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Cui W, Wang X, Han S, Guo W, Meng N, Li J, Sun B, Zhang X. Research progress of tartaric acid stabilization on wine characteristics. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101728. [PMID: 39253017 PMCID: PMC11381372 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Tartaric acid is one of the characteristic acids in wine, playing a crucial role in wine characteristics. However, superabundant tartaric acid will form insoluble salts and precipitate in the form of crystals, affecting consumers' purchasing appetite. Therefore, tartaric stability is also one of the important indices for controlling the wine quality. At present, the main processing methods for tartaric stability include cold stabilization, ion exchange treatment, electrodialysis and the addition of exogenous components (gum arabic, metatartaric acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, mannoprotein and potassium polyaspartate). This review summarizes and analyzes the origin of tartaric acid in wine, factors influencing the tartaric stability, detection methods, treatments for tartaric stabilization, and the effects of these methods on the sensory quality of wine. Comparing the effects of these methods on wine quality can provide a basis for the further study of tartaric stabilization methods in order to select an appropriate tartaric stabilization method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education,Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education,Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuang Han
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education,Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wentao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education,Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Nan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education,Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jinchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education,Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education,Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xinke Zhang
- The Bedt and Road' International Institute of Grape and Wine Industry Innovation, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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2
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Tóth D, Tengölics R, Aarabi F, Karlsson A, Vidal-Meireles A, Kovács L, Kuntam S, Körmöczi T, Fernie AR, Hudson EP, Papp B, Tóth SZ. Chloroplastic ascorbate modifies plant metabolism and may act as a metabolite signal regardless of oxidative stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:1691-1711. [PMID: 39106412 PMCID: PMC11444284 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate (Asc) is a major plant metabolite that plays crucial roles in various processes, from reactive oxygen scavenging to epigenetic regulation. However, to what extent and how Asc modulates metabolism is largely unknown. We investigated the consequences of chloroplastic and total cellular Asc deficiencies by studying chloroplastic Asc transporter mutant lines lacking PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 4; 4 and the Asc-deficient vtc2-4 mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Under regular growth conditions, both Asc deficiencies caused minor alterations in photosynthesis, with no apparent signs of oxidative damage. In contrast, metabolomics analysis revealed global and largely overlapping alterations in the metabolome profiles of both Asc-deficient mutants, suggesting that chloroplastic Asc modulates plant metabolism. We observed significant alterations in amino acid metabolism, particularly in arginine metabolism, activation of nucleotide salvage pathways, and changes in secondary metabolism. In addition, proteome-wide analysis of thermostability revealed that Asc may interact with enzymes involved in arginine metabolism, the Calvin-Benson cycle, and several photosynthetic electron transport components. Overall, our results suggest that, independent of oxidative stress, chloroplastic Asc modulates the activity of diverse metabolic pathways in vascular plants and may act as an internal metabolite signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Tóth
- Laboratory for Molecular Photobioenergetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged H-6722, Hungary
| | - Roland Tengölics
- HCEMM-BRC Metabolic Systems Biology Lab, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Metabolomics Lab, Core Facilities, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Fayezeh Aarabi
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, PO Box 1031, Solna 171 21, Sweden
| | - André Vidal-Meireles
- Laboratory for Molecular Photobioenergetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - László Kovács
- Laboratory for Molecular Photobioenergetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Soujanya Kuntam
- Laboratory for Molecular Photobioenergetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Tímea Körmöczi
- HCEMM-BRC Metabolic Systems Biology Lab, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm D-14476, Germany
| | - Elton P Hudson
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, PO Box 1031, Solna 171 21, Sweden
| | - Balázs Papp
- HCEMM-BRC Metabolic Systems Biology Lab, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Health Security, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Z Tóth
- Laboratory for Molecular Photobioenergetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
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3
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Xu Q, Liu C, Zhang Z, Cao Z, Liang M, Ye C, Lin Z, Deng X, Ye J, Bosch M, Chai L. Myo-inositol oxygenase CgMIOX3 alleviates S-RNase-induced inhibition of incompatible pollen tubes in pummelo. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:856-869. [PMID: 38991562 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Pummelo (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) exhibits S-RNase-based self-incompatibility (SI), during which S-RNase cytotoxicity inhibits pollen tubes in an S-haplotype-specific manner. The entry of S-RNase into self-pollen tubes triggers a series of reactions. However, these reactions are still poorly understood in pummelo. In the present study, we used S-RNases as baits to screen a pummelo pollen cDNA library and characterized a myo-inositol oxygenase (CgMIOX3) that physically interacts with S-RNases. CgMIOX3 is highly expressed in pummelo pollen tubes, and its downregulation leads to a reduction in pollen tube growth. Upon entering pollen tubes, S-RNases increase the expression of CgMIOX3 and enhance its activity by directly binding to it in an S-haplotype-independent manner. CgMIOX3 improves pollen tube growth under oxidative stress through ascorbic acid (AsA) accumulation and increases the length of self-pollen tubes. Furthermore, over-expression of CgMIOX3 increases the relative length of self-pollen tubes growing in the style of petunia (Petunia hybrida). This study provides intriguing insights into the pumelo SI system, revealing a regulatory mechanism mediated by CgMIOX3 that plays an important role in the resistance of pollen tubes to S-RNase cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhezhong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zonghong Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mei Liang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Changning Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zongcheng Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Junli Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Lijun Chai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Chen XF, Wu BS, Yang H, Shen Q, Lu F, Huang WL, Guo J, Ye X, Yang LT, Chen LS. The underlying mechanisms by which boron mitigates copper toxicity in Citrus sinensis leaves revealed by integrated analysis of transcriptome, metabolome and physiology. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpae099. [PMID: 39109836 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Both copper (Cu) excess and boron (B) deficiency are often observed in some citrus orchard soils. The molecular mechanisms by which B alleviates excessive Cu in citrus are poorly understood. Seedlings of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Xuegan) were treated with 0.5 (Cu0.5) or 350 (Cu350 or Cu excess) μM CuCl2 and 2.5 (B2.5) or 25 (B25) μM HBO3 for 24 wk. Thereafter, this study examined the effects of Cu and B treatments on gene expression levels revealed by RNA-Seq, metabolite profiles revealed by a widely targeted metabolome, and related physiological parameters in leaves. Cu350 upregulated 564 genes and 170 metabolites, and downregulated 598 genes and 58 metabolites in leaves of 2.5 μM B-treated seedlings (LB2.5), but it only upregulated 281 genes and 100 metabolites, and downregulated 136 genes and 40 metabolites in leaves of 25 μM B-treated seedlings (LB25). Cu350 decreased the concentrations of sucrose and total soluble sugars and increased the concentrations of starch, glucose, fructose and total nonstructural carbohydrates in LB2.5, but it only increased the glucose concentration in LB25. Further analysis demonstrated that B addition reduced the oxidative damage and alterations in primary and secondary metabolisms caused by Cu350, and alleviated the impairment of Cu350 to photosynthesis and cell wall metabolism, thus improving leaf growth. LB2.5 exhibited some adaptive responses to Cu350 to meet the increasing need for the dissipation of excessive excitation energy (EEE) and the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (reactive aldehydes) and Cu. Cu350 increased photorespiration, xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal dissipation, nonstructural carbohydrate accumulation, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis and abundances; and upregulated tryptophan metabolism and related metabolite abundances, some antioxidant-related gene expression, and some antioxidant abundances. Additionally, this study identified some metabolic pathways, metabolites and genes that might lead to Cu tolerance in leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Feng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bi-Sha Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, No. 1133 Xueyuan Middle Street, Chengxiang, Putian 351100, China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qian Shen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wei-Lin Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiuxin Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Ye
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
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5
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Qian Y, Tong J, Liu N, Wang B, Ji Y, Wu Z. Effect of light on ascorbic acid biosynthesis and bioinformatics analysis of related genes in Chinese chives. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307527. [PMID: 39172816 PMCID: PMC11340962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an essential nutritional component and powerful antioxidant in vegetables, and in plants, AsA levels are regulated by light. AsA levels in the leaves of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spr), a popular vegetable, are poorly understood. Thus, this study was performed to assess the influence of light on AsA biosynthesis in chive and select related genes (AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1); in addition, bioinformatic analyses and gene expression level assays were performed. The biological information obtained for AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 was analysed with several tools, including NCBI, DNAMAN, and MEGA11. After different light treatments were performed, the Chive AsA content and AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 expression levels were determined. These results suggest that 1) compared with natural light, continuous darkness inhibited AsA synthesis in chives. 2) The amino acid sequences of AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 are very similar to those of other plants. 3) The trends observed for the expression levels of AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 were consistent with the AsA content observed in chives. Hence, we speculated that light controls AsA biosynthesis in chives by regulating AtuGGP1 and AtuGME1 expression. This study provided impactful and informative evidence regarding the functions of GGP and GME in chives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Qian
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tong
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Baoju Wang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhai Ji
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanhui Wu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Yang J, Zhang J, Yan H, Yi X, Pan Q, Liu Y, Zhang M, Li J, Xiao Q. The chromosome-level genome and functional database accelerate research about biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in Rosa roxburghii. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:410. [PMID: 38760710 PMCID: PMC11100184 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii Tratt, a valuable plant in China with long history, is famous for its fruit. It possesses various secondary metabolites, such as L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), alkaloids and poly saccharides, which make it a high nutritional and medicinal value. Here we characterized the chromosome-level genome sequence of R. roxburghii, comprising seven pseudo-chromosomes with a total size of 531 Mb and a heterozygosity of 0.25%. We also annotated 45,226 coding gene loci after masking repeat elements. Orthologs for 90.1% of the Complete Single-Copy BUSCOs were found in the R. roxburghii annotation. By aligning with protein sequences from public platform, we annotated 85.89% genes from R. roxburghii. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that R. roxburghii diverged from Rosa chinensis approximately 5.58 to 13.17 million years ago, and no whole-genome duplication event occurred after the divergence from eudicots. To fully utilize this genomic resource, we constructed a genomic database RroFGD with various analysis tools. Otherwise, 69 enzyme genes involved in L-ascorbate biosynthesis were identified and a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of vitamin C, GDH (L-Gal-1-dehydrogenase), is used as an example to introduce the functions of the database. This genome and database will facilitate the future investigations into gene function and molecular breeding in R. roxburghii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaotong Yang
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China.
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Hengyu Yan
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Pan
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Yahua Liu
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Jun Li
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Xiao
- Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550025, China.
