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Chen T, Oginni OA, Hannigan LJ, Eley TC, Maggs JL, Linden-Carmichael AN, Neiderhiser JM. Developmental trajectories of child and adolescent emotional problems: associations with early adult alcohol use behaviors. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38924525 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.14034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether emotional problems during childhood and adolescence are longitudinally associated with adult alcohol use behaviors is unclear. This study examined associations between developmental trajectories of emotional problems and early adult alcohol use behaviors, while considering co-occurring conduct problems, developmental change/timing, sex differences, and potential confounds. METHODS Participants were from the Twins Early Development Study (analytic N = 19,908 individuals). Emotional and conduct problems were measured by parent reports at child ages 4, 7, and 9 years and via self-reports at ages 9, 11, and 16 years on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Alcohol use behaviors (alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems) were self-reported by the twins on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test at age 22 years. Piecewise latent growth curve models described nonlinear developmental trajectories of emotional and conduct problems from ages 4 to 16. At age 22, alcohol use was regressed on emotional and conduct problems' intercepts and slopes from piecewise latent growth curve model and sex differences in regression coefficients were tested. Using twin modeling, Cholesky decompositions and direct path models were compared to test whether significant phenotypic associations were best explained by direct phenotypic influences or correlated genetic and environmental influences. RESULTS Emotional problems had different associations with alcohol-related problems versus alcohol consumption. After accounting for direct influences from conduct problems, emotional problems were not associated with alcohol-related problems, while emotional problems at age 9 were negatively associated with alcohol consumption in males. CONCLUSIONS Overall, findings did not support emotional problems as prospective risk factors for severe alcohol use above and beyond risks associated with conduct problems. Sex- and age-specific links between emotional problems and alcohol consumption in early adulthood may be worthy of further exploration, particularly as twin analyses improved our confidence that such links may be underpinned by causal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Olakunle A Oginni
- The Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Laurie J Hannigan
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Thalia C Eley
- The Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer L Maggs
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ashley N Linden-Carmichael
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jenae M Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Charuni Thennakoon J, Deva Adithiya D, Randika Jayamaha A. The Association Between Personality Traits and Substance Use Among Advanced Level Students in Western Province, Sri Lanka: A Cross-sectional Study. ADDICTION & HEALTH 2024; 16:100-106. [PMID: 39051035 PMCID: PMC11264475 DOI: 10.34172/ahj.2024.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Background While personality predominantly influences human cognition, emotion, and behavior, there is still an unresolved research gap concerning the association between personality and substance use within the Sri Lankan context. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between personality traits and substance use among advanced-level students aged over 18 in Western province, Sri Lanka, in 2023. Data collection was carried out using self-administered paper-pencil questionnaires. The study variables were measured using the brief version of the Big Five Personality Inventory and the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Questionnaire. Data analysis involved the use of the chi-square test and Spearman correlation. Findings Of the 441 enrolled participants, 422 provided correct responses to the questionnaire. Among them, 154 (36.5%) reported substance use. The majority of students initiated substance use at the age of 17. The results reveal a significant association between the openness personality trait and substance use among advanced-level students in Western province. Additionally, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the extroversion personality trait and amphetamine use among advanced-level students. Conclusion The findings highlight a significant association between specific personality traits, particularly openness and extroversion, and substance use among advanced-level students in Western province, Sri Lanka. These results emphasize the significance of considering personality factors in understanding and addressing substance use behaviors among youth populations. Further research and targeted interventions are necessary to delve deeper into these associations and develop effective prevention and intervention strategies.
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Hinojosa CA, Liew A, An X, Stevens JS, Basu A, van Rooij SJH, House SL, Beaudoin FL, Zeng D, Neylan TC, Clifford GD, Jovanovic T, Linnstaedt SD, Germine LT, Rauch SL, Haran JP, Storrow AB, Lewandowski C, Musey PI, Hendry PL, Sheikh S, Jones CW, Punches BE, Kurz MC, Swor RA, Hudak LA, Pascual JL, Seamon MJ, Datner EM, Chang AM, Pearson C, Peak DA, Merchant RC, Domeier RM, Rathlev NK, Sergot P, Sanchez LD, Bruce SE, Miller MW, Pietrzak RH, Joormann J, Pizzagalli DA, Sheridan JF, Harte SE, Elliott JM, Kessler RC, Koenen KC, McLean SA, Ressler KJ, Fani N. Associations of alcohol and cannabis use with change in posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms over time in recently trauma-exposed individuals. Psychol Med 2024; 54:338-349. [PMID: 37309917 PMCID: PMC10716364 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several hypotheses may explain the association between substance use, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. However, few studies have utilized a large multisite dataset to understand this complex relationship. Our study assessed the relationship between alcohol and cannabis use trajectories and PTSD and depression symptoms across 3 months in recently trauma-exposed civilians. METHODS In total, 1618 (1037 female) participants provided self-report data on past 30-day alcohol and cannabis use and PTSD and depression symptoms during their emergency department (baseline) visit. We reassessed participant's substance use and clinical symptoms 2, 8, and 12 weeks posttrauma. Latent class mixture modeling determined alcohol and cannabis use trajectories in the sample. Changes in PTSD and depression symptoms were assessed across alcohol and cannabis use trajectories via a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS Three trajectory classes (low, high, increasing use) provided the best model fit for alcohol and cannabis use. The low alcohol use class exhibited lower PTSD symptoms at baseline than the high use class; the low cannabis use class exhibited lower PTSD and depression symptoms at baseline than the high and increasing use classes; these symptoms greatly increased at week 8 and declined at week 12. Participants who already use alcohol and cannabis exhibited greater PTSD and depression symptoms at baseline that increased at week 8 with a decrease in symptoms at week 12. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that alcohol and cannabis use trajectories are associated with the intensity of posttrauma psychopathology. These findings could potentially inform the timing of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia A. Hinojosa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amanda Liew
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xinming An
- Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Archana Basu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanne J H. van Rooij
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stacey L. House
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Francesca L. Beaudoin
- Department of Emergency Medicine & Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital and The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas C. Neylan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gari D. Clifford
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sarah D. Linnstaedt
- Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura T. Germine
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- The Many Brains Project, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott L. Rauch
- Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - John P. Haran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alan B. Storrow
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Paul I. Musey
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Phyllis L. Hendry
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine -Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sophia Sheikh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine -Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Brittany E. Punches
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael C. Kurz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert A. Swor
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Lauren A. Hudak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jose L. Pascual
- Department of Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark J. Seamon
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Traumatology, Surgical Critical Care and Emergency Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Datner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anna M. Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jefferson University Hospitals, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Claire Pearson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Ascension St. John Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David A. Peak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roland C. Merchant
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert M. Domeier
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Niels K. Rathlev
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Paulina Sergot
- Department of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leon D. Sanchez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven E. Bruce
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Science Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert H. Pietrzak
- National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jutta Joormann
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diego A. Pizzagalli
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - John F. Sheridan
- Division of Biosciences, Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, OSU Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven E. Harte
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James M. Elliott
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Northern Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
- Physical Therapy & Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ronald C. Kessler
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karestan C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel A. McLean
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Depression and Anxiety, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Negar Fani
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Elam KK, Su J, Kutzner J, Trevino A. Individual Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Within Racially-Ethnically Diverse Youth: Associations with Polygenic Risk for Depression and Substance Use Intent and Perceived Harm. Behav Genet 2024; 54:86-100. [PMID: 38097814 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
There are distinct individual trajectories of depressive symptoms across adolescence which are most often differentiated into low, moderate/stable, and high/increasing groups. Research has found genetic predisposition for depression associated with trajectories characterized by greater depressive symptoms. However, the majority of this research has been conducted in White youth. Moreover, a separate literature indicates that trajectories with elevated depressive symptoms can result in substance use. It is critical to identify depressive symptom trajectories, genetic predictors, and substance use outcomes in diverse samples in early adolescence to understand distinct processes and convey equitable benefits from research. Using data from the Adolescent Cognitive Brain Development Study (ABCD), we examined parent-reported depressive symptom trajectories within Black/African American (AA, n = 1783), White/European American (EA, n = 6179), and Hispanic/Latinx (LX, n = 2410) youth across four annual assessments in early adolescence (age 9-10 to 12-13). We examined racially/ethnically aligned polygenic scores (Dep-PGS) as predictors of trajectories as well as substance use intent and perceived substance use harm as outcomes at age 12-13. Differential trajectories were found in AA, EA, and LX youth but low and high trajectories were represented within each group. In EA youth, greater Dep-PGS were broadly associated with membership in trajectories with greater depressive symptoms. Genetic effects were not significant in AA and LX youth. In AA youth, membership in the low trajectory was associated with greater substance use intent. In EA youth, membership in trajectories with higher depressive symptoms was associated with greater substance use intent and less perceived harm. There were no associations between trajectories and substance use intent and perceived harm in LX youth. These findings indicate that there are distinct depressive symptom trajectories in AA, EA, and LX youth, accompanied by unique associations with genetic predisposition for depressive symptoms and substance use outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit K Elam
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, 1025 E. 7th St., Suite 116, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| | - Jinni Su
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA
| | - Jodi Kutzner
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, 1025 E. 7th St., Suite 116, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Angel Trevino
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA
