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Li T, Peng Z, Kangxi D, Inzé D, Dubois M. ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR6, A Central Regulator of Plant Growth in Response to Stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39360583 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR6 (ERF6) has emerged as a central player in stress-induced plant growth inhibition. It orchestrates complex pathways that enable plants to acclimate and thrive in challenging environments. In response to various abiotic and biotic stresses, ERF6 is promptly activated through both ethylene-dependent and -independent pathways, and contributes to enhanced stress tolerance mechanisms by activating a broad spectrum of genes at various developmental stages. Despite the crucial role of ERF6, there is currently a lack of published comprehensive insights into its function in plant growth and stress response. In this respect, based on the tight connection between ethylene and ERF6, we review the latest research findings on how ethylene regulates stress responses and the mechanisms involved. In addition, we summarize the trends and advances in ERF6-mediated plant performance under optimal and stressful conditions. Finally, we also highlight key questions and suggest potential paths to unravel the ERF6 regulon in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
| | - Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Du Kangxi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
| | - Marieke Dubois
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Gent, Belgium
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Zhou H, Meng F, Jiang W, Lu X, Zhang R, Huang A, Wu K, Deng P, Wang Y, Zhao H, Du Y, Huo J, Du X, Feng N, Zheng D. Potassium indole-3-butyric acid affects rice's adaptability to salt stress by regulating carbon metabolism, transcription factor genes expression, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1416936. [PMID: 39290739 PMCID: PMC11405336 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1416936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity pollution is increasing worldwide, seriously affecting plant growth and crop production. Existing reports on how potassium indole-3-butyric acid (IBAK) regulates rice salt stress adaptation by affecting rice carbon metabolism, transcription factor (TF) genes expression, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites still have limitations. In this study, an IBAK solution at 40 mg L-1 was sprayed on rice leaves at the seedling stage. The results showed that the IBAK application could promote shoot and root growth, decrease sucrose and fructose content, increase starch content, and enhance acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) activity under salt stress, indicating altered carbon allocation. Furthermore, the expression of TF genes belonging to the ethylene responsive factor (ERF), WRKY, and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) families was influenced by IBAK. Many key genes (OsSSIIc, OsSHM1, and OsPPDKB) and metabolites (2-oxoglutaric acid, fumaric acid, and succinic acid) were upregulated in the carbon metabolism pathway. In addition, this study highlighted the role of IBAK in regulating the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites pathway, potentially contributing to rice stress adaptability. The results of this study can provide new sustainable development solutions for agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Fengyan Meng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenxin Jiang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xutong Lu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Anqi Huang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Kunlun Wu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Peng Deng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Youwei Du
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jingxin Huo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaole Du
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Eysholdt-Derzsó E, Hause B, Sauter M, Schmidt-Schippers RR. Hypoxia reshapes Arabidopsis root architecture by integrating ERF-VII factor response and abscisic acid homoeostasis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2879-2894. [PMID: 38616485 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen limitation (hypoxia), arising as a key stress factor due to flooding, negatively affects plant development. Consequently, maintaining root growth under such stress is crucial for plant survival, yet we know little about the root system's adaptions to low-oxygen conditions and its regulation by phytohormones. In this study, we examine the impact of hypoxia and, herein, the regulatory role of group VII ETHYLENE-RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factors on root growth in Arabidopsis. We found lateral root (LR) elongation to be actively maintained by hypoxia via ERFVII factors, as erfVII seedlings possess hypersensitivity towards hypoxia regarding their LR growth. Pharmacological inhibition of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis revealed ERFVII-driven counteraction of hypoxia-induced inhibition of LR formation in an ABA-dependent manner. However, postemergence LR growth under hypoxia mediated by ERFVIIs was independent of ABA. In roots, ERFVIIs mediate, among others, the induction of ABA-degrading ABA 8'-hydroxylases CYP707A1 expression. RAP2.12 could activate the pCYC707A1:LUC reporter gene, indicating, combined with single mutant analyses, that this transcription factor regulates ABA levels through corresponding transcript upregulation. Collectively, hypoxia-induced adaptation of the Arabidopsis root system is shaped by developmental reprogramming, whereby ERFVII-dependent promotion of LR emergence, but not elongation, is partly executed through regulation of ABA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Romy R Schmidt-Schippers
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Institute of Biology, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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4
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Chandler JO, Wilhelmsson PKI, Fernandez-Pozo N, Graeber K, Arshad W, Pérez M, Steinbrecher T, Ullrich KK, Nguyen TP, Mérai Z, Mummenhoff K, Theißen G, Strnad M, Scheid OM, Schranz ME, Petřík I, Tarkowská D, Novák O, Rensing SA, Leubner-Metzger G. The dimorphic diaspore model Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae): Distinct molecular and morphological control of responses to parental and germination temperatures. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2465-2490. [PMID: 38513609 PMCID: PMC11218780 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Plants in habitats with unpredictable conditions often have diversified bet-hedging strategies that ensure fitness over a wider range of variable environmental factors. A striking example is the diaspore (seed and fruit) heteromorphism that evolved to maximize species survival in Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae) in which external and endogenous triggers allow the production of two distinct diaspores on the same plant. Using this dimorphic diaspore model, we identified contrasting molecular, biophysical, and ecophysiological mechanisms in the germination responses to different temperatures of the mucilaginous seeds (M+ seed morphs), the dispersed indehiscent fruits (IND fruit morphs), and the bare non-mucilaginous M- seeds obtained by pericarp (fruit coat) removal from IND fruits. Large-scale comparative transcriptome and hormone analyses of M+ seeds, IND fruits, and M- seeds provided comprehensive datasets for their distinct thermal responses. Morph-specific differences in co-expressed gene modules in seeds, as well as in seed and pericarp hormone contents, identified a role of the IND pericarp in imposing coat dormancy by generating hypoxia affecting abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity. This involved expression of morph-specific transcription factors, hypoxia response, and cell wall remodeling genes, as well as altered ABA metabolism, transport, and signaling. Parental temperature affected ABA contents and ABA-related gene expression and altered IND pericarp biomechanical properties. Elucidating the molecular framework underlying the diaspore heteromorphism can provide insight into developmental responses to globally changing temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake O Chandler
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Per K I Wilhelmsson
- Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Noe Fernandez-Pozo
- Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany
- Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture “La Mayora” (IHSM-CSIC-UMA), Málaga 29010, Spain
| | - Kai Graeber
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Waheed Arshad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Marta Pérez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Tina Steinbrecher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Kristian K Ullrich
- Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - Thu-Phuong Nguyen
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, PB Wageningen 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Zsuzsanna Mérai
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Klaus Mummenhoff
- Department of Biology, Botany, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück 49076, Germany
| | - Günter Theißen
- Matthias Schleiden Institute/Department of Genetics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Ortrun Mittelsten Scheid
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - M Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, PB Wageningen 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Ivan Petřík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan A Rensing
- Plant Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany
- Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Gerhard Leubner-Metzger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
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Liu B, Zheng Y, Lou S, Liu M, Wang W, Feng X, Zhang H, Song Y, Liu H. Coordination between two cis-elements of WRKY33, bound by the same transcription factor, confers humid adaption in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:30. [PMID: 38503847 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
To cope with flooding-induced hypoxia, plants have evolved different strategies. Molecular strategies, such as the N-degron pathway and transcriptional regulation, are known to be crucial for Arabidopsis thaliana's hypoxia response. Our study uncovered a novel molecular strategy that involves a single transcription factor interacting with two identical cis-elements, one located in the promoter region and the other within the intron. This unique double-element adjustment mechanism has seldom been reported in previous studies. In humid areas, WRKY70 plays a crucial role in A. thaliana's adaptation to submergence-induced hypoxia by binding to identical cis-elements in both the promoter and intron regions of WRKY33. This dual binding enhances WRKY33 expression and the activation of hypoxia-related genes. Conversely, in arid regions lacking the promoter cis-element, WRKY70 only binds to the intron cis-element, resulting in limited WRKY33 expression during submergence stress. The presence of a critical promoter cis-element in humid accessions, but not in dry accessions, indicates a coordinated regulation enabling A. thaliana to adapt and thrive in humid habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yudan Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shangling Lou
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaoqin Feng
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yan Song
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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6
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Swain J, Shukla V, Licausi F, Gupta KJ. Unearthing the secrets of ERFVIIs: new insights into hypoxia signaling. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:275-277. [PMID: 37951810 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Group VII ethylene-responsive factor (ERFVII) transcription factors are crucial for the adaption of plants to conditions that limit oxygen availability. A recent study by Zubrycka et al. reveals new aspects of ERFVII stabilization through the PLANT CYSTEINE OXIDASE (PCO)-N degron pathway and non-autonomous regulation in response to different endogenous and exogenous cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagannath Swain
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Vinay Shukla
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX13RB, UK
| | - Francesco Licausi
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX13RB, UK
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7
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Berthelier TH, Cabanac SC, Callot C, Bellec A, Mathé C, Jamet E, Dunand C. Evolutionary Analysis of Six Gene Families Part of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Gene Network in Three Brassicaceae Species. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1938. [PMID: 38339216 PMCID: PMC10856686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is expected to intensify the occurrence of abiotic stress in plants, such as hypoxia and salt stresses, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which need to be effectively managed by various oxido-reductases encoded by the so-called ROS gene network. Here, we studied six oxido-reductases families in three Brassicaceae species, Arabidopsis thaliana as well as Nasturtium officinale and Eutrema salsugineum, which are adapted to hypoxia and salt stress, respectively. Using available and new genomic data, we performed a phylogenomic analysis and compared RNA-seq data to study genomic and transcriptomic adaptations. This comprehensive approach allowed for the gaining of insights into the impact of the adaptation to saline or hypoxia conditions on genome organization (gene gains and losses) and transcriptional regulation. Notably, the comparison of the N. officinale and E. salsugineum genomes to that of A. thaliana highlighted changes in the distribution of ohnologs and homologs, particularly affecting class III peroxidase genes (CIII Prxs). These changes were specific to each gene, to gene families subjected to duplication events and to each species, suggesting distinct evolutionary responses. The analysis of transcriptomic data has allowed for the identification of genes related to stress responses in A. thaliana, and, conversely, to adaptation in N. officinale and E. salsugineum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Horst Berthelier
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Sébastien Christophe Cabanac
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Caroline Callot
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, INRAE, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Arnaud Bellec
- Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales, INRAE, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (C.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Catherine Mathé
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Jamet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (T.H.B.); (S.C.C.); (C.M.)
