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Han P, Zhang R, Li R, Li F, Huang L. Identification of an SCF Ubiquitin Ligase Complex that Contributes to Resistance Against Valsa Canker in Apple. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:520-529. [PMID: 38470518 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-23-0206-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases play a critical role in plant disease resistance. Among them, the Skp1-Cullin-F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex is the largest family and regulates the ubiquitination of a wide range of proteins. Apple Valsa canker (AVC) is a fungal disease of apple trees caused by the fungus Valsa mali, which can lead to significant economic losses. However, the function of the SCF complex in apple resistance to this disease is still largely unknown. In this study, we identified an SCF ubiquitin ligase complex that can enhance resistance to Valsa canker in apple. Disease evaluation experiments demonstrated that MdSkp1 increased apple resistance to AVC. Furthermore, MdSkp1 interacted with an F-box protein, MdSKIP14, and interacted with a cullin-1 protein, MdCUL1, to form an SCF ubiquitin ligase complex. Additionally, we revealed both MdSKIP14 and MdCUL1 as positive regulators of AVC resistance. In conclusion, our results identified an SCF complex capable of contributing to apple resistance against AVC, providing a theoretical basis for apple disease resistance and the sustainable development of the industry. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengliang Han
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ruotong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fudong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lili Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Shao M, Wang P, Gou H, Ma Z, Chen B, Mao J. Identification and Expression Analysis of the SKP1-Like Gene Family under Phytohormone and Abiotic Stresses in Apple ( Malus domestica). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16414. [PMID: 38003604 PMCID: PMC10671573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination participates in plant hormone signaling and stress response to adversity. SKP1-Like, a core component of the SCF (Skp1-Cullin-F-box) complex, is the final step in catalyzing the ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation pathway. However, the SKP1-Like gene family has not been well characterized in response to apple abiotic stresses and hormonal treatments. This study revealed that 17 MdSKP1-Like gene family members with the conserved domain of SKP1 were identified in apples and were unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes. The MdSKP1-Like genes located on chromosomes 1, 10, and 15 were highly homologous. The MdSKP1-like genes were divided into three subfamilies according to the evolutionary affinities of monocotyledons and dicotyledons. MdSKP1-like members of the same group or subfamily show some similarity in gene structure and conserved motifs. The predicted results of protein interactions showed that members of the MdSKP1-like family have strong interactions with members of the F-Box family of proteins. A selection pressure analysis showed that MdSKP1-Like genes were in purifying selection. A chip data analysis showed that MdSKP1-like14 and MdSKP1-like15 were higher in flowers, whereas MdSKP1-like3 was higher in fruits. The upstream cis-elements of MdSKP1-Like genes contained a variety of elements related to light regulation, drought, low temperature, and many hormone response elements, etc. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR also confirmed that the MdSKP1-Like gene is indeed involved in the response of the apple to hormonal and abiotic stress treatments. This research provides evidence for regulating MdSKP1-Like gene expression in response to hormonal and abiotic stresses to improve apple stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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He K, Du J, Han X, Li H, Kui M, Zhang J, Huang Z, Fu Q, Jiang Y, Hu Y. PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1 (PHR1) interacts with JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) and MYC2 to modulate phosphate deficiency-induced jasmonate signaling in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2132-2156. [PMID: 36856677 PMCID: PMC10226604 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a macronutrient necessary for plant growth and development. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) deficiency modulates the signaling pathway of the phytohormone jasmonate in Arabidopsis thaliana, but the underlying molecular mechanism currently remains elusive. Here, we confirmed that jasmonate signaling was enhanced under low Pi conditions, and the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1)-mediated pathway is critical for this process. A mechanistic investigation revealed that several JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) repressors physically interacted with the Pi signaling-related core transcription factors PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1 (PHR1), PHR1-LIKE2 (PHL2), and PHL3. Phenotypic analyses showed that PHR1 and its homologs positively regulated jasmonate-induced anthocyanin accumulation and root growth inhibition. PHR1 stimulated the expression of several jasmonate-responsive genes, whereas JAZ proteins interfered with its transcriptional function. Furthermore, PHR1 physically associated with the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4. Genetic analyses and biochemical assays indicated that PHR1 and MYC2 synergistically increased the transcription of downstream jasmonate-responsive genes and enhanced the responses to jasmonate. Collectively, our study reveals the crucial regulatory roles of PHR1 in modulating jasmonate responses and provides a mechanistic understanding of how PHR1 functions together with JAZ and MYC2 to maintain the appropriate level of jasmonate signaling under conditions of Pi deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunrong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiancan Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Xiao Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Huiqiong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Mengyi Kui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhichong Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Qiantang Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yanjuan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yanru Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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Han X, Kui M, Xu T, Ye J, Du J, Yang M, Jiang Y, Hu Y. CO interacts with JAZ repressors and bHLH subgroup IIId factors to negatively regulate jasmonate signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:852-873. [PMID: 36427252 PMCID: PMC9940882 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONSTANS (CO) is a master flowering-time regulator that integrates photoperiodic and circadian signals in Arabidopsis thaliana. CO is expressed in multiple tissues, including young leaves and seedling roots, but little is known about the roles and underlying mechanisms of CO in mediating physiological responses other than flowering. Here, we show that CO expression is responsive to jasmonate. CO negatively modulated jasmonate-imposed root-growth inhibition and anthocyanin accumulation. Seedlings from co mutants were more sensitive to jasmonate, whereas overexpression of CO resulted in plants with reduced sensitivity to jasmonate. Moreover, CO mediated the diurnal gating of several jasmonate-responsive genes under long-day conditions. We demonstrate that CO interacts with JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) repressors of jasmonate signaling. Genetic analyses indicated that CO functions in a CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1)-dependent manner to modulate jasmonate responses. Furthermore, CO physically associated with the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) subgroup IIId transcription factors bHLH3 and bHLH17. CO acted cooperatively with bHLH17 in suppressing jasmonate signaling, but JAZ proteins interfered with their transcriptional functions and physical interaction. Collectively, our results reveal the crucial regulatory effects of CO on mediating jasmonate responses and explain the mechanism by which CO works together with JAZ and bHLH subgroup IIId factors to fine-tune jasmonate signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Mengyi Kui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingwen Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jiancan Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Milian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yanjuan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yanru Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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Sun L, Cao S, Zheng N, Kao TH. Analyses of Cullin1 homologs reveal functional redundancy in S-RNase-based self-incompatibility and evolutionary relationships in eudicots. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:673-699. [PMID: 36478090 PMCID: PMC9940881 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Petunia (Solanaceae family), self-incompatibility (SI) is regulated by the polymorphic S-locus, which contains the pistil-specific S-RNase and multiple pollen-specific S-Locus F-box (SLF) genes. SLFs assemble into E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes known as Skp1-Cullin1-F-box complexes (SCFSLF). In pollen tubes, these complexes collectively mediate ubiquitination and degradation of all nonself S-RNases, but not self S-RNase, resulting in cross-compatible, but self-incompatible, pollination. Using Petunia inflata, we show that two pollen-expressed Cullin1 (CUL1) proteins, PiCUL1-P and PiCUL1-B, function redundantly in SI. This redundancy is lost in Petunia hybrida, not because of the inability of PhCUL1-B to interact with SSK1, but due to a reduction in the PhCUL1-B transcript level. This is possibly caused by the presence of a DNA transposon in the PhCUL1-B promoter region, which was inherited from Petunia axillaris, one of the parental species of Pe. hybrida. Phylogenetic and syntenic analyses of Cullin genes in various eudicots show that three Solanaceae-specific CUL1 genes share a common origin, with CUL1-P dedicated to S-RNase-related reproductive processes. However, CUL1-B is a dispersed duplicate of CUL1-P present only in Petunia, and not in the other species of the Solanaceae family examined. We suggest that the CUL1s involved (or potentially involved) in the SI response in eudicots share a common origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhan Sun
- Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Shiyun Cao
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Ning Zheng
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Teh-hui Kao
- Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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Hu S, Yu K, Yan J, Shan X, Xie D. Jasmonate perception: Ligand-receptor interaction, regulation, and evolution. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:23-42. [PMID: 36056561 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones integrate external environmental and developmental signals with internal cellular responses for plant survival and multiplication in changing surroundings. Jasmonate (JA), which might originate from prokaryotes and benefit plant terrestrial adaptation, is a vital phytohormone that regulates diverse developmental processes and defense responses against various environmental stresses. In this review, we first provide an overview of ligand-receptor binding techniques used for the characterization of phytohormone-receptor interactions, then introduce the identification of the receptor COI1 and active JA molecules, and finally summarize recent advances on the regulation of JA perception and its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kaiming Yu
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianbin Yan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China; Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Foshan 528200, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Shan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Daoxin Xie
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Li C, Xu M, Cai X, Han Z, Si J, Chen D. Jasmonate Signaling Pathway Modulates Plant Defense, Growth, and Their Trade-Offs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073945. [PMID: 35409303 PMCID: PMC8999811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid-derived jasmonates (JAs) play a crucial role in a variety of plant development and defense mechanisms. In recent years, significant progress has been made toward understanding the JA signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss JA biosynthesis, as well as its core signaling pathway, termination mechanisms, and the evolutionary origin of JA signaling. JA regulates not only plant regeneration, reproductive growth, and vegetative growth but also the responses of plants to stresses, including pathogen as well as virus infection, herbivore attack, and abiotic stresses. We also focus on the JA signaling pathway, considering its crosstalk with the gibberellin (GA), auxin, and phytochrome signaling pathways for mediation of the trade-offs between growth and defense. In summary, JA signals regulate multiple outputs of plant defense and growth and act to balance growth and defense in order to adapt to complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (D.C.)
