1
|
Matuszkiewicz M, Święcicka M, Koter MD, Filipecki M. Identification of genes involved in the tomato root response to Globodera rostochiensis parasitism under varied light conditions. J Appl Genet 2024:10.1007/s13353-024-00897-6. [PMID: 39143454 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the intricate interplay between abiotic and biotic stresses is crucial for deciphering plant responses and developing resilient cultivars. Here, we investigate the combined effects of elevated light intensity and nematode infection on tomato seedlings. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis revealed significant enhancements in PSII quantum yield and photochemical fluorescence quenching under high light conditions. qRT-PCR analysis of stress-related marker genes exhibited differential expression patterns in leaves and roots, indicating robust defense and antioxidant responses. Despite root protection from light, roots showed significant molecular changes, including downregulation of genes associated with oxidative stress and upregulation of genes involved in signaling pathways. Transcriptome analysis uncovered extensive gene expression alterations, with light exerting a dominant influence. Notably, light and nematode response synergistically induced more differentially expressed genes than individual stimuli. Functional categorization of differentially expressed genes upon double stimuli highlighted enrichment in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and amino acid metabolism, whereas the importance of specific pathogenesis-related pathways decreased. Overall, our study elucidates complex plant responses to combined stresses, emphasizing the importance of integrated approaches for developing stress-resilient crops in the face of changing environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Matuszkiewicz
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Magdalena Święcicka
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Marek D Koter
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Marcin Filipecki
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao G, Liu Y, Li L, Che R, Douglass M, Benza K, Angove M, Luo K, Hu Q, Chen X, Henry C, Li Z, Ning G, Luo H. Gene pyramiding for boosted plant growth and broad abiotic stress tolerance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:678-697. [PMID: 37902192 PMCID: PMC10893947 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as salinity, heat and drought seriously impair plant growth and development, causing a significant loss in crop yield and ornamental value. Biotechnology approaches manipulating specific genes prove to be effective strategies in crop trait modification. The Arabidopsis vacuolar pyrophosphatase gene AVP1, the rice SUMO E3 ligase gene OsSIZ1 and the cyanobacterium flavodoxin gene Fld have previously been implicated in regulating plant stress responses and conferring enhanced tolerance to different abiotic stresses when individually overexpressed in various plant species. We have explored the feasibility of combining multiple favourable traits brought by individual genes to acquire superior plant performance. To this end, we have simultaneously introduced AVP1, OsSIZ1 and Fld in creeping bentgrass. Transgenic (TG) plants overexpressing these three genes performed significantly better than wild type controls and the TGs expressing individual genes under both normal and various abiotic stress conditions, exhibited significantly enhanced plant growth and tolerance to drought, salinity and heat stresses as well as nitrogen and phosphate starvation, which were associated with altered physiological and biochemical characteristics and delicately fine-tuned expression of genes involved in plant stress responses. Our results suggest that AVP1, OsSIZ1 and Fld function synergistically to regulate plant development and plant stress response, leading to superior overall performance under both normal and adverse environments. The information obtained provides new insights into gene stacking as an effective approach for plant genetic engineering. A similar strategy can be extended for the use of other beneficial genes in various crop species for trait modifications, enhancing agricultural production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Zhao
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
- College of Grassland ScienceGansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
- College of Landscape ArchitectureNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
- College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Rui Che
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Megan Douglass
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Katherine Benza
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Mitchell Angove
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Kristopher Luo
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Charles Henry
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| | - Guogui Ning
- Key laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of EducationHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Genetics and BiochemistryClemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muino JM, Großmann C, Kleine T, Kaufmann K. Natural genetic variation in GLK1-mediated photosynthetic acclimation in response to light. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:87. [PMID: 38311744 PMCID: PMC10840168 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GOLDEN-like (GLK) transcription factors are central regulators of chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis and other species. Findings from Arabidopsis show that these factors also contribute to photosynthetic acclimation, e.g. to variation in light intensity, and are controlled by retrograde signals emanating from the chloroplast. However, the natural variation of GLK1-centered gene-regulatory networks in Arabidopsis is largely unexplored. RESULTS By evaluating the activities of GLK1 target genes and GLK1 itself in vegetative leaves of natural Arabidopsis accessions grown under standard conditions, we uncovered variation in the activity of GLK1 centered regulatory networks. This is linked with the ecogeographic origin of the accessions, and can be associated with a complex genetic variation across loci acting in different functional pathways, including photosynthesis, ROS and brassinosteroid pathways. Our results identify candidate upstream regulators that contribute to a basal level of GLK1 activity in rosette leaves, which can then impact the capacity to acclimate to different environmental conditions. Indeed, accessions with higher GLK1 activity, arising from habitats with a high monthly variation in solar radiation levels, may show lower levels of photoinhibition at higher light intensities. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence for natural variation in GLK1 regulatory activities in vegetative leaves. This variation is associated with ecogeographic origin and can contribute to acclimation to high light conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Muino
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
- Current Address: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christopher Großmann
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kaufmann
- Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dziubek D, Poeker L, Siemitkowska B, Graf A, Marino G, Alseekh S, Arrivault S, Fernie AR, Armbruster U, Geigenberger P. NTRC and thioredoxins m1/m2 underpin the light acclimation of plants on proteome and metabolome levels. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:982-1005. [PMID: 37804523 PMCID: PMC10828201 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
During photosynthesis, plants must manage strong fluctuations in light availability on different time scales, leading to long-term acclimation and short-term responses. However, little is known about the regulation and coordination of these processes and the modulators involved. In this study, we used proteomics, metabolomics, and reverse genetics to investigate how different light environmental factors, such as intensity or variability, affect long-term and short-term acclimation responses of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the importance of the chloroplast redox network in their regulation. In the wild type, high light, but not fluctuating light, led to large quantitative changes in the proteome and metabolome, accompanied by increased photosynthetic dynamics and plant growth. This finding supports light intensity as a stronger driver for acclimation than variability. Deficiencies in NADPH-thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) or thioredoxins m1/m2, but not thioredoxin f1, almost completely suppressed the re-engineering of the proteome and metabolome, with both the induction of proteins involved in stress and redox responses and the repression of those involved in cytosolic and plastid protein synthesis and translation being strongly attenuated. Moreover, the correlations of protein or metabolite levels with light intensity were severely disturbed, suggesting a general defect in the light-dependent acclimation response, resulting in impaired photosynthetic dynamics. These results indicate a previously unknown role of NTRC and thioredoxins m1/m2 in modulating light acclimation at proteome and metabolome levels to control dynamic light responses. NTRC, but not thioredoxins m1/m2 or f1, also improves short-term photosynthetic responses by balancing the Calvin-Benson cycle in fluctuating light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Dziubek
- Fakultät für Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Grosshaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Louis Poeker
- Fakultät für Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Grosshaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Beata Siemitkowska
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alexander Graf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Giada Marino
- Fakultät für Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Grosshaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Departments of Metabolomics and Crop Quantitative Genetics, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgari
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Departments of Metabolomics and Crop Quantitative Genetics, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgari
| | - Ute Armbruster
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Photosynthesis, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- CEPLAS—Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Geigenberger
- Fakultät für Biologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Grosshaderner Str. 2-4, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar V, Wegener M, Knieper M, Kaya A, Viehhauser A, Dietz KJ. Strategies of Molecular Signal Integration for Optimized Plant Acclimation to Stress Combinations. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2832:3-29. [PMID: 38869784 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3973-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and survival in their natural environment require versatile mitigation of diverse threats. The task is especially challenging due to the largely unpredictable interaction of countless abiotic and biotic factors. To resist an unfavorable environment, plants have evolved diverse sensing, signaling, and adaptive molecular mechanisms. Recent stress studies have identified molecular elements like secondary messengers (ROS, Ca2+, etc.), hormones (ABA, JA, etc.), and signaling proteins (SnRK, MAPK, etc.). However, major gaps remain in understanding the interaction between these pathways, and in particular under conditions of stress combinations. Here, we highlight the challenge of defining "stress" in such complex natural scenarios. Therefore, defining stress hallmarks for different combinations is crucial. We discuss three examples of robust and dynamic plant acclimation systems, outlining specific plant responses to complex stress overlaps. (a) The high plasticity of root system architecture is a decisive feature in sustainable crop development in times of global climate change. (b) Similarly, broad sensory abilities and apparent control of cellular metabolism under adverse conditions through retrograde signaling make chloroplasts an ideal hub. Functional specificity of the chloroplast-associated molecular patterns (ChAMPs) under combined stresses needs further focus. (c) The molecular integration of several hormonal signaling pathways, which bring together all cellular information to initiate the adaptive changes, needs resolving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Melanie Wegener
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Madita Knieper
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Armağan Kaya
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andrea Viehhauser
