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Di X, Martinez-Tellez B, Krekels EHJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Ortiz-Alvarez L, Hankemeier T, Rensen PCN, Ruiz JR, Kohler I. Higher Plasma Levels of Endocannabinoids and Analogues Correlate With a Worse Cardiometabolic Profile in Young Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1351-1360. [PMID: 37967236 PMCID: PMC11031222 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a signaling system composed of endocannabinoids (eCBs), their receptors, and the enzymes involved in their synthesis and metabolism. Alterations in the ECS are linked to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. OBJECTIVE Here, we investigated the relationship between plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues with body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS The study included 133 young adults (age 22.1 ± 2.2 years, 67% women). Fasting plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Body composition, brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume, glucose uptake, and traditional cardiometabolic risk factors were measured. RESULTS Plasma levels of eCBs and several eCB analogues were positively correlated with adiposity and traditional cardiometabolic risk factors (eg, serum insulin and triacylglyceride levels, all r ≥ 0.17 and P ≤ .045). Plasma levels of 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and N-pentadecenoylethanolamine were negatively correlated with BAT volume and glucose uptake (all r ≤ -0.17 and P ≤ .047). We observed that the plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues were higher in metabolically unhealthy overweight-obese participants than in metabolically healthy overweight-obese participants. CONCLUSION Our findings show that the plasma levels of eCBs and their analogues are related to higher levels of adiposity and worse cardiometabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Di
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- SPORT Research Group, CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Elke H J Krekels
- Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ortiz-Alvarez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Isabelle Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Sardjoe Mishre ASD, Martinez-Tellez B, Straat ME, Boon MR, Dzyubachyk O, Webb AG, Rensen PCN, Kan HE. Image registration and mutual thresholding enable low interimage variability across dynamic MRI measurements of supraclavicular brown adipose tissue during mild cold exposure. Magn Reson Med 2023. [PMID: 37183785 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) enhances lipid catabolism and improves cardiometabolic health. Quantitative MRI of the fat fraction (FF) of supraclavicular BAT (scBAT) is a promising noninvasive measure to assess BAT activity but suffers from high scan variability. We aimed to test the effects of coregistration and mutual thresholding on the scan variability in a fast (1 min) time-resolution MRI protocol for assessing scBAT FF changes during cold exposure. METHODS Ten volunteers (age 24.8 ± 3.0 years; body mass index 21.2 ± 2.1 kg/m2 ) were scanned during thermoneutrality (32°C; 10 min) and mild cold exposure (18°C; 60 min) using a 12-point gradient-echo sequence (70 consecutive scans with breath-holds, 1.03 min per dynamic). Dynamics were coregistered to the first thermoneutral scan, which enabled drawing of single regions of interest in the scBAT depot. Voxel-wise FF changes were calculated at each time point and averaged across regions of interest. We applied mutual FF thresholding, in which voxels were included if their FF was greater than 30% FF in the reference scan and the registered dynamic. The efficacy of the coregistration was determined by using a moving average and comparing the mean squared error of residuals between registered and nonregistered data. Registered scBAT ΔFF was compared with single-scan thresholding using the moving average method. RESULTS Registered scBAT ΔFF had lower mean square error values than nonregistered data (0.07 ± 0.05% vs. 0.16 ± 0.14%; p < 0.05), and mutual thresholding reduced the scBAT ΔFF variability by 30%. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that coregistration and mutual thresholding improve stability of the data 2-fold, enabling assessment of small changes in FF following cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashley S D Sardjoe Mishre
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike E Straat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Oleh Dzyubachyk
- Department of Radiology, Division of Image Processing, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Electron Microscopy Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew G Webb
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hermien E Kan
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Ortiz-Alvarez L, Acosta FM, Xu H, Sanchez-Delgado G, Vilchez-Vargas R, Link A, Plaza-Díaz J, Llamas JM, Gil A, Labayen I, Rensen PCN, Ruiz JR, Martinez-Tellez B. Fecal microbiota composition is related to brown adipose tissue 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in young adults. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:567-576. [PMID: 36242744 PMCID: PMC9938059 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) has gained considerable attention as a potential therapeutic target for obesity and its related cardiometabolic diseases; however, whether the gut microbiota might be an efficient stimulus to activate BAT metabolism remains to be ascertained. We aimed to investigate the association of fecal microbiota composition with BAT volume and activity and mean radiodensity in young adults. METHODS 82 young adults (58 women, 21.8 ± 2.2 years old) participated in this cross-sectional study. DNA was extracted from fecal samples and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyse the fecal microbiota composition. BAT was determined via a static 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan (PET/CT) after a 2 h personalized cooling protocol. 18F-FDG uptake was also quantified in white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscles. RESULTS The relative abundance of Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae sp. and Ruminococcus genera was negatively correlated with BAT volume, BAT SUVmean and BAT SUVpeak (all rho ≤ - 0.232, P ≤ 0.027), whereas the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium genus was positively correlated with BAT SUVmean and BAT SUVpeak (all rho ≥ 0.262, P ≤ 0.012). On the other hand, the relative abundance of Sutterellaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae families was positively correlated with 18F-FDG uptake by WAT and skeletal muscles (all rho ≥ 0.213, P ≤ 0.042). All the analyses were adjusted for the PET/CT scan date as a proxy of seasonality. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that fecal microbiota composition is involved in the regulation of BAT and glucose uptake by other tissues in young adults. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT02365129 (registered 18 February 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ortiz-Alvarez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - F M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, School of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - H Xu
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - G Sanchez-Delgado
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, School of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - R Vilchez-Vargas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Plaza-Díaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - J M Llamas
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs Granada, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - A Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs Granada, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, Parque Tecnológico Ciencias de la Salud, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - I Labayen
- Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain
| | - P C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, School of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - B Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
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Straat ME, Hoekx CA, van Velden FHP, Pereira Arias-Bouda LM, Dumont L, Blondin DP, Boon MR, Martinez-Tellez B, Rensen PCN. Stimulation of the beta-2-adrenergic receptor with salbutamol activates human brown adipose tissue. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100942. [PMID: 36812890 PMCID: PMC9975328 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
While brown adipose tissue (BAT) is activated by the beta-3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) in rodents, in human brown adipocytes, the ADRB2 is dominantly present and responsible for noradrenergic activation. Therefore, we performed a randomized double-blinded crossover trial in young lean men to compare the effects of single intravenous bolus of the ADRB2 agonist salbutamol without and with the ADRB1/2 antagonist propranolol on glucose uptake by BAT, assessed by dynamic 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan (i.e., primary outcome). Salbutamol, compared with salbutamol with propranolol, increases glucose uptake by BAT, without affecting the glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue. The salbutamol-induced glucose uptake by BAT positively associates with the increase in energy expenditure. Notably, participants with high salbutamol-induced glucose uptake by BAT have lower body fat mass, waist-hip ratio, and serum LDL-cholesterol concentration. In conclusion, specific ADRB2 agonism activates human BAT, which warrants investigation of ADRB2 activation in long-term studies (EudraCT: 2020-004059-34).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike E Straat
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn A Hoekx
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Floris H P van Velden
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lenka M Pereira Arias-Bouda
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lauralyne Dumont
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; Department of Physiology-Pharmacology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Denis P Blondin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Straat ME, Jurado-Fasoli L, Ying Z, Nahon KJ, Janssen LG, Boon MR, Grabner GF, Kooijman S, Zimmermann R, Giera M, Rensen PC, Martinez-Tellez B. Cold exposure induces dynamic changes in circulating triacylglycerol species, which is dependent on intracellular lipolysis: A randomized cross-over trial. EBioMedicine 2022; 86:104349. [PMID: 36371986 PMCID: PMC9663865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of cold exposure has emerged as an approach to enhance whole-body lipid catabolism. The global effect of cold exposure on the lipidome in humans has been reported with mixed results depending on intensity and duration of cold. METHODS This secondary study was based on data from a previous randomized cross-over trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03012113). We performed sequential lipidomic profiling in serum during 120 min cold exposure of human volunteers. Next, the intracellular lipolysis was blocked in mice (eighteen 10-week-old male wild-type mice C57BL/6J) using a small-molecule inhibitor of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL; Atglistatin), and mice were exposed to cold for a similar duration. The quantitative lipidomic profiling was assessed in-depth using the Lipidyzer platform. FINDINGS In humans, cold exposure gradually increased circulating free fatty acids reaching a maximum at 60 min, and transiently decreased total triacylglycerols (TAGs) only at 30 min. A broad range of TAG species was initially decreased, in particular unsaturated and polyunsaturated TAG species with ≤5 double bonds, while after 120 min a significant increase was observed for polyunsaturated TAG species with ≥6 double bonds in humans. The mechanistic study in mice revealed that the cold-induced increase in polyunsaturated TAGs was largely prevented by blocking adipose triglyceride lipase. INTERPRETATION We interpret these findings as that cold exposure feeds thermogenic tissues with TAG-derived fatty acids for combustion, resulting in a decrease of circulating TAG species, followed by increased hepatic production of polyunsaturated TAG species induced by liberation of free fatty acids stemming from adipose tissue. FUNDING This work was supported by the Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative: 'the Dutch Heart Foundation, Dutch Federation of University Medical Centers, the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences' [CVON2017-20 GENIUS-II] to Patrick C.N. Rensen. Borja Martinez-Tellez is supported by individual postdoctoral grant from the Fundación Alfonso Martin Escudero and by a Maria Zambrano fellowship by the Ministerio de Universidades y la Unión Europea - NextGenerationEU (RR_C_2021_04). Lucas Jurado-Fasoli was supported by an individual pre-doctoral grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education (FPU19/01609) and with an Albert Renold Travel Fellowship from the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD). Martin Giera was partially supported by NWO XOmics project #184.034.019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike E. Straat
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Zhixiong Ying
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kimberly J. Nahon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura G.M. Janssen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R. Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gernot F. Grabner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C.N. Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Corresponding author. Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Aging attenuates diurnal lipid uptake by brown adipose tissue. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7734-7751. [PMID: 36202134 PMCID: PMC9596214 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to cardiometabolic health by taking up glucose and lipids for oxidation, a process that displays a strong diurnal rhythm. While aging has been shown to reduce thermogenic characteristics of BAT, it is as yet unknown whether this reduction is specific to the time of day. Therefore, we assessed whole-body and BAT energy metabolism in young and middle-aged male and female C57BL/6J mice and studied the consequences for lipid metabolism in humanized APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice (also on a C57BL/6J background). We demonstrate that in middle-aged versus young mice body temperature is lower in both male and female mice, while uptake of triglyceride (TG)-derived fatty acids (FAs) by BAT, reflecting metabolic activity, is attenuated at its peak at the onset of the dark (wakeful) phase in female mice. This coincided with delayed plasma clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins and TG-depleted lipoprotein core remnants, and elevated plasma TGs at the same time point. Furthermore, middle-aged female mice showed increased adiposity, accompanied by lipid accumulation, increased expression of genes involved in lipogenesis, and reduced expression of genes involved in fat oxidation and the intracellular clock machinery in BAT. Peak abundance of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a crucial regulator of FA uptake, was attenuated in BAT. Our findings suggest that LPL is a potential therapeutic target for restoring diurnal metabolic BAT activity, and that efficiency of strategies targeting BAT may be improved by including time of day as an important factor.