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Baldet P, Mori K, Decros G, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Prigent S, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y. Multi-regulated GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase calls the tune in ascorbate biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2631-2643. [PMID: 38349339 PMCID: PMC11066804 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate is involved in numerous vital processes, in particular in response to abiotic but also biotic stresses whose frequency and amplitude increase with climate change. Ascorbate levels vary greatly depending on species, tissues, or stages of development, but also in response to stress. Since its discovery, the ascorbate biosynthetic pathway has been intensely studied and it appears that GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the enzyme with the greatest role in the control of ascorbate biosynthesis. Like other enzymes of this pathway, its expression is induced by various environmental and also developmental factors. Although mRNAs encoding it are among the most abundant in the transcriptome, the protein is only present in very small quantities. In fact, GGP translation is repressed by a negative feedback mechanism involving a small open reading frame located upstream of the coding sequence (uORF). Moreover, its activity is inhibited by a PAS/LOV type photoreceptor, the action of which is counteracted by blue light. Consequently, this multi-level regulation of GGP would allow fine control of ascorbate synthesis. Indeed, experiments varying the expression of GGP have shown that it plays a central role in response to stress. This new understanding will be useful for developing varieties adapted to future environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baldet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- Max Planck-Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Smirnoff N, Wheeler GL. The ascorbate biosynthesis pathway in plants is known, but there is a way to go with understanding control and functions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2604-2630. [PMID: 38300237 PMCID: PMC11066809 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is one of the most abundant primary metabolites in plants. Its complex chemistry enables it to function as an antioxidant, as a free radical scavenger, and as a reductant for iron and copper. Ascorbate biosynthesis occurs via the mannose/l-galactose pathway in green plants, and the evidence for this pathway being the major route is reviewed. Ascorbate accumulation is leaves is responsive to light, reflecting various roles in photoprotection. GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the first dedicated step in the pathway and is important in controlling ascorbate synthesis. Its expression is determined by a combination of transcription and translation. Translation is controlled by an upstream open reading frame (uORF) which blocks translation of the main GGP-coding sequence, possibly in an ascorbate-dependent manner. GGP associates with a PAS-LOV protein, inhibiting its activity, and dissociation is induced by blue light. While low ascorbate mutants are susceptible to oxidative stress, they grow nearly normally. In contrast, mutants lacking ascorbate do not grow unless rescued by supplementation. Further research should investigate possible basal functions of ascorbate in severely deficient plants involving prevention of iron overoxidation in 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases and iron mobilization during seed development and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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Quiñones CO, Gesto-Borroto R, Wilson RV, Hernández-Madrigal SV, Lorence A. Alternative pathways leading to ascorbate biosynthesis in plants: lessons from the last 25 years. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2644-2663. [PMID: 38488689 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
l-Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an antioxidant with important roles in plant stress physiology, growth, and development. AsA also plays an essential role in human health, preventing scurvy. Humans do not synthesize AsA, which needs to be supplied via a diet rich in fresh produce. Research efforts have provided progress in the elucidation of a complex metabolic network with at least four routes leading to AsA formation in plants. In this review, three alternative pathways, namely the d-galacturonate, the l-gulose, and the myo-inositol pathways, are presented with the supporting evidence of their operation in multiple plant species. We critically discuss feeding studies using precursors and their conversion to AsA in plant organs, and research where the expression of key genes encoding enzymes involved in the alternative pathways showed >100% AsA content increase in the transgenics and in many cases accompanied by enhanced tolerance to multiple stresses. We propose that the alternative pathways are vital in AsA production in response to stressful conditions and to compensate in cases where the flux through the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway is reduced. The genes and enzymes that have been characterized so far in these alternative pathways represent important tools that are being used to develop more climate-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherryl O Quiñones
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Reinier Gesto-Borroto
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Rachael V Wilson
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Sara V Hernández-Madrigal
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
| | - Argelia Lorence
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arkansas State University, PO Box 419, State University, AR 72467, USA
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10
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Zhang F, Yu Q, Huang Y, Luo Y, Qin J, Chen L, Li E, Wang X. Study on the osmotic response and function of myo-inositol oxygenase in euryhaline fish nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1054-C1066. [PMID: 38344798 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00513.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
To understand the role of myo-inositol oxygenase (miox) in the osmotic regulation of Nile tilapia, its expression was analyzed in various tissues. The results showed that the expression of miox gene was highest in the kidney, followed by the liver, and was significantly upregulated in the kidney and liver under 1 h hyperosmotic stress. The relative luminescence efficiency of the miox gene transcription starting site (-4,617 to +312 bp) under hyperosmotic stress was measured. Two fragments (-1,640/-1,619 and -620/-599) could induce the luminescence activity. Moreover, the -1,640/-1,619 and -620/-599 responded to hyperosmotic stress and high-glucose stimulation by base mutation, suggesting that osmotic and carbohydrate response elements may exist in this region. Finally, the salinity tolerance of Nile tilapia was significantly reduced after the knocking down of miox gene. The accumulation of myo-inositol was affected, and the expression of enzymes in glucose metabolism was significantly reduced after the miox gene was knocked down. Furthermore, hyperosmotic stress can cause oxidative stress, and MIOX may help maintain the cell redox balance under hyperosmotic stress. In summary, MIOX is essential in osmotic regulation to enhance the salinity tolerance of Nile tilapia by affecting myo-inositol accumulation, glucose metabolism, and antioxidant performance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the first step of MI metabolism and determines MI content in aquatic animals. To understand the role of miox in the osmotic regulation of Nile tilapia, we analyzed its expression in different tissues and its function under hyperosmotic stress. This study showed that miox is essential in osmotic regulation to enhance the salinity tolerance of Nile tilapia by affecting myo-inositol accumulation, glucose metabolism, and antioxidant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuran Yu
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxing Huang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguang Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Erchao Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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11
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Wu P, Li B, Liu Y, Bian Z, Xiong J, Wang Y, Zhu B. Multiple Physiological and Biochemical Functions of Ascorbic Acid in Plant Growth, Development, and Abiotic Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1832. [PMID: 38339111 PMCID: PMC10855474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an important nutrient for human health and disease cures, and it is also a crucial indicator for the quality of fruit and vegetables. As a reductant, AsA plays a pivotal role in maintaining the intracellular redox balance throughout all the stages of plant growth and development, fruit ripening, and abiotic stress responses. In recent years, the de novo synthesis and regulation at the transcriptional level and post-transcriptional level of AsA in plants have been studied relatively thoroughly. However, a comprehensive and systematic summary about AsA-involved biochemical pathways, as well as AsA's physiological functions in plants, is still lacking. In this review, we summarize and discuss the multiple physiological and biochemical functions of AsA in plants, including its involvement as a cofactor, substrate, antioxidant, and pro-oxidant. This review will help to facilitate a better understanding of the multiple functions of AsA in plant cells, as well as provide information on how to utilize AsA more efficiently by using modern molecular biology methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Wu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Ye Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Zheng Bian
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Jiaxin Xiong
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
| | - Yunxiang Wang
- Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (P.W.); (B.L.); (Y.L.); (Z.B.); (J.X.)
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12
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Jia D, Gao H, He Y, Liao G, Lin L, Huang C, Xu X. Kiwifruit Monodehydroascorbate Reductase 3 Gene Negatively Regulates the Accumulation of Ascorbic Acid in Fruit of Transgenic Tomato Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17182. [PMID: 38139009 PMCID: PMC10742914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid is a potent antioxidant and a crucial nutrient for plants and animals. The accumulation of ascorbic acid in plants is controlled by its biosynthesis, recycling, and degradation. Monodehydroascorbate reductase is deeply involved in the ascorbic acid cycle; however, the mechanism of monodehydroascorbate reductase genes in regulating kiwifruit ascorbic acid accumulation remains unclear. Here, we identified seven monodehydroascorbate reductase genes in the genome of kiwifruit (Actinidia eriantha) and they were designated as AeMDHAR1 to AeMDHAR7, following their genome identifiers. We found that the relative expression level of AeMDHAR3 in fruit continued to decline during development. The over-expression of kiwifruit AeMDHAR3 in tomato plants improved monodehydroascorbate reductase activity, and, unexpectedly, ascorbic acid content decreased significantly in the fruit of the transgenic tomato lines. Ascorbate peroxidase activity also increased significantly in the transgenic lines. In addition, a total of 1781 differentially expressed genes were identified via transcriptomic analysis. Three kinds of ontologies were identified, and 106 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched for these differently expressed genes. Expression verification via quantitative real-time PCR analysis confirmed the reliability of the RNA-seq data. Furthermore, APX3, belonging to the ascorbate and aldarate metabolism pathway, was identified as a key candidate gene that may be primarily responsible for the decrease in ascorbic acid concentration in transgenic tomato fruits. The present study provides novel evidence to support the feedback regulation of ascorbic acid accumulation in the fruit of kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Jia
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.J.); (H.G.); (Y.H.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Kiwifruit, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Huan Gao
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.J.); (H.G.); (Y.H.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Kiwifruit, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yanqun He
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.J.); (H.G.); (Y.H.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Kiwifruit, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Guanglian Liao
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.J.); (H.G.); (Y.H.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Kiwifruit, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Liting Lin
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.J.); (H.G.); (Y.H.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Kiwifruit, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Chunhui Huang
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.J.); (H.G.); (Y.H.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Kiwifruit, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaobiao Xu
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (D.J.); (H.G.); (Y.H.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Kiwifruit, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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13
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Rudenko NN, Vetoshkina DV, Marenkova TV, Borisova-Mubarakshina MM. Antioxidants of Non-Enzymatic Nature: Their Function in Higher Plant Cells and the Ways of Boosting Their Biosynthesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2014. [PMID: 38001867 PMCID: PMC10669185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are exposed to a variety of abiotic and biotic stresses leading to increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells. ROS are capable of oxidizing proteins, pigments, lipids, nucleic acids, and other cell molecules, disrupting their functional activity. During the process of evolution, numerous antioxidant systems were formed in plants, including antioxidant enzymes and low molecular weight non-enzymatic antioxidants. Antioxidant systems perform neutralization of ROS and therefore prevent oxidative damage of cell components. In the present review, we focus on the biosynthesis of non-enzymatic antioxidants in higher plants cells such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), glutathione, flavonoids, isoprenoids, carotenoids, tocopherol (vitamin E), ubiquinone, and plastoquinone. Their functioning and their reactivity with respect to individual ROS will be described. This review is also devoted to the modern genetic engineering methods, which are widely used to change the quantitative and qualitative content of the non-enzymatic antioxidants in cultivated plants. These methods allow various plant lines with given properties to be obtained in a rather short time. The most successful approaches for plant transgenesis and plant genome editing for the enhancement of biosynthesis and the content of these antioxidants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N. Rudenko
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (D.V.V.); (M.M.B.-M.)
| | - Daria V. Vetoshkina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (D.V.V.); (M.M.B.-M.)
| | - Tatiana V. Marenkova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;
| | - Maria M. Borisova-Mubarakshina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino 142290, Russia; (D.V.V.); (M.M.B.-M.)
