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Wei J, Liu B, Zhong R, Chen Y, Fang F, Huang X, Pang X, Zhang Z. Characterization of a longan pericarp browning related peroxidase with a focus on its role in proanthocyanidin and lignin polymerization. Food Chem 2024; 461:140937. [PMID: 39191036 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The longan pericarp turns brown dramatically after harvesting, but the mechanism is not well understood. In this work, two peroxidases were purified from longan pericarp and found to be identical to the class III peroxidases PRX53-2 and PRX53-3. In vitro, PRX53-2/3 catalyzed the browning of several pericarp abundant proanthocyanidin and lignin monomers, such as (-)-epicatechin (EC), (+)-catechin (CT) and coniferyl alcohol (ConA). PRX53-2 was upregulated and highly-expressed, while PRX53-3 was expressed at low levels after harvesting; thus, PRX53-2 was considered a browning-related gene. The reaction with both proanthocyanidin and lignin presented a greater degree of brown coloration compared to the single substrate reactions. Several procyanidins isomers, EC-ConA and CT-ConA were detected in the double-substrate reaction. These results not only demonstrate that the effects of PRX53-2 on proanthocyanidin and lignin polymerization may be crucial for longan pericarp browning, but also help in developing new strategies or preservatives to delay pericarp browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbin Wei
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Research on Fruit Trees, Guangzhou, 510640, China; College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables / Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ruihao Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables / Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables / Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables / Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuemei Huang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuequn Pang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables / Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources / Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruit and Vegetables / Engineering Research Center for Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops in South China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Xiao T, ShangGuan X, Wang Y, Tian Z, Peng K, Shen Z, Hu Z, Xia Y. The germin-like protein OsGLP8-7 is involved in lignin synthesis for acclimation to copper toxicity in rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 303:154335. [PMID: 39276756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Although copper (Cu) is an essential microelement for plant growth and development, excess Cu results in a dramatic reduction in crop yield and quality. In the present study, we report that rice germin-like protein 8-7 (OsGLP8-7) plays a crucial role against Cu toxicity. The results showed that the transcriptional expression of the OsGLP8-7 gene was remarkably upregulated in the root and leaf by Cu treatment. The depletion of OsGLP8-7 significantly decreased the elongation of the primary root and plant height of rice under excess Cu. This hypersensitivity of osglp8-7 mutants towards excess Cu may be attributed to the weaker Cu retention in the cell wall compared with wild-type rice (Dongjin, DJ). Consistently, Cu-induced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was compromised in osglp8-7 mutants based on RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR analysis. Furthermore, osglp8-7 mutants displayed a reduction of lignin deposition in the cell wall, and subsequently altered cell morphology. Osglp8-7 mutant lines also had higher Cu-induced O2•- and H2O2 levels than those of DJ under Cu stress. The results suggest that OsGLP8-7 participates in lignin synthesis for the acclimation to excess Cu. These findings provide a better understanding of a novel mechanism of germin-like proteins in the alleviation of heavy metal toxicity in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengwei Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiangchao ShangGuan
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhonghe Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kejian Peng
- Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhubing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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3
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Wang Y, Sun X, Peng J, Li F, Ali F, Wang Z. Regulation of seed germination: ROS, epigenetic, and hormonal aspects. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00225-X. [PMID: 38838783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The whole life of a plant is regulated by complex environmental or hormonal signaling networks that control genomic stability, environmental signal transduction, and gene expression affecting plant development and viability. Seed germination, responsible for the transformation from seed to seedling, is a key initiation step in plant growth and is controlled by unique physiological and biochemical processes. It is continuously modulated by various factors including epigenetic modifications, hormone transport, ROS signaling, and interaction among them. ROS showed versatile crucial functions in seed germination including various physiological oxidations to nucleic acid, protein, lipid, or chromatin in the cytoplasm, cell wall, and nucleus. AIM of review: This review intends to provide novel insights into underlying mechanisms of seed germination especially associated with the ROS, and considers how these versatile regulatory mechanisms can be developed as useful tools for crop improvement. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW We have summarized the generation and elimination of ROS during seed germination, with a specific focus on uncovering and understanding the mechanisms of seed germination at the level of phytohormones, ROS, and epigenetic switches, as well as the close connections between them. The findings exhibit that ROS plays multiple roles in regulating the ethylene, ABA, and GA homeostasis as well as the Ca2+ signaling, NO signaling, and MAPK cascade in seed germination via either the signal trigger or the oxidative modifier agent. Further, ROS shows the potential in the nuclear genome remodeling and some epigenetic modifiers function, although the detailed mechanisms are unclear in seed germination. We propose that ROS functions as a hub in the complex network regulating seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakong Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xiangyang Sun
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jun Peng
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, Hainan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, Hainan, China
| | - Faiza Ali
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, Hainan, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
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Yang J, Chen R, Xiang X, Liu W, Fan C. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Class III Peroxidase Gene Family under Abiotic Stresses in Litchi ( Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5804. [PMID: 38891992 PMCID: PMC11172018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Class III peroxidases (CIII PRXs) are plant-specific enzymes with high activity that play key roles in the catalysis of oxidation-reduction reactions. In plants, CIII PRXs can reduce hydrogen peroxide to catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions, thereby affecting plant growth, development, and stress responses. To date, no systematic analysis of the CIII PRX gene family in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) has been documented, although the genome has been reported. In this study, a total of 77 CIII PRX (designated LcPRX) gene family members were predicted in the litchi genome to provide a reference for candidate genes in the responses to abiotic stresses during litchi growth and development. All of these LcPRX genes had different numbers of highly conserved PRX domains and were unevenly distributed across fifteen chromosomes. They were further clustered into eight clades using a phylogenetic tree, and almost every clade had its own unique gene structure and motif distribution. Collinearity analysis confirmed that there were eleven pairs of duplicate genes among the LcPRX members, and segmental duplication (SD) was the main driving force behind the LcPRX gene expansion. Tissue-specific expression profiles indicated that the expression levels of all the LcPRX family members in different tissues of the litchi tree were significantly divergent. After different abiotic stress treatments, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the LcPRX genes responded to various stresses and displayed differential expression patterns. Physicochemical properties, transmembrane domains, subcellular localization, secondary structures, and cis-acting elements were also analyzed. These findings provide insights into the characteristics of the LcPRX gene family and give valuable information for further elucidating its molecular function and then enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in litchi through molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chao Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (J.Y.); (R.C.); (X.X.); (W.L.)
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5
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Xiao T, Feng S, Liu J, Wang Y, Shangguan X, Yu X, Shen Z, Hu Z, Xia Y. OsGLP8-7 interacts with OsPRX111 to detoxify excess copper in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108564. [PMID: 38555719 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Lignin is a phenolic biopolymer generated from phenylpropanoid pathway in the secondary cell wall and is required for defense of plants against various stress. Although the fact of stress-induced lignin deposition has been clearly demonstrated, it remains largely elusive how the formation of lignin is promoted under Cu stress. The present study showed that OsGLP8-7, an extracellular glycoprotein of rice (Oryza sativa L.), plays an important function against Cu stress. The loss function of OsGLP8-7 results in Cu sensitivity whereas overexpression of OsGLP8-7 scavenges Cu-induced superoxide anion (O2•-). OsGLP8-7 interacts with apoplastic peroxidase111 (OsPRX111) and elevates OsPRX111 stability when exposed to excess Cu. In OsGLP8-7 overexpressing (OE) lines, the retention of Cu within cell wall limiting Cu uptake into cytoplasm is attributed to the enhanced lignification required for Cu tolerance. Exogenous application of a lignin inhibitor can impair the Cu tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing OsGLP8-7. In addition, co-expression of OsGLP8-7 and OsPRX111 genes in tobacco leaves leads to an improved lignin deposition compared to leaves expressing each gene individually or the empty vector. Taken together, our findings provided the convincing evidences that the interaction between OsGLP8-7 and OsPRX111 facilitates effectively lignin polymerization, thereby contributing to Cu tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengwei Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shuhua Feng
- Heilongjiang Vocational College of Agricultural Engineering, Harbin, 150088, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiangchao Shangguan
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Center for Multi-Omics Research, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Ma M, Tang L, Sun R, Lyu X, Xie J, Fu Y, Li B, Chen T, Lin Y, Yu X, Chen W, Jiang D, Cheng J. An effector SsCVNH promotes the virulence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum through targeting class III peroxidase AtPRX71. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13464. [PMID: 38695733 PMCID: PMC11064801 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Many plant pathogens secrete effector proteins into the host plant to suppress host immunity and facilitate pathogen colonization. The necrotrophic pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes severe plant diseases and results in enormous economic losses, in which secreted proteins play a crucial role. SsCVNH was previously reported as a secreted protein, and its expression is significantly upregulated at 3 h after inoculation on the host plant. Here, we further demonstrated that deletion of SsCVNH leads to attenuated virulence. Heterologous expression of SsCVNH in Arabidopsis enhanced pathogen infection, inhibited the host PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) response and increased plant susceptibility to S. sclerotiorum. SsCVNH interacted with class III peroxidase AtPRX71, a positive regulator of innate immunity against plant pathogens. SsCVNH could also interact with other class III peroxidases, thus reducing peroxidase activity and suppressing plant immunity. Our results reveal a new infection strategy employed by S. sclerotiorum in which the fungus suppresses the function of class III peroxidases, the major component of PTI to promote its own infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Liguang Tang
- Wuhan Vegetable Research InstituteWuhan Academy of Agricultural ScienceWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Rui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xueliang Lyu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Jiatao Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yanping Fu
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Bo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Tao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yang Lin
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xiao Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Weidong Chen
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Daohong Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Jiasen Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural MicrobiologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
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Zhang T, Huang W, Zhang L, Li DZ, Qi J, Ma H. Phylogenomic profiles of whole-genome duplications in Poaceae and landscape of differential duplicate retention and losses among major Poaceae lineages. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3305. [PMID: 38632270 PMCID: PMC11024178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Poaceae members shared a whole-genome duplication called rho. However, little is known about the evolutionary pattern of the rho-derived duplicates among Poaceae lineages and implications in adaptive evolution. Here we present phylogenomic/phylotranscriptomic analyses of 363 grasses covering all 12 subfamilies and report nine previously unknown whole-genome duplications. Furthermore, duplications from a single whole-genome duplication were mapped to multiple nodes on the species phylogeny; a whole-genome duplication was likely shared by woody bamboos with possible gene flow from herbaceous bamboos; and recent paralogues of a tetraploid Oryza are implicated in tolerance of seawater submergence. Moreover, rho duplicates showing differential retention among subfamilies include those with functions in environmental adaptations or morphogenesis, including ACOT for aquatic environments (Oryzoideae), CK2β for cold responses (Pooideae), SPIRAL1 for rapid cell elongation (Bambusoideae), and PAI1 for drought/cold responses (Panicoideae). This study presents a Poaceae whole-genome duplication profile with evidence for multiple evolutionary mechanisms that contribute to gene retention and losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taikui Zhang
- Department of Biology, the Eberly College of Science, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weichen Huang
- Department of Biology, the Eberly College of Science, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Ji Qi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Biology, the Eberly College of Science, and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA.
