1
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Mal S, Majumder D, Birari P, Sharma AK, Gupta U, Jana K, Kundu M, Basu J. The miR-26a/SIRT6/HIF-1α axis regulates glycolysis and inflammatory responses in host macrophages during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 39155147 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis. Here, a macrophage infection model was used to unravel the role of the histone deacetylase sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in Mtb-triggered regulation of the innate immune response. Mtb infection downregulated microRNA-26a and upregulated its target SIRT6. SIRT6 suppressed glycolysis and expression of HIF-1α-dependent glycolytic genes during infection. In addition, SIRT6 regulated the levels of intracellular succinate which controls stabilization of HIF-1α, as well as the release of interleukin (IL)-1β. Furthermore, SIRT6 inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory IL-6 but augmented anti-inflammatory arginase expression. The miR-26a/SIRT6/HIF-1α axis therefore regulates glycolysis and macrophage immune responses during Mtb infection. Our findings link SIRT6 to rewiring of macrophage signaling pathways facilitating dampening of the antibacterial immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Pankaj Birari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Umesh Gupta
- National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Disease, Agra, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Joyoti Basu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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2
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Lu Q, Chen B, Li A, Liang Q, Yao J, Tao Y, Dai F, Hu X, Lu J, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Long J, Zhang R, Liu Z. The correlation between HOMA-IR and cardiometabolic risk index among different metabolic adults: a cross-sectional study. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02332-y. [PMID: 39122878 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore the correlation between homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and cardiometabolic risk index(CMRI) among different metabolic adults to evaluate the value of HOMA-IR in predicting cardiometabolic risk. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months (from August 1, 2020 to February 18, 2022) and included 1550 participants divided into non-metabolic syndrome (non-MetS) group (n = 628) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) group (n = 922) in three centers of China. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between HOMA-IR, body fat percentage, BMI (body mass index), visceral fat index, waist-to-hip ratio, vitamin D, and CMRI. Further analysis was conducted to evaluate the ability of HOMA-IR in diagnosing high CMRI within different metabolic, gender, and age groups to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). RESULTS HOMA-IR was significantly higher in the MetS group compared with the non-MetS group (P < 0.05). CMRI was significantly higher in the MetS group compared to the non-MetS group (P < 0.05). According to ROC curve analysis, HOMA-IR can predict cardiovascular risk (CVR) in the general population, non-MetS individuals, and MetS people. Logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI, visceral fat index, waist-to-hip ratio, and HOMA-IR are independent risk indicators of high CVR, whereas vitamin D may exert a protective role. CONCLUSIONS HOMA-IR was an independent risk factor for increased CVR in MetS patients. Moreover, HOMA-IR elevates the risk of CVD regardless of MetS and thus can be used for screening the general population. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Number: ChiCTR2100054654).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Benjian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anxiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingshun Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Yao
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Dai
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiayan Lu
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunwei Liu
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingxi Wang
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieer Long
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhenjie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Qiao R, Guo J, Zhang C, Wang S, Fang J, Geng R, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. Diabetes-induced muscle wasting: molecular mechanisms and promising therapeutic targets. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39049742 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2382348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes has become a serious public health crisis, presenting significant challenges to individuals worldwide. As the largest organ in the human body, skeletal muscle is a significant target of this chronic disease, yet muscle wasting as a complication of diabetes is still not fully understood and effective treatment methods have yet to be developed. Here, we discuss the targets involved in inducing muscle wasting under diabetic conditions, both validated targets and emerging targets. Diabetes-induced skeletal muscle wasting is known to involve changes in various signaling molecules and pathways, such as protein degradation pathways, protein synthesis pathways, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress inflammation. Recent studies have shown that some of these present potential as promising therapeutic targets, including the neuregulin 1/epidermal growth factor receptor family, advanced glycation end-products, irisin, ferroptosis, growth differentiation factor 15 and more. This study's investigation and discussion of such pathways and their potential applications provides a theoretical basis for the development of clinical treatments for diabetes-induced muscle wasting and a foundation for continued focus on this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jingya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Chengmei Zhang
- Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Sirui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixuan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering and Solar Salt Research Center, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
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4
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Al Mamun A, Shao C, Geng P, Wang S, Xiao J. Pyroptosis in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and its Therapeutic Regulation. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3839-3864. [PMID: 38895141 PMCID: PMC11185259 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s465203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a pro-inflammatory form of cell death resulting from the activation of gasdermins (GSDMs) pore-forming proteins and the release of several pro-inflammatory factors. However, inflammasomes are the intracellular protein complexes that cleave gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to the formation of robust cell membrane pores and the initiation of pyroptosis. Inflammasome activation and gasdermin-mediated membrane pore formation are the important intrinsic processes in the classical pyroptotic signaling pathway. Overactivation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome triggers pyroptosis and amplifies inflammation. Current evidence suggests that the overactivation of inflammasomes and pyroptosis may further induce the progression of cancers, nerve injury, inflammatory disorders and metabolic dysfunctions. Current evidence also indicates that pyroptosis-dependent cell death accelerates the progression of diabetes and its frequent consequences including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Pyroptosis-mediated inflammatory reaction further exacerbates DPN-mediated CNS injury. Accumulating evidence shows that several molecular signaling mechanisms trigger pyroptosis in insulin-producing cells, further leading to the development of DPN. Numerous studies have suggested that certain natural compounds or drugs may possess promising pharmacological properties by modulating inflammasomes and pyroptosis, thereby offering potential preventive and practical therapeutic approaches for the treatment and management of DPN. This review elaborates on the underlying molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and explores possible therapeutic strategies for regulating pyroptosis-regulated cell death in the pharmacological treatment of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuxiao Shao
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiwu Geng
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuanghu Wang
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Wound Healing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Flores-Opazo M, Kopinke D, Helmbacher F, Fernández-Verdejo R, Tuñón-Suárez M, Lynch GS, Contreras O. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors in physiological adipogenesis and intermuscular adipose tissue remodeling. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101277. [PMID: 38788527 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is a common pathological feature in various metabolic and health conditions and can cause muscle atrophy, reduced function, inflammation, insulin resistance, cardiovascular issues, and unhealthy aging. Although IMAT results from fat accumulation in muscle, the mechanisms underlying its onset, development, cellular components, and functions remain unclear. IMAT levels are influenced by several factors, such as changes in the tissue environment, muscle type and origin, extent and duration of trauma, and persistent activation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). FAPs are a diverse and transcriptionally heterogeneous population of stromal cells essential for tissue maintenance, neuromuscular stability, and tissue regeneration. However, in cases of chronic inflammation and pathological conditions, FAPs expand and differentiate into adipocytes, resulting in the development of abnormal and ectopic IMAT. This review discusses the role of FAPs in adipogenesis and how they remodel IMAT. It highlights evidence supporting FAPs and FAP-derived adipocytes as constituents of IMAT, emphasizing their significance in adipose tissue maintenance and development, as well as their involvement in metabolic disorders, chronic pathologies and diseases. We also investigated the intricate molecular pathways and cell interactions governing FAP behavior, adipogenesis, and IMAT accumulation in chronic diseases and muscle deconditioning. Finally, we hypothesize that impaired cellular metabolic flexibility in dysfunctional muscles impacts FAPs, leading to IMAT. A deeper understanding of the biology of IMAT accumulation and the mechanisms regulating FAP behavior and fate are essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies for several debilitating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | - Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Laboratorio de Fisiología Del Ejercicio y Metabolismo (LABFEM), Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Chile.
| | - Mauro Tuñón-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Del Ejercicio y Metabolismo (LABFEM), Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Chile.
| | - Gordon S Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Parkville 3010, Australia.
| | - Osvaldo Contreras
- Developmental and Regenerative Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia.
