1
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Liu D, Bai X, Helmick HDB, Samaddar M, Amalaradjou MAR, Li X, Tenguria S, Gallina NLF, Xu L, Drolia R, Aryal UK, Moreira GMSG, Hust M, Seleem MN, Kokini JL, Ostafe R, Cox A, Bhunia AK. Cell-surface anchoring of Listeria adhesion protein on L. monocytogenes is fastened by internalin B for pathogenesis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112515. [PMID: 37171960 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) is a secreted acetaldehyde alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhE) that anchors to an unknown molecule on the Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) surface, which is critical for its intestinal epithelium crossing. In the present work, immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry identify internalin B (InlB) as the primary ligand of LAP (KD ∼ 42 nM). InlB-deleted and naturally InlB-deficient Lm strains show reduced LAP-InlB interaction and LAP-mediated pathology in the murine intestine and brain invasion. InlB-overexpressing non-pathogenic Listeria innocua also displays LAP-InlB interplay. In silico predictions reveal that a pocket region in the C-terminal domain of tetrameric LAP is the binding site for InlB. LAP variants containing mutations in negatively charged (E523S, E621S) amino acids in the C terminus confirm altered binding conformations and weaker affinity for InlB. InlB transforms the housekeeping enzyme, AdhE (LAP), into a moonlighting pathogenic factor by fastening on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqi Liu
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Xingjian Bai
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Manalee Samaddar
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Mary Anne Roshni Amalaradjou
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Xilin Li
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shivendra Tenguria
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Nicholas L F Gallina
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Luping Xu
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Rishi Drolia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Biological Science, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY, USA
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Bindley Bioscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Gustavo Marçal Schmidt Garcia Moreira
- Technische Universität Braunschweig University of Technology, Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Hust
- Technische Universität Braunschweig University of Technology, Institute for Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jozef L Kokini
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Raluca Ostafe
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Abigail Cox
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Arun K Bhunia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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2
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Ireton K, Gyanwali GC, Herath TUB, Lee N. Exploitation of the host exocyst complex by bacterial pathogens. Mol Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 36717381 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular bacterial pathogens remodel the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells in order to establish infection. A common and well-studied mechanism of plasma membrane remodelling involves bacterial stimulation of polymerization of the host actin cytoskeleton. Here, we discuss recent results showing that several bacterial pathogens also exploit the host vesicular trafficking pathway of 'polarized exocytosis' to expand and reshape specific regions in the plasma membrane during infection. Polarized exocytosis is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved octameric protein complex termed the exocyst. We describe examples in which the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and Shigella flexneri co-opt the exocyst to promote internalization into human cells or intercellular spread within host tissues. We also discuss results showing that Legionella pneumophila or S. flexneri manipulate exocyst components to modify membrane vacuoles to favour intracellular replication or motility of bacteria. Finally, we propose potential ways that pathogens manipulate exocyst function, discuss how polarized exocytosis might promote infection and highlight the importance of future studies to determine how actin polymerization and polarized exocytosis are coordinated to achieve optimal bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Ireton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Thilina U B Herath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nicole Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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3
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Redistribution of the Novel Clostridioides difficile Spore Adherence Receptor E-Cadherin by TcdA and TcdB Increases Spore Binding to Adherens Junctions. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0047622. [PMID: 36448839 PMCID: PMC9872679 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00476-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile causes antibiotic-associated diseases in humans, ranging from mild diarrhea to severe pseudomembranous colitis and death. A major clinical challenge is the prevention of disease recurrence, which affects nearly ~20 to 30% of the patients with a primary C. difficile infection (CDI). During CDI, C. difficile forms metabolically dormant spores that are essential for recurrence of CDI (R-CDI). In prior studies, we have shown that C. difficile spores interact with intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), which contribute to R-CDI. However, this interaction remains poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that C. difficile spores interact with E-cadherin, contributing to spore adherence and internalization into IECs. C. difficile toxins TcdA and TcdB lead to adherens junctions opening and increase spore adherence to IECs. Confocal micrographs demonstrate that C. difficile spores associate with accessible E-cadherin; spore-E-cadherin association increases upon TcdA and TcdB intoxication. The presence of anti-E-cadherin antibodies decreased spore adherence and entry into IECs. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, and immunogold labeling, we observed that E-cadherin binds to C. difficile spores, specifically to the hairlike projections of the spore, reducing spore adherence to IECs. Overall, these results expand our knowledge of how C. difficile spores bind to IECs by providing evidence that E-cadherin acts as a spore adherence receptor to IECs and by revealing how toxin-mediated damage affects spore interactions with IECs.
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Listeria monocytogenes-How This Pathogen Uses Its Virulence Mechanisms to Infect the Hosts. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121491. [PMID: 36558825 PMCID: PMC9783847 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is a serious food-borne illness, especially in susceptible populations, including children, pregnant women, and elderlies. The disease can occur in two forms: non-invasive febrile gastroenteritis and severe invasive listeriosis with septicemia, meningoencephalitis, perinatal infections, and abortion. Expression of each symptom depends on various bacterial virulence factors, immunological status of the infected person, and the number of ingested bacteria. Internalins, mainly InlA and InlB, invasins (invasin A, LAP), and other surface adhesion proteins (InlP1, InlP4) are responsible for epithelial cell binding, whereas internalin C (InlC) and actin assembly-inducing protein (ActA) are involved in cell-to-cell bacterial spread. L. monocytogenes is able to disseminate through the blood and invade diverse host organs. In persons with impaired immunity, the elderly, and pregnant women, the pathogen can also cross the blood-brain and placental barriers, which results in the invasion of the central nervous system and fetus infection, respectively. The aim of this comprehensive review is to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of listeriosis and L. monocytogenes virulence mechanisms that are involved in host infection, with a special focus on their molecular and cellular aspects. We believe that all this information is crucial for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes infection.
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Xu M, Liu Y, Mayinuer T, Lin Y, Wang Y, Gao J, Wang D, Kastelic JP, Han B. Mycoplasma bovis inhibits autophagy in bovine mammary epithelial cells via a PTEN/PI3K-Akt-mTOR-dependent pathway. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:935547. [PMID: 35958147 PMCID: PMC9360976 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.935547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although autophagy can eliminate some intracellular pathogens, others, e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Mycoplasma bovis, can evade it. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, a key regulator of autophagy, is involved in initiation and promotion of a range of pathological diseases. As the effects of M. bovis on the autophagic pathway are not well documented, our objective was to elucidate the effects of M. bovis infection on the PI3K-Akt-mTOR cellular autophagic pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs). Ultrastructure of bMECs infected with M. bovis was assessed with transmission electron microscopy, co-localization of LC3 puncta with M. bovis was confirmed by laser confocal microscopy, and autophagy-related indicators were quantified with Western blotting and RT-PCR. In M. bovis-infected bMECs, intracellular M. bovis was encapsulated by membrane-like structures, the expression level of LC3-II and Beclin1 protein decreased at the middle stage of infection, degradation of SQSTM1/P62 was blocked, autophagy of bMECs was inhibited, and PI3K-Akt-mTOR protein was activated by phosphorylation. Furthermore, the tumor suppressor PTEN can inhibit the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway through dephosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and may be important for cellular resistance to infection. In the present study, the number of intracellular M. bovis was inversely related to the change in the level of autophagy markers (e.g., LC3-II, SQSTM1/P62) within host cells induced by the low knockdown of Akt or PTEN. We concluded that M. bovis-infected bMECs alleviated cellular autophagy through a PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, and that PTEN acted as a protective gene regulating autophagy, a key step in controlling infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tuerdi Mayinuer
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yushan Lin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - John P. Kastelic
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Han,
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Chua MD, Mineva GM, Guttman JA. Ube2N is present and functions within listeria Actin-rich structures and lamellipodia: A localization and pharmacological inhibition study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 306:1140-1148. [PMID: 35488878 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton forms much of the structure needed for the intracellular motility of an assortment of microbes as well as entire cells. The co-factor to the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme Ube2N (Ube2V1) has been implicated in both cancer cell metastasis and lysine-63 ubiquitylation of β actin. As this protein complexes with Ube2N, we sought to investigate whether Ube2N itself was involved in actin-based events occurring during the Listeria monocytogenes infections as well as within motile whole cells. Through examination of L. monocytogenes actin clouds, comet tails and membrane protrusions as well as lamellipodia in migrating cells, we show that Ube2N is recruited to actin-rich structures. When pharmacologically inhibited we demonstrate that Ube2N is crucial for the function of actin-rich structures when associated with the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dominic Chua
