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Khan MM, Kirabo A. Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1: Salt-Sensitive Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5507. [PMID: 38791545 PMCID: PMC11122212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension stands as the leading global cause of mortality, affecting one billion individuals and serving as a crucial risk indicator for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elevated salt intake triggers inflammation and hypertension by activating antigen-presenting cells (APCs). We found that one of the primary reasons behind this pro-inflammatory response is the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), responsible for transporting sodium ions into APCs and the activation of NADPH oxidase, leading to increased oxidative stress. Oxidative stress increases lipid peroxidation and the formation of pro-inflammatory isolevuglandins (IsoLG). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression, and MALAT1, broadly expressed across cell types, including blood vessels and inflammatory cells, is also associated with inflammation regulation. In hypertension, the decreased transcriptional activity of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2 or Nfe2l2) correlates with heightened oxidative stress in APCs and impaired control of various antioxidant genes. Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), an intracellular inhibitor of Nrf2, exhibits elevated levels of hypertension. Sodium, through an increase in Sp1 transcription factor binding at its promoter, upregulates MALAT1 expression. Silencing MALAT1 inhibits sodium-induced Keap1 upregulation, facilitating the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and subsequent antioxidant gene transcription. Thus, MALAT1, acting via the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, modulates antioxidant defense in hypertension. This review explores the potential role of the lncRNA MALAT1 in controlling the Keap1-Nrf2-antioxidant defense pathway in salt-induced hypertension. The inhibition of MALAT1 holds therapeutic potential for the progression of salt-induced hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mabood Khan
- Department of Medicine, Preston Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Preston Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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2
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Liu R, Ma R, Yan X. Balanced activation of Nrf-2/ARE mediates the protective effect of sulforaphane on keratoconus in the cell mechanical microenvironment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6937. [PMID: 38521828 PMCID: PMC10960822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57596-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive degenerative disease that usually occurs bilaterally and is characterized by corneal thinning and apical protrusion of the cornea. Oxidative stress is an indicator of the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and KC keratocytes exhibit increased ROS production compared with that of normal keratocytes. Therefore, oxidative stress in KC keratocytes may play a major role in the development and progression of KC. Here, we investigated the protective effect of sulforaphane (SF) antioxidants using a hydrogel-simulated model of the cell mechanical microenvironment of KC. The stiffness of the KC matrix microenvironment in vitro was 16.70 kPa and the stiffness of the normal matrix microenvironment was 34.88 kPa. Human keratocytes (HKs) were cultured for 24 h before observation or drug treatment with H2O2 in the presence or absence of SF. The levels of oxidative stress, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and antioxidant response element (ARE) were detected. The high-stress state of HKs in the mechanical microenvironment of KC cells compensates for the activation of the Nrf-2/ARE signaling pathway. H2O2 leads to increased oxidative stress and decreased levels of antioxidant proteins in KC. In summary, SF can reduce endogenous and exogenous oxidative stress and increase the antioxidant capacity of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
- People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruojun Ma
- People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Duangdara J, Boonsri B, Sayinta A, Supradit K, Thintharua P, Kumkate S, Suriyonplengsaeng C, Larbcharoensub N, Mingphruedhi S, Rungsakulkij N, Muangkaew P, Tangtawee P, Vassanasiri W, Suragul W, Janvilisri T, Tohtong R, Bates DO, Wongprasert K. CP-673451, a Selective Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis in Opisthorchis viverrini-Associated Cholangiocarcinoma via Nrf2 Suppression and Enhanced ROS. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:9. [PMID: 38275995 PMCID: PMC10821224 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) and PDGF receptors (PDGFRs) play essential roles in promoting cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell survival by mediating paracrine crosstalk between tumor and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), indicating the potential of PDGFR as a target for CCA treatment. Clinical trials evaluating PDGFR inhibitors for CCA treatment have shown limited efficacy. Furthermore, little is known about the role of PDGF/PDGFR expression and the mechanism underlying PDGFR inhibitors in CCA related to Opisthorchis viverrini (OV). Therefore, we examined the effect of PDGFR inhibitors in OV-related CCA cells and investigated the molecular mechanism involved. We found that the PDGF and PDGFR mRNAs were overexpressed in CCA tissues compared to resection margins. Notably, PDGFR-α showed high expression in CCA cells, while PDGFR-β was predominantly expressed in CAFs. The selective inhibitor CP-673451 induced CCA cell death by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway, leading to a decreased expression of Nrf2-targeted antioxidant genes. Consequently, this led to an increase in ROS levels and the promotion of CCA apoptosis. CP-673451 is a promising PDGFR-targeted drug for CCA and supports the further clinical investigation of CP-673451 for CCA treatment, particularly in the context of OV-related cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchutha Duangdara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Boonyakorn Boonsri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Apinya Sayinta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Division of Basic and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Pathumthani University, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - Kittiya Supradit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Thintharua
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute (CNMI), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Supeecha Kumkate
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chinnawut Suriyonplengsaeng
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
| | - Noppadol Larbcharoensub
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Somkit Mingphruedhi
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Narongsak Rungsakulkij
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Paramin Muangkaew
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Pongsatorn Tangtawee
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Watoo Vassanasiri
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Wikran Suragul
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (W.V.); (W.S.)
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - David O. Bates
- Centre for Cancer Sciences, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (J.D.); (B.B.); (K.S.); (P.T.)
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Aleksandrova Y, Neganova M. Deciphering the Mysterious Relationship between the Cross-Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative and Oncological Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14766. [PMID: 37834214 PMCID: PMC10573395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between oncological pathologies and neurodegenerative disorders is extremely complex and is a topic of concern among a growing number of researchers around the world. In recent years, convincing scientific evidence has accumulated that indicates the contribution of a number of etiological factors and pathophysiological processes to the pathogenesis of these two fundamentally different diseases, thus demonstrating an intriguing relationship between oncology and neurodegeneration. In this review, we establish the general links between three intersecting aspects of oncological pathologies and neurodegenerative disorders, i.e., oxidative stress, epigenetic dysregulation, and metabolic dysfunction, examining each process in detail to establish an unusual epidemiological relationship. We also focus on reviewing the current trends in the research and the clinical application of the most promising chemical structures and therapeutic platforms that have a modulating effect on the above processes. Thus, our comprehensive analysis of the set of molecular determinants that have obvious cross-functional pathways in the pathogenesis of oncological and neurodegenerative diseases can help in the creation of advanced diagnostic tools and in the development of innovative pharmacological strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Aleksandrova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia;
| | - Margarita Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia;
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420088 Kazan, Russia
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5
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Zhang Z, Shang Y, Li S, Chen Z, Xia J, Tian Y, Jia Y, Ma A. Molecular Docking Revealed the Potential Anti-Oxidative Stress Mechanism of the Walnut Polypeptide on HT22 Cells. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071554. [PMID: 37048374 PMCID: PMC10093838 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The preparation of novel antioxidant peptides from food raw materials is one of the research focuses, but there are fewer studies on the preparation of antioxidant peptides from walnut meal, a by-product of processing walnuts. This study analyzed the antioxidant properties and protective effects of walnut protein hydrolyzed by alkaline protease and trypsin on the oxidative stress of HT22 cells. The peptides were identified by UPLC-MS/MS, and the anti-oxidative peptides were screened based on virtual computer tools. The potential anti-oxidative stress mechanism of the walnut polypeptide on HT22 cells was explored by molecular docking. The results revealed that walnut protein hydrolysates (WPH) with molecular weights of less than 1 kDa had good antioxidant properties and inhibited oxidative damage of HT22 cells by regulating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Six of the ninety identified new peptides showed good solubility, non-toxicity, and bioactivity. The molecular docking results showed that the six peptides could dock with Keap1 successfully, and EYWNR and FQLPR (single-letter forms of peptide writing) could interact with the binding site of Nrf2 in the Keap1-Kelch structural domain through hydrogen bonds with strong binding forces. The results of this study provided important information on the antioxidant molecular mechanism of the walnut polypeptide and provided a basis for further development of walnut antioxidant polypeptide products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuting Shang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Siting Li
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Junxia Xia
- Hebei Yangyuan ZhiHui Beverage Co., Ltd., Hengshui 053000, China
| | - Yiling Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yingmin Jia
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Aijin Ma
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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6
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Lee Y, Park HR, Lee JY, Kim J, Yang S, Lee C, Kim K, Kim HS, Chang SC, Lee J. Low-dose curcumin enhances hippocampal neurogenesis and memory retention in young mice. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:423-437. [PMID: 36947339 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis generates new functional neurons from adult neural stem cells in various regions, including the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and subgranular zone (SGZ) of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Available evidence shows hippocampal neurogenesis can be negatively or positively regulated by dietary components. In a previous study, we reported that curcumin (diferuloylmethane; a polyphenolic found in curry spice) stimulates the proliferation of embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) by activating adaptive cellular stress responses. Here, we investigated whether subchronic administration of curcumin (once daily at 0.4, 2, or 10 mg/kg for 14 days) promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and neurocognitive function in young (5-week-old) mice. Oral administration of low-dose curcumin (0.4 mg/kg) increased the proliferation and survival of newly generated cells in hippocampus, but surprisingly, high-dose curcumin (10 mg/kg) did not effectively upregulate the proliferation or survival of newborn cells. Furthermore, hippocampal BDNF levels and phosphorylated CREB activity were elevated in only low-dose curcumin-treated mice. Passive avoidance testing revealed that low-dose curcumin increased cross-over latency times, indicating enhanced memory retention, and an in vitro study showed that low-concentration curcumin increased the proliferative activity of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) by upregulating NF1X levels. Collectively, our findings suggest that low-dose curcumin has neurogenic effects and that it may prevent age and neurodegenerative disease-related cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ra Park
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonguk Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Kipom Kim
- Research Strategy Office, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- Division of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Cheol Chang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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The Regulatory Effect of Phytochemicals on Chronic Diseases by Targeting Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020236. [PMID: 36829795 PMCID: PMC9952802 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox balance is essential to maintain the body's normal metabolism. Once disrupted, it may lead to various chronic diseases, such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer, aging, etc. Oxidative stress can cause or aggravate a series of pathological processes. Inhibition of oxidative stress and related pathological processes can help to ameliorate these chronic diseases, which have been found to be associated with Nrf2 activation. Nrf2 activation can not only regulate the expression of a series of antioxidant genes that reduce oxidative stress and its damage, but also directly regulate genes related to the above-mentioned pathological processes to counter the corresponding changes. Therefore, targeting Nrf2 has great potential for the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases, and many natural phytochemicals have been reported as Nrf2 activators although the defined mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This review article focuses on the possible mechanism of Nrf2 activation by natural phytochemicals in the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases and the regulation of oxidative stress. Moreover, the current clinical trials of phytochemical-originated drug discovery by targeting the Nrf2-ARE pathway were also summarized; the outcomes or the relationship between phytochemicals and chronic diseases prevention are finally analyzed to propose the future research strategies and prospective.