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Rieselbach MM, Corley RP, Hewitt JK, Rhee SH. Anxiety-specific associations with substance use: Evidence of a protective factor in adolescence and a risk factor in adulthood. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1484-1496. [PMID: 35491700 PMCID: PMC9626393 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Externalizing psychopathology is a strong risk factor for substance use, whereas the role of internalizing manifestations of distress, and anxiety in particular, in predicting substance use remains unclear. Studies have suggested that anxiety may be either a protective or risk factor for substance use. The present study aimed to clarify evidence for anxiety-specific associations with substance use, examining sex and developmental period (adolescence vs. adulthood) as potential moderators that may help explain conflicting results in the literature. In a longitudinal twin sample, cross-sectional associations of anxiety with substance use differed in adolescents and adults and in girls/women and boys/men. Controlling for externalizing psychopathology and depression, anxiety was associated with reduced substance use in adolescent girls and increased substance use in adult women. In contrast, anxiety-specific associations with substance use were not significant in boys and men. Possible explanations for these contrasting results across development and sex are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya M. Rieselbach
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Robin P. Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - John K. Hewitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
| | - Soo Hyun Rhee
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder
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Rabinowitz JA, Reboussin BA, Thrul J, Drabick DAG, Kahn G, Green KM, Ialongo NS, Huhn AS, Maher BS. Early Childhood Behavioral and Academic Antecedents of Lifetime Opioid Misuse among Urban Youth. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2022; 51:864-876. [PMID: 33688771 PMCID: PMC8977050 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2021.1875324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Opioid misuse has become an epidemic in the United States. In the present study, we examine potential malleable early childhood predictors of opioid misuse including whether childhood achievement, aggressive behavior, attention problems, and peer social preference/likability in first grade predicted opioid misuse and whether these relationships differed depending on participant sex. METHOD Data are drawn from three cohorts of participants (N = 1,585; 46.7% male) recruited in first grade as part of a series of elementary school-based, universal preventive interventions conducted in a Mid-Atlantic region of the US. In first grade, participants completed standardized achievement tests, teachers reported on attention problems, and peers nominated their classmates with respect to their aggressive behavior and social preference/likability. At approximately age 20, participants reported on their misuse of opioids defined as lifetime use of heroin or misuse of prescription opioids. RESULTS Higher levels of peer nominations for aggressive behavior in first grade predicted a greater likelihood of opioid misuse. An interaction between participant sex and attention problems was observed such that females higher in attention problems were more likely to misuse opioids, particularly prescription opioids, than females lower in attention problems. An interaction was also found between participant sex and peer likability such that males lower in peer-nominated likability were more likely to misuse opioids relative to males higher in likability. CONCLUSION Given the malleable nature of attention problems, aggression, and social skills in early childhood, prevention programs that target these behaviors during this developmental period may attenuate risk for opioid misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Rabinowitz
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Beth A Reboussin
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine
| | - Johannes Thrul
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | | | - Geoffrey Kahn
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | | | - Nicholas S Ialongo
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Andrew S Huhn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Services, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Brion S Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
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Liu Q, Leng P, Gu Y, Shang X, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Zuo L, Mei G, Xiong C, Wu T, Li H. The dose-effect relationships of cigarette and alcohol consumption with depressive symptoms: a multiple-center, cross-sectional study in 5965 Chinese middle-aged and elderly men. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:657. [PMID: 36284280 PMCID: PMC9594935 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although association of depressive symptoms with cigarette or alcohol is well documented, the dose-response relationship between them is rarely studied. This study aims to evaluate dose-response relationships of cigarette and alcohol consumption with depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and elderly men, providing evidence to guide cigarette and alcohol control. METHODS This multiple-center, cross-sectional study including 5965 Chinese men aged 40-79 years was conducted in 2013-2016 in China. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form. History of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were collected with a structured questionnaire. Prevalence of depressive symptoms was compared depending on cigarette and alcohol consumption. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by binary logistic regression. Interpolation analysis was applied to test dose-effect relationships. RESULTS A parabolic-shaped relationship was observed between cigarette consumption and depressive symptoms. Compared to never smokers, 59.0% (OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.30-1.94) and 29.0% (OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.08-1.54) higher odds of depressive symptoms were observed in men smoking < 10 cigarettes/day and 10-20 cigarettes/day, whereas, similar odds of depressive symptoms among men smoking > 20 cigarettes/day (P = 0.092). An inverted J-shaped relationship was observed between alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms. Compared to never drinkers, a tendency of higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 0.99-1.36) was observed in men drinking < 140 g/week, and similar prevalence was observed in those drinking 140-280 g/week (P = 0.920), whereas, 29.4% (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.57-0.88) lower odds in men drinking > 280 g/week. CONCLUSIONS Associations of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking with depressive symptoms differ with consumption in middle-aged and elderly men. Health-care providers should exercise great caution on depressive symptoms in conducting cigarette and alcohol control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Center for Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000 China ,grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Pei Leng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Center for Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000 China
| | - Yiqun Gu
- grid.453135.50000 0004 1769 3691National Health and Family Planning Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Health, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Andrology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Yuanzhong Zhou
- grid.417409.f0000 0001 0240 6969School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China ,Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, 563000 China
| | - Liandong Zuo
- grid.413428.80000 0004 1757 8466Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Guangan Mei
- Technical Guidance Institute of Shanxi Province Family Planning Commission, Xi’an, 710000 China
| | - Chengliang Xiong
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China ,Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, 563000 China
| | - Tianpeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Honggang Li
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, 563000, China.
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8
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Bondø P, Høye A, Løchen ML, Bramness JG. The relationship between smokeless tobacco (snus) and anxiety and depression among adults and elderly people. A comparison to smoking in the Tromsø Study. Addiction 2022; 117:2695-2706. [PMID: 35603916 PMCID: PMC9544089 DOI: 10.1111/add.15950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To (i) define the characteristics of snus users compared with non-users and smokers and (ii) define the relationship between snus use and self-reported anxiety and depression and compare it with the relation between smoking and anxiety and depression. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study based on data from the Norwegian population-based survey, the Tromsø Study (2015-16). A total of 32 591 people aged 40 years and older in the municipality of Tromsø were invited to attend. There were 21 083 respondents, giving a 65% attendance rate. MEASUREMENTS Tobacco use was assessed by current and previous use of snus or cigarettes. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). FINDINGS Snus users were more often male, were younger and had higher income and higher alcohol consumption than smokers and non-users of snus. In a linear regression analysis, we found no significant association between current snus use and anxiety and depression after adjusting for background variables. However, there was a positive association between previous snus use and anxiety among males [adjusted beta = 0.258; 99% confidence interval (CI) = 0.023-0.492]. Regarding anxiety, the adjusted beta-coefficients for current smoking were 0.425 (99% CI = 0.184-0.666) for females and 0.303 (99% CI = 0.084-0.522) for males. Concerning depression, the adjusted beta coefficients for current smoking were 0.569 (99% CI = 0.358-0.780) for females and 0.281 (99% CI = 0.060-0.503) for males. CONCLUSIONS In Norway, current snus users differ from current smokers by having a higher socio-economic status and no detectable association with anxiety and depression. This suggests that the relationship between tobacco use and anxiety and depression is associated with the administration method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Bondø
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Høye
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maja-Lisa Løchen
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jørgen G Bramness
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Hamar, Norway
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9
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Karamanos A, Stewart K, Harding S, Kelly Y, Lacey R. Adverse childhood experiences and adolescent drug use in the UK: The moderating role of socioeconomic position and ethnicity. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101142. [PMID: 35733836 PMCID: PMC9207135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale There is a paucity of prospective UK studies exploring the role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on adolescent teenage drug use and even less is known about the complex interplay between ACEs and adolescent social, demographic, and economic characteristics. To address these gaps, we use rich longitudinal data from the nationally representative Millennium Cohort Study. Methods Sex-stratified survey logistic regression modelling was applied using data from 9,476 adolescents and their parents to examine associations between ACEs between ages 3 and 14 years and drug use at ages 14 and 17 years. We a) explore the extent to which associations are robust to adjustment for ethnicity, family income, parental social class, and parental education, b) examine whether associations differ by these factors, and c) estimate the proportion of drug use at ages 14 and 17 years attributable to ACEs after controlling for these factors. Results Half of MCS cohort members had been exposed to at least one ACE and approximately 1 in 11 were exposed to 3+ ACEs. Multivariable analyses suggest that ACEs were associated with a higher likelihood of drug use at age 14 than age 17, especially for girls. No evidence was found that either advantaged socio-economic position or ethnicity acted as a buffer against the negative effects of ACEs in relation to adolescent drug use. Finally, we found that prevention of exposure to sexual violence, bullying and violence within the household (if causal) is more important for girls' drug use at age 14 than age 17. Conclusions ACEs are associated with adolescent drug use with potential consequences on wider aspects of young people's lives, regardless of their social, ethnic, or economic background, adding further urgency to the need to reduce the incidence of these negative experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Karamanos
- School of Life Course/ Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - K. Stewart
- Department of Social Policy and Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion (CASE), London School of Economics and Political Science, UK
| | - S. Harding
- School of Life Course/ Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Y. Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - R.E. Lacey
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, UK
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10
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Skipping Breakfast and Incidence of Frequent Alcohol Drinking in University Students in Japan: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132657. [PMID: 35807842 PMCID: PMC9267987 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequency of alcohol drinking is a potential predictor of binge drinking of alcohol, a serious social problem for university students. Although previous studies have identified skipping breakfast as a predictor of various health-compromising behaviors and cardiometabolic diseases, few studies have assessed the association between skipping breakfast and the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking. This retrospective cohort study included 17,380 male and 8799 female university students aged 18–22 years admitted to Osaka universities between 2004 and 2015. The association between breakfast frequency (eating every day, skipping occasionally, and skipping often/usually) and the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking, defined as drinking ≥4 days/week, was assessed using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. During the median observational period of 3.0 years, 878 (5.1%) men and 190 (2.2%) women engaged in frequent alcohol drinking. Skipping breakfast was significantly associated with the incidence of frequent alcohol drinking (adjusted hazard ratios [95% confidence interval] of eating every day, skipping occasionally, and skipping often/usually: 1.00 [reference], 1.02 [0.84–1.25], and 1.48 [1.17–1.88] in men; 1.00 [reference], 1.60 [1.03–2.49], and 3.14 [1.88–5.24] in women, respectively). University students who skipped breakfast were at a higher risk of frequent alcohol drinking than those who ate breakfast every day.
