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Lee HJ, Lee YJ, Lim YH, Kim HY, Kim BN, Kim JI, Cho YM, Hong YC, Shin CH, Lee YA. Relationship of bisphenol A substitutes bisphenol F and bisphenol S with adiponectin/leptin ratio among children from the environment and development of children cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108564. [PMID: 38467088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is known as an obesogenic endocrine disruptor. Bisphenol S (BPS) and F (BPF) are substitutes that have recently replaced BPA. OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationships of urinary bisphenols (BPA, BPS and BPF) with adiposity measurements (obesity, BMI z-score, and fat mass), serum adipokine levels (adiponectin and leptin), and adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L ratio) in 6- and 8-year-old children. METHODS A total of 561 children who participated in the Environment and Development of Children cohort (482 and 516 children visited at age 6 and 8, respectively) at Seoul National University Children's Hospital during 2015-2019 were included. Urinary BPA levels were log-transformed. BPS levels were categorized into three groups (non-detected, lower-half, and higher-half of detected), and BPF levels were classified into two groups (non-detected and detected). RESULTS The urinary BPS higher-half group had a higher BMI z-score (β = 0.160, P= 0.044), higher fat mass (β = 0.104, P< 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (β =- 0.069, P< 0.001), higher leptin concentration (β = 0.360, P< 0.001), and lower A/L ratio (β =- 0.428, P< 0.001) compared with the non-detected group. The urinary BPF-detected group had a higher fat mass (β = 0.074, P< 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (β =- 0.069, P< 0.001), higher leptin concentration (β = 0.360, P< 0.001), and lower A/L ratio (β =- 0.428, P< 0.001) compared with the non-detected group. The BPA levels showed no consistent associations with outcomes, except for isolated associations of BPA at age 6 with a higher BMI z-score at age 6 (P= 0.016) and leptin at age 8 (P= 0.021). CONCLUSIONS Increased exposure to BPS and BPF is associated with higher fat mass and leptin concentration, lower serum adiponectin, and lower A/L ratio in children. These findings suggest potential adverse effects of BPA substitutes on adiposity and adipokines. No consistent association of BPA exposure with outcomes could be partly explained by the decreasing BPA levels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Department of Nano Chemical and Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Nisa KU, Tarfeen N, Mir SA, Waza AA, Ahmad MB, Ganai BA. Molecular Mechanisms in the Etiology of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Multifaceted Hypothesis Towards the Disease with Potential Therapeutics. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:18-36. [PMID: 38223007 PMCID: PMC10784448 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Among the premenopausal women, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy affecting the reproductive system and metabolic rhythms leading to disrupted menstrual cycle. Being heterogeneous in nature it is characterized by complex symptomology of oligomennorhoea, excess of androgens triggering masculine phenotypic appearance and/or multiple follicular ovaries. The etiology of this complex disorder remains somewhat doubtful and the researchers hypothesize multisystem links in the pathogenesis of this disease. In this review, we attempt to present several hypotheses that tend to contribute to the etiology of PCOS. Metabolic inflexibility, aberrant pattern of gonadotropin signaling along with the evolutionary, genetic and environmental factors have been discussed. Considered a lifelong endocrinological implication, no universal treatment is available for PCOS so far however; multiple drug therapy is often advised along with simple life style intervention is mainly advised to manage its cardinal symptoms. Here we aimed to present a summarized view of pathophysiological links of PCOS with potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khair Ul Nisa
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 India
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 India
| | - Najeebul Tarfeen
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 India
| | - Shahnaz Ahmad Mir
- Department of Endocrinology, Government Medical College, Shireen Bagh, Srinagar, 190010 India
| | - Ajaz Ahmad Waza
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU), Government Medical Collage (GMC), Srinagar, 190010 India
| | - Mir Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 India
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Kang JH, Asai D, Toita R. Bisphenol A (BPA) and Cardiovascular or Cardiometabolic Diseases. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:775-810. [PMID: 38132710 PMCID: PMC10745077 DOI: 10.3390/jox13040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA; 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol) is a well-known endocrine disruptor. Most human exposure to BPA occurs through the consumption of BPA-contaminated foods. Cardiovascular or cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, acute kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure are the leading causes of death worldwide. Positive associations have been reported between blood or urinary BPA levels and cardiovascular or cardiometabolic diseases. BPA also induces disorders or dysfunctions in the tissues associated with these diseases through various cell signaling pathways. This review highlights the literature elucidating the relationship between BPA and various cardiovascular or cardiometabolic diseases and the potential mechanisms underlying BPA-mediated disorders or dysfunctions in tissues such as blood vessels, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, kidney, and heart that are associated with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Kang
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Daisuke Asai
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan;
| | - Riki Toita
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Osaka 563-8577, Japan;
- AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-1 Yamadaoka, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Lin CY, Lee HL, Chen CW, Wang C, Sung FC, Su TC. The role of angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and global DNA methylation in the negative associations between urine di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites and serum adiponectin in a young Taiwanese population. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:87. [PMID: 37198693 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin is a key protein produced in adipose tissue, with crucial involvement in multiple metabolic processes. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of the phthalate compounds used as a plasticizer, has been shown to decrease adiponectin levels in vitro and in vivo studies. However, the role of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and epigenetic changes in the relationship between DEHP exposure and adiponectin levels is not well understood. METHODS This study examined the correlation between urine levels of DEHP metabolite, epigenetic marker 5mdC/dG, ACE gene phenotypes, and adiponectin levels in a sample of 699 individuals aged 12-30 from Taiwan. RESULTS Results showed a positive relationship between mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and 5mdC/dG, and a negative association between both MEHP and 5mdC/dG with adiponectin. The study found that the inverse relationship between MEHP and adiponectin was stronger when levels of 5mdC/dG were above the median. This was supported by differential unstandardized regression coefficients (- 0.095 vs. - 0.049, P value for interaction = 0.038)). Subgroup analysis also showed a negative correlation between MEHP and adiponectin in individuals with the I/I ACE genotype, but not in those with other genotypes, although the P value for interaction was borderline significant (0.06). The structural equation model analysis indicated that MEHP has a direct inverse effect on adiponectin and an indirect effect via 5mdC/dG. CONCLUSIONS In this young Taiwanese population, our findings suggest that urine MEHP levels are negatively correlated with serum adiponectin levels, and epigenetic modifications may play a role in this association. Further study is needed to validate these results and determine causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 237, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Way Chen
- Department of Cardiology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, 640, Taiwan
| | - Chikang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- The Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, Nantou, 558, Taiwan.
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Jiang W, Ding K, Huang W, Xu F, Lei M, Yue R. Potential effects of bisphenol A on diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications: A narrative review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16340. [PMID: 37251906 PMCID: PMC10213369 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease caused by multiple factors such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Bisphenol A (BPA), as one of the most common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been strongly implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). BPA exposure is associated with target organ damage in DM and may exacerbate the progression of some chronic complications of DM. This paper reviews relevant epidemiological, in vivo, and in vitro studies to better understand BPA's potential risk associations and pathological mechanisms in several chronic diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Kaixi Ding
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Chengdu University of Technology, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Ming Lei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Rensong Yue
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Silano (until 21 December 2020†) V, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Vernis L, Zorn H, Batke M, Bignami M, Corsini E, FitzGerald R, Gundert‐Remy U, Halldorsson T, Hart A, Ntzani E, Scanziani E, Schroeder H, Ulbrich B, Waalkens‐Berendsen D, Woelfle D, Al Harraq Z, Baert K, Carfì M, Castoldi AF, Croera C, Van Loveren H. Re-evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. EFSA J 2023; 21:e06857. [PMID: 37089179 PMCID: PMC10113887 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.6857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2015, EFSA established a temporary tolerable daily intake (t-TDI) for BPA of 4 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day. In 2016, the European Commission mandated EFSA to re-evaluate the risks to public health from the presence of BPA in foodstuffs and to establish a tolerable daily intake (TDI). For this re-evaluation, a pre-established protocol was used that had undergone public consultation. The CEP Panel concluded that it is Unlikely to Very Unlikely that BPA presents a genotoxic hazard through a direct mechanism. Taking into consideration the evidence from animal data and support from human observational studies, the immune system was identified as most sensitive to BPA exposure. An effect on Th17 cells in mice was identified as the critical effect; these cells are pivotal in cellular immune mechanisms and involved in the development of inflammatory conditions, including autoimmunity and lung inflammation. A reference point (RP) of 8.2 ng/kg bw per day, expressed as human equivalent dose, was identified for the critical effect. Uncertainty analysis assessed a probability of 57-73% that the lowest estimated Benchmark Dose (BMD) for other health effects was below the RP based on Th17 cells. In view of this, the CEP Panel judged that an additional uncertainty factor (UF) of 2 was needed for establishing the TDI. Applying an overall UF of 50 to the RP, a TDI of 0.2 ng BPA/kg bw per day was established. Comparison of this TDI with the dietary exposure estimates from the 2015 EFSA opinion showed that both the mean and the 95th percentile dietary exposures in all age groups exceeded the TDI by two to three orders of magnitude. Even considering the uncertainty in the exposure assessment, the exceedance being so large, the CEP Panel concluded that there is a health concern from dietary BPA exposure.