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14
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Ali Z, Hakeem S, Wiehle M, Saddique MAB, Habib-ur-Rahman M. Prioritizing strategies for wheat biofortification: Inspiration from underutilized species. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20208. [PMID: 37818015 PMCID: PMC10560789 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between malnutrition and climate change is still poorly understood but a comprehensive knowledge of their interactions is needed to address the global public health agenda. Limited studies have been conducted to propose robust and economic-friendly strategies to augment the food basket with underutilized species and biofortify the staples for nutritional security. Sea-buckthorn is a known "superfood" rich in vitamin C and iron content. It is found naturally in northern hemispherical temperate Eurasia and can be utilized as a model species for genetic biofortification in cash crops like wheat. This review focuses on the impacts of climate change on inorganic (iron, zinc) and organic (vitamin C) micronutrient malnutrition employing wheat as highly domesticated crop and processed food commodity. As iron and zinc are particularly stored in the outer aleurone and endosperm layers, they are prone to processing losses. Moreover, only 5% Fe and 25% Zn are bioavailable once consumed calling to enhance the bioavailability of these micronutrients. Vitamin C converts non-available iron (Fe3+) to available form (Fe2+) and helps in the synthesis of ferritin while protecting it from degradation at the same time. Similarly, reduced phytic acid content also enhances its bioavailability. This relation urges scientists to look for a common mechanism and genes underlying biosynthesis of vitamin C and uptake of Fe/Zn to biofortify these micronutrients concurrently. The study proposes to scale up the biofortification breeding strategies by focusing on all dimensions i.e., increasing micronutrient content and boosters (vitamin C) and simultaneously reducing anti-nutritional compounds (phytic acid). Mutually, this review identified that genes from the Aldo-keto reductase family are involved both in Fe/Zn uptake and vitamin C biosynthesis and can potentially be targeted for genetic biofortification in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Programs and Projects Department, Islamic Organization for Food Security, Mangilik Yel Ave. 55/21 AIFC, Unit 4, C4.2, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Sadia Hakeem
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Martin Wiehle
- Organic Plant Production and Agroecosystems Research in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, D-37213, Witzenhausen, Germany
- Centre for International Rural Development, University of Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, D-37213, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | | | - Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science Group, University of Bonn, Germany
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15
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de Aguiar ÉS, Dias AN, Sousa RM, Germano TA, de Sousa RO, Miranda RDS, Costa JH, dos Santos CP. Genome and Transcriptome Analyses of Genes Involved in Ascorbate Biosynthesis in Pepper Indicate Key Genes Related to Fruit Development, Stresses, and Phytohormone Exposures. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3367. [PMID: 37836106 PMCID: PMC10574469 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vegetable consumed worldwide, primarily used for vitamin C uptake and condiment purposes. Ascorbate (Asc) is a multifunctional metabolite, acting as an antioxidant and enzymatic cofactor involved in multiple cellular processes. Nevertheless, there is no evidence about the contribution of biosynthesis pathways and regulatory mechanisms responsible for Asc reserves in pepper plants. Here, we present a genome- and transcriptome-wide investigation of genes responsible for Asc biosynthesis in pepper during fruit development, stresses, and phytohormone exposures. A total of 21 genes, scattered in ten of twelve pepper chromosomes were annotated. Gene expression analyses of nine transcriptomic experiments supported the primary role of the L-galactose pathway in the Asc-biosynthesizing process, given its constitutive, ubiquitous, and high expression profile observed in all studied conditions. However, genes from alternative pathways generally exhibited low expression or were unexpressed and appeared to play some secondary role under specific stress conditions and phytohormone treatments. Taken together, our findings provide a deeper spatio-temporal understanding of expression levels of genes involved in Asc biosynthesis, and they highlight GGP2, GME1 and 2, and GalLDH members from L-galactose pathway as promising candidates for future wet experimentation, addressing the attainment of increase in ascorbate content of peppers and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Évelyn Silva de Aguiar
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Center of Sciences of Chapadinha, Federal University of Maranhão, Boa Vista, Chapadinha 65500-000, Maranhão, Brazil;
| | - Abigailde Nascimento Dias
- Center of Sciences of Chapadinha, Federal University of Maranhão, Boa Vista, Chapadinha 65500-000, Maranhão, Brazil; (A.N.D.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Raquel Mendes Sousa
- Center of Sciences of Chapadinha, Federal University of Maranhão, Boa Vista, Chapadinha 65500-000, Maranhão, Brazil; (A.N.D.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Thais Andrade Germano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, Ceará, Brazil; (T.A.G.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Renato Oliveira de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Sciences, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus 64900-000, Piauí, Brazil; (R.O.d.S.); (R.d.S.M.)
| | - Rafael de Souza Miranda
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural Sciences, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus 64900-000, Piauí, Brazil; (R.O.d.S.); (R.d.S.M.)
- Plant Science Department, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José Hélio Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60451-970, Ceará, Brazil; (T.A.G.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Clesivan Pereira dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Center of Sciences of Chapadinha, Federal University of Maranhão, Boa Vista, Chapadinha 65500-000, Maranhão, Brazil;
- Center of Sciences of Chapadinha, Federal University of Maranhão, Boa Vista, Chapadinha 65500-000, Maranhão, Brazil; (A.N.D.); (R.M.S.)
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16
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Celi GEA, Gratão PL, Lanza MGDB, Reis ARD. Physiological and biochemical roles of ascorbic acid on mitigation of abiotic stresses in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107970. [PMID: 37625254 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Under conditions of abiotic stress several physiological and biochemical processes in plants can be modified. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is toxic at high concentrations and promotes RNA, DNA and plant cell membrane degradation. Plants have enzymatic and non-enzymatic adaptation mechanisms to act against ROS detoxification. Ascorbic acid (AsA) is the non-enzymatic compound essential for several biological functions, which acts in the elimination and balance of ROS production and with the potential to promote several physiological functions in plants, such as the photosynthetic process. For plant development, AsA plays an important role in cell division, osmotic adjustment, hormone biosynthesis, and as an enzymatic cofactor. In this review, the redox reactions, biosynthetic pathways, and the physiological and biochemical functions of AsA against abiotic stress in plants are discussed. The concentration of AsA in plants can vary between species and depend on the biosynthetic pathways d-mannose/l-galactose, d-galacturonate, euglenids, and d-glucuronate. Although the endogenous levels of AsA in plants are used in large amounts in cell metabolism, the exogenous application of AsA further increases these endogenous levels to promote the antioxidant system and ameliorate the effects produced by abiotic stress. Foliar application of AsA promotes antioxidant metabolism in plants subjected to climate change conditions, also allowing the production of foods with higher nutritional quality and food safety, given the fact that AsA is biologically essential in the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Eugenia Ajila Celi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Postal Code 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Lupino Gratão
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Postal Code 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Dantas Bereta Lanza
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Postal Code 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - André Rodrigues Dos Reis
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Rua Domingos da Costa Lopes 780, Postal Code 17602-496, Tupã, SP, Brazil.
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17
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Liao G, Xu Q, Allan AC, Xu X. L-Ascorbic acid metabolism and regulation in fruit crops. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1684-1695. [PMID: 37073491 PMCID: PMC10315321 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
L-Ascorbic acid (AsA) is more commonly known as vitamin C and is an indispensable compound for human health. As a major antioxidant, AsA not only maintains redox balance and resists biological and abiotic stress but also regulates plant growth, induces flowering, and delays senescence through complex signal transduction networks. However, AsA content varies greatly in horticultural crops, especially in fruit crops. The AsA content of the highest species is approximately 1,800 times higher than that of the lowest species. There have been significant advancements in the understanding of AsA accumulation in the past 20 years. The most noteworthy accomplishment was the identification of the critical rate-limiting genes for the 2 major AsA synthesis pathways (L-galactose pathway and D-galacturonic acid pathway) in fruit crops. The rate-limiting genes of the former are GMP, GME, GGP, and GPP, and the rate-limiting gene of the latter is GalUR. Moreover, APX, MDHAR, and DHAR are also regarded as key genes in degradation and regeneration pathways. Interestingly, some of these key genes are sensitive to environmental factors, such as GGP being induced by light. The efficiency of enhancing AsA content is high by editing upstream open reading frames (uORF) of the key genes and constructing multi-gene expression vectors. In summary, the AsA metabolism has been well understood in fruit crops, but the transport mechanism of AsA and the synergistic improvement of AsA and other traits is less known, which will be the focus of AsA research in fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglian Liao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
- Kiwifruit Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, PR China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Andrew C Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research) Mt Albert, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xiaobiao Xu
- Kiwifruit Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, PR China
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18
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Chen C, Zhang M, Zhang M, Yang M, Dai S, Meng Q, Lv W, Zhuang K. ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE 2 regulates β-carotene and ascorbic acid accumulation in tomatoes during ripening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:2067-2080. [PMID: 36891812 PMCID: PMC10315317 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3/ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3-LIKEs (EIN3/EILs) are important ethylene response factors during fruit ripening. Here, we discovered that EIL2 controls carotenoid metabolism and ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthesis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). In contrast to the red fruits presented in the wild type (WT) 45 d after pollination, the fruits of CRISPR/Cas9 eil2 mutants and SlEIL2 RNA interference lines (ERIs) showed yellow or orange fruits. Correlation analysis of transcriptome and metabolome data for the ERI and WT ripe fruits revealed that SlEIL2 is involved in β-carotene and AsA accumulation. ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORs (ERFs) are the typical components downstream of EIN3 in the ethylene response pathway. Through a comprehensive screening of ERF family members, we determined that SlEIL2 directly regulates the expression of 4 SlERFs. Two of these, SlERF.H30 and SlERF.G6, encode proteins that participate in the regulation of LYCOPENE-β-CYCLASE 2 (SlLCYB2), encoding an enzyme that mediates the conversion of lycopene to carotene in fruits. In addition, SlEIL2 transcriptionally repressed L-GALACTOSE 1-PHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE 3 (SlGPP3) and MYO-INOSITOL OXYGENASE 1 (SlMIOX1) expression, which resulted in a 1.62-fold increase of AsA via both the L-galactose and myoinositol pathways. Overall, we demonstrated that SlEIL2 functions in controlling β-carotene and AsA levels, providing a potential strategy for genetic engineering to improve the nutritional value and quality of tomato fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Minmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shanshan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Wei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Kunyang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
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Adak S, Agarwal T, Das P, Ray S, Lahiri Majumder A. Characterization of myo-inositol oxygenase from rice ( OsMIOX): influence of salinity stress in different indica rice cultivars. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:927-945. [PMID: 37649879 PMCID: PMC10462604 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX), the only catabolic enzyme of the inositol pathway, catalyzes conversion of myo-inositol to D-GlcA (glucuronic acid). The present study encompasses bioinformatic analysis of MIOX gene across phylogenetically related plant lineages and representative animal groups. Comparative motif analysis of the MIOX gene(s) across various plant groups suggested existence of abiotic- stress related cis-acting elements such as, DRE, MYB, MYC, STRE, MeJa among others. A detailed analysis revealed a single isoform of MIOX gene, located in chromosome 6 of indica rice (Oryza sativa) with an open reading frame of 938 bp coding for 308 amino acids producing a protein of ~ 35 kD. Secondary structure prediction of the protein gave the predicted number of 144 alpha helices and 154 random coils. The three-dimensional structure suggested it to be a monomeric protein with a single domain. Bacterial overexpression of the protein, purification and enzyme assay showed optimal catalytic activity at pH 7.5-8 at an optimal temperature of 37 °C with Michaelis constant of 40.92 mM. The range of Km was determined as 22.74-28.7 mM and the range of Vmax was calculated as 3.51-3.6 µM/min, respectively. Four salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive rice cultivars displayed differential gene expression of OsMIOX at different time points in different tissues under salinity and drought stress as observed from qRT-PCR data, microarray results and protein expression profile in immunoblot analysis. Gel volumetric analysis confirmed a very high expression of MIOX in roots and leaves on 7th day following germination. Microarray data showed high expression of MIOX at all developmental stages including seedling growth and reproduction. These data suggest that OsMIOX might have a role to play in rice abiotic stress responses mediated through the myo-inositol oxidation pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01340-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghamitra Adak
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054 India
| | - Tanushree Agarwal
- Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019 India
| | - Priyanka Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054 India
| | - Sudipta Ray
- Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, Ballygunge Science College, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019 India
| | - Arun Lahiri Majumder
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054 India
- Present Address: Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Sister Nivedita University, DG 1/2, Action Area I, New Town, Kolkata, 700156 India
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20