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Zhang H, Zheng D, Song F, Jiang M. Expression Patterns and Functional Analysis of 11 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Genes in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:840360. [PMID: 35310657 PMCID: PMC8924586 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.840360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in many processes, regulating the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, 11 E3 ubiquitin ligase genes from Arabidopsis, which were hypothesized to function in response to biotic or abiotic stresses were selected, and the homologous genes in rice were found. Their functions were analyzed in rice. These 11 E3 ubiquitin ligase genes showed different patterns of expression under different treatments. The BMV:OsPUB39-infiltrated seedlings showed decreased resistance to Magnaporthe grisea (M. grisea) when compared with BMV:00-infiltrated seedlings, whereas the BMV:OsPUB34- and BMV:OsPUB33-infiltrated seedlings showed increased resistance. The involvement of these genes in the resistance against M. grisea may be attributed to the regulation of the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression levels of defense-related genes. Seedlings infiltrated by BMV:OsATL69 showed decreased tolerance to drought stress, whereas BMV:OsPUB33-infiltraed seedlings showed increased tolerance, possibly through the regulation of proline content, sugar content, and expression of drought-responsive genes. BMV:OsATL32-infiltrated seedlings showed decreased tolerance to cold stress by regulating malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the expression of cold-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Dewei Zheng
- College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Fengming Song
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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Koskimäki JJ, Pohjanen J, Kvist J, Fester T, Härtig C, Podolich O, Fluch S, Edesi J, Häggman H, Pirttilä AM. The meristem-associated endosymbiont Methylorubrum extorquens DSM13060 reprograms development and stress responses of pine seedlings. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:391-410. [PMID: 34328183 PMCID: PMC8842435 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbes living in plant tissues-endophytes-are mainly studied in crop plants where they typically colonize the root apoplast. Trees-a large carbon source with a high capacity for photosynthesis-provide a variety of niches for endophytic colonization. We have earlier identified a new type of plant-endophyte interaction in buds of adult Scots pine, where Methylorubrum species live inside the meristematic cells. The endosymbiont Methylorubrum extorquens DSM13060 significantly increases needle and root growth of pine seedlings without producing plant hormones, but by aggregating around host nuclei. Here, we studied gene expression and metabolites of the pine host induced by M. extorquens DSM13060 infection. Malic acid was produced by pine to potentially boost M. extorquens colonization and interaction. Based on gene expression, the endosymbiont activated the auxin- and ethylene (ET)-associated hormonal pathways through induction of CUL1 and HYL1, and suppressed salicylic and abscisic acid signaling of pine. Infection by the endosymbiont had an effect on pine meristem and leaf development through activation of GLP1-7 and ALE2, and suppressed flowering, root hair and lateral root formation by downregulation of AGL8, plantacyanin, GASA7, COW1 and RALFL34. Despite of systemic infection of pine seedlings by the endosymbiont, the pine genes CUL1, ETR2, ERF3, HYL, GLP1-7 and CYP71 were highly expressed in the shoot apical meristem, rarely in needles and not in stem or root tissues. Low expression of MERI5, CLH2, EULS3 and high quantities of ononitol suggest that endosymbiont promotes viability and protects pine seedlings against abiotic stress. Our results indicate that the endosymbiont positively affects host development and stress tolerance through mechanisms previously unknown for endophytic bacteria, manipulation of plant hormone signaling pathways, downregulation of senescence and cell death-associated genes and induction of ononitol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne J Koskimäki
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Paavo Havaksentie J1, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Pohjanen
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Paavo Havaksentie J1, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouni Kvist
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas Fester
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claus Härtig
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olga Podolich
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of NASU, Acad. Zabolotnoho str., 150 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Jaanika Edesi
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Paavo Havaksentie J1, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Production Systems, Tree Breeding, Natural Resources Institute Finland LUKE, FI-57200 Savonlinna, Finland
| | - Hely Häggman
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Paavo Havaksentie J1, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
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Jasmonic Acid-Dependent MYC Transcription Factors Bind to a Tandem G-Box Motif in the YUCCA8 and YUCCA9 Promoters to Regulate Biotic Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189768. [PMID: 34575927 PMCID: PMC8468920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway is the main route for auxin biosynthesis in higher plants. Tryptophan aminotransferases (TAA1/TAR) and members of the YUCCA family of flavin-containing monooxygenases catalyze the conversion of l-tryptophan via indole-3-pyruvic acid to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). It has been described that jasmonic acid (JA) locally produced in response to mechanical wounding triggers the de novo formation of IAA through the induction of two YUCCA genes, YUC8 and YUC9. Here, we report the direct involvement of a small number of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors of the MYC family in this process. We show that the JA-mediated regulation of the expression of the YUC8 and YUC9 genes depends on the abundance of MYC2, MYC3, and MYC4. In support of this observation, seedlings of myc knockout mutants displayed a strongly reduced response to JA-mediated IAA formation. Furthermore, transactivation assays provided experimental evidence for the binding of MYC transcription factors to a particular tandem G-box motif abundant in the promoter regions of YUC8 and YUC9, but not in the promoters of the other YUCCA isogenes. Moreover, we demonstrate that plants that constitutively overexpress YUC8 and YUC9 show less damage after spider mite infestation, thereby underlining the role of auxin in plant responses to biotic stress signals.
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Yang Q, Nong X, Xu J, Huang F, Wang F, Wu J, Zhang C, Liu C. Unraveling the Genetic Basis of Fertility Restoration for Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line WNJ01A Originated From Brassica juncea in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:721980. [PMID: 34531887 PMCID: PMC8438535 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.721980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Crosses that lead to heterosis have been widely used in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) industry. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)/restorer-of-fertility (Rf) systems represent one of the most useful tools for rapeseed production. Several CMS types and their restorer lines have been identified in rapeseed, but there are few studies on the mechanisms underlying fertility restoration. Here, we performed morphological observation, map-based cloning, and transcriptomic analysis of the F2 population developed by crossing the CMS line WNJ01A with its restorer line Hui01. Paraffin-embedded sections showed that the sporogenous cell stage was the critical pollen degeneration period, with major sporogenous cells displaying loose and irregular arrangement in sterile anthers. Most mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) complex genes were upregulated in fertile compared to sterile buds. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA)-seq to analyze mixed DNA pools from sterile and fertile F2 buds, respectively, we identified a 6.25 Mb candidate interval where Rfw is located. Using map-based cloning experiments combined with bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone sequencing, the candidate interval was reduced to 99.75 kb and two pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) genes were found among 28 predicted genes in this interval. Transcriptome sequencing showed that there were 1679 DEGs (1023 upregulated and 656 downregulated) in fertile compared to sterile F2 buds. The upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) lysine degradation pathway and phenylalanine metabolism, and the downregulated DEGs were enriched in cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis. Furthermore, 44 DEGs were involved in pollen and anther development, such as tapetum, microspores, and pollen wall development. All of them were upregulated except a few such as POE1 genes (which encode Pollen Ole e I allergen and extensin family proteins). There were 261 specifically expressed DEGs (9 and 252 in sterile and fertile buds, respectively). Regarding the fertile bud-specific upregulated DEGs, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway was enriched. The top four hub genes in the protein-protein interaction network (BnaA09g56400D, BnaA10g18210D, BnaA10g18220D, and BnaC09g41740D) encode RAD23d proteins, which deliver ubiquitinated substrates to the 26S proteasome. These findings provide evidence on the pathways regulated by Rfw and improve our understanding of fertility restoration.
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Mass Spectrometric Monitoring of Plant Hormone Cross Talk During Biotic Stress Responses in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34448159 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1609-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The potato is among the most important food crops in the world and of incalculable value for global food security. In 2012, the crop area for potato in Northern and Western Europe reached almost 1 million ha and a production of over 37 million tons with an average yield between 18 and 45 tons/ha. However, current potato production is put in jeopardy by a number of important biotic stress factors including late blight (Phytophthora infestans), which was responsible for the disastrous Irish potato famine during 1843-1845. P. infestans shows a remarkable capacity for adaptation with respect to host genotype and applied fungicides. This has made disease management to become more and more difficult and put substantial emphasis on gaining more detailed insight into the molecular bases of plant pathogen interactions, in order to find more sophisticated ways for biological pest control. The plant hormones jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) play central roles in the regulation of plant responses to biotic foes. In addition, other phytohormones including auxins and abscisic acid (ABA) have also been associated with plant defense responses. For this reason, the parallel analysis of multiple plant hormones in small tissue amounts represents an important field of research in contemporary plant sciences. Here, we describe a highly sensitive and accurate method for the quantitative analysis of ABA, JA, SA, and indole-3-acetic acid in potato plants by gas chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS).
