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Shao W, Pan B, Li Z, Peng R, Yang W, Xie Y, Han D, Fang X, Li J, Zhu Y, Zhao Z, Kan H, Ying Z, Xu Y. Gut microbiota mediates ambient PM 2.5 exposure-induced abnormal glucose metabolism via short-chain fatty acids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135096. [PMID: 38996677 PMCID: PMC11342392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
PM2.5 exposure has been found to cause gut dysbiosis and impair glucose homeostasis in human and animals, yet their underlying biological connection remain unclear. In the present study, we aim to investigate the biological significance of gut microbiota in PM2.5-induced glucose metabolic abnormalities. Our results showed that microbiota depletion by antibiotics treatment significantly alleviated PM2.5-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, as indicated by the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, glucose-induced insulin secretion, insulin tolerance test, insulin-induced phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK-3β in insulin sensitive tissues. In addition, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from PM2.5-exposed donor mice successfully remodeled the glucose metabolism abnormalities in recipient mice, while the transplantation of autoclaved faecal materials did not. Faecal microbiota analysis demonstrated that the composition and alpha diversity of the gut bacterial community were altered by PM2.5 exposure and in FMT recipient mice. Furthermore, short-chain fatty acids levels analysis showed that the circulating acetate was significantly decreased in PM2.5-exposed donor and FMT recipient mice, and supplementation of sodium acetate for 3 months successfully improved the glucose metabolism abnormalities induced by PM2.5 exposure. These results indicate that manipulating gut microbiota or its metabolites could be a potential strategy for preventing the adverse health effects of ambient PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpu Shao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhouzhou Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Renzhen Peng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuanting Xie
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dongyang Han
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinyi Fang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yaning Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian NO.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China.
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhekang Ying
- Department of Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yuan M, Chang L, Gao P, Li J, Lu X, Hua M, Li X, Liu X, Lan Y. Synbiotics containing sea buckthorn polysaccharides ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in mice via regulating Th17/Treg homeostasis through intestinal microbiota and their production of BA metabolites and SCFAs. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276:133794. [PMID: 38992530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic condition whose incidence has been rising globally. Synbiotic (SYN) is an effective means of preventing IBD. This study investigated the preventive effects and potential biological mechanisms of SYN (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and sea buckthorn polysaccharides) on DSS-induced colitis in mice. The results indicated that dietary supplementation with SYN has a significant improvement effect on DSS mice. SYN ameliorated disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and intestinal barrier permeability in mice. In addition, RT-qPCR results indicated that after SYN intervention, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17F) and transcription factor RORγt secreted by Th17 cells were significantly reduced, and the expression levels of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and TGF-β) and transcription factor Foxp3 secreted by Treg cells were robustly increased. 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that key intestinal microbiota related to Th17/Treg balance (Ligilactobacillus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia) was significantly enriched. At the same time, a significant increase in microbial metabolites SCFAs and BAs was observed. We speculate that SYN may regulate the Th17/Treg balance by restructuring the structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, thereby mitigating DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyou Yuan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lili Chang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinyuan Lu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingfang Hua
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiulian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ying Lan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Zhao M, Lu C, Hu X, Ma Z. Evolution of multi-scale structure and microbiota metabolism of lentil resistant starch during the dynamic fermentation in vitro. Food Chem 2024; 461:140914. [PMID: 39181050 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the structural changes of resistant starch (RS) derived from autoclaved lentil starch (ALRS) and untreated lentil starch (ULRS) during in vitro colonic fermentation, as well as their regulatory effects on the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Following in vitro fermentation, both RS samples exhibited a progressive decrease in molecular weight and a gradual increase in double helix/order. Bifidobacterium was more abundant in ULRS during the initial period of fermentation, while ALRS showed higher abundance in the later stage. ALRS demonstrated greater production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compared to ULRS, likely attributed to its higher structural order and faster fermentation pattern. The distinct surface morphologies of ULRS and ALRS played a crucial role in determining the accessibility of RS substrates for microbial fermentation. These different structural patterns also influenced the shifts in microbial composition in fecal cultures, leading to variations in SCFAs production through anaerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengliu Zhao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinzhong Hu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, China.
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Li W, Tang H, Xue K, Ying T, Wu M, Qu Z, Dong C, Jin T, Brunius C, Hallmans G, Åman P, Johansson A, Landberg R, Liu Y, He G. Personalized Microbial Fingerprint Associated with Differential Glycemic Effects of a Whole Grain Rye Intervention on Chinese Adults. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400274. [PMID: 39091068 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aims to identify the gut enterotypes that explain differential responses to intervention with whole grain rye by proposing an "enterotype - metabolic" model. METHODS AND RESULTS A 12-week randomized controlled trial is conducted in Chinese adults, with 79 subjects consuming whole grain products with fermented rye bran (FRB) and 77 consuming refined wheat products in this exploratory post-hoc analysis. Responders or non-responders are identified according to whether blood glucose decreased by more than 10% after rye intervention. Compared to non-responders, responders in FRB have higher baseline Bacteroides (p < 0.001), associated with reduced blood glucose (p < 0.001), increased Faecalibacterium (p = 0.020) and Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG.003 (p = 0.022), as well as deceased 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (p = 0.033) after intervention. The differentiated gut microbiota and metabolites between responders and non-responders after intervention are enriched in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. CONCLUSION The work confirms the previously suggested importance of microbial enterotypes in differential responses to whole grain interventions and supports taking enterotypes into consideration for improved efficacy of whole grain intervention for preventing type 2 diabetes. Altered short-chain fatty acids and bile acid metabolism might be a potential mediator for the beneficial effects of whole grain rye on glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyun Li
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Metabonomics and Systems Biology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kun Xue
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Ying
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Chenglin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Taiyi Jin
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Per Åman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Kamath S, Hunter A, Collins K, Wignall A, Joyce P. The atypical antipsychotics lurasidone and olanzapine exert contrasting effects on the gut microbiome and metabolic function of rats. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 39075330 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Antipsychotics such as olanzapine are associated with significant metabolic dysfunction, attributed to gut microbiome dysbiosis. A recent notion that most psychotropics are detrimental to the gut microbiome has arisen from consistent findings of metabolic adverse effects. However, unlike olanzapine, the metabolic effects of lurasidone are conflicting. Thus, this study investigates the contrasting effects of olanzapine and lurasidone on the gut microbiome to explore the hypothesis of 'gut neutrality' for lurasidone exposure. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using Sprague-Dawley rats, the effects of olanzapine and lurasidone on the gut microbiome were explored. Faecal and blood samples were collected weekly over a 21-day period to analyse changes to the gut microbiome and related metabolic markers. KEY RESULTS Lurasidone triggered no significant weight gain or metabolic alterations, instead positively modulating the gut microbiome through increases in mean operational taxonomical units (OTUs) and alpha diversity. This novel finding suggests an underlying mechanism for lurasidone's metabolic inertia. In contrast, olanzapine triggered a statistically significant decrease in mean OTUs, substantial compositional variation and a depletion in short-chain fatty acid abundance. Microbiome depletion correlated with metabolic dysfunction, producing a 30% increase in weight gain, increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and increased blood glycaemic and triglyceride levels. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our results challenge the notion that all antipsychotics disrupt the gut microbiome similarly and highlights the potential benefits of gut-neutral antipsychotics, such as lurasidone, in managing metabolic side effects. Further research is warranted to validate these findings in humans to guide personalised pharmacological treatment regimens for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Kamath
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander Hunter
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Collins
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Wignall
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul Joyce
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation (CPI), UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Ma WW, Huang ZQ, Liu K, Li DZ, Mo TL, Liu Q. The role of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in intestinal inflammation. Microbiol Res 2024; 288:127838. [PMID: 39153466 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
With the imbalance of intestinal microbiota, the body will then face an inflammatory response, which has serious implications for human health. Bodily allergies, injury or pathogens infections can trigger or promote inflammation and alter the intestinal environment. Meanwhile, excessive changes in the intestinal environment cause the imbalance of microbial homeostasis, which leads to the proliferation and colonization of opportunistic pathogens, invasion of the body's immune system, and the intensification of inflammation. Some natural compounds and gut microbiota and metabolites can reduce inflammation; however, the details of how they interact with the gut immune system and reduce the gut inflammatory response still need to be fully understood. The review focuses on inflammation and intestinal microbiota imbalance caused by pathogens. The body reacts differently to different types of pathogenic bacteria, and the ingestion of pathogens leads to inflamed gastrointestinal tract disorders or intestinal inflammation. In this paper, unraveling the interactions between the inflammation, pathogenic bacteria, and intestinal microbiota based on inflammation caused by several common pathogens. Finally, we summarize the effects of intestinal metabolites and natural anti-inflammatory substances on inflammation to provide help for related research of intestinal inflammation caused by pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Ma
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - De-Zhi Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Tian-Lu Mo
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
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Song Y, Hu J, Li C, Lian J. Association between gut microbiota and malignant cardiac tumors: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7455. [PMID: 38953300 PMCID: PMC11217809 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies provide compelling evidence linking the gut microbiota to most cancers. Nevertheless, further research is required to establish a definitive causal relationship between the gut microbiota and malignant cardiac tumors. METHODS The genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data on the human gut Microbiota, included in the IEU Open GWAS project, was initially collected by the MiBioGen consortium. It encompasses 14,306 individuals and comprises a total of 5,665,279 SNPs. Similarly, the GWAS data on malignant cardiac tumors, also sourced from the IEU Open GWAS project, was initially stored in the finnGen database, including 16,380,303 SNPs observed within a cohort of 174,108 individuals within the European population. Utilizing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology, we examined whether there exists a causal association between the gut microbiota and cardiac tumors. Additionally, to bolster the credibility and robustness of the identified causal relationships, we conducted an extensive array of sensitivity analyses, encompassing Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO tests, MR-Egger interpret test, directionality test and leave-one-out analysis. RESULTS Our analysis unveiled seven distinct causal associations between genetic susceptibility in the gut microbiota and the incidence of malignant cardiac tumors. Among these, the Family Rikenellaceae, genus Eubacterium brachy group, and genus Ruminococcaceae UCG009 exhibited an elevated risk of cardiac tumors, while the phylum Verrucomicrobia, genus Lactobacillus, genus Ruminiclostridium5, and an unknown genus id.1868 were genetically linked to a reduced risk of cardiac tumors. The causal relationship between these two bacteria, belonging to the phylum Verrucomicrobia (OR = 0.178, 95% CI: 0.052-0.614, p = 0.006) and the genus Ruminococcaceae UCG009 (OR = 3.071, 95% CI: 1.236-7.627, p = 0.016), and cardiac tumors was further validated through sensitivity analyses, reinforcing the robustness and reliability of the observed associations. CONCLUSION Our MR analysis confirms that the phylum Verrucomicrobia displays significant protection against cardiac tumor, and the genus Ruminococcaceae UCG009 leads to an increasing risk of cardiac tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and EngineeringNingbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityZhejiangChina
