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Voon PT, Ng CM, Ng YT, Wong YJ, Yap SY, Leong SL, Yong XS, Lee SWH. Health Effects of Various Edible Vegetable Oil: An Umbrella Review. Adv Nutr 2024:100276. [PMID: 39053603 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Vegetable oils, derived from diverse sources such as seeds, nuts, and some fruits, play a significant role in dietary health. However, the current evidence on the health effects of different types of vegetable oil consumption remains controversial. This umbrella review aims to synthesize evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses to assess the health outcomes associated with various vegetable oils. A comprehensive literature search was performed up to 31 July, 2023 on 12 databases for studies examining the association of different vegetable oils with health outcomes in adults. Data was extracted independently by 2 authors, with evidence strength assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation criteria. A total of 48 studies, including 206 meta-analyses, were included. Moderate to very low certainty evidence showed that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids such as canola oil, virgin olive oil, and rice bran oil are beneficial in reducing serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations. Conversely, low to very low certainty evidence suggests that oils high in saturated fats, such as coconut oil and palm oil, increase total cholesterol and LDL concentrations but also raise high-density lipoprotein concentrations. Very low certainty evidence showed the consumption of olive oil, sesame oil, and coconut oil could improve blood sugar control. Low certainty evidence showed olive oil consumption reduced risk of breast, digestive, and other cancers. Moderate to very low certainty evidence suggested that canola oil and sesame oil consumption reduced body weight. The consumption of vegetable oil appears to offer different health benefits, with summary estimates indicating beneficial effects on reducing lipid concentrations, especially with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated rich oils when consumed in recommended amounts. Future research should focus on long-term studies and comprehensive dietary assessments to better understand the health impacts of vegetable oils, providing a basis for informed dietary recommendations. This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42021239210.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phooi Tee Voon
- Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Nutrition Unit, Malaysian Palm Oil Board
| | - Choon Ming Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Yen Teng Ng
- Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Nutrition Unit, Malaysian Palm Oil Board
| | - Yen Jun Wong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Sia Yen Yap
- Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Nutrition Unit, Malaysian Palm Oil Board
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Fraga SRO, Zago L, Curioni CC. Olive Oil Consumption, Risk Factors, and Diseases: An Umbrella Review. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae091. [PMID: 39001794 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Olive oil is a vegetable oil that provides health benefits, including a reduction in free radicals and total cholesterol and prevention of chronic diseases. The escalating incidence of chronic diseases presents a substantial challenge to public health, prompting numerous studies to assess these health-related effects. Despite several systematic reviews and meta-analyses summarizing the association between olive oil consumption and specific health outcomes, there is no summary of the accumulated evidence from these reviews. OBJECTIVE This umbrella review summarizes the evidence on olive oil consumption or intervention in adults and its association with multiple risk factors and diseases. DATA SOURCES We retrieved systematic reviews of randomized trials or observational studies on oral interventions or the consumption of olive oil. The systematic search encompassed databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, and CENTRAL from inception to February 6, 2023. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers conducted data extraction and assessed methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. DATA ANALYSIS Overall, 17 systematic reviews of randomized trials and observational studies, covering outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes, glucose metabolism, inflammatory and oxidative markers, and all-cause mortality, were included. The evidence suggests a beneficial association between olive oil consumption and cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality. However, the evidence was less definitive for inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, glucose metabolism, and blood lipid outcomes. Several meta-analyses revealed high heterogeneity and wide confidence intervals, along with a limited number of randomized clinical trials. CONCLUSION Given the high heterogeneity and low quality of evidence, further studies involving randomized trials are imperative. Prioritizing an in-depth analysis of specific olive oil components and using a control group with distinct characteristics and different effects is strongly recommended. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022357290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyrlei R O Fraga
- Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Health, Nutrition Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Lilia Zago
- Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Cintia C Curioni
- Department of Social Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-170, Brazil
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Olive J, Wong THT, Chik F, Tan SY, George ES. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors around Dietary Fats among People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:2185. [PMID: 39064629 PMCID: PMC11279953 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) surrounding dietary fat intake among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and healthcare professionals. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, four databases were searched to identify studies published between 1995 and 2023 reporting people with T2DM or healthcare professionals that measured KAB towards dietary fat. This work was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020140247). Twenty-four studies were included. Studies assessed knowledge of people with T2DM and reported poor nutrition knowledge regarding the health effect of fat consumption. Two opposing attitudes towards dietary fat was reported: (1) dietary fat should be limited, (2) promoted dietary fat intake through a low-carbohydrate diet. Participants reported behaviors of limiting fat intake, including trimming visible fat or choosing lower-fat alternatives. Total fat intake ranged between 10 and 66% of participants' total energy intake, while saturated fat intake ranged between 10 and 17%. People with T2DM reported poor knowledge of dietary fats in particular, and they were frequently unable to identify high-fat food. Attitudes towards dietary fat were heterogenous, and regarding behaviors, saturated fat intake was higher than recommended. Future studies should assess the KAB of people with T2DM based on dietary fat subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Olive
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (J.O.); (F.C.); (S.-Y.T.)
| | - Tommy Hon Ting Wong
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong;
| | - Faye Chik
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (J.O.); (F.C.); (S.-Y.T.)
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (J.O.); (F.C.); (S.-Y.T.)
| | - Elena S. George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (J.O.); (F.C.); (S.-Y.T.)
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Nagra M, Tsam F, Ward S, Ur E. Animal vs Plant-Based Meat: A Hearty Debate. Can J Cardiol 2024; 40:1198-1209. [PMID: 38934982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) are highly processed food products that typically replace meat in the diet. In Canada, the growing demand for PBMAs coincides with public health recommendations to reduce ultra-processed food consumption, which prompts the need to investigate the long-term health implications of PBMAs. This review assesses the available literature on PBMAs and cardiovascular disease (CVD), including an evaluation of their nutritional profile and impact on CVD risk factors. Overall, the nutritional profiles of PBMAs vary considerably but generally align with recommendations for improving cardiovascular health; compared with meat, PBMAs are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in polyunsaturated fat and dietary fibre. Some dietary trials that have replaced meat with PBMAs have reported improvements in CVD risk factors, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B-100, and body weight. No currently available evidence suggests that the concerning aspects of PMBAs (eg, food processing and high sodium content) negate the potential cardiovascular benefits. We conclude that replacing meat with PBMAs may be cardioprotective; however, long-term randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that evaluate CVD events (eg, myocardial infarction, stroke) are essential to draw more definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nagra
- Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Felicia Tsam
- Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Shaun Ward
- Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ehud Ur
- Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Gkouvi A, Tsiogkas SG, Bogdanos DP, Gika H, Goulis DG, Grammatikopoulou MG. Proteomics in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024; 28:565-586. [PMID: 38652420 PMCID: PMC11271354 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01244-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a disease of unknown pathophysiology, with the diagnosis being based on a set of clinical criteria. Proteomic analysis can provide significant biological information for the pathophysiology of the disease but may also reveal biomarkers for diagnosis or therapeutic targets. The present systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence regarding the proteome of adult patients with FMS using data from observational studies. RECENT FINDINGS An extensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL, and clinicaltrials.gov from inception until November 2022. The study protocol was published in OSF. Two independent reviewers evaluated the studies and extracted data. The quality of studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale adjusted for proteomic research. Ten studies fulfilled the protocol criteria, identifying 3328 proteins, 145 of which were differentially expressed among patients with FMS against controls. The proteins were identified in plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva samples. The control groups included healthy individuals and patients with pain (inflammatory and non-inflammatory). The most important proteins identified involved transferrin, α-, β-, and γ-fibrinogen chains, profilin-1, transaldolase, PGAM1, apolipoprotein-C3, complement C4A and C1QC, immunoglobin parts, and acute phase reactants. Weak correlations were observed between proteins and pain sensation, or quality of life scales, apart from the association of transferrin and a2-macroglobulin with moderate-to-severe pain sensation. The quality of included studies was moderate-to-good. FMS appears to be related to protein dysregulation in the complement and coagulation cascades and the metabolism of iron. Several proteins may be dysregulated due to the excessive oxidative stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arriana Gkouvi
- Unit of Immunonutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Tsiogkas
- Unit of Immunonutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Unit of Immunonutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Helen Gika
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Biomic_AUTh, Balkan Center Thermi B1.4, GR-57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria G Grammatikopoulou
- Unit of Immunonutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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6
