1
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Carroll G, Abrahms B, Brodie S, Cimino MA. Spatial match-mismatch between predators and prey under climate change. Nat Ecol Evol 2024:10.1038/s41559-024-02454-0. [PMID: 38914712 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is driving a rapid redistribution of life on Earth. Variability in the rates, magnitudes and directions of species' shifts can alter spatial overlap between predators and prey, with the potential to decouple trophic interactions. Although phenological mismatches between predator requirements and prey availability under climate change are well-established, 'spatial match-mismatch' dynamics remain poorly understood. We synthesize global evidence for climate-driven changes in spatial predator-prey overlap resulting from species redistribution across marine and terrestrial domains. We show that spatial mismatches can have vastly different outcomes for predator populations depending on their diet specialization and role within the wider ecosystem. We illustrate ecosystem-level consequences of climate-driven changes in spatial predator-prey overlap, from restructuring food webs to altering socio-ecological interactions. It remains unclear how predator-prey overlap at the landscape scale relates to prey encounter and consumption rates at local scales, or how the spatial reorganization of food webs affects ecosystem function. We identify key research directions necessary to resolve the scale of ecological impacts caused by species redistribution under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Briana Abrahms
- Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie Brodie
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Environment, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megan A Cimino
- Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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2
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Ko CY, Lee YC, Wang YC, Hsu HH, Chow CH, Chen RG, Liu TH, Chen CS, Chiu TS, Chiang DH, Wu RF, Tseng WL. Modulations of ocean-atmosphere interactions on squid abundance over Southwest Atlantic. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118444. [PMID: 38360168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic shifts in seas are reshaping fishing trends, with significant implications for aquatic food sources throughout this century. Examining a 21-year abundance dataset of Argentine shortfin squids Illex argentinus paired with a regional oceanic analysis, we noted strong correlations between squid annual abundance and sea surface temperature (SST) in January and February and eddy kinetic energy (EKE) from March to May in the Southwest Atlantic. A deeper analysis revealed combined ocean-atmosphere interactions, pinpointed as the primary mode in a rotated empirical orthogonal function analysis of SST. This pattern produced colder SST and amplified EKE in the surrounding seas, factors crucial for the unique life stages of squids. Future projections from the CMIP6 archive indicated that this ocean-atmosphere pattern, referred to as the Atlantic symmetric pattern, would persist in its cold SST phase, promoting increased squid abundance. However, rising SSTs due to global warming might counteract the abundance gains. Our findings uncover a previously unrecognized link between squids and specific environmental conditions governed by broader ocean-atmosphere interactions in the Southwest Atlantic. Integrating these insights with seasonal and decadal projections can offer invaluable information to stakeholders in squid fisheries and marine conservation under a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ying Ko
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Biodiversity Research Center, Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Life Science, and Master's Program in Biodiversity, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Ocean Center, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taiwan; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, USA.
| | - Yi-Chi Wang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
| | - Huang-Hsiung Hsu
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
| | - Chun Hoe Chow
- Department of Marine Environmental Informatics, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan.
| | - Ruei-Gu Chen
- Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Han Liu
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Shin Chen
- Institute of Marine Affairs and Resource Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan.
| | - Tai-Sheng Chiu
- Biodiversity Research Center, Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Life Science, and Master's Program in Biodiversity, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
| | - Don-Hsieh Chiang
- Overseas Fisheries Development Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan.
| | - Ren-Fen Wu
- Overseas Fisheries Development Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Ling Tseng
- Ocean Center, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; International Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable Development, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
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3
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Affinito F, Kordas RL, Matias MG, Pawar S. Metabolic plasticity drives mismatches in physiological traits between prey and predator. Commun Biol 2024; 7:653. [PMID: 38806643 PMCID: PMC11133466 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rate, the rate of energy use, underpins key ecological traits of organisms, from development and locomotion to interaction rates between individuals. In a warming world, the temperature-dependence of metabolic rate is anticipated to shift predator-prey dynamics. Yet, there is little real-world evidence on the effects of warming on trophic interactions. We measured the respiration rates of aquatic larvae of three insect species from populations experiencing a natural temperature gradient in a large-scale mesocosm experiment. Using a mechanistic model we predicted the effects of warming on these taxa's predator-prey interaction rates. We found that species-specific differences in metabolic plasticity lead to mismatches in the temperature-dependence of their relative velocities, resulting in altered predator-prey interaction rates. This study underscores the role of metabolic plasticity at the species level in modifying trophic interactions and proposes a mechanistic modelling approach that allows an efficient, high-throughput estimation of climate change threats across species pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Affinito
- Imperial College London Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Berks, SL5 7PY, UK.
- McGill University Department of Biology, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.
- Québec Centre for Biodiversity Science, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.
| | - Rebecca L Kordas
- Imperial College London Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Berks, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Miguel G Matias
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), C. de José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, Chamartín, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Rui Nabeiro Biodiversity Chair, MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Pólo da Mitra Apartado 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - Samraat Pawar
- Imperial College London Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Berks, SL5 7PY, UK
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4
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Coulon N, Elliott S, Teichert N, Auber A, McLean M, Barreau T, Feunteun E, Carpentier A. Northeast Atlantic elasmobranch community on the move: Functional reorganization in response to climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17157. [PMID: 38273525 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
While spatial distribution shifts have been documented in many marine fishes under global change, the responses of elasmobranchs have rarely been studied, which may have led to an underestimation of their potential additional threats. Given their irreplaceable role in ecosystems and their high extinction risk, we used a 24-year time series (1997-2020) of scientific bottom trawl surveys to examine the effects of climate change on the spatial distribution of nine elasmobranch species within Northeast Atlantic waters. Using a hierarchical modeling of species communities, belonging to the joint species distribution models, we found that suitable habitats for four species increased on average by a factor of 1.6 and, for six species, shifted north-eastwards and/or to deeper waters over the past two decades. By integrating species traits, we showed changes in habitat suitability led to changes in the elasmobranchs trait composition. Moreover, communities shifted to deeper waters and their mean trophic level decreased. We also note an increase in the mean community size at maturity concurrent with a decrease in fecundity. Because skates and sharks are functionally unique and dangerously vulnerable to both climate change and fishing, we advocate for urgent considerations of species traits in management measures. Their use would make it better to identify species whose loss could have irreversible impacts in face of the myriad of anthropogenic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Coulon
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Dinard, France
| | - Sophie Elliott
- Salmon & Trout Research Centre, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Wareham, UK
| | - Nils Teichert
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Dinard, France
| | - Arnaud Auber
- Unité Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, IFREMER, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas Barreau
- Service des Stations Marine, Station Marine de Dinard, Dinard, France
| | - Eric Feunteun
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Dinard, France
| | - Alexandre Carpentier
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
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5
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Shipley ON, Olin JA, Scott C, Camhi M, Frisk MG. Emerging human-shark conflicts in the New York Bight: A call for expansive science and management. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 103:1538-1542. [PMID: 37632707 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent spikes in interactions between humans and sharks in the New York Bight have sparked widespread reporting of possible causalities, many of which lack empirical support. Here we comment on the current state of knowledge regarding shark biology and management in New York waters emphasizing that the possible drivers of increased human-shark interactions are confounded by a lack of historical monitoring data. We outline several key research avenues that should be considered to ensure the safe and sustainable coexistence of humans, sharks, and their prey, in an era of accelerated environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver N Shipley
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jill A Olin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Great Lakes Research Center, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Scott
- Division of Marine Resources, New York Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Merry Camhi
- New York Seascape Program, New York Aquarium, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Michael G Frisk
