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Ranabhat G, Subedi D, Karki J, Paudel R, Luitel H, Bhattarai RK. Molecular detection of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) in broiler meat from retail meat shop. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35661. [PMID: 39170517 PMCID: PMC11336815 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major bacterial pathogen responsible for the most widespread form of colibacillosis, resulting in substantial economic losses within the poultry sector and posing a potential public health risk. From July to September 2021, our study investigated the antibiotic resistance pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the presence of virulence-associated genes (iucD, iutA, iss, and ompT) linked to APEC using 105 broiler meat samples comprising liver, thigh, and breast muscle, in Chitwan, Nepal. E. coli was isolated and identified by culturing samples on MacConkey's agar, Eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar and performing different biochemical tests. Antibiotic resistance patterns of E. coli were determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Following the isolation of E. coli, the molecular detection of APEC was performed using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out of the 105 samples analyzed, 61 (58.1 %) tested positive for E. coli. In antibiotic susceptibility test (AST), gentamicin and tetracycline exhibited the highest resistance rates, with 90.2 % and 67.2 %, respectively and 29.5 % of the E. coli isolates displayed multidrug-drug resistance. Out of 61 confirmed E. coli isolates, iutA was detected in 47 (77.0 %) samples, iucD in 46 (75.4 %), iss in 53 (86.8 %), and ompT in 39 (63.9 %) samples. This study reports the occurrence of MDR E. coli in meat samples, together with virulence genes associated with APEC which poses a public health threat. Continuous surveillance is vital for monitoring APEC transmission within poultry farms, coupled with efforts to raise awareness of food safety among consumers of broiler meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Ranabhat
- Faculty of Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Fisheries (FAFV), Agriculture and Forestry University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Deepak Subedi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jasmina Karki
- Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Tribhuvan University, Rupandehi, Nepal
| | - Roshan Paudel
- Faculty of Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Fisheries (FAFV), Agriculture and Forestry University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Himal Luitel
- Faculty of Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Fisheries (FAFV), Agriculture and Forestry University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Rebanta Kumar Bhattarai
- Faculty of Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Fisheries (FAFV), Agriculture and Forestry University, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
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Fernández-Yáñez V, Suazo P, Hormazábal C, Ibaceta V, Arenas-Salinas M, Vidal RM, Silva-Ojeda F, Arellano C, Muñoz I, Del Canto F. Distribution of papA and papG Variants among Escherichia coli Genotypes: Association with Major Extraintestinal Pathogenic Lineages. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6657. [PMID: 38928363 PMCID: PMC11203468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pyelonephritis-associated fimbria (P fimbria) is one of the most recognized adhesion determinants of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli strains (ExPECs). Twelve variants have been described for the gene encoding the P fimbria major structural subunit PapA and three variants for the gene encoding the adhesin subunit PapG. However, their distribution among the ExPEC diversity has not been comprehensively addressed. A complete landscape of that distribution might be valuable for delineating basic studies about the pathogenicity mechanisms of ExPECs and following up on the evolution of ExPEC lineages, particularly those most epidemiologically relevant. Therefore, we performed a massive descriptive study to detect the papA and papG variants along different E. coli genotypes represented by genomic sequences contained in the NCBI Assembly Refseq database. The most common papA variants were F11, F10, F48, F16, F12, and F7-2, which were found in significant association with the most relevant ExPEC genotypes, the phylogroups B2 and D, and the sequence types ST95, ST131, ST127, ST69, ST12, and ST73. On the other hand, the papGII variant was by far the most common followed by papGIII, and both were also found to have a significant association with common ExPEC genotypes. We noticed the presence of genomes, mainly belonging to the sequence type ST12, harboring two or three papA variants and two papG variants. Furthermore, the most common papA and papG variants were also detected in records representing strains isolated from humans and animals such as poultry, bovine, and dogs, supporting previous hypotheses of potential cross-transmission. Finally, we characterized a set of 17 genomes from Chilean uropathogenic E. coli strains and found that ST12 and ST73 were the predominant sequence types. Variants F7-1, F7-2, F8, F9, F11, F13, F14, F16, and F48 were detected for papA, and papGII and papGIII variants were detected for papG. Significant associations with the sequence types observed in the analysis of genomes contained in the NCBI Assembly Refseq database were also found in this collection in 16 of 19 cases for papA variants and 7 of 9 cases for the papG variants. This comprehensive characterization might support future basic studies about P fimbria-mediated ExPEC adherence and future typing or epidemiological studies to monitor the evolution of ExPECs producing P fimbria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fernández-Yáñez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (V.F.-Y.)
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Patricio Suazo
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Claudia Hormazábal
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (V.F.-Y.)
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Valentina Ibaceta
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Mauricio Arenas-Salinas
- Centro de Bioinformática Simulación y Modelado, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca 3460787, Chile
| | - Roberto M. Vidal
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Francisco Silva-Ojeda
- Servicio de Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Av. Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 999, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Carolina Arellano
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Ignacio Muñoz
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Felipe Del Canto
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Ott LC, Mellata M. Short-chain fatty acids inhibit bacterial plasmid transfer through conjugation in vitro and in ex vivo chicken tissue explants. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1414401. [PMID: 38903782 PMCID: PMC11187007 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1414401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The animal gut acts as a potent reservoir for spreading and maintaining conjugative plasmids that confer antimicrobial resistance (AMR), fitness, and virulence attributes. Interventions that inhibit the continued emergence and expansion of AMR and virulent strains in agricultural and clinical environments are greatly desired. This study aims to determine the presence and efficacy of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) inhibitory effects on the conjugal transfer of AMR plasmids. In vitro broth conjugations were conducted between donor Escherichia coli strains carrying AMP plasmids and the plasmid-less Escherichia coli HS-4 recipient strain. Conjugations were supplemented with ddH2O or SCFAs at 1, 0.1, 0.01, or 0.001 molar final concentration. The addition of SCFAs completely inhibited plasmid transfer at 1 and 0.1 molar and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced transfer at 0.01 molar, regardless of SCFA tested. In explant models for the chicken ceca, either ddH2O or a final concentration of 0.025 M SCFAs were supplemented to the explants infected with donor and recipient E. coli. In every SCFA tested, significant decreases in transconjugant populations compared to ddH2O-treated control samples were observed with minimal effects on donor and recipient populations. Finally, significant reductions in transconjugants for plasmids of each incompatibility type (IncP1ε, IncFIβ, and IncI1) tested were detected. This study demonstrates for the first time the broad inhibition ability of SCFAs on bacterial plasmid transfer and eliminates AMR with minimal effect on bacteria. Implementing interventions that increase the concentrations of SCFAs in the gut may be a viable method to reduce the risk, incidence, and rate of AMR emergence in agricultural and human environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan C. Ott
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Melha Mellata
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Koratkar S, Bhutada P, Giram P, Verma C, Saroj SD. Bacteriophages Mediating Effective Elimination of Multidrug-Resistant Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. PHAGE (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2024; 5:76-83. [PMID: 39119208 PMCID: PMC11304798 DOI: 10.1089/phage.2023.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes colibacillosis and septicemia; in certain cases, mortality leads to economic losses and elicits potential foodborne zoonotic risk. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of APEC pathotypes and serotypes in poultry, followed by characterization for virulence markers and antibiotic sensitivity and analysis of lytic efficacy of bacteriophages in the eradication of APEC. Methods We successfully isolated and characterized 34 E. coli isolates from poultry farms. The lytic efficacy of seven bacteriophages, as well as a phage cocktail, was evaluated for biological control of multiple drug resistance (MDR) APEC. Results A total of 67.65% of isolated E. coli were APEC. A total of 94.11% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant bacteria harboring virulence genes. The lytic ability of seven bacteriophages ranged from 0.98% to 36.76%, with a cocktail of EscoΦA-06 and ΦA-07 exhibiting lysis of 48.04% isolates. Conclusion As serological variability in APEC limits the application and development of vaccines, the findings support the employment of bacteriophages against elimination of MDR APEC in poultry settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Koratkar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International [Deemed University], Lavale, India
| | - Pankhudi Bhutada
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International [Deemed University], Lavale, India
| | - Pranoti Giram
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International [Deemed University], Lavale, India
| | - Chetan Verma
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International [Deemed University], Lavale, India
| | - Sunil D. Saroj
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International [Deemed University], Lavale, India
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Cerri FM, Basso RM, Pereira WAB, Silveira JMDS, Ferreira EDO, Haisi A, Araújo Júnior JP, Arroyo LG, de Castro YG, Silva ROS, Oliveira-Filho JPD, Borges AS. Fecal shedding of Clostridioides difficile in calves in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Anaerobe 2024; 88:102861. [PMID: 38729514 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the fecal shedding of C. difficile in calves on farms in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fecal samples (n = 300) were collected from diarrheic (n = 78) and nondiarrheic (n = 222) calves less than 60 days of age from 20 farms. Fecal samples were inoculated into enrichment broth supplemented with taurocholate and cultured under anaerobic conditions. Colonies suspected to be C. difficile were harvested for DNA extraction and then multiplex PCR for the detection of genes encoding toxins A and B and binary toxins. All toxigenic isolates were ribotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, and five selected strains were subjected to whole-genome sequencing to determine their sequence type. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION C. difficile was isolated from 29.3 % (88/300) of the samples. All toxigenic isolates (17/88, 19.3 %) were classified as ribotypes RT046 (13/17-79.47 %, A+B+ CDT-) and RT126 (4/17 = 20.53 %, A+B+ CDT+). The sequenced strains from RT046 were classified as ST35 (Clade 1), while those from RT126 were classified as ST11 (Clade 5). No associations between the epidemiological factors in any of the groups and C. difficile isolation were observed. Most of the toxigenic isolates (16/17 = 94.41 %) were classified as multidrug-resistant. Calves can be an important source of toxigenic C. difficile strains, including multidrug-resistant isolates from ribotypes commonly observed in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Moreira Cerri
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Martins Basso
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Júlia Meireles da Silva Silveira
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Paulo de Góes Institute of Microbiology (IMPG), Department of Medical Microbiology, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane de Oliveira Ferreira
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Paulo de Góes Institute of Microbiology (IMPG), Department of Medical Microbiology, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda Haisi
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luis G Arroyo
- University of Guelph, Ontario Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Studies, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yasmin Gonçalves de Castro
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Veterinary Medicine (EV), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - José Paes de Oliveira-Filho
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Secorun Borges
- Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Li Y, Xu Y, Zhou X, Huang L, Wang G, Liao J, Dai R. From "resistance genes expression" to "horizontal migration" as well as over secretion of Extracellular Polymeric Substances: Sludge microorganism's response to the increasing of long-term disinfectant stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133940. [PMID: 38457979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Glutaraldehyde-Didecyldimethylammonium bromides (GDs) has been frequently and widely employed in livestock and poultry breeding farms to avoid epidemics such as African swine fever, but its long-term effect on the active sludge microorganisms of the receiving wastewater treatment plant was keep unclear. Four simulation systems were built here to explore the performance of aerobic activated sludge with the long-term exposure of GDs and its mechanism by analyzing water qualities, resistance genes, extracellular polymeric substances and microbial community structure. The results showed that the removal rates of CODCr and ammonia nitrogen decreased with the exposure concentration of GDs increasing. It is worth noting that long-term exposure to GDs can induce the horizontal transfer and coordinated expression of a large number of resistance genes, such as qacE, sul1, tetx, and int1, in drug-resistant microorganisms. Additionally, it promotes the secretion of more extracellular proteins, including arginine, forming a "barrier-like" protection. Therefore, long-term exposure to disinfectants can alter the treatment capacity of activated sludge receiving systems, and the abundance of resistance genes generated through horizontal transfer and coordinated expression by drug-resistant microorganisms does pose a significant threat to ecosystems and health. It is recommended to develop effective pretreatment methods to eliminate disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanbin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Analysis and Test Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Analysis and Test Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingsong Liao
- Yikangsheng Environmental Science and Technology Limited Company of Guangdong, Yunfu 527400, China
