1
|
Bai H, Zhang H, Wang C, Lambo MT, Li Y, Zhang Y. Effects of altering the ratio of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in rumen bypass fat on growth performance, lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, cecal microbiota, and inflammation in fattening bulls. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:94. [PMID: 38971799 PMCID: PMC11227724 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 may have different effects on animal growth and health due to unique metabolism in vivo. This study was investigated to explore the different effects of altering the ratio of C16:0 and cis-9 C18:1 in fat supplements on growth performance, lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, cecal microbiota, and inflammation in fattening bulls. Thirty finishing Angus bulls (626 ± 69 kg, 21 ± 0.5 months) were divided into 3 treatments according to the randomized block design: (1) control diet without additional fat (CON), (2) CON + 2.5% palmitic acid calcium salt (PA, 90% C16:0), and (3) CON + 2.5% mixed fatty acid calcium salt (MA, 60% C16:0 + 30% cis-9 C18:1). The experiment lasted for 104 d, after which all the bulls were slaughtered and sampled for analysis. RESULTS MA tended to reduce 0-52 d dry matter intake compared to PA (DMI, P = 0.052). Compared with CON and MA, PA significantly increased 0-52 d average daily gain (ADG, P = 0.027). PA tended to improve the 0-52 d feed conversion rate compared with CON (FCR, P = 0.088). Both PA and MA had no significant effect on 52-104 days of DMI, ADG and FCR (P > 0.05). PA tended to improve plasma triglycerides compared with MA (P = 0.077), significantly increased plasma cholesterol (P = 0.002) and tended to improve subcutaneous adipose weight (P = 0.066) when compared with CON and MA. Both PA and MA increased visceral adipose weight compared with CON (P = 0.021). Only PA increased the colonization of Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcus and Proteobacteria in the cecum, and MA increased Akkermansia abundance (P < 0.05). Compared with CON, both PA and MA down-regulated the mRNA expression of Claudin-1 in the jejunum (P < 0.001), increased plasma diamine oxidase (DAO, P < 0.001) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, P = 0.045). Compared with CON and MA, PA down-regulated the ZO-1 in the jejunum (P < 0.001) and increased plasma LPS-binding protein (LBP, P < 0.001). Compared with CON, only PA down-regulated the Occludin in the jejunum (P = 0.013). Compared with CON, PA and MA significantly up-regulated the expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB in the visceral adipose (P < 0.001) and increased plasma IL-6 (P < 0.001). Compared with CON, only PA up-regulated the TNF-α in the visceral adipose (P = 0.01). Compared with CON and MA, PA up-regulated IL-6 in the visceral adipose (P < 0.001), increased plasma TNF-α (P < 0.001), and reduced the IgG content in plasma (P = 0.035). Compared with CON, PA and MA increased C16:0 in subcutaneous fat and longissimus dorsi muscle (P < 0.05), while more C16:0 was also deposited by extension and desaturation into C18:0 and cis-9 C18:1. However, neither PA nor MA affected the content of cis-9 C18:1 in longissimus dorsi muscle compared with CON (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MA containing 30% cis-9 C18:1 reduced the risk of high C16:0 dietary fat induced subcutaneous fat obesity, adipose tissue and systemic low-grade inflammation by accelerating fatty acid oxidative utilization, improving colonization of Akkermansia, reducing intestinal barrier damage, and down-regulating NF-κB activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Haosheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Congwen Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Modinat Tolani Lambo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Okada LM, Marques ES, Levy RB, Gonçalves VSS, Peres MFT, Azeredo CM. Association between ultra-processed dietary pattern and bullying: the role of deviant behaviors. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1352258. [PMID: 39027661 PMCID: PMC11254820 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1352258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ultra-processed foods have been associated with several negative outcomes, but it is not clear whether they are related to bullying perpetration. Moreover, no previous study has investigated the potential role of deviant behaviors as a mediator of this association. Our objective was to evaluate the association between ultra-processed dietary pattern and bullying, and the mediating effect of deviant behaviors in this association, among school adolescents. Methods We used data from a representative sample of 9th grade Brazilian adolescents (N = 2,212) from the São Paulo Project for the social development of children and adolescents (SP-PROSO). Exploratory factor analysis was used to obtain the dietary patterns, through questions of frequency of consumption in the last week of several foods. The ultra-processed dietary pattern was considered as exposure. The outcomes were the types of bullying (any type, social exclusion, psychological/verbal aggression, physical aggression, property destruction, and sexual harassment). Deviant behaviors (mediator) were assessed through a score. Mediation analyses were carried out using logistic regression based on the KHB method. Results After adjusting for covariates, the mediating effect of deviant behaviors was found in the association between ultra-processed dietary pattern and all the types of bullying perpetration, especially for psychological/verbal aggression (39.4%). A small mediating effect of deviant behaviors in the association of ultra-processed dietary pattern with physical aggression (17.7%) and property destruction (18.5%) was observed, but this effect explained only a small portion of the total effect of such association (significant direct effect). Conclusion The ultra-processed dietary pattern was associated with bullying, and the association was mediated through deviant behaviors. Policies and actions for improving the adolescent's diet and managing the adoption of deviant and bullying behaviors by this public are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Martins Okada
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Souza Marques
- Instituto de Medicina Social Hesio Cordeiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Bertazzi Levy
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Catarina Machado Azeredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Q, Gu X, Liu X, Gu Y, Zhang H, Yang J, Huang Z. Long-chain fatty acids - The turning point between 'mild' and 'severe' acute pancreatitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31296. [PMID: 38828311 PMCID: PMC11140623 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease characterized by localized pancreatic injury and a systemic inflammatory response. Fatty acids (FAs), produced during the breakdown of triglycerides (TGs) in blood and peripancreatic fat, escalate local pancreatic inflammation to a systemic level by damaging pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) and triggering M1 macrophage polarization. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of lipases' roles in the onset and progression of AP, as well as the effects of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) on the function of pancreatic acinar cells (PACs). Abnormalities in the function of PACs include Ca2+ overload, premature trypsinogen activation, protein kinase C (PKC) expression, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mitochondrial and autophagic dysfunction. The study highlights the contribution of long-chain saturated fatty acids (LC-SFAs), especially palmitic acid (PA), to M1 macrophage polarization through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, we investigated lipid lowering therapy for AP. This review establishes a theoretical foundation for pro-inflammatory mechanisms associated with FAs in AP and facilitating drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Hospital & Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaodie Liu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ye Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongchen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianfeng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hangzhou Hospital & Institute of Digestive Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Wu Y, Li H, Wang M, Gao Y, Pei S, Liu S, Liu Z, Liu Z, Men L. UPLC-QTOF-MS based metabolomics unravels the modulatory effect of ginseng water extracts on rats with Qi-deficiency. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 242:116019. [PMID: 38382315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Ginseng is commonly used as a nutritional supplement and daily wellness product due to its ability to invigorate qi. As a result, individuals with Qi-deficiency often use ginseng as a health supplement. Ginsenosides and polysaccharides are the primary components of ginseng. However, the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of these components in Qi-deficiency remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the modulatory effects and mechanisms of ginseng water extract, ginsenosides, and ginseng polysaccharides in a rat model of Qi-deficiency using metabolomics and network analysis. The rat model of Qi-deficiency was established via swimming fatigue and a restricted diet. Oral administration of different ginseng water extracts for 30 days primarily alleviated oxidative stress and disrupted energy metabolism and immune response dysfunction caused by Qi-deficiency in rats. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) was used for untargeted serum metabolomic analysis. Based on the analysis results, the active constituents of ginseng significantly reversed the changes in serum biomarkers related to Qi-deficiency in rats, particularly energy, amino acid, and unsaturated fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, analysis of the metabolite-gene network suggested that the anti-Qi-deficiency effects of the ginseng components were mainly associated with toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and inflammatory response. Additional verification revealed that treatment with the ginseng components effectively reduced the inflammatory response and activation of the myocardial TLR4/NF-κB pathway induced by Qi-deficiency, especially the ginseng water extracts. Therefore, ginseng could be an effective preventive measure against the progression of Qi-deficiency by regulating metabolic and inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Yi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| | - Hanlin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Meiyuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Shuhua Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Shu Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Zhongying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Lihui Men
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wan J, Cheng C, Li X, Zhu Y, Su H, Gong Y, Ding K, Gao X, Dang C, Li G, Jiang W, Yao LH. Lactate ameliorates palmitate-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:349-362. [PMID: 38372933 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid enriched in high-fat diet, has been implicated in the development of skeletal muscle regeneration dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the effects and mechanisms of lactate (Lac) treatment on PA-induced impairment of C2C12 cell differentiation capacity. Furthermore, the involvement of voltage-gated calcium channels in this context was examined. In this study, Lac could improve the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG. In addition, Lac increases the inward flow of Ca2+, and promotes the depolarization of the cell membrane potential, thereby activating voltage-gated calcium channels during C2C12 cell differentiation. The enchancement of Lac on myoblast differentiative capacity was abolished after the addition of efonidipine (voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitors). Therefore, voltage-gated calcium channels play an important role in improving PA-induced skeletal muscle regeneration disorders by exercising blood Lac. Our study showed that Lac could rescue the PA-induced impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 cells by affecting Myf5, MyoD and MyoG through the activation of voltage-gated calcium channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wan
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Cheng
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonuo Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Su
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Gong
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaizhi Ding
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Dang
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyin Li
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Yao
- School of Sport Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ali H, Yamanishi M, Sunagawa K, Kumon M, Hasi RY, Aihara M, Kawakami R, Tanaka T. Protective effect of oleic acid against very long-chain fatty acid-induced apoptosis in peroxisome-deficient CHO cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159452. [PMID: 38244676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are degraded exclusively in peroxisomes, as evidenced by the accumulation of VLCFAs in patients with certain peroxisomal disorders. Although accumulation of VLCFAs is considered to be associated with health issues, including neuronal degeneration, the mechanisms underlying VLCFAs-induced tissue degeneration remain unclear. Here, we report the toxic effect of VLCFA and protective effect of C18: 1 FA in peroxisome-deficient CHO cells. We examined the cytotoxicity of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFAs with chain-length at C20-C26, and found that longer and saturated VLCFA showed potent cytotoxicity at lower accumulation levels. Furthermore, the extent of VLCFA-induced toxicity was found to be associated with a decrease in cellular C18:1 FA levels. Notably, supplementation with C18:1 FA effectively rescued the cells from VLCFA-induced apoptosis without reducing the cellular VLCFAs levels, implying that peroxisome-deficient cells can survive in the presence of accumulated VLCFA, as long as the cells keep sufficient levels of cellular C18:1 FA. These results suggest a therapeutic potential of C18:1 FA in peroxisome disease and may provide new insights into the pharmacological effect of Lorenzo's oil, a 4:1 mixture of C18:1 and C22:1 FA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Ali
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Mone Yamanishi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Keigo Sunagawa
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kumon
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Rumana Yesmin Hasi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Aihara
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Ryushi Kawakami
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Okada LM, Marques ES, Levy RB, Peres MFT, Azeredo CM. Association Between Dietary Patterns and Bullying Among Adolescents in Sao Paulo-Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2024; 68:299-316. [PMID: 35535611 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221095017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have assessed the association between food consumption and bullying perpetration, but most of them have not broadly assessed food consumption, neither the distinction between forms of bullying. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns with bullying roles and its different types of bullying perpetration among adolescents. Data on a representative sample of ninth-grade students (N = 2,163; mean age = 14.8 years) taken from Sao Paulo Project for the social development of children and adolescents (SP-PROSO) were used. The independent variables were healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns obtained by exploratory factor analysis. The dependent variables were bullying role (victim-only, bully-only, bully-victim) and bullying perpetration (any type, social exclusion, psychological/verbal aggression, physical aggression, property destruction, sexual harassment). Multinomial and logistic regression models were performed for the total sample and stratified by sex (only for association with sexual harassment), adjusting for covariates. Adolescents who engaged in a healthy dietary pattern were less likely to be bullies (RR 0.67 [0.49, 0.92]), while adolescents with an unhealthy dietary pattern were more likely to be bully-victims (RR 1.29 [1.12, 1.48]). Unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with any type of bullying perpetration (OR 1.24 [1.12, 1.38]), mainly with sexual harassment and physical aggression. Boys who had an unhealthy dietary pattern were more likely to sexually harass another adolescent (OR 2.10 [1.20, 3.66]). In conclusion, adolescents who had a healthy dietary pattern were less likely to perpetrate bullying. Unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with bullying perpetration, especially with sexual harassment by boys.