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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6
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Thompson MSA, Couce E, Schratzberger M, Lynam CP. Climate change affects the distribution of diversity across marine food webs. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6606-6619. [PMID: 37814904 PMCID: PMC10946503 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Many studies predict shifts in species distributions and community size composition in response to climate change, yet few have demonstrated how these changes will be distributed across marine food webs. We use Bayesian Additive Regression Trees to model how climate change will affect the habitat suitability of marine fish species across a range of body sizes and belonging to different feeding guilds, each with different habitat and feeding requirements in the northeast Atlantic shelf seas. Contrasting effects of climate change are predicted for feeding guilds, with spatially extensive decreases in the species richness of consumers lower in the food web (planktivores) but increases for those higher up (piscivores). Changing spatial patterns in predator-prey mass ratios and fish species size composition are also predicted for feeding guilds and across the fish assemblage. In combination, these changes could influence nutrient uptake and transformation, transfer efficiency and food web stability, and thus profoundly alter ecosystem structure and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray S. A. Thompson
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
| | - Elena Couce
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
| | - Michaela Schratzberger
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
| | - Christopher P. Lynam
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Lowestoft LaboratoryLowestoftUK
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7
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Valente S, Moro S, Di Lorenzo M, Milisenda G, Maiorano L, Colloca F. Mediterranean fish communities are struggling to adapt to global warming. Evidence from the western coast of Italy. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 191:106176. [PMID: 37716279 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has significant impacts on marine ecosystems, resulting in disruptions in biological interactions, shifts in community composition, and changes in the physiology of fish and other marine organisms. In this study conducted in the central Mediterranean Sea, the mean temperature of the catch (MTC) was employed as an indicator to investigate the climatological factors influencing the fish community. The MTC, which utilizes species-preferred temperatures, was calculated using bottom temperature (BT) data weighted against scientific catches. The estimated MTC increasing rates were 0.01 °C year-1 for the entire community, 0.017 °C year-1 for the shelf break, and 0.004 °C year-1 for the continental slope assemblage. We found that MTC is increasing at a lower rate compared to BT, suggesting a progressive under-adaptation of the fish community that seems not fully able to keep up with the ongoing pace of warming. The study identified sea surface temperature and bottom temperature as key drivers of changes in fish community composition. Notably, the fish community composition exhibited drastic changes over the studied period, and we suggest that the MTC can be a useful index to monitor such changes within the context of the EU's climate change adaptation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Valente
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, via Po' 25c, 00189, Rome, Italy; Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Moro
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, via Po' 25c, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Manfredi Di Lorenzo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo, I-90149, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giacomo Milisenda
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo, I-90149, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luigi Maiorano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Colloca
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, via Po' 25c, 00189, Rome, Italy
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8
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Wang K, Zhao K, Xiong X, Zhu H, Ao H, Ma K, Xie Z, Wu C, Wang H, Zhang H, Zhang P, Xu J. Altered Energy Mobilization Within the Littoral Food Web in New Habitat Created by Climate-Induced Changes in Lake Water Level. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.886372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Littoral zones in oligotrophic lakes play an essential role in supporting animal consumers and in the exchange of matter between the water body and the terrestrial sources, but are easily altered by changes in water level. We studied Qinghai Lake, a deep oligotrophic lake in northwest China, where lake water level has increased rapidly in recent years, altering the character of the littoral zones. We sampled common organisms and used stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses to compare how contributions of different sources (allochthonous and autochthonous) to the diets of consumers differed between sand (original habitat, OH) and submerged grassland (new habitat, NH) substrate habitat conditions. Our results showed that allochthonous resources (i.e., terrestrial detritus) constituted the largest diet proportion of consumers in OH due to poor nutrient conditions, while consumers in NH utilized more autochthonous resources (i.e., Cladophora and phytoplankton). We also found that terrestrial nutrient subsidies from soil and decomposed grass led to increased biomasses of Cladophora, phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos in NH compared to those in OH, accounting for autochthonous replacement of part of the allochthonous resources in NH. Therefore, hydrological conditions may alter the trophic interactions within littoral food webs, contributing to a more complex and interconnected food web. Overall, our results suggest that the littoral food webs of Qinghai Lake are vulnerable to changes in hydrological conditions, which may be enhanced by climate change.
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9
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Bosch NE, McLean M, Zarco-Perello S, Bennett S, Stuart-Smith RD, Vergés A, Pessarrodona A, Tuya F, Langlois T, Spencer C, Bell S, Saunders BJ, Harvey ES, Wernberg T. Persistent thermally driven shift in the functional trait structure of herbivorous fishes: Evidence of top-down control on the rebound potential of temperate seaweed forests? GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2296-2311. [PMID: 34981602 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events can reshape the functional structure of ecological communities, potentially altering ecological interactions and ecosystem functioning. While these shifts have been widely documented, evidence of their persistence and potential flow-on effects on ecosystem structure following relaxation of extreme events remains limited. Here, we investigate changes in the functional trait structure - encompassing dimensions of resource use, thermal affinity, and body size - of herbivorous fishes in a temperate reef system that experienced an extreme marine heatwave (MHW) and subsequent return to cool conditions. We quantify how changes in the trait structure modified the nature and intensity of herbivory-related functions (macroalgae, turf, and sediment removal), and explored the potential flow-on effects on the recovery dynamics of macroalgal foundation species. The trait structure of the herbivorous fish assemblage shifted as a result of the MHW, from dominance of cool-water browsing species to increased evenness in the distribution of abundance among temperate and tropical guilds supporting novel herbivory roles (i.e. scraping, cropping, and sediment sucking). Despite the abundance of tropical herbivorous fishes and intensity of herbivory-related functions declined following a period of cooling after the MHW, the underlying trait structure displayed limited recovery. Concomitantly, algal assemblages displayed a lack of recovery of the formerly dominant foundational species, the kelp Ecklonia radiata, transitioning to an alternative state dominated by turf and Sargassum spp. Our study demonstrates a legacy effect of an extreme MHW and exemplified the value of monitoring phenotypic (trait mediated) changes in the nature of core ecosystem processes to predict and adapt to the future configurations of changing reef ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nestor E Bosch
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Salvador Zarco-Perello
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Scott Bennett
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rick D Stuart-Smith
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Adriana Vergés
- Centre of Marine Science & Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Albert Pessarrodona
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fernando Tuya
- Grupo en Biodiversidad y Conservación, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de G.C., Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Tim Langlois
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Claude Spencer
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sahira Bell
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Saunders
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Euan S Harvey
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- The UWA Oceans Institute, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute of Marine Research, His, Norway
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10
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Chouvelon T, Gilbert L, Caurant F, Méndez‐Fernandez P, Bustamante P, Brault‐Favrou M, Spitz J. Nutritional grouping of marine forage species reveals contrasted exposure of high trophic levels to essential micro‐nutrients. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Chouvelon
- Observatoire Pelagis, UAR 3462 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS La Rochelle France
- Ifremer, Unité Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins (CCEM) Nantes Cedex France
| | - Lola Gilbert
- Observatoire Pelagis, UAR 3462 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS La Rochelle France
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR 7372 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS Villiers‐en‐Bois France
| | - Florence Caurant
- Observatoire Pelagis, UAR 3462 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS La Rochelle France
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR 7372 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS Villiers‐en‐Bois France
| | | | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS La Rochelle France
- Inst. Univ. de France (IUF) Paris France
| | - Maud Brault‐Favrou
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS La Rochelle France
| | - Jérôme Spitz
- Observatoire Pelagis, UAR 3462 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS La Rochelle France
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR 7372 La Rochelle Univ./CNRS Villiers‐en‐Bois France
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11