- Department of CardiologyNingbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Jiale Hu
- Department of CardiologyNingbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Chongrong Li
- Department of CardiologyNingbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and EngineeringNingbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityZhejiangChina
- Department of CardiologyNingbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityZhejiangChina
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Zhu Y, Lu S, Cidan Y, Wang H, Li K, Basang W. Comparative analysis of intestinal microbiota composition between free-ranged captive yak populations in Nimu County. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1420389. [PMID: 38983117 PMCID: PMC11231391 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1420389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota assumes a pivotal role in modulating host metabolism, immune responses, overall health, and additional physiological dimensions. The structural and functional characteristics of the intestinal microbiota may cause alterations within the host's body to a certain extent. The composition of the gut microbiota is associated with environmental factors, dietary habits, and other pertinent conditions. The investigation into the gut microbiota of yaks remained relatively underexplored. An examination of yak gut microbiota holds promise in elucidating the complex relationship between microbial communities and the adaptive responses of the host to its environment. In this study, yak were selected from two distinct environmental conditions: those raised in sheds (NS, n=6) and grazed in Nimu County (NF, n=6). Fecal samples were collected from the yaks and subsequently processed for analysis through 16S rDNA and ITS sequencing methodologies. The results revealed that different feeding styles result in significant differences in the Alpha diversity of fungi in the gut of yaks, while the gut microbiota of captive yaks was relatively conserved. In addition, significant differences appeared in the abundance of microorganisms in different taxa, phylum Verrucomicrobiota was significantly enriched in group NF while Firmicutes was higher in group NS. At the genus level, Akkermansia, Paenibacillus, Roseburia, Dorea, UCG_012, Anaerovorax and Marvinbryantia were enriched in group NF while Desemzia, Olsenella, Kocuria, Ornithinimicrobium and Parvibacter were higher in group NS (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was a significant difference in the function of gut microbiota between the two groups. The observed variations are likely influenced by differences in feeding methods and environmental conditions both inside and outside the pen. The findings of this investigation offer prospective insights into enhancing the yak breeding and expansion of the yak industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Linzhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Lhasa, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangji Cidan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Hongzhuang Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangdui Basang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
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Ma R, Shi G, Li Y, Shi H. Trimethylamine N-oxide, choline and its metabolites are associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1915-1923. [PMID: 38443197 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
It is inconclusive whether trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and choline and related metabolites, namely trimethylamine (TMA), l-carnitine, betaine and dimethylglycine (DMG), are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our objective was to investigate these potential associations. Additionally, we sought to determine the mediating role of TMAO. In this 1:1 age- and sex-matched case-control study, a total of 150 pairs comprising NAFLD cases and healthy controls were identified. According to the fully adjusted model, after the highest tertile was compared with the lowest tertile, the plasma TMAO concentration (OR = 2·02 (95 % CI 1·04, 3·92); P trend = 0·003), l-carnitine concentration (OR = 1·79 (1·01, 3·17); P trend = 0·020) and DMG concentration (OR = 1·81 (1·00, 3·28); P trend = 0·014) were significantly positively associated with NAFLD incidence. However, a significantly negative association was found for plasma betaine (OR = 0. 50 (0·28, 0·88); P trend = 0·001). The restricted cubic splines model consistently indicated positive dose-response relationships between exposure to TMAO, l-carnitine, and DMG and NAFLD risk, with a negative association being observed for betaine. The corresponding AUC increased significantly from 0·685 (0·626, 0·745) in the traditional risk factor model to 0·769 (0·716, 0·822) when TMAO and its precursors were included (l-carnitine, betaine and choline) (P = 0·032). Mediation analyses revealed that 14·7 and 18·6 % of the excess NAFLD risk associated with l-carnitine and DMG, respectively, was mediated by TMAO (the P values for the mediating effects were 0·021 and 0·036, respectively). These results suggest that a higher concentration of TMAO is associated with increased NAFLD risk among Chinese adults and provide evidence of the possible mediating role of TMAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangying Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Xinjiang Corps Hospital, Xinjiang832104, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu610500, People's Republic of China
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10
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Cen J, Chen K, Ni Z, Dai Q, Lu W, Tao H, Peng L. No causal relationship between glucose and inflammatory bowel disease: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:159. [PMID: 38867275 PMCID: PMC11167808 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association between glucose and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was found in previous observational studies and in cohort studies. However, it is not clear whether these associations reflect causality. Thus, this study investigated whether there is such a causal relation between elevated glucose and IBD, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS We performed a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) with the independent genetic instruments identified from the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) for IBD (5,673 cases; 213,119 controls) and its main subtypes, CD and UC. Summarized data for glucose which included 200,622 cases and glycemic traits including HbA1c and type 2 diabetes(T2DM) were obtained from different GWAS studies. Primary and secondary analyses were conducted by preferentially using the radial inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach. A number of other meta-analysis approach and sensitivity analyses were carried out to assess the robustness of the results. RESULTS We did not find a causal effect of genetically predicted glucose on IBD as a whole (OR 0.858; 95% CI 0.649-1.135; P = 0.286). In subtype analyses glucose was also suggestively not associated with Crohn's disease (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.04-1.00; P = 0.05) and ulcerative colitis (OR 0.940; 95% CI 0.628-1.407; P = 0.762). In the other direction, IBD and its subtypes were not related to glucose and glycemic traits. CONCLUSIONS This MR study is not providing any evidence for a causal relationship between genetically predicted elevated glucose and IBD as well as it's subtypes UC and CD. Regarding the other direction, no causal associations could be found. Future studies with robust genetic instruments are needed to confirm this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiePeng Cen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Kequan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ziyan Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - QiJie Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Weipeng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Heqing Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, P.R. China.
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11
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Jiang R, Cong Z, Zheng L, Zhang L, Guan Q, Wang S, Fang J, Chen J, Liu M. Global research trends in regulating gut microbiome to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus: bibliometrics and visual analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1401070. [PMID: 38887274 PMCID: PMC11181692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1401070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiome (GM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have two-way effects. Improving T2DM by modulating GM in various ways, such as diet, exercise, and medication, is gradually becoming popular, and related studies have yielded positive results. However, there is still a lack of high-quality bibliometric analyses of research in this area. This study aims to systematize and comprehensively summarize the knowledge structure, research tropics, and research trends of GM and T2DM through bibliometric analysis. Methods Publications related to GM and T2DM before January 9, 2024, in the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) were searched in this study. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to analyze publishing trends and CiteSpace (v.6.1.R6 Advanced) was used to analyze institutions, cited journals, references, and keywords.SCImago Graphica (v.1.0.39) was used to analyze countries/regions, institutions' collaborations, cited authors, and published journals. Results We finally included 1004 articles published from 2008 to 2023. The number of published articles showed an upward trend and reached its peak in 2022. China is the country with the largest number of articles, Univ Copenhagen is the institution with the largest number of articles, Fukui, Michiaki, Hamaguchi, Masahide are the scholars with the largest number of articles, and Cani and Patrice D. are the scholars with the largest number of citations. NUTRIENTS(Q1/5.9) published the most publications, while Nature (Q1/64.8; Cited 804 times) is the most frequently cited journal. Gut microbiota, Obesity, and insulin resistance are the most frequently used keywords. This study found that current researches focus on the effects of diet, exercise, and pharmacological modification of GM to improve T2DM and explores specific mechanisms. Future researches will focus on three areas: complications of T2DM and specific physiological processes, methods and measures to regulate GM, and new experimental techniques and assays. Conclusion The current researches confirmed the effects and specific mechanisms of modulating GM to improve T2DM. Further exploration of the effects of modulating GM on T2DM complications and specific physiologic processes is a future trend of research. Exploring specific methods for regulating GM and developing new experimental techniques and assays are important for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Jiang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengri Cong
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Likun Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Long Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qifan Guan
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Sixian Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jinxu Fang
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- College of Medical Information, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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12
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Chen Y, Yu H, Xue F, Bai J, Guo L, Peng Z. 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals altered gut microbiota in young adults with schizophrenia and prominent negative symptoms. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3579. [PMID: 38841824 PMCID: PMC11154826 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut dysbiosis has been established as a characteristic of schizophrenia (SCH). However, the signatures regarding SCH patients with prominent negative symptoms (SCH-N) in young adults have been poorly elucidated. METHODS Stool samples were obtained from 30 young adults with SCH-N, 32 SCH patients with prominent positive symptoms (SCH-P) along with 36 healthy controls (HCs). Microbial diversity and composition were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Meanwhile, psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). RESULTS There is a significant difference in β-diversity but not α-diversity indexes among the three groups. Moreover, we found a higher abundance of Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria phyla and a lower abundance of Firmicutes phyla in SCH-N when compared with HC. Besides, we identified a diagnostic potential panel comprising six genera (Coprococcus, Monoglobus, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Escherichia-Shigella, Dorea, and Butyricicoccus) that can distinguish SCH-N from HC (area under the curve = 0.939). However, the difference in microbial composition between the SCH-N and SCH-P is much less than that between SCH-N and the HC, and SCH-N and SCH-P cannot be effectively distinguished by gut microbiota. CONCLUSION The composition of gut microbiota was changed in the patients with SCH-N, which may help in further understanding of pathogenesis in young adults with SCH-N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Huan Chen
- Department of PsychiatryXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of PsychiatryXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Fen Xue
- Department of PsychiatryXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of PsychiatryXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of PsychiatryGaoxin HospitalXi'anChina
| | - Li Guo
- Department of PsychiatryXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zheng‐Wu Peng
- Department of PsychiatryXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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13