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Liu H, Lan Y, Wang L, Jiang N, Zhang X, Wu M, Xiang Y. CiAP2/ERF65 and CiAP2/ERF106, a pair of homologous genes in pecan (Carya illinoensis), regulate plant responses during submergence in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 293:154166. [PMID: 38163387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
When plants are entirely submerged, photosynthesis and respiration are severely restricted, affecting plant growth and potentially even causing plant death. The AP2/ERF superfamily has been widely reported to play a vital role in plant growth, development and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, no relevant studies exist on flooding stress in pecan. In this investigation, we observed that CiAP2/ERF65 positively modulated the hypoxia response during submergence, whereas CiAP2/ERF106 was sensitive to submergence. The levels of physiological and biochemical indicators, such as POD, CAT and among others, in CiAP2/ERF65-OE lines were significantly higher than those in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana, indicating that the antioxidant capacity of CiAP2/ERF65-OE lines was enhanced under submergence. The RNA-seq results revealed that the maintenance of the expression levels of the antenna protein gene, different signaling pathways for regulation, as well as the storage and consumption of ATP, might account for the opposite phenotypes of CiAP2/ERF65 and CiAP2/ERF106. Furthermore, the expression of some stress-related genes was altered during submergence and reoxygenation. Overall, these findings enhance our understanding of submergence stress in pecan, providing important candidate genes for the molecular design and breeding of hypoxia resistant in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Liu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yangang Lan
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Linna Wang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Nianqin Jiang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yan Xiang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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9
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Ma Z, Hu L, Jiang W. Understanding AP2/ERF Transcription Factor Responses and Tolerance to Various Abiotic Stresses in Plants: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:893. [PMID: 38255967 PMCID: PMC10815832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress is an adverse environmental factor that severely affects plant growth and development, and plants have developed complex regulatory mechanisms to adapt to these unfavourable conditions through long-term evolution. In recent years, many transcription factor families of genes have been identified to regulate the ability of plants to respond to abiotic stresses. Among them, the AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor) family is a large class of plant-specific proteins that regulate plant response to abiotic stresses and can also play a role in regulating plant growth and development. This paper reviews the structural features and classification of AP2/ERF transcription factors that are involved in transcriptional regulation, reciprocal proteins, downstream genes, and hormone-dependent signalling and hormone-independent signalling pathways in response to abiotic stress. The AP2/ERF transcription factors can synergise with hormone signalling to form cross-regulatory networks in response to and tolerance of abiotic stresses. Many of the AP2/ERF transcription factors activate the expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes that are dependent or independent of abscisic acid and ethylene in response to abscisic acid and ethylene. In addition, the AP2/ERF transcription factors are involved in gibberellin, auxin, brassinosteroid, and cytokinin-mediated abiotic stress responses. The study of AP2/ERF transcription factors and interacting proteins, as well as the identification of their downstream target genes, can provide us with a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of plant action in response to abiotic stress, which can improve plants' ability to tolerate abiotic stress and provide a more theoretical basis for increasing plant yield under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Ma
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Plant Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Emil Ramann Str. 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Lanjuan Hu
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Wenzhu Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
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10
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Xie W, Cao W, Lu S, Zhao J, Shi X, Yue X, Wang G, Feng Z, Hu K, Chen Z, Zuo S. Knockout of transcription factor OsERF65 enhances ROS scavenging ability and confers resistance to rice sheath blight. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:1535-1551. [PMID: 37776021 PMCID: PMC10632786 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB) is a devastating disease that severely threatens rice production worldwide. Induction of cell death represents a key step during infection by the ShB pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In the present study, we identified a rice transcription factor, OsERF65, that negatively regulates resistance to ShB by suppressing cell death. OsERF65 was significantly upregulated by R. solani infection in susceptible cultivar Lemont and was highly expressed in the leaf sheath. Overexpression of OsERF65 (OsERF65OE) decreased rice resistance, while the knockout mutant (oserf65) exhibited significantly increased resistance against ShB. The transcriptome assay revealed that OsERF65 repressed the expression of peroxidase genes after R. solani infection. The antioxidative enzyme activity was significantly increased in oserf65 plants but reduced in OsERF65OE plants. Consistently, hydrogen peroxide content was apparently reduced in oserf65 plants but accumulated in OsERF65OE plants. OsERF65 directly bound to the GCC box in the promoter regions of four peroxidase genes and suppressed their transcription, reducing the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oserf65 mutant exhibited a slight decrease in plant height but increased grain yield. Overall, our results revealed an undocumented role of OsERF65 that acts as a crucial regulator of rice resistance to R. solani and a potential target for improving both ShB resistance and rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Wenlei Cao
- College of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Shuaibing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xiaopin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xuanyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Guangda Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zhiming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Keming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zongxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Shimin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of ChinaInstitutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
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11
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Sharma M, Negi S, Kumar P, Srivastava DK, Choudhary MK, Irfan M. Fruit ripening under heat stress: The intriguing role of ethylene-mediated signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111820. [PMID: 37549738 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Crop production is significantly influenced by climate, and even minor climate changes can have a substantial impact on crop yields. Rising temperature due to climate change can lead to heat stress (HS) in plants, which not only hinders plant growth and development but also result in significant losses in crop yields. To cope with the different stresses including HS, plants have evolved a variety of adaptive mechanisms. In response to these stresses, phytohormones play a crucial role by generating endogenous signals that regulate the plant's defensive response. Among these, Ethylene (ET), a key phytohormone, stands out as a major regulator of stress responses in plants and regulates many plant traits, which are critical for crop productivity and nutritional quality. ET is also known as a ripening hormone for decades in climacteric fruit and many studies are available deciphering the function of different ET biosynthesis and signaling components in the ripening process. Recent studies suggest that HS significantly affects fruit quality traits and perturbs fruit ripening by altering the regulation of many ethylene biosynthesis and signaling genes resulting in substantial loss of fruit yield, quality, and postharvest stability. Despite the significant progress in this field in recent years the interplay between ET, ripening, and HS is elusive. In this review, we summarized the recent advances and current understanding of ET in regulating the ripening process under HS and explored their crosstalk at physiological and molecular levels to shed light on intricate relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shivanti Negi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mani Kant Choudhary
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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12
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Zhang X, Kuang T, Dong W, Qian Z, Zhang H, Landis JB, Feng T, Li L, Sun Y, Huang J, Deng T, Wang H, Sun H. Genomic convergence underlying high-altitude adaptation in alpine plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36960823 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary convergence is one of the most striking examples of adaptation driven by natural selection. However, genomic evidence for convergent adaptation to extreme environments remains scarce. Here, we assembled reference genomes of two alpine plants, Saussurea obvallata (Asteraceae) and Rheum alexandrae (Polygonaceae), with 37,938 and 61,463 annotated protein-coding genes. By integrating an additional five alpine genomes, we elucidated genomic convergence underlying high-altitude adaptation in alpine plants. Our results detected convergent contractions of disease-resistance genes in alpine genomes, which might be an energy-saving strategy for surviving in hostile environments with only a few pathogens present. We identified signatures of positive selection on a set of genes involved in reproduction and respiration (e.g., MMD1, NBS1, and HPR), and revealed signatures of molecular convergence on genes involved in self-incompatibility, cell wall modification, DNA repair and stress resistance, which may underlie adaptation to extreme cold, high ultraviolet radiation and hypoxia environments. Incorporating transcriptomic data, we further demonstrated that genes associated with cuticular wax and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways exhibit higher expression levels in leafy bracts, shedding light on the genetic mechanisms of the adaptive "greenhouse" morphology. Our integrative data provide novel insights into convergent evolution at a high-taxonomic level, aiding in a deep understanding of genetic adaptation to complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tianhui Kuang
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity of Central Asia, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Wenlin Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhihao Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huajie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jacob B Landis
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14850, USA
- BTI Computational Biology Center, Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA
| | - Tao Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanxia Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity of Central Asia, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, 27858, USA
| | - Tao Deng
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity of Central Asia, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hengchang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Yunnan International Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity of Central Asia, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
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13
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Yuan L, Chen M, Wang L, Sasidharan R, Voesenek LACJ, Xiao S. Multi-stress resilience in plants recovering from submergence. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:466-481. [PMID: 36217562 PMCID: PMC9946147 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Submergence limits plants' access to oxygen and light, causing massive changes in metabolism; after submergence, plants experience additional stresses, including reoxygenation, dehydration, photoinhibition and accelerated senescence. Plant responses to waterlogging and partial or complete submergence have been well studied, but our understanding of plant responses during post-submergence recovery remains limited. During post-submergence recovery, whether a plant can repair the damage caused by submergence and reoxygenation and re-activate key processes to continue to grow, determines whether the plant survives. Here, we summarize the challenges plants face when recovering from submergence, primarily focusing on studies of Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa). We also highlight recent progress in elucidating the interplay among various regulatory pathways, compare post-hypoxia reoxygenation between plants and animals and provide new perspectives for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Bing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mo‐Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lin‐Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant Stress Resilience, Institute of Environmental BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Shi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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14
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Rovere M, Pucciariello C, Castella C, Berger A, Forgia M, Guyet TA, Bosseno M, Pacoud M, Brouquisse R, Perata P, Boscari A. Group VII ethylene response factors, MtERF74 and MtERF75, sustain nitrogen fixation in Medicago truncatula microoxic nodules. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:607-620. [PMID: 36479691 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Group VII ethylene response factors (ERF-VII) are plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) known for their role in the activation of hypoxia-responsive genes under low oxygen stress but also in plant endogenous hypoxic niches. However, their function in the microaerophilic nitrogen-fixing nodules of legumes has not yet been investigated. We investigated regulation and the function of the two Medicago truncatula ERF-VII TFs (MtERF74 and MtERF75) in roots and nodules, MtERF74 and MtERF75 in response to hypoxia stress and during the nodulation process using an RNA interference strategy and targeted proteolysis of MtERF75. Knockdown of MtERF74 and MtERF75 partially blocked the induction of hypoxia-responsive genes in roots exposed to hypoxia stress. In addition, a significant reduction in nodulation capacity and nitrogen fixation activity was observed in mature nodules of double knockdown transgenic roots. Overall, the results indicate that MtERF74 and MtERF75 are involved in the induction of MtNR1 and Pgb1.1 expression for efficient Phytogb-nitric oxide respiration in the nodule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rovere
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Chiara Pucciariello
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claude Castella
- INRAE, UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles (PSH), Site Agroparc, Avignon, France
| | - Antoine Berger
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Marco Forgia
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Tran A Guyet
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marc Bosseno
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Marie Pacoud
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | - Pierdomenico Perata
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
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15
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Brazel AJ, Graciet E. Complexity of Abiotic Stress Stimuli: Mimicking Hypoxic Conditions Experimentally on the Basis of Naturally Occurring Environments. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:23-48. [PMID: 36944871 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants require oxygen to respire and produce energy. Plant cells are exposed to low oxygen levels (hypoxia) in different contexts and have evolved conserved molecular responses to hypoxia. Both environmental and developmental factors can influence intracellular oxygen concentrations. In nature, plants can experience hypoxic conditions when the soil becomes saturated with water following heavy precipitation (i.e., waterlogging). Hypoxia can also arise in specific tissues that have poor gas exchange with atmospheric oxygen. In this case, hypoxic niches that are physiologically and developmentally relevant may form. To dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of hypoxia response in plants, a wide range of hypoxia-inducing methods have been used in the laboratory setting. Yet, the different characteristics, pros and cons of each of these hypoxia treatments are seldom compared between methods, and with natural forms of hypoxia. In this chapter, we present both environmental and developmental forms of hypoxia that plants encounter in the wild, as well as the different experimental hypoxia treatments used to mimic them in the laboratory setting, with the aim of informing on what experimental approaches might be most appropriate to the questions addressed, including stress signaling and regulation.