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Using species distribution models only may underestimate climate change impacts on future marine biodiversity. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Mysłajek RW, Romański M, Kwiatkowska I, Stępniak KM, Figura M, Nowak-Brzezińska A, Diserens TA, Nowak S. Temporal changes in the wolf Canis lupus diet in Wigry National Park (northeast Poland). ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2021.1907787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Mysłajek
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Żwirki i Wigury 101, Warszawa 02-089, Poland
| | | | - Iga Kwiatkowska
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Żwirki i Wigury 101, Warszawa 02-089, Poland
| | - Kinga M. Stępniak
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Żwirki i Wigury 101, Warszawa 02-089, Poland
| | - Michał Figura
- Association for Nature “Wolf”, Cynkowa 4, Twardorzeczka 34-324, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Nowak-Brzezińska
- Institute of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 12, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Tom A. Diserens
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Stoczek 1, Białowieża 17-230, Poland
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, Warsaw 02-089, Poland
| | - Sabina Nowak
- Association for Nature “Wolf”, Cynkowa 4, Twardorzeczka 34-324, Poland
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13
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Botella C, Dray S, Matias C, Miele V, Thuiller W. An appraisal of graph embeddings for comparing trophic network architectures. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Botella
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LECA Grenoble France
| | - Stéphane Dray
- Université de Lyon Lyon France
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive Université Lyon 1 CNRS UMR5558 Villeurbanne France
| | - Catherine Matias
- Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistique et Modélisation Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Sorbonne Université Université de Paris Paris France
| | - Vincent Miele
- Université de Lyon Lyon France
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive Université Lyon 1 CNRS UMR5558 Villeurbanne France
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LECA Grenoble France
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14
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Wu J. The risk of forfeiting the ranges of reptiles under nonrandom and stochastic scenarios of moving climate conditions: a case study for 115 species in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:51511-51529. [PMID: 33982261 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the hazard features of forfeiting areal ranges for nonidentical scenarios of shifting climatic conditions is pivotal for the conformation of reptiles to climatic warming. Taking 115 reptiles in China as an example, the indefiniteness and danger of shrinking geographical range for the reptiles under stochastic and nonrandom scenarios of moving climatic situations were inspected via exploiting the scenarios of shifting climatic status associated with the representative concentration pathways, Monte Carlo simulation, and the classifications scheme based on the fuzzy set. For non-stochastic states of altering climatic elements, the richness of 115 reptiles improved in certain sites of northeastern, and western China and dropped in several areas of northern, eastern, central China, and southeastern China: roughly 59-74 reptiles forfeiting less than 20% of their present ranges, roughly 25-34 reptiles narrowing less than 20-40% of their present areal ranges, and roughly 105-111 reptiles inhabited more than 80% of their overall areal ranges. For the random status of shifting climatic elements, the count of reptiles that forfeited the various extent of the present or entire areal ranges descended with raising the eventuality; with a possibility of over 0.6, the count of reptiles that minified less than 20%, 20-40%, 40-60%, 60-80% and over 80% of the present ranges was roughly 28-49, 5-10, 1-3, 0-1 and 13-18, separately; the count of reptiles that inhabited below 20%, 20-40%, 40-60%, 60-80% and more than 80% of the entire real ranges was roughly 0-1, 5-6, 1-5, 0-2 and 35-36, separately. About 30% of 115 reptiles would face disappearance danger in response to moving climate conditions in the absence of adaption steps, and the conformation measures were indispensable for the reptiles that shrunk their areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- The Institute of Environmental Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No 8, Da Yang Fang, Beiyuan, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China.
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15
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Invasive knotweed modifies predator–prey interactions in the soil food web. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Galiana N, Barros C, Braga J, Ficetola GF, Maiorano L, Thuiller W, Montoya JM, Lurgi M. The spatial scaling of food web structure across European biogeographical regions. ECOGRAPHY 2021; 44:653-664. [PMID: 36620425 PMCID: PMC7614028 DOI: 10.1111/ecog.05229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The species-area relationship (SAR) is one of the most well-established scaling patterns in ecology. Its implications for understanding how communities change across spatial gradients are numerous, including the effects of habitat loss on biodiversity. However, ecological communities are not mere collections of species. They are the result of interactions between these species forming complex networks that tie them together. Should we aim to grasp the spatial scaling of biodiversity as a whole, it is fundamental to understand the changes in the structure of interaction networks with area. In spite of a few empirical and theoretical studies that address this challenge, we still do not know much about how network structure changes with area, or what are the main environmental drivers of these changes. Here, using the meta-network of potential interactions between all terrestrial vertebrates in Europe (1140 species and 67 201 feeding interactions), we analysed network-area relationships (NARs) that summarize how network properties scale with area. We do this across ten biogeographical regions, which differ in environmental characteristics. We found that the spatial scaling of network complexity strongly varied across biogeographical regions. However, once the variation in SARs was accounted for, differences in the shape of NARs vanished. On the other hand, the proportion of species across trophic levels remained remarkably constant across biogeographical regions and spatial scales, despite the great variation in species richness. Spatial variation in mean annual temperature and habitat clustering were the main environmental determinants of the shape of both SARs and NARs across Europe. Our results suggest new avenues in the exploration of the effects of environmental factors on the spatial scaling of biodiversity. We argue that NARs can provide new insights to analyse and understand ecological communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Galiana
- Centre for Biodiversity Modelling and Theory, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier Univ., Moulis, France
| | - Ceres Barros
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine), Grenoble, France; Dept of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - João Braga
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine), Grenoble, France
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine), Grenoble, France; Dept of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Univ. degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria
| | - Luigi Maiorano
- Dept of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Univ. di Roma 'La Sapienza', Roma, Italia
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine), Grenoble, France
| | - José M Montoya
- Centre for Biodiversity Modelling and Theory, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier Univ., Moulis, France
| | - Miguel Lurgi
- Centre for Biodiversity Modelling and Theory, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier Univ., Moulis, France; Dept of Biosciences, Swansea Univ., Swansea, UK
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17
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Abstract
Predicting food web structure in future climates is a pressing goal of ecology. These predictions may be impossible without a solid understanding of the factors that structure current food webs. The most fundamental aspect of food web structure-the relationship between the number of links and species-is still poorly understood. Some species interactions may be physically or physiologically 'forbidden'-like consumption by non-consumer species-with possible consequences for food web structure. We show that accounting for these 'forbidden interactions' constrains the feasible link-species space, in tight agreement with empirical data. Rather than following one particular scaling relationship, food webs are distributed throughout this space according to shared biotic and abiotic features. Our study provides new insights into the long-standing question of which factors determine this fundamental aspect of food web structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean P Gibert
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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18
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Alabia ID, Molinos JG, Saitoh SI, Hirata T, Hirawake T, Mueter FJ. Multiple facets of marine biodiversity in the Pacific Arctic under future climate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140913. [PMID: 32721679 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is triggering a global reorganization of marine life. Biogeographical transition zones, diversity-rich regions straddling biogeographical units where many species live at, or close to, their physiological tolerance limits (i.e., range distribution edges), are redistribution hotspots that offer a unique opportunity to understand the mechanisms and consequences of climate-driven thermophilization processes in natural communities. In this context, we examined the impacts of climate change projections in the 21st century (2026-2100) on marine biodiversity in the Eastern Bering and Chukchi seas within the Pacific Arctic, a climatically exposed and sensitive boreal-to-Arctic transition zone. Overall, projected changes in species distributions, modeled using species distribution models, resulted in poleward increases in species richness and functional redundancy, along with pronounced reductions in phylogenetic distances by century's end (2076-2100). Future poleward shifts of boreal species in response to warming and sea ice changes are projected to alter the taxonomic and functional biogeography of contemporary Arctic communities as larger, longer-lived and more predatory taxa expand their leading distributional margins. Drawing from the existing evidence from other Arctic regions, these changes are anticipated to increase the susceptibility and vulnerability of the Arctic ecosystems, as trophic connectance between biological components increases, thus decreasing the modularity of Arctic food webs. Our results demonstrate how integrating multiple diversity facets can provide key insights into the relationships between climate change, species composition and ecosystem functioning across marine biogeographic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene D Alabia
- Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, N21 W11 Kita-ku, 001-0021 Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Jorge García Molinos
- Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, N21 W11 Kita-ku, 001-0021 Sapporo, Japan; Global Station for Arctic Research, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Saitoh
- Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, N21 W11 Kita-ku, 001-0021 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hirata
- Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, N21 W11 Kita-ku, 001-0021 Sapporo, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Hirawake
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 041-8611 Hakodate, Japan
| | - Franz J Mueter
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK, 99801 United States of America
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19
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Pecuchet L, Blanchet MA, Frainer A, Husson B, Jørgensen LL, Kortsch S, Primicerio R. Novel feeding interactions amplify the impact of species redistribution on an Arctic food web. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:4894-4906. [PMID: 32479687 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Species are redistributing globally in response to climate warming, impacting ecosystem functions and services. In the Barents Sea, poleward expansion of boreal species and a decreased abundance of Arctic species are causing a rapid borealization of the Arctic communities. This borealization might have profound consequences on the Arctic food web by creating novel feeding interactions between previously non co-occurring species. An early identification of new feeding links is crucial to predict their ecological impact. However, detection by traditional approaches, including stomach content and isotope analyses, although fundamental, cannot cope with the speed of change observed in the region, nor with the urgency of understanding the consequences of species redistribution for the marine ecosystem. In this study, we used an extensive food web (metaweb) with nearly 2,500 documented feeding links between 239 taxa coupled with a trait data set to predict novel feeding interactions and to quantify their potential impact on Arctic food web structure. We found that feeding interactions are largely determined by the body size of interacting species, although species foraging habitat and metabolic type are also important predictors. Further, we found that all boreal species will have at least one potential resource in the Arctic region should they redistribute therein. During 2014-2017, 11 boreal species were observed in the Arctic region of the Barents Sea. These incoming species, which are all generalists, change the structural properties of the Arctic food web by increasing connectance and decreasing modularity. In addition, these boreal species are predicted to initiate novel feeding interactions with the Arctic residents, which might amplify their impact on Arctic food web structure affecting ecosystem functioning and vulnerability. Under the ongoing species redistribution caused by environmental change, we propose merging a trait-based approach with ecological network analysis to efficiently predict the impacts of range-shifting species on food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurene Pecuchet
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marie-Anne Blanchet
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - André Frainer
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Susanne Kortsch
- Environmental and Marine Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Raul Primicerio
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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20
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Zarco‐Perello S, Carroll G, Vanderklift M, Holmes T, Langlois TJ, Wernberg T. Range‐extending tropical herbivores increase diversity, intensity and extent of herbivory functions in temperate marine ecosystems. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Zarco‐Perello
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Crawley (Perth) WA Australia
| | - Gemma Carroll
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
- Environmental Research Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Monterey CA USA
| | - Mat Vanderklift
- Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre Crawley WA Australia
| | - Thomas Holmes
- Marine Science Program, Biodiversity and Conservation Science Division Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and AttractionsKensington WA Australia
| | - Tim J. Langlois
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Crawley (Perth) WA Australia
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Crawley (Perth) WA Australia
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21
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Hawkins BL, Fullerton AH, Sanderson BL, Steel EA. Individual‐based simulations suggest mixed impacts of warmer temperatures and a nonnative predator on Chinook salmon. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. L. Hawkins
- Ecology, Behavior and Evolution Section Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego San Diego California USA
| | - A. H. Fullerton
- Fish Ecology Division Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries ServiceNOAA Seattle Washington USA
| | - B. L. Sanderson
- Fish Ecology Division Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries ServiceNOAA Seattle Washington USA
| | - E. A. Steel
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences and Department of Statistics University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
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22
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Perry D, Staveley T, Deyanova D, Baden S, Dupont S, Hernroth B, Wood H, Björk M, Gullström M. Global environmental changes negatively impact temperate seagrass ecosystems. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Perry
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Aquatic Resources Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Lysekil Sweden
| | - Thomas Staveley
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- AquaBiota Water Research Stockholm Sweden
| | - Diana Deyanova
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Kristineberg Fiskebäckskil Sweden
| | - Susanne Baden
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Kristineberg Fiskebäckskil Sweden
| | - Sam Dupont
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Kristineberg Fiskebäckskil Sweden
| | - Bodil Hernroth
- The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Kristineberg Fiskebäckskil Sweden
- Department of Natural Science Kristianstad University Kristianstad Sweden
| | - Hannah Wood
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Kristineberg Fiskebäckskil Sweden
| | - Mats Björk
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Martin Gullström
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Gothenburg Kristineberg Fiskebäckskil Sweden
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23
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Advances and challenges in modelling the impacts of invasive alien species on aquatic ecosystems. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Azzurro E, Sbragaglia V, Cerri J, Bariche M, Bolognini L, Ben Souissi J, Busoni G, Coco S, Chryssanthi A, Fanelli E, Ghanem R, Garrabou J, Gianni F, Grati F, Kolitari J, Letterio G, Lipej L, Mazzoldi C, Milone N, Pannacciulli F, Pešić A, Samuel-Rhoads Y, Saponari L, Tomanic J, Eda Topçu N, Vargiu G, Moschella P. Climate change, biological invasions, and the shifting distribution of Mediterranean fishes: A large-scale survey based on local ecological knowledge. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:2779-2792. [PMID: 31111639 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and biological invasions are rapidly reshuffling species distribution, restructuring the biological communities of many ecosystems worldwide. Tracking these transformations in the marine environment is crucial, but our understanding of climate change effects and invasive species dynamics is often hampered by the practical challenge of surveying large geographical areas. Here, we focus on the Mediterranean Sea, a hot spot for climate change and biological invasions to investigate recent spatiotemporal changes in fish abundances and distribution. To this end, we accessed the local ecological knowledge (LEK) of small-scale and recreational fishers, reconstructing the dynamics of fish perceived as "new" or increasing in different fishing areas. Over 500 fishers across 95 locations and nine different countries were interviewed, and semiquantitative information on yearly changes in species abundance was collected. Overall, 75 species were mentioned by the respondents, mostly warm-adapted species of both native and exotic origin. Respondents belonging to the same biogeographic sectors described coherent spatial and temporal patterns, and gradients along latitudinal and longitudinal axes were revealed. This information provides a more complete understanding of the shifting distribution of Mediterranean fishes and it also demonstrates that adequately structured LEK methodology might be applied successfully beyond the local scale, across national borders and jurisdictions. Acknowledging this potential through macroregional coordination could pave the way for future large-scale aggregations of individual observations, increasing our potential for integrated monitoring and conservation planning at the regional or even global level. This might help local communities to better understand, manage, and adapt to the ongoing biotic transformations driven by climate change and biological invaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Azzurro
- ISPRA, Livorno, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ana Pešić
- Institute of Marine Biology Kotor, Kotor, Montenegro
| | | | - Luca Saponari
- Università degli Studi Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Vargiu
- Parco Nazionale dell'Asinara e Area Marina Protetta Isola dell'Asinara, Asinara, Italy
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25
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The marine fish food web is globally connected. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:1153-1161. [PMID: 31358950 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The productivity of marine ecosystems and the services they provide to humans are largely dependent on complex interactions between prey and predators. These are embedded in a diverse network of trophic interactions, resulting in a cascade of events following perturbations such as species extinction. The sheer scale of oceans, however, precludes the characterization of marine feeding networks through de novo sampling. This effort ought instead to rely on a combination of extensive data and inference. Here we investigate how the distribution of trophic interactions at the global scale shapes the marine fish food web structure. We hypothesize that the heterogeneous distribution of species ranges in biogeographic regions should concentrate interactions in the warmest areas and within species groups. We find that the inferred global metaweb of marine fish-that is, all possible potential feeding links between co-occurring species-is highly connected geographically with a low degree of spatial modularity. Metrics of network structure correlate with sea surface temperature and tend to peak towards the tropics. In contrast to open-water communities, coastal food webs have greater interaction redundancy, which may confer robustness to species extinction. Our results suggest that marine ecosystems are connected yet display some resistance to perturbations because of high robustness at most locations.