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Chen J, Yang H, Ma S, Yao R, Huang X, Yan J, Xie D. HbCOI1 perceives jasmonate to trigger signal transduction in Hevea brasiliensis. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:460-471. [PMID: 33032325 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural rubber, a strategically essential raw material used in manufacturing throughout the world, is produced from coagulated and refined latex of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). It is known that phytohormone jasmonate (JA) plays an essential role in regulating latex biosynthesis. However, it is unclear how the JA signal is sensed in a rubber tree. Here, we showed that H. brasiliensis CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE 1 (HbCOI1) acts as a receptor that perceives JA to recruit H. brasiliensis JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN1 (HbJAZ1) for signal transduction. We found that HbCOI1 restores male sterility and JA responses of the coi1-1 mutant in Arabidopsis. The identification of a JA receptor in the rubber tree is essential for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying JA-regulated latex biosynthesis. Our results elucidate the mechanism of JA perception in H. brasiliensis and also provide an efficient strategy to identify JA receptors in woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sui Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Ruifeng Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Hainan University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Jianbin Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Daoxin Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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He L, Chen X, Yang J, Zhang T, Li J, Zhang S, Zhong K, Zhang H, Chen J, Yang J. Rice black-streaked dwarf virus-encoded P5-1 regulates the ubiquitination activity of SCF E3 ligases and inhibits jasmonate signaling to benefit its infection in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:896-912. [PMID: 31318448 PMCID: PMC6972624 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
SCF (Skp1/Cullin1/F-box) complexes are key regulators of many cellular processes. Viruses encode specific factors to interfere with or hijack these complexes and ensure their infection in plants. The molecular mechanisms controlling this interference/hijack are currently largely unknown. Here, we present evidence of a novel strategy used by Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) to regulate ubiquitination in rice (Oryza sativa) by interfering in the activity of OsCSN5A. We also show that RBSDV P5-1 specifically affects CSN-mediated deRUBylation of OsCUL1, compromising the integrity of the SCFCOI1 complex. We demonstrate that the expressions of jasmonate (JA) biosynthesis-associated genes are not inhibited, whereas the expressions of JA-responsive genes are down-regulated in transgenic P5-1 plants. More importantly, application of JA to P5-1 transgenic plants did not reduce their susceptibility to RBSDV infection. Our results suggest that P5-1 inhibits the ubiquitination activity of SCF E3 ligases through an interaction with OsCSN5A, and hinders the RUBylation/deRUBylation of CUL1, leading to an inhibition of the JA response pathway and an enhancement of RBSDV infection in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long He
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing21000China
| | - Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- College of Plant ProtectionHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410000China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- College of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang A&F UniversityLinan311300China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Institute of Plant ProtectionHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410000China
| | - Kaili Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
| | - Hengmu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro‐productsInstitute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315000China
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15
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An XH, Hao YJ, Li EM, Xu K, Cheng CG. Functional identification of apple MdJAZ2 in Arabidopsis with reduced JA-sensitivity and increased stress tolerance. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:255-265. [PMID: 27844101 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the decrease of JA-sensitivity and enhancement of tolerance to salt and PEG stresses in Arabidopsis overexpressing apple MdJAZ2. As signalling molecules, jasmonates (JAs) play significant roles in plant development and stress responses. JAZ proteins are the targets of the SCFCOI1 complex and act as the negative regulators in JA signalling pathway. However, there are no reports regarding the biological function of apple JAZ genes. In this study, one JAZ gene, MdJAZ2 from apple, was functionally characterized in detail. The expression of MdJAZ2 was up-regulated by MeJA and wounding treatments. MdJAZ2-GFP fusion protein was observed in nucleus in transient expression assay. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed that MdJAZ2 could form homo- and heteromers, and also interact with F-box protein MdCOI1. Overexpression of MdJAZ2 conferred impaired JA-sensitivity in transgenic Arabidopsis, including JA-mediated root growth inhibition, susceptibility to the bacterial pathogen Pst DC3000, and the expression of JA response genes. Additionally, MdJAZ2 overexpression also improved tolerance to NaCl and PEG treatments in transgenic Arabidopsis. Together, our findings suggest that apple MdJAZ2 was not only involved in the JA response but also played roles in stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Hong An
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Pomology, CAAS, Xingcheng, 125100, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - En-Mao Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Pomology, CAAS, Xingcheng, 125100, Liaoning, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Pomology, CAAS, Xingcheng, 125100, Liaoning, China
| | - Cun-Gang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Pomology, CAAS, Xingcheng, 125100, Liaoning, China.
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Loba VC, Alonso MMP, Pollmann S. Monitoring of Crosstalk Between Jasmonate and Auxin in the Framework of Plant Stress Responses of Roots. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1569:175-185. [PMID: 28265998 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6831-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, it became more and more evident that plant hormone action is to great parts determined through their sophisticated crosstalk, rather than by their isolated activities. Thus, the parallel analysis of interconnected phytohormones in only very small amounts of tissue developed to an important issue in the field of plant sciences. In the following, a highly sensitive and accurate method is described for the quantitative analysis of the plant hormones jasmonic acid and indole-3-acetic acid in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The described methodology is, however, not limited to the analysis of Arabidopsis samples but can also be applied to other plant species. The presented method is optimized for the working up of as little as 20-50 mg of plant tissue. Thus, it is well suited for the analysis of plant hormone contents in plant tissue of only little biomass, such as roots. The presented protocol facilitates the implementation of the method into other laboratories that have access to appropriate laboratory equipment and comparable state-of-the-art gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Carrasco Loba
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Autovía M-40, km 38, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta-Marina Pérez Alonso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Autovía M-40, km 38, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Autovía M-40, km 38, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Pathak RK, Baunthiyal M, Shukla R, Pandey D, Taj G, Kumar A. In Silico Identification of Mimicking Molecules as Defense Inducers Triggering Jasmonic Acid Mediated Immunity against Alternaria Blight Disease in Brassica Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:609. [PMID: 28487711 PMCID: PMC5403927 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola are two major phytopathogenic fungi which cause Alternaria blight, a recalcitrant disease on Brassica crops throughout the world, which is highly destructive and responsible for significant yield losses. Since no resistant source is available against Alternaria blight, therefore, efforts have been made in the present study to identify defense inducer molecules which can induce jasmonic acid (JA) mediated defense against the disease. It is believed that JA triggered defense response will prevent necrotrophic mode of colonization of Alternaria brassicae fungus. The JA receptor, COI1 is one of the potential targets for triggering JA mediated immunity through interaction with JA signal. In the present study, few mimicking compounds more efficient than naturally occurring JA in terms of interaction with COI1 were identified through virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation studies. A high quality structural model of COI1 was developed using the protein sequence of Brassica rapa. This was followed by virtual screening of 767 analogs of JA from ZINC database for interaction with COI1. Two analogs viz. ZINC27640214 and ZINC43772052 showed more binding affinity with COI1 as compared to naturally occurring JA. Molecular dynamics simulation of COI1 and COI1-JA complex, as well as best screened interacting structural analogs of JA with COI1 was done for 50 ns to validate the stability of system. It was found that ZINC27640214 possesses efficient, stable, and good cell permeability properties. Based on the obtained results and its physicochemical properties, it is capable of mimicking JA signaling and may be used as defense inducers for triggering JA mediated resistance against Alternaria blight, only after further validation through field trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Pathak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and TechnologyPantnagar, India
- Department of Biotechnology, G. B. Pant Engineering CollegePauri Garhwal, India
| | - Mamta Baunthiyal
- Department of Biotechnology, G. B. Pant Engineering CollegePauri Garhwal, India
| | - Rohit Shukla
- Molecular and Structural Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, North Eastern Hill UniversityShillong, India
| | - Dinesh Pandey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and TechnologyPantnagar, India
- *Correspondence: Dinesh Pandey, Gohar Taj, Anil Kumar,
| | - Gohar Taj
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and TechnologyPantnagar, India
- *Correspondence: Dinesh Pandey, Gohar Taj, Anil Kumar,
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and TechnologyPantnagar, India
- *Correspondence: Dinesh Pandey, Gohar Taj, Anil Kumar,
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18
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Häffner E, Konietzki S, Diederichsen E. Keeping Control: The Role of Senescence and Development in Plant Pathogenesis and Defense. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 4:449-88. [PMID: 27135337 PMCID: PMC4844401 DOI: 10.3390/plants4030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many plant pathogens show interactions with host development. Pathogens may modify plant development according to their nutritional demands. Conversely, plant development influences pathogen growth. Biotrophic pathogens often delay senescence to keep host cells alive, and resistance is achieved by senescence-like processes in the host. Necrotrophic pathogens promote senescence in the host, and preventing early senescence is a resistance strategy of plants. For hemibiotrophic pathogens both patterns may apply. Most signaling pathways are involved in both developmental and defense reactions. Increasing knowledge about the molecular components allows to distinguish signaling branches, cross-talk and regulatory nodes that may influence the outcome of an infection. In this review, recent reports on major molecular players and their role in senescence and in pathogen response are reviewed. Examples of pathosystems with strong developmental implications illustrate the molecular basis of selected control strategies. A study of gene expression in the interaction between the hemibiotrophic vascular pathogen Verticillium longisporum and its cruciferous hosts shows processes that are fine-tuned to counteract early senescence and to achieve resistance. The complexity of the processes involved reflects the complex genetic control of quantitative disease resistance, and understanding the relationship between disease, development and resistance will support resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Häffner
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Biologie, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Angewandte Genetik, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sandra Konietzki
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Biologie, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Angewandte Genetik, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elke Diederichsen
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, Pharmazie, Institut für Biologie, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Angewandte Genetik, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
- Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht H.G. Lembke KG, Hohenlieth, D-24363 Holtsee, Germany.