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6
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Danduga RCSR, Kurapati AS, Shaik RA, Kola PK, Konidala SK, Varada HB. Synergistic Amelioration of Letrozole-induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Rats: A Therapeutic Approach with Apple Cider Vinegar and Metformin Combination. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01545-4. [PMID: 38777948 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01545-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the combination effect of apple cider vinegar (ACV) and metformin against letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Female Wistar rats were administered letrozole (1 mg/kg/day, p.o) for 21 days, except for the control group of animals. On the 22nd day, PCOS-induced animals were segregated into 4 groups and administered with CMC, ACV, metformin, and a combination of ACV and metformin, respectively. The treatments were continued for 15 days, and on the 36th day, all the animals were sacrificed for biochemical (blood glucose, lipid profile), hormonal (sex hormones and adiponectin), and pro-inflammatory mediator estimations in blood samples. The ovarian tissue samples were used for oxidative stress parameters and histological alterations. The PCOS control animals showed a significant alteration in the estrous cycle. The administration of letrozole resulted in the alteration of hormonal balance and elevation of body weights, glycemic state, lipid profile, pro-inflammatory mediators in serum, and oxidative stress in ovarian samples. Individual treatment groups and combination treatment groups reversed the letrozole-induced alterations in PCOS animals, and more promising results were observed with combination therapy than with individual treatment groups. Further, the therapeutic potential of the combination treatment group was also confirmed by the histological observations in the ovarian samples. The study showed that the combination of ACV and metformin significantly alleviated letrozole-induced PCOS complications in rats. This might have been achieved by mitigating the hormonal imbalance, pro-inflammatory, hyperglycemic, and hyperlipidemic states in serum, and oxidative stress in the ovary samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Chandra Sekhara Reddy Danduga
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
| | - Aarathi Shalom Kurapati
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya Nagarjuna University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, 522510, India
| | - Roohi Anju Shaik
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya Nagarjuna University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, 522510, India
| | - Phani Kumar Kola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58203, USA
| | - Sathish Kumar Konidala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Sciences, Technology, and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213, India
| | - Hema Bharathi Varada
- Department of Pharmacology, Acharya Nagarjuna University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, 522510, India
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7
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Vatashchuk MV, Bayliak MM, Hurza VV, Demianchuk OI, Gospodaryov DV, Lushchak VI. Alpha-ketoglutarate partially alleviates effects of high-fat high-fructose diet in mouse muscle. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1264-1277. [PMID: 38234967 PMCID: PMC10792174 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of high-calorie diets leads to excessive accumulation of storage lipids in adipose tissue. Metabolic changes occur not only in adipose tissue but in other tissues, too, such as liver, heart, muscle, and brain. This study aimed to explore the effects of high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) alone and in the combination with alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), a well-known cellular metabolite, on energy metabolism in the skeletal muscle of C57BL/6J mice. Five-month-old male mice were divided into four groups - the control one fed a standard diet (10 % kcal fat), HFFD group fed a high-fat high-fructose diet (45 % kcal fat, 15 % kcal fructose), AKG group fed a standard diet with 1 % sodium AKG in drinking water, and HFFD + AKG group fed HFFD and water with 1 % sodium AKG. The dietary regimens lasted 8 weeks. Mice fed HFFD had higher levels of storage triacylglycerides, lower levels of glycogen, and total water-soluble protein, and higher activities of key glycolytic enzymes, namely hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase, as compared with the control group. The results suggest that muscles of HFFD mice may suffer from lipotoxicity. In HFFD + AKG mice, levels of the metabolites and activities of glycolytic enzymes did not differ from the respective values in the control group, except for the activity of pyruvate kinase, which was significantly lower in HFFD + AKG group compared with the control. Thus, metabolic changes in mouse skeletal muscles, caused by HFFD, were alleviated by AKG, indicating a protective role of AKG regarding lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myroslava V. Vatashchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Maria M. Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia V. Hurza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Oleh I. Demianchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro V. Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr I. Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
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8
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Alassaf M, Rajan A. Diet-induced glial insulin resistance impairs the clearance of neuronal debris in Drosophila brain. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002359. [PMID: 37934726 PMCID: PMC10629620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing neurodegenerative disorders, yet the precise mechanisms underlying this connection remain unclear. Defects in glial phagocytic function are a key feature of neurodegenerative disorders, as delayed clearance of neuronal debris can result in inflammation, neuronal death, and poor nervous system recovery. Mounting evidence indicates that glial function can affect feeding behavior, weight, and systemic metabolism, suggesting that diet may play a role in regulating glial function. While it is appreciated that glial cells are insulin sensitive, whether obesogenic diets can induce glial insulin resistance and thereby impair glial phagocytic function remains unknown. Here, using a Drosophila model, we show that a chronic obesogenic diet induces glial insulin resistance and impairs the clearance of neuronal debris. Specifically, obesogenic diet exposure down-regulates the basal and injury-induced expression of the glia-associated phagocytic receptor, Draper. Constitutive activation of systemic insulin release from Drosophila insulin-producing cells (IPCs) mimics the effect of diet-induced obesity on glial Draper expression. In contrast, genetically attenuating systemic insulin release from the IPCs rescues diet-induced glial insulin resistance and Draper expression. Significantly, we show that genetically stimulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase (Pi3k), a downstream effector of insulin receptor (IR) signaling, rescues high-sugar diet (HSD)-induced glial defects. Hence, we establish that obesogenic diets impair glial phagocytic function and delays the clearance of neuronal debris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mroj Alassaf
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutch, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Akhila Rajan
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutch, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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9
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Breslin JW. Edema and lymphatic clearance: molecular mechanisms and ongoing challenges. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1451-1476. [PMID: 37732545 PMCID: PMC11025659 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Resolution of edema remains a significant clinical challenge. Conditions such as traumatic shock, sepsis, or diabetes often involve microvascular hyperpermeability, which leads to tissue and organ dysfunction. Lymphatic insufficiency due to genetic causes, surgical removal of lymph nodes, or infections, leads to varying degrees of tissue swelling that impair mobility and immune defenses. Treatment options are limited to management of edema as there are no specific therapeutics that have demonstrated significant success for ameliorating microvascular leakage or impaired lymphatic function. This review examines current knowledge about the physiological, cellular, and molecular mechanisms that control microvascular permeability and lymphatic clearance, the respective processes for interstitial fluid formation and removal. Clinical conditions featuring edema, along with potential future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome W Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, FL, U.S.A
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10
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Zhang Q, Song S, Jiang R, Zhang J, Na L. Protective effect of manganese treatment on insulin resistance in HepG2 hepatocytes. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:746-754. [PMID: 37409718 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objectives: manganese (Mn) is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR), but the exact mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effects and mechanism of Mn on IR using hepatocyte IR model induced by high palmitate (PA), high glucose (HG) or insulin. Methods: HepG2 cells were exposed to PA (200 μM), HG (25 mM) or insulin (100 nM) respectively, alone or with 5 μM Mn for 24 hours. The expression of key proteins in insulin signaling pathway, intracellular glycogen content and glucose accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity were detected. Results: compared with control group, the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in the three IR groups was declined, and this decrease was reversed by Mn. The reduction of intracellular glycogen content and increase in glucose accumulation in IR groups were also inhibited by Mn. Additionally, the production of ROS was increased in IR models, compared with normal control group, while Mn reduced the excessive production of ROS induced by PA, HG or insulin. However, Mn did not alter the activity of MnSOD in the three IR models. Conclusion: this study demonstrated that Mn treatment can improve IR in hepatocytes. The mechanism is probably by reducing the level of intracellular oxidative stress, enhancing the activity of Akt/GSK-3β/FOXO1 signal pathway, promoting glycogen synthesis, and inhibiting gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shili Song
- Linping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Ruyue Jiang
- Publich Health College. Harbin Medical University
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Public Health. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Lixin Na
- Collaborative Innovation Center. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
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11
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Aleidi SM, Al Fahmawi H, Masoud A, Rahman AA. Metabolomics in diabetes mellitus: clinical insight. Expert Rev Proteomics 2023; 20:451-467. [PMID: 38108261 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2023.2295866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic heterogeneous metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells and/or insulin resistance. It is now considered a global epidemic disease associated with serious threats to a patient's life. Understanding the metabolic pathways involved in disease pathogenesis and progression is important and would improve prevention and management strategies. Metabolomics is an emerging field of research that offers valuable insights into the metabolic perturbation associated with metabolic diseases, including DM. AREA COVERED Herein, we discussed the metabolomics in type 1 and 2 DM research, including its contribution to understanding disease pathogenesis and identifying potential novel biomarkers clinically useful for disease screening, monitoring, and prognosis. In addition, we highlighted the metabolic changes associated with treatment effects, including insulin and different anti-diabetic medications. EXPERT OPINION By analyzing the metabolome, the metabolic disturbances involved in T1DM and T2DM can be explored, enhancing our understanding of the disease progression and potentially leading to novel clinical diagnostic and effective new therapeutic approaches. In addition, identifying specific metabolites would be potential clinical biomarkers for predicting the disease and thus preventing and managing hyperglycemia and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen M Aleidi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hiba Al Fahmawi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Afshan Masoud
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Abdel Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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Chen X, Liu P, Zhang W, Li X, Wang C, Han F, Liu W, Huang Y, Li M, Li Y, Sun X, Fan X, Li W, Xiong Y, Qian L. ETNPPL modulates hyperinsulinemia-induced insulin resistance through the SIK1/ROS-mediated inactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in hepatocytes. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1046-1062. [PMID: 36924049 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia is a critical risk factor for the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) in metabolic tissues, including the liver. Ethanolamine phosphate phospholyase (ETNPPL), a newly discovered metabolic enzyme that converts phosphoethanolamine (PEA) to ammonia, inorganic phosphate, and acetaldehyde, is abundantly expressed in liver tissue. Whether it plays a role in the regulation of hyperinsulinemia-induced IR in hepatocytes remains elusive. Here, we established an in vitro hyperinsulinemia-induced IR model in the HepG2 human liver cancer cell line and primary mouse hepatocyte via a high dose of insulin treatment. Next, we overexpressed ETNPPL by using lentivirus-mediated ectopic to investigate the effects of ETNPPL per se on IR without insulin stimulation. To explore the underlying mechanism of ETNPPL mediating hyperinsulinemia-induced IR in HepG2, we performed genome-wide transcriptional analysis using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to identify the downstream target gene of ETNPPL. The results showed that ETNPPL expression levels in both mRNA and protein were significantly upregulated in hyperinsulinemia-induced IR in HepG2 and primary mouse hepatocytes. Upon silencing ETNPPL, hyperinsulinemia-induced IR was ameliorated. Under normal conditions without IR in hepatocytes, overexpressing ETNPPL promotes IR, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and AKT inactivation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) is markedly downregulated in the ETNPPL knockdown HepG2 cells. Moreover, disrupting SIK1 prevents ETNPPL-induced ROS accumulation, damage to the PI3K/AKT pathway and IR. Our study reveals that ETNPPL mediates hyperinsulinemia-induced IR through the SIK1/ROS-mediated inactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in hepatocyte cells. Targeting ETNPPL may present a potential strategy for hyperinsulinemia-associated metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Caihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Feifei Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaoyao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Wenqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, P.R. China.,Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No. 3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China
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Alassaf M, Rajan A. Diet-Induced Glial Insulin Resistance Impairs The Clearance Of Neuronal Debris. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.09.531940. [PMID: 36945507 PMCID: PMC10028983 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.09.531940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing neurodegenerative disorders, yet the precise mechanisms underlying this connection remain unclear. Defects in glial phagocytic function are a key feature of neurodegenerative disorders, as delayed clearance of neuronal debris can result in inflammation, neuronal death, and poor nervous system recovery. Mounting evidence indicates that glial function can affect feeding behavior, weight, and systemic metabolism, suggesting that diet may play a role in regulating glial function. While it is appreciated that glial cells are insulin sensitive, whether obesogenic diets can induce glial insulin resistance and thereby impair glial phagocytic function remains unknown. Here, using a Drosophila model, we show that a chronic obesogenic diet induces glial insulin resistance and impairs the clearance of neuronal debris. Specifically, obesogenic diet exposure downregulates the basal and injury-induced expression of the glia-associated phagocytic receptor, Draper. Constitutive activation of systemic insulin release from Drosophila Insulin-producing cells (IPCs) mimics the effect of diet-induced obesity on glial draper expression. In contrast, genetically attenuating systemic insulin release from the IPCs rescues diet-induced glial insulin resistance and draper expression. Significantly, we show that genetically stimulating Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), a downstream effector of Insulin receptor signaling, rescues HSD-induced glial defects. Hence, we establish that obesogenic diets impair glial phagocytic function and delays the clearance of neuronal debris.