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Kanukula R, McKenzie JE, Bero L, Dai Z, McDonald S, Kroeger CM, Korevaar E, Forbes A, Page MJ. Investigation of bias due to selective inclusion of study effect estimates in meta-analyses of nutrition research. Res Synth Methods 2024; 15:524-542. [PMID: 38316613 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to explore, in a sample of systematic reviews (SRs) with meta-analyses of the association between food/diet and health-related outcomes, whether systematic reviewers selectively included study effect estimates in meta-analyses when multiple effect estimates were available. We randomly selected SRs of food/diet and health-related outcomes published between January 2018 and June 2019. We selected the first presented meta-analysis in each review (index meta-analysis), and extracted from study reports all study effect estimates that were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. We calculated the Potential Bias Index (PBI) to quantify and test for evidence of selective inclusion. The PBI ranges from 0 to 1; values above or below 0.5 suggest selective inclusion of effect estimates more or less favourable to the intervention, respectively. We also compared the index meta-analytic estimate to the median of a randomly constructed distribution of meta-analytic estimates (i.e., the estimate expected when there is no selective inclusion). Thirty-nine SRs with 312 studies were included. The estimated PBI was 0.49 (95% CI 0.42-0.55), suggesting that the selection of study effect estimates from those reported was consistent with a process of random selection. In addition, the index meta-analytic effect estimates were similar, on average, to what we would expect to see in meta-analyses generated when there was no selective inclusion. Despite this, we recommend that systematic reviewers report the methods used to select effect estimates to include in meta-analyses, which can help readers understand the risk of selective inclusion bias in the SRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Kanukula
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne E McKenzie
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa Bero
- Center for Bioethics and Humanities, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Zhaoli Dai
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sally McDonald
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cynthia M Kroeger
- Charles Perkins Centre, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Korevaar
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Forbes
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew J Page
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Bouzas C, García S, Mateos D, Casares M, Gómez C, Ugarriza L, Tur JA, Sureda A. Effects of a Two-Year Lifestyle Intervention on Intrahepatic Fat Reduction and Renal Health: Mitigation of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress, a Randomized Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:754. [PMID: 39061823 PMCID: PMC11273830 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease observed in clinical practice worldwide. This disorder has been independently associated with an increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a 2-year intervention based on a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity focussed on reducing intrahepatic fat contents (IFC) was associated with a decreased risk of CKD. Forty adults (50% women) residing in Mallorca, aged 48 to 60 years, diagnosed with MAFLD were recruited. Participants were divided into two groups based on whether they improved IFC measured by nuclear magnetic resonance. Anthropometric and clinical parameters improved in responders, including reduced weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Only responders showed improvements in lipid profile and liver enzymes. Haematological parameters showed favourable changes in both groups. Oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers differed between groups. Responders had lower plasma interleukine-18 (IL-18) levels, but higher erythrocyte malonaldehyde (MDA) levels. Non-responders showed increased erythrocyte catalase and superoxide dismutase activity. After 2 years, non-responders had higher serum creatinine, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) levels, while responders showed reductions in these parameters together with uric acid and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Positive correlations were found between changes in IFC and kidney injury biomarkers, including MDRD and serum creatinine levels. In conclusion, a healthy diet based on the Mediterranean dietary pattern and lifestyle promotes significant improvements in parameters related to cardiovascular, hepatic, and renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Silvia García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - David Mateos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Casares
- Radiodiagnosis Service, Red Asistencial Juaneda, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Cristina Gómez
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, 07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- C.S. Camp Redó, IBSalut, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.Q.-L.); (M.M.-M.); (C.B.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (L.U.); (A.S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Ge Q, Yan Y, Luo Y, Teng T, Cao C, Zhao D, Zhang J, Li C, Chen W, Yang B, Yi Z, Chang T, Chen X. Dietary supplements: clinical cholesterol-lowering efficacy and potential mechanisms of action. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:349-368. [PMID: 38659110 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2342301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to analyse the efficacy of dietary supplements in reducing plasma cholesterol levels. Focusing on evidence from meta-analyses of randomised controlled clinical trials, with an emphasis on potential mechanisms of action as supported by human, animal, and cell studies. Certain dietary supplements including phytosterols, berberine, viscous soluble dietary fibres, garlic supplements, soy protein, specific probiotic strains, and certain polyphenol extracts could significantly reduce plasma total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels by 3-25% in hypercholesterolemic patients depending on the type of supplement. They tended to be more effective in reducing plasma LDL cholesterol level in hypercholesterolemic individuals than in normocholesterolemic individuals. These supplements worked by various mechanisms, such as enhancing the excretion of bile acids, inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol in the intestines, increasing the expression of hepatic LDL receptors, suppressing the activity of enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis, and activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ge
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology Development Strategy and Information, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tai Teng
- Ningxia Guolong Hospital Co., LTD, Yinchuan, China
| | - Caixia Cao
- People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Danqing Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Binkun Yang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zicheng Yi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengwen Chang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Agricultural Products, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
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Ke Y, Fan H, Zhao Y, Fu X, Wang M, Gao Y, Chen Y, Huo W, Zhang W, Wang L, Wu Y, Li X, Zhang D, Hu F, Zhang M, Sun L, Lu J, Hu D. Olive oil intake and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Food Funct 2024; 15:4668-4681. [PMID: 38568797 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05246j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Background: Currently, the reported links between olive oil intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer morbidity and mortality, and all-cause mortality are inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis is to study the reported correlations of olive oil intake with CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and cancer incidence and mortality, and all-cause mortality. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched until March 7, 2024. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by the random-effects model. Nonlinear dose-response relationships were modeled with restricted cubic splines. This study has been registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023419001). Results: Overall, 30 articles covering 2 710 351 participants were identified. Higher olive oil intake was linked with a reduced risk of CVD incidence (RR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.93), CHD incidence (RR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.99), CVD mortality (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.88), and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.89). For a 10 g d-1 increment of olive oil intake, the risk of CVD incidence, stroke incidence, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality decreased by 7%, 5%, 8%, and 8%, respectively. No association was found between olive oil intake and cancer incidence and mortality. Nonlinear relationships between olive oil intake and CVD and all-cause mortality were observed, with a reduced risk from intakes ranging from 0 to 18 g d-1 and 0 to 22 g d-1, respectively. Conclusion: Our study found that high olive oil intake was related to a lower risk of CVD and CHD incidence and CVD mortality and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Ke
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haohao Fan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueru Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yajuan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaobing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weifeng Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Longkang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Quetglas-Llabrés MM, Monserrat-Mesquida M, Bouzas C, García S, Argelich E, Casares M, Ugarriza L, Llompart I, Tur JA, Sureda A. Impact of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Antioxidant Status and Metabolic Parameters in NAFLD Patients: A 24-Month Lifestyle Intervention Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:480. [PMID: 38671927 PMCID: PMC11047536 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is recognized as a healthy dietary pattern. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in the liver. OBJECTIVES To assess the antioxidant status in erythrocytes, plasma, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of NAFLD patients following a 24-month lifestyle intervention based on the MedDiet. Adult patients (n = 40; aged 40-60 years) diagnosed with NAFLD by magnetic resonance imaging were divided into two groups based on their adherence to the MedDiet. Consumption was assessed using a validated 143-item semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Anthropometrics, biochemistry parameters, intrahepatic fat contents (IFC), antioxidants, and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in plasma and erythrocytes before and after the intervention. RESULTS After the intervention, body mass index (BMI) and plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-chol), triglycerides, malondialdehyde (MDA), and cytokeratin-18 (CK18) decreased, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol) increased. Participants with high adherence to MedDiet showed lower IFC, hepatic enzyme (AST, ALT, and GGT), glycemia, oxidase LDL (oxLDL) plasma levels, and erythrocyte MDA levels. Higher antioxidant activity (erythrocyte catalase-CAT, superoxide dismutase-SOD, glutathione peroxidase-GPx, glutathione reductase-GRd, and total glutathione-GSH as well as PBMCs-CAT gene expression) was observed in these patients, along with a reduction of PBMCs reactive oxygen species production and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression. Inverse associations were observed between adherence to the MedDiet and BMI, glycemia, AST, IFC, and CK18 plasma levels and oxLDL, CAT, SOD, and GRd activities in erythrocytes. A significant linear regression was observed between adherence to the MedDiet and antioxidant score. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to the MedDiet is associated with improved plasma and PBMC antioxidant and inflammatory biomarker profiles and high antioxidant defences in erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Silvia García
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Emma Argelich
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Miguel Casares
- Radiodiagnosis Service, Red Asistencial Juaneda, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- C.S. Camp Redó, IBSalut, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Isabel Llompart
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Clinical Analysis Service, University Hospital Son Espases, 07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (M.M.-M.); (I.L.); (A.S.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
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11
