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James ME, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Kwan M, King-Dowling S, Cairney J. Physical Activity and Motor Skill Development During Early Childhood: Investigating the Role of Parent Support. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38734419 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2023-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the relationship between parent physical activity (PA) support and children's motor skill development and PA during early childhood and explored the potential moderating effect of child PA and motor skills on these relationships. METHODS Participants (N = 589, 250 girls, meanage = 4.93 [0.59] y) were part of a larger, longitudinal cohort study. Motor skills were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition. Moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was measured using ActiGraph accelerometers. Five items were used to measure parent support frequency (1 = none, 3 = 3-4 times, 5 = daily). Moderation analyses were conducted to examine the moderating effect of MVPA and motor skills on the relationship between parent support and motor skills and MVPA, respectively. RESULTS Parent support was significantly related to motor skills (B = 14.45, P = .007), and child MVPA significantly moderated this relationship (B = -0.17, P = .021). The relationship between parent support and child MVPA did not reach significance (B = 2.89, P = .051); however, motor skills had a significant moderating effect (B = -0.08, P = .022). CONCLUSIONS These novel findings suggest parent PA support is related to child motor skills and PA during early childhood, but this relationship is context dependent. Child-level characteristics should be considered in future parent PA support research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeghan E James
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON,Canada
- INfant, Child and youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,Canada
| | | | - Matthew Kwan
- INfant, Child and youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,Canada
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St Catharines, ON,Canada
| | - Sara King-Dowling
- INfant, Child and youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA,USA
| | - John Cairney
- INfant, Child and youth Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,Canada
- Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD,Australia
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Carretero-Bravo J, Díaz-Rodríguez M, Ferriz-Mas BC, Pérez-Muñoz C, González-Caballero JL. The Dimensionality, Consistency, and Structural Validity of an Instrument Used to Measure Obesogenic Attitudes in Parents from Southern Spain (The PRELSA Scale). Nutrients 2024; 16:1135. [PMID: 38674826 PMCID: PMC11053490 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: We aimed to analyze the dimensionality, internal consistency, and structural validity of the Preschool Eating, Lifestyle, and Sleeping Attitudes Scale (PRELSA Scale), which is an instrument that was designed to measure obesogenic behaviors. (2) Methods: We carried out an observational study by means of an online survey. The PRELSA Scale consists of 13 dimensions and 60 items relating to the most common obesogenic behaviors and attitudes. Additionally, we obtained sociodemographic characteristics and concrete habits from the sample. We obtained the responses of 791 parents and caregivers of preschool children between 2 and 6 years of age in Andalusia (southern Spain). We analyzed dimensionality through an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), consistency through Cronbach's Alpha, structural validity through a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and measurement invariance with multigroup CFA models. (3) Results: The EFA showed a 14-dimensional structure with 48 items. The internal consistency was acceptable in all dimensions (Cronbach's Alpha range of 0.72 to 0.97). The structure was confirmed in the CFA with good fit indices (CFI and TLI > 0.9 and RMSEA < 0.05). We ensured that the scale had measurement invariance regarding education, income, and marital status. (4) Conclusions: The PRELSA Scale shows promising properties that have the potential to measure obesogenic behaviors in Spain, which could be the basis for future interventions associated with the prevention of childhood obesity in healthcare and educational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Carretero-Bravo
- Department of General Economy, Health Sociology Area, University of Cadiz, Avda. Ana de Viya 52, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Mercedes Díaz-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, Avda. Ana de Viya 52, 11009 Cádiz, Spain;
| | | | - Celia Pérez-Muñoz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Design, University of Cadiz, Polígono Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Juan Luis González-Caballero
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Cadiz, Polígono Río San Pedro, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
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Silva-Martins M, Canário AC, Abreu-Lima I, Krasniqi L, Cruz O. Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the physical activity parenting practices questionnaire. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:417. [PMID: 38012806 PMCID: PMC10683127 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular physical activity, is often part of interventions targeting childhood overweight and obesity. However, to properly inform the objectives of the intervention, reliable psychometric measures are needed to better understand children's and their families necessities and characteristics. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Physical Activity Parenting Practices questionnaire in a community sample of Portuguese parents of children aged 5-10, assess measurement invariance across children's weight status, and construct validity. METHODS Five hundred three parents completed the Portuguese version of the Physical Activity Parenting Practices (PAPP) questionnaire, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire, and the Lifestyle Behavior Checklist. A subsample (n = 125) completed the PAPP questionnaire 1 month later. Data analyses were performed using R's lavaan (version 0.6-12) and psych (version 2.2.9) packages. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analyses revealed good psychometric properties for the PAPP's single-factor Encouragement scale and the three-factor Discouragement scale. Configural, metric, and scalar invariance were found across parents of children with different weight statuses for both scales' factor structures. Internal reliability ranged from α = .64 to α = .89, and test-retest reliability ranged from r = .57 to r = .74. CONCLUSIONS The constructs evaluated by PAPP questionnaire revealed adequate validity. The Portuguese version of the PAPP questionnaire is a reliable measure to assess relevant physical activity parenting practices, capable of differentiating the practices of parents with children of different weight statuses, and useful for both research and intervention purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Silva-Martins