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Dai W, Chen QM. Fresh Medium or L-Cystine as an Effective Nrf2 Inducer for Cytoprotection in Cell Culture. Cells 2023; 12:291. [PMID: 36672226 PMCID: PMC9856306 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Nrf2 gene encodes a transcription factor best known for regulating the expression of antioxidant and detoxification genes. A long list of small molecules has been reported to induce Nrf2 protein via Keap1 oxidation or alkylation. Many of these Nrf2 inducers exhibit off-target or toxic effects due to their nature as electrophiles. In searching for non-toxic Nrf2 inducers, we found that a culture medium change to fresh DMEM is capable of inducing Nrf2 protein in HeLa, HEK293, AC16 and MCF7 cells. Testing the components of DMEM led to the discovery of L-Cystine as an effective Nrf2 inducer. L-Cystine induces a dose-dependent increase of Nrf2 protein, from 0.1 to 1.6 mM. RNA-seq analyses and RT-PCR revealed an induction of multiple Nrf2 downstream genes, including NQO1, HMOX1, GCLC, GCLM, SRXN1, TXNRD1, AKR1C and OSGIN1 by 0.8 mM L-Cystine. The induction of Nrf2 protein was dependent on L-Cystine entering cells via the cystine/glutamate antiporter and the presence of Keap1. The half-life of Nrf2 protein increased from 19.4 min to 30.9 min with 0.8 mM L-Cystine treatment. L-Cystine was capable of eliciting cytoprotection by reducing ROS generation and protecting against oxidant- or doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. As an amino acid derivative, L-Cystine is considered a non-toxic Nrf2 inducer that exhibits the potential for protection against oxidative stress and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qin M. Chen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Xiao J, Zhang G, Chen B, He Q, Mai J, Chen W, Pan Z, Yang J, Li J, Ma Y, Wang T, Wang H. Quercetin protects against iron overload-induced osteoporosis through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Life Sci 2023; 322:121326. [PMID: 36639053 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Eucommia is the tree bark of Eucommia japonica, family Eucommiaceae. In traditional Chinese medicine, Eucommia is often used to treat osteoporosis. Quercetin (QUE), a major flavonoid extract of Eucommia japonica, has been reported to have anti-osteoporosis effects. However, there are no studies reporting the mechanism of QUE in the treatment of iron overload-induced osteoporosis. This study set out to investigate the therapeutic effects of QUE against iron overload-induced bone loss and its potential molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro, MC3T3-E1 cells were used to study the effects of QUE on osteogenic differentiation, anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress damage in an iron overload environment (FAC 200 μM). In vivo, we constructed an iron overload mouse model by injecting iron dextrose intraperitoneally and assessed the osteoprotective effects of QUE by Micro-CT and histological analysis. KEY FINDINGS In vitro, we found that QUE increased the ALP activity of MC3T3-E1 cells in iron overload environment, promoted the formation of bone mineralized nodules and upregulated the expression of Runx2 and Osterix. In addition, QUE was able to reduce FAC-induced apoptosis and ROS production, down-regulated the expression of Caspase3 and Bax, and up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2. In further studies, we found that QUE activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and attenuated FAC-induced oxidative stress damage. The results of the in vivo study showed that QUE was able to reduce iron deposition induced by iron dextrose and attenuate bone loss. SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggested that QUE protects against iron overload-induced osteoporosis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Xiao
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Gangyu Zhang
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bohao Chen
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Qi He
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Jiale Mai
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Weijian Chen
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Zhaofeng Pan
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Junzheng Yang
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Jianliang Li
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Yanhuai Ma
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, PR China.
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10
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Wang Q, Lin D, Liu XF, Dai F, Jin XJ, Zhou B. Engineering piperlongumine-inspired analogs as Nrf2-dependent neuroprotectors against oxidative damage by an electrophilicity-based strategy. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 194:298-307. [PMID: 36528122 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes significantly to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, thus developing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-dependent neuroprotectors is highly required for either prevention or treatment of these diseases. This work highlights an electrophilicity-based strategy that allows finding more active Nrf2-dependent neuroprotectors than natural piperlongumine (PL). Electrophilic modification was applied on both the exocylic and endocyclic Michael acceptors of PL, which includes placement of an electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl group on its aromatic ring in the ortho, meta, or para position to the exocyclic olefin, and further introduction of an electron-withdrawing α-chlorine on its lactam ring. From a panel of PL analogs, we identified PLCl-4CF3, characterized by the presence of p-trifluoromethyl group and α-chlorine, to be significantly superior to the parent PL in protecting PC12 cells from oxidative damage induced by 6-hydroxydopamine hydrochloride. Mechanistic studies reveal that the increased electrophilicity of PLCl-4CF3 in its two Michael acceptors allows its ability to covalently modify Cys-151 at Keap1, facilitating inhibition against Nrf2 ubiquitination, translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, induction of phase 2 enzymes and final protection of PC12 cells from oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Dong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xue-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine and Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi East Road, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Fang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Xiao-Jie Jin
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine and Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 35 Dingxi East Road, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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11
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Li H, Cong X, Yu W, Jiang Z, Fu K, Cao R, Tian W, Feng Y. Baicalin inhibits oxidative injures of mouse uterine tissue induced by acute heat stress through activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:717-725. [PMID: 36270181 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress effect the physiological functions of body, and reproductive system is one of the most sensitive. It's imperative to find out suitable measures to alleviate harmful effects of heat stress. Baicalin is well-known with its antioxidative property. To examine whether Baicalin could reduce oxidative injures of uterine tissue in heat-stressed mice. The mice were divided into four groups: control (Con), Baicalin (Bai), heat stress (H) and heat stress plus Baicalin (H + Bai). The oxidative damage of uterine tissue was detected by ELISA, H&E staining, tunnel assay and immunohistochemical staining. The protein/mRNA expressions of Keap1/Nrf2 related factors were detected by Western blot or QPCR. The results showed that mice heat-stressed at 41 °C for 2 h induced macroscopic changes, significantly increased MDA content and reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes including SOD, CAT and GSH-Px of the uterine tissue. Compared with Con group, heat stress up-regulated caspase-3 and caspase-9, enhanced the apoptosis of endometrial epithelial and glandular epithelial cells, improved the HO-1 mRNA/protein and NQO1 protein expressions, while down-regulated the mRNA/protein of Keap1. Compared with H group, antioxidant enzyme activities, Nrf2 protein and Nrf2, NQO1 and GCLC mRNA expressions were significantly increased in the H + Bai group. While the uterine epithelial cells apoptosis, MDA contents, caspase-3, caspase-9 and Keap1 protein and HO-1 mRNA expressions were decreased in the H + Bai group of mice compared with that in H group. Briefly, acute heat stress causes oxidative injures and apoptosis of mouse uterine tissue and Baicalin protects uterine tissue from the damages possibly through Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huatao Li
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China
| | - Xia Cong
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongling Jiang
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China
| | - Kaiqiang Fu
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China
| | - Rongfeng Cao
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China
| | - Wenru Tian
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China.
| | - Yanni Feng
- Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China.
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12
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Antioxidant Properties of Hemp Proteins: From Functional Food to Phytotherapy and Beyond. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227924. [PMID: 36432024 PMCID: PMC9693028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the oldest plants cultivated by humans, hemp used to be banned in the United States but returned as a legal crop in 2018. Since then, the United States has become the leading hemp producer in the world. Currently, hemp attracts increasing attention from consumers and scientists as hemp products provide a wide spectrum of potential functions. Particularly, bioactive peptides derived from hemp proteins have been proven to be strong antioxidants, which is an extremely hot research topic in recent years. However, some controversial disputes and unknown issues are still underway to be explored and verified in the aspects of technique, methodology, characteristic, mechanism, application, caution, etc. Therefore, this review focusing on the antioxidant properties of hemp proteins is necessary to discuss the multiple critical issues, including in vitro structure-modifying techniques and antioxidant assays, structure-activity relationships of antioxidant peptides, pre-clinical studies on hemp proteins and pathogenesis-related molecular mechanisms, usage and potential hazard, and novel advanced techniques involving bioinformatics methodology (QSAR, PPI, GO, KEGG), proteomic analysis, and genomics analysis, etc. Taken together, the antioxidant potential of hemp proteins may provide both functional food benefits and phytotherapy efficacy to human health.