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Giese J, Eirich J, Walther D, Zhang Y, Lassowskat I, Fernie AR, Elsässer M, Maurino VG, Schwarzländer M, Finkemeier I. The interplay of post-translational protein modifications in Arabidopsis leaves during photosynthesis induction. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:1172-1193. [PMID: 37522418 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Diurnal dark to light transition causes profound physiological changes in plant metabolism. These changes require distinct modes of regulation as a unique feature of photosynthetic lifestyle. The activities of several key metabolic enzymes are regulated by light-dependent post-translational modifications (PTM) and have been studied at depth at the level of individual proteins. In contrast, a global picture of the light-dependent PTMome dynamics is lacking, leaving the response of a large proportion of cellular function undefined. Here, we investigated the light-dependent metabolome and proteome changes in Arabidopsis rosettes in a time resolved manner to dissect their kinetic interplay, focusing on phosphorylation, lysine acetylation, and cysteine-based redox switches. Of over 24 000 PTM sites that were detected, more than 1700 were changed during the transition from dark to light. While the first changes, as measured 5 min after onset of illumination, occurred mainly in the chloroplasts, PTM changes at proteins in other compartments coincided with the full activation of the Calvin-Benson cycle and the synthesis of sugars at later timepoints. Our data reveal connections between metabolism and PTM-based regulation throughout the cell. The comprehensive multiome profiling analysis provides unique insight into the extent by which photosynthesis reprograms global cell function and adds a powerful resource for the dissection of diverse cellular processes in the context of photosynthetic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Giese
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7-8, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eirich
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7-8, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Dirk Walther
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPIMP), Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, D-14476, Germany
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPIMP), Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, D-14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Ines Lassowskat
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7-8, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPIMP), Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, D-14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7-8, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, D-53115, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7-8, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 7-8, Münster, D-48149, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aarabi F, Ghigi A, Ahchige MW, Bulut M, Geigenberger P, Neuhaus HE, Sampathkumar A, Alseekh S, Fernie AR. Genome-wide association study unveils ascorbate regulation by PAS/LOV PROTEIN during high light acclimation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2037-2054. [PMID: 37265123 PMCID: PMC10602610 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Varying light conditions elicit metabolic responses as part of acclimation with changes in ascorbate levels being an important component. Here, we adopted a genome-wide association-based approach to characterize the response in ascorbate levels on high light (HL) acclimation in a panel of 315 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions. These studies revealed statistically significant SNPs for total and reduced ascorbate under HL conditions at a locus in chromosome 2. Ascorbate levels under HL and the region upstream and within PAS/LOV PROTEIN (PLP) were strongly associated. Intriguingly, subcellular localization analyses revealed that the PLPA and PLPB splice variants co-localized with VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE2 (VTC2) and VTC5 in both the cytosol and nucleus. Yeast 2-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analyses revealed that PLPA and PLPB interact with VTC2 and that blue light diminishes this interaction. Furthermore, PLPB knockout mutants were characterized by 1.5- to 1.7-fold elevations in their ascorbate levels, whereas knockout mutants of the cry2 cryptochromes displayed 1.2- to 1.3-fold elevations compared to WT. Our results collectively indicate that PLP plays a critical role in the elevation of ascorbate levels, which is a signature response of HL acclimation. The results strongly suggest that this is achieved via the release of the inhibitory effect of PLP on VTC2 upon blue light illumination, as the VTC2-PLPB interaction is stronger under darkness. The conditional importance of the cryptochrome receptors under different environmental conditions suggests a complex hierarchy underpinning the environmental control of ascorbate levels. However, the data we present here clearly demonstrate that PLP dominates during HL acclimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fayezeh Aarabi
- Central Metabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Andrea Ghigi
- Central Metabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Micha Wijesingha Ahchige
- Central Metabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Mustafa Bulut
- Central Metabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Peter Geigenberger
- Department Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Arun Sampathkumar
- Central Metabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Central Metabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Crop Quantitative Genetics, Centre of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Central Metabolism, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
- Crop Quantitative Genetics, Centre of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Segarra-Medina C, Pascual LS, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Rambla JL, Gómez-Cadenas A, Zandalinas SI. Comparison of metabolomic reconfiguration between Columbia and Landsberg ecotypes subjected to the combination of high salinity and increased irradiance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:406. [PMID: 37620776 PMCID: PMC10463500 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04404-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants growing in the field are subjected to combinations of abiotic stresses. These conditions pose a devastating threat to crops, decreasing their yield and causing a negative economic impact on agricultural production. Metabolic responses play a key role in plant acclimation to stress and natural variation for these metabolic changes could be key for plant adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions. RESULTS Here we studied the metabolomic response of two Arabidopsis ecotypes (Columbia-0 [Col] and Landsberg erecta-0 [Ler]), widely used as genetic background for Arabidopsis mutant collections, subjected to the combination of high salinity and increased irradiance. Our findings demonstrate that this stress combination results in a specific metabolic response, different than that of the individual stresses. Although both ecotypes displayed reduced growth and quantum yield of photosystem II, as well as increased foliar damage and malondialdehyde accumulation, different mechanisms to tolerate the stress combination were observed. These included a relocation of amino acids and sugars to act as potential osmoprotectants, and the accumulation of different stress-protective compounds such as polyamines or secondary metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reflect an initial identification of metabolic pathways that differentially change under stress combination that could be considered in studies of stress combination of Arabidopsis mutants that include Col or Ler as genetic backgrounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Segarra-Medina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica Y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de La Plana, Spain
| | - Lidia S Pascual
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica Y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de La Plana, Spain
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - José L Rambla
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica Y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de La Plana, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica Y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de La Plana, Spain.
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica Y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de La Plana, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yapa MM, Doroodian P, Gao Z, Yu P, Hua Z. MORF2-mediated plastidial retrograde signaling is involved in stress response and skotomorphogenesis beyond RNA editing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1146922. [PMID: 37056496 PMCID: PMC10086144 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Retrograde signaling modulates the expression of nuclear genome-encoded organelle proteins to adjust organelle function in response to environmental cues. MULTIPLE ORGANELLAR RNA EDITING FACTOR 2 (MORF2) was initially recognized as a plastidial RNA-editing factor but recently shown to interact with GUN1. Given the central role of GUN1 in chloroplast retrograde signaling and the unviable phenotype of morf2 mutants that is inconsistent with many viable mutants involved in RNA editing, we hypothesized that MORF2 has functions either dosage dependent or beyond RNA editing. Using an inducible Clustered Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat interference (iCRISPRi) approach, we were able to reduce the MORF2 transcripts in a controlled manner. In addition to MORF2-dosage dependent RNA-editing errors, we discovered that reducing MORF2 by iCRISPRi stimulated the expression of stress responsive genes, triggered plastidial retrograde signaling, repressed ethylene signaling and skotomorphogenesis, and increased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. These findings along with previous discoveries suggest that MORF2 is an effective regulator involved in plastidial metabolic pathways whose reduction can readily activate multiple retrograde signaling molecules possibly involving reactive oxygen species to adjust plant growth. In addition, our newly developed iCRISPRi approach provided a novel genetic tool for quantitative reverse genetics studies on hub genes in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhura M. Yapa
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Paymon Doroodian
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peifeng Yu
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Zhihua Hua
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wu HY, Qiao MY, Zhang YJ, Kang WJ, Ma QH, Gao HY, Zhang WF, Jiang CD. Photosynthetic mechanism of maize yield under fluctuating light environments in the field. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:957-973. [PMID: 36459464 PMCID: PMC9922410 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic mechanism of crop yields in fluctuating light environments in the field remains controversial. To further elucidate this mechanism, we conducted field and simulation experiments using maize (Zea mays) plants. Increased planting density enhanced the light fluctuation frequency and reduced the duration of daily high light, as well as the light-saturated photosynthetic rate, biomass, and yield per plant. Further analysis confirmed a highly significant positive correlation between biomass and yield per plant and the duration of photosynthesis related to daily high light. The simulation experiment indicated that the light-saturated photosynthetic rate of maize leaves decreased gradually and considerably when shortening the daily duration of high light. Under an identical duration of high light exposure, increasing the fluctuation frequency decreased the light-saturated photosynthetic rate slightly. Proteomic data also demonstrated that photosynthesis was mainly affected by the duration of high light and not by the light fluctuation frequency. Consequently, the current study proposes that an appropriate duration of daily high light under fluctuating light environments is the key factor for greatly improving photosynthesis. This is a promising mechanism by which the photosynthetic productivity and yield of maize can be enhanced under complex light environments in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Mei-Yu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wei-Jian Kang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qing-Hu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Wang-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Chuang-Dao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Endo H, Moriyama H, Okumura Y. Photoinhibition and Photoprotective Responses of a Brown Marine Macroalga Acclimated to Different Light and Nutrient Regimes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020357. [PMID: 36829916 PMCID: PMC9952712 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants and brown algae avoid photoinhibition (decline in photosystem II efficiency, Fv/Fm) caused by excess light energy and oxidative stress through several photoprotective mechanisms, such as antioxidant xanthophyll production and heat dissipation. The heat dissipation can be measured as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and is strongly driven by de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle pigments (XCP). Although NPQ is known to increase under high light acclimation and nutrient-deficient conditions, a few studies have investigated the combined effects of the conditions on both NPQ and associated xanthophyll-to-chlorophyll (Chl) a ratio. The present study investigated the photosynthetic parameters of the brown alga Sargassum fusiforme acclimated to three irradiance levels combined with three nutrient levels. Elevated irradiance decreased Fv/Fm but increased NPQ, XCP/Chl a ratio, and fucoxanthin/Chl a ratio, suggesting the photoprotective role of antioxidant fucoxanthin in brown algae. Reduced nutrient availability increased NPQ but had no effect on the other variables, including XCP/Chl a ratio and its de-epoxidation state. The results indicate that NPQ can be used as a sensitive stress marker for nutrient deficiency, but cannot be used to estimate XCP pool size and state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Endo