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Hu FB. Diet strategies for promoting healthy aging and longevity: An epidemiological perspective. J Intern Med 2024; 295:508-531. [PMID: 37867396 PMCID: PMC10939982 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, global life expectancies have risen significantly, accompanied by a marked increase in chronic diseases and population aging. This narrative review aims to summarize recent findings on the dietary factors influencing chronic diseases and longevity, primarily from large cohort studies. First, maintaining a healthy weight throughout life is pivotal for healthy aging and longevity, mirroring the benefits of lifelong, moderate calorie restriction in today's obesogenic food environment. Second, the specific types or food sources of dietary fat, protein, and carbohydrates are more important in influencing chronic disease risk and mortality than their quantity. Third, some traditional diets (e.g., the Mediterranean, Nordic, and Okinawa) and contemporary dietary patterns, such as healthy plant-based diet index, the DASH (dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet, and alternate healthy eating index, have been associated with lower mortality and healthy longevity. These patterns share many common components (e.g., a predominance of nutrient-rich plant foods; limited red and processed meats; culinary herbs and spices prevalent in global cuisines) while embracing distinct elements from different cultures. Fourth, combining a healthy diet with other lifestyle factors could extend disease-free life expectancies by 8-10 years. While adhering to core principles of healthy diets, it is crucial to adapt dietary recommendations to individual preferences and cultures as well as nutritional needs of aging populations. Public health strategies should aim to create a healthier food environment where nutritious options are readily accessible, especially in public institutions and care facilities for the elderly. Although further mechanistic studies and human trials are needed to better understand molecular effects of diet on aging, there is a pressing need to establish and maintain long-term cohorts studying diet and aging in culturally diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank B. Hu
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. USA
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12
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Catherine Prater M, Polley KR, Cooper JA. Improvements in markers of inflammation and coagulation potential following a 5-day high-fat diet rich in cottonseed oil vs. Olive oil in healthy males. Cytokine 2024; 175:156494. [PMID: 38171039 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation is believed to be a risk factor for chronic diseases and is nutritionally responsive. Cottonseed oil (CSO), which is rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fats, has been shown to lower cholesterol and other chronic disease risk factors. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to determine the comparative responses of markers of inflammation and coagulation potential of healthy adult males consuming diets rich in CSO vs. olive oil (OO). METHODS Fifteen normal-weight males, ages 21.7 ± 2.58y, completed a randomized crossover trial. Each intervention consisted of a 3-day lead-in diet and a 5-day outpatient, controlled feeding intervention (CSO or OO). There was a 2 to 4-week washout period between interventions. The 5-day intervention diets were 35 % carbohydrate, 15 % protein, and 50 % fat, enriched with either CSO or OO (44 % of total energy from oil). At pre- and post- diet intervention visits, a fasting blood draw was collected for analysis of markers of inflammation (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP)) and coagulation potential (Tissue Factor (TF), Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)). RESULTS The CSO-enriched diets reduced TNF-α (CSO: -0.12 ± 0.02 pg/ml, OO: -0.01 ± 0.05 pg/ml; p < 0.01) and TF (CSO: -0.59 ± 0.68 pg/ml, OO: 1.13 ± 0.83 pg/ml; p = 0.02) compared to OO diets. There were no differences in IL-6, CRP, or PAI-1 between diets. CONCLUSION A 5-day, CSO-enriched diet may be sufficient to reduce inflammation and coagulation potential compared to OO-enriched diets in a healthy male population which could have implications in chronic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Catherine Prater
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kristine R Polley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, 330 River Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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13
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Sarda B, Kesse-Guyot E, Deschamps V, Ducrot P, Galan P, Hercberg S, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Srour B, Fezeu LK, Touvier M, Julia C. Consistency of the Initial and Updated Version of the Nutri-Score with Food-Based Dietary Guidelines: A French Perspective. J Nutr 2024; 154:1027-1038. [PMID: 38311063 PMCID: PMC10942857 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To help consumers to make healthier food choices, 7 European countries have implemented the front-of-pack nutrition label Nutri-Score. The algorithm was updated in 2022-2023 by the Nutri-Score European scientific committee, based on the current scientific knowledge. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the consistency of the newly internationally developed algorithm with the French food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) and compare the respective performances of the initial and updated algorithm. METHODS Three complementary French food composition databases were used to access extensive coverage of the food supply in France (n = 46,752): the Oqali, OpenFoodFacts, and CIQUAL databases. Based on the French FBDG, a list of 41 criteria was defined by which the consistency between French FBDG and the Nutri-Score was assessed (eg, consumption of fresh vegetables is promoted in FBDG, thus the Nutri-Score should rate favorably such products). RESULTS Of all criteria, the initial algorithm met 63% (26/41) of them, whereas the revised algorithm met 85% (35/41) of them. Improvements achieved by the updated version of the Nutri-Score in alignment with the FBDG were particularly observed for high-fat products (ie, fatty fish, nuts, and seeds), sweet products (ie, ice creams and sweet spreads), salty products (ie, savory snacks and salted nuts), dairy beverages, and beverages with artificial sweeteners. CONCLUSIONS The Nutri-Score's updated nutrient profiling system appears to rate foods more consistently regarding the French dietary guidelines and improved the currently existing system. This work supports the implementation of the updated nutrient profiling system underlying Nutri-Score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barthelemy Sarda
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Valérie Deschamps
- Nutritional Epidemiology Surveillance Team (ESEN), Santé Publique France, The French Public Health Agency, Bobigny, France
| | - Pauline Ducrot
- Santé publique France, French national public health agency, F-94415, Saint- Maurice, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France; Public health Department, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
| | - Melanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Bernard Srour
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Leopold K Fezeu
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm, INRAE, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris Cité (CRESS), Bobigny, France; Public health Department, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Bobigny, France
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14
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Di Zazzo A, Barabino S, Fasciani R, Aragona P, Giannaccare G, Villani E, Rolando M. One Soul and Several Faces of Evaporative Dry Eye Disease. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1220. [PMID: 38592038 PMCID: PMC10932174 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The ocular surface system interacts with, reacts with, and adapts to the daily continuous insults, trauma, and stimuli caused by direct exposure to the atmosphere and environment. Several tissue and para-inflammatory mechanisms interact to guarantee such an ultimate function, hence maintaining its healthy homeostatic equilibrium. Evaporation seriously affects the homeostasis of the system, thereby becoming a critical trigger in the pathogenesis of the vicious cycle of dry eye disease (DED). Tear film lipid composition, distribution, spreading, and efficiency are crucial factors in controlling water evaporation, and are involved in the onset of the hyperosmolar and inflammatory cascades of DED. The structure of tear film lipids, and subsequently the tear film, have a considerable impact on tears' properties and main functions, leading to a peculiar clinical picture and specific management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Zazzo
- Ophthalmology Complex Operative Unit, Foundation Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Ophthalmology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Barabino
- Ocular Surface & Dry Eye Center, ASST Fatebenefratelli SACCO, Kilan Univeristy, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Romina Fasciani
- Ophthalmology Unit, “Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS”, 00128 Rome, Italy;
- Ophtalmology Unit, Catholic University of “Sacro Cuore”, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Aragona
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Hospital of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Eye Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Villani
- Eye Clinic, San Giuseppe Hospital, IRCCS Multimedica, University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Rolando
- Ocular Surface and Dry Eye Center, ISPRE Ophthalmics, 16129 Genoa, Italy;
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15
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Rosqvist F, Niinistö S. Fats and oils - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10487. [PMID: 38370114 PMCID: PMC10870979 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This scoping review for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 summarizes the available evidence on fats and oils from a food level perspective. A literature search for systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses was conducted in PubMed. There are few SRs and meta-analyses available that investigate the association between fats and oils (food level) and health outcomes; the majority report associations at the nutrient level (fatty acid classes). All identified SRs and meta-analyses were of low methodological quality, thus the findings and conclusions presented within this scoping review should be interpreted cautiously. Based on this limited evidence, the following results were indicated: the intake of olive oil may be associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and total mortality in prospective cohort studies. The intake of butter was not associated with the risk of CVD but may be related to slightly lower risk of T2D and higher risk of total mortality in prospective cohort studies. For cancer, the evidence is sparse and primarily based on case-control studies. The intake of olive oil may be associated with reduced risk of cancer, whereas the intake of butter may be associated with increased risk of certain cancer types. Butter increases LDL-cholesterol when compared to virtually all other fats and oils. Palm oil may increase LDL-cholesterol when compared to oils rich in MUFA or PUFA but may not have any effect on glucose or insulin. Coconut oil may increase LDL-cholesterol when compared to other plant oils but may decrease LDL-cholesterol when compared to animal fats rich in SFA. Canola/rapeseed oil may decrease LDL-cholesterol compared to olive oil, sunflower oil and sources of SFA and may also reduce body weight compared to other oils. Olive oil may decrease some inflammation markers but may not have a differential effect on LDL-cholesterol compared to other fats and oils. The effect on risk markers likely differs depending on the type/version of oil, for example, due to the presence of polyphenols, phytosterols and other minor components. Taken together, based on the available evidence, oils rich in unsaturated fat (e.g. olive oil, canola oil) are to be preferred over oils and fats rich in saturated fat (e.g. butter, tropical oils).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sari Niinistö