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Arabidopsis ERF109 mediates cross-talk between jasmonic acid and auxin biosynthesis during lateral root formation. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5833. [PMID: 25524530 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) is well known to promote lateral root formation but the mechanisms by which JA signalling is integrated into the pathways responsible for lateral root formation, and how it interacts with auxin in this process remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the highly JA-responsive ethylene response factor 109 (ERF109) mediates cross-talk between JA signalling and auxin biosynthesis to regulate lateral root formation in Arabidopsis. erf109 mutants have fewer lateral roots under MeJA treatments compared with wild type whereas ERF109 overexpression causes a root phenotype that resembles those of auxin overproduction mutants. ERF109 binds directly to GCC-boxes in the promoters of ASA1 and YUC2, which encode two key enzymes in auxin biosynthesis. Thus, our study reveals a molecular mechanism for JA and auxin cross-talk during JA-induced lateral root formation.
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Pirrello J, Leclercq J, Dessailly F, Rio M, Piyatrakul P, Kuswanhadi K, Tang C, Montoro P. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the jasmonate signalling pathway in response to abiotic and harvesting stress in Hevea brasiliensis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:341. [PMID: 25443311 PMCID: PMC4274682 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latex harvesting in Hevea brasiliensis amounts to strong abiotic stress that can cause a halt in production in the most susceptible clones. Although the role of jasmonic acid has been suggested in laticifer differentiation, its role in latex production and in the response to harvesting stress has received very little attention. Only a few key genes acting in the COI-JAZ-MYC module have been isolated and studied at transcriptional level. RESULTS Use of a reference transcriptome obtained on rubber clone PB 260 covering a large number of tissues under different environmental conditions enabled us to identify 24 contigs implicated in the jasmonate signalling pathway in the rubber tree. An analysis of their expression profile by qPCR, combined with hierarchical clustering, suggested that the jasmonate signalling pathway is highly activated in laticifer cells and, more particularly, in the response to harvesting stress. By comparison with their genomic sequences, the existence of regulation by alternative splicing was discovered for JAZ transcripts in response to harvesting stress. Lastly, positive transcriptional regulation of the HbJAZ_1405 gene by MYC was demonstrated. CONCLUSION This study led to the identification of all actors of jasmonate signalling pathway and revealed a specific gene expression pattern in latex cells. In-depth analysis of this regulation showed alternative splicing that has been previously shown in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, genotypic variation was observed in Hevea clones with contrasting latex metabolism. This result suggests an involvement of jasmonate signalling pathway in latex production. The data suggest that specific variability of the JA pathway may have some major consequences for resistance to stress. The data support the hypothesis that a better understanding of transcriptional regulations of jasmonate pathway during harvesting stress, along with the use of genotypic diversity in response to such stress, can be used to improve resistance to stress and rubber production in Hevea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Piyanuch Piyatrakul
- />CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- />Rubber Research Institute, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 Thailand
| | - Kuswanhadi Kuswanhadi
- />Sembawa Research Centre, Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, P.O 1127, Palembang, 30001 Indonesia
| | - Chaorong Tang
- />Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737 Hainan China
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Jahns MT, Vezon D, Chambon A, Pereira L, Falque M, Martin OC, Chelysheva L, Grelon M. Crossover localisation is regulated by the neddylation posttranslational regulatory pathway. PLoS Biol 2014; 12:e1001930. [PMID: 25116939 PMCID: PMC4130666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A genetic study finds the neddylation pathway (known to-date for post-translational protein modification) is involved in regulating crossover localization but not crossover number during meiosis in Arabidopsis. Crossovers (COs) are at the origin of genetic variability, occurring across successive generations, and they are also essential for the correct segregation of chromosomes during meiosis. Their number and position are precisely controlled, however the mechanisms underlying these controls are poorly understood. Neddylation/rubylation is a regulatory pathway of posttranslational protein modification that is required for numerous cellular processes in eukaryotes, but has not yet been linked to homologous recombination. In a screen for meiotic recombination-defective mutants, we identified several axr1 alleles, disrupting the gene encoding the E1 enzyme of the neddylation complex in Arabidopsis. Using genetic and cytological approaches we found that axr1 mutants are characterised by a shortage in bivalent formation correlated with strong synapsis defects. We determined that the bivalent shortage in axr1 is not due to a general decrease in CO formation but rather due to a mislocalisation of class I COs. In axr1, as in wild type, COs are still under the control of the ZMM group of proteins. However, in contrast to wild type, they tend to cluster together and no longer follow the obligatory CO rule. Lastly, we showed that this deregulation of CO localisation is likely to be mediated by the activity of a cullin 4 RING ligase, known to be involved in DNA damage sensing during somatic DNA repair and mouse spermatogenesis. In conclusion, we provide evidence that the neddylation/rubylation pathway of protein modification is a key regulator of meiotic recombination. We propose that rather than regulating the number of recombination events, this pathway regulates their localisation, through the activation of cullin 4 RING ligase complexes. Possible targets for these ligases are discussed. During meiosis, two successive chromosomal divisions follow a single S phase, resulting in the formation of four haploid cells, each with half of the parental genetic material. This reduction in chromosome number occurs during the first meiotic division, when homologous chromosomes (paternal and maternal) are separated from each other. For this to happen, homologous chromosomes associate in structures called bivalents, where each chromosome is linked to its homologue by a point of contact known as chiasmata. These chiasmata reflect the formation of crossovers (COs), one of the manifestations of the exchange of genetic material occurring during homologous recombination. CO number varies little at around two per chromosome pair, and they tend to be evenly spaced on chromosomes. Thus, CO number and distribution are very tightly controlled. However, the mechanisms underlying these controls are very poorly understood. In this study, we identified a regulatory pathway of meiotic recombination. We show that this pathway does not regulate the amount of recombination events per se, but instead controls their localisation, as when it is defective, CO events cluster together in a few regions of the genome, leading to bivalent shortage and progeny aneuploidy with incorrect numbers of chromosomes. This regulatory pathway is a posttranslational protein modification system called neddylation (or rubylation in plants), known to be required for numerous cellular processes in eukaryotes. We identify an enzyme of the neddylation complex as a major regulator of meiotic recombination in Arabidopsis and show that this process may be also conserved in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tagliaro Jahns
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Daniel Vezon
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Aurélie Chambon
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Lucie Pereira
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Matthieu Falque
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche de Génétique Végétale, Université Paris-Sud, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier C. Martin
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche de Génétique Végétale, Université Paris-Sud, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Liudmila Chelysheva
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
| | - Mathilde Grelon
- INRA, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, Versailles, France
- * E-mail:
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Pacurar DI, Pacurar ML, Pacurar AM, Gutierrez L, Bellini C. A novel viable allele of Arabidopsis CULLIN1 identified in a screen for superroot2 suppressors by next generation sequencing-assisted mapping. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100846. [PMID: 24955772 PMCID: PMC4067405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Map-based cloning (MBC) is the conventional approach for linking phenotypes to genotypes, and has been successfully used to identify causal mutations in diverse organisms. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies offer unprecedented possibilities to sequence the entire genomes of organisms, thereby in principle enabling direct identification of causal mutations without mapping. However, although mapping-by-sequencing has proven to be a cost effective alternative to classical MBC in particular situations, methods based solely on NGS still have limitations and need to be refined. Aiming to identify the causal mutations in suppressors of Arabidopsis thaliana superroot2 phenotype, generated by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) treatment, we combined NGS and classical mapping, to rapidly identify the point mutations and restrict the number of testable candidates by defining the chromosomal intervals containing the causal mutations, respectively. The NGS-assisted mapping approach we describe here facilitates unbiased identification of virtually any causal EMS-generated mutation by overlapping the identification (deep sequencing) and validation (mapping) steps. To exemplify the useful marriage of the two approaches we discuss the strategy used to identify a new viable recessive allele of the Arabidopsis CULLIN1 gene in the non-reference Wassilewskija (Ws-4) accession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I. Pacurar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Monica L. Pacurar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Present address: SweTree Technologies AB, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrea M. Pacurar
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- Molecular biology platform (CRRBM), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Catherine Bellini
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (UMR1318 INRA-AgroParisTech), Versailles, France
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Hsieh HL, Okamoto H. Molecular interaction of jasmonate and phytochrome A signalling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:2847-57. [PMID: 24868039 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The phytochrome family of red (R) and far-red (FR) light receptors (phyA-phyE in Arabidopsis) play important roles throughout plant development and regulate elongation growth during de-etiolation and under light. Phytochromes regulate growth through interaction with the phytohormones gibberellin, auxin, and brassinosteroid. Recently it has been established that jasmonic acid (JA), a phytohormone for stress responses, namely wounding and defence, is also important in inhibition of hypocotyl growth regulated by phyA and phyB. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of the interaction between JA and phytochrome signalling particularly during seedling development in Arabidopsis. Significantly, JA biosynthesis genes are induced by phyA. The protein abundance of JAR1/FIN219, an enzyme for the final synthesis step to give JA-Ile, an active form of JA, is also determined by phyA. In addition, JAR1/FIN219 directly interacts with an E3-ligase, COP1, a master regulator for transcription factors regulating hypocotyl growth, suggesting a more direct role in growth regulation. There are a number of points of interaction in the molecular signalling of JA and phytochrome during seedling development in Arabidopsis, and we propose a model for how they work together to regulate hypocotyl growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Liang Hsieh