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7
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Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, Acosta FM, Alcantara JMA, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Martinez-Avila WD, Merchan-Ramirez E, Muñoz-Hernandez V, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Xu H, Ortiz-Alvarez L, Arias-Tellez MJ, Mendez-Gutierrez A, Labayen I, Ortega FB, Schönke M, Rensen PCN, Aguilera CM, Llamas-Elvira JM, Gil Á, Ruiz JR. No evidence of brown adipose tissue activation after 24 weeks of supervised exercise training in young sedentary adults in the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5259. [PMID: 36097264 PMCID: PMC9467993 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise modulates both brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning in murine models. Whether this is true in humans, however, has remained unknown. An unblinded randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129) was therefore conducted to study the effects of a 24-week supervised exercise intervention, combining endurance and resistance training, on BAT volume and activity (primary outcome). The study was carried out in the Sport and Health University Research Institute and the Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital of the University of Granada (Spain). One hundred and forty-five young sedentary adults were assigned to either (i) a control group (no exercise, n = 54), (ii) a moderate intensity exercise group (MOD-EX, n = 48), or (iii) a vigorous intensity exercise group (VIG-EX n = 43) by unrestricted randomization. No relevant adverse events were recorded. 97 participants (34 men, 63 women) were included in the final analysis (Control; n = 35, MOD-EX; n = 31, and VIG-EX; n = 31). We observed no changes in BAT volume (Δ Control: −22.2 ± 52.6 ml; Δ MOD-EX: −15.5 ± 62.1 ml, Δ VIG-EX: −6.8 ± 66.4 ml; P = 0.771) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (SUVpeak Δ Control: −2.6 ± 3.1 ml; Δ MOD-EX: −1.2 ± 4.8, Δ VIG-EX: −2.2 ± 5.1; p = 0.476) in either the control or the exercise groups. Thus, we did not find any evidence of an exercise-induced change on BAT volume or activity in young sedentary adults. Exercise modulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism in murine models. Here the authors report that there is no evidence that 24 weeks of supervised exercise training modulates BAT volume or function in young sedentary adults in the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,EFFECTS-262 Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Wendy D Martinez-Avila
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elisa Merchan-Ramirez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Victoria Muñoz-Hernandez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Huiwen Xu
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ortiz-Alvarez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María J Arias-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independence, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Mendez-Gutierrez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milena Schönke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Llamas-Elvira
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,Nuclear Medicine Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Biohealth Research Institute in Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, "José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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8
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Acosta FM, Sanchez-Delgado G, Martinez-Tellez B, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Mendez-Gutierrez A, Aguilera CM, Gil A, Llamas-Elvira JM, Ruiz JR. A larger brown fat volume and lower radiodensity are related to a greater cardiometabolic risk, especially in young men. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 187:171-183. [PMID: 36149276 DOI: 10.1530/eje-22-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important in the maintenance of cardiometabolic health in rodents. Recent reports appear to suggest the same in humans, although if this is true remains elusive partly because of the methodological bias that affected previous research. This cross-sectional work reports the relationships of cold-induced BAT volume, activity (peak standardized uptake, SUVpeak), and mean radiodensity (an inverse proxy of the triacylglycerols content) with the cardiometabolic and inflammatory profile of 131 young adults, and how these relationships are influenced by sex and body weight. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS Subjects underwent personalized cold exposure for 2 h to activate BAT, followed by static 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT scanning to determine BAT variables. Information on cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and inflammatory markers was gathered, and a CMR score and fatty liver index (FLI) were calculated. RESULTS In men, BAT volume was positively related to homocysteine and liver damage markers concentrations (independently of BMI and seasonality) and the FLI (all P ≤ 0.05). In men, BAT mean radiodensity was negatively related to the glucose and insulin concentrations, alanine aminotransferase activity, insulin resistance, total cholesterol/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, the CMR score, and the FLI (all P ≤ 0.02). In women, it was only negatively related to the FLI (P < 0.001). These associations were driven by the results for the overweight and obese subjects. No relationship was seen between BAT and inflammatory markers (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A larger BAT volume and a lower BAT mean radiodensity are related to a higher CMR, especially in young men, which may support that BAT acts as a compensatory organ in states of metabolic disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH 'PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH 'PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH 'PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROFITH 'PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Mendez-Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, 'José Mataix Verdú' Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBNISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepcion M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, 'José Mataix Verdú' Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBNISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, 'José Mataix Verdú' Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBNISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Services, 'Virgen de las Nieves' University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH 'PRO-moting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity' Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
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9
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Osuna-Prieto FJ, Rubio-Lopez J, Di X, Yang W, Kohler I, Rensen PCN, Ruiz JR, Martinez-Tellez B. Plasma Levels of Bile Acids Are Related to Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:715-723. [PMID: 34718617 PMCID: PMC8851912 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bile acids (BA) are known for their role in intestinal lipid absorption and can also play a role as signaling molecules to control energy metabolism. Prior evidence suggests that alterations in circulating BA levels and in the pool of circulating BA are linked to an increased risk of obesity and a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged adults. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the association between plasma levels of BA with cardiometabolic risk factors in a cohort of well-phenotyped, relatively healthy young adults. METHODS Body composition, brown adipose tissue, serum classical cardiometabolic risk factors, and a set of 8 plasma BA (including glyco-conjugated forms) in 136 young adults (age 22.1 ± 2.2 years, 67% women) were measured. RESULTS Plasma levels of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) were higher in men than in women, although these differences disappeared after adjusting for body fat percentage. Furthermore, cholic acid (CA), CDCA, deoxycholic acid (DCA), and glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) levels were positively, yet weakly associated, with lean body mass (LBM) levels, while GDCA and glycolithocholic acid (GLCA) levels were negatively associated with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by brown adipose tissue. Interestingly, glycocholic acid (GCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), and GUDCA were positively associated with glucose and insulin serum levels, HOMA index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-8 levels, but negatively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ApoA1, and adiponectin levels, yet these significant correlations partially disappeared after the inclusion of LBM as a confounder. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that plasma levels of BA might be sex dependent and are associated with cardiometabolic and inflammatory risk factors in young and relatively healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
| | - José Rubio-Lopez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Complejo Hospitalario de Jaen, Spain
| | - Xinyu Di
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, EZ Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Yang
- Division of Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, EZ Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Center for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Jonatan R. Ruiz, PhD, PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), RC Leiden, the Netherlands
- Correspondence: Borja Martinez-Tellez, PhD, PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.