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gabriela Miroslavova Mineva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julian Andrew Guttman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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Chalenko Y, Kolbasova O, Pivova E, Abdulkadieva M, Povolyaeva O, Kalinin E, Kolbasov D, Ermolaeva S. Listeria monocytogenes Invasion Into Sheep Kidney Epithelial Cells Depends on InlB, and Invasion Efficiency Is Modulated by Phylogenetically Defined InlB Isoforms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:825076. [PMID: 35197955 PMCID: PMC8859113 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.825076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is of major veterinary importance in small ruminants. Nevertheless, details of L. monocytogenes interactions with cells of small ruminants are not fully established. To study the potential of L. monocytogenes to infect sheep cells, we used the finite sheep kidney cell line (shKEC), which was infected with the wild-type L. monocytogenes strain EGDe. The invasion efficiency was 0.015 ± 0.004%. The invasion factor InlB was critically important for invasion, and inlB gene deletion almost prevented L. monocytogenes invasion into shKEC cells. Comparison of the potential of phylogenetically defined InlB isoforms to restore the invasive phenotype of the EGDeΔinlB strain demonstrated that although all InlB isoforms restored invasion of the EGDeΔinlB strain into shKEC cells, the InlB isoforms typical of highly virulent ruminant strains of the clonal complexes CC1 and CC7 were more efficient than isoforms typical of CC2 and CC9 strains (which are less virulent toward ruminants) in supporting invasion. Listeria monocytogenes effectively multiplied with a doubling of time in about 90 min after they entered the sheep cells. Intracellular bacteria moved using the well-known actin polymerization mechanism. Cell-to-cell spreading was restricted to the infection of a few tens of neighboring cells for 7 days. Overall, the obtained results demonstrated that (i) InlB is required for invasion into sheep cells, (ii) InlB isoforms might be important for hypervirulence of certain clonal groups toward ruminants, and (iii) L. monocytogenes effectively multiplies in ovine cells once entered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Chalenko
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
- Yaroslava Chalenko,
| | - Olga Kolbasova
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology (FRCVM), Volginsky, Russia
| | - Elena Pivova
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology (FRCVM), Volginsky, Russia
| | - Mariam Abdulkadieva
- Department of Dusty Plasma, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Povolyaeva
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology (FRCVM), Volginsky, Russia
| | - Egor Kalinin
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Kolbasov
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology (FRCVM), Volginsky, Russia
| | - Svetlana Ermolaeva
- Laboratory of Ecology of Pathogenic Bacteria, Gamaleya Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology (FRCVM), Nizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute Branch, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- *Correspondence: Svetlana Ermolaeva,
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8
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Non-coding RNA regulates phage sensitivity in Listeria monocytogenes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260768. [PMID: 34928977 PMCID: PMC8687577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have gained increasing attention as their diverse roles in virulence and environmental stress in Listeria monocytogenes have become clearer. The ncRNA rliB is an atypical member of the CRISPR family, conserved at the same genomic locus in all analyzed L. monocytogenes genomes and also in other Listeria species. In this study, rliB defective mutants (Lm3-22-ΔrliB) were constructed by homologous recombination. The growth cycle of Lm3-22-ΔrliB mutants was slower than that of wild-type Lm3-22. The sensitivity of Lm3-22-ΔrliB to the Listeria phage vB-LmoM-SH3-3 was significantly increased, and the efficiency of plaque formation was enhanced by 128 fold. Compared with wild type, the adhesion and invasion of Lm3-22-ΔrliB decreased significantly (9.3% and 1.33%, respectively). After 4 hours of infection, the proliferation of Lm3-22-ΔrliB in RAW264.7 cells also decreased significantly. Transcription level of invasion-related surface proteins showed that the internalin genes lmo0610 and lm0514, and the peptidoglycan binding protein gene lmo1799 in Lm3-22-ΔrliB were significantly increased. In addition, after interaction with phage, the transcription levels of inlA, lmo0610, lmo1799, lmo2085, and lmo0514 in Lm3-22-ΔrliB cells were significantly upregulated, while inlB was downregulated, compared with Lm3-22 control group with phage treatment. Therefore, rliB deletion effectively regulated the interaction between Listeria and phage, weaken its invasion ability, and provided a new theoretical basis for biocontrol of phage.
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Kammoun H, Kim M, Hafner L, Gaillard J, Disson O, Lecuit M. Listeriosis, a model infection to study host-pathogen interactions in vivo. Curr Opin Microbiol 2021; 66:11-20. [PMID: 34923331 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a foodborne pathogen and the etiological agent of listeriosis. This facultative intracellular Gram-positive bacterium has the ability to colonize the intestinal lumen, cross the intestinal, blood-brain and placental barriers, leading to bacteremia, neurolisteriosis and maternal-fetal listeriosis. Lm is a model microorganism for the study of the interplay between a pathogenic microbe, host tissues and microbiota in vivo. Here we review how animal models permissive to Lm-host interactions allow deciphering some of the key steps of the infectious process, from the intestinal lumen to the crossing of host barriers and dissemination within the host. We also highlight recent investigations using tagged Lm and clinically relevant strains that have shed light on within-host dynamics and the purifying selection of Lm virulence factors. Studying Lm infection in vivo is a way forward to explore host biology and unveil the mechanisms that have selected its capacity to closely associate with its vertebrate hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Kammoun
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Inserm U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Minhee Kim
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Inserm U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lukas Hafner
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Inserm U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Julien Gaillard
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Inserm U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Inserm U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Inserm U1117, Biology of Infection Unit, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria, 75015 Paris, France; Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, APHP, Institut Imagine, 75006 Paris, France.
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Quereda JJ, Morón-García A, Palacios-Gorba C, Dessaux C, García-del Portillo F, Pucciarelli MG, Ortega AD. Pathogenicity and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes: A trip from environmental to medical microbiology. Virulence 2021; 12:2509-2545. [PMID: 34612177 PMCID: PMC8496543 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1975526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a saprophytic gram-positive bacterium, and an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that can produce listeriosis in humans and animals. It has evolved an exceptional ability to adapt to stress conditions encountered in different environments, resulting in a ubiquitous distribution. Because some food preservation methods and disinfection protocols in food-processing environments cannot efficiently prevent contaminations, L. monocytogenes constitutes a threat to human health and a challenge to food safety. In the host, Listeria colonizes the gastrointestinal tract, crosses the intestinal barrier, and disseminates through the blood to target organs. In immunocompromised individuals, the elderly, and pregnant women, the pathogen can cross the blood-brain and placental barriers, leading to neurolisteriosis and materno-fetal listeriosis. Molecular and cell biology studies of infection have proven L. monocytogenes to be a versatile pathogen that deploys unique strategies to invade different cell types, survive and move inside the eukaryotic host cell, and spread from cell to cell. Here, we present the multifaceted Listeria life cycle from a comprehensive perspective. We discuss genetic features of pathogenic Listeria species, analyze factors involved in food contamination, and review bacterial strategies to tolerate stresses encountered both during food processing and along the host's gastrointestinal tract. Then we dissect host-pathogen interactions underlying listerial pathogenesis in mammals from a cell biology and systemic point of view. Finally, we summarize the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical features of listeriosis in humans and animals. This work aims to gather information from different fields crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Quereda
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities. Valencia, Spain
| | - Alvaro Morón-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Palacios-Gorba
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities. Valencia, Spain
| | - Charlotte Dessaux
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-del Portillo
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Graciela Pucciarelli
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro D. Ortega
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Ireton K, Mortuza R, Gyanwali GC, Gianfelice A, Hussain M. Role of internalin proteins in the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes. Mol Microbiol 2021; 116:1407-1419. [PMID: 34704304 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne bacterium that causes gastroenteritis, meningitis, or abortion. L. monocytogenes induces its internalization (entry) into human cells and either spreads laterally in tissues or transcytoses to traverse anatomical barriers. In this review, we discuss mechanisms by which five structurally related proteins of the "internalin" family of L. monocytogenes (InlA, InlB, InlC, InlF, and InlP) interact with distinct host receptors to promote infection of human cells and/or crossing of the intestinal, blood-brain, or placental barriers. We focus on recent results demonstrating that the internalin proteins InlA, InlB, and InlC exploit exocytic pathways to stimulate transcytosis, entry, or cell-to-cell spread, respectively. We also discuss evidence that InlA-mediated transcytosis contributes to traversal of the intestinal barrier, whereas InlF promotes entry into endothelial cells to breach the blood-brain barrier. InlB also facilitates the crossing of the blood-brain barrier, but does so by extending the longevity of infected monocytes that may subsequently act as a "Trojan horse" to transfer bacteria to the brain. InlA, InlB, and InlP each contribute to fetoplacental infection by targeting syncytiotrophoblast or cytotrophoblast layers of the placenta. This work highlights the diverse functions of internalins and the complex mechanisms by which these structurally related proteins contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Ireton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Roman Mortuza
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Antonella Gianfelice
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mazhar Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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12
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Bai X, Nakatsu CH, Bhunia AK. Bacterial Biofilms and Their Implications in Pathogenesis and Food Safety. Foods 2021; 10:2117. [PMID: 34574227 PMCID: PMC8472614 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is an integral part of the microbial life cycle in nature. In food processing environments, bacterial transmissions occur primarily through raw or undercooked foods and by cross-contamination during unsanitary food preparation practices. Foodborne pathogens form biofilms as a survival strategy in various unfavorable environments, which also become a frequent source of recurrent contamination and outbreaks of foodborne illness. Instead of focusing on bacterial biofilm formation and their pathogenicity individually, this review discusses on a molecular level how these two physiological processes are connected in several common foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli. In addition, biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is discussed because it aids the persistence of many foodborne pathogens forming polymicrobial biofilms on food contact surfaces, thus significantly elevating food safety and public health concerns. Furthermore, in-depth analyses of several bacterial molecules with dual functions in biofilm formation and pathogenicity are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Bai