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Lee H, Kim SY, Lim Y. Lespedeza bicolor extract supplementation reduced hyperglycemia-induced skeletal muscle damage by regulation of AMPK/SIRT/PGC1α-related energy metabolism in type 2 diabetic mice. Nutr Res 2023; 110:1-13. [PMID: 36638746 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lespedeza bicolor (LB) is known to have antidiabetic activities; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of LB in hyperglycemia-induced skeletal muscle damage is unclear. Inflammation and oxidative stress caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) not only contributes to insulin resistance, but also promotes muscle atrophy via decreased muscle protein synthesis and increased protein degradation, leading to frailty and sarcopenia. In this study, we hypothesized that LB extract (LBE) supplementatin has an ameliorative effect on hyperglycemia-induced skeletal muscle damage by activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin (SIRT)/proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α)-associated energy metabolism in mice with T2DM. Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet with a 2-time streptozotoxin injection (30 mg/kg body weight) in male C57BL/6J mice. After diabetes was induced (fasting blood glucose level ≥140 mg/dL), the mice were administered with LBE at a low dose (100 mg/kg/d) or high dose (250 mg/kg/d) by gavage for 12 weeks. LBE supplementation ameliorated glucose tolerance and hemoglobin A1c (%) in mice with T2DM. Moreover, LBE supplementation upregulated protein levels of insulin receptor subunit-1 and Akt accompanied by increased translocation of glucose transporter 4 in mice with T2DM. Furthermore, LBE increased mitochondrial biogenesis by activating SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT4, and peroxisome PGC1α in diabetic skeletal muscle. Meanwhile, LBE supplementation reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in mice with T2DM. Taken together, the current study suggested that LBE could be a potential therapeutic to prevent skeletal muscle damage by regulation AMPK/SIRT/PGC1α-related energy metabolism in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heaji Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Breslin JW. Lymphatic Clearance and Pump Function. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2023; 13:a041187. [PMID: 35667711 PMCID: PMC9899645 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels have an active role in draining excess interstitial fluid from organs and serving as conduits for immune cell trafficking to lymph nodes. In the central circulation, the force needed to propel blood forward is generated by the heart. In contrast, lymphatic vessels rely on intrinsic vessel contractions in combination with extrinsic forces for lymph propulsion. The intrinsic pumping features phasic contractions generated by lymphatic smooth muscle. Periodic, bicuspid valves composed of endothelial cells prevent backflow of lymph. This work provides a brief overview of lymph transport, including initial lymph formation along with cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling lymphatic vessel pumping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome W Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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16
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Liu X, Cui K, Wu H, Li KS, Peng Q, Wang D, Cowan DB, Dixon JB, Srinivasan RS, Bielenberg DR, Chen K, Wang DZ, Chen Y, Chen H. Promoting Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Growth and Remodeling to Treat Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e1-e10. [PMID: 36453280 PMCID: PMC9780193 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels are low-pressure, blind-ended tubular structures that play a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue fluid homeostasis, immune cell trafficking, and dietary lipid uptake and transport. Emerging research has indicated that the promotion of lymphatic vascular growth, remodeling, and function can reduce inflammation and diminish disease severity in several pathophysiologic conditions. In particular, recent groundbreaking studies have shown that lymphangiogenesis, which describes the formation of new lymphatic vessels from the existing lymphatic vasculature, can be beneficial for the alleviation and resolution of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, promoting lymphangiogenesis represents a promising therapeutic approach. This brief review summarizes the most recent findings related to the modulation of lymphatic function to treat metabolic and cardiovascular diseases such as obesity, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. We also discuss experimental and therapeutic approaches to enforce lymphatic growth and remodeling as well as efforts to define the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Liu
- Lemole Center for Integrated Lymphatics Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kui Cui
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kathryn S. Li
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Qianman Peng
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Douglas B. Cowan
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - J. Brandon Dixon
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
| | - R. Sathish Srinivasan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Diane R. Bielenberg
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kaifu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- USF Heart Institute, Center for Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Yang X, Xu Y, Gao W, Wang L, Zhao X, Liu G, Fan K, Liu S, Hao H, Qu S, Dong R, Ma X, Ma J. Hyperinsulinemia-induced microglial mitochondrial dynamic and metabolic alterations lead to neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1036872. [DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1036872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is closely linked to the occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms for this association are still unknown. Insulin resistance (IR) hallmarked by hyperinsulinemia, as the earliest and longest-lasting pathological change in T2D, might play an important role in AD. Since hyperinsulinemia has an independent contribution to related disease progressions by promoting inflammation in the peripheral system, we hypothesized that hyperinsulinemia might have an effect on microglia which plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation of AD. In the present study, we fed 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to establish IR model, and the mice treated with standard diet (SD) were used as control. HFD led to obesity in mice with obvious glucose and lipid metabolism disorder, the higher insulin levels in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, and aberrant insulin signaling pathway in the whole brain. Meanwhile, IR mice appeared impairments of spatial learning and memory accompanied by neuroinflammation which was characterized by activated microglia and upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory factors in different brain regions. To clarify whether insulin contributes to microglial activation, we treated primary cultured microglia and BV2 cell lines with insulin in vitro to mimic hyperinsulinemia. We found that hyperinsulinemia not only increased microglial proliferation and promoted M1 polarization by enhancing the production of pro-inflammatory factors, but also impaired membrane translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) serving as the insulin-responding glucose transporter in the processes of glucose up-taking, reduced ATP production and increased mitochondrial fission. Our study provides new perspectives and evidence for the mechanism underlying the association between T2D and AD.
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Leung M, Rodrigues P, Roitman D. Ketoacidosis in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Requiring Alpelisib: Learnings and Observations Regarding Alpelisib Initiation and Rechallenge. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:1309-1315. [PMID: 36330532 PMCID: PMC9624212 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s370244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a rare complication of alpelisib, but cases of DKA are reported. Alpelisib's safety in patients with long-standing, suboptimally controlled diabetes is unclear since clinical trials of alpelisib did not include them. Case A case is presented on a patient with metastatic breast cancer and type 2 diabetes admitted for DKA eleven days after starting alpelisib. Since DKA is implicated in antihyperglycemics that inhibit sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, her empagliflozin was discontinued. Alpelisib was also held since it was recently initiated. After the DKA resolved, she was discharged and restarted alpelisib. Within 4 hours of taking the first dose, the patient developed a second episode of DKA, and alpelisib treatment was stopped permanently. Conclusion Patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes are at high risk of alpelisib-induced Grade 3 and 4 hyperglycemia, including DKA. It is essential to communicate with non-oncology stakeholders about the risk of DKA with alpelisib as it can be overlooked for more common causes. Restarting alpelisib can result in severe hyperglycemia or DKA within 24 hours of the first dose. In this population, the risks associated with rechallenging alpelisib must be heavily weighed against its benefits. Before restarting alpelisib, a thorough evaluation of the appropriateness of the patient's antihyperglycemics and diet must occur to anticipate and mitigate a second event. Antihyperglycemics independent of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may be preferred agents. A plan should be in place to quickly respond to rising glycemia and early referral to a diabetologist or endocrinologist is recommended. Continuous glucose monitoring and hospital admission are recommended during rechallenge. A better understanding of alpelisib-induced hyperglycemia, especially in patients with diabetes, is required to navigate alpelisib treatment safely. Emphasis should be placed on patient education of symptoms and monitoring parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mova Leung
- Cancer Care Program, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Correspondence: Mova Leung, Email
| | - Paulina Rodrigues
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daryl Roitman
- Cancer Care Program, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Black HS. A Synopsis of the Associations of Oxidative Stress, ROS, and Antioxidants with Diabetes Mellitus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2003. [PMID: 36290725 PMCID: PMC9598123 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Greek physician, Aretaios, coined the term "diabetes" in the 1st Century A.D. "Mellitus" arose from the observation that the urine exhibits a sweetness due to its elevated glucose levels. Diabetes mellitus (DM) accounted for 6.7 million deaths globally in 2021 with expenditures of USD 966 billion. Mortality is predicted to rise nearly 10-fold by 2030. Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the generation and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetes. Whereas ROS are generated in euglycemic, natural insulin-regulated glucose metabolism, levels are regulated by factors that regulate cellular respiration, e.g., the availability of NAD-linked substrates, succinate, and oxygen; and antioxidant enzymes that maintain the cellular redox balance. Only about 1-2% of total oxygen consumption results in the formation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide under normal reduced conditions. However, under hyperglycemic conditions, about 10% of the respiratory oxygen consumed may be lost as free radicals. Under hyperglycemic conditions, the two-reaction polyol pathway is activated. Nearly 30% of blood glucose can flux through this pathway-a major path contributing to NADH/NAD+ redox imbalance. Under these conditions, protein glycation and lipid peroxidation increase, and inflammatory cytokines are formed, leading to the further formation of ROS. As mitochondria are the major site of intracellular ROS, these organelles are subject to the deleterious effects of ROS themselves and eventually become dysfunctional-a milestone in Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) of which insulin resistance and diabetes predispose to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homer S Black
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Hu Z, Zhou J, Han L, Li X, Li C, Wu T, Liu J, Zhao W, Kang J, Chen X. Acyclovir alleviates insulin resistance via activating PKM1 in diabetic mice. Life Sci 2022; 304:120725. [PMID: 35751919 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global health threat characterized by insulin resistance. A new tactic to ameliorate insulin resistance, thereby reversing the exacerbation of DM, is urgently needed. The work is aiming to provide a new strategy for DM treatment as well as to identify new targets. MAIN METHODS C57BL/6 N mice were raised with high-fat diet (HFD) and infused with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. The blood glucose, serum insulin, blood lipid and oxidative stress were detected. In vitro insulin resistance model experiment has been made to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying anti-diabetic effect of potential active chemicals in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2). KEY FINDINGS Acyclovir, an antiviral nucleotide analog, alleviates insulin resistance by reducing blood lipids as well as oxidative stress and elevating insulin sensitivity on diabetic mice, which is in accord with results in the insulin resistance model of HepG2 cells. Mechanically, acyclovir stimulates pyruvate kinase M1 (PKM1) directly to activate adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway, thus improving insulin resistance. SIGNIFICANCE The present study supports that acyclovir should be translated to remedy DM, and PKM1 might be a valuable target to develop new medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuozhou Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xiangxiang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Tongyu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Wenyang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Jia Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xinping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Lu S, Wang J, Kakongoma N, Hua W, Xu J, Wang Y, He S, Gu H, Shi J, Hu W. DNA methylation and expression profiles of placenta and umbilical cord blood reveal the characteristics of gestational diabetes mellitus patients and offspring. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:69. [PMID: 35606885 PMCID: PMC9126248 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy-specific disease and is growing at an alarming rate worldwide, which can negatively affect the health of pregnant women and fetuses. However, most studies are limited to one tissue, placenta or umbilical cord blood, usually with one omics assay. It is thus difficult to systematically reveal the molecular mechanism of GDM and the key influencing factors on pregnant women and offspring. RESULTS We recruited a group of 21 pregnant women with GDM and 20 controls without GDM. For each pregnant woman, reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq were performed using the placenta and paired neonatal umbilical cord blood specimens. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with body mass index as a covariate. Through the comparison of GDM and control samples, 2779 and 141 DMRs, 1442 and 488 DEGs were identified from placenta and umbilical cord blood, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the placenta methylation and expression profiles of GDM women mirrored the molecular characteristics of "type II diabetes" and "insulin resistance." Methylation-altered genes in umbilical cord blood were associated with pathways "type II diabetes" and "cholesterol metabolism." Remarkably, both DMRs and DEGs illustrated significant overlaps among placenta and umbilical cord blood samples. The overlapping DMRs were associated with "cholesterol metabolism." The top-ranking pathways enriched in the shared DEGs include "growth hormone synthesis, secretion and action" and "type II diabetes mellitus." CONCLUSIONS Our research demonstrated the epigenetic and transcriptomic alternations of GDM women and offspring. Our findings emphasized the importance of epigenetic modifications in the communication between pregnant women with GDM and offspring, and provided a reference for the prevention, control, treatment, and intervention of perinatal deleterious events of GDM and neonatal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The Affiliated Hangzhou Women's Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Nisile Kakongoma