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10
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Jurado‐Fasoli L, Di X, Kohler I, Osuna‐Prieto FJ, Hankemeier T, Krekels E, Harms AC, Yang W, Garcia‐Lario JV, Fernández‐Veledo S, Ruiz JR, Rensen PCN, Martinez‐Tellez B. Omega-6 and omega-3 oxylipins as potential markers of cardiometabolic risk in young adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:50-61. [PMID: 34898010 PMCID: PMC9299871 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Omega-6 and omega-3 oxylipins are known to play a role in inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases in preclinical models. The associations between plasma levels of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived oxylipins and body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults were assessed. METHODS Body composition, brown adipose tissue, traditional serum cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory markers, and a panel of 83 oxylipins were analyzed in 133 young adults (age 22.1[SD 2.2] years, 67% women). RESULTS Plasma levels of four omega-6 oxylipins (15-HeTrE, 5-HETE, 14,15-EpETrE, and the oxidative stress-derived 8,12-iso-iPF2α -VI) correlated positively with adiposity, prevalence of metabolic syndrome, fatty liver index, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index and lipid parameters. By contrast, the plasma levels of three omega-3 oxylipins (14,15-DiHETE, 17,18-DiHETE, and 19,20-DiHDPA) were negatively correlated with adiposity, prevalence of metabolic syndrome, fatty liver index, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index, and lipid parameters. The panel of seven oxylipins predicted adiposity better than traditional inflammatory markers such as interferon gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Pathway analyses revealed that individuals with obesity had higher plasma levels of omega-6 and lower plasma levels of omega-3 oxylipins than normal-weight individuals. CONCLUSION Plasma levels of seven omega-6 and omega-3 oxylipins may have utility as early markers of cardiometabolic risk in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Jurado‐Fasoli
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH)Department of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS)University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Xinyu Di
- Department of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Kohler
- Division of BioAnalytical ChemistryVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)Amsterdamthe Netherlands
- Center for Analytical Sciences AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Francisco J. Osuna‐Prieto
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH)Department of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS)University of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Department of Analytical ChemistryUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)GranadaSpain
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Department of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Elke Krekels
- Department of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Amy C. Harms
- Department of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Systems Biomedicine and PharmacologyLeiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Sonia Fernández‐Veledo
- Departament of Endocrinology and Nutrition and Research UnitUniversity Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII‐Institut d ´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV)TarragonaSpain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)‐Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH)Department of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS)University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Centrethe Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez‐Tellez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH)Department of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS)University of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical Centrethe Netherlands
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11
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Niclou A, Ocobock C. Weather permitting: Increased seasonal efficiency of nonshivering thermogenesis through brown adipose tissue activation in the winter. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23716. [PMID: 34942026 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated seasonal changes in brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and metabolism in a temperate-climate Albany, NY population. METHODS Data were collected among 58 participants (21 males, 37 females, ages: 18-51) in the summer and 59 participants (23 males, 36 females, ages: 18-63) in the winter in Albany, New York. BAT activity was inferred by comparing metabolic rate, heat dissipation in the supraclavicular area, and respiratory quotient at room temperature and cold exposure. Seasonal variation in BAT was determined by comparing these measurements from summer and winter. RESULTS At mild cold exposure, heat dissipation of the supraclavicular area was significantly greater in the winter compared to summer (p < .001); however, no significant differences were found between seasons in metabolic rate measurements. This suggests BAT activation may be metabolically more efficient in the winter, due to prolonged lower seasonal temperatures relative to summer. Respiratory quotient significantly increased upon mild cold exposure in the winter compared to summer (p < .001). While carbohydrate utilization increased in the winter, fat remained the primary metabolic substrate for BAT activity across both seasons. CONCLUSION The seasonal variations in the effects of nonshivering thermogenesis on metabolic rate and substrate metabolism suggest a buffering of energy expenditure and an increased use of glucose as fuel by BAT as a result of acclimatization to cold in the winter. These findings point towards a potential role of BAT in human whole-body mediated glucose disposal and cold adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Niclou
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Cara Ocobock
- Department of Anthropology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
- Eck Institute for Global Health, Institute for Educational Initiatives, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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12
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Diurnal variations of cold-induced thermogenesis in young, healthy adults: A randomized crossover trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5311-5321. [PMID: 34536639 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harnessing cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity has been proposed as a means of counteracting a positive energy balance, and thus of combating obesity and its related comorbidities. However, it has remained unclear whether CIT and BAT activity show diurnal variation in humans - knowledge that might allow treatments based on these factors to be time-optimized. METHODS A randomized crossover experiment was designed to examine whether CIT shows morning/evening variation in young, healthy adults (n = 14, 5 women). On the first experimental day, subjects' shivering thresholds were determined following a cooling protocol. After ≈96 h had elapsed, the subjects then returned on two further days (approx. 48 h apart) at 08:00 h or 18:00 in random order. On both the latter days, the resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured before the subjects underwent personalized cold exposure (i.e., according to their shivering threshold). CIT was then assessed for 60 min by indirect calorimetry. In an independent cross-sectional study (n = 133, 88 women), subjects came to the laboratory between 8:00 and 18:00 h and their BAT 18F-fluordeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake was assessed after personalized cold stimulation. RESULTS Both the REE and CIT were similar in the morning and evening (all P > 0.05). Indeed, 60 min of personalized-mild cold exposure in the morning or evening elicited a similar change in energy expenditure (16.8 ± 12.8 vs. 15.7 ± 15.1% increase above REE, P = 0.72). BAT 18F-FDG uptake was also similar in the morning, evening and afternoon (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION CIT does not appear to show morning/evening variation in young healthy adults, with the current study design and methodology. BAT 18F-FDG uptake appears not to change across the day either, although experiments with a within-subject study design are needed to confirm these findings. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT02365129.
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13
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Sanchez-Delgado G, Martinez-Tellez B, Acosta FM, Virtue S, Vidal-Puig A, Gil A, Llamas-Elvira JM, Ruiz JR. Brown Adipose Tissue Volume and Fat Content Are Positively Associated With Whole-Body Adiposity in Young Men-Not in Women. Diabetes 2021; 70:1473-1485. [PMID: 33858825 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume has consistently been claimed to be inversely associated with whole-body adiposity. However, recent advances in the assessment of human BAT suggest that previously reported associations may have been biased. The present cross-sectional study investigates the association of BAT volume, mean radiodensity, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake (assessed via a static positron emission tomography [PET]-computed tomography [CT] scan after a 2-h personalized cold exposure) with whole-body adiposity (measured by DXA) in 126 young adults (42 men and 84 women; mean ± SD BMI 24.9 ± 4.7 kg/m2). BAT volume, but not 18F-FDG uptake, was positively associated with BMI, fat mass, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass in men but not in women. These associations were independent of the date when the PET-CT was performed, insulin sensitivity, and body surface area. BAT mean radiodensity, an inverse proxy of BAT fat content, was negatively associated with BMI, fat mass, and VAT mass in men and in women. These results refute the widely held belief that human BAT volume is reduced in obese persons, at least in young adults, and suggest that it might even be the opposite in young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Samuel Virtue
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, U.K
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, U.K
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Services, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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14
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Sakiyama H, Li L, Kuwahara-Otani S, Nakagawa T, Eguchi H, Yoshihara D, Shinohara M, Fujiwara N, Suzuki K. A lack of ChREBP inhibits mitochondrial cristae formation in brown adipose tissue. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3577-3590. [PMID: 34021470 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a glucose-responsive transcription factor that increases the transcription of multiple genes. ChREBP is highly localized in the liver, where it upregulates the expression of genes that code for glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes, resulting in the conversion of excess carbohydrate into storage fat. ChREBP knockout (KO) mice display an anti-obese phenotype. However, at this time, role of ChREBP in adipose tissue remains unclear. Therefore, the energy metabolism and morphology of mitochondrial brown adipose tissue (BAT) in ChREBP KO mice was examined. We found increased expression levels of electron transport system proteins including the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP1), and mitochondrial structural alterations such as dysplasia of the cristae and the presence of small mitochondria in BAT of ChREBP KO mice. Mass spectrometry analyses revealed that fatty acid synthase was absent in the BAT of ChREBP KO mice, which probably led to a reduction in fatty acids and cardiolipin, a regulator of various mitochondrial events. Our study clarified the new role of ChREBP in adipose tissue and its involvement in mitochondrial function. A clearer understanding of ChREBP in mitochondria could pave the way for improvements in obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiko Sakiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Sachi Kuwahara-Otani
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-gun, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Hironobu Eguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yoshihara
- Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- Division of Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Noriko Fujiwara
- Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
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15
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Ying Z, Boon MR, Coskun T, Kooijman S, Rensen PCN. A simplified procedure to trace triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism in vivo. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14820. [PMID: 33945228 PMCID: PMC8095365 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerol tri[3H]oleate and [14C]cholesteryl oleate double‐labeled triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein (TRL)‐like particles are a well‐established tool to trace the effect of lipid‐modulating interventions on TRL metabolism. The routine generation of these particles involves sonication of a lipid mixture and subsequent fractionation of resulting particles into populations of different average size through density gradient ultracentrifugation. Here, we describe a simplified and more time‐efficient procedure for preparing TRL‐like particles without the need of fractionation. The simplified procedure shortened the preparation of particles from over 4 h to less than 2 h and generated particles with a higher yield, although with a smaller average size and more heterogeneous size distribution. In C57Bl/6J mice housed at thermoneutrality (30°C), the two preparations showed highly comparable plasma clearance and organ distribution of glycerol tri[3H]oleate‐derived [3H]oleate and [14C]cholesteryl oleate, as measures of lipolysis and core remnant uptake, respectively. Upon a cold challenge (14°C), plasma clearance was accelerated due to enhanced uptake of glycerol tri[3H]oleate‐derived [3H]oleate by brown adipose tissue. The simplified procedure resulted in a modestly increased particle uptake by the spleen, while uptake by other organs was comparable between the two preparations. In conclusion, the simplified procedure accelerates the preparation of TRL‐like particles for tracing in vivo TRL metabolism. We anticipate that this time‐efficient procedure will be useful for incorporation of PET‐traceable lipids to obtain more insight into human lipoprotein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Ying
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tamer Coskun
- Department of Diabetes/Endocrine, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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16
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Malinská H, Hüttl M, Miklánková D, Trnovská J, Zapletalová I, Poruba M, Marková I. Ovariectomy-Induced Hepatic Lipid and Cytochrome P450 Dysmetabolism Precedes Serum Dyslipidemia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094527. [PMID: 33926097 PMCID: PMC8123580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian hormone deficiency leads to increased body weight, visceral adiposity, fatty liver and disorders associated with menopausal metabolic syndrome. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of these disorders in their early phases of development, we investigated the effect of ovariectomy on lipid and glucose metabolism. Compared to sham-operated controls, ovariectomized Wistar female rats markedly increased whole body and visceral adipose tissue weight (p ˂ 0.05) and exhibited insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Severe hepatic triglyceride accumulation (p ˂ 0.001) after ovariectomy preceded changes in both serum lipids and glucose intolerance, reflecting alterations in some CYP proteins. Increased CYP2E1 (p ˂ 0.05) and decreased CYP4A (p ˂ 0.001) after ovariectomy reduced fatty acid oxidation and induced hepatic steatosis. Decreased triglyceride metabolism and secretion from the liver contributed to hepatic triglyceride accumulation in response to ovariectomy. In addition, interscapular brown adipose tissue of ovariectomized rats exhibited decreased fatty acid oxidation (p ˂ 0.01), lipogenesis (p ˂ 0.05) and lipolysis (p ˂ 0.05) despite an increase in tissue weight. The results provide evidence that impaired hepatic triglycerides and dysregulation of some CYP450 proteins may have been involved in the development of hepatic steatosis. The low metabolic activity of brown adipose tissue may have contributed to visceral adiposity as well as triglyceride accumulation during the postmenopausal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Malinská
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (D.M.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-261-365-369; Fax: +420-261-363-027
| | - Martina Hüttl
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (D.M.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Denisa Miklánková
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (D.M.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Jaroslava Trnovská
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (D.M.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
| | - Iveta Zapletalová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.P.)