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Wang M, Wang Y, Han J, Duan Z, Yin J, Ding R, Wang Q. Gestational and Lactational Co-Exposure to DEHP and BPA Impairs Hepatic Function via PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 Pathway in Offspring. TOXICS 2023; 11:216. [PMID: 36976981 PMCID: PMC10058277 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol A (BPA) present significant environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical properties. Although studies have implied reproductive impairment from exposure to BPA and DEHP, no study to date has shown the effect and mechanism of hepatic function after gestational and lactational co-exposure to DEHP and BPA in offspring. A total of 36 perinatal rats were randomly divided into four groups, DEHP (600 mg/kg/day), BPA (80 mg/kg/day), DEHP combined with BPA (600 mg/kg/day + 80 mg/kg/day), and control. Notably, 11 chemical targets were screened after identifying eight substances associated with chemically-induced hepatic damage. Molecular docking simulations revealed a high-scoring combination of eight metabolic components and targets of the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway. The DEHP and BPA combination disrupted hepatic steatosis, ultimately affecting systemic the glucose and the lipid metabolic homeostasis with significant toxicity. Mechanistically, co-exposure to DEHP and BPA causes liver dysfunction and hepatic insulin resistance via PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 pathway in offspring. This is the first study of the hepatic function and mechanism of co-exposure to DEHP and BPA that combines metabolomics, molecular docking, and traditional toxicity assessment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Wang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110031, China
| | - Junyuan Han
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Zhiwen Duan
- Shenyang Medical College, School of Public Health, Shenyang 110121, China
| | - Jiye Yin
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Rigao Ding
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Quanjun Wang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100089, China
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Amin MAS, Sonpol HMA, Gouda RHE, Aboregela AM. Bisphenol A enhances apoptosis, fibrosis, and biochemical fluctuations in the liver of adult male rats with possible regression after recovery. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:213-225. [PMID: 35773941 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant that might be harmful. Human exposure to BPA can occur during the fetal and postnatal periods and extends throughout life. This study aimed to estimate the effects of oral administration of BPA on rat liver and assess the possibility of recovery after cessation. Adult male albino rats were orally administered with BPA (50 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks, and then one group was left to recover for 4 weeks. Histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assessments were performed. Loss of hepatic architecture, vascular dilatation congestion, and exudation, as well as cellular vacuolation, fat accumulation, and pyknotic nuclei were detected. Furthermore, inflammatory infiltration, localized metaplasia, and excessive collagen deposition in the portal triad were observed. Expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein and transforming growth factor beta 1 was prominent, denoting apoptosis and fibrosis. After the administration of BPA, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins were enhanced. Additionally, total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoproteins decreased. After a recovery for 4 weeks, hepatic cellular and vascular pathologies returned to normal, except for some inflammatory infiltration. Regarding biochemical affection, most of the parameters were directed toward normal during recovery. However, most of them were still significantly different from controls. This explored BPA hepatotoxicity from structural and functional aspects, and the possible spontaneous reversibility was confirmed. However, the precise mechanisms underlying hepatotoxicity or recovery need more in-depth investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hany M A Sonpol
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Hassan Elbanna Gouda
- Medical Biochemistry Unit, Zagazig Scientific and Medical Research Center, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Adel Mohamed Aboregela
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Bi J, Wang F, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Jia C, He J, Yao J, Zhang Z, Li Z, Li P, He M. Association of serum bisphenol A levels with incident overweight and obesity risk and the mediating effect of adiponectin. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136287. [PMID: 36084821 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing cross-sectional studies indicated a positive association of bisphenol A (BPA) with overweight and obesity. However, the relationship and potential mechanisms underlying this association remain to be elucidated in prospective studies. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate whether serum BPA is associated with incident overweight and obesity risk, and to further explore whether adiponectin plays a mediating role in the association. METHODS We measured blood BPA and adiponectin in Chinese populations. The association of serum BPA with overweight and obesity risk was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models. We further examined the mediating effect of adiponectin by causal mediation analysis. RESULTS Among 796 participants free of overweight and obesity at baseline, 133 individuals developed overweight and obesity during the follow-up period. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of serum BPA, those in the second and third quartiles were positively associated with incident overweight and obesity risk adjusting for covariates (all P-values < 0.05), whereas this association was not observed in the fourth quartile. Further spline analysis showed an inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship (Pnon-linear = 0.04). Furthermore, each unit of serum log10-transformed BPA levels was associated with higher changes in waist-to-height ratio and body roundness index (all P-values < 0.05). Mediation analysis indicated significant indirect effects of adiponectin on the associations of BPA with overweight and obesity prevalence (mediation proportion: 46.08%; P = 0.02), and BMI levels (mediation proportion: 30.32%; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Serum BPA displayed a positive association with incident overweight and obesity risk in a non-monotonic pattern, and adiponectin might mediate the association. Further mechanistic studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Bi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, PR China
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chengyong Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jinqiu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zefang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Peiwen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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10
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Kurowska P, Mlyczyńska E, Dawid M, Respekta N, Pich K, Serra L, Dupont J, Rak A. Endocrine disruptor chemicals, adipokines and reproductive functions. Endocrine 2022; 78:205-218. [PMID: 35476178 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of adult obesity has risen markedly in recent decades. The endocrine system precisely regulates energy balance, fat abundance and fat deposition. Interestingly, white adipose tissue is an endocrine gland producing adipokines, which regulate whole-body physiology, including energy balance and reproduction. Endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) include natural substances or chemicals that affect the endocrine system by multiple mechanisms and increase the risk of adverse health outcomes. Numerous studies have associated exposure to EDCs with obesity, classifying them as obesogens by their ability to activate different mechanisms, including the differentiation of adipocytes, increasing the storage of triglycerides, or elevating the number of adipocytes. Moreover, in recent years, not only industrial deception and obesity have intensified but also the problem of human infertility. Reproductive functions depend on hormone interactions, the balance of which may be disrupted by various EDCs or obesity. This review gives a brief summary of common EDCs linked with obesity, the mechanisms of their action, and the effect on adipokine levels, reproduction and connected disorders, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, decrease in sperm motility, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction in females and decrease of sperm motility in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Mlyczyńska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Dawid
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Respekta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Loïse Serra
- INRAE, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRAE, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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Protective effects of polyphenols against endocrine disrupting chemicals. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:905-934. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-022-01105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Lee S, Karvonen-Gutierrez C, Mukherjee B, Herman WH, Park SK. Race-specific associations of urinary phenols and parabens with adipokines in midlife women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 303:119164. [PMID: 35306088 PMCID: PMC9883839 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adipokines, cytokines secreted by adipose tissue, may contribute to obesity-related metabolic disease. The role of environmental phenols and parabens in racial difference in metabolic disease burden has been suggested, but there is limited evidence. We examined the cross-sectional associations of urinary phenols and parabens with adipokines and effect modification by race. Urinary concentrations of 6 phenols (bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F, 2,4-diclorophenol, 2,5-diclorophenol, triclosan, benzophenone-3) and 4 parabens (methyl-paraben, ethyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, butyl-paraben) were measured in 2002-2003 among 1200 women (mean age = 52.6) enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study. Serum adipokines included adiponectin, high molecular weight (HMW)-adiponectin, leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R). Linear regression models were used to estimate the adjusted percentage change in adipokines per inter-quantile range (IQR) increase in standardized and log-transformed levels of individual urinary phenols and parabens. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the joint effect of urinary phenols and parabens as mixtures. Participants included white (52.5%), black (19.3%), and Asian (28.1%) women. Urinary 2,4-dichlorophenol was associated with 6.02% (95% CI: 1.20%, 10.83%) higher HMW-adiponectin and urinary bisphenol-F was associated with 2.60% (0.48%, 4.71%) higher sOB-R. Urinary methyl-paraben was associated with lower leptin in all women but this association differed by race: 8.58% (-13.99%, -3.18%) lower leptin in white women but 11.68% (3.52%, 19.84%) higher leptin in black women (P interaction = 0.001). No significant associations were observed in Asian women. Additionally, we observed a significant positive overall effect of urinary phenols and parabens mixtures in relation to leptin levels in black, but not in white or Asian women. Urinary bisphenol-F, 2,4-dichlorophenol and methyl-paraben may be associated with favorable profiles of adipokines, but methyl-paraben, widely used in hair and personal care products, was associated with unfavorable leptin levels in black women. Future studies are needed to confirm this racial difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulbi Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Big Data Strategy, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Carrie Karvonen-Gutierrez
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - William H Herman
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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Mukhopadhyay R, Prabhu NB, Kabekkodu SP, Rai PS. Review on bisphenol A and the risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome: an insight from endocrine and gene expression. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:32631-32650. [PMID: 35199272 PMCID: PMC9072519 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely studied endocrine disrupting chemicals because of its structural similarity to 17-β estradiol; its ability to bind as an agonist/antagonist to estrogen receptors elicits adverse effects on the functioning of the metabolic and endocrinal system. Therefore, BPA has been thoroughly scrutinized concerning its disruption of pathways like lipid metabolism, steroidogenesis, insulin signaling, and inflammation. This has resulted in reports of its correlation with various aspects of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, male and female reproductive disorders, and dysfunctions. Among these, the occurrence of the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in premenopausal women is of great concern. PCOS is a highly prevalent disorder affecting women in their reproductive age and is clinically characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology, along with metabolism-related dysfunctions like hyperinsulinemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. In this review, we analyzed certain researched effects of BPA, while focusing on its ability to alter the expression of various significant genes like GnRH, AdipoQ, ESR1, StAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and many more involved in the pathways and endocrine regulation, whose disruption is commonly associated with the clinical manifestations of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risani Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Navya B Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
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Hair Sample Analysis as a Method of Monitoring Exposure to Bisphenol A in Dogs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084600. [PMID: 35457463 PMCID: PMC9030106 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic substance widely used in the plastics industry. It penetrates food and environment and, as an endocrine disruptor, has detrimental effects on human organisms. Pet animals, which live in the immediate vicinity of humans, are also exposed to BPA; however, knowledge regarding the exposure of dogs to this substance is extremely scarce. This is the first study in which hair analysis has been used to biomonitor BPA in 30 dogs using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry techniques. The presence of BPA in concentration levels above the method detection limit (1.25 ng/g) was noted in 93.33% of samples. BPA concentration levels were found to range from 7.05 ng/g to 436 ng/g (mean 81.30 ng/g). Statistically significant differences in BPA concentration levels were found between animals with physiological weight and animals with abnormal weight (skinny and obese). In turn, differences between males and females, as well as between young, middle-aged and old dogs, were not statistically significant. The obtained results have clearly shown that hair analysis is a useful method to evaluate the exposure of dogs to BPA. This study also confirmed that dogs are exposed to BPA to a large extent, and this substance may play a role as a pathological factor in this animal species. However, many aspects connected to the influence of BPA on canine health status are unclear and need further study.