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-99-286-4131
| | - Hikari Moriyama
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan
| | - Yutaka Okumura
- Fisheries Resources Institute/Fisheries Technology Institute, National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Shiogama 985-0001, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Charng YY, Mitra S, Yu SJ. Maintenance of abiotic stress memory in plants: Lessons learned from heat acclimation. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:187-200. [PMID: 36271858 PMCID: PMC9806581 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants acquire enhanced tolerance to intermittent abiotic stress by employing information obtained during prior exposure to an environmental disturbance, a process known as acclimation or defense priming. The capacity for stress memory is a critical feature in this process. The number of reports related to plant stress memory (PSM) has recently increased, but few studies have focused on the mechanisms that maintain PSM. Identifying the components involved in maintaining PSM is difficult due in part to the lack of clear criteria to recognize these components. In this review, based on what has been learned from genetic studies on heat acclimation memory, we propose criteria for identifying components of the regulatory networks that maintain PSM. We provide examples of the regulatory circuits formed by effectors and regulators of PSM. We also highlight strategies for assessing PSMs, update the progress in understanding the mechanisms of PSM maintenance, and provide perspectives for the further development of this exciting research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suma Mitra
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, ROC
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, TIGP, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Jiun Yu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biochemical Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
García-Caparrós P, Vogelsang L, Persicke M, Wirtz M, Kumar V, Dietz KJ. Differential sensitivity of metabolic pathways in sugar beet roots to combined salt, heat, and light stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13786. [PMID: 36169530 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants in nature commonly encounter combined stress scenarios. The response to combined stressors is often unpredictable from the response to single stresses. To address stress interference in roots, we applied salinity, heat, and high light to hydroponically grown sugar beet. Two main patterns of metabolomic acclimation were apparent. High salt of 300 mM NaCl considerably lowered metabolite amounts, for example, those of most amino acids, γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), and glucose. Very few metabolites revealed the opposite trend with increased contents at high salts, mostly organic acids such as citric acid and isocitric acid, but also tryptophan, tyrosine, and the compatible solute proline. High temperature (31°C vs. 21°C) also frequently lowered root metabolite pools. The individual effects of salinity and heat were superimposed under combined stress. Under high light and high salt conditions, there was a significant decline in root chloride, mannitol, ribulose 5-P, cysteine, and l-aspartate contents. The results reveal the complex interaction pattern of environmental parameters and urge researchers to elaborate in much more detail and width on combinatorial stress effects to bridge work under controlled growth conditions to growth in nature, and also to better understand acclimation to the consequences of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro García-Caparrós
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lara Vogelsang
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Markus Wirtz
- Heidelberg University, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kato N, Iwata K, Kadowaki T, Sonoike K, Hihara Y. Dual Redox Regulation of the DNA-Binding Activity of the Response Regulator RpaB in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:1078-1090. [PMID: 35660918 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The response regulator RpaB plays a central role in transcriptional regulation of photosynthesis-related genes in cyanobacteria. RpaB is phosphorylated by its cognate histidine kinase Hik33 and functions as both an activator and a repressor under low-light conditions, whereas its phosphorylation level and DNA-binding activity promptly decrease upon the upshift of photon flux density, causing changes in the gene expression profile. In this study, we assessed the possibility of redox regulation of the DNA-binding activity of RpaB in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by the addition of inhibitors of photosynthetic electron transport, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea and 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone, or the reducing agent dithiothreitol under different photon flux densities. Analysis of the phosphorylation level of RpaB revealed that reduction of QA and increase in the availability of reducing equivalents at the acceptor side of photosystem I (PSI) can independently trigger dephosphorylation. The redox-state-dependent regulation by an unidentified thiol other than Cys59 of RpaB is prerequisite for the phosphorylation-dependent regulation of the DNA-binding activity. Environmental signals, recognized by Hik33, and metabolic signals recognized as the availability of reducing equivalents, must be integrated at the master regulator RpaB, in order to attain the flexible regulation of acclimatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kato
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
| | - Kazuki Iwata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
| | - Taro Kadowaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
| | - Kintake Sonoike
- Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480 Japan
| | - Yukako Hihara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lokdarshi A, von Arnim AG. Review: Emerging roles of the signaling network of the protein kinase GCN2 in the plant stress response. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 320:111280. [PMID: 35643606 PMCID: PMC9197246 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pan-eukaryotic protein kinase GCN2 (General Control Nonderepressible2) regulates the translation of mRNAs in response to external and metabolic conditions. Although GCN2 and its substrate, translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2) α, and several partner proteins are substantially conserved in plants, this kinase has assumed novel functions in plants, including in innate immunity and retrograde signaling between the chloroplast and cytosol. How exactly some of the biochemical paradigms of the GCN2 system have diverged in the green plant lineage is only partially resolved. Specifically, conflicting data underscore and cast doubt on whether GCN2 regulates amino acid biosynthesis; also whether phosphorylation of eIF2α can in fact repress global translation or activate mRNA specific translation via upstream open reading frames; and whether GCN2 is controlled in vivo by the level of uncharged tRNA. This review examines the status of research on the eIF2α kinase, GCN2, its function in the response to xenobiotics, pathogens, and abiotic stress conditions, and its rather tenuous role in the translational control of mRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ansul Lokdarshi
- Department of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698, USA.
| | - Albrecht G von Arnim
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1939, USA; UT-ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1939, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Formisano L, Miras-Moreno B, Ciriello M, Zhang L, De Pascale S, Lucini L, Rouphael Y. Between Light and Shading: Morphological, Biochemical, and Metabolomics Insights Into the Influence of Blue Photoselective Shading on Vegetable Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:890830. [PMID: 35693176 PMCID: PMC9174935 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.890830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High nursery densities reduce the seedling quality due to the competition for light. High light intensity, shading, and blue light depletion activate morphophysiological and metabolomic responses in plants, resulting in size modification to gain an advantage over neighboring plants. Our research aimed to unravel the effects of light intensity and quality on nursery seedlings at the morphological and biochemical levels. To this aim, the effect of black shading and blue photoselective shading nets were investigated in terms of morphometric, ionomic, and untargeted metabolomics signatures in Cucurbita pepo L., Citrullus lanatus L., Solanum lycopersicum L., and Solanum melongena L. seedlings. Plant height, diameter, sturdiness index, leaf area, specific leaf area, shoot/root ratio, and mineral content (by ion chromatography-IC) were evaluated. In C. pepo L and C. lanatus L., the blue net reduced the shoot/root and chlorophyll a/b ratios and increased stem diameter and total chlorophyll content. The black net increased plant height, stem diameter, and sturdiness index in Solanum lycopersicum L. and Solanum melongena L. At the same time, unshading conditions reduced leaf area, specific leaf area, shoot/root ratio, and total chlorophyll content. The blue net improved the sturdiness index and quality of C. pepo L. and C. lanatus L. Such impact on morphological parameters induced by the different shading conditions was corroborated by a significant modulation at the metabolomics level. Untargeted metabolomic phytochemical signatures of the selected plants, and the subsequent multivariate analysis coupled to pathway analysis, allowed highlighting a broad and diverse biochemical modulation. Metabolomics revealed that both primary and secondary metabolism were largely affected by the different shading conditions, regardless of the species considered. A common pattern arose to point at the activation of plant energy metabolism and lipid biosynthesis, together with a generalized down accumulation of several secondary metabolites, particularly phenylpropanoids. Our findings indicate an intriguing scientific interest in the effects of selective shading and its application to other species and different phenological stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Formisano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Michele Ciriello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ksas B, Alric J, Caffarri S, Havaux M. Plastoquinone homeostasis in plant acclimation to light intensity. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 152:43-54. [PMID: 35000138 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis plants were grown from seeds at different photon flux densities (PFDs) of white light ranging from 65 to 800 µmol photons m-2 s-1. Increasing PFD brought about a marked accumulation of plastoquinone (PQ) in leaves. However, the thylakoid photoactive PQ pool, estimated to about 700 pmol mg-1 leaf dry weight, was independent of PFD; PQ accumulation in high light mostly occurred in the photochemically non-active pool (plastoglobules, chloroplast envelopes) which represented up to 75% of total PQ. The amounts of PSII reaction center (on a leaf dry weight basis) also were little affected by PFD during growth, leading to a constant PQ/PSII ratio at all PFDs. Boosting PQ biosynthesis by overexpression of a solanesyl diphosphate-synthesizing enzyme strongly enhanced the PQ levels, particularly at high PFDs. Again, this accumulation occurred exclusively in the non-photoactive PQ pool. Mutational suppression of the plastoglobular ABC1K1 kinase led to a selective reduction of the thylakoid PQ pool size to ca. 400 pmol mg-1 in a large range of PFDs, which was associated with a restriction of the photosynthetic electron flow. Our results show that photosynthetic acclimation to light intensity does not involve modulation of the thylakoid PQ pool size or the amounts of PSII reaction centers. There appears to be a fixed amount of PQ molecules for optimal interaction with PSII and efficient photosynthesis, with the extra PQ molecules being stored outside the thylakoid membranes, implying a tight regulation of PQ distribution within the chloroplasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Ksas
