1
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Burke R, Nicotra D, Phelan J, Downey F, McCabe PF, Kacprzyk J. Spermine and spermidine inhibit or induce programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana in vitro and in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38808914 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous biomolecules with a number of established functions in eukaryotic cells. In plant cells, polyamines have previously been linked to abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, as well as to the modulation of programmed cell death (PCD), with contrasting reports on their pro-PCD and pro-survival effects. Here, we used two well-established platforms for the study of plant PCD, Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cultures cells and the root hair assay, to examine the roles of the polyamines spermine and spermidine in the regulation of PCD. Using these systems for precise quantification of cell death rates, we demonstrate that both polyamines can trigger PCD when applied exogenously at higher doses, whereas at lower concentrations they inhibit PCD induced by both biotic and abiotic stimuli. Furthermore, we show that concentrations of polyamines resulting in inhibition of PCD generated a transient ROS burst in our experimental system, and activated the expression of oxidative stress- and pathogen response-associated genes. Finally, we examined PCD responses in existing Arabidopsis polyamine synthesis mutants, and identified a subtle PCD phenotype in Arabidopsis seedlings deficient in thermo-spermine. The presented data show that polyamines can have a role in PCD regulation; however, that role is dose-dependent and consequently they may act as either inhibitors, or inducers, of PCD in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Burke
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniele Nicotra
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Jim Phelan
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frances Downey
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul F McCabe
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Kacprzyk
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Demircan N, Sonmez MC, Akyol TY, Ozgur R, Turkan I, Dietz KJ, Uzilday B. Alternative electron sinks in chloroplasts and mitochondria of halophytes as a safety valve for controlling ROS production during salinity. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14397. [PMID: 38894507 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Electron flow through the electron transport chain (ETC) is essential for oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and photosynthesis in chloroplasts. Electron fluxes depend on environmental parameters, e.g., ionic and osmotic conditions and endogenous factors, and this may cause severe imbalances. Plants have evolved alternative sinks to balance the reductive load on the electron transport chains in order to avoid overreduction, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to cope with environmental stresses. These sinks act primarily as valves for electron drainage and secondarily as regulators of tolerance-related metabolism, utilizing the excess reductive energy. High salinity is an environmental stressor that stimulates the generation of ROS and oxidative stress, which affects growth and development by disrupting the redox homeostasis of plants. While glycophytic plants are sensitive to high salinity, halophytic plants tolerate, grow, and reproduce at high salinity. Various studies have examined the ETC systems of glycophytic plants, however, information about the state and regulation of ETCs in halophytes under non-saline and saline conditions is scarce. This review focuses on alternative electron sinks in chloroplasts and mitochondria of halophytic plants. In cases where information on halophytes is lacking, we examined the available knowledge on the relationship between alternative sinks and gradual salinity resilience of glycophytes. To this end, transcriptional responses of involved components of photosynthetic and respiratory ETCs were compared between the glycophyte Arabidopsis thaliana and the halophyte Schrenkiella parvula, and the time-courses of these transcripts were examined in A. thaliana. The observed regulatory patterns are discussed in the context of reactive molecular species formation in halophytes and glycophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil Demircan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | | | - Turgut Yigit Akyol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rengin Ozgur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Ismail Turkan
- Department of Soil and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Yasar University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Baris Uzilday
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
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3
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Zsigmond L, Juhász-Erdélyi A, Valkai I, Aleksza D, Rigó G, Kant K, Szepesi Á, Fiorani F, Körber N, Kovács L, Szabados L. Mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFS8.2 modulates responses to stresses associated with reduced water availability. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108466. [PMID: 38428158 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important sources of energy in plants and are implicated in coordination of a number of metabolic and physiological processes including stabilization of redox balance, synthesis and turnover of a number of metabolites, and control of programmed cell death. Mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) is the backbone of the energy producing process which can influence other processes as well. Accumulating evidence suggests that mETC can affect responses to environmental stimuli and modulate tolerance to extreme conditions such as drought or salinity. Screening for stress responses of 13 Arabidopsis mitochondria-related T-DNA insertion mutants, we identified ndufs8.2-1 which has an increased ability to withstand osmotic and oxidative stresses compared to wild type plants. Insertion in ndufs8.2-1 disrupted the gene that encodes the NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] fragment S subunit 8 (NDUFS8) a component of Complex I of mETC. ndufs8.2-1 tolerated reduced water availability, retained photosynthetic activity and recovered from severe water stress with higher efficiency compared to wild type plants. Several mitochondrial functions were altered in the mutant including oxygen consumption, ROS production, ATP and ADP content as well as activities of genes encoding alternative oxidase 1A (AOX1A) and various alternative NAD(P)H dehydrogenases (ND). Our results suggest that in the absence of NDUFS8.2 stress-induced ROS generation is restrained leading to reduced oxidative damage and improved tolerance to water deficiency. mETC components can be implicated in redox and energy homeostasis and modulate responses to stresses associated with reduced water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zsigmond
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Annabella Juhász-Erdélyi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Valkai
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dávid Aleksza
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rigó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kamal Kant
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fabio Fiorani
- Institute of Bio- and Geo-Sciences, IBG2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Niklas Körber
- Nunhems - BASF Vegetable Seeds, Department of Data Science and Technology, Roermond, Netherlands
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Szabados
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
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4
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Porcher A, Kangasjärvi S. Plant biology: Unlocking mitochondrial stress signals. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R59-R61. [PMID: 38262360 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Environmental stress induces mitochondrial retrograde signals that prompt protective responses in plants. The elusive mitochondrial signal has now been uncovered in a new study, which identifies formation of reactive oxygen species inside mitochondria as the key trigger of stress signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Porcher
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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5
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Rumaseb A, Moraes Barros RR, Sá JM, Juliano JJ, William T, Braima KA, Barber BE, Anstey NM, Price RN, Grigg MJ, Marfurt J, Auburn S. No Association between the Plasmodium vivax crt-o MS334 or In9 pvcrt Polymorphisms and Chloroquine Failure in a Pre-Elimination Clinical Cohort from Malaysia with a Large Clonal Expansion. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0161022. [PMID: 37314336 PMCID: PMC10353443 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01610-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing reports of resistance to a frontline malaria blood-stage treatment, chloroquine (CQ), raises concerns for the elimination of Plasmodium vivax. The absence of an effective molecular marker of CQ resistance in P. vivax greatly constrains surveillance of this emerging threat. A recent genetic cross between CQ sensitive (CQS) and CQ resistant (CQR) NIH-1993 strains of P. vivax linked a moderate CQR phenotype with two candidate markers in P. vivax CQ resistance transporter gene (pvcrt-o): MS334 and In9pvcrt. Longer TGAAGH motif lengths at MS334 were associated with CQ resistance, as were shorter motifs at the In9pvcrt locus. In this study, high-grade CQR clinical isolates of P. vivax from a low endemic setting in Malaysia were used to investigate the association between the MS334 and In9pvcrt variants and treatment efficacy. Among a total of 49 independent monoclonal P. vivax isolates assessed, high-quality MS334 and In9pvcrt sequences could be derived from 30 (61%) and 23 (47%), respectively. Five MS334 and six In9pvcrt alleles were observed, with allele frequencies ranging from 2 to 76% and 3 to 71%, respectively. None of the clinical isolates had the same variant as the NIH-1993 CQR strain, and none of the variants were associated with CQ treatment failure (all P > 0.05). Multi-locus genotypes (MLGs) at 9 neutral microsatellites revealed a predominant P. vivax strain (MLG6) accounting for 52% of Day 0 infections. The MLG6 strain comprised equal proportions of CQS and CQR infections. Our study reveals complexity in the genetic basis of CQ resistance in the Malaysian P. vivax pre-elimination setting and suggests that the proposed pvcrt-o MS334 and In9pvcrt markers are not reliable markers of CQ treatment efficacy in this setting. Further studies are needed in other endemic settings, applying hypothesis-free genome-wide approaches, and functional approaches to understand the biological impact of the TGAAGH repeats linked to CQ response in a cross are warranted to comprehend and track CQR P. vivax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rumaseb
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Roberto R. Moraes Barros
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana M. Sá
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Juliano
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy William
- Clinical Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Sabah, Malaysia
- Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kamil A. Braima
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Bridget E. Barber
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicholas M. Anstey
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Ric N. Price
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Matthew J. Grigg
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Infectious Diseases Society Sabah-Menzies School of Health Research Clinical Research Unit, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jutta Marfurt
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Sarah Auburn
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Vargas J, Gómez I, Vidal EA, Lee CP, Millar AH, Jordana X, Roschzttardtz H. Growth Developmental Defects of Mitochondrial Iron Transporter 1 and 2 Mutants in Arabidopsis in Iron Sufficient Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1176. [PMID: 36904036 PMCID: PMC10007191 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron is the most abundant micronutrient in plant mitochondria, and it has a crucial role in biochemical reactions involving electron transfer. It has been described in Oryza sativa that Mitochondrial Iron Transporter (MIT) is an essential gene and that knockdown mutant rice plants have a decreased amount of iron in their mitochondria, strongly suggesting that OsMIT is involved in mitochondrial iron uptake. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two genes encode MIT homologues. In this study, we analyzed different AtMIT1 and AtMIT2 mutant alleles, and no phenotypic defects were observed in individual mutant plants grown in normal conditions, confirming that neither AtMIT1 nor AtMIT2 are individually essential. When we generated crosses between the Atmit1 and Atmit2 alleles, we were able to isolate homozygous double mutant plants. Interestingly, homozygous double mutant plants were obtained only when mutant alleles of Atmit2 with the T-DNA insertion in the intron region were used for crossings, and in these cases, a correctly spliced AtMIT2 mRNA was generated, although at a low level. Atmit1 Atmit2 double homozygous mutant plants, knockout for AtMIT1 and knockdown for AtMIT2, were grown and characterized in iron-sufficient conditions. Pleiotropic developmental defects were observed, including abnormal seeds, an increased number of cotyledons, a slow growth rate, pinoid stems, defects in flower structures, and reduced seed set. A RNA-Seq study was performed, and we could identify more than 760 genes differentially expressed in Atmit1 Atmit2. Our results show that Atmit1 Atmit2 double homozygous mutant plants misregulate genes involved in iron transport, coumarin metabolism, hormone metabolism, root development, and stress-related response. The phenotypes observed, such as pinoid stems and fused cotyledons, in Atmit1 Atmit2 double homozygous mutant plants may suggest defects in auxin homeostasis. Unexpectedly, we observed a possible phenomenon of T-DNA suppression in the next generation of Atmit1 Atmit2 double homozygous mutant plants, correlating with increased splicing of the AtMIT2 intron containing the T-DNA and the suppression of the phenotypes observed in the first generation of the double mutant plants. In these plants with a suppressed phenotype, no differences were observed in the oxygen consumption rate of isolated mitochondria; however, the molecular analysis of gene expression markers, AOX1a, UPOX, and MSM1, for mitochondrial and oxidative stress showed that these plants express a degree of mitochondrial perturbation. Finally, we could establish by a targeted proteomic analysis that a protein level of 30% of MIT2, in the absence of MIT1, is enough for normal plant growth under iron-sufficient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Vargas
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Isabel Gómez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Elena A. Vidal
- ANID-Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Chun Pong Lee
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Bayliss Building M316, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - A. Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Bayliss Building M316, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xavier Jordana