Collapse
|
8
|
Rezaei M, Ghanadian M, Ghezelbash B, Shokouhi A, Bazhin AV, Zamyatnin AA, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M. TIM-3/Gal-9 interaction affects glucose and lipid metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267578. [PMID: 38022614 PMCID: PMC10667689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) is a transmembrane molecule first identified as an immunoregulator. This molecule is also expressed on leukemic cells in acute myeloid leukemia and master cell survival and proliferation. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of TIM-3 interaction with its ligand galectin-9 (Gal-9) on glucose and lipid metabolism in AML cell lines. Methods HL-60 and THP-1 cell lines, representing M3 and M5 AML subtypes, respectively, were cultured under appropriate conditions. The expression of TIM-3 on the cell surface was ascertained by flow cytometric assay. We used real-time PCR to examine the mRNA expression of GLUT-1, HK-2, PFKFB-3, G6PD, ACC-1, ATGL, and CPT-1A; colorimetric assays to measure the concentration of glucose, lactate, GSH, and the enzymatic activity of G6PD; MTT assay to determine cellular proliferation; and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to designate FFAs. Results We observed the significant upregulated expression of GLUT-1, HK-2, PFKFB-3, ACC-1, CPT-1A, and G6PD and the enzymatic activity of G6PD in a time-dependent manner in the presence of Gal-9 compared to the PMA and control groups in both HL-60 and THP-1 cell lines (p > 0.05). Moreover, the elevation of extracellular free fatty acids, glucose consumption, lactate release, the concentration of cellular glutathione (GSH) and cell proliferation were significantly higher in the presence of Gal-9 compared to the PMA and control groups in both cell lines (p < 0.05). Conclusion TIM-3/Gal-9 ligation on AML cell lines results in aerobic glycolysis and altered lipid metabolism and also protects cells from oxidative stress, all in favor of leukemic cell survival and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shokouhi
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Z, Cui R, Wang YB, Luo YB, Xue PX, Tang QG, Fang MY. Specific gastrointestinal microbiota profiles in Chinese Tan sheep are associated with lauric acid content in muscle. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:331. [PMID: 37936065 PMCID: PMC10631117 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological mechanisms underlying meat quality remain unclear. Currently, many studies report that the gastrointestinal microbiota is essential for animal growth and performance. However, it is uncertain which bacterial species are specifically associated with the meat quality traits. In this study, 16S rDNA and metagenomic sequencing were performed to explore the composition and function of microbes in various gastrointestinal segments of Tan sheep and Dorper sheep, as well as the relationship between microbiota and meat quality (specifically, the fatty acid content of the muscle). In the ruminal, duodenal, and colonic microbiome, several bacteria were uniquely identified in respective breeds, including Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacteroidales bacterium CF, and several members of the family Oscillospiraceae. The annotation of GO, KEGG, and CAZYme revealed that these different bacterial species were linked to the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and amino acids. Additionally, our findings suggested that 16 microbial species may be essential to the content of fatty acids in the muscle, especially C12:0 (lauric acid). 4 bacterial species, including Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Mageeibacillus indolicus, and Mycobacterium dioxanotrophicus, were positively correlated with C12:0, while 13 bacteria, including Methanobrevibacter millerae, Bacteroidales bacterium CF, and Bacteroides coprosuis were negatively correlated with C12:0. In a word, this study provides a basic data for better understanding the interaction between ruminant gastrointestinal microorganisms and the meat quality traits of hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ran Cui
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu-Bei Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ya-Biao Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng-Xiang Xue
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qi-Guo Tang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mei-Ying Fang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, MOA Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tokarz VL, Mylvaganam S, Klip A. Palmitate-induced insulin resistance causes actin filament stiffness and GLUT4 mis-sorting without altered Akt signalling. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261300. [PMID: 37815440 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance, a major contributor to type 2 diabetes, is linked to the consumption of saturated fats. This insulin resistance arises from failure of insulin-induced translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4; also known as SLC2A4) to the plasma membrane to facilitate glucose uptake into muscle. The mechanisms of defective GLUT4 translocation are poorly understood, limiting development of insulin-sensitizing therapies targeting muscle glucose uptake. Although many studies have identified early insulin signalling defects and suggest that they are responsible for insulin resistance, their cause-effect has been debated. Here, we find that the saturated fat palmitate (PA) causes insulin resistance owing to failure of GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes without impairing signalling to Akt2 or AS160 (also known as TBC1D4). Instead, PA altered two basal-state events: (1) the intracellular localization of GLUT4 and its sorting towards a perinuclear storage compartment, and (2) actin filament stiffness, which prevents Rac1-dependent actin remodelling. These defects were triggered by distinct mechanisms, respectively protein palmitoylation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Our findings highlight that saturated fats elicit muscle cell-autonomous dysregulation of the basal-state machinery required for GLUT4 translocation, which 'primes' cells for insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Tokarz
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Sivakami Mylvaganam
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Amira Klip
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ali S, Corbi G, Medoro A, Intrieri M, Scapagnini G, Davinelli S. Relationship between monounsaturated fatty acids and sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1823-1834. [PMID: 37340168 PMCID: PMC10460305 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that fatty acids (FAs) play an essential role in regulating skeletal muscle mass and function throughout life. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the relationship between dietary or circulatory levels of monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) and sarcopenia in observational studies. A comprehensive literature search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) from inception until August 2022. Of 414 records, a total of 12 observational studies were identified for this review. Ten studies were meta-analysed, comprising a total of 3704 participants. The results revealed that MUFA intake is inversely associated with sarcopenia (standardized mean difference = - 0.28, 95% CI - 0.46 to - 0.11; p < 0.01). Despite the limited number of studies, our results suggest that lower MUFA intake is associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia. However, the available evidence is still insufficient and further investigations are needed to demonstrate this relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sawan Ali
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via De Sanctis 1, Campobasso, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Oh SJ, Park K, Sonn SK, Oh GT, Lee MS. Pancreatic β-cell mitophagy as an adaptive response to metabolic stress and the underlying mechanism that involves lysosomal Ca 2+ release. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1922-1932. [PMID: 37653033 PMCID: PMC10545665 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is an excellent example of selective autophagy that eliminates damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria, and it is crucial for the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and function. The critical roles of autophagy in pancreatic β-cell structure and function have been clearly shown. Furthermore, morphological abnormalities and decreased function of mitochondria have been observed in autophagy-deficient β-cells, suggesting the importance of β-cell mitophagy. However, the role of authentic mitophagy in β-cell function has not been clearly demonstrated, as mice with pancreatic β-cell-specific disruption of Parkin, one of the most important players in mitophagy, did not exhibit apparent abnormalities in β-cell function or glucose homeostasis. Instead, the role of mitophagy in pancreatic β-cells has been investigated using β-cell-specific Tfeb-knockout mice (TfebΔβ-cell mice); Tfeb is a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis or autophagy gene expression and participates in mitophagy. TfebΔβ-cell mice were unable to adaptively increase mitophagy or mitochondrial complex activity in response to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic stress. Consequently, TfebΔβ-cell mice exhibited impaired β-cell responses and further exacerbated metabolic deterioration after HFD feeding. TFEB was activated by mitochondrial or metabolic stress-induced lysosomal Ca2+ release, which led to calcineurin activation and mitophagy. After lysosomal Ca2+ release, depleted lysosomal Ca2+ stores were replenished by ER Ca2+ through ER→lysosomal Ca2+ refilling, which supplemented the low lysosomal Ca2+ capacity. The importance of mitophagy in β-cell function was also demonstrated in mice that developed β-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance after treatment with a calcineurin inhibitor that hampered TFEB activation and mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Oh
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, 31151, Korea
| | - Kihyoun Park
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, 31151, Korea
| | - Seong Keun Sonn
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03767, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03767, Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, 31151, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sarmento MJ, Llorente A, Petan T, Khnykin D, Popa I, Nikolac Perkovic M, Konjevod M, Jaganjac M. The expanding organelle lipidomes: current knowledge and challenges. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:237. [PMID: 37530856 PMCID: PMC10397142 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04889-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Lipids in cell membranes and subcellular compartments play essential roles in numerous cellular processes, such as energy production, cell signaling and inflammation. A specific organelle lipidome is characterized by lipid synthesis and metabolism, intracellular trafficking, and lipid homeostasis in the organelle. Over the years, considerable effort has been directed to the identification of the lipid fingerprints of cellular organelles. However, these fingerprints are not fully characterized due to the large variety and structural complexity of lipids and the great variability in the abundance of different lipid species. The process becomes even more challenging when considering that the lipidome differs in health and disease contexts. This review summarizes the information available on the lipid composition of mammalian cell organelles, particularly the lipidome of the nucleus, mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane and organelles in the endocytic pathway. The lipid compositions of extracellular vesicles and lamellar bodies are also described. In addition, several examples of subcellular lipidome dynamics under physiological and pathological conditions are presented. Finally, challenges in mapping organelle lipidomes are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Sarmento
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway
- Department for Mechanical, Electronics and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0167, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, University of Oslo, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Toni Petan
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Denis Khnykin
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Iuliana Popa
- Pharmacy Department, Bâtiment Henri Moissan, University Paris-Saclay, 17 Avenue des Sciences, 91400, Orsay, France
| | | | - Marcela Konjevod