| | - Martin Poruba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (I.Z.); (M.P.)
| | - Irena Marková
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (D.M.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
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17
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Cuschieri S, Calleja Agius J. The interaction between diabetes and climate change - A review on the dual global phenomena. Early Hum Dev 2021; 155:105220. [PMID: 33039261 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes and climate change are forefront global challenges of the 21st century. Both are on a progressive incline with intergenerational effects on the wellbeing, health and security of the population. The aim of this review was to explore the interconnection relationship between type 2 diabetes and climate change. METHODS A literature review search of MEDLINE publications from 2010 to March 2020 was performed. English-language articles using terms "diabetes" AND "climate change" OR "temperature change" OR "temperature rise" OR "hot temperature" OR "extreme heat" were reviewed. RESULTS Climate change and diabetes are interconnected through a direct and indirect pathway. Temperature changes can trigger a person's susceptibility to develop diabetes as well as impose adverse effects on those diagnosed with diabetes (such as increased incidence of hospitalization, dehydration and mortality). Both temperature extremes have been reported to lead to negative effects on diabetes. Concurrently, both phenomena have shared predisposing vectors (such as sedentary lifestyle, urbanisation, unhealthy diets) that lead to their progressive development. CONCLUSION A bidirectional relationship exists between type 2 diabetes and climate change. This relationship originates through a multifactorial pathway involving biological, social, environmental, geophysical and economic factors. An integrated action plan targeting the common predisposing vectors should be set up. This should support a low environmental impact while promoting equity and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cuschieri
- Department Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Malta.
| | - Jean Calleja Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Malta
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18
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A physiological glucocorticoid rhythm is an important regulator of brown adipose tissue function. Mol Metab 2021; 47:101179. [PMID: 33548499 PMCID: PMC7907824 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Brown adipose tissue (BAT) displays a strong circadian rhythm in metabolic activity, but it is unclear how this rhythm is regulated. As circulating levels of corticosterone coincide with the rhythm of triglyceride-derived fatty acid (FA) uptake by BAT, we investigated whether corticosterone regulates BAT circadian rhythm. Methods Corticosterone levels were flattened by implanting mice with subcutaneous corticosterone-releasing pellets, resulting in constant circulating corticosterone levels. Results Flattened corticosterone rhythm caused a complete loss of circadian rhythm in triglyceride-derived fatty acid uptake by BAT. This effect was independent of glucocorticoid receptor expression in (brown) adipocytes and was not caused by deregulation of clock gene expression or overexposure to glucocorticoids, but rather seemed mediated by reduced sympathetic innervation of BAT. In a mouse model of hyperlipidemia and metabolic syndrome, long-term experimental flattening of corticosterone − and thus rhythm in BAT function − resulted in adiposity. Conclusions This study highlights that a physiological rhythm in glucocorticoids is an important regulator of BAT function and essential for the maintenance of metabolic health. Flattening of corticosterone rhythm blunts circadian activity of brown adipose tissue. Disturbed corticosterone rhythm − rather than overexposure− is responsible for blunted brown adipose tissue activity. The metabolic effect of flattened corticosterone levels is independent of adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor expression. Long-term flattening of corticosterone levels results in increased adiposity in a female mouse model for metabolic syndrome.
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19
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Qiang GF. Natural products targeting mitochondria: A promising strategy for metabolic syndrome. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:801-802. [PMID: 33308600 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fen Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing 100050, China.
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20
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Eveleens Maarse BC, Loh NY, Karpe F, Rosendaal FR, van Heemst D, Mook-Kanamori DO, Willems van Dijk K, Rensen PCN, Kooijman S, Christodoulides C, Noordam R. Associations between outdoor temperature and bright sunlight with metabolites in two population-based European cohorts. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:2252-2261. [PMID: 32912789 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Outdoor temperature and bright sunlight may directly and/or indirectly modulate systemic metabolism. We assessed the associations between outdoor temperature and bright sunlight duration with metabolomics. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken in non-diabetic individuals from the Oxford BioBank (OBB; N = 6368; mean age 47.0 years, males 44%) and the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO; N = 5916; mean age 55.6 years, males 43%) study. Data on mean outdoor bright sunlight and temperature were collected from local weather stations in the week prior to blood sampling. Fasting serum levels of 148 metabolites, including 14 lipoprotein subclasses, were measured using NMR spectroscopy. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between mean outdoor temperature and bright sunlight duration with metabolomics adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, season and either outdoor temperature or bright sunlight. A higher mean outdoor temperature was associated with increased serum concentrations of lipoprotein (sub)particles (β (SE) = 0.064 (0.018) SD per 5 °C, p = 5.03e-4) and certain amino acids such as phenylalanine (0.066 (0.016) SD, p = 6.44e-05) and leucine (0.111 (0.018) SD, p = 1.25e-09). In contrast, longer duration of bright sunlight was specifically associated with lower concentrations of very low-density lipoprotein (sub)particles (e.g., VLDL cholesterol (-0.024 (0.005) SD per 1-h bright sunlight, p = 8.06e-6)). The direction of effects was generally consistent between the OBB and NEO, although effect sizes were generally larger in the OBB. CONCLUSIONS Increased bright sunlight duration is associated with an improved metabolic profile whilst higher outdoor temperature may adversely impact cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boukje C Eveleens Maarse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nellie Y Loh
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Constantinos Christodoulides
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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21
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Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Martinez-Tellez B, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Merchan-Ramirez E, Löf M, Labayen I, Ravussin E, Ruiz JR. Energy Expenditure and Macronutrient Oxidation in Response to an Individualized Nonshivering Cooling Protocol. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:2175-2183. [PMID: 32985119 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the energy expenditure (EE) and macronutrient oxidation response to an individualized nonshivering cold exposure in young healthy adults. METHODS Two different groups of 44 (study 1: 22.1 [SD 2.1] years old, 25.6 [SD 5.2] kg/m2 , 34% men) and 13 young healthy adults (study 2: 25.6 [SD 3.0] years old, 23.6 [SD 2.4] kg/m2 , 54% men) participated in this study. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and macronutrient oxidation rates were measured by indirect calorimetry under fasting conditions in a warm environment (for 30 minutes) and in mild cold conditions (for 65 minutes, with the individual wearing a water-perfused cooling vest set at an individualized temperature adjusted to the individual's shivering threshold). RESULTS In study 1, EE increased in the initial stage of cold exposure and remained stable for the whole cold exposure (P < 0.001). Mean cold-induced thermogenesis (9.56 ± 7.9 kcal/h) was 13.9% ± 11.6% of the RMR (range: -14.8% to 39.9% of the RMR). Carbohydrate oxidation decreased during the first 30 minutes of the cold exposure and later recovered up to the baseline values (P < 0.01) in parallel to opposite changes in fat oxidation (P < 0.01). Results were replicated in study 2. CONCLUSIONS A 1-hour mild cold exposure individually adjusted to elicit maximum nonshivering thermogenesis induces a very modest increase in EE and a shift of macronutrient oxidation that may underlie a shift in thermogenic tissue activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elisa Merchan-Ramirez
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marie Löf
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eric Ravussin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- Promoting Fitness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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22
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Nahon KJ, Janssen LGM, Sardjoe Mishre ASD, Bilsen MP, van der Eijk JA, Botani K, Overduin LA, Ruiz JR, Burakiewicz J, Dzyubachyk O, Webb AG, Kan HE, Berbée JFP, van Klinken J, van Dijk KW, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Coskun T, Jazet IM, Kooijman S, Martinez‐Tellez B, Boon MR, Rensen PCN. The effect of mirabegron on energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue in healthy lean South Asian and Europid men. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:2032-2044. [PMID: 32558052 PMCID: PMC7771034 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the effects of cold exposure and the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron on plasma lipids, energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in South Asians versus Europids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten lean Dutch South Asian (aged 18-30 years; body mass index [BMI] 18-25 kg/m2 ) and 10 age- and BMI-matched Europid men participated in a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over study consisting of three interventions: short-term (~ 2 hours) cold exposure, mirabegron (200 mg one dose p.o.) and placebo. Before and after each intervention, we performed lipidomic analysis in serum, assessed resting energy expenditure (REE) and skin temperature, and measured BAT fat fraction by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS In both ethnicities, cold exposure increased the levels of several serum lipid species, whereas mirabegron only increased free fatty acids. Cold exposure increased lipid oxidation in both ethnicities, while mirabegron increased lipid oxidation in Europids only. Cold exposure and mirabegron enhanced supraclavicular skin temperature in both ethnicities. Cold exposure decreased BAT fat fraction in both ethnicities. After the combination of data from both ethnicities, mirabegron decreased BAT fat fraction compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS In South Asians and Europids, cold exposure and mirabegron induced beneficial metabolic effects. When combining both ethnicities, cold exposure and mirabegron increased REE and lipid oxidation, coinciding with a higher supraclavicular skin temperature and lower BAT fat fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J. Nahon
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Laura G. M. Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Manu P. Bilsen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jari A. van der Eijk
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Kani Botani
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Lisanne A. Overduin
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport SciencesPROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Jedrzej Burakiewicz
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Oleh Dzyubachyk
- Department of Radiology, Division of Image Processing (LKEB)Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Andrew G. Webb
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Hermien E. Kan
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F. P. Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jan‐Bert van Klinken
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M. Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Tamer Coskun
- Department of Diabetes/EndocrineLilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Ingrid M. Jazet
