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and glomerular capillary pressure is mediated by the myogenic response
of afferent arterioles working in concert with tubuloglomerular feedback that adjusts the tone of the afferent arteriole
in response to changes in the delivery of sodium chloride to the macula densa. Despite intensive investigation, the factors
initiating the myogenic response and the signaling pathways involved in the myogenic response and tubuloglomerular
feedback remain uncertain. This review focuses on current thought regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying myogenic
control of renal vascular tone, the interrelationships between the myogenic response and tubuloglomerular feedback,
the evidence that alterations in autoregulation of RBF contributes to hypertension and diabetes-induced nephropathy and
the identification of vascular therapeutic targets for improved renoprotection in hypertensive and diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Richard J Roman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
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