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Murro I, Lisco G, Di Noia C, Lampignano L, Zupo R, Giagulli VA, Guastamacchia E, Triggiani V, De Pergola G. Endocrine Disruptors and Obesity: an Overview. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:798-806. [PMID: 35346017 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220328122300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing pandemic. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are widespread in the environment. In this perspective, the authors examine the issue related to the exposure to several chemicals with endocrine-disrupting properties as promoting factors to obesity. Data show that Phthalates, Bisphenol compounds, Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), solvents, and personal care products can modify metabolic properties in a dose-response and sex-specific manner. Phthalates and bisphenol compounds increase body mass index, waist circumference, waist to height ratio, and the sum of skinfold thicknesses in women and not in men. Low-dose exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants is strongly associated with increased body mass index in men and decreased this parameter in women. The mechanism through which these compounds act on anthropometric parameters is not entirely understood. Several studies suggest a possible interference in gonadotropin secretion and the thyroid axis. These inspire a decrease of both total and free testosterone levels in men and FT3 and FT4 levels in women, particularly after a pregnancy. The impact of endocrine disruptor chemicals on adipose tissue inflammation and future cardio-metabolic disorders remains to be elucidated. Therefore, studies involving both healthy and obese individuals are needed to unambiguously confirm results from in vitro and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isanna Murro
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lisco
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine - Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. School of Medicine, University of Bari
| | - Carmen Di Noia
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Population Health Unit - \'Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology \'Saverio de Bellis\', Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Population Health Unit - \'Salus in Apulia Study" National Institute of Gastroenterology \'Saverio de Bellis\', Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Angelo Giagulli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine - Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. School of Medicine, University of Bari
| | - Edoardo Guastamacchia
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine - Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. School of Medicine, University of Bari
| | - Vincenzo Triggiani
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine - Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases. School of Medicine, University of Bari
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Policlinico, Bari, Italy
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics Unit - National Institute of Gastroenterology \'Saverio de Bellis\', Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
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Heras-González L, Espino D, Jimenez-Casquet MJ, Lopez-Moro A, Olea-Serrano F, Mariscal-Arcas M. Influence of BPA exposure, measured in saliva, on childhood weight. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1040583. [PMID: 36568119 PMCID: PMC9772023 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1040583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA), BPA glycidyl methacrylate, and other BPA acrylate-based derivatives have been related to type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, and obesity, among other metabolic disorders. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of BPA exposure by saliva analysis and daily physical activity on the risk of overweight/obesity in schoolchildren from southern Spain. METHODS The study included 300 children (53.5% girls) aged 7-10 years. Participants completed a questionnaire with four sections: participant data, including demographic information and life and family habits; semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire; anthropometric variables; and physical activity variables. All participants underwent dental examination, when the presence of sealants/composites in each tooth and other dental alterations was recorded, and samples of whole saliva were collected for UHPLC-MS/MS analyses. RESULTS Risk of overweight/obesity was significantly influenced by body fat composition (OR = 10.77), not walking to and from school (OR = 1.38), lesser energy expenditure in sedentary activities (OR = 12.71), greater energy expenditure in sports (OR =1.62), and exposure to BPA from dental sealants/composites (OR = 1.38; p = 0.058). DISCUSSION Further research is warranted on this issue in children, who may be especially vulnerable to the negative health effects of endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Espino
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Fatima Olea-Serrano
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Mariscal-Arcas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Miguel Mariscal-Arcas,
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Yahia D, Hamdy H, Salem DA, Afifi S. Effects of bisphenol A on pancreas and thyroid gland of young and adult female Sprague Dawlеy rats. BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.15547/bjvm.2020-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical involved in formation of plastic vessels, is one of the most widespread endocrine disrupting chemicals. The study was designed to investigate the effect of BPA on pancreas and thyroid gland of young and adult female Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were exposed to 330 mg/kg BPA orally every other day for 12 weeks; control rats were exposed orally to ethyl alcohol and corn oil. Samples were collected at 4, 8 and 12 weeks for hormonal, biochemical assays and histopathological examination. The insulin hormone in exposed young rats was decreased, but its level in adult ones was increased; the biochemical assay for blood sugar level showed a significant increase in young rats and decrease in adult ones. T3 hormone was increased in treated young and adult rats; T4 hormone was increased in treated adults, while calcium level was decreased in treated adult rats. The histopathological findings of pancreas revealed vacuolation in its endocrine parts in young rats, while in adult ones there was intralobular fatty infiltration - a typical picture of diabetes. The thyroid gland in treated young female rats showed increased cellularity of parafollicular cells; moreover there was parafollicular haemorrhage, and in adult ones - desquamation in lining epithelium of follicular cells. In conclusion, exposure of young and adult female rats to BPA resulted in changes in the pancreatic and thyroid gland cells manifested by morphological, hormonal and biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Yahia
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - H. Hamdy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, Egypt
| | - D. A. Salem
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - S. Afifi
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Association of Blood Mercury Levels with the Risks of Overweight and High Waist-to-Height Ratio in Children and Adolescents: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8121087. [PMID: 34943283 PMCID: PMC8700710 DOI: 10.3390/children8121087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A previous study in adults demonstrated the substantial role of mercury exposure in the development of overweight and obesity. Although children and adolescents are more susceptible to the toxic effects of mercury than adults, studies on the association of overweight and obesity with mercury exposure is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association of blood mercury levels with the body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as obesity indices in Korean children and adolescents. The analyzed cross-sectional data were obtained from 1327 participants (age: 10–18 years; 672 male and 655 female) who completed the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2013. The covariates included sociodemographic factors (age, sex, and household income), dietary factors (fish, shellfish, and seaweed consumption), lifestyle factors (alcohol consumption, smoking status, and exercise), and blood hematocrit levels. The adjusted geometric mean blood mercury level was 2.19 µg/L, and the level of mercury was significantly higher in the overweight (BMI ≥ 85th gender and age-specific percentiles) and high WHtR (cutoff: ≥0.5) groups than in the normal group. In all the participants, the blood mercury levels were significantly positively associated with the BMI and WHtR after adjusting for all covariates (p < 0.05). All the participants in the highest blood mercury level quartile were at a higher risk for overweight and a high WHtR than those in the lowest quartile after adjusting for all covariates (p < 0.05). Our study suggests a significant association between mercury exposure and the risks of overweight and high WHtR in Korean children and adolescents.