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Hannetz Roschzttardtz
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
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7
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Arjmand MP, Lahiji HS, Golfazani MM, Biglouei MH. New insights on the regulatory network of drought-responsive key genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetica 2023; 151:29-45. [PMID: 36474134 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-022-00177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drought stress is complex abiotic stress that seriously affects crop productivity and yield. Many genes with various functions are induced in response to drought stress. The present study aimed to identify drought-responsive hub genes and their related regulation network in Arabidopsis thaliana under drought stress. In this study, RNA-sequencing data of well-watered and drought treatment samples of Arabidopsis were analyzed, and differential expression genes were identified. The gene ontology enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analyses were performed for differential expression genes. Then, the most important hub genes, gene ontology enrichment, co-expression network, and prediction of related miRNAs of hub genes were investigated by in silico approaches. A total of 2462 genes were expressed differentially, of which 1926 transcripts were up-regulated under drought stress, and the rest were down-regulated. WRKY33, WRKY40, AT1G19020, STZ, SYP122, CNI1, CML37, BCS1, AT3G02840, and AT5G54490 were identified as hub genes in drought stress. The gene ontology analysis showed that hub genes significantly enriched in response to hypoxia, chitin, wounding, and salicylic acid-mediated signaling pathway. The hub genes were co-expressed with important drought-responsive genes such as WRKY46, WRKY60, CML38, ERF6, ERF104, and ERF1A. They were regulated by many stress-responsive miRNAs, such as ath-miR5021, miR413, miR5998, and miR162, that could be used as candidate miRNAs for regulating key genes under drought stress. It seems that the regulation network was involved in signaling pathways and protein degradation under drought stress, and it consists of several important genes and miRNAs that are potential candidates for plant improvement and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pasandideh Arjmand
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Hassan Biglouei
- Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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8
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Zhu Y, Narsai R, He C, Wang Y, Berkowitz O, Whelan J, Liew LC. Coordinated regulation of the mitochondrial retrograde response by circadian clock regulators and ANAC017. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100501. [PMID: 36463409 PMCID: PMC9860193 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial retrograde signaling (MRS) supports photosynthetic function under a variety of conditions. Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction with myxothiazol (a specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial bc1 complex) or antimycin A (an inhibitor of the mitochondrial bc1 complex and cyclic electron transport in the chloroplast under light conditions) in the light and dark revealed diurnal control of MRS. This was evidenced by (1) significantly enhanced binding of ANAC017 to promoters in the light compared with the dark in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol (but not antimycin A), (2) overlap in the experimentally determined binding sites for ANAC017 and circadian clock regulators in the promoters of ANAC013 and AOX1a, (3) a diurnal expression pattern for ANAC017 and transcription factors it regulates, (4) altered expression of ANAC017-regulated genes in circadian clock mutants with and without myxothiazol treatment, and (5) a decrease in the magnitude of LHY and CCA1 expression in an ANAC017-overexpressing line and protein-protein interaction between ANAC017 and PIF4. This study also shows a large difference in transcriptome responses to antimycin A and myxothiazol in the dark: these responses are ANAC017 independent, observed in shoots and roots, similar to biotic challenge and salicylic acid responses, and involve ERF and ZAT transcription factors. This suggests that antimycin A treatment stimulates a second MRS pathway that is mediated or converges with salicylic acid signaling and provides a merging point with chloroplast retrograde signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiao Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Reena Narsai
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Cunman He
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Lim Chee Liew
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
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9
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He C, Berkowitz O, Hu S, Zhao Y, Qian K, Shou H, Whelan J, Wang Y. Co-regulation of mitochondrial and chloroplast function: Molecular components and mechanisms. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100496. [PMID: 36435968 PMCID: PMC9860188 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic interdependence, interactions, and coordination of functions between chloroplasts and mitochondria are established and intensively studied. However, less is known about the regulatory components that control these interactions and their responses to external stimuli. Here, we outline how chloroplastic and mitochondrial activities are coordinated via common components involved in signal transduction pathways, gene regulatory events, and post-transcriptional processes. The endoplasmic reticulum emerges as a point of convergence for both transcriptional and post-transcriptional pathways that coordinate chloroplast and mitochondrial functions. Although the identification of molecular components and mechanisms of chloroplast and mitochondrial signaling increasingly suggests common players, this raises the question of how these allow for distinct organelle-specific downstream pathways. Outstanding questions with respect to the regulation of post-transcriptional pathways and the cell and/or tissue specificity of organelle signaling are crucial for understanding how these pathways are integrated at a whole-plant level to optimize plant growth and its response to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunman He
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Shanshan Hu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Huixia Shou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, P.R. China
| | - James Whelan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
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10
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Garmash EV. Suppression of mitochondrial alternative oxidase can result in upregulation of the ROS scavenging network: some possible mechanisms underlying the compensation effect. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:43-53. [PMID: 36245276 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial alternative oxidase is an important protein involved in maintaining cellular metabolic and energy balance, especially under stress conditions. AOX genes knockout is aimed at revealing the functions of AOX genes. Under unfavourable conditions, AOX-suppressed plants (mainly based on Arabidopsis AOX1a-knockout lines) usually experience strong oxidative stress. However, a compensation effect, which consists of the absence of AOX1a leading to an increase in defence response mechanisms, concomitant with a decrease in ROS content, has also been demonstrated. This review briefly describes the possible mechanisms underlying the compensation effect upon the suppression of AOX1a. Information about mitochondrial retrograde regulation of AOX is given. The importance of ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential in triggering the signal transmission from mitochondria in the absence of AOX or disturbance of mitochondrial electron transport chain functions is indicated. The few available data on the response of the cell to the absence of AOX at the level of changes in the hormonal balance and the reactions of chloroplasts are presented. The decrease in the relative amount of reduced ascorbate at stable ROS levels as a result of compensation in AOX1a-suppressed plants is proposed as a sign of stress development. Obtaining direct evidence on the mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in AOX modulation in the genome should facilitate a deeper understanding of the role of AOX in the integration of cellular signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Garmash
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
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11
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Butsanets PA, Shugaeva NA, Shugaev AG. Identification of Mitochondrial Alternative Oxidase Genes in Lupinus luteus and the Effect of Salicylic Acid on Their Expression. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022060048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Khan K, Van Aken O. The colonization of land was a likely driving force for the evolution of mitochondrial retrograde signalling in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:7182-7197. [PMID: 36055768 PMCID: PMC9675596 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most retrograde signalling research in plants was performed using Arabidopsis, so an evolutionary perspective on mitochondrial retrograde regulation (MRR) is largely missing. Here, we used phylogenetics to track the evolutionary origins of factors involved in plant MRR. In all cases, the gene families can be traced to ancestral green algae or earlier. However, the specific subfamilies containing factors involved in plant MRR in many cases arose during the transition to land. NAC transcription factors with C-terminal transmembrane domains, as observed in the key regulator ANAC017, can first be observed in non-vascular mosses, and close homologs to ANAC017 can be found in seed plants. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are common to eukaryotes, but E-type CDKs that control MRR also diverged in conjunction with plant colonization of land. AtWRKY15 can be traced to the earliest land plants, while AtWRKY40 only arose in angiosperms and AtWRKY63 even more recently in Brassicaceae. Apetala 2 (AP2) transcription factors are traceable to algae, but the ABI4 type again only appeared in seed plants. This strongly suggests that the transition to land was a major driver for developing plant MRR pathways, while additional fine-tuning events have appeared in seed plants or later. Finally, we discuss how MRR may have contributed to meeting the specific challenges that early land plants faced during terrestrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasim Khan
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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13
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Sweetman C, Waterman CD, Wong DC, Day DA, Jenkins CL, Soole KL. Altering the balance between AOX1A and NDB2 expression affects a common set of transcripts in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:876843. [PMID: 36466234 PMCID: PMC9716356 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.876843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stress-responsive components of the mitochondrial alternative electron transport pathway have the capacity to improve tolerance of plants to abiotic stress, particularly the alternative oxidase AOX1A but also external NAD(P)H dehydrogenases such as NDB2, in Arabidopsis. NDB2 and AOX1A can cooperate to entirely circumvent the classical electron transport chain in Arabidopsis mitochondria. Overexpression of AOX1A or NDB2 alone can have slightly negative impacts on plant growth under optimal conditions, while simultaneous overexpression of NDB2 and AOX1A can reverse these phenotypic effects. We have taken a global transcriptomic approach to better understand the molecular shifts that occur due to overexpression of AOX1A alone and with concomitant overexpression of NDB2. Of the transcripts that were significantly up- or down- regulated in the AOX1A overexpression line compared to wild type (410 and 408, respectively), the majority (372 and 337, respectively) reverted to wild type levels in the dual overexpression line. Several mechanisms for the AOX1A overexpression phenotype are proposed based on the functional classification of these 709 genes, which can be used to guide future experiments. Only 28 genes were uniquely up- or down-regulated when NDB2 was overexpressed in the AOX1A overexpression line. On the other hand, many unique genes were deregulated in the NDB2 knockout line. Furthermore, several changes in transcript abundance seen in the NDB2 knockout line were consistent with changes in the AOX1A overexpression line. The results suggest that an imbalance in AOX1A:NDB2 protein levels caused by under- or over-expression of either component, triggers a common set of transcriptional responses that may be important in mitochondrial redox regulation. The most significant changes were transcripts associated with photosynthesis, secondary metabolism and oxidative stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Sweetman
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | | | - Darren C.J. Wong
- College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - David A. Day
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Colin L.D. Jenkins
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Kathleen L. Soole
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
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14
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Garmash EV, Dymova OV, Silina EV, Malyshev RV, Belykh ES, Shelyakin MA, Velegzhaninov IO. AOX1a Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Affects the State of Chloroplast Photoprotective Systems under Moderately High Light Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223030. [PMID: 36432760 PMCID: PMC9697105 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Alternative oxidase (AOX) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain is considered important for sustaining photosynthesis under high light conditions. Here, we examined the effects of the AOX pathway on the state of chloroplast photoprotective systems. Arabidopsis thaliana plants (4 weeks old), comprising three genotypes (wild type [WT], overexpressing [XX-2] and antisense [AS-12] lines for AOX1a), were exposed to moderately high light conditions (MHL, 400 μmol m-2 s-1) in a short-term experiment (8 h). After 8 h of MHL, the WT and XX-2 plants showed stable non-photochemical quenching (qN) and violaxanthin cycle activity. Antisense plants displayed the lowest level of qN and a lower de-epoxidation state (DEPS) relative to plants of the same line after 4-6 h MHL, as well as compared to WT and XX-2 plants after 8 h MHL. The decline in DEPS in AS-12 plants was attributed to an insufficient violaxanthin de-epoxidase activity, which in turn was associated with a decrease in reduced ascorbate levels in the chloroplasts and leaves. Simultaneously, gene expression and the activity of ascorbate peroxidase in the antisense line increased after 8 h of MHL, supporting the compensatory effect of the antioxidant system when AOX1a expression is suppressed. This study emphasizes the role played by AOX in modulating the photoprotection processes and in the maintenance of relationships between mitochondria and chloroplasts by influencing ascorbate content.
