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Liu QQ, Xia JQ, Wu J, Han Y, Zhang GQ, Zhao PX, Xiang CB. Root-derived long-distance signals trigger ABA synthesis and enhance drought resistance in Arabidopsis. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:749-761. [PMID: 38554784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Vascular plants have evolved intricate long-distance signaling mechanisms to cope with environmental stress, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) emerging as pivotal systemic signals in plant stress responses. However, the exact role of ROS as root-to-shoot signals in the drought response has not been determined. In this study, we reveal that compared with wild-type plants, ferric reductase defective 3 (frd3) mutants exhibit enhanced drought resistance concomitant with elevated NINE-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE 3 (NCED3) transcript levels and abscisic acid (ABA) contents in leaves as well as increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in roots and leaves. Grafting experiments distinctly illustrate that drought resistance can be conferred by the frd3 rootstock regardless of the scion genotype, indicating that long-distance signals originating from frd3 roots promote an increase in ABA levels in leaves. Intriguingly, the drought resistance conferred by the frd3 mutant rootstock is weakened by the CAT2-overexpressing scion, suggesting that H2O2 may be involved in long-distance signaling. Moreover, the results of comparative transcriptome and proteome analyses support the drought resistance phenotype of the frd3 mutant. Taken together, our findings substantiate the notion that frd3 root-derived long-distance signals trigger ABA synthesis in leaves and enhance drought resistance, providing new evidence for root-to-shoot long-distance signaling in the drought response of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jin-Qiu Xia
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yi Han
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Gui-Quan Zhang
- College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Ping-Xia Zhao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Cheng-Bin Xiang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Division of Molecular & Cell Biophysics, Hefei National Science Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
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2
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Berauer BJ, Steppuhn A, Schweiger AH. The multidimensionality of plant drought stress: The relative importance of edaphic and atmospheric drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38940730 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Drought threatens plant growth and related ecosystem services. The emergence of plant drought stress under edaphic drought is well studied, whilst the importance of atmospheric drought only recently gained momentum. Yet, little is known about the interaction and relative contribution of edaphic and atmospheric drought on the emergence of plant drought stress. We conducted a gradient experiment, fully crossing gravimetric water content (GWC: maximum water holding capacity-permanent wilting point) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD: 1-2.25 kPa) using five wheat varieties from three species (Triticum monococcum, T. durum & T. aestivum). We quantified the occurrence of plant drought stress on molecular (abscisic acid), cellular (stomatal conductance), organ (leaf water potential) and stand level (evapotranspiration). Plant drought stress increased with decreasing GWC across all organizational levels. This effect was magnified nonlinearly by VPD after passing a critical threshold of soil water availability. At around 20%GWC (soil matric potential 0.012 MPa), plants lost their ability to regulate leaf water potential via stomata regulation, followed by the emergence of hydraulic dysfunction. The emergence of plant drought stress is characterized by changing relative contributions of soil versus atmosphere and their non-linear interaction. This highly non-linear response is likely to abruptly alter plant-related ecosystem services in a drying world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd J Berauer
- Department of Plant Ecology, Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anke Steppuhn
- Department of Molecular Botany, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas H Schweiger
- Department of Plant Ecology, Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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3
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Li J, Liu H, Lv X, Wang W, Liang X, Chen L, Wang Y, Liu J. A key ABA biosynthetic gene OsNCED3 is a positive regulator in resistance to Nilaparvata lugens in Oryza sativa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1359315. [PMID: 38988632 PMCID: PMC11233810 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1359315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The gene encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 3 (NCED3) functions in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, plant growth and development, and tolerance to adverse temperatures, drought and saline conditions. In this study, three rice lines were used to explore the function of OsNCED3, these included an OsNCED3-overexpressing line (OsNCED3-OE), a knockdown line (osnced3-RNAi) and wild-type rice (WT). These rice lines were infested with the brown plant hopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) and examined for physiological and biochemical changes, hormone content, and defense gene expression. The results showed that OsNCED3 activated rice defense mechanisms, which led to an increased defense enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase. The overexpression of OsNCED3 decreased the number of planthoppers and reduced oviposition and BPH hatching rates. Furthermore, the overexpression of OsNCED3 increased the concentrations of jasmonic acid, jasmonyl-isoleucine and ABA relative to WT rice and the osnced3-RNAi line. These results indicate that OsNCED3 improved the stress tolerance in rice and support a role for both jasmonates and ABA as defense compounds in the rice-BPH interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Liang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinglan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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4
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Yang C, Lu J, Xiong Z, Wang B, Ren T, Cong R, Lu Z, Li X. Potassium deficiency enhances imbalances in rice water relations under water deficit by decreasing leaf hydraulic conductance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14360. [PMID: 38797869 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is an essential macronutrient for appropriate plant development and physiology. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in the regulation of leaf water relations by K under water deficit. A pot experiment with two K supplies of 0.45 and 0 g K2O per pot (3 kg soil per pot) and two watering conditions (well-watered and water-deficit) was conducted to explore the effects of K deficiency on canopy transpiration characteristics, leaf water status, photosynthesis, and hydraulic traits in two rice genotypes with contrasting resistance to drought. The results showed that K deficiency reduced canopy transpiration rate by decreasing stomatal conductance, which led to higher canopy temperatures, resulting in limited water deficit tolerance in rice. In addition, K deficiency led to further substantial reductions in leaf relative water content and water potential under water deficit, which increased the imbalance in leaf water relations under water deficit. Notably, K deficiency limited leaf gas exchange by reducing leaf hydraulic conductance, but decreased the intrinsic water use efficiency under water deficit, especially for the drought-resistant cultivar. Further analysis of the underlying process of leaf hydraulic resistance revealed that the key limiting factor of leaf hydraulic conductance under K deficiency was the outside-xylem hydraulic conductance rather than the xylem hydraulic conductance. Overall, our results provide a comprehensive perspective for assessing leaf water relations under K deficiency, water deficit, and their combined stresses, which will be useful for optimal rice fertilization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianwei Lu
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihao Xiong
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Ren
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Rihuan Cong
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhifeng Lu
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- College of Resources and Environment / Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, China
- Shuangshui Shuanglü Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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5
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Akhiyarova G, Finkina EI, Zhang K, Veselov D, Vafina G, Ovchinnikova TV, Kudoyarova G. The Long-Distance Transport of Some Plant Hormones and Possible Involvement of Lipid-Binding and Transfer Proteins in Hormonal Transport. Cells 2024; 13:364. [PMID: 38474328 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to changes in the environment depends, in part, on signaling between plant organs to integrate adaptive response at the level of the whole organism. Changes in the delivery of hormones from one organ to another through the vascular system strongly suggest that hormone transport is involved in the transmission of signals over long distances. However, there is evidence that, alternatively, systemic responses may be brought about by other kinds of signals (e.g., hydraulic or electrical) capable of inducing changes in hormone metabolism in distant organs. Long-distance transport of hormones is therefore a matter of debate. This review summarizes arguments for and against the involvement of the long-distance transport of cytokinins in signaling mineral nutrient availability from roots to the shoot. It also assesses the evidence for the role of abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonates in long-distance signaling of water deficiency and the possibility that Lipid-Binding and Transfer Proteins (LBTPs) facilitate the long-distance transport of hormones. It is assumed that proteins of this type raise the solubility of hydrophobic substances such as ABA and jasmonates in hydrophilic spaces, thereby enabling their movement in solution throughout the plant. This review collates evidence that LBTPs bind to cytokinins, ABA, and jasmonates and that cytokinins, ABA, and LBTPs are present in xylem and phloem sap and co-localize at sites of loading into vascular tissues and at sites of unloading from the phloem. The available evidence indicates a functional interaction between LBTPs and these hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Akhiyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I Finkina
- M.M. Shemyakin & Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of 10 Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Dmitriy Veselov
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Gulnara Vafina
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Ovchinnikova
- M.M. Shemyakin & Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Guzel Kudoyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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6
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Kudoyarova G. Special Issue "Phytohormones: Important Participators in Plant Growth and Development". Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1380. [PMID: 38338660 PMCID: PMC10855094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The articles published in the IJMS Special Issue "Phytohormones" are devoted to various aspects of hormonal control of plant growth and development promoting adaptation to normal and stress conditions [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Kudoyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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7
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Pecherina A, Dimitrieva A, Mudrilov M, Ladeynova M, Zanegina D, Brilkina A, Vodeneev V. Salt-Induced Early Changes in Photosynthesis Activity Caused by Root-to-Shoot Signaling in Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1229. [PMID: 38279229 PMCID: PMC10816847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most dangerous types of stress in agriculture. Acting on the root, salinity causes changes in physiological processes in the shoot, especially photosynthesis, which is crucial for plant productivity. In our study, we used potato plants, the most important crop, to investigate the role of salt-induced signals in changes in photosynthesis activity. We found a salt-induced polyphasic decrease in photosynthesis activity, and the earliest phase started several minutes after salt addition. We found that salt addition triggered rapid hydraulic and calcium waves from root to shoot, which occurred earlier than the first phase of the photosynthesis response. The inhibition of calcium signals by lanthanum decreased with the formation of rapid changes in photosynthesis. In addition to this, a comparison of the characteristic times of signal propagation and the formation of a response revealed the role of calcium waves in the modulation of rapid changes in photosynthesis. Calcium waves are activated by the ionic component of salinity. The salt-induced decrease in transpiration corresponds in time to the second phase of the photosynthetic response, and it can be the cause of this change. The accumulation of sodium in the leaves occurs a few hours after salt addition, and it can be the cause of the long-term suppression of photosynthesis. Thus, salinity modulates photosynthetic activity in plants in different ways: both through the activation of rapid distant signals and by reducing the water input and sodium accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pecherina
- Department of Biophysics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Anastasia Dimitrieva
- Department of Biophysics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Maxim Mudrilov
- Department of Biophysics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Maria Ladeynova
- Department of Biophysics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Daria Zanegina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Brilkina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Vladimir Vodeneev
- Department of Biophysics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (M.L.)