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11
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Parsegian A, García-Fuster MJ, Hebda-Bauer E, Watson SJ, Flagel SB, Akil H. Adolescent cocaine differentially impacts psychomotor sensitization and epigenetic profiles in adult male rats with divergent affective phenotypes. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1024617. [PMID: 36311521 PMCID: PMC9599748 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1024617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent drug use reliably predicts increased addiction liability in adulthood, but not all individuals are equally impacted. To explore the biological bases of this differential reactivity to early life drug experience, we used a genetic rat model of temperament and evaluated the impact of adolescent cocaine exposure on adult psychomotor sensitization. Relative to adult bred low-responder (bLR) rats, bred high-responders (bHR) are more sensitive to the psychomotor-activating effects of cocaine and reinstate drug-seeking behavior more readily following prolonged cocaine exposure and/or abstinence. We found that a 7-day sensitizing cocaine regimen (15 mg/kg/day) during either adolescence or adulthood produced psychomotor sensitization in bHRs only, while a dual cocaine exposure prevented further sensitization, suggesting limits on neuroplasticity. By contrast, adolescent cocaine in bLRs shifted their resilient phenotype, rendering them more responsive to cocaine in adulthood following adolescent cocaine. To begin to explore the neural correlates of these behavioral phenotypes, we assessed two functionally opposite epigenetic chromatin modifications implicated in addiction liability, permissive acetylation (ac) and repressive tri-methylation (me3) on Histone 3 Lysine 9 (H3K9), in four striatal sub-regions. In bHRs, decreased H3K9me3 and increased acH3K9 in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core associated with cocaine sensitization. In bLRs, the combination of cocaine exposure in adolescence and adulthood, which lead to an increased response to a cocaine challenge, also increased acH3K9 in the core. Thus, adolescent cocaine experience interacts with genetic background to elicit different behavioral profiles relevant to addiction in adulthood, with concurrent modifications in the epigenetic histone profiles in the NAc that associate with cocaine sensitization and with metaplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Parsegian
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - M Julia García-Fuster
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.,Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Elaine Hebda-Bauer
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stanley J Watson
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shelly B Flagel
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Huda Akil
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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12
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Köck P, Meyer M, Elsner J, Dürsteler KM, Vogel M, Walter M. Co-occurring Mental Disorders in Transitional Aged Youth With Substance Use Disorders - A Narrative Review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:827658. [PMID: 35280170 PMCID: PMC8907594 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.827658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence and emerging adulthood are often referred to as youth. Transitional psychiatry addresses this target group, which considers patients between 15 and 25 years of age. Substance use usually begins and peaks at this stage of life. Psychiatric disorders, foremost attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and affective disorders, conduct disorders, and first-episodes psychosis frequently appear in early life stages. This review aims to provide a broad overview of transitional-aged youth's most common psychiatric comorbidities with substance use disorders. A literature search was conducted in Embase and Pubmed, and the main findings are described narratively. We present main findings for the following comorbidities: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, personality disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, and the phenomena of overdose and suicidality. In conclusion, co-occurring mental health disorders are common and appear to facilitate the development of substance use disorders and exacerbate their overall course. Substance use also affects the severity and course of comorbid psychiatric disorders. Overall, data on transition-age youth with substance use disorders are highly inconsistent. Universal screening and treatment guidelines do not yet exist but should be aimed for in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Köck
- Department of Addictive Disorders, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Meyer
- Department of Addictive Disorders, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julie Elsner
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Clinic for Children and Adolescents, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenneth M Dürsteler
- Department of Addictive Disorders, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Vogel
- Department of Addictive Disorders, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Substance Use Disorders, Psychiatric Clinic, Psychiatric Services of Thurgovia, Münsterlingen, Switzerland
| | - Marc Walter
- Department of Addictive Disorders, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Services Aargau, Windisch, Switzerland
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13
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Ihongbe TO, Olayinka PO, Curry S. Association Between Bully Victimization and Vaping Among Texas High School Students. Am J Prev Med 2021; 61:910-918. [PMID: 34456103 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bullying and vaping among adolescents in Texas is a major public health concern. Bully victimization has been associated with substance use in adolescents; however, research examining the association between bully victimization and vaping in adolescents is sparse. This study aims to examine the independent association between bully victimization and vaping among Texas high school students. METHODS Pooled data from the 2017 and 2019 Texas Youth Risk Behavior Survey (N=3,486) were analyzed in July 2020. Past-year bully victimization was categorized into 4 mutually exclusive groups: no bully victimization, school bully victimization only, cyberbully victimization only, and both school bully and cyberbully victimization. Current vape use was measured as a binary variable. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association. RESULTS In the total sample, the past-year prevalence of school bully victimization only, cyberbully victimization only, and both school bully and cyberbully victimization was 8.3%, 4.6%, and 7.7%, respectively. Approximately 1 in 7 students (14.5%) reported vaping during the past 30 days. Female students who experienced both school bullying and cyberbullying had 68% greater odds of vaping than female students who did not experience bullying (AOR=1.68, 95% CI=1.02, 3.41). Bully victimization was not significantly associated with vaping in male students. CONCLUSIONS Female Texas high school students who are victims of both school bullying and cyberbullying have a greater likelihood of vaping. Healthcare providers, school counselors, and educators should be aware of the association and sex differences that exist while developing intervention programs to address bullying and vaping in high school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy O Ihongbe
- Center for Health Statistics, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas.
| | - Precious O Olayinka
- Faculty of Basic Medical and Applied Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Stephani Curry
- Center for Health Statistics, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas
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14
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Watten RG, Watten VP. Snus and Alcohol: Mutually Rewarding Effects in the Brain? A Matched Controlled Population Study. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2021; 15:11782218211027124. [PMID: 34366668 PMCID: PMC8317241 DOI: 10.1177/11782218211027124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: The use of moist smokeless tobacco (snus) is increasing in the U.S. and other Western countries, and especially among young people. Snus is associated with several health problems, but the relationship between use of snus and alcohol is scarcely explored. Neuro-cognitive and psychological research suggest an association due to possible mutually rewarding effects in the limbic brain. We investigated this issue in a matched controlled population study. Methods: Matched control group design where drinking habits and alcohol consumption in a group of users of snus (n = 1043, mean age = 35.20; n men = 749, n women = 294) were compared to a control group of non-users matched on age and gender (n = 1043, mean age = 35.65; n men = 749, n women = 294). In addition, we registered background variables such as level of education, income, self-perceived general, dental health, mental health, current depressive symptoms, and BMI. In estimation of alcohol consumption, the background variables were used as covariates in factorial analyses of variance (ANCOVA). Results: Users of snus had lower level of education, lower income, poorer general, dental, and mental health status than non-users, but there were no differences in BMI. Differences in mental health status were related to drinking habits. Users of snus had a higher frequency of drinking, higher frequency of intoxication, and showed more excess drinking. Controlled for background variables users of snus had a 25.2% higher estimated yearly consumption of alcohol in terms of standard units of alcohol on the weekdays, 26.4% higher on weekends and a 60.2% higher yearly excess consumption. Conclusion: Users of snus had an elevated alcohol consumption and another drinking style than non-users. The findings are discussed according to neuro-cognitive and psychopharmacological mechanisms, reward learning and conditioning. The results have implications for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of alcohol and nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reidulf G Watten
- Department of Psychology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, INN University, Norway
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15
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Bares CB, Silberg J, Kendler KS, Maes HH. Common Liabilities in Internalizing Symptoms and Cigarette Use in Adolescence. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:1248-1253. [PMID: 33241318 PMCID: PMC8186420 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Substance use and mood disorders account for about 10% of the global burden of disease and, among adolescents, are a significant source of disability. The present study examined whether additive genetic or shared environmental factors influenced the covariance of internalizing symptoms and cigarette use during adolescence when both of these problems begin to increase. AIMS AND METHODS We used data (n = 1230 pairs of twins) from the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development (mean age = 15.3) to decompose the variance of internalizing symptoms, cigarette initiation, and quantity of cigarettes smoked in a variance decomposition model that included a beta coefficient to allow for estimates of cigarette initiation to influence quantity of cigarettes smoked. RESULTS In biometric models we were able to equate all parameter estimates by sex. After identifying the best fitting model, parameter estimates were calculated and the significance of overlapping paths between internalizing symptoms and cigarette initiation were tested. After accounting for the genetic architecture of cigarette initiation and quantity smoked, the covariance between internalizing symptoms and cigarette use was accounted for by sex-specific shared and unique environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS Among adolescents, the overlap in risk factors between internalizing symptoms and cigarette use is because of non-genetic, environmental factors. Further exploration of the environmental sources of variance involved in the onset of adolescents internalizing symptoms and cigarette use is warranted. IMPLICATIONS We find that during adolescence common environmental factors influence the association between internalizing symptoms and cigarette use. Correlated vulnerabilities because of environmental sources between internalizing and cigarette use may be open to intervention and likely will influence the progression of internalizing and cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judy Silberg
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Hermine H Maes
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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16
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Virtanen S, Kuja-Halkola R, Lundström S, D'Onofrio BM, Larsson H, Suvisaari J, Mataix-Cols D, Lichtenstein P, Latvala A. Longitudinal Associations of Childhood Internalizing Psychopathology With Substance Misuse: A Register-Based Twin and Sibling Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 60:593-603. [PMID: 32621868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathways from internalizing psychopathology to substance misuse remain largely unclear. We estimated associations between childhood internalizing problems and subsequent substance misuse in 2 family-based samples. We also investigated sex differences and the role of externalizing comorbidity. METHOD We studied associations of childhood internalizing psychopathology with register-based substance misuse after age 13 years. Sample 1 included all individuals born in Sweden from 1984 to 2000 (N = 1,768,516). Depressive and anxiety disorders were included as register-based International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision (ICD-9) or Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnoses before age 13. Sample 2 was a subsample within the population sample, the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) twin cohort (n = 12,408; born 1992-1998), with mood and anxiety problems assessed at age 9/12 by parents. In both samples, substance misuse was defined as an ICD-9/10 alcohol/drug use disorder or an alcohol/drug-related criminal conviction until December 2013. To account for familial effects, stratified analyses were conducted within siblings and twin pairs. RESULTS In the population sample, both depressive (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.75, 95% CI = 2.36-3.20) and anxiety disorders (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.35-1.73) were associated with substance misuse. Childhood mood problems (HR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.69-3.08) were associated with substance misuse in the CATSS sample. The associations were partially explained by familial factors, and comorbid externalizing disorders explained the associations in men but not in women. CONCLUSION Childhood mood problems were associated with substance misuse, but familial factors shared by siblings partially explained the associations. The relationship of anxiety with substance misuse was complex and depended on measurement and the type of anxiety disorder. Internalizing problems may be especially important for substance misuse risk in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Virtanen
- Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy, University of Helsinki, Finland; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | - Brian M D'Onofrio
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Indiana University, Bloomington
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Antti Latvala
- Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy, University of Helsinki, Finland; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Liskola J, Haravuori H, Lindberg N, Kiviruusu O, Niemelä S, Karlsson L, Marttunen M. The predictive capacity of AUDIT and AUDIT-C among adolescents in a one-year follow-up study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 218:108424. [PMID: 33257195 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) has been validated for use with adolescents to screen their harmful alcohol consumption. How well AUDIT or its derivative consumption version AUDIT-C predicts the development of problematic alcohol use among adolescents remains unknown. The aim of our study was to examine the predictive capacity of AUDIT and AUDIT-C among adolescents in a one-year follow-up. METHODS Finnish adolescents (N = 337) were examined at baseline with AUDIT and one year later with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children - Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) interview to assess alcohol problem use. Test characteristics and regression models were analyzed in predicting alcohol problem use. RESULTS The sensitivity of AUDIT (cut-off ≥5) was 0.809 and specificity 0.621 in predicting alcohol problem use among adolescents one year later. The positive test posterior probability was 0.51. For those who screened negative at baseline, the positive test posterior probability was 0.13. With AUDIT-C (cut-off ≥3), the posterior probabilities were 0.47 and 0.12, respectively (sensitivity 0.855, specificity 0.529). The odds ratio was 6.95 for those screening positive with AUDIT and 6.59 with AUDIT-C at baseline to have alcohol problem use one year later. CONCLUSIONS AUDIT has utility in screening youth at risk for developing alcohol problem use. It has significant predictive capacity in detecting risk especially among adolescents with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni Liskola
- Forensic Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki and Tuusula, Finland.