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26
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Laplacian matrices and Turing bifurcations: revisiting Levin 1974 and the consequences of spatial structure and movement for ecological dynamics. THEOR ECOL-NETH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12080-018-0403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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27
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Trophic overlap between expanding and contracting fish predators in a range margin undergoing change. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7895. [PMID: 29785034 PMCID: PMC5962582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to cause a freshening of the Baltic Sea, facilitating range expansions of freshwater species and contractions of marine. Resident marine flounders (Platichthys flesus) and expansive freshwater roach (Rutilus rutilus) are dominant consumers in the Baltic Sea sublittoral where they occur in partial sympatry. By comparing patterns of resource use by flounders and roach along a declining resource gradient of blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) our aim was to explore predator functional responses and the degree of trophic overlap. Understanding the nature of density-dependent prey acquisition has important implications for predicting population dynamics of both predators and their shared prey. Results showed a highly specialized diet for both species, high reliance on blue mussels throughout the range, similar prey size preference and high trophic overlap. Highest overlap occurred where blue mussels were abundant but overlap was also high where they were scarce. Our results highlight the importance of a single food item - the blue mussel - for both species, likely promoting high population size and range expansion of roach. Findings also suggest that range expansion of roach may have a top-down structuring force on mussels that differ in severity and location from that originating from resident flounders.
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28
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Renaut S, Budden AE, Gravel D, Poisot T, Peres-Neto P. Management, Archiving, and Sharing for Biologists and the Role of Research Institutions in the Technology-Oriented Age. Bioscience 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biy038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Renaut
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Amber E Budden
- DataONE at the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Timothée Poisot
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
| | - Pedro Peres-Neto
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science, Montréal, Canada
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29
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Linking DNA Metabarcoding and Text Mining to Create Network-Based Biomonitoring Tools: A Case Study on Boreal Wetland Macroinvertebrate Communities. ADV ECOL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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30
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Gonzalez A, Thompson P, Loreau M. Spatial ecological networks: planning for sustainability in the long-term. CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 2017; 29:187-197. [PMID: 29696070 PMCID: PMC5912508 DOI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Humans are producing complex and often undesirable social and ecological outcomes in many landscapes around the world. To sustain biodiversity and ecosystem services in fragmented landscapes conservation planning has turned to the identification and protection of large-scale spatial ecological networks (SEN). Now widely adopted, this approach typically focuses on static connectivity, and ignores the feedbacks between changes to the network's topology and the eco-evolutionary dynamics on the network. We review theory showing that diversity, stability, ecosystem functioning and evolutionary adaptation all vary nonlinearly with connectivity. Measuring and modelling an SEN's long-term dynamics is immensely challenging but necessary if our goal is sustainability. We show an example where the robustness of an SEN's ecological properties to node and link loss depends on the centrality of the nodes targeted. The design and protection of sustainable SENs requires scenarios of how landscape change affects network structure and the feedback this will have on dynamics. Once established, SEN must be monitored if their design is to be adapted to keep their dynamics within a safe and socially just operating space. When SEN are co-designed with a broad array of stakeholders and actors they can be a powerful means of creating a more positive relationship between people and nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gonzalez
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Patrick Thompson
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Michel Loreau
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier University, 09200 Moulis, France
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31
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Staniczenko PPA, Lewis OT, Tylianakis JM, Albrecht M, Coudrain V, Klein AM, Reed-Tsochas F. Predicting the effect of habitat modification on networks of interacting species. Nat Commun 2017; 8:792. [PMID: 28986532 PMCID: PMC5630616 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00913-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A pressing challenge for ecologists is predicting how human-driven environmental changes will affect the complex pattern of interactions among species in a community. Weighted networks are an important tool for studying changes in interspecific interactions because they record interaction frequencies in addition to presence or absence at a field site. Here we show that changes in weighted network structure following habitat modification are, in principle, predictable. Our approach combines field data with mathematical models: the models separate changes in relative species abundance from changes in interaction preferences (which describe how interaction frequencies deviate from random encounters). The models with the best predictive ability compared to data requirement are those that capture systematic changes in interaction preferences between different habitat types. Our results suggest a viable approach for predicting the consequences of rapid environmental change for the structure of complex ecological networks, even in the absence of detailed, system-specific empirical data. In a changing world, the ability to predict the impact of environmental change on ecological communities is essential. Here, the authors show that by separating species abundances from interaction preferences, they can predict the effects of habitat modification on the structure of weighted species interaction networks, even with limited data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip P A Staniczenko
- National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC), Annapolis, MD, 21401, USA. .,Department of Biology, University of Maryland College Park, Maryland, MD, 20742, USA. .,CABDyN Complexity Centre, Saïd Business School, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 1HP, UK.