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15
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Tang WS, Zhong L, Ding QQ, Dou YN, Li WW, Xu ZS, Zhou YB, Chen J, Chen M, Ma YZ. Histone deacetylase AtSRT2 regulates salt tolerance during seed germination via repression of vesicle-associated membrane protein 714 (VAMP714) in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1278-1293. [PMID: 35224735 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Salt tolerance during seed germination is essential for seedling establishment under salt stress. Sirtuin-like proteins, NAD+ -dependent histone deacetylases, are involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses; however, the regulatory mechanism remains unknown. We elucidated the mechanism underlying AtSRT2 (a sirtuin-like protein)-mediated regulation of salt tolerance during seed germination in Arabidopsis. The AtSRT2 mutant srt2 exhibited significantly reduced seed germination percentages under salt stress; its targets were identified via chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with ultra-high-throughput parallel DNA sequencing (ChIP-Seq) assay. Epistasis analysis was performed to identify AtSRT2-related pathways. Overexpression of SRT2.7, an AtSRT2 splice variant, rescued the salt-sensitive phenotype of mutant srt2. AtSRT2 histone deacetylation activity was important for salt tolerance during seed germination. The acetylation level of histone H4K8 locus in srt2-1 increased significantly under salt treatment. Vesicle-associated membrane protein 714 (VAMP714), a negative regulator of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-containing vesicle trafficking in cells, was identified as a target of AtSRT2. AtSRT2 regulated histone acetylation in the promoter region of VAMP714 and inhibited VAMP714 transcription under salt treatment. Seed germination percentage of double-mutant srt2-1vamp714 was close to that of single-mutant vamp714, and higher than that of single-mutant srt2 under salt stress. Hydrogen peroxide content and DNA damage increased after salt treatment in srt2 during seed germination. AtSRT2 regulates salt tolerance during seed germination through VAMP714 in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Si Tang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Zhong
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
- Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550006, China
| | - Qing-Qian Ding
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yi-Ning Dou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
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16
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Sankar TV, Saharay M, Santhosh D, Vishwakarma A, Padmasree K. Structural and Biophysical Characterization of Purified Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana's Alternative Oxidase 1A (rAtAOX1A): Interaction With Inhibitor(s) and Activator. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:871208. [PMID: 35783971 PMCID: PMC9243770 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.871208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, alternative oxidase (AOX) participates in a cyanide resistant and non-proton motive electron transport pathway of mitochondria, diverging from the ubiquinone pool. The physiological significance of AOX in biotic/abiotic stress tolerance is well-documented. However, its structural and biophysical properties are poorly understood as its crystal structure is not yet revealed in plants. Also, most of the AOX purification processes resulted in a low yield/inactive/unstable form of native AOX protein. The present study aims to characterize the purified rAtAOX1A protein and its interaction with inhibitors, such as salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) and n-propyl gallate (n-PG), as well as pyruvate (activator), using biophysical/in silico studies. The rAtAOX1A expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) cells was functionally characterized by monitoring the respiratory and growth sensitivity of E. coli/pAtAOX1A and E. coli/pET28a to classical mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) inhibitors. The rAtAOX1A, which is purified through affinity chromatography and confirmed by western blotting and MALDI-TOF-TOF studies, showed an oxygen uptake activity of 3.86 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein, which is acceptable in non-thermogenic plants. Circular dichroism (CD) studies of purified rAtAOX1A revealed that >50% of the protein content was α-helical and retained its helical absorbance signal (ellipticity) at a wide range of temperature and pH conditions. Further, interaction with SHAM, n-PG, or pyruvate caused significant changes in its secondary structural elements while retaining its ellipticity. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies revealed that both SHAM and n-PG bind reversibly to rAtAOX1A, while docking studies revealed that they bind to the same hydrophobic groove (Met191, Val192, Met195, Leu196, Phe251, and Phe255), to which Duroquinone (DQ) bind in the AtAOX1A. In contrast, pyruvate binds to a pocket consisting of Cys II (Arg174, Tyr175, Gly176, Cys177, Val232, Ala233, Asn294, and Leu313). Further, the mutational docking studies suggest that (i) the Met195 and Phe255 of AtAOX1A are the potential candidates to bind the inhibitor. Hence, this binding pocket could be a 'potential gateway' for the oxidation-reduction process in AtAOX1A, and (ii) Arg174, Gly176, and Cys177 play an important role in binding to the organic acids like pyruvate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadiboina Veera Sankar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Moumita Saharay
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dharawath Santhosh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Abhaypratap Vishwakarma
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Botany, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kollipara Padmasree
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- *Correspondence: Kollipara Padmasree
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17
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Alternative Pathway Is Involved in Hydrogen Peroxide-Enhanced Cadmium Tolerance in Hulless Barley Roots. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112329. [PMID: 34834692 PMCID: PMC8622811 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hulless barley, grown in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, has a wide range of environmental stress tolerance. Alternative pathway (AP) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are involved in enhancing plant tolerance to environmental stresses. However, the relationship between H2O2 and AP in hulless barley tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress remains unclear. In the study, the role and relationship of AP and H2O2 under Cd stress were investigated in hulless barley (Kunlun14) and common barley (Ganpi6). Results showed that the expression level of alternative oxidase (AOX) genes (mainly AOX1a), AP capacity (Valt), and AOX protein were clearly induced more in Kunlun14 than in Ganpi 6 under Cd stress; moreover, these parameters were further enhanced by applying H2O2. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, electrolyte leakage (EL) and NAD(P)H to NAD(P) ratio also increased in Cd-treated roots, especially in Kunlun 14, which can be markedly alleviated by exogenous H2O2. However, this mitigating effect was aggravated by salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM, an AOX inhibitor), suggesting AP contributes to the H2O2-enhanced Cd tolerance. Further study demonstrated that the effect of SHAM on the antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants was minimal. Taken together, hulless barley has higher tolerance to Cd than common barley; and in the process, AP exerts an indispensable function in the H2O2-enhanced Cd tolerance. AP is mainly responsible for the decrease of ROS levels by dissipating excess reducing equivalents.