| | - Henna Haravuori
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Lindberg
- Forensic Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki and Tuusula, Finland
| | - Olli Kiviruusu
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Solja Niemelä
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland
| | - Mauri Marttunen
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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18
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King KM, Feil MC, Halvorson MA, Kosterman R, Bailey JA, Hawkins JD. A trait-like propensity to experience internalizing symptoms is associated with problem alcohol involvement across adulthood, but not adolescence. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2020; 34:756-771. [PMID: 32391702 PMCID: PMC7655636 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There are stable between-person differences in an internalizing "trait," or the propensity to experience symptoms of internalizing disorders, such as social anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression. Trait internalizing may serve as a marker of heightened risk for problem alcohol outcomes (such as heavier drinking, binge drinking, or alcohol dependence). However, prior research on the association between internalizing symptoms and alcohol outcomes has been largely mixed in adolescence, with more consistent support for an association during adulthood. It may be that trait internalizing is only associated with problem alcohol outcomes in adulthood, after individuals have gained experience with alcohol. Some evidence suggested that these effects may be stronger for women than men. We used data from a community sample (n = 790) interviewed during adolescence (ages 14-16) and again at ages 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, and 39. Using generalized estimating equations, we tested the association between trait internalizing and alcohol outcomes during both adolescence and adulthood, and tested whether adult trait internalizing mediated the association between adolescent trait internalizing and adult alcohol outcomes. Trait internalizing in adulthood (but not adolescence) was associated with more frequent alcohol use, binge drinking and symptoms of alcohol use disorders, and mediated the effects of adolescent trait internalizing on alcohol outcomes. We observed no moderation by gender or change in these associations over time. Understanding the developmental pathways of trait internalizing may provide further insights into preventing the emergence of problem alcohol use behavior during adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rick Kosterman
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington
| | - Jennifer A. Bailey
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington
| | - J. David Hawkins
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington
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19
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Pape H, Rossow I. Less adolescent alcohol and cannabis use: More deviant user groups? Drug Alcohol Rev 2020; 40:118-125. [PMID: 32808718 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Adolescent drinking and cannabis use in Norway declined in the 2000s, and we tested the assumption that psychosocial problems were more strongly related to substance use when the prevalence was quite low (2012/2013) than when it was considerably higher (2002). DESIGN AND METHODS Data stemmed from school surveys of almost 20 000 students aged 14-17 years in 2002 and 2012/2013 in the four largest cities in Norway. We assessed how various deviant behaviours and depressive mood were related to past-year measures on any alcohol intoxication, frequent intoxication (6+ times) and any cannabis use, and tested whether the associations varied significantly by survey year. RESULTS The prevalence of any intoxication episodes dropped markedly from 2002 (50%) to 2012/2013 (28%), as did the prevalence of frequent intoxication (29% vs. 10%) and any cannabis use (15% vs. 7%). Deviant behaviours and depressive mood were either more closely related to the drinking outcomes in 2012/2013 than in 2002, or the associations showed no temporal change. None of the associations with cannabis use varied significantly by survey year. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The assumption that psychosocial problems correlated more strongly with alcohol and cannabis use in a low-prevalence period (2012/2013) as compared to a high-prevalence period (2002) was partly supported, but only with respect to drinking. The strength of the associations with cannabis use was stable, which may reflect that the proportion reporting any use of the drug was low even in the relatively 'high-prevalence' period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Pape
- The Research Department, University College of Norwegian Correctional Service, Lillestrøm, Norway.,Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Rossow
- Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Li J, Wang H, Li M, Shen Q, Li X, Zhang Y, Peng J, Rong X, Peng Y. Effect of alcohol use disorders and alcohol intake on the risk of subsequent depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Addiction 2020; 115:1224-1243. [PMID: 31837230 DOI: 10.1111/add.14935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol use disorders (AUD) are often comorbid with depressive symptoms. Cohort studies on the association between AUD and subsequent depressive symptoms have produced inconsistent results. Moreover, regarding alcohol intake, the risk of developing depressive symptoms might vary with alcohol intake level. We aimed to investigate the association between AUD, alcohol intake and subsequent depressive symptoms. DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO for cohort studies on the association between AUD or alcohol intake and subsequent depressive symptoms. PARTICIPANTS We included 338 426 participants from 42 studies. Six and four studies analyzed only females and males, respectively. MEASUREMENTS We combined risk estimates for developing depressive symptoms using a random-effects model. We divided alcohol intake into abstinence, light (0-84 g/week), moderate (85-168 g/week) and heavy drinking (> 168 g/week or > 48 g/day at least weekly). We conducted a categorical analysis to compare the risk of depressive symptoms between abstinence and different intake categories. Further, we conducted a dose-response analysis to investigate the alcohol-depression association. FINDINGS We analyzed 42 studies (follow-up time: 1-40 years). AUD was associated with significantly increased risk of subsequent depressive symptoms [relative risk (RR) = 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.41-1.76]. Regarding alcohol intake, heavy drinking had an increased risk of depressive symptoms; however, the association was only significant when controls were limited to non-heavy drinkers (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.05-1.22). Taking into consideration the possibility of publication bias and confounding factors made the association non-significant. We observed J-shaped associations in both categorical and dose-response analyses where light-moderate drinking had a significantly decreased risk of depression, while heavy drinking did not show a significant association with depressive symptoms compared with non-drinkers. CONCLUSION Alcohol use disorders are associated with increased the risk of subsequent depressive symptoms. Heavy drinking does not significantly predict occurrence of depressive symptoms after adjusting for potential confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hongxuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qingyu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiangpen Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yuanpei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jialing Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaoming Rong
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumour Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
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21
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Wu WC, Hsieh HF, Chang HY, Lin HC, Buu A. Aggressive-Depressive Trajectories in Childhood and Their Associations with Drinking Behaviors and Problems in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:1897-1912. [PMID: 32323094 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01242-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Research indicates that externalizing and internalizing pathways emanated in childhood are connected to later drinking behaviors; however, no study has investigated the contemporaneous effects of the two pathways using a person-centered approach that categorizes individuals based on their various developmental patterns. This study examined the distinct patterns of concurrent development of aggression and depressive symptoms in childhood and their associations with later drinking behaviors using data from a 15-year Taiwanese cohort since age 8 (N = 2854, 49% females). Group-based multi-trajectory modeling identified four aggressive-depressive trajectory groups: Moderate, Aggressive, Depressive, and Comorbid, which manifested a sequential risk gradient in alcohol use. Comorbid group, characterized by persistently high levels of aggression and depressive symptoms, has the highest levels of alcohol use and drinking problems and the earliest onset of drinking. Aggressive and Depressive groups have higher levels of alcohol use and earlier onset of drinking than Moderate group. These findings imply the importance of monitoring aggression and depressive symptoms simultaneously and continually in childhood to prevent later drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Wu
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fang Hsieh
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hsing-Yi Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miao-li, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
| | - Anne Buu
- Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
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22
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Hogarth L. Addiction is driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect: translational critique of habit and compulsion theory. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:720-735. [PMID: 31905368 PMCID: PMC7265389 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug addiction may be a goal-directed choice driven by excessive drug value in negative affective states, a habit driven by strong stimulus-response associations, or a compulsion driven by insensitivity to costs imposed on drug seeking. Laboratory animal and human evidence for these three theories is evaluated. Excessive goal theory is supported by dependence severity being associated with greater drug choice/economic demand. Drug choice is demonstrably goal-directed (driven by the expected value of the drug) and can be augmented by stress/negative mood induction and withdrawal-effects amplified in those with psychiatric symptoms and drug use coping motives. Furthermore, psychiatric symptoms confer risk of dependence, and coping motives mediate this risk. Habit theory of addiction has weaker support. Habitual behaviour seen in drug-exposed animals often does not occur in complex decision scenarios, or where responding is rewarded, so habit is unlikely to explain most human addictive behaviour where these conditions apply. Furthermore, most human studies have not found greater propensity to habitual behaviour in drug users or as a function of dependence severity, and the minority that have can be explained by task disengagement producing impaired explicit contingency knowledge. Compulsion theory of addiction also has weak support. The persistence of punished drug seeking in animals is better explained by greater drug value (evinced by the association with economic demand) than by insensitivity to costs. Furthermore, human studies have provided weak evidence that propensity to discount cost imposed on drug seeking is associated with dependence severity. These data suggest that human addiction is primarily driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect, and less by habit or compulsion. Addiction is pathological because negative states powerfully increase expected drug value acutely outweighing abstinence goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK.
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23
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Shuai R, Bakou AE, Hardy L, Hogarth L. Ultra-brief breath counting (mindfulness) training promotes recovery from stress-induced alcohol-seeking in student drinkers. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106141. [PMID: 31704429 PMCID: PMC6959458 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of mindfulness interventions on problematic drinking is thought to be driven by increased resilience to the impact of stress on negative mood and alcohol-seeking behaviour, but this claim needs empirical support. To address this hypothesis, the current study tested whether brief training of one component of mindfulness - breath counting - would reduce drinkers' sensitivity to the effect of noise stress on subjective mood and alcohol-seeking behaviour. Baseline alcohol-seeking was measured by choice to view alcohol versus food thumbnail pictures in 192 student drinkers. Participants then received a 6-minute audio file which either trained breath counting or recited a popular science extract, in separate groups. All participants were then stressed by a loud industrial noise and alcohol-seeking was measured again simultaneously to quantify the change from baseline. Subjective mood was measured after all three stages (baseline, post intervention, post stress test). The breath counting group were instructed to deploy this technique during the stress test. Results showed that the breath counting versus control intervention improved subjective mood relative to baseline, attenuated the worsening of subjective mood produced by stress induction, and accelerated recovery from a stress induced increase in alcohol-seeking behaviour. Exploratory moderation analysis showed that this accelerated recovery from stress induced alcohol-seeking by breath counting was weaker in more alcohol dependent participants. Mindfulness therapies may improve problematic drinking by increasing resilience to stress induced negative mood and alcohol-seeking, as observed in this study. The weaker therapeutic effect of breath counting in more dependent drinkers may reveal limitations to this intervention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichong Shuai
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Alexandra Elissavet Bakou
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Lorna Hardy
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - Lee Hogarth
- School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK.