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Zhao YW, Li WK, Wang CK, Sun Q, Wang WY, Huang XY, Xiang Y, Hu DG. MdPRX34L, a class III peroxidase gene, activates the immune response in apple to the fungal pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea. PLANTA 2024; 259:86. [PMID: 38453695 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION MdPRX34L enhanced resistance to Botryosphaeria dothidea by increasing salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) content as well as the expression of related defense genes. The class III peroxidase (PRX) multigene family is involved in complex biological processes. However, the molecular mechanism of PRXs in the pathogen defense of plants against Botryosphaeria dothidea (B. dothidea) remains unclear. Here, we cloned the PRX gene MdPRX34L, which was identified as a positive regulator of the defense response to B. dothidea, from the apple cultivar 'Royal Gala.' Overexpression of MdPRX34L in apple calli decreased sensitivity to salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid(ABA). Subsequently, overexpression of MdPRX34L in apple calli increased resistance to B. dothidea infection. In addition, SA contents and the expression levels of genes related to SA synthesis and signaling in apple calli overexpressing MdPRX34L were higher than those in the control after inoculation, suggesting that MdPRX34L enhances resistance to B. dothidea via the SA pathway. Interestingly, infections in apple calli by B. dothidea caused an increase in endogenous levels of ABA followed by induction of ABA-related genes expression. These findings suggest a potential mechanism by which MdPRX34L enhances plant-pathogen defense against B. dothidea by regulating the SA and ABA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Zhao
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wan-Kun Li
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Quan Sun
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology; Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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9
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Li S, Wang Y, Liu Y, Liu C, Xu W, Lu Y, Ye Z. Sucrose synthase gene SUS3 could enhance cold tolerance in tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1324401. [PMID: 38333039 PMCID: PMC10850397 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1324401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Tomatoes are susceptible to damage from cold temperatures in all stages of growth. Therefore, it is important to identify genetic resources and genes that can enhance tomato's ability to tolerate cold. In this study, a population of 223 tomato accessions was used to identify the sensitivity or tolerance of plants to cold stress. Transcriptome analysis of these accessions revealed that SUS3, a member of the sucrose synthase gene family, was induced by cold stress. We further investigated the role of SUS3 in cold stress by overexpression (OE) and RNA interference (RNAi). Compared with the wild type, SUS3-OE lines accumulated less MDA and electrolyte leakage and more proline and soluble sugar, maintained higher activities of SOD and CAT, reduced superoxide radicals, and suffered less membrane damage under cold. Thus, our findings indicate that SUS3 plays a crucial role in the response to cold stress. This study indicates that SUS3 may serve as a direct target for genetic engineering and improvement projects, which aim to augment the cold tolerance of tomato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouming Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization (Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops), College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Facility Horticulture Research Institute, Shihezi Academy of Agriculture Science, Shihezi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changhao Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization (Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops), College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yongen Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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10
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Sridhar PS, Vasquez V, Monteil-Rivera F, Allingham JS, Loewen MC. A peroxidase-derived ligand that induces Fusarium graminearum Ste2 receptor-dependent chemotropism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1287418. [PMID: 38239502 PMCID: PMC10794396 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1287418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The fungal G protein-coupled receptors Ste2 and Ste3 are vital in mediating directional hyphal growth of the agricultural pathogen Fusarium graminearum towards wheat plants. This chemotropism is induced by a catalytic product of peroxidases secreted by the wheat. Currently, the identity of this product, and the substrate it is generated from, are not known. Methods and results We provide evidence that a peroxidase substrate is derived from F. graminearum conidia and report a simple method to extract and purify the FgSte2-activating ligand for analyses by mass spectrometry. The mass spectra arising from t he ligand extract are characteristic of a 400 Da carbohydrate moiety. Consistent with this type of molecule, glycosidase treatment of F. graminearum conidia prior to peroxidase treatment significantly reduced the amount of ligand extracted. Interestingly, availability of the peroxidase substrate appears to depend on the presence of both FgSte2 and FgSte3, as knockout of one or the other reduces the chemotropism-inducing effect of the extracts. Conclusions While further characterization is necessary, identification of the F. graminearum-derived peroxidase substrate and the FgSte2-activating ligand will unearth deeper insights into the intricate mechanisms that underlie fungal pathogenesis in cereal crops, unveiling novel avenues for inhibitory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja S. Sridhar
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Vinicio Vasquez
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fanny Monteil-Rivera
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John S. Allingham
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Michele C. Loewen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resources Development, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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11
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Vodiasova E, Meger Y, Uppe V, Tsiupka V, Chelebieva E, Smykov A. Class III Peroxidases in the Peach ( Prunus persica): Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:127. [PMID: 38202438 PMCID: PMC10780707 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Class III peroxidases are plant-specific and play a key role in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as in plant growth and development. In this study, we investigated 60 POD genes from Prunus persica based on genomic and transcriptomic data available in NCBI and analysed the expression of individual genes with qPCR. Peroxidase genes were clustered into five subgroups using the phylogenetic analysis. Their exon-intron structure and conserved motifs were analysed. Analysis of the transcriptomic data showed that the expression of PpPOD genes varied significantly in different tissues, at different developmental stages and under different stress treatments. All genes were divided into low- and high-expressed genes, and the most highly expressed genes were identified for individual tissues (PpPOD12 and PpPOD42 in flower buds and PpPOD73, PpPOD12, PpPOD42, and PpPOD31 in fruits). The relationship between cold tolerance and the level of peroxidase expression was revealed. These studies were carried out for the first time in the peach and confirmed that chilling tolerance may be related to the specificity of antioxidant complex gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Vodiasova
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Yakov Meger
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Victoria Uppe
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Valentina Tsiupka
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Elina Chelebieva
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, 299011 Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Anatoly Smykov
- Federal State Funded Institution of Science “The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens—National Scientific Center of the RAS”, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia; (Y.M.); (V.U.); (V.T.); (E.C.); (A.S.)
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12
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Alonso MMP, Carrió-Seguí À, Tuominen H. Histochemical Detection of Peroxidase and Laccase Activities in Populus Secondary Xylem. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2722:139-148. [PMID: 37897606 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3477-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidases (PRXs) and laccases (LACs) are enzymes involved in catalyzing the oxidation of the lignin monomers to facilitate lignin polymerization. However, due to the large number of genes composing these two families of enzymes, many details regarding their specific localization are only partially understood. Here, we present a fast and easy histochemical method that makes use of the artificial substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to visualize PRX and LAC activities in the hybrid aspen (Populus tremula x P. tremuloides) xylem tissue. In addition, we describe a protocol that allows the detection of the PRX substrate, H2O2, using the nonfluorescent dye 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) in woody tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta-Marina Pérez Alonso
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Àngela Carrió-Seguí
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hannele Tuominen
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
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13
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Salih H, Bai W, Liang Y, Yang R, Zhao M, Muhammd SM, Zhang D, Li X. ROS scavenging enzyme-encoding genes play important roles in the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis response to extreme cold and desiccation stresses. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127778. [PMID: 37926320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress is one of the major environmental constraints limiting plant growth. Syntrichia caninervis is one of the unique plant models that can cope with harsh environments. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a vital signaling molecule for protecting plants from oxidative stress, but research on ROS in S. caninervis is limited. Here, we identified 112 ROS genes in S. caninervis, including 40 GSTs, 51 PODs, 9 SODs, 6 CATs, 3 GPXs and 3 APXs families. GO and KEGG analyses showed that ROS genes are involved in responses to various stimuli and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. ROS genes contain many stress-responsive and hormonal cis-elements in their promoter regions. More ROS genes were induced by cold stress than desiccation stress, and both conditions changed the transcript abundances of several ROS genes. CAT and POD, H2O2, MDA, and GSH were also induced under biotic stress, specifically CAT activity. The results indicated that the ScCAT genes and their activities could be strongly associated with the regulation of ROS production. This is the first systematic identification of ROS genes in S. caninervis and our findings contribute to further research into the roles of ScROS adjustment under abiotic stress while also providing excellent genetic resources for plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haron Salih
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830000 Urumqi, China
| | - Wenwan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830000 Urumqi, China
| | - RuiRui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Surayya Mustapha Muhammd
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830000 Urumqi, China
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830000 Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830000 Urumqi, China.