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Nettore IC, Franchini F, Palatucci G, Macchia PE, Ungaro P. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Obesity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111716. [PMID: 34829943 PMCID: PMC8615468 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased over the last decades. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the possible association between the pandemics of obesity and some endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), termed “obesogens”. These are a heterogeneous group of exogenous compounds that can interfere in the endocrine regulation of energy metabolism and adipose tissue structure. Oral intake, inhalation, and dermal absorption represent the major sources of human exposure to these EDCs. Recently, epigenetic changes such as the methylation of cytosine residues on DNA, post-translational modification of histones, and microRNA expression have been considered to act as an intermediary between deleterious effects of EDCs and obesity development in susceptible individuals. Specifically, EDCs exposure during early-life development can detrimentally affect individuals via inducing epigenetic modifications that can permanently change the epigenome in the germline, enabling changes to be transmitted to the next generations and predisposing them to a multitude of diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyze the epigenetic alterations putatively induced by chemical exposures and their ability to interfere with the control of energy metabolism and adipose tissue regulation, resulting in imbalances in the control of body weight, which can lead to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Fabiana Franchini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Palatucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR “G. Salvatore”, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-770-4795
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Nagl V, Grenier B, Pinton P, Ruczizka U, Dippel M, Bünger M, Oswald IP, Soler L. Exposure to Zearalenone Leads to Metabolic Disruption and Changes in Circulating Adipokines Concentrations in Pigs. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110790. [PMID: 34822574 PMCID: PMC8618343 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin classified as an endocrine disruptor. Many endocrine disruptors are also metabolic disruptors able to modulate energy balance and inflammatory processes in a process often involving a family of protein hormones known as adipokines. The aim of our study was to elucidate the role of ZEN as metabolic disruptor in pigs by investigating the changes in energy balance and adipokines levels in response to different treatment diets. To this end, weaned piglets (n = 10/group) were exposed to either basal feed or feed contaminated with 680 and 1620 µg/kg ZEN for 28 days. Serum samples collected at days 7 and 21 were subjected to biochemistry analysis, followed by determination of adipokine levels using a combined approach of protein array and ELISA. Results indicate that ZEN has an impact on lipid and glucose metabolism that was different depending on the dose and time of exposure. In agreement with these changes, ZEN altered circulating adipokines concentrations, inducing significant changes in adiponectin, resistin, and fetuin B. Our results suggest that ZEN may function as a natural metabolism-disrupting chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Nagl
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (V.N.); (B.G.)
| | - Bertrand Grenier
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria; (V.N.); (B.G.)
| | - Philippe Pinton
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France; (P.P.); (I.P.O.)
| | - Ursula Ruczizka
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Maximiliane Dippel
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Moritz Bünger
- University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (U.R.); (M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Isabelle P. Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France; (P.P.); (I.P.O.)
| | - Laura Soler
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, University of Toulouse, UPS, 31027 Toulouse, France; (P.P.); (I.P.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-582-066-403
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Integrating Statistical and Machine-Learning Approach for Meta-Analysis of Bisphenol A-Exposure Datasets Reveals Effects on Mouse Gene Expression within Pathways of Apoptosis and Cell Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910785. [PMID: 34639124 PMCID: PMC8509605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenols are important environmental pollutants that are extensively studied due to different detrimental effects, while the molecular mechanisms behind these effects are less well understood. Like other environmental pollutants, bisphenols are being tested in various experimental models, creating large expression datasets found in open access storage. The meta-analysis of such datasets is, however, very complicated for various reasons. Here, we developed an integrating statistical and machine-learning model approach for the meta-analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure datasets from different mouse tissues. We constructed three joint datasets following three different strategies for dataset integration: in particular, using all common genes from the datasets, uncorrelated, and not co-expressed genes, respectively. By applying machine learning methods to these datasets, we identified genes whose expression was significantly affected in all of the BPA microanalysis data tested; those involved in the regulation of cell survival include: Tnfr2, Hgf-Met, Agtr1a, Bdkrb2; signaling through Mapk8 (Jnk1)); DNA repair (Hgf-Met, Mgmt); apoptosis (Tmbim6, Bcl2, Apaf1); and cellular junctions (F11r, Cldnd1, Ctnd1 and Yes1). Our results highlight the benefit of combining existing datasets for the integrated analysis of a specific topic when individual datasets are limited in size.
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Ougier E, Zeman F, Antignac JP, Rousselle C, Lange R, Kolossa-Gehring M, Apel P. Human biomonitoring initiative (HBM4EU): Human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) derived for bisphenol A. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 154:106563. [PMID: 33894553 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The "European Human Biomonitoring Initiative" (HBM4EU) derives human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) for the general population (HBM-GVGenPop) and/or for occupationally exposed adults (HBM-GVWorker) for several priority substances and substance groups as identified by policy makers, scientists and stakeholders at EU and national level, including bisphenol A (BPA). Human exposure to BPA is widespread and of particular concern because of its known endocrine-disrupting properties. Unlike the conjugated forms of BPA circulating in the body, free BPA is known to interact with the nuclear estrogen receptors. Because free BPA is considered to be more toxicologically active than the conjugated forms (e.g. BPA-glucuronide (BPA-G) and BPA-sulfate (BPA-S)), its measurement in blood provides the superior surrogate of the biologically effective dose. However, considering the difficulty of implementing blood sampling in large HBM cohorts, as well as the current analytical capacities complying with the quality assurance (QA)/quality control (QC) schemes, total BPA in urine (i.e. the sum of free and conjugated forms of BPA measured after an hydrolysis of phase II metabolites) was retained as the relevant exposure biomarker for BPA. HBM-GVGenPop for total BPA in urine of 230 µg/L and 135 µg/L for adults and children, respectively, were developed on the basis of toxicological data. To derive these values, the concentrations of urinary total BPA consistent with a steady-state exposure to the temporary Tolerable Daily Intake (t-TDI) of 4 µg/kg bw/day set in 2015 by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) were estimated. The BPA human physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model developed by Karrer et al. (2018) was used, assuming an oral exposure to BPA at the t-TDI level averaged over 24 h. Dermal uptake of BPA is suspected to contribute substantially to the total BPA body burden, which in comparison with the oral route, is generating a higher ratio of free BPA to total BPA in blood. Therefore, an alternative approach for calculating the HBM-GVGenPop according to the estimated relative contributions of both the oral and dermal routes to the global BPA exposure is also discussed. Regarding BPA exposure at the workplace, the steady-state concentration of urinary total BPA was estimated after a dermal uptake of BPA that would generate the same concentration of free BPA in plasma (considered as the bioactive form) as would a 24 h-averaged intake to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)'s oral DNEL of 8 µg BPA/kg bw/day set for workers. The predicted concentration of urinary total BPA at steady-state is equivalent to, or exceeds the 95th percentile of total BPA in urine measured in different European HBM studies conducted in the general population. Thus, no HBM-GVWorker was proposed, as the high background level of BPA coming from environmental exposure - mostly through food intake - is making the discrimination with the occupational exposure to BPA difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ougier
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France.
| | - Florence Zeman
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Parc ALATA BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | | | - Christophe Rousselle
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses), 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94701 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France
| | - Rosa Lange
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Petra Apel
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Bisphenols and the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: The Role of the Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) are environmental contaminants that have been associated with the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Two organs that are often implicated in the development of insulin resistance are the skeletal muscle and the adipose tissue, however, seldom studies have investigated the effects of bisphenols on their metabolism. In this review we discuss metabolic perturbations that occur in both the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue affected with insulin resistance, and how exposure to BPA or BPS has been linked to these changes. Furthermore, we highlight the possible effects of BPA on the cross-talk between the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.
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In Vitro and Vivo Identification, Metabolism and Action of Xenoestrogens: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084013. [PMID: 33924608 PMCID: PMC8070283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenoestrogens (XEs) are substances that imitate endogenous estrogens to affect the physiologic functions of humans or other animals. As endocrine disruptors, they can be either synthetic or natural chemical compounds derived from diet, pesticides, cosmetics, plastics, plants, industrial byproducts, metals, and medications. By mimicking the chemical structure that is naturally occurring estrogen compounds, synthetic XEs, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), bisphenol A (BPA), and diethylstilbestrol (DES), are considered the focus of a group of exogenous chemical. On the other hand, nature phytoestrogens in soybeans can also serve as XEs to exert estrogenic activities. In contrast, some XEs are not similar to estrogens in structure and can affect the physiologic functions in ways other than ER-ERE ligand routes. Studies have confirmed that even the weakly active compounds could interfere with the hormonal balance with persistency or high concentrations of XEs, thus possibly being associated with the occurrence of the reproductive tract or neuroendocrine disorders and congenital malformations. However, XEs are most likely to exert tissue-specific and non-genomic actions when estrogen concentrations are relatively low. Current research has reported that there is not only one factor affected by XEs, but opposite directions are also found on several occasions, or even different components stem from the identical endocrine pathway; thus, it is more challenging and unpredictable of the physical health. This review provides a summary of the identification, detection, metabolism, and action of XEs. However, many details of the underlying mechanisms remain unknown and warrant further investigation.