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Cindy H. Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Arun K. Bhunia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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13
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Chen Z, Luo J, Li J, Kim G, Chen ES, Xiao S, Snapper SB, Bao B, An D, Blumberg RS, Lin CH, Wang S, Zhong J, Liu K, Li Q, Wu C, Kuchroo VK. Foxo1 controls gut homeostasis and commensalism by regulating mucus secretion. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210324. [PMID: 34287641 PMCID: PMC8424467 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus produced by goblet cells in the gastrointestinal tract forms a biological barrier that protects the intestine from invasion by commensals and pathogens. However, the host-derived regulatory network that controls mucus secretion and thereby changes gut microbiota has not been well studied. Here, we identify that Forkhead box protein O1 (Foxo1) regulates mucus secretion by goblet cells and determines intestinal homeostasis. Loss of Foxo1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) results in defects in goblet cell autophagy and mucus secretion, leading to an impaired gut microenvironment and dysbiosis. Subsequently, due to changes in microbiota and disruption in microbiome metabolites of short-chain fatty acids, Foxo1 deficiency results in altered organization of tight junction proteins and enhanced susceptibility to intestinal inflammation. Our study demonstrates that Foxo1 is crucial for IECs to establish commensalism and maintain intestinal barrier integrity by regulating goblet cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojia Chen
- Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jialie Luo
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jian Li
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Girak Kim
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Eric S. Chen
- Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Scott B. Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Dingding An
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Richard S. Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Cheng-hui Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mary M. and Sash A. Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Sui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mary M. and Sash A. Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jiaxin Zhong
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kuai Liu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiyuan Li
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuan Wu
- Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Vijay K. Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunological Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
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14
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Glucose Decoration on Wall Teichoic Acid Is Required for Phage Adsorption and InlB-Mediated Virulence in Listeria ivanovii. J Bacteriol 2021; 203:e0013621. [PMID: 34096780 PMCID: PMC8297528 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00136-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria ivanovii (Liv) is an intracellular Gram-positive pathogen that primarily infects ruminants but also occasionally causes enteric infections in humans. Albeit rare, this bacterium possesses the capacity to cross the intestinal epithelium of humans, similar to its more frequently pathogenic cousin, Listeria monocytogenes (Lmo). Recent studies in Lmo have shown that specific glycosyl modifications on the cell wall-associated glycopolymers (termed wall teichoic acid [WTA]) of Lmo are responsible for bacteriophage adsorption and retention of the major virulence factor internalin B (InlB). However, the relationship between InlB and WTA in Liv remains unclear. Here, we report the identification of the unique gene liv1070, which encodes a putative glucosyltransferase in the polycistronic WTA gene cluster of the Liv WSLC 3009 genome. We found that in-frame deletion of liv1070 led to loss of the glucose substitution on WTA, as revealed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis. Interestingly, the glucose-deficient mutant became resistant to phage B025 infection due to an inability of the phage to adsorb to the bacterial surface, a binding process mediated by the receptor-binding protein B025_Gp17. As expected, deletion of liv1070 led to loss of InlB retention on the bacterial cell wall, which corresponded to a drastic decrease in cellular invasion. Genetic complementation of liv1070 restored the characteristic phenotypes, including glucose decoration, phage adsorption, and cellular invasion. Taken together, our data demonstrate that an interplay between phage, bacteria, and host cells also exists in Listeria ivanovii, suggesting that the trade-off between phage resistance and virulence attenuation may be a general feature in the genus Listeria. IMPORTANCE Listeria ivanovii is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen known to cause enteric infection in rodents and ruminants and occasionally in immunocompromised humans. Recent investigations revealed that in its better-known cousin Listeria monocytogenes, strains develop resistance to bacteriophage attack due to loss of glycosylated surface receptors, which subsequently results in disconnection of one of the bacterium's major virulence factors, InlB. However, the situation in L. ivanovii remains unclear. Here, we show that L. ivanovii acquires phage resistance following deletion of a unique glycosyltransferase. This deletion also leads to dysfunction of InlB, making the resulting strain unable to invade host cells. Overall, this study suggests that the interplay between phage, bacteria, and the host may be a feature common to the genus Listeria.
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15
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Lopes-Luz L, Mendonça M, Bernardes Fogaça M, Kipnis A, Bhunia AK, Bührer-Sékula S. Listeria monocytogenes: review of pathogenesis and virulence determinants-targeted immunological assays. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:647-666. [PMID: 33896354 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1911930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most invasive foodborne pathogens and is responsible for numerous outbreaks worldwide. Most of the methods to detect this bacterium in food require selective enrichment using traditional bacterial culture techniques that can be time-consuming and labour-intensive. Moreover, molecular methods are expensive and need specific technical knowledge. In contrast, immunological approaches are faster, simpler, and user-friendly alternatives and have been developed for the detection of L. monocytogenes in food, environmental, and clinical samples. These techniques are dependent on the constitutive expression of L. monocytogenes antigens and the specificity of the antibodies used. Here, updated knowledge on pathogenesis and the key immunogenic virulence determinants of L. monocytogenes that are used for the generation of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for the serological assay development are summarised. In addition, immunological approaches based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, lateral flow immunochromatographic assays, and immunosensors with relevant improvements are highlighted. Though the sensitivity and specificity of the assays were improved significantly, methods still face many challenges that require further validation before use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Lopes-Luz
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Mendonça
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Garanhuns, Brasil
| | | | - André Kipnis
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
| | - Arun K Bhunia
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Samira Bührer-Sékula
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil
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16
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Lecuit M. Listeria monocytogenes, a model in infection biology. Cell Microbiol 2021; 22:e13186. [PMID: 32185900 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a systemic infection which manifests as bacteremia, often complicated by meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised individuals and the elderly, and fetal-placental infection in pregnant women. It has emerged over the past decades as a major foodborne pathogen, responsible for numerous outbreaks in Western countries, and more recently in Africa. L. monocytogenes' pathogenic properties have been studied in detail, thanks to concomitant advances in biological sciences, in particular molecular biology, cell biology and immunology. L. monocytogenes has also been instrumental to basic advances in life sciences. L. monocytogenes therefore stands both a tool to understand biology and a model in infection biology. This review briefly summarises the clinical and some of the pathophysiological features of listeriosis. In the context of this special issue, it highlights some of the major discoveries made by Pascale Cossart in the fields of molecular and cellular microbiology since the mid-eighties regarding the identification and characterisation of multiple bacterial and host factors critical to L. monocytogenes pathogenicity. It also briefly summarises some of the key findings from our laboratory on this topic over the past years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, APHP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
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17
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Making Sense of the Biodiversity and Virulence of Listeria monocytogenes. Trends Microbiol 2021; 29:811-822. [PMID: 33583696 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen responsible for listeriosis, an infection that can manifest in humans as bacteremia, meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients and the elderly, and fetal-placental infection in pregnant women. Reference strains from this facultative intracellular bacterium have been instrumental in the investigation of basic mechanisms in microbiology, immunology, and cell biology. The integration of bacterial population genomics with environmental, epidemiological, and clinical data allowed the uncovering of new factors involved in the virulence of L. monocytogenes and its adaptation to different environments. This review illustrates how these investigations have led to a better understanding of the bacterium's virulence and the driving forces that shaped it.
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18
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Cardiotropic Isolates of Listeria monocytogenes with Enhanced Vertical Transmission Dependent upon the Bacterial Surface Protein InlB. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00321-20. [PMID: 33139387 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00321-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative Gram-positive intracellular bacterium that is capable of causing serious invasive infections in pregnant women, resulting in abortion, still-birth, and disseminated fetal infection. Previously, a clinical L. monocytogenes isolate, 07PF0776, was identified as having an enhanced ability to target cardiac tissue. This tissue tropism appeared to correlate with amino acid variations found within internalin B (InlB), a bacterial surface protein associated with host cell invasion. Given that the mammalian receptor bound by InlB, Met, is abundantly expressed by placental tissue, we assessed isolate 07PF0776 for its ability to be transmitted from mother to fetus. Pregnant Swiss Webster mice were infected on gestational day E13 via tail vein injection with the standard isolate 10403S, a noncardiotropic strain, or 07PF0776, the cardiac isolate. Pregnant mice infected with 07PF0776 exhibited significantly enhanced transmission of L. monocytogenes to placentas and fetuses compared to 10403S. Both bacterial burdens and the frequency of placental and fetal infection were increased in mice infected with the cardiac isolate. Strain 07PF0776 also exhibited an enhanced ability to invade Jar human trophoblast tissue culture cells in comparison to 10403S, and was found to have increased levels of InlB associated with the bacterial cell surface. Overexpression of surface InlB via genetic manipulation was sufficient to confer enhanced invasion of the placenta and fetus to both 10403S and 07PF0776. These data support a central role for surface InlB in promoting vertical transmission of L. monocytogenes.