| | - Owen T Lewis
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Jason M Tylianakis
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Matthias Albrecht
- Institute for Sustainability Sciences, Agroscope, Zurich, 8046, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Coudrain
- Mediterranean Institute of Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity and Ecology, Aix-Marseille University, University of Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Alexandra-Maria Klein
- Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, D-79106, Germany
| | - Felix Reed-Tsochas
- CABDyN Complexity Centre, Saïd Business School, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 1HP, UK.,Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3BD, UK
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32
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Laigle I, Aubin I, Digel C, Brose U, Boulangeat I, Gravel D. Species traits as drivers of food web structure. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Idaline Laigle
- Dépt de biologie; Univ. de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard l'Université; Sherbrooke QC, J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Isabelle Aubin
- Québec Centre for Biodiversity Science. - I. Aubin, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste.; Marie ON Canada
| | - Christoph Digel
- Inst. für Zoologie und Anthropologie. Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen; Göttingen Germany
| | - Ulrich Brose
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Isabelle Boulangeat
- Dept of Bioscience - Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity; Aarhus Univ.; Aarhus Denmark
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Dépt de biologie; Univ. de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard l'Université; Sherbrooke QC, J1K 2R1 Canada
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33
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Pellissier L, Albouy C, Bascompte J, Farwig N, Graham C, Loreau M, Maglianesi MA, Melián CJ, Pitteloud C, Roslin T, Rohr R, Saavedra S, Thuiller W, Woodward G, Zimmermann NE, Gravel D. Comparing species interaction networks along environmental gradients. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:785-800. [PMID: 28941124 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of species composition and their interactions, in the form of interaction networks, is required to understand processes shaping their distribution over time and space. As such, comparing ecological networks along environmental gradients represents a promising new research avenue to understand the organization of life. Variation in the position and intensity of links within networks along environmental gradients may be driven by turnover in species composition, by variation in species abundances and by abiotic influences on species interactions. While investigating changes in species composition has a long tradition, so far only a limited number of studies have examined changes in species interactions between networks, often with differing approaches. Here, we review studies investigating variation in network structures along environmental gradients, highlighting how methodological decisions about standardization can influence their conclusions. Due to their complexity, variation among ecological networks is frequently studied using properties that summarize the distribution or topology of interactions such as number of links, connectance, or modularity. These properties can either be compared directly or using a procedure of standardization. While measures of network structure can be directly related to changes along environmental gradients, standardization is frequently used to facilitate interpretation of variation in network properties by controlling for some co-variables, or via null models. Null models allow comparing the deviation of empirical networks from random expectations and are expected to provide a more mechanistic understanding of the factors shaping ecological networks when they are coupled with functional traits. As an illustration, we compare approaches to quantify the role of trait matching in driving the structure of plant-hummingbird mutualistic networks, i.e. a direct comparison, standardized by null models and hypothesis-based metaweb. Overall, our analysis warns against a comparison of studies that rely on distinct forms of standardization, as they are likely to highlight different signals. Fostering a better understanding of the analytical tools available and the signal they detect will help produce deeper insights into how and why ecological networks vary along environmental gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Pellissier
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Camille Albouy
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.,IFREMER, unité Ecologie et Modèles pour l'Halieutique, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Jordi Bascompte
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Farwig
- Conservation Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str.8, D-35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Graham
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Michel Loreau
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier University, 09200, Moulis, France
| | - Maria Alejandra Maglianesi
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, 2050, San José, Costa Rica.,Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F) and Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlos J Melián
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 6047, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Camille Pitteloud
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rudolf Rohr
- Department of Biology - Ecology and Evolution, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Serguei Saavedra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massashusets Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, 02139, MA, U.S.A
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Guy Woodward
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, U.K
| | - Niklaus E Zimmermann
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Canada Research Chair in Integrative Ecology, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1, Québec, Canada
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34
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Reconstructing variability in West Greenland ocean biogeochemistry and bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) food web structure using amino acid isotope ratios. Polar Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-017-2136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Babić I, Petrić I, Bosak S, Mihanović H, Dupčić Radić I, Ljubešić Z. Distribution and diversity of marine picocyanobacteria community: Targeting of Prochlorococcus ecotypes in winter conditions (southern Adriatic Sea). Mar Genomics 2017; 36:3-11. [PMID: 28595872 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adriatic, the northernmost part of the Mediterranean Sea, due its oligotrophy, topography, and hydrology dynamics, and complex circulation patterns, was suggested as an important study site for rapid climatology impacts. Its southern part is mainly oligotrophic and dominated by picophytoplankton, with cyanobacteria as main representatives. Diversity and distribution patterns of different Prochlorococcus ecotypes were investigated by molecular tools and flow cytometry during the winter convection event in the southern Adriatic (BIOTA winter cruise; February/March 2015). Phylogenetic diversity based on clone libraries of the 16S-23S ribosomal DNA ITS region, as well as flow cytometry (histograms of red fluorescence), indicated presence of 2 different Prochlorococcus in the Adriatic. HLI, as a typical clade for Mediterranean Sea, was likewise found to be dominant Prochlorococcus in the Adriatic, followed by less abundant LLI clade. In addition, Prochlorococcus were found to co-occur with diverse Synechococcus population (53% and 47% of obtained ITS sequences, respectively). Different Prochlorococcus ecotypes had similar patterns of vertical distribution, predominantly occupying upper 100m depth layer, but their distribution was clearly affected by the heterogeneity of hydrological conditions, nitrogen concentration and temperature along vertical and horizontal sampling points. Different studies pointed out that, as a consequence of climate changes, serious alteration of biological and ecological patterns are already taking place Therefore, understanding of the distribution and abundance of picophytoplankton in Adriatic, being still limited, is much needed baseline for predicting possible biogeochemical impact of future environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Babić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ines Petrić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sunčica Bosak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Mihanović
- Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Institute for Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište I. Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Iris Dupčić Radić
- Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, University of Dubrovnik, Kneza Damjana Jude 12, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Ljubešić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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36
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Staniczenko PP, Sivasubramaniam P, Suttle KB, Pearson RG. Linking macroecology and community ecology: refining predictions of species distributions using biotic interaction networks. Ecol Lett 2017; 20:693-707. [PMID: 28429842 PMCID: PMC5485222 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macroecological models for predicting species distributions usually only include abiotic environmental conditions as explanatory variables, despite knowledge from community ecology that all species are linked to other species through biotic interactions. This disconnect is largely due to the different spatial scales considered by the two sub-disciplines: macroecologists study patterns at large extents and coarse resolutions, while community ecologists focus on small extents and fine resolutions. A general framework for including biotic interactions in macroecological models would help bridge this divide, as it would allow for rigorous testing of the role that biotic interactions play in determining species ranges. Here, we present an approach that combines species distribution models with Bayesian networks, which enables the direct and indirect effects of biotic interactions to be modelled as propagating conditional dependencies among species' presences. We show that including biotic interactions in distribution models for species from a California grassland community results in better range predictions across the western USA. This new approach will be important for improving estimates of species distributions and their dynamics under environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip P.A. Staniczenko
- National Socio‐Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC)AnnapolisMDUSA
- Department of BiologyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandMDUSA
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Prabu Sivasubramaniam