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Hou J, Zhang L, Xu W, Liu Z, Yu J, Yu R, Chen L. Glycometabolic disorder induced by chronic exposure to low-concentration imidacloprid in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 937:173421. [PMID: 38788955 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The health risks induced by chronic exposure to low concentrations of imidacloprid (IMI) to zebrafish were investigated in this study. The results indicated that the growth of zebrafish was inhibited after being exposed to 10, 100, and 500 μg/L of IMI for 90 days. Moreover, the blood glucose levels in the IMI-exposed groups were significantly higher compared to the control group. Investigation into the development of zebrafish larvae revealed that IMI exposure hindered the development of the liver and pancreatic islets, organs crucial for glucose metabolism. In addition, the IMI-exposed groups exhibited reduced liver glycogen and plasma insulin levels, along with changes in the activity of enzymes and the transcription levels of genes associated with liver glucose metabolism. These findings suggest that IMI induces glycometabolic disorders in zebrafish. The analysis of intestinal flora revealed that several key bacteria associated with an elevated risk of diabetes were significantly altered in IMI-exposed fish. Specifically, a remarkable decrease was found in the abundance of the genera Aeromonas and Shewanella, which have been found closely related to the development of pancreatic islets. This implies that the alteration of key bacteria in the fish gut by IMI, which in turn affects the development of organs such as the pancreatic islets, may be the initial trigger for abnormalities in glucose metabolism. Our results revealed that chronic exposure to low concentrations of IMI led to glycometabolic disorder in fish. Therefore, considering the pervasive existence of IMI residues in the environment, the health hazards posed by low-concentration IMI to fish cannot be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Univ, Coll Food & Pharmaceut Sci, Ningbo 315832, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Univ Technol, Catalyt Hydrogenat Res Ctr, Zhejiang Green Pesticide Collaborat Innovat Ctr, Zhejiang Key Lab Green Pesticides & Cleaner Prod, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Univ, Coll Food & Pharmaceut Sci, Ningbo 315832, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianzhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruixian Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liezhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Yan S, Chen L, Li N, Wei X, Wang J, Dong W, Wang Y, Shi J, Ding X, Peng Y. Effect of Akkermansia muciniphila on pancreatic islet β-cell function in rats with prediabetes mellitus induced by a high-fat diet. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:51. [PMID: 38763955 PMCID: PMC11102893 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is an important stage in the development of diabetes. It is necessary to find a safe, effective and sustainable way to delay and reverse the progression of prediabetes. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is one of the key bacteria associated with glucose metabolism. Recent studies mainly focus on the effect of A. muciniphila on obesity and insulin resistance, but there is no research on the effect of A. muciniphila on pancreatic β-cell function and its mechanism in prediabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of A. muciniphila on β-cell function, apoptosis and differentiation, as well as its effects on the gut microbiome, intestinal barrier, metaflammation and the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced prediabetic rat model. The effect of A. muciniphila was compared with dietary intervention. The results showed both A. muciniphila treatment and dietary intervention can reduce metaflammation by repairing the intestinal barrier in rats with prediabetes induced by an HFD and improve β-cell secretory function, apoptosis and differentiation through signaling pathways mediated by TLR2 and TLR4. Additionally, A. muciniphila can further elevate β-cell secretion, attenuate apoptosis and improve differentiation and the TLR signaling pathway on the basis of diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Weiping Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jianxia Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaoying Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Yongde Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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15
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García-Gavilán JF, Atzeni A, Babio N, Liang L, Belzer C, Vioque J, Corella D, Fitó M, Vidal J, Moreno-Indias I, Torres-Collado L, Coltell O, Toledo E, Clish C, Hernando J, Yun H, Hernández-Cacho A, Jeanfavre S, Dennis C, Gómez-Pérez AM, Martínez MA, Ruiz-Canela M, Tinahones FJ, Hu FB, Salas-Salvadó J. Effect of 1-year lifestyle intervention with energy-reduced Mediterranean diet and physical activity promotion on the gut metabolome and microbiota: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1143-1154. [PMID: 38428742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health benefits of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) have been linked to the presence of beneficial gut microbes and related metabolites. However, its impact on the fecal metabolome remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to investigate the weight-loss effects of a 1-y lifestyle intervention based on an energy-reduced MedDiet coupled with physical activity (intervention group), compared with an ad libitum MedDiet (control group), on fecal metabolites, fecal microbiota, and their potential association with cardiovascular disease risk factors. METHODS A total of 400 participants (200 from each study group), aged 55-75 y, and at high cardiovascular disease risk, were included. Dietary and lifestyle information, anthropometric measurements, blood biochemical parameters, and stool samples were collected at baseline and after 1 y of follow-up. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to profile endogenous fecal metabolites, and 16S amplicon sequencing was employed to profile the fecal microbiota. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the intervention group exhibited greater weight loss and improvement in various cardiovascular disease risk factors. We identified intervention effects on 4 stool metabolites and subnetworks primarily composed of bile acids, ceramides, and sphingosines, fatty acids, carnitines, nucleotides, and metabolites of purine and the Krebs cycle. Some of these were associated with changes in several cardiovascular disease risk factors. In addition, we observed a reduction in the abundance of the genera Eubacterium hallii group and Dorea, and an increase in alpha diversity in the intervention group after 1 y of follow-up. Changes in the intervention-related microbiota profiles were also associated with alterations in different fecal metabolite subnetworks and some cardiovascular disease risk factors. CONCLUSIONS An intervention based on an energy-reduced MedDiet and physical activity promotion, compared with an ad libitum MedDiet, was associated with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, potentially through modulation of the fecal microbiota and metabolome. This trial was registered at https://www.isrctn.com/ as ISRCTN89898870 (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN89898870).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús F García-Gavilán
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentaciò, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Alessandro Atzeni
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentaciò, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
| | - Nancy Babio
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentaciò, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Torres-Collado
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Oscar Coltell
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Jaume I University, Castellón, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Clary Clish
- Metabolomics Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Javier Hernando
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Huan Yun
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adrián Hernández-Cacho
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentaciò, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Sarah Jeanfavre
- Metabolomics Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Courtney Dennis
- Metabolomics Platform, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ana M Gómez-Pérez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Martínez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentaciò, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division for Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentaciò, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
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Yu H, Yang WM, Chen YH, Guo L, Li R, Xue F, Tan QR, Peng ZW. The gut microbiome from middle-aged women with depression modulates depressive-like behaviors and plasma fatty acid metabolism in female middle-aged mice. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:139-150. [PMID: 38531144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal dysbacteriosis has frequently been involved in the context of depression. Nonetheless, only scant information is available about the features and functional changes of gut microbiota in female middle-aged depression (MAD). OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore whether there are characteristic changes in the gut microbes of female MAD and whether these changes are associated with depressive-like behaviors. Meanwhile, this study observed alterations in the lipid metabolism function of gut microbes and further examined changes in plasma medium- and long-chain fatty acids (MLCFAs) in mice that underwent fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). METHODS Stool samples obtained from 31 MAD, along with 24 healthy individuals (HC) were analyzed by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Meanwhile, 14-month-old female C57BL/6J mice received antibiotic cocktails and then oral gavage of the microbiota suspension of MAD or HC for 3 weeks to reconstruct gut microbiota. The subsequent depressive-like behaviors, the composition of gut microbiota, as well as MLCFAs in the plasma were evaluated. RESULTS A noteworthy disruption in gut microbial composition in MAD individuals compared to HC was observed. Several distinct bacterial taxa, including Dorea, Butyricicoccus, and Blautia, demonstrated associations with the demographic variables. A particular microbial panel encompassing 49 genera effectively differentiated MAD patients from HC (AUC = 0.82). Fecal microbiome transplantation from MAD subjects led to depressive-like behaviors and dysfunction of plasma MLCFAs in mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that microbial dysbiosis is linked to the pathogenesis of MAD, and its role may be associated with the regulation of MLCFAs metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China; Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Wen-Mao Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Yi-Huan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Fen Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qing-Rong Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China; Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Zheng-Wu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang'an Hospital, Xi'an, 710000, China; Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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17
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Zhang J, Wang H, Liu Y, Shi M, Zhang M, Zhang H, Chen J. Advances in fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1370999. [PMID: 38660489 PMCID: PMC11039806 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of chronic diseases with global prevalence, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from various etiologies. DM can harm various organ systems and lead to acute or chronic complications, which severely endanger human well-being. Traditional treatment mainly involves controlling blood sugar levels through replacement therapy with drugs and insulin; however, some patients still find a satisfactory curative effect difficult to achieve. Extensive research has demonstrated a close correlation between enteric dysbacteriosis and the pathogenesis of various types of DM, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiota to manage DM. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a method for re-establishing the intestinal microbiome balance, offers new possibilities for treating diabetes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the correlation between DM and the gut microbiota, as well as the current advancements in FMT treatment for DM, using FMT as an illustrative example. This study aims to offer novel perspectives and establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical diagnosis and management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Colloca A, Donisi I, Anastasio C, Balestrieri ML, D’Onofrio N. Metabolic Alteration Bridging the Prediabetic State and Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:663. [PMID: 38667278 PMCID: PMC11049175 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes and colorectal cancer (CRC) represent compelling health burdens responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates, sharing several modifiable risk factors. It has been hypothesized that metabolic abnormalities linking prediabetes and CRC are hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and adipokines imbalance. The chronic stimulation related to these metabolic signatures can favor CRC onset and development, as well as negatively influence CRC prognosis. To date, the growing burden of prediabetes and CRC has generated a global interest in defining their epidemiological and molecular relationships. Therefore, a deeper knowledge of the metabolic impairment determinants is compelling to identify the pathological mechanisms promoting the onset of prediabetes and CRC. In this scenario, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the metabolic alterations of prediabetes and CRC as well as an overview of recent preventive and therapeutic approaches for both diseases, focusing on the role of the metabolic state as a pivotal contributor to consider for the development of future preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nunzia D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (I.D.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
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19
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Min L, Ablitip A, Wang R, Luciana T, Wei M, Ma X. Effects of Exercise on Gut Microbiota of Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1070. [PMID: 38613103 PMCID: PMC11013040 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The equilibrium between gut microbiota (GM) and the host plays a pivotal role in maintaining overall health, influencing various physiological and metabolic functions. Emerging research suggests that exercise modulates the abundance and functionality of gut bacteria, yet the comprehensive effects on GM diversity remain to be synthesized. OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN The study aims to quantitatively examine the effect of exercise on the diversity of gut microbiota of adults using a systemic review and meta-analysis approach. METHODS PubMed, Ebsco, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data were searched from their inception to September 2023. Exercise intervention studies with a control group that describe and compare the composition of GM in adults, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 25 studies were included in this meta-analysis with a total of 1044 participants. Based on a fixed-effects model [Chi2 = 29.40, df = 20 (p = 0.08); I2 = 32%], the pooled analysis showed that compared with the control group, exercise intervention can significantly increase the alpha diversity of adult GM, using the Shannon index as an example [WMD = 0.05, 95% CI (0.00, 0.09); Z = 1.99 (p = 0.05)]. In addition, exercise interventions were found to significantly alter GM, notably decreasing Bacteroidetes and increasing Firmicutes, indicating a shift in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. The subgroup analysis indicates that females and older adults appear to exhibit more significant changes in the Shannon Index and observed OTUs. CONCLUSIONS Exercise may be a promising way to improve GM in adults. In particular, the Shannon index was significantly increased after exercise. Distinct responses in GM diversity to exercise interventions based on gender and age implicated that more research was needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leizi Min
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Alimjan Ablitip
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Rui Wang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Torquati Luciana
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2HZ, UK;
| | - Mengxian Wei
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.M.); (A.A.)