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS UMR7265, BIAM, City of Energies, CEA Cadarache, 13115, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Jean Alric
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS UMR7265, BIAM, City of Energies, CEA Cadarache, 13115, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Stefano Caffarri
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS UMR7265, BIAM, 13009, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Havaux
- Aix-Marseille University, CEA, CNRS UMR7265, BIAM, City of Energies, CEA Cadarache, 13115, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Balfagón D, Gómez-Cadenas A, Rambla JL, Granell A, de Ollas C, Bassham DC, Mittler R, Zandalinas SI. γ-Aminobutyric acid plays a key role in plant acclimation to a combination of high light and heat stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:2026-2038. [PMID: 35078231 PMCID: PMC8968390 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Plants are frequently subjected to different combinations of abiotic stresses, such as high light (HL) intensity, and elevated temperatures. These environmental conditions pose a threat to agriculture production, affecting photosynthesis, and decreasing yield. Metabolic responses of plants, such as alterations in carbohydrates and amino acid fluxes, play a key role in the successful acclimation of plants to different abiotic stresses, directing resources toward stress responses, and suppressing growth. Here we show that the primary metabolic response of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants to HL or heat stress (HS) is different from that of plants subjected to a combination of HL and HS (HL+HS). We further demonstrate that the combined stress results in a unique metabolic response that includes increased accumulation of sugars and amino acids coupled with decreased levels of metabolites participating in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Among the amino acids exclusively accumulated during HL+HS, we identified the nonproteinogenic amino acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Analysis of different mutants deficient in GABA biosynthesis (GLUTAMATE DESCARBOXYLASE 3 [gad3]) as well as mutants impaired in autophagy (autophagy-related proteins 5 and 9 [atg5 and atg9]), revealed that GABA plays a key role in the acclimation of plants to HL+HS, potentially by promoting autophagy. Taken together, our findings identify a role for GABA in regulating plant responses to combined stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damián Balfagón
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - José L Rambla
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Antonio Granell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, CSIC-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Carlos de Ollas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Diane C Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Saeid Nia M, Repnik U, Krupinska K, Bilger W. The plastid-nucleus localized DNA-binding protein WHIRLY1 is required for acclimation of barley leaves to high light. PLANTA 2022; 255:84. [PMID: 35279792 PMCID: PMC8918454 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In accordance with a key role of WHIRLY1 in light-acclimation mechanisms, typical features of acclimation to high light, including photosynthesis and leaf morphology, are compromised in WHIRLY1 deficient plants. Acclimation to the environment requires efficient communication between chloroplasts and the nucleus. Previous studies indicated that the plastid-nucleus located WHIRLY1 protein is required for the communication between plastids and the nucleus in situations of high light exposure. To investigate the consequences of WHIRLY1 deficiency on the light acclimation of photosynthesis and leaf anatomy, transgenic barley plants with an RNAi-mediated knockdown of HvWHIRLY1 were compared to wild-type plants when growing at low and high irradiance. While wild-type plants showed the typical light acclimation responses, i.e. higher photosynthetic capacity and thicker leaves, the WHIRLY1 deficient plants were not able to respond to differences in irradiance. The results revealed a systemic role of WHIRLY1 in light acclimation by coordinating responses at the level of the chloroplast and the level of leaf morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Urska Repnik
- Central Microscopy, Department of Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karin Krupinska
- Institute of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Bilger
- Institute of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang N, Pazouki L, Nguyen H, Jacobshagen S, Bigge BM, Xia M, Mattoon EM, Klebanovych A, Sorkin M, Nusinow DA, Avasthi P, Czymmek KJ, Zhang R. Comparative Phenotyping of Two Commonly Used Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Background Strains: CC-1690 (21gr) and CC-5325 (The CLiP Mutant Library Background). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:585. [PMID: 35270055 PMCID: PMC8912731 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is an excellent model organism to investigate many essential cellular processes in photosynthetic eukaryotes. Two commonly used background strains of Chlamydomonas are CC-1690 and CC-5325. CC-1690, also called 21gr, has been used for the Chlamydomonas genome project and several transcriptome analyses. CC-5325 is the background strain for the Chlamydomonas Library Project (CLiP). Photosynthetic performance in CC-5325 has not been evaluated in comparison with CC-1690. Additionally, CC-5325 is often considered to be cell-wall deficient, although detailed analysis is missing. The circadian rhythms in CC-5325 are also unclear. To fill these knowledge gaps and facilitate the use of the CLiP mutant library for various screens, we performed phenotypic comparisons between CC-1690 and CC-5325. Our results showed that CC-5325 grew faster heterotrophically in dark and equally well in mixotrophic liquid medium as compared to CC-1690. CC-5325 had lower photosynthetic efficiency and was more heat-sensitive than CC-1690. Furthermore, CC-5325 had an intact cell wall which had comparable integrity to that in CC-1690 but appeared to have reduced thickness. Additionally, CC-5325 could perform phototaxis, but could not maintain a sustained circadian rhythm of phototaxis as CC1690 did. Finally, in comparison to CC-1690, CC-5325 had longer cilia in the medium with acetate but slower swimming speed in the medium without nitrogen and acetate. Our results will be useful for researchers in the Chlamydomonas community to choose suitable background strains for mutant analysis and employ the CLiP mutant library for genome-wide mutant screens under appropriate conditions, especially in the areas of photosynthesis, thermotolerance, cell wall, and circadian rhythms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Zhang
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Leila Pazouki
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Huong Nguyen
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Sigrid Jacobshagen
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA;
| | - Brae M. Bigge
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (B.M.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Ming Xia
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Erin M. Mattoon
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
- Plant and Microbial Biosciences Program, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Anastasiya Klebanovych
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Maria Sorkin
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
- Plant and Microbial Biosciences Program, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Dmitri A. Nusinow
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Prachee Avasthi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (B.M.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Kirk J. Czymmek
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Ru Zhang
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA; (N.Z.); (L.P.); (H.N.); (M.X.); (E.M.M.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (D.A.N.); (K.J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Homecoming: rewinding the reductive evolution of the chloroplast genome for increasing crop yields. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6734. [PMID: 34795241 PMCID: PMC8602674 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing more productive and sustainable crops will be essential to achieving food security in coming decades. A core process in plant evolution has been the transfer of chloroplast-encoded genes to the nuclear genome. We propose reverting this process as a new approach to improve plant disease resistance and photosynthesis in future crops.
Collapse
|
22
|
Ma T, Gao H, Zhang D, Sun W, Yin Q, Wu L, Zhang T, Xu Z, Wei J, Su Y, Shi Y, Ding D, Yuan L, Dong G, Leng L, Xiang L, Chen S. Genome-Wide Analysis of Light-Regulated Alternative Splicing in Artemisia annua L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:733505. [PMID: 34659300 PMCID: PMC8511310 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin is currently the most effective ingredient in the treatment of malaria, which is thus of great significance to study the genetic regulation of Artemisia annua. Alternative splicing (AS) is a regulatory process that increases the complexity of transcriptome and proteome. The most common mechanism of alternative splicing (AS) in plant is intron retention (IR). However, little is known about whether the IR isoforms produced by light play roles in regulating biosynthetic pathways. In this work we would explore how the level of AS in A. annua responds to light regulation. We obtained a new dataset of AS by analyzing full-length transcripts using both Illumina- and single molecule real-time (SMRT)-based RNA-seq as well as analyzing AS on various tissues. A total of 5,854 IR isoforms were identified, with IR accounting for the highest proportion (48.48%), affirming that IR is the most common mechanism of AS. We found that the number of up-regulated IR isoforms (1534/1378, blue and red light, respectively) was more than twice that of down-regulated (636/682) after treatment of blue or red light. In the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, 10 genes produced 16 differentially expressed IR isoforms. This work demonstrated that the differential expression of IR isoforms induced by light has the potential to regulate sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis. This study also provides high accuracy full-length transcripts, which can be a valuable genetic resource for further research of A. annua, including areas of development, breeding, and biosynthesis of active compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinggang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhe Wei
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine, Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yanyan Su
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | | | - Liang Leng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Shilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dorion S, Ouellet JC, Rivoal J. Glutathione Metabolism in Plants under Stress: Beyond Reactive Oxygen Species Detoxification. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090641. [PMID: 34564457 PMCID: PMC8464934 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione is an essential metabolite for plant life best known for its role in the control of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione is also involved in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG) which, much like ROS, is produced at low levels by aerobic metabolism under normal conditions. While several physiological processes depend on ROS and MG, a variety of stresses can dramatically increase their concentration leading to potentially deleterious effects. In this review, we examine the structure and the stress regulation of the pathways involved in glutathione synthesis and degradation. We provide a synthesis of the current knowledge on the glutathione-dependent glyoxalase pathway responsible for MG detoxification. We present recent developments on the organization of the glyoxalase pathway in which alternative splicing generate a number of isoforms targeted to various subcellular compartments. Stress regulation of enzymes involved in MG detoxification occurs at multiple levels. A growing number of studies show that oxidative stress promotes the covalent modification of proteins by glutathione. This post-translational modification is called S-glutathionylation. It affects the function of several target proteins and is relevant to stress adaptation. We address this regulatory function in an analysis of the enzymes and pathways targeted by S-glutathionylation.