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Fu Q, Cao H, Wang L, Lei L, Di T, Ye Y, Ding C, Li N, Hao X, Zeng J, Yang Y, Wang X, Ye M, Huang J. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That Ascorbic Acid Treatment Enhances the Cold Tolerance of Tea Plants through Cell Wall Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10059. [PMID: 37373207 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold stress is a major environmental factor that adversely affects the growth and productivity of tea plants. Upon cold stress, tea plants accumulate multiple metabolites, including ascorbic acid. However, the role of ascorbic acid in the cold stress response of tea plants is not well understood. Here, we report that exogenous ascorbic acid treatment improves the cold tolerance of tea plants. We show that ascorbic acid treatment reduces lipid peroxidation and increases the Fv/Fm of tea plants under cold stress. Transcriptome analysis indicates that ascorbic acid treatment down-regulates the expression of ascorbic acid biosynthesis genes and ROS-scavenging-related genes, while modulating the expression of cell wall remodeling-related genes. Our findings suggest that ascorbic acid treatment negatively regulates the ROS-scavenging system to maintain ROS homeostasis in the cold stress response of tea plants and that ascorbic acid's protective role in minimizing the harmful effects of cold stress on tea plants may occur through cell wall remodeling. Ascorbic acid can be used as a potential agent to increase the cold tolerance of tea plants with no pesticide residual concerns in tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Fu
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongli Cao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Lei Lei
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Taimei Di
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Yufan Ye
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Changqing Ding
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Nana Li
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xinyuan Hao
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jianming Zeng
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xinchao Wang
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Meng Ye
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jianyan Huang
- National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
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21
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Zhang M, Zhang M, Wang J, Dai S, Zhang M, Meng Q, Ma N, Zhuang K. Salicylic acid regulates two photosystem II protection pathways in tomato under chilling stress mediated by ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like proteins. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1385-1404. [PMID: 36948885 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chilling stress seriously impairs photosynthesis and activates a series of molecular responses in plants. Previous studies have shown that ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 (EIN3) and EIN3-like (SlEIL) proteins mediate ethylene signaling and reduce plant tolerance to freezing in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying an EIN3/EILs-mediated photoprotection pathway under chilling stress are unclear. Here, we discovered that salicylic acid (SA) participates in photosystem II (PSII) protection via SlEIL2 and SlEIL7. Under chilling stress, the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene SlPAL5 plays an important role in the production of SA, which also induces WHIRLY1 (SlWHY1) transcription. The resulting accumulation of SlWHY1 activates SlEIL7 expression under chilling stress. SlEIL7 then binds to and blocks the repression domain of the heat shock factor SlHSFB-2B, releasing its inhibition of HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 21 (HSP21) expression to maintain PSII stability. In addition, SlWHY1 indirectly represses SlEIL2 expression, allowing the expression of l-GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE3 (SlGPP3). The ensuing higher SlGPP3 abundance promotes the accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), which scavenges reactive oxygen species produced upon chilling stress and thus protects PSII. Our study demonstrates that SlEIL2 and SlEIL7 protect PSII under chilling stress via two different SA response mechanisms: one involving the antioxidant AsA and the other involving the photoprotective chaperone protein HSP21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Shanshan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Nana Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Kunyang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
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22
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Shu P, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Chen Y, Li K, Deng H, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang J, Liu Z, Xie Y, Du K, Li M, Bouzayen M, Hong Y, Zhang Y, Liu M. A comprehensive metabolic map reveals major quality regulations in red-flesh kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2064-2079. [PMID: 36843264 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) is one of the popular fruits world-wide, and its quality is mainly determined by key metabolites (sugars, flavonoids, and vitamins). Previous works on kiwifruit are mostly done via a single omics approach or involve only limited metabolites. Consequently, the dynamic metabolomes during kiwifruit development and ripening and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, using high-resolution metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, we investigated kiwifruit metabolic landscapes at 11 different developmental and ripening stages and revealed a parallel classification of 515 metabolites and their co-expressed genes into 10 distinct metabolic vs gene modules (MM vs GM). Through integrative bioinformatics coupled with functional genomic assays, we constructed a global map and uncovered essential transcriptomic and transcriptional regulatory networks for all major metabolic changes that occurred throughout the kiwifruit growth cycle. Apart from known MM vs GM for metabolites such as soluble sugars, we identified novel transcription factors that regulate the accumulation of procyanidins, vitamin C, and other important metabolites. Our findings thus shed light on the kiwifruit metabolic regulatory network and provide a valuable resource for the designed improvement of kiwifruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Kunyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, 610213, Sichuan, China
| | - Kui Du
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, 610213, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, 610213, Sichuan, China
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- GBF Laboratory, Université de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, 31320, France
| | - Yiguo Hong
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, WR2 6AJ, UK
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
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23
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Thakur N, Chaturvedi S, Tiwari S. Wheat derived glucuronokinase as a potential target for regulating ascorbic acid and phytic acid content with increased root length under drought and ABA stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 331:111671. [PMID: 36931562 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glucuronokinase (GlcAK) converts glucuronic acid into glucuronic acid-1-phosphate, which is then converted into UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) via myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) pathway. UDP-GlcA acts as a precursor in the synthesis of nucleotide-sugar moieties forming cell wall biomass. GlcAK being present at the bifurcation point between UDP-GlcA and ascorbic acid (AsA) biosyntheses, makes it necessary to study its role in plants. In this study, the three homoeologs of GlcAK gene from hexaploid wheat were overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. The GlcAK overexpressing transgenic lines showed decreased contents of AsA and phytic acid (PA) as compared to control plants. Root length and seed germination analyses under abiotic stress (drought and abscisic acid) conditions revealed enhanced root length in transgenic lines as compared to control plants. These results indicate that the MIOX pathway might be contributing towards AsA biosynthesis as evident by the decreased AsA content in the GlcAK overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Findings of the present study will enhance the understanding of the involvement of GlcAK gene in MIOX pathway and subsequent physiological effects in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Thakur
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Siddhant Chaturvedi
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Siddharth Tiwari
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India.
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24
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Hou G, Yang M, He C, Jiang Y, Peng Y, She M, Li X, Chen Q, Li M, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, He W, Wang X, Tang H, Luo Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Comparative Transcriptome Methods Reveal FaMDHAR50 Regulating Ascorbic Acid Regeneration and Quality Formation of Strawberry Fruits. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119510. [PMID: 37298465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is a crucial water-soluble antioxidant in strawberry fruit, but limited research is currently available on the identification and functional validation of key genes involved in AsA metabolism in strawberries. This study analyzed the FaMDHAR gene family identification, which includes 168 genes. Most of the products of these genes are predicted to exist in the chloroplast and cytoplasm. The promoter region is rich in cis-acting elements related to plant growth and development, stress and light response. Meanwhile, the key gene FaMDHAR50 that positively regulates AsA regeneration was identified through comparative transcriptome analysis of 'Benihoppe' strawberry (WT) and its natural mutant (MT) with high AsA content (83 mg/100 g FW). The transient overexpression experiment further showed that overexpression of FaMDHAR50 significantly enhanced the AsA content by 38% in strawberry fruit, with the upregulated expression of structural genes involved in AsA biosynthesis (FaGalUR and FaGalLDH) and recycling and degradation (FaAPX, FaAO and FaDHAR) compared with that of the control. Moreover, increased sugar (sucrose, glucose and fructose) contents and decreased firmness and citric acid contents were observed in the overexpressed fruit, which were accompanied by the upregulation of FaSNS, FaSPS, FaCEL1 and FaACL, as well as the downregulation of FaCS. Additionally, the content of pelargonidin 3-glucoside markedly decreased, while cyanidin chloride increased significantly. In summary, FaMDHAR50 is a key positive regulatory gene involved in AsA regeneration in strawberry fruit, which also plays an important role in the formation of fruit flavor, apperance and texture during strawberry fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Hou
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Caixia He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuyan Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuting Peng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Musha She
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuanxiu Lin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yunting Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wen He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haoru Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Luo
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Guo W, Yu D, Zhang R, Zhao W, Zhang L, Wang D, Sun Y, Guo C. Genome-wide identification of the myo-inositol oxygenase gene family in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and expression analysis under abiotic stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 200:107787. [PMID: 37247557 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX), a pivotal enzyme in the myo-inositol oxygenation pathway, catalyzes the cleavage of myo-inositol to UDP-glucuronic acid and plays a major role in plant adaptation to abiotic stress factors. However, studies pertaining to the MIOX gene family in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) are lacking. Therefore, this study characterized ten MsMIOX genes in the alfalfa genome. These genes were divisible into two classes distributed over three chromosomes and produced 12 pairs of fragment repeats and one pair of tandem repeats. Physicochemical properties, subcellular location, protein structure, conserved motifs, and gene structure pertinent to these MsMIOX genes were analyzed. Construction of a phylogenetic tree revealed that similar gene structures and conserved motifs were present in the same MsMIOX groups. Analysis of cis-acting elements revealed the presence of stress- and hormone-induced expression elements in the promoter regions of the MsMIOX genes. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that MsMIOX genes could be induced by various abiotic stress factors, such as salt, saline-alkali, drought, and cold. Under such conditions, MIOX activity in alfalfa was significantly increased. Heterologous MsMIOX2 expression in yeast enhanced salt, saline-alkali, drought, and cold tolerance. Overexpression of MsMIOX2 in the hairy roots of alfalfa decreased O2- and H2O2 content and enhanced the abiotic stress tolerance. This study offers comprehensive perspectives on the functional features of the MsMIOX family and provides a candidate gene for improving the abiotic stress tolerance of alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weileng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Runqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Weidi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lishuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yugang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cytogenetics, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Fu X, Xu Y, Lu M. A proteomic study of the effect of UV-B on the regulatory mechanism of flavonoids metabolism in pea seedlings. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1184732. [PMID: 37255935 PMCID: PMC10226426 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1184732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of response of pea seedlings to UV-B stress from a proteomic perspective. In this experiment, we measured the growth of pea seedlings in two groups affected by UV-B and unaffected by UV-B and conducted proteomic analysis. The results showed that the ascorbic acid content of UV-B-irradiated pea seedlings increased by 19.0%; the relative content of flavonoids increased by 112.4%; the length of edible parts decreased by 14.2%, and the elongation of roots increased by 11.4%. Proteomics studies showed a significant increase in the levels of CHI, F3'5'H, F3H, F3'H, C4H, and CHR, which are key enzymes for flavonoid synthesis. RT-qPCR indicated that the expression of the regulatory genes of these enzymes was significantly upregulated. This study provided a basis for further studies on the flavonoid response mechanism in pea seedlings during UV stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- Food and Processing Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinghao Xu
- College of Food, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Food and Processing Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
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Chaturvedi S, Thakur N, Khan S, Sardar MK, Jangra A, Tiwari S. Overexpression of banana GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) modulates the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:124124. [PMID: 36966859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
l-Ascorbic acid (AsA) is a potent antioxidant and essential micronutrient for the growth and development of plants and animals. AsA is predominantly synthesized by the Smirnoff-Wheeler (SW) pathway in plants where the GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) gene encodes the rate-limiting step. In the present study, AsA was estimated in twelve banana cultivars, where Nendran carried the highest (17.2 mg/100 g) amount of AsA in ripe fruit pulp. Five GGP genes were identified from the banana genome database, and they were located at chromosome 6 (4 MaGGPs) and chromosome 10 (1 MaGGP). Based on in-silico analysis, three potential MaGGP genes were isolated from the cultivar Nendran and subsequently overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Significant enhancement in AsA (1.52 to 2.20 fold) level was noted in the leaves of all three MaGGPs overexpressing lines as compared to non-transformed control plants. Among all, MaGGP2 emerged as a potential candidate for AsA biofortification in plants. Further, the complementation assay of Arabidopsis thaliana vtc-5-1 and vtc-5-2 mutants with MaGGP genes overcome the AsA deficiency that showed improved plant growth as compared to non-transformed control plants. This study lends strong affirmation towards development of AsA biofortified plants, particularly the staples that sustain the personages in developing countries.