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19
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Innate immune responses to Listeria in vivo. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 59:95-101. [PMID: 33307408 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a foodborne bacterial pathogen that causes listeriosis, a severe infection that manifests as bacteremia and meningo-encephalitis mostly in immunocompromised individuals, and maternal-fetal infection. A critical pathogenic determinant of Lm relies on its ability to actively cross the intestinal barrier, disseminate systemically and cross the blood-brain and placental barriers. Here we illustrate how Lm both evades innate immunity, favoring its dissemination in host tissues, and triggers innate immune defenses that participate to its control.
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20
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Charlier C, Disson O, Lecuit M. Maternal-neonatal listeriosis. Virulence 2020; 11:391-397. [PMID: 32363991 PMCID: PMC7199740 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1759287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is a rare and severe foodborne infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes. It manifests as septicemia, neurolisteriosis, and maternal-fetal infection. In pregnancy, it may cause maternal fever, premature delivery, fetal loss, neonatal systemic and central nervous system infections. Maternal listeriosis is mostly reported during the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy, as sporadic cases or in the context of outbreaks. Strains belonging to clonal complexes 1, 4 and 6, referred to as hypervirulent, are the most associated to maternal-neonatal infections. Here we review the clinical, pathophysiological, and microbiological features of maternal-neonatal listeriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Charlier
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France
- Inserm U1117, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, French National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center for Listeria, Paris, France
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Institut Imagine, APHP, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France
- Inserm U1117, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France
- Inserm U1117, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, French National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center for Listeria, Paris, France
- Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Institut Imagine, APHP, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
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21
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Hu Y, Anes J, Devineau S, Fanning S. Klebsiella pneumoniae: Prevalence, Reservoirs, Antimicrobial Resistance, Pathogenicity, and Infection: A Hitherto Unrecognized Zoonotic Bacterium. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020; 18:63-84. [PMID: 33124929 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered an opportunistic pathogen, constituting an ongoing health concern for immunocompromised patients, the elderly, and neonates. Reports on the isolation of K. pneumoniae from other sources are increasing, many of which express multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Three phylogroups were identified based on nucleotide differences. Niche environments, including plants, animals, and humans appear to be colonized by different phylogroups, among which KpI (K. pneumoniae) is commonly associated with human infection. Infections with K. pneumoniae can be transmitted through contaminated food or water and can be associated with community-acquired infections or between persons and animals involved in hospital-acquired infections. Increasing reports are describing detections along the food chain, suggesting the possibility exists that this could be a hitherto unexplored reservoir for this opportunistic bacterial pathogen. Expression of MDR phenotypes elaborated by these bacteria is due to the nature of various plasmids carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-encoding genes, and is a challenge to animal, environmental, and human health alike. Raman spectroscopy has the potential to provide for the rapid identification and screening of antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella isolates. Moreover, hypervirulent isolates linked with extraintestinal infections express phenotypes that may support their niche adaptation. In this review, the prevalence, reservoirs, AMR, Raman spectroscopy detection, and pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae are summarized and various extraintestinal infection pathways are further narrated to extend our understanding of its adaptation and survival ability in reservoirs, and associated disease risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Hu
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Science Centre South, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - João Anes
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Science Centre South, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Séamus Fanning
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Science Centre South, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin (UCD), Dublin, Ireland.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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22
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Tsai YH, Chen WL. Host Lipid Rafts as the Gates for Listeria monocytogenes Infection: A Mini-Review. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1666. [PMID: 32849575 PMCID: PMC7431894 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive foodborne bacterial pathogen capable of interacting and crossing the intestinal barrier, blood–brain barrier, and placental barrier to cause deadly infection with high mortality. L. monocytogenes is an intracellular pathogen characterized by its ability to enter non-phagocytic cells. Expression of the cytolysin listeriolysin O has been shown to be the main virulence determinant in vitro and in vivo in mouse models. L. monocytogenes can also perform cell-to-cell spreading using actin-rich membrane protrusions to infect neighboring cells, which also constitutes an important strategy for infection. These events including entry into host cells, interaction between listeriolysin O and host plasma membrane, and bacterial cell-to-cell spreading have been demonstrated to implicate the cholesterol-rich lipid rafts or molecules in these microdomains in the host plasma membrane in vitro with tissue culture models. Here we review the contribution of lipid rafts on plasma membrane to L. monocytogenes infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Huan Tsai
- Laboratory of Host-Microbe Interactions and Cell Dynamics, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Chen
- Laboratory of Host-Microbe Interactions and Cell Dynamics, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Blanchard AM, Billenness R, Warren J, Glanvill A, Roden W, Drinkall E, Maboni G, Robinson RS, Rees CED, Pfarrer C, Tötemeyer S. Characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from cattle using a bovine caruncular epithelial cell model. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04476. [PMID: 32743095 PMCID: PMC7385464 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen in human and veterinary health, causing significant morbidity and mortality including abortion. It has a particular tropism for the gravid uterus, however, the route of infection in reproductive tissues of ruminants (i.e. placentome), is much less clear. In this study, we aimed to investigate a bovine caruncular epithelial cell (BCEC) line as a model for L. monocytogenes infection of the bovine reproductive tract. The BCEC infection model was used to assess the ability of 14 different L. monocytogenes isolates to infect these cells. Lysozyme sensitivity and bacterial survival in 580 μg lysozyme/ml correlated with attenuated ability to proliferate in BCEC (p = 0.004 and p = 0.02, respectively). Four isolates were significantly attenuated compared to the control strain 10403S. One of these strains (AR008) showed evidence of compromised cell wall leading to increased sensitivity to ß-lactam antibiotics, and another (7644) had compromised cell membrane integrity leading to increased sensitivity to cationic peptides. Whole genome sequencing followed by Multi Locus Sequence Type analysis identified that five invasive isolates had the same sequence type, ST59, despite originating from three different clinical conditions. Virulence gene analysis showed that the attenuated isolate LM4 was lacking two virulence genes (uhpT, virR) known to be involved in intracellular growth and virulence. In conclusion, the BCEC model was able to differentiate between the infective potential of different isolates. Moreover, resistance to lysozyme correlated with the ability to invade and replicate within BCEC, suggesting co-selection for surviving challenging environments as the abomasum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Blanchard
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rosemarie Billenness
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jessica Warren
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amy Glanvill
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - William Roden
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emma Drinkall
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Grazieli Maboni
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Robert S Robinson
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Christiane Pfarrer
- Department of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabine Tötemeyer
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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24
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Zou M, Yang J, Wiechers C, Huehn J. Acute neonatal Listeria monocytogenes infection causes long-term, organ-specific changes in immune cell subset composition. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2020; 10:98-106. [PMID: 32644940 PMCID: PMC7391377 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2020.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a food-borne pathogen with a high chance of infecting neonates, pregnant women, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Lm infection in neonates can cause neonatal meningitis and sepsis with a high risk of severe neurological and developmental sequelae and high mortality rates. However, whether an acute neonatal Lm infection causes long-term effects on the immune system persisting until adulthood has not been fully elucidated. Here, we established a neonatal Lm infection model and monitored the composition of major immune cell subsets at defined time points post infection (p.i.) in secondary lymphoid organs and the intestine. Twelve weeks p.i., the CD8+ T cell population was decreased in colon and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) with an opposing increase in the spleen. In the colon, we observed an accumulation of CD4+ and CD8+ effector/memory T cells with an increase of T-bet+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells. In addition, 12 weeks p.i. an altered composition of innate lymphoid cell (ILC) and dendritic cell (DC) subsets was still observed in colon and mLNs, respectively. Together, these findings highlight organ-specific long-term consequences of an acute neonatal Lm infection on both the adaptive and innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangge Zou
- 1Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Juhao Yang