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8
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Yang Y, Ma X, Yan L, Li Y, Wei S, Teng Z, Zhang H, Tang W, Peng S, Li Y. Soil-root interface hydraulic conductance determines responses of photosynthesis to drought in rice and wheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:376-390. [PMID: 37706538 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) production consumes a huge amount of fresh water, and improvement of drought tolerance in rice is important to conserve water resources and minimize yield loss under drought. However, processes to improve drought tolerance in rice have not been fully explored, and a comparative study between rice and wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an effective method to understand the mechanisms determining drought tolerance capacity. In the present study, we applied short-term drought stress to Shanyou 63 rice and Yannong 19 wheat to create a range of water potentials and investigated the responses of gas exchange, plant hydraulic conductance, and root morphological and anatomical traits to soil drought. We found that photosynthesis in rice was more sensitive to drought stress than that in wheat, which was related to differences in the decline of stomatal conductance and plant hydraulic conductance (Kplant). The decline of Kplant under drought was mainly driven by the decrease of soil-root interface hydraulic conductance (Ki) because Ki was more sensitive to drought than root and shoot hydraulic conductance and the soil-root interface contributed to >40% of whole-plant hydraulic resistance in both crops. Root shrinkage in response to drought was more severe in rice than that in wheat, which explains the larger depression of Ki and Kplant under drought stress in rice. We concluded that the decline of Ki drives the depression of Kplant and photosynthesis in both crops, and the plasticity of root morphology and anatomy is important in determining drought tolerance capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaolin Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lu Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yingchao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Suhan Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhipeng Teng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Wei Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Shaobing Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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9
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Russo G, Capitanio S, Trasoletti M, Morabito C, Korwin Krukowski P, Visentin I, Genre A, Schubert A, Cardinale F. Strigolactones promote the localization of the ABA exporter ABCG25 at the plasma membrane in root epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5881-5895. [PMID: 37519212 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormones strigolactones crosstalk with abscisic acid (ABA) in acclimation to osmotic stress, as ascertained in leaves. However, our knowledge about underground tissues is limited, and lacking in Arabidopsis: whether strigolactones affect ABA transport across plasma membranes has never been addressed. We evaluated the effect of strigolactones on the localization of ATP BINDING CASSETTE G25 (ABCG25), an ABA exporter in Arabidopsis thaliana. Wild-type, strigolactone-insensitive, and strigolactone-depleted seedlings expressing a green fluorescent protein:ABCG25 construct were treated with ABA or strigolactones, and green fluorescent protein was quantified by confocal microscopy in different subcellular compartments of epidermal root cells. We show that strigolactones promote the localization of an ABA transporter at the plasma membrane by enhancing its endosomal recycling. Genotypes altered in strigolactone synthesis or perception are not impaired in ABCG25 recycling promotion by ABA, which acts downstream or independent of strigolactones in this respect. Additionally, we confirm that osmotic stress decreases strigolactone synthesis in A. thaliana root cells, and that this decrease may support local ABA retention under low water availability by allowing ABCG25 internalization. Thus, we propose a new mechanism for ABA homeostasis regulation in the context of osmotic stress acclimation: the fine-tuning by strigolactones of ABCG25 localization in root cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Russo
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Serena Capitanio
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
- DBIOS, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Trasoletti
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Cristina Morabito
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Paolo Korwin Krukowski
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Ivan Visentin
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Andrea Genre
- DBIOS, University of Turin, Viale Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Schubert
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Francesca Cardinale
- PlantStressLab, DISAFA, University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
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10
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Chang PE, Wu YH, Tai CY, Lin IH, Wang WD, Tseng TS, Chuang HW. Examining the Transcriptomic and Biochemical Signatures of Bacillus subtilis Strains: Impacts on Plant Growth and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13720. [PMID: 37762026 PMCID: PMC10531026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizobacteria from various ecological niches display variations in physiological characteristics. This study investigates the transcriptome profiling of two Bacillus subtilis strains, BsCP1 and BsPG1, each isolated from distinct environments. Gene expression linked to the synthesis of seven types of antibiotic compounds was detected in both BsCP1 and BsPG1 cultures. Among these, the genes associated with plipastatin synthesis were predominantly expressed in both bacterial strains. However, genes responsible for the synthesis of polyketide, subtilosin, and surfactin showed distinct transcriptional patterns. Additionally, genes involved in producing exopolysaccharides (EPS) showed higher expression levels in BsPG1 than in BsCP1. Consistently with this, a greater quantity of EPS was found in the BsPG1 culture compared to BsCP1. Both bacterial strains exhibited similar effects on Arabidopsis seedlings, promoting root branching and increasing seedling fresh weight. However, BsPG1 was a more potent enhancer of drought, heat, and copper stress tolerance than BsCP1. Treatment with BsPG1 had a greater impact on improving survival rates, increasing starch accumulation, and stabilizing chlorophyll content during the post-stress stage. qPCR analysis was used to measure transcriptional changes in Arabidopsis seedlings in response to BsCP1 and BsPG1 treatment. The results show that both bacterial strains had a similar impact on the expression of genes involved in the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. Likewise, genes associated with stress response, root development, and disease resistance showed comparable responses to both bacterial strains. However, treatment with BsCP1 and BsPG1 induced distinct activation of genes associated with the ABA signaling pathway. The results of this study demonstrate that bacterial strains from different ecological environments have varying abilities to produce beneficial metabolites for plant growth. Apart from the SA and JA signaling pathways, ABA signaling triggered by PGPR bacterial strains could play a crucial role in building an effective resistance to various abiotic stresses in the plants they colonize.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tong-Seung Tseng
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan (C.-Y.T.); (I.-H.L.)
| | - Huey-wen Chuang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan (C.-Y.T.); (I.-H.L.)
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11
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Tulva I, Välbe M, Merilo E. Plants lacking OST1 show conditional stomatal closure and wildtype-like growth sensitivity at high VPD. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14030. [PMID: 37882302 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-associated rise in VPD (atmospheric vapor pressure deficit) results in increased plant transpiration and reduced stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, biomass, and yield. High VPD-induced stomatal closure of Arabidopsis is an active process regulated via the kinase SnRK2.6 (OPEN STOMATA 1, OST1). Here, we performed gas exchange, leaf water potential and rosette growth measurements to study, whether (1) high VPD-induced stomatal closure is detected in plants carrying loss-of-function mutations in OST1 (ost1-3) when they are grown at reduced soil water content or measured at increased air temperature; (2) ost1-3 plants expressing OST1 construct with no ABA-activation domain, but intact ABA-independent activation, show stronger stomatal VPD response compared with ost1-3 plants; and (3) rosette area and biomass of ost1-3 are more affected by growth at high VPD compared with Col-0. The stomata of well-watered ost1-3 plants were insensitive to high VPD regardless of air temperature, but in deficit-irrigated ost1-3, leaf water potential decreased the most and stomata closed at high VPD. Differences between VPD-induced stomatal closures of ost1-3 plants and ost1-3 plants expressing OST1 with no ABA-activation domain point at gradual VPD-induced ABA-independent activation of OST1. High VPD conditions led to similar reductions in rosette area and specific leaf area of well-watered Col-0 and ost1-3 plants. Rosette dry mass was unaffected by high VPD. Our results show that OST1 loss-of-function plants display conditional stomatal closure and no extra sensitivity of rosette area growth compared with Col-0 wildtype under high VPD conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Tulva
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mikk Välbe
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ebe Merilo
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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12
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Daldoul S, Gargouri M, Weinert C, Jarrar A, Egert B, Mliki A, Nick P. A Tunisian wild grape leads to metabolic fingerprints of salt tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:371-388. [PMID: 37226320 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is progressively impacting agriculture, including viticulture. Identification of genetic factors rendering grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) resilience that can be introgressed into commercial varieties is necessary for safeguarding viticulture against the consequences of global climate change. To gain insight into the physiological and metabolic responses enabling salt tolerance, we compared a salt-tolerant accession of Vitis sylvestris from Tunisia, "Tebaba", with "1103 Paulsen" rootstock widely used in the Mediterranean. Salt stress was slowly increased, simulating the situation of an irrigated vineyard. We determined that "Tebaba" does not sequester sodium in the root but can cope with salinity through robust redox homeostasis. This is linked with rechanneling of metabolic pathways toward antioxidants and compatible osmolytes, buffering photosynthesis, such that cell-wall breakdown can be avoided. We propose that salt tolerance of this wild grapevine cannot be attributed to a single genetic factor but emerges from favorable metabolic fluxes that are mutually supportive. We suggest that introgression of "Tebaba" into commercial varieties is preferred over the use of "Tebaba" as a rootstock for improving salt tolerance in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Daldoul
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Borj-Cedria PC5G+PV6, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Borj-Cedria PC5G+PV6, Tunisia
| | - Christoph Weinert
- Institute for Safety and Quality in Fruits and Vegetables, Max-Rubner Institute for Nutrition, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Ali Jarrar
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Gottlied Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Björn Egert
- Institute for Safety and Quality in Fruits and Vegetables, Max-Rubner Institute for Nutrition, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Borj-Cedria PC5G+PV6, Tunisia
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Gottlied Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
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13
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Byrt CS, Zhang RY, Magrath I, Chan KX, De Rosa A, McGaughey S. Exploring aquaporin functions during changes in leaf water potential. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1213454. [PMID: 37615024 PMCID: PMC10442719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1213454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of optimal leaf tissue humidity is important for plant productivity and food security. Leaf humidity is influenced by soil and atmospheric water availability, by transpiration and by the coordination of water flux across cell membranes throughout the plant. Flux of water and solutes across plant cell membranes is influenced by the function of aquaporin proteins. Plants have numerous aquaporin proteins required for a multitude of physiological roles in various plant tissues and the membrane flux contribution of each aquaporin can be regulated by changes in protein abundance, gating, localisation, post-translational modifications, protein:protein interactions and aquaporin stoichiometry. Resolving which aquaporins are candidates for influencing leaf humidity and determining how their regulation impacts changes in leaf cell solute flux and leaf cavity humidity is challenging. This challenge involves resolving the dynamics of the cell membrane aquaporin abundance, aquaporin sub-cellular localisation and location-specific post-translational regulation of aquaporins in membranes of leaf cells during plant responses to changes in water availability and determining the influence of cell signalling on aquaporin permeability to a range of relevant solutes, as well as determining aquaporin influence on cell signalling. Here we review recent developments, current challenges and suggest open opportunities for assessing the role of aquaporins in leaf substomatal cavity humidity regulation.