Collapse
|
24
|
Anderson CM, Mattoon EM, Zhang N, Becker E, McHargue W, Yang J, Patel D, Dautermann O, McAdam SAM, Tarin T, Pathak S, Avenson TJ, Berry J, Braud M, Niyogi KK, Wilson M, Nusinow DA, Vargas R, Czymmek KJ, Eveland AL, Zhang R. High light and temperature reduce photosynthetic efficiency through different mechanisms in the C 4 model Setaria viridis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1092. [PMID: 34531541 PMCID: PMC8446033 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
C4 plants frequently experience high light and high temperature conditions in the field, which reduce growth and yield. However, the mechanisms underlying these stress responses in C4 plants have been under-explored, especially the coordination between mesophyll (M) and bundle sheath (BS) cells. We investigated how the C4 model plant Setaria viridis responded to a four-hour high light or high temperature treatment at photosynthetic, transcriptomic, and ultrastructural levels. Although we observed a comparable reduction of photosynthetic efficiency in high light or high temperature treated leaves, detailed analysis of multi-level responses revealed important differences in key pathways and M/BS specificity responding to high light and high temperature. We provide a systematic analysis of high light and high temperature responses in S. viridis, reveal different acclimation strategies to these two stresses in C4 plants, discover unique light/temperature responses in C4 plants in comparison to C3 plants, and identify potential targets to improve abiotic stress tolerance in C4 crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin M Mattoon
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Plant and Microbial Biosciences Program, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Becker
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Jiani Yang
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dhruv Patel
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Oliver Dautermann
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Scott A M McAdam
- Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Tonantzin Tarin
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.,Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sunita Pathak
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tom J Avenson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jeffrey Berry
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maxwell Braud
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Krishna K Niyogi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Vargas
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Kirk J Czymmek
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Ru Zhang
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zendonadi Dos Santos N, Piepho HP, Condorelli GE, Licieri Groli E, Newcomb M, Ward R, Tuberosa R, Maccaferri M, Fiorani F, Rascher U, Muller O. High-throughput field phenotyping reveals genetic variation in photosynthetic traits in durum wheat under drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2858-2878. [PMID: 34189744 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) is a powerful non-invasive technique for probing photosynthesis. Although proposed as a method for drought tolerance screening, ChlF has not yet been fully adopted in physiological breeding, mainly due to limitations in high-throughput field phenotyping capabilities. The light-induced fluorescence transient (LIFT) sensor has recently been shown to reliably provide active ChlF data for rapid and remote characterisation of plant photosynthetic performance. We used the LIFT sensor to quantify photosynthesis traits across time in a large panel of durum wheat genotypes subjected to a progressive drought in replicated field trials over two growing seasons. The photosynthetic performance was measured at the canopy level by means of the operating efficiency of Photosystem II ( Fq'/Fm' ) and the kinetics of electron transport measured by reoxidation rates ( Fr1' and Fr2' ). Short- and long-term changes in ChlF traits were found in response to soil water availability and due to interactions with weather fluctuations. In mild drought, Fq'/Fm' and Fr2' were little affected, while Fr1' was consistently accelerated in water-limited compared to well-watered plants, increasingly so with rising vapour pressure deficit. This high-throughput approach allowed assessment of the native genetic diversity in ChlF traits while considering the diurnal dynamics of photosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hans-Peter Piepho
- Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Eder Licieri Groli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Newcomb
- Maricopa Agricultural Center, University of Arizona, Maricopa, Arizona, USA
| | - Richard Ward
- Maricopa Agricultural Center, University of Arizona, Maricopa, Arizona, USA
| | - Roberto Tuberosa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Maccaferri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Fiorani
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Onno Muller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alvarez-Fernandez R, Penfold CA, Galvez-Valdivieso G, Exposito-Rodriguez M, Stallard EJ, Bowden L, Moore JD, Mead A, Davey PA, Matthews JSA, Beynon J, Buchanan-Wollaston V, Wild DL, Lawson T, Bechtold U, Denby KJ, Mullineaux PM. Time-series transcriptomics reveals a BBX32-directed control of acclimation to high light in mature Arabidopsis leaves. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1363-1386. [PMID: 34160110 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic capacity of mature leaves increases after several days' exposure to constant or intermittent episodes of high light (HL) and is manifested primarily as changes in chloroplast physiology. How this chloroplast-level acclimation to HL is initiated and controlled is unknown. From expanded Arabidopsis leaves, we determined HL-dependent changes in transcript abundance of 3844 genes in a 0-6 h time-series transcriptomics experiment. It was hypothesized that among such genes were those that contribute to the initiation of HL acclimation. By focusing on differentially expressed transcription (co-)factor genes and applying dynamic statistical modelling to the temporal transcriptomics data, a regulatory network of 47 predominantly photoreceptor-regulated transcription (co-)factor genes was inferred. The most connected gene in this network was B-BOX DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN32 (BBX32). Plants overexpressing BBX32 were strongly impaired in acclimation to HL and displayed perturbed expression of photosynthesis-associated genes under LL and after exposure to HL. These observations led to demonstrating that as well as regulation of chloroplast-level acclimation by BBX32, CRYPTOCHROME1, LONG HYPOCOTYL5, CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 and SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 are important. In addition, the BBX32-centric gene regulatory network provides a view of the transcriptional control of acclimation in mature leaves distinct from other photoreceptor-regulated processes, such as seedling photomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ellie J Stallard
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Laura Bowden
- School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jonathan D Moore
- School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrew Mead
- School of Life Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Phillip A Davey
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Jack S A Matthews
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Jim Beynon
- Department of Statistics, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - David L Wild
- Department of Statistics, Warwick University, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Tracy Lawson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Ulrike Bechtold
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Katherine J Denby
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (CNAP), Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Philip M Mullineaux
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Phua SY, De Smet B, Remacle C, Chan KX, Van Breusegem F. Reactive oxygen species and organellar signaling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5807-5824. [PMID: 34009340 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of photosynthesis and its associated metabolic pathways has been crucial to the successful establishment of plants, but has also challenged plant cells in the form of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Intriguingly, multiple forms of ROS are generated in virtually every plant cell compartment through diverse pathways. As a result, a sophisticated network of ROS detoxification and signaling that is simultaneously tailored to individual organelles and safeguards the entire cell is necessary. Here we take an organelle-centric view on the principal sources and sinks of ROS across the plant cell and provide insights into the ROS-induced organelle to nucleus retrograde signaling pathways needed for operational readjustments during environmental stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Yin Phua
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent,Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent,Belgium
| | - Barbara De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent,Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent,Belgium
| | - Claire Remacle
- Genetics and Physiology of Microalgae, InBios/Phytosystems, Université de Liège, Liège,Belgium
| | - Kai Xun Chan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent,Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent,Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent,Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent,Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Qiao MY, Zhang YJ, Liu LA, Shi L, Ma QH, Chow WS, Jiang CD. Do rapid photosynthetic responses protect maize leaves against photoinhibition under fluctuating light? PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 149:57-68. [PMID: 32783175 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants in their natural environment are often exposed to fluctuating light because of self-shading and cloud movements. As changing frequency is a key characteristic of fluctuating light, we speculated that rapid light fluctuation may induce rapid photosynthetic responses, which may protect leaves against photoinhibition. To test this hypothesis, maize seedlings were grown under fluctuating light with various frequencies (1, 10, and 100 cycles of fluctuations/10 h), and changes in growth, chlorophyll content, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and P700 were analyzed carefully. Our data show that though the growth and light-saturated photosynthetic rate were depressed by rapidly fluctuating light, photosynthesis induction was clearly speeded up. Furthermore, more rapid fluctuation of light strikingly reduced the chlorophyll content, while thermal dissipation was triggered and enhanced. The chlorophyll a fluorescence induction kinetics and P700 absorption results showed that the activities of both photosystem II and photosystem I decreased as the frequency of the fluctuating light increased. In all treatments, the light intensities of the fluctuating light were kept constant. Therefore, rapid light fluctuation frequency itself induced the acceleration of photosynthetic induction and the enhancement of photoprotection in maize seedlings, which play important roles in protecting photosynthetic apparatus against fluctuating high light to a certain extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li-An Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Wah Soon Chow
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Chuang-Dao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Photosynthesis-independent production of reactive oxygen species in the rice bundle sheath during high light is mediated by NADPH oxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2022702118. [PMID: 34155141 PMCID: PMC8237631 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2022702118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
When exposed to high light, plants produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). In Arabidopsis thaliana, local stress such as excess heat or light initiates a systemic ROS wave in phloem and xylem cells dependent on NADPH oxidase/respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) proteins. In the case of excess light, although the initial local accumulation of ROS preferentially takes place in bundle-sheath strands, little is known about how this response takes place. Using rice and the ROS probes diaminobenzidine and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, we found that, after exposure to high light, ROS were produced more rapidly in bundle-sheath strands than mesophyll cells. This response was not affected either by CO2 supply or photorespiration. Consistent with these findings, deep sequencing of messenger RNA (mRNA) isolated from mesophyll or bundle-sheath strands indicated balanced accumulation of transcripts encoding all major components of the photosynthetic apparatus. However, transcripts encoding several isoforms of the superoxide/H2O2-producing enzyme NADPH oxidase were more abundant in bundle-sheath strands than mesophyll cells. ROS production in bundle-sheath strands was decreased in mutant alleles of the bundle-sheath strand preferential isoform of OsRBOHA and increased when it was overexpressed. Despite the plethora of pathways able to generate ROS in response to excess light, NADPH oxidase-mediated accumulation of ROS in the rice bundle-sheath strand was detected in etiolated leaves lacking chlorophyll. We conclude that photosynthesis is not necessary for the local ROS response to high light but is in part mediated by NADPH oxidase activity.