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Kanukula R, McKenzie JE, Cashin AG, Korevaar E, McDonald S, Mello AT, Nguyen PY, Saldanha IJ, Wewege MA, Page MJ. Variation observed in consensus judgments between pairs of reviewers when assessing the risk of bias due to missing evidence in a sample of published meta-analyses of nutrition research. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 166:111244. [PMID: 38142761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.111244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the risk of bias due to missing evidence in a sample of published meta-analyses of nutrition research using the Risk Of Bias due to Missing Evidence (ROB-ME) tool and determine inter-rater agreement in assessments. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We assembled a random sample of 42 meta-analyses of nutrition research. Eight assessors were randomly assigned to one of four pairs. Each pair assessed 21 randomly assigned meta-analyses, and each meta-analysis was assessed by two pairs. We calculated raw percentage agreement and chance corrected agreement using Gwet's Agreement Coefficient (AC) in consensus judgments between pairs. RESULTS Across the eight signaling questions in the ROB-ME tool, raw percentage agreement ranged from 52% to 100%, and Gwet's AC ranged from 0.39 to 0.76. For the risk-of-bias judgment, the raw percentage agreement was 76% (95% confidence interval 60% to 92%) and Gwet's AC was 0.47 (95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.80). In seven (17%) meta-analyses, either one or both pairs judged the risk of bias due to missing evidence as "low risk". CONCLUSION Our findings indicated substantial variation in assessments in consensus judgments between pairs for the signaling questions and overall risk-of-bias judgments. More tutorials and training are needed to help researchers apply the ROB-ME tool more consistently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Kanukula
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne E McKenzie
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aidan G Cashin
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Korevaar
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally McDonald
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Arthur T Mello
- Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Phi-Yen Nguyen
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian J Saldanha
- Center for Clinical Trials and Evidence Synthesis, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Wewege
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew J Page
- Methods in Evidence Synthesis Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Tirani SA, Poursalehi D, Lotfi K, Shahdadian F, Hajhashemy Z, Rouhani P, Saneei P. Adherence to Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay Diet in Relation to Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Concentrations and Metabolic Health Status in Adults. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102082. [PMID: 38351976 PMCID: PMC10862409 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is a lack of data regarding the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet and metabolic health. Objectives This study assessed the relation between MIND diet and metabolic health status relative to serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 527 adults (286 males and 241 females) recruited from 20 schools in 6 different educational districts of Isfahan, Iran. Dietary intakes of participants were collected by a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire, and MIND diet score was estimated. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, biochemical parameters, and BDNF concentrations were assessed for all participants. The metabolically unhealthy (MU) phenotype was determined based on blood pressure, glycemic and lipid profiles, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Results The frequency of MU phenotype among obese/overweight and normal-weight individuals was 79.5 % and 20.5 %, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, individuals in the top tertile of the MIND diet scores had 58 % lower odds of having the MU phenotype than individuals in the bottom tertile (odds ratios [ORs]: 0.42; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.20, 0.90). In the fully adjusted model, females and normal-weight individuals had 81 % (OR: 0.19; 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.83) and 89 % (OR: 0.11; 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.69) lower chance of developing the MU phenotype, respectively. In addition, significant inverse associations between adherence to the MIND diet and high-blood pressure and hypertriglyceridemia were found. No significant association was found between adherence to MIND diet and odds of low BDNF concentrations. Conclusions Adherence to MIND diet is inversely associated with odds of MU phenotype, especially among women and normal-weight individuals. BDNF concentration is not associated with MIND diet and MU status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Amani Tirani
- Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Donya Poursalehi
- Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Shahdadian
- Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajhashemy
- Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parisa Rouhani
- Students’ Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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18
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Morvaridzadeh M, Cohen AA, Heshmati J, Alami M, Berrougui H, Zoubdane N, Pizarro AB, Khalil A. Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Anthropometric Indices, Inflammatory and Cardiometabolic Markers: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. J Nutr 2024; 154:95-120. [PMID: 37977313 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large body of literature associated extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption with low risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, findings from clinical trials related to EVOO consumption on blood pressure, lipid profile, and anthropometric and inflammation parameters are not univocal. OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of EVOO consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory mediators. METHODS We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane up through 31 March, 2023, without any particular language limitations, in order to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of EVOO consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory mediators, and anthropometric indices. Outcomes were summarized as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated from Hedge's g and random-effects modeling. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran Q-statistic and quantified (I2). RESULTS Thirty-three trials involving 2020 participants were included. EVOO consumption was associated with a significant decrease in insulin (n = 10; SMD: -0.28; 95% CI: -0.51, -0.05; I2 = 48.57%) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance levels (HOMA-IR) (n = 9; SMD: -0.19; 95% CI: -0.35, -0.03; I2 = 00.00%). This meta-analysis indicated no significant effect of consuming EVOO on fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins, Apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I and B, lipoprotein a, blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor α levels (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present evidence supports a beneficial effect of EVOO consumption on serum insulin levels and HOMA-IR. However, larger well-designed RCTs are still required to evaluate the effect of EVOO on cardiometabolic risk biomarkers. This study was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42023409125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alan A Cohen
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mehdi Alami
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Nada Zoubdane
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Geriatrics Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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19
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Tarabanis C, Long C, Scolaro B, Heffron SP. Reviewing the cardiovascular and other health effects of olive oil: Limitations and future directions of current supplement formulations. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2326-2333. [PMID: 37788953 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We reviewed the literature to date for high-level evidence on the cardiovascular and other health effects of olive oil with a focus on the amount, frequency of use and type of olive oil consumed in prior studies. A total of twelve prospective cohort studies with sample sizes of at least 4000 individuals and one meta-analysis were identified. DATA SYNTHESIS The majority of cohorts followed individuals aged ≥55 years old, free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline but at high risk, over periods of 4-10 years and with daily consumption amounts of 10-35 g/day. With the exception of the PREDIMED cohort that employed extra virgin olive oil, most remaining studies did not differentiate between different types of olive oil. Taken together, the data suggests an association between greater olive oil consumption and a lower CVD incidence/mortality and stroke risk. We use this information to evaluate the use of commercially available, capsule-based olive oil dietary supplements and suggest future directions. Notably, achieving minimum total daily doses described in the aforementioned studies would be challenging with current market formulations of olive oil supplements dosed at 1-1.25 g/capsule. CONCLUSIONS Outside of mechanistic studies, little progress has been made in determining the olive oil component(s) underlying the observed health effects given the lack of compositional reporting and consistency across large scale human studies. We propose the use of supplements of varying composition, such as varying total phenolic content, in pragmatic trial designs focused on low-cost methodologies to address this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine Tarabanis
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Clarine Long
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bianca Scolaro
- Louisiana State University College of Science, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sean P Heffron
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, New York University Langone Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Orea-Tejeda A, Robles-Hernández R, González-Islas D, Jimenez-Gallardo L, Gochicoa-Rangel L, Castorena-Maldonado A, Hernández-Zenteno R, Montañez-Orozco A, Valderrábano-Salas B. Dynapenia and Sarcopenia in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome Hospitalized Patients Are Associated with Severe Reduction in Pulmonary Function. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6466. [PMID: 37892604 PMCID: PMC10607104 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After hospital discharge, post-COVID-19 syndrome has been observed to be associated with impaired diffusing capacity, respiratory muscle strength, and lung imaging abnormalities, in addition to loss of muscle mass/strength, sarcopenia, and obesity impact exercise tolerance, pulmonary functions, and overall prognosis. However, the relationship between lung function and the coexistence of obesity with low muscle strength and sarcopenia in post-COVID-19 patients remains poorly investigated. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the association between lung function and the coexistence of obesity with dynapenia and sarcopenia in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study included subjects who were hospitalized due to moderate to severe COVID-19, as confirmed by PCR testing. Subjects who could not be contacted, declined to participate, or died before the follow-up visit were excluded. RESULTS A total of 711 subjects were evaluated; the mean age was 53.64 ± 13.57 years, 12.4% had normal weight, 12.6% were dynapenic without obesity, 8.3% had sarcopenia, 41.6% had obesity, 21.2% had dynapenic obesity, and 3.8% had sarcopenic obesity. In terms of pulmonary function, the dynapenic subjects showed decreases of -3.45% in FEV1, -12.61 cmH2O in MIP, and -12.85 cmH2O in MEP. On the other hand, the sarcopenic subjects showed decreases of -6.14 cmH2O in MIP and -11.64 cmH2O in MEP. The dynapenic obesity group displayed a reduction of -12.13% in PEF. CONCLUSIONS In post-COVID-19 syndrome, dynapenia and sarcopenia-both with and without obesity-have been associated with lower lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Orea-Tejeda
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic, Cardiology Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.O.-T.)
| | - Robinson Robles-Hernández
- Department of Research in Tobacco Smoking and COPD at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas” 2, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Dulce González-Islas
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic, Cardiology Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.O.-T.)
| | - Luz Jimenez-Gallardo
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic, Cardiology Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.O.-T.)
| | - Laura Gochicoa-Rangel
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Armando Castorena-Maldonado
- Direction for Medical Care in Pneumology at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas” 4, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Rafael Hernández-Zenteno
- COPD Clinic at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Alvaro Montañez-Orozco
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic, Cardiology Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.O.-T.)
| | - Benigno Valderrábano-Salas
- Heart Failure and Respiratory Distress Clinic, Cardiology Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.O.-T.)