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20
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Ding J, Liu J, Chen J, Cheng X, Cao H, Guo X, Hu G, Zhuang Y. Sodium butyrate alleviates free fatty acid-induced steatosis in primary chicken hepatocytes via the AMPK/PPARα pathway. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103482. [PMID: 38387286 PMCID: PMC10899032 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a prevalent metabolic disorder observed in egg-laying hens, characterized by fatty deposits and cellular steatosis in the liver. Our preliminary investigations have revealed a marked decrease in the concentration of butyric acid in the FLHS strain of laying hens. It has been established that sodium butyrate (NaB) protects against metabolic disorders. However, the underlying mechanism by which butyrate modulates hepato-lipid metabolism to a great extent remains unexplored. In this study, we constructed an isolated in vitro model of chicken primary hepatocytes to induce hepatic steatosis by free fatty acids (FFA). Our results demonstrate that treatment with NaB effectively mitigated FFA-induced hepatic steatosis in chicken hepatocytes by inhibiting lipid accumulation, downregulating the mRNA expression of lipo-synthesis-related genes (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1(ACC1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), liver X receptor α (LXRα), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR)) (P < 0.05), and upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A (CPT1A) (P < 0.05). Moreover, AMPK and PPARα inhibitors (Compound C (Comp C) and GW6471, respectively) reversed the protective effects of NaB against FFA-induced hepatic steatosis by blocking the AMPK/PPARα pathway, leading to lipid droplet accumulation and triglyceride (TG) contents in chicken primary hepatocytes. With these findings, NaB can alleviate hepatocyte lipoatrophy injury by activating the AMPK/PPARα pathway, promoting fatty acid oxidation, and reducing lipid synthesis in chicken hepatocytes, potentially being able to provide new ideas for the treatment of FLHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Ding
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jiuyue Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jinyan Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xinyi Cheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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El-Salhy M, Hatlebakk JG. Factors Underlying the Difference in Response to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Between IBS Patients with Severe and Moderate Symptoms. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1336-1344. [PMID: 38446309 PMCID: PMC11026185 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed that patients with Severe IBS respond better to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) than do those with Moderate IBS. AIMS The present study aimed to determine the effects of the transplant dose, route of administering it and repeating FMT on this difference. METHODS This study included 186 patients with IBS randomized 1:1:1 into groups with a 90-g transplant administered once to the colon (LI), once to the duodenum (SI), or twice to the distal duodenum twice (repeated SI). The patients provided a fecal sample and were asked to complete three questionnaires at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months after FMT. The fecal bacteria composition and Dysbiosis index were analyzed using 16 S rRNA gene PCR DNA amplification/probe hybridization covering regions V3-V9. RESULTS There was no difference in the response rates between severe IBS and moderate IBS for SI and repeated SI at all observation intervals after FMT. In the LI group, the response rate at 3 months after FMT was higher for moderate IBS than for severe IBS. The levels of Dorea spp. were higher and those of Streptococcus salivarius subsp. Thermophilus, Alistipes spp., Bacteroides and Prevotella spp., Parabacteroides johnsoni and Parabacteroides spp. were lower in moderate IBS than in severe IBS. CONCLUSIONS There was no difference in the response to FMT between severe and moderate IBS when a 90-g transplant was administered to the small intestine. The difference in the bacterial profile between severe and moderate IBS may explain the difference in symptoms between these patients. ( www. CLINICALTRIALS gov : NCT04236843).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy El-Salhy
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Tysevegen 64, Stord, 1654, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- National Centre for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Jan Gunnar Hatlebakk
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- National Centre for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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22
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Fang M, Liu W, Wang Z, Li J, Hu S, Li Z, Chen W, Zhang N. Causal associations between gut microbiota with intervertebral disk degeneration, low back pain, and sciatica: a Mendelian randomization study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 33:1424-1439. [PMID: 38285276 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-024-08131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although studies have suggested that gut microbiota may be associated with intervertebral disk disease, their causal relationship is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and its metabolic pathways with the risk of intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD), low back pain (LBP), and sciatica. METHODS Genetic variation data for 211 gut microbiota taxa at the phylum to genus level were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium. Genetic variation data for 105 taxa at the species level and 205 metabolic pathways were obtained from the Dutch Microbiome Project. Genetic variation data for disease outcomes were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. The causal relationships between the gut microbiota and its metabolic pathways and the risk of IVDD, LBP, and sciatica were evaluated via Mendelian randomization (MR). The robustness of the results was assessed through sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Inverse variance weighting identified 46 taxa and 33 metabolic pathways that were causally related to IVDD, LBP, and sciatica. After correction by weighted median and MR-PRESSO, 15 taxa and nine pathways remained stable. After FDR correction, only the effect of the genus_Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group on IVDD remained stable. Sensitivity analyses showed no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity, or reverse causation. CONCLUSION Some microbial taxa and their metabolic pathways are causally related to IVDD, LBP, and sciatica and may serve as potential intervention targets. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of gut microbiota-mediated development of intervertebral disk disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaojie Fang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, 310009, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, N1 Shangcheng Road, Yiwu, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, N1 Shangcheng Road, Yiwu, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, 310009, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, 310009, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, 310009, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, 310009, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weishan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, 310009, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, 310009, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Charitos IA, Aliani M, Tondo P, Venneri M, Castellana G, Scioscia G, Castellaneta F, Lacedonia D, Carone M. Biomolecular Actions by Intestinal Endotoxemia in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2841. [PMID: 38474087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of metabolic disorders that concurrently act as factors promoting systemic pathologies such as atherosclerosis or diabetes mellitus. It is now believed to encompass six main interacting conditions: visceral fat, imbalance of lipids (dyslipidemia), hypertension, insulin resistance (with or without impairing both glucose tolerance and fasting blood sugar), and inflammation. In the last 10 years, there has been a progressive interest through scientific research investigations conducted in the field of metabolomics, confirming a trend to evaluate the role of the metabolome, particularly the intestinal one. The intestinal microbiota (IM) is crucial due to the diversity of microorganisms and their abundance. Consequently, IM dysbiosis and its derivate toxic metabolites have been correlated with MetS. By intervening in these two factors (dysbiosis and consequently the metabolome), we can potentially prevent or slow down the clinical effects of the MetS process. This, in turn, may mitigate dysregulations of intestinal microbiota axes, such as the lung axis, thereby potentially alleviating the negative impact on respiratory pathology, such as the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the biomolecular mechanisms through which the IM influences the host's metabolism via a dysbiosis metabolome in both normal and pathological conditions are still unclear. In this study, we seek to provide a description of the knowledge to date of the IM and its metabolome and the factors that influence it. Furthermore, we analyze the interactions between the functions of the IM and the pathophysiology of major metabolic diseases via local and systemic metabolome's relate endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Aliani
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Tondo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Policlinico Riuniti of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Venneri
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Genomics and Proteomics Laboratory, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Castellana
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giulia Scioscia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Policlinico Riuniti of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Castellaneta
- School of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathology, University of Bari (Aldo Moro), 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Lacedonia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Policlinico Riuniti of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mauro Carone
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, "Istitute" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Nayman EI, Schwartz BA, Polmann M, Gumabong AC, Nieuwdorp M, Cickovski T, Mathee K. Differences in gut microbiota between Dutch and South-Asian Surinamese: potential implications for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4585. [PMID: 38403716 PMCID: PMC10894869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota, or the collection of diverse microorganisms in a specific ecological niche, are known to significantly impact human health. Decreased gut microbiota production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) has been implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disease progression. Most microbiome studies focus on ethnic majorities. This study aims to understand how the microbiome differs between an ethnic majority (the Dutch) and minority (the South-Asian Surinamese (SAS)) group with a lower and higher prevalence of T2DM, respectively. Microbiome data from the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting (HELIUS) cohort were used. Two age- and gender-matched groups were compared: the Dutch (n = 41) and SAS (n = 43). Microbial community compositions were generated via DADA2. Metrics of microbial diversity and similarity between groups were computed. Biomarker analyses were performed to determine discriminating taxa. Bacterial co-occurrence networks were constructed to examine ecological patterns. A tight microbiota cluster was observed in the Dutch women, which overlapped with some of the SAS microbiota. The Dutch gut contained a more interconnected microbial ecology, whereas the SAS network was dispersed, i.e., contained fewer inter-taxonomic correlational relationships. Bacteroides caccae, Butyricicoccus, Alistipes putredinis, Coprococcus comes, Odoribacter splanchnicus, and Lachnospira were enriched in the Dutch gut. Haemophilus, Bifidobacterium, and Anaerostipes hadrus discriminated the SAS gut. All but Lachnospira and certain strains of Haemophilus are known to produce SCFAs. The Dutch gut microbiome was distinguished from the SAS by diverse, differentially abundant SCFA-producing taxa with significant cooperation. The dynamic ecology observed in the Dutch was not detected in the SAS. Among several potential gut microbial biomarkers, Haemophilus parainfluenzae likely best characterizes the ethnic minority group, which is more predisposed to T2DM. The higher prevalence of T2DM in the SAS may be associated with the gut dysbiosis observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Nayman
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, College of Engineering and Computing, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Brooke A Schwartz
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, College of Engineering and Computing, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michaela Polmann
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alayna C Gumabong
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, College of Engineering and Computing, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Amsterdam Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trevor Cickovski
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Knight Foundation School of Computing and Information Sciences, College of Engineering and Computing, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Kalai Mathee
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
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25
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Loh JS, Mak WQ, Tan LKS, Ng CX, Chan HH, Yeow SH, Foo JB, Ong YS, How CW, Khaw KY. Microbiota-gut-brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:37. [PMID: 38360862 PMCID: PMC10869798 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. The vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect of human biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, and disease. The advent of new sequencing technologies and culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations to shed light on microbiome-host interactions. Evidence has unveiled the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system, referred to as the "microbiota-gut-brain axis". The microbiota-gut-brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions, making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases. As the gut microbiome provides essential cues to microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, we examine the communications between gut microbiota and these glial cells during healthy states and neurodegenerative diseases. Subsequently, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases using a metabolite-centric approach, while also examining the role of gut microbiota-related neurotransmitters and gut hormones. Next, we examine the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier, blood-brain barrier, meninges, and peripheral immune system to counteract glial dysfunction in neurodegeneration. Finally, we conclude by assessing the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases. A thorough comprehension of the microbiota-gut-brain axis will foster the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the management of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sheng Loh
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Qi Mak
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Li Kar Stella Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chu Xin Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Hao Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shiau Hueh Yeow
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Sze Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Zhao M, Kuang W, Yang J, Liu Y, Yang M, Chen Y, Zhu H, Yang Y. Cholesterol lowering in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice using Lactobacillus bile salt hydrolases with different substrate specificities. Food Funct 2024; 15:1340-1354. [PMID: 38205623 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04871c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The cholesterol-lowering effect of lactic acid bacteria with high activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) is unclear. We believe that distinguishing BSH substrate specificity is necessary to study the effect of various BSH enzymes. We engineered a BSH mutant enzyme recombinant strain named F67A, which exclusively hydrolyzes taurocholic acid (TCA) using site-directed mutagenesis, and a previously lab-constructed BSH recombinant strain, YB81 that exclusively hydrolyzes glycocholic acid (GCA). We also constructed the recombinant strain named NB5462, which carries the empty pSIP411 plasmid and was used as a blank control strain. The intestinal flora in pseudo-germ-free (PGF) mice in which intestinal flora were eliminated via antibiotics, and F67A successfully reduced serum cholesterol levels in high-cholesterol diet-fed mice, whereas YB81 did not yield the same results. However, YB81 regained its cholesterol-lowering capacity in specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice with intact intestinal flora. The cholesterol-lowering mechanism of F67A involved modifying the bile acid pool through BSH enzyme activity. This adjustment regulated the expression of intestinal farnesoid X receptor and subsequently elevated hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), effectively reducing cholesterol levels. Conversely, GCA, the substrate of YB81, was found in minimal quantities in mice, preventing it from inducing changes in bile acid pools. In the presence of intestinal flora, the YB81 BSH enzyme induced notable alterations in bile acids by regulating changes in the intestinal flora and BSH within the flora, ultimately resulting in cholesterol reduction. This is the first study investigating the substrate specificity of BSH, demonstrating that different substrate-specific BSH enzymes exhibit cholesterol-lowering properties. Additionally, we elaborate on the mechanism of BSH-mediated enterohepatic axis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghuan Zhao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Weijia Kuang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210046, China.