| | - Ruizhi Dai
- Yikangsheng Environmental Science and Technology Limited Company of Guangdong, Yunfu 527400, China
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Zong B, Xiao Y, Wang P, Liu W, Ren M, Li C, Fu S, Zhang Y, Qiu Y. Baicalin Weakens the Virulence of Porcine Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli by Inhibiting the LuxS/AI-2 Quorum-Sensing System. Biomolecules 2024; 14:452. [PMID: 38672469 PMCID: PMC11047829 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes huge economic losses to the pig farming industry and considerably threatens human health. The quorum sensing (QS) system plays a crucial role in the survival and pathogenesis of pathogenic bacteria. Hence, it is a viable approach to prevent ExPEC infection by compromising the QS system, particularly the LuxS/AI-2 system. In this study, we investigated the effects of baicalin on the LuxS/AI-2 system of ExPEC. Baicalin at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL significantly diminished the survival ability of ExPEC in hostile environments and could inhibit the biofilm formation and autoagglutination ability in ExPEC. Moreover, baicalin dose-dependently decreased the production of AI-2 and down-regulated the expression level of luxS in PCN033. These results suggest that baicalin can weaken the virulence of PCN033 by inhibiting the LuxS/AI-2 system. After the gene luxS was deleted, AI-2 production in PCN033 was almost completely eliminated, similar to the effect of baicalin on the production of AI-2 in PCN033. This indicates that baicalin reduced the production of AI-2 by inhibiting the expression level of luxS in ExPEC. In addition, the animal experiment further showed the potential of baicalin as a LuxS/AI-2 system inhibitor to prevent ExPEC infection. This study highlights the potential of baicalin as a natural quorum-sensing inhibitor for therapeutic applications in preventing ExPEC infection by targeting the LuxS/AI-2 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 400023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Mingxing Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Changyan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
| | - Shulin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (B.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 400023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
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Abdelhamid MK, Hess C, Bilic I, Glösmann M, Rehman HU, Liebhart D, Hess M, Paudel S. A comprehensive study of colisepticaemia progression in layer chickens applying novel tools elucidates pathogenesis and transmission of Escherichia coli into eggs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8111. [PMID: 38582950 PMCID: PMC10998890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Colisepticaemia caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a challenging disease due to its high economic importance in poultry, dubious pathogenesis and potential link with zoonosis and food safety. The existing in vitro studies can't define hallmark traits of APEC isolates, suggesting a paradigm shift towards host response to understand pathogenesis. This study investigated the comprehensive pathological and microbial progression of colisepticaemia, and transmission of E. coli into eggs using novel tools. In total 48 hens were allocated into three groups and were inoculated intratracheally with ilux2-E. coli PA14/17480/5-/ovary (bioluminescent strain), E. coli PA14/17480/5-/ovary or phosphate buffered saline. Infection with both strains led to typical clinical signs and lesions of colibacillosis as in field outbreaks. Based on lung histopathology, colisepticaemia progression was divided into four disease stages as: stage I (1-3 days post infection (dpi)), stage II (6 dpi), stage III (9 dpi) and stage IV (16 dpi) that were histologically characterized by predominance of heterophils, mixed cells, pyogranuloma, and convalescence, respectively. As disease progressed, bacterial colonization in host organs also decreased, revealed by the quantification of bacterial bioluminescence, bacteriology, and quantitative immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and bacteria re-isolation showed that E. coli colonized the reproductive tract of infected hens and reached to egg yolk and albumen. In conclusion, the study provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of colisepticemia by characterizing microbial and pathological changes at different disease stages, and of the bacteria transmission to table eggs, which have serious consequences on poultry health and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kamal Abdelhamid
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Claudia Hess
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivana Bilic
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Glösmann
- VetCore Facility for Research/Imaging Unit, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hammad Ur Rehman
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Liebhart
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Surya Paudel
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 1A-508, Block 1, To Yuen Building, 31 To Yuen Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR.
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Zuo F, Wang B, Wang L, He J, Qiu X. UV-Triggered Drug Release from Mesoporous Titanium Nanoparticles Loaded with Berberine Hydrochloride: Enhanced Antibacterial Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:1607. [PMID: 38611885 PMCID: PMC11013668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous titanium nanoparticles (MTN) have always been a concern and are considered to have great potential for overcoming antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In our study, MTN modified with functionalized UV-responsive ethylene imine polymer (PEI) was synthesized. The characterization of all products was performed by different analyses, including SEM, TEM, FT-IR, TGA, XRD, XPS, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The typical antibacterial drug berberine hydrochloride (BH) was encapsulated in MTN-PEI. The process exhibited a high drug loading capacity (22.71 ± 1.12%) and encapsulation rate (46.56 ± 0.52%) due to its high specific surface area of 238.43 m2/g. Moreover, UV-controlled drug release was achieved by utilizing the photocatalytic performance of MTN. The antibacterial effect of BH@MTN-PEI was investigated, which showed that it could be controlled to release BH and achieve a corresponding antibacterial effect by UV illumination for different lengths of time, with bacterial lethality reaching 37.76% after only 8 min of irradiation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the nanoparticles have also been studied. The MIC of BH@MTN-PEI was confirmed as 1 mg/mL against Escherichia coli (E. coli), at which the growth of bacteria was completely inhibited during 24 h and the concentration of 5 mg/mL for BH@MTN-PEI was regarded as MBC against E. coli. Although this proof-of-concept study is far from a real-life application, it provides a possible route to the discovery and application of antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjiao Zuo
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Boyao Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Lizhi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Jun He
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xilong Qiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
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10
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Martín-Vélez V, Navarro J, Figuerola J, Aymí R, Sabaté S, Planell R, Vila J, Montalvo T. A spatial analysis of urban gulls contribution to the potential spread of zoonotic and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168762. [PMID: 38007121 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife human interactions within cities are becoming more common with consequences for pathogen transmission and human health. Large gulls are opportunistic feeders, adapted to coexist with humans in urban environments, and are potential vectors for spread and transmission of pathogens, including antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. We investigated the potential role that urban gulls play in the spread and dispersal of these bacteria. We analysed 129 faecal swabs from yellow-legged gulls (Larus michahellis) of different ages (56 adults and 73 immatures) during the breeding period from three years in the highly populated city of Barcelona (northeastern Spain). Thirteen individuals tested positive for the pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni), including antibiotic-resistant strains. We modelled the potential spatial spread of pathogens using the GPS trajectories of 58 yellow-legged gulls (23 adults, 35 immature individuals), which included the thirteen individuals that tested positive for pathogenic bacteria. By overlapping the spatially explicit pathogen dispersal maps with the distribution of urban installations sensitive at risk of possible pathogen spillover (e.g. elder and medical centres, markets, food industries, kindergartens, or public water sources), we identified potential areas at risk of pathogen spillover. Pathogens may be potentially spread to municipalities beyond Barcelona city borders. The results revealed that immature gulls dispersed pathogens over larger areas than adults (maximum dispersal distances of 167 km versus 53.2 km, respectively). Recreational urban water sources were the most sensitive habitats visited by GPS-tagged gulls that tested positive, followed by schools. Combining GPS movement data with pathogen analytics allows spatially explicit maps to be generated using a One Health approach that can help urban and public health management within large cities, such as Barcelona, and identify areas used by humans that are sensitive to pathogen spillover from gulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Martín-Vélez
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Navarro
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), CSIC, Avenida Américo Vespucio 26, 41092 Sevilla, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raül Aymí
- Institut Català d'Ornitologia, Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona, Pl. Leonardo da Vinci, 4-5, a, Barcelona 08019, Spain
| | - Sara Sabaté
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Sant Quintí 77-79, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Planell
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Sant Quintí 77-79, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vila
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Montalvo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Sant Quintí 77-79, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona, Pl. Lesseps, 1, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Trintinaglia M, de Brito KCT, Kobayashi RKT, Otutumi LK, Nakazato G, de Souza Gazal LE, Cruz VD, de Brito BG. Phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of bacteria isolated from the respiratory microbiota of healthy turkeys with potential for probiotic composition. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:381-390. [PMID: 37707656 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Desirable characteristics of Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes isolated from the trachea of healthy turkeys were evaluated as probiotic candidates in the search for new alternatives to solve antimicrobial resistance issues in poultry. In current study phenotypic and genotypic capacity to produce bacteriocin-like substances, efficacy to inhibit the growth of avian pathogens, susceptibility to antimicrobials of bacteria isolated from the respiratory microbiota of healthy turkeys, and the presence of virulence-associated genes (VAGs) predictors of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) were evaluated. Nine E. coli and one Klebsiella sp. strains produced bacteriocin-like substances, and all harbored the cvaA gene. Some strains also showed antagonistic activity against APEC. Multidrug-resistant profile was found in 54% of the strains. Six strains of bacteriocin-like substances producing E. coli also harbored 3-5 VAGs. The study showed that two bacterial genuses (Klebsiella sp. and E. coli) present desirable probiotic characteristics. Our results identified strains with potential for poultry's respiratory probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Trintinaglia
- Secretariat of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research - Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul, (RS), Brazil
| | - Kelly Cristina Tagliari de Brito
- Secretariat of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research - Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul, (RS), Brazil.
| | | | - Luciana Kazue Otutumi
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products), Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Benito Guimarães de Brito
- Secretariat of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Diagnosis and Research - Postgraduate Program in Animal Health of the Institute for Veterinary Research Desidério Finamor, Livestock and Rural Development of Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul, (RS), Brazil
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12
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Gentile N, Carrasquer F, Marco-Fuertes A, Marin C. Backyard poultry: exploring non-intensive production systems. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103284. [PMID: 38056053 PMCID: PMC10749279 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of backyard poultry historically encompassed "food-producing animals." Nevertheless, a recent shift in livestock production paradigms within developed countries is evident, as backyard poultry owners now raise their birds for purposes beyond self-consumption, raising animals in a familiar way, and fostering emotional bonds with them. Because backyard animals are frequently privately owned, and the resulting products are typically not marketed, very little information is available about the demographic profile of backyard owners and information on flocks' characteristics, husbandry, and welfare. Thus, this review aims to clarify the characteristics of backyard poultry, highlighting the prevalent infectious diseases and the zoonotic risk to which farmers are exposed. According to the FAO, there are different types of poultry production systems: intensive, sub-intensive, and extensive. The system conditions, requirements, and the resulting performance differ extensively due to the type of breed, feeding practices, prevalence of disease, prevention and control of diseases, flock management, and the interactions among all these factors. The presence and transmission of infectious diseases in avian species is a problem that affects both the animals themselves and public health. Bacterial (Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Mycoplasma), parasitic (helminths, louses, and mites), and viral (Avian influenza, Newcastle, Marek, Infectious Bronchitis, Gumboro, Infectious Laringotracheitis, and Fowlpox) are the most important pathogens involved in backyard poultry health. In addition, Avian influenza, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and E. coli, could be a risk for backyard farmers and/or backyard-derived products consumers. Thus, proper biosecurity implementation measures are mandatory to control them. While the principles and practices of on-farm biosecurity may be well-versed among commercial farmers, hobbyists, and backyard farmers might not be familiar with the necessary steps to protect their flocks from infectious diseases and curb their transmission. This sector represents the fourth category of poultry farming, characterized by the lowest biosecurity standards. Consequently, it is imperative to address the legal status of backyard poultry, educate owners about biosecurity measures, and promote proper veterinary care and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicla Gentile
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy; Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Carrasquer
- H&N International GmbH, 27472 Cuxhaven, Germany; Institute of Science and Animal Technology, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Marco-Fuertes
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Clara Marin
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain.