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- School of Biological SciencesInstitute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and BiotechnologyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - K. Blake Suttle
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Richard G. Pearson
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment ResearchUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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37
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Abstract
Emerging pathogens of crops threaten food security and are increasingly problematic due to intensive agriculture and high volumes of trade and transport in plants and plant products. The ability to predict pathogen risk to agricultural regions would therefore be valuable. However, predictions are complicated by multi-faceted relationships between crops, their pathogens, and climate change. Climate change is related to industrialization, which has brought not only a rise in greenhouse gas emissions but also an increase in other atmospheric pollutants. Here, we consider the implications of rising levels of reactive nitrogen gases and their manifold interactions with crops and crop diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen N Fones
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Sarah J Gurr
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
- Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, EX20 2SB, UK
- Donder's Hon Chair, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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38
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Zarco-Perello S, Wernberg T, Langlois TJ, Vanderklift MA. Tropicalization strengthens consumer pressure on habitat-forming seaweeds. Sci Rep 2017; 7:820. [PMID: 28400614 PMCID: PMC5429775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean warming is driving species poleward, causing a 'tropicalization' of temperate ecosystems around the world. Increasing abundances of tropical herbivores on temperate reefs could accelerate declines in habitat-forming seaweeds with devastating consequences for these important marine ecosystems. Here we document an expansion of rabbitfish (Siganus fuscescens), a tropical herbivore, on temperate reefs in Western Australia following a marine heatwave and demonstrate their impact on local kelp forests (Ecklonia radiata). Before the heatwave there were no rabbitfish and low rates of kelp herbivory but after the heatwave rabbitfish were common at most reefs and consumption of kelp was high. Herbivory increased 30-fold and kelp abundance decreased by 70% at reefs where rabbitfish had established. In contrast, where rabbitfish were absent, kelp abundance and herbivory did not change. Video-analysis confirmed that rabbitfish were the main consumers of kelp, followed by silver drummers (Kyphosus sydneyanus), a temperate herbivore. These results represent a likely indirect effect of the heatwave beyond its acute impacts, and they provide evidence that range-shifting tropical herbivores can contribute to declines in habitat-forming seaweeds within a few years of their establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Zarco-Perello
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley (Perth), 6009, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Thomas Wernberg
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley (Perth), 6009, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Tim J Langlois
- School of Biological Sciences and UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley (Perth), 6009, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mathew A Vanderklift
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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39
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Prato G, Barrier C, Francour P, Cappanera V, Markantonatou V, Guidetti P, Mangialajo L, Cattaneo‐Vietti R, Gascuel D. Assessing interacting impacts of artisanal and recreational fisheries in a small Marine Protected Area (Portofino, NW Mediterranean Sea). Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Prato
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis CNRS, FRE 3729 ECOMERS Parc Valrose 28 06108 Nice Cedex France
| | - Celine Barrier
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis CNRS, FRE 3729 ECOMERS Parc Valrose 28 06108 Nice Cedex France
| | - Patrice Francour
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis CNRS, FRE 3729 ECOMERS Parc Valrose 28 06108 Nice Cedex France
| | | | | | - Paolo Guidetti
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis CNRS, FRE 3729 ECOMERS Parc Valrose 28 06108 Nice Cedex France
| | - Luisa Mangialajo
- Université Nice Sophia Antipolis CNRS, FRE 3729 ECOMERS Parc Valrose 28 06108 Nice Cedex France
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche INSU‐CNRS UPMC Univ Paris 06 Sorbonne Universités 06230 Villefranche sur Mer France
| | | | - Didier Gascuel
- UMR ESE Ecology and Ecosystem Health Agrocampus Ouest Université Bretagne Loire 65 rue de Saint Brieuc, CS 84215 35042 Rennes Cedex France
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40
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Evans MEK, Merow C, Record S, McMahon SM, Enquist BJ. Towards Process-based Range Modeling of Many Species. Trends Ecol Evol 2016; 31:860-871. [PMID: 27663835 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding and forecasting species' geographic distributions in the face of global change is a central priority in biodiversity science. The existing view is that one must choose between correlative models for many species versus process-based models for few species. We suggest that opportunities exist to produce process-based range models for many species, by using hierarchical and inverse modeling to borrow strength across species, fill data gaps, fuse diverse data sets, and model across biological and spatial scales. We review the statistical ecology and population and range modeling literature, illustrating these modeling strategies in action. A variety of large, coordinated ecological datasets that can feed into these modeling solutions already exist, and we highlight organisms that seem ripe for the challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E K Evans
- Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Cory Merow
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Sydne Record
- Department of Biology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010, USA
| | - Sean M McMahon
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD 21307, USA
| | - Brian J Enquist
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA; Center for Environmental Studies, Aspen, CO 81611, USA
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41
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Kortsch S, Primicerio R, Fossheim M, Dolgov AV, Aschan M. Climate change alters the structure of arctic marine food webs due to poleward shifts of boreal generalists. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2015.1546. [PMID: 26336179 PMCID: PMC4571709 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate-driven poleward shifts, leading to changes in species composition and relative abundances, have been recently documented in the Arctic. Among the fastest moving species are boreal generalist fish which are expected to affect arctic marine food web structure and ecosystem functioning substantially. Here, we address structural changes at the food web level induced by poleward shifts via topological network analysis of highly resolved boreal and arctic food webs of the Barents Sea. We detected considerable differences in structural properties and link configuration between the boreal and the arctic food webs, the latter being more modular and less connected. We found that a main characteristic of the boreal fish moving poleward into the arctic region of the Barents Sea is high generalism, a property that increases connectance and reduces modularity in the arctic marine food web. Our results reveal that habitats form natural boundaries for food web modules, and that generalists play an important functional role in coupling pelagic and benthic modules. We posit that these habitat couplers have the potential to promote the transfer of energy and matter between habitats, but also the spread of pertubations, thereby changing arctic marine food web structure considerably with implications for ecosystem dynamics and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kortsch
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Raul Primicerio
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Andrey V Dolgov
- Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO), 6 Knipovich Street, 183038 Murmansk, Russia
| | - Michaela Aschan
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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42
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Chaalali A, Beaugrand G, Raybaud V, Lassalle G, Saint-Béat B, Le Loc’h F, Bopp L, Tecchio S, Safi G, Chifflet M, Lobry J, Niquil N. From species distributions to ecosystem structure and function: A methodological perspective. Ecol Modell 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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43
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Beauchesne D, Grant C, Gravel D, Archambault P. L’évaluation des impacts cumulés dans l’estuaire et le golfe du Saint-Laurent : vers une planification systémique de l’exploitation des ressources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7202/1036503ar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
L’intensification de l’empreinte humaine dans l’estuaire et le golfe du Saint-Laurent impose une planification systémique de l’exploitation des ressources marines. Une évaluation régionale des impacts cumulés dans le Saint-Laurent demeure pourtant encore attendue. Un nombre important d’activités (p. ex. transport maritime, pêche, aquaculture) caractérise l’exploitation humaine du Saint-Laurent. Ces activités imposent plusieurs stresseurs environnementaux (p. ex. destruction de l’habitat) affichant un chevauchement spatial croissant. Individuellement, ils peuvent affecter la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Imposés simultanément, les stresseurs peuvent agir en synergie et entraîner des effets non linéaires imprévisibles. Ces effets demeurent largement incompris et conséquemment ignorés lors d’évaluations d’impacts environnementaux, qui demeurent orientées sur des espèces ou secteurs uniques et l’approbation de projets. Plusieurs défis relatifs aux impacts cumulés dans le Saint-Laurent doivent être relevés : 1) améliorer l’état des connaissances des impacts de multiples stresseurs sur les écosystèmes, 2) améliorer l’applicabilité des méthodes d’évaluation d’impacts cumulés, 3) identifier des indicateurs d’impacts cumulés, 4) créer un protocole de suivi environnemental et d’impacts humains, et de partage de données et 5) développer une capacité de gestion adaptative pour le Saint-Laurent. La planification systémique de l’utilisation des ressources naturelles au sein du Saint-Laurent nécessitera une vision intégrative de la structure et du fonctionnement des écosystèmes ainsi que des vecteurs de stress qui leur sont imposés. Une telle approche ne sera réalisable que lorsque nous aurons développé les infrastructures et les outils nécessaires à une gestion écosystémique du Saint-Laurent.