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Callaghan MA, Alatorre-Hinojosa S, Connors LT, Singh RD, Thompson JA. Plasticizers and Cardiovascular Health: Role of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:626448. [PMID: 33716730 PMCID: PMC7947604 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.626448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1950s, the production of plastics has increased 200-fold, reaching 360 million tonnes in 2019. Plasticizers, additives that modify the flexibility and rigidity of the product, are ingested as they migrate into food and beverages. Human exposure is continuous and widespread; between 75 and 97% of urine samples contain detectable levels of bisphenols and phthalates, the most common plasticizers. Concern over the toxicity of plasticizers arose in the late 1990s, largely focused around adverse developmental and reproductive effects. More recently, many studies have demonstrated that exposure to plasticizers increases the risk for obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the 2000s, many governments including Canada, the United States and European countries restricted the use of certain plasticizers in products targeted towards infants and children. Resultant consumer pressure motivated manufacturers to substitute plasticizers with analogues, which have been marketed as safe. However, data on the effects of these new substitutes are limited and data available to-date suggest that many exhibit similar properties to the chemicals they replaced. The adverse effects of plasticizers have largely been attributed to their endocrine disrupting properties, which modulate hormone signaling. Adipose tissue has been well-documented to be a target of the disrupting effects of both bisphenols and phthalates. Since adipose tissue function is a key determinant of cardiovascular health, adverse effects of plasticizers on adipocyte signaling and function may underlie their link to cardiovascular disease. Herein, we discuss the current evidence linking bisphenols and phthalates to obesity and CVD and consider how documented impacts of these plasticizers on adipocyte function may contribute to the development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyla A Callaghan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Liam T Connors
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Radha D Singh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Health Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Vanni R, Bussuan RM, Rombaldi RL, Arbex AK. Endocrine Disruptors and the Induction of Insulin Resistance. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:e102220187107. [PMID: 33092513 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666201022121254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased at an alarming rate worldwide and constitutes a serious challenge to public health care in the 21st century. Endocrine disrupting chemicals are defined as "substances or mixtures of substances that alter the endocrine system functions and, hence, adversely affect organisms, their progeny, or sub populations" and may be associated with this increase in prevalence. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in insulin resistance and the importance of approaching the subject during anamnesis. METHODS A full review of the literature regarding insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes and endocrine disruptors were conducted. CONCLUSION Large-scale production and distribution of endocrine disrupting chemicals coincide with the increase in the prevalence of insulin resistance globally. In recent years, studies have shown that endocrine disrupting chemicals are positively associated with insulin resistance syndrome, evidenced by worse prognoses among individuals with higher levels of exposure. Health professionals should recognize the forms of exposure, most susceptible people, and lifestyle habits that can worsen patients' prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Vanni
- IPEMED Medical School/ AFYA Educational, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alberto K Arbex
- Medical Clinic in Schleswig-Flensburg, State of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
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Bahelka I, Stupka R, Čítek J, Šprysl M. The impact of bisphenols on reproductive system and on offspring in pigs - A review 2011-2020. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128203. [PMID: 33297166 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study summarizes the knowledge about effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues on reproduction of pigs and some parameters of their offspring during period 2011-2020. Bisphenols are known as one of the most harmful environmental toxicants with endocrine-disrupting properties. One study in the reference period related to male reproductive system. Treatment with an antagonist of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) - G15, and bisphenol A and its analogues, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tetrachromobisphenol A (TCBPA) diversely disrupted protein molecules controlling the biogenesis and function of microRNA in Leydig cells. Nine studies examined the effect of BPA, bisphenol S (BPS) or fluorene-9-bisphenol (BHPF) on female reproductive system. From the possible protective effect's point of view seems to be perspective the administration of melatonin in BPA-exposed oocytes. Finally, two studies were found to evaluate the maternal exposure to BPA on offspring's meat quality, muscle metabolism and oxidative stress. Administration of methyl donor improved antioxidant enzymes activity and reduced oxidative stress in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Bahelka
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Stupka
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Čítek
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Šprysl
- Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Czech Republic
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Mustieles V, D'Cruz SC, Couderq S, Rodríguez-Carrillo A, Fini JB, Hofer T, Steffensen IL, Dirven H, Barouki R, Olea N, Fernández MF, David A. Bisphenol A and its analogues: A comprehensive review to identify and prioritize effect biomarkers for human biomonitoring. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:105811. [PMID: 32866736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) studies have demonstrated widespread and daily exposure to bisphenol A (BPA). Moreover, BPA structural analogues (e.g. BPS, BPF, BPAF), used as BPA replacements, are being increasingly detected in human biological matrices. BPA and some of its analogues are classified as endocrine disruptors suspected of contributing to adverse health outcomes such as altered reproduction and neurodevelopment, obesity, and metabolic disorders among other developmental and chronic impairments. One of the aims of the H2020 European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) is the implementation of effect biomarkers at large scales in future HBM studies in a systematic and standardized way, in order to complement exposure data with mechanistically-based biomarkers of early adverse effects. This review aimed to identify and prioritize existing biomarkers of effect for BPA, as well as to provide relevant mechanistic and adverse outcome pathway (AOP) information in order to cover knowledge gaps and better interpret effect biomarker data. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed to identify all the epidemiologic studies published in the last 10 years addressing the potential relationship between bisphenols exposure and alterations in biological parameters. A total of 5716 references were screened, out of which, 119 full-text articles were analyzed and tabulated in detail. This work provides first an overview of all epigenetics, gene transcription, oxidative stress, reproductive, glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones, metabolic and allergy/immune biomarkers previously studied. Then, promising effect biomarkers related to altered neurodevelopmental and reproductive outcomes including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), kisspeptin (KiSS), and gene expression of nuclear receptors are prioritized, providing mechanistic insights based on in vitro, animal studies and AOP information. Finally, the potential of omics technologies for biomarker discovery and its implications for risk assessment are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to comprehensively identify bisphenol-related biomarkers of effect for HBM purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Mustieles
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Shereen Cynthia D'Cruz
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Stephan Couderq
- Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Département "Adaptation du Vivant", UMR 7221 MNHN/CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75006, France
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Fini
- Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes, Département "Adaptation du Vivant", UMR 7221 MNHN/CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75006, France
| | - Tim Hofer
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger-Lise Steffensen
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hubert Dirven
- Section of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Barouki
- University Paris Descartes, ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM, National Institute of Health & Medical Research) UMR S-1124, Paris, France
| | - Nicolás Olea
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Arthur David
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Soave I, Occhiali T, Assorgi C, Marci R, Caserta D. Environmental toxin exposure in polycystic ovary syndrome women and possible ovarian neoplastic repercussion. Curr Med Res Opin 2020; 36:693-703. [PMID: 32046531 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2020.1729108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Over the last two decades, increasing attention has been paid to environmental toxins and their effects on the female reproductive system. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances or mixtures that can mimic the action of steroid hormones and interfere with their metabolism. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are proinflammatory molecules that can interact with cell surface receptors and mediate the triggering of proinflammatory pathways and oxidative stress. The purpose of this review is to explore the effects of environmental toxin exposure in the pathogenesis of both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and OC (ovarian cancer), considered separately, and also to evaluate possible neoplastic ovarian repercussion after exposure in patients diagnosed with PCOS.Materials and methods: We searched PubMed for articles published in the English language with the use of the following MeSH search terms: "polycystic ovary syndrome" and "ovarian cancer" combined with "endocrine disruptors". Titles and abstracts were examined and full articles that met the selection criteria were retrieved. A manual search of review articles and cross-references completed the search.Results: Extensive data from different studies collected in recent years concerning the effects of EDC/AGE exposure have confirmed their role in the pathophysiology of both PCOS and OC. They favor PCOS/OC development through different mechanisms that finally lead to hormonal and metabolic disruption and epigenetic modifications.Conclusions: Environmental toxin exposure in PCOS women could favor neoplastic transformation by exacerbating and potentiating some PCOS features. Further research, although difficult, is needed in order to prevent further diffusion of these substances in the environment, or at least to provide adequate information to the population considered at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Soave
- Department of Surgical and Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Occhiali
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Assorgi
- Department of Surgical and Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Marci
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Donatella Caserta
- Department of Surgical and Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Soundararajan A, Yoganantharajah P, Raghavan S, Mohan V, Balasubramanyam M, Gibert Y. Bisphenol A exposure under metabolic stress induces accelerated cellular senescence in vivo in a p53 independent manner. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:1201-1211. [PMID: 31358486 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is an irreversible process that is a characteristic of age-associated disease like Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Bisphenol-A (BPA), one of the most common endocrine disruptor chemicals, received special attention in the development of insulin resistance and T2D. To understand the role played by BPA in cellular senescence under metabolic stress, zebrafish embryos were exposed to BPA in the absence and presence of hyperglycaemia. Transcriptional levels of the senescence markers p15, p53, Rb1 and β-galactosidase were increased when BPA was combined with metabolic stress. In addition, zebrafish embryos that were exposed to combination of hyperglycaemia and BPA exhibited increased levels of apoptosis. However, cellular senescence remained induced by a combination of hyperglycaemia and BPA exposure even in the absence of a translated p53 protein suggesting that senescence is primarily independent of it but dependent on the p15-Rb1 pathway under our experimental conditions. To confirm that our results hold true in adult mammalian tissues, we validated our embryonic experiments in an adult mammalian metabolic model of skeletal muscle cells. Our work reveals a novel and unique converging role of senescence and apoptosis axis contributing to glucose dyshomeostasis. Thus, we conclude that BPA exposure can exacerbate existing metabolic stress to increase cellular senescence that leads to aggravation of disease phenotype in age-associated diseases like type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Soundararajan
- Metabolic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, Metabolic Research Unit, Deakin University School of Medicine, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; Depts. of Cell and Molecular Biology and Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, ICMR- Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes and WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Prusothman Yoganantharajah
- Metabolic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, Metabolic Research Unit, Deakin University School of Medicine, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Srividhya Raghavan
- Depts. of Cell and Molecular Biology and Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, ICMR- Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes and WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Depts. of Cell and Molecular Biology and Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, ICMR- Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes and WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam
- Depts. of Cell and Molecular Biology and Diabetology, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, ICMR- Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes and WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention & Control, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Yann Gibert
- Metabolic Genetic Diseases Laboratory, Metabolic Research Unit, Deakin University School of Medicine, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia.