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14
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Sun C, Yang X, Gu Q, Jiang G, Shen L, Zhou J, Li L, Chen H, Zhang G, Zhang Y. Comprehensive analysis of nanoplastic effects on growth phenotype, nanoplastic accumulation, oxidative stress response, gene expression, and metabolite accumulation in multiple strawberry cultivars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165432. [PMID: 37437629 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as a novel environmental threat due to their potential impacts on both animals and plants. Currently, research on the ecotoxicity of NPs has mainly focused on marine aquatic organisms and freshwater algae, with very limited investigations conducted on horticultural plants. This study examined the effects of varying concentrations (0, 1, 10, 50 mg·L-1) of polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) on strawberry growth. The findings revealed that low concentrations of PS-NPs stimulated strawberry growth, whereas high concentrations impeded it. Notably, diverse strawberry cultivars displayed considerable differences in their sensitivity to PS-NP exposure. Laser scanning confocal microscopy confirmed the absorption of PS-NPs by strawberry roots, with variations in PS-NP accumulation observed across different cultivars. Comparative transcriptomics analysis suggested that the differential expression of genes responsible for calcium ion transport played a significant role in the observed intervarietal differences in PS-NP accumulation among strawberry cultivars. Furthermore, distinct variations in endogenous oxidative responses were observed in different strawberry cultivars under PS-NP treatment. Further analysis indicated that the down-regulation of peroxidase (POD) gene expression and terpenoid compounds accumulation were responsible for heightened endogenous oxidative stress observed in certain strawberry cultivars under PS-NP treatment. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed on six strawberry cultivars to investigate their response to PS-NPs in terms of endogenous gene expression and metabolite accumulation. The results identified one commonly up-regulated gene (wall-associated receptor kinase-like) and sixteen commonly down-regulated genes associated with lipid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. In addition, a significant reduction in fatty acid metabolite accumulation was observed in the six strawberry cultivars under PS-NP treatment. These findings have significant implications for understanding the effects of NPs on strawberry growth, metabolism, and antioxidant responses, as well as identifying marker genes for monitoring and evaluating the impact of NP pollution on strawberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chendong Sun
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qijuan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Microbiol Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Shen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiayan Zhou
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Long Li
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Jiande, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hexiu Chen
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Jiande, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Sáenz-de la O D, Morales LO, Strid Å, Feregrino-Perez AA, Torres-Pacheco I, Guevara-González RG. Antioxidant and drought-acclimation responses in UV-B-exposed transgenic Nicotiana tabacum displaying constitutive overproduction of H 2O 2. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2373-2387. [PMID: 37486529 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important molecule that regulates antioxidant responses that are crucial for plant stress resistance. Exposure to low levels of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-315 nm) can also activate antioxidant defenses and acclimation responses. However, how H2O2 and UV-B interact to promote stress acclimation remains poorly understood. In this work, a transgenic model of Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi nc, with elevated Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity, was used to study the interaction between the constitutive overproduction of H2O2 and a 14-day UV-B treatment (1.75 kJ m-2 d-1 biologically effective UV-B). Subsequently, these plants were subjected to a 7-day moderate drought treatment to evaluate the impact on drought resistance of H2O2- and UV-dependent stimulation of the plants' antioxidant system. The UV-B treatment enhanced H2O2 levels and altered the antioxidant status by increasing the epidermal flavonol index, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity, and catalase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities in the leaves. UV-B also retarded growth and suppressed acclimation responses in highly H2O2-overproducing transgenic plants. Plants not exposed to UV-B had a higher drought resistance in the form of higher relative water content of leaves. Our data associate the interaction between Mn-SOD transgene overexpression and the UV-B treatment with a stress response. Finally, we propose a hormetic biphasic drought resistance response curve as a function of leaf H2O2 content in N. tabacum cv Xanthi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sáenz-de la O
- School of Engineering, National Technological Institute of Mexico-Campus Roque, Guanajuato, México
| | - Luis O Morales
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Åke Strid
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - A Angélica Feregrino-Perez
- Basic and Applied Bioengineering Group, School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Querétaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, México
| | - Irineo Torres-Pacheco
- Center for Applied Research in Biosystems (CARB-CIAB), School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Querétaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ramón G Guevara-González
- Center for Applied Research in Biosystems (CARB-CIAB), School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Querétaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, Mexico.
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16
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Oh J, Choi JW, Jang S, Kim SW, Heo JO, Yoon EK, Kim SH, Lim J. Transcriptional control of hydrogen peroxide homeostasis regulates ground tissue patterning in the Arabidopsis root. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1242211. [PMID: 37670865 PMCID: PMC10475948 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1242211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, including higher plants, asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) play a crucial role in generating distinct cell types. The Arabidopsis root ground tissue initially has two layers: endodermis (inside) and cortex (outside). In the mature root, the endodermis undergoes additional ACDs to produce the endodermis itself and the middle cortex (MC), located between the endodermis and the pre-existing cortex. In the Arabidopsis root, gibberellic acid (GA) deficiency and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) precociously induced more frequent ACDs in the endodermis for MC formation. Thus, these findings suggest that GA and H2O2 play roles in regulating the timing and extent of MC formation. However, details of the molecular interaction between GA signaling and H2O2 homeostasis remain elusive. In this study, we identified the PEROXIDASE 34 (PRX34) gene, which encodes a class III peroxidase, as a molecular link to elucidate the interconnected regulatory network involved in H2O2- and GA-mediated MC formation. Under normal conditions, prx34 showed a reduced frequency of MC formation, whereas the occurrence of MC in prx34 was restored to nearly WT levels in the presence of H2O2. Our results suggest that PRX34 plays a role in H2O2-mediated MC production. Furthermore, we provide evidence that SCARECROW-LIKE 3 (SCL3) regulates H2O2 homeostasis by controlling transcription of PRX34 during root ground tissue maturation. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into how H2O2 homeostasis is achieved by SCL3 to ensure correct radial tissue patterning in the Arabidopsis root.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeong Oh
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Choi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejeong Jang
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woo Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ok Heo
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoon
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Lim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Yarullina L, Cherepanova EA, Burkhanova GF, Sorokan AV, Zaikina EA, Tsvetkov VO, Mardanshin IS, Fatkullin IY, Kalatskaja JN, Yalouskaya NA, Nikalaichuk VV. Stimulation of the Defense Mechanisms of Potatoes to a Late Blight Causative Agent When Treated with Bacillus subtilis Bacteria and Chitosan Composites with Hydroxycinnamic Acids. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1993. [PMID: 37630553 PMCID: PMC10458051 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytophthora infestans is, worldwide, one of the main causal agents of epiphytotics in potato plantings. Prevention strategies demand integrated pest management, including modeling of beneficial microbiomes of agroecosystems combining microorganisms and natural products. Chitooligosaccharides and their derivatives have great potential to be used by agrotechnology due to their ability to elicit plant immune reactions. The effect of combining Bacillus subtilis 26D and 11VM and conjugates of chitin with hydroxycinnamates on late blight pathogenesis was evaluated. Mechanisms for increasing the resistance of potato plants to Phytophthora infestans were associated with the activation of the antioxidant system of plants and an increase in the level of gene transcripts that encode PR proteins: basic protective protein (PR-1), thaumatin-like protein (PR-5), protease inhibitor (PR-6), and peroxidase (PR-9). The revealed activation of the expression of marker genes of systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance under the influence of the combined treatment of plants with B. subtilis and conjugates of chitin with hydroxycinnamates indicates that, in this case, the development of protective reactions in potato plants to late blight proceeds synergistically, where B. subtilis primes protective genes, and chitosan composites act as a trigger for their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov Yarullina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (E.A.C.); (G.F.B.); (A.V.S.); (E.A.Z.); (I.Y.F.)
- Department of Biology, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076 Ufa, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina A. Cherepanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (E.A.C.); (G.F.B.); (A.V.S.); (E.A.Z.); (I.Y.F.)
| | - Guzel F. Burkhanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (E.A.C.); (G.F.B.); (A.V.S.); (E.A.Z.); (I.Y.F.)
| | - Antonina V. Sorokan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (E.A.C.); (G.F.B.); (A.V.S.); (E.A.Z.); (I.Y.F.)
| | - Evgenia A. Zaikina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (E.A.C.); (G.F.B.); (A.V.S.); (E.A.Z.); (I.Y.F.)
| | | | - Ildar S. Mardanshin
- Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia;
| | - Ildus Y. Fatkullin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (E.A.C.); (G.F.B.); (A.V.S.); (E.A.Z.); (I.Y.F.)
| | - Joanna N. Kalatskaja
- Institute of Experimental Botany Named after V. F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (J.N.K.); (N.A.Y.)
| | - Ninel A. Yalouskaya
- Institute of Experimental Botany Named after V. F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (J.N.K.); (N.A.Y.)