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16
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Adhikary D, Kisiala A, Sarkar A, Basu U, Rahman H, Emery N, Kav NNV. Early-stage responses to Plasmodiophora brassicae at the transcriptome and metabolome levels in clubroot resistant and susceptible oilseed Brassica napus. Mol Omics 2022; 18:991-1014. [PMID: 36382681 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00251e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Clubroot, a devastating soil-borne root disease, in Brassicaceae is caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin (P. brassicae W.), an obligate biotrophic protist. Plant growth and development, as well as seed yield of Brassica crops, are severely affected due to this disease. Several reports described the molecular responses of B. napus to P. brassicae; however, information on the early stages of pathogenesis is limited. In this study, we have used transcriptomics and metabolomics to characterize P. brassicae pathogenesis at 1-, 4-, and 7-days post-inoculation (DPI) in clubroot resistant (CR) and susceptible (CS) doubled-haploid (DH) canola lines. When we compared between inoculated and uninoculated groups, a total of 214 and 324 putative genes exhibited differential expression (q-value < 0.05) at one or more time-points in the CR and CS genotypes, respectively. When the inoculated CR and inoculated CS genotypes were compared, 4765 DEGs were differentially expressed (q-value < 0.05) at one or more time-points. Several metabolites related to organic acids (e.g., citrate, pyruvate), amino acids (e.g., proline, aspartate), sugars, and mannitol, were differentially accumulated in roots in response to pathogen infection when the CR and CS genotypes were compared. Several DEGs also corresponded to differentially accumulated metabolites, including pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (BnaC04g11450D), citrate synthase (BnaC02g39080D), and pyruvate kinase (BnaC04g23180D) as detected by transcriptome analysis. Our results suggest important roles for these genes in mediating resistance to clubroot disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis aimed at characterizing the molecular basis of resistance to clubroot in canola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Adhikary
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Anna Kisiala
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Ananya Sarkar
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Urmila Basu
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Neil Emery
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Nat N V Kav
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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17
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Garcia C, Furtado de Almeida AA, Costa M, Britto D, Correa F, Mangabeira P, Silva L, Silva J, Royaert S, Marelli JP. Single-base resolution methylomes of somatic embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao L. reveal epigenome modifications associated with somatic embryo abnormalities. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15097. [PMID: 36064870 PMCID: PMC9445004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Propagation by somatic embryogenesis in Theobroma cacao has some issues to be solved, as many morphologically abnormal somatic embryos that do not germinate into plants are frequently observed, thus hampering plant production on a commercial scale. For the first time the methylome landscape of T. cacao somatic embryogenesis was examined, using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing technique, with the aim to understand the epigenetic basis of somatic embryo abnormalities. We identified 873 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in the CpG context between zygotic embryos, normal and abnormal somatic embryos, with important roles in development, programmed cell death, oxidative stress, and hypoxia induction, which can help to explain the morphological abnormalities of somatic embryos. We also identified the role of ethylene and its precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate in several biological processes, such as hypoxia induction, cell differentiation and cell polarity, that could be associated to the development of abnormal somatic embryos. The biological processes and the hypothesis of ethylene and its precursor involvement in the somatic embryo abnormalities in cacao are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcio Costa
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Correa
- Department of Statistics, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Pedro Mangabeira
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | | | - Jose Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
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18
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Tang X, Li J, Liu L, Jing H, Zuo W, Zeng Y. Transcriptome Analysis Provides Insights into Potentilla bifurca Adaptation to High Altitude. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091337. [PMID: 36143374 PMCID: PMC9503701 DOI: 10.3390/life12091337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentilla bifurca is widely distributed in Eurasia, including the Tibetan Plateau. It is a valuable medicinal plant in the Tibetan traditional medicine system, especially for the treatment of diabetes. This study investigated the functional gene profile of Potentilla bifurca at different altitudes by RNA-sequencing technology, including de novo assembly of 222,619 unigenes from 405 million clean reads, 57.64% of which were annotated in Nr, GO, KEGG, Pfam, and Swiss-Prot databases. The most significantly differentially expressed top 50 genes in the high-altitude samples were derived from plants that responded to abiotic stress, such as peroxidase, superoxide dismutase protein, and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Pathway analysis revealed that a large number of DEGs encode key enzymes involved in secondary metabolites, including phenylpropane and flavonoids. In addition, a total of 298 potential genomic SSRs were identified in this study, which provides information on the development of functional molecular markers for genetic diversity assessment. In conclusion, this study provides the first comprehensive assessment of the Potentilla bifurca transcriptome. This provides new insights into coping mechanisms for non-model organisms surviving in harsh environments at high altitudes, as well as molecular evidence for the selection of superior medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jinping Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Likuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Hui Jing
- Qinghai Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Xining 810007, China
| | - Wenming Zuo
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yang Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Correspondence:
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19
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Cho HY, Chou MY, Ho HY, Chen WC, Shih MC. Ethylene modulates translation dynamics in Arabidopsis under submergence via GCN2 and EIN2. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm7863. [PMID: 35658031 PMCID: PMC9166634 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
General translational repression is a key process that reduces energy consumption under hypoxia. Here, we show that plant stress-activated general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) was activated to regulate the reduction in polysome loading during submergence in Arabidopsis. GCN2 signaling was activated by ethylene under submergence. GCN2 activity was reduced in etr1-1, but not in ein2-5 or eil1ein3, under submergence, suggesting that GCN2 activity is regulated by a noncanonical ethylene signaling pathway. Polysome loading was not reduced in ein2-5 under submergence, implying that ethylene modulates translation via both EIN2 and GCN2. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that EIN2 and GCN2 regulate not only general translational repression but also translational enhancement of specific mRNAs under submergence. Together, these results demonstrate that during submergence, entrapped ethylene triggers GCN2 and EIN2 to regulate translation dynamics and ensure the translation of stress response proteins.
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Rakpenthai A, Apodiakou A, Whitcomb SJ, Hoefgen R. In silico analysis of cis-elements and identification of transcription factors putatively involved in the regulation of the OAS cluster genes SDI1 and SDI2. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:1286-1304. [PMID: 35315155 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana sulfur deficiency-induced 1 and sulfur deficiency-induced 2 (SDI1 and SDI2) are involved in partitioning sulfur among metabolite pools during sulfur deficiency, and their transcript levels strongly increase in this condition. However, little is currently known about the cis- and trans-factors that regulate SDI expression. We aimed at identifying DNA sequence elements (cis-elements) and transcription factors (TFs) involved in regulating expression of the SDI genes. We performed in silico analysis of their promoter sequences cataloging known cis-elements and identifying conserved sequence motifs. We screened by yeast-one-hybrid an arrayed library of Arabidopsis TFs for binding to the SDI1 and SDI2 promoters. In total, 14 candidate TFs were identified. Direct association between particular cis-elements in the proximal SDI promoter regions and specific TFs was established via electrophoretic mobility shift assays: sulfur limitation 1 (SLIM1) was shown to bind SURE cis-element(s), the basic domain/leucine zipper (bZIP) core cis-element was shown to be important for HY5-homolog (HYH) binding, and G-box binding factor 1 (GBF1) was shown to bind the E box. Functional analysis of GBF1 and HYH using mutant and over-expressing lines indicated that these TFs promote a higher transcript level of SDI1 in vivo. Additionally, we performed a meta-analysis of expression changes of the 14 TF candidates in a variety of conditions that alter SDI expression. The presented results expand our understanding of sulfur pool regulation by SDI genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apidet Rakpenthai
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Anastasia Apodiakou
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Sarah J Whitcomb
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Rainer Hoefgen
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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21
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Strawberry FaSnRK1α Regulates Anaerobic Respiratory Metabolism under Waterlogging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094914. [PMID: 35563305 PMCID: PMC9101944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) is a central integrator of plant stress and energy starvation signalling pathways. We found that the FaSnRK1α-overexpression (OE) roots had a higher respiratory rate and tolerance to waterlogging than the FaSnRK1α-RNAi roots, suggesting that FaSnRK1α plays a positive role in the regulation of anaerobic respiration under waterlogging. FaSnRK1α upregulated the activity of anaerobic respiration-related enzymes including hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase (PK), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). FaSnRK1α also enhanced the ability to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. We sequenced the transcriptomes of the roots of both wild-type (WT) and FaSnRK1α-RNAi plants, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were clearly enriched in the defence response, response to biotic stimuli, and cellular carbohydrate metabolic process. In addition, 42 genes involved in glycolysis and 30 genes involved in pyruvate metabolism were significantly regulated in FaSnRK1α-RNAi roots. We analysed the transcript levels of two anoxia-related genes and three ERFVIIs, and the results showed that FaADH1, FaPDC1, FaHRE2 and FaRAP2.12 were upregulated in response to FaSnRK1α, indicating that FaSnRK1α may be involved in the ethylene signalling pathway to improve waterlogging tolerance. In conclusion, FaSnRK1α increases the expression of ERFVIIs and further activates anoxia response genes, thereby enhancing anaerobic respiration metabolism in response to low-oxygen conditions during waterlogging.