- 1Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carolin Wiechers
- 1Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- 1Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,2Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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25
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Goebel W. From the beginning to the present state of molecular microbial pathogenesis-A tribute to Pascale Cossart. Mol Microbiol 2020; 113:538-540. [PMID: 32185837 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The universe of Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis is filled with many female and male stars. But there are two particularly bright shining supernovae-like stars: the late Stanley Falkow and the very lively and creative Pascale Cossart. These two outstanding luminaries, surrounded by numerous planets, do not only belong to different scientific generations but their splendor also comes from very different scientific concepts. Stanley Falkow, often referred to as the 'Father of Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis', made many groundbreaking contributions to this field by addressing almost all important bacterial pathogens. Pascale Cossart, who could be called in analogy the 'Queen of Modern Molecular Microbial Pathogenesis' by combining the Microbiology and Cell Biology, concentrates in her similarly impressive scientific work essentially on a single bacterial species which she studied and still studies in great depth: the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes-and the vast majority of her most prominent publications deals with this pathogen in almost all facets. It is certainly not an exaggeration to say that she together with her co-workers and collaborators developed this model bacterium into a paradigm among the intracellular bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Goebel
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
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26
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27
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Sumrall ET, Shen Y, Keller AP, Rismondo J, Pavlou M, Eugster MR, Boulos S, Disson O, Thouvenot P, Kilcher S, Wollscheid B, Cabanes D, Lecuit M, Gründling A, Loessner MJ. Phage resistance at the cost of virulence: Listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b requires galactosylated teichoic acids for InlB-mediated invasion. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008032. [PMID: 31589660 PMCID: PMC6779246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is distinguished by its ability to invade and replicate within mammalian cells. Remarkably, of the 15 serovars within the genus, strains belonging to serovar 4b cause the majority of listeriosis clinical cases and outbreaks. The Listeria O-antigens are defined by subtle structural differences amongst the peptidoglycan-associated wall-teichoic acids (WTAs), and their specific glycosylation patterns. Here, we outline the genetic determinants required for WTA decoration in serovar 4b L. monocytogenes, and demonstrate the exact nature of the 4b-specific antigen. We show that challenge by bacteriophages selects for surviving clones that feature mutations in genes involved in teichoic acid glycosylation, leading to a loss of galactose from both wall teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid molecules, and a switch from serovar 4b to 4d. Surprisingly, loss of this galactose decoration not only prevents phage adsorption, but leads to a complete loss of surface-associated Internalin B (InlB),the inability to form actin tails, and a virulence attenuation in vivo. We show that InlB specifically recognizes and attaches to galactosylated teichoic acid polymers, and is secreted upon loss of this modification, leading to a drastically reduced cellular invasiveness. Consequently, these phage-insensitive bacteria are unable to interact with cMet and gC1q-R host cell receptors, which normally trigger cellular uptake upon interaction with InlB. Collectively, we provide detailed mechanistic insight into the dual role of a surface antigen crucial for both phage adsorption and cellular invasiveness, demonstrating a trade-off between phage resistance and virulence in this opportunistic pathogen. L. monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, food-borne, intracellular pathogen that causes severe infection in susceptible individuals. Interestingly, almost all infections are caused by a subset of strains belonging to certain serovars featuring a complex glycosylation pattern on their cell surface. Using an engineered bacteriophage that specifically recognizes these modifications we selected for mutants that lost these sugars. We found that the resulting strains are severely deficient in invading host cells as we observed that a major virulence factor mediating host cell entry requires galactose decoration of the cell surface for its function. Without this galactose decoration, the strain represents a serovar not associated with disease. Altogether, we show a complex interplay between bacteriophages, bacteria, and the host, demonstrating that cellular invasiveness is dependent upon a serovar-defining structure, which also serves as a phage receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Sumrall
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yang Shen
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (YS); (MJL)
| | - Anja P. Keller
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeanine Rismondo
- Section of Microbiology and MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Pavlou
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel R. Eugster
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samy Boulos
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Disson
- Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1117, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Thouvenot
- Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1117, Paris, France
| | - Samuel Kilcher
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Wollscheid
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Didier Cabanes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U1117, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Angelika Gründling
- Section of Microbiology and MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Loessner
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (YS); (MJL)
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Phylogenetically Defined Isoforms of Listeria monocytogenes Invasion Factor InlB Differently Activate Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Interact with the Receptor gC1q-R. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174138. [PMID: 31450632 PMCID: PMC6747193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes has been evolving into a few phylogenetic lineages. Phylogenetically defined substitutions were described in the L. monocytogenes virulence factor InlB, which mediates active invasion into mammalian cells via interactions with surface receptors c-Met and gC1q-R. InlB internalin domain (idInlB) is central to interactions with c-Met. Here we compared activity of purified recombinant idInlB isoforms characteristic for L. monocytogenes phylogenetic lineage I and II. Size exclusion chromatography and intrinsic fluorescence were used to characterize idInlBs. Western blotting was used to study activation of c-Met-dependent MAPK- and PI3K/Akt-pathways. Solid-phase microplate binding and competition assay was used to quantify interactions with gCq1-R. Isogenic recombinant L. monocytogenes strains were used to elucidate the input of idInlB isoforms in HEp-2 cell invasion. Physicochemical parameters of idInlB isoforms were similar but not identical. Kinetics of Erk1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in response to purified idInlBs was lineage specific. Lineage I but not lineage II idInlB specifically bound gC1q-R. Antibody against gC1q-R amino acids 221–249 inhibited invasion of L. monocytogenes carrying lineage I but not lineage II idInlB. Taken together, obtained results suggested that phylogenetically defined substitutions in idInlB provide functional distinctions and might be involved in phylogenetically determined differences in virulence potential.
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Eisenreich W, Rudel T, Heesemann J, Goebel W. How Viral and Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens Reprogram the Metabolism of Host Cells to Allow Their Intracellular Replication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:42. [PMID: 30886834 PMCID: PMC6409310 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses and intracellular bacterial pathogens (IBPs) have in common the need of suitable host cells for efficient replication and proliferation during infection. In human infections, the cell types which both groups of pathogens are using as hosts are indeed quite similar and include phagocytic immune cells, especially monocytes/macrophages (MOs/MPs) and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as nonprofessional phagocytes, like epithelial cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. These terminally differentiated cells are normally in a metabolically quiescent state when they are encountered by these pathogens during infection. This metabolic state of the host cells does not meet the extensive need for nutrients required for efficient intracellular replication of viruses and especially IBPs which, in contrast to the viral pathogens, have to perform their own specific intracellular metabolism to survive and efficiently replicate in their host cell niches. For this goal, viruses and IBPs have to reprogram the host cell metabolism in a pathogen-specific manner to increase the supply of nutrients, energy, and metabolites which have to be provided to the pathogen to allow its replication. In viral infections, this appears to be often achieved by the interaction of specific viral factors with central metabolic regulators, including oncogenes and tumor suppressors, or by the introduction of virus-specific oncogenes. Less is so far known on the mechanisms leading to metabolic reprogramming of the host cell by IBPs. However, the still scant data suggest that similar mechanisms may also determine the reprogramming of the host cell metabolism in IBP infections. In this review, we summarize and compare the present knowledge on this important, yet still poorly understood aspect of pathogenesis of human viral and especially IBP infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Chair of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Chair of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Heesemann
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Werner Goebel
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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30
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Abstract
The Gram-positive pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is able to promote its entry into a diverse range of mammalian host cells by triggering plasma membrane remodeling, leading to bacterial engulfment. Upon cell invasion, L. monocytogenes disrupts its internalization vacuole and translocates to the cytoplasm, where bacterial replication takes place. Subsequently, L. monocytogenes uses an actin-based motility system that allows bacterial cytoplasmic movement and cell-to-cell spread. L. monocytogenes therefore subverts host cell receptors, organelles and the cytoskeleton at different infection steps, manipulating diverse cellular functions that include ion transport, membrane trafficking, post-translational modifications, phosphoinositide production, innate immune responses as well as gene expression and DNA stability.