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21
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Mazza E, Troiano E, Mazza S, Ferro Y, Abbinante A, Agneta MT, Montalcini T, Pujia A. The impact of endometriosis on dietary choices and activities of everyday life: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1273976. [PMID: 37810932 PMCID: PMC10559972 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1273976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endometriosis is characterized by ectopic endometrial tissue and severe pain; frequently, women afflicted by this condition resort to non-medical interventions, such as dietary modifications. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of endometriosis on dietary patterns and quality of life. Methods An online survey was conducted among Italian women with endometriosis to gather self-reported demographic, clinical, dietary habit, and daily life data post-diagnosis. Results A total of 4,078 participants were included. Following an endometriosis diagnosis, 66% reported changes in eating habits, and 92% experienced a decline in daily life. Respondents chose dietary interventions: gluten-free (15%), anti-inflammatory (8%), Mediterranean (7.1%), or ketogenic (4%) diets, to improve health and reduce symptoms. The study revealed a shift in eating habits, with increased consumption of vegetables, fruits (10%), cereals, legumes (6.6%), and fish (4.5%), while reducing dairy products (18.4%), soy-containing foods (6.7%), and high saturated fats (8%). Eating habit changes correlated with endometriosis stages and worsened daily life. Educational level, endometriosis stages, years of symptoms, and eating habit changes linked to changes in daily life. Conclusion Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring eating behaviors to prevent unhealthy habits and malnutrition in women with endometriosis. Further studies are needed to evaluate how different diets impact symptoms and enhance daily life for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mazza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Technical Scientific Association of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics (ASAND), Palermo, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ersilia Troiano
- Technical Scientific Association of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics (ASAND), Palermo, Italy
- Direzione Socio-Educativa, Municipio Roma III Montesacro, Rome, Italy
| | - Santino Mazza
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Yvelise Ferro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonia Abbinante
- Italian Dental Hygienists Association (AIDI), Aosta, Italy
- Complex Operating Unit of Odontostomatology, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Agneta
- Italian Dental Hygienists Association (AIDI), Aosta, Italy
- Complex Operating Unit of Odontostomatology, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montalcini
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
- Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases, University Magna Græcia, Catanzaro, Italy
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22
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Liu X, Li Y, Wan X, Zhuang P, Wu Y, Zhang L, Ao Y, Yao J, Zhang Y, Jiao J. Association of Fish Oil Supplementation with Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Individuals with Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Prospective Study in the UK Biobank. Nutrients 2023; 15:3176. [PMID: 37513593 PMCID: PMC10386642 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between habitual intake of fish oil supplementation and the risk of developing CHD in patients with prediabetes and diabetes. Habitual use of fish oil was assessed by repeated questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Over a median follow-up of 11.6 years, 4304 and 3294 CHD cases were documented among 47,663 individuals with prediabetes and 22,146 patients with diabetes in the UK Biobank, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, the HRs (95% CI) of CHD were 0.91 (0.85-0.98) and 0.87 (0.80-0.95) for individuals utilizing fish oil supplementation compared with non-users among the participants with prediabetes and diabetes, respectively. Furthermore, we identified an inverse relationship between fish oil use and CHD incidence, which was significantly mediated by serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in individuals with prediabetes and by very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) in patients with diabetes at baseline. The inverse associations were consistent in the analyses stratified by potential confounders. In conclusion, the consumption of fish oil supplements was linked to decreased serum CRP and VLDL-C levels and subsequent CHD risk among adults with prediabetes and diabetes. Our findings highlight the important role of the habitual intake of fish oil supplements in preventing CHD in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuzhi Wan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lange Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yang Ao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianxin Yao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Pascual V, Díaz JL, Millán Nuñez-Cortés J, Pérez-Martínez P. Nutritional recommendations in the prevention and treatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2023; 35:155-163. [PMID: 36400610 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of a healthy diet, regular physical exercise and smoking cessation are the initial measures to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. In these patients, the nutritional quality of their diet should be improved, replacing foods with a greater atherogenic effect for others with a healthier effect. There is strong evidence that plant-based dietary patterns, low in saturated fatty acids, cholesterol and sodium, with a high content of fiber, potassium and unsaturated fatty acids, are beneficial and reduce the expression of cardiovascular risk factors. This document focuses on the role of nutrition in the prevention and treatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia, providing current evidence to serve as a tool for health professionals in its clinical management. To facilitate the reading of these recommendations, they are presented in a user-friendly table format, with a hierarchy of different levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Pascual
- Centro de Salud Palleter, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Castellón, España; Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España
| | - José Luis Díaz
- Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Unidad de Lípidos y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, España
| | - Jesús Millán Nuñez-Cortés
- Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
| | - Pablo Pérez-Martínez
- Grupo de Trabajo Dislipemia Aterogénica, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Grupo de Trabajo Nutrición y Estilo de Vida, Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis (SEA), España; Unidad de Lípidos y Arterioesclerosis, Universidad de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, España; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
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García-González A, Quintero-Flórez A, Ruiz-Méndez MV, Perona JS. Virgin Olive Oil Ranks First in a New Nutritional Quality Score Due to Its Compositional Profile. Nutrients 2023; 15:2127. [PMID: 37432257 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary oils play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy diet. However, with the increasing number of oils available, it became a challenging task for food producers and consumers to select the best oil for their needs. In this work, an easy-to-understand nutrition quality score was created, using a model that included beneficial lipid compounds criteria according to the dietary recommendations published by international food and health organizations. The algorithm assigned points for each component of the model considering their content in each particular oil. The points were added up and the fats and oils were classified by the corresponding percentile. As a result, among the 32 edible oils that were evaluated, virgin olive oil ranked first with a score of 100. All plant oils, except for margarine and coconut oil, ranked above the 50th percentile. Receiver-operator curves and regression models showed that saturated fatty acids may be able to predict the score, and thus, the nutritional quality of the oils. In conclusion, the proposed nutritional quality score would promote healthy and nutritious food options for consumers and would provide food producers with a valuable tool to select high-quality oils for their products, ensuring that they meet the nutritional requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aída García-González
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, University of Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Angelica Quintero-Flórez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Javier S Perona
- Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain
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25
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Russo C, Maugeri A, Albergamo A, Dugo G, Navarra M, Cirmi S. Protective Effects of a Red Grape Juice Extract against Bisphenol A-Induced Toxicity in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. TOXICS 2023; 11:391. [PMID: 37112618 PMCID: PMC10145567 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) occurs through the ingestion of contaminated food and water, thus leading to endothelial dysfunction, the first signal of atherosclerosis. Vitis vinifera L. (grape) juice is well known for its health-promoting properties, due to its numerous bioactive compounds among which are polyphenols. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of a red grape juice extract (RGJe) against the endothelial damage induced by BPA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as an in vitro model of endothelial dysfunction. Our results showed that RGJe treatment counteracted BPA-induced cell death and apoptosis in HUVECs, blocking caspase 3 and modulating p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. Moreover, RGJe demonstrated antioxidant properties in abiotic tests and in vitro, where it reduced BPA-induced reactive oxygen species as well as restored mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA integrity, and nitric oxide levels. Furthermore, RGJe reduced the increase of chemokines (IL-8, IL-1β, and MCP-1) and adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin), caused by BPA exposure, involved in the primary phase of atheromatous plaque formation. Overall, our results suggest that RGJe prevents BPA-induced vascular damage modulating specific intracellular mechanisms, along with protecting cells, owing to its antioxidant capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Ambrogina Albergamo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (G.D.)
- Science4Life s.r.l., a Spin-Off of the University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Images Sciences, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (G.D.)
- Science4Life s.r.l., a Spin-Off of the University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Santa Cirmi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.)
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Antonopoulou S, Demopoulos CA. Protective Effect of Olive Oil Microconstituents in Atherosclerosis: Emphasis on PAF Implicated Atherosclerosis Theory. Biomolecules 2023; 13:700. [PMID: 37189447 PMCID: PMC10135796 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a progressive vascular multifactorial process. The mechanisms underlining the initiating event of atheromatous plaque formation are inflammation and oxidation. Among the modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diet and especially the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), has been widely recognized as one of the healthiest dietary patterns. Olive oil (OO), the main source of the fatty components of the MedDiet is superior to the other "Mono-unsaturated fatty acids containing oils" due to the existence of specific microconstituents. In this review, the effects of OO microconstituents in atherosclerosis, based on data from in vitro and in vivo studies with special attention on their inhibitory activity against PAF (Platelet-Activating Factor) actions, are presented and critically discussed. In conclusion, we propose that the anti-atherogenic effect of OO is attributed to the synergistic action of its microconstituents, mainly polar lipids that act as PAF inhibitors, specific polyphenols and α-tocopherol that also exert anti-PAF activity. This beneficial effect, also mediated through anti-PAF action, can occur from microconstituents extracted from olive pomace, a toxic by-product of the OO production process that constitutes a significant ecological problem. Daily intake of moderate amounts of OO consumed in the context of a balanced diet is significant for healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smaragdi Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos A. Demopoulos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
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Vazquez-Aguilar A, Sanchez-Rodriguez E, Rodriguez-Perez C, Rangel-Huerta OD, Mesa MD. Metabolomic-Based Studies of the Intake of Virgin Olive Oil: A Comprehensive Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040472. [PMID: 37110130 PMCID: PMC10142154 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Virgin olive oil (VOO) is a high-value product from the Mediterranean diet. Some health and nutritional benefits have been associated with its consumption, not only because of its monounsaturated-rich triacylglycerols but also due to its minor bioactive components. The search for specific metabolites related to VOO consumption may provide valuable information to identify the specific bioactive components and to understand possible molecular and metabolic mechanisms implicated in those health effects. In this regard, metabolomics, considered a key analytical tool in nutritional studies, offers a better understanding of the regulatory functions of food components on human nutrition, well-being, and health. For that reason, the aim of the present review is to summarize the available scientific evidence related to the metabolic effects of VOO or its minor bioactive compounds in human, animal, and in vitro studies using metabolomics approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vazquez-Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Estefania Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Celia Rodriguez-Perez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus Melilla C/Santander, 52005 Melilla, Spain
| | | | - Maria D. Mesa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Primary Care Promotion of Maternal, Child and Women’s Health for Prevention of Adult Chronic Diseases Network (RD21/0012/0008), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Derakhshandeh‐Rishehri S, Kazemi A, Shim SR, Lotfi M, Mohabati S, Nouri M, Faghih S. Effect of olive oil phenols on oxidative stress biomarkers: A systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:2393-2402. [PMID: 37181304 PMCID: PMC10171518 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenolic content of olive oil has a role in cardiovascular protection. Some clinical trial studies demonstrated that phenolic compounds of olive oil have antioxidant activity which can protect macronutrients from oxidative damages. The aim of this study was to summarize the results of clinical trials which assessed the effects of high- versus low-phenol olive oil on oxidative stress biomarkers levels. We searched Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Embase up to July 2021. Eight clinical trials which evaluated the effect of the phenolic content of olive oil on oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), or ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were included the meta analysis. A significant decrease was observed in ox-LDL level (WMD: -0.29 U/L; 95% CI: -0.51, -0.07) and MDA (WMD: -1.82 μmoL/L; 95% CI: -3.13, -0.50). However, after subgroup analysis for MDA, the result was not significant for not serious limitation (SMD: -0.05, 95% CI: -0.35 to 0.24), but significant for serious limitation (SMD: -3.64, 95% CI: -4.29 to -2.99). Also, no significant change was found in FRAP (WMD: 0.0 mmoL/L; 95% CI: -0.03, 0.04) level. Dose-response analysis indicated a significant linear relationship between the phenolic content of olive oil and ox-LDL. The present study showed some beneficial effects of high-phenol compared with low-phenol olive oil on ox-LDL and MDA levels. According to the meta-regression analysis along with the increasing phenolic content of olive oil, a reduction in oxidative stress biomarkers was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asma Kazemi
- Nutrition Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Sung Ryul Shim
- Department of Preventive Medicine Korea University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Mostafa Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Shabnam Mohabati
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Nutrition Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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Tagliamonte S, De Luca L, Donato A, Paduano A, Balivo A, Genovese A, Romano R, Vitaglione P, Sacchi R. A ‘Mediterranean ice-cream’: Sensory and nutritional aspects of replacing milk cream with extra virgin olive oil. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Liamin M, Lara MP, Michelet O, Rouault M, Quintela JC, Le Bloch J. Olive juice dry extract containing hydroxytyrosol, as a nontoxic and safe substance: Results from pre-clinical studies and review of toxicological studies. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:245-260. [PMID: 36852231 PMCID: PMC9958074 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Products derived from olives, such as the raw fruit and oils, are widely consumed due to their taste, and purported nutritional/health benefits. Phenolic compounds, especially hydroxytyrosol (HT), have been proposed as one of the key substances involved in these effects. An olive juice extract, standardized to contain 20% HT ("OE20HT"), was produced to investigate its health benefits. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the genotoxic safety of this ingredient based on in vitro Ames assay and in vitro micronucleus assay. Results indicated that OE20HT was not mutagenic at concentrations of up to 5000 µg/plate, with or without metabolic activation, and was neither aneugenic nor clastogenic after 3-hour exposure at concentrations of up to 60 µg/mL with or without metabolic activation, or after 24-hour exposure at concentrations of up to 40 µg/mL. To further substantiate the safety of OE20HT following ingestion without conducting additional animal studies, a comprehensive literature review was conducted. No safety concerns were identified based on acute or sub-chronic studies in animals, including reproductive and developmental studies. These results were supported by clinical studies demonstrating the absence of adverse effects after oral supplementation with olive extracts or HT. Based on in vitro data and the literature review, the OE20HT extract is therefore considered as safe for human consumption at doses up to 2.5 mg/kg body weight/day.