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Manukyan L, Dunder L, Lind PM, Bergsten P, Lejonklou MH. Developmental exposure to a very low dose of bisphenol A induces persistent islet insulin hypersecretion in Fischer 344 rat offspring. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:127-136. [PMID: 30782532 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In children with obesity, accentuated insulin secretion has been coupled with development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical with endocrine- and metabolism-disrupting properties which can be measured in a majority of the population. Exposure to BPA has been associated with the development of metabolic diseases including T2DM. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate if exposure early in life to an environmentally relevant low dose of BPA causes insulin hypersecretion in rat offspring. METHODS Pregnant Fischer 344 rats were exposed to 0.5 (BPA0.5) or 50 (BPA50) µg BPA/kg BW/day via drinking water from gestational day 3.5 until postnatal day 22. Pancreata from dams and 5- and 52-week-old offspring were procured and islets were isolated by collagenase digestion. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and insulin content in the islets were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Basal (5.5 mM glucose) islet insulin secretion was not affected by BPA exposure. However, stimulated (11 mM glucose) insulin secretion was enhanced by about 50% in islets isolated from BPA0.5-exposed 5- and 52-week-old female and male offspring and by 80% in islets from dams, compared with control. In contrast, the higher dose, BPA50, reduced stimulated insulin secretion by 40% in both 5- and 52-week-old female and male offspring and dams, compared with control. CONCLUSION A BPA intake 8 times lower than the European Food Safety Authority's (EFSA's) current tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 4 µg/kg BW/day of BPA delivered via drinking water during gestation and early development causes islet insulin hypersecretion in rat offspring up to one year after exposure. The effects of BPA exposure on the endocrine pancreas may promote the development of metabolic disease including T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon Manukyan
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Linda Dunder
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - P Monica Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Peter Bergsten
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Margareta H Lejonklou
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Piazza MJ, Urbanetz AA. Environmental toxins and the impact of other endocrine disrupting chemicals in women's reproductive health. JBRA Assist Reprod 2019; 23:154-164. [PMID: 30875185 PMCID: PMC6501744 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20190016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to look into agents and mechanisms characterized as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). These agents are known to cause several harmful effects to the reproductive system of women and wildlife. There is a wide range of chemicals, developed for commercial use mainly in agriculture, which may cause endocrine disruption. Numerous studies show evidence of environmental contamination. However, no one is being held liable for the damages. The most important potentially harmful agents are identified and described, along with the different effects they have on the female genital area. Brazil is a large consumer of pesticides and others chemicals that may interfere with a normal women's life. We analyzed and described the mode of action and the impacts of different EDCs (bisphenols, phthalates, atrazine, polychlorinated and polybrominated biphenyls, DDT-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; DDE-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; DDD-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane; and DES-diethylstilbestrol) on the genital area, ovarian steroidogenesis, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, the structure of the uterus and the vagina, and on the formation of leiomyomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauri José Piazza
- Tocogynecology Department, Universidade Federal do
Paraná – UFPR – Curitiba (PR), Brazil
| | - Almir Antônio Urbanetz
- Tocogynecology Department, Universidade Federal do
Paraná – UFPR – Curitiba (PR), Brazil
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Emfietzoglou R, Spyrou N, Mantzoros CS, Dalamaga M. Could the endocrine disruptor bisphenol-A be implicated in the pathogenesis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer? Metabolic considerations and future directions. Metabolism 2019; 91:61-69. [PMID: 30458176 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA), a prototype endocrine disrupting molecule, has been associated with many disease entities such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, polycystic ovarian disease, cardiovascular disease, reproductive and neurodevelopmental disorders. BPA has also been associated mainly with not only hormone sensitive cancers such as breast, prostate, endometrial, ovarian, testicular and thyroid cancers but also non-hormonal sensitive cancers such as cervical and lung cancers, osteosarcoma and meningioma. Recent research has investigated the sources of contamination which are responsible for higher BPA concentrations in the oral cavity and oropharyngeal space, representing the first site of BPA exposure after ingestion. Besides growing awareness and case registration, the incidence and prevalence of oral (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) have increased during the last decades correlating with the increased production of BPA worldwide. So far, no study in the medical literature has explored the association of BPA with OC and OPC. BPA may be linked to the etiopathogenesis of OC and OPC through a multitude of mechanisms encompassing and interconnecting genetic, epigenetic, inflammatory, immune, metabolic, hormonal and oxidative stress alterations as well as modulation of oral microbiome. Hence, it is not possible to rule out a potential role of BPA exposure in oral and oropharyngeal tissue carcinogenesis, especially knowing its potential to participate in other non-hormonal sensitive malignancies and to deregulate signaling pathways implicated in OC and OPC. This perspective aims at outlining evidence and proposing for the first time a potential link between BPA with OC and OPC, the most frequent subtypes of head and neck malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodopi Emfietzoglou
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece; Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Spyrou
- 251 Airforce General Hospital, Kanellopoulou 3, 115 25 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Section of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias street, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
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Berni M, Gigante P, Bussolati S, Grasselli F, Grolli S, Ramoni R, Basini G. Bisphenol S, a Bisphenol A alternative, impairs swine ovarian and adipose cell functions. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 66:48-56. [PMID: 30439591 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The high-volume-produced plastic monomer Bisphenol A (BPA) has been in the spotlight in the last years because of its endocrine disruptor (ED) behavior, leading to disclosure of the association between the widespread human and wildlife exposure to BPA and reproductive, metabolic, and developmental disorders and hormone-dependent cancer onset. These evidences caused restrictions and prohibitions of BPA industrial uses and prompted investigation of harmless alternative compounds. Above all, several countries have substituted the parental analogue with Bisphenol S (BPS) in baby care product manufacturing, even if its structural homology to BPA suggests similar ED properties not yet completely ruled out. In light of this consideration, the aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of BPS exposure (0.1, 1, and 10 μM for 48 h) on granulosa cells that are considered the prime ovarian targets of BPA as a "reproductive toxicant". Our data document that BPS inhibited E2 production, cell proliferation, and scavenging nonenzymatic activity (P < 0.05) while it significantly (P < 0.05) stimulated cell viability, superoxide (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO) production in cultured swine granulosa cells, a previously validated endocrine cell model for BPA. Evidence also exists that BPA and its analogues, as environmental lipophilic pollutants, are involved in the disruption of adipose tissue (AT) endocrine function, resulting in metabolic effects and thus in potential reproductive disorders. On this basis, our second purpose was the assessment of BPS effects on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from porcine AT, taking into account MSCs viability and adipogenic differentiation, a process actually demonstrated to be largely affected by EDs. Our results show that BPS decreased (P < 0.001) cell viability of proliferating adipose stromal cells. Taken as a whole, our data demonstrate an effective BPS ED activity at μM concentrations, suggesting that further studies are needed before considering its use in industrial application as an alternative to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - P Gigante
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - S Bussolati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - F Grasselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - S Grolli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - R Ramoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - G Basini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy.