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez‐Tellez
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport SciencesPROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Mariëtte R. Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
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Jurado-Fasoli L, Merchan-Ramirez E, Martinez-Tellez B, Acosta FM, Sanchez-Delgado G, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Muñoz Hernandez V, Martinez-Avila WD, Ortiz-Alvarez L, Xu H, Arias Téllez MJ, Ruiz-López MD, Llamas-Elvira JM, Gil Á, Labayen I, Ruiz JR. Association between dietary factors and brown adipose tissue volume/ 18F-FDG uptake in young adults. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:1997-2008. [PMID: 32994069 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association between usual dietary factors (dietary energy density, nutrient intake, food group consumption, and dietary pattern) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume/18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake after personalized cold exposure in young healthy adults. METHODS A total of 122 young adults (n = 82 women; 22.0 ± 2.1 years old; 24.8 ± 4.8 kg/m2) took part in this cross-sectional study. Dietary factors were measured via a food frequency questionnaire and three non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Dietary energy density (foods and caloric beverages included) and macronutrient intakes were subsequently estimated using EvalFINUT® software, food group consumption was estimated from the food frequency questionnaire, and different dietary patterns and quality indices were determined according to the reference methods. BAT volume, BAT 18F-FDG uptake, and skeletal muscle 18F-FDG uptake were assessed by static 18F-FDG positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) scans after a 2 h personalized exposure to cold. RESULTS A direct association was detected between dietary energy density and BAT Standardized Uptake Value (SUV)mean (β = 0.215; R2 = 0.044; P = 0.022), and between ethanol consumption and BAT volume (β = 0.215; R2 = 0.044; P = 0.022). The a priori Mediterranean dietary pattern was inversely associated with BAT SUVmean and SUVpeak (β = -0.273; R2 = 0.075; P = 0.003 and β = -0.255; R2 = 0.066; P = 0.005 respectively). In addition, the diet quality index for a Mediterranean diet and a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern (as determined via the dietary inflammatory index) were directly associated with BAT SUVmean and SUVpeak (SUVmean: β = 0.238; R2 = 0.053; P = 0.013 and β = 0.256; R2 = 0.052; P = 0.012 respectively; SUVpeak: β = 0.278; R2 = 0.073; P = 0.003 and β = 0.248; R2 = 0.049; P = 0.016 respectively). After controlling for multiplicity and possible confounders (sex, the evaluation wave and BMI), all the detected associations persisted. CONCLUSION Dietary factors are slightly associated with BAT volume and/or 18F-FDG uptake after a personalized cold exposure in young adults. Our results provide an overall picture of the potential relationships between dietary factors and BAT-related variables in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain; EFFECTS 262 Research Group, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Elisa Merchan-Ramirez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain; EFFECTS 262 Research Group, Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Victoria Muñoz Hernandez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain
| | - Wendy D Martinez-Avila
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ortiz-Alvarez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Huiwen Xu
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - María José Arias Téllez
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Independence, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Dolores Ruiz-López
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation (FINUT), Av. Del Conocimiento 12, 3 (a) pta, Armilla, 18016, Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation (FINUT), Av. Del Conocimiento 12, 3 (a) pta, Armilla, 18016, Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18007, Granada, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain
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24
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Acosta FM, Sanchez-Delgado G, Martinez-Tellez B, Migueles JH, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Rensen PCN, Llamas-Elvira JM, Blondin DP, Ruiz JR. Sleep duration and quality are not associated with brown adipose tissue volume or activity-as determined by 18F-FDG uptake, in young, sedentary adults. Sleep 2020; 42:5549537. [PMID: 31555815 PMCID: PMC6930133 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives Short sleep duration and sleep disturbances have been related to obesity and metabolic disruption. However, the behavioral and physiological mechanisms linking sleep and alterations in energy balance and metabolism are incompletely understood. In rodents, sleep regulation is closely related to appropriate brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity, but whether the same is true in humans has remained unknown. The present work examines whether sleep duration and quality are related to BAT volume and activity (measured by 18F-FDG) and BAT radiodensity in humans. Methods A total of 118 healthy adults (69% women, 21.9 ± 2.2 years, body mass index: 24.9 ± 4.7 kg/m2) participated in this cross-sectional study. Sleep duration and other sleep variables were measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer for seven consecutive days for 24 hours per day. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. All participants then underwent a personalized cold exposure to determine their BAT volume, activity, and radiodensity (a proxy of the intracellular triglyceride content), using static positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CI) scan. Results Neither sleep duration nor quality was associated with BAT volume or activity (the latter represented by the mean and peak standardized 18F-FDG uptake values) or radiodensity (all p > .1). The lack of association remained after adjusting the analyses for sex, date of PET/CT, and body composition. Conclusions Although experiments in rodent models indicate a strong relationship to exist between sleep regulation and BAT function, it seems that sleep duration and quality may not be directly related to the BAT variables examined in the present work. Clinical Trial Registration NCT02365129 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jairo H Migueles
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Services, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Denis P Blondin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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25
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Janssen LGM, Nahon KJ, Bracké KFM, van den Broek D, Smit R, Sardjoe Mishre ASD, Koorneef LL, Martinez-Tellez B, Burakiewicz J, Kan HE, van Velden FHP, Pereira Arias-Bouda LM, de Geus-Oei LF, Berbée JFP, Jazet IM, Boon MR, Rensen PCN. Twelve weeks of exenatide treatment increases [ 18F]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by brown adipose tissue without affecting oxidative resting energy expenditure in nondiabetic males. Metabolism 2020; 106:154167. [PMID: 31982480 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Brown adipose tissue (BAT) improves energy metabolism by combusting glucose and lipids into heat. Agonism of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) within the central nervous system activates BAT in mice. Moreover, in patients with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1R agonism lowers body weight and improves glucose and lipid levels, possibly involving BAT activation. Interestingly, people from South Asian descent are prone to develop cardiometabolic disease. We studied the effect of GLP-1R agonism on BAT in humans, specifically in South Asians and Europids without obesity or type 2 diabetes. METHODS Twelve Dutch South Asian and 12 age- and BMI-matched Europid nondiabetic men received 12 weeks extended-release exenatide (Bydureon) in this single-arm prospective study. Before and after treatment, BAT was visualized by a cold-induced [18F]FDG-PET/CT scan and a thermoneutral MRI scan, and resting energy expenditure (REE), substrate oxidation, body composition and fasting plasma glucose and serum lipids were determined. Appetite was rated using a visual analogue scale. RESULTS Since the effect of exenatide on metabolic parameters did not evidently differ between ethnicities, data of all participants were pooled. Exenatide decreased body weight (-1.5 ± 0.4 kg, p < 0.01), without affecting REE or substrate oxidation, and transiently decreased appetite ratings during the first weeks. Exenatide also lowered triglycerides (-15%, p < 0.05) and total cholesterol (-5%, p < 0.05), and tended to lower glucose levels. Notably, exenatide increased BAT metabolic volume (+28%, p < 0.05) and mean standardized uptake value (+11%, p < 0.05) ([18F]FDG-PET/CT), without affecting supraclavicular adipose tissue fat fraction (MRI). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We show for the first time that GLP-1R agonism increases [18F]FDG uptake by BAT in South Asian and Europid men without obesity or type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRY Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03002675.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura G M Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kimberly J Nahon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Katrien F M Bracké
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis van den Broek
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renée Smit
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Aashley S D Sardjoe Mishre
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa L Koorneef
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jedrzej Burakiewicz
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hermien E Kan
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Floris H P van Velden
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lenka M Pereira Arias-Bouda
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands
| | - Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M Jazet
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Straat ME, Schinkelshoek MS, Fronczek R, Lammers GJ, Rensen PCN, Boon MR. Role of Brown Adipose Tissue in Adiposity Associated With Narcolepsy Type 1. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:145. [PMID: 32373062 PMCID: PMC7176868 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Narcolepsy type 1 is a neurological sleep-wake disorder caused by the destruction of orexin (hypocretin)-producing neurons. These neurons are particularly located in the lateral hypothalamus and have widespread projections throughout the brain, where they are involved, e.g., in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle and appetite. Interestingly, a higher prevalence of obesity has been reported in patients with narcolepsy type 1 compared to healthy controls, despite a normal to decreased food intake and comparable physical activity. This suggests the involvement of tissues implicated in total energy expenditure, including skeletal muscle, liver, white adipose tissue (WAT), and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Recent evidence from pre-clinical studies with orexin knock-out mice demonstrates a crucial role for the orexin system in the functionality of brown adipose tissue (BAT), probably through multiple pathways. Since BAT is a highly metabolically active organ that combusts fatty acids and glucose toward heat, thereby contributing to energy metabolism, this raises the question of whether BAT plays a role in the development of obesity and related metabolic diseases in narcolepsy type 1. BAT is densely innervated by the sympathetic nervous system that activates BAT, for instance, following cold exposure. The sympathetic outflow toward BAT is mainly mediated by the dorsomedial, ventromedial, arcuate, and paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus. This review focuses on the current knowledge on the role of the orexin system in the control of energy balance, with specific focus on BAT metabolism and adiposity in both preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike E. Straat
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Maaike E. Straat
| | - Mink S. Schinkelshoek
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Sleep Wake Centre SEIN, Heemstede, Netherlands
| | - Rolf Fronczek
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Sleep Wake Centre SEIN, Heemstede, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Jan Lammers
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Sleep Wake Centre SEIN, Heemstede, Netherlands
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R. Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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27