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13
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Ge W, Li Z, Yang Y, Liu X, Zhu Z, Bai L, Qin Z, Xu X, Li J, Li S. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of FST and its effects on inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function in mice infected with Escherichia coli O78. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111386. [PMID: 38109839 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) can cause intestinal diseases in humans and livestock, damage the intestinal barrier, increase systemic inflammation, and seriously threaten human health and the development of animal husbandry. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel conjugate florfenicol sulfathiazole (FST) based on drug combination principles, and investigated its antibacterial activity in vitro and its protective effect on inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function in E. coli O78-infected mice in vivo. The results showed that FST had superior antibacterial properties and minimal cytotoxicity compared with its prodrugs as florfenicol and sulfathiazole. FST protected mice from lethal E. coli infection, reduced clinical signs of inflammation, reduced weight loss, alleviated intestinal structural damage. FST decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and increased the expression of claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1 in the jejunum, improved the intestinal barrier function, and promoted the absorption of nutrients. FST also inhibited the expression of TLR4, MyD88, p-p65, and p-p38 in the jejunum. The study may lay the foundation for the development of FST as new drugs for intestinal inflammation and injury in enteric pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Ge
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhun Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiwang Liu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhaohan Zhu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lixia Bai
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhe Qin
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Shihong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, China.
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14
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Abdelhamid MK, Nekouei O, Hess M, Paudel S. Association Between Escherichia coli Load in the Gut and Body Weight Gain in Broiler Chickens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Avian Dis 2024; 67:298-304. [PMID: 38300650 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-23-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the first commensal bacteria to colonize the chicken gut, where it predominates at an early stage of broiler chick life. Escherichia coli can potentially cause colibacillosis in chickens, spreading to extraintestinal systemic organs, which results in high economic losses in poultry industry, as well as a potential risk to public health. Many studies conducted to investigate the effectiveness of natural products as alternatives to antibiotics and to enhance the production performance in broiler chickens have assessed E. coli load in the chicken gut, but it is still unknown how the E. coli count is linked to broiler growth performance. A systematic search of published research articles, including key terms of interest such as broiler chickens, growth performance, and E. coli count, was conducted using two main databases (PubMed and the Web of Science). A random effects metaregression model was built to evaluate the association between E. coli count and weight gain in untreated groups of broilers (negative controls) from eligible studies. Of 2108 articles in the initial screening, 60 were included in the final meta-analysis. After data extraction, records from the ileum and cecum at 21, 35, and 42 days of age were considered for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the average E. coli count in both the ileum and cecum at 21 days of age was positively associated with the average weight gain in the studied broiler chickens, while no statistically significant associations were found at 35 and 42 days of age. In conclusion, the positive association between E. coli load and body weight gain in young broiler chickens may be attributed to the relative dominance of E. coli in the gut of this age group when the microbial population is less diverse. The dynamic association between the production performance and the load of E. coli that has dubious pathogenic potential suggests the importance of careful assessment of commensal E. coli to develop strategies to enhance production, particularly in young broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kamal Abdelhamid
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria,
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Omid Nekouei
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Michael Hess
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Surya Paudel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
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15
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Silva BA, do Amarante VS, Xavier RGC, Colombo SA, da Silva TF, Brenig B, Aburjaile FF, de Carvalho Azevedo VA, Silva ROS. Characterization of ESBL/AmpC-producing extraintestinal Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in dogs treated at a veterinary hospital in Brazil. Res Vet Sci 2024; 166:105106. [PMID: 38086217 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
The clinical aspects and lineages involved in Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) infections in dogs remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance and molecular structures of ExPECs isolated from infected dogs in Brazil. Samples were obtained from dogs (n = 42) with suspected extraintestinal bacterial infections. Phylogroup B2 was predominant (65.1%). No association was observed between the site of infection, phylogroups, or virulence factors. Almost half of the isolates (44.2%) were MDR, and 20.9% were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive. E. coli isolates that were resistant to fluoroquinolones (27.9%) were more likely to be MDR. The CTX-M-15 enzyme was predominant among the ESBL-producing strains, and seven sequence types were identified, including the high-risk clones ST44 and ST131. Single SNPs analysis confirmed the presence of two clonal transmissions. The present study showed a high frequency of ExPECs from phylogroup B2 infecting various sites and a high frequency of ESBL-producing strains that included STs frequently associated with human infection. This study also confirmed the nosocomial transmission of ESBL-producing E. coli, highlighting the need for further studies on the prevention and diagnosis of nosocomial infections in veterinary settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendhal Almeida Silva
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor Santos do Amarante
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Salene Angelini Colombo
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Tales Fernando da Silva
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Flavia Figueira Aburjaile
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 6627, Belo Horizonte 31.270-901, MG, Brazil.
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16
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Halfaoui Z, Rahab H, Achek R, Menoueri MN. First report of detection of mcr-1 and virulence genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in the center of Algeria. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH 2024; 25:5-15. [PMID: 39156804 PMCID: PMC11327648 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2024.47413.6840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) represents a major concern in the avian industry worldwide and limited studies have investigated Colistin resistance among APEC in Algeria. Aims Investigate antibiotic resistance, in particular, Colistin, and mediated-Colistin resistance (mcr) genes, as well as the virulence genes in APEC. Methods One hundred E. coli were isolated from poultry suspected of colibacillosis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on 14 antibiotics by the disk diffusion method. Colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed by the broth microdilution method. Using multiplex PCR, mcr genes (mcr-1 to 5) and 7 virulence-related genes were investigated in Colistin-resistant isolates. Results Results showed high resistance to Tetracycline (99%), Nalidixic acid (92%), Doxycycline (90%), Ampicillin (89%), Ofloxacin (74%), Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (72%), and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (57%); in addition, 92% of isolates were multidrug resistant. The rate of resistance to Colistin was 27% (27/100) of which 96.3% (26/27) of isolates carried the mcr-1 gene. Twenty-five of the Colistin-resistant isolates (92.59%) had at least three virulence genes. The most frequently isolated virulence genes were: fim H (96.3%) followed by hlyF, iroN, and iss (77.7%, each), iutA and ompT were found in 59.25% and 55.5% of isolates, respectively. The most prevalent combination of virulence factors was hlyF-iss-iroN-iutA-ompT-fimH. Conclusion This is the first report which highlighted Colistin resistance with the detection of mcr-1 in APEC isolates in the area of study. Colistin resistance and carriage of mcr-1 in virulent and multidrug-resistant isolates of E. coli are alarming and a surveillance program to limit the spread of these pathogens is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Halfaoui
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies Related to Animal Reproduction (LBRA), Blida-1 University, Blida (09000), Algeria
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Blida-1 University, BP 270, Blida (09000), Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life and Earth Sciences, Djilali Bounaama University, Khemis-Miliana 44225, Algeria
| | - H. Rahab
- Biotechnology Research Center, C.R.Bt, Ali Mendjli, BP E73, Constantine, Algeria
| | - R. Achek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life and Earth Sciences, Djilali Bounaama University, Khemis-Miliana 44225, Algeria
- Laboratory of Food Hygiene and Quality Assurance System HASAQ, High National Veterinary School Oued Smar, Algiers, Algeria
| | - M. N. Menoueri
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Blida-1 University, BP 270, Blida (09000), Algeria
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17
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Yousef HMY, Hashad ME, Osman KM, Alatfeehy NM, Hassan WMM, Elebeedy LA, Salem HM, Shami A, Al-Saeed FA, El-Saadony MT, El-Tarabily KA, Marouf S. Surveillance of Escherichia coli in different types of chicken and duck hatcheries: one health outlook. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103108. [PMID: 37862868 PMCID: PMC10616547 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is an important zoonotic bacterium that significantly impacts one health concept. E. coli is normally detected in the gut of warm-blooded animals, but some serotypes can cause diseases in humans and animals. Moreover, it can continue for a long time in different environments, replicate in water, and survive outside different hosts. In this study, 171 samples collected from 10 different types of poultry hatcheries (automatic, semiautomatic, and manual "traditional" types) were examined for the prevalence of E. coli. PCR was applied to verify the E. coli isolates via 16S rRNA gene-specific primers. From the gathered samples, 62 E. coli isolates were recovered (36.3%). The highest prevalence was met with the manual "traditional" hatcheries (57.1%) with no significance difference (P = 0.243) in the 3 types of hatcheries. The incidence of E. coli varied significantly in different tested avian types and breeds. The prevalence was 35.7% in duck hatcheries and 37% in chicken hatcheries, with significant differences between breeds of both species (P = 0.024 and 0.001, respectively). The identification of zoonotic E. coli serotypes in this study is concerning, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts across various sectors, including social, environmental, and governance, to promote the adoption of the one health principle in the chicken business. Periodical surveillance, biosecurity measures at the hatcheries and farm levels, and boosting the immunity of birds were recommended to limit the risk of E. coli spread from avian sources to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend M Y Yousef
- Central Administration of Preventive Medicine, General Organization for Veterinary Service, Giza 3751254, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E Hashad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Kamelia M Osman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Nayera M Alatfeehy
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M M Hassan
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production (RLQP), Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Lamia A Elebeedy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, Kharga Oasis, New Valley 1065002, Egypt
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Ashwag Shami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah A Al-Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sherif Marouf
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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18
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Wang Z, Chen R, Xia F, Jiang M, Zhu D, Zhang Y, Dai J, Zhuge X. ProQ binding to small RNA RyfA promotes virulence and biofilm formation in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli. Vet Res 2023; 54:109. [PMID: 37993891 PMCID: PMC10664665 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01241-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a notable subpathotype of the nonhuman extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Recognized as an extraintestinal foodborne pathogen, the zoonotic potential of APEC/ExPEC allows for cross-host transmission via APEC-contaminated poultry meat and eggs. ProQ, an RNA binding protein, is evolutionarily conserved in E. coli. However, its regulatory roles in the biofilm formation and virulence of APEC/ExPEC have not been explored. In this study, proQ deletion in the APEC strain FY26 significantly compromised its biofilm-forming ability. Furthermore, animal tests and cellular infection experiments showed that ProQ depletion significantly attenuated APEC virulence, thereby diminishing its capacity for bloodstream infection and effective adherence to and persistence within host cells. Transcriptome analysis revealed a decrease in the transcription level of the small RNA (sRNA) RyfA in the mutant FY26ΔproQ, suggesting a direct interaction between the sRNA RyfA and ProQ. This interaction might indicate that sRNA RyfA is a novel ProQ-associated sRNA. Moreover, the direct binding of ProQ to the sRNA RyfA was crucial for APEC biofilm formation, pathogenicity, adhesion, and intracellular survival. In conclusion, our findings provide detailed insight into the interaction between ProQ and sRNA RyfA and deepen our understanding of the regulatory elements that dictate APEC virulence and biofilm development. Such insights are instrumental in developing strategies to counteract APEC colonization within hosts and impede APEC biofilm establishment on food surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rui Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fufang Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Min Jiang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dongyu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianjun Dai
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Xiangkai Zhuge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Mao Z, Zhang H, Cai W, Yang Y, Zhang X, Jiang F, Li G. NhaA facilitates the maintenance of bacterial envelope integrity and the evasion of complement attack contributing to extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli virulence. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0003923. [PMID: 37815368 PMCID: PMC10652942 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00039-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is responsible for severe bloodstream infections in humans and animals. However, the mechanisms underlying ExPEC's serum resistance remain incompletely understood. Through the transposon-directed insertion-site sequencing approach, our previous study identified nhaA, the gene encoding a Na+/H+ antiporter, as a crucial factor for infection in vivo. In this study, we investigated the role of NhaA in ExPEC virulence utilizing both in vitro models and systemic infection models involving avian and mammalian animals. Genetic mutagenesis analysis revealed that nhaA deletion resulted in filamentous bacterial morphology and rendered the bacteria more susceptible to sodium dodecyl sulfate, suggesting the role of nhaA in maintaining cell envelope integrity. The nhaA mutant also displayed heightened sensitivity to complement-mediated killing compared to the wild-type strain, attributed to augmented deposition of complement components (C3b and C9). Remarkably, NhaA played a more crucial role in virulence compared to several well-known factors, including Iss, Prc, NlpI, and OmpA. Our findings revealed that NhaA significantly enhanced virulence across diverse human ExPEC prototype strains within B2 phylogroups, suggesting widespread involvement in virulence. Given its pivotal role, NhaA could serve as a potential drug target for tackling ExPEC infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Mao
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Haobo Zhang
- National Animal Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Division of Zoonoses Surveillance, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Wentong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Fengwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ganwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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20
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Haley BJ, Kim SW, Salaheen S, Hovingh E, Van Kessel JAS. Genome-Wide Analysis of Escherichia coli Isolated from Dairy Animals Identifies Virulence Factors and Genes Enriched in Multidrug-Resistant Strains. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1559. [PMID: 37887260 PMCID: PMC10604827 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tracts of dairy calves and cows are reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB), which are present regardless of previous antimicrobial therapy. Young calves harbor a greater abundance of resistant bacteria than older cows, but the factors driving this high abundance are unknown. Here, we aimed to fully characterize the genomes of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and antimicrobial-susceptible Escherichia coli strains isolated from pre-weaned calves, post-weaned calves, dry cows, and lactating cows and to identify the accessory genes that are associated with the MDR genotype to discover genetic targets that can be exploited to mitigate antimicrobial resistance in dairy farms. Results indicated that both susceptible and resistant E. coli isolates recovered from animals on commercial dairy operations were highly diverse and encoded a large pool of virulence factors. In total, 838 transferrable antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were detected, with genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides being the most common. Multiple sequence types (STs) associated with mild to severe human gastrointestinal and extraintestinal infections were identified. A Fisher's Exact Test identified 619 genes (ARGs and non-ARGs) that were significantly enriched in MDR isolates and 147 genes that were significantly enriched in susceptible isolates. Significantly enriched genes in MDR isolates included the iron scavenging aerobactin synthesis and receptor genes (iucABCD-iutA) and the sitABCD system, as well as the P fimbriae pap genes, myo-inositol catabolism (iolABCDEG-iatA), and ascorbate transport genes (ulaABC). The results of this study demonstrate a highly diverse population of E. coli in commercial dairy operations, some of which encode virulence genes responsible for severe human infections and resistance to antibiotics of human health significance. Further, the enriched accessory genes in MDR isolates (aerobactin, sit, P fimbriae, and myo-inositol catabolism and ascorbate transport genes) represent potential targets for reducing colonization of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the calf gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradd J. Haley
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 307 Center Drive, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.W.K.)