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13
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Wu W, Wang S, Zhang L, Mao B, Wang B, Wang X, Zhao D, Zhao P, Mou Y, Yan P. Mechanistic studies of MALAT1 in respiratory diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1031861. [PMID: 36419933 PMCID: PMC9676952 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1031861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of respiratory diseases and the respiratory disease mortality rate have increased in recent years. Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 is involved in various respiratory diseases. In vascular endothelial and cancer cells, MALAT1 expression triggers various changes such as proinflammatory cytokine expression, cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, and increased endothelial cell permeability. Methods: In this review, we performed a relative concentration index (RCI) analysis of the lncRNA database to assess differences in MALAT1 expression in different cell lines and at different locations in the same cell, and summarize the molecular mechanisms of MALAT1 in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases and its potential therapeutic application in these conditions. Results: MALAT1 plays an important regulatory role in lncRNA with a wide range of effects in respiratory diseases. The available evidence shows that MALAT1 plays an important role in the regulation of multiple respiratory diseases. Conclusion: MALAT1 is an important regulatory biomarker for respiratory disease. Targeting the regulation MALAT1 could have important applications for the future treatment of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shihao Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Beibei Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Pan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunying Mou
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Peizheng Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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14
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Hao H, Xie F, Xu F, Wang Q, Wu Y, Zhang D. LipoxinA 4 analog BML-111 protects podocytes cultured in high-glucose medium against oxidative injury via activating Nrf2 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109170. [PMID: 36007391 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that the activation of the Nrf2 pathway alleviates oxidative stress and podocyte damage. Emerging evidence indicates that the dual anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution lipid mediator, lipoxin A4 (LXA4), has antioxidant activity. The aim of the present study was to confirm that BML-111, an analog of LXA4, prevents oxidative injury in diabetic podocytes via the regulation of the Nrf2 pathway. Here, we found that BML-111 inhibited high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative injury in the podocyte cell line, MPC5, in vitro, through activating Nrf2. Mechanistically, BML-111 significantly activated Nrf2 and its phase II enzymes, including Nqo1 and Ho-1. Moreover, BML-111 suppressed the migration of MPC5 cells. Additionally, BML-111 decreased the expression of Vcam, Icam and inflammatory cytokines (Il-1α, Il-6, and Tnf) in MPC5 cells. Importantly, BML-111 ameliorated blood glucose levels (approximately 75% of that in the SMZ group) and kidney damage by activating Nrf2, and its phase II enzymes, in diabetic mice. These effects are mainly mediated by Fpr2, a specific LXA4 receptor. Our findings demonstrate that BML-111 alleviates the injury of diabetic podocytes and kidneys by regulating the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Hao
- Department of Pathology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Fangping Xie
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Fen Xu
- Medical Examination Center, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Dongxin Zhang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China.
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15
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Ijomone OM, Iroegbu JD, Morcillo P, Ayodele AJ, Ijomone OK, Bornhorst J, Schwerdtle T, Aschner M. Sex-dependent metal accumulation and immunoexpression of Hsp70 and Nrf2 in rats' brain following manganese exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2167-2177. [PMID: 35596948 PMCID: PMC9357062 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn), although important for multiple cellular processes, has posed environmental health concerns due to its neurotoxic effects. In recent years, there have been extensive studies on the mechanism of Mn-induced neuropathology, as well as the sex-dependent vulnerability to its neurotoxic effects. Nonetheless, cellular mechanisms influenced by sex differences in susceptibility to Mn have yet to be adequately characterized. Since oxidative stress is a key mechanism of Mn neurotoxicity, here, we have probed Hsp70 and Nrf2 proteins to investigate the sex-dependent changes following exposure to Mn. Male and female rats were administered intraperitoneal injections of MnCl2 (10 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg) 48 hourly for a total of eight injections (15 days). We evaluated changes in body weight, as well as Mn accumulation, Nrf2 and Hsp70 expression across four brain regions; striatum, cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum in both sexes. Our results showed sex-specific changes in body-weight, specifically in males but not in females. Additionally, we noted sex-dependent accumulation of Mn in the brain, as well as in expression levels of Nrf2 and Hsp70 proteins. These findings revealed sex-dependent susceptibility to Mn-induced neurotoxicity corresponding to differential Mn accumulation, and expression of Hsp70 and Nrf2 across several brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omamuyovwi M. Ijomone
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- The Neuro- Lab, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Joy D. Iroegbu
- The Neuro- Lab, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Patricia Morcillo
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Akinyemi J. Ayodele
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Olayemi K. Ijomone
- The Neuro- Lab, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
- TraceAge – DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- TraceAge – DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Michael Aschner
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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16
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Regulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Axis by Glycyrrhetinic Acid Promoted Oxidative Stress-Induced H9C2 Cell Apoptosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2875558. [PMID: 36065263 PMCID: PMC9440773 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2875558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) could interfere with the physiological capacities of H9C2 cells and cause cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), one of the main medicinal component of Glycyrrhetinic Radix et Rhizoma, shows toxic and adverse side effects in the clinic setting. In particular, some studies have reported that GA exerts toxic effects on H9C2 cells. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of GA-induced oxidative stress on cultured H9C2 cells and reveal the relevant signaling pathways. LDH assay was used to assess cell damage. Apoptosis was detected using Hoechst 33242 and a propidium iodide (PI) assay. An Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI double-staining assay was utilized to investigate GA-induced apoptosis in H9C2 cells. The expression level of specific genes/proteins was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Flow cytometry and DCFH-DA fluorescent testing were used to determine the ROS levels of H9C2 cells. The potential mechanism of GA-induced cardiomyocyte injury was also investigated. GA treatment increased ROS generation and mitochondrial membrane depolarization and triggered caspase-3/9 activation and apoptosis. GA treatment also caused the nuclear translocation of NF-E2-related factor 2 after its dissociation from Keap1. This change was accompanied by a dose-dependent decline in the expression of the downstream target gene heme oxygenase-1. The findings demonstrated that GA could regulate the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling axis and induce oxidative stress to promote the apoptosis of H9C2 cells.
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17
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Chen QX, Zhou L, Long T, Qin DL, Wang YL, Ye Y, Zhou XG, Wu JM, Wu AG. Galangin Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects in 6-OHDA-Induced Models of Parkinson’s Disease via the Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081014. [PMID: 36015161 PMCID: PMC9413091 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and there is still no cure for it. PD is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and oxidative stress has been considered an important pathological mechanism. Therefore, the discovery of antioxidants to alleviate the oxidative damage of dopaminergic neurons is a promising therapeutic strategy for PD. First, a network pharmacology approach was used, and nine common core targets of galangin and PD were screened, mainly involving cell aging, apoptosis, and cellular responses to hydrogen peroxide and hypoxia. In addition, the Gene Ontology (GO) function and pathway enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) identified apoptosis, PI3K/Akt, and HIF-1 signaling pathways. Furthermore, the molecular docking results revealed a strong affinity between galangin and the NFE2L2/Nrf2 protein. To validate the above predictions, we employed 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to induce neuronal death in HT22 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). MTT, cell morphology observation, and Hoechst 33342-PI staining results showed that galangin significantly increased the viability of 6-OHDA-treated HT22 cells. In addition, galangin inhibited 6-OHDA-induced ROS generation and apoptosis in HT22 cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that galangin activates the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, as evidenced by the decreased protein expression of Keap1 and increased protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. In the 6-OHDA-induced PD model of C. elegans, galangin indeed inhibited the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, improved behavioral ability, and decreased ROS generation. In conclusion, the current study is the first to show that galangin has the capacity to inhibit neuronal degeneration via the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, suggesting that galangin is a possible PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Xu Chen
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Tao Long
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yi-Ling Wang
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yun Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (J.-M.W.); (A.-G.W.)
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Materia Medica, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (J.-M.W.); (A.-G.W.)
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18
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Zhang S, Duan S, Xie Z, Bao W, Xu B, Yang W, Zhou L. Epigenetic Therapeutics Targeting NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Cancer Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924817. [PMID: 35754474 PMCID: PMC9218606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its negative regulator kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) regulate various genes involved in redox homeostasis, which protects cells from stress conditions such as reactive oxygen species and therefore exerts beneficial effects on suppression of carcinogenesis. In addition to their pivotal role in cellular physiology, accumulating innovative studies indicated that NRF2/KEAP1-governed pathways may conversely be oncogenic and cause therapy resistance, which was profoundly modulated by epigenetic mechanism. Therefore, targeting epigenetic regulation in NRF2/KEAP1 signaling is a potential strategy for cancer treatment. In this paper, the current knowledge on the role of NRF2/KEAP1 signaling in cancer oxidative stress is presented, with a focus on how epigenetic modifications might influence cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, the prospect that epigenetic changes may be used as therapeutic targets for tumor treatment is also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sining Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanlin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
| | - Wenbin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medical Affairs, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Datta S, Ghosh S, Bishayee A, Sinha D. Flexion of Nrf2 by tea phytochemicals: A review on the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic implications. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106319. [PMID: 35732198 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the redox-sensitive transcription factor, plays a key role in stress-defense and detoxification. Nrf2 is tightly controlled by its negative regulator cum sensor Kelch-[ECH]-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Nrf2 is well known for its dual nature owing to its cancer preventive and cancer promoting abilities. Modulation of this biphasic nature of Nrf2 signaling by phytochemicals may be a potential cancer preventive and anticancer therapeutic strategy. Phytocompounds may either act as Nrf2-activator or Nrf2-inhibitor depending on their differential concentration and varied cellular environment. Tea is not just the most popular global beverage with innumerable health-benefits but has well-established chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects. Various types of tea infusions contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenolic catechins and flavonols, which are endowed with potent antioxidant properties. Despite of their rapid biotransformation and poor bioavailability, regular tea consumption is risk-reductive for several cancer forms. Tea catechins show their dual Nrf2-modulatory effect by directly acting on Nrf2-Keap1 or their upstream regulators and downstream effectors in a highly case-specific manner. In this review, we have tried to present a comprehensive evaluation of the Nrf2-mediated chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic applications of tea in various preclinical cancer models, the Nrf2-modulatory mechanisms, and the limitations which need to be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchisnigdha Datta
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata - 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukanya Ghosh
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata - 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
| | - Dona Sinha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata - 700 026, West Bengal, India.