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18
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Pascual J, Rahikainen M, Angeleri M, Alegre S, Gossens R, Shapiguzov A, Heinonen A, Trotta A, Durian G, Winter Z, Sinkkonen J, Kangasjärvi J, Whelan J, Kangasjärvi S. ACONITASE 3 is part of theANAC017 transcription factor-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction response. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1859-1877. [PMID: 34618107 PMCID: PMC8331168 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are tightly embedded within metabolic and regulatory networks that optimize plant performance in response to environmental challenges. The best-known mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathway involves stress-induced activation of the transcription factor NAC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 17 (ANAC017), which initiates protective responses to stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Posttranslational control of the elicited responses, however, remains poorly understood. Previous studies linked protein phosphatase 2A subunit PP2A-B'γ, a key negative regulator of stress responses, with reversible phosphorylation of ACONITASE 3 (ACO3). Here we report on ACO3 and its phosphorylation at Ser91 as key components of stress regulation that are induced by mitochondrial dysfunction. Targeted mass spectrometry-based proteomics revealed that the abundance and phosphorylation of ACO3 increased under stress, which required signaling through ANAC017. Phosphomimetic mutation at ACO3-Ser91 and accumulation of ACO3S91D-YFP promoted the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, ACO3 contributed to plant tolerance against ultraviolet B (UV-B) or antimycin A-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings demonstrate that ACO3 is both a target and mediator of mitochondrial dysfunction signaling, and critical for achieving stress tolerance in Arabidopsis leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Pascual
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Moona Rahikainen
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Martina Angeleri
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Sara Alegre
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Richard Gossens
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Alexey Shapiguzov
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Arttu Heinonen
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku FI-20520, Finland
| | - Andrea Trotta
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Guido Durian
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Zsófia Winter
- Department of Life Technologies, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Jari Sinkkonen
- Department of Chemistry, Instrument Centre, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kangasjärvi
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia
| | - Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
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19
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Suleman M, Ma M, Ge G, Hua D, Li H. The role of alternative oxidase in plant hypersensitive response. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:415-419. [PMID: 33480175 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system of plants is crucial in defining the fate of a plant cell during plant-pathogen interactions. This response is often accompanied by a hypersensitive reaction leading to the death of a plant cell and restricted pathogen growth. Plant mitochondria, in this case, play a key role by maintaining a balance between cell respiration and reactive oxygen species formation. One of the key features of the hypersensitive response is the shift of the normal plant respiratory pathway to a special 'alternative' pathway. Plants contain an enzyme, alternative oxidase, for maintaining metabolic homeostasis of the cell. This energy dissipating respiration provides a branch in normal respiration by using ubiquinone to form water and heat, thus maintaining the energy status of the cell. Alternative oxidase is thought to minimize production of reactive oxygen species and can also function in 'anti-apoptotic' machinery in plant cells. In this mini review, we briefly describe the alternative respiratory pathway and explain the role of alternative oxidase in important cellular processes, such as programmed cell death and the hypersensitive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suleman
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - M Ma
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - G Ge
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - D Hua
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - H Li
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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20
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Garmash EV, Belykh ES, Velegzhaninov IO. The gene expression profiles of mitochondrial respiratory components in Arabidopsis plants with differing amounts of ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE1a under high intensity light. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1864962. [PMID: 33369529 PMCID: PMC7889022 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1864962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We compared the expression of mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) and other non-phosphorylating respiratory components (NPhPs) in wild type and AOX1a transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana following short-term transfer of plants to higher irradiance conditions to gain more insight into the mechanisms of AOX functioning under light. The AOX1a overexpressing line (XX-2) showed the highest amount of AOX1a transcripts and AOX1A synthesis during the entire experiment, and many NPhPs genes were down-regulated after 6-8 h under the higher light conditions. Antisense AS-12 plants displayed a compensatory effect, typically after 8 h of exposure to higher irradiance, by up-regulating their expression of the majority of genes encoding AOX and other respiratory components. In addition, AS-12 plants displayed 'overcompensation effects' prior to their transfer to high light conditions, i.e., they showed a higher expression level of certain genes. As a result, the ROS content in AS-12, as in XX-2, was consistently lower than in the wild type. All NPhPs genes share, in common with AOX1a, light- and stress-related cis-acting regulatory elements (CAREs) in their promoters. However, the expression of respiratory genes does not always depend on the level of AOX1a expression. This suggests the presence of multiple combinations of signaling pathways in gene induction. Based on our results, we outline possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Garmash
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
- CONTACT Elena V. Garmash Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Elena S. Belykh
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Ilya O. Velegzhaninov
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
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21
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Ding C, Chen C, Su N, Lyu W, Yang J, Hu Z, Zhang M. Identification and characterization of a natural SNP variant in ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE gene associated with cold stress tolerance in watermelon. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 304:110735. [PMID: 33568287 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alternative oxidase (AOX) is a mitochondrial enzyme encoded by a small nuclear gene family, which contains the two subfamilies, AOX1 and AOX2. In the present study on watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), only one ClAOX gene, belonging to AOX2 subfamily but having a similar gene structure to AtAOX1a, was found in the watermelon genome. The expression analysis suggested that ClAOX had the constitutive expression feature of AOX2 subfamily, but was cold inducible, which is normally considered an AOX1 subfamily feature. Moreover, one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in ClAOX sequence, which led to the change from Lys (N) to Asn (K) in the 96th amino acids, was found among watermelon subspecies. Ectopic expression of two ClAOX alleles in the Arabidopsis aox1a knock-out mutant indicated that ClAOXK-expressing plants had stronger cold tolerance than aox1a mutant and ClAOXN-expressing plants. Our findings suggested watermelon genome contained a single ClAOX that possessed the expression features of both AOX1 and AOX2 subfamilies. A naturally existing SNP in ClAOX differentiated the cold tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis plants, impling a possibility this gene might be a functional marker for stress-tolerance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Ding
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Cuiting Chen
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Nan Su
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wenhui Lyu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Hu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Mingfang Zhang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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22
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Garmash EV. Role of mitochondrial alternative oxidase in the regulation of cellular homeostasis during development of photosynthetic function in greening leaves. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:221-228. [PMID: 33190385 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Here, recent publications on the role of mitochondrial non-phosphorylating pathways (NPhPs) in the electron transport chain during the de-etiolation of wheat leaves are reviewed. Among NPhPs, the alternative oxidase (AOX) pathway is the most effective pathway in maintaining cellular redox and energy balance, especially under stress conditions, including light stress. AOX is considered to dissipate excess reductants produced in the chloroplasts, and thereby prevent photooxidation. However, when etiolated wheat plants were exposed to a physiologically relevant light level, AOX was rapidly induced and increased, although the etioplasts did not produce excess reductants and have their own strong photoprotective mechanisms. The present study provides further insights into the role of AOX in greening cells and highlights the importance of AOX in the integration of cellular signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Garmash
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russian Federation
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23
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Mielecki J, Gawroński P, Karpiński S. Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6173. [PMID: 32859110 PMCID: PMC7503960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how cell organelles and compartments communicate with each other has always been an important field of knowledge widely explored by many researchers. However, despite years of investigations, one point-and perhaps the only point that many agree on-is that our knowledge about cellular-signaling pathways still requires expanding. Chloroplasts and mitochondria (because of their primary functions in energy conversion) are important cellular sensors of environmental fluctuations and feedback they provide back to the nucleus is important for acclimatory responses. Under stressful conditions, it is important to manage cellular resources more efficiently in order to maintain a proper balance between development, growth and stress responses. For example, it can be achieved through regulation of nuclear and organellar gene expression. If plants are unable to adapt to stressful conditions, they will be unable to efficiently produce energy for growth and development-and ultimately die. In this review, we show the importance of retrograde signaling in stress responses, including the induction of cell death and in organelle biogenesis. The complexity of these pathways demonstrates how challenging it is to expand the existing knowledge. However, understanding this sophisticated communication may be important to develop new strategies of how to improve adaptability of plants in rapidly changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (J.M.); (P.G.)
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24
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Burke R, Schwarze J, Sherwood OL, Jnaid Y, McCabe PF, Kacprzyk J. Stressed to Death: The Role of Transcription Factors in Plant Programmed Cell Death Induced by Abiotic and Biotic Stimuli. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1235. [PMID: 32903426 PMCID: PMC7434935 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically controlled pathway that plants can use to selectively eliminate redundant or damaged cells. In addition to its fundamental role in plant development, PCD can often be activated as an essential defense response when dealing with biotic and abiotic stresses. For example, localized, tightly controlled PCD can promote plant survival by restricting pathogen growth, driving the development of morphological traits for stress tolerance such as aerenchyma, or triggering systemic pro-survival responses. Relatively little is known about the molecular control of this essential process in plants, especially in comparison to well-described cell death models in animals. However, the networks orchestrating transcriptional regulation of plant PCD are emerging. Transcription factors (TFs) regulate the clusters of stimuli inducible genes and play a fundamental role in plant responses, such as PCD, to abiotic and biotic stresses. Here, we discuss the roles of different classes of transcription factors, including members of NAC, ERF and WRKY families, in cell fate regulation in response to environmental stresses. The role of TFs in stress-induced mitochondrial retrograde signaling is also reviewed in the context of life-and-death decisions of the plant cell and future research directions for further elucidation of TF-mediated control of stress-induced PCD events are proposed. An increased understanding of these complex signaling networks will inform and facilitate future breeding strategies to increase crop tolerance to disease and/or abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joanna Kacprzyk
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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25
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Asfaw KG, Liu Q, Xu X, Manz C, Purper S, Eghbalian R, Münch SW, Wehl I, Bräse S, Eiche E, Hause B, Bogeski I, Schepers U, Riemann M, Nick P. A mitochondria-targeted coenzyme Q peptoid induces superoxide dismutase and alleviates salinity stress in plant cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11563. [PMID: 32665569 PMCID: PMC7360622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a serious challenge to global agriculture and threatens human food security. Plant cells can respond to salt stress either by activation of adaptive responses, or by programmed cell death. The mechanisms deciding the respective response are far from understood, but seem to depend on the degree, to which mitochondria can maintain oxidative homeostasis. Using plant PeptoQ, a Trojan Peptoid, as vehicle, it is possible to transport a coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) derivative into plant mitochondria. We show that salinity stress in tobacco BY-2 cells (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Bright Yellow-2) can be mitigated by pretreatment with plant PeptoQ with respect to numerous aspects including proliferation, expansion, redox homeostasis, and programmed cell death. We tested the salinity response for transcripts from nine salt-stress related-genes representing different adaptive responses. While most did not show any significant response, the salt response of the transcription factor NtNAC, probably involved in mitochondrial retrograde signaling, was significantly modulated by the plant PeptoQ. Most strikingly, transcripts for the mitochondrial, Mn-dependent Superoxide Dismutase were rapidly and drastically upregulated in presence of the peptoid, and this response was disappearing in presence of salt. The same pattern, albeit at lower amplitude, was seen for the sodium exporter SOS1. The findings are discussed by a model, where plant PeptoQ modulates retrograde signalling to the nucleus leading to a strong expression of mitochondrial SOD, what renders mitochondria more resilient to perturbations of oxidative balance, such that cells escape salt induced cell death and remain viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinfemichael Geressu Asfaw
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Qiong Liu
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Xiaolu Xu
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christina Manz
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sabine Purper
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rose Eghbalian
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stephan W Münch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry I, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ilona Wehl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry I, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry I, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Eiche
- Institute of Applied Geochemistry (AGW), Geochemistry and Economic Geology Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20b, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Molecular Physiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry I, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Riemann
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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26