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Jimenez‐Pavon D, Corral‐Perez J, Sánchez‐Infantes D, Villarroya F, Ruiz JR, Martinez‐Tellez B. Infrared Thermography for Estimating Supraclavicular Skin Temperature and BAT Activity in Humans: A Systematic Review. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:1932-1949. [PMID: 31691547 PMCID: PMC6899990 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic tissue with potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders. The most used technique for quantifying human BAT activity is the measurement of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake via a positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan following exposure to cold. However, several studies have indicated the measurement of the supraclavicular skin temperature (SST) by infrared thermography (IRT) to be a less invasive alternative. This work reviews the state of the art of this latter method as a means of determining BAT activity in humans. METHODS The data sources for this review were PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost (SPORTdiscus), and eligible studies were those conducted in humans. RESULTS In most studies in which participants were first cooled, an increase in IRT-measured SST was noted. However, only 5 of 24 such studies also involved a nuclear technique that confirmed increased activity in BAT, and only 2 took into account the thickness of the fat layer when measuring SST by IRT. CONCLUSIONS More work is needed to understand the involvement of tissues other than BAT in determining IRT-measured SST; at present, IRT cannot determine whether any increase in SST is due to increased BAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jimenez‐Pavon
- MOVE‐IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education SciencesUniversity of CádizCádizSpain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of CádizCádizSpain
| | - Juan Corral‐Perez
- MOVE‐IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education SciencesUniversity of CádizCádizSpain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of CádizCádizSpain
| | - David Sánchez‐Infantes
- Department of Endocrinology and NutritionGermans Trias i Pujol Research InstituteBadalonaBarcelonaSpain
- Biomedical Research Center (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición) (CIBEROBN), ISCIIIMadridSpain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Biomedical Research Center (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición) (CIBEROBN), ISCIIIMadridSpain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineInstitute of BiomedicineBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Borja Martinez‐Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenthe Netherlands
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28
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Coolbaugh CL, Damon BM, Bush EC, Welch EB, Towse TF. Cold exposure induces dynamic, heterogeneous alterations in human brown adipose tissue lipid content. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13600. [PMID: 31537877 PMCID: PMC6753098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue undergoes a dynamic, heterogeneous response to cold exposure that can include the simultaneous synthesis, uptake, and oxidation of fatty acids. The purpose of this work was to quantify these changes in brown adipose tissue lipid content (fat-signal fraction (FSF)) using fat-water magnetic resonance imaging during individualized cooling to 3 °C above a participant's shiver threshold. Eight healthy men completed familiarization, perception-based cooling, and MRI-cooling visits. FSF maps of the supraclavicular region were acquired in thermoneutrality and during cooling (59.5 ± 6.5 min). Brown adipose tissue regions of interest were defined, and voxels were grouped into FSF decades (0-10%, 10-20%…90-100%) according to their initial value. Brown adipose tissue contained a heterogeneous morphology of lipid content. Voxels with initial FSF values of 60-100% (P < 0.05) exhibited a significant decrease in FSF while a simultaneous increase in FSF occurred in voxels with initial FSF values of 0-30% (P < 0.05). These data suggest that in healthy young men, cold exposure elicits a dynamic and heterogeneous response in brown adipose tissue, with areas initially rich with lipid undergoing net lipid loss and areas of low initial lipid undergoing a net lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal L Coolbaugh
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bruce M Damon
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Emily C Bush
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - E Brian Welch
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Theodore F Towse
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State, Allendale, MI, USA
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29
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Acosta FM, Martinez-Tellez B, Blondin DP, Haman F, Rensen PCN, Llamas-Elvira JM, Martinez-Nicolas A, Ruiz JR. Relationship between the Daily Rhythm of Distal Skin Temperature and Brown Adipose Tissue 18F-FDG Uptake in Young Sedentary Adults. J Biol Rhythms 2019; 34:533-550. [PMID: 31389278 PMCID: PMC6732824 DOI: 10.1177/0748730419865400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines whether the daily rhythm of distal skin temperature (DST) is associated with brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism as determined by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake in young adults. Using a wireless thermometer (iButton) worn on the nondominant wrist, DST was measured in 77 subjects (26% male; age 22 ± 2 years; body mass index 25.2 ± 4.8 kg/m2) for 7 consecutive days. The temperatures to which they were habitually exposed over the day were also recorded. The interday stability of DST was calculated from the collected data, along with the intraday variability and relative amplitude; the mean temperature of the 5 and 10 consecutive hours with the maximum and minimum DST values, respectively; and when these hours occurred. Following exposure to cold, BAT volume and mean and peak standardized 18F-FDG uptake (SUVmean and SUVpeak) were determined for each subject via static 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography scanning. Relative amplitude and the time at which the 10 consecutive hours of minimum DST values occurred were positively associated with BAT volume, SUVmean, and SUVpeak (p ≤ 0.02), whereas the mean DST of that period was inversely associated with the latter BAT variables (p ≤ 0.01). The interday stability and intraday variability of the DST were also associated (directly and inversely, respectively) with BAT SUVpeak (p ≤ 0.02 for both). All of these associations disappeared, however, when the analyses were adjusted for the ambient temperature to which the subjects were habitually exposed. Thus, the relationship between the daily rhythm of DST and BAT activity estimated by 18F-FDG uptake is masked by environmental and likely behavioral factors. Of note is that those participants exposed to the lowest ambient temperature showed 3 to 5 times more BAT volume and activity compared with subjects who were exposed to a warmer ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Denis P Blondin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Université de Sherbrooke and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - François Haman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Martinez-Nicolas
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Martinez-Tellez B, Garcia-Rivero Y, Sanchez-Delgado G, Xu H, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Acosta FM, Rensen PCN, Boon MR, Llamas-Elvira JM, Ruiz JR. Supraclavicular skin temperature measured by iButtons and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by brown adipose tissue in adults. J Therm Biol 2019; 82:178-185. [PMID: 31128645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, 18 [F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in combination with a positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan analysis is the most commonly used method to quantify human BAT volume and activity. However, this technique presents several drawbacks which negatively affect participant's health. The aim of the present work is to determine whether supraclavicular skin temperature can be used as an indirect marker of cold-induced BAT and skeletal muscle 18F-FDG uptake in adults, while taking into account body composition. We performed a personalized cooling protocol just before an 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan, and we measured supraclavicular skin temperature before (in warm conditions) and after the cooling protocol in 88 adults (n = 57 women, mean age: 21.9 ± 2.1 years old, body mass index: 24.5 ± 4.3 km/m2). We found that supraclavicular skin temperature at the warm and cold periods was weakly and positively associated with BAT activity (SUVmean and SUVpeak: β = 3.000; R2 = 0.072; P = 0.022 and β = 2.448; R2 = 0.060; P = 0.021), but not with skeletal muscle 18F-FDG uptake, after controlling for body composition. We performed further analyses and the positive associations persisted only in the group of women. In conclusion, supraclavicular skin temperature in warm and cold conditions seems to be related with cold-induced 18F-FDG uptake by BAT only in women, although the low explained variance of these associations means that there are other factors involved in the supraclavicular skin temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Yolanda Garcia-Rivero
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Nuclear Medicine Department, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Huiwen Xu
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Nuclear Medicine Department, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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31
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Osuna-Prieto FJ, Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, Aguilera CM, Lozano-Sánchez J, Arráez-Román D, Segura-Carretero A, Ruiz JR. Activation of Human Brown Adipose Tissue by Capsinoids, Catechins, Ephedrine, and Other Dietary Components: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:291-302. [PMID: 30624591 PMCID: PMC6416040 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) has attracted clinical interest not only because it dissipates energy but also for its potential capacity to counteract obesity and related metabolic disorders (e.g., insulin resistance and dyslipidemia). Cold exposure is the most powerful stimulus for activating and recruiting BAT, and this stimulatory effect is mediated by the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. BAT can also be activated by other receptors such as the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1) or β-adrenergic receptors. Interestingly, these receptors also interact with several dietary components; in particular, capsinoids and tea catechins appear to mimic the effects of cold through a TRP-BAT axis, and they consequently seem to decrease body fat and improve metabolic blood parameters. This systematic review critically addresses the evidence behind the available human studies analyzing the effect of several dietary components (e.g., capsinoids, tea catechins, and ephedrine) on BAT activity. Even though the results of these studies are consistent with the outcomes of preclinical models, the lack of robust study designs makes it impossible to confirm the BAT-activation capacity of the specified dietary components. Further investigation into the effects of dietary components on BAT is warranted to clarify to what extent these components could serve as a powerful strategy to treat obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Departments of
- Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Departments of
- Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Departments of
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research and Development of Functional Food Center (CIDAF), Health Sciences Technology Park, Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Departments of