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14
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Mondal S, Chakraborty D. Root growth and physiological responses in wheat to topsoil and subsoil compaction with or without artificial vertical macropores. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18834. [PMID: 37576250 PMCID: PMC10415892 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of soil compaction can cause various stresses on roots, ultimately limiting their growth and development within the soil. Understanding this phenomenon in real-world conditions can be challenging since the growth of roots is influenced by the soil environment. To investigate this issue, four experiments were conducted to examine the impact of topsoil (two in pots: with clay loam and sandy loam soils under two soil water regimes) and subsoil (in rhizobox: one with clay loam soil and the other with sandy loam soil, containing artificial vertical macropores) compaction on the relationship between edaphic factors and the physiological response of wheat roots. The topsoil compaction reduced root length, volume, and weight by 30-50% and the root diameter by ∼15% compared to the non-compact soil. The effect was reduced in the soil with higher clay content (clay loam), especially under the limited soil water condition. Plant physiological responses were adversely affected by compaction with a reduction in plant height. The transpiration rate was highly impacted (21-47% reduction) with the build-up of intercellular CO2 content in leaves (13-31%), especially with limited water applications. Root growth was severely restricted (>60%) in the compact subsoil layer, although the surface area and volume of roots increased in the overlying non-compact layer. Naturally occurring or artificial vertical macropores acted as escape channels, facilitating the roots to pass through the compact subsoil and grow abundantly in the loose soil below. However, plants in field conditions encounter a mix of loose and compact soil zones. By studying how roots respond to this soil heterogeneity, we can develop strategies to reduce the negative effects of soil compaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debashis Chakraborty
- Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
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15
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Cataldo E, Fucile M, Manzi D, Masini CM, Doni S, Mattii GB. Sustainable Soil Management: Effects of Clinoptilolite and Organic Compost Soil Application on Eco-Physiology, Quercitin, and Hydroxylated, Methoxylated Anthocyanins on Vitis vinifera. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:708. [PMID: 36840056 PMCID: PMC9967315 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and compostinS1g methods have an important junction on the phenological and ripening grapevine phases. Moreover, the optimization of these composting methods in closed-loop corporate chains can skillfully address the waste problem (pomace, stalks, and pruning residues) in viticultural areas. Owing to the ongoing global warming, in many wine-growing regions, there has been unbalanced ripening, with tricky harvests. Excessive temperatures in fact impoverish the anthocyanin amount of the must while the serious water deficits do not allow a correct development of the berry, stopping its growth processes. This experiment was created to improve the soil management and the quality of the grapes, through the application of a new land conditioner (Zeowine) to the soil, derived from the compost processes of industrial wine, waste, and zeolite. Three treatments on a Sangiovese vineyard were conducted: Zeowine (ZW) (30 tons per ha), Zeolite (Z) (10 tons per ha), and Compost (C) (20 tons per ha). During the two seasons (2021-2022), measurements were made of single-leaf gas exchange and leaf midday water potential, as well as chlorophyll fluorescence. In addition, the parameters of plant yield, yeast assimilable nitrogen, technological maturity, fractionation of anthocyanins (Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Delphinidin-3-glucoside, Malvidin-3-acetylglucoside, Malvidin-3-cumarylglucoside, Malvidin-3-glucoside, Peonidin-3-acetylglucoside, Peonidin-3-cumarylglucoside, Peonidin-3-glucoside, and Petunidin-3-glucoside), Caffeic Acid, Coumaric Acid, Gallic Acid, Ferulic Acid, Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, Quercetin-3-O-glucoside, Quercetin-3-O-galactoside, and Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide were analyzed. The Zeowine and zeolite showed less negative water potential, higher photosynthesis, and lower leaf temperature. Furthermore, they showed higher levels of anthocyanin accumulation and a lower level of quercetin. Finally, the interaction of the beneficial results of Zeowine (soil and grapevines) was evidenced by the embellishment of the nutritional and water efficiency, the minimizing of the need for fertilizers, the closure of the production cycle of waste material from the supply chain, and the improvement of the quality of the wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cataldo
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Maddalena Fucile
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | | | | | - Serena Doni
- CNR IRET, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Giovan Battista Mattii
- DAGRI, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry Sciences and Technologies, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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16
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Guo J, Li S, Brestic M, Li N, Zhang P, Liu L, Li X. Modulations in protein phosphorylation explain the physiological responses of barley (Hordeum vulgare) to nanoplastics and ZnO nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130196. [PMID: 36272376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To address the knowledge gap on the effects of the co-existence of nanomaterials on plant growth, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants were irrigated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (0.5 g L-1), nanoplastics (1 g L-1), and the combination of these two nanomaterials for 10 days. The co-existence of nanoplastics and ZnO nanoparticles increased H2O2 concentration by 12.76% and 38.30%, compared with the ZnO nanoparticles and nanoplastics exposure. The concentration of abscisic acid (ABA) in plants under the co-existence of nanoplastics and ZnO nanoparticles was 29.53% and 10.42% higher than that in ZnO nanoparticles treated plants and nanoplastics treated plants. The global analysis of phosphoproteomics identified 132 phosphorylated proteins and 173 phosphorylation sites in barley leaves exposed to the nanomaterial combination, which were related to photosynthesis, carbon fixation, nitrogen metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolisms. Further physiological analysis indicated that the combination of ZnO nanoparticles and nanoplastics caused larger damage to the systems of antioxidant and carbohydrate metabolisms as exemplified by decreased activities of apoplastic peroxidases (25.10%-48.60%), glutathione reductase (91.07%-94.94%), and sucrose synthase (53.59%-61.19%) in roots and increased cell wall invertase activity (12.97%-17.61%) in leaves, compared with the single nanomaterial treatments. These results indicate that the modulations in protein phosphorylation were closely related to the physiological responses to nanomaterial exposure, suggesting that the co-existence of nanomaterials may lead to greater impacts than single ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural University, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic; Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Engineering Laboratory for Eco-agriculture in Water Source of Liaoheyuan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
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17
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Hu F, Ye Z, Zhang W, Fang D, Cao J. Decipher the molecular evolution and expression patterns of Cupin family genes in oilseed rape. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:437-452. [PMID: 36549611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cupin proteins are involved in plant growth and development as well as in response to various stresses. Here, a total of 173 Cupin genes were identified in Brassica napus, and their molecular evolution and expression patterns were analyzed. These genes were classified into ten groups. Motif and exon-intron structure indicated a high degree of conservation within each group during evolution. BnaCupins were distributed on 19 chromosomes and their expansion is mainly contributed by whole-genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication events. BnaCupins have undergone severe purifying selection during a long evolutionary process. Meanwhile, some positive selection sites were identified. Expression patterns and cis-element analysis indicated that BnaCupins play significant roles in plant growth and stress responses. In addition, the expression levels of some BnCupins were significantly altered when treated with different conditions (cold, salt, drought, IAA, ABA, and 6-BA). Some BnaCupin interacting proteins, such as glycosyl hydrolase5 (GHs5), carbohydrate kinase (CHKs), ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase (ATP-PFK), S-adenosylmethionine synthase (S-MAT), and aldolase class II (ALD II), were identified by the protein-protein interaction network. It will contribute to enriching our knowledge of the Cupin gene family in B. napus and provide a basis for further studies of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyi Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weimeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Da Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Verslues PE, Bailey-Serres J, Brodersen C, Buckley TN, Conti L, Christmann A, Dinneny JR, Grill E, Hayes S, Heckman RW, Hsu PK, Juenger TE, Mas P, Munnik T, Nelissen H, Sack L, Schroeder JI, Testerink C, Tyerman SD, Umezawa T, Wigge PA. Burning questions for a warming and changing world: 15 unknowns in plant abiotic stress. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:67-108. [PMID: 36018271 PMCID: PMC9806664 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We present unresolved questions in plant abiotic stress biology as posed by 15 research groups with expertise spanning eco-physiology to cell and molecular biology. Common themes of these questions include the need to better understand how plants detect water availability, temperature, salinity, and rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels; how environmental signals interface with endogenous signaling and development (e.g. circadian clock and flowering time); and how this integrated signaling controls downstream responses (e.g. stomatal regulation, proline metabolism, and growth versus defense balance). The plasma membrane comes up frequently as a site of key signaling and transport events (e.g. mechanosensing and lipid-derived signaling, aquaporins). Adaptation to water extremes and rising CO2 affects hydraulic architecture and transpiration, as well as root and shoot growth and morphology, in ways not fully understood. Environmental adaptation involves tradeoffs that limit ecological distribution and crop resilience in the face of changing and increasingly unpredictable environments. Exploration of plant diversity within and among species can help us know which of these tradeoffs represent fundamental limits and which ones can be circumvented by bringing new trait combinations together. Better defining what constitutes beneficial stress resistance in different contexts and making connections between genes and phenotypes, and between laboratory and field observations, are overarching challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Craig Brodersen
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Thomas N Buckley
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Lucio Conti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Alexander Christmann
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan 85354, Germany
| | - José R Dinneny
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Erwin Grill
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan 85354, Germany
| | - Scott Hayes
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Heckman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Po-Kai Hsu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Thomas E Juenger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Paloma Mas
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Teun Munnik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Green Life Sciences Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam NL-1098XH, The Netherlands
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Julian I Schroeder
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Christa Testerink
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen D Tyerman
- ARC Center Excellence, Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Taishi Umezawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 6708 PB, Japan
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Großbeeren 14979, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
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19