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Yanrong Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Miao Yang
- Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huanjing Zhu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210046, China.
| | - Yao Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210046, China.
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Pakmehr A, Mousavi SM, Ejtahed HS, Hoseini-Tavassol Z, Siadat SD, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B. The Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Ther 2024; 46:e87-e100. [PMID: 38087724 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) is increasing along with its predisposing factors and adverse consequences. As gut microbiota dysbiosis is established in these patients, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which alters the bacterial composition of the intestine, supposedly can help improve cardiometabolic disturbances. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the impact of FMT on the cardiometabolic parameters and gut microbiota composition of patients experiencing at least one cardiometabolic issue. METHODS Eligible studies were searched through the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until December 2022. The initial search results underwent duplication removal and screening until each included study was scanned for intended data. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate the methodologic accuracy of studies and the random effects model was used for conducting the meta-analysis. FINDINGS Eighteen of the original 2414 articles from the literature search were entered into the systematic review; of these, 11 were included in the meta-analysis. Insulin showed a significant decrease by 24.7 pmol/L (weighted mean difference [WMD], -24.77; 95% CI, -48.704 to -0.848) after short-term follow-up, and HDL increased by 0.1 mmol/l(WMD, 0.106; 95% CI, 0.027 to 0.184) and 0.12 mmol/l(WMD, 0.120; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.237) in those using a capsule deliver mode and in short-term follow-up, respectively. No significant changes were seen in other lipid profiles, blood glucose, insulin resistance, or anthropometric indices. In addition, multiple studies reported gut microbiota alterations after the intervention, including an increase in butyrate-producing species. IMPLICATIONS Although some articles reported the beneficial effects of FMT on metabolic parameters, we failed to find a clinically significant alteration. Also, information regarding proper donors and the best method to induce FMT have not yet been sufficiently investigated, which should be considered along with means to prevent potential damages. PROSPERO identifier: CRD42022380705.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Pakmehr
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Hoseini-Tavassol
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Feng Z, Zhang Y, Lai Y, Jia C, Wu F, Chen D. Causal relationship between gut microbiota and kidney diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1277554. [PMID: 38283353 PMCID: PMC10811222 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The interplay between gut microbiome genera and inflammatory kidney-related diseases, such as nephrotic syndrome, glomerulonephritis, tubulo-interstitial nephritis, and chronic kidney disease, has been observed. However, the causal relationships between specific bacterial genera and these renal diseases have not been fully elucidated. Objective To investigate the potential causal links between different genera of the gut microbiome and the susceptibility to various renal conditions utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Materials and methods Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of gut microbiota and inflammatory kidney-related diseases were obtained from published GWASs. Two-sample MR analyses were conducted using methods including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, and others to identify potential causal links between gut microbial genera and renal conditions. Sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test and the MR-PRESSO global test, were performed to validate the robustness of the results and detect horizontal pleiotropy. In addition, a reverse MR analysis was conducted to assess reverse causation possibilities. Results By synthesizing insights from both primary and sensitivity analyses, this study unveiled critical associations of 12 bacterial genera with nephrotic syndrome, 7 bacterial genera with membranous nephropathy, 3 bacterial genera with glomerulonephritis, 4 bacterial genera with acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis, 6 bacterial genera with chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis, and 7 bacterial genera with chronic kidney disease. Various genera were pinpointed as having either positive or negative causal relationships with these renal conditions, as evidenced by specific ranges of IVW-OR values (all P< 0.05). The congruence of the sensitivity analyses bolstered the primary findings, displaying no marked heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Notably, the reverse MR analysis with nephritis as the exposure did not reveal any causal relationships, thereby strengthening the resilience and validity of the primary associations. Conclusion This study explored the causal associations between several gut microbial genera and the risk of several inflammatory kidney-related diseases, uncovering several associations between specific gut microbial genera and nephrotic syndrome, membranous nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, tubulo-interstitial nephritis, and chronic kidney disease. These findings enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and kidney diseases, and they will be beneficial for early diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoushan Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyu Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Jia
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dunjin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Neonatal Intestinal Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Tao Z, Wang Y. The health benefits of dietary short-chain fatty acids in metabolic diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38189336 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2297811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are a subset of fatty acids that play crucial roles in maintaining normal physiology and developing metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and liver disease. Even though dairy products and vegetable oils are the direct dietary sources of SCFAs, their quantities are highly restricted. SCFAs are produced indirectly through microbial fermentation of fibers. The biological roles of SCFAs in human health and metabolic diseases are mainly due to their receptors, GPR41 and GPR43, FFAR2 and FFAR3. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that SCFAs modulate DNMTs and HDAC activities, inhibit NF-κB-STAT signaling, and regulate G(i/o)βγ-PLC-PKC-PTEN signaling and PPARγ-UCP2-AMPK autophagic signaling, thus mitigating metabolic diseases. Recent studies have uncovered that SCFAs play crucial roles in epigenetic modifications of DNAs, RNAs, and post-translational modifications of proteins, which are critical regulators of metabolic health and diseases. At the same time, dietary recommendations for the purpose of SCFAs have been proposed. The objective of the review is to summarize the most recent research on the role of dietary SCFAs in metabolic diseases, especially the signal transduction of SCFAs in metabolic diseases and their functional efficacy in different backgrounds and models of metabolic diseases, at the same time, to provide dietary and nutritional recommendations for using SCFAs as food ingredients to prevent metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Tao
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Yao Wang
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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30
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Li P, Zhang R, Zhou J, Guo P, Liu Y, Shi S. Vancomycin relieves tacrolimus-induced hyperglycemia by eliminating gut bacterial beta-glucuronidase enzyme activity. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2310277. [PMID: 38332701 PMCID: PMC10860355 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2310277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Up to 40% of transplant recipients treated long-term with tacrolimus (TAC) develop post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM). TAC is an important risk factor for PTDM, but is also essential for immunosuppression after transplantation. Long-term TAC treatment alters the gut microbiome, but the mechanisms of TAC-induced gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of PTDM are poorly characterized. Here, we showed that vancomycin, an inhibitor of bacterial beta-glucuronidase (GUS), prevents TAC-induced glucose disorder and insulin resistance in mice. Metagenomics shows that GUS-producing bacteria are predominant and flourish in the TAC-induced hyperglycemia mouse model, with upregulation of intestinal GUS activity. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that in the presence of high GUS activity, the hydrolysis of bile acid (BAs)-glucuronic conjugates is increased and most BAs are overproduced in the serum and liver, which, in turn, activates the ileal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and suppresses GLP-1 secretion by L-cells. The GUS inhibitor vancomycin significantly eliminated GUS-producing bacteria and inhibited bacterial GUS activity and BAs levels, thereby enhancing L-cell GLP-1 secretion and preventing hyperglycemia. Our results propose a novel clinical strategy for inhibiting the bacterial GUS enzyme to prevent hyperglycemia without requiring withdrawal of TAC treatment. This strategy exerted its effect through the ileal bile acid-FXR-GLP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinping Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengpeng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaojun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ryu SW, Moon JC, Oh BS, Yu SY, Bak JE, Heo ES, Jeong JH, Lee JH. Anti-obesity activity of human gut microbiota Bacteroides stercoris KGMB02265. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:19. [PMID: 38086977 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health threat that causes various complications such as type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut microbiota is closely related to obesity. In particular, a higher Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio has been reported as a biomarker of obesity, suggesting that the phylum Bacteroidetes may play a role in inhibiting obesity. Indeed, the genus Bacteroides was enriched in the healthy subjects based on metagenome analysis. In this study, we determined the effects of Bacteroides stercoris KGMB02265, a species belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes, on obesity both in vitro and in vivo. The cell-free supernatant of B. stercoris KGMB02265 inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, in which the expression of adipogenic marker genes was repressed. In vivo study showed that the oral administration of B. stercoris KGMB02265 substantially reduced body weight and fat weight in high-fat diet induced obesity in mice. Furthermore, obese mice orally administered with B. stercoris KGMB02265 restored glucose sensitivity and reduced leptin and triglyceride levels. Taken together, our study reveals that B. stercoris KGMB02265 has anti-obesity activity and suggests that it may be a promising candidate for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoung Woo Ryu
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program, Chonnam National University, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Moon
- National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang, 36531, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Seob Oh
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yeob Yu
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program, Chonnam National University, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Bak
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program, Chonnam National University, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seo Heo
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program, Chonnam National University, Hwasun, 58128, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju Huck Lee
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
- University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Hao L, Wang L, Ju M, Feng W, Guo Z, Sun X, Xiao R. 27-Hydroxycholesterol impairs learning and memory ability via decreasing brain glucose uptake mediated by the gut microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115649. [PMID: 37806088 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain glucose hypometabolism is a significant manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) and the gut microbiota have been recognized as factors possibly influencing the pathogenesis of AD. This study aimed to investigate the link between 27-OHC, the gut microbiota, and brain glucose uptake in AD. Here, 6-month-old male C57BL/6 J mice were treated with sterile water or antibiotic cocktails, with or without 27-OHC and/or 27-OHC synthetic enzyme CYP27A1 inhibitor anastrozole (ANS). The gut microbiota, brain glucose uptake levels, and memory ability were measured. We observed that 27-OHC altered microbiota composition, damaged brain tissue structures, decreased the 2-deoxy-2-[18 F] fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake value, downregulated the gene expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), reduced the colocalization of GLUT1/glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the hippocampus, and impaired spatial memory. ANS reversed the effects of 27-OHC. The antibiotic-treated mice did not exhibit similar results after 27-OHC treatment. This study reveals a potential molecular mechanism wherein 27-OHC-induced memory impairment might be linked to reduced brain glucose uptake, mediated by the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Mengwei Ju
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wenjing Feng
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhiting Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xuejing Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing 100069, China.