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Key Words
- 2AA, 2-aminoanthracene
- 9AA, 9-aminoacridine
- CBI, Centre for the Promotion of Imports from developing countries
- CP, cyclophosphamide monohydrate
- EFSA, European Food Safety Authority
- Food product
- Genotoxicity
- HT, hydroxytyrosol
- Hydroxytyrosol
- MF, mutation factor
- MMC, mitomycin C
- MMS, methyl-methanesulfonate
- Mutagenicity
- NDP, 4-nitro-1,2-phenylene-diamine
- NOAEL, no observed adverse effect level
- OE20HT, olive juice dry extract titrated 20% hydroxytyrosol
- OECD, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
- Olive fruit extract
- PD, population doubling
- RICC, relative increase in cell count
- RPD, relative population doubling
- SAZ, sodium azide
- Safety
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Liamin
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France,Corresponding author.
| | - Maria Pilar Lara
- NATAC Biotech S.L., C/ Electrónica 7, 28923 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Michelet
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - Marie Rouault
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France
| | | | - Jérôme Le Bloch
- Nutraveris, A Food Chain ID Company, 6 rue de la gare, 22000 Saint-Brieuc, France
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Cortez-Ribeiro AC, Meireles M, Ferro-Lebres V, Almeida-de-Souza J. Olive oil consumption confers protective effects on maternal-fetal outcomes: A systematic review of the evidence. Nutr Res 2023; 110:87-95. [PMID: 36696715 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Because of the maternal diet's importance, numerous studies have examined the effects of olive oil on pregnancy outcomes. This study provides a systematic review that evaluates the evidence between olive oil consumption and maternal-fetal outcomes. We hypothesized that olive oil reduced the risk of adverse pregnancy complications. We searched Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde electronic databases (October and November 2021). The keywords used were pregnancy, olive oil, and pregnancy outcomes. This review included all the available studies in English and Portuguese. The exclusion criteria were (1) unrelated to olive oil consumption, (2) other outcomes, and (3) animal studies. The review included 9 articles (6 experimental and 3 observational). In the maternal outcome studies (n = 6), a higher olive oil consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, and cardiovascular risk. In the fetal outcome studies (n = 8), olive oil consumption was associated with a lower risk for small- or large-for-gestational-age infants. Olive oil consumption confers protective effects on pregnancy outcomes; however, further studies are needed that are specifically designed for the impact of olive oil consumption on maternal-fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuela Meireles
- Centro de Investigação da Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Vera Ferro-Lebres
- Centro de Investigação da Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Juliana Almeida-de-Souza
- Centro de Investigação da Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório para Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
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Mechanistic insights into dietary (poly)phenols and vascular dysfunction-related diseases using multi-omics and integrative approaches: Machine learning as a next challenge in nutrition research. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101101. [PMID: 35728999 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dietary (poly)phenols have been extensively studied for their vasculoprotective effects and consequently their role in preventing or delaying onsets of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Even though early studies have ascribed the vasculoprotective properties of (poly)phenols primarily on their putative free radical scavenging properties, recent data indicate that in biological systems, (poly)phenols act primarily through genomic and epigenomic mechanisms. The molecular mechanisms underlying their health properties are still not well identified, mainly due to the use of physiologically non-relevant conditions (native molecules or extracts at high concentrations, rather than circulating metabolites), but also due to the use of targeted genomic approaches aiming to evaluate the effect only on few specific genes, thus preventing to decipher detailed molecular mechanisms involved. The use of state-of-the-art untargeted analytical methods represents a significant breakthrough in nutrigenomics, as these methods enable detailed insights into the effects at each specific omics level. Moreover, the implementation of multi-omics approaches allows integration of different levels of regulation of cellular functions, to obtain a comprehensive picture of the molecular mechanisms of action of (poly)phenols. In combination with bioinformatics and the methods of machine learning, multi-omics has potential to make a huge contribution to the nutrition science. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the use of the omics, multi-omics, and integrative approaches in studying the vasculoprotective properties of dietary (poly)phenols and address the potentials for use of the machine learning in nutrigenomics.
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Only virgin type of olive oil consumption reduces the risk of mortality. Results from a Mediterranean population-based cohort. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:226-234. [PMID: 36241725 PMCID: PMC9908537 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the association between virgin olive oil (OO) and mortality is limited since no attempt has previously been made to discern about main OO varieties. OBJECTIVE We examined the association between OO consumption (differentiating by common and virgin varieties) and total as well as cause-specific long-term mortality METHODS: 12,161 individuals, representative of the Spanish population ≥18 years old, were recruited between 2008 and 2010 and followed up through 2019. Habitual food consumption was collected at baseline with a validated computerized dietary history. The association between tertiles of OO main varieties and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality were analyzed using Cox models. RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 10.7 years (129,272 person-years), 143 cardiovascular deaths, and 146 cancer deaths occurred. The hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality in the highest tertile of common and virgin OO consumption were 0.96 (0.75-1.23; P-trend 0.891) and 0.66 (0.49-0.90; P-trend 0.040). The HR for all-cause mortality per a 10 g/day increase in virgin OO was 0.91 (0.83-1.00). Virgin OO consumption was also inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality, with a HR of 0.43 (0.20-0.91; P-trend 0.017), but common OO was not, with a HR of 0.88 (0.49-1.60; P-trend 0.242). No variety of OO was associated with cancer mortality. CONCLUSION Daily moderate consumption of virgin OO (1 and 1/2 tablespoons) was associated with a one-third lower risk of all-cause as well as half the risk of cardiovascular mortality. These effects were not seen for common OO. These findings may be useful to reappraise dietary guidelines.
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Fateh HL, Muhammad SS, Kamari N. Associations between adherence to MIND diet and general obesity and lipid profile: A cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1078961. [PMID: 37113290 PMCID: PMC10126273 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1078961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The term "Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND)" has recently been coined to describe a new eating pattern. Recent research is looking at how this food pattern affects chronic illnesses. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between the use and adherence to the MIND diet with general obesity and blood lipid profile. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 1,328 Kurdish adults between the ages of 39 and 53 had their dietary intake evaluated using a valid and reliable 168-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Adherence to the MIND diet was examined based on the components advised in this eating pattern. Each subject's lipid profiles and anthropometric measurements were documented. Results The mean age and BMI in the study population were 46.16 ± 7.87 year and 27.19 ± 4.60 kg/m2, respectively. The chances of having increased serum triglycerides (TG) were 42% lower in those in the third tertile of the MIND diet score compared to those in the first tertile (ORs: 0.58; 95% CI 0.38-0.95; P = 0.001). In the crude model and after adjusting for confounders, lowering high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ORs: 0.72; 95% CI 0.55-1.15; P = 0.001). Conclusion We found that greater adherence to the MIND diet was associated with the decrease odds of general obesity and lipid profile. Further study is essential owing to the relevance of chronic diseases like MetS and obesity in health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawal Lateef Fateh
- Nursing Department, Kalar Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Sarmad S. Muhammad
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Kalar Technical College, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Negin Kamari
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- *Correspondence: Negin Kamari,
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Effects of camelina oil supplementation on lipid profile and glycemic control: a systematic review and dose‒response meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:132. [PMID: 36476379 PMCID: PMC9727906 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effectiveness of camelina oil supplementation (COS) on lipid profiles and glycemic indices. METHODS Relevant RCTs were selected by searching the ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases up to July 1, 2022. RTCs with an intervention duration of less than 2 weeks, without a placebo group, and those that used COS in combination with another supplement were excluded. Weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were pooled by applying a random-effects model, while validated methods examined sensitivity analyses, heterogeneity, and publication bias. RESULTS Seven eligible RCTs, including 428 individuals, were selected. The pooled analysis revealed that COS significantly improved total cholesterol in studies lasting more than 8 weeks and utilizing dosages lower than 30 g/d compared to the placebo group. The results of fractional polynomial modeling indicated that there were nonlinear dose-response relations between the dose of COS and absolute mean differences in low-density cholesterol, high-density cholesterol, and total cholesterol, but not triglycerides. It appears that the greatest effect of COS oil occurs at the dosage of 20 g/day. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis indicates that COS may reduce cardiovascular disease risk by improving lipid profile markers. Based on the results of this study, COS at dosages lower than 30 g/d may be a beneficial nonpharmacological strategy for lipid control. Further RCTs with longer COS durations are warranted to expand on these results.