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24
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Liu S, Oshri A, Duprey EB. Heart Rate Variability Reactivity Moderates the Indirect Link Between Child Maltreatment and Young Adult Alcohol Use Problems Via Depressive Symptoms. Am J Addict 2020; 29:141-150. [PMID: 32052526 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.13004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Young adults with childhood maltreatment (CM) histories are particularly vulnerable to depressive symptoms and alcohol use problems. Research suggests that maltreated youth may misuse alcohol in part to alleviate depressive symptoms. However, many youths with depressive symptoms exercise self-control and abstain from heavy alcohol use. The present study aimed to examine the influence of heart rate variability reactivity (HRV-R), a psychophysiological biomarker of self-regulation, in the indirect link between CM and alcohol-use problems via depressive symptoms among low socioeconomic-status rural young adults. METHODS Two waves of data were collected from a community sample of 225 low socioeconomic-status nonmetropolitan young adults (Mage = 21.56, 52.9% female). HRV data were obtained with an electrocardiogram during a social stress task. CM was assessed through the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Alcohol use problems were measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. RESULTS The indirect effect of CM on alcohol use problems via elevated depressive symptoms was positive and significant (α × β = .159, P < .001). Self-regulation, indicated by high HRV-R (ie, vagal withdrawal), was found to significantly buffer the link between depressive symptoms and alcohol use problems (β = .193, P = .022). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Adequate self-regulation capacities can protect maltreated youths from self-medicating alcohol use problems. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE This study will advance researchers' understanding of the development of alcohol use problems through unwrapping the risk and protective mechanisms underlying the association between young adults' early life stress and alcohol use behaviors. (Am J Addict 2020;29:141-150).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihong Liu
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Youth Development Institute, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Youth Development Institute, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Integrated Life Science Neuroscience Program, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Erinn B Duprey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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25
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Keyes KM, Allel K, Staudinger UM, Ornstein KA, Calvo E. Alcohol consumption predicts incidence of depressive episodes across 10 years among older adults in 19 countries. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 148:1-38. [PMID: 31733662 PMCID: PMC7362478 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is increasing in many countries, and excessive alcohol consumption is particularly increasing among older adults. Excessive alcohol consumption causes morbidity and mortality, especially among older adults, including an increased risk of depressive episodes. We review the mechanisms through which alcohol consumption may affect depression, and argue that the effects of alcohol consumption on depressive episodes among older adults are understudied. We harmonized data among older adults (≥50 years) on alcohol consumption, depressive episodes, and an array of risk factors across 10 years and 19 countries (N=57,276). Alcohol consumption was categorized as current or long-term abstainer, occasional, moderate and heavy drinking at an average of 2.3 follow-up time points. Depressive episodes were measured through the CES-D or EURO-D. Multi-level Cox proportional frailty models in which the random effect has a multiplicative relationship to hazard were estimated with controls for co-occurring medical conditions, health behaviors, and demographics. Long-term alcohol abstainers had a higher hazard of depressive episodes (HR=1.14, 95% C.I. 1.08-1.21), as did those reporting occasional (HR=1.16, 95% C.I. 1.10-1.21) and heavy drinking (HR=1.22, 95% C.I. 1.13-1.30), compared with moderate drinking. Hazard ratios were attenuated in frailty models; heavy drinking, however, remained robustly associated in a random-effects model with a frailty component (HR=1.16, 95% C.I. 1.11-1.21). Interactions were observed by gender and smoking status: long-term abstainers, women's, and smokers' (HR for interaction, 1.04, 95% C.I. 1.00-1.07) hazards of depressive episodes increased more than what would be expected based on their multiplicative effects, when compared to moderate drinking, non-smoking men. Excessive alcohol consumption among older adults is a concern not only for physical, but also for mental health. Physician efforts to screen older adults for excessive alcohol use is critical for mental health to remain strong in aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Society and Health Research Center, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Kasim Allel
- Society and Health Research Center, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for the Study of the Life Course and Vulnerability (MLIV), Santiago, Chile
| | - Ursula M Staudinger
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Katherine A Ornstein
- Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Esteban Calvo
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Society and Health Research Center, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
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26
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The longitudinal relationship of alcohol problems and depressive symptoms and the impact of externalising symptoms: findings from the Belfast Youth Developmental Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54:1231-1241. [PMID: 30903238 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to contribute to the inconsistent literature on the comorbid relationship of alcohol problems and depressive symptoms from late adolescent to emerging adulthood by accounting for their trajectories and their conjoint relationship while controlling for the influence of externalising symptoms. METHODS We utilised data, from a longitudinal school cohort from Northern Ireland (Belfast Youth Developmental Study), over three time points where the participants were 16, 17 and 21 years of age. A total of 3118 participants were included, 1713 females and 1405 males. Second-order latent growth models were applied to examine growth trajectories. Parallel process growth models were used to assess whether growth trajectories of the symptoms were associated. Externalising symptoms were subsequently added as a covariate. RESULTS Alcohol problems among males significantly increased over time but decreased in females. Depressive symptoms initially increased then decreased in both genders. Results indicated associations of the alcohol problems and depression, both initially and with time. Accounting for externalising symptoms only somewhat diminished this effect in males but not in females. An increase of initial levels of depression was associated with a decrease in alcohol problems over time. This association was only true among females. After controlling for externalising symptoms, the relationship was no longer observed. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides further evidence of a significant relationship of alcohol problems and depression in adolescents and further supports a small literature indicating that depression may have protective effects of alcohol problems. Finally, the study shows the importance of accounting for externalising symptoms.
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27
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Hall WJ, Rosado BR, Chapman MV. Findings from a Feasibility Study of an Adapted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Group Intervention to Reduce Depression among LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, or Queer) Young People. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E949. [PMID: 31261975 PMCID: PMC6678853 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8070949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression disproportionately affects LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer) adolescents and young adults. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment approach; however, there has been limited work to adapt and evaluate CBT with LGBTQ young people. This study examined the feasibility of an intervention called Being Out With Strength (BOWS), which is an 8-session, small-group, CBT-based intervention to reduce depression among LGBTQ young people. We used a descriptive cross-sectional mixed-methods feasibility study design to evaluate the feasibility of BOWS. Survey data were collected from 79 LGBTQ young adults, and interview data were collected from nine mental health professionals. Almost half of the young adults had clinically significant depressive symptoms. All providers indicated depression as a problem facing this population and a need for BOWS. Two-thirds of young people were interested in participating in BOWS. Providers believed that BOWS would be acceptable for LGBTQ-identified individuals, those in late adolescence or early/young adulthood, and those with mild or moderate depression. Youth and providers also made implementation recommendations concerning settings to implement BOWS, times of day for BOWS sessions, number of sessions, group size, and facilitator composition. There is a demand for BOWS, and it is likely acceptable for the target population. Study findings can be used in the future to successfully implement BOWS and evaluate preliminary efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Hall
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3550, USA.
| | - Benjamin Ruiz Rosado
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3550, USA
| | - Mimi V Chapman
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3550, USA
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28
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Rosenthal SR, Clark MA, Marshall BDL, Buka SL, Carey KB, Shepardson RL, Carey MP. Alcohol consequences, not quantity, predict major depression onset among first-year female college students. Addict Behav 2018; 85:70-76. [PMID: 29860191 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use and its consequences have often been associated with depression, particularly among female college students. Interpretation of this association has been challenging due to potential reverse causation. The current study sought to clarify the temporality of these relationships. We examined: (1) the association between alcohol consumption and onset depression among female college students, and (2) the association between drinking consequences and onset depression among drinkers only. We used a prospective longitudinal design. Participants were first-year female college students who completed a baseline survey at study entry, and monthly assessments of alcohol consumption, drinking consequences, and depression symptoms. Cox proportional hazards regression with time-varying covariates were constructed among the full sample (N = 412) and the drinkers only sample (N = 335). Adjusted hazard ratios accounted for known risk factors for depression such as race/ethnicity, academic challenge, not getting along with one's roommate, sexual victimization prior to college, marijuana use, and socioeconomic status. For each additional average drink per week, adjusting for all covariates, there was no (95% CI: -4%, +4%) increased risk of onset depression. For each additional alcohol consequence, adjusting for all covariates, there was a 19% (95% CI: 5%, 34%) increased risk of onset depression. This significant relationship remained after adjusting for quantity of alcohol consumption. Quantity of alcohol consumed did not predict incident depression. However, experiencing alcohol consequences, regardless of consumption, did increase the risk of incident depression. College substance use and mental health interventions should aim to reduce not only alcohol consumption, but also alcohol-related consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Rosenthal
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main Street, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912, United States; Department of Health Science, College of Health & Wellness, Johnson & Wales University, United States.