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Jin B, Li G, Zhou L, Fan Z. Mechanism Involved in Acute Liver Injury Induced by Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924695. [PMID: 35694264 PMCID: PMC9185410 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a common pathophysiological process, which can occur in many conditions such as acute enteric ischemia, severe burns, small intestinal transplantation, etc,. Ischemia-reperfusion of the intestine is often accompanied by distal organ injury, especially liver injury. This paper outlined the signal pathways and cytokines involved in acute liver injury induced by intestinal I/R: the NF-κB Signaling Pathway, the P66shc Signaling Pathway, the HMGB1 Signaling Pathway, the Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway, the AMPK-SIRT-1 Signaling Pathway and other cytokines, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of liver injury caused by reperfusion after intestinal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Outpatient, the NO. 967 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhe Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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21
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Hou T, Netala VR, Zhang H, Xing Y, Li H, Zhang Z. Perilla frutescens: A Rich Source of Pharmacological Active Compounds. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113578. [PMID: 35684514 PMCID: PMC9182122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, an important pharmaceutical and nutraceutical crop, is widely cultivated in East Asian countries. In this review, we present the latest research findings on the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of P. frutescens. Different databases, including PubMed, Scopus, CNKI, Agricola, Scifinder, Embase, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, and Web of Science, were searched to present the best review. In this review, we clearly represent the active constituents responsible for each and every pharmacological activity, plausible mechanism of action, and maximum inhibitory concentrations, as well as IC50 values. Approximately 400 different bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, quinines, phenylpropanoids, polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, coumarins, anthocyanins, carotenoids, neolignans, fatty acids, polycosanols, tocopherols, and sitosterols, have been reported in the leaves, seeds, roots, and aerial parts of P. frutescens. The bioactive constituents of P. frutescens exhibited different enzyme-inhibition properties, including antihyaluronidase effects and aldose reductase inhibitory, α-glucosidase inhibitory, xanthine oxidase inhibitory, and tyrosinase inhibitory properties. P. frutescens showed strong anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, anti-spasmodic, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. Hence, the active constituents of P. frutescens used in the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy), prevention of hyperuricemia in gout patients, hyper pigmentation, allergic conditions, skin inflammation, skin allergy, atopic dermatitis, periodontosis, androgenic alopecia, gastric inflammation, oesophagitis, carcinogenesis, cardiovascular, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and cerebral ischemic disorders. Furthermore, we revealed the most active constituents and possible mechanisms of the pharmacological properties of P. frutescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (V.R.N.); (H.Z.); (H.L.)
- Jinzhong Institute of Industrial Technology and Innovation, North University of China, Jinzhong 030600, China
- Correspondence: or (T.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Vasudeva Reddy Netala
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (V.R.N.); (H.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongjiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (V.R.N.); (H.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Yun Xing
- Graduate School of Humanities, Nagoya University, Nagoya 4648601, Japan;
| | - Huizhen Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (V.R.N.); (H.Z.); (H.L.)
- Jinzhong Institute of Industrial Technology and Innovation, North University of China, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (V.R.N.); (H.Z.); (H.L.)
- Jinzhong Institute of Industrial Technology and Innovation, North University of China, Jinzhong 030600, China
- Correspondence: or (T.H.); (Z.Z.)
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22
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Suzen S, Tucci P, Profumo E, Buttari B, Saso L. A Pivotal Role of Nrf2 in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A New Way for Therapeutic Strategies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060692. [PMID: 35745610 PMCID: PMC9227112 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical research indicates that neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by excess levels of oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers and by lower levels of antioxidant protection in the brain and peripheral tissues. Dysregulations in the oxidant/antioxidant balance are known to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and involve mitochondrial dysfunction, protein misfolding, and neuroinflammation, all events that lead to the proteostatic collapse of neuronal cells and their loss. Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a short-lived protein that works as a transcription factor and is related to the expression of many cytoprotective genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism and antioxidant responses. A major emerging function of Nrf2 from studies over the past decade is its role in resistance to OS. Nrf2 is a key regulator of OS defense and research supports a protective and defending role of Nrf2 against neurodegenerative conditions. This review describes the influence of Nrf2 on OS and in what way Nrf2 regulates antioxidant defense for neurodegenerative conditions. Furthermore, we evaluate recent research and evidence for a beneficial and potential role of specific Nrf2 activator compounds as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-533-391-5844
| | - Paolo Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology ‘‘Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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23
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Lipoxin A 4 and its analog attenuate high fat diet-induced atherosclerosis via Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 412:113025. [PMID: 35026282 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capacity of macrophages are initial factors which cause macrophages to transform to foam cells, which represents a key event in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). BML-111, the analog of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) strongly attenuated high fat (HF) diet-induced atherosclerosis by activating NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). However, the effect was not through a specific LXA4 receptor (formyl peptide receptor 2, FPR2). BML-111 also strongly inhibited HF diet-induced promotion of MDA level, increased HDL level and decreased IL-1, MCP-1, IL-6, VCAM, ICAM and TNF-α level in aorta. In the in vitro experiments, LXA4 inhibited THP-1 cells to transform to foam cells via Nrf2 pathway. Our findings demonstrated that LXA4 and its analog prevented AS induced by HF diet in SD rats, under which the possible mechanism is through Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Du P, Zhang X, Luo K, Li Y, Fu C, Xiao J, Xiao Q. Curculigoside mitigates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis via activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221087146. [PMID: 35331031 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221087146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Curculigoside has been shown to decrease oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in many disorders, but its effects during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remain unknown. This research aims to determine the protective role and the potential mechanism of action of curculigoside in hepatic IRI. Here, a well-established rat model of partial warm IRI was constructed; serum ALT/AST and H&E staining were employed to assay the extent of liver injury; the superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, IL-6, and TNF-α contents were determined using the corresponding kits; the apoptosis index was evaluated by TUNEL staining; and the expression of Nrf-2, HO-1, and apoptosis-associated proteins was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that curculigoside pretreatment effectively mitigated hepatic IRI, as demonstrated by decreases in the levels of serum aminotransferases, hepatocellular necrosis and apoptosis, oxidative stress markers, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1 was greatly suppressed by hepatic IRI and reactivated by curculigoside. Furthermore, cotreatment with ML-385, an inhibitor of Nrf-2, counteracted the protective effect of curculigoside against hepatic IRI. The results of our study show that curculigoside plays a protective role in hepatic IRI by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and that its effects may be associated with activation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Du
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingjian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kaifeng Luo
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengchao Fu
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiansheng Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, 117970The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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25
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Truong VL, Jeong WS. Red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) oil: A comprehensive review of extraction technologies, chemical composition, health benefits, molecular mechanisms, and safety. J Ginseng Res 2021; 46:214-224. [PMID: 35509821 PMCID: PMC9058829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Red ginseng oil (RGO), rather than the conventional aqueous extract of red ginseng, has been receiving much attention due to accumulating evidence of its functional and pharmacological potential. In this review, we describe the key extraction technologies, chemical composition, potential health benefits, and safety of RGO. This review emphasizes the proposed molecular mechanisms by which RGO is involved in various bioactivities. RGO is mainly produced using organic solvents or supercritical fluid extraction, with the choice of method greatly affecting the yield and quality of the end products. RGO contains a high unsaturated fatty acid levels along with considerable amounts of lipophilic components such as phytosterols, tocopherols, and polyacetylenes. The beneficial health properties of RGO include cellular defense, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, chemoprevention, hair growth promotion, and skin health improvement. We propose several molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that underlie the bioactivity of RGO. In addition, RGO is regarded as safe and nontoxic. Further studies on RGO must focus on a deeper understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms, composition–functionality relationship, and verification of the bioactivities of RGO in clinical models. This review may provide useful information in the development of RGO-based products in nutraceuticals, functional foods, and functional cosmetics.
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26
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Chlorogenic Acid Protects against Advanced Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Rats via Modulation of Redox Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Lipogenesis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114155. [PMID: 34836410 PMCID: PMC8617701 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in rats with advanced alcoholic steatohepatitis. The rats were fed on a high-fat diet and gavaged with ethanol (4 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The livers of ethanol-treated rats showed steatosis; necrosis and mononuclear infiltration; and significant upregulation of the mRNA expression of the prooxidant (Cyp2e1, iNos), lipogenic (Srebp1, Acc), proinflammatory (Tlr4, Nf-κb, TnfA, Il-1B, and Il-6), and profibrogenic (TgfB, Col1, VegfA) genes. Simultaneously, a downregulation of level of Sod and Nrf2 was observed, which was accompanied by increased serum transaminase, TnfA, and serum and liver triglycerides levels. CGA administration (40 and 80 mg/kg, 8 weeks) to ethanol-fed group reduced the liver expression levels of Cyp2e1 and iNos, whereas it markedly enhanced the expression of Sod, Nrf2, and Ho-1. CGA at both doses downregulated the expressions of lipogenic, proinflammatory, and profibrogenic genes, while the expression of Tlr4 was lowered only after the higher dose of CGA. The higher dose of CGA efficiently prevented the progression of alcohol-induced steatosis and reduced inflammation through regulation of the expression of genes encoding the proteins involved in the Tlr4/Nf-κB signaling pathway and fibrosis. The study revealed hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of CGA through the regulation of expression of genes encoding Cyp2e1/Nrf2 involved in oxidative stress modulation. These results demonstrate CGA as a therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Rodríguez-Arce E, Saldías M. Antioxidant properties of flavonoid metal complexes and their potential inclusion in the development of novel strategies for the treatment against neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112236. [PMID: 34649360 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased oxidative stress in the acceleration of the aging process and development of the neuronal disorder are the common feature detected in neurodegenerative illness, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Searching for new treatment against these diseases, the inclusion of exogenous antioxidant agents has shown good results. Flavonoids are polyphenols compounds present in plants, fruits and vegetables that exhibit potent antioxidant and biological properties, which are related to their chemical structure that to confer an excellent radical scavenging ability. The design of metal-flavonoid complexes allows to obtain compounds with improved biological and physicochemical properties, generating important increase of the flavonoid antioxidant properties. This evidence we motive to propose that antioxidant properties of the metal flavonoids compounds can play an important role in the design of potential novel therapeutic strategies. This review presents the structure-activity relationship on the antioxidant properties of three series of metal-flavonoid complexes: M-(quercetin), M-(morin), and M-(rutin). In general, we observed that the coordination sites, the metal ion type used, and the molar ratio metal:flavonoid present in the complexes, are important factors for to increase the antioxidant activity. On these evidences we motive to propose that the development of metal-flavonoid compounds is a potentially viable approach for combating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Rodríguez-Arce
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Marianela Saldías
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Central de Chile, Toesca 1783, Santiago, Chile.