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31
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Drolia R, Bhunia AK. Crossing the Intestinal Barrier via Listeria Adhesion Protein and Internalin A. Trends Microbiol 2019; 27:408-425. [PMID: 30661918 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelial cell lining provides the first line of defense, yet foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes can overcome this barrier; however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Though the host M cells in Peyer's patch and the bacterial invasion protein internalin A (InlA) are involved, L. monocytogenes can cross the gut barrier in their absence. The interaction of Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) with the host cell receptor (heat shock protein 60) disrupts the epithelial barrier, promoting bacterial translocation. InlA aids L. monocytogenes transcytosis via interaction with the E-cadherin receptor, which is facilitated by epithelial cell extrusion and goblet cell exocytosis; however, LAP-induced cell junction opening may be an alternative bacterial strategy for InlA access to E-cadherin and its translocation. Here, we summarize the strategies that L. monocytogenes employs to circumvent the intestinal epithelial barrier and compare and contrast these strategies with other enteric bacterial pathogens. Additionally, we provide implications of recent findings for food safety regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Drolia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Arun K Bhunia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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32
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Kühbacher A, Novy K, Quereda JJ, Sachse M, Moya-Nilges M, Wollscheid B, Cossart P, Pizarro-Cerdá J. Listeriolysin O-dependent host surfaceome remodeling modulates Listeria monocytogenes invasion. Pathog Dis 2018; 76:5184460. [PMID: 30445439 PMCID: PMC6282100 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic bacterium that invades epithelial cells by activating host signaling cascades, which promote bacterial engulfment within a phagosome. The pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO), which is required for bacteria phagosomal escape, has also been associated with the activation of several signaling pathways when secreted by extracellular bacteria, including Ca2+ influx and promotion of L. monocytogenes entry. Quantitative host surfaceome analysis revealed significant quantitative remodeling of a defined set of cell surface glycoproteins upon LLO treatment, including a subset previously identified to play a role in the L. monocytogenes infection process. Our data further shows that the lysosomal-associated membrane proteins LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 are translocated to the cellular surface and those LLO-induced Ca2+ fluxes are required to trigger the surface relocalization of LAMP-1. Finally, we identify late endosomes/lysosomes as the major donor compartments of LAMP-1 upon LLO treatment and by perturbing their function, we suggest that these organelles participate in L. monocytogenes invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kühbacher
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries Cellules, Paris F-75015, France.,INSERM, U604, Paris F-75015, France.,INRA, USC2020, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Karel Novy
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Juan J Quereda
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries Cellules, Paris F-75015, France.,INSERM, U604, Paris F-75015, France.,INRA, USC2020, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Martin Sachse
- Institut Pasteur, UTechS Ultrastructural BioImaging, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Maryse Moya-Nilges
- Institut Pasteur, UTechS Ultrastructural BioImaging, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Bernd Wollscheid
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology and Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Cossart
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries Cellules, Paris F-75015, France.,INSERM, U604, Paris F-75015, France.,INRA, USC2020, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Javier Pizarro-Cerdá
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries Cellules, Paris F-75015, France.,INSERM, U604, Paris F-75015, France.,INRA, USC2020, Paris F-75015, France.,Institut Pasteur, Unité de Recherche Yersinia, Paris F-75015, France
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33
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Disson O, Blériot C, Jacob JM, Serafini N, Dulauroy S, Jouvion G, Fevre C, Gessain G, Thouvenot P, Eberl G, Di Santo JP, Peduto L, Lecuit M. Peyer's patch myeloid cells infection by Listeria signals through gp38 + stromal cells and locks intestinal villus invasion. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2936-2954. [PMID: 30355616 PMCID: PMC6219733 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) crosses the intestinal villus epithelium via goblet cells (GCs) upon the interaction of Lm surface protein InlA with its receptor E-cadherin. Here, we show that Lm infection accelerates intestinal villus epithelium renewal while decreasing the number of GCs expressing luminally accessible E-cadherin, thereby locking Lm portal of entry. This novel innate immune response to an enteropathogen is triggered by the infection of Peyer's patch CX3CR1+ cells and the ensuing production of IL-23. It requires STAT3 phosphorylation in epithelial cells in response to IL-22 and IL-11 expressed by lamina propria gp38+ stromal cells. Lm-induced IFN-γ signaling and STAT1 phosphorylation in epithelial cells is also critical for Lm-associated intestinal epithelium response. GC depletion also leads to a decrease in colon mucus barrier thickness, thereby increasing host susceptibility to colitis. This study unveils a novel innate immune response to an enteropathogen, which implicates gp38+ stromal cells and locks intestinal villus invasion, but favors colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Camille Blériot
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Jacob
- Institut Pasteur, Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Serafini
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Dulauroy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Microenvironnement and Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Grégory Jouvion
- Institut Pasteur, Human Histopathology and Animal Models Unit, Paris, France
| | - Cindy Fevre
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Grégoire Gessain
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Thouvenot
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Eberl
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Microenvironnement and Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Institut Pasteur, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Peduto
- Institut Pasteur, Stroma, Inflammation and Tissue Repair Unit, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1224, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
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34
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Pinheiro J, Lisboa J, Pombinho R, Carvalho F, Carreaux A, Brito C, Pöntinen A, Korkeala H, dos Santos NM, Morais-Cabral JH, Sousa S, Cabanes D. MouR controls the expression of the Listeria monocytogenes Agr system and mediates virulence. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:9338-9352. [PMID: 30011022 PMCID: PMC6182135 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) causes invasive infection in susceptible animals and humans. To survive and proliferate within hosts, this facultative intracellular pathogen tightly coordinates the expression of a complex regulatory network that controls the expression of virulence factors. Here, we identified and characterized MouR, a novel virulence regulator of Lm. Through RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis, we determined the MouR regulon and demonstrated how MouR positively controls the expression of the Agr quorum sensing system (agrBDCA) of Lm. The MouR three-dimensional structure revealed a dimeric DNA-binding transcription factor belonging to the VanR class of the GntR superfamily of regulatory proteins. We also showed that by directly binding to the agr promoter region, MouR ultimately modulates chitinase activity and biofilm formation. Importantly, we demonstrated by in vitro cell invasion assays and in vivo mice infections the role of MouR in Lm virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pinheiro
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Johnny Lisboa
- Group of Fish Immunology & Vaccinology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Rita Pombinho
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Filipe Carvalho
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Alexis Carreaux
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- SDV - UFR Sciences Du Vivant: Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, Paris 75013, France
| | - Cláudia Brito
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- ICBAS- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Anna Pöntinen
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Hannu Korkeala
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Nuno M S dos Santos
- Group of Fish Immunology & Vaccinology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - João H Morais-Cabral
- Group of Structural Biochemistry, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Sandra Sousa
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Didier Cabanes
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, IBMC – Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology; i3S – Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
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35
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Vertical Transmission of Listeria monocytogenes: Probing the Balance between Protection from Pathogens and Fetal Tolerance. Pathogens 2018; 7:pathogens7020052. [PMID: 29799503 PMCID: PMC6027155 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protection of the developing fetus from pathogens is one of the many critical roles of the placenta. Listeria monocytogenes is one of a select number of pathogens that can cross the placental barrier and cause significant harm to the fetus, leading to spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, preterm labor, and disseminated neonate infection despite antibiotic treatment. Such severe outcomes serve to highlight the importance of understanding how L. monocytogenes mediates infiltration of the placental barrier. Here, we review what is currently known regarding vertical transmission of L. monocytogenes as a result of cell culture and animal models of infection. In vitro cell culture and organ models have been useful for the identification of L. monocytogenes virulence factors that contribute to placental invasion. Examples include members of the Internalin family of bacterial surface proteins such as Interalin (Inl)A, InlB, and InlP that promote invasion of cells at the maternal-fetal interface. A number of animal models have been used to interrogate L. monocytogenes vertical transmission, including mice, guinea pigs, gerbils, and non-human primates; each of these models has advantages while still not providing a comprehensive understanding of L. monocytogenes invasion of the human placenta and/or fetus. These models do, however, allow for the molecular investigation of the balance between fetal tolerance and immune protection from L. monocytogenes during pregnancy.