| | - Melissa A Clark
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main Street, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912, United States; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, United States
| | - Brandon D L Marshall
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main Street, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Stephen L Buka
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main Street, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Kate B Carey
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, United States
| | - Robyn L Shepardson
- Center for Integrated Healthcare, Syracuse Veterans Administration Medical Center, United States
| | - Michael P Carey
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, United States; Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, United States
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29
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The neurobiology of addiction. A vulnerability/resilience perspective. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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30
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Liskola J, Haravuori H, Lindberg N, Niemelä S, Karlsson L, Kiviruusu O, Marttunen M. AUDIT and AUDIT-C as screening instruments for alcohol problem use in adolescents. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 188:266-273. [PMID: 29803033 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is commonly used in adults to screen for harmful alcohol consumption but few studies exist on its use among adolescents. Our aim was to validate the AUDIT and its derivative consumption questionnaire (AUDIT-C) as screening instruments for the detection of problem use of alcohol in adolescents. METHODS 621 adolescents (age-range, 12-19 years) were drawn from clinical and population samples who completed the AUDIT questionnaire. Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed using K-SADS-PL. A rating based on the K-SADS-PL was used to assess alcohol use habits, alcohol use disorders, screening and symptom criteria questions. Screening performance of the AUDIT and AUDIT-C sum scores and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated. The diagnostic odds ratios (dOR) were calculated to express the overall discrimination between cut-offs. RESULTS Comparisons of ROC between the AUDIT and AUDIT-C pairs indicated a slightly better test performance by AUDIT for the whole sample and in a proportion of the subsamples. Optimal cut-off value for the AUDIT was ≥5 (sensitivity 0.931, specificity 0.772, dOR 45.22; 95% CI: 24.72-83.57) for detecting alcohol problem use. The corresponding optimal cut-off value for the AUDIT-C was ≥3 in detecting alcohol problem use (sensitivity 0.952, specificity 0.663, dOR 39.31; 95% CI: 19.46-78.97). Agreement between the AUDIT and AUDIT-C using these cut-off scores was high at 91.9%. CONCLUSIONS Our results for the cut-off scores for the early detection of alcohol problem use in adolescents are ≥5 for AUDIT, and ≥3 for AUDIT-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni Liskola
- Forensic Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Välskärinkatu 8, 00260, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mental Health Unit, Mannerheimintie 160, 00300, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Henna Haravuori
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mental Health Unit, Mannerheimintie 160, 00300, Helsinki, Finland; Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Välskärinkatu 12, 00260, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Lindberg
- Forensic Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Välskärinkatu 8, 00260, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Solja Niemelä
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, PL 8000, Oulu, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Lapland Hospital District, Totontie 9, 97140, Muurala, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Kiviruusu
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mental Health Unit, Mannerheimintie 160, 00300, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mauri Marttunen
- Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Välskärinkatu 12, 00260, Helsinki, Finland
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31
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Salokangas RKR, From T, Luutonen S, Salokangas HRW, Hietala J. Effect of childhood adversities on alcohol problems is mainly mediated by depression. Am J Addict 2018; 27:391-399. [PMID: 29766600 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We aimed to study how five childhood adversities and trauma (CAT) core domains: emotional abuse (EmoAb), physical abuse (PhyAb), sexual abuse (SexAb), emotional neglect (EmoNeg), physical neglect (PhyNeg), associate with alcohol problems (APs), and whether there are any gender differences in these associations. METHODS Altogether, 690 adult participants drawn from the general population completed a mailed questionnaire, including the trauma and distress scale, as an indicator of CAT, and questions concerning sociodemographic background, depressive symptoms, and APs. RESULTS In univariate analyses, male gender, middle age, divorced/separated marital status and lower education, frequency of use of alcohol, previous treatment for mental problems, as well as depressive symptoms and CAT domain scores were associated with APs. Of the CAT domains, females reported more EmoAb and SexAb than males, but there was no gender difference in other CAT domains and depressive symptoms. In multivariate analyses, when the effects of background characteristics were controlled, CAT sum and all its domains had indirect effects via depressive symptoms on APs with no significant direct effect except in females, in whom PhyAb and SexAb associated directly with APs even when the effects of other CAT domains were taken into account. CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE All CAT domains associate extensively with APs. Generally, their effect on APs is mainly mediated via depressive symptoms. In females, PhyAb and SexAb also have a considerable direct effect on APs. In treating individuals with CAT experiences and alcohol problems, treatment of depression is also important. (Am J Addict 2018;XX:1-9).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiina From
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sinikka Luutonen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Henri R W Salokangas
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Economics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Hietala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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An examination of heavy drinking, depressed mood, drinking related constructs, and consequences among high-risk college students using a person-centered approach. Addict Behav 2018; 78:22-29. [PMID: 29121529 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research has identified college students who experience depressed mood and consume alcohol are at an increased risk for experiencing alcohol problems. The present study identified profiles of differential alcohol use, depression, key psychosocial indicators of drinking (e.g., normative perceptions) and examined the relationship between these profiles and alcohol-related consequences. METHOD Students with a history of risky drinking and elevated depressed mood (n=311; 62.4% female) completed a web-based survey assessing typical and peak drinking, depressive symptoms, descriptive norms, drinking to cope motives, protective behavioral strategies, and alcohol-related consequences. RESULTS Latent profile analysis was used to classify participants into distinct profiles focusing on alcohol use patterns and level of depressed mood and drinking related constructs. Profiles were then compared based on their association with reported rates of alcohol-related consequences. Four profiles emerged: 1) Mild Depression, Heavy Drinkers; 2) Mild Depression, Severe Drinkers; 3) Moderate Depression, Heavy Drinkers; and 4) Moderate Depression, Severe Drinkers. Findings revealed significant differences between the four profiles on both risky drinking and alcohol-related consequences. CONCLUSION These findings suggest the importance of assessing and addressing depressive symptoms among college students in order to reduce rates of risky drinking and alcohol-related consequences.
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Birrell LE, Newton NC, Stapinski L, Prior K, Champion KE, Mackie CJ, Teesson M, Slade T. Trajectories of emotional symptoms in adolescence: impact on alcohol use. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/add-08-2017-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how different trajectories of emotional symptoms relate to alcohol use in adolescence.
Design/methodology/approach
In all, 431 participants (majority female), aged approximately 13 years at baseline were followed over three years and reported on their emotional symptoms and alcohol use. Latent class growth analyses explored different trajectories of emotional symptoms and regression models were run to relate these trajectories to alcohol use (full standard drink, and binge drinking) at 36-month follow-up (age 16 years).
Findings
While the majority of adolescents were best characterised by low-stable emotional symptoms, those with high-stable symptoms were more likely to be have consumed a full standard drink of alcohol and binge drunk when aged 16 years.
Research limitations/implications
Findings highlight the importance of prevention and early intervention, particularly targeting adolescents with elevated stable emotional symptoms who were more likely to be using alcohol at 16 years of age.
Originality/value
The present study is one of the first longitudinal investigations into the use of alcohol by community adolescents with different emotional symptom trajectories.
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Chao M, Li X, McGue M. The Causal Role of Alcohol Use in Adolescent Externalizing and Internalizing Problems: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:1953-1960. [PMID: 28876462 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The co-occurrence of alcohol use and externalizing/internalizing problems threatens adolescents' mental health. Research on whether alcohol use and these problems are causal and the direction of the potential causal relationships is needed to understand the mechanisms of the co-occurrence. METHODS A Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted in which the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 polymorphism was used as an instrumental variable for alcohol use phenotypes. In total, 1,608 Chinese adolescents (mean age 14.11 ± 1.83 years) were genotyped for the ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism. Three externalizing problems (aggression, delinquency, and attention problems) were measured with the Youth Self-Report inventory, and 2 internalizing problems (depression and anxiety) were measured with the self-reported Children's Depression Inventory and the Trait subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS Alcohol use was positively associated with all 3 externalizing and 2 internalizing problems, and the ALDH2 polymorphism had a significant effect on alcohol use. Aggression and attention problems were also significantly affected by the ALDH2 polymorphism, whereas no significant association was observed between the ALDH2 polymorphism and delinquency, anxiety, or depression. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that alcohol use is a cause of adolescent aggression and attention problems but not adolescent delinquency, anxiety, or depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chaoyang District, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chaoyang District, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Groenman AP, Janssen TWP, Oosterlaan J. Childhood Psychiatric Disorders as Risk Factor for Subsequent Substance Abuse: A Meta-Analysis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017. [PMID: 28647007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prospective risk of developing substance-related disorders after childhood mental health disorders (i.e., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], oppositional defiant disorder [ODD] or conduct disorder [CD], anxiety disorder, and depression) using meta-analysis. METHOD PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo were searched for relevant longitudinal studies that described childhood (<18 years old) ADHD, ODD or CD, anxiety, or depression in relation to later alcohol-, nicotine-, or drug-related disorders or substance use disorders (SUDs) published in peer-reviewed journals in the English language from 1986 to May 2016. Two researchers conducted all review stages. Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were followed. RESULTS Thirty-seven studies including more than 762,187 participants were identified for quantitative analyses. These studies included 22,029 participants with ADHD, 434 participants with ODD or CD, 1,433 participants with anxiety disorder, and 2,451 participants with depression. Ninety-seven effects sizes were extracted for analyses. Meta-analysis showed a significantly increased risk for addiction in ADHD (n = 23, odds ratio [OR] 2.27, 95% CI 1.98-3.67; OR alcohol 2.15, 95% CI 1.56-2.97; OR drugs 1.52, 95% CI 1.52-5.27; OR nicotine 2.52, 95% CI 2.01-3.15; OR SUDs 2.61, 95% CI 1.77-3.84), ODD or CD (n = 8, OR 3.18, 95% CI 1.97-5.80; OR alcohol 1.73, 95% CI 1.51-2.00; OR drugs 4.24, 95% CI 1.3.21.5.59; OR nicotine 4.22, 95% CI 3.21-5.55; OR SUDs 4.86, 95% CI 3.09-7.56), and depression (n = 13, OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.47-2.81; OR alcohol 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.19; OR nicotine 2.56, 95% CI 1.89-3.48; OR SUDs 2.20, 95% CI 1.41-3.43), but not for anxiety disorders (n = 15, OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, not significant). CONCLUSION Childhood ADHD, ODD, CD, and depression increase the risk of developing substance-related disorders. Anxiety disorders do not seem to increase the risk for future substance-related disorders, although the findings are highly heterogeneous. These findings emphasize the need for early detection and intervention to prevent debilitating substance-related disorders in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabeth P Groenman
- Section of Clinical Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands and Accare, Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen.
| | - Tieme W P Janssen
- Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Section of Clinical Neuropsychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
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Associations between early internalizing symptoms and speed of transition through stages of alcohol involvement. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 29:1455-1467. [PMID: 28397620 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417000384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorders and internalizing disorders are highly comorbid, but how this comorbidity unfolds over development is not well understood. The present study investigated effects of internalizing symptoms in late childhood on speed of transition between three alcohol involvement milestones: first drink, first binge, and onset of first alcohol dependence symptom. Greater early internalizing symptoms were expected to predict a later age of first drink, a slower transition from first drink to first binge, and a faster transition from first binge to first dependence symptom. The effects of age and moderating effects of gender were also examined. Data were from a longitudinal study of children of alcoholics and matched controls (N = 454) followed from late childhood to midlife. Generally, stage-specific hypotheses were not supported; rather, greater internalizing symptoms predicted an earlier age of first drink and a faster transition through the full interval from first drink to first dependence symptom. Regarding gender moderation, internalizing significantly predicted a faster transition between each milestone as well as through the full interval among women but not men. These results suggest that early internalizing problems confer risk for a rapid transition through all stages of alcohol involvement, and this risk may be limited to women.
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Tonmyr L, Shields M. Childhood sexual abuse and substance abuse: A gender paradox? CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2017; 63:284-294. [PMID: 27912908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We examine associations between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and substance abuse, the role of mental health indicators as mediators in these associations and whether or not associations differ by gender. Data are from 14,063 respondents aged 18-76 years from the 2004-2005 Canadian Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: An International Study (GENACIS). Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine associations between CSA and substance abuse variables, controlling for socio-demographic factors. Odds were adjusted by indicators of mental health to assess if these variables mediated associations between CSA and substance abuse. Tests of interactions between sex and CSA were conducted to see if gender differences exist in associations. In 2004/2005, CSA was reported by 14% of women and 5% of men. CSA was associated with heavy drinking, hazardous drinking, and the use of marijuana, other illicit drugs, and off-label drugs. Associations were only very marginally attenuated when controlling for depression and self-perceived emotional/mental health. In all cases previously observed significant associations persisted. Evidence of gender differences in associations between CSA and substance abuse was negligible. Preventing CSA may also reduce substance abuse.