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haruko Okamoto
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
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24
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Wasternack C. Perception, signaling and cross-talk of jasmonates and the seminal contributions of the Daoxin Xie's lab and the Chuanyou Li's lab. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:707-718. [PMID: 24691578 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are lipid-derived signals in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and in development. The most active JA compound is (+)-7-iso-JA-Ile, a JA conjugate with isoleucine. Biosynthesis, metabolism and key components of perception and signal transduction have been identified and numerous JA-induced gene expression data collected. For JA-Ile perception, the SCF(COI1)-JAZ co-receptor complex has been identified and crystalized. Activators such as MYC2 and repressors such as JAZs including their targets were found. Involvement of JA-Ile in response to herbivores and pathogens and in root growth inhibition is among the most studied aspects of JA-Ile signaling. There are an increasing number of examples, where JA-Ile shows cross-talk with other plant hormones. Seminal contributions in JA/JA-Ile research were given by Daoxin Xie's lab and Chuanyou Li's lab, both in Beijing. Here, characterization was done regarding components of the JA-Ile receptor, such as COI1 (JAI1) and SCF, regarding activators (MYCs, MYBs) and repressors (JAV1, bHLH IIId's) of JA-regulated gene expression, as well as regarding components of auxin biosynthesis and action, such as the transcription factor PLETHORA active in the root stem cell niche. This overview reflects the work of both labs in the light of our present knowledge on biosynthesis, perception and signal transduction of JA/JA-Ile and its cross-talk to other hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Wasternack
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany,
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25
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Xu M, Yang X, Zhao J, Zhang J, Zhang S, Huang H, Liu Y, Liu J. High expression of Cullin1 indicates poor prognosis for NSCLC patients. Pathol Res Pract 2014; 210:397-401. [PMID: 24767980 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cullin1 is a scaffold protein of the ubiquitin E3 ligase Skp1/Cullin1/Rbx1/F-box protein complex which ubiquitinates a broad range of proteins participating in biochemical events like cell-cycle progression, signal transduction, and transcription. Cullin1 is involved in the progression of several cancers, such as melanoma, breast cancer, and gastric cancer. METHODS To investigate the role of Cullin1 in the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we examined the expression of Cullin1 in 8-paired fresh NSCLC tissues. We then constructed immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 114 paraffin-embedded slices and evaluated the correlation between Cullin1 expression and clinicopathologic variables, as well as patients' overall survival. RESULTS We found that Cullin1 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and significantly associated with NSCLC's histological differentiation (P=0.002), clinical stage (P=0.010) and Ki-67 (P=0.021). Furthermore, we showed a strong correlation between high Cullin1 expression and worse overall survival rates in NSCLC patients (P<0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed that Cullin1 expression was an independent prognostic factor to predict 5-year patient outcome in NSCLC cancer (P=0.033). CONCLUSION These data suggested that Cullin1 might promote the progression of NSCLC and be a biotarget for NSCLC's therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Neural Biology, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinli Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junhua Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Huang H, Wang C, Tian H, Sun Y, Xie D, Song S. Amino acid substitutions of GLY98, LEU245 and GLU543 in COI1 distinctively affect jasmonate-regulated male fertility in Arabidopsis. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:145-54. [PMID: 24399137 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-013-4590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Jasmonate (JA) regulates various plant defense and developmental processes. The F-box protein CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1) perceives JA signals to mediate diverse plant responses including male fertility, root growth, anthocyanin accumulation, and defense against abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, we carried out genetic, physiological and biochemical analysis on a series of coi1 mutant alleles, and found that different amino acid mutations in COI1 distinctively affect JA-regulated male fertility in Arabidopsis. All the JA responses are disrupted by the COI1 mutations W467 in coi1-1, Q343 (coi1-6), G369E (coi1-4), G98D (coi1-5), G155E (coi1-7), D452A (coi1-9) and L490A (coi1-10), though the coi1-5 mutant (COI1G98D) contains adequate COI1 protein (~ 60% of wild-type). Interestingly, the low basal level of COI1(E543K) in the coi1-8 mutant (~ 10% of wild-type COI1 level) is sufficient for maintaining male fertility ( ~50% of wild-type fertility); the coi1-2 mutant with low level of COI1(L245F) (~ 10% of wild-type) is male sterile under normal growth condition (22°C) but male fertile (~ 80% of wild-type fertility) at low temperature (16°C); however, both coi1-2 and coi1-8 are defective in the other JA responses (root growth, anthocyanin accumulation, and plant response to the pathogen Pst DC3000 infection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Huang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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27
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Choi CM, Gray WM, Mooney S, Hellmann H. Composition, roles, and regulation of cullin-based ubiquitin e3 ligases. THE ARABIDOPSIS BOOK 2014; 12:e0175. [PMID: 25505853 PMCID: PMC4262284 DOI: 10.1199/tab.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to their sessile nature, plants depend on flexible regulatory systems that allow them to adequately regulate developmental and physiological processes in context with environmental cues. The ubiquitin proteasome pathway, which targets a great number of proteins for degradation, is cellular tool that provides the necessary flexibility to accomplish this task. Ubiquitin E3 ligases provide the needed specificity to the pathway by selectively binding to particular substrates and facilitating their ubiquitylation. The largest group of E3 ligases known in plants is represented by CULLIN-REALLY INTERESTING NEW GENE (RING) E3 ligases (CRLs). In recent years, a great amount of knowledge has been generated to reveal the critical roles of these enzymes across all aspects of plant life. This review provides an overview of the different classes of CRLs in plants, their specific complex compositions, the variety of biological processes they control, and the regulatory steps that can affect their activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hanjo Hellmann
- Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
- Address correspondence to
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28
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Hentrich M, Böttcher C, Düchting P, Cheng Y, Zhao Y, Berkowitz O, Masle J, Medina J, Pollmann S. The jasmonic acid signaling pathway is linked to auxin homeostasis through the modulation of YUCCA8 and YUCCA9 gene expression. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 74:626-37. [PMID: 23425284 PMCID: PMC3654092 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between phytohormones play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development, but knowledge of the networks controlling hormonal relationships, such as between oxylipins and auxins, is just emerging. Here, we report the transcriptional regulation of two Arabidopsis YUCCA genes, YUC8 and YUC9, by oxylipins. Similar to previously characterized YUCCA family members, we show that both YUC8 and YUC9 are involved in auxin biosynthesis, as demonstrated by the increased auxin contents and auxin-dependent phenotypes displayed by gain-of-function mutants as well as the significantly decreased indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels in yuc8 and yuc8/9 knockout lines. Gene expression data obtained by qPCR analysis and microscopic examination of promoter-reporter lines reveal an oxylipin-mediated regulation of YUC9 expression that is dependent on the COI1 signal transduction pathway. In support of these findings, the roots of the analyzed yuc knockout mutants displayed a reduced response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The similar response of the yuc8 and yuc9 mutants to MeJA in cotyledons and hypocotyls suggests functional overlap of YUC8 and YUC9 in aerial tissues, while their function in roots shows some specificity, probably in part related to different spatio-temporal expression patterns of the two genes. These results provide evidence for an intimate functional relationship between oxylipin signaling and auxin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hentrich
- Department of Plant Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Petra Düchting
- Department of Plant Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Youfa Cheng
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Yunde Zhao
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Josette Masle
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Joaquín Medina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
- Corresponding author: Stephan Pollmann; Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Autopista M-40, km 38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain; Tel.: +34-91-336-4589; Fax: +34-91-715-7721;
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29
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Ye CM, Chen S, Payton M, Dickman MB, Verchot J. TGBp3 triggers the unfolded protein response and SKP1-dependent programmed cell death. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2013; 14:241-55. [PMID: 23458484 PMCID: PMC6638746 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The Potato virus X (PVX) triple gene block protein 3 (TGBp3), an 8-kDa membrane binding protein, aids virus movement and induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) during PVX infection. TGBp3 was expressed from the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) genome (TMV-p3), and we noted the up-regulation of SKP1 and several endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperones, including the ER luminal binding protein (BiP), protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), calreticulin (CRT) and calmodulin (CAM). Local lesions were seen on leaves inoculated with TMV-p3, but not TMV or PVX. Such lesions were the result of TGBp3-elicited programmed cell death (PCD), as shown by an increase in reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation and induction of SKP1 expression. UPR-related gene expression occurred within 8 h of TMV-p3 inoculation and declined before the onset of PCD. TGBp3-mediated cell death was suppressed in plants that overexpressed BiP, indicating that UPR induction by TGBp3 is a pro-survival mechanism. Anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-xl, CED-9 and Op-IAP were expressed in transgenic plants and suppressed N gene-mediated resistance to TMV, but failed to alleviate TGBp3-induced PCD. However, TGBp3-mediated cell death was reduced in SKP1-silenced Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The combined data suggest that TGBp3 triggers the UPR and elicits PCD in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ming Ye