| | - Victoria V. Nikalaichuk
- Institute of New Materials Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220141 Minsk, Belarus;
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18
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Gao C, Li C, Li Z, Liu Y, Li J, Guo J, Mao J, Fang F, Wang C, Deng X, Zheng Z. Comparative transcriptome profiling of susceptible and tolerant citrus species at early and late stage of infection by " Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus". FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1191029. [PMID: 37389294 PMCID: PMC10301834 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1191029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas), is the most destructive disease threatening global citrus industry. Most commercial cultivars were susceptible to HLB, although some showed tolerant to HLB phenotypically. Identifying tolerant citrus genotypes and understanding the mechanism correlated with tolerance to HLB is essential for breeding citrus variety tolerance/resistance to HLB. In this study, the graft assay with CLas-infected bud were performed in four citrus genotypes, including Citrus reticulata Blanco, C. sinensis, C. limon, and C. maxima. HLB tolerance was observed in C. limon and C. maxima, while C. Blanco and C. sinensis were susceptible to HLB. The time-course transcriptomic analysis revealed a significant variation in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to HLB between susceptible and tolerant cultivar group at early and late infection stage. Functional analysis of DEGs indicated that the activation of genes involved in SA-mediated defense response, PTI, cell wall associated immunity, endochitinase, phenylpropanoid and alpha-linolenic/linoleic lipid metabolism played an important in the tolerance of C. limon and C. maxima to HLB at early infection stage. In addition, the overactive plant defense combined with the stronger antibacterial activity (antibacterial secondary and lipid metabolism) and the suppression of pectinesterase were contributed to the long-term tolerance to HLB in C. limon and C. maxima at late infection stage. Particularly, the activation of ROS scavenging genes (catalases and ascorbate peroxidases) could help to reduce HLB symptoms in tolerant cultivars. In contrast, the overexpression of genes involved in oxidative burst and ethylene metabolism, as well as the late inducing of defense related genes could lead to the early HLB symptom development in susceptible cultivars at early infection stage. The weak defense response and antibacterial secondary metabolism, and the induce of pectinesterase were responsible for sensitivity to HLB in C. reticulata Blanco and C. sinensis at late infection stage. This study provided new insights into the tolerance/sensitivity mechanism against HLB and valuable guidance for breeding of HLB-tolerant/resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuixiao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoxin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiana Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Wang YY, Head DJ, Hauser BA. During Water Stress, Fertility Modulated by ROS Scavengers Abundant in Arabidopsis Pistils. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112182. [PMID: 37299161 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hours after watering plants with 75 mM NaCl, the water potential of reproductive structures precipitously decreases. In flowers with mature gametes, this change in water potential did not alter the rate of fertilization but caused 37% of the fertilized ovules to abort. We hypothesize that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ovules is an early physiological manifestation associated with seed failure. In this study, we characterize ROS scavengers that were differentially expressed in stressed ovules to determine whether any of these genes regulate ROS accumulation and/or associate with seed failure. Mutants in an iron-dependent superoxide dismutase (FSD2), ascorbate peroxidase (APX4), and three peroxidases (PER17, PER28, and PER29) were evaluated for changes in fertility. Fertility was unchanged in apx4 mutants, but the other mutants grown under normal conditions averaged a 140% increase in seed failure. In pistils, PER17 expression increases three-fold after stress, while the other genes decreased two-fold or more following stress; this change in expression accounts for differences in fertility between healthy and stressed conditions for different genotypes. In pistils, H2O2 levels rose in per mutants, but only in the triple mutant was there a significant increase, indicating that other ROS or their scavengers be involved in seed failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ying Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Donald J Head
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Bernard A Hauser
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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20
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Nidumolu LCM, Lorilla KM, Chakravarty I, Uhde-Stone C. Soybean Root Transcriptomics: Insights into Sucrose Signaling at the Crossroads of Nutrient Deficiency and Biotic Stress Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112117. [PMID: 37299096 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is an important agricultural crop, but nutrient deficiencies frequently limit soybean production. While research has advanced our understanding of plant responses to long-term nutrient deficiencies, less is known about the signaling pathways and immediate responses to certain nutrient deficiencies, such as Pi and Fe deficiencies. Recent studies have shown that sucrose acts as a long-distance signal that is sent in increased concentrations from the shoot to the root in response to various nutrient deficiencies. Here, we mimicked nutrient deficiency-induced sucrose signaling by adding sucrose directly to the roots. To unravel transcriptomic responses to sucrose acting as a signal, we performed Illumina RNA-sequencing of soybean roots treated with sucrose for 20 min and 40 min, compared to non-sucrose-treated controls. We obtained a total of 260 million paired-end reads, mapping to 61,675 soybean genes, some of which are novel (not yet annotated) transcripts. Of these, 358 genes were upregulated after 20 min, and 2416 were upregulated after 40 min of sucrose exposure. GO (gene ontology) analysis revealed a high proportion of sucrose-induced genes involved in signal transduction, particularly hormone, ROS (reactive oxygen species), and calcium signaling, in addition to regulation of transcription. In addition, GO enrichment analysis indicates that sucrose triggers crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristina Mae Lorilla
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
| | - Indrani Chakravarty
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
| | - Claudia Uhde-Stone
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
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21
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New J, Barsky D, Uhde-Stone C. ROS Consumers or Producers? Interpreting Transcriptomic Data by AlphaFold Modeling Provides Insights into Class III Peroxidase Functions in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098297. [PMID: 37176003 PMCID: PMC10179425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Participating in both biotic and abiotic stress responses, plant-specific class III peroxidases (PERs) show promise as candidates for crop improvement. The multigenic PER family is known to take part in diverse functions, such as lignin formation and defense against pathogens. Traditionally linked to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) consumption, PERs can also produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), essential in tissue development, pathogen defense and stress signaling. The amino acid sequences of both orthologues and paralogues of PERs are highly conserved, but discovering correlations between sequence differences and their functional diversity has proven difficult. By combining meta-analysis of transcriptomic data and sequence alignments, we discovered a correlation between three key amino acid positions and gene expression in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed evolutionary pressure on these amino acids toward stress responsiveness. Using AlphaFold modeling, we found unique interdomain and protein-heme interactions involving those key amino acids in stress-induced PERs. Plausibly, these structural interactions may act as "gate keepers" by preventing larger substrates from accessing the heme and thereby shifting PER function from consumption to the production of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James New
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
| | - Daniel Barsky
- Department of Physics, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
| | - Claudia Uhde-Stone
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
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22
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González-Gordo S, Muñoz-Vargas MA, Palma JM, Corpas FJ. Class III Peroxidases (POD) in Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.): Genome-Wide Identification and Regulation during Nitric Oxide (NO)-Influenced Fruit Ripening. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051013. [PMID: 37237879 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The class III peroxidases (PODs) catalyze the oxidation of several substrates coupled to the reduction of H2O2 to water, and play important roles in diverse plant processes. The POD family members have been well-studied in several plant species, but little information is available on sweet pepper fruit physiology. Based on the existing pepper genome, a total of 75 CaPOD genes have been identified, but only 10 genes were found in the fruit transcriptome (RNA-Seq). The time-course expression analysis of these genes showed that two were upregulated during fruit ripening, seven were downregulated, and one gene was unaffected. Furthermore, nitric oxide (NO) treatment triggered the upregulation of two CaPOD genes whereas the others were unaffected. Non-denaturing PAGE and in-gel activity staining allowed identifying four CaPOD isozymes (CaPOD I-CaPOD IV) which were differentially modulated during ripening and by NO. In vitro analyses of green fruit samples with peroxynitrite, NO donors, and reducing agents triggered about 100% inhibition of CaPOD IV. These data support the modulation of POD at gene and activity levels, which is in agreement with the nitro-oxidative metabolism of pepper fruit during ripening, and suggest that POD IV is a target for nitration and reducing events that lead to its inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador González-Gordo
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - María A Muñoz-Vargas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - José M Palma
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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23
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Su P, Sui C, Niu Y, Li J, Wang S, Sun F, Yan J, Guo S. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and functional characterization reveals that the class III peroxidase gene TaPRX-2A regulates drought stress tolerance in transgenic wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1119162. [PMID: 36875561 PMCID: PMC9976582 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1119162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress that reduces crop yields and quality worldwide. Although some genes involved in the response to drought stress have been identified, a more in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying wheat tolerance to drought is needed for the control of drought tolerance. Here, we evaluated the drought tolerance of 15 wheat cultivars and measured their physiological-biochemical parameters. Our data showed that the drought tolerance of the resistant wheat cultivars was significantly higher than that of drought-sensitive cultivars, which was associated with a greater antioxidant capacity of the former. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that different mechanisms of drought tolerance exist between the wheat cultivars Ziyou 5 and Liangxing 66. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed a large number of DEGs, including those involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, phytohormone signalling, phenolamides and antioxidants. qRT-PCR was performed, and the results showed that the expression levels of TaPRX-2A were significantly different among the various wheat cultivars under drought stress. Further study revealed that overexpression of TaPRX-2A enhanced tolerance to drought stress through the maintenance of increased antioxidase activities and reductions in ROS contents. Overexpression of TaPRX-2A also increased the expression levels of stress-related genes and ABA-related genes. Taken together, our findings show that flavonoids, phytohormones, phenolamides and antioxidants are involved in the plant response to drought stress and that TaPRX-2A is a positive regulator of this response. Our study provides insights into tolerance mechanisms and highlights the potential of TaPRX-2A overexpression in enhancing drought tolerance in crop improvement programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisen Su
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Chao Sui
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yufei Niu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shuhan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Fanting Sun
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Huang-Huai-Hai Smart Agricultural Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Shangjing Guo
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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24
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Wang M, Zhang H, Zhao X, Zhou J, Qin G, Liu Y, Kou X, Zhao Z, Wu T, Zhu JK, Feng X, Li L. SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS81 regulates root meristem activity and stem cell niche maintenance via ROS signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1365-1382. [PMID: 36427205 PMCID: PMC9922426 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Root growth and development depend on continuous cell division and differentiation in root tips. In these processes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role as signaling molecules. However, few ROS signaling regulators have been identified. In this study, we found knockdown of a syntaxin gene, SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS81 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSYP81) resulted in a severe reduction in root meristem activity and disruption of root stem cell niche (SCN) identity. Subsequently, we found AtSYP81 was highly expressed in roots and localized on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Interestingly, the reduced expression of AtSYP81 conferred a decreased number of peroxisomes in root meristem cells, raising a possibility that AtSYP81 regulates root development through peroxisome-mediated ROS production. Further transcriptome analysis revealed that class III peroxidases, which are responsible for intracellular ROS homeostasis, showed significantly changed expression in the atsyp81 mutants and AtSYP81 overexpression lines, adding evidence of the regulatory role of AtSYP81 in ROS signaling. Accordingly, rescuing the decreased ROS level via applying ROS donors effectively restored the defects in root meristem activity and SCN identity in the atsyp81 mutants. APETALA2 (AP2) transcription factors PLETHORA1 and 2 (PLT1 and PLT2) were then established as the downstream effectors in this pathway, while potential crosstalk between ROS signaling and auxin signaling was also indicated. Taken together, our findings suggest that AtSYP81 regulates root meristem activity and maintains root SCN identity by controlling peroxisome- and peroxidase-mediated ROS homeostasis, thus both broadening and deepening our understanding of the biological roles of SNARE proteins and ROS signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guochen Qin
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaoyue Kou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Center for Advanced Bioindustry Technologies, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xianzhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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25
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Kalın R. One‐Step Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of A Novel Peroxidase Enzyme from Jerusalem Artichoke (
Helianthus Tuberosus
L.). ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Kalın
- Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Science Erzurum Technical University Erzurum 25100 Türkiye
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26
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Tarkowski ŁP, Signorelli S, Considine MJ, Montrichard F. Integration of reactive oxygen species and nutrient signalling to shape root system architecture. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:379-390. [PMID: 36479711 PMCID: PMC10107350 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Yield losses due to nutrient deficiency are estimated as the primary cause of the yield gap worldwide. Understanding how plant roots perceive external nutrient status and elaborate morphological adaptations in response to it is necessary to develop reliable strategies to increase crop yield. In the last decade, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were shown to be key players of the mechanisms underlying root responses to nutrient limitation. ROS contribute in multiple ways to shape the root system in response to nutritional cues, both as direct effectors acting on cell wall architecture and as second messengers in signalling pathways. Here, we review the mutual interconnections existing between perception and signalling of the most common forms of the major macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), and ROS in shaping plant root system architecture. We discuss recent advances in dissecting the integration of these elements and their impact on morphological traits of the root system, highlighting the functional ductility of ROS and enzymes implied in ROS metabolism, such as class III peroxidases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Food and Plant Biology group, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de AgronomíaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay
| | - Michael J. Considine
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
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27
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Parveen N, Kandhol N, Sharma S, Singh VP, Chauhan DK, Ludwig-Müller J, Corpas FJ, Tripathi DK. Auxin Crosstalk with Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Plant Development and Abiotic Stress. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1814-1825. [PMID: 36208156 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin acts as an important signaling molecule having regulatory functions during the growth and development of plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also known to perform signaling functions at low concentrations; however, over-accumulation of ROS due to various environmental stresses damages the biomolecules and cell structures and leads to cell death, and therefore, it can be said that ROS act as a double-edged sword. Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous signaling molecule, performs a wide range of favorable roles in plants. NO displays its positive role in photomorphogenesis, root growth, leaf expansion, seed germination, stomatal closure, senescence, fruit maturation, mitochondrial activity and metabolism of iron. Studies have revealed the early existence of these crucial molecules during evolution. Moreover, auxin, ROS and NO together show their involvement in various developmental processes and abiotic stress tolerance. Redox signaling is a primary response during exposure of plants to stresses and shows a link with auxin signaling. This review provides updated information related to crosstalk between auxin, ROS and NO starting from their evolution during early Earth periods and their interaction in plant growth and developmental processes as well as in the case of abiotic stresses to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Parveen
- Department of Botany, D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211002, India
| | - Nidhi Kandhol
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj-211004, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Laboratory, CMP, Degree Collage, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211002, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- Department of Botany, D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211002, India
| | - Jutta Ludwig-Müller
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Professor Albareda, 1, Granada 18008, Spain
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
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28
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Shen K, Qu M, Zhao P. The Roads to Haploid Embryogenesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:243. [PMID: 36678955 PMCID: PMC9865920 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Although zygotic embryogenesis is usually studied in the field of seed biology, great attention has been paid to the methods used to generate haploid embryos due to their applications in crop breeding. These mainly include two methods for haploid embryogenesis: in vitro microspore embryogenesis and in vivo haploid embryogenesis. Although microspore culture systems and maize haploid induction systems were discovered in the 1960s, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying haploid formation. In recent years, major breakthroughs have been made in in vivo haploid induction systems, and several key factors, such as the matrilineal (MTL), baby boom (BBM), domain of unknown function 679 membrane protein (DMP), and egg cell-specific (ECS) that trigger in vivo haploid embryo production in both the crops and Arabidopsis models have been identified. The discovery of these haploid inducers indicates that haploid embryogenesis is highly related to gamete development, fertilization, and genome stability in ealry embryos. Here, based on recent efforts to identify key players in haploid embryogenesis and to understand its molecular mechanisms, we summarize the different paths to haploid embryogenesis, and we discuss the mechanisms of haploid generation and its potential applications in crop breeding. Although these haploid-inducing factors could assist egg cells in bypassing fertilization to initiate embryogenesis or trigger genome elimination in zygotes after fertilization to form haploid embryos, the fertilization of central cells to form endosperms is a prerequisite step for haploid formation. Deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms for haploid embryogenesis, increasing the haploid induction efficiency, and establishing haploid induction systems in other crops are critical for promoting the application of haploid technology in crop breeding, and these should be addressed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Mengxue Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
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Leong R, Tan JJ, Koh SS, Wu TY, Ishizaki K, Urano D. G protein signaling and metabolic pathways as evolutionarily conserved mechanisms to combat calcium deficiency. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:615-630. [PMID: 36266966 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) deficiency causes necrotic symptoms of foliar edges known as tipburn; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms have been poorly understood due to the lack of an ideal plant model and research platform. Using a phenotyping system that quantitates growth and tipburn traits in the model bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha, we evaluated metabolic compounds and the Gβ-null mutant (gpb1) that modulate the occurrence and expansion of the tipburn. Transcriptomic comparisons between wild-type and gpb1 plants revealed the phenylalanine/phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) important for Ca deficiency responses. gpb1 plants reduced ROS production possibly through transcriptomic regulations of class III peroxidases and induced the expression of phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes without changing downstream lignin contents. Supplementation of intermediate metabolites and chemical inhibitors further confirmed the cell-protective mechanisms of the phenylpropanoid and ROS pathways. Marchantia polymorpha, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Lactuca sativa showed comparable transcriptomic changes where genes related to phenylpropanoid and ROS pathways were enriched in response to Ca deficiency. In conclusion, our study demonstrated unresolved signaling and metabolic pathways of Ca deficiency response. The phenotyping platform can speed up the discovery of chemical and genetic pathways, which could be widely conserved between M. polymorpha and angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richalynn Leong
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Ltd, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, 117558, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Javier Jingheng Tan
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Ltd, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Sally Shuxian Koh
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Ltd, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, 117558, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Ting-Ying Wu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Ltd, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Kimitsune Ishizaki
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Urano
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Ltd, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, 117604, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, 117558, Singapore City, Singapore
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, 117583, Singapore City, Singapore
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30
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Czégény G, Rácz A. Phenolic peroxidases: Dull generalists or purposeful specialists in stress responses? JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153884. [PMID: 36543063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on class III peroxidases (POD) (EC 1.11.1.7) as regulators of cellular H2O2 levels in leaves under oxidative stress. The effective regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations in plant tissues is crucial for plant survival, and has been extensively reviewed. However, the majority of studies regard POD as a generalist without substrate specificity. This is partly due to the fact that laboratory protocols assessing POD levels use substrates, which are not contained in plants. Here, we show that both base- and stress-inducible POD activity depends on the choice of substrate. Moreover, the application of diverse substrates, particularly those contained in plants, unmasks POD isoenzymes that are distinguished by substrate preferences. This functional heterogeneity of POD responses is worth studying, especially in parallel with stress-induced changes in the phenolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Czégény
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7633, Ifjúság útja 6, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Arnold Rácz
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7633, Ifjúság útja 6, Pécs, Hungary.
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31
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Zhang X, Bian A, Li T, Ren L, Li L, Su Y, Zhang Q. ROS and calcium oscillations are required for polarized root hair growth. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2106410. [PMID: 35938584 PMCID: PMC9359386 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2106410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are filamentous extensions from epidermis of plant roots with growth limited to the apical dome. Cell expansion undergoes tightly regulated processes, including the coordination between cell wall loosening and cell wall crosslinking, to form the final shape and size. Tip-focused gradients and oscillations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) together with calcium ions (Ca2+) as indispensable regulated mechanisms control rapid and polarized elongation of root hair cells. ROS homeostasis mediated by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, known as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs), and class III cell wall peroxidases (PRXs), modulates cell wall properties during cell expansion. The expression levels of RBOHC, an NADPH oxidase that produces ROS, and class III PRXs are directly upregulated by ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE SIX-LIKE 4 (RSL4), encoding a basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, to modulate root hair elongation. Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), as central regulators of Ca2+ oscillations, also regulate root hair extension. Here, we review how the gradients and oscillations of Ca2+ and ROS interact to promote the expansion of root hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ang Bian
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Teng Li
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lifei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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32
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Jeong YJ, Kim YC, Lee JS, Kim DG, Lee JH. Reduced Expression of PRX2/ ATPRX1, PRX8, PRX35, and PRX73 Affects Cell Elongation, Vegetative Growth, and Vasculature Structures in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3353. [PMID: 36501391 PMCID: PMC9740967 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Class III peroxidases (PRXs) are involved in a broad spectrum of physiological and developmental processes throughout the life cycle of plants. However, the specific function of each PRX member in the family remains largely unknown. In this study, we selected four class III peroxidase genes (PRX2/ATPRX1, PRX8, PRX35, and PRX73) from a previous genome-wide transcriptome analysis, and performed phenotypic and morphological analyses, including histochemical staining, in PRX2RNAi, PRX8RNAi, PRX35RNAi, and PRX73RNAi plants. The reduced mRNA levels of corresponding PRX genes in PRX2RNAi, PRX8RNAi, PRX35RNAi, and PRX73RNAi seedlings resulted in elongated hypocotyls and roots, and slightly faster vegetative growth. To investigate internal structural changes in the vasculature, we performed histochemical staining, which revealed alterations in cell wall structures in the main vasculature of hypocotyls, stems, and roots of each PRXRNAi plant compared to wild-type (Col-0) plants. Furthermore, we found that PRX35RNAi plants displayed the decrease in the cell wall in vascular regions, which are involved in downregulation of lignin biosynthesis and biosynthesis-regulated genes' expression. Taken together, these results indicated that the reduced expression levels of PRX2/ATPRX1, PRX8, PRX35, and PRX73 affected hypocotyl and root elongation, vegetative growth, and the vasculature structures in hypocotyl, stem, and root tissues, suggesting that the four class III PRX genes play roles in plant developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jeong Jeong
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Cheon Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - June Seung Lee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gwan Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Wang Q, Peng X, Lang D, Ma X, Zhang X. Physio-biochemical and transcriptomic analysis reveals that the mechanism of Bacillus cereus G2 alleviated oxidative stress of salt-stressed Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114264. [PMID: 36334340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress severely affects the growth and productivity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Our previous research found that the endophyte Bacillus cereus G2 alleviated the osmotic and oxidative stress in G. uralensis exposed to salinity. However, the mechanism is still unclear. Here, a pot experiment was conducted to analyse the change in parameters related to osmotic adjustment and antioxidant metabolism by G2 in salt-stressed G. uralensis at the physio-biochemistry and transcriptome levels. The results showed that G2 significantly increased proline content by 48 %, glycine betaine content by 75 % due to activated expression of BADH1, and soluble sugar content by 77 % due to upregulated expression of α-glucosidase and SS, which might help to decrease the cell osmotic potential, enable the cell to absorb water, and stabilize the cell's protein and membrane structure, thereby alleviating osmotic stress. Regarding antioxidant metabolism, G2 significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 27 %, which might be ascribed to the increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity that facilitated the decrease in the superoxide radical (O2‾) production rate; it also increased the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), which helped stabilize the normal level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). G2 also increased glutathione (GSH) content by 65 % due to increased glutathione reductase (GR) activity and GSH/GSSG ratio, but G2 decreased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content by 13 % due to decreased activity of dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), which could provide sufficient substrates for the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle to eliminate excess H2O2 that was not cleared in a timely manner by the antioxidant enzyme system. Taken together, G2 alleviated osmotic stress by increasing proline, soluble sugar, and glycine betaine contents and alleviated oxidative stress by the synergistic effect of antioxidant enzymes and the AsA-GSH cycle. Therefore, the results may be useful for explaining the mechanism by which endophyte inoculation regulates the salt tolerance of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueying Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Duoyong Lang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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34
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Surgun-Acar Y. Response of soybean (Glycine max L.) seedlings to polystyrene nanoplastics: Physiological, biochemical, and molecular perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120262. [PMID: 36162560 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Micro and nanoplastics are new generation contaminants of global concern. It is important to evaluate the effects on edible products due to the presence of micro- and nano-sized plastics in the treated wastewater. A hydroponic experiment was carried out to explore the effect of polsytrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs; 20 nm) at different concentrations (0, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg L-1) on Glycine max L. (soybean) seedlings for 7-days. In the current study, firstly the uptake of PS-NPs by Glycine max L. (soybean) roots were confirmed by laser confocal scanning microscope. Exposure to PS-NPs, negatively affected growth parameters and increased Fe, Zn and Mn contents in roots and leaves of soybean seedlings. PS-NPs treatments caused oxidative stress in soybean seedlings. The hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents, showed similar increase pattern in seedlings exposed to PS-NPs. Response to PS-NPs, the level of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase) and proline content were generally enhanced in roots and leaves of soybean. The expression level of stress-related genes examined in the study included CSD5, FSD3, APX1, and POD up-regulated in PS-NPs treated-soybean seedlings in a tissue specific manner. The results of the present study showed the adverse effects of PS-NPs on soybean seedlings, which may have important implications for the risk assessment of NPs on crop production and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonca Surgun-Acar
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey.