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28
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Jin M, Wang Y, An X, Kang H, Wang Y, Wang G, Gao Y, Wu S, Reinach PS, Liu Z, Xue Y, Li C. Phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the corneal epithelium following exposure to cigarette smoke. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117540. [PMID: 34147784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke extract (CSE), a complex mixture of compounds, contributes to a range of eye diseases; however, the underlying pathophysiological responses to tobacco smoke remain ambiguous. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cigarette smoke-induced phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in the corneal epithelium with a view to elucidating the likely underlying mechanism. Accordingly, for the first time, we characterized the genome-wide effects of CSE on the corneal epithelium. The ocular surface of the mice in the experimental groups was exposed to CSE for 1 h per day for a period of one week, while mice in the control group were exposed to preservative-free artificial tears. Corneal fluorescein staining, in vivo confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were performed to examine the corneal ultrastructure. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed followed by RT-qPCR to validate gene expression changes. The results indicate that CSE exposure disrupted the structural integrity of the superficial epithelium, decreased the density of microvilli, and compromised the corneal epithelial barrier intactness. RNA-seq revealed 667 differentially expressed genes, and functional analysis highlighted the enhancement of several biological processes such as antioxidant activity and the response to oxidative stress. Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that glutathione metabolism and drug metabolism cytochrome P450 were the most relevant pathways contributing to the effects of CSE on the corneal epithelium. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis illustrated that GCLC, NQO1, and HMOX1 were the most relevant nodes. In conclusion, the present study indicates that CSE exposure induces changes in the phenotype and genotype of the corneal epithelium. The antioxidant response element is essential for counteracting the effects of cigarette smoke on this tissue layer. These results shed novel insights into how cigarette smoke damages this ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Jin
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yanzi Wang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xiaoya An
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Honghua Kang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shuiping Wu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Peter S Reinach
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yuhua Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Zhou K, Xie M, Yi S, Tang Y, Luo H, Xiao Q, Xiao J, Li Y. Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates endotoxin-induced acute kidney injury against macrophage oxidative stress. Ren Fail 2021; 43:1229-1239. [PMID: 34402378 PMCID: PMC8381931 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2021.1963774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterized by macrophage infiltration, renal inflammation during septic acute kidney injury (AKI) reveals a ubiquitous human health problem. Unfortunately, effective therapies with limited side effects are still lacking. This study is aiming to elucidate the role of Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in macrophages against oxidative stress of septic AKI. METHODS Balb/c mice were gavaged by 50 mg/kg DMF then injected with 10 mg/kg LPS by i.p. We examined LPS-induced renal dysfunction and histological features in murine kidneys. Raw264.7 macrophage cells were also treated with DMF and then induced by LPS. The mitotracker staining was used to follow mitochondria integrity by confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry measured the production of ROS by DCF-HDA and the expression of iNOS. Western blot detected the expression of Nrf-2 and Sirt1. Co-IP measured the interaction between Sirt1 and Nrf-2. Confocal microscopy observed the colocalization of Sirt1 and Nrf-2 in LPS-treated Raw264.7 macrophage cells. RESULTS DMF ameliorated murine LPS nephritis with reduced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, as well as decreased the histological alterations compared to the normal control. DMF significantly inhibited the expression of iNOS and reduced the production of nitrite in Raw264.7 cells following LPS treatment. Our study also revealed the role of DMF in protecting against intracellular ROS accumulation and mitochondria dysfunction in LPS-induced nephritis. DMF facilitated colocalization and interaction between Sirt1 and Nrf-2 in LPS-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that DMF alleviated LPS-induced nephritis, indicating protective effects of DMF on macrophage against oxidative stress induced by LPS potentially involving Nrf-2-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mengyi Xie
- Hepatobiliary Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Shuli Yi
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Sichuan Province, Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Medicine of School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Sichuan Province, Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Medicine of School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Haojun Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Sichuan Province, Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Medicine of School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Sichuan Province, Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Medicine of School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chongqing University Center Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Sichuan Province, Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Medicine of School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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30
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Ye Z, Li X, Zheng D, Pei S, Cheng P, Zhang L, Zhu L. Intravitreally Injected Methylene Blue Protects Retina against Acute Ocular Hypertension in Rats. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:91-101. [PMID: 34165383 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1948062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the neuroprotective effects of methylene blue (MB) in a rat model of acute ocular hypertension (AOH) and explore its possible mechanisms.Methods: Our AOH rat model was obtained with anterior chamber perfusion for 60 min. After that, 100 μM MB was injected into the vitreous cavity immediately after injury. Electroretinogram, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retina morphology examination were utilized to quantify retinal damage before surgery, as well as 7, 14 and 28 days after. The average number of surviving retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was counted after fluorescent retrograde labelling with 4% DiI. And TUNEL assay was used to investigate retinal cell apoptosis at 24 hours after AOH. Nrf2 and BACE1 in the retina were determined by RT-qPCR analysis.Results: AOH did produce a severe degeneration effect on the whole retinal layer. Intravitreally injected MB maintained certain retinal thickness after AOH, reduced the destruction of electroretinograms, and enhanced RGCs survival. The average number of TUNEL-labelled cells statistically reduced in the MB-treated retina tissue compared with retina treated with normal saline. The relative mRNA level of Nrf2 was also much higher in the MB-treated retinas after AOH, and the expression of BACE1 had a decline in the AOH + MB group.Conclusions: MB can protect the retina from AOH injury and the possible mechanism might involve the inhibition of BACE1 expression and the activation of Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Ye
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dongliang Zheng
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuaili Pei
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei Cheng
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lishu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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31
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Liu R, Yan X. Oxidative stress in corneal stromal cells contributes to the development of keratoconus in a rabbit model. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 31:3518-3524. [PMID: 34213382 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211028745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of oxidative stress in keratocytes in the pathogenesis of keratoconus (KC) using the rabbit cornea as a model. METHODS Immerse the rabbit cornea in collagenase type II solution at room temperature for 30 min in the KC group. The central cornea thickness (CCT), and mean keratometry (Km) were examined before and after the procedure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF-2), the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) Oxidase (NOX) family members NOX-2 and NOX-4 protein levels were examined by immunohistochemistry analysis and Western Blot. The expression levels of HO-1, NOX-2, NOX-4, and NRF-2 mRNA were quantitatively detected by Real-time PCR. RESULTS A significant increase in Km and a significant decrease in CCT were observed in the KC group compared with the control group after the surgery (both p < 0.001). Immunofluorescence staining showed the rabbit KC model induced a significant increase in ROS production (p < 0.001). The expression of HO-1, NOX-2, NOX-4, and NRF-2 proteins in the KC group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all p < 0.001). RT-PCR results showed the levels of HO-1, NOX-2, NOX-4, and NRF-2 mRNA in KC groups were all significantly increased compared with control groups (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress and compensatory activation of antioxidant proteins suggest oxidative stress injury in corneal stromal cells plays an important role in the development of KC in a rabbit model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixing Liu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
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32
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Truong VL, Manochai B, Pham TT, Jeong WS. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Zingiber montanum Oil in HepG2 Cells and Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. J Med Food 2021; 24:595-605. [PMID: 34077680 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvement of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions is believed to be an effective strategy for protection against various diseases such as cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disease. This study focused on investigating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities of Zingiber montanum oil (ZMO) extracted by the supercritical CO2 fluid system in HepG2 cells and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Ten predominant constituents of ZMO were identified, in which triquinacene, 1,4-bis (methoxy), terpinen-4-ol, triquinacene, 1,4,7-tris (methoxy), α-terpinene, sabinene hydrate, and (E and Z)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)butadiene account for 86.47%. ZMO exhibited anti-inflammatory capacity by inhibiting the formation of pro-inflammatory markers such as nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in LPS-treated macrophages. The LPS-induced stimulation of nuclear factor-kappa B, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways as evident from increased phosphorylation of IKKα/β, IκBα, p65, Stat3, ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPK was also suppressed by ZMO pretreatment. Further, ZMO enhanced the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and concurrently, reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, ZMO treatment markedly upregulated the expression of Nrf2 as well as its target genes, HO-1 and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 in HepG2 cells. These data propose that ZMO may be a potent candidate for prevention and/or treatment of inflammatory and oxidative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Long Truong
- Food and Bio-industry Research Institute, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Food and Life Sciences, College of BNIT, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Benya Manochai
- Department of Horticulture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thu-Trang Pham
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, College of BNIT, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- Food and Bio-industry Research Institute, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Food and Life Sciences, College of BNIT, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
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33