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44
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Bartomeus I, Gravel D, Tylianakis JM, Aizen MA, Dickie IA, Bernard‐Verdier M. A common framework for identifying linkage rules across different types of interactions. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Bartomeus
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD‐CSIC) Avda. Américo Vespucio s⁄n, Isla de la Cartuja E‐41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de biologie Faculté des Sciences Université de Sherbrooke 2500 Boulevard Université Sherbrooke Quebec J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Jason M. Tylianakis
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
- Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY UK
| | - Marcelo A. Aizen
- Laboratorio Ecotono‐CRUB Universidad Nacional del Comahue and INIBIOMA Quintral 1250 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Ian A. Dickie
- Bio‐protection Research Centre Lincoln University PO Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 New Zealand
| | - Maud Bernard‐Verdier
- Bio‐protection Research Centre Lincoln University PO Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 New Zealand
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45
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Gibert JP, Chelini MC, Rosenthal MF, DeLong JP. Crossing regimes of temperature dependence in animal movement. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2016; 22:1722-36. [PMID: 26854767 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A pressing challenge in ecology is to understand the effects of changing global temperatures on food web structure and dynamics. The stability of these complex ecological networks largely depends on how predator-prey interactions may respond to temperature changes. Because predators and prey rely on their velocities to catch food or avoid being eaten, understanding how temperatures may affect animal movement is central to this quest. Despite our efforts, we still lack a mechanistic understanding of how the effect of temperature on metabolic processes scales up to animal movement and beyond. Here, we merge a biomechanical approach, the Metabolic Theory of Ecology and empirical data to show that animal movement displays multiple regimes of temperature dependence. We also show that crossing these regimes has important consequences for population dynamics and stability, which depend on the parameters controlling predator-prey interactions. We argue that this dependence upon interaction parameters may help explain why experimental work on the temperature dependence of interaction strengths has so far yielded conflicting results. More importantly, these changes in the temperature dependence of animal movement can have consequences that go well beyond ecological interactions and affect, for example, animal communication, mating, sensory detection, and any behavioral modality dependent on the movement of limbs. Finally, by not taking into account the changes in temperature dependence reported here we might not be able to properly forecast the impact of global warming on ecological processes and propose appropriate mitigation action when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean P Gibert
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Marie-Claire Chelini
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Malcolm F Rosenthal
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - John P DeLong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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46
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Trøjelsgaard K, Jordano P, Carstensen DW, Olesen JM. Geographical variation in mutualistic networks: similarity, turnover and partner fidelity. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:rspb.2014.2925. [PMID: 25632001 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although species and their interactions in unison represent biodiversity and all the ecological and evolutionary processes associated with life, biotic interactions have, contrary to species, rarely been integrated into the concepts of spatial β-diversity. Here, we examine β-diversity of ecological networks by using pollination networks sampled across the Canary Islands. We show that adjacent and distant communities are more and less similar, respectively, in their composition of plants, pollinators and interactions than expected from random distributions. We further show that replacement of species is the major driver of interaction turnover and that this contribution increases with distance. Finally, we quantify that species-specific partner compositions (here called partner fidelity) deviate from random partner use, but vary as a result of ecological and geographical variables. In particular, breakdown of partner fidelity was facilitated by increasing geographical distance, changing abundances and changing linkage levels, but was not related to the geographical distribution of the species. This highlights the importance of space when comparing communities of interacting species and may stimulate a rethinking of the spatial interpretation of interaction networks. Moreover, geographical interaction dynamics and its causes are important in our efforts to anticipate effects of large-scale changes, such as anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Trøjelsgaard
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Pedro Jordano
- Integrative Ecology Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Daniel W Carstensen
- Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Fenologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jens M Olesen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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47
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Wu J. Detecting and Attributing the Effects of Climate Change on the Distributions of Snake Species Over the Past 50 Years. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 57:207-219. [PMID: 26289351 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-015-0600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It is unclear whether the distributions of snakes have changed in association with climate change over the past years. We detected the distribution changes of snakes over the past 50 years and determined whether the changes could be attributed to recent climate change in China. Long-term records of the distribution of nine snake species in China, grey relationship analysis, fuzzy sets classification techniques, the consistency index, and attributed methods were used. Over the past 50 years, the distributions of snake species have changed in multiple directions, primarily shifting northwards, and most of the changes were related to the thermal index. Driven by climatic factors over the past 50 years, the distribution boundary and distribution centers of some species changed with the fluctuations. The observed and predicted changes in distribution were highly consistent for some snake species. The changes in the northern limits of distributions of nearly half of the species, as well as the southern and eastern limits, and the distribution centers of some snake species can be attributed to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- The Center for Climate Change, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8, Da Yang Fang, Beiyuan, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China.
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48
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Wu J. The distributions of Chinese yak breeds in response to climate change over the past 50 years. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:947-58. [PMID: 26470629 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of prior climate change on yak breed distributions are uncertain. Here, we measured changes in the distributions of 12 yak breeds over the past 50 years in China and examined whether the changes could be attributed to climate change. Long-term records of yak breed distribution, grey relational analysis, fuzzy sets classification techniques and attribution methods were used. Over the past 50 years, the distributions of several yak breeds have changed in multiple directions, mainly shifting northward or westward, and most of these changes are related to the thermal index. Driven by climate change over the past years, the suitable range and the distribution centers of certain yak breeds have changed with fluctuation and have mainly shifted northward, eastward or southward. The consistency of observed versus predicted changes in distribution boundaries or distribution centers is higher for certain yak breeds. Changes in the eastern distribution boundary of two yak breeds over the past 50 years can be attributed to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- The Center for Climate Change, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
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49
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Puerta P, Hunsicker ME, Quetglas A, Álvarez-Berastegui D, Esteban A, González M, Hidalgo M. Spatially Explicit Modeling Reveals Cephalopod Distributions Match Contrasting Trophic Pathways in the Western Mediterranean Sea. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133439. [PMID: 26201075 PMCID: PMC4511516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations of the same species can experience different responses to the environment throughout their distributional range as a result of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in habitat conditions. This highlights the importance of understanding the processes governing species distribution at local scales. However, research on species distribution often averages environmental covariates across large geographic areas, missing variability in population-environment interactions within geographically distinct regions. We used spatially explicit models to identify interactions between species and environmental, including chlorophyll a (Chla) and sea surface temperature (SST), and trophic (prey density) conditions, along with processes governing the distribution of two cephalopods with contrasting life-histories (octopus and squid) across the western Mediterranean Sea. This approach is relevant for cephalopods, since their population dynamics are especially sensitive to variations in habitat conditions and rarely stable in abundance and location. The regional distributions of the two cephalopod species matched two different trophic pathways present in the western Mediterranean Sea, associated with the Gulf of Lion upwelling and the Ebro river discharges respectively. The effects of the studied environmental and trophic conditions were spatially variant in both species, with usually stronger effects along their distributional boundaries. We identify areas where prey availability limited the abundance of cephalopod populations as well as contrasting effects of temperature in the warmest regions. Despite distributional patterns matching productive areas, a general negative effect of Chla on cephalopod densities suggests that competition pressure is common in the study area. Additionally, results highlight the importance of trophic interactions, beyond other common environmental factors, in shaping the distribution of cephalopod populations. Our study presents a valuable approach for understanding the spatially variant ecology of cephalopod populations, which is important for fisheries and ecosystem management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Puerta
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Palma de Mallorca, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Mary E. Hunsicker
- National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Antoni Quetglas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Palma de Mallorca, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Diego Álvarez-Berastegui
- Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System, Palma de Mallorca, Islas Baleares, Spain
| | - Antonio Esteban
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - María González
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Palma de Mallorca, Islas Baleares, Spain
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50
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Elliott M, Borja Á, McQuatters-Gollop A, Mazik K, Birchenough S, Andersen JH, Painting S, Peck M. Force majeure: Will climate change affect our ability to attain Good Environmental Status for marine biodiversity? MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 95:7-27. [PMID: 25837772 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires that Good Environmental Status (GEnS), is achieved for European seas by 2020. These may deviate from GEnS, its 11 Descriptors, targets and baselines, due to endogenic managed pressures (from activities within an area) and externally due to exogenic unmanaged pressures (e.g. climate change). Conceptual models detail the likely or perceived changes expected on marine biodiversity and GEnS Descriptors in the light of climate change. We emphasise that marine management has to accommodate 'shifting baselines' caused by climate change particularly during GEnS monitoring, assessment and management and 'unbounded boundaries' given the migration and dispersal of highly-mobile species. We suggest climate change may prevent GEnS being met, but Member States may rebut legal challenges by claiming that this is outside its control, force majeure or due to 'natural causes' (Article 14 of the MSFD). The analysis is relevant to management of other global seas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Elliott
- Institute of Estuarine & Coastal Studies, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Ángel Borja
- AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea s/n, 20110 Pasaia, Spain
| | | | - Krysia Mazik
- Institute of Estuarine & Coastal Studies, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Silvana Birchenough
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 OHT, UK
| | - Jesper H Andersen
- NIVA Denmark Water Research, Winghouse, Ørestads Boulevard 73, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Suzanne Painting
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 OHT, UK
| | - Myron Peck
- Institut für Hydrobiologie und Fischereiwissenschaft, Olbersweg 24, 22767 Hamburg, Germany
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