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Dubbert M, Couvreur V, Kübert A, Werner C. Plant water uptake modelling: added value of cross-disciplinary approaches. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:32-42. [PMID: 36245305 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, research interest in plant water uptake strategies has rapidly increased in many disciplines, such as hydrology, plant ecology and ecophysiology. Quantitative modelling approaches to estimate plant water uptake and spatiotemporal dynamics have significantly advanced through different disciplines across scales. Despite this progress, major limitations, for example, predicting plant water uptake under drought or drought impact at large scales, remain. These are less attributed to limitations in process understanding, but rather to a lack of implementation of cross-disciplinary insights into plant water uptake model structure. The main goal of this review is to highlight how the four dominant model approaches, that is, Feddes approach, hydrodynamic approach, optimality and statistical approaches, can be and have been used to create interdisciplinary hybrid models enabling a holistic system understanding that, among other things, embeds plant water uptake plasticity into a broader conceptual view of soil-plant feedbacks of water, nutrient and carbon cycling, or reflects observed drought responses of plant-soil feedbacks and their dynamics under, that is, drought. Specifically, we provide examples of how integration of Bayesian and hydrodynamic approaches might overcome challenges in interpreting plant water uptake related to different travel and residence times of different plant water sources or trade-offs between root system optimization to forage for water and nutrients during different seasons and phenological stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dubbert
- Isotope Biogeochemistry and Gasfluxes, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
- Ecosystem Physiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - V Couvreur
- Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - A Kübert
- Ecosystem Physiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Werner
- Ecosystem Physiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Differential photosynthetic responses in Riccia gangetica under heat, cold, salinity, submergence, and UV-B stresses. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2022.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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21
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Gorgues L, Li X, Maurel C, Martinière A, Nacry P. Root osmotic sensing from local perception to systemic responses. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:36. [PMID: 37676549 PMCID: PMC10442022 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants face a constantly changing environment, requiring fine tuning of their growth and development. Plants have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress conditions. One striking example is root response to water deficit. Upon drought (which causes osmotic stress to cells), plants can among other responses alter locally their root system architecture (hydropatterning) or orientate their root growth to optimize water uptake (hydrotropism). They can also modify their hydraulic properties, metabolism and development coordinately at the whole root and plant levels. Upstream of these developmental and physiological changes, plant roots must perceive and transduce signals for water availability. Here, we review current knowledge on plant osmotic perception and discuss how long distance signaling can play a role in signal integration, leading to the great phenotypic plasticity of roots and plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Gorgues
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Xuelian Li
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Maurel
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Philippe Nacry
- IPSiM, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34060 Montpellier, France
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22
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Davidson KJ, Lamour J, Rogers A, Serbin SP. Late-day measurement of excised branches results in uncertainty in the estimation of two stomatal parameters derived from response curves in Populus deltoides Bartr. × Populus nigra L. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1377-1395. [PMID: 35134232 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many terrestrial biosphere models depend on an understanding of the relationship between stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. However, unlike the measurement of photosynthetic parameters, such as the maximum carboxylation capacity, where standard methods (e.g., CO2 response or ACi curves) are widely accepted, a consensus method for empirically measuring parameters representing stomatal response has not yet emerged. Most models of stomatal response to environment represent stomatal conductance as being bounded by a lower intercept parameter (g0), and linearly scaled based on a multivariate term described by the stomatal slope parameter (g1). Here we employ the widely used Unified Stomatal Optimization model, to test whether g1 and g0 parameters are impacted by the choice of measurement method, either on an intact branch or a cut branch segment stored in water. We measured paired stomatal response curves on intact and excised branches of a hybrid poplar clone (Populus deltoides Bartr. × Populus nigra L. OP367), measured twice over a diurnal period. We found that predawn branch excision did not significantly affect measured g0 and g1 when measured within 4 h of excision. Measurement in the afternoon resulted in significantly higher values of g1 and lower values of g0, with values changing by 55% and 56%, respectively. Excision combined with afternoon measurement resulted in a marked effect on parameter estimates, with g1 increasing 89% from morning to afternoon and a 25% lower g1 for cut branches than those measured in situ. We also show that in hybrid poplar the differences in parameter estimates obtained from plants measured under different conditions can directly impact models of canopy function, reducing modeled transpiration by 18% over a simulated 12.5-h period. Although these results are only for a single isohydric woody species, our findings suggest that stomatal optimality parameters may not remain constant throughout the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth J Davidson
- Department of Environmental and Climate Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, 650 Life Sciences Building, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Julien Lamour
- Department of Environmental and Climate Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Alistair Rogers
- Department of Environmental and Climate Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Shawn P Serbin
- Department of Environmental and Climate Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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23
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Ren C, Kuang Y, Lin Y, Guo Y, Li H, Fan P, Li S, Liang Z. Overexpression of grape ABA receptor gene VaPYL4 enhances tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:271. [PMID: 35655129 PMCID: PMC9161562 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03663-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in abiotic stress responses. The pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/PYR-like (PYL)/regulatory component of ABA receptor (RCAR) proteins that have been characterized as ABA receptors function as the core components in ABA signaling pathway. However, the functions of grape PYL genes in response to different abiotic stresses, particularly cold stress, remain less studied. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the expression profiles of grape PYL genes upon cold treatment and isolated the VaPYL4 gene from Vitis amurensis, a cold-hardy grape species. Overexpression of VaPYL4 gene in grape calli and Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced cold tolerance. Moreover, plant resistance to drought and salt stress was also improved by overexpressing VaPYL4 in Arabidopsis. More importantly, we evaluated the contribution of VaPYL4 to plant growth and development after the treatment with cold, salt and drought stress simultaneously. The transgenic plants showed higher survival rates, earlier flowering phenotype, and heavier fresh weight of seedlings and siliques when compared with wild-type plants. Physiological analyses showed that transgenic plants had much lower content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and higher peroxidase (POD) activity. Stress-responsive genes such as RD29A (Responsive to desiccation 29A), COR15A (Cold responsive 15A) and KIN2 (Kinase 2) were also significantly up-regulated in VaPYL4-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that overexpression of VaPYL4 could improve plant performance upon different abiotic stresses, which therefore provides a useful strategy for engineering future crops to deal with adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangfu Kuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanping Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huayang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxin Village 20, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093 People’s Republic of China
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24
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Miranda MT, Espinoza-Núñez E, Silva SF, Pereira L, Hayashi AH, Boscariol-Camargo RL, Carvalho SA, Machado EC, Ribeiro RV. Water stress signaling and hydraulic traits in three congeneric citrus species under water deficit. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 319:111255. [PMID: 35487664 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Morpho-physiological strategies to deal with water deficit vary among citrus species and the chemical signaling through ABA and anatomical, hydraulic, and physiological traits were evaluated in saplings of Rangpur lime, Swingle citrumelo and Valencia sweet orange. Trunk and roots of Swingle citrumelo presented lower vessel diameter and higher vessel frequency as compared to the other species. However, relative water content at the turgor loss point (RWCTLP), the osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψ0), the osmotic potential at the turgor loss point (ΨTLP), bulk modulus of elasticity (ε) and the xylem water potential when hydraulic conductivity is reduced by 50% (Ψ50) and 88% (Ψ88) indicated similar hydraulic traits among citrus species, with Rangpur lime showing the highest hydraulic safety margin. Roots of Rangpur lime and Swingle citrumelo were more water conductive than ones of Valencia sweet orange, which was linked to higher stomatal conductance. Chemical signaling through ABA prevented shoot dehydration in Rangpur lime under water deficit, with this species showing a more conservative stomatal behavior, sensing, and responding rapidly to low soil moisture. Taken together, our results suggest that Rangpur lime - the drought tolerant species - has an improved control of leaf water status due to chemical signaling and effective stomatal regulation for reducing water loss as well as decreased root hydraulic conductivity for saving water resources under limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela T Miranda
- Agronomic Institute (IAC), Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", P.O. Box 28, Campinas 13012-970, SP, Brazil; University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Crop Physiology, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Erick Espinoza-Núñez
- Agronomic Institute (IAC), Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", P.O. Box 28, Campinas 13012-970, SP, Brazil; Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM), Department of Horticulture, La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Simone F Silva
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Crop Physiology, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Pereira
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Crop Physiology, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; Ulm University, Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Adriana H Hayashi
- Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Anatomia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio A Carvalho
- Agronomic Institute (IAC), Center of Citriculture Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Machado
- Agronomic Institute (IAC), Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", P.O. Box 28, Campinas 13012-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael V Ribeiro
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Crop Physiology, P.O. Box 6109, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Plant hormones are signalling compounds that regulate crucial aspects of growth, development and environmental stress responses. Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heat, cold and flooding, have profound effects on plant growth and survival. Adaptation and tolerance to such stresses require sophisticated sensing, signalling and stress response mechanisms. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in understanding how diverse plant hormones control abiotic stress responses in plants and highlight points of hormonal crosstalk during abiotic stress signalling. Control mechanisms and stress responses mediated by plant hormones including abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene and gibberellins are discussed. We discuss new insights into osmotic stress sensing and signalling mechanisms, hormonal control of gene regulation and plant development during stress, hormone-regulated submergence tolerance and stomatal movements. We further explore how innovative imaging approaches are providing insights into single-cell and tissue hormone dynamics. Understanding stress tolerance mechanisms opens new opportunities for agricultural applications.