| | - Seon Woo Kim
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 307 Center Drive, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.W.K.)
| | - Serajus Salaheen
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 307 Center Drive, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.W.K.)
| | - Ernest Hovingh
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jo Ann S. Van Kessel
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 307 Center Drive, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (S.W.K.)
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21
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Guragain M, Kanrar S, Bagi L, Chen CY. Complete closed genome sequences of three multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023; 12:e0042223. [PMID: 37768048 PMCID: PMC10586095 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00422-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by antibiotic-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli may result in treatment failure and thus pose a serious public health threat. Here we report the complete closed genome sequence of three multidrug-resistant (MDR) human uropathogenic E. coli isolates using long-read sequencing technology and de novo assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manita Guragain
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Siddhartha Kanrar
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lori Bagi
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chin-Yi Chen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, USA
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22
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Szmolka A, Gellért Á, Szemerits D, Rapcsák F, Spisák S, Adorján A. Emergence and Genomic Features of a mcr-1 Escherichia coli from Duck in Hungary. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1519. [PMID: 37887221 PMCID: PMC10604428 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmids carrying high-risk resistance mechanisms in pathogenic E. coli have gained particular attention in veterinary medicine, especially since the discovery of the colistin resistance gene, mcr-1. Here, we provide the first evidence of its emergence and describe the complete mcr-1 plasmid sequence of a multi-resistant avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) strain from waterfowl in Hungary. Whole-genome sequencing analysis and core-genome MLST were performed to characterize the genome structure of the mcr-1 plasmid and to reveal the phylogenetic relation between the Hungarian duck strain Ec45-2020 and the internationally circulating mcr-1-positive E. coli strains from poultry and humans. Results showed that plasmid pEc45-2020-33kb displayed a high level of genome identity with mcr-1 plasmids of IncX4 type widespread among human, animal and food reservoirs of enteric bacteria of public health. The mcr-1-positive E. coli strain Ec45-2020 belongs to the ST162 genotype, considered as one of the globally disseminated zoonotic genotypes of MDR E. coli. In accordance with international findings, our results underline the importance of continuous surveillance of enteric bacteria with high-risk antimicrobial resistance genotypes, including neglected animals, such as waterfowls, as possible reservoirs for the colistin resistance gene mcr-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ama Szmolka
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.G.); (F.R.)
| | - Ákos Gellért
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.G.); (F.R.)
| | - Dóra Szemerits
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; (D.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Fanni Rapcsák
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; (Á.G.); (F.R.)
| | - Sándor Spisák
- Institute of Enzymology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - András Adorján
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1143 Budapest, Hungary; (D.S.); (A.A.)
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23
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Yao L, Bao Y, Hu J, Zhang B, Wang Z, Wang X, Guo W, Wang D, Qi J, Tian M, Bao Y, Li H, Wang S. A lytic phage to control multidrug-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1253815. [PMID: 37743864 PMCID: PMC10513416 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1253815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Bacteriophages (phages) have gained renewed attention as promising alternatives or supplements to antibiotics. In this study, a lytic avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) phage designated as PEC9 was isolated and purified from chicken farm feces samples. The morphology, genomic information, optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI), one-step growth curve, thermal stability, pH stability, in vitro antibacterial ability and biofilm formation inhibition ability of the phage were determined. Subsequently, the therapeutic effects of the phages were investigated in the mice model. The results showed that PEC9 was a member of the siphovirus-like by electron microscopy observation. Biological characterization revealed that it could lyse two serotypes of E. coli, including O1 (9/20) and O2 (6/20). The optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of phage PEC9 was 0.1. Phage PEC9 had a latent period of 20 min and a burst period of 40 min, with an average burst size of 68 plaque-forming units (PFUs)/cell. It maintained good lytic activity at pH 3-11 and 4-50°C and could efficiently inhibit the bacterial planktonic cell growth and biofilm formation, and reduce bacterial counts within the biofilm, when the MOI was 0.01, 0.1, and 1, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing showed that PEC9 was a dsDNA virus with a genome of 44379 bp and GC content of 54.39%. The genome contains 56 putative ORFs and no toxin, virulence, or resistance-related genes were detected. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that PEC9 is closely related to E. coli phages vB_EcoS_Zar3M, vB_EcoS_PTXU06, SECphi18, ZCEC10, and ZCEC11, but most of these phages exhibit different gene arrangement. The phage PEC9 could successfully protect mice against APEC infection, including improved survival rate, reduced bacterial loads, and organ lesions. To conclude, our results suggest that phage PEC9 may be a promising candidate that can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in the control of APEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinli Bao
- Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis of Fujian Province University, College of Life Science, Longyan University, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangang Hu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Guo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Qi
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxing Tian
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqing Bao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
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24
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Ibrahim N, Boyen F, Mohsin MAS, Ringenier M, Berge AC, Chantziaras I, Fournié G, Pfeiffer D, Dewulf J. Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli and Its Correlation with Antimicrobial Use on Commercial Poultry Farms in Bangladesh. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1361. [PMID: 37760658 PMCID: PMC10525429 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, posing risks to human and animal health. This research quantified antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in E. coli isolates from poultry fecal and environmental samples in Bangladesh and explored their association with antimicrobial use (AMU). We screened 725 fecal and 250 environmental samples from 94 conventional broilers and 51 Sonali farms for E. coli presence using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. AMU data were collected at flock levels, expressed as treatment incidence (TI), while minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 14 antibiotics were determined on five fecal E. coli isolates per farm and on all environmental isolates. MIC results were interpreted using human clinical breakpoints and EUCAST epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFFs). Acquired resistance against commonly used antimicrobial agents such as ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and ampicillin, was extremely high and predominantly clinically relevant. There was a moderate correlation between fecal and environmental antibiotic resistance index (ARI), but there was no significant correlation between AMU and AMR, suggesting that the observed AMR prevalence is unrelated to current AMU in poultry, but may be due to high historical AMU. A high level of multidrug resistance, including against critically important antimicrobials, was found in both farm types. Therefore, an AMR/AMU surveillance program is urgently needed in the poultry production sector of Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelima Ibrahim
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Filip Boyen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Md. Abu Shoieb Mohsin
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4202, Bangladesh;
| | - Moniek Ringenier
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Anna Catharina Berge
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ilias Chantziaras
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Fournié
- Université de Lyon, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, 69280 Marcy l’Etoile, France
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, 63122 Saint Genes Champanelle, France
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Dirk Pfeiffer
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jeroen Dewulf
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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25
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Zong B, Xiao Y, Ren M, Wang P, Fu S, Qiu Y. Baicalin Weakens the Porcine ExPEC-Induced Inflammatory Response in 3D4/21 Cells by Inhibiting the Expression of NF- κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways and Reducing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2126. [PMID: 37630686 PMCID: PMC10458126 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a leading cause of death in pigs and has led to considerable economic losses for the pig industry. Porcine ExPEC infections often cause systemic inflammatory responses in pigs, characterized by meningitis, arthritis, pneumonia, and septicemia. Baicalin has been reported to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity, but its function in porcine ExPEC remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect and mechanism of baicalin against the porcine ExPEC-induced inflammatory responses in 3D4/21 cells. After treatment with baicalin, the effects on cell damage, the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and the activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes were examined. Our results show that baicalin significantly reduced the damage to 3D4/21 cells infected with porcine ExPEC PCN033. Further study showed that baicalin significantly reduced the transcription and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Furthermore, baicalin inhibited the phosphorylation of proteins such as P65, nuclear factor κB inhibitor α (IκBα), extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and P38 and reduced the expression levels of proteins such as NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1. These results reveal that baicalin reduced the damage to 3D4/21 cells by inhibiting the expression of NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways and blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation in 3D4/21 cells infected with porcine ExPEC. Taken together, these results suggest that baicalin may have potential as a medicine for the treatment of porcine ExPEC-infected pigs by regulating inflammatory responses. This study provides a novel potential pharmaco-therapeutic approach to preventing porcine ExPEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 400023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Mingxing Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Shulin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 400023, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan 400023, China
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26
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Casalino G, Dinardo FR, D’Amico F, Bozzo G, Bove A, Camarda A, Lombardi R, Dimuccio MM, Circella E. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Cinnamon Essential Oil against Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Poultry. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2639. [PMID: 37627430 PMCID: PMC10451300 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colibacillosis, caused by E. coli, is responsible for economic losses in the poultry industry due to mortality, decreased production, and the cost of antibiotic treatments. Prevention of colibacillosis is based on improved biosecurity measures and the use of the vaccine performed with O78 E. coli strains, which is responsible for most cases of colibacillosis. Recently, there has been increased interest in other infection control methods, such as the use of natural compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) against E. coli strains isolated from poultry. The MIC50 and MIC90 of CEO were determined by testing 117 strains belonging to serogroups O78, O2, O128, O139, isolated from laying hens (91 strains), broilers (10 strains), and turkeys (16 strains). The bacterial strains were tested at cell densities of 108 and 106 CFU/mL. At the cell density of 108 CFU/mL, MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.4 and 0.5 µL/mL for most of the tested strains, while they corresponded to 0.5 µL/mL for all strains isolated from broilers and for strains belonging to serogroup O139. At the cell density of 106 CFU/mL, MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.3 and 0.4 µL/mL, regardless of bird species of origin and for strains belonging to serogroups O78 and O2. In addition, a concentration of 0.04 µL/mL of CEO corresponded both to MIC50 and MIC90 for strains belonging to serogroups O139 and O128. Based on these results, cinnamon essential oil showed an effective antibacterial activity against E. coli strains from poultry and could find field application for the prevention of colibacillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elena Circella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S. P. Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (G.C.); (F.R.D.); (F.D.); (G.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.L.); (M.M.D.)