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35
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Liu J, Zhi L, Zhang N, Zhang W, Meng D, Batool A, Ren X, Ji J, Niu Y, Li R, Li J, Song L. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the contribution of QMrl-7B to wheat root growth and development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1062575. [PMID: 36457528 PMCID: PMC9706392 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1062575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Roots are the major organs for water and nutrient acquisition and substantially affect plant growth, development and reproduction. Improvements to root system architecture are highly important for the increased yield potential of bread wheat. QMrl-7B, a major stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) that controls maximum root length (MRL), essentially contributes to an improved root system in wheat. To further analyze the biological functions of QMrl-7B in root development, two sets of Triticum aestivum near-isogenic lines (NILs), one with superior QMrl-7B alleles from cultivar Kenong 9204 (KN9204) named NILKN9204 and another with inferior QMrl-7B alleles from cultivar Jing 411 (J411) named NILJ411, were subjected to transcriptomic analysis. Among all the mapped genes analyzed, 4871 genes were identified as being differentially expressed between the pairwise NILs under different nitrogen (N) conditions, with 3543 genes expressed under normal-nitrogen (NN) condition and 2689 genes expressed under low-nitrogen (LN) condition. These genes encode proteins that mainly include N O 3 - transporters, phytohormone signaling components and transcription factors (TFs), indicating the presence of a complex regulatory network involved in root determination. In addition, among the 13524 LN-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected in this study, 4308 and 2463 were specifically expressed in the NILKN9204 and NILJ411, respectively. These DEGs reflect different responses of the two sets of NILs to varying N supplies, which likely involve LN-induced root growth. These results explain the better-developed root system and increased root vitality conferred by the superior alleles of QMrl-7B and provide a deeper understanding of the genetic underpinnings of root traits, pointing to a valuable locus suitable for future breeding efforts for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Liu
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liya Zhi
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Deyuan Meng
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aamana Batool
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Ren
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- The College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ji
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yanxiao Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Junming Li
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liqiang Song
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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36
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Chen S, Shi F, Li C, Sun Q, Ruan Y. Quantitative proteomics analysis of tomato root cell wall proteins in response to salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1023388. [PMID: 36407585 PMCID: PMC9666776 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1023388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall proteins perform diverse cellular functions in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. To elucidate the possible mechanisms of salt-stress tolerance in tomato. The 30 d seedlings of two tomato genotypes with contrasting salt tolerances were transplanted to salt stress (200 mM NaCl) for three days, and then, the cell wall proteins of seedling roots were analyzed by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). There were 82 and 81 cell wall proteins that changed significantly in the salt-tolerant tomato IL8-3 and the salt-sensitive tomato M82, respectively. The proteins associated with signal transduction and alterations to cell wall polysaccharides were increased in both IL8-3 and M82 cells wall in response to salt stress. In addition, many different or even opposite metabolic changes occurred between IL8-3 and M82 in response to salt stress. The salt-tolerant tomato IL8-3 experienced not only significantly decreased in Na+ accumulation but also an obviously enhanced in regulating redox balance and cell wall lignification in response to salt stress. Taken together, these results provide novel insight for further understanding the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Quan Sun
- *Correspondence: Yanye Ruan, ; Quan Sun,
| | - Yanye Ruan
- *Correspondence: Yanye Ruan, ; Quan Sun,
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37
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Li YS, Wang B, Zhao Y, Gao XF. Simultaneous quantification of peroxidase/ascorbate in vegetables with slope and intercept of kinetic curves in a flow-injection recirculating-catalysis system. Food Chem 2022; 388:133053. [PMID: 35483291 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In using a flow-injection recirculating-catalysis system developed by us to research the simultaneous quantification for peroxidase and ascorbate, it was discovered that the concentrations of peroxidase activity and ascorbate are correlative with the slope and the negative intercept of the linear response curve during a peroxidase-catalyzed kinetic course. Therefore, based on this finding, a new analytical method and a simplified equation for quantifying the peroxidase activity concentration were proposed, Then, test conditions were optimized, finally the use of the method has realized the simultaneous determination for peroxidase of 2-40 U/L and ascorbate of 0.4-12 mg/L in various vegetables (60 μL). The assayed results were consistent with the comparison method, in which the repeatability (RSD < 1.43%, n = 11) was satisfactory. Another important conclusion obtained in this study is that the determination of the peroxidase activity in biosamples must use the kinetic curve method for fear of the influence from the ascorbate's lag phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sheng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Ben Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Gao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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38
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Islam T, Reddy MK. Evaluation of Cd2+ stress tolerance in transgenic rice overexpressing PgGPx gene that maintains cellular ion and reactive oxygen species homeostasis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273974. [PMID: 36067138 PMCID: PMC9447883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-essential toxic heavy metal like cadmium (Cd2+) interferes with the plant growth and development in many ways. Cd2+ travels via plant transportation system, specifically through xylem and may integrate into the food chain causing unfavorable condition in human health. Therefore, strategies to develop Cd2+ tolerance and less accumulation in the plant system require urgent attention. Peroxidase gene family is known for metal ions transportation including Cd2+ and thus plays an important role in ion homeostasis. Previously, we have reported the presence of a Cd2+ dependent functional peroxiredoxin from Pennisetum glaucum (PgGPx). The present study elucidates the role of this PgGPx against Cd2+ stress in rice. The transcript levels of PgGPx were found to be highly upregulated in response to exogenous Cd2+. Moreover, recombinant PgGPx protein showed significant glutathione S-transferase activity in vitro. Ectopically expressed PgGPx in transgenic rice plants showed tolerance towards Cd2+ stress as demonstrated by several physiological indices including shoot and root length, biomass, chlorophyll, and hydrogen peroxide content. Moreover, these transgenic plants also showed enhanced capability to cope up with oxidative stress by enhancing the activity of different antioxidant enzymes including Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Glutathione peroxidase, Glutathione reductase) in response to Cd2+. Hence, maintenance of cellular ion homeostasis and modulation of reactive oxygen species-scavenging pathway are found to be improved by overexpression of PgGPx under Cd2+ stress. These results will pave the way to develop strategies for engineering Cd2+ stress tolerance in economically important crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmina Islam
- Crop Improvement Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
| | - M. K. Reddy
- Crop Improvement Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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39
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Cheng L, Ma L, Meng L, Shang H, Cao P, Jin J. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the Class III Peroxidase Gene Family in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Front Genet 2022; 13:916867. [PMID: 35769995 PMCID: PMC9234461 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.916867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Class III peroxidases (PODs) are plant-specific enzymes that play significant roles in plant physiological processes and stress responses. However, a comprehensive analysis of the POD gene family in tobacco has not yet been conducted. In this study, 210 non-redundant POD gene members (NtPODs) were identified in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and distributed unevenly throughout 24 tobacco chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis clustered these genes into six subgroups (I-VI). Gene structure and motif analyses showed the structural and functional diversity among the subgroups. Segmental duplication and purifying selection were the main factors affecting NtPOD gene evolution. Our analyses also suggested that NtPODs might be regulated by miRNAs and cis-acting regulatory elements of transcription factors that are involved in various biological processes. In addition, the expression patterns in different tissues and under various stress treatments were investigated. The results showed that the majority of NtPODs had tissue-specific expression patterns and may be involved in many biotic and abiotic responses. qRT-PCR analyses of different tissues and stress treatments were performed to verify transcriptome patterns. Expression of a green fluorescent protein-NtPOD fusion confirmed the plasma membrane localization of NtPOD121 and NtPOD4. Furthermore, 3D structures provided evidences of membrane-bound peroxidase. These findings provide useful information to better understand the evolution of the NtPOD gene family and lay the foundation for further studies on POD gene function in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtong Cheng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lanxin Ma
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijun Meng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haihong Shang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peijian Cao
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjing Jin, ; Peijian Cao,
| | - Jingjing Jin
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjing Jin, ; Peijian Cao,