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Preferences for dietary oils and fats in cooking and food preparation methods: a cross-sectional analysis of Australian adults. Br J Nutr 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36458481 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522003798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Dietary oils and fats contain different fatty acid compositions that are associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. Despite their influence on disease outcomes, the types of dietary oils and fats predominately used in Australian households remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of dietary oils and fats in cooking and food preparation in Australia. Adults living in Australia completed a cross-sectional online survey outlining their current household oil and fat use from July to December 2021. The survey was disseminated via social media platforms and included questions about the types of dietary oils and fats used for different cooking methods and the perceived motivators for choosing the main household oil. A total of 1248 participants responded to the survey. Participants were mostly female (91·6 %) aged between 25 and 44 years (56·7 %). The majority of participants (84·5 %) reported using some form of olive oil as their main source of oil for cooking and food preparation. Almost two-thirds of the sample (65·4 %) reported using extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), mainly in raw food preparation (71·5 %) or savoury baking and roasting (58 %). Fewer households reported using rice bran oil (4·6 %), canola oil (4·3 %) and vegetable oil (1·8 %). Almost half of all participants (49·6 %) identified perceived health benefits as the primary motivating factor for their main choice of oil, followed by sensory preference (46·7 %), versatility (10·2 %) and convenience (8·8 %). Australian adults frequently use olive oil, specifically EVOO, as the main oil for cooking and food preparation in the household.
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Looi D, Moorthy M, Chaiyakunapruk N, Devi Palanisamy U. Impact of ellagitannin-rich fruit consumption on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Richardson LA, Izuora K, Basu A. Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912762. [PMID: 36232062 PMCID: PMC9566634 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is interrelated to stroke, heart attack, and heart failure. The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has been closely associated with reduced CVD morbidity and mortality, but research is not well explored for this relationship in individuals with diabetes (who experience greater CVD morbidity and mortality than individuals without diabetes). The aim of this review was to explore the literature related to the MedDiet and atherosclerosis and associated risk factors in individuals with and without diabetes. In total, 570 articles were identified, and 36 articles were included. The articles were published between 2011 and 2021. Platforms used for the search were PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest. Our literature search included clinical and observational studies. Clinical studies revealed the MedDiet was associated with improved biomarkers, plaque, and anthropometric measurements that are associated with atherosclerosis and CVD. Observational studies identified associations between the MedDiet and lower presence of atherosclerosis, improved vascular aging, and increased endothelial progenitor cells. However, most of the studies took place in Mediterranean countries. Further research is needed to better understand the long-term effects the MedDiet on atherosclerosis and its associated risk factors in diverse populations to include individuals with and without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ann Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Kenneth Izuora
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
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Liu T, Jin Q, Ren F, Yang L, Mao H, Ma F, Wang Y, Li P, Zhan Y. Potential therapeutic effects of natural compounds targeting autophagy to alleviate podocyte injury in glomerular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113670. [PMID: 36116248 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a common cause of proteinuric kidney diseases. Uncontrollable progressive podocyte loss accelerates glomerulosclerosis and increases the risk of end-stage renal disease. To date, owing to the complex pathological mechanism, effective therapies for podocyte injury have been limited. Accumulating evidence supports the indispensable role of autophagy in the maintenance of podocyte homeostasis. A variety of natural compounds and their derivatives have been found to regulate autophagy through multiple targets, including promotes nuclear transfer of transcription factor EB and lysosomal repair. Here, we reviewed the recent studies on the use of natural compounds and their derivatives as autophagy regulators and discussed their potential applications in ameliorating podocyte injury. Several known natural compounds with autophagy-regulatory properties, such as quercetin, silibinin, kaempferol, and artemisinin, and their medical uses were also discussed. This review will help in improving the understanding of the podocyte protective mechanism of natural compounds and promote their development for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feihong Ren
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Gerić M, Matković K, Gajski G, Rumbak I, Štancl P, Karlić R, Bituh M. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Croatia: Lessons Learned Today for a Brighter Tomorrow. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183725. [PMID: 36145100 PMCID: PMC9504207 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCD) and lifestyle, particularly diet, have a close relationship. Based on the recent statistics, Croatian men and women lead in European overweight lists, which implies pessimistic prognosis in terms of incidence and prevalence of NCDs in the future. One of the possible solutions to overcome weight problems is turn to traditional balanced and sustainable diets, such as the Mediterranean diet. In this study, we assessed adherence towards Mediterranean diet using a validated questionnaire in an online survey and associated adherence scores with several demographic and anthropometric data. Based on the results of a validated Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (N = 3326), we assessed the adherence score to be 7.6 ± 2.5. The score tended to depend on sex, residence, age, education, income, and body mass index (BMI); indeed, women, residents of a coastal part of the country, older volunteers, those possessing a higher education degree, those with higher income, and those with lower BMI were associated with higher scores. As income was one of the significant findings related to higher adherence scores, we developed a dietary plan complying with Mediterranean diet principles that, on average, costed less than the average traditional balanced diet menu. Taken together, this study brought new findings regarding target groups who need to be encouraged to make lifestyle changes, and highlighted the first steps on how to make them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Gerić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-14682500
| | - Katarina Matković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Gajski
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rumbak
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Paula Štancl
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rosa Karlić
- Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Bituh
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Effect of olive polyphenols on lipid oxidation of high-fat beef during digestion. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Exploring the Path of Mediterranean Diet, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Inflammation towards 10-Year Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk: The ATTICA Study 10-Year Follow-Up (2002-2012). Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122367. [PMID: 35745097 PMCID: PMC9229573 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease, affecting ~30% of the population and increasing CVD. This study aimed to explore the direct, indirect and combined effects of Mediterranean diet, NAFLD and inflammation on the 10-year CVD risk in a healthy adult population. Methods: Using baseline and 10-year follow-up data from the ATTICA study, adherence to Mediterranean diet was measured using MedDietScore, and presence of NAFLD at baseline was assessed using the fatty liver index (FLI). Participants’ 10-year CVD outcomes were recorded and C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a surrogate marker for inflammation. The direct and indirect roles of these factors were explored using logistic regression models and the pathways between them were analysed using a structural equation model (SEM). Results: NAFLD prevalence was 22.9% and its presence was 17% less likely for every unit increase in MedDietScore. NAFLD presence at baseline was associated with increased 10-year CVD incidence (39.4% vs. 14.5%, p = 0.002), but when adjusted for MedDietScore, NAFLD was not an independent predictor of 10-year CVD risk. MedDietScore was an independent protective factor of 10-year CVD risk (OR = 0.989, 95% CI: 0.847, 0.935), when adjusted for NAFLD at baseline, age, gender, sedentary lifestyle and other confounders. Further exploration using SEM showed that MedDietScore was associated with CVD risk directly even when inflammation as CRP was introduced as a potential mediator. Conclusion: FLI as a proxy measure of NAFLD is a strong predictor of 10-year CVD risk, and this prognostic relationship seems to be moderated by the level of adherence to Mediterranean diet. Adherence to Mediterranean diet remained an independent and direct CVD risk factor irrespective of NAFLD status and CRP.
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Rolando M, Merayo-Lloves J. Management Strategies for Evaporative Dry Eye Disease and Future Perspective. Curr Eye Res 2022; 47:813-823. [PMID: 35521685 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2039205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common disorder that remains challenging from a clinical perspective. Unstable or deficient tear film is a major factor contributing to DED and the inability to resolve the loss of tear film homeostasis that accompanies DED can result in a vicious circle of inflammation and treatment-refractory disease. Recently recognized as a multifactorial disease, the main etiological subtypes of DED are aqueous-deficient and evaporative which exist on a continuum, although evaporative dry eye (EDE) is the more frequent classification. Although attaining greater recognition in recent years, there is currently no consensus and no clear recommendation on how to manage EDE. Clarity on the early diagnosis and treatment of EDE may facilitate the avoidance of progression to chronic inflammation, permanent damage to the ocular surface, and treatment-refractory disease. The purpose of this review was to identify current best practice for management of EDE in order to help clinicians in providing accurate diagnosis and optimized treatment. We summarize recent literature considering the role of the lipid layer on tear film stability, the importance of its composition and of its dynamic behavior, and the link between its malfunction and the insurgence and maintenance of tear film-related diseases. We have provided an assessment of the best management of lipid-deficient EDE based upon an understanding of disease pathophysiology, while indicating the flow of current treatments and possible future evolution of treatment approaches. Lipid containing eye drops may be considered as a step closer to natural tears from artificial aqueous tears because they more closely mimic the aqueous and lipid layers and may be used in combination with other management approaches. As a next step, we recommend working with a wider expert group to develop full guidelines to enable patient-centered management of EDE. Key pointsDry eye is a multifactorial disease of variable presentation with the tendency to become a chronic disease for which it is essential to identify and treat the main pathogenic mechanisms involved and tailor the treatment to the individual patient.Early intervention is needed to prevent the vicious cycle of DED and may require a multi-faceted management approach.EDE is not just a problem of MGD but can be the result of anything affecting blinking, mucin spreading, aqueous layer volume and content.Lipid-containing eye drops may provide significant relief of symptoms by improving the lipid layer and its spreading ability and, as such, are an appropriate component of the overall management of lipid-deficient EDE; natural lipid-containing eye drops should be the preferred treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Merayo-Lloves
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega, Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica & Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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Quirós-Fernández R, López-Plaza B, Bermejo LM, Palma Milla S, Zangara A, Candela CG. Oral Supplement Containing Hydroxytyrosol and Punicalagin Improves Dyslipidemia in an Adult Population without Co-Adjuvant Treatment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled and Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091879. [PMID: 35565844 PMCID: PMC9103949 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) and punicalagin (PC) exert cardioprotective and antiatherosclerotic effects. This study evaluated the effect of an oral supplement containing HT and PC (SAx) on dyslipidemia in an adult population. A randomized, double-blind, controlled, crossover trial was conducted over a 20-week period. SAx significantly reduced the plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) in subjects with hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg/dL) (from 200.67 ± 51.38 to 155.33 ± 42.44 mg/dL; p < 0.05), while no such effects were observed in these subjects after the placebo. SAx also significantly decreased the plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in subjects with high plasma levels of LDL-C (≥160 mg/dL) (from 179.13 ± 16.18 to 162.93 ± 27.05 mg/dL; p < 0.01), while no such positive effect was observed with the placebo. In addition, the placebo significantly reduced the plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the total population (from 64.49 ± 12.65 to 62.55 ± 11.57 mg/dL; p < 0.05), while SAx significantly increased the plasma levels of HDL-C in subjects with low plasma levels of HDL-C (<50 mg/dL) (from 44.25 ± 3.99 to 48.00 ± 7.27 mg/dL; p < 0.05). In conclusion, the supplement containing HT and PC exerted antiatherosclerotic and cardio-protective effects by considerably improving dyslipidemia in an adult population, without co-adjuvant treatment or adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Quirós-Fernández
- Nutrition Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (R.Q.-F.); (B.P.-L.)