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Morana Jaganjac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu Z, Yuan J, Wen P, Guo X, Wen H, Guo Y, Li D. Effect of lard plus soybean oil on blood pressure and other cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy subjects: a randomized controlled-feeding trial. Food Funct 2023; 14:7117-7129. [PMID: 37461334 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01765f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Lard has been consumed by humans for thousands of years, but its consumption has declined substantially in the last few decades, because of negative publicity about the consumption of animal-derived saturated fats. Emerging evidence highlights that lard plus soybean oil (blend oil) could be more beneficial for body weight and liver function than the individual use of the two oils. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of blend oil on cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy subjects. This was a parallel, three-arm, randomized controlled-feeding trial. 334 healthy subjects (mean age: 33.1 years, 60% women) were randomized into three isoenergetic diet groups with three different edible oils (30 g day-1) (soybean oil, lard, and blend oil [50% lard and 50% soybean oil]) for 12 weeks. 245 (73.4%) participants completed the study. After the 12-week intervention, reductions in both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were greater in the blend oil group than in the other two groups (P = 0.023 and 0.008 for the interaction between the diet group and time, respectively). Reductions of SBP and DBP in the blend oil group were more significant than those in the soybean oil group with P = 0.008 and P = 0.026 and the lard group with P < 0.001 and P < 0.001. Changes in SBP/DBP at 12 weeks were -6.0 (95% CI: -8.6 to -3.4)/0.8 (95% CI: -1.7 to 3.2) mmHg in the blend oil group, -3.3 (95% CI: -5.7 to -0.9)/1.5 (95% CI: -1.0 to 4.0) mmHg in the soybean oil group and -1.2 (95% CI: -3.7 to 1.4)/3.3 (95% CI: 0.9 to 5.8) mmHg in the lard group. Subgroup analyses showed that blend oil significantly decreased SBP and DBP compared with the other two groups in participants with BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg and body mass index ≥25. There were no significant differences in the changes in body weight, waist circumference, serum lipids, or glucose between groups. In conclusion, our findings suggest that blend oil (lard plus soybean oil) reduces BP compared with soybean oil and lard in healthy subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liu
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jihong Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Supply Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Haichao Wen
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Q, Jiang X, Zhou Y, Gu Y, Ding Y, Luo J, Pang N, Sun Y, Pei L, Pan J, Gao M, Ma S, Xiao Y, Hu D, Wu F, Yang L. Improving Mitochondrial Function in Skeletal Muscle Contributes to the Amelioration of Insulin Resistance by Nicotinamide Riboside. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10015. [PMID: 37373163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle is often accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Boosting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) using nicotinamide riboside (NR) can effectively decrease oxidative stress and increase mitochondrial function. However, whether NR can ameliorate IR in skeletal muscle is still inconclusive. We fed male C57BL/6J mice with an HFD (60% fat) ± 400 mg/kg·bw NR for 24 weeks. C2C12 myotube cells were treated with 0.25 mM palmitic acid (PA) ± 0.5 mM NR for 24 h. Indicators for IR and mitochondrial dysfunction were analyzed. NR treatment alleviated IR in HFD-fed mice with regard to improved glucose tolerance and a remarkable decrease in the levels of fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR index. NR-treated HFD-fed mice also showed improved metabolic status regarding a significant reduction in body weight and lipid contents in serum and the liver. NR activated AMPK in the skeletal muscle of HFD-fed mice and PA-treated C2C12 myotube cells and upregulated the expression of mitochondria-related transcriptional factors and coactivators, thereby improving mitochondrial function and alleviating oxidative stress. Upon inhibiting AMPK using Compound C, NR lost its ability in enhancing mitochondrial function and protection against IR induced by PA. In summary, improving mitochondrial function through the activation of AMPK pathway in skeletal muscle may play an important role in the amelioration of IR using NR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xuye Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1172 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yujia Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yijie Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Nengzhi Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lei Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Sixi Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - De Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Feilong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shin H, Park S, Hong J, Baek AR, Lee J, Kim DJ, Jang AS, Chin SS, Jeong SH, Park SW. Overexpression of fatty acid synthase attenuates bleomycin induced lung fibrosis by restoring mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9044. [PMID: 37270622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper lipid metabolism is crucial to maintain alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) function, and excessive AEC death plays a role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key enzyme in the production of palmitate and other fatty acids, is downregulated in the lungs of IPF patients. However, the precise role of FASN in IPF and its mechanism of action remain unclear. In this study, we showed that FASN expression is significantly reduced in the lungs of IPF patients and bleomycin (BLM)-treated mice. Overexpression of FASN significantly inhibited BLM-induced AEC death, which was significantly potentiated by FASN knockdown. Moreover, FASN overexpression reduced BLM-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oleic acid, a fatty acid component increased by FASN overexpression, inhibited BLM-induced cell death in primary murine AECs and rescue BLM induced mouse lung injury/fibrosis. FASN transgenic mice exposed to BLM exhibited attenuated lung inflammation and collagen deposition compared to controls. Our findings suggest that defects in FASN production may be associated with the pathogenesis of IPF, especially mitochondrial dysfunction, and augmentation of FASN in the lung may have therapeutic potential in preventing lung fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyesun Shin
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea
| | - Shinhee Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea
| | - Ae-Rin Baek
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea
| | - Junehyuk Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea
| | - Do-Jin Kim
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea
| | - An-Soo Jang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea
| | - Su Sie Chin
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, 14584, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bandet CL, Tan-Chen S, Ali-Berrada S, Campana M, Poirier M, Blachnio-Zabielska A, Pais-de-Barros JP, Rouch C, Ferré P, Foufelle F, Le Stunff H, Hajduch E. Ceramide analogue C2-cer induces a loss in insulin sensitivity in muscle cells through the salvage/recycling pathway. J Biol Chem 2023:104815. [PMID: 37178918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides have been shown to play a major role in the onset of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and therefore in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, many of the studies involved in the discovery of deleterious ceramide actions used a non-physiological cell-permeable short-chain ceramide analogue, the C2-ceramide (C2-cer). In the present study, we determined how C2-cer promotes insulin resistance in muscle cells. We demonstrate that C2-cer enters the salvage/recycling pathway and becomes de-acylated, yielding sphingosine, re-acylation of which depends on the availability of long chain fatty acids provided by the lipogenesis pathway in muscle cells. Importantly, we show these salvaged ceramides are actually responsible for the inhibition of insulin signaling induced by C2-cer. Interestingly, we also show that the exogenous and endogenous mono-unsaturated fatty acid oleate prevents C2-cer to be recycled into endogenous ceramide species in a diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1)-dependent mechanism, which forces free fatty acid metabolism towards triacylglyceride production. Altogether, the study highlights for the first time that C2-cer induces a loss in insulin sensitivity through the salvage/recycling pathway in muscle cells. This study also validates C2-cer as a convenient tool to decipher mechanisms by which long-chain ceramides mediate insulin resistance in muscle cells and suggests that in addition to the de novo ceramide synthesis, recycling of ceramide could contribute to muscle insulin resistance observed in obesity and T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile L Bandet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Ali-Berrada
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Campana
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Saclay, France
| | - Maxime Poirier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Paul Pais-de-Barros
- Lipidomics Core Facility, INSERM UMR1231 - Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 Boulevard Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Claude Rouch
- Université de Paris Cité, Functional and Adaptive Biology Unit, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Ferré
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Foufelle
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Saclay, France
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tokarz VL, Pereira RVS, Jaldin-Fincati JR, Mylvaganam S, Klip A. Junctional integrity and directional mobility of lymphatic endothelial cell monolayers are disrupted by saturated fatty acids. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar28. [PMID: 36735487 PMCID: PMC10092641 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-08-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic circulation regulates transfer of tissue fluid and immune cells toward the venous circulation. While obesity impairs lymphatic vessel function, the contribution of lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) to metabolic disease phenotypes is poorly understood. LEC of lymphatic microvessels are in direct contact with the interstitial fluid, whose composition changes during the development of obesity, markedly by increases in saturated fatty acids. Palmitate, the most prevalent saturated fatty acid in lymph and blood, is detrimental to metabolism and function of diverse tissues, but its impact on LEC function is relatively unknown. Here, palmitate (but not its unsaturated counterpart palmitoleate) destabilized adherens junctions in human microvascular LEC in culture, visualized as changes in VE-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin localization. Detachment of these proteins from cortical actin filaments was associated with abundant actomyosin stress fibers. The effects were Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK)- and myosin-dependent, as inhibition with Y27632 or blebbistatin, respectively, prevented stress fiber accumulation and preserved junctions. Without functional junctions, palmitate-treated LEC failed to directionally migrate to close wounds in two dimensions and failed to form endothelial tubes in three dimensions. A reorganization of the lymphatic endothelial actin cytoskeleton may contribute to lymphatic dysfunction in obesity and could be considered as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Tokarz
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Rafaela V S Pereira
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | | | - Sivakami Mylvaganam
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nutrients, Physical Activity, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Setting of Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051217. [PMID: 36904216 PMCID: PMC10004804 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic risk factors for diabetes, coronary heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and some tumors. It includes insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MetS is primarily linked to lipotoxicity, with ectopic fat deposition from fat storage exhaustion, more than obesity per se. Excessive intake of long-chain saturated fatty acid and sugar closely relates to lipotoxicity and MetS through several pathways, including toll-like receptor 4 activation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma regulation (PPARγ), sphingolipids remodeling, and protein kinase C activation. These mechanisms prompt mitochondrial dysfunction, which plays a key role in disrupting the metabolism of fatty acids and proteins and in developing insulin resistance. By contrast, the intake of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and medium-chain saturated (low-dose) fatty acids, as well as plant-based proteins and whey protein, favors an improvement in sphingolipid composition and metabolic profile. Along with dietary modification, regular exercises including aerobic, resistance, or combined training can target sphingolipid metabolism and improve mitochondrial function and MetS components. This review aimed to summarize the main dietary and biochemical aspects related to the physiopathology of MetS and its implications for mitochondrial machinery while discussing the potential role of diet and exercise in counteracting this complex clustering of metabolic dysfunctions.