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Yao Y, Yuan H, Wu G, Ma C, Gong Z. Proteome Analysis of the Soybean Nodule Phosphorus Response Mechanism and Characterization of Stress-Induced Ribosome Structural and Protein Expression Changes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:908889. [PMID: 35755677 PMCID: PMC9218819 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.908889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In agroecosystems, a plant-usable form of nitrogen is mainly generated by legume-based biological nitrogen fixation, a process that requires phosphorus (P) as an essential nutrient. To investigate the physiological mechanism whereby phosphorus influences soybean nodule nitrogen fixation, soybean root nodules were exposed to four phosphate levels: 1 mg/L (P stress), 11 mg/L (P stress), 31 mg/L (Normal P), and 61 mg/L (High P) then proteome analysis of nodules was conducted to identify phosphorus-associated proteome changes. We found that phosphorus stress-induced ribosomal protein structural changes were associated with altered key root nodule protein synthesis profiles. Importantly, up-regulated expression of peroxidase was observed as an important phosphorus stress-induced nitrogen fixation-associated adaptation that supported two nodule-associated activities: scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell wall growth. In addition, phosphorus transporter (PT) and purple acid phosphatase (PAPs) were up-regulated that regulated phosphorus transport and utilization to maintain phosphorus balance and nitrogen fixation function in phosphorus-stressed root nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Yao
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Postdoctoral Programme, Harbin, China
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hongmei Yuan
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Guangwen Wu
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Ma
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenping Gong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Tissue-specific enhancement of OsRNS1 with root-preferred expression is required for the increase of crop yield. J Adv Res 2022; 42:69-81. [PMID: 35609869 PMCID: PMC9788951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Root development is a fundamental process that supports plant survival and crop productivity. One of the essential factors to consider when developing biotechnology crops is the selection of a promoter that can optimize the spatial-temporal expression of introduced genes. However, there are insufficient cases of suitable promoters in crop plants, including rice. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to verify the usefulness of a new rice root-preferred promoter to optimize the function of a target gene with root-preferred expression in rice. METHODS osrns1 mutant had defects in root development based on T-DNA insertional mutant screening and CRISPR technology. To optimize the function of OsRNS1, we generated OsRNS1-overexpression plants under two different promoters: a whole-plant expression promoter and a novel root-preferred expression promoter. Root growth, yield-related agronomic traits, RNA-seq, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were analyzed for comparison. RESULTS OsRNS1 was found to be involved in root development through T-DNA insertional mutant analysis and gene editing mutant analysis. To understand the gain of function of OsRNS1, pUbi1::OsRNS1 was generated for the whole-plant expression, and both root growth defects and overall growth defects were found. To overcome this problem, a root-preferential overexpression line using Os1-CysPrxB promoter (Per) was generated and showed an increase in root length, plant height, and grain yield compared to wild-type (WT). RNA-seq analysis revealed that the response to oxidative stress-related genes was significantly up-regulated in both overexpression lines but was more obvious in pPer::OsRNS1. Furthermore, ROS levels in the roots were drastically decreased in pPer::OsRNS1 but were increased in the osrns1 mutants compared to WT. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the use of a root-preferred promoter effectively optimizes the function of OsRNS1 and is a useful strategy for improving root-related agronomic traits as well as ROS regulation.
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Lu F, Duan W, Cui Y, Zhang J, Zhu D, Zhang M, Yan Y. 2D-DIGE based proteome analysis of wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium 7XL/7DS translocation line under drought stress. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:369. [PMID: 35568798 PMCID: PMC9107758 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Drought stress is the most limiting factor for plant growth and crop production worldwide. As a major cereal crop, wheat is susceptible to drought. Thus, discovering and utilizing drought-tolerant gene resources from related species are highly important for improving wheat drought resistance. In this study, the drought tolerance of wheat Zhongmai 8601-Thinopyrum intermedium 7XL/7DS translocation line YW642 was estimated under drought stress, and then two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) based proteome analysis of the developing grains was performed to uncover the drought-resistant proteins. Results The results showed that 7XL/7DS translocation possessed a better drought-tolerance compared to Zhongmai 8601. 2D-DIGE identified 146 differential accumulation protein (DAP) spots corresponding to 113 unique proteins during five grain developmental stages of YW642 under drought stress. Among them, 55 DAP spots corresponding to 48 unique proteins displayed an upregulated expression, which were mainly involved in stress/defense, energy metabolism, starch metabolism, protein metabolism/folding and transport. The cis-acting element analysis revealed that abundant stress-related elements were present in the promoter regions of the drought-responsive protein genes, which could play important roles in drought defense. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analyses revealed that some regulated DAP genes also showed a high expression level in response to drought stress. Conclusions Our results indicated that Wheat-Th. intermedium 7XL/7DS translocation line carried abundant drought-resistant proteins that had potential application values for wheat drought tolerance improvement. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08599-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkun Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wenjing Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yue Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (College of Tree Peony), Heze University, 2269 Daxue Road, Heze, 274015, Shandong, China.
| | - Yueming Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Chemical and Molecular Characterization of Wound-Induced Suberization in Poplar (Populus alba × P. tremula) Stem Bark. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091143. [PMID: 35567144 PMCID: PMC9102228 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Upon mechanical damage, plants produce wound responses to protect internal tissues from infections and desiccation. Suberin, a heteropolymer found on the inner face of primary cell walls, is deposited in specific tissues under normal development, enhanced under abiotic stress conditions and synthesized by any tissue upon mechanical damage. Wound-healing suberization of tree bark has been investigated at the anatomical level but very little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this important stress response. Here, we investigated a time course of wound-induced suberization in poplar bark. Microscopic changes showed that polyphenolics accumulate 3 days post wounding, with aliphatic suberin deposition observed 5 days post wounding. A wound periderm was formed 9 days post wounding. Chemical analyses of the suberin polyester accumulated during the wound-healing response indicated that suberin monomers increased from 0.25 to 7.98 mg/g DW for days 0 to 28, respectively. Monomer proportions varied across the wound-healing process, with an overall ratio of 2:1 (monomers:glycerol) found across the first 14 days post wounding, with this ratio increasing to 7:2 by day 28. The expression of selected candidate genes of poplar suberin metabolism was investigated using qRT-PCR. Genes queried belonging to lipid polyester and phenylpropanoid metabolism appeared to have redundant functions in native and wound-induced suberization. Our data show that, anatomically, the wounding response in poplar bark is similar to that described in periderms of other species. It also provides novel insight into this process at the chemical and molecular levels, which have not been previously studied in trees.
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Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 1 Is Essential for Primary-Root Growth at Low-Sucrose Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094540. [PMID: 35562931 PMCID: PMC9100158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant roots are essential organs for absorbing nutrients from the soil or medium. Sucrose functions as a vital carbon source in root development, and sucrose starvation interferes with the redox state of plant cells. However, the mechanism of root growth at sucrose starvation remains unclear. Here, we report that SHMT1 (serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1) plays a crucial role in primary-root growth. SHMT1 mutation caused decreased sugar levels, excessive H2O2 accumulation, and severe root-growth arrest at sucrose-free conditions, whereas plants with SHMT1 overexpression had increased sugar and decreased H2O2 levels, and longer primary roots. Sucrose supply fully restored root growth of shm1-2, but CO2 alone could not, and SHMT1 is much more stable in roots than shoots at sucrose conditions, suggesting that SHMT1 accumulation in roots is critical for sucrose accumulation and root growth. Further ROS scavenging by GSH application or ROS synthesis inhibition by apocynin application or RBOHD mutation reduced H2O2 levels and partially restored the root-growth arrest phenotype of shm1-2 at low-sucrose conditions, suggesting that SHMT1 modulates root growth via sucrose-mediated ROS accumulation. Our findings demonstrated the role of SHMT1 in primary-root growth by regulating sucrose accumulation and ROS homeostasis in roots.
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Eljebbawi A, Savelli B, Libourel C, Estevez JM, Dunand C. Class III Peroxidases in Response to Multiple Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana Pyrenean Populations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073960. [PMID: 35409333 PMCID: PMC8999671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Class III peroxidases constitute a plant-specific multigene family, where 73 genes have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. These genes are members of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulatory network in the whole plant, but more importantly, at the root level. In response to abiotic stresses such as cold, heat, and salinity, their expression is significantly modified. To learn more about their transcriptional regulation, an integrative phenotypic, genomic, and transcriptomic study was executed on the roots of A. thaliana Pyrenean populations. Initially, the root phenotyping highlighted 3 Pyrenean populations to be tolerant to cold (Eaux), heat (Herr), and salt (Grip) stresses. Then, the RNA-seq analyses on these three populations, in addition to Col-0, displayed variations in CIII Prxs expression under stressful treatments and between different genotypes. Consequently, several CIII Prxs were particularly upregulated in the tolerant populations, suggesting novel and specific roles of these genes in plant tolerance against abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eljebbawi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP, 31326 Toulouse, France; (A.E.); (B.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Bruno Savelli
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP, 31326 Toulouse, France; (A.E.); (B.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Cyril Libourel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP, 31326 Toulouse, France; (A.E.); (B.S.); (C.L.)