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Gong Q, Li S, Zheng Y, Duan H, Xiao F, Zhuang Y, He J, Wu G, Zhao S, Zhou H, Lin H. SUMOylation of MYB30 enhances salt tolerance by elevating alternative respiration via transcriptionally upregulating AOX1a in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:1157-1171. [PMID: 31951058 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress reduces crop growth and productivity globally. Here we report that a R2R3-MYB transcription factor MYB30 participates in salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. MYB30 can be SUMOylated by SIZ1 in response to salt stress and the lysine (K)283 of MYB30 is essential for its SUMOylation. In contrast to wild-type MYB30, the MYB30K283R mutant failed to rescue the salt-sensitive phenotype of the myb30-2 mutant, indicating that SUMOylation of MYB30 is required for the salt-stress response. Through transcriptomic analysis, we identified a MYB30 target, alternative oxidase 1a (AOX1a). MYB30 binds the promoter of AOX1a and upregulates its expression in response to salt stress; however, MYB30K283R cannot bind the promoter of AOX1a. The cyanide (CN)-resistant alternative respiration (Alt) mediated by AOX is significantly reduced in the myb30-2 mutant through the loss of function of MYB30. As a result, the redox homeostasis is disrupted in the myb30-2 mutant compared with that in wild-type seedlings (WT) under salt conditions. The artificial elimination of excess reactive oxygen species partially rescues the salt-sensitive phenotype of the myb30-2 mutant, whereas after the exogenous application of SHAM, an inhibitor of AOXs and Alt respiration, the salt tolerance of Col-0 and the complemented plants decreased to a level similar to that observed in myb30-2. Finally, overexpression of AOX1a in myb30-2 confers WT-like salt tolerance compared with that of the myb30-2 mutant. Taken together, our results revealed a functional link between MYB30 and AOX1a, and indicated that SIZ1-mediated SUMOylation of MYB30 enhances salt tolerance by regulating Alt respiration and cellular redox homeostasis via AOX1a in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Sha Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Hongqin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yufen Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jiaxian He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Guochun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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27
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Merendino L, Courtois F, Grübler B, Bastien O, Straetmanns V, Chevalier F, Lerbs-Mache S, Lurin C, Pfannschmidt T. Retrograde signals from mitochondria reprogramme skoto-morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana via alternative oxidase 1a. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190567. [PMID: 32362252 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The early steps in germination and development of angiosperm seedlings often occur in the dark, inducing a special developmental programme called skoto-morphogenesis. Under these conditions photosynthesis cannot work and all energetic requirements must be fulfilled by mitochondrial metabolization of storage energies. Here, we report the physiological impact of mitochondrial dysfunctions on the skoto-morphogenic programme by using the Arabidopsis rpoTmp mutant. This mutant is defective in the T7-phage-type organellar RNA polymerase shared by plastids and mitochondria. Lack of this enzyme causes a mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in a strongly reduced mitochondrial respiratory chain and a compensatory upregulation of the alternative-oxidase (AOX)-dependent respiration. Surprisingly, the mutant exhibits a triple-response-like phenotype with a twisted apical hook and a shortened hypocotyl. Highly similar phenotypes were detected in other respiration mutants (rug3 and atphb3) and in WT seedlings treated with the respiration inhibitor KCN. Further genetic and molecular data suggest that the observed skoto-morphogenic alterations are specifically dependent on the activity of the AOX1a enzyme. Microarray analyses indicated that a retrograde signal from mitochondria activates the ANAC017-dependent pathway which controls the activation of AOX1A transcription. In sum, our analysis identifies AOX as a functional link that couples the formation of a triple-response-like phenotype to mitochondrial dysfunction. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Merendino
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université, d'Evry, 91405 Orsay, France.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Florence Courtois
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Björn Grübler
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Bastien
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vera Straetmanns
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chevalier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Silva Lerbs-Mache
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Lurin
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université, d'Evry, 91405 Orsay, France.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Pfannschmidt
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, INRAE, CEA, IRIG-LPCV, 38000 Grenoble, France
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28
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Wang Y, Selinski J, Mao C, Zhu Y, Berkowitz O, Whelan J. Linking mitochondrial and chloroplast retrograde signalling in plants. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190410. [PMID: 32362265 PMCID: PMC7209950 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrograde signalling refers to the regulation of nuclear gene expression in response to functional changes in organelles. In plants, the two energy-converting organelles, mitochondria and chloroplasts, are tightly coordinated to balance their activities. Although our understanding of components involved in retrograde signalling has greatly increased in the last decade, studies on the regulation of the two organelle signalling pathways have been largely independent. Thus, the mechanism of how mitochondrial and chloroplastic retrograde signals are integrated is largely unknown. Here, we summarize recent findings on the function of mitochondrial signalling components and their links to chloroplast retrograde responses. From this, a picture emerges showing that the major regulators are integrators of both organellar retrograde signalling pathways. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chunli Mao
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiao Zhu
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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29
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Nakamura M, Noguchi K. Tolerant mechanisms to O 2 deficiency under submergence conditions in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:343-371. [PMID: 32185673 PMCID: PMC7214491 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Wetland plants can tolerate long-term strict hypoxia and anoxic conditions and the subsequent re-oxidative stress compared to terrestrial plants. During O2 deficiency, both wetland and terrestrial plants use NAD(P)+ and ATP that are produced during ethanol fermentation, sucrose degradation, and major amino acid metabolisms. The oxidation of NADH by non-phosphorylating pathways in the mitochondrial respiratory chain is common in both terrestrial and wetland plants. As the wetland plants enhance and combine these traits especially in their roots, they can survive under long-term hypoxic and anoxic stresses. Wetland plants show two contrasting strategies, low O2 escape and low O2 quiescence strategies (LOES and LOQS, respectively). Differences between two strategies are ascribed to the different signaling networks related to phytohormones. During O2 deficiency, LOES-type plants show several unique traits such as shoot elongation, aerenchyma formation and leaf acclimation, whereas the LOQS-type plants cease their growth and save carbohydrate reserves. Many wetland plants utilize NH4+ as the nitrogen (N) source without NH4+-dependent respiratory increase, leading to efficient respiratory O2 consumption in roots. In contrast, some wetland plants with high O2 supply system efficiently use NO3- from the soil where nitrification occurs. The differences in the N utilization strategies relate to the different systems of anaerobic ATP production, the NO2--driven ATP production and fermentation. The different N utilization strategies are functionally related to the hypoxia or anoxia tolerance in the wetland plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoka Nakamura
- Department of Bio-Production, Faculty of Bio-Industry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan.
| | - Ko Noguchi
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
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30
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Dourmap C, Roque S, Morin A, Caubrière D, Kerdiles M, Béguin K, Perdoux R, Reynoud N, Bourdet L, Audebert PA, Moullec JL, Couée I. Stress signalling dynamics of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system in higher plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 125:721-736. [PMID: 31711195 PMCID: PMC7182585 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria play a diversity of physiological and metabolic roles under conditions of abiotic or biotic stress. They may be directly subjected to physico-chemical constraints, and they are also involved in integrative responses to environmental stresses through their central position in cell nutrition, respiration, energy balance and biosyntheses. In plant cells, mitochondria present various biochemical peculiarities, such as cyanide-insensitive alternative respiration, and, besides integration with ubiquitous eukaryotic compartments, their functioning must be coupled with plastid functioning. Moreover, given the sessile lifestyle of plants, their relative lack of protective barriers and present threats of climate change, the plant cell is an attractive model to understand the mechanisms of stress/organelle/cell integration in the context of environmental stress responses. SCOPE The involvement of mitochondria in this integration entails a complex network of signalling, which has not been fully elucidated, because of the great diversity of mitochondrial constituents (metabolites, reactive molecular species and structural and regulatory biomolecules) that are linked to stress signalling pathways. The present review analyses the complexity of stress signalling connexions that are related to the mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation system, and how they can be involved in stress perception and transduction, signal amplification or cell stress response modulation. CONCLUSIONS Plant mitochondria are endowed with a diversity of multi-directional hubs of stress signalling that lead to regulatory loops and regulatory rheostats, whose functioning can amplify and diversify some signals or, conversely, dampen and reduce other signals. Involvement in a wide range of abiotic and biotic responses also implies that mitochondrial stress signalling could result in synergistic or conflicting outcomes during acclimation to multiple and complex stresses, such as those arising from climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Dourmap
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Solène Roque
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Amélie Morin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Damien Caubrière
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Margaux Kerdiles
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Kyllian Béguin
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Romain Perdoux
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Reynoud
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Lucile Bourdet
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Audebert
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Julien Le Moullec
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Ivan Couée
- Université de Rennes 1, Department of Life Sciences and Environment, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS ECOBIO (Ecosystems-Biodiversity-Evolution) – UMR 6553, Rennes, France
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Sunil B, Rajsheel P, Aswani V, Bapatla RB, Talla SK, Raghavendra AS. Photosynthesis is sensitive to nitric oxide and respiration sensitive to hydrogen peroxide: Studies with pea mesophyll protoplasts. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 246-247:153133. [PMID: 32065920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Reports on the effect of nitric oxide (NO) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) on photosynthesis and respiration in leaf tissues are intriguing; therefore, the effects of exogenous addition of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, releases NO) or H2O2 on the photosynthetic O2 evolution and respiratory O2 uptake by mesophyll protoplasts in pea (Pisum sativum) were evaluated in the present study. Low concentrations of SNP or H2O2 were used to minimize nonspecific effects. The effects of NO or H2O2 on respiration and photosynthesis were different. The presence of NO decreased the rate of photosynthesis but caused a marginal stimulation of dark respiration. Conversely, externally administered H2O2 drastically decreased the rate of respiration but only slightly decreased photosynthesis. The PS I activity was more sensitive to NO than PS II. On the other hand, 100 μM H2O2 had no effect on the photochemical reactions of either PS I or PS II. The sensitivity of photosynthesis to antimycin A or SHAM (reflecting the interplay between chloroplasts and mitochondria) was not affected by NO. By contrast, H2O2 markedly decreased the sensitivity of photosynthesis to antimycin A and SHAM. It can be concluded that chloroplasts are the primary targets of NO, while mitochondria are the primary targets of ROS in plant cells. We propose that H2O2 can be an important signal to modulate the crosstalk between chloroplasts and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobba Sunil
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Pidakala Rajsheel
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Vetcha Aswani
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Ramesh B Bapatla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Sai K Talla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Agepati S Raghavendra
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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Poór P. Effects of Salicylic Acid on the Metabolism of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E341. [PMID: 32098073 PMCID: PMC7072379 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Different abiotic and biotic stresses lead to the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various cell organelles such as in mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress, inducing defense responses or programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. In response to oxidative stress, cells activate various cytoprotective responses, enhancing the antioxidant system, increasing the activity of alternative oxidase and degrading the oxidized proteins. Oxidative stress responses are orchestrated by several phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA). The biomolecule SA is a key regulator in mitochondria-mediated defense signaling and PCD, but the mode of its action is not known in full detail. In this review, the current knowledge on the multifaceted role of SA in mitochondrial ROS metabolism is summarized to gain a better understanding of SA-regulated processes at the subcellular level in plant defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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33
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Garmash EV, Velegzhaninov IO, Ermolina KV, Rybak AV, Malyshev RV. Altered levels of AOX1a expression result in changes in metabolic pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana plants acclimated to low dose rates of ultraviolet B radiation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 291:110332. [PMID: 31928662 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
UV-B is a damaging component of solar radiation that inevitably reaches the Earth's surface. Plants have developed response mechanisms to adapt to UVB exposure. The alternative oxidase (AOX) catalyzes the ATP-uncoupling cyanide-resistant alternative pathway (AP) in plant mitochondria and is thought to be an important part of the cellular defense network under stress conditions. This study aimed to unravel the poorly understood functional significance of AOX1a induction in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves exposed to ecologically relevant doses of UVB radiation, by comparing wild-type (WT) plants with plants with modified expression of the AOX1a gene, either downregulated by antisense (AS-12) or overexpressed (XX-2). UVB exposure resulted in a phenotypic difference between lines. AOX1a overexpression resulted in the highest induction of AOX1A synthesis and MnSOD activity, and the lowest ROS level without pronounced changes in the phenotype relative to other genotypes. In AS-12 plants, expression of the majority of the genes encoding AOX was detected, other non-phosphorylating pathway components and antioxidant enzymes increased along with anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, and the ROS content was lower than in the WT. In addition to the expected AOX1 protein size (34 kDa), an AOX1 30 kDa band appeared under UVB exposure in all genotypes. However, in AS-12, the alterations in the transcript level and in the abundance of AOX1 protein isoforms induced by UVB could not fully functionally compensate for the lack of AOX1A. This was confirmed by the observed low AP capacity and increased levels of the oxidized form of ascorbate. These results highlight the importance of AOX in plant response to UVB for the control of a balanced metabolism, and indicate that AOX1a plays a key role in the regulation of the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Garmash
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.