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Hua
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Hangzhou ShengTing Biotech Co. Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shutao He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hongcang Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Wensheng Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou Women's Hospital (Hangzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Lee Y, Zawieja SD, Muthuchamy M. Lymphatic Collecting Vessel: New Perspectives on Mechanisms of Contractile Regulation and Potential Lymphatic Contractile Pathways to Target in Obesity and Metabolic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:848088. [PMID: 35355722 PMCID: PMC8959455 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.848088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome pose a significant risk for developing cardiovascular disease and remain a critical healthcare challenge. Given the lymphatic system's role as a nexus for lipid absorption, immune cell trafficking, interstitial fluid and macromolecule homeostasis maintenance, the impact of obesity and metabolic disease on lymphatic function is a burgeoning field in lymphatic research. Work over the past decade has progressed from the association of an obese phenotype with Prox1 haploinsufficiency and the identification of obesity as a risk factor for lymphedema to consistent findings of lymphatic collecting vessel dysfunction across multiple metabolic disease models and organisms and characterization of obesity-induced lymphedema in the morbidly obese. Critically, recent findings have suggested that restoration of lymphatic function can also ameliorate obesity and insulin resistance, positing lymphatic targeted therapies as relevant pharmacological interventions. There remain, however, significant gaps in our understanding of lymphatic collecting vessel function, particularly the mechanisms that regulate the spontaneous contractile activity required for active lymph propulsion and lymph return in humans. In this article, we will review the current findings on lymphatic architecture and collecting vessel function, including recent advances in the ionic basis of lymphatic muscle contractile activity. We will then discuss lymphatic dysfunction observed with metabolic disruption and potential pathways to target with pharmacological approaches to improve lymphatic collecting vessel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Scott D Zawieja
- Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mariappan Muthuchamy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States
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23
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Verma G, Bowen A, Gheibi S, Hamilton A, Muthukumar S, Cataldo LR, Asplund O, Esguerra J, Karagiannopoulos A, Lyons C, Cowan E, Bellodi C, Prasad R, Fex M, Mulder H. Ribosomal biogenesis regulator DIMT1 controls β-cell protein synthesis, mitochondrial function, and insulin secretion. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101692. [PMID: 35148993 PMCID: PMC8913306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that loss of mitochondrial transcription factor B1 (TFB1M) leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether defects in ribosomal processing impact mitochondrial function and could play a pathogenetic role in β-cells and T2D is not known. To this end, we explored expression and the functional role of dimethyladenosine transferase 1 homolog (DIMT1), a homolog of TFB1M and a ribosomal RNA (rRNA) methyltransferase implicated in the control of rRNA. Expression of DIMT1 was increased in human islets from T2D donors and correlated positively with expression of insulin mRNA, but negatively with insulin secretion. We show that silencing of DIMT1 in insulin-secreting cells impacted mitochondrial function, leading to lower expression of mitochondrial OXPHOS proteins, reduced oxygen consumption rate, dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential, and a slower rate of ATP production. In addition, the rate of protein synthesis was retarded upon DIMT1 deficiency. Consequently, we found that DIMT1 deficiency led to perturbed insulin secretion in rodent cell lines and islets, as well as in a human β-cell line. We observed defects in rRNA processing and reduced interactions between NIN1 (RPN12) binding protein 1 homolog (NOB-1) and pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1 (PES-1), critical ribosomal subunit RNA proteins, the dysfunction of which may play a part in disturbing protein synthesis in β-cells. In conclusion, DIMT1 deficiency perturbs protein synthesis, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and disrupted insulin secretion, both potential pathogenetic processes in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Verma
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lunds Universitet, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Alexander Bowen
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lunds Universitet, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sevda Gheibi
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lunds Universitet, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Sowndarya Muthukumar
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Olof Asplund
- Unit of Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Esguerra
- Unit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Claire Lyons
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lunds Universitet, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Elaine Cowan
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lunds Universitet, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cristian Bellodi
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rashmi Prasad
- Unit of Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Fex
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lunds Universitet, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hindrik Mulder
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lunds Universitet, Malmö, Sweden.
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24
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Hu W, Li M, Sun W, Li Q, Xi H, Qiu Y, Wang R, Ding Q, Wang Z, Yu Y, Lei H, Mao Y, Zhu YZ. Hirsutine ameliorates hepatic and cardiac insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice and in vitro models. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:105917. [PMID: 34597809 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hepatic steatosis and cardiac hypertrophy resulting from chronic excess intake can exacerbate insulin resistance (IR). The current study aims to investigate the pharmacological effects of hirsutine, one indole alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla, on improving hepatic and cardiac IR, and elucidate the underlying mechanism. T2DM and IR in vivo were established by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 3 months in C57BL/6 J mice. In vitro IR models were induced by high-glucose and high-insulin (HGHI) incubation in HepG2 and H9c2 cells. Hirsutine administration for 8 weeks improved HFD-induced peripheral hyperglycemia, glucose tolerance and IR by OGTT and ITT assays, and simultaneously attenuated hepatic steatosis and cardiac hypertrophy by pathological observation. The impaired p-Akt expression was activated by hirsutine in liver and heart tissues of HFD mice, and also in the models in vitro. Hirsutine exhibited the effects on enhancing glucose consumption and uptake in IR cell models via activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, which was blocked by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Moreover, the effect of hirsutine on promoting glucose uptake and GLUT4 expression in HGHI H9c2 cells was also prevented by Compound C, an inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Enhancement of glycolysis might be another factor of hirsutine showing its effects on glycemic control. Collectively, it was uncovered that hirsutine might exert beneficial effects on regulating glucose homeostasis, thus improving hepatic and cardiac IR, and could be a promising compound for treating diet-induced T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Wuyi Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qixiu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanye Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Qian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Heping Lei
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Wu H, Norton V, Cui K, Zhu B, Bhattacharjee S, Lu YW, Wang B, Shan D, Wong S, Dong Y, Chan SL, Cowan D, Xu J, Bielenberg DR, Zhou C, Chen H. Diabetes and Its Cardiovascular Complications: Comprehensive Network and Systematic Analyses. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:841928. [PMID: 35252405 PMCID: PMC8891533 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.841928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide health problem that usually comes with severe complications. There is no cure for diabetes yet and the threat of these complications is what keeps researchers investigating mechanisms and treatments for diabetes mellitus. Due to advancements in genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and single-cell multiomics research, considerable progress has been made toward understanding the mechanisms of diabetes mellitus. In addition, investigation of the association between diabetes and other physiological systems revealed potentially novel pathways and targets involved in the initiation and progress of diabetes. This review focuses on current advancements in studying the mechanisms of diabetes by using genomic, epigenomic, proteomic, and single-cell multiomic analysis methods. It will also focus on recent findings pertaining to the relationship between diabetes and other biological processes, and new findings on the contribution of diabetes to several pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vikram Norton
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kui Cui
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sudarshan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yao Wei Lu
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dan Shan
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Scott Wong
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yunzhou Dong
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Siu-Lung Chan
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Douglas Cowan
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Medicine, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Diane R. Bielenberg
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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26
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Turmeric extract alleviates endocrine-metabolic disturbances in letrozole-induced PCOS by increasing adiponectin circulation: A comparison with Metformin. Metabol Open 2022; 13:100160. [PMID: 35005596 PMCID: PMC8717583 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most common causes of female infertility is polycystic ovarian syndrome, which affects 6–21% of the population. Regrettably, the currently available treatments are mostly symptomatic and ineffective. As a result, safer options are needed now more than ever. In a letrozole PCOS albino mouse model, the current study compares the therapeutic advantages of Turmeric extract (Curcuma longa) to metformin. Adiponectin is a circulating protein generated by adipocytes that has been linked to metabolic diseases (MDs) in an inverse relationship. The effects of Turmeric Extract (Curcuma Longa) in contrast to Metformin, as well as the involvement of adiponectin in endocrine-metabolic abnormalities in experimentally induced PCOS mice model, were studied in this study. Letrozole (6 mg/kg) was administered orally (p.o) for 21 days to induce PCOS, followed by a dose of Turmeric Extract (Curcuma longa) (175 mg/kg and p.o) and Metformin (150 mg/kg) for 30 days, both with normal saline water (0.9%) as the carrier. The findings revealed that LET-treated mice displayed PCOS-like characteristics, such as higher LH levels, increased body weight growth, and ovarian morphology with numerous cysts, increase in fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, plasma lipid peroxidation (MDA) and IL-6, as well as a decrease in serum Progesterone, Estrogen, FSH, SOD and GSH levels in the ovary. These changes were linked to lower levels of circulating adiponectin and were reversed when treated Turmeric extract. By altering circulating androgen-adiponectin balance, the data implies that Turmeric extract alleviates endocrine-metabolic abnormalities and inflammation-related comorbidities associated with LET-induced PCOS.