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Canário
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Isabel Abreu-Lima
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Orlanda Cruz
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
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Liu Y, Ge X, Li H, Zhang E, Hu F, Cai Y, Xiang M. Physical activity maintenance and increase in Chinese children and adolescents: the role of intrinsic motivation and parental support. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1175439. [PMID: 37583889 PMCID: PMC10424444 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1175439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This longitudinal study aimed to examine the association of intrinsic motivation, parental physical activity, and parental support with physical activity maintenance and increase among children and adolescents. Methods A sample of 2,424 children and adolescents in Shanghai, China participated in the two-wave survey before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire measured children and adolescents' physical activity and intrinsic motivation, as well as their parental physical activity and support (concern for their child and co-activity with their child). Multivariable logistic regressions were performed by groups to examine the associations between these factors and physical activity change. Results Most children and adolescents exhibited a decline in physical activity participation during the pandemic, as indicated by a mere 15.0 and 8.0% of individuals maintaining and increasing their pre-pandemic levels, respectively. Among the initially active participants, perceived self-choice [OR = 1.341 (95%CI: 1.173-1.533)] and parental concern [OR = 1.922 (95%CI: 1.204-3.068)] predicted maintained physical activity. Increased physical activity was predicted by perceived enjoyment [OR = 1.193 (95%CI: 1.046-1.362)] and parental co-activity (OR = 1.995 [95%CI: 1.095-3.633]). Conclusion This study provides longitudinal evidence that intrinsic motivation and parental support can have a positive impact when physical activity levels change significantly. Effective interventions targeting multilevel factors are needed to maintain or increase children and adolescents' physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Xiang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zhu Z, Kim C, Jiao D, Li X, Ajmal A, Matsumoto M, Sawada Y, Kasai T, Watanabe T, Tomisaki E, Tanaka E, Ito S, Okumura R, Anme T. Patterns of Movement Performance among Japanese Children and Effects of Parenting Practices: Latent class analysis. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2023; 23:22-31. [PMID: 36865430 PMCID: PMC9974025 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.1.2022.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to examine the long-term effects of parenting practice during preschool years on children's movement performance in primary school. Methods This three-year longitudinal study included 225 children aged 3-6-years-old. Parents reported baseline parenting practice and evaluated children's movement performance three years later. Latent class analysis was used to explore latent classes of movement performance. A post hoc test was used to identify the characteristics of different patterns. Finally, adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were used to test the influence of parenting practice on identified patterns of movement performance. Results Children in this study were grouped into three movement performance patterns, labelled as 'least difficulties' (n = 131, 58.2%), 'low back pain' (n = 68, 30.2%) and 'most difficulties' (n = 26, 11.6%). After controlling for age, gender, having siblings or not, family structure, standardised body mass index, sleep condition and dietary habits, the researchers found that if parents played games with children frequently, the children would have a 0.287 times lower probability of being in the 'low back pain' class (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.105-0.783). In addition, if parents take children to meet peers of a similar age frequently, children would have a 0.339 times lower probability of being in 'most difficulties' class (95% CI: 0.139-0.825). Conclusion Primary healthcare providers should pay careful attention to children with movement difficulties. The study provides longitudinal evidence to support the applicability of positive parenting practice in early childhood to prevent children's movement difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhu
- School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan,Faculty of Preschool and Special Education, Xuzhou Kindergarten Teachers College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cunyoen Kim
- School of Education Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, China
| | - Dandan Jiao
- School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ammara Ajmal
- School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Munenori Matsumoto
- School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuko Sawada
- Faculty of Health Medicine, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kasai
- Faculty of Foundational Academics, Miyagi University, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Etsuko Tomisaki
- Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emiko Tanaka
- Faculty of Nursing, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumio Ito
- Department of Public Welfare, Tobishima, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rika Okumura
- Department of Public Welfare, Tobishima, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tokie Anme
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan,Corresponding Author’s e-mail:
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Arts J, Drotos E, Singh AS, Chinapaw MJM, Altenburg TM, Gubbels JS. Correlates of Physical Activity in 0- to 5-year-olds: A Systematic Umbrella Review and Consultation of International Researchers. Sports Med 2023; 53:215-240. [PMID: 36219386 PMCID: PMC9807466 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many children aged 0-5 years do not meet the WHO physical activity guidelines. To develop effective, evidence-based interventions, it is necessary to understand which factors are associated with physical activity in early childhood. OBJECTIVE To summarize the current evidence on correlates of physical activity in 0- to 5-year-old children. METHODS First, a systematic umbrella review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus were searched up to May 2020 for systematic reviews examining the association between potential correlates and quantitatively measured physical activity in children aged 0-5.9 years. Included reviews were assessed on methodological quality, and results were categorized according to the socio-ecological model. Second, 31 international researchers of physical activity in young children participated in an expert panel to reflect on the outcomes of the umbrella review and propose directions for future research. RESULTS Twenty-one reviews were included that examined a total of 98 potential correlates. When synthesizing all reviews, 23 correlates were found with consistent evidence for an association with a physical activity outcome. For most other potential correlates there was inconsistent evidence across reviews for associations with physical activity in young children. Although there was little overlap between the correlates identified in the umbrella review and determinants suggested by the expert panel, both confirmed the importance of socio-cultural, policy, and physical environmental factors in general. CONCLUSION Multiple correlates of young children's physical activity were identified. However, various methodological challenges (e.g., measurement instruments) and the large heterogeneity (e.g., study samples, correlates, and outcome measures) hindered formulating definitive conclusions. Moreover, none of the reviews reported on the interrelatedness between correlates, which would align with more holistic understandings of behavior. Our findings indicate the urgent need for establishing a common ground in definitions, assessment methods, and analytical methods to further the field of physical activity research in this tremendously important age group. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020184159.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Arts
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elizabeth Drotos
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Amika S Singh
- Mulier Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Physically Active Learning, Faculty of Education, Arts and Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Mai J M Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teatske M Altenburg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica S Gubbels
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Martin R, Murphy J, Molina-Soberanes D, Murtagh EM. The clustering of physical activity and screen time behaviours in early childhood and impact on future health-related behaviours: a longitudinal analysis of children aged 3 to 8 years. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:558. [PMID: 35313844 PMCID: PMC8939161 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meeting physical activity and screen time guidelines has been associated with improved health in children. Research has shown that lifestyle behaviours happen in combination and can be tracked into later life. Thus, a complex approach is needed to identify the effects of physical activity and screen time altogether. This study aims to identify clusters of both behaviours in a cohort of Irish 3-year-old children (n = 8833) and determine the association with sociodemographic characteristics and behaviours at age 5 and 7-8. METHODS Data from the "Growing Up in Ireland" study collected between 2010 and 2016 was used in this study. Two-step cluster analysis was used to understand how physical activity and recreational screen time behaviours group together among 3-year-old children. Binary logistic regressions were conducted to examine if cluster placement at age 3 determined physical activity and recreational screen time behaviours at age 5 and 7-8 years, while controlling for gender of child, gender, age and employment status of the primary caregiver. RESULTS Six clusters were identified in 9771 (49.3% female) 3-year-old children with the majority falling into a "High Active & Mixed Screen Time" (23.2%). Those in the "High Active & Mixed Screen Time" cluster at age 3 were more likely to engage in all physical activities reported at age 5 (p < 0.01) and age 7-8 (p < 0.01) when compared to a "Low Active & Screen Time Exceed" cluster. Children categorised in a "Moderate Active & Screen Time Below" and "Moderate Active & Screen Time Exceed" were more likely to engage in the same physical activities at age 5 and 7-8 (p < 0.05 - p < 0.01). However, children in the latter cluster were also more likely (p < 0.05) to play on a computer or tablet device. CONCLUSIONS This paper highlights the importance of establishing positive health-related behaviours during early childhood, as this predicts future engagement in health-promoting activities. Regardless of screen time level, being part of a cluster with moderate or high levels of physical activity positively influences a child's future physical activity at age 5 and again at age 7 -8 years. The multiple layers of influence on a child's development should be leveraged to support the adoption of health-enhancing behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemarie Martin
- Department of Reflective Pedagogy and Early Childhood Studies, Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Joey Murphy
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, BS8 1TH, Bristol, UK
| | - Daniel Molina-Soberanes
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Elaine M Murtagh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Fuligni GL, Gonzalez CJ, Figueroa R. Adolescents' proxy reports on obesity-related parenting practices: factorial validity and reliability across four behavioral domains. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:329. [PMID: 35172801 PMCID: PMC8848982 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents’ energy balance behaviors are precursors to obesity shaped by the practices or strategies that many parents implement. Although key stakeholders to their families, adolescents are rarely considered to report on these obesity-related parenting practices. The aim of this study is to assess the factorial and predictive validity of adolescents’ proxy-report of parents’ obesity-related parenting across four behavioral domains. Methods This study used data from the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study. This study tests whether adolescents’ proxy reports about their parents’ obesity-related parenting are significantly associated with parents’ responses on their own obesity-related parenting, as well as whether these reports are significantly associated to parent-adolescent energy balance behaviors. Factorial validity was assessed using linear regression and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), whereas predictive validity was assessed using Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling (APIM). Results Regression results indicated that adolescents’ proxy report is significantly associated with parents’ report of their own parenting in all four domains (β = .59—.71; p < 0.05). CFA results indicated a final factor structure that loaded significantly onto hypothesized obesity-related parenting domains (β > .30) in both adolescents and parents. APIM results indicated that both parent- (β = .32; p < 0.05) and adolescent-(β = .21; p < 0.05) reported obesity parenting for fruit and vegetable consumption were associated with their own fruit and vegetable intake. In addition, adolescent-reported physical activity parenting was significantly associated with adolescent physical activity (β = 0.23; p < 0.05). Regarding partner effects, only parent-reported parenting for fruit and vegetable consumption were significantly associated with adolescent intake of fruit and vegetables (β = 0.15, p < 0.05) and adolescent-reported physical activity parenting was significantly associated with parental physical activity (β = 0.16, p < 0.05). Neither adolescent nor parent reported parenting were significantly associated with screen time or junk food intake outcomes. Each final obesity-related parenting scale had good internal consistency (a = .74-.85). Conclusions We found that adolescent- and parent-reported obesity-related parenting were significantly associated, while adolescent-reported parenting were more explanatory of fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity than parent-reported parenting. These findings suggest that adolescent proxy reports may be a valid source of information on obesity-related parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel L Fuligni
- College of Human Ecology, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 244 Garden Avenue, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Christopher J Gonzalez
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 338 E 66th Street, New York, NY, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, 338 E 66th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Roger Figueroa
- College of Human Ecology, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 244 Garden Avenue, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Xie H, Scott JL, Caldwell LL. Parental influence on urban adolescents' physical activity experience. LEISURE SCIENCES 2021; 46:425-441. [PMID: 38919966 PMCID: PMC11196020 DOI: 10.1080/01490400.2021.1986180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
As important socializing agents of adolescents, parents may substantially influence adolescents' physical activity but their roles in adolescents' physical activity experience have not been sufficiently studied. Furthermore, there is a dearth of research on potential mechanisms through which parents may promote adolescents' positive physical activity experience. Using a longitudinal sample of 464 urban and primarily Hispanic and African American adolescents, this study examined the impact of parental support on adolescents' physical activity experience. Results of structural equation modeling showed that after controlling for adolescents' gender, body mass index, and perceived overall health, parental support positively affected adolescents' restructuring ability (i.e., ability to construct meaningful and satisfying activities during unpleasant experiences) and intrinsic motivation (i.e., activity participation driven by inherent interest and enjoyment) in physical activity, which in turn positively affected adolescents' physical activity experience. No significant gender differences were found in these relationships. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Department of Recreation and Tourism Management, Center for Assessment, Research, and Evaluation, California State University, Northridge, USA
| | - Jason L. Scott
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Linda L. Caldwell
- Department of Recreation Park and Tourism Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Correlations between Physical Activity Participation and the Environment in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using Ecological Frameworks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179080. [PMID: 34501670 PMCID: PMC8430662 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and sports are efficient ways to promote the young generation’s physical and mental health and development. This study expected to demonstrate the complexity of correlates associated with children’s and adolescents’ non-organized PA participation. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA), a systematic review and meta-analysis were applied. Seven electronic databases were systematically searched to identify eligible articles based on a series of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The internal validity of the systematic reviews thus identified was evaluated using a validated quality instrument. Calculations were produced in SPSS 27.0 and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3.3. Thirty-nine eligible studies (N = 324,953) with moderate to high quality were included. No potential publication bias was detected using statistical analyses. The meta-analysis revealed that the overall ecological factors correlated positively with children and adolescents’ PA; the meta-analytic average of the correlations was (′r = 0.32, p < 0.001). Results from subgroup analysis indicated that theory-based influence factors achieved moderate effect with boys (′r = 0.37, p < 0.001) and girls (′r = 0.32, p < 0.001) in PA participation. Interestingly, higher correlations were found between ecological factors and twins’ PA participation (′r = 0.61, p = 0.001). Further, individual (′r = 0.32, p < 0.001), macro-, and chronosystems factors (′r = 0.50, p < 0.001) appeared slightly more influential than microsystems factors (′r = 0.28, p < 0.001) on children and adolescents’ PA participation. Although findings from the included studies covered were to some extent heterogeneous, it is possible to identify consistent correlates of PA in children and adolescents. The results supported that PA is a complex and multi-dimensional behavior, which is determined by numerous biological, psychological, sociocultural, and environmental factors. Future studies that focus on the integration effect of macrosystem and chronosystem environmental factors, and apply longitudinal designs and objective measurements are encouraged to further unfold the complexity of the ecological system and its implications in promoting children and adolescents’ PA participation.