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Puuskari V, Aalto-Setälä T, Komulainen E, Marttunen M. Low self-esteem and high psychological distress are common among depressed adolescents presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2017-004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Simons-Morton B, Haynie D, Liu D, Chaurasia A, Li K, Hingson R. The Effect of Residence, School Status, Work Status, and Social Influence on the Prevalence of Alcohol Use Among Emerging Adults. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2016; 77:121-32. [PMID: 26751362 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2016.77.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The first year after high school is a transitional year, with increased independence from parental supervision, contact with other independent youth, and exposure to new environments, all of which may influence substance use. This article reports longitudinal predictors of change in the prevalence of alcohol use and heavy episodic drinking among adolescents and environmental correlates (i.e., residence, college attendance, and work status) with drinking the year after high school. METHOD A national sample of study participants (N = 2,659; 55% female) in the NEXT Generation Health Study were followed annually from 10th grade (Wave 1) to the year after high school (Wave 4). Longitudinal binary outcomes, including recent (30-day) drinking and two measures of heavy episodic drinking, were examined. Transition models with generalized estimating equations estimated the effect of previous drinking behaviors, social influences, and current residential status and activity (school and/or work) on drinking prevalence. RESULTS Drinking increased from 40.5% among high school seniors (Wave 3) to 53.5% in Wave 4 for 30-day use, and from 29.0% to 41.2% for heavy episodic drinking. Significant predictors of 30-day drinking included previous drinking status (odds ratio [OR] = 5.48), peer drinking often (OR = 3.25), parental expectations (OR = 0.91), and current year living on campus (OR = 2.10). The same significant predictors with similar magnitudes were found for both measures of heavy episodic drinking. Peer use did not interact with college attendance or residence. CONCLUSIONS Predictors of drinking and heavy episodic drinking during the first year after high school included being White, living on campus, previous drinking, lower parental expectations, and having peers who drink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Simons-Morton
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Denise Haynie
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Danping Liu
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ashok Chaurasia
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kaigang Li
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ralph Hingson
- Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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40
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Ohannessian CM, Flannery KM, Simpson E, Russell BS. Family functioning and adolescent alcohol use: A moderated mediation analysis. J Adolesc 2016; 49:19-27. [PMID: 26994346 PMCID: PMC5815172 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The primary goals of this longitudinal study were to examine the relationship between family functioning and adolescent alcohol use and to examine whether depressed mood mediates this relationship. An additional goal was to explore whether these relations were moderated by gender. The sample included 1031 high school students from the Mid-Atlantic United States. Participants completed surveys in school during the spring of 2007, 2008, and 2009. Path analysis results indicated that family functioning predicted alcohol use for girls. Moreover, depressed mood mediated this relationship. None of the direct paths between family functioning and adolescent alcohol use were significant for boys. However, similar to girls, depressed mood negatively predicted alcohol use for boys. Taken together, the findings highlight the need for prevention programs targeting adolescent substance use to consider gender-specific trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine McCauley Ohannessian
- Children's Center for Community Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT 06106, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
| | - Kaitlin M Flannery
- Children's Center for Community Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT 06106, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Road, Unit 1020, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA
| | - Emily Simpson
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Rd., Unit 1058, Storrs, CT 06269-1058, USA
| | - Beth S Russell
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, 348 Mansfield Rd., Unit 1058, Storrs, CT 06269-1058, USA
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Polygenic score × intervention moderation: an application of discrete-time survival analysis to modeling the timing of first tobacco use among urban youth. Dev Psychopathol 2016; 27:111-22. [PMID: 25640834 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579414001333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the interaction between a polygenic score and an elementary school-based universal preventive intervention trial. The polygenic score reflects the contribution of multiple genes and has been shown in prior research to be predictive of smoking cessation and tobacco use (Uhl et al., 2014). Using data from a longitudinal preventive intervention study, we examined age of first tobacco use from sixth grade to age 18. Genetic data were collected during emerging adulthood and were genotyped using the Affymetrix 6.0 microarray. The polygenic score was computed using these data. Discrete-time survival analysis was employed to test for intervention main and interaction effects with the polygenic score. We found a main effect of the intervention, with the intervention participants reporting their first cigarette smoked at an age significantly later than controls. We also found an Intervention × Polygenic Score interaction, with participants at the higher end of the polygenic score benefitting the most from the intervention in terms of delayed age of first use. These results are consistent with Belsky and colleagues' (e.g., Belsky, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & van IJzendoorn, 2007; Belsky & Pleuss, 2009, 2013; Ellis, Boyce, Belsky, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & van IJzendoorn, 2011) differential susceptibility hypothesis and the concept of "for better or worse," wherein the expression of genetic variants are optimally realized in the context of an enriched environment, such as provided by a preventive intervention.
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42
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Wang SH, Ding Y, Zhao W, Huang YH, Perkins R, Zou W, Chen JJ. Text mining for identifying topics in the literatures about adolescent substance use and depression. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:279. [PMID: 26993983 PMCID: PMC4799597 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2932-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both adolescent substance use and adolescent depression are major public health problems, and have the tendency to co-occur. Thousands of articles on adolescent substance use or depression have been published. It is labor intensive and time consuming to extract huge amounts of information from the cumulated collections. Topic modeling offers a computational tool to find relevant topics by capturing meaningful structure among collections of documents. METHODS In this study, a total of 17,723 abstracts from PubMed published from 2000 to 2014 on adolescent substance use and depression were downloaded as objects, and Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was applied to perform text mining on the dataset. Word clouds were used to visually display the content of topics and demonstrate the distribution of vocabularies over each topic. RESULTS The LDA topics recaptured the search keywords in PubMed, and further discovered relevant issues, such as intervention program, association links between adolescent substance use and adolescent depression, such as sexual experience and violence, and risk factors of adolescent substance use, such as family factors and peer networks. Using trend analysis to explore the dynamics of proportion of topics, we found that brain research was assessed as a hot issue by the coefficient of the trend test. CONCLUSIONS Topic modeling has the ability to segregate a large collection of articles into distinct themes, and it could be used as a tool to understand the literature, not only by recapturing known facts but also by discovering other relevant topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Heng Wang
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, HFT-20, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.,Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, No. 91, Xueshi Rd, Taichung City, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yijun Ding
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, HFT-20, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Weizhong Zhao
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, HFT-20, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Yung-Hsiang Huang
- National Applied Research Laboratories, National Center for High-Performance Computing, No. 7, R&D 6th Rd., Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu City, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Roger Perkins
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, HFT-20, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Wen Zou
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, HFT-20, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
| | - James J Chen
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, HFT-20, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
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43
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Park S, Kim Y. Prevalence, correlates, and associated psychological problems of substance use in Korean adolescents. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:79. [PMID: 26818029 PMCID: PMC4728773 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2731-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Substance use among Korean adolescents has been increasing, but little is known about the correlates of substance use in this population. Identification of the correlates is required for development of preventive approaches that aim to reduce or eliminate risk. Therefore, we examined the prevalence and correlates of substance use including psychological problems in a nationwide sample of Korean adolescents. Methods Data from the 2014 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, collected from 72,060 adolescents aged 12–18 years (mean age 14.94 ± 1.75 years), were analyzed. Participants’ lifetime experiences with substances (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs) were assessed. Participants’ perceived stress, depressive mood, and suicidality during the previous 12 months were also investigated. Results The lifetime prevalence estimates of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use were 43.0, 19.9, and 0.4 % of the participants, respectively. The most commonly used illicit drugs were inhalants. Older age, male gender, non-residence with family, low parental educational level and socio-economic status, and low academic achievement were positively and significantly associated with substance use. Substance (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug) use was positively and significantly associated with severe stress, depressive mood, and suicidality during the previous 12 months, with the highest odds ratios obtained from illicit drug use. Conclusions These results indicate that the use of substances (alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs) among Korean adolescents is associated with socially disadvantaged families, psychological problems, and risky behavior. Health education including dependency prevention programs is needed for these high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Park
- Department of Mental Health Research, Seoul National Hospital, 398, Neungdong-ro, Gwangin-gu, Seoul, 143-711, South Korea.