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26
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Valenzuela FJ, Reineke D, Leventini D, Chen CCL, Barrett-Lennard EG, Colmer TD, Dodd IC, Shabala S, Brown P, Bazihizina N. Plant responses to heterogeneous salinity: agronomic relevance and research priorities. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:499-518. [PMID: 35171228 PMCID: PMC9007098 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil salinity, in both natural and managed environments, is highly heterogeneous, and understanding how plants respond to this spatiotemporal heterogeneity is increasingly important for sustainable agriculture in the era of global climate change. While the vast majority of research on crop response to salinity utilizes homogeneous saline conditions, a much smaller, but important, effort has been made in the past decade to understand plant molecular and physiological responses to heterogeneous salinity mainly by using split-root studies. These studies have begun to unravel how plants compensate for water/nutrient deprivation and limit salt stress by optimizing root-foraging in the most favourable parts of the soil. SCOPE This paper provides an overview of the patterns of salinity heterogeneity in rain-fed and irrigated systems. We then discuss results from split-root studies and the recent progress in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms regulating plant responses to heterogeneous root-zone salinity and nutrient conditions. We focus on mechanisms by which plants (salt/nutrient sensing, root-shoot signalling and water uptake) could optimize the use of less-saline patches within the root-zone, thereby enhancing growth under heterogeneous soil salinity conditions. Finally, we place these findings in the context of defining future research priorities, possible irrigation management and crop breeding opportunities to improve productivity from salt-affected lands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Reineke
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dante Leventini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Edward G Barrett-Lennard
- Land Management Group, Agriculture Discipline, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Timothy D Colmer
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Ian C Dodd
- The Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Patrick Brown
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nadia Bazihizina
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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27
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Vanderstraeten L, Sanchez-Muñoz R, Depaepe T, Auwelaert F, Van Der Straeten D. Mix-and-match: an improved, fast and accessible protocol for hypocotyl micrografting of Arabidopsis seedlings with systemic ACC responses as a case study. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:24. [PMID: 35246176 PMCID: PMC8896378 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grafting is a technique widely used in horticulture that also has been applied in agriculture. In plant physiology, grafting facilitates the elucidation of mechanisms underlying growth and developmental processes, through the construction of chimeric plants with organs of different genotypes. Despite its small size, the model species Arabidopsis thaliana is very amenable for grafting, which can be useful to investigate transport of nutrients, amino acids or secondary metabolites between different tissues, or to investigate developmental processes depending on root-to-shoot communication, such as shoot branching, root and shoot plasticity upon shade avoidance, or disease resistance. Nevertheless, grafting protocols are usually technically challenging and training is required to achieve a reasonable success rate. Additionally, specialized tools and equipment are often needed, such as chips to accommodate the grafted plantlets or collars to maintain the contact between root and shoot. RESULTS In this methodology paper, we provide a fast, easy, accessible, and specialized equipment-free protocol that enables high success ratios. Critical steps and notes are detailed, easing the implementation of the procedure for non-trained researchers. An example of the protocol application by three independent non-trained researchers shows that this method allows to achieve a 90-100% of grafting efficiency after 6 days post-grafting recovery. In addition, the grafting of Col-0 with the acs8x mutant, depleted in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), the biosynthetic precursor of the phytohormone ethylene, provides an example of the application of this optimized protocol, showing the suitability of the process to study long-distance transport processes. CONCLUSIONS We present an optimized protocol for hypocotyl grafting of 4-day-old Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The combination of conditions yields a grafting success of 90-100% and provides an easy and accessible methodology, reducing the time frame, and without the necessity of acquiring specialized equipment. The presented protocol is simple, fast and highly efficient, easing the inclusion of hypocotyl grafting assays in any research project. In addition, the description of the protocol is detailed to a level ensuring that even non-trained researchers, are sufficiently prepared to adopt the grafting methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vanderstraeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Sanchez-Muñoz
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - T Depaepe
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Auwelaert
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium.
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28
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Okamoto H, Kitamura S, Masaki N. Activation of the root xylem proton pump by hydraulic signals from leaves under suppressed transpiration. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2022; 135:311-322. [PMID: 35075591 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long term field observations have revealed that the inhibition of transpiration by heavy rainfall promotes immediate positive shift in the trans-root electric potential (TRP), indicating activation of the xylem proton pump in the tree root system presumably participating in acropetal water transport. This phenomenon is indicative of signal transmission from the aerial part to the root system via change in the xylem hydraulic pressure. To test this hypothesis, we constructed a new device that enables the simultaneous recording of artificially applied xylem hydraulic pressure and the change in the TRP of tree saplings. With the application of artificial pressure to the xylem vessels (20-62 kPa), TRP shifted towards positive potential by 20-80 mV, which indicates the activation of the proton pump in the root xylem. The reaction was observed in 11 tree species, six deciduous and five evergreen, although only during the resting phase of the xylem proton pump (May to October) when the transpiration rates were high. Contrastingly the application of tension (negative pressure) produced no reaction. Simultaneous determination of the two components of the TRP, i.e. Vps (electric membrane potential difference across root surface cell membrane) and Vpx (electric membrane potential difference between root symplast and xylem vessel), are performed using the intra-cellular micro-electrode technique throughout the four seasons. Application of excess xylem hydraulic pressure had no significant effect on Vps, while it brought about hyper-polarisation of Vpx except during the winter season, most significantly during summer when transpiration is vigorous and the xylem pump is in a resting state. Such effect of excess xylem pressure was, however, not observed under anoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Okamoto
- Mori Laboratory of Plant Physiology, 443-5 Enden Mori, Shizuoka, 437-0221, Japan.
| | - Sayaka Kitamura
- Mori Laboratory of Plant Physiology, 443-5 Enden Mori, Shizuoka, 437-0221, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Masaki
- Masaki Laboratory of Arboriculture, 729-2 Higashihara Iwata, Shizuoka, 438-0802, Japan
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29
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Live Imaging of Abscisic Acid Dynamics Using Genetically Encoded Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET )-Based ABA Biosensors. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2462:135-154. [PMID: 35152386 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2156-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates various aspects of plant physiology, growth, and development to maintain a balanced plant water status. Cellular ABA levels are regulated through the combined activities of biosynthesis, catabolism, and transport proteins and depend on the developmental stage, the cell-type and on environmental conditions. Genetically encoded Förster (fluorescence) Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based ABA-responsive biosensors enable the direct monitoring of ABA dynamics in intact plants. Thus, ABA biosensor-based in vivo imaging can provide novel insights about the spatiotemporal patterns of biosynthesis- and transport-dependent ABA dynamics that are required for the regulation of seed dormancy and germination, root growth and hydrotropism, and stomatal closure under water limiting conditions. Here, I describe a protocol for the in vivo analysis of ABA in 5-day-old Arabidopsis seedlings (roots) expressing the FRET-based ABA biosensor ABAleonSD1-3L21.
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30
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Kang J. ABA Transport Assay in Plant Single-Cell System. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2462:71-84. [PMID: 35152381 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2156-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compare with long history of the abscisic acid (ABA) study, our knowledge of ABA transporters is quite recent. This is due to at least one reason: ABA is a weak acid, and thus, it exists in either protonated form or in anionic form depending on the surrounding pH relative to its pKa value. Because the protonated form of ABA can permeate the cell membrane, it would foreclose a specific uptake transporter of ABA. Notwithstanding this theoretical base, ABA transporters belonging to different protein families have been reported a decade ago, steadily. A critical point of the identification of novel ABA transporters is to prove their transport activity. To do this, heterologous expression system is considered first as a facility of transport activity analysis. However, it is difficult to overexpress membrane proteins in their functional state in heterologous system. They have the tendency to aggregate and produce inclusion bodies caused by mistargeting. Thus, in this chapter, I describe the method of ABA transport assay based on single-cell system originated from plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Kang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB), POSTECH (Pohang University of Science and Technology), Pohang, South Korea.