| | - José Manuel Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina;
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago CP 8370146, Chile
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago CP 8370146, Chile
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, INP, 31326 Toulouse, France; (A.E.); (B.S.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Sadessa K, Beyene Y, Ifie BE, Suresh LM, Olsen MS, Ogugo V, Wegary D, Tongoona P, Danquah E, Offei SK, Prasanna BM, Gowda M. Identification of Genomic Regions Associated with Agronomic and Disease Resistance Traits in a Large Set of Multiple DH Populations. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020351. [PMID: 35205395 PMCID: PMC8872035 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breeding maize lines with the improved level of desired agronomic traits under optimum and drought conditions as well as increased levels of resistance to several diseases such as maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is one of the most sustainable approaches for the sub-Saharan African region. In this study, 879 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from 26 biparental populations were evaluated under artificial inoculation of MLN, as well as under well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) conditions for grain yield and other agronomic traits. All DH lines were used for analyses of genotypic variability, association studies, and genomic predictions for the grain yield and other yield-related traits. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a mixed linear FarmCPU model identified SNPs associated with the studied traits i.e., about seven and eight SNPs for the grain yield; 16 and 12 for anthesis date; seven and eight for anthesis silking interval; 14 and 5 for both ear and plant height; and 15 and 5 for moisture under both WW and WS environments, respectively. Similarly, about 13 and 11 SNPs associated with gray leaf spot and turcicum leaf blight were identified. Eleven SNPs associated with senescence under WS management that had depicted drought-stress-tolerant QTLs were identified. Under MLN artificial inoculation, a total of 12 and 10 SNPs associated with MLN disease severity and AUDPC traits, respectively, were identified. Genomic prediction under WW, WS, and MLN disease artificial inoculation revealed moderate-to-high prediction accuracy. The findings of this study provide useful information on understanding the genetic basis for the MLN resistance, grain yield, and other agronomic traits under MLN artificial inoculation, WW, and WS conditions. Therefore, the obtained information can be used for further validation and developing functional molecular markers for marker-assisted selection and for implementing genomic prediction to develop superior elite lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassahun Sadessa
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ambo P.O. Box 37, West Shoa, Ethiopia;
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; (Y.B.); (L.M.S.); (M.S.O.); (V.O.); (B.M.P.)
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 12.5 KM Peg, Harare P.O. Box MP163, Zimbabwe;
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, P.O. Box LG23, Accra 00233, Ghana; (B.E.I.); (P.T.); (E.D.); (S.K.O.)
| | - Yoseph Beyene
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; (Y.B.); (L.M.S.); (M.S.O.); (V.O.); (B.M.P.)
| | - Beatrice E. Ifie
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, P.O. Box LG23, Accra 00233, Ghana; (B.E.I.); (P.T.); (E.D.); (S.K.O.)
| | - L. M. Suresh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; (Y.B.); (L.M.S.); (M.S.O.); (V.O.); (B.M.P.)
| | - Michael S. Olsen
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; (Y.B.); (L.M.S.); (M.S.O.); (V.O.); (B.M.P.)
| | - Veronica Ogugo
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; (Y.B.); (L.M.S.); (M.S.O.); (V.O.); (B.M.P.)
| | - Dagne Wegary
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 12.5 KM Peg, Harare P.O. Box MP163, Zimbabwe;
| | - Pangirayi Tongoona
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, P.O. Box LG23, Accra 00233, Ghana; (B.E.I.); (P.T.); (E.D.); (S.K.O.)
| | - Eric Danquah
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, P.O. Box LG23, Accra 00233, Ghana; (B.E.I.); (P.T.); (E.D.); (S.K.O.)
| | - Samuel Kwame Offei
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (WACCI), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, P.O. Box LG23, Accra 00233, Ghana; (B.E.I.); (P.T.); (E.D.); (S.K.O.)
| | - Boddupalli M. Prasanna
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; (Y.B.); (L.M.S.); (M.S.O.); (V.O.); (B.M.P.)
| | - Manje Gowda
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi 00100, Kenya; (Y.B.); (L.M.S.); (M.S.O.); (V.O.); (B.M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +254-727019454
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Spanò C, Muccifora S, Ruffini Castiglione M, Bellani L, Bottega S, Giorgetti L. Polystyrene nanoplastics affect seed germination, cell biology and physiology of rice seedlings in-short term treatments: Evidence of their internalization and translocation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 172:158-166. [PMID: 35074726 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Agroecosystems represent more and more a huge long-term sink for plastic compounds which inevitably undergo fragmentation, generating micro- and nano-plastics, with potential adverse effects on soil chemistry and living organisms. The present work was focused on the short-term effects of two different concentrations of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) (0.1 or 1 g L-1 suspensions) on rice seedlings starting from seed germination, hypothesizing that possible acute effects on seedlings could depend on oxidative damage trigged by PSNPs internalization. As shown by TEM analysis, PSNPs were absorbed by roots and translocated to the shoots, affected root cell ultrastructure, the germination process, seedling growth and root mitotic activity, inducing cytogenetic aberration. Treatments were not correlated with increase in oxidative stress markers, but rather with a different pattern of their localization both in roots and in shoots, impairing H2O2 homeostasis and membrane damage, despite the adequate antioxidant response recorded. The harmful effects of PSNPs on cell biology and physiology of rice seedlings could be caused not only by a direct action by the PSNPs but also by changes in the production/diffusion of ROS at the tissue/cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelina Spanò
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy; Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simonetta Muccifora
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Monica Ruffini Castiglione
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy; Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Bellani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Bottega
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Ghini 13, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Giorgetti
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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Aleem M, Riaz A, Raza Q, Aleem M, Aslam M, Kong K, Atif RM, Kashif M, Bhat JA, Zhao T. Genome-wide characterization and functional analysis of class III peroxidase gene family in soybean reveal regulatory roles of GsPOD40 in drought tolerance. Genomics 2022; 114:45-60. [PMID: 34813918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Class III peroxidases (PODs) are plant-specific glycoproteins, that play essential roles in various plant physiological processes and defence responses. To date, scarce information is available about the POD gene family in soybean. Hence, the present study is the first comprehensive report about the genome-wide characterization of GmPOD gene family in soybean (Glycine max L.). Here, we identified a total of 124 GmPOD genes in soybean, that are unevenly distributed across the genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into six distinct sub-groups (A-F), with one soybean specific subgroup. Exon-intron and motif analysis suggested the existence of structural and functional diversity among the sub-groups. Duplication analysis identified 58 paralogous gene pairs; segmental duplication and positive/Darwinian selection were observed as the major factors involved in the evolution of GmPODs. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed that 23 out of a total 124 GmPODs showed differential expression between drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes under stress conditions; however, two of them (GmPOD40 and GmPOD42) revealed the maximum deregulation in all contrasting genotypes. Overexpression (OE) lines of GsPOD40 showed considerably higher drought tolerance compared to wild type (WT) plants under stress treatment. Moreover, the OE lines showed enhanced photosynthesis and enzymatic antioxidant activities under drought stress, resulting in alleviation of ROS induced oxidative damage. Hence, the GsPOD40 enhanced drought tolerance in soybean by regulating the key physiological and biochemical pathways involved in the defence response. Lastly, the results of our study will greatly assist in further functional characterization of GsPODs in plant growth and stress tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqadas Aleem
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Awais Riaz
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qasim Raza
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Maida Aleem
- Government Post Graduate College Samanabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Keke Kong
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rana Muhammad Atif
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javaid Akhtar Bhat
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tuanjie Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhao YW, Wang CK, Huang XY, Hu DG. Anthocyanin stability and degradation in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1987767. [PMID: 34686106 PMCID: PMC9208790 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1987767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins, a flavonoid group of polyphenolic compounds, have evolved in plants since the land was colonized by plants. These bioactive compounds play critical roles in diverse physiological processes. They are synthesized in the cytosol and transported into the vacuole for storage or to other destinations, where they function as bioactive molecules. The mechanisms of anthocyanin synthesis and transport have been well studied. However, the precise regulation of the mechanisms of anthocyanin degradation remains to be elucidated. In this review, we highlight recent progress in the understanding of the characteristics and functions of anthocyanins and class III peroxidases, as well as of the existing evidence of the effects of class III peroxidases on the degradation of anthocyanins and the possible regulatory mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
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Zhang F, Zhang J, Ma Z, Xia L, Wang X, Zhang L, Ding Y, Qi J, Mu X, Zhao F, Ji T, Tang B. Bulk analysis by resequencing and RNA-seq identifies candidate genes for maintaining leaf water content under water deficit in maize. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1935-1945. [PMID: 34494286 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the main abiotic stresses adversely affecting maize growth and grain yield. Identifying drought tolerance-related genes and breeding varieties with enhanced tolerance are effective strategies for minimizing the effects of drought stress. In this study, the leaf relative water content (LRWC) was used for evaluating drought tolerance. QTL-seq analysis of 419 F2 individuals from a cross between ZhengT22 (the drought-tolerant line with high LRWC) and ZhengA88 (the drought-sensitive line with low LRWC) revealed four LRWC-related QTLs (qLRWC2, qLRWC10a, qLRWC10b, and qLRWC10c) in maize seedlings under water deficit. Of these QTLs, qLRWC2 was located in a 2.03-Mb interval on chromosome 2, whereas qLRWC10a, qLRWC10b, and qLRWC10c were located in 2.85-, 3.99-, and 2.05-Mb intervals, respectively, on chromosome 10, and the 93 genes contained the variation loci locating in the four QTLs regions. To identify the candidate genes within the QTLs, an RNA-seq analysis was performed for the parents exposed to water deficit. Seven genes with effective variation loci showed significant difference in expression either in ZhengA88 or ZhengT22 in response to water deficit. Moreover, among the genes, ZmPrx64, ZmCIPK, HSP90, and ABCG34 have all been shown to be related to water stress in the previous studies. Thus, they are primary considered as the potential candidate genes controlling LRWC under water deficit at the seeding stage of maize in this study. These findings will help clarify the molecular basis of drought tolerance in maize seedlings and may be relevant for future functional analysis and for breeding drought-tolerant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Zhang
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyan Ma
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Laikun Xia
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Luoyang, China
| | - Lanxun Zhang
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianshuang Qi
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Mu
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Faxin Zhao
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianhui Ji
- Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Luoyang, China
| | - Baojun Tang
- Cereal Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize Biology, Zhengzhou, China
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