Collapse
|
20
|
Burzynska-Pedziwiatr I, Dudzik D, Sansone A, Malachowska B, Zieleniak A, Zurawska-Klis M, Ferreri C, Chatgilialoglu C, Cypryk K, Wozniak LA, Markuszewski MJ, Bukowiecka-Matusiak M. Targeted and untargeted metabolomic approach for GDM diagnosis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:997436. [PMID: 36685282 PMCID: PMC9849575 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.997436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disorder which manifests itself for the first time during pregnancy and is mainly connected with glucose metabolism. It is also known that fatty acid profile changes in erythrocyte membranes and plasma could be associated with obesity and insulin resistance. These factors can lead to the development of diabetes. In the reported study, we applied the untargeted analysis of plasma in GDM against standard glucose-tolerant (NGT) women to identify the differences in metabolomic profiles between those groups. We found higher levels of 2-hydroxybutyric and 3-hydroxybutyric acids. Both secondary metabolites are associated with impaired glucose metabolism. However, they are products of different metabolic pathways. Additionally, we applied lipidomic profiling using gas chromatography to examine the fatty acid composition of cholesteryl esters in the plasma of GDM patients. Among the 14 measured fatty acids characterizing the representative plasma lipidomic cluster, myristic, oleic, arachidonic, and α-linoleic acids revealed statistically significant changes. Concentrations of both myristic acid, one of the saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and oleic acid, which belong to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), tend to decrease in GDM patients. In the case of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), some of them tend to increase (e.g., arachidonic), and some of them tend to decrease (e.g., α-linolenic). Based on our results, we postulate the importance of hydroxybutyric acid derivatives, cholesteryl ester composition, and the oleic acid diminution in the pathophysiology of GDM. There are some evidence suggests that the oleic acid can have the protective role in diabetes onset. However, metabolic alterations that lead to the onset of GDM are complex; therefore, further studies are needed to confirm our observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Danuta Dudzik
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Sansone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beata Malachowska
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,Department of Clinic Nursing, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,Department of Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Zieleniak
- Laboratory of Metabolomic Studies, Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Zurawska-Klis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Carla Ferreri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute for the Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Lucyna A. Wozniak
- Laboratory of Metabolomic Studies, Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michal J. Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Bukowiecka-Matusiak
- Laboratory of Metabolomic Studies, Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,*Correspondence: Malgorzata Bukowiecka-Matusiak,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Farrag M, Ait Eldjoudi D, González-Rodríguez M, Cordero-Barreal A, Ruiz-Fernández C, Capuozzo M, González-Gay MA, Mera A, Lago F, Soffar A, Essawy A, Pino J, Farrag Y, Gualillo O. Asprosin in health and disease, a new glucose sensor with central and peripheral metabolic effects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1101091. [PMID: 36686442 PMCID: PMC9849689 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue malfunction leads to altered adipokine secretion which might consequently contribute to an array of metabolic diseases spectrum including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disorders. Asprosin is a novel diabetogenic adipokine classified as a caudamin hormone protein. This adipokine is released from white adipose tissue during fasting and elicits glucogenic and orexigenic effects. Although white adipose tissue is the dominant source for this multitask adipokine, other tissues also may produce asprosin such as salivary glands, pancreatic B-cells, and cartilage. Significantly, plasma asprosin levels link to glucose metabolism, lipid profile, insulin resistance (IR), and β-cell function. Indeed, asprosin exhibits a potent role in the metabolic process, induces hepatic glucose production, and influences appetite behavior. Clinical and preclinical research showed dysregulated levels of circulating asprosin in several metabolic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), and several types of cancer. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the asprosin role in the etiology and pathophysiological manifestations of these conditions. Asprosin could be a promising candidate for both novel pharmacological treatment strategies and diagnostic tools, although developing a better understanding of its function and signaling pathways is still needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Farrag
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Euro-Mediterranean Master in neuroscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Djedjiga Ait Eldjoudi
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María González-Rodríguez
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- International PhD School of the University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), Doctoral Program in Drug Research and Development, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cordero-Barreal
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Clara Ruiz-Fernández
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- International PhD School of the University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), Doctoral Program in Medicine Clinical Research, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maurizio Capuozzo
- National Health Service, Local Health Authority ASL 3 Napoli Sud, Department of Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | - Miguel Angel González-Gay
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Antonio Mera
- SERGAS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Lab, Research Laboratory 7, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ahmed Soffar
- Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amina Essawy
- Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jesus Pino
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yousof Farrag
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee D, Lee VMY, Hur SK. Manipulation of the diet-microbiota-brain axis in Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1042865. [PMID: 36408394 PMCID: PMC9672822 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1042865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies investigating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease have identified various interdependent constituents contributing to the exacerbation of the disease, including Aβ plaque formation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neurofibrillary tangle accumulation, glial inflammation, and the eventual loss of proper neural plasticity. Recently, using various models and human patients, another key factor has been established as an influential determinant in brain homeostasis: the gut-brain axis. The implications of a rapidly aging population and the absence of a definitive cure for Alzheimer's disease have prompted a search for non-pharmaceutical tools, of which gut-modulatory therapies targeting the gut-brain axis have shown promise. Yet multiple recent studies examining changes in human gut flora in response to various probiotics and environmental factors are limited and difficult to generalize; whether the state of the gut microbiota in Alzheimer's disease is a cause of the disease, a result of the disease, or both through numerous feedback loops in the gut-brain axis, remains unclear. However, preliminary findings of longitudinal studies conducted over the past decades have highlighted dietary interventions, especially Mediterranean diets, as preventative measures for Alzheimer's disease by reversing neuroinflammation, modifying the intestinal and blood-brain barrier (BBB), and addressing gut dysbiosis. Conversely, the consumption of Western diets intensifies the progression of Alzheimer's disease through genetic alterations, impaired barrier function, and chronic inflammation. This review aims to support the growing body of experimental and clinical data highlighting specific probiotic strains and particular dietary components in preventing Alzheimer's disease via the gut-brain axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lee
- Middleton High School, Middleton, WI, United States
| | - Virginia M-Y. Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Seong Kwon Hur
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
He W, Tran A, Chen CT, Loganathan N, Bazinet RP, Belsham DD. Oleate restores altered autophagic flux to rescue palmitate lipotoxicity in hypothalamic neurons. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 557:111753. [PMID: 35981630 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of excess lipids in non-adipose tissues, such as the hypothalamus, is termed lipotoxicity and causative of free fatty acid-mediated pathology in metabolic disease. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind oleate (OA)- and palmitate (PA)-mediated changes in hypothalamic neurons. Using the well-characterized hypothalamic neuronal cell model, mHypoE-46, we assessed gene changes through qRT-PCR, cell death with quantitative imaging, PA metabolism using stable isotope labeling, and cellular mechanisms using pharmacological modulation of lipid metabolism and autophagic flux. Palmitate (PA) disrupts gene expression, including Npy, Grp78, and Il-6 mRNA in mHypoE-46 hypothalamic neurons. Blocking PA metabolism using triacsin-C prevented the increase of these genes, implying that these changes depend on PA intracellular metabolism. Co-incubation with oleate (OA) is also potently protective and prevents cell death induced by increasing concentrations of PA. However, OA does not decrease U-13C-PA incorporation into diacylglycerol and phospholipids. Remarkably, OA can reverse PA toxicity even after significant PA metabolism and cellular impairment. OA can restore PA-mediated impairment of autophagy to prevent or reverse the accumulation of PA metabolites through lysosomal degradation, and not through other reported mechanisms. The autophagic flux inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) mimics PA toxicity by upregulating autophagy-related genes, Npy, Grp78, and Il-6, an effect partially reversed by OA. CQ also prevented the OA defense against PA toxicity, whereas the autophagy inducer rapamycin provided some protection. Thus, PA impairment of autophagic flux significantly contributes to its lipotoxicity, and OA-mediated protection requires functional autophagy. Overall, our results suggest that impairment of autophagy contributes to hypothalamic lipotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan He
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andy Tran
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chuck T Chen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Richard P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denise D Belsham