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Geng S, Du H, Chen B, Sun L, Wang G, Sha M, Dong T, Zhang X, Wang Q. Identification of the GDP-L-Galactose Phosphorylase Gene as a Candidate for the Regulation of Ascorbic Acid Content in Fruits of Capsicum annuum L. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087529. [PMID: 37108695 PMCID: PMC10145300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an antioxidant with significant functions in both plants and animals. Despite its importance, there has been limited research on the molecular basis of AsA production in the fruits of Capsicum annuum L. In this study, we used Illumina transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) technology to explore the candidate genes involved in AsA biosynthesis in Capsicum annuum L. A total of 8272 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the comparative transcriptome analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified two co-expressed modules related to the AsA content (purple and light-cyan modules), and eight interested DEGs related to AsA biosynthesis were selected according to gene annotations in the purple and light-cyan modules. Moreover, we found that the gene GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) was related to AsA content, and silencing GGP led to a reduction in the AsA content in fruit. These results demonstrated that GGP is an important gene controlling AsA biosynthesis in the fruit of Capsicum annuum L. In addition, we developed capsanthin/capsorubin synthase as the reporter gene for visual analysis of gene function in mature fruit, enabling us to accurately select silenced tissues and analyze the results of silencing. The findings of this study provide the theoretical basis for future research to elucidate AsA biosynthesis in Capsicum annuum L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Wang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Sansheng Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Heshan Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoyun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Meihong Sha
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Tingting Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiaofen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasms Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), National Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Castro JC, Castro CG, Cobos M. Genetic and biochemical strategies for regulation of L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in plants through the L-galactose pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1099829. [PMID: 37021310 PMCID: PMC10069634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1099829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, AsA) is an essential compound with pleiotropic functions in many organisms. Since its isolation in the last century, AsA has attracted the attention of the scientific community, allowing the discovery of the L-galactose pathway, which is the main pathway for AsA biosynthesis in plants. Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze the genetic and biochemical strategies employed by plant cells for regulating AsA biosynthesis through the L-galactose pathway. In this pathway, participates eight enzymes encoded by the genes PMI, PMM, GMP, GME, GGP, GPP, GDH, and GLDH. All these genes and their encoded enzymes have been well characterized, demonstrating their participation in AsA biosynthesis. Also, have described some genetic and biochemical strategies that allow its regulation. The genetic strategy includes regulation at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In the first one, it was demonstrated that the expression levels of the genes correlate directly with AsA content in the tissues/organs of the plants. Also, it was proved that these genes are light-induced because they have light-responsive promoter motifs (e.g., ATC, I-box, GT1 motif, etc.). In addition, were identified some transcription factors that function as activators (e.g., SlICE1, AtERF98, SlHZ24, etc.) or inactivators (e.g., SlL1L4, ABI4, SlNYYA10) regulate the transcription of these genes. In the second one, it was proved that some genes have alternative splicing events and could be a mechanism to control AsA biosynthesis. Also, it was demonstrated that a conserved cis-acting upstream open reading frame (5'-uORF) located in the 5'-untranslated region of the GGP gene induces its post-transcriptional repression. Among the biochemical strategies discovered is the control of the enzyme levels (usually by decreasing their quantities), control of the enzyme catalytic activity (by increasing or decreasing its activity), feedback inhibition of some enzymes (GME and GGP), subcellular compartmentation of AsA, the metabolon assembly of the enzymes, and control of AsA biosynthesis by electron flow. Together, the construction of this basic knowledge has been establishing the foundations for generating genetically improved varieties of fruits and vegetables enriched with AsA, commonly used in animal and human feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Castro
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Biomédicas y Biotecnología (DACBB), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
| | - Carlos G. Castro
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
| | - Marianela Cobos
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Biomédicas y Biotecnología (DACBB), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
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Yang DY, Zhuang KY, Ma NN. Overexpression of SlGGP-LIKE gene enhanced the resistance of tomato to salt stress. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:625-635. [PMID: 35947214 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) plays an important role in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing photoinhibition in plants, especially under stress. The function of SlGGP which encodes the key enzyme GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase in AsA synthetic pathway is relatively clear. However, there is another gene SlGGP-LIKE that encodes this enzyme in tomato, and there are few studies on it, especially under salt stress. In this study, we explored the function of this gene in tomato salt stress response using transgenic lines overexpressing SlGGP-LIKE (OE). Under normal conditions, overexpressing SlGGP-LIKE can increase the content of reduced AsA and the ratio of AsA/ DHA (dehydroascorbic acid), as well as the level of xanthophyll cycle. Under salt stress, compared with the wild-type plants (WT), the OE lines can maintain higher levels of reduced AsA. In addition, OE lines also have higher levels of reduced GSH (glutathione) and total GSH, higher ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/oxidative GSH (GSSR), and higher level of xanthophyll cycle. Therefore, the OE lines are more tolerant to salt stress, with higher photosynthetic activity, higher antioxidative enzyme activities, higher content of D1 protein, lower production rate of ROS, and lighter membrane damage. These results indicate that overexpressing SlGGP-LIKE can enhance tomato resistance to salt stress through promoting the synthesis of AsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yue Yang
- Shandong Academy of Grape/Shandong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Viticulture and Grape Intensive Processing, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Kun-Yang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dai Zong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Na-Na Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Dai Zong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Muñoz P, Castillejo C, Gómez JA, Miranda L, Lesemann S, Olbricht K, Petit A, Chartier P, Haugeneder A, Trinkl J, Mazzoni L, Masny A, Zurawicz E, Ziegler FMR, Usadel B, Schwab W, Denoyes B, Mezzetti B, Osorio S, Sánchez-Sevilla JF, Amaya I. QTL analysis for ascorbic acid content in strawberry fruit reveals a complex genetic architecture and association with GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad006. [PMID: 36938573 PMCID: PMC10022485 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruits are an excellent source of L-ascorbic acid (AsA), a powerful antioxidant for plants and humans. Identifying the genetic components underlying AsA accumulation is crucial for enhancing strawberry nutritional quality. Here, we unravel the genetic architecture of AsA accumulation using an F1 population derived from parental lines 'Candonga' and 'Senga Sengana', adapted to distinct Southern and Northern European areas. To account for environmental effects, the F1 and parental lines were grown and phenotyped in five locations across Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Poland and Spain). Fruit AsA content displayed normal distribution typical of quantitative traits and ranged five-fold, with significant differences among genotypes and environments. AsA content in each country and the average in all of them was used in combination with 6,974 markers for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. Environmentally stable QTLs for AsA content were detected in linkage group (LG) 3A, LG 5A, LG 5B, LG 6B and LG 7C. Candidate genes were identified within stable QTL intervals and expression analysis in lines with contrasting AsA content suggested that GDP-L-Galactose Phosphorylase FaGGP(3A), and the chloroplast-located AsA transporter gene FaPHT4;4(7C) might be the underlying genetic factors for QTLs on LG 3A and 7C, respectively. We show that recessive alleles of FaGGP(3A) inherited from both parental lines increase fruit AsA content. Furthermore, expression of FaGGP(3A) was two-fold higher in lines with high AsA. Markers here identified represent a useful resource for efficient selection of new strawberry cultivars with increased AsA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Muñoz
- Centro IFAPA de Málaga, Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), 29140, Málaga, Spain
- PhD program in Advanced Biotechnology, Universidad de Málaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Cristina Castillejo
- Centro IFAPA de Málaga, Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), 29140, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Luis Miranda
- Finca el Cebollar, Centro IFAPA las Torres, 04745, Huelva, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Annika Haugeneder
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Johanna Trinkl
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Luca Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Masny
- Department of Horticultural Crop Breeding, the National Institute of Horticultural Research, Konstytucji 3 Maja 1/3, 96-100, Skierniewice, Poland
| | | | | | - Björn Usadel
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Bioinformatics (IBG-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Béatrice Denoyes
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, F-33140, France
| | - Bruno Mezzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Osorio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad Asociada de I+D+i IFAPA-CSIC Biotecnología y Mejora en Fresa, 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - José F Sánchez-Sevilla
- Centro IFAPA de Málaga, Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), 29140, Málaga, Spain
- Unidad Asociada de I+D+i IFAPA-CSIC Biotecnología y Mejora en Fresa, 29010, Málaga, Spain
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Zhou H, Yu L, Liu S, Zhu A, Yang Y, Chen C, Yang A, Liu L, Yu F. Transcriptome comparison analyses in UV-B induced AsA accumulation of Lactuca sativa L. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:61. [PMID: 36737693 PMCID: PMC9896689 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09133-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated in facilities display low vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid (AsA)) contents which require augmentation. Although UV-B irradiation increases the accumulation of AsA in crops, processes underlying the biosynthesis as well as metabolism of AsA induced by UV-B in lettuce remain unclear. RESULTS UV-B treatment increased the AsA content in lettuce, compared with that in the untreated control. UV-B treatment significantly increased AsA accumulation in a dose-dependent manner up until a certain dose.. Based on optimization experiments, three UV-B dose treatments, no UV-B (C), medium dose 7.2 KJ·m- 2·d- 1 (U1), and high dose 12.96 KJ·m- 2·d- 1 (U2), were selected for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) in this study. The results showed that C and U1 clustered in one category while U2 clustered in another, suggesting that the effect exerted on AsA by UV-B was dose dependent. MIOX gene in the myo-inositol pathway and APX gene in the recycling pathway in U2 were significantly different from the other two treatments, which was consistent with AsA changes seen in the three treatments, indicating that AsA accumulation caused by UV-B may be associated with these two genes in lettuce. UVR8 and HY5 were not significantly different expressed under UV-B irradiation, however, the genes involved in plant growth hormones and defence hormones significantly decreased and increased in U2, respectively, suggesting that high UV-B dose may regulate photomorphogenesis and response to stress via hormone regulatory pathways, although such regulation was independent of the UVR8 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that studying the application of UV-B irradiation may enhance our understanding of the response of plant growth and AsA metabolism-related genes to UV-B stress, with particular reference to lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Anfan Zhu
- Jiangxi Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Nanchang, 330046, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Caihui Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Aihong Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Lipan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Faxin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, China.