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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30
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Ye CM, Chen S, Payton M, Dickman MB, Verchot J. TGBp3 triggers the unfolded protein response and SKP1-dependent programmed cell death. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2013. [PMID: 23458484 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12000 [epub ahead of print]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Potato virus X (PVX) triple gene block protein 3 (TGBp3), an 8-kDa membrane binding protein, aids virus movement and induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) during PVX infection. TGBp3 was expressed from the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) genome (TMV-p3), and we noted the up-regulation of SKP1 and several endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperones, including the ER luminal binding protein (BiP), protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), calreticulin (CRT) and calmodulin (CAM). Local lesions were seen on leaves inoculated with TMV-p3, but not TMV or PVX. Such lesions were the result of TGBp3-elicited programmed cell death (PCD), as shown by an increase in reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation and induction of SKP1 expression. UPR-related gene expression occurred within 8 h of TMV-p3 inoculation and declined before the onset of PCD. TGBp3-mediated cell death was suppressed in plants that overexpressed BiP, indicating that UPR induction by TGBp3 is a pro-survival mechanism. Anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-xl, CED-9 and Op-IAP were expressed in transgenic plants and suppressed N gene-mediated resistance to TMV, but failed to alleviate TGBp3-induced PCD. However, TGBp3-mediated cell death was reduced in SKP1-silenced Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The combined data suggest that TGBp3 triggers the UPR and elicits PCD in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ming Ye
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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31
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Yan J, Li H, Li S, Yao R, Deng H, Xie Q, Xie D. The Arabidopsis F-box protein CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 is stabilized by SCFCOI1 and degraded via the 26S proteasome pathway. THE PLANT CELL 2013; 25:486-98. [PMID: 23386265 PMCID: PMC3608773 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.112.105486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonate regulates critical aspects of plant development and defense. The F-box protein CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) functions as a jasmonate receptor and forms Skp1/Cullin1/F-box protein COI1 (SCF(COI1)) complexes with Arabidopsis thaliana Cullin1 and Arabidopsis Skp1-like1 (ASK1) to recruit its substrate jasmonate ZIM-domain proteins for ubiquitination and degradation. Here, we reveal a mechanism regulating COI1 protein levels in Arabidopsis. Genetic and biochemical analysis and in vitro degradation assays demonstrated that the COI1 protein was initially stabilized by interacting with ASK1 and further secured by assembly into SCF(COI1) complexes, suggesting a function for SCF(COI1) in the stabilization of COI1 in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, we show that dissociated COI1 is degraded through the 26S proteasome pathway, and we identified the 297th Lys residue as an active ubiquitination site in COI1. Our data suggest that the COI1 protein is strictly regulated by a dynamic balance of SCF(COI1)-mediated stabilization and 26S proteasome-mediated degradation and thus maintained at a protein level essential for proper biological functions in Arabidopsis development and defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Yan
- The Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haiou Li
- The Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuhua Li
- The Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ruifeng Yao
- The Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- The Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Daoxin Xie
- The Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Address correspondence to
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32
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Di Giacomo E, Serino G, Frugis G. Emerging role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in the control of shoot apical meristem function(f). JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 55:7-20. [PMID: 23164365 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) is a population of undifferentiated cells at the tip of the shoot axis that establishes early during plant embryogenesis and gives rise to all shoot organs throughout the plant's life. A plethora of different families of transcription factors (TFs) play a key role in establishing the equilibrium between cell differentiation and stem cell maintenance in the SAM. Fine tuning of these regulatory proteins is crucial for a proper and fast SAM response to environmental and hormonal cues, and for development progression. One effective way to rapidly inactivate TFs involves regulated proteolysis by the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system (UPS). However, a possible role of UPS-dependent protein degradation in the regulation of key SAM TFs has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we summarize recent evidence supporting a role for the UPS in SAM maintenance and function. We integrate this survey with an in silico analysis of publicly-available microarray databases which identified ubiquitin ligases that are expressed in specific areas within the SAM, suggesting that they may regulate or act downstream of meristem-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Di Giacomo
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, UOS Roma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo Scalo, Roma 00015, Italy
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Peng Z, Han C, Yuan L, Zhang K, Huang H, Ren C. Brassinosteroid enhances jasmonate-induced anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis seedlings. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 53:632-40. [PMID: 21545406 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2011.01042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonate (JA) regulates plant development, mediates defense responses, and induces anthocyanin biosynthesis as well. Previously, we isolated the psc1 mutant that partially suppressed coi1 insensitivity to JA, and found that brassinosteroid (BR) was involved in JA signaling and negatively regulated JA inhibition of root growth in Arabidopsis. In this study it was shown that JA-induced anthocyanin accumulation was reduced in BR mutants or in wild type treated with brassinazole, an inhibitor of BR biosynthesis, whereas it was induced by an application of exogenous BR. It was also shown that the 'late' anthocyanin biosynthesis genes including DFR, LDOX, and UF3GT, were induced slightly by JA in the BR mutants relative to wild type. Furthermore, the expression level of JA-induced Myb/bHLH transcription factors such as PAP1, PAP2, and GL3, which are components of the WD-repeat/Myb/bHLH transcriptional complexes that mediate the 'late' anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, was lower in the BR mutants than that in wild type. These results suggested that BR affects JA-induced anthocyanin accumulation by regulating the 'late' anthocyanin biosynthesis genes and this regulation might be mediated by the WD-repeat/Myb/bHLH transcriptional complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Mazzucotelli E, Belloni S, Marone D, De Leonardis A, Guerra D, Di Fonzo N, Cattivelli L, Mastrangelo A. The e3 ubiquitin ligase gene family in plants: regulation by degradation. Curr Genomics 2011; 7:509-22. [PMID: 18369404 DOI: 10.2174/138920206779315728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2006] [Revised: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 10/22/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of protein expression and activity has been for long time considered only in terms of transcription/translation efficiency. In the last years, the discovery of post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation mechanisms pointed out that the key factor in determining transcript/protein amount is the synthesis/degradation ratio, together with post-translational modifications of proteins. Polyubiquitinaytion marks target proteins directed to degradation mediated by 26S-proteasome. Recent functional genomics studies pointed out that about 5% of Arabidopsis genome codes for proteins of ubiquitination pathway. The most of them (more than one thousand genes) correspond to E3 ubiquitin ligases that specifically recognise target proteins. The huge size of this gene family, whose members are involved in regulation of a number of biological processes including hormonal control of vegetative growth, plant reproduction, light response, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and DNA repair, indicates a major role for protein degradation in control of plant life.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mazzucotelli
- C.R.A.-Experimental Institute for Cereal Research, Section of Foggia, S.S. 16 km 675, 71100 Foggia, Italy
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35
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Ye C, Dickman MB, Whitham SA, Payton M, Verchot J. The unfolded protein response is triggered by a plant viral movement protein. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 156:741-55. [PMID: 21474436 PMCID: PMC3177272 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.174110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Infection with Potato virus X (PVX) in Nicotiana benthamiana plants leads to increased transcript levels of several stress-related host genes, including basic-region leucine zipper 60 (bZIP60), SKP1, ER luminal binding protein (BiP), protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), calreticulin (CRT), and calmodulin (CAM). bZIP60 is a key transcription factor that responds to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and induces the expression of ER-resident chaperones (BiP, PDI, CRT, and CAM). SKP1 is a component of SCF (for SKP1-Cullin-F box protein) ubiquitin ligase complexes that target proteins for proteasomal degradation. Expression of PVX TGBp3 from a heterologous vector induces the same set of genes in N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves. Virus-induced gene silencing was employed to knock down the expression of bZIP60 and SKP1, and the number of infection foci on inoculated leaves was reduced and systemic PVX accumulation was altered. Silencing bZIP60 led to the suppression of BiP and SKP1 transcript levels, suggesting that bZIP60 might be an upstream signal transducer. Overexpression of TGBp3 led to localized necrosis, but coexpression of TGBp3 with BiP abrogated necrosis, demonstrating that the unfolded protein response alleviates ER stress-related cell death. Steady-state levels of PVX replicase and TGBp2 (which reside in the ER) proteins were unaltered by the presence of TGBp3, suggesting that TGBp3 does not contribute to their turnover. Taken together, PVX TGBp3-induced ER stress leads to up-regulation of bZIP60 and unfolded protein response-related gene expression, which may be important to regulate cellular cytotoxicity that could otherwise lead to cell death if viral proteins reach high levels in the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeanmarie Verchot
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology (C.Y., J.V.) and Department of Statistics (M.P.), Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078; Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 (M.B.D.); Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 (S.A.W.)