| | - Ilya O Velegzhaninov
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Ksenia V Ermolina
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Anna V Rybak
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Ruslan V Malyshev
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
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Omidbakhshfard MA, Sujeeth N, Gupta S, Omranian N, Guinan KJ, Brotman Y, Nikoloski Z, Fernie AR, Mueller-Roeber B, Gechev TS. A Biostimulant Obtained from the Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum Protects Arabidopsis thaliana from Severe Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E474. [PMID: 31940839 PMCID: PMC7013732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses cause oxidative damage in plants. Here, we demonstrate that foliar application of an extract from the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, SuperFifty (SF), largely prevents paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. While PQ-stressed plants develop necrotic lesions, plants pre-treated with SF (i.e., primed plants) were unaffected by PQ. Transcriptome analysis revealed induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) marker genes, genes involved in ROS-induced programmed cell death, and autophagy-related genes after PQ treatment. These changes did not occur in PQ-stressed plants primed with SF. In contrast, upregulation of several carbohydrate metabolism genes, growth, and hormone signaling as well as antioxidant-related genes were specific to SF-primed plants. Metabolomic analyses revealed accumulation of the stress-protective metabolite maltose and the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates fumarate and malate in SF-primed plants. Lipidome analysis indicated that those lipids associated with oxidative stress-induced cell death and chloroplast degradation, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs), declined upon SF priming. Our study demonstrated that SF confers tolerance to PQ-induced oxidative stress in A. thaliana, an effect achieved by modulating a range of processes at the transcriptomic, metabolic, and lipid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Omidbakhshfard
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (M.A.O.); (S.G.); (N.O.); (Y.B.); (A.R.F.); (B.M.-R.)
| | - Neerakkal Sujeeth
- BioAtlantis Ltd., Clash Industrial Estate, Tralee, V92 RWV5 Co. Kerry, Ireland;
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (M.A.O.); (S.G.); (N.O.); (Y.B.); (A.R.F.); (B.M.-R.)
- Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Nooshin Omranian
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (M.A.O.); (S.G.); (N.O.); (Y.B.); (A.R.F.); (B.M.-R.)
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;
| | - Kieran J. Guinan
- BioAtlantis Ltd., Clash Industrial Estate, Tralee, V92 RWV5 Co. Kerry, Ireland;
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (M.A.O.); (S.G.); (N.O.); (Y.B.); (A.R.F.); (B.M.-R.)
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;
- Department of Molecular Stress Physiology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (M.A.O.); (S.G.); (N.O.); (Y.B.); (A.R.F.); (B.M.-R.)
- Department of Molecular Stress Physiology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (M.A.O.); (S.G.); (N.O.); (Y.B.); (A.R.F.); (B.M.-R.)
- Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Department of Molecular Stress Physiology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Tsanko S. Gechev
- Department of Molecular Stress Physiology, Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 139 Ruski blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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35
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Sweetman C, Waterman CD, Rainbird BM, Smith PMC, Jenkins CD, Day DA, Soole KL. AtNDB2 Is the Main External NADH Dehydrogenase in Mitochondria and Is Important for Tolerance to Environmental Stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 181:774-788. [PMID: 31409698 PMCID: PMC6776847 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the classical electron transport pathway coupled to ATP synthesis, plant mitochondria have an alternative pathway that involves type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenases (NDs) and alternative oxidase (AOX). This alternative pathway participates in thermogenesis in select organs of some species and is thought to help prevent cellular damage during exposure to environmental stress. Here, we investigated the function and role of one alternative path component, AtNDB2, using a transgenic approach in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Disruption of AtNDB2 expression via T-DNA insertion led to a 90% decrease of external NADH oxidation in isolated mitochondria. Overexpression of AtNDB2 led to increased AtNDB2 protein abundance in mitochondria but did not enhance external NADH oxidation significantly unless AtAOX1A was concomitantly overexpressed and activated, demonstrating a functional link between these enzymes. Plants lacking either AtAOX1A or AtNDB2 were more sensitive to combined drought and elevated light treatments, whereas plants overexpressing these components showed increased tolerance and capacity for poststress recovery. We conclude that AtNDB2 is the predominant external NADH dehydrogenase in mitochondria and together with AtAOX1A forms a complete, functional, nonphosphorylating pathway of electron transport, whose operation enhances tolerance to environmental stress. This study demonstrates that at least one of the alternative NDs, as well as AOX, are important for the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Sweetman
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Christopher D Waterman
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Barry M Rainbird
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Penelope M C Smith
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Latrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Colin D Jenkins
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - David A Day
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Kathleen L Soole
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
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36
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Sá JM, Kaslow SR, Moraes Barros RR, Brazeau NF, Parobek CM, Tao D, Salzman RE, Gibson TJ, Velmurugan S, Krause MA, Melendez-Muniz V, Kite WA, Han PK, Eastman RT, Kim A, Kessler EG, Abebe Y, James ER, Chakravarty S, Orr-Gonzalez S, Lambert LE, Engels T, Thomas ML, Fasinu PS, Serre D, Gwadz RW, Walker L, DeConti DK, Mu J, Bailey JA, Sim BKL, Hoffman SL, Fay MP, Dinglasan RR, Juliano JJ, Wellems TE. Plasmodium vivax chloroquine resistance links to pvcrt transcription in a genetic cross. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4300. [PMID: 31541097 PMCID: PMC6754410 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12256-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mainstay treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria has long relied on chloroquine (CQ) against blood-stage parasites plus primaquine against dormant liver-stage forms (hypnozoites), however drug resistance confronts this regimen and threatens malaria control programs. Understanding the basis of P. vivax chloroquine resistance (CQR) will inform drug discovery and malaria control. Here we investigate the genetics of P. vivax CQR by a cross of parasites differing in drug response. Gametocytogenesis, mosquito infection, and progeny production are performed with mixed parasite populations in nonhuman primates, as methods for P. vivax cloning and in vitro cultivation remain unavailable. Linkage mapping of progeny surviving >15 mg/kg CQ identifies a 76 kb region in chromosome 1 including pvcrt, an ortholog of the Plasmodium falciparum CQR transporter gene. Transcriptional analysis supports upregulated pvcrt expression as a mechanism of CQR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M Sá
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sarah R Kaslow
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Roberto R Moraes Barros
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas F Brazeau
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Christian M Parobek
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Dingyin Tao
- W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Rebecca E Salzman
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tyler J Gibson
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | - Michael A Krause
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Viviana Melendez-Muniz
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Whitney A Kite
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Paul K Han
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Richard T Eastman
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Adam Kim
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Evan G Kessler
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sachy Orr-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lynn E Lambert
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Theresa Engels
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marvin L Thomas
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pius S Fasinu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA
| | - David Serre
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Robert W Gwadz
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Larry Walker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA
| | - Derrick K DeConti
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Bailey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC, 27506, USA
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | | | | | - Michael P Fay
- Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Rhoel R Dinglasan
- W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jonathan J Juliano
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Thomas E Wellems
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Li L, Lavell A, Meng X, Berkowitz O, Selinski J, van de Meene A, Carrie C, Benning C, Whelan J, De Clercq I, Wang Y. Arabidopsis DGD1 SUPPRESSOR1 Is a Subunit of the Mitochondrial Contact Site and Cristae Organizing System and Affects Mitochondrial Biogenesis. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:1856-1878. [PMID: 31118221 PMCID: PMC6713299 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial and plastid biogenesis requires the biosynthesis and assembly of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the mitochondrial outer membrane protein DGD1 SUPPRESSOR1 (DGS1) is part of a large multi-subunit protein complex that contains the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system 60-kD subunit, the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40-kD subunit (TOM40), the TOM20s, and the Rieske FeS protein. A point mutation in DGS1, dgs1-1, altered the stability and protease accessibility of this complex. This altered mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial size, lipid content and composition, protein import, and respiratory capacity. Whole plant physiology was affected in the dgs1-1 mutant as evidenced by tolerance to imposed drought stress and altered transcriptional responses of markers of mitochondrial retrograde signaling. Putative orthologs of Arabidopsis DGS1 are conserved in eukaryotes, including the Nuclear Control of ATP Synthase2 (NCA2) protein in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), but lost in Metazoa. The genes encoding DGS1 and NCA2 are part of a similar coexpression network including genes encoding proteins involved in mitochondrial fission, morphology, and lipid homeostasis. Thus, DGS1 links mitochondrial protein and lipid import with cellular lipid homeostasis and whole plant stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anastasiya Lavell
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Xiangxiang Meng
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Chris Carrie
- Department Biologie I - Botanik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstrasse 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Christoph Benning
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Inge De Clercq
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
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Regulation of mitochondrial NAD pool via NAD + transporter 2 is essential for matrix NADH homeostasis and ROS production in Arabidopsis. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:991-1002. [PMID: 31168681 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-9563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in numerous biological processes in plants, including development, responses to environmental stimuli, and programmed cell death (PCD). Deficiency in MOSAIC DEATH 1 (MOD1), a plastid-localized enoyl-ACP reductase essential for de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, leads to the increased malate export from chloroplasts to mitochondria, and the subsequent accumulation of mitochondria-generated ROS and PCD. In this study, we report the identification and characterization of a mod1 suppressor, som592. SOM592 encodes mitochondrion-localized NAD+ transporter 2 (NDT2). We show that the mitochondrial NAD pool is elevated in the mod1 mutant. The som592 mutation fully suppressed mitochondrial NADH hyper-accumulation, ROS production, and PCD in the mod1 mutant, indicating a causal relationship between mitochondrial NAD accumulation and ROS/PCD phenotypes. We also show that in wild-type plants, the mitochondrial NAD+ uptake is involved in the regulation of ROS production in response to continuous photoperiod. Elevation of the alternative respiration pathway can suppress ROS accumulation and PCD in mod1, but leads to growth restriction. These findings uncover a regulatory mechanism for mitochondrial ROS production via NADH homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana that is likely important for growth regulation in response to altered photoperiod.