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Sarvizadeh M, Hasanpour O, Naderi Ghale-Noie Z, Mollazadeh S, Rezaei M, Pourghadamyari H, Masoud Khooy M, Aschner M, Khan H, Rezaei N, Shojaie L, Mirzaei H. Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650256. [PMID: 33987085 PMCID: PMC8111078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system cancer tumors are one of the major causes of cancer-related fatalities; the vast majority of them are colorectal or gastric malignancies. Epidemiological evidence confirmed that allium-containing food, such as garlic, reduces the risk of developing malignancies. Among all compounds in garlic, allicin has been most researched, as it contains sulfur and produces many second degradation compounds, such as sulfur dioxide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), and diallyl disulfide (DADS) in the presence of enzymatic reactions in gastric juice. These substances have shown anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer efficacy, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leukemia, and skin cancers. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic potential of allicin in the treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshad Sarvizadeh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Hasanpour
- School of Paramedicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rezaei
- Department of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Pourghadamyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Department of Medicine, Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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34
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Yu Z, Liu H, Li D, Chen X, Ao M, Jin W, Yu L. N-(3-Methozybenzyl)-(9 Z,12 Z,15 Z)-octadecatrienamide from maca ( Lepidium meyenii Walp.) ameliorates corticosterone-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Food Funct 2021; 11:7762-7774. [PMID: 32797129 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00890g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of maca ethanol extract (EEM) and N-(3-methozybenzyl)-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide (M 18:3) on corticosterone (CORT)-induced testicular toxicity. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. Except for the control group, CORT (40 mg per kg·bw) was injected subcutaneously for 21 consecutive days to induce testicular toxicity. 1 h before CORT injection, the rats were treated with EEM (400 mg per kg·bw) and M 18:3 (5 mg per kg·bw, 25 mg per kg·bw) by gavage, except for the control group and model group. Epididymal sperm and biochemical, and histological parameters were evaluated for the protective effects of the drugs. EEM (400 mg per kg·bw) and M 18:3 (5 mg per kg·bw, 25 mg per kg·bw) increased the sperm concentration and sperm motility, decreased the production of abnormal sperms, and increased the number of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes in the seminiferous tubules of CORT-induced rats. Moreover, EEM and M 18:3 decreased the MDA levels and the positive expression rates of TUNEL, whereas they increased the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GST, and the contents of GSH in the testicles of CORT-induced rats. Furthermore, EEM and M 18:3 alleviated CORT-induced reduction in the positive expression rates of PCNA and Ki67 in the testicles of rats. Besides, EEM and M 18:3 reduced the expression levels of Keap-1 and increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, γ-GCS, and NQO1 in the testicles of CORT-induced rats. In summary, the protective effects of EEM and M 18:3 may be attributed to their anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Yu
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dong Li
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xuemin Chen
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Mingzhang Ao
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wenwen Jin
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Longjiang Yu
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China. and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
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35
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Chikkegowda P, Pookunoth BC, Bovilla VR, Veeresh PM, Leihang Z, Thippeswamy T, Padukudru MA, Hathur B, Kanchugarakoppal RS, Madhunapantula SV. Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure Studies of Nrf2 Modulators for Inhibiting Cancer Cell Growth In Vitro and In Vivo. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:10054-10071. [PMID: 34056161 PMCID: PMC8153663 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nrf2 is one of the important therapeutic targets studied extensively in several cancers including the carcinomas of the colon and rectum. However, to date, not many Nrf2 inhibitors showed promising results for retarding the growth of colorectal cancers (CRCs). Therefore, in this study, first, we have demonstrated the therapeutic effect of siRNA-mediated downmodulation of Nrf2 on the proliferation rate of CRC cell lines. Next, we have designed, synthesized, characterized, and determined the crystal structures for a series of tetrahydrocarbazoles (THCs) and assessed their potential to modulate the activity of Nrf2 target gene NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) activity by treating colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT-116. Later, the cytotoxic potential of compounds was assessed against cell lines expressing varying amounts of Nrf2, viz., breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and T47D (low functionally active Nrf2), HCT-116 (moderately active Nrf2), and lung cancer cell line A549 (highly active Nrf2), and the lead compound 5b was tested for its effect on cell cycle progression in vitro and for retarding the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinomas (EACs) in mice. Data from our study demonstrated that among various compounds 5b exhibited better therapeutic index and retarded the growth of EAC cells in mice. Therefore, compound 5b is recommended for further development to target cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathima Chikkegowda
- Department
of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS
Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Baburajeev C. Pookunoth
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, Department of Studies in Organic Chemistry, University of Mysore, Mysore 570005, Karnataka, India
| | - Venugopal R. Bovilla
- Department
of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Center
of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR,
DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashanthkumar M. Veeresh
- Department
of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Center
of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR,
DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Zonunsiami Leihang
- Department
of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Center
of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR,
DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Thippeswamy Thippeswamy
- Department
of General Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahesh A. Padukudru
- Department
of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College, and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Basavanagowdappa Hathur
- Center
of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR,
DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Department
of General Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Faculty
of Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- JSS
Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy
of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Special
Interest Group in Patient Care Management, JSS Medical College and
Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education
& Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | | | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Department
of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- . Mobile: +91-810-527-8621
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36
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Hou Y, Peng S, Song Z, Bai F, Li X, Fang J. Oat polyphenol avenanthramide-2c confers protection from oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in PC12 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 706:108857. [PMID: 33781769 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that cellular antioxidant systems play essential roles in retarding oxidative stress-related diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Because nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a chief regulator of cellular antioxidant systems, small molecules with Nrf2-activating ability may be promising neuroprotective agents. Avenanthramide-2c (Aven-2c), avenanthramide-2f (Aven-2f) and avenanthramide-2p (Aven-2p) are the most abundant avenanthramides in oats, and they have been documented to possess multiple pharmacological benefits. In this work, we synthesized these three compounds and evaluated their cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress-induced PC12 cell injuries. Aven-2c displayed the best protective potency among them. Aven-2c conferred protection on PC12 cells by scavenging free radicals and activating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. Pretreatment of PC12 cells with Aven-2c efficiently enhanced Nrf2 nuclear accumulation and evoked the expression of a set of cytoprotective molecules. The mechanistic study also supports that Nrf2 activation is the molecular basis for the cellular action of Aven-2c. Collectively, this study demonstrates that Aven-2c is a potent Nrf2 agonist, shedding light on the potential usage of Aven-2c in the treatment of neuroprotective diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shoujiao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zilong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Feifei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Xia R, Tang H, Shen J, Xu S, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Gong X, Min Y, Zhang D, Tao C, Wang S, Zhang Y, Yang J, Wang C. Prognostic value of a novel glycolysis-related gene expression signature for gastrointestinal cancer in the Asian population. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:154. [PMID: 33663535 PMCID: PMC7934443 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors. However, studies have not established glycolysis-related gene signatures that can be used to construct accurate prognostic models for GI cancers in the Asian population. Herein, we aimed at establishing a novel glycolysis-related gene expression signature to predict the prognosis of GI cancers. METHODS First, we evaluated the mRNA expression profiles and the corresponding clinical data of 296 Asian GI cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (TCGA-LIHC, TCGA-STAD, TCGA-ESCA, TCGA-PAAD, TCGA-COAD, TCGA-CHOL and TCGA-READ). Differentially expressed mRNAs between GI tumors and normal tissues were investigated. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify glycolysis-related genes. Then, univariate, LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to establish a key prognostic glycolysis-related gene expression signature. The Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of survival prediction. Finally, a risk score to predict the prognosis of GI cancers was calculated and validated using the TCGA data sets. Furthermore, this risk score was verified in two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets (GSE116174 and GSE84433) and in 28 pairs of tissue samples. RESULTS Prognosis-related genes (NUP85, HAX1, GNPDA1, HDLBP and GPD1) among the differentially expressed glycolysis-related genes were screened and identified. The five-gene expression signature was used to assign patients into high- and low-risk groups (p < 0.05) and it showed a satisfactory prognostic value for overall survival (OS, p = 6.383 × 10-6). The ROC curve analysis revealed that this model has a high sensitivity and specificity (0.757 at 5 years). Besides, stratification analysis showed that the prognostic value of the five-gene signature was independent of other clinical characteristics, and it could markedly discriminate between GI tumor tissues and normal tissues. Finally, the expression levels of the five prognosis-related genes in the clinical tissue samples were consistent with the results from the TCGA data sets. CONCLUSIONS Based on the five glycolysis-related genes (NUP85, HAX1, GNPDA1, HDLBP and GPD1), and in combination with clinical characteristics, this model can independently predict the OS of GI cancers in Asian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xia
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongling People's Hospital, 468 Bijiashan Road, Tongling, Anhui Province, 244000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiemiao Shen
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyin Liang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Gong
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Min
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenzhe Tao
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoulin Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinyou Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jiangsu College of Nursing, 9 Keji Road, Huai'an, 223005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.