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27
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Olaniyi KS, Oniyide AA, Adeyanju OA, Ojulari LS, Omoaghe AO, Olaiya OE. Low dose spironolactone-mediated androgen-adiponectin modulation alleviates endocrine-metabolic disturbances in letrozole-induced PCOS. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 411:115381. [PMID: 33359182 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is a multifactorial endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It usually associates with metabolic disorders (MDs), which aggravates the risk of infertility, cardiometabolic events and associated comorbidities in women with PCOS. Adiponectin, a circulating protein produced by adipocytes, which has been suggested to inversely correlate with MDs. Spironolactone, a non-selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, has been in wide clinical use for several decades. Herein, we investigated the effects of low dose spironolactone (LDS) and the role of adiponectin in endocrine-metabolic disturbances in experimentally-induced PCOS rats. Eighteen female Wistar rats (160-180 g) were randomly allotted into 3 groups and treated with vehicle (p.o.), letrozole (LET; 1 mg/kg) and LET + LDS (0.25 mg/kg), once daily for 21 days, respectively. The results showed that LET-treated animals had features of PCOS, characterized by elevated plasma testosterone and prolactin, increased body weight gain and ovarian weight as well as disrupted ovarian cytoarchitecture and degenerated follicles. Additionally, elevated fasting blood glucose, 1 h-postload glucose and plasma insulin, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, reduced insulin sensitivity, increased plasma and ovarian lipid profile, plasma lipid peroxidation, TNF-α, IL-6 and decreased plasma glutathione peroxidase and glutathione content were observed. These alterations were associated with decreased circulating adiponectin and were reversed when treated with LDS. The present results suggest that LDS ameliorates endocrine-metabolic disturbances and inflammation-related comorbidities associated with LET-induced PCOS by modulating circulating androgen-adiponectin status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Olaniyi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria.
| | - Adesola A Oniyide
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun A Adeyanju
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria.
| | - Lekan S Ojulari
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
| | - Adams O Omoaghe
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
| | - Oluranti E Olaiya
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
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28
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Bhattacharjee S, Lee Y, Zhu B, Wu H, Chen Y, Chen H. Epsins in vascular development, function and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:833-842. [PMID: 32930806 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epsins are a family of adaptor proteins involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis. In the vasculature, epsins 1 and 2 are functionally redundant members of this family that are expressed in the endothelial cells of blood vessels and the lymphatic system throughout development and adulthood. These proteins contain a number of peptide motifs that allow them to interact with lipid moieties and a variety of proteins. These interactions facilitate the regulation of a wide range of cell signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on the involvement of epsins 1 and 2 in controlling vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. We also discuss the therapeutic implications of understanding the molecular mechanisms of epsin-mediated regulation in diseases such as atherosclerosis and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Bhattacharjee
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yang Lee
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Research Department, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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29
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Singh S, Kumaravel S, Dhole S, Roy S, Pavan V, Chakraborty S. Neuropeptide Substance P Enhances Inflammation-Mediated Tumor Signaling Pathways and Migration and Proliferation of Head and Neck Cancers. Indian J Surg Oncol 2020; 12:93-102. [PMID: 33994734 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-020-01210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are extremely aggressive, highly recurrent, and the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Neuropeptide substance P, along with its primary receptor, neurokinin-1 (NK-1R), is overexpressed in HNC and is a central player in inflammation and growth and metastasis of several cancers. However, the precise SP-mediated signaling that promotes HNC progression remains ill defined. Using a panel of HNC lines, in this study, we investigated the effects of SP on proliferation and migration of HNC. Tumor cells were also treated with SP and alterations in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and their cognate receptors were analyzed by real-time PCR. Furthermore, we investigated the role of SP in inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and matrix metalloproteases that promote tumor invasion. Our results showed that SP significantly increased tumor cell proliferation and migration and induced the expression of several genes that promote tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis which was suppressed by a specific NK1R antagonist L-703606. SP also activated NFκB that was suppressed on inhibiting NK1R. Collectively, our data shows that SP-NK1R-mediated inflammatory signaling comprises an important signaling axis in promoting HNC and may prove to be effective clinical target against HNC cells that are resistant to traditional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Singh
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Subhashree Kumaravel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Saurabh Dhole
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Sukanya Roy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Vani Pavan
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA
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30
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The Effect of a Non-Local Fractional Operator in an Asymmetrical Glucose-Insulin Regulatory System: Analysis, Synchronization and Electronic Implementation. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12091395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
For studying biological conditions with higher precision, the memory characteristics defined by the fractional-order versions of living dynamical systems have been pointed out as a meaningful approach. Therefore, we analyze the dynamics of a glucose-insulin regulatory system by applying a non-local fractional operator in order to represent the memory of the underlying system, and whose state-variables define the population densities of insulin, glucose, and β-cells, respectively. We focus mainly on four parameters that are associated with different disorders (type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia) to determine their observation ranges as a relation to the fractional-order. Like many preceding works in biosystems, the resulting analysis showed chaotic behaviors related to the fractional-order and system parameters. Subsequently, we propose an active control scheme for forcing the chaotic regime (an illness) to follow a periodic oscillatory state, i.e., a disorder-free equilibrium. Finally, we also present the electronic realization of the fractional glucose-insulin regulatory model to prove the conceptual findings.
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31
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Dong Y, Lee Y, Cui K, He M, Wang B, Bhattacharjee S, Zhu B, Yago T, Zhang K, Deng L, Ouyang K, Wen A, Cowan DB, Song K, Yu L, Brophy ML, Liu X, Wylie-Sears J, Wu H, Wong S, Cui G, Kawashima Y, Matsumoto H, Kodera Y, Wojcikiewicz RJH, Srivastava S, Bischoff J, Wang DZ, Ley K, Chen H. Epsin-mediated degradation of IP3R1 fuels atherosclerosis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3984. [PMID: 32770009 PMCID: PMC7414107 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17848-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The epsin family of endocytic adapter proteins are widely expressed, and interact with both proteins and lipids to regulate a variety of cell functions. However, the role of epsins in atherosclerosis is poorly understood. Here, we show that deletion of endothelial epsin proteins reduces inflammation and attenuates atherosclerosis using both cell culture and mouse models of this disease. In atherogenic cholesterol-treated murine aortic endothelial cells, epsins interact with the ubiquitinated endoplasmic reticulum protein inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 (IP3R1), which triggers proteasomal degradation of this calcium release channel. Epsins potentiate its degradation via this interaction. Genetic reduction of endothelial IP3R1 accelerates atherosclerosis, whereas deletion of endothelial epsins stabilizes IP3R1 and mitigates inflammation. Reduction of IP3R1 in epsin-deficient mice restores atherosclerotic progression. Taken together, epsin-mediated degradation of IP3R1 represents a previously undiscovered biological role for epsin proteins and may provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis and other diseases. Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction and inflammation contribute to plaque destabilization in atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of thrombotic events. Here, the authors show that epsin promotes EC inflammation via a mechanism involving IP3R1 degradation, and that deletion of epsin in the endothelium prevents EC dysfunctoin and atherosclerosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Dong
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yang Lee
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kui Cui
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ming He
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Beibei Wang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sudarshan Bhattacharjee
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tadayuki Yago
- Cardiovascular Biology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Aiyun Wen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kai Song
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lili Yu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Megan L Brophy
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Center for Vascular and Developmental Biology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jill Wylie-Sears
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Scott Wong
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Guanglin Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yusuke Kawashima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.,Center for Disease Proteomics, Kitasato University School of Science, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Yoshio Kodera
- Center for Disease Proteomics, Kitasato University School of Science, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | | | - Sanjay Srivastava
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Klaus Ley
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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32
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Lee Y, Chakraborty S, Muthuchamy M. Roles of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase pump in the impairments of lymphatic contractile activity in a metabolic syndrome rat model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12320. [PMID: 32704072 PMCID: PMC7378550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic lymphatic contractile activity is necessary for proper lymph transport. Mesenteric lymphatic vessels from high-fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) rats exhibited impairments in its intrinsic phasic contractile activity; however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the weaker lymphatic pumping activity in MetSyn conditions are unknown. Several metabolic disease models have shown that dysregulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump is one of the key determinants of the phenotypes seen in various muscle tissues. Hence, we hypothesized that a decrease in SERCA pump expression and/or activity in lymphatic muscle influences the diminished lymphatic vessel contractions in MetSyn animals. Results demonstrated that SERCA inhibitor, thapsigargin, significantly reduced lymphatic phasic contractile frequency and amplitude in control vessels, whereas, the reduced MetSyn lymphatic contractile activity was not further diminished by thapsigargin. While SERCA2a expression was significantly decreased in MetSyn lymphatic vessels, myosin light chain 20, MLC20 phosphorylation was increased in these vessels. Additionally, insulin resistant lymphatic muscle cells exhibited elevated intracellular calcium and decreased SERCA2a expression and activity. The SERCA activator, CDN 1163 partially restored lymphatic contractile activity in MetSyn lymphatic vessel by increasing phasic contractile frequency. Thus, our data provide the first evidence that SERCA2a modulates the lymphatic pumping activity by regulating phasic contractile amplitude and frequency, but not the lymphatic tone. Diminished lymphatic contractile activity in the vessels from the MetSyn animal is associated with the decreased SERCA2a expression and impaired SERCA2 activity in lymphatic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Mariappan Muthuchamy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA.