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36
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Cruz R, Pereira-Castro I, Almeida MT, Moreira A, Cabanes D, Sousa S. Epithelial Keratins Modulate cMet Expression and Signaling and Promote InlB-Mediated Listeria monocytogenes Infection of HeLa Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:146. [PMID: 29868502 PMCID: PMC5960701 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The host cytoskeleton is a major target for bacterial pathogens during infection. In particular, pathogens usurp the actin cytoskeleton function to strongly adhere to the host cell surface, to induce plasma membrane remodeling allowing invasion and to spread from cell to cell and disseminate to the whole organism. Keratins are cytoskeletal proteins that are the major components of intermediate filaments in epithelial cells however, their role in bacterial infection has been disregarded. Here we investigate the role of the major epithelial keratins, keratins 8 and 18 (K8 and K18), in the cellular infection by Listeria monocytogenes. We found that K8 and K18 are required for successful InlB/cMet-dependent L. monocytogenes infection, but are dispensable for InlA/E-cadherin-mediated invasion. Both K8 and K18 accumulate at InlB-mediated internalization sites following actin recruitment and modulate actin dynamics at those sites. We also reveal the key role of K8 and K18 in HGF-induced signaling which occurs downstream the activation of cMet. Strikingly, we show here that K18, and at a less extent K8, controls the expression of cMet and other surface receptors such TfR and integrin β1, by promoting the stability of their corresponding transcripts. Together, our results reveal novel functions for major epithelial keratins in the modulation of actin dynamics at the bacterial entry sites and in the control of surface receptors mRNA stability and expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cruz
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Group of Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pereira-Castro
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Gene Regulation Group, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria T Almeida
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Group of Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Moreira
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Gene Regulation Group, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Didier Cabanes
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Group of Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Sousa
- Group of Molecular Microbiology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Group of Molecular Microbiology, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Porto, Portugal
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37
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Radoshevich L, Cossart P. Listeria monocytogenes: towards a complete picture of its physiology and pathogenesis. Nat Rev Microbiol 2018; 16:32-46. [PMID: 29176582 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro.2017.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 464] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen responsible for a disease called listeriosis, which is potentially lethal in immunocompromised individuals. This bacterium, first used as a model to study cell-mediated immunity, has emerged over the past 20 years as a paradigm in infection biology, cell biology and fundamental microbiology. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in the understanding of human listeriosis and L. monocytogenes biology. We describe unsuspected modes of hijacking host cell biology, ranging from changes in organelle morphology to direct effects on host transcription via a new class of bacterial effectors called nucleomodulins. We then discuss advances in understanding infection in vivo, including the discovery of tissue-specific virulence factors and the 'arms race' among bacteria competing for a niche in the microbiota. Finally, we describe the complexity of bacterial regulation and physiology, incorporating new insights into the mechanisms of action of a series of riboregulators that are critical for efficient metabolic regulation, antibiotic resistance and interspecies competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilliana Radoshevich
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Infection, F-75015 Paris, France
- Inserm, U604, F-75015 Paris, France
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Unité sous-contrat 2020, F-75015 Paris, France
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Pascale Cossart
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Infection, F-75015 Paris, France
- Inserm, U604, F-75015 Paris, France
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Unité sous-contrat 2020, F-75015 Paris, France
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38
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Lam JGT, Vadia S, Pathak-Sharma S, McLaughlin E, Zhang X, Swanson J, Seveau S. Host cell perforation by listeriolysin O (LLO) activates a Ca 2+-dependent cPKC/Rac1/Arp2/3 signaling pathway that promotes Listeria monocytogenes internalization independently of membrane resealing. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 29:270-284. [PMID: 29187576 PMCID: PMC5996962 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-09-0561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Host cell invasion is an indispensable step for a successful infection by intracellular pathogens. Recent studies identified pathogen-induced host cell plasma membrane perforation as a novel mechanism used by diverse pathogens (Trypanosoma cruzi, Listeria monocytogenes, and adenovirus) to promote their internalization into target cells. It was concluded that T. cruzi and adenovirus damage the host cell plasma membrane to hijack the endocytic-dependent membrane resealing machinery, thereby invading the host cell. We studied L. monocytogenes and its secreted pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO) to identify key signaling events activated upon plasma membrane perforation that lead to bacterial internalization. Using various approaches, including fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging, we found that the influx of extracellular Ca2+ subsequent to LLO-mediated plasma membrane perforation is required for the activation of a conventional protein kinase C (cPKC). cPKC is positioned upstream of Rac1 and the Arp2/3 complex, which activation leads to F-actin--dependent bacterial internalization. Inhibition of this pathway did not prevent membrane resealing, revealing that perforation-dependent L. monocytogenes endocytosis is distinct from the resealing machinery. These studies identified the LLO-dependent endocytic pathway of L. monocytogenes and support a novel model for pathogen uptake promoted by plasma membrane injury that is independent of membrane resealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G T Lam
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Stephen Vadia
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sarika Pathak-Sharma
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Eric McLaughlin
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Joel Swanson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5624
| | - Stephanie Seveau
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 .,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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39
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Eisenreich W, Rudel T, Heesemann J, Goebel W. To Eat and to Be Eaten: Mutual Metabolic Adaptations of Immune Cells and Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens upon Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:316. [PMID: 28752080 PMCID: PMC5508010 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular bacterial pathogens (IBPs) invade and replicate in different cell types including immune cells, in particular of the innate immune system (IIS) during infection in the acute phase. However, immune cells primarily function as essential players in the highly effective and integrated host defense systems comprising the IIS and the adaptive immune system (AIS), which cooperatively protect the host against invading microbes including IBPs. As countermeasures, the bacterial pathogens (and in particular the IBPs) have developed strategies to evade or reprogram the IIS at various steps. The intracellular replication capacity and the anti-immune defense responses of the IBP's as well as the specific antimicrobial responses of the immune cells of the innate and the AIS depend on specific metabolic programs of the IBPs and their host cells. The metabolic programs of the immune cells supporting or counteracting replication of the IBPs appear to be mutually exclusive. Indeed, recent studies show that upon interaction of naïve, metabolically quiescent immune cells with IBPs, different metabolic activation processes occur which may result in the provision of a survival and replication niche for the pathogen or its eradication. It is therefore likely that within a possible host cell population subsets exist that are metabolically programmed for pro- or anti-microbial conditions. These metabolic programs may be triggered by the interactions between different bacterial agonistic components and host cell receptors. In this review, we summarize the current status in the field and discuss metabolic adaptation processes within immune cells of the IIS and the IBPs that support or restrict the intracellular replication of the pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Department of Chemistry, Chair of Biochemistry, Technische Universität MünchenGarching, Germany
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of WürzburgWürzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Heesemann
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of MunichMünchen, Germany
| | - Werner Goebel
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of MunichMünchen, Germany
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40
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David DJV, Cossart P. Recent advances in understanding Listeria monocytogenes infection: the importance of subcellular and physiological context. F1000Res 2017; 6. [PMID: 28781746 PMCID: PMC5516218 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11363.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial pathogen
Listeria monocytogenes (
Lm) is the causative agent of listeriosis, a rare but fatal foodborne disease. During infection,
Lm can traverse several host barriers and enter the cytosol of a variety of cell types. Thus, consideration of the extracellular and intracellular niches of
Lm is critical for understanding the infection process. Here, we review advances in our understanding of
Lm infection and highlight how the interactions between the host and the pathogen are context dependent. We discuss discoveries of how
Lm senses entry into the host cell cytosol. We present findings concerning how the nature of the various cytoskeleton components subverted by
Lm changes depending on both the stage of infection and the subcellular context. We present discoveries of critical components required for
Lm traversal of physiological barriers. Interactions between the host gut microbiota and
Lm will be briefly discussed. Finally, the importance of
Lm biodiversity and post-genomics approaches as a promising way to discover novel virulence factors will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl J V David
- Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Department of Cell Biology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Cossart
- Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Department of Cell Biology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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41
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Becattini S, Littmann ER, Carter RA, Kim SG, Morjaria SM, Ling L, Gyaltshen Y, Fontana E, Taur Y, Leiner IM, Pamer EG. Commensal microbes provide first line defense against Listeria monocytogenes infection. J Exp Med 2017; 214:1973-1989. [PMID: 28588016 PMCID: PMC5502438 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Becattini et al. provide evidence that a diverse gut microbiota antagonizes the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes in the intestinal lumen, thereby reducing bloodstream invasion. Microbiota perturbation by antibiotic treatment increases susceptibility to listeriosis, with dramatic effects in immunocompromised hosts. Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes septicemia, meningitis and chorioamnionitis and is associated with high mortality. Immunocompetent humans and animals, however, can tolerate high doses of L. monocytogenes without developing systemic disease. The intestinal microbiota provides colonization resistance against many orally acquired pathogens, and antibiotic-mediated depletion of the microbiota reduces host resistance to infection. Here we show that a diverse microbiota markedly reduces Listeria monocytogenes colonization of the gut lumen and prevents systemic dissemination. Antibiotic administration to mice before low dose oral inoculation increases L. monocytogenes growth in the intestine. In immunodeficient or chemotherapy-treated mice, the intestinal microbiota provides nonredundant defense against lethal, disseminated infection. We have assembled a consortium of commensal bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales order, which exerts in vitro antilisterial activity and confers in vivo resistance upon transfer into germ free mice. Thus, we demonstrate a defensive role of the gut microbiota against Listeria monocytogenes infection and identify intestinal commensal species that, by enhancing resistance against this pathogen, represent potential probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Becattini
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Eric R Littmann
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes Inflammation and Cancer, Molecular Microbiology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Rebecca A Carter
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sohn G Kim
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sejal M Morjaria
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lilan Ling
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes Inflammation and Cancer, Molecular Microbiology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Yangtsho Gyaltshen
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes Inflammation and Cancer, Molecular Microbiology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Emily Fontana
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes Inflammation and Cancer, Molecular Microbiology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ying Taur