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Sattar S, Bailie M, Yaqoob A, Khanum S, Fatima K, Altaf AURB, Ahmed I, Shah STA, Munawar J, Zehra QA, Daud S, Arshad A, Imdad K, Javed S, Tariq A, Bostan N, Altermann E. Characterization of two novel lytic bacteriophages having lysis potential against MDR avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains of zoonotic potential. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10043. [PMID: 37340022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) is associated with local and systemic infections in poultry, ducks, turkeys, and many other avian species, leading to heavy economical losses. These APEC strains are presumed to possess zoonotic potential due to common virulence markers that can cause urinary tract infections in humans. The prophylactic use of antibiotics in the poultry sector has led to the rapid emergence of Multiple Drug Resistant (MDR) APEC strains that act as reservoirs and put human populations at risk. This calls for consideration of alternative strategies to decrease the bacterial load. Here, we report isolation, preliminary characterization, and genome analysis of two novel lytic phage species (Escherichia phage SKA49 and Escherichia phage SKA64) against MDR strain of APEC, QZJM25. Both phages were able to keep QZJM25 growth significantly less than the untreated bacterial control for approximately 18 h. The host range was tested against Escherichia coli strains of poultry and human UTI infections. SKA49 had a broader host range in contrast to SKA64. Both phages were stable at 37 °C only. Their genome analysis indicated their safety as no recombination, integration and host virulence genes were identified. Both these phages can be good candidates for control of APEC strains based on their lysis potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Sattar
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Marc Bailie
- AgResearch, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - Akasha Yaqoob
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | | | - Kaniz Fatima
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Anees Ur Rehman Bin Altaf
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Ibrar Ahmed
- Alpha Genomics Private Limited, Islamabad, 45710, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tahir Abbas Shah
- Functional Genomics Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Munawar
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Quaratul Ain Zehra
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Sajeela Daud
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Arshad
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Imdad
- Microbiology and Immunology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Sundus Javed
- Microbiology and Immunology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Amira Tariq
- Microbiology and Immunology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Bostan
- Molecular Virology Labs, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Eric Altermann
- School of Veterinary Science Massey University Centre for Bioparticle Applications, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4472, New Zealand
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Jalil A, Masood S, Ain Q, Andleeb S, Dudley EG, Adnan F. High resistance of fluoroquinolone and macrolide reported in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from the humid subtropical regions of Pakistan. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 33:5-17. [PMID: 36764657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial resistance profile, virulence potential, and genetic characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) that cause colibacillosis in poultry. METHODS Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was measured via the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against 27 commonly used antibiotics. Phylogrouping, virulence-associated gene detection, and hybrid strain detection via multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genetic diversity were analysed via ERIC-PCR fingertyping method. RESULTS AST analysis showed 100% of isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and highest resistance was against penicillin, tetracycline, and macrolide classes of antibiotics. The mcr-1 gene was present in 40% of the isolates, though only 4% of isolates were showing phenotypic resistance. Despite the scarce use of fluoroquinolone, carbapenem, and cephalosporin in the poultry sector, resistance was evident because of the high prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) (53.7%) and other β-lactamases in APEC isolates. β-lactamase genotyping of APEC isolates revealed that 85.7% of isolates contained either blaCTX or blaTEM and around 38% of isolates were complement resistant. Growth in human urine was evident in 67.3% of isolates. Phylogroup B1 (51%) was the most prevalent group followed by phylogroups A (30.6%), D (13.61%), and B2 (4.76%). The most prevalent virulence-associated genes were fimH, iss, and tatT. Results showed that 26 isolates (17.69%) can be termed hybrid strains and APEC/EHEC (enterohemorrhagic E. coli) was the most prevalent hybrid E. coli pathotype. ERIC-PCR fingerprinting genotype analysis clustered APEC isolates in 40 groups (E1-E40). This study provides insights into the antibiotic resistance and virulence profiling of the APEC isolates in Pakistan. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study provide insights into that the antibiotic resistance and virulence profiling of the APEC isolates in Pakistan. This data can inform future studies designed to better estimate the severity of the colibacillosis in poultry farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Jalil
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saleha Masood
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Quratul Ain
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Andleeb
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Edward G Dudley
- Department of Food Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; Escherichia coli Reference Centre, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Fazal Adnan
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Thabet AM, Alzuheir IM, Laham NAA, Helal BYA, Fayyad AF, Jalboush NH, Gharaibeh MH. First report of mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from turkeys in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Vet World 2023; 16:1260-1265. [PMID: 37577205 PMCID: PMC10421552 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1260-1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Colistin is used to treat avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), a microorganism that affects turkey meat production in the Gaza Strip and worldwide. However, the recent emergence of plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes in pathogenic E. coli strains is a serious antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenge for both human and animal health. In December 2018, colistin was banned as a veterinary antimicrobial in the Gaza Strip. This study aimed to detect and track the prevalence of colistin-resistant APEC isolated from turkey flocks in the Gaza Strip. Materials and Methods This study investigated 239 APEC isolates from turkey flocks in the Gaza Strip between October 2018 and December 2021 (at 6-month intervals). The colistin-resistant APEC strains were detected using the broth microdilution method. The mcr-1 gene was identified using a polymerase chain reaction. Results The overall colistin resistance among the isolated APECs was 32.2% during the study period. The average resistance in the first interval was 37.5%, which significantly decreased to 9.3% in the last interval. Among the 77 phenotypically resistant isolates, 32.4% were positive for mcr-1. The average abundance of mcr-1 in the first interval was 66.6%, which decreased to 25% in the last interval. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the presence of the mcr-1 gene among the APEC isolates from turkeys in the Gaza Strip. Banned veterinary use of colistin significantly decreased the percentage of resistant APEC isolates from turkeys in Gaza Strip. Further studies are needed to investigate other colistin resistance genes and track the emergence of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Thabet
- Thabet Center for Veterinary Services diagnostic laboratory, Gaza Strip, Palestine
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Gaza Strip, Palestine
| | - Ibrahim M. Alzuheir
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7 Nablus, Palestine
| | - Nahed A. Al Laham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University, Gaza Strip, Palestine
| | - Belal Y. Abu Helal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7 Nablus, Palestine
| | - Adnan F. Fayyad
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7 Nablus, Palestine
| | - Nasr H. Jalboush
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7 Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohammad H. Gharaibeh
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030 Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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Mudenda S, Malama S, Munyeme M, Matafwali SK, Kapila P, Katemangwe P, Mainda G, Mukubesa AN, Hadunka MA, Muma JB. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from laying hens in Zambia: implications and significance on one health. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2023; 5:dlad060. [PMID: 37223392 PMCID: PMC10202439 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been deepening in the layer poultry sector in Zambia partly due to the inappropriate use of antimicrobials. Escherichia coli (E. coli), a commensal and zoonotic bacterium, can potentially be a source of AMR. Objectives This study assessed the phenotypic AMR profiles of E. coli isolated from the apparent health-laying hens in Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces of Zambia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2020 and April 2021 in which 365 cloacal swabs were collected from 77-layer farms based in Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces of Zambia. E. coli isolation and identification were done using cultural and biochemical properties and confirmed using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method. Data analysis was done using WHONET 2020 and Stata v.16.1. Results Of the 365 samples, E. coli was isolated from 92.9% (n = 339). The AMR was detected in 96.5% (n = 327) of the isolates, of which 64.6% (n = 219) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). E. coli was highly resistant to tetracycline (54.6%) and ampicillin (54%) but showed low resistance to meropenem (0.9%), ceftazidime (6.2%) and chloramphenicol (8.8%). Conclusion This study found a high prevalence of E. coli resistant to some commonly used antibiotics in poultry, which is a public health concern because of the potential contamination of eggs and layers of chicken meat that enter the food chain. Urgent attention is needed, including strengthening antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance programmes in layer poultry production in Zambia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sydney Malama
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Musso Munyeme
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Scott Kaba Matafwali
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Penjaninge Kapila
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Patrick Katemangwe
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Geoffrey Mainda
- Department of Veterinary Services, Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia
| | | | - Mwendalubi Albert Hadunka
- Department of Animal Health, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Lusaka, Zambia
| | - John Bwalya Muma
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
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Yang Y, Ge J, Lu Y, Zhou Y, Sun H, Li H. Long noncoding RNAs expression profile of RIP2 knockdown in chicken HD11 macrophages associated with avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:104650. [PMID: 36736641 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) has been detected to cause many acute and chronic diseases, resulting in huge economic losses to the poultry industry. Previous experiments have identified the effect of receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 (RIP2) gene in APEC infection. Moreover, increasing evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the anti-bacteria responses. However, little is known about the functions of lncRNAs, especially related to RIP2, in response to APEC. Therefore, we tried to reveal lncRNAs potentially involved in the immune and inflammatory response against APEC infection, with a particular focus on those possibly correlated with RIP2. A total of 1856 and 1373 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs were identified in knockdown of RIP2 cells following APEC infection (shRIP2+APEC) vs. APEC and shRIP2 vs. wild type cells (WT), respectively, which were mainly enriched in lysosome, phagosome, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway. Significantly, TCONS_00009695 regulated by RIP2 could directly alter the expression of target BIRC3 to modulate cytokines and to participate in immune and inflammatory response against APEC infection. Our findings aid to a better understanding of host responses to APEC infection and provide new directions for understanding the potential association between lncRNAs and APEC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiayi Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yuyang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Huan Li
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Yangzhou Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Products Intelligent Measurement and Control & Cleaner Production, Yangzhou, 225009, China
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Li H, Sun H, Yang Y, Ma Y, Li N, Tan J, Sun C. Integrated analysis of mRNA and microRNA expression pattern reveals differential transcriptome signatures in RIPK2 over-expressing chicken macrophages infected with avian pathogenic E. coli. Br Poult Sci 2023:1-13. [PMID: 36607339 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2163153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
1. As RIPK2 (receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 2) has been shown to to alleviate excessive inflammatory responses, the following study conducted a systematic and in-depth analysis of the mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq data from chicken macrophages with/without over-expression of RIPK2 (oeRIPK2) combined with/without avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) infection to identify the miRNA-mRNA interaction network and potential signalling pathways involved.2. A total of 9,201 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 300 DE miRNA were identified in both oeRIPK2+APEC vs. APEC and oeRIPK2 vs. the wild-type (WT). Moreover, 4,269 instances of co-expression between miRNAs and mRNAs were seen involving 1,652 DE mRNAs and 164 DE miRNAs.3. Functional analysis of the DE mRNAs in the miRNA-mRNA interaction network showed that 223 biological processes and five KEGG pathways were significantly enriched in the two comparisons. In total, 128 pairs of miRNA-mRNA interactions were involved in the identified MAPK signalling pathway and focal adhesion immune related pathways.4. Significantly, these screened miRNAs (gga-miR-222b-5p and gga-miR-214) and their target genes were highly correlated with APEC infection and RIPK2. These recognised key genes, miRNA and the overall miRNA-mRNA regulatory network, enables better understanding of the molecular mechanism of host response to APEC infection, especially related to RIPK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Yangzhou Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Products Intelligent Measurement and Control & Cleaner Production, Yangzhou, China
| | - H Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Y Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - N Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - J Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - C Sun
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Yangzhou Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Products Intelligent Measurement and Control & Cleaner Production, Yangzhou, China
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Santos ACM, Santos-Neto JF, Trovão LO, Romano RFT, Silva RM, Gomes TAT. Characterization of unconventional pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from bloodstream infection: virulence beyond the opportunism. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:15-28. [PMID: 36480121 PMCID: PMC9943985 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is the leading cause of urinary tract infection worldwide and a critical bloodstream infection agent. There are more than 50 virulence factors (VFs) related to ExPEC pathogenesis; however, many strains isolated from extraintestinal infections are devoid of these factors. Since opportunistic infections may occur in immunocompromised patients, E. coli strains that lack recognized VFs are considered opportunist, and their virulence potential is neglected. We assessed eleven E. coli strains isolated from bloodstream infections and devoid of the most common ExPEC VFs to understand their pathogenic potential. The strains were evaluated according to their capacity to interact in vitro with human eukaryotic cell lineages (Caco-2, T24, HEK293T, and A549 cells), produce type 1 fimbriae and biofilm in diverse media, resist to human sera, and be lethal to Galleria mellonella. One strain displaying all phenotypic traits was sequenced and evaluated. Ten strains adhered to Caco-2 (colon), eight to T24 (bladder), five to HEK-293 T (kidney), and four to A549 (lung) cells. Eight strains produced type 1 fimbriae, ten adhered to abiotic surfaces, nine were serum resistant, and seven were virulent in the G. mellonella model. Six of the eleven E. coli strains displayed traits compatible with pathogens, five of which were isolated from an immune-competent host. The genome of the EC175 strain, isolated from a patient with urosepsis, reveals that the strain belonged to ST504-A, and serotype O11:H11; harbors thirteen VFs genes, including genes encoding UpaG and yersiniabactin as the only ExPEC VFs identified. Together, our results suggest that the ExPEC pathotype includes pathogens from phylogroups A and B1, which harbor VFs that remain to be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina M Santos
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias, Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, Edifício Prof. Dr. Antônio C. Mattos Paiva, 3º Andar. Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil.