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Zhao Q, Li L, Zhu Y, Hou D, Li Y, Guo X, Wang Y, Olatunji OJ, Wan P, Gong K. Kukoamine B Ameliorate Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Other Metabolic Abnormalities in High-Fat/High-Fructose-Fed Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1843-1853. [PMID: 32547146 PMCID: PMC7266517 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s247844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is characterized by excessive body fat, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which increases the chances of developing chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, some types of cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Kukoamine B (Kuk B) is a spermine alkaloid obtained from Lycium chinense, and it has been shown to possess antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of Kuk B on high-fat diet/high-fructose (HFDFr)-induced insulin resistance and obesity in experimental rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were fed with either normal rat diet or HFDFr for 10 consecutive weeks. The groups that were fed with HFDFr received Kuk B (25 and 50 mg/kg) from the beginning of the 6th week to the 10th week. After treatment, the effect of Kuk B on body weight, food, water intake, insulin, blood glucose, serum biochemical parameters, hepatic oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)) levels was determined. Histopathological analysis of the liver tissues was also performed. RESULTS HFDFr-fed rats showed a significant increase in body weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin, lipid accumulation and liver function enzymes. In addition, HFDFr diet increased hepatic MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and decreased hepatic SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities. On the other hand, Kuk B significantly attenuated body weight, insulin resistance, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSION These results indicated that Kuk B showed protective effect against HFDFr-induced metabolic disorders by downregulating lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linhai Li
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dezhi Hou
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuejin Li
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Ping Wan
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
- Ping Wan Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Kunmei Gong
- Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kunmei Gong Department of General Surgery, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province (The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan650032, People’s Republic of China Email
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Cavero-Redondo I, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Álvarez-Bueno C, Agudo-Conde C, Lugones-Sánchez C, García-Ortiz L. Metabolic Syndrome Including Glycated Hemoglobin A1c in Adults: Is It Time to Change? J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122090. [PMID: 31805696 PMCID: PMC6947260 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To assess the suitability of replacing conventional markers used for insulin resistance and dysglycemia by HbA1c in both the quantitative and qualitative metabolic syndrome (MetS) definition criteria; (2) Methods: Confirmatory factorial analysis was used to compare three quantitative definitions of MetS that consisted of many single-factor models, one of which included HbA1c as the dysglycemia indicator. After that, the model with the better goodness-of-fit was selected. Furthermore, a new MetS qualitative definition was proposed by replacing fasting plasma glucose with HbA1c > 5.7% in the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition. The clinical performance of these two MetS criteria (IDF and IDF-modified including HbA1c as the dysglycemia indicator) to predict vascular damage (pulse wave velocity [PWv], intima media thickness [IMT] and albumin-to-creatinine ratio [ACR]) was estimated; (3) Results: The single-factor model including HbA1c showed the better goodness-of-fit (χ2 = 2.45, df = 2, p = 0.293, CFI = 0.999, SRMR = 0.010). Additionally, the IDF-modified criteria gained in clinical performance to predict vascular damage (diagnostic Odds Ratio: 6.94, 1.34 and 1.90) for pulse wave velocity (PWv), intima media thickness (IMT) and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), respectively; and (4) Conclusions: These data suggest that HbA1c could be considered as a useful component to be included in the MetS definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (I.C.-R.); (V.M.-V.)
- Universidad Politécnica y Artísitica del Paraguay, 001518 Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (I.C.-R.); (V.M.-V.)
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, 3460000 Talca, Chile
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (I.C.-R.); (V.M.-V.)
- Universidad Politécnica y Artísitica del Paraguay, 001518 Asunción, Paraguay
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Agudo-Conde
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of Castilla y León (SACyL), 37003 Salamanca, Spain; (C.A.-C.); (C.L.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
| | - Cristina Lugones-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of Castilla y León (SACyL), 37003 Salamanca, Spain; (C.A.-C.); (C.L.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of Castilla y León (SACyL), 37003 Salamanca, Spain; (C.A.-C.); (C.L.-S.); (L.G.-O.)
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37003 Salamanca, Spain
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Arpón A, Milagro FI, Santos JL, García-Granero M, Riezu-Boj JI, Martínez JA. Interaction Among Sex, Aging, and Epigenetic Processes Concerning Visceral Fat, Insulin Resistance, and Dyslipidaemia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:496. [PMID: 31379754 PMCID: PMC6653993 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of adipose tissue is influenced by gender and by age, shifting from subcutaneous to visceral depots with longevity, increasing the development of several aging-related diseases and manifestations such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. Epigenetics might have an important role in aging processes. The aim of this research was to investigate the interactions between aging and epigenetic processes and the role of visceral adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and dyslipidaemia. Two different study samples of 366 and 269 adult participants were analyzed. Anthropometric, biochemical (including the triglycerides-glucose (TyG) index), and blood pressure measurements were assessed following standardized methods. Body composition measurements by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were also performed for the second sample. Methylation data were assessed by Infinium Human Methylation BeadChip (Illumina) in peripheral white blood cells. Epigenetic age acceleration was calculated using the methods DNAmAge (AgeAcc) and GrimAge (AgeAccGrim). Age acceleration (AgeAccGrim) showed better correlations than AgeAcc with most of the measured variables (waist circumference, glucose, HOMA-IR, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and TyG index) for the first sample. In the second sample, all the previous correlations were confirmed, except for HOMA-IR. In addition, many of the anthropometrical measurements assessed by DXA and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also statistically associated with AgeAccGrim. Associations separated by sex showed statistically significant correlations between AgeAccGrim and HDL-cholesterol or CRP in women, whereas, in men, the association was with visceral adipose tissue mass DXA, triglycerides and TyG index. Linear regression models (model 1 included visceral adipose tissue mass DXA and TyG index and model 2 included HDL-cholesterol and CRP) showed a significant association for men concerning visceral adipose tissue mass DXA and TyG index, while HDL-cholesterol and CRP were associated in women. Moreover, structural equation modeling showed that the TyG index was mediating the majority of the visceral adipose tissue mass action on age acceleration. Collectively, these findings showed that there are different mechanisms affecting epigenetic age acceleration depending on sex. The identified relationships between epigenetic age acceleration and disease markers will contribute to the understanding of the development of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Arpón
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fermín I. Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), Pamplona, Spain
| | - José L. Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - José-Ignacio Riezu-Boj
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), Pamplona, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA), IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain
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Ge Q, Zhao L, Ren XM, Ye P, Hu ZY. LCZ696, an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1028-1039. [PMID: 31262190 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219861283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, which refers to the destruction of the structure and function of the heart, is the primary cause of heart failure due to diabetes. LCZ696 is the first angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) to be used clinically. Our study investigated the role played by LCZ696 during diabetic cardiomyopathy and explored the potential mechanisms underlying these effects. Diabetes was induced by injecting streptozotocin intraperitoneally into mice, and the mice were then divided randomly into two groups: one group was treated with LCZ696 (60 mg/kg/d) for 16 weeks, and the other received no treatment. The H9C2 cardiomyoblast cell line was treated with LCZ696 under high-glucose (HG) conditions. The levels of apoptotic (Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3) and pro-inflammatory factors [nuclear factor (NF)-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK)] were assessed in heart tissues from diabetic and normal mice and in H9C2 cells. The heart tissue structures and cardiac functions of diabetic mice were compared with those of normal mice, using histological and echocardiographic analyses. The results showed that LCZ696 inhibits the nuclear transfer of NF-κB and JNK/p38MAPK phosphorylation, and mitigates inflammation and apoptosis in diabetic mice and H9C2 cardiomyocytes under HG conditions. The histological and echocardiographic data showed that compared with untreated diabetic mice, diabetic mice treated with LCZ696 exhibited improved ventricular remodeling and cardiac function. LCZ696 also ameliorated oxidative stress in both vivo and vitro. In conclusion, LCZ696 improved diabetic cardiomyopathy by reducing cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Impact statement Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure in patients with diabetes, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. LCZ696, which was studied here, is a novel drug for the treatment of heart failure. The latest research reports that LCZ696 is more effective for preventing heart failure than valsartan alone. However, little research has been performed examining the effects of LCZ696 on DCM. This study was designed to examine the role played by LCZ696 during DCM and the potential mechanisms underlying these effects, which may provide the basis for a new therapeutic strategy for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xiao-Min Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zuo-Ying Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
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Selig JI, Ouwens DM, Raschke S, Thoresen GH, Fischer JW, Lichtenberg A, Akhyari P, Barth M. Impact of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia on valvular interstitial cells - A link between aortic heart valve degeneration and type 2 diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2526-2537. [PMID: 31152868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is associated with an increased risk to develop aortic heart valve degeneration. Nevertheless, molecular mechanisms leading to the pathogenesis of valve degeneration in the context of diabetes are still not clear. Hence, we hypothesized that classical key factors of type 2 diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, may affect signaling, metabolism and degenerative processes of valvular interstitial cells (VIC), the main cell type of heart valves. Therefore, VIC were derived from sheep and were treated with hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and the combination of both. The presence of insulin receptors was shown and insulin led to increased proliferation of the cells, whereas hyperglycemia alone showed no effect. Disturbed insulin response was shown by impaired insulin signaling, i.e. by decreased phosphorylation of Akt/GSK-3α/β pathway. Analysis of glucose transporter expression revealed absence of glucose transporter 4 with glucose transporter 1 being the predominantly expressed transporter. Glucose uptake was not impaired by disturbed insulin response, but was increased by hyperinsulinemia and was decreased by hyperglycemia. Analyses of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration revealed that VIC react with increased activity to hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemia, but not to the combination of both. VIC do not show morphological changes and do not acquire an osteogenic phenotype by hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemia. However, the treatment leads to increased collagen type 1 and decreased α-smooth muscle actin expression. This work implicates a possible role of diabetes in early phases of the degeneration of aortic heart valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica I Selig
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - D Margriet Ouwens
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Silja Raschke
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G Hege Thoresen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Artur Lichtenberg
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Payam Akhyari
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Mareike Barth
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Shi W, Liu S, Jing L, Tian Y, Xing L. Estimate of reduced glomerular filtration rate by triglyceride-glucose index: insights from a general Chinese population. Postgrad Med 2019; 131:287-294. [PMID: 30892125 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2019.1595983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Recent studies have identified triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a surrogate of insulin resistance. Since insulin resistance correlates with renal damage, our study aims to investigate the impact of TyG on the risk of reduced eGFR and explore its value to improve the risk stratification and prevention of reduced eGFR. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 6466 participants (mean age:59.57 years, 60.2% females) from rural areas of northeast China between September 2017 to May 2018. TyG was calculated as ln[fasting triglyceride (mg/dL)×fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Reduced eGFR was defined as eGFR<60ml/min per 1.73m2. Results: The prevalence of reduced eGFR was 2.94%. After full adjustment, each SD increase of TyG caused 42.6% additional risk for reduced eGFR. When dividing TyG into quartiles, the top quartile had a 1.934 times risk than the bottom quartile. Furthermore, the risk of reduced eGFR increased linearly with the increment of TyG. Subgroup analysis also revealed the association was robust to several risk factors of renal damage. Finally, category-free net reclassification index (0.204, 95% CI: 0.060-0.349, p = 0.005) and integrated discrimination index (0.010, 95% CI: 0.005-0.016, p < 0.001) demonstrated the value of TyG to refine the risk stratification of reduced eGFR. Conclusion: Our work reveals the robust association between TyG and reduced eGFR. Moreover, the present study implicates the potential role of TyG as a risk indicator to optimize the prevention of reduced eGFR. Lastly, the findings also suggest the importance of simultaneous glycemic and lipid control to avoid the development and progression of reduced eGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Shi
- a Department of Cardiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- b Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jing
- c Department of Cardiovascular Disease Control , Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenyang , Liaoning , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanmeng Tian
- c Department of Cardiovascular Disease Control , Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenyang , Liaoning , People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Xing
- a Department of Cardiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , People's Republic of China.,c Department of Cardiovascular Disease Control , Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenyang , Liaoning , People's Republic of China
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Kostov K. Effects of Magnesium Deficiency on Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes: Focusing on the Processes of Insulin Secretion and Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061351. [PMID: 30889804 PMCID: PMC6470576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential mineral for human health and plays an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and insulin actions. Despite the widespread clinical evidences for the association of Mg2+ deficiency (MgD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), molecular mechanisms by which Mg2+ contributes to insulin resistance (IR) are still under discussion. Mg2+ regulates electrical activity and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. Intracellular Mg2+ concentrations are critical for the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and other downstream signal kinases of the target cells. Low Mg2+ levels result in a defective tyrosine kinase activity, post-receptor impairment in insulin action, altered cellular glucose transport, and decreased cellular glucose utilization, which promotes peripheral IR in T2D. MgD triggers chronic systemic inflammation that also potentiates IR. People with T2D may end up in a vicious circle in which MgD increases IR and IR causes MgD, that requires periodic monitoring of serum Mg2+ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimir Kostov
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University-Pleven, 1 Kliment Ohridski Str., 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria.