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D'Adamo E, Castorani V, Nobili V. The Liver in Children With Metabolic Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:514. [PMID: 31428049 PMCID: PMC6687849 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as an emerging health risk in obese children and adolescents. NAFLD represents a wide spectrum of liver conditions, ranging from asymptomatic steatosis to steatohepatitis. The growing prevalence of fatty liver disease in children is associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular complications. NAFLD is considered the hepatic manifestation of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and several lines of evidence have reported that children with NAFLD present one or more features of MetS. The pathogenetic mechanisms explaining the interrelationships between fatty liver disease and MetS are not clearly understood. Altough central obesity and insulin resistance seem to represent the core of the pathophysiology in both diseases, genetic susceptibility and enviromental triggers are emerging as crucial components promoting the development of NAFLD and MetS in children. In the present review we have identified and summarizied studies discussing current pathogenetic data of the association between NAFLD and MetS in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebe D'Adamo
- Department of Neonatology, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ebe D'Adamo
| | | | - Valerio Nobili
- Department of Pediatrics, University “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, IRCCS “Bambino Gesù” Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Errico S, Portaccio M, Nicolucci C, Meccariello R, Chianese R, Scafuro M, Lepore M, Diano N. A novel experimental approach for liver analysis in rats exposed to Bisphenol A by means of LC-mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 165:207-212. [PMID: 30553981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An innovative complementary approach using a liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometer method and infrared spectroscopy is proposed for measuring internal biological exposure to dangerous chemical contaminants and for monitoring biochemical changes in target organs. The proposed methodologies were validated and applied in the case of rats exposed to low-doses of Bisphenol A (BPA). A liquid chromatographic method coupled to a tandem mass spectrometer was used in order to measure BPA concentration in rat livers. BPA was detected at different levels in all liver samples from BPA-treated rats, although the exposure dose was the same in all treated animals, and also from control rats, highlighting the difficulties in eliminating external uncontrolled exposure and the need for internal biological monitoring. Fourier Transform Infrared analysis was applied to detect structural changes occurring in several molecules (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids) as well as the presence of specific metabolic processes. The spectroscopic analyses clearly demonstrated a different lipid composition more than an evident lipid accumulation and a glycogen accumulation decrease, revealing a metabolic disturbance in livers with a normal histological aspect. These results demonstrated the potential of an integrated approach based on mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy to evaluate at an early stage the hepatotoxic effect of BPA exposure in an animal model. This approach can be usefully exploited in all the investigations aimed to provide better information concerning the interrelationships between contaminant exposure, dose, and health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Errico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Portaccio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Carla Nicolucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Meccariello
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina, 40, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marika Scafuro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lepore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Diano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
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Russo G, Barbato F, Mita DG, Grumetto L. Simultaneous determination of fifteen multiclass organic pollutants in human saliva and serum by liquid chromatography–tandem ultraviolet/fluorescence detection: A validated method. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 33:e4427. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Russo
- Pharm‐Analysis & Bio‐Pharm Laboratory. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Francesco Barbato
- Pharm‐Analysis & Bio‐Pharm Laboratory. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
| | - Damiano Gustavo Mita
- National Laboratory on Endocrine DisruptorsNational Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB) Naples Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics of CNR Naples Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario INBB Rome Italy
| | - Lucia Grumetto
- Pharm‐Analysis & Bio‐Pharm Laboratory. Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico II Naples Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario INBB Rome Italy
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Le Magueresse-Battistoni B, Multigner L, Beausoleil C, Rousselle C. Effects of bisphenol A on metabolism and evidences of a mode of action mediated through endocrine disruption. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 475:74-91. [PMID: 29481862 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on rodent studies after prenatal and/or perinatal or adult exposure, there is now evidence that BPA may increase metabolic disturbances eventually leading to type-2 diabetes development via an ED MoA. In particular, BPA has been shown to alter insulin synthesis and/or release by pancreatic β-cells, and insulin signaling within insulin-sensitive organs (i.e., liver, muscle, adipose tissues). This resulted in variations in the expression of specific hepatic or adipose tissue markers, which are indicative of a state of insulin resistance. These effects are considered by experts to be hallmarks of adverse hormonal effects, each leading to insulin resistance within the different insulin-sensitive tissues. Although epidemiological studies are inconclusive, these effects are considered relevant for humans, because similarities exist in homeostatic regulation of insulin production and sensitivity between rodents and humans and because evidence was also shown through in vitro experimental data using human cells or tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Le Magueresse-Battistoni
- Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, INSA Lyon, Charles Mérieux Medical School, F-69600 Oullins, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Claire Beausoleil
- Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), France
| | - Christophe Rousselle
- Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), France.
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Marroqui L, Tudurí E, Alonso-Magdalena P, Quesada I, Nadal Á, Dos Santos RS. Mitochondria as target of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: implications for type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol 2018; 239:R27-R45. [PMID: 30072426 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, heterogeneous syndrome characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction or death. Among several environmental factors contributing to type 2 diabetes development, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been receiving special attention. These chemicals include a wide variety of pollutants, from components of plastic to pesticides, with the ability to modulate endocrine system function. EDCs can affect multiple cellular processes, including some related to energy production and utilization, leading to alterations in energy homeostasis. Mitochondria are primarily implicated in cellular energy conversion, although they also participate in other processes, such as hormone secretion and apoptosis. In fact, mitochondrial dysfunction due to reduced oxidative capacity, impaired lipid oxidation and increased oxidative stress has been linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Herein, we review the main mechanisms whereby metabolism-disrupting chemical (MDC), a subclass of EDCs that disturbs energy homeostasis, cause mitochondrial dysfunction, thus contributing to the establishment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We conclude that MDC-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, which is mainly characterized by perturbations in mitochondrial bioenergetics, biogenesis and dynamics, excessive reactive oxygen species production and activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, seems to be a relevant mechanism linking MDCs to type 2 diabetes development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marroqui
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Eva Tudurí
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Iván Quesada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ángel Nadal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Reinaldo Sousa Dos Santos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) and Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
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40
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Yang TC, Peterson KE, Meeker JD, Sánchez BN, Zhang Z, Cantoral A, Solano M, Tellez-Rojo MM. Exposure to Bisphenol A and phthalates metabolites in the third trimester of pregnancy and BMI trajectories. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:550-557. [PMID: 29700996 PMCID: PMC6988102 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates metabolites are linked to a variety of adverse health consequences but studies have not explored their association with growth trajectories. OBJECTIVE Explore body mass index (BMI) trajectories for tertile exposures to BPA and phthalates metabolites in the third trimester of pregnancy. METHODS We constructed BMI (kg/m2 ) trajectories from birth to 14 years in a birth cohort of 249 children from Mexico City using tertiles of third trimester maternal urinary concentrations of BPA and phthalates metabolites. Fractional age polynomials and mixed effects models were fit separately by sex. Predicted models were plotted for each metabolite tertile with the covariates mother's education and BMI centered at average values. RESULTS Highest predicted BMI trajectories for female children were observed for third tertile exposure to the phthalate metabolite mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate. In male children, first tertile exposure to mono-isobutyl phthalate and monobenzyl phthalate and second tertile exposure to mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate predicted the highest BMI trajectory by adolescence. There was no relationshsip between BPA and child growth trajectory. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest sex-specific differences in BMI trajectories by levels of metabolite exposure. Additional studies are needed to consider growth through adolescence in assessing the association of pregnancy exposures on child's BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany C Yang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Born in Bradford, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brisa N Sánchez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alejandra Cantoral
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Maritsa Solano
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Martha M Tellez-Rojo
- Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Yeung EH, Sundaram R, Xie Y, Lawrence DA. Newborn adipokines and early childhood growth. Pediatr Obes 2018; 13:505-513. [PMID: 29781193 PMCID: PMC6105426 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While adipokines can regulate satiety and energy metabolism, whether they are associated with childhood growth is unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether adipokine levels at birth are associated with growth. METHODS A total of 2264 singletons and 1144 twins from Upstate KIDS (born 2008-2010) had adiponectin, leptin, resistin and complement factor D measured in newborn blood spots. Parents reported anthropometry from paediatric visits via questionnaires every 4-6 months. Generalized linear mixed effects models were used to estimate growth trajectories through 3 years of age. RESULTS Among singletons, resistin and leptin were associated with greater weight-for-age (0.12 z-score units (95%CI: 0.04, 0.20) [p = 0.003] and 0.15 (0.06, 0.24) [p = 0.001], respectively) and BMI z-score (0.11; 0.02, 0.20 [p = 0.02] and 0.18; 0.07, 0.28 [p = 0.002], respectively). After adjusting for birthweight, resistin and a ratio of resistin-to-adiponectin remained associated with weight through 3 years of age and odds of being overweight at 3 years of age in a subgroup of singletons. Among twins, adiponectin was associated with increased weight-for-age and length-for-age z-scores even after adjusting for birthweight (0.18; 0.08, 0.28 [p = 0.0006]; 0.20; 0.07, 0.33 [p = 0.003], respectively). CONCLUSIONS Levels of adipokines were associated with early childhood growth in small magnitudes. Resistin may be relevant for further examination in paediatric obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwina H. Yeung
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6170B Rockledge Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6170B Rockledge Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yunlong Xie
- Gloltec, Inc., 6710B Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD, United States, 20892
| | - David A. Lawrence
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 128 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, USA 12208,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, NY, USA 12208
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Jackson E, Shoemaker R, Larian N, Cassis L. Adipose Tissue as a Site of Toxin Accumulation. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:1085-1135. [PMID: 28915320 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We examine the role of adipose tissue, typically considered an energy storage site, as a potential site of toxicant accumulation. Although the production of most persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was banned years ago, these toxicants persist in the environment due to their resistance to biodegradation and widespread distribution in various environmental forms (e.g., vapor, sediment, and water). As a result, human exposure to these toxicants is inevitable. Largely due to their lipophilicity, POPs bioaccumulate in adipose tissue, resulting in greater body burdens of these environmental toxicants with obesity. POPs of major concern include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), and polybrominated biphenyls and diphenyl ethers (PBBs/PBDEs), among other organic compounds. In this review, we (i) highlight the physical characteristics of toxicants that enable them to partition into and remain stored in adipose tissue, (ii) discuss the specific mechanisms of action by which these toxicants act to influence adipocyte function, and (iii) review associations between POP exposures and the development of obesity and diabetes. An area of controversy relates to the relative potential beneficial versus hazardous health effects of toxicant sequestration in adipose tissue. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1085-1135, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Robin Shoemaker
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Nika Larian
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lisa Cassis
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Bisphenol A and Metabolic Diseases: Challenges for Occupational Medicine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14090959. [PMID: 28841159 PMCID: PMC5615496 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14090959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases has markedly increased worldwide during the last few decades. Lifestyle factors (physical activity, energy-dense diets), together with a genetic predisposition, are well known factors in the pathophysiology of health problems. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound used for polycarbonate plastics, food containers, epoxy resins coating metallic cans for food and beverage conservation. The ability of BPA to act as an endocrine disruptor-xenoestrogen in particular-is largely documented in literature, with numerous publications of in vivo and in vitro studies as well as epidemiological data on humans. Recently, different researchers studied the involvement of BPA in the development of insulin resistance; evidences in this way showed a potential role in etiology of metabolic disease, both for children and for adults. We review the epidemiological literature in the relation between BPA exposure and the risk of metabolic diseases in adults, with a focus on occupational exposure. Considering published data and the role of occupational physicians in promoting Workers' Health, specific situations of exposure to BPA in workplace are described, and proposals for action to be taken are suggested. The comparison of the studies showed that exposure levels were higher in workers than in the general population, even if, sometimes, the measurement units used did not permit rapid comprehension. Nevertheless, occupational medicine focus on reproductive effects and not metabolic ones.