Collapse
|
30
|
Liang W, Chen Y, Li X, Guo F, Sun J, Zhang X, Xu B, Gao W. Label-Free Proteomic Analysis of Smoke-Drying and Shade-Drying Processes of Postharvest Rhubarb: A Comparative Study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:663180. [PMID: 34140961 PMCID: PMC8205111 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.663180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest processing plays a very important role in improving the quality of traditional Chinese medicine. According to previous studies, smoke-drying could significantly promote the accumulation of the bioactive components and pharmacological activities of rhubarb, but so far, the molecular mechanism has not been studied yet. In this research, to study the molecular mechanisms of postharvest processing for rhubarb during shade-drying and smoke-drying, label-free proteomic analyses were conducted. In total, 1,927 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified from rhubarb samples treated by different drying methods. These DAPs were mainly involved in response and defense, signal transduction, starch, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and anthraquinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis. Smoke-drying significantly enhanced the expression of proteins involved in these metabolic pathways. Accordingly, the molecular mechanism of the accumulation of effective ingredients of rhubarb was clarified, which provided a novel insight into the biosynthesis of active ingredients that occur during the rhubarb dry process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengxia Guo
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Virtanen O, Khorobrykh S, Tyystjärvi E. Acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to extremely strong light. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 147:91-106. [PMID: 33280077 PMCID: PMC7728646 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Most photosynthetic organisms are sensitive to very high light, although acclimation mechanisms enable them to deal with exposure to strong light up to a point. Here we show that cultures of wild-type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain cc124, when exposed to photosynthetic photon flux density 3000 μmol m-2 s-1 for a couple of days, are able to suddenly attain the ability to grow and thrive. We compared the phenotypes of control cells and cells acclimated to this extreme light (EL). The results suggest that genetic or epigenetic variation, developing during maintenance of the population in moderate light, contributes to the acclimation capability. EL acclimation was associated with a high carotenoid-to-chlorophyll ratio and slowed down PSII charge recombination reactions, probably by affecting the pre-exponential Arrhenius factor of the rate constant. In agreement with these findings, EL acclimated cells showed only one tenth of the 1O2 level of control cells. In spite of low 1O2 levels, the rate of the damaging reaction of PSII photoinhibition was similar in EL acclimated and control cells. Furthermore, EL acclimation was associated with slow PSII electron transfer to artificial quinone acceptors. The data show that ability to grow and thrive in extremely strong light is not restricted to photoinhibition-resistant organisms such as Chlorella ohadii or to high-light tolerant mutants, but a wild-type strain of a common model microalga has this ability as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olli Virtanen
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Sergey Khorobrykh
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Esa Tyystjärvi
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kalmatskaya OA, Trubitsin BV, Suslichenko IS, Karavaev VA, Tikhonov AN. Electron transport in Tradescantia leaves acclimated to high and low light: thermoluminescence, PAM-fluorometry, and EPR studies. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 146:123-141. [PMID: 32594291 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using thermoluminescence, PAM-fluorometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) for assaying electron transport processes in chloroplasts in situ, we have compared photosynthetic characteristics in Tradescantia fluminensis leaves grown under low light (LL, 50-125 µmol photons m-2 s-1) or high light (HL, 875-1000 µmol photons m-2 s-1) condition. We found differences in the thermoluminescence (TL) spectra of LL- and HL-acclimated leaves. The LL and HL leaves show different proportions of the Q (~ 0 °C) and B (~ 25-30 °C) bands in their TL spectra; the ratios of the "light sums" of the Q and B bands being SQ/SB ≈ 1/1 (LL) and SQ/SB ≈ 1/3 (HL). This suggests the existence of different redox states of electron carriers on the acceptor side of PSII in LL and HL leaves, which may be affected, in particular, by different capacities of their photo-reducible PQ pools. Enhanced content of PQ in chloroplasts of LL leaves may be the reason for an efficient performance of photosynthesis at low irradiance. Kinetic studies of slow induction of Chl a fluorescence and measurements of P700 photooxidation by EPR demonstrate that HL leaves have faster (about 2 times) response to switching on actinic light as compared to LL leaves grown at moderate irradiation. HL leaves also show higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of Chl a fluorescence. These properties of HL leaves (faster response to light and generation of enhanced NPQ) reflect the flexibility of their photosynthetic apparatus, providing sustainability and rapid response to fluctuations of environmental light intensity and solar stress resistance. Analysis of time-courses of the EPR signals of [Formula: see text] induced by far-red (λmax = 707 nm), exciting predominantly PSI, and white light, exciting both PSI and PSII, suggests that there is a contribution of cyclic electron flow around PSI to electron flow through PSI in HL leaves. The data obtained are discussed in terms of photosynthetic apparatus sustainability of HL and LL leaves under variable irradiation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Boris V Trubitsin
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor S Suslichenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexander N Tikhonov
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Babla MH, Tissue DT, Cazzonelli CI, Chen ZH. Effect of high light on canopy-level photosynthesis and leaf mesophyll ion flux in tomato. PLANTA 2020; 252:80. [PMID: 33037481 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study highlights the potential link between high light-induced canopy-level photosynthesis and mesophyll cell K+, Cl-, Ca2+, and H+ homeostasis in tomato. Light is a primary energy source for photosynthesis and a vital regulator of mineral nutrient uptake and distribution in plants. Plants need to optimize photosynthesis and nutrient balance in leaves for performance in fluctuating light conditions that are partially regulated by light-induced ion homeostatsis in the mesophyll cells. It is still elusive whether high light-induced leaf mesophyll ion fluxes affect leaf photosynthesis at different canopy levels in Solanum lycopersicum L. Leaf gas exchange and microelectrode ion flux (MIFE) measurements were employed to study the effects of prolonged light-induced canopy-level leaf physiological responses of tomato plants. High light resulted in a significant lowering in photosynthesis in the fully-exposed top canopy leaves of tomato, but not to mid- or low-canopy leaves. Leaf mesophyll K+ effluxes of all canopies were significantly decreased after three weeks of high light treatment. However, high light-induced leaf mesophyll Ca2+ effluxes were significantly enhanced only in the top and mid canopies. Moreover, we found that photosynthetic parameters were significantly correlated with leaf mesophyll ion fluxes. We thus propose that canopy-level significant Ca2+ efflux and K+ efflux of leaf mesophyll may serve as early indicators for light-induced regulation on photosynthesis. We conclude that light-induced differential photosynthetic performance and ion fluxes in leaves may implicate a requirement of more uniform light irradiance and spectra at different canopy levels of tall greenhouse tomato plants. This can be achieved through new innovative greenhouse lighting technologies and covering materials towards the enhancement of crop photosynthesis and yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Thomas Tissue
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | | | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Transient depletion of transported metabolites in the streaming cytoplasm of Chara upon shading the long-distance transmission pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148257. [PMID: 32621805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Export of reducing power from chloroplasts to cytoplasm serves to balance the NADPH/ATP ratio that is optimal for CO2 assimilation. Rapid cytoplasmic streaming in characean algae conveys the exported metabolites downstream towards the shaded plastids where envelope transporters may operate for the import of reducing power in accordance with the direction of concentration gradients. Import of reducing equivalents by chloroplasts in the analyzed area transiently enhances the pulse-modulated chlorophyll fluorescence F' controlled by the redox state of photosystem II acceptor QA. When the microfluidic pathway was transferred to darkness while the analyzed cell area remained in dim background light, the amplitude of cyclosis-mediated F' changes dropped sharply and then recovered within 5-10 min. The suppression of long-distance signaling indicates temporal depletion of transmitted metabolites in the streaming cytoplasm. The return to overall background illumination induced an exceptionally large F' response to the first local light pulse admitted to a remote cell region. This indicates the appearance of excess reductants in the streaming cytoplasm at a certain stage of photosynthetic induction. The results suggest highly dynamic exchange of metabolites between stationary chloroplasts lining the microfluidic pathway and the streaming cytoplasm upon light-dark and dark-light transitions. Evidence is obtained that slow stages of chlorophyll fluorescence induction in algae with rapid cytoplasmic streaming directly depend on cyclosis-mediated long-distance delivery of metabolites produced far beyond the analyzed cell area.
Collapse
|
35
|
Cui P, Li Y, Cui C, Huo Y, Lu G, Yang H. Proteomic and metabolic profile analysis of low-temperature storage responses in Ipomoea batata Lam. tuberous roots. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:435. [PMID: 32957906 PMCID: PMC7507648 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of the seven major food crops grown worldwide. Cold stress often can cause protein expression pattern and substance contents variations for tuberous roots of sweetpotato during low-temperature storage. Recently, we developed proteometabolic profiles of the fresh sweetpotatoes (cv. Xinxiang) in an attempt to discern the cold stress-responsive mechanism of tuberous root crops during post-harvest storage. RESULTS For roots stored under 4 °C condition, the CI index, REC and MDA content in roots were significantly higher than them at control temperature (13 °C). The activities of SOD, CAT, APX, O2.- producing rate, proline and especially soluble sugar contents were also significantly increased. Most of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were implicated in pathways related to metabolic pathway, especially phenylpropanoids and followed by starch and sucrose metabolism. L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 and catalase were down-regulated during low temperature storage. α-amylase, sucrose synthase and fructokinase were significantly up-regulated in starch and sucrose metabolism, while β-glucosidase, glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl-transferase and starch synthase were opposite. Furthermore, metabolome profiling revealed that glucosinolate biosynthesis, tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis as well as protein digestion and absorption played a leading role in metabolic pathways of roots. Leucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, isoleucine and valine were all significantly up-regulated in glucosinolate biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Our proteomic and metabolic profile analysis of sweetpotatoes stored at low temperature reveal that the antioxidant enzymes activities, proline and especially soluble sugar content were significantly increased. Most of the DEPs were implicated in phenylpropanoids and followed by starch and sucrose metabolism. The discrepancy between proteomic (L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 and catalase) and biochemical (CAT/APX activity) data may be explained by higher H2O2 levels and increased ascorbate redox states, which enhanced the CAT/APX activity indirectly. Glucosinolate biosynthesis played a leading role in metabolic pathways. Leucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, isoleucine and valine were all significantly up-regulated in glucosinolate biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Chenke Cui
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yanrong Huo
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Guoquan Lu
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Huqing Yang
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Huang J, Zhao X, Chory J. The Arabidopsis Transcriptome Responds Specifically and Dynamically to High Light Stress. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4186-4199.e3. [PMID: 31851942 PMCID: PMC7030938 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic and specific transcriptome for high light (HL) stress in plants is poorly understood because heat has confounded previous studies. Here, we perform an in-depth temporal responsive transcriptome analysis and identify the core HL-responsive genes. By eliminating the effect of heat, we uncover a set of genes specifically regulated by high-intensity light-driven signaling. We find that 79% of HL-responsive genes restore their expression to baseline within a 14-h recovery period. Our study reveals that plants respond to HL through dynamic regulation of hormones, particularly abscisic acid (ABA), photosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid pathway genes. Blue/UV-A photoreceptors and phytochrome-interacting factor (PIF) genes are also responsive to HL. We further show that ABA biosynthesis-defective mutant nced3nced5, as well as pif4, pif5, pif4,5, and pif1,3,4,5 mutants, are hypersensitive to HL. Our study presents the dynamic and specific high-intensity light-driven transcriptional landscape in plants during HL stress. Huang et al. present the specific and dynamic transcriptome for high-intensity light (HL) stress in plants. They identify the core HL-responsive genes and uncover that plants respond to HL by dynamically regulating hormones, anthocyanin, photosynthesis, photoreceptors, and PIF genes. They show that ABA and PIFs are required for HL response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Huang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Joanne Chory