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Chakraborty A, Barajas S, Lammoglia GM, Reyna AJ, Morley TS, Johnson JA, Scherer PE, Rutkowski JM. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D) Overexpression and Lymphatic Expansion in Murine Adipose Tissue Improves Metabolism in Obesity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:924-939. [PMID: 30878136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obese adipose tissue expansion is an inflammatory process that results in dysregulated lipolysis, increased circulating lipids, ectopic lipid deposition, and systemic insulin resistance. Lymphatic vessels provide a route of fluid, macromolecule, and immune cell clearance, and lymphangiogenesis increases this capability. Indeed, inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis is critical in resolving acute and chronic inflammation, but it is largely absent in obese adipose tissue. Enhancing adipose tissue lymphangiogenesis could, therefore, improve metabolism in obesity. To test this hypothesis, transgenic mice with doxycycline-inducible expression of murine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D under a tightly controlled Tet-On promoter were crossed with adipocyte-specific adiponectin-reverse tetracycline-dependent transactivator mice (Adipo-VD) to stimulate adipose tissue-specific lymphangiogenesis during 16-week high-fat diet-induced obesity. Adipose VEGF-D overexpression induced de novo lymphangiogenesis in murine adipose tissue, and obese Adipo-VD mice exhibited enhanced glucose clearance, lower insulin levels, and reduced liver triglycerides. On β-3 adrenergic stimulation, Adipo-VD mice exhibited more rapid and increased glycerol flux from adipose tissue, suggesting that the lymphatics are a potential route of glycerol clearance. Resident macrophage crown-like structures were scarce and total F4/80+ macrophages were reduced in obese Adipo-VD s.c. adipose tissue with evidence of increased immune trafficking from the tissue. Augmenting VEGF-D signaling and lymphangiogenesis specifically in adipose tissue, therefore, reduces obesity-associated immune accumulation and improves metabolic responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adri Chakraborty
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station
| | - Sheridan Barajas
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station
| | - Gabriela M Lammoglia
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station
| | - Andrea J Reyna
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station
| | - Thomas S Morley
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Joshua A Johnson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Joseph M Rutkowski
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, College Station.
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Cheng L, Yang F, Cao X, Li GQ, Lu TT, Zhu YQ, Hu Y, Mao XM. The effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy on circulating T cell subpopulations in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 149:107-114. [PMID: 30759366 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy on circulating T cell subpopulations in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A total of 113 patients with T2DM and 28 normal subjects were enrolled. Demographic parameters and biochemical markers were collected at baseline, and flow cytometry was applied to determine the proportion of T cell subpopulations in participants. Then the patients underwent continuous subcutaneous insulin injection (CSII) treatment with euglycemia for 2 weeks, and the T cell subpopulations were measured again after CSII treatment. RESULTS Compared with normal subjects, the proportion of Th1 cells and the ratio of Th1/Th2 increased, the proportion of Treg cells decreased in patients with T2DM (p < 0.05 for all). The ratio of Th1/Th2 was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Furthermore, there were negative associations between the proportion of Treg cells and fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and positive association between the proportion of Treg cells and HDL-C. After CSII treatment, the proportion of Th1 cells and the ratio of Th1/Th2 decreased (p < 0.05 for both), the proportion of Treg cells increased in patients with T2DM (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Short-term intensive insulin therapy could modulate circulating T cell subpopulations in patients with T2DM, which might alleviate inflammatory responses caused by hyperglycemia. This study was registered with ChiCTR-OPN-17010405.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and the Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Endocrinology, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Qing Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Chen FC, Shen KP, Ke LY, Lin HL, Wu CC, Shaw SY. Flavonoids from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze seed ameliorates TNF-α induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:507-516. [PMID: 31061619 PMCID: PMC6488808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to discuss the non-catechin flavonoids (NCF) from Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze seed improving TNF-α impaired insulin stimulated glucose uptake and insulin signaling. Flavonoids had anti-metabolic syndrome and anti-inflammatory properties. It had widely been known for biological activity of catechins in tea, but very few research reports discussed the biological activity of non-catechin flavonoids in tea seed. We used HepG2 cell to treat with 5 μM insulin or with 5 μM insulin + 30 ng/ml TNF-α. Detecting the glucose concentration of medium, insulin decreased the glucose levels of medium meant that insulin promoted glucose uptake into cells, but TNF-α inhibited the glucose uptake effect of insulin. Furthermore, insulin increased the protein expressions of IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3K-α, Akt/PKB, GLUT-2, AMPK, GCK, pyruvate kinase, and PPAR-γ. TNF-α activated p65 and MAPKs (p38, JNK1/2 and ERK1/2), iNOS and COX-2 which worsened the insulin signaling expressions of IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3K-α, Akt/PKB, GLUT-2, AMPK, GCK, pyruvate kinase, and PPAR-γ. We added NCF (500, 1000, 2000 ppm) to cell with insulin and TNF-α. Not only glucose levels of medium were lowered, and the protein expressions of insulin signaling were increased, but p38, JNK1/2, iNOS and COX-2 were also reduced. NCF could ameliorate TNF-α induced insulin resistance through inhibiting p38, JNK1/2, iNOS and COX-2, and suggested that it might be used in the future to help control insulin resistance. This finding is the first report to present the discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ping Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology and Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Li Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology and Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Wu
- Veternas Affairs Council, Fushoushan Farm, Taichung Heping, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yu Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, Tainan City 701, Taiwan.