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Abstract
Drought and waterlogging seriously affect the growth of plants and are considered severe constraints on agricultural and forestry productivity; their frequency and degree have increased over time due to global climate change. The morphology, photosynthetic activity, antioxidant enzyme system and hormone levels of plants could change in response to water stress. The mechanisms of these changes are introduced in this review, along with research on key transcription factors and genes. Both drought and waterlogging stress similarly impact leaf morphology (such as wilting and crimping) and inhibit photosynthesis. The former affects the absorption and transportation mechanisms of plants, and the lack of water and nutrients inhibits the formation of chlorophyll, which leads to reduced photosynthetic capacity. Constitutive overexpression of 9-cis-epoxydioxygenase (NCED) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), key enzymes in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, increases drought resistance. The latter forces leaf stomata to close in response to chemical signals, which are produced by the roots and transferred aboveground, affecting the absorption capacity of CO2, and reducing photosynthetic substrates. The root system produces adventitious roots and forms aerenchymal to adapt the stresses. Ethylene (ETH) is the main response hormone of plants to waterlogging stress, and is a member of the ERFVII subfamily, which includes response factors involved in hypoxia-induced gene expression, and responds to energy expenditure through anaerobic respiration. There are two potential adaptation mechanisms of plants (“static” or “escape”) through ETH-mediated gibberellin (GA) dynamic equilibrium to waterlogging stress in the present studies. Plant signal transduction pathways, after receiving stress stimulus signals as well as the regulatory mechanism of the subsequent synthesis of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes to produce ethanol under a hypoxic environment caused by waterlogging, should be considered. This review provides a theoretical basis for plants to improve water stress tolerance and water-resistant breeding.
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Zhang J, Liao J, Ling Q, Xi Y, Qian Y. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling analysis of maize AP2/ERF superfamily genes reveal essential roles in abiotic stress tolerance. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:125. [PMID: 35151253 PMCID: PMC8841118 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily is involved in various biological processes and plays significant roles in plant growth, development and responses to various stresses. Although identification and characterization of AP2/ERF superfamily genes have been accomplished in many plant species, very little is known regarding the structure and function of AP2/ERF genes in maize. Results In this study, a total of 214 genes encoding ZmAP2/ERF proteins with complete AP2/ERF domain were eventually identified according to the AGPv4 version of the maize B73 genome. Based on the number of AP2/ERF domain and similarities of amino acid sequences among AP2/ERF proteins from Arabidopsis, rice and maize, all 214 putative ZmAP2/ERF proteins were categorized into three distinct families, including the AP2 family (44), the ERF family (166) and the RAV family (4), respectively. Among them, the ERF family was further subdivided into two diverse subfamilies, including the DREB and ERF subfamilies with 61 and 105 members, respectively. Further, based on phylogenetic analysis, the members of DREB and ERF subfamilies were subdivided into four (Group I-IV) and eight (Group V-XII) groups, respectively. The characteristics of exon-intron structure of these putative ZmAP2/ERF genes and conserved protein motifs of their encoded ZmAP2/ERF proteins were also presented respectively, which was in accordance with the results of group classification. Promoter analysis suggested that ZmAP2/ERF genes shared many stress- and hormone-related cis-regulatory elements. Gene duplication and synteny analysis revealed that tandem or segmental duplication and purifying selection might play significant roles in evolution and functional differentiation of AP2/ERF superfamily genes among three various gramineous species (maize, rice and sorghum). Using RNA-seq data, transcriptome analysis indicated that the majority of ZmAP2/ERF genes displayed differential expression patterns at different developmental stages of maize. In addition, the following analyses of co-expression network among ZmAP2/ERF genes and protein protein interaction between ZmAP2 and ZmERF proteins further enabled us to understand the regulatory relationship among members of the AP2/ERF superfamily in maize. Furthermore, by quantitative real-time PCR analysis, twenty-seven selected ZmAP2/ERF genes were further confirmed to respond to three different abiotic stresses, suggesting their potential roles in various abiotic stress responses. Collectively, these results revealed that these ZmAP2/ERF genes play essential roles in abiotic stress tolerance. Conclusions Taken together, the present study will serve to present an important theoretical basis for further exploring the function and regulatory mechanism of ZmAP2/ERF genes in the growth, development, and adaptation to abiotic stresses in maize. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08345-7.
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Wang Z, Zhao X, Ren Z, Abou-Elwafa SF, Pu X, Zhu Y, Dou D, Su H, Cheng H, Liu Z, Chen Y, Wang E, Shao R, Ku L. ZmERF21 directly regulates hormone signaling and stress-responsive gene expression to influence drought tolerance in maize seedlings. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:312-328. [PMID: 34873716 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress adversely impacts crop development and yield. Maize frequently encounters drought stress during its life cycle. Improvement of drought tolerance is a priority of maize breeding programs. Here, we identified a novel transcription factor encoding gene, APETALA2 (AP2)/Ethylene response factor (ERF), which is tightly associated with drought tolerance in maize seedlings. ZmERF21 is mainly expressed in the root and leaf and it can be highly induced by polyethylene glycol treatment. Genetic analysis showed that the zmerf21 mutant plants displayed a reduced drought tolerance phenotype, accompanied by phenotypical and physiological changes that are commonly observed in drought conditions. Overexpression of ZmERF21 in maize significantly increased the chlorophyll content and activities of antioxidant enzymes under drought conditions. RNA-Seq and DNA affinity purification sequencing analysis further revealed that ZmERF21 may directly regulate the expression of genes related to hormone (ethylene, abscisic acid) and Ca signaling as well as other stress-response genes through binding to the promoters of potential target genes. Our results thereby provided molecular evidence of ZmERF21 is involved in the drought stress response of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | - Xiaoyu Pu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yingfang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dandan Dou
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huihui Su
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haiyang Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhixue Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ertao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixin Shao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lixia Ku
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Proteomic Studies of Roots in Hypoxia-Sensitive and -Tolerant Tomato Accessions Reveal Candidate Proteins Associated with Stress Priming. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030500. [PMID: 35159309 PMCID: PMC8834170 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a vegetable frequently exposed to hypoxia stress induced either by being submerged, flooded or provided with limited oxygen in hydroponic cultivation systems. The purpose of the study was to establish the metabolic mechanisms responsible for overcoming hypoxia in two tomato accessions with different tolerance to this stress, selected based on morphological and physiological parameters. For this purpose, 3-week-old plants (plants at the juvenile stage) of waterlogging-tolerant (WL-T), i.e., POL 7/15, and waterlogging-sensitive (WL-S), i.e., PZ 215, accessions were exposed to hypoxia stress (waterlogging) for 7 days, then the plants were allowed to recover for 14 days, after which another 7 days of hypoxia treatment was applied. Root samples were collected at the end of each time-point and 2D-DIGE with MALDI TOF/TOF, and expression analyses of gene and protein-encoded alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH2) and immunolabelling of ADH were conducted. After collating the obtained results, the different responses to hypoxia stress in the selected tomato accessions were observed. Both the WL-S and WL-T tomato accessions revealed a high amount of ADH2, which indicates an intensive alcohol fermentation pathway during the first exposure to hypoxia. In comparison to the tolerant one, the expression of the adh2 gene was about two times higher for the sensitive tomato. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of ADH in the parenchyma cells of the cortex and vascular tissue. During the second hypoxia stress, the sensitive accession showed a decreased accumulation of ADH protein and similar expression of the adh2 gene in comparison to the tolerant accession. Additionally, the proteome showed a greater protein abundance of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in primed WL-S tomato. This could suggest that the sensitive tomato overcomes the oxygen limitation and adapts by reducing alcohol fermentation, which is toxic to plants because of the production of ethanol, and by enhancing glycolysis. Proteins detected in abundance in the sensitive accession are proposed as crucial factors for hypoxia stress priming and their function in hypoxia tolerance is discussed.