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Wang L, Zhang Z. Diabetes Mellitus and Gastric Cancer: Correlation and Potential Mechanisms. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:4388437. [PMID: 38020199 PMCID: PMC10653978 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4388437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the correlation between diabetes mellitus (DM) and gastric cancer (GC) from the perspectives of epidemiology, drug use, and potential mechanisms. The association between DM and GC is inconclusive, and the positive direction of the association reported in most published meta-analyses suggests that DM may be an independent risk factor for GC. Many clinical investigations have shown that people with DM and GC who undergo gastrectomy may have better glycemic control. The potential link between DM and GC may involve the interaction of multiple common risk factors, such as obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, H. pylori infection, and the use of metformin. Although in vitro and in vivo data support that H. pylori infection status and metformin can influence GC risk in DM patients, there are conflicting results. Patient survival outcomes are influenced by multiple factors, so further research is needed to identify the patients who may benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Critical Research Center for Emergency Medicine Clinic, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Trauma and Burn of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Linping District, 311100, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Ying ZH, Mao CL, Xie W, Yu CH. Postbiotics in rheumatoid arthritis: emerging mechanisms and intervention perspectives. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1290015. [PMID: 38029106 PMCID: PMC10662086 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1290015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent chronic autoimmune disease that affects individuals of all age groups. Recently, the association between RA and the gut microbiome has led to the investigation of postbiotics as potential therapeutic strategies. Postbiotics refer to inactivated microbial cells, cellular components, or their metabolites that are specifically intended for the microbiota. Postbiotics not only profoundly influence the occurrence and development of RA, but they also mediate various inflammatory pathways, immune processes, and bone metabolism. Although they offer a variety of mechanisms and may even be superior to more conventional "biotics" such as probiotics and prebiotics, research on their efficacy and clinical significance in RA with disruptions to the intestinal microbiota remains limited. In this review, we provide an overview of the concept of postbiotics and summarize the current knowledge regarding postbiotics and their potential use in RA therapy. Postbiotics show potential as a viable adjunctive therapy option for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Ying
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Arthritis Diagnosis and Research, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Liang Mao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Arthritis Diagnosis and Research, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
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Skantze V, Hjorth T, Wallman M, Brunius C, Dicksved J, Pelve EA, Esberg A, Vitale M, Giacco R, Costabile G, Bergia RE, Jirstrand M, Campbell WW, Riccardi G, Landberg R. Differential Responders to a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors and Gut Microbiota-Data from the MEDGI-Carb Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:4369. [PMID: 37892445 PMCID: PMC10609681 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has surged in recent decades, and the identification of differential glycemic responders can aid tailored treatment for the prevention of prediabetes and T2DM. A mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) based on regular foods offers the potential to uncover differential responders in dynamical postprandial events. We aimed to fit a simple mathematical model on dynamic postprandial glucose data from repeated MMTTs among participants with elevated T2DM risk to identify response clusters and investigate their association with T2DM risk factors and gut microbiota. Data were used from a 12-week multi-center dietary intervention trial involving high-risk T2DM adults, comparing high- versus low-glycemic index foods within a Mediterranean diet context (MEDGICarb). Model-based analysis of MMTTs from 155 participants (81 females and 74 males) revealed two distinct plasma glucose response clusters that were associated with baseline gut microbiota. Cluster A, inversely associated with HbA1c and waist circumference and directly with insulin sensitivity, exhibited a contrasting profile to cluster B. Findings imply that a standardized breakfast MMTT using regular foods could effectively distinguish non-diabetic individuals at varying risk levels for T2DM using a simple mechanistic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Skantze
- Fraunhofer-Chalmers Research Centre for Industrial Mathematics, 412 88 Gothenburg, Sweden (M.J.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Therese Hjorth
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Mikael Wallman
- Fraunhofer-Chalmers Research Centre for Industrial Mathematics, 412 88 Gothenburg, Sweden (M.J.)
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Johan Dicksved
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik A. Pelve
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (G.R.)
| | - Rosalba Giacco
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (G.R.)
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Costabile
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (G.R.)
| | - Robert E. Bergia
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA (W.W.C.)
| | - Mats Jirstrand
- Fraunhofer-Chalmers Research Centre for Industrial Mathematics, 412 88 Gothenburg, Sweden (M.J.)
| | - Wayne W. Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA (W.W.C.)
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolism Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (R.G.); (G.C.); (G.R.)
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.H.); (R.L.)
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Wang Y, Li T, Yang C, Wu Y, Liu Y, Yang X. Eurotium cristatum from Fu Brick Tea Promotes Adipose Thermogenesis by Boosting Colonic Akkermansia muciniphila in High-Fat-Fed Obese Mice. Foods 2023; 12:3716. [PMID: 37893609 PMCID: PMC10606327 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential fat-thermogenic effects of Eurotium cristatum, and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. The 12-week administration of E. cristatum in HFD-fed obese mice reduced body weight and improved glucolipid metabolism disorders. The administration of E. cristatum also efficiently promoted thermogenesis by increasing the expression of UCP1 and PRDM16 in both interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, E. cristatum shaped the gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of Parabacteroides and Akkermansia muciniphila, and also elevated the levels of cecal short-chain fatty acids, particularly propionate and acetate. Of note, A. muciniphila was highly negatively correlated with body weight gain (r = -0.801, p < 0.05) and the iWAT index (r = -0.977, p < 0.01), suggesting that A. muciniphila may play an important role in the thermogenic mobilization induced by E. cristatum. Continuous supplementation with A. muciniphila suppressed adipose accumulation, improved glucolipid metabolism, and enhanced the thermogenic activity of iWAT and iBAT. Collectively, our results propose that boosted A. muciniphila acts as a key microbe in tea-derived probiotic E. cristatum-mediated fat-thermogenic and anti-obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xingbin Yang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China (T.L.)
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Luo Z, Xu J, Gao Q, Wang Z, Hou M, Liu Y. Study on the effect of licochalcone A on intestinal flora in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice based on 16S rRNA technology. Food Funct 2023; 14:8903-8921. [PMID: 37702574 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00861d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Licorice, has a long history in China where it has various uses, including as a medicine, and is often widely consumed as a food ingredient. Licorice is rich in various active components, including polysaccharides, triterpenoids, alkaloids, and nucleosides, among which licochalcone A (LicA) is an active component with multiple physiological effects. Previous studies from our research group have shown that LicA can significantly improve glucose and lipid metabolism and related complications in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. However, research on the mechanism of LicA in T2DM mice based on intestinal flora has not been carried out in depth. Therefore, in this study, LicA was taken as the research object and the effects of LicA on glucose and lipid metabolism and intestinal flora in T2DM mice induced by streptozotocin (STZ)/high-fat feed (HFD) were explored. The results indicated that LicA could reduce serum TC, TG, and LDL-C levels, increase HDL-C levels, reduce blood glucose, and improve insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. LicA also alleviated pathological damage to the liver. The results also showed that LicA significantly affected the intestinal microbiota composition and increased the α diversity index. β Diversity analysis showed that after the intervention of LicA, the composition of intestinal flora was significantly different from that in the T2DM model group. Correlation analysis showed that the changes in glucose and lipid metabolism parameters in mice were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Helicobacter, and Lachnospiraceae (p < 0.01). Analysis of key bacteria showed that LicA could significantly promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium, Turicibacter, Blautia, and Faecococcus, and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, such as Enterococcus, Dorea, and Arachnococcus. In conclusion, it was confirmed that LicA reversed the imbalanced intestinal flora, and increased the richness and diversity of the species in T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Luo
- Shuren International College, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street, No. 146, Shenyang 110034, China.
| | - Jing Xu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- College of physical education, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Mingxiao Hou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, The Veterans General Hospital of Liaoning Province, No. 20 Beijiu Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yunen Liu
- Shuren International College, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street, No. 146, Shenyang 110034, China.