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Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor with an oestrogenic activity that is widely produced for the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic, epoxy resin, and thermal paper. Its ubiquitous presence in the environment contributes to broad and continuous human exposure, which has been associated with deleterious health effects. Despite numerous controversial discussions and a lack of consensus about BPA's safety, growing evidence indicates that BPA exposure positively correlates with an increased risk of developing obesity. An updated analysis of the epidemiological, in vivo, and in vitro studies indicates that BPA should be considered an obesogenic environmental compound. Precisely, BPA exposure during all life stages correlates with increased body weight and/or body mass index. Developmental periods that include prenatal, infancy, and childhood appear to be critical windows with increased sensitivity to BPA effects. Finally, blood analysis and in vitro data clearly demonstrate that BPA promotes adipogenesis, lipid and glucose dysregulation, and adipose tissue inflammation, thus contributing to the pathophysiology of obesity. Future prevention efforts should now be employed to avoid BPA exposure, and more research to determine in depth the critical time windows, doses, and impact of long-term exposure of BPA is warranted in order to clarify its risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Legeay
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, Université Bretagne Loire, IRIS-IBS-CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49100, Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Faure
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, Université Bretagne Loire, IRIS-IBS-CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49100, Angers, France
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Nicolucci C, Errico S, Federico A, Dallio M, Loguercio C, Diano N. Human exposure to Bisphenol A and liver health status: Quantification of urinary and circulating levels by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:105-112. [PMID: 28346880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A selective and highly sensitive analytical methodology for determination of Bisphenol A in human plasma was developed and validated. The method was based on selective liquid/solid extraction, combined with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode and negative ionization. The linearity of the detector response was verified in human plasma over the concentration range 0.100-200ngmL-1. The detection limit was 0.03ngmL-1 and the quantification limit was 0.100ngmL-1. The analytical features of the proposed in-house validated method were satisfactory: precision was <10% and recoveries were around 84-104%. The matrix effect was studied and compensated using deuterated labeled standard. The applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated analyzing human plasma samples from individuals affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Bisphenol A was detected above the detection limit in all samples. The data show a persistence of unconjugated Bisphenol A levels in plasma and indicate a chronic Bisphenol A exposure of the target organ, suggesting an association between liver health status and Bisphenol A exposure. The results from our study are valuable for further investigation with large sample size and longitudinal study designs, necessary to confirm the observed association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Nicolucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Errico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Hepatogastroenterology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Dallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Hepatogastroenterology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmelina Loguercio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Hepatogastroenterology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Diano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via S. M. di Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Lombardi G, Barbaro M, Locatelli M, Banfi G. Novel bone metabolism-associated hormones: the importance of the pre-analytical phase for understanding their physiological roles. Endocrine 2017; 56:460-484. [PMID: 28181144 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1239-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The endocrine function of bone is now a recognized feature of this tissue. Bone-derived hormones that modulate whole-body homeostasis, are being discovered as for the effects on bone of novel and classic hormones produced by other tissues become known. Often, however, the data regarding these last generation bone-derived or bone-targeting hormones do not give about a clear picture of their physiological roles or concentration ranges. A certain degree of uncertainty could stem from differences in the pre-analytical management of biological samples. The pre-analytical phase comprises a series of decisions and actions (i.e., choice of sample matrix, methods of collection, transportation, treatment and storage) preceding analysis. Errors arising in this phase will inevitably be carried over to the analytical phase where they can reduce the measurement accuracy, ultimately, leading discrepant results. While the pre-analytical phase is all important, in routine laboratory medicine, it is often not given due consideration in research and clinical trials. This is particularly true for novel molecules, such as the hormones regulating the endocrine function of bone. In this review we discuss the importance of the pre-analytical variables affecting the measurement of last generation bone-associated hormones and describe their, often debated and rarely clear physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mosè Barbaro
- Laboratory Medicine Service, San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
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Le Magueresse-Battistoni B, Labaronne E, Vidal H, Naville D. Endocrine disrupting chemicals in mixture and obesity, diabetes and related metabolic disorders. World J Biol Chem 2017; 8:108-119. [PMID: 28588754 PMCID: PMC5439162 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v8.i2.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders represent a major societal challenge in health and quality of life with large psychological consequences in addition to physical disabilities. They are also one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Although, different etiologic factors including excessive food intake and reduced physical activity have been well identified, they cannot explain the kinetics of epidemic evolution of obesity and diabetes with prevalence rates reaching pandemic proportions. Interestingly, convincing data have shown that environmental pollutants, specifically those endowed with endocrine disrupting activities, could contribute to the etiology of these multifactorial metabolic disorders. Within this review, we will recapitulate characteristics of endocrine disruption. We will demonstrate that metabolic disorders could originate from endocrine disruption with a particular focus on convincing data from the literature. Eventually, we will present how handling an original mouse model of chronic exposition to a mixture of pollutants allowed demonstrating that a mixture of pollutants each at doses beyond their active dose could induce substantial deleterious effects on several metabolic end-points. This proof-of-concept study, as well as other studies on mixtures of pollutants, stresses the needs for revisiting the current threshold model used in risk assessment which does not take into account potential effects of mixtures containing pollutants at environmental doses, e.g., the real life exposure. Certainly, more studies are necessary to better determine the nature of the chemicals to which humans are exposed and at which level, and their health impact. As well, research studies on substitute products are essential to identify harmless molecules.
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Rutkowska AZ, Diamanti-Kandarakis E. Polycystic ovary syndrome and environmental toxins. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:948-58. [PMID: 27559705 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common, heterogeneous, and multifactorial endocrine disorder in premenopausal women. The pathophysiology of this endocrinopathy is still unclear; however, the heterogeneity of its features within ethnic races, geographic location, and families suggests that environment and lifestyle are of prime importance. This work is mainly focused on the possible role of the most common and studied environmental toxins for this syndrome in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Plasticizers, such as bisphenol A (BPA) or phthalates, which belong to the categories of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs), affect humans' health in everyday, industrialized life; therefore special attention should be paid to such exposure. Timing of exposure to EDCs is crucial for the intensity of adverse health effects. It is now evident that fetuses, infants, and/or young children are the most susceptible groups, especially in the early development periods. Prenatal exposure to EDCs that mimic endogenous hormones may contribute to the altered fetal programming and in consequence lead to PCOS and other adverse health effects, potentially transgenerationally. Acute or prolonged exposure to EDCs and AGEs through different life cycle stages may result in destabilization of the hormonal homeostasis and lead to disruption of reproductive functions. They may also interfere with metabolic alterations such as obesity, insulin resistance, and compensatory hyperinsulinemia that can exacerbate the PCOS phenotype and contribute to PCOS consequences such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Since wide exposure to environmental toxins and their role in the pathophysiology of PCOS are supported by extensive data derived from diverse scientific models, protective strategies and strong recommendations should be considered to reduce human exposure to protect present and future generations from their adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center of Excellence, Medical School University of Athens, EUROCLINIC, Athens, Greece.
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Colao A, Muscogiuri G, Piscitelli P. Environment and Health: Not Only Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:E724. [PMID: 27447654 PMCID: PMC4962265 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13070724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippocratic tradition emphasized environmental causes of diseases and the need for harmony between the individual and the natural environment as the right philosophy to maintain a good health status. Public awareness and scientific attention concerning environmental pollution is usually focused on the consequent increased risk of developing cancer. Air pollution has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) to cause cardiovascular and respiratroy diseases, as well as lung cancer, after acute/chronic exposure to fine particulates (PM2.5 and PM10) even at concentrations which are 50% lower than those accepted as legal limits in many developed countries. An increase of 10 µg/m³ of PM2.5 produces a +4%-6% of overall mortality, a +10% of cardiovascular disease prevalence (arithmyas, acute myocardial infarctions, and heart failure) and a +22% of lung cancer prevalence. In addition to these chronic effects, acute hospitalizations are also affected, especially among susceptible populations such as children and diabetic patients. Water and soil contamination also have an additional detrimental effect on people's health. Other issues concerning environment contamination and human health include male/female fertility, metabolic and thyroid conditions, but also professional exposures resulting in occupational diseases. Moreover, in the perspective of "gender medicine", different acute or chronic effects of environmental pollution should be specifically assessed both in men and in women. This special issue on "Environmental Diseases" is aimed at providing a global overview about different threats to human health possibily originating from environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II School of Medicine, Via Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Southern Italy Hospital Institute (IOS), Medicina Futura Research, Naples 80143, Italy.
| | - Prisco Piscitelli
- Southern Italy Hospital Institute (IOS), Medicina Futura Research, Naples 80143, Italy.
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