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Xu Y, Berkowitz O, Narsai R, De Clercq I, Hooi M, Bulone V, Van Breusegem F, Whelan J, Wang Y. Mitochondrial function modulates touch signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 97:623-645. [PMID: 30537160 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to short- and long-term mechanical stimuli, via altered transcript abundance and growth respectively. Jasmonate, gibberellic acid and calcium have been implicated in mediating responses to mechanical stimuli. Previously it has been shown that the transcript abundance for the outer mitochondrial membrane protein of 66 kDa (OM66), is induced several fold after 30 min in response to touch. Therefore, the effect of mitochondrial function on the response to mechanical stimulation by touch at 30 min was investigated. Twenty-five mutants targeting mitochondrial function or regulators revealed that all affected the touch transcriptome. Double and triple mutants revealed synergistic or antagonistic effects following the observed responses in the single mutants. Changes in the touch-responsive transcriptome were localised, recurring with repeated rounds of stimulus. The gene expression kinetics after repeated touch were complex, displaying five distinct patterns. These transcriptomic responses were altered by some regulators of mitochondrial retrograde signalling, such as cyclic dependent protein kinase E1, a kinase protein in the mediator complex, and KIN10 (SnRK1 - sucrose non-fermenting related protein kinase 1), revealing an overlap between the touch response and mitochondrial stress signalling and alternative mitochondrial metabolic pathways. Regulatory network analyses revealed touch-induced stress responses and suppressed growth and biosynthetic processes. Interaction with the phytohormone signalling pathways indicated that ethylene and gibberellic acid had the greatest effect. Hormone measurements revealed that mutations of genes that encoded mitochondrial proteins altered hormone concentrations. Mitochondrial function modulates touch-induced changes in gene expression directly through altered regulatory networks, and indirectly via altering hormonal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Reena Narsai
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Inge De Clercq
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, (Technologiepark 71), 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, (Technologiepark 71), 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michelle Hooi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls and Adelaide Glycomics, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, Australia
| | - Vincent Bulone
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls and Adelaide Glycomics, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, Australia
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, (Technologiepark 71), 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, (Technologiepark 71), 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia
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Bedini A, Mercy L, Schneider C, Franken P, Lucic-Mercy E. Unraveling the Initial Plant Hormone Signaling, Metabolic Mechanisms and Plant Defense Triggering the Endomycorrhizal Symbiosis Behavior. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1800. [PMID: 30619390 PMCID: PMC6304697 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish probably one of the oldest mutualistic relationships with the roots of most plants on earth. The wide distribution of these fungi in almost all soil ecotypes and the broad range of host plant species demonstrate their strong plasticity to cope with various environmental conditions. AM fungi elaborate fine-tuned molecular interactions with plants that determine their spread within root cortical tissues. Interactions with endomycorrhizal fungi can bring various benefits to plants, such as improved nutritional status, higher photosynthesis, protection against biotic and abiotic stresses based on regulation of many physiological processes which participate in promoting plant performances. In turn, host plants provide a specific habitat as physical support and a favorable metabolic frame, allowing uptake and assimilation of compounds required for the life cycle completion of these obligate biotrophic fungi. The search for formal and direct evidences of fungal energetic needs raised strong motivated projects since decades, but the impossibility to produce AM fungi under axenic conditions remains a deep enigma and still feeds numerous debates. Here, we review and discuss the initial favorable and non-favorable metabolic plant context that may fate the mycorrhizal behavior, with a focus on hormone interplays and their links with mitochondrial respiration, carbon partitioning and plant defense system, structured according to the action of phosphorus as a main limiting factor for mycorrhizal symbiosis. Then, we provide with models and discuss their significances to propose metabolic targets that could allow to develop innovations for the production and application of AM fungal inocula.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Philipp Franken
- Department of Plant Physiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau Großbeeren/Erfurt, Großbeeren, Germany
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41
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Zhu T, Zou L, Li Y, Yao X, Xu F, Deng X, Zhang D, Lin H. Mitochondrial alternative oxidase-dependent autophagy involved in ethylene-mediated drought tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:2063-2076. [PMID: 29729068 PMCID: PMC6230944 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) is involved in a large number of plant physiological processes, such as growth, development and stress responses; however, the exact role of AOX in response to drought remains unclear. In our study, we provide solid evidences that the activated AOX capacity positively involved in ethylene-induced drought tolerance, in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), accompanied by the changing level of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and autophagy. In AOX1a-RNAi plants, the ethylene-induced drought tolerance was aggravated and associated with decreasing level of autophagy. The H2 O2 level was relatively higher in AOX1a-RNAi plants, whereas it was lower in AOX1a-overexpressing (35S-AOX1a-OE) plants after 1-(aminocarbonyl)-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACC) pretreatment in the 14th day under drought stress. Interestingly, the accumulation of autophagosome was accompanied by the changing level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in AOX transgenic tomato under drought stress whether or not pretreated with ACC. Pharmacological scavenging of H2 O2 accumulation in AOX1a-RNAi (aox19) stimulated autophagy acceleration under drought stress, and it seems that AOX-dependent ROS signalling is critical in triggering autophagy. Lower levels of ROS signalling positively induce autophagy activity, whereas higher ROS level would lead to rapid programmed cell death (PCD), especially in ethylene-mediated drought tolerance. Moreover, ethylene-induced autophagy during drought stress also can be through ERF5 binding to the promoters of ATG8d and ATG18h. These results demonstrated that AOX plays an essential role in ethylene-induced drought tolerance and also played important roles in mediating autophagy generation via balancing ROS level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Life Science and Technology College and Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceMianyang Normal UniversityMianyangChina
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xiuhong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Fei Xu
- Life Science and BiotechnologyWuhan Bioengineering InstituteWuhanChina
| | - Xingguang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Resources and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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Selinski J, Scheibe R, Day DA, Whelan J. Alternative Oxidase Is Positive for Plant Performance. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:588-597. [PMID: 29665989 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The alternative pathway of mitochondrial electron transport, which terminates in the alternative oxidase (AOX), uncouples oxidation of substrate from mitochondrial ATP production, yet plant performance is improved under adverse growth conditions. AOX is regulated at different levels. Identification of regulatory transcription factors shows that Arabidopsis thaliana AOX1a is under strong transcriptional suppression. At the protein level, the primary structure is not optimised for activity. Maximal activity requires the presence of various metabolites, such as tricarboxylic acid-cycle intermediates that act in an isoform-specific manner. In this opinion article we propose that the regulatory mechanisms that keep AOX activity suppressed, at both the gene and protein level, are positive for plant performance due to the flexible short- and long-term fine-tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Renate Scheibe
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrueck, D-49069 Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - David A Day
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Science, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
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Wang Y, Berkowitz O, Selinski J, Xu Y, Hartmann A, Whelan J. Stress responsive mitochondrial proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:28-39. [PMID: 29555593 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade plant mitochondria have emerged as a target, sensor and initiator of signalling cascades to a variety of stress and adverse growth conditions. A combination of various 'omic profiling approaches combined with forward and reverse genetic studies have defined how mitochondria respond to stress and the signalling pathways and regulators of these responses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent and -independent pathways, specific metabolites, complex I dysfunction, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway have been proposed to date. These pathways are regulated by kinases (sucrose non-fermenting response like kinase; cyclin dependent protein kinase E 1) and transcription factors from the abscisic acid-related, WRKY and NAC families. A number of independent studies have revealed that these mitochondrial signalling pathways interact with a variety of phytohormone signalling pathways. While this represents significant progress in the last decade there are more pathways to be uncovered. Post-transcriptional/translational regulation is also a likely determinant of the mitochondrial stress response. Unbiased analyses of the expression of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins in a variety of stress conditions reveal a modular network exerting a high degree of anterograde control. As abiotic and biotic stresses have significant impact on the yield of important crops such as rice, wheat and barley we will give an outlook of how knowledge gained in Arabidopsis may help to increase crop production and how emerging technologies may contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Selinski
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas Hartmann
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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44
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Wagner S, Van Aken O, Elsässer M, Schwarzländer M. Mitochondrial Energy Signaling and Its Role in the Low-Oxygen Stress Response of Plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:1156-1170. [PMID: 29298823 PMCID: PMC5813528 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular responses to low-oxygen stress and to respiratory inhibitors share common mitochondrial energy signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Wagner
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Marlene Elsässer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Botany (IZMB), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48143 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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45
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Cavalcanti JHF, Quinhones CGS, Schertl P, Brito DS, Eubel H, Hildebrandt T, Nunes-Nesi A, Braun HP, Araújo WL. Differential impact of amino acids on OXPHOS system activity following carbohydrate starvation in Arabidopsis cell suspensions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2017; 161:451-467. [PMID: 28767134 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant respiration mostly depends on the activity of glycolysis and the oxidation of organic acids in the tricarboxylic acid cycle to synthesize ATP. However, during stress situations plant cells also use amino acids as alternative substrates to donate electrons through the electron-transfer flavoprotein (ETF)/ETF:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF/ETFQO) complex to the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC). Given this, we investigated changes of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system in Arabidopsis thaliana cell culture under carbohydrate starvation supplied with a range of amino acids. Induction of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVDH) activity was observed under carbohydrate starvation which was associated with increased amounts of IVDH protein detected by immunoblotting. Furthermore, activities of the protein complexes of the mETC were reduced under carbohydrate starvation. We also observed that OXPHOS system activity behavior is differently affected by different amino acids and that proteins associated with amino acids catabolism are upregulated in cells following carbohydrate starvation. Collectively, our results support the contention that ETF/ETFQO is an essential pathway to donate electrons to the mETC and that amino acids are alternative substrates to maintain respiration under carbohydrate starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Henrique F Cavalcanti