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The Functions of Chloroplastic Ascorbate in Vascular Plants and Algae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032537. [PMID: 36768860 PMCID: PMC9916717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate (Asc) is a multifunctional metabolite essential for various cellular processes in plants and animals. The best-known property of Asc is to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), in a highly regulated manner. Besides being an effective antioxidant, Asc also acts as a chaperone for 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that are involved in the hormone metabolism of plants and the synthesis of various secondary metabolites. Asc also essential for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, signaling and iron transport. Thus, Asc affects plant growth, development, and stress resistance via various mechanisms. In this review, the intricate relationship between Asc and photosynthesis in plants and algae is summarized in the following major points: (i) regulation of Asc biosynthesis by light, (ii) interaction between photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport in relation to Asc biosynthesis, (iii) Asc acting as an alternative electron donor of photosystem II, (iv) Asc inactivating the oxygen-evolving complex, (v) the role of Asc in non-photochemical quenching, and (vi) the role of Asc in ROS management in the chloroplast. The review also discusses differences in the regulation of Asc biosynthesis and the effects of Asc on photosynthesis in algae and vascular plants.
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Berdugo-Cely JA, Céron-Lasso MDS, Yockteng R. Phenotypic and molecular analyses in diploid and tetraploid genotypes of Solanum tuberosum L. reveal promising genotypes and candidate genes associated with phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid contents, and antioxidant activity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1007104. [PMID: 36743552 PMCID: PMC9889998 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1007104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Potato tubers contain biochemical compounds with antioxidant properties that benefit human health. However, the genomic basis of the production of antioxidant compounds in potatoes has largely remained unexplored. Therefore, we report the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) based on 4488 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and the phenotypic evaluation of Total Phenols Content (TPC), Ascorbic Acid Content (AAC), and Antioxidant Activity (AA) traits in 404 diverse potato genotypes (84 diploids and 320 tetraploids) conserved at the Colombian germplasm bank that administers AGROSAVIA. The concentration of antioxidant compounds correlated to the skin tuber color and ploidy level. Especially, purple-blackish tetraploid tubers had the highest TPC (2062.41 ± 547.37 mg GAE), while diploid pink-red tubers presented the highest AA (DDPH: 14967.1 ± 4687.79 μmol TE; FRAP: 2208.63 ± 797.35 mg AAE) and AAC (4.52 mg ± 0.68 AA). The index selection allowed us to choose 20 promising genotypes with the highest values for the antioxidant compounds. Genome Association mapping identified 58 SNP-Trait Associations (STAs) with single-locus models and 28 Quantitative Trait Nucleotide (QTNs) with multi-locus models associated with the evaluated traits. Among models, eight STAs/QTNs related to TPC, AAC, and AA were detected in common, flanking seven candidate genes, from which four were pleiotropic. The combination in one population of diploid and tetraploid genotypes enabled the identification of more genetic associations. However, the GWAS analysis implemented independently in populations detected some regions in common between diploids and tetraploids not detected in the mixed population. Candidate genes have molecular functions involved in phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid biosynthesis, and antioxidant responses concerning plant abiotic stress. All candidate genes identified in this study can be used for further expression analysis validation and future implementation in marker-assisted selection pre-breeding platforms targeting fortified materials. Our study further revealed the importance of potato germplasm conserved in national genebanks, such as AGROSAVIA's, as a valuable genetic resource to improve existing potato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon A. Berdugo-Cely
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Turipaná, Km 13 vía Montería-Cereté, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 13 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - María del Socorro Céron-Lasso
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 13 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Roxana Yockteng
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 13 vía Mosquera-Bogotá, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité-UMR-CNRS 7205, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France
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Yan Y, Liu Y, Lu M, Lu C, Ludlow RA, Yang M, Huang W, Liu Z, An H. Gene expression profiling in Rosa roxburghii fruit and overexpressing RrGGP2 in tobacco and tomato indicates the key control point of AsA biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1096493. [PMID: 36704162 PMCID: PMC9871823 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1096493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. is an important commercial horticultural crop endemic to China, which is recognized for its extremely high content of L-ascorbic acid (AsA). To understand the mechanisms underlying AsA overproduction in fruit of R. roxburghii, content levels, accumulation rate, and the expression of genes putatively in the biosynthesis of AsA during fruit development have been characterized. The content of AsA increased with fruit weight during development, and AsA accumulation rate was found to be highest between 60 and 90 days after anthesis (DAA), with approximately 60% of the total amount being accumulated during this period. In vitro incubating analysis of 70DAA fruit flesh tissues confirmed that AsA was synthesized mainly via the L-galactose pathway although L-Gulono-1, 4-lactone was also an effective precursor elevating AsA biosynthesis. Furthermore, in transcript level, AsA content was significantly associated with GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (RrGGP2) gene expression. Virus-induced RrGGP2 silencing reduced the AsA content in R. roxburghii fruit by 28.9%. Overexpressing RrGGP2 increased AsA content by 8-12-fold in tobacco leaves and 2.33-3.11-fold in tomato fruit, respectively, and it showed enhanced resistance to oxidative stress caused by paraquat in transformed tobacco. These results further justified the importance of RrGGP2 as a major control step to AsA biosynthesis in R. roxburghii fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yan
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Lu
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Man Yang
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zeyang Liu
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - HuaMing An
- Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Rosa roxburghii, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Su XB, Ko ALA, Saiardi A. Regulations of myo-inositol homeostasis: Mechanisms, implications, and perspectives. Adv Biol Regul 2023; 87:100921. [PMID: 36272917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation is the most common module of cellular signalling pathways. The dynamic nature of phosphorylation, which is conferred by the balancing acts of kinases and phosphatases, allows this modification to finely control crucial cellular events such as growth, differentiation, and cell cycle progression. Although most research to date has focussed on protein phosphorylation, non-protein phosphorylation substrates also play vital roles in signal transduction. The most well-established substrate of non-protein phosphorylation is inositol, whose phosphorylation generates many important signalling molecules such as the second messenger IP3, a key factor in calcium signalling. A fundamental question to our understanding of inositol phosphorylation is how the levels of cellular inositol are controlled. While the availability of protein phosphorylation substrates is known to be readily controlled at the levels of transcription, translation, and/or protein degradation, the regulatory mechanisms that control the uptake, synthesis, and removal of inositol are underexplored. Potentially, such mechanisms serve as an important layer of regulation of cellular signal transduction pathways. There are two ways in which mammalian cells acquire inositol. The historic use of radioactive 3H-myo-inositol revealed that inositol is promptly imported from the extracellular environment by three specific symporters SMIT1/2, and HMIT, coupling sodium or proton entry, respectively. Inositol can also be synthesized de novo from glucose-6P, thanks to the enzymatic activity of ISYNA1. Intriguingly, emerging evidence suggests that in mammalian cells, de novo myo-inositol synthesis occurs irrespective of inositol availability in the environment, prompting the question of whether the two sources of inositol go through independent metabolic pathways, thus serving distinct functions. Furthermore, the metabolic stability of myo-inositol, coupled with the uptake and endogenous synthesis, determines that there must be exit pathways to remove this extraordinary sugar from the cells to maintain its homeostasis. This essay aims to review our current knowledge of myo-inositol homeostatic metabolism, since they are critical to the signalling events played by its phosphorylated forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bessie Su
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - An-Li Andrea Ko
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Terzaghi M, De Tullio MC. The perils of planning strategies to increase vitamin C content in plants: Beyond the hype. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1096549. [PMID: 36600921 PMCID: PMC9806220 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1096549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ever since the identification of vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AsA) as an essential molecule that humans cannot synthesize on their own, finding adequate dietary sources of AsA became a priority in nutrition research. Plants are the main producers of AsA for humans and other non-synthesizing animals. It was immediately clear that some plant species have more AsA than others. Further studies evidenced that AsA content varies in different plant organs, in different developmental stages/environmental conditions and even within different cell compartments. With the progressive discovery of the genes of the main (Smirnoff-Wheeler) and alternative pathways coding for the enzymes involved in AsA biosynthesis in plants, the simple overexpression of those genes appeared a suitable strategy for boosting AsA content in any plant species or organ. Unfortunately, overexpression experiments mostly resulted in limited, if any, AsA increase, apparently due to a tight regulation of the biosynthetic machinery. Attempts to identify regulatory steps in the pathways that could be manipulated to obtain unlimited AsA production were also less successful than expected, confirming the difficulties in "unleashing" AsA synthesis. A different approach to increase AsA content has been the overexpression of genes coding for enzymes catalyzing the recycling of the oxidized forms of vitamin C, namely monodehydroascorbate and dehydroascorbate reductases. Such approach proved mostly effective in making the overexpressors apparently more resistant to some forms of environmental stress, but once more did not solve the issue of producing massive AsA amounts for human diet. However, it should also be considered that a hypothetical unlimited increase in AsA content is likely to interfere with plant development, which is in many ways regulated by AsA availability itself. The present review article aims at summarizing the many attempts made so far to improve AsA production/content in plants, evidencing the most promising ones, and at providing information about the possible unexpected consequences of a pure biotechnological approach not keeping into account the peculiar features of the AsA system in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Terzaghi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Mario C. De Tullio
- Department of Earth and Geoenvironmental Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Zhou C, Dong W, Jin S, Liu Q, Shi L, Cao S, Li S, Chen W, Yang Z. γ-Aminobutyric acid treatment induced chilling tolerance in postharvest peach fruit by upregulating ascorbic acid and glutathione contents at the molecular level. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1059979. [PMID: 36570953 PMCID: PMC9768863 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1059979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peach fruit was treated with 5 mM γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to further investigate the mechanism by which GABA induced chilling tolerance. Here, we found that GABA not only inhibited the occurrence of chilling injury in peach fruit during cold storage but also maintained fruit quality. Most of the ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) biosynthetic genes were up-regulated by GABA treatment, and their levels were increased accordingly, thus reducing chilling damage in treated peaches. Meanwhile, the increased transcript of genes in the AsA-GSH cycle by GABA treatment was also related to the induced tolerance against chilling. GABA treatment also increased the expression levels of several candidate ERF transcription factors involved in AsA and GSH biosynthesis. In conclusion, our study found that GABA reduced chilling injury in peach fruit during cold storage due to the higher AsA and GSH contents by positively regulating their modifying genes and candidate transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujiang Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wanqi Dong
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuwan Jin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qingli Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liyu Shi
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shifeng Cao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Saisai Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenfeng Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