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Schilperoort M, van Dam AD, Hoeke G, Shabalina IG, Okolo A, Hanyaloglu AC, Dib LH, Mol IM, Caengprasath N, Chan YW, Damak S, Miller AR, Coskun T, Shimpukade B, Ulven T, Kooijman S, Rensen PC, Christian M. The GPR120 agonist TUG-891 promotes metabolic health by stimulating mitochondrial respiration in brown fat. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708047. [PMID: 29343498 PMCID: PMC5840546 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation stimulates energy expenditure in human adults, which makes it an attractive target to combat obesity and related disorders. Recent studies demonstrated a role for G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) in BAT thermogenesis. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of GPR120 agonism and addressed GPR120-mediated signaling in BAT We found that activation of GPR120 by the selective agonist TUG-891 acutely increases fat oxidation and reduces body weight and fat mass in C57Bl/6J mice. These effects coincided with decreased brown adipocyte lipid content and increased nutrient uptake by BAT, confirming increased BAT activity. Consistent with these observations, GPR120 deficiency reduced expression of genes involved in nutrient handling in BAT Stimulation of brown adipocytes in vitro with TUG-891 acutely induced O2 consumption, through GPR120-dependent and GPR120-independent mechanisms. TUG-891 not only stimulated GPR120 signaling resulting in intracellular calcium release, mitochondrial depolarization, and mitochondrial fission, but also activated UCP1. Collectively, these data suggest that activation of brown adipocytes with the GPR120 agonist TUG-891 is a promising strategy to increase lipid combustion and reduce obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Schilperoort
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK .,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea D van Dam
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Geerte Hoeke
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Irina G Shabalina
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthony Okolo
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aylin C Hanyaloglu
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lea H Dib
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Isabel M Mol
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Natarin Caengprasath
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yi-Wah Chan
- Lymphocyte Development Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Campus Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sami Damak
- Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Reifel Miller
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Diabetes/Endocrine Department, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tamer Coskun
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Diabetes/Endocrine Department, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bharat Shimpukade
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Trond Ulven
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Cn Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Christian
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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33
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Association between brown adipose tissue and bone mineral density in humans. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:1516-1525. [PMID: 30518823 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown adipose tissue (BAT) seems to play a role in bone morphogenesis. A negative association has been reported between BAT and bone mineral density (BMD) in women, but not in men. A panel of experts has recently published a set of recommendations for BAT assessment, and thus, to re-address previously reported associations is needed. This study aimed to investigate the association between cold-induced BAT 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake and BMD in young healthy adults. METHODS Ninety-eight healthy adults (68 women; 22 ± 2.2 years old; 24.3 ± 4.5 kg/m2) cold-induced BAT was assessed by means of an 18F-FDG positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan preceded by a personalized cold stimulation. The cold exposure consisted in 2 h in a mild cold room at 19.5-20 °C wearing a water perfused cooling vest set 4 °C above the individual shivering threshold. Total body and lumbar spine BMD were assessed by a whole-body DXA scan. RESULTS We found no association between BMD and cold-induced BAT volume, mean, and maximal activity (all P > 0.1) in neither young and healthy men nor women. These results remained unchanged when adjusting by height, by body composition, and by objectively assessed physical activity. Sensitivity analyses using the criteria to quantify cold-induced BAT-related parameters applied in previous studies did not change the results. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study shows that there is no association between cold-induced BAT and BMD in young healthy adults. Moreover, our data support the notion that previously shown associations between BAT and BMD in healthy non-calorically restricted individuals, could be driven by methodological issues related to BAT assessment and/or sample size limitations.
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34
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Sanchez-Delgado G, Martinez-Tellez B, Garcia-Rivero Y, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Llamas-Elvira JM, Ruiz JR. Brown Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle 18F-FDG Activity After a Personalized Cold Exposure Is Not Associated With Cold-Induced Thermogenesis and Nutrient Oxidation Rates in Young Healthy Adults. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1577. [PMID: 30505277 PMCID: PMC6250802 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold induced thermogenesis (CIT) in humans results mainly from the combination of both brown adipose tissue (BAT) and skeletal muscle thermogenic activity. The relative contribution of both tissues to CIT and to cold induced nutrient oxidation rates (CI-NUTox) remains, however, to be elucidated. We investigated the association of BAT and skeletal muscle activity after a personalized cold exposure with CIT and CI-NUTox in 57 healthy adults (23.0 ± 2.4 years old; 25.1 ± 4.6 kg/m2; 35 women). BAT and skeletal muscle (paracervical, sternocleidomastoid, scalene, longus colli, trapezius, parathoracic, supraspinatus, subscapular, deltoid, pectoralis major, and triceps brachii) metabolic activity were assessed by means of a 18Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan preceded by a personalized cold exposure. The cold exposure consisted in remaining in a mild cold room for 2 h at 19.5–20°C wearing a water perfused cooling vest set at 3.8°C above the individual shivering threshold. On a separate day, we estimated CIT and CI-NUTox by indirect calorimetry under fasting conditions for 1 h of personalized cold exposure. There was no association of BAT volume or activity with CIT or CI-NUTox (all P > 0.2). Similarly, the skeletal muscle metabolic activity was not associated either with CIT or CI-NUTox (all P > 0.2). The results persisted after controlling for sex, the time of the day, and the date when CIT was assessed. Our results suggest that human BAT activity and skeletal muscle 18F-FDG activity are not associated to CIT in young healthy adults. Inherent limitations of the available radiotracers for BAT detection and muscle activity quantification may explain why we failed to detect a physiologically plausible association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Yolanda Garcia-Rivero
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Departament of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose M Llamas-Elvira
- Nuclear Medicine Department, "Virgen de las Nieves" University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Nuclear Medicine Department, Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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35
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Ruiz JR, Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Rensen PCN, Boon MR. Role of Human Brown Fat in Obesity, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease: Strategies to Turn Up the Heat. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 61:232-245. [PMID: 29981351 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) was re-discovered in 2009 by several independent groups, who showed that it is present and active in adults, as judged from the profound uptake of the glucose analogue radiotracer 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in positron-emission tomography and computed tomography scan analysis after cold exposure. A potential clinical implication of activating BAT relates to its high metabolic activity and its potential role in stimulating energy expenditure (i.e. resting energy expenditure, meal-induced thermogenesis, and cold-induced thermogenesis), which makes it an attractive target to reduce adiposity. Moreover, due to its ability to oxidise glucose and lipids, BAT activation may also potentially exert beneficial metabolic and cardiovascular effects through reducing glucose and lipid levels, respectively. This review describes the potential role of human BAT in the prevention and treatment of obesity, metabolism, and cardiovascular disease focusing on its impact on energy expenditure and management of body fat accumulation as well as on glucose and lipid metabolism. This article also summarises the strategies that are currently being studied to activate human BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan R Ruiz
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- PROFITH (PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity) Research Group, Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, Avda Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Granada, Spain
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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36
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Li Z, Yi CX, Katiraei S, Kooijman S, Zhou E, Chung CK, Gao Y, van den Heuvel JK, Meijer OC, Berbée JFP, Heijink M, Giera M, Willems van Dijk K, Groen AK, Rensen PCN, Wang Y. Butyrate reduces appetite and activates brown adipose tissue via the gut-brain neural circuit. Gut 2018; 67:1269-1279. [PMID: 29101261 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Butyrate exerts metabolic benefits in mice and humans, the underlying mechanisms being still unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of butyrate on appetite and energy expenditure, and to what extent these two components contribute to the beneficial metabolic effects of butyrate. DESIGN Acute effects of butyrate on appetite and its method of action were investigated in mice following an intragastric gavage or intravenous injection of butyrate. To study the contribution of satiety to the metabolic benefits of butyrate, mice were fed a high-fat diet with butyrate, and an additional pair-fed group was included. Mechanistic involvement of the gut-brain neural circuit was investigated in vagotomised mice. RESULTS Acute oral, but not intravenous, butyrate administration decreased food intake, suppressed the activity of orexigenic neurons that express neuropeptide Y in the hypothalamus, and decreased neuronal activity within the nucleus tractus solitarius and dorsal vagal complex in the brainstem. Chronic butyrate supplementation prevented diet-induced obesity, hyperinsulinaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and hepatic steatosis, largely attributed to a reduction in food intake. Butyrate also modestly promoted fat oxidation and activated brown adipose tissue (BAT), evident from increased utilisation of plasma triglyceride-derived fatty acids. This effect was not due to the reduced food intake, but explained by an increased sympathetic outflow to BAT. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy abolished the effects of butyrate on food intake as well as the stimulation of metabolic activity in BAT. CONCLUSION Butyrate acts on the gut-brain neural circuit to improve energy metabolism via reducing energy intake and enhancing fat oxidation by activating BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saeed Katiraei
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Enchen Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chih Kit Chung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yuanqing Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - José K van den Heuvel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Heijink
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Diabetes Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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37