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carla G S Quinhones
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Schertl
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danielle S Brito
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Holger Eubel
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tatjana Hildebrandt
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Institut für Pflanzengenetik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- Max-Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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46
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Vanlerberghe GC, Martyn GD, Dahal K. Alternative oxidase: a respiratory electron transport chain pathway essential for maintaining photosynthetic performance during drought stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2016; 157:322-37. [PMID: 27080742 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis and respiration are the hubs of energy metabolism in plants. Drought strongly perturbs photosynthesis as a result of both diffusive limitations resulting from stomatal closure, and in some cases biochemical limitations that are associated with a reduced abundance of key photosynthetic components. The effects of drought on respiration, particularly respiration in the light (RL ), are less understood. The plant mitochondrial electron transport chain includes a non-energy conserving terminal oxidase called alternative oxidase (AOX). Several studies have shown that drought increases AOX transcript, protein and maximum capacity. Here we review recent studies comparing wild-type (WT) tobacco to transgenic lines with altered AOX protein amount. Specifically during drought, RL was compromised in AOX knockdown plants and enhanced in AOX overexpression plants, compared with WT. Significantly, these differences in RL were accompanied by dramatic differences in photosynthetic performance. Knockdown of AOX increased the susceptibility of photosynthesis to drought-induced biochemical limitations, while overexpression of AOX delayed the development of such biochemical limitations, compared with WT. Overall, the results indicate that AOX is essential to maintaining RL during drought, and that this non-energy conserving respiration maintains photosynthesis during drought by promoting energy balance in the chloroplast. This review also outlines several areas for future research, including the possibility that enhancement of non-energy conserving respiratory electron sinks may be a useful biotechnological approach to increase plant performance during stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg C Vanlerberghe
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C1A4, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C1A4, Canada
| | - Greg D Martyn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C1A4, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C1A4, Canada
| | - Keshav Dahal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C1A4, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, M1C1A4, Canada
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Van Aken O, De Clercq I, Ivanova A, Law SR, Van Breusegem F, Millar AH, Whelan J. Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Stress Responses Are Modulated in Distinct Touch and Chemical Inhibition Phases. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:2150-65. [PMID: 27208304 PMCID: PMC4936557 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified a range of transcription factors that modulate retrograde regulation of mitochondrial and chloroplast functions in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the relative importance of these regulators and whether they act downstream of separate or overlapping signaling cascades is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that multiple stress-related signaling pathways, with distinct kinetic signatures, converge on overlapping gene sets involved in energy organelle function. The transcription factor ANAC017 is almost solely responsible for transcript induction of marker genes around 3 to 6 h after chemical inhibition of organelle function and is a key regulator of mitochondrial and specific types of chloroplast retrograde signaling. However, an independent and highly transient gene expression phase, initiated within 10 to 30 min after treatment, also targets energy organelle functions, and is related to touch and wounding responses. Metabolite analysis demonstrates that this early response is concurrent with rapid changes in tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and large changes in transcript abundance of genes encoding mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier proteins. It was further demonstrated that transcription factors AtWRKY15 and AtWRKY40 have repressive regulatory roles in this touch-responsive gene expression. Together, our results show that several regulatory systems can independently affect energy organelle function in response to stress, providing different means to exert operational control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Van Aken
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia (O.V.A., A.I., A.H.M.);Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia (I.D.C., S.R.L.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.); andDepartment of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden (S.R.L.)
| | - Inge De Clercq
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia (O.V.A., A.I., A.H.M.);Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia (I.D.C., S.R.L.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.); andDepartment of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden (S.R.L.)
| | - Aneta Ivanova
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia (O.V.A., A.I., A.H.M.);Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia (I.D.C., S.R.L.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.); andDepartment of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden (S.R.L.)
| | - Simon R Law
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia (O.V.A., A.I., A.H.M.);Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia (I.D.C., S.R.L.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.); andDepartment of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden (S.R.L.)
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia (O.V.A., A.I., A.H.M.);Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia (I.D.C., S.R.L.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.); andDepartment of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden (S.R.L.)
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia (O.V.A., A.I., A.H.M.);Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia (I.D.C., S.R.L.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.); andDepartment of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden (S.R.L.)
| | - James Whelan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Western Australia, Australia (O.V.A., A.I., A.H.M.);Department of Botany, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia (I.D.C., S.R.L.);Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.);Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Gent, Belgium (I.D.C., F.V.B.); andDepartment of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden (S.R.L.)
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48
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Berkowitz O, De Clercq I, Van Breusegem F, Whelan J. Interaction between hormonal and mitochondrial signalling during growth, development and in plant defence responses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1127-39. [PMID: 26763171 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in plant metabolism as they are a major source of ATP through synthesis by the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and harbour key metabolic reactions such as the TCA cycle. The energy and building blocks produced by mitochondria are essential to drive plant growth and development as well as to provide fuel for responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. The majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nuclear genome and have to be imported into the organelle. For the regulation of the corresponding genes intricate signalling pathways exist to adjust their expression. Signals directly regulate nuclear gene expression (anterograde signalling) to adjust the protein composition of the mitochondria to the needs of the cell. In parallel, mitochondria communicate back their functional status to the nucleus (retrograde signalling) to prompt transcriptional regulation of responsive genes via largely unknown signalling mechanisms. Plant hormones are the major signalling components regulating all layers of plant development and cellular functions. Increasing evidence is now becoming available that plant hormones are also part of signalling networks controlling mitochondrial function and their biogenesis. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the interaction of mitochondrial and hormonal signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Inge De Clercq
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
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Yin G, Whelan J, Wu S, Zhou J, Chen B, Chen X, Zhang J, He J, Xin X, Lu X. Comprehensive Mitochondrial Metabolic Shift during the Critical Node of Seed Ageing in Rice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148013. [PMID: 27124767 PMCID: PMC4849721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical node (CN) in seed aging in rice (Oryza sativa) is the transformation from Phase I (P-I) to Phase II (P-II) of the reverse S-shaped curve (RS-SC). Although mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in seed ageing, the metabolic shift in the CN remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the mitochondrial regulatory mechanisms during the CN of rice seed ageing. We showed that during the CN of seed ageing, the mitochondrial ultrastructure was impaired, causing oxygen consumption to decrease, along with cytochrome c (cyt c) oxidase and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activity. In addition, the transcript levels for the alternative pathway of the electron transport chain (ETC) were significantly induced, whereas the transcripts of the cytochrome oxidase (COX) pathway were inhibited. These changes were concomitant with the down-regulation of mitochondrial protein levels related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism, ATP synthase (ATPase) complex, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle, mitochondrial oxidative enzymes, and a variety of other proteins. Therefore, while these responses inhibit the production of ATP and its intermediates, signals from mitochondria (such as the decrease of cyt c and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)) may also induce oxidative damage. These events provide considerable information about the mitochondrial metabolic shifts involved in the progression of seed ageing in the CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangkun Yin
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - James Whelan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Shuhua Wu
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Baoyin Chen
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jinmei Zhang
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Juanjuan He
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xia Xin
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- * E-mail: (XL); (XX)
| | - Xinxiong Lu
- National Genebank, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- * E-mail: (XL); (XX)
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Garcia L, Welchen E, Gey U, Arce AL, Steinebrunner I, Gonzalez DH. The cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis factor AtCOX17 modulates stress responses in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:628-44. [PMID: 26436309 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
COX17 is a soluble protein from the mitochondrial intermembrane space that participates in the transfer of copper for cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly in eukaryotic organisms. In this work, we studied the function of both Arabidopsis thaliana AtCOX17 genes using plants with altered expression levels of these genes. Silencing of AtCOX17-1 in a cox17-2 knockout background generates plants with smaller rosettes and decreased expression of genes involved in the response of plants to different stress conditions, including several genes that are induced by mitochondrial dysfunctions. Silencing of either of the AtCOX17 genes does not affect plant development or COX activity but causes a decrease in the response of genes to salt stress. In addition, these plants contain higher reactive oxygen and lipid peroxidation levels after irrigation with high NaCl concentrations and are less sensitive to abscisic acid. In agreement with a role of AtCOX17 in stress and abscisic acid responses, both AtCOX17 genes are induced by several stress conditions, abscisic acid and mutation of the transcription factor ABI4. The results indicate that AtCOX17 is required for optimal expression of a group of stress-responsive genes, probably as a component of signalling pathways that link stress conditions to gene expression responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Garcia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Uta Gey
- Technische Universität Dresden, Department of Biology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Agustín L Arce
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Iris Steinebrunner
- Technische Universität Dresden, Department of Biology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel H Gonzalez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
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