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Matos IF, Morales LMM, Santana DB, Silva GMC, Gomes MMDA, Ayub RA, Costa JH, de Oliveira JG. Ascorbate synthesis as an alternative electron source for mitochondrial respiration: Possible implications for the plant performance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:987077. [PMID: 36507441 PMCID: PMC9727407 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.987077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The molecule vitamin C, in the chemical form of ascorbic acid (AsA), is known to be essential for the metabolism of humans and animals. Humans do not produce AsA, so they depend on plants as a source of vitamin C for their food. The AsA synthesis pathway occurs partially in the cytosol, but the last oxidation step is physically linked to the respiratory chain of plant mitochondria. This oxidation step is catalyzed by l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (l-GalLDH). This enzyme is not considered a limiting step for AsA production; however, it presents a distinguishing characteristic: the l-GalLDH can introduce electrons directly into the respiratory chain through cytochrome c (Cytc) and therefore can be considered an extramitochondrial electron source that bypasses the phosphorylating Complex III. The use of Cytc as electron acceptor has been debated in terms of its need for AsA synthesis, but little has been said in relation to its impact on the functioning of the respiratory chain. This work seeks to offer a new view about the possible changes that result of the link between AsA synthesis and the mitochondrial respiration. We hypothesized that some physiological alterations related to low AsA may be not only explained by the deficiency of this molecule but also by the changes in the respiratory function. We discussed some findings showing that respiratory mutants contained changes in AsA synthesis. Besides, recent works that also indicate that the excessive electron transport via l-GalLDH enzyme may affect other respiratory pathways. We proposed that Cytc reduction by l-GalLDH may be part of an alternative respiratory pathway that is active during AsA synthesis. Also, it is proposed that possible links of this pathway with other pathways of alternative electron transport in plant mitochondria may exist. The review suggests potential implications of this relationship, particularly for situations of stress. We hypothesized that this pathway of alternative electron input would serve as a strategy for adaptation of plant respiration to changing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Faria Matos
- Plant Genetic Breeding Laboratory, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Diederson Bortolini Santana
- Plant Genetic Breeding Laboratory, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Michelle Cosme Silva
- Plant Genetic Breeding Laboratory, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mara Menezes de Assis Gomes
- Plant Genetic Breeding Laboratory, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antônio Ayub
- Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Fruit Growing, Department of Phytotechny and Phytosanitary, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - José Hélio Costa
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Non-Institutional Competence Focus (NICFocus) ‘Functional Cell Reprogramming and Organism Plasticity’ (FunCROP), coordinated from Foros de Vale de Figueira, Alentejo, Portugal
| | - Jurandi Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Plant Genetic Breeding Laboratory, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
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Advances in Novel Animal Vitamin C Biosynthesis Pathways and the Role of Prokaryote-Based Inferences to Understand Their Origin. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101917. [PMID: 36292802 PMCID: PMC9602106 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C (VC) is an essential nutrient required for the optimal function and development of many organisms. VC has been studied for many decades, and still today, the characterization of its functions is a dynamic scientific field, mainly because of its commercial and therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss, in a comparative way, the increasing evidence for alternative VC synthesis pathways in insects and nematodes, and the potential of myo-inositol as a possible substrate for this metabolic process in metazoans. Methodological approaches that may be useful for the future characterization of the VC synthesis pathways of Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster are here discussed. We also summarize the current distribution of the eukaryote aldonolactone oxidoreductases gene lineages, while highlighting the added value of studies on prokaryote species that are likely able to synthesize VC for both the characterization of novel VC synthesis pathways and inferences on the complex evolutionary history of such pathways. Such work may help improve the industrial production of VC.
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Man M, Zhu Y, Liu L, Luo L, Han X, Qiu L, Li F, Ren M, Xing Y. Defense Mechanisms of Cotton Fusarium and Verticillium Wilt and Comparison of Pathogenic Response in Cotton and Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12217. [PMID: 36293072 PMCID: PMC9602609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton is an important economic crop. Fusarium and Verticillium are the primary pathogenic fungi that threaten both the quality and sustainable production of cotton. As an opportunistic pathogen, Fusarium causes various human diseases, including fungal keratitis, which is the most common. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study and clarify the resistance mechanisms of cotton and humans toward Fusarium in order to mitigate, or eliminate, its harm. Herein, we first discuss the resistance and susceptibility mechanisms of cotton to Fusarium and Verticillium wilt and classify associated genes based on their functions. We then outline the characteristics and pathogenicity of Fusarium and describe the multiple roles of human neutrophils in limiting hyphal growth. Finally, we comprehensively compare the similarities and differences between animal and plant resistance to Fusarium and put forward new insights into novel strategies for cotton disease resistance breeding and treatment of Fusarium infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwu Man
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yaqian Zhu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xinpei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Lu Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572000, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yadi Xing
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
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Lu D, Wu Y, Pan Q, Zhang Y, Qi Y, Bao W. Identification of key genes controlling L-ascorbic acid during Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit development by integrating transcriptome and metabolome analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:950103. [PMID: 35991405 PMCID: PMC9386341 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.950103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) is a vital economic tree native to China. Jujube fruit with abundant L-Ascorbic Acid (AsA) is an ideal material for studying the mechanism of AsA biosynthesis and metabolism. However, the key transcription factors regulating AsA anabolism in jujube have not been reported. Here, we used jujube variety "Mazao" as the experimental material, conducted an integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome to investigate changes in differential genes and metabolites, and find the key genes regulating AsA during jujube fruit growth. The results showed that AsA was mostly synthesized in the young stage and enlargement stage, ZjMDHAR gene takes an important part in the AsA recycling. Three gene networks/modules were highly correlated with AsA, among them, three genes were identified as candidates controlling AsA, including ZjERF17 (LOC107404975), ZjbZIP9 (LOC107406320), and ZjGBF4 (LOC107421670). These results provide new directions and insights for further study on the regulation mechanism of AsA in jujube.
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Liu H, Wei L, Ni Y, Chang L, Dong J, Zhong C, Sun R, Li S, Xiong R, Wang G, Sun J, Zhang Y, Gao Y. Genome-Wide Analysis of Ascorbic Acid Metabolism Related Genes in Fragaria × ananassa and Its Expression Pattern Analysis in Strawberry Fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:954505. [PMID: 35873967 PMCID: PMC9296770 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.954505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an important antioxidant for scavenging reactive oxygen species and it is essential for human health. Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruits are rich in AsA. In recent years, strawberry has been regarded as a model for non-climacteric fruit ripening. However, in contrast to climacteric fruits, such as tomato, the regulatory mechanism of AsA accumulation in strawberry fruits remains largely unknown. In this study, we first identified 125 AsA metabolism-related genes from the cultivated strawberry "Camarosa" genome. The expression pattern analysis using an available RNA-seq data showed that the AsA biosynthetic-related genes in the D-mannose/L-galactose pathway were downregulated remarkably during fruit ripening which was opposite to the increasing AsA content in fruits. The D-galacturonate reductase gene (GalUR) in the D-Galacturonic acid pathway was extremely upregulated in strawberry receptacles during fruit ripening. The FaGalUR gene above belongs to the aldo-keto reductases (AKR) superfamily and has been proposed to participate in AsA biosynthesis in strawberry fruits. To explore whether there are other genes in the AKR superfamily involved in regulating AsA accumulation during strawberry fruit ripening, we further implemented a genome-wide analysis of the AKR superfamily using the octoploid strawberry genome. A total of 80 FaAKR genes were identified from the genome and divided into 20 subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis. These FaAKR genes were unevenly distributed on 23 chromosomes. Among them, nine genes showed increased expression in receptacles as the fruit ripened, and notably, FaAKR23 was the most dramatically upregulated FaAKR gene in receptacles. Compared with fruits at green stage, its expression level increased by 142-fold at red stage. The qRT-PCR results supported that the expression of FaAKR23 was increased significantly during fruit ripening. In particular, the FaAKR23 was the only FaAKR gene that was significantly upregulated by abscisic acid (ABA) and suppressed by nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA, an ABA biosynthesis blocker), indicating FaAKR23 might play important roles in ABA-mediated strawberry fruit ripening. In a word, our study provides useful information on the AsA metabolism during strawberry fruit ripening and will help understand the mechanism of AsA accumulation in strawberry fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Liu
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Wei
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Ni
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Inspection and Testing Laboratory of Fruits and Nursery Stocks (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Chang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanfei Zhong
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangtao Li
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiong
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Inspection and Testing Laboratory of Fruits and Nursery Stocks (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Yuntao Zhang
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Strawberry, Beijing, China
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Maruta T. How does light facilitate vitamin C biosynthesis in leaves? Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:1173-1182. [PMID: 35746883 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Plants store ascorbate in high concentrations, particularly in their leaves. Ascorbate is an excellent antioxidant that acts as an indispensable photoprotectant. The D-mannose/L-galactose pathway is responsible for ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Light facilitates ascorbate biosynthesis in a light intensity-dependent manner to enhance ascorbate pool size in leaves, and photosynthesis is required for this process. Light- and photosynthesis-dependent activation of the rate-limiting enzyme GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) plays a critical role in ascorbate pool size regulation. In addition, the tight regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis by ascorbate itself has been proposed. Ascorbate represses GGP translation in a dose-dependent manner through the upstream open reading frame in the 5'-untranslated regions of the gene, which may compete with the light-dependent activation of ascorbate biosynthesis. This review focuses on ascorbate biosynthesis based on past and latest findings and critically discusses how light activates this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Maruta
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
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Zheng X, Gong M, Zhang Q, Tan H, Li L, Tang Y, Li Z, Peng M, Deng W. Metabolism and Regulation of Ascorbic Acid in Fruits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11121602. [PMID: 35736753 PMCID: PMC9228137 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is a vital antioxidant widely found in plants. Plant fruits are rich in ascorbic acid and are the primary source of human intake of ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid affects fruit ripening and stress resistance and plays an essential regulatory role in fruit development and postharvest storage. The ascorbic acid metabolic pathway in plants has been extensively studied. Ascorbic acid accumulation in fruits can be effectively regulated by genetic engineering technology. The accumulation of ascorbic acid in fruits is regulated by transcription factors, protein interactions, phytohormones, and environmental factors, but the research on the regulatory mechanism is still relatively weak. This paper systematically reviews the regulation mechanism of ascorbic acid metabolism in fruits in recent decades. It provides a rich theoretical basis for an in-depth study of the critical role of ascorbic acid in fruits and the cultivation of fruits rich in ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Qiongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Huaqiang Tan
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Liping Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Youwan Tang
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mingchao Peng
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-19981296016 (M.P.); +86-18623127580 (W.D.)