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Gasheva OY, Tsoy Nizamutdinova I, Hargrove L, Gobbell C, Troyanova-Wood M, Alpini SF, Pal S, Du C, Hitt AR, Yakovlev VV, Newell-Rogers MK, Zawieja DC, Meininger CJ, Alpini GD, Francis H, Gashev AA. Prolonged intake of desloratadine: mesenteric lymphatic vessel dysfunction and development of obesity/metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G217-G227. [PMID: 30475062 PMCID: PMC6383386 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00321.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish mechanistic links between the prolonged intake of desloratadine, a common H1 receptor blocker (i.e., antihistamine), and development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated for 16 wk with desloratadine. We analyzed the dynamics of body weight gain, tissue fat accumulation/density, contractility of isolated mesenteric lymphatic vessels, and levels of blood lipids, glucose, and insulin, together with parameters of liver function. Prolonged intake of desloratadine induced development of an obesity-like phenotype and signs of metabolic syndrome. These alterations in the body included excessive weight gain, increased density of abdominal subcutaneous fat and intracapsular brown fat, high blood triglycerides with an indication of their rerouting toward portal blood, high HDL, high fasting blood glucose with normal fasting and nonfasting insulin levels (insulin resistance), high liver/body weight ratio, and liver steatosis (fatty liver). These changes were associated with dysfunction of mesenteric lymphatic vessels, specifically high lymphatic tone and resistance to flow together with diminished tonic and abolished phasic responses to increases in flow, (i.e., greatly diminished adaptive reserves to respond to postprandial increases in lymph flow). The role of nitric oxide in this flow-dependent adaptation was abolished, with remnants of these responses controlled by lymphatic vessel-derived histamine. Our current data, considered together with reports in the literature, support the notion that millions of the United States population are highly likely affected by underevaluated, lymphatic-related side effects of antihistamines and may develop obesity and metabolic syndrome due to the prolonged intake of this medication. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Prolonged intake of desloratadine induced development of obesity and metabolic syndrome associated with dysfunction of mesenteric lymphatic vessels, high lymphatic tone, and resistance to flow together with greatly diminished adaptive reserves to respond to postprandial increases in lymph flow. Data support the notion that millions of the USA population are highly likely affected by underevaluated, lymphatic-related side effects of antihistamines and may develop obesity and metabolic syndrome due to the prolonged intake of this medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Y. Gasheva
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Irina Tsoy Nizamutdinova
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Laura Hargrove
- 2Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Cassidy Gobbell
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Maria Troyanova-Wood
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | | | - Sarit Pal
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Christina Du
- 4Department of Comparative Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - Angie R. Hitt
- 4Department of Comparative Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas
| | - Vlad V. Yakovlev
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - M. Karen Newell-Rogers
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - David C. Zawieja
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Cynthia J. Meininger
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Gianfranco D. Alpini
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas,2Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Heather Francis
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas,2Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Anatoliy A. Gashev
- 1Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
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Hooks JS, Clement CC, Nguyen HD, Santambrogio L, Dixon JB. In vitro model reveals a role for mechanical stretch in the remodeling response of lymphatic muscle cells. Microcirculation 2019; 26:e12512. [PMID: 30383330 PMCID: PMC6335159 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using primary LMCs in vitro, we sought to characterize the impact of LMC remodeling on their functional and molecular response to mechanical loading and culture conditions. METHODS Primary "wounded leg" LMCs were derived from the hindlimb of three sheep who underwent lymphatic injury 6 weeks prior, while "control leg" LMCs were derived from the contralateral, unwounded, limb. Function of the LMCs was characterized in response to media of variable levels of serum (10% vs 0.2%) and glucose (4.5 vs 1 g/L). Functional and proteomic data were evaluated in LMCs exposed to cyclic stretch (0.1 Hz, 7.5% elongation) for 1 week. RESULTS LMCs were sensitive to changes in serum levels, significantly reducing overall activity and collagen synthesis under low serum conditions. LMCs from the remodeled vessel had higher baseline levels of metabolic activity but not collagen synthesis. Cyclic loading induced cellular alignment perpendicular to the axis of stretch and alterations in signaling pathways associated with metabolism. Remodeled LMCs had consistently higher levels of metabolic activity and were more resistant to strain-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS LMCs exist on a functional spectrum, becoming more active in response to stretching and maintaining phenotypic remodeling in response to local lymphatic/tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S.T. Hooks
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology 315 Ferst Dr. Atlanta, GA 30332
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Dr. Atlanta, GA 30313
| | - Cristina C. Clement
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Hoang-Dung Nguyen
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology 315 Ferst Dr. Atlanta, GA 30332
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA 30332
| | - Laura Santambrogio
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - J. Brandon Dixon
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology 315 Ferst Dr. Atlanta, GA 30332
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 801 Ferst Dr. Atlanta, GA 30313
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA 30332
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Cumming BM, Addicott KW, Adamson JH, Steyn AJ. Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces decelerated bioenergetic metabolism in human macrophages. eLife 2018; 7:39169. [PMID: 30444490 PMCID: PMC6286123 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
How Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) rewires macrophage energy metabolism to facilitate survival is poorly characterized. Here, we used extracellular flux analysis to simultaneously measure the rates of glycolysis and respiration in real time. Mtb infection induced a quiescent energy phenotype in human monocyte-derived macrophages and decelerated flux through glycolysis and the TCA cycle. In contrast, infection with the vaccine strain, M. bovis BCG, or dead Mtb induced glycolytic phenotypes with greater flux. Furthermore, Mtb reduced the mitochondrial dependency on glucose and increased the mitochondrial dependency on fatty acids, shifting this dependency from endogenous fatty acids in uninfected cells to exogenous fatty acids in infected macrophages. We demonstrate how quantifiable bioenergetic parameters of the host can be used to accurately measure and track disease, which will enable rapid quantifiable assessment of drug and vaccine efficacy. Our findings uncover new paradigms for understanding the bioenergetic basis of host metabolic reprogramming by Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adrie Jc Steyn
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Microbiology, Centers for AIDS Research and Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, United States
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Lee Y, Chakraborty S, Meininger CJ, Muthuchamy M. Insulin resistance disrupts cell integrity, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory signaling in lymphatic endothelium. Microcirculation 2018; 25:e12492. [PMID: 30025187 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lymphatic vessel dysfunction and increased lymph leakage have been directly associated with several metabolic diseases. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms causing lymphatic dysfunction have not been determined. Aberrant insulin signaling affects the metabolic function of cells and consequently impairs tissue function. We hypothesized that insulin resistance in LECs decreases eNOS activity, disrupts barrier integrity increases permeability, and activates mitochondrial dysfunction and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. METHODS LECs were treated with insulin and/or glucose to determine the mechanisms leading to insulin resistance. RESULTS Acute insulin treatment increased eNOS phosphorylation and NO production in LECs via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Prolonged hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia induced insulin resistance in LECs. Insulin-resistant LECs produced less NO due to a decrease in eNOS phosphorylation and showed a significant decrease in impedance across an LEC monolayer that was associated with disruption in the adherence junctional proteins. Additionally, insulin resistance in LECs impaired mitochondrial function by decreasing basal-, maximal-, and ATP-linked OCRs and activated NF-κB nuclear translocation coupled with increased pro-inflammatory signaling. CONCLUSION Our data provide the first evidence that insulin resistance disrupts endothelial barrier integrity, decreases eNOS phosphorylation and mitochondrial function, and activates inflammation in LECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Cynthia J Meininger
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Mariappan Muthuchamy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Lee J, Lee Y, LaVoy EC, Umetani M, Hong J, Park Y. Physical activity protects NLRP3 inflammasome-associated coronary vascular dysfunction in obese mice. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13738. [PMID: 29932503 PMCID: PMC6014451 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome mediates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β and thereby plays a pivotal role in the inflammatory response in vascular pathology. An active lifestyle has beneficial effects on inflammation-associated vascular dysfunction in obesity. However, it remains unclear how physical activity regulates NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated vascular dysfunction in obesity. Therefore, we explored the protective effect of physical activity on NLRP3 inflammasome-associated vascular dysfunction in mouse hearts, and the potential underlying mechanisms. C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into four groups: (1) control low-fat diet (LF-SED), (2) LF diet with free access to a voluntary running wheel (LF-RUN), (3) high-fat diet (HF-SED; 45% of calories from fat), and (4) HF-RUN. We examined NLRP3 inflammasome-related signaling pathways, nitric oxide (NO) signaling, and oxidative stress in coronary arterioles to test effects of HFD and physical activity. Voluntary running reduced NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream effects, caspase-1 and IL-1β in coronary arteriole endothelium of obese mice in immunofluorescence staining. HF-RUN attenuated HFD-dependent endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) reduction and thus increased NO production compared to HF-SED. HFD elevated intracellular superoxide production in coronary arterioles while voluntary running ameliorated oxidative stress. Our findings provide the first evidence that voluntary running attenuates endothelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation in coronary arterioles of HFD feeding mice. Results further suggest that voluntary running improves obesity-induced vascular dysfunction by preserved NO bioavailability via restored expression of eNOS and reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghae Lee
- Laboratory of Integrated PhysiologyDepartment of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexas
| | - Yang Lee
- Texas A&M Health Science College of MedicineCollege StationTexas
| | - Emily C. LaVoy
- Laboratory of Integrated PhysiologyDepartment of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexas
| | - Michihisa Umetani
- Department of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexas
| | - Junyoung Hong
- Laboratory of Integrated PhysiologyDepartment of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexas
| | - Yoonjung Park
- Laboratory of Integrated PhysiologyDepartment of Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexas
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Li Z, Yue Y, Hu F, Zhang C, Ma X, Li N, Qiu L, Fu M, Chen L, Yao Z, Bilan PJ, Klip A, Niu W. Electrical pulse stimulation induces GLUT4 translocation in C 2C 12 myotubes that depends on Rab8A, Rab13, and Rab14. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314:E478-E493. [PMID: 29089333 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00103.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The signals mobilizing GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in response to muscle contraction are less known than those elicited by insulin. This disparity is undoubtedly due to lack of suitable in vitro models to study skeletal muscle contraction. We generated C2C12 myotubes stably expressing HA-tagged GLUT4 (C2C12-GLUT4 HA) that contract in response to electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) and investigated molecular mechanisms regulating GLUT4 HA. EPS (60 min, 20 V, 1 Hz, 24-ms pulses at 976-ms intervals) elicited a gain in surface GLUT4 HA (GLUT4 translocation) comparably to insulin or 5-amino imidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR). A myosin II inhibitor prevented EPS-stimulated myotube contraction and reduced surface GLUT4 by 56%. EPS stimulated AMPK and CaMKII phosphorylation, and EPS-stimulated GLUT4 translocation was reduced in part by small interfering (si)RNA-mediated AMPKα1/α2 knockdown, compound C, siRNA-mediated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII)δ knockdown, or CaMKII inhibitor KN93. Key regulatory residues on the Rab-GAPs AS160 and TBC1D1 were phosphorylated in response to EPS. Stable expression of an activated form of the Rab-GAP AS160 (AS160-4A) diminished EPS- and insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation, suggesting regulation of GLUT4 vesicle traffic by Rab GTPases. Knockdown of each Rab8a, Rab13, or Rab14 reduced, in part, GLUT4 translocation induced by EPS, whereas only Rab8a, or Rab14 knockdown reduced the AICAR response. In conclusion, EPS involves Rab8a, Rab13, and Rab14 to elicit GLUT4 translocation but not Rab10; moreover, Rab10 and Rab13 are not engaged by AMPK activation alone. C2C12-GLUT4 HA cultures constitute a valuable in vitro model to investigate molecular mechanisms of contraction-stimulated GLUT4 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Yingying Yue
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin , Tianjin , China
| | - Nana Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Maolong Fu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
- Tianjin Third Central Hospital , Tianjin , China
| | - Liming Chen
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Philip J Bilan
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, Ontario , Canada
| | - Wenyan Niu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
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Colmegna P, Sánchez-Peña R, Gondhalekar R. Linear parameter-varying model to design control laws for an artificial pancreas. Biomed Signal Process Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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