| | - José F Santos-Neto
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias, Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, Edifício Prof. Dr. Antônio C. Mattos Paiva, 3º Andar. Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Liana O Trovão
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias, Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, Edifício Prof. Dr. Antônio C. Mattos Paiva, 3º Andar. Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Ricardo F T Romano
- Laboratório de Patogênese de Enterobacterales, Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Diagnóstico Por Imagem, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Silva
- Laboratório de Patogênese de Enterobacterales, Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tânia A T Gomes
- Laboratório Experimental de Patogenicidade de Enterobactérias, Disciplina de Microbiologia, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 862, Edifício Prof. Dr. Antônio C. Mattos Paiva, 3º Andar. Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil.
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Chicken Production and Human Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates Differ in Their Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factors. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0116722. [PMID: 36651726 PMCID: PMC9973021 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01167-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Contamination of food animal products by Escherichia coli is a leading cause of foodborne disease outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in humans. Chicken is the most consumed meat both in the United States and across the globe according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Although E. coli is a ubiquitous commensal bacterium of the guts of humans and animals, its ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and virulence factors (VFs) can lead to the emergence of pathogenic strains that are resistant to critically important antibiotics. Thus, it is important to identify the genetic factors that contribute to the virulence and AMR of E. coli. In this study, we performed in-depth genomic evaluation of AMR genes and VFs of E. coli genomes available through the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System GenomeTrackr database. Our objective was to determine the genetic relatedness of chicken production isolates and human clinical isolates. To achieve this aim, we first developed a massively parallel analytical pipeline (Reads2Resistome) to accurately characterize the resistome of each E. coli genome, including the AMR genes and VFs harbored. We used random forests and hierarchical clustering to show that AMR genes and VFs are sufficient to classify isolates into different pathogenic phylogroups and host origin. We found that the presence of key type III secretion system and AMR genes differentiated human clinical isolates from chicken production isolates. These results further improve our understanding of the interconnected role AMR genes and VFs play in shaping the evolution of pathogenic E. coli strains. IMPORTANCE Pathogenic Escherichia coli causes disease in both humans and food-producing animals. E. coli pathogenesis is dependent on a repertoire of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes. Food-borne outbreaks are highly associated with the consumption of undercooked and contaminated food products. This association highlights the need to understand the genetic factors that make E. coli virulent and pathogenic in humans and poultry. This research shows that E. coli isolates originating from human clinical settings and chicken production harbor different antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors that can be used to classify them into phylogroups and host origins. In addition, to aid in the repeatability and reproducibility of the results presented in this study, we have made a public repository of the Reads2Resistome pipeline and have provided the accession numbers associated with the E. coli genomes analyzed.
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Astudillo-Riera F, Astudillo-Vallejo K, Gómez-Asanza ML, Pacha-Aguilar LA, Vallecillo-Maza AJ, Rivera-Pirela SE. Caracterización fenotípica y molecular de colifagos de granjas de pollos de engorde con Colibacilosis y plantas beneficiadoras de aves en Azuay, Ecuador. REVISTA CIENTÍFICA DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS 2023. [DOI: 10.52973/rcfcv-e33211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
La Escherichia coli patógena extraintestinal, denominada E. coli patógena aviar, posee atributos de virulencia específicos que causan infecciones invasivas en aves de corral, responsables de la Colibacilosis aviar. Los veterinarios tienen opciones restringidas de agentes antimicrobianos para su tratamiento, debido a problemas de resistencia bacteriana de la E. coli, que incide indirectamente en la salud humana. Como alternativa se plantea el uso de bacteriófagos con poder bacteriolítico específico contra bacterias enteropatógenas. El objetivo de este estudio fue el de caracterizar bacteriófagos líticos específicos para E. coli (colifagos) como una alternativa de biocontrol contra la colibacilosis aviar, determinando su especificidad frente a E. coli enteropatógenas aisladas de la zona, su capacidad lítica, fenotipo y genotipo. Para ello se recolectaron muestras ambientales de plantas beneficiadoras avícolas y de aguas residuales en granjas de producción con problemas de colibacilosis. Se procedió al aislamiento de bacteriófagos con actividad lítica aparente frente a E. coli TOP10F´ y sobre los aislados de E. coli patógenas previamente caracterizadas de la zona. Un total de 36 aislados de colifagos líticos fueron enfrentados a 10 cepas patógenas de E. coli. De éstos, 22 fagos afectaron entre el 10–50 % de las cepas evaluadas, 5 fagos infectaron entre el 60 y 70 % y solo 9 fagos no mostraron capacidad lítica frente a las cepas patógenas de E. coli. Los fagos con capacidad lítica más alta fueron seleccionados y caracterizados genotípicamente mediante la técnica de fragmentos de restricción de longitud polimórfica (RFLP), posterior a su tratamiento con enzimas de restricción: BamHI, EcoRI, EcoRV y Hind III. Como resultado se obtuvieron 4 colifagos con diferentes patrones de banda. Se concluye que, en muestras ambientales de granjas avícolas diagnosticadas de colibacilosis, se pueden aislar una gran variedad de colifagos con potencial lítico para el biocontrol de E. coli patógena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Astudillo-Riera
- Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Cuenca, Ecuador - Universidad de Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Kevin Astudillo-Vallejo
- Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Maria Laura Gómez-Asanza
- Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Luis Armando Pacha-Aguilar
- Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Antonio Javier Vallecillo-Maza
- Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. Cuenca, Ecuador - Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular. Cuenca, Ecuador
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Zou H, Han J, Zhao L, Wang D, Guan Y, Wu T, Hou X, Han H, Li X. The shared NDM-positive strains in the hospital and connecting aquatic environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160404. [PMID: 36427732 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic-resistant priority pathogens outside hospital settings is, both, a significant public health concern and an environmental problem. In recent years, New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-positive strains have caused nosocomial infections with high mortality and poor prognosis worldwide. Our study investigated the links of NDM-positive strains between the hospital and the connecting river system in Jinan city, Eastern China by using NDM-producing Escherichia coli (NDM-EC) as an indicator via whole genome sequencing. Thirteen NDM-EC isolates were detected from 187 river water and sediment samples, while 9 isolates were identified from patients at the local hospital. All NDM-EC isolates were resistant to imipenem, meropenem, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ampicillin, tetracycline, fosfomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam. The blaNDM-5 (n = 20) and blaNDM-9 (n = 2) genes were identified, which were predominantly on IncX3 plasmids (n = 13), followed by IncFII plasmids (n = 5) and IncFIA plasmids (n = 2). Conjugation experiments showed that 21 isolates could transfer NDM-harboring plasmids. The well-conserved blaNDM-5 genetic environment (ISAba125-blaNDM-5/9-bleMBL-trpF-dsbD-IS26) of these plasmids suggested a common genetic origin. Nine sequence types (STs) were detected, including three international high-risk clones ST167 (n = 8), ST410 (n = 1), and ST617 (n = 1). Phylogenetic analysis showed ST167 E. coli from the river was genotypically related to clinical isolates recovered from patients. Furthermore, ST167 isolates showed high genetic similarities with other clinical strains from geographically distinct regions. The genetic concordance between isolates from different sampling sites in the same river (ST218 clone), and different rivers (ST448 clone) raises concerns regarding the rapid dissemination of NDM-EC in the aquatic environment. The emergence and spread of the clinically relevant NDM-positive strains, especially for E. coli ST167 clone, an international high-risk clone associated with multi-resistance and virulence capacity, within and between the hospital and aquatic environments were elucidated, highlighting the need for attention and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Zou
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jingyi Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yanyu Guan
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tianle Wu
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xinjiao Hou
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Infection Control, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Xuewen Li
- Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Kromann S, Baig S, Olsen RH, Edslev SM, Thøfner I, Bojesen AM, Jensen HE, Stegger M. Dramatic increase in slaughter condemnations due to Escherichia coli ST23 and ST101 within the Danish broiler production. Vet Microbiol 2023; 280:109696. [PMID: 36893553 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli constitutes a major challenge to poultry even when the prevalence of colibacillosis is low. Additionally, specific E. coli strains can severely enhance the detrimental effects on productivity, animal welfare and antimicrobial use. In 2019-2020, a dramatic increase in colibacillosis occurred among Danish broilers causing late-onset mortality and high slaughter condemnations. In the present study, the pathology and causative E. coli-types were characterised. Furthermore, the outbreak-related strains were compared to isolates from concurrent "background" colibacillosis. During the study, 1039 birds were subjected to a comprehensive post-mortem examination, and a total of 349 E. coli isolates were sequenced and characterised by multi-locus sequence typing, virulence and resistance gene presence, plasmid replicon content and phylogenetic analysis. Productivity data from outbreak flocks revealed a mortality of 6.34% ± 3.74 and a condemnation of 5.04% ± 3.67. Contrary, the numbers were 3.18% ± 1.57% and 1.02% ± 0.4 among non-outbreak flocks, respectively. Major lesions were cellulitis (46.82%), airsacculitis (67.63%), pericarditis (55.49%), perihepatitis (41.04%) and femoral head necrosis with physeal/metaphyseal involvement (44.51%). Among non-outbreak broilers, the prevalence was 4.46%, 7.64%, 7.01%, 3.82% and 8.28%, respectively. ST23 and ST101 dominated heavily in outbreak flocks, whereas non-outbreak related isolates consisted of various other STs. A low level of resistance markers was evident, except in few multidrug-resistant isolates. Within ST23 and ST101, 13 and 12 virulence genes were significantly over-represented compared to non-outbreak isolates. In conclusion, clonal lineages were documented as the cause of a devastating outbreak of colibacillosis with great prospects for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Kromann
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; DanHatch Denmark A/S, Rugerivej 26, 9760 Vrå, Denmark.