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Assis RDAB, Sagawa CHD, Zaini PA, Saxe HJ, Wilmarth PA, Phinney BS, Salemi M, Moreira LM, Dandekar AM. A Secreted Chorismate Mutase from Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Attenuates Virulence and Walnut Blight Symptoms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10374. [PMID: 34638715 PMCID: PMC8508651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Walnut blight is a significant above-ground disease of walnuts caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj). The secreted form of chorismate mutase (CM), a key enzyme of the shikimate pathway regulating plant immunity, is highly conserved between plant-associated beta and gamma proteobacteria including phytopathogens belonging to the Xanthomonadaceae family. To define its role in walnut blight disease, a dysfunctional mutant of chorismate mutase was created in a copper resistant strain Xaj417 (XajCM). Infections of immature walnut Juglans regia (Jr) fruit with XajCM were hypervirulent compared with infections with the wildtype Xaj417 strain. The in vitro growth rate, size and cellular morphology were similar between the wild-type and XajCM mutant strains, however the quantification of bacterial cells by dPCR within walnut hull tissues showed a 27% increase in XajCM seven days post-infection. To define the mechanism of hypervirulence, proteome analysis was conducted to compare walnut hull tissues inoculated with the wild type to those inoculated with the XajCM mutant strain. Proteome analysis revealed 3296 Jr proteins (five decreased and ten increased with FDR ≤ 0.05) and 676 Xaj417 proteins (235 increased in XajCM with FDR ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, the most abundant protein in Xaj was a polygalacturonase, while in Jr it was a polygalacturonase inhibitor. These results suggest that this secreted chorismate mutase may be an important virulence suppressor gene that regulates Xaj417 virulence response, allowing for improved bacterial survival in the plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de A. B. Assis
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Cíntia H. D. Sagawa
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Paulo A. Zaini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Houston J. Saxe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Phillip A. Wilmarth
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (B.S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Michelle Salemi
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (B.S.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Leandro M. Moreira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.d.A.B.A.); (C.H.D.S.); (P.A.Z.); (H.J.S.)
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Du Y, Li C, Mao X, Wang J, Li L, Yang J, Zhuang M, Sun D, Jing R. TaERF73 is associated with root depth, thousand‐grain weight and plant height in wheat over a range of environmental conditions. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Shanxi China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Chaonan Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jinwen Yang
- College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Shanxi China
| | - Mengjia Zhuang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Daizhen Sun
- College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University Shanxi China
| | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
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28
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León J, Castillo MC, Gayubas B. The hypoxia-reoxygenation stress in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5841-5856. [PMID: 33367851 PMCID: PMC8355755 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants are very plastic in adapting growth and development to changing adverse environmental conditions. This feature will be essential for plants to survive climate changes characterized by extreme temperatures and rainfall. Although plants require molecular oxygen (O2) to live, they can overcome transient low-O2 conditions (hypoxia) until return to standard 21% O2 atmospheric conditions (normoxia). After heavy rainfall, submerged plants in flooded lands undergo transient hypoxia until water recedes and normoxia is recovered. The accumulated information on the physiological and molecular events occurring during the hypoxia phase contrasts with the limited knowledge on the reoxygenation process after hypoxia, which has often been overlooked in many studies in plants. Phenotypic alterations during recovery are due to potentiated oxidative stress generated by simultaneous reoxygenation and reillumination leading to cell damage. Besides processes such as N-degron proteolytic pathway-mediated O2 sensing, or mitochondria-driven metabolic alterations, other molecular events controlling gene expression have been recently proposed as key regulators of hypoxia and reoxygenation. RNA regulatory functions, chromatin remodeling, protein synthesis, and post-translational modifications must all be studied in depth in the coming years to improve our knowledge on hypoxia-reoxygenation transition in plants, a topic with relevance in agricultural biotechnology in the context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- José León
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Mari Cruz Castillo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gayubas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
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Riaz MW, Lu J, Shah L, Yang L, Chen C, Mei XD, Xue L, Manzoor MA, Abdullah M, Rehman S, Si H, Ma C. Expansion and Molecular Characterization of AP2/ERF Gene Family in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Front Genet 2021; 12:632155. [PMID: 33868370 PMCID: PMC8044323 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.632155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The AP2/ERF is a large protein family of transcription factors, playing an important role in signal transduction, plant growth, development, and response to various stresses. AP2/ERF super-family is identified and functionalized in a different plant but no comprehensive and systematic analysis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has been reported. However, a genome-wide and functional analysis was performed and identified 322 TaAP2/ERF putative genes from the wheat genome. According to the phylogenetic and structural analysis, TaAP2/ERF genes were divided into 12 subfamilies (Ia, Ib, Ic, IIa, IIb, IIc, IIIa, IIIb, IIIc, IVa, IVb, and IVc). Furthermore, conserved motifs and introns/exons analysis revealed may lead to functional divergence within clades. Cis-Acting analysis indicated that many elements were involved in stress-related and plant development. Chromosomal location showed that 320 AP2/ERF genes were distributed among 21 chromosomes and 2 genes were present in a scaffold. Interspecies microsynteny analysis revealed that maximum orthologous between Arabidopsis, rice followed by wheat. Segment duplication events have contributed to the expansion of the AP2/ERF family and made this family larger than rice and Arabidopsis. Additionally, AP2/ERF genes were differentially expressed in wheat seedlings under the stress treatments of heat, salt, and drought, and expression profiles were verified by qRT-PCR. Remarkably, the RNA-seq data exposed that AP2/ERF gene family might play a vital role in stress-related. Taken together, our findings provided useful and helpful information to understand the molecular mechanism and evolution of the AP2/ERF gene family in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waheed Riaz
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Lu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China
| | - Liaqat Shah
- Department of Botany, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi, Pakistan
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China
| | - Can Chen
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Dong Mei
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China
| | - Liu Xue
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China
| | | | - Muhammad Abdullah
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shamsur Rehman
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongqi Si
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanxi Ma
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, China.,National United Engineering Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Hefei, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Hefei, China
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Frank M, Kaulfürst-Soboll H, Fischer K, von Schaewen A. Complex-Type N-Glycans Influence the Root Hair Landscape of Arabidopsis Seedlings by Altering the Auxin Output. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:635714. [PMID: 33679849 PMCID: PMC7930818 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.635714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Roots supply plants with nutrients and water, besides anchoring them in the soil. The primary root with its lateral roots constitutes the central skeleton of the root system. In particular, root hairs increase the root surface, which is critical for optimizing uptake efficiency. During root-cell growth and development, many proteins that are components of, e.g., the cell wall and plasma membrane are constitutively transported through the secretory system and become posttranslationally modified. Here, the best-studied posttranslational modification is protein N-glycosylation. While alterations in the attachment/modification of N-glycans within the ER lumen results in severe developmental defects, the impact of Golgi-localized complex N-glycan modification, particularly on root development, has not been studied in detail. We report that impairment of complex-type N-glycosylation results in a differential response to synthetic phytohormones with earlier and increased root-hair elongation. Application of either the cytokinin BAP, the auxin NAA, or the ethylene precursor ACC revealed an interaction of auxin with complex N-glycosylation during root-hair development. Especially in gntI mutant seedlings, the early block of complex N-glycan formation resulted in an increased auxin sensitivity. RNA-seq experiments suggest that gntI roots have permanently elevated nutrient-, hypoxia-, and defense-stress responses, which might be a consequence of the altered auxin responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Frank
- Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Heidi Kaulfürst-Soboll
- Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Kerstin Fischer
- Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
| | - Antje von Schaewen
- Molecular Physiology of Plants, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster (WWU Münster), Münster, Germany
- *Correspondence: Antje von Schaewen,
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Xie LJ, Zhou Y, Chen QF, Xiao S. New insights into the role of lipids in plant hypoxia responses. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 81:101072. [PMID: 33188800 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In plants, hypoxia (low-oxygen stress) is induced by soil waterlogging or submergence and this major abiotic stress has detrimental effects on plant growth, development, distribution, and productivity. To survive low-oxygen stress, plants have evolved a set of morphological, physiological, and biochemical adaptations. These adaptations integrate metabolic acclimation and signaling networks allowing plants to endure or escape from low-oxygen environments by altering their metabolism and growth. Lipids are ubiquitously involved in regulating plant responses to hypoxia and post-hypoxic reoxygenation. In particular, the polyunsaturation of long-chain acyl-CoAs regulates hypoxia sensing in plants by modulating acyl-CoA-binding protein-Group VII ethylene response factor dynamics. Moreover, unsaturated very-long-chain ceramide species protect plants from hypoxia-induced cellular damage by regulating the kinase activity of CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE1 in the ethylene signaling pathway. Finally, the oxylipin jasmonate specifically regulates plant responses to reoxygenation stress by transcriptionally modulating antioxidant biosynthesis. Here we provide an overview of the roles of lipid remodeling and signaling in plant responses to hypoxia/reoxygenation and their effects on the downstream events affecting plant survival. In addition, we highlight the key remaining challenges in this important field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qin-Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Shi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
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Huang J, Wang S, Wang X, Fan Y, Han Y. Structure and expression analysis of seven salt-related ERF genes of Populus. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10206. [PMID: 33150090 PMCID: PMC7583627 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) that play important roles in plant growth and stress defense and have received a great amount of attention in recent years. In this study, seven ERF genes related to abiotic stress tolerance and response were identified in plants of the Populus genus. Systematic bioinformatics, including sequence phylogeny, genome organisation, gene structure, gene ontology (GO) annotation, etc. were detected. Expression-pattern of these seven ERF genes were analyzed using RT-qPCR and cross validated using RNA-Seq. Data from a phylogenetic tree and multiple alignment of protein sequences indicated that these seven ERF TFs belong to three subfamilies and contain AP2, YRG, and RAYD conserved domains, which may interact with downstream target genes to regulate the plant stress response. An analysis of the structure and promoter region of these seven ERF genes showed that they have multiple stress-related motifs and cis-elements, which may play roles in the plant stress-tolerance process through a transcriptional regulation mechanism; moreover, the cellular_component and molecular_function terms associated with these ERFs determined by GO annotation supported this hypothesis. In addition, the spatio-temporal expression pattern of these seven ERFs, as detected using RT-qPCR and RNA-seq, suggested that they play a critical role in mediating the salt response and tolerance in a dynamic and tissue-specific manner. The results of this study provide a solid basis to explore the functions of the stress-related ERF TFs in Populus abiotic stress tolerance and development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Huang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Shengji Wang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xingdou Wang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yan Fan
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Youzhi Han
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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Lamichhane S, Alpuerto JB, Han A, Fukao T. The Central Negative Regulator of Flooding Tolerance, the PROTEOLYSIS 6 Branch of the N-degron Pathway, Adversely Modulates Salinity Tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111415. [PMID: 33113884 PMCID: PMC7690746 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Seawater intrusion in coastal regions and waterlogging in salinized lands are serious constraints that reduce crop productivity under changing climate scenarios. Under these conditions, plants encounter flooding and salinity concurrently or sequentially. Identification and characterization of genes and pathways associated with both flooding and salinity adaptation are critical steps for the simultaneous improvement of plant tolerance to these stresses. The PROTEOLYSIS 6 (PRT6) branch of the N-degron pathway is a well-characterized process that negatively regulates flooding tolerance in plants. Here, we determined the role of the PRT6/N-degron pathway in salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis. This study demonstrates that the prt6 mutation enhances salinity tolerance at the germination, seedling, and adult plant stages. Maintenance of chlorophyll content and root growth under high salt in the prt6 mutant was linked with the restricted accumulation of sodium ions (Na+) in shoots and roots of the mutant genotype. The prt6 mutation also stimulated mRNA accumulation of key transcription factors in ABA-dependent and independent pathways of osmotic/salinity tolerance, accompanied by the prominent expression of their downstream genes. Furthermore, the prt6 mutant displayed increased sensitivity to ethylene and brassinosteroids, which can suppress Na+ uptake and promote the expression of stress-responsive genes. This study provides genetic evidence that both salinity and flooding tolerance is coordinated through a common regulatory pathway in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Lamichhane
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (S.L.); (J.B.A.); (A.H.)