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jung TW, Kim H, Park SY, Cho W, Oh H, Lee HJ, Abd El-Aty AM, Hacimuftuoglu A, Jeong JH. Stachydrine alleviates lipid-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance via AMPK/HO-1-mediated suppression of inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:2181-2191. [PMID: 35834165 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01866-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance develops due to skeletal muscle inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Stachydrine (STA), extracted from Leonurus heterophyllus, has been shown to suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells and exert anti-inflammatory properties in the brain, heart, and liver. However, the roles of STA in insulin signaling in skeletal muscle remain unclear. Herein, we examined the impacts of STA on insulin signaling in skeletal muscle under hyperlipidemic conditions and its related molecular mechanisms. METHODS Various protein expression levels were determined by Western blotting. Levels of mouse serum cytokines were measured by ELISA. RESULTS We found that STA-ameliorated inflammation and ER stress, leading to attenuation of insulin resistance in palmitate-treated C2C12 myocytes. STA dose-dependently enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and HO-1 expression. Administration of STA attenuated not only insulin resistance but also inflammation and ER stress in the skeletal muscle of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Additionally, STA-ameliorated glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, as well as serum TNFα and MCP-1, in mice fed a HFD. Small interfering (si) RNA-associated suppression of AMPK or HO-1 expression abolished the effects of STA in C2C12 myocytes. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that STA activates AMPK/HO-1 signaling, resulting in reduced inflammation and ER stress, thereby improving skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Using STA as a natural ingredient, this research successfully treated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T W Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - A Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - J H Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shrode RL, Cady N, Jensen SN, Borcherding N, Mangalam AK. Isoflavone consumption reduces inflammation through modulation of phenylalanine and lipid metabolism. Metabolomics 2022; 18:84. [PMID: 36289122 PMCID: PMC10148689 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01944-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phytoestrogens found in soy, fruits, peanuts, and other legumes, have been identified as metabolites capable of providing beneficial effects in multiple pathological conditions due to their ability to mimic endogenous estrogen. Interestingly, the health-promoting effects of some phytoestrogens, such as isoflavones, are dependent on the presence of specific gut bacteria. Specifically, gut bacteria can metabolize isoflavones into equol, which has a higher affinity for endogenous estrogen receptors compared to dietary isoflavones. We have previously shown that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory disease, lack gut bacteria that are able to metabolize phytoestrogen. Further, we have validated the importance of both isoflavones and phytoestrogen-metabolizing gut bacteria in disease protection utilizing an animal model of MS. Specifically, we have shown that an isoflavone-rich diet can protect from neuroinflammatory diseases, and that protection was dependent on the ability of gut bacteria to metabolize isoflavones into equol. Additionally, mice on a diet with isoflavones showed an anti-inflammatory response compared to the mice on a diet lacking isoflavones. However, it is unknown how isoflavones and/or equol mediates their protective effects, especially their effects on host metabolite levels. OBJECTIVES In this study, we utilized untargeted metabolomics to identify metabolites found in plasma that were modulated by the presence of dietary isoflavones. RESULTS We found that the consumption of isoflavones increased anti-inflammatory monounsaturated fatty acids and beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids while reducing pro-inflammatory glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, phenylalanine metabolism, and arachidonic acid derivatives. CONCLUSION Isoflavone consumption alters the systemic metabolic landscape through concurrent increases in monounsaturated fatty acids and beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids plus reduction in pro-inflammatory metabolites and pathways. This highlights a potential mechanism by which an isoflavone diet may modulate immune-mediated disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Shrode
- Department of Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nicole Cady
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Samantha N Jensen
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Mangalam
- Department of Informatics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Noori S, Mirzababaei A, Abaj F, Ghaffarian-Ensaf R, Mirzaei K. Does the Mediterranean diet reduce the odds of diabetic nephropathy in women? A case–control study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:984622. [PMID: 36118745 PMCID: PMC9481419 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.984622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIn recent decades, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes is increasing. One of the major complications of diabetes is diabetic nephropathy (DN), so it is important to find a way that can delay or control the onset of DN. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MED) and the odds of DN.MethodsThis case–control study was performed among 210 women (30–65 years) who were referred to the Kowsar Diabetes Clinic in Semnan, Iran. Biochemical variables and anthropometric measurements were assessed. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to calculate dietary intakes. Data from dietary intakes based on the FFQ were used to evaluate the MED score. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations.ResultsOur results showed that in the crude model with higher adherence to the MED (OR: 0.272; 95% CI: 0.154, 0.481; P = 0.001), the odds of DN has reduced by 73%, and in model 1, after controlling for potential confounders, with higher adherence to the MED (OR: 0.239; 95% CI: 0.128, 0.447; P = 0.001), the odds of DN has reduced by 76% compared to low adherence. Also, in model 1, significant associations were observed between high consumption of grains (OR: 0.360; 95% CI: 0.191, 0.676; P = 0.001), legumes (OR: 0.156; 95% CI: 0.083, 0.292; P = 0.001), vegetables (OR: 0.273; 95% CI: 0.149, 0.501; P = 0.001), fruits (OR: 0.179; 95% CI: 0.093, 0.347; P = 0.001), fish (OR: 0.459; 95% CI: 0.254, 0.827; P = 0.01), and reduced odds of DN (P < 0.05).ConclusionWe observed that with higher adherence to the MED, the odds of DN had reduced through mechanisms. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Noori
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Khadijeh Mirzaei
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Heden TD, Chen C, Leland G, Mashek MM, Najt CP, Shang L, Chow LS, Mashek DG. Isolated and combined impact of dietary olive oil and exercise on markers of health and energy metabolism in female mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 107:109040. [PMID: 35533899 PMCID: PMC9626252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An olive oil (OO) rich diet or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) independently improve markers of health and energy metabolism, but it is unknown if combining OO and HIIT synergize to improve these markers. This study characterized the isolated and combined impact of OO and HIIT on markers of health and energy metabolism in various tissues in C57BL/6J female mice. Nine-week-old mice were divided into four groups for a 12-week diet and/or exercise intervention including: (1) Control Diet without HIIT (CD), (2) Control Diet with HIIT (CD+HIIT), (3) OO diet (10% kcal from olive oil) without HIIT, and (4) OO diet with HIIT (OO+HIIT). Neither dietary OO or HIIT altered body weight, glucose tolerance, or serum lipids. HIIT, regardless of diet, increased aerobic capacity and HDL cholesterol levels. In liver and heart tissue, OO resulted in similar adaptations as HIIT including increased mitochondrial content and fatty acid oxidation but combining OO with HIIT did not augment these effects. In skeletal muscle, HIIT increased mitochondrial content in type II fibers similarly between diets. An RNA sequencing analysis on type I fibers revealed OO reduced muscle regeneration and lipid metabolism gene abundance, whereas HIIT increased the abundance of these genes, independent of diet. HIIT training, independent of diet, induced subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) hypertrophy, whereas OO induced gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) hypertrophy, an effect that was augmented with HIIT. These data highlight the pleiotropic effects of OO and HIIT, although their combination does not synergize to further improve most markers of health and energy metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Heden
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Grace Leland
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Mara M Mashek
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Charles P Najt
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Linshan Shang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Lisa S Chow
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Douglas G Mashek
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Minneapolis, MN.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang B, Zhu R, Sun X, Guo Q, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Oh Y, Fan L, Wang C, Gu N. Fatty acid palmitate suppresses FoxO1 expression via PERK and IRE1 unfolded protein response in C2C12 myotubes. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 85:105459. [PMID: 36030031 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead Box O1 (FoxO1) is a transcription factor with a unique fork head domain that indirectly participates in a variety of physiological processes and plays an important role in type 2 diabetes. Palmitate as the most abundant free fatty acid, accounting for 28-32% of total free fatty acids in human plasma. There is a direct relationship between palmitate and insulin resistance-induced type 2 diabetes. In addition, palmitate can activate the unfolded protein response signaling pathway induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This study aimed to investigate the response of FoxO1 to palmitate and the relationship with ER stress in C2C12 myotubes. Treatment of palmitate or tunicamycin promoted ER stress-related genes expression but suppressed FoxO1 expression, while 4-phenylbutyrate presented the opposite activity in palmitate-pretreated C2C12 myotubes, indicating that ER stress might be closely associated with FoxO1 expression. Moreover, palmitate-suppressed FoxO1 expression was reversed in C2C12 cells when the PERK and IRE-1 signaling pathway was inhibited by treatment with GSK2656157 or 4μ8C. However, no differences were observed when the ATF6 signaling pathway was suppressed by knockout of the ATF6 gene. These findings suggest that palmitate suppressed FoxO1 expression via the PERK and IRE1 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boya Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ruijiao Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Nanxi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Changlin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Seasonal Variations in the Lipid Profile of the Ovarian Follicle in Italian Mediterranean Buffaloes. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162108. [PMID: 36009698 PMCID: PMC9405139 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Reproductive seasonality is a major factor affecting buffalo breeding. The rationale of this work derives from the hypothesis that the reduced cleavage and blastocyst rates observed during the non-breeding season could be due to a suboptimal follicular environment. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of season on the lipid profile of the ovarian follicle in the Italian Mediterranean buffalo. For this purpose, abattoir-derived ovaries were collected during the breeding and non-breeding seasons, and the apolar phase of follicular components was analyzed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of seasonal variations in lipid content of the buffalo ovarian follicle, including follicular fluid, follicular and cumulus cells, and oocytes. The results undoubtedly demonstrated significant seasonal variations in the lipid profile, including triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids, in the different biological matrices analyzed. Interestingly, an increased amount in the total level of non-esterified fatty acids in the follicular fluid was also observed during the non-breeding season. The results allow a better understanding of the physiology of the ovarian follicle in buffalo and unveil some causes of reduced oocyte competence during the non-reproductive season, laying the groundwork for further studies and corrective strategies. Abstract The reduced oocyte competence recorded during the non-breading season (NBS) is one of the key factors affecting the profitability of buffalo farming and limits the IVEP efficiency. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate whether season influences the lipid content within the ovarian follicle in the Italian Mediterranean buffalo. Abattoir-derived ovaries were collected during the breeding season (BS) and the NBS, and different matrices (follicular fluid, oocytes, cumulus and follicular cells) were recovered. After the extraction of the apolar fraction, all samples were analyzed by H1 nuclear magnetic resonance and FF samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Seasonal differences in lipid composition were observed in all matrices. In particular, during the NBS, the triglyceride content was higher in the follicular fluid and in the oocytes but reduced in the follicular cells. Both cholesterol and phospholipids were reduced in the follicular fluid and follicular cells during the NBS. Furthermore, the total amount of non-esterified fatty acids was significantly increased in the follicular fluid. The seasonal variation in lipid profile of the follicle may, in part, account for the reduced buffalo oocyte competence during the NBS, due to the critical role played by lipids in regulating ovarian functions.