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Kidd BN, Kadoo NY, Dombrecht B, Tekeoglu M, Gardiner DM, Thatcher LF, Aitken EAB, Schenk PM, Manners JM, Kazan K. Auxin signaling and transport promote susceptibility to the root-infecting fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2011; 24:733-48. [PMID: 21281113 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-10-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a root-infecting fungal pathogen that causes wilt disease on a broad range of plant species, including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Currently, very little is known about the molecular or physiological processes that are activated in the host during infection and the roles these processes play in resistance and susceptibility to F. oxysporum. In this study, we analyzed global gene expression profiles of F. oxysporum-infected Arabidopsis plants. Genes involved in jasmonate biosynthesis as well as jasmonate-dependent defense were coordinately induced by F. oxysporum. Similarly, tryptophan pathway genes, including those involved in both indole-glucosinolate and auxin biosynthesis, were upregulated in both the leaves and the roots of inoculated plants. Analysis of plants expressing the DR5:GUS construct suggested that root auxin homeostasis was altered during F. oxysporum infection. However, Arabidopsis mutants with altered auxin and tryptophan-derived metabolites such as indole-glucosinolates and camalexin did not show an altered resistance to this pathogen. In contrast, several auxin-signaling mutants were more resistant to F. oxysporum. Chemical or genetic alteration of polar auxin transport also conferred increased pathogen resistance. Our results suggest that, similarly to many other pathogenic and nonpathogenic or beneficial soil organisms, F. oxysporum requires components of auxin signaling and transport to colonize the plant more effectively. Potential mechanisms of auxin signaling and transport-mediated F. oxysporum susceptibility are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan N Kidd
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industy, Queensland Bioscience Precint, St Lucia, Australia
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Hoffmann M, Hentrich M, Pollmann S. Auxin-oxylipin crosstalk: relationship of antagonists. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 53:429-45. [PMID: 21658177 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2011.01053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Stephan Pollmann (Corresponding author) Phytohormones regulate a wide array of developmental processes throughout the life cycle of plants. Herein, the various plant hormones may interact additively, synergistically, or antagonistically. By their cooperation they create a delicate regulatory network whose net output largely depends on the action of specific phytohormone combinations rather than on the independent activities of separate hormones. While most classical studies of plant hormonal control have focused mainly on the action of single hormones or on the synergistic interaction of hormones in regulating various developmental processes, recent work is beginning to shed light on the crosstalk of nominally antagonistic plant hormones, such as gibberellins and auxins with oxylipins or abscisic acid. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of how two of the first sight antagonistic plant hormones, i.e. auxins and oxylipins, interact in controlling plant responses and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Hoffmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (U.P.M. - I.N.I.A.) Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la U.P.M., Campus de Montegancedo, Crta., Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
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Qi T, Song S, Ren Q, Wu D, Huang H, Chen Y, Fan M, Peng W, Ren C, Xie D. The Jasmonate-ZIM-domain proteins interact with the WD-Repeat/bHLH/MYB complexes to regulate Jasmonate-mediated anthocyanin accumulation and trichome initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:1795-814. [PMID: 21551388 PMCID: PMC3123955 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.083261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 602] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) mediate plant responses to insect attack, wounding, pathogen infection, stress, and UV damage and regulate plant fertility, anthocyanin accumulation, trichome formation, and many other plant developmental processes. Arabidopsis thaliana Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins, substrates of the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1)-based SCF(COI1) complex, negatively regulate these plant responses. Little is known about the molecular mechanism for JA regulation of anthocyanin accumulation and trichome initiation. In this study, we revealed that JAZ proteins interact with bHLH (Transparent Testa8, Glabra3 [GL3], and Enhancer of Glabra3 [EGL3]) and R2R3 MYB transcription factors (MYB75 and Glabra1), essential components of WD-repeat/bHLH/MYB transcriptional complexes, to repress JA-regulated anthocyanin accumulation and trichome initiation. Genetic and physiological evidence showed that JA regulates WD-repeat/bHLH/MYB complex-mediated anthocyanin accumulation and trichome initiation in a COI1-dependent manner. Overexpression of the MYB transcription factor MYB75 and bHLH factors (GL3 and EGL3) restored anthocyanin accumulation and trichome initiation in the coi1 mutant, respectively. We speculate that the JA-induced degradation of JAZ proteins abolishes the interactions of JAZ proteins with bHLH and MYB factors, allowing the transcriptional function of WD-repeat/bHLH/MYB complexes, which subsequently activate respective downstream signal cascades to modulate anthocyanin accumulation and trichome initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancong Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Susheng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingcuo Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dewei Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huang Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Crop Gene Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Meng Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wen Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunmei Ren
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Crop Gene Engineering Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Daoxin Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Address correspondence to
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Lozano-Durán R, Rosas-Díaz T, Gusmaroli G, Luna AP, Taconnat L, Deng XW, Bejarano ER. Geminiviruses subvert ubiquitination by altering CSN-mediated derubylation of SCF E3 ligase complexes and inhibit jasmonate signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:1014-32. [PMID: 21441437 PMCID: PMC3082251 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.110.080267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Viruses must create a suitable cell environment and elude defense mechanisms, which likely involves interactions with host proteins and subsequent interference with or usurpation of cellular machinery. Here, we describe a novel strategy used by plant DNA viruses (Geminiviruses) to redirect ubiquitination by interfering with the activity of the CSN (COP9 signalosome) complex. We show that geminiviral C2 protein interacts with CSN5, and its expression in transgenic plants compromises CSN activity on CUL1. Several responses regulated by the CUL1-based SCF ubiquitin E3 ligases (including responses to jasmonates, auxins, gibberellins, ethylene, and abscisic acid) are altered in these plants. Impairment of SCF function is confirmed by stabilization of yellow fluorescent protein-GAI, a substrate of the SCF(SLY1). Transcriptomic analysis of these transgenic plants highlights the response to jasmonates as the main SCF-dependent process affected by C2. Exogenous jasmonate treatment of Arabidopsis thaliana plants disrupts geminivirus infection, suggesting that the suppression of the jasmonate response might be crucial for infection. Our findings suggest that C2 affects the activity of SCFs, most likely through interference with the CSN. As SCFs are key regulators of many cellular processes, the capability of viruses to selectively interfere with or hijack the activity of these complexes might define a novel and powerful strategy in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Lozano-Durán
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Tabata Rosas-Díaz
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Giuliana Gusmaroli
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8104
| | - Ana P. Luna
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Ludivine Taconnat
- Unité Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 1165, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 8114, UEVE, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8104
| | - Eduardo R. Bejarano
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- Address correspondence to
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40
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Cheng Z, Sun L, Qi T, Zhang B, Peng W, Liu Y, Xie D. The bHLH transcription factor MYC3 interacts with the Jasmonate ZIM-domain proteins to mediate jasmonate response in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2011; 4:279-88. [PMID: 21242320 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssq073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis Jasmonate ZIM-domain proteins (JAZs) act as substrates of SCF(COI1) complex to repress their downstream targets, which are essential for JA-regulated plant development and defense. The bHLH transcription factor MYC2 was found to interact with JAZs and mediate JA responses including JA-inhibitory root growth. Here, we identified another bHLH transcription factor MYC3 which directly interacted with JAZs by virtue of its N-terminal region to regulate JA responses. The transgenic plants with overexpression of MYC3 exhibited hypersensitivity in JA-inhibitory root elongation and seedling development. The JAZ-interacting pattern and the JA-induced expression pattern of MYC3 were distinguishable from those of MYC2. We speculate that MYC3 and MYC2 may have redundant but also distinguishable functions in regulation of JA responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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41
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Song S, Qi T, Huang H, Ren Q, Wu D, Chang C, Peng W, Liu Y, Peng J, Xie D. The Jasmonate-ZIM domain proteins interact with the R2R3-MYB transcription factors MYB21 and MYB24 to affect Jasmonate-regulated stamen development in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:1000-13. [PMID: 21447791 PMCID: PMC3082250 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.083089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana F-box protein CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) perceives jasmonate (JA) signals and subsequently targets the Jasmonate-ZIM domain proteins (JAZs) for degradation by the SCF(COI1)-26S proteasome pathway to mediate various jasmonate-regulated processes, including fertility, root growth, anthocyanin accumulation, senescence, and defense. In this study, we screened JAZ-interacting proteins from an Arabidopsis cDNA library in the yeast two-hybrid system. MYB21 and MYB24, two R2R3-MYB transcription factors, were found to interact with JAZ1, JAZ8, and JAZ11 in yeast and in planta. Genetic and physiological experiments showed that the myb21 myb24 double mutant exhibited defects specifically in pollen maturation, anther dehiscence, and filament elongation leading to male sterility. Transgenic expression of MYB21 in the coi1-1 mutant was able to rescue male fertility partially but unable to recover JA-regulated root growth inhibition, anthocyanin accumulation, and plant defense. These results demonstrate that the R2R3-MYB transcription factors MYB21 and MYB24 function as direct targets of JAZs to regulate male fertility specifically. We speculate that JAZs interact with MYB21 and MYB24 to attenuate their transcriptional function; upon perception of JA signal, COI1 recruits JAZs to the SCF(COI1) complex for ubiquitination and degradation through the 26S proteasome; MYB21 and MYB24 are then released to activate expression of various genes essential for JA-regulated anther development and filament elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susheng Song
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tiancong Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huang Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingcuo Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dewei Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Changqing Chang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Wen Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yule Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Daoxin Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Shan X, Wang J, Chua L, Jiang D, Peng W, Xie D. The role of Arabidopsis Rubisco activase in jasmonate-induced leaf senescence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 155:751-64. [PMID: 21173027 PMCID: PMC3032464 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.166595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence, as the last stage of leaf development, is regulated by diverse developmental and environmental factors. Jasmonates (JAs) have been shown to induce leaf senescence in several plant species; however, the molecular mechanism for JA-induced leaf senescence remains unknown. In this study, proteomic, genetic, and physiological approaches were used to reveal the molecular basis of JA-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We identified 35 coronatine-insensitive 1 (COI1)-dependent JA-regulated proteins using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis in Arabidopsis. Among these 35 proteins, Rubisco activase (RCA) was a COI1-dependent JA-repressed protein. We found that RCA was down-regulated at the levels of transcript and protein abundance by JA in a COI1-dependent manner. We further found that loss of RCA led to typical senescence-associated features and that the COI1-dependent JA repression of RCA played an important role in JA-induced leaf senescence.