| | - Sharmin Baig
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Heidemann Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sofie Marie Edslev
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Thøfner
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Anders Miki Bojesen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Elvang Jensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Marc Stegger
- Statens Serum Institut, Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Buberg ML, Wasteson Y, Lindstedt BA, Witsø IL. In vitro digestion of ESC-resistant Escherichia coli from poultry meat and evaluation of human health risk. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1050143. [PMID: 36846779 PMCID: PMC9947789 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1050143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a threat against human and animal health. Third and fourth generation cephalosporins have been defined as critically important antimicrobials by The World Health Organization. Exposure to Extended spectrum cephalosporin-resistant E. coli may result in consumers becoming carriers if these bacteria colonize the human gut or their resistance genes spread to other bacteria in the gut microbiota. In the case that these resistant bacteria at later occasions cause disease, their resistance characteristics may lead to failure of treatment and increased mortality. We hypothesized that ESC-resistant E. coli from poultry can survive digestion and thereby cause infections and/or spread their respective resistance traits within the gastro-intestinal tract. Methods In this study, a selection of 31 ESC-resistant E. coli isolates from retail chicken meat was exposed to a static in vitro digestion model (INFOGEST). Their survival, alteration of colonizing characteristics in addition to conjugational abilities were investigated before and after digestion. Whole genome data from all isolates were screened through a custom-made virulence database of over 1100 genes for virulence- and colonizing factors. Results and discussion All isolates were able to survive digestion. Most of the isolates (24/31) were able to transfer their bla CMY2-containing plasmid to E. coli DH5-á, with a general decline in conjugation frequency of digested isolates compared to non-digested. Overall, the isolates showed a higher degree of cell adhesion than cell invasion, with a slight increase after digestion compared non-digested, except for three isolates that displayed a major increase of invasion. These isolates also harbored genes facilitating invasion. In the virulence-associated gene analysis two isolates were categorized as UPEC, and one isolate was considered a hybrid pathogen. Altogether the pathogenic potential of these isolates is highly dependent on the individual isolate and its characteristics. Poultry meat may represent a reservoir and be a vehicle for dissemination of potential human pathogens and resistance determinants, and the ESC-resistance may complicate treatment in the case of an infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Linn Buberg
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Yngvild Wasteson
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørn Arne Lindstedt
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Ingun Lund Witsø
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway,*Correspondence: Ingun Lund Witsø ✉
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Yehia N, Salem HM, Mahmmod Y, Said D, Samir M, Mawgod SA, Sorour HK, AbdelRahman MAA, Selim S, Saad AM, El-Saadony MT, El-Meihy RM, Abd El-Hack ME, El-Tarabily KA, Zanaty AM. Common viral and bacterial avian respiratory infections: an updated review. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102553. [PMID: 36965253 PMCID: PMC10064437 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many pathogens that cause chronic diseases in birds use the respiratory tract as a primary route of infection, and respiratory disorders are the main leading source of financial losses in the poultry business. Respiratory infections are a serious problem facing the poultry sector, causing severe economic losses. Avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, and avian pneumovirus are particularly serious viral respiratory pathogens. Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Staphylococcus, Bordetella avium, Pasteurella multocida, Riemerella anatipestifer, Chlamydophila psittaci, and Escherichia coli have been identified as the most serious bacterial respiratory pathogens in poultry. This review gives an updated summary, incorporating the latest data, about the evidence for the circulation of widespread, economically important poultry respiratory pathogens, with special reference to possible methods for the control and prevention of these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed Yehia
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Heba M Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mahmmod
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Al Ain 17155, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dalia Said
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Samir
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Sara Abdel Mawgod
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Hend K Sorour
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Mona A A AbdelRahman
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Rasha M El-Meihy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Qaluybia 13736, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; Khalifa Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Ali M Zanaty
- Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
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Helmy YA, Kathayat D, Closs G, Galgozy K, Fuchs JR, Rajashekara G. Efficacy of quorum sensing and growth inhibitors alone and in combination against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli infection in chickens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102543. [PMID: 36863122 PMCID: PMC10011511 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), a causative agent of colibacillosis, is associated with high mortality and morbidity which results in severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. APEC can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of contaminated poultry products. The limited effect of the current vaccines and the advent of drug-resistant strains have necessitated the development of alternative therapies. Previously, we identified 2 small molecules (SMs; [quorum sensing inhibitor; QSI-5] and [growth inhibitor; GI-7]) with high efficacy in vitro and in chickens subcutaneously challenged with APEC O78. Here, we optimized the oral challenge dose of APEC O78 in chickens to mimic the infection in the natural settings, evaluated the efficacy of the GI-7, QSI-5, and combination of GI-7 and QSI-5 (GI7+ QSI-5) in chickens orally infected with APEC, and compared their efficacy to sulfadimethoxine (SDM), an antibiotic currently used to treat APEC. Using the optimized dose of each SM in drinking water, GI-7, QSI-5, GI7+ QSI-5, and SDM were evaluated in chickens challenged with the optimized dose of APEC O78 (1 × 109 CFU/chicken; orally; d 2 of age) and grown on built-up floor litter. Reduction in mortality was 90, 80, 80, and 70% in QSI-5, GI-7+QSI-5, GI-7, and SDM treated groups compared to the positive control (PC), respectively. GI-7, QSI-5, GI-7+QSI-5, and SDM reduced the APEC load in the cecum by 2.2, 2.3, 1.6, and 0.6 logs and in the internal organs by 1.3, 1.2, 1.4, and 0.4 logs compared to PC (P < 0.05), respectively. The cumulative pathological lesions scores were 0.51, 0.24, 0.0, 0.53, and 1.53 in GI-7, QSI-5, GI-7+QSI-5, SDM, and PC groups, respectively. Overall, GI-7 and QSI-5 individually have promising effects as a potential antibiotic-independent approach to control APEC infections in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra A Helmy
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40546 KY, USA
| | - Dipak Kathayat
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Gary Closs
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Katie Galgozy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
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Vázquez-Villanueva J, Vázquez K, Martínez-Vázquez AV, Wong-González A, Hernández-Escareño J, Cabrero-Martínez O, Cruz-Pulido WL, Guerrero A, Rivera G, Bocanegra-García V. Molecular and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates from Bovine Slaughterhouse Process. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020291. [PMID: 36830200 PMCID: PMC9951931 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobials are routinely used in human and veterinary medicine. With repeated exposure, antimicrobials promote antibiotic resistance, which poses a threat to public health. In this study, we aimed to determine the susceptibility patterns, virulence factors, and phylogroups of E. coli isolates during the killing process in a bovine slaughterhouse. We analyzed 336 samples (from water, surfaces, carcasses, and feces), and 83.3% (280/336) were positive for E. coli. The most common phenotypic resistances that we detected were 50.7% (142/280) for tetracycline, 44.2% (124/280) for cephalothin, 34.6% (97/280) for streptomycin, and 36.7% (103/280) for ampicillin. A total of 82.4% of the isolates had resistance for at least one antimicrobial, and 37.5% presented multiresistance. We detected a total of 69 different phenotypic resistance patterns. We detected six other resistance-related genes, the most prevalent being tetA (22.5%) and strB (15.7%). The prevalence values of the virulence genes were 5.4% in hlyA, 1.4% in stx1, and 0.7% in stx2. The frequencies of the pathogenic strains (B2 and D) were 32.8% (92/280) and 67.1% (188/280) as commensals A and B1, respectively. E. coli isolates with pathogenic potential and multiresistance may represent an important source of dissemination and a risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Vázquez-Villanueva
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica of Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo 66050, Mexico
| | - Karina Vázquez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo 66050, Mexico
| | | | - Alfredo Wong-González
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo 66050, Mexico
| | - Jesus Hernández-Escareño
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo 66050, Mexico
| | - Omar Cabrero-Martínez
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica of Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | | | - Abraham Guerrero
- CONACyT Research, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Mazatlán 82112, Mexico
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica of Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Virgilio Bocanegra-García
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica of Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +52-8999243627 (ext. 87755)
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Akenten CW, Ofori LA, Khan NA, Mbwana J, Sarpong N, May J, Thye T, Obiri-Danso K, Paintsil EK, Fosu D, Philipps RO, Eibach D, Krumkamp R, Dekker D. Prevalence, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Domestic Free-Range Poultry in Agogo, Ghana. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2023; 20:59-66. [PMID: 36779941 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2022.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry has been suggested as an important source for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria that can lead to difficult-to treat infections in humans. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency, the genetics, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in domestic free-range poultry in Agogo, Ghana. The study was set up and piloted from January 2019 until June 2019. Between June and December 2019, fecal samples (N = 144) were collected from free-roaming chickens from domestic farms in the regions of Sukuumu, Bontodiase, and Freetown and cultured on ESBL screening agar. Strain identification and antibiotic susceptibility were performed using the VITEK 2 compact system. ESBL-producing E. coli were confirmed using the double disk synergy test. Molecular characterization of ESBL-associated genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M) were performed using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further sequencing of obtained PCR amplicons. The result showed that 56.2% (n/N = 81/144) of collected fecal samples were positive for ESBL-producing E. coli. Majority of the isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (93.8%, n/N = 76/81) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (66.7, n/N = 54/81), whereas resistance to carbapenems was not found. The majority of ESBL-producing E. coli carried the blaCTX-M genes, with blaCTX-M-15 being the dominant (95.1%, n/N = 77/81) genotype. In this study, we report high frequencies of ESBL-producing E. coli in smallholder free-range poultry representing a potential source of infection, highlighting the need for control of antibiotic use and animal hygiene/sanitation measures, both important from a One Health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Aurelia Ofori
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Neyaz Ahmed Khan
- Research Group One Health Bacteriology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joyce Mbwana
- National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Tanga, Tanzania
| | - Nimako Sarpong
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jürgen May
- Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany.,Tropical Medicine II, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Thye
- Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kwasi Obiri-Danso
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Dennis Fosu
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Daniel Eibach
- Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Krumkamp
- Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Denise Dekker
- Research Group One Health Bacteriology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany
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43
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Wang H, Cao L, Logue CM, Barbieri NL, Nolan LK, Lin J. Evaluation of immunogenicity and efficacy of the enterobactin conjugate vaccine in protecting chickens from colibacillosis. Vaccine 2023; 41:930-937. [PMID: 36585279 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Colibacillosis is one of the most common and economically devastating infectious diseases in poultry production worldwide. Innovative universal vaccines are urgently needed to protect chickens from the infections caused by genetically diverse avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Enterobactin (Ent) is a highly conserved siderophore required for E. coli iron acquisition and pathogenesis. The Ent-specific antibodies induced by a novel Ent conjugate vaccine significantly inhibited the in vitro growth of diverse APEC strains. In this study, White Leghorn chickens were immunized with the Ent conjugate vaccine using a crossed design with two variables, vaccination (with or without) and APEC challenge (O1, O78, or PBS control), resulting in six study groups (9 to 10 birds/group). The chickens were subcutaneously injected with the vaccine (100 μg per bird) at 7 days of age, followed by booster immunization at 21 days of age. The chickens were intratracheally challenged with an APEC strain (108 CFU/bird) or PBS at 28 days of age. At 5 days post infection, all chickens were euthanized to examine lesions and APEC colonization of the major organs. Immunization of chickens with the Ent vaccine elicited a strong immune response with a 64-fold increase in the level of Ent-specific IgY in serum. The hypervirulent strain O78 caused extensive lesions in lung, air sac, heart, liver, and spleen with significantly reduced lesion scores observed in the vaccinated chickens. Interestingly, the vaccination did not significantly reduce APEC levels in the examined organs. The APEC O1 with low virulence only caused sporadic lesions in the organs in both vaccination and control groups. The Ent conjugate vaccine altered the bacterial community of the ileum and cecum. Taken together, the findings from this study showed the Ent conjugate vaccine could trigger a strong specific immune response and was promising to confer protection against APEC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Wang
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Liu Cao
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Catherine M Logue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Lisa K Nolan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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44
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Ma K, Wang H, Lv Z, Hu Y, Wang H, Shu F, Zhu C, Xue T. The Two-Component System CpxRA Affects Antibiotic Susceptibility and Biofilm Formation in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030383. [PMID: 36766272 PMCID: PMC9913434 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is one of the common extraintestinal infectious disease pathogens in chickens, geese, and other birds. It can cause a variety of infections, and even the death of poultry, causing enormous economic losses. However, the misuse and abuse of antibiotics in the poultry industry have led to the development of drug resistance in the gut microbes, posing a challenge for the treatment of APEC infections. It has been reported that the CpxRA two-component system has an effect on bacterial drug resistance, but the specific regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the regulatory mechanism of CpxRA on APEC biofilm formation and EmrKY efflux pump was investigated. The cpxRA knockout strain of E. coli APEC40 was constructed, and the molecular regulatory mechanism of CpxR on biofilms and efflux pump-coding genes were identified by biofilm formation assays, drug susceptibility test, real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results indicated that CpxR can directly bind to the promoter region of emrKY and negatively regulate the sensitivity of bacteria to ofloxacin and erythromycin. These results confirm the important regulatory role of the CpxRA two-component system under antibiotic stress in APEC.