Collapse
|
30
|
Giblin MJ, Ontko CD, Penn JS. Effect of cytokine-induced alterations in extracellular matrix composition on diabetic retinopathy-relevant endothelial cell behaviors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12955. [PMID: 35902594 PMCID: PMC9334268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal vascular basement membrane (BM) thickening is an early structural abnormality of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Recent studies suggest that BM thickening contributes to the DR pathological cascade; however, much remains to be elucidated about the exact mechanisms by which BM thickening develops and subsequently drives other pathogenic events in DR. Therefore, we undertook a systematic analysis to understand how human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMEC) and human retinal pericytes (hRP) change their expression of key extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents when treated with diabetes-relevant stimuli designed to model the three major insults of the diabetic environment: hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. TNFα and IL-1β caused the most potent and consistent changes in ECM expression in both hRMEC and hRP. We also demonstrate that conditioned media from IL-1β-treated human Müller cells caused dose-dependent, significant increases in collagen IV and agrin expression in hRMEC. After narrowing our focus to inflammation-induced changes, we sought to understand how ECM deposited by hRMEC and hRP under inflammatory conditions affects the behavior of naïve hRMEC. Our data demonstrated that diabetes-relevant alterations in ECM composition alone cause both increased adhesion molecule expression by and increased peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) adhesion to naïve hRMEC. Taken together, these data demonstrate novel roles for inflammation and pericytes in driving BM pathology and suggest that inflammation-induced ECM alterations may advance other pathogenic behaviors in DR, including leukostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith J Giblin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA.
| | - Cayla D Ontko
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
| | - John S Penn
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Carbone S. Intramuscular and Intermuscular Adipose Tissue in Older Adults: Noncardiac Body Composition Depots and HF Risk. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2022; 10:494-497. [PMID: 35772860 PMCID: PMC9390805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Carbone
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA; VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li J, Pan W, Qian J, Ni Y, Fu J, Ni S. Metabolomic Differential Compounds Reflecting the Clinical Efficacy of Polyethylene Glycol Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in the Treatment of Childhood Growth Hormone Deficiency. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864058. [PMID: 35571140 PMCID: PMC9092529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding metabolite profiles may aid in providing a reference for individualized treatment using PEG-rhGH. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PEG-rhGH in treating GHD patients by using a metabolomic approach. Fifty-seven pediatric participants treated with PEG-rhGH were enrolled (28 GHD patients with high clinical efficacy and 29 GHD patients with lower clinical efficacy). Serum samples from all patients were first collected at baseline for biochemical detection; then metabolite levels were measured using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The candidates included heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, D-galactose, dodecanoic acid, and oleic acid. The related metabolic pathways involved fatty acid metabolism and energy metabolism. This study suggested that growth gains of PEG-rhGH treatment might be differentiated by altered serum levels of fatty acid. Collectively, the metabolomic study provides unique insights into the use of PEG-rhGH as a therapeutic strategy for individualized treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- National Clinical Trial Institute, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Qian
- National Clinical Trial Institute, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ni
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfen Fu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqing Ni
- National Clinical Trial Institute, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Park K, Lim H, Kim J, Hwang Y, Lee YS, Bae SH, Kim H, Kim H, Kang SW, Kim JY, Lee MS. Lysosomal Ca2+-mediated TFEB activation modulates mitophagy and functional adaptation of pancreatic β-cells to metabolic stress. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1300. [PMID: 35288580 PMCID: PMC8921223 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28874-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlthough autophagy is critical for pancreatic β-cell function, the role and mechanism of mitophagy in β-cells are unclear. We studied the role of lysosomal Ca2+ in TFEB activation by mitochondrial or metabolic stress and that of TFEB-mediated mitophagy in β-cell function. Mitochondrial or metabolic stress induced mitophagy through lysosomal Ca2+ release, increased cytosolic Ca2+ and TFEB activation. Lysosomal Ca2+ replenishment by ER- > lysosome Ca2+ refilling was essential for mitophagy. β-cell-specific Tfeb knockout (TfebΔβ-cell) abrogated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mitophagy, accompanied by increased ROS and reduced mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity or O2 consumption. TfebΔβ-cell mice showed aggravation of HFD-induced glucose intolerance and impaired insulin release. Metabolic or mitochondrial stress induced TFEB-dependent expression of mitophagy receptors including Ndp52 and Optn, contributing to the increased mitophagy. These results suggest crucial roles of lysosomal Ca2+ release coupled with ER- > lysosome Ca2+ refilling and TFEB activation in mitophagy and maintenance of pancreatic β-cell function during metabolic stress.
Collapse
|
34
|
Bentanachs R, Velázquez AM, Sánchez RM, Alegret M, Laguna JC, Roglans N. Bempedoic acid as a PPARα activator: new perspectives for hepatic steatosis treatment in a female rat experimental model. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2022; 34:57-67. [PMID: 34887111 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In its initial stages, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease presents hypertriglyceridemia and accumulation of lipids in the liver (hepatic steatosis). Bempedoic acid is an ATP:citrate lyase inhibitor that promotes a dual inhibition of the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. However, its effect in the prevention / treatment of hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia has not been investigated. The aim of our work has been to elucidate whether bempedoic acid, through a mechanism other than ATP:citrate lyase inhibition, reverses these metabolic alterations. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The study was carried out in female Sprague-Dawley rats fed, for three months, with a high fat diet supplemented with fructose (10% w/v) in drinking water. During the last month, bempedoic acid (30mg/kg/day) was administered to a group of animals. Zoometric and plasmatic parameters were analyzed, gene and protein expression analysis were performed in liver samples and PPAR-PPRE binding activity was determined. RESULTS Our interventional model developed hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia. Despite an increase in total caloric intake, there was no increase in body weight of the animals. The administration of bempedoic acid significantly reduced hepatic steatosis and promoted a marked hepatocyte hypertrophy. There was a 66% increase in the liver weight of the animals treated with the drug that was not accompanied by modifications in the markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, or endoplasmic reticulum stress. Bempedoic acid activated the peroxisome proliferator activated nuclear receptor (PPARα) and its target genes. CONCLUSIONS Bempedoic acid could be an effective therapy for the treatment of fatty liver and associated cardiovascular risk. Bempedoic acid has other mechanisms of action besides the inhibition of ATP: citrate lyase, such as the activation of PPARα, which could explain the reduction in hepatic steatosis and the increase in liver weight observed in animals treated with the drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Bentanachs
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Ana Magdalena Velázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Rosa María Sánchez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, España; Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Marta Alegret
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, España; Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Juan Carlos Laguna
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, España; Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Núria Roglans
- Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, España; Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lipke K, Kubis-Kubiak A, Piwowar A. Molecular Mechanism of Lipotoxicity as an Interesting Aspect in the Development of Pathological States-Current View of Knowledge. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050844. [PMID: 35269467 PMCID: PMC8909283 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Free fatty acids (FFAs) play numerous vital roles in the organism, such as contribution to energy generation and reserve, serving as an essential component of the cell membrane, or as ligands for nuclear receptors. However, the disturbance in fatty acid homeostasis, such as inefficient metabolism or intensified release from the site of storage, may result in increased serum FFA levels and eventually result in ectopic fat deposition, which is unfavorable for the organism. The cells are adjusted for the accumulation of FFA to a limited extent and so prolonged exposure to elevated FFA levels results in deleterious effects referred to as lipotoxicity. Lipotoxicity contributes to the development of diseases such as insulin resistance, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation. The nonobvious organs recognized as the main lipotoxic goal of action are the pancreas, liver, skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle, and kidneys. However, lipotoxic effects to a significant extent are not organ-specific but affect fundamental cellular processes occurring in most cells. Therefore, the wider perception of cellular lipotoxic mechanisms and their interrelation may be beneficial for a better understanding of various diseases’ pathogenesis and seeking new pharmacological treatment approaches.
Collapse
|
36
|
Velázquez AM, Bentanachs R, Sala‐Vila A, Lázaro I, Rodríguez‐Morató J, Sánchez RM, Alegret M, Roglans N, Laguna JC. ChREBP‐driven DNL and PNPLA3 Expression Induced by Liquid Fructose Are Essential in the Production of Fatty Liver and Hypertriglyceridemia in a High‐fat Diet‐fed Rat Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101115. [PMID: 35124887 PMCID: PMC9286604 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Scope The aim of this study is to delineate the contribution of dietary saturated fatty acids (FA) versus liquid fructose to fatty liver and hypertriglyceridemia. Methods and Results Three groups of female rats are maintained for 3 months in standard chow (CT); High‐fat diet (46.9% of fat‐derived calories, rich in palmitic and stearic FA, HFD); and HFD with 10% w/v fructose in drinking water (HFHFr). Zoometric parameters, plasma biochemistry, and liver Oil‐Red O (ORO) staining, lipidomics, and expression of proteins involved in FA metabolism are analyzed. Both diets increase ingested calories without modifying body weight. Only the HFHFr diet increases liver triglycerides (x11.0), with hypertriglyceridemia (x1.7) and reduces FA β‐oxidation (x0.7), and increases liver FA markers of DNL (de novo lipogenesis). Whereas HFD livers show a high content of ceramides, HFHFr samples show unchanged ceramides, and an increase in diacylglycerols. Only the HFHFr diet leads to a marked increase in the expression of enzymes involved in DNL and triglyceride metabolism, such as carbohydrate response element binding protein β (ChREBPβ, x3.2), a transcription factor that regulates DNL, and patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing 3 (PNPLA3, x2.6), a lipase that mobilizes stored triglycerides for VLDL secretion. Conclusion The addition of liquid‐fructose to dietary FA is determinant in liver steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia production, through increased DNL and PNPLA3 expression, and reduced FA catabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Magdalena Velázquez
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Science University of Barcelona Avda Joan XXIII 27–31 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Roger Bentanachs
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Science University of Barcelona Avda Joan XXIII 27–31 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Aleix Sala‐Vila
- IMIM‐Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute Barcelona 08003 Spain
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center Pasqual Maragall Foundation Barcelona 08005 Spain
| | - Iolanda Lázaro
- IMIM‐Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute Barcelona 08003 Spain
| | - Jose Rodríguez‐Morató
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid 28029 Spain
- IMIM‐Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute Barcelona 08003 Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS‐UPF) Barcelona 08003 Spain
| | - Rosa M. Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Science University of Barcelona Avda Joan XXIII 27–31 Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine University of Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Marta Alegret
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Science University of Barcelona Avda Joan XXIII 27–31 Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine University of Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Núria Roglans
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Science University of Barcelona Avda Joan XXIII 27–31 Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine University of Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Laguna
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Science University of Barcelona Avda Joan XXIII 27–31 Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine University of Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Madrid 28029 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Palm Oil-Rich Diet Affects Murine Liver Proteome and S-Palmitoylome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313094. [PMID: 34884899 PMCID: PMC8657750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Palmitic acid (C16:0) is the most abundant saturated fatty acid in animals serving as a substrate in synthesis and β-oxidation of other lipids, and in the modification of proteins called palmitoylation. The influence of dietary palmitic acid on protein S-palmitoylation remains largely unknown. In this study we performed high-throughput proteomic analyses of a membrane-enriched fraction of murine liver to examine the influence of a palm oil-rich diet (HPD) on S-palmitoylation of proteins. HPD feeding for 4 weeks led to an accumulation of C16:0 and C18:1 fatty acids in livers which disappeared after 12-week feeding, in contrast to an accumulation of C16:0 in peritoneal macrophages. Parallel proteomic studies revealed that HPD feeding induced a sequence of changes of the level and/or S-palmitoylation of diverse liver proteins involved in fatty acid, cholesterol and amino acid metabolism, hemostasis, and neutrophil degranulation. The HPD diet did not lead to liver damage, however, it caused progressing obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. We conclude that the relatively mild negative impact of such diet on liver functioning can be attributed to a lower bioavailability of palm oil-derived C16:0 vs. that of C18:1 and the efficiency of mechanisms preventing liver injury, possibly including dynamic protein S-palmitoylation.