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang Y, Kaiser E, Marcelis LFM, Yang Q, Li T. Salt stress and fluctuating light have separate effects on photosynthetic acclimation, but interactively affect biomass. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2192-2206. [PMID: 32463133 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In nature, soil salinity and fluctuating light (FL) often occur concomitantly. However, it is unknown whether salt stress interacts with FL on leaf photosynthesis, architecture, biochemistry, pigmentation, mineral concentrations, as well as whole-plant biomass. To elucidate this, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings were grown under constant light (C, 200 μmol m-2 s-1 ) or FL (5-650 μmol m-2 s-1 ), in combination with no (0 mM NaCl) or moderate (80 mM NaCl) salinity, for 14 days, at identical photoperiods and daily light integrals. FL and salt stress had separate effects on leaf anatomy, biochemistry and photosynthetic capacity: FL reduced leaf thickness as well as nitrogen, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents per unit leaf area, but rarely affected steady-state and dynamic photosynthetic properties along with abundance of key proteins in the electron transport chain. Salt stress, meanwhile, mainly disorganized chloroplast grana stacking, reduced stomatal density, size and aperture as well as photosynthetic capacity. Plant biomass was affected interactively by light regime and salt stress: FL reduced biomass in salt stressed plants by 17%, but it did not affect biomass of non-stressed plants. Our results stress the importance of considering FL when inferring effects of salt-stress on photosynthesis and productivity under fluctuating light intensities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elias Kaiser
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo F M Marcelis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Qichang Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
da Rocha Nina Junior A, Furtunato Maia JM, Vitor Martins SC, Gonçalves JFDC. Photochemical Efficiency and Oxidative Metabolism of Tree Species during Acclimation to High and Low Irradiance. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9081047. [PMID: 32824598 PMCID: PMC7463730 DOI: 10.3390/plants9081047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The balance between efficiency of absorption and use of light energy is fundamental for plant metabolism and to avoid photoinhibition. Here, we investigated the effects of light environments on the photosynthetic apparatus of tropical tree species of three successional groups (pioneer, mid-, and late successional) subjected to different light conditions: full sunlight (FS), moderate shade (MS), and deep shade (DS). Twenty-nine ecophysiological parameters were correlated with each other. The pioneer species exhibited better photochemical performance and a more efficient antioxidant enzymatic system in comparison with the other successional groups. Plants in FS showed higher intensity of lipid peroxidation, with superoxide dismutase having a prominent role in the antioxidant system. At lower irradiance the enzymatic activity was reduced, and the photochemical efficiency was the preferred way to reduce oxidative damages. P was highly related to photochemical yield, and the N modulation amplified the light harvesting complex in DS to the detriment of the antioxidant system. Despite evidence of cell damage, most species exhibited the ability to adjust to high irradiance. Contrary to expectations, Hymenea courbaril (late-successional) exhibited higher plasticity to fluorescence, nutritional, and antioxidant parameters. Only Carapa guianensis (late-successional) displayed photoinhibitory damage in FS, and Ochroma pyramidale (pioneer) did not survive in DS, suggesting that acclimation to shade is more challenging than to high irradiance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adamir da Rocha Nina Junior
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas (IFAM)–Campus Humaitá, BR230 Highway, KM 07, Humaitá-AM 69.800-000, Brazil;
| | - Jair Max Furtunato Maia
- University of State of Amazonas (UEA), Av. Djalma Batista, 2470, Manaus-AM 69.050-010, Brazil;
| | | | - José Francisco de Carvalho Gonçalves
- National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, Manaus-AM 69.011-970, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Unal D, García-Caparrós P, Kumar V, Dietz KJ. Chloroplast-associated molecular patterns as concept for fine-tuned operational retrograde signalling. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190443. [PMID: 32362264 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroplasts compose about one-quarter of the mesophyll cell volume and contain about 60% of the cell protein. Photosynthetic carbon assimilation is the dominating metabolism in illuminated leaves. To optimize the resource expenditure in these costly organelles and to control and adjust chloroplast metabolism, an intensive transfer of information between nucleus-cytoplasm and chloroplasts occurs in both directions as anterograde and retrograde signalling. Recent research identified multiple retrograde pathways that use metabolite transfer and include reaction products of lipids and carotenoids with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Other pathways use metabolites of carbon, sulfur and nitrogen metabolism, low molecular weight antioxidants and hormone precursors to carry information between the cell compartments. This review focuses on redox- and ROS-related retrograde signalling pathways. In analogy to the microbe-associated molecular pattern, we propose the term 'chloroplast-associated molecular pattern' which connects chloroplast performance to extrachloroplast processes such as nuclear gene transcription, posttranscriptional processing, including translation, and RNA and protein fate. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Unal
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany.,Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Science and Letter, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, 11230 Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Pedro García-Caparrós
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany.,Department of Agronomy, University of Almeria, Higher Engineering School, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Morales A, Kaiser E. Photosynthetic Acclimation to Fluctuating Irradiance in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:268. [PMID: 32265952 PMCID: PMC7105707 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Unlike the short-term responses of photosynthesis to fluctuating irradiance, the long-term response (i.e., acclimation) at the chloroplast, leaf, and plant level has received less attention so far. The ability of plants to acclimate to irradiance fluctuations and the speed at which this acclimation occurs are potential limitations to plant growth under field conditions, and therefore this process deserves closer study. In the first section of this review, we look at the sources of natural irradiance fluctuations, their effects on short-term photosynthesis, and the interaction of these effects with circadian rhythms. This is followed by an overview of the mechanisms that are involved in acclimation to fluctuating (or changes of) irradiance. We highlight the chain of events leading to acclimation: retrograde signaling, systemic acquired acclimation (SAA), gene transcription, and changes in protein abundance. We also review how fluctuating irradiance is applied in experiments and highlight the fact that they are significantly slower than natural fluctuations in the field, although the technology to achieve realistic fluctuations exists. Finally, we review published data on the effects of growing plants under fluctuating irradiance on different plant traits, across studies, spatial scales, and species. We show that, when plants are grown under fluctuating irradiance, the chlorophyll a/b ratio and plant biomass decrease, specific leaf area increases, and photosynthetic capacity as well as root/shoot ratio are, on average, unaffected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Morales
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Science Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elias Kaiser
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Plant Science Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Niedermaier S, Schneider T, Bahl MO, Matsubara S, Huesgen PF. Photoprotective Acclimation of the Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf Proteome to Fluctuating Light. Front Genet 2020; 11:154. [PMID: 32194630 PMCID: PMC7066320 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are subjected to strong fluctuations in light intensity in their natural growth environment, caused both by unpredictable changes due to weather conditions and movement of clouds and upper canopy leaves and predictable changes during day-night cycle. The mechanisms of long-term acclimation to fluctuating light (FL) are still not well understood. Here, we used quantitative mass spectrometry to investigate long-term acclimation of low light-grown Arabidopsis thaliana to a FL condition that induces mild photooxidative stress. On the third day of exposure to FL, young and mature leaves were harvested in the morning and at the end of day for proteome analysis using a stable isotope labeling approach. We identified 2,313 proteins, out of which 559 proteins exhibited significant changes in abundance in at least one of the four experimental groups (morning-young, morning-mature, end-of-day-young, end-of-day-mature). A core set of 49 proteins showed significant responses to FL in three or four experimental groups, which included enhanced accumulation of proteins involved in photoprotection, cyclic electron flow around photosystem I, photorespiration, and glycolysis, while specific glutathione transferases and proteins involved in translation and chlorophyll biosynthesis were reduced in abundance. In addition, we observed pathway- and protein-specific changes predominantly at the end of day, whereas few changes were observed exclusively in the morning. Comparison of the proteome data with the matching transcript data revealed gene- and protein-specific responses, with several chloroplast-localized proteins decreasing in abundance despite increased gene expression under FL. Together, our data shows moderate but widespread alterations of protein abundance during acclimation to FL and suggests an important role of post-transcriptional regulation of protein abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Trang Schneider
- IBG-2 Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,iGRAD-Plant, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Pitter F Huesgen
- ZEA-3 Analytics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang B, Jia J. Photoprotection mechanisms of Nannochloropsis oceanica in response to light stress. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
43
|
Ascorbate and Thiamin: Metabolic Modulators in Plant Acclimation Responses. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9010101. [PMID: 31941157 PMCID: PMC7020166 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell compartmentalization allows incompatible chemical reactions and localised responses to occur simultaneously, however, it also requires a complex system of communication between compartments in order to maintain the functionality of vital processes. It is clear that multiple such signals must exist, yet little is known about the identity of the key players orchestrating these interactions or about the role in the coordination of other processes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a considerable number of metabolites in common and are interdependent at multiple levels. Therefore, metabolites represent strong candidates as communicators between these organelles. In this context, vitamins and similar small molecules emerge as possible linkers to mediate metabolic crosstalk between compartments. This review focuses on two vitamins as potential metabolic signals within the plant cell, vitamin C (L-ascorbate) and vitamin B1 (thiamin). These two vitamins demonstrate the importance of metabolites in shaping cellular processes working as metabolic signals during acclimation processes. Inferences based on the combined studies of environment, genotype, and metabolite, in order to unravel signaling functions, are also highlighted.
Collapse
|
44
|
Samuolienė G, Viršilė A, Miliauskienė J, Haimi PJ, Laužikė K, Brazaitytė A, Duchovskis P. The Physiological Response of Lettuce to Red and Blue Light Dynamics Over Different Photoperiods. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:610174. [PMID: 33643330 PMCID: PMC7907654 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.610174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dynamic red and blue light parameters on the physiological responses and key metabolites in lettuce and also the subsequent impact of varying light spectra on nutritive value. We explored the metabolic changes in carotenes, xanthophylls, soluble sugars, organic acids, and antioxidants; the response of photosynthetic indices [photosynthetic (Pr) and transpiration (Tr) rates]; and the intracellular to ambient CO2 concentration ratios (C i /C a ) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. "Lobjoits Green Cos"). They were cultivated under constant (con) or parabolic (dyn) blue (B, 452 nm) and/or red (R, 662 nm) light-emitting diode (LED) photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs) at 12, 16, and 20 h photoperiods, maintaining consistent daily light integrals (DLIs) for each light component in all treatments, at 2.3 and 9.2 mol m-2 per day for blue and red light, respectively. The obtained results and principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed a significant impact of the light spectrum, photoperiod, and parabolic profiles of PPFD on the physiological response of lettuce. The 16 h photoperiod resulted in significantly higher content of xanthophylls (neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin) in lettuce leaves under both constant and parabolic blue light treatments (BconRdyn 16 h and BdynRdyn 16 h, respectively). Lower PPFD levels under a 20 h photoperiod (BdynRdyn 20 h) as well as higher PPFD levels under a 12 h photoperiod (BdynRdyn 12 h) had a pronounced impact on leaf gas exchange indices (Pr, Tr, C i /C a ), xanthophylls, soluble sugar contents, and antioxidant properties of lettuce leaves. The parabolic PPFD lighting profile over a 16 h photoperiod (BdynRdyn 16 h) led to a significant decrease in C i /C a , which resulted in decreased Pr and Tr, compared with constant blue or red light treatments with the same photoperiod (BconRdyn and BdynRcon 16 h). Additionally, constant blue lighting produced higher α + β-carotene and anthocyanin (ARI) content and increased carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio (CRI) but decreased biomass accumulation and antioxidant activity.