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-19981296016 (M.P.); +86-18623127580 (W.D.)
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Liu X, Wu R, Bulley SM, Zhong C, Li D. Kiwifruit MYBS1-like and GBF3 transcription factors influence l-ascorbic acid biosynthesis by activating transcription of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 3. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1782-1800. [PMID: 35288947 PMCID: PMC9325054 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived Vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid (AsA)) is crucial for human health and wellbeing and thus increasing AsA content is of interest to plant breeders. In plants GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is a key biosynthetic control step and here evidence is presented for two new transcriptional activators of GGP. AsA measurement, transcriptomics, transient expression, hormone application, gene editing, yeast 1/2-hybrid, and electromobility shift assay (EMSA) methods were used to identify two positively regulating transcription factors. AceGGP3 was identified as the most highly expressed GGP in Actinidia eriantha fruit, which has high fruit AsA. A gene encoding a 1R-subtype myeloblastosis (MYB) protein, AceMYBS1, was found to bind the AceGGP3 promoter and activate its expression. Overexpression and gene-editing show AceMYBS1 effectively increases AsA accumulation. The bZIP transcription factor AceGBF3 (a G-box binding factor), also was shown to increase AsA content, and was confirmed to interact with AceMYBS1. Co-expression experiments showed that AceMYBS1 and AceGBF3 additively promoted AceGGP3 expression. Furthermore, AceMYBS1, but not GBF3, was repressed by abscisic acid, resulting in reduced AceGGP3 expression and accumulation of AsA. This study sheds new light on the roles of MYBS1 homologues and ABA in modulating AsA synthesis, and adds to the understanding of mechanisms underlying AsA accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesJiufeng 1 RoadWuhan430074HubeiChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Rongmei Wu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited120 Mt Albert Road, Mt AlbertAuckland1025New Zealand
| | - Sean M. Bulley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited412 No 1 Rd, RD2Te Puke3182New Zealand
| | - Caihong Zhong
- Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesJiufeng 1 RoadWuhan430074HubeiChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Dawei Li
- Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesJiufeng 1 RoadWuhan430074HubeiChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
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Zheng X, Yuan Y, Huang B, Hu X, Tang Y, Xu X, Wu M, Gong Z, Luo Y, Gong M, Gao X, Wu G, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Chan H, Zhu B, Li Z, Ferguson L, Deng W. Control of fruit softening and Ascorbic acid accumulation by manipulation of SlIMP3 in tomato. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1213-1225. [PMID: 35258157 PMCID: PMC9129080 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest deterioration is among the major challenges for the fruit industry. Regulation of the fruit softening rate is an effective strategy for extending shelf-life and reducing the economic losses due postharvest deterioration. The tomato myoinositol monophosphatase 3 gene SlIMP3, which showed highest expression level in fruit, was expressed and purified. SlIMP3 demonstrated high affinity with the L-Gal 1-P and D-Ins 3-P, and acted as a bifunctional enzyme in the biosynthesis of AsA and myoinositol. Overexpression of SlIMP3 not only improved AsA and myoinositol content, but also increased cell wall thickness, improved fruit firmness, delayed fruit softening, decreased water loss, and extended shelf-life. Overexpression of SlIMP3 also increased uronic acid, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, and galactose content in cell wall of fruit. Treating fruit with myoinositol obtained similar fruit phenotypes of SlIMP3-overexpressed fruit, with increased cell wall thickness and delayed fruit softening. Meanwhile, overexpression of SlIMP3 conferred tomato fruit tolerance to Botrytis cinerea. The function of SlIMP3 in cell wall biogenesis and fruit softening were also verified using another tomato species, Ailsa Craig (AC). Overexpression of SlDHAR in fruit increased AsA content, but did not affect the cell wall thickness or fruit firmness and softening. The results support a critical role for SlIMP3 in AsA biosynthesis and cell wall biogenesis, and provide a new method of delaying tomato fruit softening, and insight into the link between AsA and cell wall metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yujin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Baowen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yuwei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Mengbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zehao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yingqing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xueli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Guanle Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Qiongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA
| | - Helen Chan
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California Davis, One Shields AvenueDavisCAUSA
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- Laboratory of Fruit BiologyCollege of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Louise Ferguson
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California Davis, One Shields AvenueDavisCAUSA
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
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Zhou Y, Sun M, Sun P, Gao H, Yang H, Jing Y, Hussain MA, Saxena RK, Carther FI, Wang Q, Li H. Tonoplast inositol transporters: Roles in plant abiotic stress response and crosstalk with other signals. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 271:153660. [PMID: 35240513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inositol transporters (INT) are thought to be the pivotal transporters for vital metabolites, in particular lipids, minerals, and sugars. These transporters play an important role in transitional metabolism and various signaling pathways in plants through regulating the transduction of messages from hormones, neurotransmitters, and immunologic and growth factors. Extensive studies have been conducted on animal INT, with promising outcomes. However, only few recent studies have highlighted the importance and complexity of INT genes in the regulation of plant physiology stages, including growth and tolerance to stress conditions. The present review summarizes the most recent findings concerning the role of INT or inositol genes in plant metabolism and the response mechanisms triggered by external stressors. Moreover, we highlight the emerging role of vacuoles and vacuolar INT in plant molecular transition and their related roles in plant growth and development. INTs are the essential mediators of inositol uptake and its intracellular broadcasting for various metabolic pathways where they play crucial roles. Additionally, we report evidence on Na+/inositol transporters, which until now have only been characterized in animals, as well as H+/inositol symporters and their kinetic functions and physiological role and suggest their roles and operating mode in plants. A more comprehensive understanding of the INT functioning system, in particular the coordinated movement of inositol and the relation between inositol generation and other important plant signaling pathways, would greatly advance the study of plant stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Monan Sun
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Pengyu Sun
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Hongtao Gao
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - He Yang
- RDFZ Sanya School, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Yan Jing
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hussain
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Rachit K Saxena
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, 502324, India.
| | - Foka Idrice Carther
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
| | - Qingyu Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570288, China.
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Chaturvedi S, Khan S, Bhunia RK, Kaur K, Tiwari S. Metabolic engineering in food crops to enhance ascorbic acid production: crop biofortification perspectives for human health. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:871-884. [PMID: 35464783 PMCID: PMC9016690 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01172-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) also known as vitamin C is considered as an essential micronutrient in the diet of humans. The human body is unable to synthesize AsA, thus solely dependent on exogenous sources to accomplish the nutritional requirement. AsA plays a crucial role in different physiological aspects of human health like bone formation, iron absorption, maintenance and development of connective tissues, conversion of cholesterol to bile acid and production of serotonin. It carries antioxidant properties and is involved in curing various clinical disorders such as scurvy, viral infection, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, anemia, and diabetes. It also plays a significant role in COVID-19 prevention and recovery by improving the oxygen index and enhancing the production of natural killer cells and T-lymphocytes. In plants, AsA plays important role in floral induction, seed germination, senescence, ROS regulation and photosynthesis. AsA is an essential counterpart of the antioxidant system and helps to defend the plants against abiotic and biotic stresses. Surprisingly, the deficiencies of AsA are spreading in both developed and developing countries. The amount of AsA in the major food crops such as wheat, rice, maize, and other raw natural plant foods is inadequate to fulfill its dietary requirements. Hence, the biofortification of AsA in staple crops would be feasible and cost-effective means of delivering AsA to populations that may have limited access to diverse diets and other interventions. In this review, we endeavor to provide information on the role of AsA in plants and human health, and also perused various biotechnological and agronomical approaches for elevating AsA content in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Chaturvedi
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 India
| | - Shahirina Khan
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
- Department of Botany, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001 India
| | - Rupam Kumar Bhunia
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
| | - Karambir Kaur
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
| | - Siddharth Tiwari
- Plant Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering Lab, National Agri-
Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology (Government of India), Sector-81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306 India
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50
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Potential of engineering the myo-inositol oxidation pathway to increase stress resilience in plants. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8025-8035. [PMID: 35294703 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Myo-inositol is one of the most abundant form of inositol. The myo-inositol (MI) serves as substrate to diverse biosynthesis pathways and hence it is conserved across life forms. The biosynthesis of MI is well studied in animals. Beyond biosynthesis pathway, implications of MI pathway and enzymes hold potential implications in plant physiology and crop improvement. Myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) enzyme catabolize MI into D-glucuronic acid (D-GlcUA). The MIOX enzyme family is well studied across few plants. More recently, the MI associated pathway's crosstalk with other important biosynthesis and stress responsive pathways in plants has drawn attention. The overall outcome from different plant species studied so far are very suggestive that MI derivatives and associated pathways could open new directions to explore stress responsive novel metabolic networks. There are evidences for upregulation of MI metabolic pathway genes, specially MIOX under different stress condition. We also found MIOX genes getting differentially expressed according to developmental and stress signals in Arabidopsis and wheat. In this review we try to highlight the missing links and put forward a tailored view over myo-inositol oxidation pathway and MIOX proteins.
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