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45
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Feng A, Akter S, Leigh SA, Wang H, Pharr GT, Evans J, Branton SL, Landinez MP, Pace L, Wan XF. Genomic diversity, pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry in the southern United States. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:15. [PMID: 36647025 PMCID: PMC9841705 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) are typically present as commensal bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract of most animals including poultry species, but some avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) strains can cause localized and even systematic infections in domestic poultry. Emergence and re-emergence of antimicrobial resistant isolates (AMR) constrain antibiotics usage in poultry production, and development of an effective vaccination program remains one of the primary options in E. coli disease prevention and control for domestic poultry. Thus, understanding genetic and pathogenic diversity of the enzootic E. coli isolates, particularly APEC, in poultry farms is the key to designing an optimal vaccine candidate and to developing an effective vaccination program. This study explored the genomic and pathogenic diversity among E. coli isolates in southern United States poultry. A total of nine isolates were recovered from sick broilers from Mississippi, and one from Georgia, with epidemiological variations among clinical signs, type of housing, and bird age. The genomes of these isolates were sequenced by using both Illumina short-reads and Oxford Nanopore long-reads, and our comparative analyses suggested data from both platforms were highly consistent. The 16 s rRNA based phylogenetic analyses showed that the 10 bacteria strains are genetically closer to each other than those in the public database. However, whole genome analyses showed that these 10 isolates encoded a diverse set of reported virulence and AMR genes, belonging to at least nine O:H serotypes, and are genetically clustered with at least five different groups of E. coli isolates reported by other states in the United States. Despite the small sample size, this study suggested that there was a large extent of genomic and serological diversity among E. coli isolates in southern United States poultry. A large-scale comprehensive study is needed to understand the overall genomic diversity and the associated virulence, and such a study will be important to develop a broadly protective E. coli vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijing Feng
- grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO USA ,grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA ,grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Sadia Akter
- grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO USA ,grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA ,grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
| | - Spencer A. Leigh
- Poultry Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Mississippi State, MS USA
| | - Hui Wang
- grid.260120.70000 0001 0816 8287Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS USA
| | - G. Todd Pharr
- grid.260120.70000 0001 0816 8287Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS USA
| | - Jeff Evans
- Poultry Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Mississippi State, MS USA
| | - Scott L. Branton
- Poultry Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Mississippi State, MS USA
| | - Martha Pulido Landinez
- grid.260120.70000 0001 0816 8287Poultry Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Pearl, MS USA
| | - Lanny Pace
- grid.260120.70000 0001 0816 8287Mississippi Veterinary Research and Diagnostic Laboratory System, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Pearl, MS USA
| | - Xiu-Feng Wan
- grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO USA ,grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA ,grid.134936.a0000 0001 2162 3504Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
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46
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Yang C, Diarra MS, Attiq Rehman M, Li L, Yu H, Yin X, Aslam M, Carrillo CD, Yang C, Gong J. Virulence potential of antimicrobial-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from retail poultry meat in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100008. [PMID: 36916583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Healthy poultry can be a reservoir for extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC), some of which could be multidrug resistant to antimicrobials. These ExPEC strains could contaminate the environment and/or food chain representing thus, food safety and human health risk. However, few studies have shown the virulence of poultry-source antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) ExPEC in humans. This study characterized AMR ExPEC and investigated the virulence potential of some of their isolates in a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model. A total of 46 E. coli isolates from poultry (chicken, n = 29; turkey, n = 12) retail meats and chicken feces (n = 4), or humans (n = 1) were sequenced and identified as ExPEC. Except eight, all remaining 38 ExPEC isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and carried corresponding antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). About 27 of the 46 ExPEC isolates were multidrug-resistant (≥3 antibiotic classes). Seven ExPEC isolates from chicken or turkey meats were of serotype O25:H4 and sequence type (ST) 131 which clustered with an isolate from a human urinary tract infection (UTI) case having the same serotype and ST. The C. elegans challenge model using eight of studied ExPEC isolates harboring various ARGs and virulence genes (VGs) showed that regardless of their ARG or VG numbers in tested poultry meat and feces, ExPEC significantly reduced the life span of the nematode (P < 0.05) similarly to a human UTI isolate. This study indicated the pathogenic potential of AMR ExPEC from retail poultry meat or feces, but more studies are warranted to establish their virulence in poultry and human. Furthermore, relationships between specific resistance profiles and/or VGs in these E. coli isolates for their pathogenicity deserve investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongwu Yang
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9; Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Moussa S Diarra
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9.
| | - Muhammad Attiq Rehman
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9
| | - Linyan Li
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hai Yu
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9
| | - Xianhua Yin
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9
| | - Mueen Aslam
- Lacombe Research Centre, AAFC, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L1W1
| | - Catherine D Carrillo
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Ottawa Laboratory (Carling), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1Y 4K7
| | - Chengbo Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Joshua Gong
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9.
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Hu J, Afayibo DJA, Zhang B, Zhu H, Yao L, Guo W, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang D, Peng H, Tian M, Qi J, Wang S. Characteristics, pathogenic mechanism, zoonotic potential, drug resistance, and prevention of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1049391. [PMID: 36583051 PMCID: PMC9793750 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1049391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although most Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains are commensal and abundant, certain pathogenic strains cause severe diseases from gastroenteritis to extraintestinal infections. Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) contains newborn meningitis E. coli (NMEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), and septicemic E. coli (SEPEC) based on their original host and clinical symptom. APEC is a heterogeneous group derived from human ExPEC. APEC causes severe respiratory and systemic diseases in a variety of avians, threatening the poultry industries, food security, and avian welfare worldwide. APEC has many serotypes, and it is a widespread pathogenic bacterium in poultry. In addition, ExPEC strains share significant genetic similarities and similar pathogenic mechanisms, indicating that APEC potentially serves as a reservoir of virulence and resistance genes for human ExPEC, and the virulence and resistance genes can be transferred to humans through food animals. Due to economic losses, drug resistance, and zoonotic potential, APEC has attracted heightened awareness. Various virulence factors and resistance genes involved in APEC pathogenesis and drug resistance have been identified. Here, we review the characteristics, epidemiology, pathogenic mechanism zoonotic potential, and drug resistance of APEC, and summarize the current status of diagnosis, alternative control measures, and vaccine development, which may help to have a better understanding of the pathogenesis and resistance of APEC, thereby reducing economic losses and preventing the spread of multidrug-resistant APEC to humans.
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48
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In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 Against Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Identification of Novel Probiotic-Derived Bioactive Peptides. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:1012-1028. [PMID: 34458959 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), an extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), causes colibacillosis in poultry and is also a potential foodborne zoonotic pathogen. Currently, APEC infections in poultry are controlled by antibiotic medication; however, the emergence of multi-drug-resistant APEC strains and increased restrictions on the use of antibiotics in food-producing animals necessitate the development of new antibiotic alternative therapies. Here, we tested the anti-APEC activity of multiple commensal and probiotic bacteria in an agar-well diffusion assay and identified Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 producing strong zone of inhibition against APEC. In co-culture assay, L. rhamnosus GG and B. lactis Bb12 completely inhibited the APEC growth by 24 h. Further investigation revealed that antibacterial product(s) in the culture supernatants of L. rhamnosus GG and B. lactis Bb12 were responsible for the anti-APEC activity. The analysis of culture supernatants using LC-MS/MS identified multiple novel bioactive peptides (VQAAQAGDTKPIEV, AFDNTDTSLDSTFKSA, VTDTSGKAGTTKISNV, and AESSDTNLVNAKAA) in addition to the production of lactic acid. The oral administration (108 CFU/chicken) of L. rhamnosus GG significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the colonization (~ 1.6 logs) of APEC in the cecum of chickens. Cecal microbiota analysis revealed that L. rhamnosus GG moderated the APEC-induced alterations of the microbial community in the cecum of chickens. Further, L. rhamnosus GG decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of phylum Proteobacteria, particularly those belonging to Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia-Shigella) family. These studies indicate that L. rhamnosus GG is a promising probiotic to control APEC infections in chickens. Further studies are needed to optimize the delivery of L. rhamnosus GG in feed or water and in conditions simulating the field to facilitate its development for commercial applications.
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49
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Kang HJ, Lim SK, Lee YJ. Genetic characterization of third- or fourth-generation cephalosporin-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from broilers. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1055320. [PMID: 36504870 PMCID: PMC9732669 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1055320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins (3GC or 4 GC) are classified as "critically important antimicrobials for human medicine" by WHO, but resistance to these drugs is increasing rapidly in avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). This study investigated the distribution and genetic characteristics of 3GC- or 4 GC-resistant APEC isolates from five major integrated broiler operations in Korea. The prevalence of 3GC- or 4GC-resistant APEC isolates in 1-week-old broilers was the highest in farms of operation C (53.3%); however, the highest prevalence of these isolates in 4-week-old broilers was the highest on the farms of operation A (60.0%), followed by operations E (50.0%) and C (35.7%). All 49 3GC- or 4GC-resistant APEC isolates had at least one β-lactamase-encoding gene. The most common β-lactamase-encoding genes was extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene, bla CTX-M-15, detected in 24 isolates (49.0%), followed by bla TEM-1 (32.7%). Sixteen isolates (32.7%) harbored class 1 integrons, and four isolates (8.2%) showed different gene cassette-arrangements. However, only 1 of 26 isolates harboring class 2 integrons carried a gene cassette. Furthermore, both CRISPR 1 and 2 arrays were detected in most isolates (36 isolates; 73.5%), followed by CRISPR 2 (18.4%) and CRISPR 1 (4.1%). Interestingly, CRISPR 2 was significantly more prevalent in multidrug resistant (MDR)-APEC isolates than in non-MDR APEC isolates, whereas CRISPR 3 and 4 were significantly more prevalent in non-MDR APEC isolates (each 11.1%; p < 0.05). None of the protospacers of CRISPR arrays were directly associated with antimicrobial resistance. Our findings indicate that the distribution and characteristics of 3GC or 4GC-resistant APEC isolates differed among the integrated broiler operations; moreover, improved management protocols are needed to control the horizontal transmission of 3GC or 4GC-resistant APEC isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea,*Correspondence: Suk-Kyung Lim
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea,Young Ju Lee
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50
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Aditya A, Rahaman SO, Biswas D. Impact of Lactobacillus-originated metabolites on enterohemorrhagic E. coli in rumen fluid. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6795928. [PMID: 36331030 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Rumen is one of the richest microbial ecosystems naturally harboring many zoonotic pathogens. Controlling the colonization of cattle originated zoonotic pathogens in rumen, particularly enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), is critical in reducing foodborne enteric diseases in humans. In this study, we aimed to inhibit the growth of EHEC in a simulated rumen system with collected rumen fluids (RFs) using live probiotics, synbiotics, and their metabolites. EHEC inoculated RF was treated with live wild type Lactobacillus casei (LCwt), LCwt with 0.5% peanut flour (LCwt+PF), an engineered LC capable of overexpressing linoleate isomerase (LCCLA), and their metabolites collected in cell-free culture supernatants (CFCSwt, CFCSwt+PF, and CFCSCLA) at various time points. A growth stimulatory effect toward Lactobacillus spp. was exerted by all CFCS, while the EHEC was suppressed. Among other treatments only LCwt+PF reduced EHEC by 2.68 logs after 72 h. This observation was also supported by metataxonomic analysis. A reduction in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria while increase in Firmicutes was observed at 48 h by the presence of CFCSs as compared to the control. Our observation implies probiotic-originated metabolites modulate rumen microbiota positively which can be deployed to control the transmission of cattle-borne pathogens specifically EHEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Aditya
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Shaik O Rahaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.,Biological Sciences Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.,Centre for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
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