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31
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Gupta K, Wani SH, Razzaq A, Skalicky M, Samantara K, Gupta S, Pandita D, Goel S, Grewal S, Hejnak V, Shiv A, El-Sabrout AM, Elansary HO, Alaklabi A, Brestic M. Abscisic Acid: Role in Fruit Development and Ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:817500. [PMID: 35620694 PMCID: PMC9127668 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.817500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant growth regulator known for its functions, especially in seed maturation, seed dormancy, adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and leaf and bud abscission. ABA activity is governed by multiple regulatory pathways that control ABA biosynthesis, signal transduction, and transport. The transport of the ABA signaling molecule occurs from the shoot (site of synthesis) to the fruit (site of action), where ABA receptors decode information as fruit maturation begins and is significantly promoted. The maximum amount of ABA is exported by the phloem from developing fruits during seed formation and initiation of fruit expansion. In the later stages of fruit ripening, ABA export from the phloem decreases significantly, leading to an accumulation of ABA in ripening fruit. Fruit growth, ripening, and senescence are under the control of ABA, and the mechanisms governing these processes are still unfolding. During the fruit ripening phase, interactions between ABA and ethylene are found in both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. It is clear that ABA regulates ethylene biosynthesis and signaling during fruit ripening, but the molecular mechanism controlling the interaction between ABA and ethylene has not yet been discovered. The effects of ABA and ethylene on fruit ripening are synergistic, and the interaction of ABA with other plant hormones is an essential determinant of fruit growth and ripening. Reaction and biosynthetic mechanisms, signal transduction, and recognition of ABA receptors in fruits need to be elucidated by a more thorough study to understand the role of ABA in fruit ripening. Genetic modifications of ABA signaling can be used in commercial applications to increase fruit yield and quality. This review discusses the mechanism of ABA biosynthesis, its translocation, and signaling pathways, as well as the recent findings on ABA function in fruit development and ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Siddharth University, Kapilvastu, India
| | - Shabir H. Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Khudwani, India
- *Correspondence: Shabir H. Wani,
| | - Ali Razzaq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Milan Skalicky,
| | - Kajal Samantara
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, India
| | - Shubhra Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Deepu Pandita
- Government Department of School Education, Jammu, India
| | - Sonia Goel
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, SGT University, Haryana, India
| | - Sapna Grewal
- Bio and Nanotechnology Department, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana
| | - Vaclav Hejnak
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Aalok Shiv
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Ahmed M. El-Sabrout
- Department of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture, and Garden Design Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Alaklabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Institut of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
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Kuromori T, Fujita M, Takahashi F, Yamaguchi‐Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. Inter-tissue and inter-organ signaling in drought stress response and phenotyping of drought tolerance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:342-358. [PMID: 34863007 PMCID: PMC9300012 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant response to drought stress includes systems for intracellular regulation of gene expression and signaling, as well as inter-tissue and inter-organ signaling, which helps entire plants acquire stress resistance. Plants sense water-deficit conditions both via the stomata of leaves and roots, and transfer water-deficit signals from roots to shoots via inter-organ signaling. Abscisic acid is an important phytohormone involved in the drought stress response and adaptation, and is synthesized mainly in vascular tissues and guard cells of leaves. In leaves, stress-induced abscisic acid is distributed to various tissues by transporters, which activates stomatal closure and expression of stress-related genes to acquire drought stress resistance. Moreover, the stepwise stress response at the whole-plant level is important for proper understanding of the physiological response to drought conditions. Drought stress is sensed by multiple types of sensors as molecular patterns of abiotic stress signals, which are transmitted via separate parallel signaling networks to induce downstream responses, including stomatal closure and synthesis of stress-related proteins and metabolites. Peptide molecules play important roles in the inter-organ signaling of dehydration from roots to shoots, as well as signaling of osmotic changes and reactive oxygen species/Ca2+ . In this review, we have summarized recent advances in research on complex plant drought stress responses, focusing on inter-tissue signaling in leaves and inter-organ signaling from roots to shoots. We have discussed the mechanisms via which drought stress adaptations and resistance are acquired at the whole-plant level, and have proposed the importance of quantitative phenotyping for measuring plant growth under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kuromori
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science2‐1 HirosawaWakoSaitama351‐0198Japan
| | - Miki Fujita
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science3‐1‐1 KoyadaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0074Japan
| | - Fuminori Takahashi
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science3‐1‐1 KoyadaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0074Japan
- Department of Biological Science and TechnologyGraduate School of Advanced EngineeringTokyo University of Science6‐3‐1 Niijyuku, Katsushika‐kuTokyo125‐8585Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi‐Shinozaki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐8657Japan
- Research Institute for Agricultural and Life SciencesTokyo University of Agriculture1‐1‐1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya‐kuTokyo156‐8502Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science2‐1 HirosawaWakoSaitama351‐0198Japan
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science3‐1‐1 KoyadaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0074Japan
- Biotechonology CenterNational Chung Hsing University (NCHU)Taichung402Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Kilambi HV, Liu J, Bar H, Lazary S, Egbaria A, Ripper D, Charrier L, Belew ZM, Wulff N, Damodaran S, Nour-Eldin HH, Aharoni A, Ragni L, Strader L, Sade N, Weinstain R, Geisler M, Shani E. ABA homeostasis and long-distance translocation are redundantly regulated by ABCG ABA importers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabf6069. [PMID: 34669479 PMCID: PMC8528425 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf6069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of abscisic acid (ABA) on plant growth, development, and response to the environment depend on local ABA concentrations. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis, ABA homeostasis is regulated by two previously unknown ABA transporters. Adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette subfamily G member 17 (ABCG17) and ABCG18 are localized to the plasma membranes of leaf mesophyll and cortex cells to redundantly promote ABA import, leading to conjugated inactive ABA sinks, thus restricting stomatal closure. ABCG17 and ABCG18 double knockdown revealed that the transporters encoded by these genes not only limit stomatal aperture size, conductance, and transpiration while increasing water use efficiency but also control ABA translocation from the shoot to the root to regulate lateral root emergence. Under abiotic stress conditions, ABCG17 and ABCG18 are transcriptionally repressed, promoting active ABA movement and response. The transport mechanism mediated by ABCG17 and ABCG18 allows plants to maintain ABA homeostasis under normal growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zhang
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Himabindu Vasuki Kilambi
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Hamutal Bar
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Shani Lazary
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Dagmar Ripper
- ZMBP-Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Laurence Charrier
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Zeinu Mussa Belew
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | - Nikolai Wulff
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | | | - Hussam Hassan Nour-Eldin
- DynaMo Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Laura Ragni
- ZMBP-Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lucia Strader
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Nir Sade
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Roy Weinstain
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Markus Geisler
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Eilon Shani
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
- Corresponding author.
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Isohydricity of Two Different Citrus Species under Deficit Irrigation and Reclaimed Water Conditions. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102121. [PMID: 34685931 PMCID: PMC8538605 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Citrus species are frequently subjected to water and saline stresses worldwide. We evaluated the effects of diurnal changes in the evaporative demands and soil water contents on the plant physiology of grapefruit and mandarin crops under saline reclaimed (RW) and transfer (TW) water conditions, combined with two irrigation strategies, fully irrigated (fI) and non-irrigated (nI). The physiological responses were different depending on the species. Grapefruit showed an isohydric pattern, which restricted the use of the leaf water potential (Ψl) as a plant water status indicator. Its water status was affected by salinity (RW) and water stress (nI), mainly as the combination of both stresses (RW-nI); however, mandarin turned out to be relatively more tolerant to salinity and more sensitive to water stress, mainly because of its low hydraulic conductance (K) levels, showing a critical drop in Ψl that led to severe losses of root–stem (Kroot–stem) and canopy (Kcanopy) hydraulic conductance in TW-nI. This behavior was not observed in RW-nI because a reduction in canopy volume as an adaptive characteristic was observed; thus, mandarin exhibited more anisohydric behavior compared to grapefruit, but isohydrodynamic since its hydrodynamic water potential gradient from roots to shoots (ΔΨplant) was relatively constant across variations in stomatal conductance (gs) and soil water potential. The gs was considered a good plant water status indicator for irrigation scheduling purposes in both species, and its responses to diurnal VPD rise and soil drought were strongly correlated with Kroot–stem. ABA did not show any effect on stomatal regulation, highlighting the fundamental role of plant hydraulics in driving stomatal closure.