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38
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Zhang M, Wang S, Wang X, Xu X, Yao Z, Fang W, Wu J, Wu Q, Li Z, Wang D. Allyl isothiocyanate increases MRP1 expression in cigarette smoke extract-stimulated human bronchial epithelial cells via the JNK/Nrf2 pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:409. [PMID: 33692840 PMCID: PMC7938453 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance-related protein 1 (MRP1) is involved in the biological transport of several molecules with diverse structural characteristics outside of the cell. In addition to its transport activity, MRP1 exhibits multiple defense mechanisms in vivo. MRP1 is highly expressed in normal lung tissues and plays a protective role in the process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the present study, human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o-cells) were stimulated by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in vitro to simulate a smoking environment. On this basis, the mechanism of Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) administration on the expression of MRP1 in CSE-stimulated 16HBE14o-cells was investigated. The effects of CSE on the viability of 16 HBE14o-cells were investigated by an MTT assay. The changes in the mRNA expression levels of nuclear erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2) and MRP1 were investigated in CSE-stimulated 16HBE14o-cells using western blotting and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Immunofluorescence analysis was used to detect Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Incubation of the cells with 5% CSE for 24 h had minor effects on cell viability and resulted in the activation of the JNK and p38MAPK signaling pathways. AITC activated the JNK pathway, inhibited the activation of the p38MAPK pathway in 16HBE14o-cells stimulated by 5% CSE and upregulated the expression levels of Nrf2 and MRP1 in a time-dependent manner. The upregulation of Nrf2, MRP1 and of Nrf2, and MRP1 mRNA expression levels in CSE-stimulated cells was inhibited by pretreatment with SP600125 (a JNK pathway inhibitor). Furthermore, the fluorescence intensity in the nucleus was significantly enhanced following AITC pretreatment and the analysis indicated nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the cells. These results indicated that Nrf2 and MRP1 expression levels in CSE-stimulated cells were altered following AITC pretreatment. Thus demonstrating that the primary mechanism may be associated with activation of the JNK pathway, while the p38MAPK pathway may not be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, P.R. China
| | - Xueqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoya Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaomin Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
| | - Zegeng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Dianlei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, P.R. China
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39
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Talebi M, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Mishra G, İlgün S, Samarghandian S. New insights into the role of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in green tea catechin applications. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3078-3112. [PMID: 33569875 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional signaling pathway that plays a crucial role in numerous clinical complications. Pivotal roles of Nrf2 have been proved in cancer, autoimmune diseases, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, renal injuries, respiratory conditions, gastrointestinal disturbances, and general disorders related to oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, gelatinolysis, autophagy, and fibrogenesis processes. Green tea catechins as a rich source of phenolic compounds can deal with various clinical problems and manifestations. In this review, we attempted to focus on intervention between green tea catechins and Nrf2. Green tea catechins especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) elucidated the protective role of Nrf2 and its downstream molecules in various disorders through Keap-1, HO-1, NQO-1, GPx, GCLc, GCLm, NF-kB cross-link, kinases, and apoptotic proteins. Subsequently, we compiled an updated expansions of the Nrf2 role as a gate to manage and protect different disorders and feasible indications of green tea catechins through this signaling pathway. The present review highlighted recent evidence-based data in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies on an outline for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA.,Department of Research & Development, Viatris Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Ayurveda, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Selen İlgün
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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40
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Choe H, Lee H, Lee J, Kim Y. Protective effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid against oxidative stress by inducing phase II enzymes in C2C12 myoblast cells. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13639. [PMID: 33533516 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the cytoprotective effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) via inducing phase II enzymes in C2C12 myoblasts was evaluated. The highest concentration of GABA (100 μM) significantly increased the cell viability by approximately 90% in hydrogen peroxide-induced C2C12 cells. The treatment with GABA (100 μM) effectively decreased the glutathione (GSH) depletion and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). And, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were effectively reduced by about 50% in GABA-treated cells. In addition, the protein expression of phase II enzymes, such as NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase-1 was significantly increased by GABA treatment. Moreover, GABA treatment increased the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein expression in the nucleus of C2C12 myoblasts. Altogether, the results in this study indicate that GABA possesses the cytoprotective effects against oxidative insults by regulating the GSH levels, CAT and SOD activities, ROS scavenging activities, and expression of phase II enzymes through the activation of Nrf2 in C2C12 cells. Hence, this study suggests that the GABA supplementation could be effective in alleviating oxidative stress-induced muscle damage. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: GABA exists in the germ and bran layers of rice and is well-known as the inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. GABA also has various health beneficial effects, such as preventing chronic alcohol-related diseases and lowering blood pressure. The present study shows the cytoprotective effect of GABA against oxidative stress in C2C12 myoblasts, and suggests that GABA has great potential as a functional food ingredient for attenuating oxidative stress-induced muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjeong Choe
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghwa Kim
- School of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Zhang M, Zhang X, Chu X, Cheng L, Cai C. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 plays a protective role in bronchopulmonary dysplasia via the inhibition of apoptosis and interaction with the Keap1/Nrf2 signal pathway. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:265-275. [PMID: 33708512 PMCID: PMC7944181 DOI: 10.21037/tp-20-200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common respiratory disease in premature infants and is characterized by alveolar and pulmonary vascular dysplasia. Long-term oxygen exposure can cause BPD in preterm infants. Numerous studies have shown that long non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) is involved in the process of biological metabolism; however, its role in the development of BPD is unclear. Apoptosis-induced factor (AIF) is a key component involved in apoptosis. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Keap1/Nrf2) signaling pathway is a body-derived antioxidant signaling pathway. METHODS In this study, the relative expression of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), AIF, Keap1, and Nrf2 was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, the apoptosis of A549 cells was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS The results showed that, compared to the control group, the expression of MALAT1 increased significantly, and AIF decreased substantially in BPD premature infants. In the A549 hyperoxic lung injury model, compared with the air group, the expression of MALAT1 in the hyperoxia group decreased markedly, while the expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 increased considerably. Furthermore, compared with the control plasmid transfection air group (NC group), the expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 increased significantly in the small interfering RNA (siRNA) group. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that MALAT1 can play a protective role in BPD via the reduction of apoptosis and anti-oxidation, offering clinicians a new way to prevent and treat BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chu
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Cheng
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Cai
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Li J, Xiong C, Xu P, Luo Q, Zhang R. Puerarin induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via inactivation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:402-413. [PMID: 33356808 PMCID: PMC8291817 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1868733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the antitumor effects of Puerarin (PEU) on androgen-independent (DU145 and PC-3) and androgen-dependent (LNCaP) prostate cancer cells, and explored its potential mechanisms. Supplement with PEU (2.5 μM, 5 μM, and 10 μM) exhibited a marked inhibitory effect against the growth of DU145 and PC-3 cells, especially beyond 24 h, whereas there is only slight growth inhibitory effect on LNCaP cells at the high concentration of 10 μM at 72 h. This loss of cell viability in DU145 and PC-3 cells by PEU was mediated by the induction of apoptosis via up-regulation of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, but downregulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, more intracellular ROS and LDH production were observed in DU145 and PC-3 cells upon PEU treatment. Meanwhile, the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) was increased, but the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 was attenuated. Additionally, PEU pretreatment resulted in an increase of Keap1 protein expression, and a decline of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 protein expression in DU145 and PC3 cells. The present findings indicated that PEU exerted its antitumor activities toward androgen-independent prostate cancer cells via inactivation of Keap1/NrF2/ARE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- Urology Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, China.,Urology Surgery Department, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Fengjie , Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Xiong
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Chengdu,China
| | - Pan Xu
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, China
| | - Ronggui Zhang
- Urology Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, China
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Groh IAM, Riva A, Braun D, Sutherland HG, Williams O, Bakuradze T, Pahlke G, Richling E, Haupt LM, Griffiths LR, Berry D, Marko D. Long-Term Consumption of Anthocyanin-Rich Fruit Juice: Impact on Gut Microbiota and Antioxidant Markers in Lymphocytes of Healthy Males. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:E27. [PMID: 33383921 PMCID: PMC7823698 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are considered protective against diseases associated with oxidative stress. Short-term intake of an anthocyanin-rich fruit juice resulted in significantly reduced deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strand-breaks in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and affected antioxidant markers in healthy volunteers. Consequently, effects of long-term consumption of fruit juice are of particular interest. In focus was the impact on nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the Nrf2-regulated genes NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) as well as effects on the gut microbiota. In a nine-week placebo-controlled intervention trial with 57 healthy male volunteers, consumption of anthocyanin-rich juice significantly increased NQO-1 and HO-1 transcript levels in PBLs compared to a placebo beverage as measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Three Nrf2-promotor single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), analyzed by pyrosequencing, indicated an association between individual Nrf2 transcript levels and genotype. Moreover, the Nrf2 genotype appeared to correlate with the presence of specific microbial organisms identified by 16S-PCR and classified as Spirochaetaceae. Furthermore, the microbial community was significantly affected by the duration of juice consumption and intake of juice itself. Taken together, long-term consumption of anthocyanin-rich fruit juice affected Nrf2-dependent transcription in PBLs, indicating systemic effects. Individual Nrf2 genotypes may influence the antioxidant response, thus requiring consideration in future intervention studies focusing on the Nrf2 pathway. Anthocyanin-rich fruit juice had an extensive impact on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Anna Maria Groh
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.A.M.G.); (D.B.); (G.P.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Division of Pharmacogenomic, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alessandra Riva
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (O.W.); (D.B.)
| | - Dominik Braun
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.A.M.G.); (D.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Heidi G. Sutherland
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation University of Technology (QUT), Queensland, 60 Musk Ave., Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (H.G.S.); (L.M.H.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Owen Williams
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (O.W.); (D.B.)
| | - Tamara Bakuradze
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (T.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Gudrun Pahlke
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.A.M.G.); (D.B.); (G.P.)
| | - Elke Richling
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (T.B.); (E.R.)
| | - Larisa M. Haupt
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation University of Technology (QUT), Queensland, 60 Musk Ave., Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (H.G.S.); (L.M.H.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Lyn R. Griffiths
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation University of Technology (QUT), Queensland, 60 Musk Ave., Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (H.G.S.); (L.M.H.); (L.R.G.)
| | - David Berry
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.R.); (O.W.); (D.B.)
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.A.M.G.); (D.B.); (G.P.)