Collapse
|
45
|
High-Resolution Lysine Acetylome Profiling by Offline Fractionation and Immunoprecipitation. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2139:241-256. [PMID: 32462591 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0528-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation of lysine side chains at their ε-amino group is a reversible posttranslational modification (PTM), which can affect diverse protein functions. Lysine acetylation was first described on histones, and nowadays gains more and more attention due to its more general occurrence in proteomes, and its possible crosstalk with other protein modifications. Here we describe a workflow to investigate the acetylation of lysine-containing peptides on a large scale. For this high-resolution lysine acetylome analysis, dimethyl-labeled peptide samples are pooled and offline-fractionated using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). The offline fractionation is followed by an immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for data acquisition and subsequent data analysis.
Collapse
|
46
|
Ganguly DR, Stone BAB, Bowerman AF, Eichten SR, Pogson BJ. Excess Light Priming in Arabidopsis thaliana Genotypes with Altered DNA Methylomes. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2019; 9:3611-3621. [PMID: 31484672 PMCID: PMC6829136 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants must continuously react to the ever-fluctuating nature of their environment. Repeated exposure to stressful conditions can lead to priming, whereby prior encounters heighten a plant's ability to respond to future events. A clear example of priming is provided by the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), in which photosynthetic and photoprotective responses are enhanced following recurring light stress. While there are various post-translational mechanisms underpinning photoprotection, an unresolved question is the relative importance of transcriptional changes toward stress priming and, consequently, the potential contribution from DNA methylation - a heritable chemical modification of DNA capable of influencing gene expression. Here, we systematically investigate the potential molecular underpinnings of physiological priming against recurring excess-light (EL), specifically DNA methylation and transcriptional regulation: the latter having not been examined with respect to EL priming. The capacity for physiological priming of photosynthetic and photoprotective parameters following a recurring EL treatment was not impaired in Arabidopsis mutants with perturbed establishment, maintenance, or removal of DNA methylation. Importantly, no differences in development or basal photoprotective capacity were identified in the mutants that may confound the above result. Little evidence for a causal transcriptional component of physiological priming was identified; in fact, most alterations in primed plants presented as a transcriptional 'dampening' in response to an additional EL exposure, likely a consequence of physiological priming. However, a set of transcripts uniquely regulated in primed plants provide preliminary evidence for a novel transcriptional component of recurring EL priming, independent of physiological changes. Thus, we propose that physiological priming of recurring EL in Arabidopsis occurs independently of DNA methylation; and that the majority of the associated transcriptional alterations are a consequence, not cause, of this physiological priming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diep R Ganguly
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University Canberra, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Bethany A B Stone
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University Canberra, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Andrew F Bowerman
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University Canberra, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Steven R Eichten
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University Canberra, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Barry J Pogson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University Canberra, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ritter SPA, Lewis AC, Vincent SL, Lo LL, Cunha APA, Chamot D, Ensminger I, Espie GS, Owttrim GW. Evidence for convergent sensing of multiple abiotic stresses in cyanobacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129462. [PMID: 31669584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria routinely utilize two-component signal transduction pathways to sense and alter gene expression in response to environmental cues. While cyanobacteria express numerous two-component systems, these pathways do not regulate all of the genes within many of the identified abiotic stress-induced regulons. METHODS Electron transport inhibitors combined with western analysis and measurement of chlorophyll a fluorescent yield, using pulse amplitude modulation fluorometry, were used to detect the effect of a diverse range of abiotic stresses on the redox status of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and the accumulation and degradation of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 DEAD box RNA helicase, CrhR. RESULTS Alterations in CrhR abundance were tightly correlated with the redox poise of the electron transport chain between QA and cytochrome b6f, with reduction favoring CrhR accumulation. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence for an alternative, convergent sensing mechanism mediated through the redox poise of QB/PQH2 that senses multiple, divergent forms of abiotic stress and regulates accumulation of CrhR. The RNA helicase activity of CrhR could then function as a post-translational effector to regulate downstream gene expression. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The potential for a related system in Staphylococcus aureus and higher plant chloroplasts suggest convergent sensing mechanisms may be evolutionarily conserved and occur more widely than anticipated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P A Ritter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Allison C Lewis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, Dresden 01307, Germany.
| | - Shelby L Vincent
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Li Ling Lo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | | | - Danuta Chamot
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Ingo Ensminger
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - George S Espie
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - George W Owttrim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Microcosm Experiment to Assess the Capacity of a Poplar Clone to Grow in a PCB-Contaminated Soil. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11112220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated byphenyls (PCBs) are a class of Persistent Organic Pollutants extremely hard to remove from soil. The use of plants to promote the degradation of PCBs, thanks to synergic interactions between roots and the natural soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere, has been proved to constitute an effective and environmentally friendly remediation technique. Preliminary microcosm experiments were conducted in a greenhouse for 12 months to evaluate the capacity of the Monviso hybrid poplar clone, a model plant for phytoremediation, to grow in a low quality and PCB-contaminated soil in order to assess if this clone could be subsequently used in a field experiment. For this purpose, three different soil conditions (Microbiologically Active, Pre-sterilized and Hypoxic soils) were set up in order to assess the capacity of this clone to grow in the polluted soil in these different conditions and support the soil microbial community activity. The growth and physiology (chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, ascorbate, phenolic compounds and flavonoid contents) of the poplar were determined. Moreover, chemical analyses were performed to assess the concentrations of PCB indicators in soil and plant roots. Finally, the microbial community was evaluated in terms of total abundance and activity under the different experimental conditions. Results showed that the poplar clone was able to grow efficiently in the contaminated soil and to promote microbial transformations of PCBs. Plants grown in the hypoxic condition promoted the formation of a higher number of higher-chlorinated PCBs and accumulated lower PCBs in their roots. However, plants in this condition showed a higher stress level than the other microcosms, producing higher amounts of phenolic, flavonoid and ascorbate contents, as a defence mechanism.
Collapse
|
49
|
Poorter H, Niinemets Ü, Ntagkas N, Siebenkäs A, Mäenpää M, Matsubara S, Pons T. A meta-analysis of plant responses to light intensity for 70 traits ranging from molecules to whole plant performance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1073-1105. [PMID: 30802971 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
By means of meta-analyses we determined how 70 traits related to plant anatomy, morphology, chemistry, physiology, growth and reproduction are affected by daily light integral (DLI; mol photons m-2 d-1 ). A large database including 500 experiments with 760 plant species enabled us to determine generalized dose-response curves. Many traits increase with DLI in a saturating fashion. Some showed a more than 10-fold increase over the DLI range of 1-50 mol m-2 d-1 , such as the number of seeds produced per plant and the actual rate of photosynthesis. Strong decreases with DLI (up to three-fold) were observed for leaf area ratio and leaf payback time. Plasticity differences among species groups were generally small compared with the overall responses to DLI. However, for a number of traits, including photosynthetic capacity and realized growth, we found woody and shade-tolerant species to have lower plasticity. We further conclude that the direction and degree of trait changes adheres with responses to plant density and to vertical light gradients within plant canopies. This synthesis provides a strong quantitative basis for understanding plant acclimation to light, from molecular to whole plant responses, but also identifies the variables that currently form weak spots in our knowledge, such as respiration and reproductive characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Poorter
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51006, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn, 10130, Estonia
| | - Nikolaos Ntagkas
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Alrun Siebenkäs
- Department for Nature Conservation and Landscape Planning, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Strenzfelder Allee 28, 06406, Bernburg, Germany
| | - Maarit Mäenpää
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Shizue Matsubara
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - ThijsL Pons
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3512 PN, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sebastiani F, Torre S, Gori A, Brunetti C, Centritto M, Ferrini F, Tattini M. Dissecting Adaptation Mechanisms to Contrasting Solar Irradiance in the Mediterranean Shrub Cistus incanus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3599. [PMID: 31340536 PMCID: PMC6678608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms that are the base of the strategies adopted by Mediterranean plants to cope with the challenges imposed by limited or excessive solar radiation during the summer season have received limited attention. In our study, conducted on C. incanus plants growing in the shade or in full sunlight, we performed measurements of relevant physiological traits, such as leaf water potential, gas exchange and PSII photochemistry, RNA-Seq with de-novo assembly, and the analysis of differentially expressed genes. We also identified and quantified photosynthetic pigments, abscisic acid, and flavonoids. Here, we show major mechanisms regulating light perception and signaling which, in turn, sustain the shade avoidance syndrome displayed by the 'sun loving' C. incanus. We offer clear evidence of the detrimental effects of excessive light on both the assembly and the stability of PSII, and the activation of a suite of both repair and effective antioxidant mechanisms in sun-adapted leaves. For instance, our study supports the view of major antioxidant functions of zeaxanthin in sunny plants concomitantly challenged by severe drought stress. Finally, our study confirms the multiple functions served by flavonoids, both flavonols and flavanols, in the adaptive mechanisms of plants to the environmental pressures associated to Mediterranean climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Sebastiani
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), The National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Sara Torre
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), The National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Antonella Gori
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Cecilia Brunetti
- Institute of BioEconomy, The National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Mauro Centritto
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), The National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Massimiliano Tattini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), The National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|