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Effect of linker configuration and functionalization on the seawater desalination performance of Zr-MOF membrane. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Lu J, Shireen F, Cheng F, Bie Z. High relative humidity improve chilling tolerance by maintaining leaf water potential in watermelon seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:818-826. [PMID: 34225006 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is a major environmental factor that severely impairs plant growth and productivity. Although the response to low temperature stress is well studied, the mechanisms of chilling tolerance are still not well understood. Here, we describe experiments that aimed to determine whether relative humidity (RH) contribute to chilling tolerance by regulating leaf water potential in watermelon seedlings. Plants exposed to chilling stress (10 °C/5 °C day/night) were severely wilted, and the water potential in their leaves was decreased. We found that maintaining high RH when plants were subjected to chilling-stress conditions attenuated the reduction in leaf water potential, reduced electrolyte leakage, improved the stability of photosynthesis, and alleviated chilling damage. Pretreatment with ABA increased chilling tolerance in low RH conditions but became ineffective in high RH conditions. Analysis of endogenous ABA content indicated that water potential mediated chilling tolerance was independent of ABA. Analysis of stomatal resistance indicated that the maintenance of water potential was related to stomatal resistance but that the balance between water absorption and loss is more important. In conclusion, high RH maintained leaf water potential and cell turgor, maintained better cell morphology, improved stomatal conductance and thus, ultimately improved the chilling tolerance of watermelon seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Fareeha Shireen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Fei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhilong Bie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Li H, Testerink C, Zhang Y. How roots and shoots communicate through stressful times. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:940-952. [PMID: 33896687 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
When plants face an environmental stress such as water deficit, soil salinity, high temperature, or shade, good communication between above- and belowground organs is necessary to coordinate growth and development. Various signals including hormones, peptides, proteins, hydraulic signals, and metabolites are transported mostly through the vasculature to distant tissues. How shoots and roots synchronize their response to stress using mobile signals is an emerging field of research. We summarize recent advances on mobile signals regulating shoot stomatal movement and root development in response to highly localized environmental cues. In addition, we highlight how the vascular system is not only a conduit but is also flexible in its development in response to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Li
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christa Testerink
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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38
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Electrical Signals, Plant Tolerance to Actions of Stressors, and Programmed Cell Death: Is Interaction Possible? PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081704. [PMID: 34451749 PMCID: PMC8401951 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In environmental conditions, plants are affected by abiotic and biotic stressors which can be heterogenous. This means that the systemic plant adaptive responses on their actions require long-distance stress signals including electrical signals (ESs). ESs are based on transient changes in the activities of ion channels and H+-ATP-ase in the plasma membrane. They influence numerous physiological processes, including gene expression, phytohormone synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration, phloem mass flow, ATP content, and many others. It is considered that these changes increase plant tolerance to the action of stressors; the effect can be related to stimulation of damages of specific molecular structures. In this review, we hypothesize that programmed cell death (PCD) in plant cells can be interconnected with ESs. There are the following points supporting this hypothesis. (i) Propagation of ESs can be related to ROS waves; these waves are a probable mechanism of PCD initiation. (ii) ESs induce the inactivation of photosynthetic dark reactions and activation of respiration. Both responses can also produce ROS and, probably, induce PCD. (iii) ESs stimulate the synthesis of stress phytohormones (e.g., jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene) which are known to contribute to the induction of PCD. (iv) Generation of ESs accompanies K+ efflux from the cytoplasm that is also a mechanism of induction of PCD. Our review argues for the possibility of PCD induction by electrical signals and shows some directions of future investigations in the field.
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Xu Y, Wang J, Wang R, Wang L, Zhang C, Xu W, Wang S, Jiu S. The Role of Strigolactones in the Regulation of Root System Architecture in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) in Response to Root-Restriction Cultivation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8799. [PMID: 34445508 PMCID: PMC8395845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of root-restriction cultivation on the root architecture, endogenous strigolactone (SL) content, and SL-related genes expression in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). In addition, we clarified the effects of synthetic SL analog GR24 application on grapevine roots to explore the role of SLs in their development. The results showed that the root architecture changed significantly under root-restriction cultivation. At 40 days after transplantation (DAT), the contents of two types of SLs in roots under root restriction were both significantly lower than that in roots of the control. SL content was significantly positively correlated with the expression levels of VvCCD8 and VvD27, indicating that they play vital roles in SLs synthesis. After GR24 treatment for 20 days, the root length was significantly shorter than in the control. A low concentration (0.1 μM) of GR24 significantly reduced the root diameter and increased the fine-root density, while a high concentration (10 μM) of GR24 significantly reduced the lateral root (LR) length and increased the LR density. Concomitantly, GR24 (0.1 μM) reduced endogenous SL content. After GR24 treatment for 5 days, the total content of two tested SLs was highly positively correlated with the expression levels of VvDAD2, whereas it was highly negatively correlated with VvSMAXL4 at 20 days after GR24 treatment. This study helps to clarify the internal mechanism of root-restriction cultivation affecting the changes in grapevine root architecture, as well as further explore the important role of SLs in the growth of grapevine roots in response to root-restriction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Songtao Jiu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.X.); (J.W.); (R.W.); (L.W.); (C.Z.); (W.X.); (S.W.)
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40
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Sabir F, Zarrouk O, Noronha H, Loureiro-Dias MC, Soveral G, Gerós H, Prista C. Grapevine aquaporins: Diversity, cellular functions, and ecophysiological perspectives. Biochimie 2021; 188:61-76. [PMID: 34139292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High-scored premium wines are typically produced under moderate drought stress, suggesting that the water status of grapevine is crucial for wine quality. Aquaporins greatly influence the plant water status by facilitating water diffusion across the plasma membrane in a tightly regulated manner. They adjust the hydraulic conductance of the plasma membrane rapidly and reversibly, which is essential in specific physiological events, including adaptation to soil water scarcity. The comprehension of the sophisticated plant-water relations at the molecular level are thus important to optimize agricultural practices or to assist plant breeding programs. This review explores the recent progresses in understanding the water transport in grapevine at the cellular level through aquaporins and its regulation. Important aspects, including aquaporin structure, diversity, cellular localization, transport properties, and regulation at the cellular and whole plant level are addressed. An ecophysiological perspective about the roles of grapevine aquaporins in plant response to drought stress is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Sabir
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Olfa Zarrouk
- Association SFCOLAB - Collaborative Laboratory for Digital Innovation in Agriculture, Rua Cândido dos Reis nº1, Espaço SFCOLAB, 2560-312, Torres Vedras, Portugal
| | - Henrique Noronha
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria C Loureiro-Dias
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Catarina Prista
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal; Departamento de Recursos Biologicos, Ambiente e Territorio (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
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41
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Anwar K, Joshi R, Dhankher OP, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Elucidating the Response of Crop Plants towards Individual, Combined and Sequentially Occurring Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [PMID: 34204152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In nature, plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment with increasing frequencies of multiple abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses act either in combination or sequentially, thereby driving vegetation dynamics and limiting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants' responses against these combined and sequential stresses clearly differ from that triggered by an individual stress. Until now, experimental studies were mainly focused on plant responses to individual stress, but have overlooked the complex stress response generated in plants against combined or sequential abiotic stresses, as well as their interaction with each other. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the combined and sequential abiotic stresses overlap with respect to the central nodes of their interacting signaling pathways, and their impact cannot be modelled by swimming in an individual extreme event. Taken together, deciphering the regulatory networks operative between various abiotic stresses in agronomically important crops will contribute towards designing strategies for the development of plants with tolerance to multiple stress combinations. This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in the interactive effects of combined and sequentially occurring stresses on crop plants. We believe that this study may improve our understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms in untangling the combined stress tolerance in plants, and may also provide a promising venue for agronomists, physiologists, as well as molecular biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali 140306, India
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42
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Anwar K, Joshi R, Dhankher OP, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Elucidating the Response of Crop Plants towards Individual, Combined and Sequentially Occurring Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6119. [PMID: 34204152 PMCID: PMC8201344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, plants are exposed to an ever-changing environment with increasing frequencies of multiple abiotic stresses. These abiotic stresses act either in combination or sequentially, thereby driving vegetation dynamics and limiting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Plants' responses against these combined and sequential stresses clearly differ from that triggered by an individual stress. Until now, experimental studies were mainly focused on plant responses to individual stress, but have overlooked the complex stress response generated in plants against combined or sequential abiotic stresses, as well as their interaction with each other. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the combined and sequential abiotic stresses overlap with respect to the central nodes of their interacting signaling pathways, and their impact cannot be modelled by swimming in an individual extreme event. Taken together, deciphering the regulatory networks operative between various abiotic stresses in agronomically important crops will contribute towards designing strategies for the development of plants with tolerance to multiple stress combinations. This review provides a brief overview of the recent developments in the interactive effects of combined and sequentially occurring stresses on crop plants. We believe that this study may improve our understanding of the molecular and physiological mechanisms in untangling the combined stress tolerance in plants, and may also provide a promising venue for agronomists, physiologists, as well as molecular biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;
| | - Sneh L. Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.A.); (R.J.)