| | - Yeni Kim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, 398, Neungdong-ro, Gwangin-gu, Seoul, 143-711, South Korea
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Luk JW, Patock-Peckham JA, Medina M, Terrell N, Belton D, King KM. Bullying Perpetration and Victimization as Externalizing and Internalizing Pathways: A Retrospective Study Linking Parenting Styles and Self-Esteem to Depression, Alcohol Use, and Alcohol-Related Problems. Subst Use Misuse 2016; 51:113-25. [PMID: 26757486 PMCID: PMC4820255 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2015.1090453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging research suggests significant positive associations between bullying and substance use behaviors. However, these studies typically focused either on the link between substance use and bullying perpetration or victimization, and few have conceptualized bullying perpetration and/or victimization as mediators. OBJECTIVE In this study, we simultaneously tested past bullying perpetration and victimization as mediational pathways from retrospective report of parenting styles and global self-esteem to current depressive symptoms, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems. METHODS Data were collected from a college sample of 419 drinkers. Mediation effects were conducted using a bias-corrected bootstrap technique within a structural equation modeling framework. RESULTS Two-path mediation analyses indicated that mother and father authoritativeness were protective against bully victimization and depression through higher self-esteem. Conversely, having a permissive or authoritarian mother was positively linked to bullying perpetration, which in turn, was associated with increased alcohol use, and to a lesser degree, more alcohol-related problems. Mother authoritarianism was associated with alcohol-related problems through depressive symptoms. Three-path mediation analyses suggested a trend in which individuals with higher self-esteem were less likely to report alcohol-related problems through lower levels of bullying victimization and depression. CONCLUSIONS/IMPORTANCE Results suggested that bullying perpetration and victimization may, respectively, serve as externalizing and internalizing pathways through which parenting styles and self-esteem are linked to depression and alcohol-related outcomes. The present study identified multiple modifiable precursors of, and mediational pathways to, alcohol-related problems which could guide the development and implementation of prevention programs targeting problematic alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy W Luk
- a University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Mia Medina
- b Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | - Kevin M King
- a University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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45
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Tarter R, Kirisci L, Reynolds M. A new approach to researching the etiology of cannabis use disorder: integrating transmissible and nontransmissible risk within a developmental framework. Subst Abus 2015; 35:336-43. [PMID: 25157645 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2014.956918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Rapidly occurring changes in law enforcement and licensing of retail outlets to sell marijuana raises the prospect that the population of consumers will expand and accordingly the prevalence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) will increase. This report presents a novel approach to researching CUD etiology joining multivariate and ontogenetic perspectives. CUD is conceptualized as a developmental outcome consisting of transmissible (intergenerational) and nontransmissible components. Partitioning the liability for CUD into these 2 dimensions enables implementing interventions targeted at the particular source and severity of risk. In addition, results showing that infant temperament disturbances predict transmissible risk leading to CUD 2 decades later underscore the importance of implementing early prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Tarter
- a Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research , University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , USA
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46
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Brooks-Russell A, Conway KP, Liu D, Xie Y, Vullo GC, Li K, Iannotti RJ, Compton ZW, Simons-Morton B. Dynamic Patterns of Adolescent Substance Use: Results From a Nationally Representative Sample of High School Students. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2015; 76:962-70. [PMID: 26562606 PMCID: PMC4712666 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2015.76.962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Use of tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs increases during the high school years, yet little is known about individual patterns over time, particularly patterns of contemporaneous multiple-substance use. This study examined trajectories of contemporaneous substance use and how individual and social factors differentially predict patterns of substance use. METHOD Longitudinal trajectories of substance use were examined in a nationally representative sample of students (N = 2,512) over a 3-year period (10th through 12th grades) using latent class analysis. Individual, parental, and peer risk factors in 10th grade were examined in relation to membership in trajectory classes. RESULT A five-class model was identified: nonusers (45.5%); tobacco, alcohol, and other drug users (9.2%); alcohol and other drug users (9.2%); increasing multiple-substance users (16.7%); and decreasing multiple-substance users (19.4%). Depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with a higher likelihood of membership in all classes except the increasing multiple-substance-user class, but the association becomes insignificant when social influence factors were adjusted. Parental-monitoring knowledge was associated with a lower likelihood of membership in all classes except increasing multiple-substance-user class, whereas perceived parental disapproval was associated with a lower likelihood of membership in the tobacco, alcohol, and other drug user class. Peer substance use was associated with a higher likelihood of membership in each of the substance use classes. CONCLUSIONS The identified longitudinal profiles highlight the pervasiveness and dynamic patterns of contemporaneous multiple-substance use during 10th through 12th grades. Negative peer influence increased risk, whereas positive parenting behaviors decreased risk. The findings are consistent with the need to foster social influences and protective factors against adolescent substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Brooks-Russell
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kevin P. Conway
- Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Danping Liu
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yunlong Xie
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Glotech, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Genevieve C. Vullo
- Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Kelly Government Solutions, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kaigang Li
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ronald J. Iannotti
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Z Wilson Compton
- Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bruce Simons-Morton
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Tseveenjav B, Pesonen P, Virtanen JI. Use of snus, its association with smoking and alcohol consumption, and related attitudes among adolescents: the Finnish National School Health Promotion Study. Tob Induc Dis 2015; 13:34. [PMID: 26500472 PMCID: PMC4619440 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-015-0058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between the use of snus and lifestyle-related habits – especially in adolescence, when these behaviours begin and become established – is not widely studied. Our aim was to analyse associations between snus use and habits of and attitudes towards smoking and alcohol consumption among Finnish adolescents. Methods The study is a part of the National School Health Promotion Study in Finland. The study population consisted of a representative sample of Finnish adolescents (n = 183 226). A questionnaire enquired about pupils’ use of snus, habits of and attitudes towards smoking and alcohol consumption, as well as their (age, gender, school type) and their parents’ (education and smoking) background factors. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models served in the statistical analyses. Results Of the adolescents, 18 % had used snus (2 % daily, 16 % experimented) while 82 % never had. Snus use was more common among boys than girls (p < 0.05). Concerning smoking, 19 % were daily and 15 % occasional smokers. Regarding alcohol, 11 % consumed it weekly and 57 % monthly or less frequently. More than two thirds of the adolescents held positive attitudes towards smoking (71 %), and alcohol (67 %). Male gender (OR = 9.9; 95 % CI 9.4–10.4), current (OR = 32.8; 95 % CI 26.1–41.1) or former (OR = 10.1; 95 % CI 8.0–12.9) smoking, weekly consumption of alcohol (OR = 27.4; 95 % CI 21.0–35.8), positive attitude towards smoking (OR = 1.4; 95 % CI 1.3–1.6), and higher parental education (OR = 1.4; 95 % CI 1.3–1.4) associated significantly with adolescents’ current snus use, whereas parental smoking did not. Conclusion Current snus use among adolescents may signal an accumulation of other lifestyle-related risky behaviours such as current or past smoking and alcohol consumption as well as a positive attitude towards smoking. In addition to these possible co-existing health-related risk factors, health promotion activities should take into account gender and school differences in order to target preventive messages to youth more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Battsetseg Tseveenjav
- Dental Health Care, Division of Health and Substance Abuse Services, Department of Social Services and Health Care, City of Helsinki, FI-00099 Helsinki, Finland ; Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland ; Oulu University Hospital, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Paula Pesonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland ; Oulu University Hospital, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland ; Oulu University Hospital, FI-90029 Oulu, Finland ; Medical Research Center (MRC Oulu), Oulu, Finland
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Premorbid risk factors for major depressive disorder: are they associated with early onset and recurrent course? Dev Psychopathol 2015; 26:1477-93. [PMID: 25422974 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579414001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Premorbid risk for major depressive disorder (MDD) and predictors of an earlier onset and recurrent course were examined in two studies in a large, community-based sample of parents and offspring, prospectively assessed from late childhood into adulthood. In Study 1 (N = 2,764 offspring and their parents), parental psychiatric status, offspring personality at age 11, and age 11 offspring internalizing and externalizing symptoms predicted the subsequent development of MDD, as did poor quality parent-child relationships, poor academic functioning, early pubertal development, and childhood maltreatment by age 11. Parental MDD and adult antisocial behavior, offspring negative emotionality and disconstraint, externalizing symptoms, and childhood maltreatment predicted an earlier onset of MDD, after accounting for course; lower positive emotionality, trait anxiety, and childhood maltreatment predicted recurrent MDD, after accounting for age of onset. In Study 2 (N = 7,146), we examined molecular genetic risk for MDD by extending recent reports of associations with glutamatergic system genes. We failed to confirm associations with MDD using either individual single nucleotide polymorphism based tests or gene-based analyses. Overall, results speak to the pervasiveness of risk for MDD, as well as specific risk for early onset MDD; risk for recurrent MDD appears to be largely a function of its often earlier onset.
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Gupta A, Priya B, Williams J, Sharma M, Gupta R, Jha DK, Ebrahim S, Dhillon PK. Intra-household evaluations of alcohol abuse in men with depression and suicide in women: A cross-sectional community-based study in Chennai, India. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:636. [PMID: 26163294 PMCID: PMC4702375 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harmful effects of alcohol abuse are well documented for drinkers, and adverse effects are also reported for the physical and emotional well-being of family members, with evidence often originating from either drinkers or their families in clinic-based settings. This study evaluates intra-household associations between alcohol abuse in men, and depression and suicidal attempts in women, in community-based settings of Chennai, India. METHODS This community-based cross-sectional study of chronic disease risk factors and outcomes was conducted in n = 259 households and n = 1053 adults (aged 15 years and above) in rural and urban Chennai. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) score was used to classify alcohol consumption into 'low-risk', 'harmful', 'hazardous' and 'alcohol dependence' drinking and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score to classify depression as 'mild', 'moderate', 'moderate-severe' and 'severe'. Multivariate logistic regression models estimated the association of depression in women with men's drinking patterns in the same household. RESULTS A significant 2.5-fold increase in any depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) was observed in men who were 'alcohol-dependent' compared to non-drinkers (OR = 2.53; 95% CI: 1.26, 5.09). However, there was no association between men's drinking behavior and depression in women of the same household, although suicidal attempts approached a significant dose-response relationship with increasing hazard-level of men's drinking (p = 0.08). CONCLUSION No significant intra-household association was observed between men's alcohol consumption and women's depression, though an increasing (non-significant) trend was associated with suicidal attempts. Complex relationships between suicidal attempts and depression in women and male abusive drinking require further exploration, with an emphasis on intra-household mechanisms and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adyya Gupta
- South Asia Network for Chronic Disease (SANCD), Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
| | | | | | - Mona Sharma
- Centre for Mental Health, Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
| | - Ruby Gupta
- South Asia Network for Chronic Disease (SANCD), Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
| | - Dilip Kumar Jha
- South Asia Network for Chronic Disease (SANCD), Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
| | - Shah Ebrahim
- Department of Non Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Preet K Dhillon
- South Asia Network for Chronic Disease (SANCD), Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
- Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, National Capital Region, India.
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Creswell KG, Chung T, Wright AGC, Clark DB, Black JJ, Martin CS. Personality, negative affect coping, and drinking alone: a structural equation modeling approach to examine correlates of adolescent solitary drinking. Addiction 2015; 110:775-83. [PMID: 25664806 PMCID: PMC4448111 DOI: 10.1111/add.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study examined the personality traits of negative emotionality and constraint and the ability to resist drinking during negative affective states as correlates of solitary drinking in adolescence. We hypothesized that higher levels of negative emotionality and lower levels of constraint would predict solitary drinking and that these relationships would be mediated by the ability to resist drinking in response to negative emotions. DESIGN Structural equation modeling was used to fit a path model from the personality traits of negative emotionality and constraint to solitary drinking status through intermediate effects on the ability to resist drinking during negative emotions using cross-sectional data. SETTING Clinical and community settings in Pennsylvania, USA. PARTICIPANTS The sample included 761 adolescent drinkers (mean age = 17.1). MEASUREMENTS Adolescents completed the Lifetime Drinking History, the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire, the Constructive Thinking Inventory and the Situational Confidence Questionnaire. FINDINGS The path model provided a good fit to the data. The association between trait negative emotionality and solitary drinking was fully mediated by adolescents' ability to resist drinking during negative affective states (b = 0.05, P = 0.01). In contrast, constraint had a direct effect on solitary drinking (odds ratio (OR) = 0.79, b = -0.23, P<0.01), as well as an indirect effect through the ability to resist drinking during negative affective states (b = -0.03, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The ability to resist drinking while experiencing negative feelings or emotions may be an important underlying mechanism linking trait negative emotionality (a tendency toward depression, anxiety and poor reaction to stress) and constraint (lack of impulsiveness) to adolescent solitary drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey G. Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tammy Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aidan G. C. Wright
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Duncan B. Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica J. Black
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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