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes Inflammation and Cancer, Molecular Microbiology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.,Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ingrid M Leiner
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Eric G Pamer
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY .,Lucille Castori Center for Microbes Inflammation and Cancer, Molecular Microbiology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.,Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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42
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Rocha CE, Mol JPS, Garcia LNN, Costa LF, Santos RL, Paixão TA. Comparative experimental infection of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii in bovine trophoblasts. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176911. [PMID: 28467447 PMCID: PMC5415186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular and invasive bacterium that has tropism to the placenta, and causes fetal morbidity and mortality in several mammalian species. While infection with L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii are known as important causes of abortion and reproductive failure in cattle, the pathogenesis of maternal-fetal listeriosis in this species is poorly known. This study used the bovine chorioallantoic membrane explant model to investigate the kinetics of L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii, and L. innocua infections in bovine trophoblastic cells for up to 8 h post infection. L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii were able to invade and multiply in trophoblastic cells without causing cell death or inducing expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Although L. innocua was unable to multiply in bovine trophoblastic cells, it induced transcription of the pro-inflammatory mediator CXCL6. This study demonstrated for the first time the susceptibility of bovine trophoblastic cells to L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia E. Rocha
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana P. S. Mol
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luize N. N. Garcia
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana F. Costa
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renato L. Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A. Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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43
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Imamura R, Matsumoto K. Hepatocyte growth factor in physiology and infectious diseases. Cytokine 2017; 98:97-106. [PMID: 28094206 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine composed of an α-chain and a β-chain, and these chains contain four kringle domains and a serine protease-like structure, respectively. The receptor for HGF was identified as the c-met proto-oncogene product of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase. HGF-induced signaling through the receptor Met provokes dynamic biological responses that support morphogenesis, regeneration, and the survival of various cells and tissues, which includes hepatocytes, renal tubular cells, and neurons. Characterization of tissue-specific Met knockout mice has further indicated that the HGF-Met system modulates immune cell functions and also plays an inhibitory role in the progression of chronic inflammation and fibrosis. However, the biological actions that are driven by the HGF-Met pathway all play a role in the acquisition of the malignant characteristics in tumor cells, such as invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance in the tumor microenvironment. Even though oncogenic Met signaling remains the major research focus, the HGF-Met axis has also been implicated in infectious diseases. Many pathogens try to utilize host HGF-Met system to establish comfortable environment for infection. Their strategies are not only simply change the expression level of HGF or Met, but also actively hijack HGF-Met system and deregulating Met signaling using their pathogenic factors. Consequently, the monitoring of HGF and Met expression, along with real-time detection of Met activation, can be a beneficial biomarker of these infectious diseases. Preclinical studies designed to address the therapeutic significance of HGF have been performed on injury/disease models, including acute tissue injury, chronic fibrosis, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Likewise, manipulating the HGF-Met system with complete control will lead to a tailor made treatment for those infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Imamura
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kunio Matsumoto
- Division of Tumor Dynamics and Regulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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44
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Dinner S, Kaltschmidt J, Stump-Guthier C, Hetjens S, Ishikawa H, Tenenbaum T, Schroten H, Schwerk C. Mitogen-activated protein kinases are required for effective infection of human choroid plexus epithelial cells by Listeria monocytogenes. Microbes Infect 2016; 19:18-33. [PMID: 27671041 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, a Gram-positive bacterium, can cause meningitis after invading the human central nervous system. The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), located at the epithelium of the choroid plexus, is a possible entry site for L. monocytogenes into the brain, and in vitro L. monocytogenes invades human choroid plexus epithelial papilloma (HIBCPP) cells. Although host cell signal transduction subsequent to infection by L. monocytogenes has been investigated, the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) is not clarified yet. We show that infection with L. monocytogenes causes activation of the MAPKs Erk1/2 and p38 preferentially when bacteria are added to the physiologically more relevant basolateral side of HIBCPP cells. Deletion of the listerial virulence factors Internalin (InlA) and InlB reduces MAPK activation. Whereas inhibition of either Erk1/2 or p38 signaling significantly attenuates infection of HIBCPP cells with L. monocytogenes, simultaneous inhibition of both MAPK pathways shows an additive effect, and Erk1/2 and p38 are involved in regulation of cytokine and chemokine expression following infection. Blocking of endocytosis with the synthetic dynamin inhibitor dynasore strongly abrogates infection of HIBCPP cells with L. monocytogenes. Concurrent inhibition of MAPK signaling further reduces infection, suggesting MAPKs mediate infection with L. monocytogenes during inhibition of dynamin-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Dinner
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julian Kaltschmidt
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Stump-Guthier
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Svetlana Hetjens
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry, Chyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tobias Tenenbaum
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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45
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Manipulation of host membranes by the bacterial pathogens Listeria, Francisella, Shigella and Yersinia. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 60:155-167. [PMID: 27448494 PMCID: PMC7082150 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens display an impressive arsenal of molecular mechanisms that allow survival in diverse host niches. Subversion of plasma membrane and cytoskeletal functions are common themes associated to infection by both extracellular and intracellular pathogens. Moreover, intracellular pathogens modify the structure/stability of their membrane-bound compartments and escape degradation from phagocytic or autophagic pathways. Here, we review the manipulation of host membranes by Listeria monocytogenes, Francisella tularensis, Shigella flexneri and Yersinia spp. These four bacterial model pathogens exemplify generalized strategies as well as specific features observed during bacterial infection processes.
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46
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Gessain G, Disson O, Lecuit M. [PI3-kinase activation is critical for host barrier permissiveness to Listeria monocytogenes]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:557-60. [PMID: 27406757 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163206010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Gessain
- Institut Pasteur, unité biologie des infections, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, F-75015 Paris, France - Inserm, U1117, F-75015 Paris, France - Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, cellule Pasteur, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, unité biologie des infections, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, F-75015 Paris, France - Inserm, U1117, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, unité biologie des infections, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, F-75015 Paris, France - Inserm, U1117, F-75015 Paris, France - Institut Pasteur, centre national de référence et centre collaborateur de l'OMS Listeria, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, F-75015 Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, institut Imagine, F-75015 Paris, France
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47
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Kummer A, Nishanth G, Koschel J, Klawonn F, Schlüter D, Jänsch L. Listeriosis downregulates hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes in sublethal murine infection. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:1025-1035. [PMID: 27273978 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) can cross the intestinal barrier in humans and then disseminates into different organs. Invasion of the liver occurs even in sublethal infections, however, knowledge of affected physiological processes is scarce. This study employed a sublethal murine infection model to investigate liver responses systematically by proteomics. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Liver samples from three stages of the sublethal infection covering the initial invasion, the peak of infection, and the clearance phase (1, 3, 9 days postinoculation) were analyzed in comparison to samples from noninfected mice. Apart from flow cytometry and RT-PCRs for immune status control, liver responses were analyzed by quantitative peptide sequencing (HPLC-Orbitrap Fusion) using 4-plex iTRAQ-labeling. RESULTS Accurate MS characterized about 3600 proteins and statistics revealed 15% of the hepatic proteome as regulated. Immunological data as well as protein regulation dynamics strongly indicate stage-specific hepatic responses in sublethal infections. Most notably, this study detected a comprehensive deregulation of drug metabolizing enzymes at all stages, including 25 components of the cytochrome P450 system. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Sublethal Lm infection deregulates hepatic drug metabolizing pathways. This finding indicates the need to monitor drug administration along Lm infections, especially in all patients needing constant medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kummer
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gopala Nishanth
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Organ-specific Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Frank Klawonn
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbüttel, Germany
| | - Dirk Schlüter
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Organ-specific Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Cellular Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
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48
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Barrile R, Kasendra M, Rossi-Paccani S, Merola M, Pizza M, Baldari C, Soriani M, Aricò B. Neisseria meningitidis subverts the polarized organization and intracellular trafficking of host cells to cross the epithelial barrier. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:1365-75. [PMID: 25801707 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Translocation of the nasopharyngeal barrier by Neisseria meningitidis occurs via an intracellular microtubule-dependent pathway and represents a crucial step in its pathogenesis. Despite this fact, the interaction of invasive meningococci with host subcellular compartments and the resulting impact on their organization and function have not been investigated. The influence of serogroup B strain MC58 on host cell polarity and intracellular trafficking system was assessed by confocal microscopy visualization of different plasma membrane-associated components (such as E-cadherin, ZO-1 and transferrin receptor) and evaluation of the transferrin uptake and recycling in infected Calu-3 monolayers. Additionally, the association of N. meningitidis with different endosomal compartments was evaluated through the concomitant staining of bacteria and markers specific for Rab11, Rab22a, Rab25 and Rab3 followed by confocal microscopy imaging. Subversion of the host cell architecture and intracellular trafficking system, denoted by mis-targeting of cell plasma membrane components and perturbations of transferrin transport, was shown to occur in response to N. meningitidis infection. Notably, the appearance of all of these events seems to positively correlate with the efficiency of N. meningitidis to cross the epithelial barrier. Our data reveal for the first time that N. meningitidis is able to modulate the host cell architecture and function, which might serve as a strategy of this pathogen for overcoming the nasopharyngeal barrier without affecting the monolayer integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Barrile
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (a GSK company), Siena, Italy.,Biomimetic Microsystems platform, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Magdalena Kasendra
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (a GSK company), Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi-Paccani
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (a GSK company), Siena, Italy
| | - Marcello Merola
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (a GSK company), Siena, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Pizza
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (a GSK company), Siena, Italy
| | - Cosima Baldari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Soriani
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (a GSK company), Siena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Aricò
- Department of Microbial Molecular Biology, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (a GSK company), Siena, Italy
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Du Toit A. Crossing the barriers. Nat Rev Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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