- Texas A & M Agrilife Research, Beaumont, TX 77713, USA
| | - Jasper B. Alpuerto
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (S.L.); (J.B.A.); (A.H.)
- Texas A & M Agrilife Research, Beaumont, TX 77713, USA
| | - Abigail Han
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (S.L.); (J.B.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Takeshi Fukao
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (S.L.); (J.B.A.); (A.H.)
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1195, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Graças JP, Ranocha P, Vitorello VA, Savelli B, Jamet E, Dunand C, Burlat V. The Class III Peroxidase Encoding Gene AtPrx62 Positively and Spatiotemporally Regulates the Low pH-Induced Cell Death in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197191. [PMID: 33003393 PMCID: PMC7582640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous low pH stress causes cell death in root cells, limiting root development, and agricultural production. Different lines of evidence suggested a relationship with cell wall (CW) remodeling players. We investigated whether class III peroxidase (CIII Prx) total activity, CIII Prx candidate gene expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) could modify CW structure during low pH-induced cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. Wild-type roots displayed a good spatio-temporal correlation between the low pH-induced cell death and total CIII Prx activity in the early elongation (EZs), transition (TZs), and meristematic (MZs) zones. In situ mRNA hybridization showed that AtPrx62 transcripts accumulated only in roots treated at pH 4.6 in the same zones where cell death was induced. Furthermore, roots of the atprx62-1 knockout mutant showed decreased cell mortality under low pH compared to wild-type roots. Among the ROS, there was a drastic decrease in O2●− levels in the MZs of wild-type and atprx62-1 roots upon low pH stress. Together, our data demonstrate that AtPrx62 expression is induced by low pH and that the produced protein could positively regulate cell death. Whether the decrease in O2●− level is related to cell death induced upon low pH treatment remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathas Pereira Graças
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", University of São Paulo, 13418-900 São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Philippe Ranocha
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | | | - Bruno Savelli
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Elisabeth Jamet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Vincent Burlat
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France
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FMO1 Is Involved in Excess Light Stress-Induced Signal Transduction and Cell Death Signaling. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102163. [PMID: 32987853 PMCID: PMC7600522 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their sessile nature, plants evolved integrated defense and acclimation mechanisms to simultaneously cope with adverse biotic and abiotic conditions. Among these are systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and systemic acquired acclimation (SAA). Growing evidence suggests that SAR and SAA activate similar cellular mechanisms and employ common signaling pathways for the induction of acclimatory and defense responses. It is therefore possible to consider these processes together, rather than separately, as a common systemic acquired acclimation and resistance (SAAR) mechanism. Arabidopsis thaliana flavin-dependent monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) was previously described as a regulator of plant resistance in response to pathogens as an important component of SAR. In the current study, we investigated its role in SAA, induced by a partial exposure of Arabidopsis rosette to local excess light stress. We demonstrate here that FMO1 expression is induced in leaves directly exposed to excess light stress as well as in systemic leaves remaining in low light. We also show that FMO1 is required for the systemic induction of ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE 2 (APX2) and ZINC-FINGER OF ARABIDOPSIS 10 (ZAT10) expression and spread of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) systemic signal in response to a local application of excess light treatment. Additionally, our results demonstrate that FMO1 is involved in the regulation of excess light-triggered systemic cell death, which is under control of LESION SIMULATING DISEASE 1 (LSD1). Our study indicates therefore that FMO1 plays an important role in triggering SAA response, supporting the hypothesis that SAA and SAR are tightly connected and use the same signaling pathways.
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Husain T, Fatima A, Suhel M, Singh S, Sharma A, Prasad SM, Singh VP. A brief appraisal of ethylene signaling under abiotic stress in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1782051. [PMID: 32692940 PMCID: PMC8550184 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1782051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
For years, ethylene has been known to humankind as the plant hormone responsible for fruit ripening. However, the multitasking aspect of ethylene is still being investigated as ever. It is one of the most diversified signaling molecules which acclimatize plant under adverse conditions. It promotes adventitious root formation, stem and petiole elongation, opening and closing of stomatal aperture, reduces salinity and metal stress, etc. Presence of ethylene checks the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species by strengthening the antioxidant machinery. Meanwhile, it interacts with other signaling molecules and initiates a cascade of adaptive responses. In the present mini review, the biosynthesis and sources of ethylene production, interaction with other signaling molecules, and its exogenous application under different abiotic stresses have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tajammul Husain
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Abreeq Fatima
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Mohammad Suhel
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Samiksha Singh
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheo Mohan Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
- Sheo Mohan Prasad Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
- CONTACT Vijay Pratap Singh Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj211002, India
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Juntawong P, Butsayawarapat P, Songserm P, Pimjan R, Vuttipongchaikij S. Overexpression of Jatropha curcas ERFVII2 Transcription Factor Confers Low Oxygen Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis by Modulating Expression of Metabolic Enzymes and Multiple Stress-Responsive Genes. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091068. [PMID: 32825465 PMCID: PMC7570394 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing crop tolerance to waterlogging is critical for improving food and biofuel security. In waterlogged soils, roots are exposed to a low oxygen environment. The group VII ethylene response factors (ERFVIIs) were recently identified as key regulators of plant low oxygen response. Oxygen-dependent N-end rule pathways can regulate the stability of ERFVIIs. This study aims to characterize the function of the Jatropha curcas ERFVIIs and the impact of N-terminal modification that stabilized the protein toward low oxygen response. This study revealed that all three JcERFVII proteins are substrates of the N-end rule pathway. Overexpression of JcERFVII2 conferred tolerance to low oxygen stress in Arabidopsis. In contrast, the constitutive overexpression of stabilized JcERFVII2 reduced low oxygen tolerance. RNA-seq was performed to elucidate the functional roles of JcERFVII2 and the impact of its N-terminal modification. Overexpression of both wildtype and stabilized JcERFVII2 constitutively upregulated the plant core hypoxia-responsive genes. Besides, overexpression of the stabilized JcERFVII2 further upregulated various genes controlling fermentative metabolic processes, oxidative stress, and pathogen responses under aerobic conditions. In summary, JcERFVII2 is an N-end rule regulated waterlogging-responsive transcription factor that modulates the expression of multiple stress-responsive genes; therefore, it is a potential candidate for molecular breeding of multiple stress-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyada Juntawong
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.B.); (P.S.); (R.P.); (S.V.)
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +66-02-562-5555
| | - Pimprapai Butsayawarapat
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.B.); (P.S.); (R.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Pattralak Songserm
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.B.); (P.S.); (R.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Ratchaneeporn Pimjan
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.B.); (P.S.); (R.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Supachai Vuttipongchaikij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.B.); (P.S.); (R.P.); (S.V.)
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Xi Y, Park SR, Kim DH, Kim ED, Sung S. Transcriptome and epigenome analyses of vernalization in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1490-1502. [PMID: 32412129 PMCID: PMC7434698 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Vernalization accelerates flowering after prolonged winter cold. Transcriptional and epigenetic changes are known to be involved in the regulation of the vernalization response. Despite intensive applications of next-generation sequencing in diverse aspects of plant research, genome-wide transcriptome and epigenome profiling during the vernalization response has not been conducted. In this work, to our knowledge, we present the first comprehensive analyses of transcriptomic and epigenomic dynamics during the vernalization process in Arabidopsis thaliana. Six major clusters of genes exhibiting distinctive features were identified. Temporary changes in histone H3K4me3 levels were observed that likely coordinate photosynthesis and prevent oxidative damage during cold exposure. In addition, vernalization induced a stable accumulation of H3K27me3 over genes encoding many development-related transcription factors, which resulted in either inhibition of transcription or a bivalent status of the genes. Lastly, FLC-like and VIN3-like genes were identified that appear to be novel components of the vernalization pathway.