Collapse
|
38
|
Shi M, Sirard MA. Cocultured porcine granulosa cells respond to excess non-esterified fatty acids during in vitro maturation. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:142. [PMID: 34711256 PMCID: PMC8554973 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are one of the main lipid components of follicular fluid at concentrations that depend on circulating levels. Elevated levels of NEFAs impair oocyte quality, development potential, and may subsequently influence the metabolism and reproductive fitness of offspring. Granulosa cells (GCs) are the follicular cells that are closely communicating with the oocyte. However, the responses of GCs exposed to high levels of NEFAs when cocultured with cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), and how they attenuate the negative effects of NEFAs on oocytes, are unclear. Results To better understand this protective effect, monolayers of porcine GCs were cocultured with COCs during in vitro maturation (IVM) in the presence of elevated levels of NEFAs. Genomic expression analysis was conducted to explore the responses of the GCs to the elevated levels of NEFAs. After limma algorithm analysis, 1,013 genes were differentially expressed between GCs cultured with and without elevated NEFAs. Among them, 438 genes were upregulated and 575 were downregulated. The differentially expressed genes were enriched in pathways related to metabolism, inflammation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Conclusions The pathways and upstream regulators suggested that the cocultured GCs responded to the elevated NEFAs with (1) inhibition of the transition from granulosa to luteal cell, (2) interactions of metabolism change, anti-inflammation, mitochondrial function, and cell transition, (3) intercommunication with cocultured COCs of anti-inflammatory factors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-021-00904-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meihong Shi
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-André Sirard
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Département des Sciences Animales, Pavillon Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nan J, Lee JS, Lee SA, Lee DS, Park KS, Chung SS. An Essential Role of the N-Terminal Region of ACSL1 in Linking Free Fatty Acids to Mitochondrial β-Oxidation in C2C12 Myotubes. Mol Cells 2021; 44:637-646. [PMID: 34511469 PMCID: PMC8490201 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Free fatty acids are converted to acyl-CoA by long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSLs) before entering into metabolic pathways for lipid biosynthesis or degradation. ACSL family members have highly conserved amino acid sequences except for their N-terminal regions. Several reports have shown that ACSL1, among the ACSLs, is located in mitochondria and mainly leads fatty acids to the β-oxidation pathway in various cell types. In this study, we investigated how ACSL1 was localized in mitochondria and whether ACSL1 overexpression affected fatty acid oxidation (FAO) rates in C2C12 myotubes. We generated an ACSL1 mutant in which the N-terminal 100 amino acids were deleted and compared its localization and function with those of the ACSL1 wild type. We found that ACSL1 adjoined the outer membrane of mitochondria through interaction of its N-terminal region with carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b (CPT1b) in C2C12 myotubes. In addition, overexpressed ACSL1, but not the ACSL1 mutant, increased FAO, and ameliorated palmitate-induced insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes. These results suggested that targeting of ACSL1 to mitochondria is essential in increasing FAO in myotubes, which can reduce insulin resistance in obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Nan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Ji Seon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Lee
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sung Soo Chung
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Vishnyakova KS, Popov KV, Pan X, Jasko MV, Yegorov YE. Long-Chain Free Fatty Acids Influence Lipid Accumulation, Lysosome Activation and Glycolytic Shift in Various Cells In Vitro. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
41
|
Rivera ME, Vaughan RA. Comparing the effects of palmitate, insulin, and palmitate-insulin co-treatment on myotube metabolism and insulin resistance. Lipids 2021; 56:563-578. [PMID: 34382222 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown various metabolic stressors such as saturated fatty acids (SFA) and excess insulin promote insulin resistance in metabolically meaningful cell types (such as skeletal muscle). Additionally, these stressors have been linked with suppressed mitochondrial metabolism, which is also a common characteristic of skeletal muscle of diabetics. This study characterized the individual and combined effects of excess lipid and excess insulin on myotube metabolism and related metabolic gene and protein expression. C2C12 myotubes were treated with either 500 μM palmitate (PAM), 100 nM insulin (IR), or both (PAM-IR). qRT-PCR and western blot were used to measure metabolic gene and protein expression, respectively. Oxygen consumption was used to measure mitochondrial metabolism. Glycolytic metabolism and insulin-mediated glucose uptake were measured via extracellular acidification rate. Cellular lipid and mitochondrial content were measured using Nile Red and NAO staining, respectively. IR and PAM-IR treatments led to reductions in p-Akt expression. IR treatment reduced insulin mediated glucose metabolism while PAM and PAM-IR treatment showed increases with concurrent reductions in mitochondrial metabolism. All three treatments showed suppression in mitochondrial metabolism. PAM and PAM-IR also showed increases in glycolytic metabolism. While PAM and PAM-IR significantly increased lipid content, expression of inflammatory and lipogenic proteins were unaltered. Lastly, PAM-IR reduced BCAT2 protein expression, a regulator of BCAA metabolism. Both stressors independently reduced insulin signaling, mitochondrial function, and cell metabolism, however, only PAM-IR co-treatment significantly reduced the expression of regulators of metabolism not seen with individual stressors, suggesting an additive effect of stressors on metabolic programming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madison E Rivera
- Department of Exercise Science, High Point University, High Point, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roger A Vaughan
- Department of Exercise Science, High Point University, High Point, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Vázquez-Mosquera ME, Fernández-Moreno M, Cortés-Pereira E, Relaño S, Dalmao-Fernández A, Ramos-Louro P, Durán Sotuela A, Rego-Pérez I, Blanco FJ. Oleate Prevents Palmitate-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chondrocytes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:670753. [PMID: 34211401 PMCID: PMC8239231 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.670753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between obesity and osteoarthritis (OA) in joints not subjected to mechanical overload, together with the relationship between OA and metabolic syndrome, suggests that there are systemic factors related to metabolic disorders that are involved in the metabolic phenotype of OA. The aim of this work is study the effects of palmitate and oleate on cellular metabolism in an "in vitro" model of human chondrocytes. The TC28a2 chondrocyte cell line was used to analyze the effect of palmitate and oleate on mitochondrial and glycolytic function, Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and lipid droplets accumulation. Palmitate, but not oleate, produces mitochondrial dysfunction observed with a lower coupling efficiency, maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity. Glycolytic function showed lower rates both glycolytic capacity and glycolytic reserve when cells were incubated with fatty acids (FAs). The production rate of total and mitochondrial ATP showed lower values in chondrocytes incubated with palmitic acid (PA). The formation of lipid droplets increased in FA conditions, being significantly higher when the cells were incubated with oleic acid (OL). These results may help explain, at least in part, the close relationship of metabolic pathologies with OA, as well as help to elucidate some of the factors that can define a metabolic phenotype in OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Vázquez-Mosquera
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernández-Moreno
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Cortés-Pereira
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Sara Relaño
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Andrea Dalmao-Fernández
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Paula Ramos-Louro
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alejandro Durán Sotuela
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rego-Pérez
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Blanco
- Unidad de Genómica, Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología y Salud, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cytochrome P450-epoxygenated fatty acids inhibit Müller glial inflammation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9677. [PMID: 33958662 PMCID: PMC8102485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Free fatty acid dysregulation in diabetics may elicit the release of inflammatory cytokines from Müller cells (MC), promoting the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Palmitic acid (PA) is elevated in the sera of diabetics and stimulates the production of the DR-relevant cytokines by MC, including IL-1β, which induces the production of itself and other inflammatory cytokines in the retina as well. In this study we propose that experimental elevation of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase (CYP)-derived epoxygenated fatty acids, epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) and epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (EDP), will reduce PA- and IL-1β-induced MC inflammation. Broad-spectrum CYP inhibition by SKF-525a increased MC expression of inflammatory cytokines. Exogenous 11,12-EET and 19,20-EDP significantly decreased PA- and IL-1β-induced MC expression of IL-1β and IL-6. Both epoxygenated fatty acids significantly decreased IL-8 expression in IL-1β-induced MC and TNFα in PA-induced MC. Interestingly, 11,12-EET and 19,20-EDP significantly increased TNFα in IL-1β-treated MC. GSK2256294, a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor, significantly reduced PA- and IL-1β-stimulated MC cytokine expression. 11,12-EET and 19,20-EDP were also found to decrease PA- and IL-1β-induced NFκB-dependent transcriptional activity. These data suggest that experimental elevation of 11,12-EET and 19,20-EDP decreases MC inflammation in part by blocking NFκB-dependent transcription and may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for inhibition of early retinal inflammation in DR.