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Chaudhary A, Mishra P, Amaz SA, Mahato PL, Das R, Jha R, Mishra B. Dietary supplementation of microalgae mitigates the negative effects of heat stress in broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102958. [PMID: 37540947 PMCID: PMC10407898 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress in poultry is a serious concern, affecting their health and productivity. To effectively address the issue of heat stress, it is essential to include antioxidant-rich compounds in the poultry diet to ensure the proper functioning of the redox system. Microalgae (Spirulina platensis) are rich in antioxidants and have several health benefits in humans and animals. However, its role in health and production and the underlying mechanism in heat-stressed broilers are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the effect of microalgae supplementation on the health and production of heat-stressed broilers. Cobb500 day-old chicks (N = 144) were raised in litter floor pens (6 pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen). The treatment groups were: 1) no heat stress (NHS), 2) heat stress (HS), and 3) heat stress + 3% microalgae (HS+MAG). The broilers in the HS+MAG group were fed a diet supplemented with 3% microalgae, whereas NHS and HS groups were fed a standard broiler diet. Broilers in the NHS were raised under standard temperature (20°C-24°C), while HS and HS+MAG broilers were subjected to cyclic heat stress from d 22 to 35 (32°C-33°C for 8 h). Heat stress significantly decreased the final body weight, whereas the supplementation of microalgae increased the final body weight of broilers (P < 0.05). The expressions of ileal antioxidant (GPX3), immune-related (IL4), and tight-junction (CLDN2) genes were increased in microalgae-supplemented broilers compared to heat-stressed broilers (P < 0.05). The ileal villus height to crypt depth ratio was improved in microalgae-supplemented broilers (P < 0.05). In addition, microbial alpha, and beta diversities were higher in the HS+MAG group compared to the HS group (P < 0.05). There was an increase in volatile fatty acid-producing bacteria at the genus level, such as Ruminococcus, Ocillospira, Lactobacillus, Oscillobacter, Flavonifractor, and Colidextribacter in the group that received microalgae supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of microalgae improved the growth performances of heat-stressed broilers by improving their physiogenomics. Thus, the dietary inclusion of microalgae can potentially mitigate heat stress in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Chaudhary
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Pravin Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Sadid Al Amaz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Prem Lal Mahato
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Razib Das
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Birendra Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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Cutuli D, Decandia D, Giacovazzo G, Coccurello R. Physical Exercise as Disease-Modifying Alternative against Alzheimer's Disease: A Gut-Muscle-Brain Partnership. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14686. [PMID: 37834132 PMCID: PMC10572207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common cause of dementia characterized by neurodegenerative dysregulations, cognitive impairments, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Physical exercise (PE) has emerged as a powerful tool for reducing chronic inflammation, improving overall health, and preventing cognitive decline. The connection between the immune system, gut microbiota (GM), and neuroinflammation highlights the role of the gut-brain axis in maintaining brain health and preventing neurodegenerative diseases. Neglected so far, PE has beneficial effects on microbial composition and diversity, thus providing the potential to alleviate neurological symptoms. There is bidirectional communication between the gut and muscle, with GM diversity modulation and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production affecting muscle metabolism and preservation, and muscle activity/exercise in turn inducing significant changes in GM composition, functionality, diversity, and SCFA production. This gut-muscle and muscle-gut interplay can then modulate cognition. For instance, irisin, an exercise-induced myokine, promotes neuroplasticity and cognitive function through BDNF signaling. Irisin and muscle-generated BDNF may mediate the positive effects of physical activity against some aspects of AD pathophysiology through the interaction of exercise with the gut microbial ecosystem, neural plasticity, anti-inflammatory signaling pathways, and neurogenesis. Understanding gut-muscle-brain interconnections hold promise for developing strategies to promote brain health, fight age-associated cognitive decline, and improve muscle health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Cutuli
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Davide Decandia
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy;
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo (UniTE), 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy;
- Institute for Complex Systems (ISC), National Council of Research (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
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Lúcio H, Anunciação P, da Silva B, da Silva A, Queiroz V, de Carvalho C, Pinheiro-Sant’Ana H, Martino H. Consumption of Extruded Sorghum SC319 Improved Gut Microbiota at Genus Level and Reduced Anthropometric Markers in Men with Overweight: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3786. [PMID: 37686818 PMCID: PMC10490362 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorghum is a cereal source of energy, carbohydrates, resistant starch, proanthocyanidins, and 3-deoxyanthocyanins; it promotes satiety by slowing digestion and benefits intestinal health. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of extruded sorghum SC319 consumption on intestinal health, weight loss, and inflammatory markers in men with overweight. METHODS This was a randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial. Twenty-one men were randomly allocated into one of two groups: the sorghum group (test), which received 40 g of extruded SC319 whole sorghum (n = 10), or the wheat group (control), which received 38 g of extruded whole wheat (n = 11) for eight weeks. RESULTS The sorghum consumption increased the weight loss intragroup, decreased the body fat percentage intergroup, and did not change inflammatory markers, while the wheat group had increased IL-6 levels compared to baseline. Short-chain fatty acid production, fecal pH, and α and β diversity indexes did not differ intra- and intergroup after interventions. However, sorghum consumption decreased genus levels of Clostridium_sensu_stricto 1, Dorea, and Odoribacter and increased CAG-873 and Turicibacter compared to baseline. Further, sorghum showed a tendency (p = 0.07) to decrease the proteobacteria phyla compared to wheat. CONCLUSION Extruded sorghum SC319 improved intestinal microbiota and body composition and promoted weight loss, demonstrating its prebiotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haira Lúcio
- Nutrition and Health Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Av. Purdue, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (H.L.); (P.A.); (B.d.S.); (A.d.S.); (H.P.-S.)
| | - Pamella Anunciação
- Nutrition and Health Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Av. Purdue, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (H.L.); (P.A.); (B.d.S.); (A.d.S.); (H.P.-S.)
| | - Barbara da Silva
- Nutrition and Health Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Av. Purdue, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (H.L.); (P.A.); (B.d.S.); (A.d.S.); (H.P.-S.)
| | - Alessandra da Silva
- Nutrition and Health Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Av. Purdue, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (H.L.); (P.A.); (B.d.S.); (A.d.S.); (H.P.-S.)
| | - Valéria Queiroz
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rote MG 424, Km 65, Sete Lagoas 35701-970, MG, Brazil;
| | - Carlos de Carvalho
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Av. das Américas, nº 29.501, Guaratiba, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Helena Pinheiro-Sant’Ana
- Nutrition and Health Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Av. Purdue, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (H.L.); (P.A.); (B.d.S.); (A.d.S.); (H.P.-S.)
| | - Hercia Martino
- Nutrition and Health Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Av. Purdue, s/n, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil; (H.L.); (P.A.); (B.d.S.); (A.d.S.); (H.P.-S.)
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Zhang L, Zou W, Hu Y, Wu H, Gao Y, Zhang J, Zheng J. Maternal voluntary wheel running modulates glucose homeostasis, the gut microbiota and its derived fecal metabolites in offspring. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1151-1166. [PMID: 37505199 PMCID: PMC10412464 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Maternal overnutrition can dramatically increase the susceptibility of offspring to metabolic diseases, whereas maternal exercise may improve glucose metabolism in offspring. However, the underlying mechanism programming the intergenerational effects of maternal exercise on the benefits of glucose metabolism has not been fully elaborated. C57BL/6 female mice were randomly assigned to four subgroups according to a diet and exercise paradigm before and during pregnancy as follows: NC (fed with normal chow diet and sedentary), NCEx (fed with normal chow diet and running), HF (fed with high-fat diet and sedentary), and HFEx (fed with high-fat diet and running). Integrative 16S rDNA sequencing and mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling were synchronously performed to characterize the effects of maternal exercise on the gut microbiota composition and metabolite alterations in offspring. Maternal exercise, acting as a natural pharmaceutical intervention, prevented deleterious effects on glucose metabolism in offspring. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed remarkable changes in the gut microbiota composition in offspring. Metabolic profiling indicated multiple altered metabolites, which were enriched in butanoate metabolism signaling in offspring. We further found that maternal exercise could mediate gene expression related to intestinal gluconeogenesis in offspring. In conclusion, our study indicated that maternal running significantly improved glucose metabolism in offspring and counteracted the detrimental effects of maternal high-fat feeding before and during pregnancy. We further demonstrated that maternal voluntary wheel running could integratively program the gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolite changes and then regulate butanoate metabolism and mediate intestinal gluconeogenesis in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyu Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongyan Hu
- Laboratory Animal Facility, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Honghua Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Chou PS, Hung WC, Yang IH, Kuo CM, Wu MN, Lin TC, Fong YO, Juan CH, Lai CL. Predicting Adverse Recanalization Therapy Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Using Characteristic Gut Microbiota. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2016. [PMID: 37630576 PMCID: PMC10458507 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recanalization therapy is the most effective treatment for eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Gut microbiota are involved in the pathological mechanisms and outcomes of AIS. However, the association of gut microbiota features with adverse recanalization therapy outcomes remains unclear. Herein, we investigated gut microbiota features associated with neurological deficits in patients with AIS after recanalization therapy and whether they predict the patients' functional outcomes. We collected fecal samples from 51 patients with AIS who received recanalization therapy and performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3-V4). We compared the gut microbiota diversity and community composition between mild to moderate and severe disability groups. Next, the characteristic gut microbiota was compared between groups, and we noted that the characteristic gut microbiota in patients with mild to moderate disability included Bilophila, Butyricimonas, Oscillospiraceae_UCG-003, and Megamonas. Moreover, the relative abundance of Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium sp., and Parabacteroides gordonii was high in patients with severe disability. The characteristic gut microbiota was correlated with neurological deficits, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves confirmed that the characteristic microbiota predicted adverse recanalization therapy outcomes. In conclusion, gut microbiota characteristics are correlated with recanalization therapy outcomes in patients with AIS. Gut microbiota may thus be a promising biomarker associated with early neurological deficits and predict recanalization therapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Song Chou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Hung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan;
| | - I-Hsiao Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Ming Kuo
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Ni Wu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
| | - Tzu-Chao Lin
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
| | - Yi-On Fong
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
| | - Chi-Hung Juan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan;
- Cognitive Intelligence and Precision Healthcare Research Center, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan
| | - Chiou-Lian Lai
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan; (P.-S.C.); (M.-N.W.); (T.-C.L.); (Y.-O.F.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan
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Paoli A, Bianco A, Moro T, Mota JF, Coelho-Ravagnani CF. The Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Insulin Sensitivity and Weight Loss, Which Came First: The Chicken or the Egg? Nutrients 2023; 15:3120. [PMID: 37513538 PMCID: PMC10385501 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ketogenic diet (KD) is, nowadays, considered an interesting nutritional approach for weight loss and improvement in insulin resistance. Nevertheless, most of the studies available in the literature do not allow a clear distinction between its effects on insulin sensitivity per se, and the effects of weight loss induced by KDs on insulin sensitivity. In this review, we discuss the scientific evidence on the direct and weight loss mediated effects of KDs on glycemic status in humans, describing the KD's biochemical background and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35127 Padua, Italy
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Tatiana Moro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35127 Padua, Italy
| | - Joao Felipe Mota
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Department of Medicine, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Christianne F Coelho-Ravagnani
- Research in Exercise and Nutrition in Health and Sports Performance-PENSARE, Post-Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Institute of Health (INISA), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil