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An ERF Transcription Factor Gene from Malus baccata (L.) Borkh, MbERF11, Affects Cold and Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11050514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apple, as one of the most important economic forest tree species, is widely grown in the world. Abiotic stress, such as low temperature and high salt, affect apple growth and development. Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are widely involved in the responses of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, a new ethylene response factor gene was isolated from Malus baccata (L.) Borkh and designated as MbERF11. The MbERF11 gene encoded a protein of 160 amino acid residues with a theoretical isoelectric point of 9.27 and a predicated molecular mass of 17.97 kDa. Subcellular localization showed that MbERF11 was localized to the nucleus. The expression of MbERF11 was enriched in root and stem, and was highly affected by cold, salt, and ethylene treatments in M. baccata seedlings. When MbERF11 was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana, it greatly increased the cold and salt tolerance in transgenic plant. Increased expression of MbERF11 in transgenic A. thaliana also resulted in higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), higher contents of proline and chlorophyll, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower, especially in response to cold and salt stress. Therefore, these results suggest that MbERF11 probably plays an important role in the response to cold and salt stress in Arabidopsis by enhancing the scavenging capability for reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Feng X, Feng P, Yu H, Yu X, Sun Q, Liu S, Minh TN, Chen J, Wang D, Zhang Q, Cao L, Zhou C, Li Q, Xiao J, Zhong S, Wang A, Wang L, Pan H, Ding X. GsSnRK1 interplays with transcription factor GsERF7 from wild soybean to regulate soybean stress resistance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1192-1211. [PMID: 31990078 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the function and regulation of SnRK1 have been studied in various plants, its molecular mechanisms in response to abiotic stresses are still elusive. In this work, we identified an AP2/ERF domain-containing protein (designated GsERF7) interacting with GsSnRK1 from a wild soybean cDNA library. GsERF7 gene expressed dominantly in wild soybean roots and was responsive to ethylene, salt, and alkaline. GsERF7 bound GCC cis-acting element and could be phosphorylated on S36 by GsSnRK1. GsERF7 phosphorylation facilitated its translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus and enhanced its transactivation activity. When coexpressed in the hairy roots of soybean seedlings, GsSnRK1(wt) and GsERF7(wt) promoted plants to generate higher tolerance to salt and alkaline stresses than their mutated species, suggesting that GsSnRK1 may function as a biochemical and genetic upstream kinase of GsERF7 to regulate plant adaptation to environmental stresses. Furthermore, the altered expression patterns of representative abiotic stress-responsive and hormone-synthetic genes were determined in transgenic soybean hairy roots after stress treatments. These results will aid our understanding of molecular mechanism of how SnRK1 kinase plays a cardinal role in regulating plant stress resistances through activating the biological functions of downstream factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Peng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xingyu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Thuy Nguyen Minh
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Changmei Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jialei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shihua Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hongyu Pan
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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Chen Y, Bonkowski M, Shen Y, Griffiths BS, Jiang Y, Wang X, Sun B. Root ethylene mediates rhizosphere microbial community reconstruction when chemically detecting cyanide produced by neighbouring plants. MICROBIOME 2020; 8:4. [PMID: 31954405 PMCID: PMC6969408 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-019-0775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-induced hormones are essential for plants to modulate their microbiota and dynamically adjust to the environment. Despite the emphasis of the role of the phytohormone ethylene in the plant physiological response to heterospecific neighbour detection, less is known about how this activated signal mediates focal plant rhizosphere microbiota to enhance plant fitness. Here, using 3 years of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), a legume, and cyanide-containing cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) intercropping and peanut monocropping field, pot and hydroponic experiments in addition to exogenous ethylene application and soil incubation experiments, we found that ethylene, a cyanide-derived signal, is associated with the chemical identification of neighbouring cassava and the microbial re-assemblage in the peanut rhizosphere. RESULTS Ethylene production in peanut roots can be triggered by cyanide production of neighbouring cassava plants. This gaseous signal alters the microbial composition and re-assembles the microbial co-occurrence network of peanut by shifting the abundance of an actinobacterial species, Catenulispora sp., which becomes a keystone in the intercropped peanut rhizosphere. The re-assembled rhizosphere microbiota provide more available nutrients to peanut roots and support seed production. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that root ethylene acts as a signal with a dual role. It plays a role in perceiving biochemical cues from interspecific neighbours, and also has a regulatory function in mediating the rhizosphere microbial assembly, thereby enhancing focal plant fitness by improving seed production. This discovery provides a promising direction to develop novel intercropping strategies for targeted manipulations of the rhizosphere microbiome through phytohormone signals. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Michael Bonkowski
- Terrestrial Ecology, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yi Shen
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.50 Zhonglin Street, Nanjing, 210014 China
| | - Bryan S. Griffiths
- SRUC, Crop and Soil System Research Group, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH93JG UK
| | - Yuji Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008 China
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Lee TA, Bailey-Serres J. Integrative Analysis from the Epigenome to Translatome Uncovers Patterns of Dominant Nuclear Regulation during Transient Stress. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:2573-2595. [PMID: 31519798 PMCID: PMC6881120 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Gene regulation is a dynamic process involving changes ranging from the remodeling of chromatin to preferential translation. To understand integrated nuclear and cytoplasmic gene regulatory dynamics, we performed a survey spanning the epigenome to translatome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings in response to hypoxia and reoxygenation. This included chromatin assays (examining histones, accessibility, RNA polymerase II [RNAPII], and transcription factor binding) and three RNA assays (nuclear, polyadenylated, and ribosome-associated). Dynamic patterns of nuclear regulation distinguished stress-induced and growth-associated mRNAs. The rapid upregulation of hypoxia-responsive gene transcripts and their preferential translation were generally accompanied by increased chromatin accessibility, RNAPII engagement, and reduced Histone 2A.Z association. Hypoxia promoted a progressive upregulation of heat stress transcripts, as evidenced by RNAPII binding and increased nuclear RNA, with polyadenylated RNA levels only elevated after prolonged stress or reoxygenation. Promoters of rapidly versus progressively upregulated genes were enriched for cis-elements of ethylene-responsive and heat shock factor transcription factors, respectively. Genes associated with growth, including many encoding cytosolic ribosomal proteins, underwent distinct histone modifications, yet retained RNAPII engagement and accumulated nuclear transcripts during the stress. Upon reaeration, progressively upregulated and growth-associated gene transcripts were rapidly mobilized to ribosomes. Thus, multilevel nuclear regulation of nucleosomes, transcript synthesis, accumulation, and translation tailor transient stress responses.plantcell;31/11/2573/FX1F1fx1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis A Lee
- Center for Plant Cell Biology and Botany and Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Center for Plant Cell Biology and Botany and Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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Barickman TC, Simpson CR, Sams CE. Waterlogging Causes Early Modification in the Physiological Performance, Carotenoids, Chlorophylls, Proline, and Soluble Sugars of Cucumber Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E160. [PMID: 31181725 PMCID: PMC6630288 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Waterlogging occurs because of poor soil drainage and/or excessive rainfall and is a serious abiotic stress affecting plant growth because of declining oxygen supplied to submerged tissues. Although cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is sensitive to waterlogging, its ability to generate adventitious roots facilitates gas diffusion and increases plant survival when oxygen concentrations are low. To understand the physiological responses to waterlogging, a 10-day waterlogging experiment was conducted. The objective of this study was to measure the photosynthetic and key metabolites of cucumber plants under waterlogging conditions for 10 days. Plants were also harvested at the end of 10 days and analyzed for plant height (ht), leaf number and area, fresh mass (FM), dry mass (DM), chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoid (CAR), proline, and soluble sugars. Results indicated that cucumber plants subjected to the 10-day waterlogging stress conditions were stunted, had fewer leaves, and decreased leaf area, FM, and DM. There were differences in physiological performance, Chl, CAR, proline, and soluble sugars. Overall, waterlogging stress decreased net photosynthesis (A), having a negative effect on biomass accumulation. However, these decreases were also dependent on other factors, such as plant size, morphology, and water use efficiency (WUE) that played a role in the overall metabolism of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Casey Barickman
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, Verona, MS 38879, USA.
| | - Catherine R Simpson
- Department of Agriculture, Agribusiness, and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.