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali 140306, India
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43
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Xiong R, Liu S, Considine MJ, Siddique KHM, Lam HM, Chen Y. Root system architecture, physiological and transcriptional traits of soybean (Glycine max L.) in response to water deficit: A review. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:405-418. [PMID: 32880966 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is the main limiting factor for global soybean growth and production. Genetic improvement for water and nutrient uptake efficiency is critical to advance tolerance and enable more sustainable and resilient production, underpinning yield growth. The identification of quantitative traits and genes related to water and nutrient uptake will enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of drought tolerance in soybean. This review summarizes drought stress in the context of the physiological traits that enable effective acclimation, with a particular focus on roots. Genes controlling root system architecture play an important role in water and nutrient availability, and therefore important targets for breeding strategies to improve drought tolerance. This review highlights the candidate genes that have been identified as regulators of important root traits and responses to water stress. Progress in our understanding of the function of particular genes, including GmACX1, GmMS and GmPEPCK are discussed in the context of developing a system-based platform for genetic improvement of drought tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rentao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Michael J Considine
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, Western Australia, 6001, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, Western Australia, 6001, Australia
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yinglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, Western Australia, 6001, Australia
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Mukarram M, Choudhary S, Kurjak D, Petek A, Khan MMA. Drought: Sensing, signalling, effects and tolerance in higher plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1291-1300. [PMID: 33847385 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought can be considered as a cocktail of multiple stressful conditions that contribute to osmotic and ionic imbalance in plants. Considering that water is vital for plant life, the very survival of the plant becomes questionable during drought conditions. Water deficit affects a wide spectrum of morpho-physiological phenomena restricting overall plant growth, development and productivity. To evade such complications and ameliorate drought-induced effects, plants have a battery of various defence mechanisms. These mechanisms can vary from stomatal adjustments to osmotic adjustments and antioxidant metabolism to ion regulations. In this review, we critically evaluate how drought is perceived and signalled through the whole plant via abscisic acid mediated pathways. Additionally, the impact of drought on photosynthesis, gas exchange variables and reactive oxygen species pathway was also reviewed, along with the reversal of these induced effects through associated morpho-physiological counter mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Sadaf Choudhary
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Daniel Kurjak
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Anja Petek
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Ahmad H, Li J. Impact of water deficit on the development and senescence of tomato roots grown under various soil textures of Shaanxi, China. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:241. [PMID: 34049491 PMCID: PMC8162013 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Water scarcity is expected to extend to more regions of the world and represents an alarming threat to food security worldwide. Under such circumstances, water holding capacity is an important agronomic trait, which is primarily controlled by soil texture. METHODS Our work examined three different soil textures from three cities of Shaanxi Province in China, i.e., silt-sandy loam from Yulin (north of Shaanxi), loam-clay loam from Yangling (middle and western part of Shaanxi), and clay loam-clay from Hanzhong soil (south of Shaanxi), at two moisture levels, i.e., field capacity of 70-75% (well-watered) and 50-55% (water deficit). RESULTS The differences in soil particle sizes altered the soil physiochemical properties and soil enzymatic activities. Soil urease and ß-glucosidase activities were significantly higher in the Yangling soil under the well-watered treatment, while the differences were nonsignificant under the water deficit conditions. The leaf photosynthesis rate and total chlorophyll content were significantly higher in Hanzhong soil after 15 days of treatment; however, the overall highest plant length, root cortex diameter, and xylem element abundance were significantly higher in Yangling soil under the water deficit conditions. Furthermore, comparable differences were observed in antioxidant defence enzymes and endogenous hormones after every 15 days of treatments. The auxin, gibberellic acid and cytokinin concentrations in leaves and roots were comparably high in Yangling soil, while the abscisic acid concentrations were higher in Hanzhong soil under the water deficit conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our findings concluded that soil compaction has a significant role not only in root morphology, growth, and development but also in the soil physicochemical properties and nutrient cycle, which are useful for the growth and development of tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husain Ahmad
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Jo WJ, Shin JH. Development of a transpiration model for precise tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) irrigation control under various environmental conditions in greenhouse. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:388-394. [PMID: 33740678 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Transpiration can directly reflect the response of the crop growth and development, therefore irrigation design based on a transpiration model is an important factor towards establishing an efficient irrigation strategy. Thus, the purpose of this experiment is to develop and verify a tomato transpiration model by correcting the relationship between the transpiration rate and environmental factors by measuring the actual transpiration rate. The actual crop transpiration rate, which is measured using a load cell, and the weight changes calculated at 10-min intervals, are applied to the development of the transpiration model. The experimental results show that the transpiration rate has no linear relationship with the radiation amount (Rad) or vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The relationship between Rad and VPD with transpiration rate was fitted by the exponential rise to maximum, and gaussian peak curve, respectively. This allowed a transpiration model to be developed by compensating the Rad and VPD based on the existing Penman-Monteith (P-M) equation. The developed transpiration model showed higher regression constant values than the existing one. The developed transpiration model from the experiment can be utilized for precise irrigation control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jun Jo
- Department of Horticulture and Breeding, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, South Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Shin
- Department of Horticulture and Breeding, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, South Korea.
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Plant Acyl-CoA-Binding Proteins-Their Lipid and Protein Interactors in Abiotic and Biotic Stresses. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051064. [PMID: 33946260 PMCID: PMC8146436 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to environmental stresses during their growth and development. Owing to their immobility, plants possess stress-sensing abilities and adaptive responses to cope with the abiotic and biotic stresses caused by extreme temperatures, drought, flooding, salinity, heavy metals and pathogens. Acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs), a family of conserved proteins among prokaryotes and eukaryotes, bind to a variety of acyl-CoA esters with different affinities and play a role in the transport and maintenance of subcellular acyl-CoA pools. In plants, studies have revealed ACBP functions in development and stress responses through their interactions with lipids and protein partners. This review summarises the roles of plant ACBPs and their lipid and protein interactors in abiotic and biotic stress responses.
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The interplay of phloem-mobile signals in plant development and stress response. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226464. [PMID: 32955092 PMCID: PMC7538631 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants integrate a variety of biotic and abiotic factors for optimal growth in their given environment. While some of these responses are local, others occur distally. Hence, communication of signals perceived in one organ to a second, distal part of the plant and the coordinated developmental response require an intricate signaling system. To do so, plants developed a bipartite vascular system that mediates the uptake of water, minerals, and nutrients from the soil; transports high-energy compounds and building blocks; and traffics essential developmental and stress signals. One component of the plant vasculature is the phloem. The development of highly sensitive mass spectrometry and molecular methods in the last decades has enabled us to explore the full complexity of the phloem content. As a result, our view of the phloem has evolved from a simple transport path of photoassimilates to a major highway for pathogens, hormones and developmental signals. Understanding phloem transport is essential to comprehend the coordination of environmental inputs with plant development and, thus, ensure food security. This review discusses recent developments in its role in long-distance signaling and highlights the role of some of the signaling molecules. What emerges is an image of signaling paths that do not just involve single molecules but rather, quite frequently an interplay of several distinct molecular classes, many of which appear to be transported and acting in concert.
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Geilfus CM, Zhang X, Mithöfer A, Burgel L, Bárdos G, Zörb C. Leaf apoplastic alkalization promotes transcription of the ABA-synthesizing enzyme Vp14 and stomatal closure in Zea mays. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2686-2695. [PMID: 33345268 PMCID: PMC8006549 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chloride component of NaCl salinity causes the leaf apoplast to transiently alkalinize. This transition in pH reduces stomatal aperture. However, whether this apoplastic pH (pHapo) transient initiates stomatal closure by interacting with other chloride stress-induced responses or whether the pH transient alone initiates stomatal closure is unknown. To clarify the problem, the transient alkalinization of the leaf apoplast was mimicked in intact maize (Zea mays L.) by infiltrating near-neutral pH buffers into the leaf apoplast. Effects of the pHapo transient could thus be investigated independently from other chloride stress-derived effects. Microscopy-based ratiometric live pHapo imaging was used to monitor pHapoin planta. LC-MS/MS and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR leaf analyses showed that the artificially induced pHapo transient led to an increase in the concentrations of the stomata-regulating plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) and in transcripts of the key ABA-synthesizing gene ZmVp14 in the leaf. Since stomatal aperture and stomatal conductance decreased according to pHapo, we conclude that the pHapo transient alone initiates stomatal closure. Therefore, the functionality does not depend on interactions with other compounds induced by chloride stress. Overall, our data indicate that the pH of the leaf apoplast links chloride salinity with the control of stomatal aperture via effects exerted on the transcription of ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Division of Controlled Environment Horticulture, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, University Hohenheim, Schloss, Westhof-West, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Hans-Knöll-Straße, Jena, Germany
| | - Lisa Burgel
- Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, University Hohenheim, Schloss, Westhof-West, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gyöngyi Bárdos
- Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, University Hohenheim, Schloss, Westhof-West, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Zörb
- Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, University Hohenheim, Schloss, Westhof-West, Stuttgart, Germany
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Rasul F, Gupta S, Olas JJ, Gechev T, Sujeeth N, Mueller-Roeber B. Priming with a Seaweed Extract Strongly Improves Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1469. [PMID: 33540571 PMCID: PMC7867171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought represents a major threat to plants in natural ecosystems and agricultural settings. The biostimulant Super Fifty (SF), produced from the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum, enables ecologically friendly stress mitigation. We investigated the physiological and whole-genome transcriptome responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to drought stress after a treatment with SF. SF strongly decreased drought-induced damage. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which typically stifle plant growth during drought, was reduced in SF-primed plants. Relative water content remained high in SF-treated plants, whilst ion leakage, a measure of cell damage, was reduced compared to controls. Plant growth requires a functional shoot apical meristem (SAM). Expression of a stress-responsive negative growth regulator, RESPONSIVE TO DESICCATION 26 (RD26), was repressed by SF treatment at the SAM, consistent with the model that SF priming maintains the function of the SAM during drought stress. Accordingly, expression of the cell cycle marker gene HISTONE H4 (HIS4) was maintained at the SAMs of SF-primed plants, revealing active cell cycle progression after SF priming during drought. In accordance with this, CYCP2;1, which promotes meristem cell division, was repressed by drought but enhanced by SF. SF also positively affected stomatal behavior to support the tolerance to drought stress. Collectively, our data show that SF priming mitigates multiple cellular processes that otherwise impair plant growth under drought stress, thereby providing a knowledge basis for future research on crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiaz Rasul
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
- BioAtlantis Ltd., Clash Industrial Estate, V92 RWV5 Tralee, Ireland
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Justyna Jadwiga Olas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
| | - Tsanko Gechev
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Bernd Mueller-Roeber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (F.R.); (S.G.); (J.J.O.)
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology (CPSBB), 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
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