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Sun S, Wang Y, Du Y, Sun Q, He L, Zhu E, Li J. Oxidative stress-mediated hepatotoxicity in rats induced by ethanol extracts of different parts of Chloranthus serratus. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:1277-1289. [PMID: 33355514 PMCID: PMC7759245 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1859552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chloranthus serratus (Thunb.) Roem. et Schult. (Chloranthaceae) is an herb widely used as a folk medicine treating inflammatory diseases, although it is toxic. OBJECTIVE To investigate hepatotoxicity and related mechanisms induced by ethanol extracts of different parts of C. serratus in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control (Con), ethanol extract of roots (ER), stems (ES), and leaves (EL) groups, and acute oral toxicity studies were conducted. The rats received doses of 4.14, 3.20, and 1.16 g/kg/d extracts for 14 days, respectively. Liver index, liver function and oxidative stress biomarkers, liver pathology, ultrastructure, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and Nrf2/HO-1 proteins expression levels were determined. RESULTS The LD50 of ER, ES, and EL were higher than 10.35, 8.05, and 2.90 g/kg/p.o., respectively. The liver indexes in the extract groups increased significantly. EL dramatically increased TP, GLB, AST, ALT, ALP, TBA, MDA, ICAM-1, and TNF-α levels (p < 0.01), and induced the most obvious pathological and ultrastructural changes. ES and EL obviously decreased the T-SOD, GSH, CAT, and CHOL levels. Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins expression was reduced significantly in ES (0.77 ± 0.06, 2.33 ± 0.20) and EL (0.23 ± 0.04, 2.14 ± 0.16) groups, and reduced slightly in ER (1.08 ± 0.10; 3.39 ± 0.21) group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ES and EL induce stronger hepatotoxicity than ER through oxidative stress and the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and the root is a better medicinal part, which provides a basis for clinical research, safe applications, and reasonable development of C. serratus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- Institute of Natural Daily Chemistry, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
- CONTACT Shuping Sun College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yunyan Du
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University Of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijuan He
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Enze Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiarong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
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Guo X, Hong S, He H, Zeng Y, Chen Y, Mo X, Li J, Li L, Steinmetz R, Liu Q. NFκB promotes oxidative stress-induced necrosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting Nrf2-ARE pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 159:125-135. [PMID: 32745764 PMCID: PMC7530060 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we identified an unexpected pro-cell death role for NFκB in mediating oxidative stress-induced necrosis, and provide new mechanistic evidence that NFκB, in cooperation with HDAC3, negatively regulates Nrf2-ARE anti-oxidative signaling through transcriptional silencing. We showed that genetic inactivation of NFκB-p65 inhibited, whereas activation of NFκB promoted, oxidative stress-induced cell death and HMGB1 release, a biomarker of necrosis. Moreover, NFκB-luciferase activity was elevated in cardiomyocytes after simulated ischemia/reperfusion (sI/R) or doxorubicin (DOX) treatment, and inhibition of NFκB with Ad-p65-shRNA or Ad-IκBαM diminished sI/R- and DOX-induced cell death and HMGB1 release. Importantly, NFκB negatively regulated Nrf2-ARE activity and the expression of antioxidant proteins. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation revealed that p65 was required for Nrf2-HDAC3 interaction and transcriptional silencing of Nrf2-ARE activity. Further, the ability of HDAC3 to repress Nrf2-ARE activity was lost in p65 deficient cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of HADCs or NFκB with trichostatin A (TSA) or BMS-345541, respectively, increased Nrf2-ARE activity and promoted cell survival after sI/R. In vivo, NFκB transcriptional activity in the mouse heart was significantly elevated after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which was abolished by cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of p65 using p65fl/flNkx2.5-Cre mice. Moreover, genetic ablation of p65 in the mouse heart attenuated myocardial infarct size after acute I/R injury and improved cardiac remodeling and functional recovery after chronic myocardial infarction. Thus, our results identified NFκB as a key regulator of oxidative stress-induced necrosis by suppressing the Nrf2-ARE antioxidant pathway through an HDAC3-dependent mechanism. This study also revealed a new pathogenic role of NFκB in cardiac ischemic injury and pathological remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Guo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Siqi Hong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Hui He
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yachang Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Xiaoliang Mo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Rachel Steinmetz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Qinghang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Hudlikar R, Wang L, Wu R, Li S, Peter R, Shannar A, Chou PJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Kuo HCD, Kong AN. Epigenetics/Epigenomics and Prevention of Early Stages of Cancer by Isothiocyanates. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 14:151-164. [PMID: 33055265 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease and cancer development takes 10-50 years involving epigenetics. Evidence suggests that approximately 80% of human cancers are linked to environmental factors impinging upon genetics/epigenetics. Because advanced metastasized cancers are resistant to radiotherapy/chemotherapeutic drugs, cancer prevention by relatively nontoxic chemopreventive "epigenetic modifiers" involving epigenetics/epigenomics is logical. Isothiocyanates are relatively nontoxic at low nutritional and even higher pharmacologic doses, with good oral bioavailability, potent antioxidative stress/antiinflammatory activities, possess epigenetic-modifying properties, great anticancer efficacy in many in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal models. This review summarizes the latest advances on the role of epigenetics/epigenomics by isothiocyanates in prevention of skin, colon, lung, breast, and prostate cancers. The exact molecular mechanism how isothiocyanates modify the epigenetic/epigenomic machinery is unclear. We postulate "redox" processes would play important roles. In addition, isothiocyanates sulforaphane and phenethyl isothiocyanate, possess multifaceted molecular mechanisms would be considered as "general" cancer preventive agents not unlike chemotherapeutic agents like platinum-based or taxane-based drugs. Analogous to chemotherapeutic agents, the isothiocyanates would need to be used in combination with other nontoxic chemopreventive phytochemicals or drugs such as NSAIDs, 5-α-reductase/aromatase inhibitors targeting different signaling pathways would be logical for the prevention of progression of tumors to late advanced metastatic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Shanyi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Rebecca Peter
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Ahmad Shannar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Pochung Jordan Chou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hsiao-Chen Dina Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.
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47
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Talebi M, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S. Biological and therapeutic activities of thymoquinone: Focus on the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1739-1753. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas United States
- Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc San Antonio Texas United States
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC) Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) Birjand Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences Neyshabur Iran
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48
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Zhu Y, Yang Q, Liu H, Song Z, Chen W. Phytochemical compounds targeting on Nrf2 for chemoprevention in colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173588. [PMID: 32961170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become one of the major factors of tumor-related morbidity and mortality in the world because of its poor prognosis and consequences of metastatic spread. Currently, chemoprevention has been considered as a way of preventing cancer who takes advantage of plant phytochemicals and synthetic compounds. Phytochemical compounds are receiving much considerable attention for their ability in chemoprevention due to low toxicity and cost. For strategies of chemoprevention, keeping the balance of internal and external environment in cells or tissues is important. Hence, it is particularly important to eliminate overmuch carcinogens and carcinogenic metabolites by phase 2 detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase (GST), heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and so on. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in regulating these enzymes via mediating antioxidant response elements (ARE). In this review, we collected recent studies of phytochemical compounds targeting on Nrf2 in CRC treatment. We summarized the mechanisms of these compounds in activating Nrf2, and their effects on chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuandong Zhu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Yiwu, 322000, China.
| | - Qinghua Yang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Haiyuan Liu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Zhengming Song
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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49
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Chen R, Zeng Z, Zhang YY, Cao C, Liu HM, Li W, Wu Y, Xia ZY, Ma D, Meng QT. Ischemic postconditioning attenuates acute kidney injury following intestinal ischemia-reperfusion through Nrf2-regulated autophagy, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation in mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:8887-8901. [PMID: 32519766 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000274r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) often occurs during and following major cardiovascular or gut surgery and causes significant organ including kidney injuries. This study was to investigate the protective effect of intestinal ischemic postconditioning (IPo) on IIR-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and the underling cellular signaling mechanisms with focus on the Nrf2/HO-1. Adult C57BL/6J mice were subjected to IIR with or without IPo. IIR was established by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 45 minutes followed by 120 minutes reperfusion. Outcome measures were: (i) Intestinal and renal histopathology; (ii) Renal function; (iii) Cellular signaling changes; (iv) Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. IPo significantly attenuated IIR-induced kidney injury. Furthermore, IPo significantly increased both nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in the kidney, upregulated autophagic flux, inhibited IIR-induced inflammation and reduced oxidative stress. The protective effect of IPo was abolished by the administration of Nrf2 inhibitor (Brusatol) or Nrf2 siRNA. Conversely, a Nrf2 activator t-BHQ has a similar protective effect to that of IPo. Our data indicate that IPo protects the kidney injury induced by IIR, which was likely mediated through the Nrf2/HO-1 cellular signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, The 3rd Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Min Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Daqing Ma
- Division of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Qing-Tao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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50
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Chen M, Xi Y, Chen K, Xiao P, Li S, Sun X, Han Z. Upregulation Sestrin2 protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage bovine mammary epithelial cells via a Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:392-404. [PMID: 32519422 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Sestrin2 (SESN2) is a highly conservative oxidative stress protein that can regulate energy metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondria autophagy processes. It plays a role as an antioxidant in various diseases. The aims of the present study were to explore the underlying role of SESN2 after hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) treatment in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T cells) by the methods of knockout or overexpression of SESN2. The results show that knockout of Sestrin2 exacerbate apoptosis, upregulate the expressions of Bax/Bcl2 in H2 O2 -treated MAC-T cells. Moreover, knockout of SESN2 also promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and exacerbated oxidative damage in H2 O2 -treated MAC-T cells. On the contrary, overexpression of SESN2 decreased apoptosis by downregulation of Bax/Bcl2 level decreased ROS generation and blocked oxidative damage in H2 O2 -treated MAC-T cells. In addition, results indicate that the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) like2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway was activated by H2 O2 ; upregulation of SESN2 could relieve oxidative stress by inducing the expression of Keap1, Nrf2, HO-1, and NDPH: quinone oxidoreductase-1 protein. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that expression of SESN2 was significantly increased after H2 O2 treatment and that SESN2 can alleviate oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in H2 O2 -treated MAC-T cells through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Chen
- Institute of Dairy Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational Technical College, Nanning, China
| | - Yumeng Xi
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Kunlin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational Technical College, Nanning, China
| | - Shujie Li
- Institute of Dairy Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaochun Sun
- Institute of Dairy Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoyu Han
- Institute of Dairy Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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