| | - Carl E Sams
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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Zhu QG, Gong ZY, Huang J, Grierson D, Chen KS, Yin XR. High-CO 2/Hypoxia-Responsive Transcription Factors DkERF24 and DkWRKY1 Interact and Activate DkPDC2 Promoter. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:621-633. [PMID: 30850469 PMCID: PMC6501092 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Identification and functional characterization of hypoxia-responsive transcription factors is important for understanding plant responses to natural anaerobic environments and during storage and transport of fresh horticultural products. In this study, yeast one-hybrid library screening using the persimmon (Diospyros kaki) pyruvate decarboxylase (DkPDC2) promoter identified three ethylene response factor (ERF) genes (DkERF23/DkERF24/DkERF25) and four WRKY transcription factor genes (DkWRKY/DdkWRKY5/DkWRKY6/DkWRKY7) that were differentially expressed in response to high CO2 (95%, with 4% N2 and 1% oxygen) and high N2 (99% N2 and 1% oxygen). Yeast one-hybrid assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that DkERF23, DkERF24, DkERF25, DkWRKY6, and DkWRKY7 could directly bind to the DkPDC2 promoter. Dual-luciferase assays confirmed that these transcription factors were capable of transactivating the DkPDC2 promoter. DkERF24 and DkWRKY1 in combination synergistically transactivated the DkPDC2 promoter, and yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays confirmed protein-protein interaction between DkERF24 and DkWRKY1. Transient overexpression of DkERF24 and DkWRKY1 separately and in combination in persimmon fruit discs was effective in maintaining insolubilization of tannins, concomitantly with the accumulation of DkPDC2 transcripts. Studies with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) homologs AtERF1 and AtWRKY53 indicated that similar protein-protein interactions and synergistic regulatory effects also occur with the DkPDC2 promoter. We propose that an ERF and WRKY transcription factor complex contributes to responses to hypoxia in both persimmon fruit and Arabidopsis, and the possibility that this is a general plant response requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Gang Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Gong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingwen Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Donald Grierson
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Kun-Song Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue-Ren Yin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Huang YC, Yeh TH, Yang CY. Ethylene signaling involves in seeds germination upon submergence and antioxidant response elicited confers submergence tolerance to rice seedlings. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:23. [PMID: 30972510 PMCID: PMC6458221 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flooding has negative impact on agriculture. The plant hormone ethylene is involved in plant growth and stress responses, which are important role in tolerance and adaptation regulatory mechanisms during submergence stress. Ethylene signaling crosstalk with gibberellin signaling enhances tolerance in lowland rice (Flood Resistant 13A) through a quiescence strategy or in deepwater rice through an escape strategy when rice is submerged. Information regarding ethylene-mediated priming in submergence stress tolerance in rice is scant. Here, we used 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, an ethylene precursor, to evaluate the response in submerged rice seedlings. RESULTS The germination rate and mean germination times of rice seeds was higher in seedlings under submergence only when ethylene signaling was inhibited by supplemented with silver nitrate (AgNO3). Reduced leaf chlorophyll contents and induced senescence-associated genes in rice seedlings under submergence were relieved by pretreatment with an ethylene precursor. The ethylene-mediated priming by pretreatment with an ethylene precursor enhanced the survival rate and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2-) anion accumulation and affected antioxidant response in rice seedlings. CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment with an ethylene precursor leads to reactive oxygen species generation, which in turn triggered the antioxidant response system, thus improving the tolerance of rice seedlings to complete submergence stress. Thus, H2O2 signaling may contribute to ethylene-mediated priming to submergence stress tolerance in rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Huang
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Hao Yeh
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ying Yang
- Department of Agronomy, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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Lin CC, Chao YT, Chen WC, Ho HY, Chou MY, Li YR, Wu YL, Yang HA, Hsieh H, Lin CS, Wu FH, Chou SJ, Jen HC, Huang YH, Irene D, Wu WJ, Wu JL, Gibbs DJ, Ho MC, Shih MC. Regulatory cascade involving transcriptional and N-end rule pathways in rice under submergence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:3300-3309. [PMID: 30723146 PMCID: PMC6386710 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818507116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rice SUB1A-1 gene, which encodes a group VII ethylene response factor (ERFVII), plays a pivotal role in rice survival under flooding stress, as well as other abiotic stresses. In Arabidopsis, five ERFVII factors play roles in regulating hypoxic responses. A characteristic feature of Arabidopsis ERFVIIs is a destabilizing N terminus, which functions as an N-degron that targets them for degradation via the oxygen-dependent N-end rule pathway of proteolysis, but permits their stabilization during hypoxia for hypoxia-responsive signaling. Despite having the canonical N-degron sequence, SUB1A-1 is not under N-end rule regulation, suggesting a distinct hypoxia signaling pathway in rice during submergence. Herein we show that two other rice ERFVIIs gene, ERF66 and ERF67, are directly transcriptionally up-regulated by SUB1A-1 under submergence. In contrast to SUB1A-1, ERF66 and ERF67 are substrates of the N-end rule pathway that are stabilized under hypoxia and may be responsible for triggering a stronger transcriptional response to promote submergence survival. In support of this, overexpression of ERF66 or ERF67 leads to activation of anaerobic survival genes and enhanced submergence tolerance. Furthermore, by using structural and protein-interaction analyses, we show that the C terminus of SUB1A-1 prevents its degradation via the N-end rule and directly interacts with the SUB1A-1 N terminus, which may explain the enhanced stability of SUB1A-1 despite bearing an N-degron sequence. In summary, our results suggest that SUB1A-1, ERF66, and ERF67 form a regulatory cascade involving transcriptional and N-end rule control, which allows rice to distinguish flooding from other SUB1A-1-regulated stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Cheng Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 40227 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chieh Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Yin Ho
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Chou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ru Li
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Wu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-An Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang Hsieh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Choun-Sea Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hui Wu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jen Chou
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chung Jen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Huang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Deli Irene
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jin Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Li Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Daniel J Gibbs
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Meng-Chiao Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Shih
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan;
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University, Academia Sinica, 11529 Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 40227 Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhang Q, Liu X, Zhang Z, Liu N, Li D, Hu L. Melatonin Improved Waterlogging Tolerance in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) by Reprogramming Polyamine and Ethylene Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:44. [PMID: 30774639 PMCID: PMC6367245 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT), polyamines (PAs), and ethylene have been suggested to play key roles in plant growth and development in response to environmental abiotic stresses. However, the effect of melatonin on polyamine and ethylene metabolism under waterlogging stress has rarely been elucidated. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin pretreatment on waterlogging stress in alfalfa. The experiment was arranged into four treatment groups control with water pretreatment (CK-MT), control with melatonin pretreatment (CK+MT), waterlogging pretreated with water (WL-MT) and waterlogging pretreated with melatonin (WL+MT), with three replications. Six-week-old alfalfa seedlings were pretreated with 100 μM melatonin and exposed to waterlogging stress for 10 days. Plant growth rate, different physiological characteristics, and gene expression level were measured. Results showed that waterlogging induced melatonin accumulation, and melatonin pretreatment increased endogenous MT levels for the control and water-logged plants. Waterlogging stress caused a significant reduction in plant growth, chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), while also causing increased leaf electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Pretreatment with melatonin alleviated the waterlogging-induced damage and reduction in plant growth, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm and Pn. Waterlogging stress significantly increased leaf polyamines (Put, Spd, Spm) and ethylene levels, and the increased PAs and ethylene levels are coupled with higher metabolic enzymes and gene expressions. While pretreatment with melatonin further increased Put, Spd and Spm levels, it also decreased ethylene levels under waterlogging, and those increased PAs levels or decreased ethylene levels are regulated by the metabolic enzymes and gene expressions. The results in this study provide more comprehensive insight into the physiological and molecular mechanisms of melatonin-improved waterlogging tolerance in alfalfa. Furthermore, they suggested that melatonin improved waterlogging tolerance in alfalfa at least partially by reprogramming ethylene and PA biosynthesis, attributable to the increased PAs and decreased ethylene levels, which leads to more enhanced membrane stability and photosynthesis as well as less leaf senescence caused by ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Longxing Hu
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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48
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Zhang Q, Liu X, Zhang Z, Liu N, Li D, Hu L. Melatonin Improved Waterlogging Tolerance in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) by Reprogramming Polyamine and Ethylene Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019. [PMID: 30774639 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT), polyamines (PAs), and ethylene have been suggested to play key roles in plant growth and development in response to environmental abiotic stresses. However, the effect of melatonin on polyamine and ethylene metabolism under waterlogging stress has rarely been elucidated. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin pretreatment on waterlogging stress in alfalfa. The experiment was arranged into four treatment groups control with water pretreatment (CK-MT), control with melatonin pretreatment (CK+MT), waterlogging pretreated with water (WL-MT) and waterlogging pretreated with melatonin (WL+MT), with three replications. Six-week-old alfalfa seedlings were pretreated with 100 μM melatonin and exposed to waterlogging stress for 10 days. Plant growth rate, different physiological characteristics, and gene expression level were measured. Results showed that waterlogging induced melatonin accumulation, and melatonin pretreatment increased endogenous MT levels for the control and water-logged plants. Waterlogging stress caused a significant reduction in plant growth, chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), while also causing increased leaf electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Pretreatment with melatonin alleviated the waterlogging-induced damage and reduction in plant growth, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm and Pn. Waterlogging stress significantly increased leaf polyamines (Put, Spd, Spm) and ethylene levels, and the increased PAs and ethylene levels are coupled with higher metabolic enzymes and gene expressions. While pretreatment with melatonin further increased Put, Spd and Spm levels, it also decreased ethylene levels under waterlogging, and those increased PAs levels or decreased ethylene levels are regulated by the metabolic enzymes and gene expressions. The results in this study provide more comprehensive insight into the physiological and molecular mechanisms of melatonin-improved waterlogging tolerance in alfalfa. Furthermore, they suggested that melatonin improved waterlogging tolerance in alfalfa at least partially by reprogramming ethylene and PA biosynthesis, attributable to the increased PAs and decreased ethylene levels, which leads to more enhanced membrane stability and photosynthesis as well as less leaf senescence caused by ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhifei Zhang
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ningfang Liu
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Danzhu Li
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Longxing Hu
- Department of Pratacultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Sun LR, Zhao ZJ, Hao FS. NADPH oxidases, essential players of hormone signalings in plant development and response to stresses. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1657343. [PMID: 31431139 PMCID: PMC6804714 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1657343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane NADPH oxidases (NOXs), also named respiratory burst oxidase homologues (Rbohs), are critical generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which as signal molecules regulate growth and development, and adaptation to various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. NOXs-dependent ROS production is frequently induced by diverse phytohormones. The ROS commonly function downstream of, and interplay with hormone signalings, coordinately modulating plant development and stress tolerance. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the roles and molecular mechanisms of Rbohs in mediating signalings of multiple hormones including auxin, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene and brassinosteroids in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Rong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhi Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Fu Shun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- CONTACT Fu Shun Hao State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Xie Z, Nolan TM, Jiang H, Yin Y. AP2/ERF Transcription Factor Regulatory Networks in Hormone and Abiotic Stress Responses in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:228. [PMID: 30873200 PMCID: PMC6403161 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic environmental changes such as extreme temperature, water scarcity and high salinity affect plant growth, survival, and reproduction. Plants have evolved sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to adapt to these unfavorable conditions, many of which interface with plant hormone signaling pathways. Abiotic stresses alter the production and distribution of phytohormones that in turn mediate stress responses at least in part through hormone- and stress-responsive transcription factors. Among these, the APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) family transcription factors (AP2/ERFs) have emerged as key regulators of various stress responses, in which they also respond to hormones with improved plant survival during stress conditions. Apart from participation in specific stresses, AP2/ERFs are involved in a wide range of stress tolerance, enabling them to form an interconnected stress regulatory network. Additionally, many AP2/ERFs respond to the plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET) to help activate ABA and ET dependent and independent stress-responsive genes. While some AP2/ERFs are implicated in growth and developmental processes mediated by gibberellins (GAs), cytokinins (CTK), and brassinosteroids (BRs). The involvement of AP2/ERFs in hormone signaling adds the complexity of stress regulatory network. In this review, we summarize recent studies on AP2/ERF transcription factors in hormonal and abiotic stress responses with an emphasis on selected family members in Arabidopsis. In addition, we leverage publically available Arabidopsis gene networks and transcriptome data to investigate AP2/ERF regulatory networks, providing context and important clues about the roles of diverse AP2/ERFs in controlling hormone and stress responses.
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