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Lumba S, Cutler S, McCourt P. Plant Nuclear Hormone Receptors: A Role for Small Molecules in Protein-Protein Interactions. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2010; 26:445-69. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100109-103956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shelley Lumba
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2 Canada; ,
| | - Sean Cutler
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;
| | - Peter McCourt
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2 Canada; ,
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Laluk K, Mengiste T. Necrotroph attacks on plants: wanton destruction or covert extortion? THE ARABIDOPSIS BOOK 2010; 8:e0136. [PMID: 22303261 PMCID: PMC3244965 DOI: 10.1199/tab.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Necrotrophic pathogens cause major pre- and post-harvest diseases in numerous agronomic and horticultural crops inflicting significant economic losses. In contrast to biotrophs, obligate plant parasites that infect and feed on living cells, necrotrophs promote the destruction of host cells to feed on their contents. This difference underpins the divergent pathogenesis strategies and plant immune responses to biotrophic and necrotrophic infections. This chapter focuses on Arabidopsis immunity to necrotrophic pathogens. The strategies of infection, virulence and suppression of host defenses recruited by necrotrophs and the variation in host resistance mechanisms are highlighted. The multiplicity of intraspecific virulence factors and species diversity in necrotrophic organisms corresponds to variations in host resistance strategies. Resistance to host-specific necrotophs is monogenic whereas defense against broad host necrotrophs is complex, requiring the involvement of many genes and pathways for full resistance. Mechanisms and components of immunity such as the role of plant hormones, secondary metabolites, and pathogenesis proteins are presented. We will discuss the current state of knowledge of Arabidopsis immune responses to necrotrophic pathogens, the interactions of these responses with other defense pathways, and contemplate on the directions of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Laluk
- Purdue University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Address correspondence to
and
| | - Tesfaye Mengiste
- Purdue University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 915 W. State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Address correspondence to
and
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Moehninsi, Miura K, Nakajyo H, Yamada K, Hasegawa K, Shigemori H. Comparative transcriptional profiling-based identification of raphanusanin-inducible genes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 10:111. [PMID: 20553608 PMCID: PMC3095276 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raphanusanin (Ra) is a light-induced growth inhibitor involved in the inhibition of hypocotyl growth in response to unilateral blue-light illumination in radish seedlings. Knowledge of the roles of Ra still remains elusive. To understand the roles of Ra and its functional coupling to light signalling, we constructed the Ra-induced gene library using the Suppression Subtractive Hybridisation (SSH) technique and present a comparative investigation of gene regulation in radish seedlings in response to short-term Ra and blue-light exposure. RESULTS The predicted gene ontology (GO) term revealed that 55% of the clones in the Ra-induced gene library were associated with genes involved in common defence mechanisms, including thirty four genes homologous to Arabidopsis genes implicated in R-gene-triggered resistance in the programmed cell death (PCD) pathway. Overall, the library was enriched with transporters, hydrolases, protein kinases, and signal transducers. The transcriptome analysis revealed that, among the fifty genes from various functional categories selected from 88 independent genes of the Ra-induced library, 44 genes were up-regulated and 4 were down-regulated. The comparative analysis showed that, among the transcriptional profiles of 33 highly Ra-inducible genes, 25 ESTs were commonly regulated by different intensities and duration of blue-light irradiation. The transcriptional profiles, coupled with the transcriptional regulation of early blue light, have provided the functional roles of many genes expected to be involved in the light-mediated defence mechanism. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first comprehensive survey of transcriptional regulation in response to Ra. The results described herein suggest a link between Ra and cellular defence and light signalling, and thereby contribute to further our understanding of how Ra is involved in light-mediated mechanisms of plant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moehninsi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kenji Miura
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Nakajyo
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kosumi Yamada
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
- KNC Laboratories Co, Ltd, Hyogo 651-2271, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shigemori
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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Gu M, Yan J, Bai Z, Chen YT, Lu W, Tang J, Duan L, Xie D, Nan FJ. Design and synthesis of biotin-tagged photoaffinity probes of jasmonates. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:3012-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chua L, Shan X, Wang J, Peng W, Zhang G, Xie D. Proteomics study of COI1-regulated proteins in Arabidopsis flower. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 52:410-419. [PMID: 20377703 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.00938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are a new class of plant hormone that regulate expression of diverse genes to mediate various plant responses. The Arabidopsis F-box protein COI1 is required for plant defense and male fertility in JA signal pathway. To further investigate the regulatory role of COI1 in male fertility, we compared the proteomics profiles of Arabidopsis wild type (WT) flowers with coi1-1 mutant male-sterile flowers using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis coupled with matrix-assisted laser desoption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Sixteen proteins with potential function in specific biological processes such as metabolism processes and defense/stress responses were differentially expressed in WT and coi1-1 mutant flowers. Verification on a phi class glutathione transferase AtGSTF9, one out of these 16 identified proteins, revealed that the expression of AtGSTF9 was severely downregulated in flowers of coi1-1 mutant compared with that of WT. Further function analyses of these genes would provide new insights into the molecular basis of COI1-regulated male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Chua
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673
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Santner A, Estelle M. The ubiquitin-proteasome system regulates plant hormone signaling. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 61:1029-40. [PMID: 20409276 PMCID: PMC3066055 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants utilize the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to modulate nearly every aspect of growth and development. Ubiquitin is covalently attached to target proteins through the action of three enzymes known as E1, E2, and E3. The ultimate outcome of this post-translational modification depends on the nature of the ubiquitin linkage and the extent of polyubiquitination. In most cases, ubiquitination results in degradation of the target protein in the 26S proteasome. During the last 10 years it has become clear that the UPS plays a prominent regulatory role in hormone biology. E3 ubiquitin ligases in particular actively participate in hormone perception, de-repression of hormone signaling pathways, degradation of hormone specific transcription factors, and regulation of hormone biosynthesis. It is certain that additional functions will be discovered as more of the nearly 1200 potential E3s in plants are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Santner
- Molecular Kinetics, Inc., 6201 La Pas Trail, Suite 160, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA
| | - Mark Estelle
- University of California San Diego, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 9209, USA
- For correspondence (fax +858 534 7108; )
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Abstract
ARABIDOPSIS IS A SUPERB MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF AN IMPORTANT SUBGROUP OF OXYLIPINS: the jasmonates. Jasmonates control many responses to cell damage and invasion and are essential for reproduction. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a prohormone and is conjugated to hydrophobic amino acids to produce regulatory ligands. The major receptor for active jasmonate ligands is closely related to auxin receptors and, as in auxin signaling, jasmonate signaling requires the destruction of repressor proteins. This chapter uses a frequently asked question (FAQ) approach and concludes with a practical section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván F. Acosta
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edward E. Farmer
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Address correspondence to
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Chung HS, Niu Y, Browse J, Howe GA. Top hits in contemporary JAZ: an update on jasmonate signaling. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1547-59. [PMID: 19800644 PMCID: PMC3271379 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Revised: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone jasmonate (JA) regulates a wide range of growth, developmental, and defense-related processes during the plant life cycle. Identification of the JAZ family of proteins that repress JA responses has facilitated rapid progress in understanding how this lipid-derived hormone controls gene expression. Recent analysis of JAZ proteins has provided insight into the nature of the JA receptor, the chemical specificity of signal perception, and cross-talk between JA and other hormone response pathways. Functional diversification of JAZ proteins by alternative splicing, together with the ability of JAZ proteins to homo- and heterodimerize, provide mechanisms to enhance combinatorial diversity and versatility in gene regulation by JA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoo Sun Chung
- DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1312
| | - Yajie Niu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340
| | - John Browse
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340
| | - Gregg A. Howe
- DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1312
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