| | - Bricia López-Plaza
- Nutrition Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (R.Q.-F.); (B.P.-L.)
| | - Laura M. Bermejo
- Nutrition Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Samara Palma Milla
- Nutrition Department, Hospital University La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.M.); (C.G.C.)
| | - Andrea Zangara
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia;
- Euromed S.A., C/Rec de Dalt, 21-23, Pol. Ind. Can Magarola, 08100 Mollet del Valles, Spain
| | - Carmen Gómez Candela
- Nutrition Department, Hospital University La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (S.P.M.); (C.G.C.)
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Effect of Dietary Phenolic Compounds on Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in the SUN Project; 10 Years of Follow-Up. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040783. [PMID: 35453468 PMCID: PMC9027220 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of plant-based diets have been reported. Plant-based diets found in Spain and other Mediterranean countries differ from typical diets in other countries. In the Mediterranean diet, a high intake of phenolic compounds through olives, olive oil, and red wine may play an important role in cardiovascular prevention. Prospective studies carried out in Mediterranean countries may provide interesting insights. A relatively young Mediterranean cohort of 16,147 Spanish participants free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was followed (61% women, mean (SD) age 37(12) years at baseline) for a median of 12.2 years. Dietary intake was repeatedly assessed using a 136-item validated food frequency questionnaire, and (poly)phenol intake was obtained using the Phenol-Explorer database. Participants were classified as incident cases of CVD if a medical diagnosis of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death was medically confirmed. Time-dependent Cox regression models were used to assess the relationship between (poly)phenol intake and the incidence of major CVD. A suboptimal intake of phenolic compounds was independently associated with a higher risk of CVD, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for the lowest versus top 4 quintiles: 1.85 (95% CI: 1.09–3.16). A moderate-to-high dietary intake of phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids, is likely to reduce CVD incidence in the context of a Mediterranean dietary pattern.
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Unraveling the beneficial effects of herbal Lebanese mixture “Za’atar”. History, studies, and properties of a potential healthy food ingredient. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Description of a Cohort of Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Analysis of Comorbidities, Prevalence of Complications and Risk of Hypoglycemia. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11041039. [PMID: 35207312 PMCID: PMC8875497 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11041039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite major medical advances, Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) patients still have greater morbimortality than the general population. Our aim was to describe our cohort of T1D patients and identify potential risk factors susceptible to prevention strategies. METHODS Cross-sectional, observational study, including T1D patients treated at our center, from 1 March 2017 to 31 March 2020. INCLUSION CRITERIA T1D, age > 14 years and signed informed consent. EXCLUSION CRITERIA diabetes other than T1D, age < 14 years and/or refusal to participate. RESULTS Study population n = 2181 (49.8% females, median age at enrollment 41 years, median HbA1c 7.7%; 38.24% had at least one comorbidity). Roughly 7.45% had severe hypoglycemia (SH) within the prior year. Macro/microvascular complications were present in 42.09% (5.83% and 41.14%, respectively). The most frequent microvascular complication was diabetic retinopathy (38.02%), and coronary disease (3.21%) was the most frequent macrovascular complication. The risk of complications was higher in males than in females, mainly macrovascular. Patients with SH had a higher risk of complications (OR 1.42; 1.43 in males versus 1.42 in females). CONCLUSIONS Our T1D population is similar to other T1D populations. We should minimize the risk of SH, and male patients should perhaps be treated more aggressively regarding cardiovascular risk factors.
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The Effect of Dietary Polyphenols on Vascular Health and Hypertension: Current Evidence and Mechanisms of Action. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030545. [PMID: 35276904 PMCID: PMC8840535 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to explore existing evidence from studies conducted on humans and summarize the mechanisms of action of dietary polyphenols on vascular health, blood pressure and hypertension. There is evidence that some polyphenol-rich foods, including berry fruits rich in anthocyanins, cocoa and green tea rich in flavan-3-ols, almonds and pistachios rich in hydroxycinnamic acids, and soy products rich in isoflavones, are able to improve blood pressure levels. A variety of mechanisms can elucidate the observed effects. Some limitations of the evidence, including variability of polyphenol content in plant-derived foods and human absorption, difficulty disentangling the effects of polyphenols from other dietary compounds, and discrepancy of doses between animal and human studies should be taken into account. While no single food counteracts hypertension, adopting a plant-based dietary pattern including a variety of polyphenol-rich foods is an advisable practice to improve blood pressure.
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Reyes-Goya C, Santana-Garrido Á, Aguilar-Espejo G, Pérez-Camino MC, Mate A, Vázquez CM. Daily consumption of wild olive (acebuche) oil reduces blood pressure and ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodelling in rats with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertension. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1-14. [PMID: 35000635 PMCID: PMC9530918 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite numerous reports on the beneficial effects of olive oil in the cardiovascular context, very little is known about the olive tree's wild counterpart (Olea europaea, L. var. sylvestris), commonly known as acebuche (ACE) in Spain. The aim of this study was to analyse the possible beneficial effects of an extra virgin ACE oil on vascular function in a rodent model of arterial hypertension (AH) induced by NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Four experimental groups of male Wistar rats were studied: (1) normotensive rats (Control group); (2) normotensive rats fed a commercial diet supplemented with 15 % (w/w) ACE oil (Acebuche group); (3) rats made hypertensive following administration of L-NAME (L-NAME group); and (4) rats treated with L-NAME and simultaneously supplemented with 15 % ACE oil (LN + ACE group). All treatments were maintained for 12 weeks. Besides a significant blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect, the ACE oil-enriched diet counteracted the alterations found in aortas from hypertensive rats in terms of morphology and responsiveness to vasoactive mediators. In addition, a decrease in hypertension-related fibrotic and oxidative stress processes was observed in L-NAME-treated rats subjected to ACE oil supplement. Therefore, using a model of AH via nitric oxide depletion, here we demonstrate the beneficial effects of a wild olive oil based upon its vasodilator, antihypertensive, antioxidant, antihypertrophic and antifibrotic properties. We postulate that regular inclusion of ACE oil in the diet can alleviate the vascular remodelling and endothelial dysfunction processes typically found in AH, thus resulting in a significant reduction of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Reyes-Goya
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012Sevilla, Spain
| | - Álvaro Santana-Garrido
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012Sevilla, Spain
- Epidemiología Clínica y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gema Aguilar-Espejo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012Sevilla, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Pérez-Camino
- Departamento de Caracterización y Calidad de lípidos, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, E-41013Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mate
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012Sevilla, Spain
- Epidemiología Clínica y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen M. Vázquez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41012Sevilla, Spain
- Epidemiología Clínica y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41013Sevilla, Spain
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Pourmasoumi M, Hadi A, Marx W, Najafgholizadeh A, Kaur S, Sahebkar A. The Effect of Green Coffee Bean Extract on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1328:323-345. [PMID: 34981487 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cardiovascular disease remains the primary cause of noncommunicable disease- related death. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the possible benefit of the green coffee bean extract on cardio-metabolic markers. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify clinical trials that examined the effect of green coffee bean extract on cardio-metabolic risk factors including serum lipid profiles, glycemic status-related markers, blood pressure, and anthropometric indices. Since the included RCTs were carried out in different settings, random effect models were used to conduct all meta-analyses. RESULTS Fifteen studies (19 arms) consisting of 637 participants were included. The results indicated that green coffee bean extract significantly reduced levels of total cholesterol (-5.93 mg/dl; 95% CI: -9.21, -2.65; I2: 0%), fasting plasma glucose (-2.21 mg/dl; 95% CI: -3.94, -0.48; I2: 32%), systolic blood pressure (-3.08 mmHg; 95% CI: -4.41, -1.75; I2: 26%), diastolic blood pressure (-2.27 mmHg; 95% CI: -3.82, -0.72; I2: 61%), body weight (-1.24 kg; 95% CI: -1.82, -0.66; I2: 15%), and BMI (-0.55 kg/m2; 95% CI: -0.88, -0.22; I2: 73%). Although the pooled effect size of LDL-C, fasting insulin, and waist circumstance were significant, the results were significantly influenced by individual studies. No significant effect was detected for triglycerides, HDL-C, HbA1C, and HOMA-IR. However, the nonsignificant pooled effect size for triglyceride levels was influenced by one individual study. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that green coffee been extract consumption can improve total cholesterol, triglycerides, body weight, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makan Pourmasoumi
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amir Hadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- School of Medicine, iMPACT, Food & Mood Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Sukhdeep Kaur
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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