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Hoffmann Sarda FA, Giuntini EB. Carbohydrates for glycemic control: functional and microbiome aspects. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:341-346. [PMID: 37144465 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glycemia goals are used as indicators of control and progression in prediabetes and diabetes. Adopting healthy eating habits is essential. It is worth considering the quality of carbohydrates to help with dietary glycemic control. The present article aims to review recent meta-analyses published in the years 2021-2022 on the effects of dietary fiber and low glycemic index/load (LGI/LGL) foods on glycemic control and how gut microbiome modulation contributes to glycemic control. RECENT FINDINGS Data involving more than 320 studies were reviewed. The evidence allows us to infer that LGI/LGL foods, including dietary fiber intake, are associated with reduced fasting glycemia and insulinemia, postprandial glycemic response, HOMA-IR, and glycated hemoglobin, which are more evident in soluble dietary fiber. These results can be correlated with changes in the gut microbiome. However, the mechanistic roles of microbes or metabolites implicated in these observations continue to be explored. Some controversial data highlight the need for more homogeneity between studies. SUMMARY The properties of dietary fiber are reasonably well established for their glycemic homeostasis effects, including the fermentation aspects. Findings of gut microbiome correlations with glucose homeostasis can be incorporated into clinical nutrition practice. Target dietary fiber interventions on microbiome modulation can offer options to improve glucose control and contribute to personalized nutritional practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana A Hoffmann Sarda
- Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Limerick (UL)
- Health Research Institute (UL)
- Bernal Institute (UL), Limerick, Republic of Ireland
| | - Eliana Bistriche Giuntini
- Food Research Center (FoRC/CEPID/FAPESP), University of São Paulo (USP), Rua do Lago, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Zolotarev VA, Murovets VO, Sepp AL, Sozontov EA, Lukina EA, Khropycheva RP, Pestereva NS, Ivleva IS, El Mehdi M, Lahaye E, Chartrel N, Fetissov SO. Protein Extract of a Probiotic Strain of Hafnia alvei and Bacterial ClpB Protein Improve Glucose Tolerance in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10590. [PMID: 37445766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A commercial strain of Hafnia alvei (H. alvei) 4597 bacteria was shown to reduce food intake and promote weight loss, effects possibly induced by the bacterial protein ClpB, an antigen-mimetic of the anorexigenic α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. A decrease in the basal plasma glucose levels was also observed in overweight fasted humans and mice receiving H. alvei. However, it is not known whether H. alvei influences sweet taste preference and whether its protein extract or ClpB are sufficient to increase glucose tolerance; these are the objectives tested in the present study. C57BL/6J male mice were kept under standard diet and were gavaged daily for 17 days with a suspension of H. alvei (4.5 × 107 CFU/animal) or with H. alvei total protein extract (5 μg/animal) or saline as a control. Sweet taste preference was analyzed via a brief-access licking test with sucrose solution. Glucose tolerance tests (GTT) were performed after the intraperitoneal (IP) or intragastric (IG) glucose administration at the 9th and 15th days of gavage, respectively. The expression of regulatory peptides' mRNA levels was assayed in the hypothalamus. In another experiment performed in non-treated C57BL/6J male mice, effects of acute IP administration of recombinant ClpB protein on glucose tolerance were studied by both IP- and IG-GTT. Mice treated with the H. alvei protein extract showed an improved glucose tolerance in IP-GTT but not in IG-GTT. Both groups treated with H. alvei bacteria or protein extract showed a reduction of pancreatic tissue weight but without significant changes to basal plasma insulin. No significant effects of H. alvei bacteria or its total protein extract administration were observed on the sweet taste preference, insulin tolerance and expression of regulatory peptides' mRNA in the hypothalamus. Acute administration of ClpB in non-treated mice increased glucose tolerance during the IP-GTT but not the IG-GTT, and reduced basal plasma glucose levels. We conclude that both the H. alvei protein extract introduced orally and the ClpB protein administered via IP improve glucose tolerance probably by acting at the glucose postabsorptive level. Moreover, H. alvei probiotic does not seem to influence the sweet taste preference. These results justify future testing of both the H. alvei protein extract and ClpB protein in animal models of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliy A Zolotarev
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir O Murovets
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasiya L Sepp
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Egor A Sozontov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Lukina
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Raisa P Khropycheva
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nina S Pestereva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina S Ivleva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mouna El Mehdi
- Inserm UMR1239 Laboratory, Team: Regulatory Peptides-Energy Metabolism and Motivated Behavior, University of Rouen Normandie, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Emilie Lahaye
- Inserm UMR1239 Laboratory, Team: Regulatory Peptides-Energy Metabolism and Motivated Behavior, University of Rouen Normandie, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- Inserm UMR1239 Laboratory, Team: Regulatory Peptides-Energy Metabolism and Motivated Behavior, University of Rouen Normandie, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Sergueï O Fetissov
- Inserm UMR1239 Laboratory, Team: Regulatory Peptides-Energy Metabolism and Motivated Behavior, University of Rouen Normandie, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Kallassy J, Gagnon E, Rosenberg D, Silbart LK, McManus SA. Strains of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and its extracts reduce blood glucose levels, percent HbA1c, and improve glucose tolerance without causing hypoglycemic side effects in diabetic and prediabetic mice. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2023; 11:11/3/e003101. [PMID: 37277225 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The commensal bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a prominent member of the microbiome of animals and humans, and it plays an important role in several physiological processes. Numerous studies have correlated the reduction of F. prausnitzii abundance with many disease states, including irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, obesity, asthma, major depressive disorder, and metabolic diseases in humans. Studies have also correlated F. prausnitzii with diseases in humans involved in altered glucose metabolism, including diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of compositions derived from three strains of F. prausnitzii (coined FPZ) on glucose metabolism in diet-induced obese male C57BL/6J prediabetic and type 2 diabetic mice. The primary endpoints of these studies were measuring changes in fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance (as measured by a glucose tolerance test), and percent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) with longer term treatment. Two placebo-controlled trials were carried out using both live cell FPZ and killed cell FPZ and extracts. Two additional placebo-controlled trials were carried out in non-diabetic mice and mice that previously had type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESULTS Both trials in prediabetic and diabetic mice revealed that peroral administration of live FPZ or extracts from FPZ lowered fasting blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance compared with control mice. A trial administering longer FPZ treatment also resulted in lowered percent HbA1c compared with control mice. Additionally, trials in non-diabetic mice treated with FPZ demonstrated that FPZ treatment does not lead to hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS The trial results have shown that treatment with different formulations of FPZ result in lower blood glucose levels, lower percent HbA1c, and improved glucose response in mice compared with control prediabetic/diabetic mice. FPZ is a promising candidate as an orally administered probiotic or postbiotic to manage and improve pre-diabetes and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lawrence K Silbart
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Yuan X, Zhang Y, Lin X, Yang X, Chen R. Association of gut microbiota and glucose metabolism in children with disparate degrees of adiposity. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13009. [PMID: 36704910 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota in children with disparate degrees of adiposity, and analyze the association between gut microbiota, glucose metabolism indicators, and inflammatory factors. METHODS Clinical data were examined in 89 Chinese children. Children with a body fat percentage ≥ 30% were diagnosed as obese, and ≥ 35% in males and ≥ 40% in females were further defined as severe obesity. The composition of gut microbiota was determined by 16S rDNA-based metagenomics. RESULTS The study population (9.75 ± 1.92-year-old) was characterized as normal weight (n = 29), mild obesity (n = 27) and severe obesity (n = 33) groups. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis found that compared to the severe obesity group, subjects with mild obesity had more prevalent members of the phylum Fusobacteria, the genus Alistipes, and fewer members of genus Granulicatella and Clostridium (p < 0.05). For subjects with mild obesity, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that fasting plasma glucose positively correlated with species A. indistinctus, A. putredinis, and negatively correlated with species Ruminococcus gnavus; LBP negatively correlated with species Clostridium hathewayi, and Blautia producta. For subjects with severe obesity, oral glucose tolerance test 2 h plasma glucose (OGTT2HPG) negatively correlated with the phylum Synergistetes, genus Pyramidobacter, species Veillonella parvula, P. piscolens, and positively correlated with species B. producta, INS and HOMA-IR negatively correlated with the genus Haemophilus, species H. parainfluenzae, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) negatively correlated with the phylum Actinobacteria, genus Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and species B. longum (all p < 0.05). Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states 2 (PICRUSt2) analysis discerned that the glucose metabolism pathway, gluconeogenesis I was curtailed in the severe obesity group. CONCLUSION The gut microbiota could favourably compensate for glucose metabolism in children with obesity. Genus Haemophilus and Bifidobacterium longum may influence glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in children with severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangquan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Fanelli F, Montemurro M, Verni M, Garbetta A, Bavaro AR, Chieffi D, Cho GS, Franz CMAP, Rizzello CG, Fusco V. Probiotic Potential and Safety Assessment of Type Strains of Weissella and Periweissella Species. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0304722. [PMID: 36847557 PMCID: PMC10100829 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03047-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous strains belonging to the Weissella genus have been described in the last decades for their probiotic and biotechnological potential, others are known to be opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals. Here, we investigated the probiotic potential of two Weissella and four Periweissella type strains belonging to the species Weissella diestrammenae, Weissella uvarum, Periweissella beninensis, Periweissella fabalis, Periweissella fabaria, and Periweissella ghanensis by genomic and phenotypic analyses, and performed a safety assessment of these strains. Based on the results of the survival to simulated gastrointestinal transit, autoaggregation and hydrophobicity characteristics, as well as adhesion to Caco-2 cells, we showed that the P. beninensis, P. fabalis, P. fabaria, P. ghanensis, and W. uvarum type strains exhibited a high probiotic potential. The safety assessment, based on the genomic analysis, performed by searching for virulence and antibiotic resistance genes, as well as on the phenotypic evaluation, by testing hemolytic activity and antibiotic susceptibility, allowed us to identify the P. beninensis type strain as a safe potential probiotic microorganism. IMPORTANCE A comprehensive analysis of safety and functional features of six Weissella and Periweissella type strains was performed. Our data demonstrated the probiotic potential of these species, indicating the P. beninensis type strain as the best candidate based on its potential probiotic features and the safety assessment. The presence of different antimicrobial resistance profiles in the analyzed strains highlighted the need to establish cutoff values to perform a standardized safety evaluation of these species, which, in our opinion, should be mandatory on a strain-specific basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fanelli
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Montemurro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Michela Verni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Garbetta
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bavaro
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
| | - Daniele Chieffi
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
| | - Gyu-Sung Cho
- Max Rubner-Institut, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Vincenzina Fusco
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy
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Majait S, Nieuwdorp M, Kemper M, Soeters M. The Black Box Orchestra of Gut Bacteria and Bile Acids: Who Is the Conductor? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031816. [PMID: 36768140 PMCID: PMC9916144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades the potential role of the gut microbiome and bile acids in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been revealed, with a special reference to low bacterial alpha diversity. Certain bile acid effects on gut bacteria concern cytotoxicity, or in the case of the microbiome, bacteriotoxicity. Reciprocally, the gut microbiome plays a key role in regulating the bile acid pool by influencing the conversion and (de)conjugation of primary bile acids into secondary bile acids. Three main groups of bacterial enzymes responsible for the conversion of bile acids are bile salt hydrolases (BSHs), hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs) and enzymes encoded in the bile acid inducible (Bai) operon genes. Interventions such as probiotics, antibiotics and fecal microbiome transplantation can impact bile acids levels. Further evidence of the reciprocal interaction between gut microbiota and bile acids comes from a multitude of nutritional interventions including macronutrients, fibers, prebiotics, specific individual products or diets. Finally, anatomical changes after bariatric surgery are important because of their metabolic effects. The heterogeneity of studies, diseases, bacterial species and (epi)genetic influences such as nutrition may challenge establishing specific and detailed interventions that aim to tackle the gut microbiome and bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumia Majait
- Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kemper
- Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Soeters
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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