Collapse
|
44
|
Sergi D, Luscombe-Marsh N, Heilbronn LK, Birch-Machin M, Naumovski N, Lionetti L, Proud CG, Abeywardena MY, O'Callaghan N. The Inhibition of Metabolic Inflammation by EPA Is Associated with Enhanced Mitochondrial Fusion and Insulin Signaling in Human Primary Myotubes. J Nutr 2021; 151:810-819. [PMID: 33561210 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustained fuel excess triggers low-grade inflammation that can drive mitochondrial dysfunction, a pivotal defect in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate whether inflammation in skeletal muscle can be prevented by EPA, and if this is associated with an improvement in mitochondrial fusion, membrane potential, and insulin signaling. METHODS Human primary myotubes were treated for 24 h with palmitic acid (PA, 500 μM) under hyperglycemic conditions (13 mM glucose), which represents nutrient overload, and in the presence or absence of EPA (100 μM). After the treatments, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PPARGC1A) and IL6 was assessed by q-PCR. Western blot was used to measure the abundance of the inhibitor of NF-κB (IKBA), mitofusin-2 (MFN2), mitochondrial electron transport chain complex proteins, and insulin-dependent AKT (Ser473) and AKT substrate 160 (AS 160; Thr642) phosphorylation. Mitochondrial dynamics and membrane potential were evaluated using immunocytochemistry and the JC-1 (tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide) dye, respectively. Data were analyzed using 1-factor ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test. RESULTS Nutrient excess activated the proinflammatory NFκB signaling marked by a decrease in IKBA (40%; P < 0.05) and the upregulation of IL6 mRNA (12-fold; P < 0.001). It also promoted mitochondrial fragmentation (53%; P < 0.001). All these effects were counteracted by EPA. Furthermore, nutrient overload-induced drop in mitochondrial membrane potential (6%; P < 0.05) was prevented by EPA. Finally, EPA inhibited fuel surplus-induced impairment in insulin-mediated phosphorylation of AKT (235%; P < 0.01) and AS160 (49%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS EPA inhibited NFκB signaling, which was associated with an attenuation of the deleterious effects of PA and hyperglycemia on both mitochondrial health and insulin signaling in human primary myotubes. Thus, EPA might preserve skeletal muscle metabolic health during sustained fuel excess but this requires confirmation in human clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Natalie Luscombe-Marsh
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Leonie K Heilbronn
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Nutrition, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Lilla' Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli," University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Christopher G Proud
- Nutrition, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mahinda Y Abeywardena
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathan O'Callaghan
- Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Beaulieu J, Costa G, Renaud J, Moitié A, Glémet H, Sergi D, Martinoli MG. The Neuroinflammatory and Neurotoxic Potential of Palmitic Acid Is Mitigated by Oleic Acid in Microglial Cells and Microglial-Neuronal Co-cultures. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3000-3014. [PMID: 33604780 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and is now accepted as a common molecular feature underpinning neuronal damage and death. Palmitic acid (PA) may represent one of the links between diet and neuroinflammation. The aims of this study were to assess whether PA induced toxicity in neuronal cells by modulating microglial inflammatory responses and/or by directly targeting neurons. We also determined the potential of oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated fatty acid, to counteract inflammation and promote neuroprotection. We measured the ability of PA to induce the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), the induction of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signalling pathways, as well as the phosphorylation of c-Jun, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Finally, to determine whether PA exerted an indirect neurotoxic effect on neuronal cells, we employed a microglia-neuron co-culture paradigm where microglial cells communicate with neuronal cells in a paracrine fashion. Herein, we demonstrate that PA induces the activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway and c-Jun phosphorylation in N9 microglia cells, in the absence of increased cytokine secretion. Moreover, our data illustrate that PA exerts an indirect as well as a direct neurotoxic role on neuronal PC12 cells and these effects are partially prevented by OA. These results are important to establish that PA interferes with neuronal homeostasis and suggest that dietary PA, when consumed in excess, may induce neuroinflammation and possibly concurs in the development of neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Beaulieu
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Giulia Costa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neurosciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Justine Renaud
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Moitié
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Glémet
- Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition & Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Maria-Grazia Martinoli
- Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, G9A 5H7, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry & Neurosciences, Université Laval and CHU Research Center, Québec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xue M, Zhang F, Ji X, Yu H, Jiang X, Qiu Y, Yu J, Chen J, Yang F, Bao Z. Oleate Ameliorates Palmitate-Induced Impairment of Differentiative Capacity in C2C12 Myoblast Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:289-300. [PMID: 33430700 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A common observation in metabolic disorders and aging is the elevation of free fatty acids (FFAs), which can form ectopic fat deposition and result in lipotoxicity. Ectopic fat deposition of skeletal muscle has been recognized as an important component of aging, frailty, and sarcopenia. Previous studies have suggested that lipotoxicity caused by FFAs mainly stemmed from saturated fatty acids and decreased unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio in serum are also observed among metabolic disorder patients. However, the different effects of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids on skeletal muscle are not fully elucidated. In this study, we verified that palmitate (PA), a saturated fatty acid, could lead to impaired differentiative capacity of C2C12 myoblasts by affecting Pax7, MyoD, and myogenin (MyoG), which are master regulators of lineage specification and the myogenic program. Then, oleate (OA), a monounsaturated fatty acid, were added to culture medium together with PA. Results showed that OA could ameliorate the impairment of differentiative capacity in C2C12 myoblast cells. In addition, we found PI3K/Akt signaling pathway played an important role during the process by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The positive effect of OA on myoblast differentiative capacity disappeared if PI3K inhibitor LY294002 was added. In conclusion, our study showed that PA could destroy differentiative capacity of C2C12 myoblasts by affecting the expression of Pax7, MyoD, and MyoG, and OA could improve this impairment through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Xue
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Ji
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Huiyuan Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Qiu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiaming Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Bao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pavlović K, Lalić N. Cell models for studying muscle insulin resistance. MEDICINSKI PODMLADAK 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/mp72-31381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world today. Insulin resistance - a reduced responsiveness of tissues to insulin - is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes pathology. Skeletal muscle plays a pivotal role in glucose homeostasis - it is responsible for the majority of insulin-mediated glucose disposal and thus is one of the tissues most affected by insulin resistance. To study the molecular mechanisms of a disease, researchers often turn to cell models - they are inexpensive, easy to use, and exist in a controlled environment with few unknown variables. Cell models for exploring muscle insulin resistance are constructed using primary cell cultures or immortalised cell lines and treating them with fatty acids, high insulin or high glucose concentrations. The choice of cell culture, concentration and duration of the treatment and the methods for measuring insulin sensitivity, in order to confirm the model, are rarely discussed. Choosing an appropriate and physiologically relevant model for a particular topic of interest is required in order for the results to be reproducible, relevant, comparable and translatable to more complex biological systems. Cell models enable research that would otherwise be inaccessible but, especially when studying human disease, they do not serve a purpose if they are not in line with the biological reality. This review aims to summarise and critically evaluate the most commonly used cell models of muscle insulin resistance: the rationale for choosing these exact treatments and conditions, the protocols for constructing the models and the measurable outcomes used for confirming insulin resistance in the cells.
Collapse
|
48
|
Rehman K, Haider K, Jabeen K, Akash MSH. Current perspectives of oleic acid: Regulation of molecular pathways in mitochondrial and endothelial functioning against insulin resistance and diabetes. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2020; 21:631-643. [PMID: 32125563 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09549-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading cause of deaths due to metabolic disorders in recent years. Molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation and development of IR and T2DM are multiples. The major factors include mitochondrial dysfunction which may cause incomplete fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Oleic acid upregulates the expression of genes causing FAO by deacetylation of PGC1α by PKA-dependent activation of SIRT1-PGC1α complex. Another potent factor for the development of IR and T2DM is endothelial dysfunction as damaged endothelium causes increased release of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, sVCAM, sICAM, E-selectin and other proinflammatory cytokines. While, on the other hand, oleic acid has the ability to regulate E-selectin, and sICAM expression. Rest of the risk factors may include inflammation, β-cell dysfunction, oxidative stress, hormonal imbalance, apoptosis, and enzyme dysregulation. Here, we have highlighted how oleic acid regulates underlying causatives factors and hence, keeps surpassing effect in prevention and treatment of IR and T2DM. However, the percentage contribution of these factors in combating IR and ultimately averting T2DM is still debatable. Thus, because of its exceptional protective effect, it can be considered as an improved therapeutic agent in prophylaxis and/or treatment of IR and T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Kamran Haider
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Komal Jabeen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Li C, Kang B, Zhang T, Gu H, Song P, Chen J, Wang X, Xu B, Zhao W, Zhang J. Dietary Pattern and Dietary Energy from Fat Associated with Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Chinese People: A Cross-Sectional Study in Three Regions of China. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3689. [PMID: 33265923 PMCID: PMC7760936 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations between dietary patterns (DPs) and sarcopenia remain controversial, and fewer studies have mentioned the relationship between dietary energy composition and sarcopenia. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in three regions of China, to detect the associations between DPs and sarcopenia, and to identify the influencing nutrients. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for DP identification. Logistic regressions were performed to explore the associations between DPs and sarcopenia. Dietary nutrients and dietary energy composition were calculated and compared among different DPs. Three DPs were identified from 861 community-dwelling older people. The "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern was negatively associated with sarcopenia (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.14~0.77, p-trend = 0.009). Subjects in the highest quartile of the "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern showed more abundant intake (1.7 g/kg/d) of dietary protein, and lower percentage (31%) of energy from fat (PEF) than the other two DPs. Further analyses indicated that lower PEF (<30%) was negatively associated with sarcopenia. In conclusion, the "mushrooms-fruits-milk" pattern was negatively associated with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Chinese people. This pattern showed abundant protein intake and low PEF, which may partially contribute to its protective effect on sarcopenia. Therefore, besides protein, dietary fat and PEF may also be considered in the prevention and management of sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Bingxian Kang
- Wuyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 105 Shiji Road, Wuyuan 015100, China; (B.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Ting Zhang
- Yuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 23 Jiaochang West Road, Guangzhou 510030, China; (T.Z.); (B.X.)
| | - Hongru Gu
- Taicang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 36 Xianfu West Street, Taicang 215400, China;
| | - Pengkun Song
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jingyi Chen
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xile Wang
- Wuyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 105 Shiji Road, Wuyuan 015100, China; (B.K.); (X.W.)
| | - Bin Xu
- Yuexiu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 23 Jiaochang West Road, Guangzhou 510030, China; (T.Z.); (B.X.)
| | - Wenhua Zhao
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China; (C.L.); (P.S.); (J.C.); (W.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ren G, Bhatnagar S, Hahn DJ, Kim JA. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase-1 mediates the palmitic acid-induced inflammatory response in human aortic endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E893-E903. [PMID: 32954825 PMCID: PMC7790120 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00117.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Saturated fatty acid (SFA) induces proinflammatory response through a Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated mechanism, which is associated with cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction. Consistent with this notion, TLR2 or TLR4 knockout mice are protected from obesity-induced proinflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction. Although SFA causes endothelial dysfunction through TLR-mediated signaling pathways, the mechanisms underlying SFA-stimulated inflammatory response are not completely understood. To understand the proinflammatory response in vascular endothelial cells in high-lipid conditions, we compared the proinflammatory responses stimulated by palmitic acid (PA) and other canonical TLR agonists [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Pam3-Cys-Ser-Lys4 (Pam3CSK4), or macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2)] in human aortic endothelial cells. The expression profiles of E-selectin and the signal transduction pathways stimulated by PA were distinct from those stimulated by canonical TLR agonists. Inhibition of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSL) by a pharmacological inhibitor or knockdown of ACSL1 blunted the PA-stimulated, but not the LPS- or Pam3CSK4-stimulated proinflammatory responses. Furthermore, triacsin C restored the insulin-stimulated vasodilation, which was impaired by PA. From the results, we concluded that PA stimulates the proinflammatory response in the vascular endothelium through an ACSL1-mediated mechanism, which is distinct from LPS- or Pam3CSK4-stimulated responses. The results suggest that endothelial dysfunction caused by PA may require to undergo intracellular metabolism. This expands the understanding of the mechanisms by which TLRs mediate inflammatory responses in endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sushant Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
- UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Jeong-A Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
- UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| |
Collapse
|