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Acosta FM, Berchem J, Martinez-Tellez B, Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Ortiz-Alvarez L, Hamaoka T, Ruiz JR. Near-Infrared Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy as an Indirect Technique to Assess Brown Adipose Tissue in Young Women. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 21:328-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Hoeke G, Wang Y, van Dam AD, Mol IM, Gart E, Klop HG, van den Berg SM, Pieterman EH, Princen HMG, Groen AK, Rensen PCN, Berbée JFP, Boon MR. Atorvastatin accelerates clearance of lipoprotein remnants generated by activated brown fat to further reduce hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2017; 267:116-126. [PMID: 29121499 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) reduces both hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis by increasing the uptake of triglyceride-derived fatty acids by BAT, accompanied by formation and clearance of lipoprotein remnants. We tested the hypothesis that the hepatic uptake of lipoprotein remnants generated by BAT activation would be accelerated by concomitant statin treatment, thereby further reducing hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. METHODS APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice were fed a Western-type diet and treated without or with the selective β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist CL316,243 that activates BAT, atorvastatin (statin) or both. RESULTS β3-AR agonism increased energy expenditure as a result of an increased fat oxidation by activated BAT, which was not further enhanced by statin addition. Accordingly, statin treatment neither influenced the increased uptake of triglyceride-derived fatty acids from triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-like particles by BAT nor further lowered plasma triglyceride levels induced by β3-AR agonism. Statin treatment increased the hepatic uptake of the formed cholesterol-enriched remnants generated by β3-AR agonism. Consequently, statin treatment further lowered plasma cholesterol levels. Importantly, statin, in addition to β3-AR agonism, also further reduced the atherosclerotic lesion size as compared to β3-AR agonism alone, without altering lesion severity and composition. CONCLUSIONS Statin treatment accelerates the hepatic uptake of remnants generated by BAT activation, thereby increasing the lipid-lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of BAT activation in an additive fashion. We postulate that, in clinical practice, combining statin treatment with BAT activation is a promising new avenue to combat hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geerte Hoeke
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Yanan Wang
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Dept. of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea D van Dam
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel M Mol
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eveline Gart
- The Netherlands Organization of Applied Scientific Research (TNO) - Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henk G Klop
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Susan M van den Berg
- Dept. of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elsbet H Pieterman
- The Netherlands Organization of Applied Scientific Research (TNO) - Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans M G Princen
- The Netherlands Organization of Applied Scientific Research (TNO) - Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert K Groen
- Dept. of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Dept. of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Dept. of Medicine, Div. of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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39
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Blauw LL, Noordam R, Trompet S, Berbée JFP, Rosendaal FR, van Heemst D, van Dijk KW, Mook-Kanamori DO, de Mutsert R, Rensen PCN. Genetic variation in the obesity gene FTO is not associated with decreased fat oxidation: the NEO study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017. [PMID: 28626215 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene harbors the strongest common genetic variant associated with obesity. Recently, rs1421085-T to -C substitution mapped in FTO was shown to induce a developmental shift of human adipocytes from an energy-combusting beige to an energy-storing white phenotype in vitro. As browning of adipocytes selectively enhances fat oxidation (FatOx), we hypothesized that rs1421085-C in FTO is associated with deceased FatOx compared with carbohydrate oxidation (CarbOx) and an increased respiratory quotient (RQ). METHODS In the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study, a population-based cohort study of middle-aged individuals (45-65 years), anthropometry and genotyping was performed (n=5744), in addition to indirect calorimetry (n=1246). With linear regression analyses, we examined associations of rs1421085 genotype with FatOx, CarbOx and RQ. RESULTS In the total study population, 36.7% carried the rs1421085-TT genotype, 47.6% rs1421085-CT and 15.7% rs1421085-CC. Mean (s.d.) age was 56 (6) years, mean (s.d.), body mass index (BMI) was 26.3 (4.4) kg m-2 and 56% of the total population were women. Measures of adiposity (difference, 95% confidence interval) were higher in CC carriers compared with that in rs1421085-TT carriers: BMI +0.56 (0.15, 0.98) kg m-2, waist circumference +1.25 (0.02, 2.49) cm and total body fat mass +1.21 (0.28, 2.14) kg. However, no differences in mean FatOx (+2.5 (-2.4, 7.4) mg min-1), CarbOx (-6.1 (-17.4, 5.2) mg min-1) or RQ (-0.01 (-0.02, 0.01)) were observed between the two genotypes. CONCLUSIONS We observed no evidence for associations of rs1421085 in FTO with FatOx and RQ. This indicates that the rs1421085-C allele in FTO induces obesity likely via other pathways than via reduced FatOx.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Blauw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R Noordam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S Trompet
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J F P Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D van Heemst
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K W van Dijk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Bartelt A, John C, Schaltenberg N, Berbée JFP, Worthmann A, Cherradi ML, Schlein C, Piepenburg J, Boon MR, Rinninger F, Heine M, Toedter K, Niemeier A, Nilsson SK, Fischer M, Wijers SL, van Marken Lichtenbelt W, Scheja L, Rensen PCN, Heeren J. Thermogenic adipocytes promote HDL turnover and reverse cholesterol transport. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15010. [PMID: 28422089 PMCID: PMC5399294 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown and beige adipocytes combust nutrients for thermogenesis and through their metabolic activity decrease pro-atherogenic remnant lipoproteins in hyperlipidemic mice. However, whether the activation of thermogenic adipocytes affects the metabolism and anti-atherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is unknown. Here, we report a reduction in atherosclerosis in response to pharmacological stimulation of thermogenesis linked to increased HDL levels in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice. Both cold-induced and pharmacological thermogenic activation enhances HDL remodelling, which is associated with specific lipidomic changes in mouse and human HDL. Furthermore, thermogenic stimulation promotes HDL-cholesterol clearance and increases macrophage-to-faeces reverse cholesterol transport in mice. Mechanistically, we show that intravascular lipolysis by adipocyte lipoprotein lipase and hepatic uptake of HDL by scavenger receptor B-I are the driving forces of HDL-cholesterol disposal in liver. Our findings corroborate the notion that high metabolic activity of thermogenic adipocytes confers atheroprotective properties via increased systemic cholesterol flux through the HDL compartment. Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) reduces the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Here the authors show that BAT activation also increases reverse cholesterol transport and turnover of high-density lipoprotein, which likely contributes to the anti-atherosclerotic effect of BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bartelt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Clara John
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Schaltenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Worthmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Lisa Cherradi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Piepenburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Franz Rinninger
- III. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Toedter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Niemeier
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan K Nilsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Biosciences and Physiological Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå 90787, Sweden
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sander L Wijers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM - School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Marken Lichtenbelt
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM - School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Martins FF, Bargut TCL, Aguila MB, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Thermogenesis, fatty acid synthesis with oxidation, and inflammation in the brown adipose tissue of ob/ob (−/−) mice. Ann Anat 2017; 210:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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42
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van den Berg SM, van Dam AD, Rensen PCN, de Winther MPJ, Lutgens E. Immune Modulation of Brown(ing) Adipose Tissue in Obesity. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:46-68. [PMID: 27849358 DOI: 10.1210/er.2016-1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with a variety of medical conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and is therefore responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. Increasing energy expenditure by brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a current novel strategy to reduce the excessive energy stores in obesity. Brown adipocytes burn energy to generate heat and are mainly activated upon cold exposure. As prolonged cold exposure is not a realistic therapy, researchers worldwide are searching for novel ways to activate BAT and/or induce beiging of white adipose tissue. Recently, the contribution of immune cells in the regulation of brown adipocyte activity and beiging of white adipose tissue has gained increased attention, with a prominent role for eosinophils and alternatively activated macrophages. This review discusses the rediscovery of BAT, presents an overview of modes of activation and differentiation of beige and brown adipocytes, and describes the recently discovered immunological pathways that are key in mediating brown/beige adipocyte development and function. Interventions in immunological pathways harbor the potential to provide novel strategies to increase beige and brown adipose tissue activity as a therapeutic target for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M van den Berg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ The Netherlands
| | - Andrea D van Dam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; and
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; and
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ The Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Subdivision of Experimental Vascular Biology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, 1105AZ The Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
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Blauw LL, Aziz NA, Tannemaat MR, Blauw CA, de Craen AJ, Pijl H, Rensen PCN. Diabetes incidence and glucose intolerance prevalence increase with higher outdoor temperature. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2017; 5:e000317. [PMID: 28405341 PMCID: PMC5372132 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rising global temperatures might contribute to the current worldwide diabetes epidemic, as higher ambient temperature can negatively impact glucose metabolism via a reduction in brown adipose tissue activity. Therefore, we examined the association between outdoor temperature and diabetes incidence in the USA as well as the prevalence of glucose intolerance worldwide. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using meta-regression, we determined the association between mean annual temperature and diabetes incidence during 1996-2009 for each US state separately. Subsequently, results were pooled in a meta-analysis. On a global scale, we performed a meta-regression analysis to assess the association between mean annual temperature and the prevalence of glucose intolerance. RESULTS We demonstrated that, on average, per 1°C increase in temperature, age-adjusted diabetes incidence increased with 0.314 (95% CI 0.194 to 0.434) per 1000. Similarly, the worldwide prevalence of glucose intolerance increased by 0.170% (95% CI 0.107% to 0.234%) per 1°C rise in temperature. These associations persisted after adjustment for obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the diabetes incidence rate in the USA and prevalence of glucose intolerance worldwide increase with higher outdoor temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne L Blauw
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - N Ahmad Aziz
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn R Tannemaat
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anton J de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hanno Pijl
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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