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Relationship between decreased visual acuity and physical activity time in school age children. FRONTIERS OF NURSING 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/fon-2021-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the physical activity of children with decreased visual acuity, thereby providing basic data for developing strategies to enhance the physical activity of school-age children.
Methods
The participants were 1,194 children and 1,194 parents who participated in the 10th Korean Children Panel Survey. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the status of the physical activity of children with decreased visual acuity according to the accessibility of community facilities.
Results
The mother perceived the accessibility of community facilities as low, children with decreased visual acuity reported 1.20 times shorter over-the-weekend leisure activity time compared with vision-typical children, and they spent 1.41 and 1.33 times shorter on caring for pets and religious activity, respectively.
Conclusions
To increase the physical activity of children with decreased visual acuity, family-oriented interventions should be provided. It is also important to establish a community environment with enhanced accessibility of community facilities by examining the level of accessibility perceived by parents.
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Parental Factors Related to Physical Activity among Adolescent Men Living in Built and Natural Environment: A Population-Based MOPO Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 2021:3234083. [PMID: 34122561 PMCID: PMC8169255 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3234083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Physical inactivity is a global concern, especially among adolescent men. Little research has been done on the association between parental factors and young adults' physical activity in the context of residential environment. We aimed to reveal what parental factors are associated with physical activity among adolescent men living in built and natural environments. Methods A population-based sample of 1,904 men (mean age = 17.9, SD = 0.7 years) completed a questionnaire regarding physical activity, parental factors, and lifestyle in Northern Finland in 2012 and 2013. Geographical information system methods and dominant land-use type were used to define the residential environment in a 1-kilometer radius buffer zone surrounding each participant's home address. If the residential area included more artificial surfaces, it was defined as a built environment, and areas including more nature were defined as natural environments. Results According to multivariable analyses, a mother's physical activity (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-2.8) was positively associated with the physical activity of adolescent men living in built environments, and the father's physical activity was positively associated with the physical activity of adolescent men living in natural environments (2.8; 1.7-4.8). Self-rated health (built 5.9 [4.0-8.7]; natural 5.2 [3.0-9.0]) was positively associated with physical activity level. Those with symptoms of depression were more likely to be physically inactive (built 0.5 [0.3-0.8]; natural 0.3 [0.1-0.6]). Adolescent men were equally physically active regardless of the living environment. Conclusions The level of physical activity of parents, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms should be considered when designing physical activity promotions for adolescent men according to their residential environments.
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Reedman SE, Boyd RN, Ziviani J, Elliott C, Ware RS, Sakzewski L. Participation predictors for leisure-time physical activity intervention in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2021; 63:566-575. [PMID: 33386633 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the predictors of magnitude of change in response to a participation-focused leisure-time physical activity intervention in children with cerebral palsy (CP) using the ParticiPAte CP protocol. METHOD We included 33 children (16 males, 17 females) aged 8 to 12 years (mean age=10y, SD=1y 6mo) with CP with pre/postintervention data from a wait-list randomized trial. The hypothesized linear predictors of change in primary outcomes (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure [COPM]-performance and COPM-satisfaction, Belief in Goal Self-Competence Scale (BiGSS), and minutes per day moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) were: age; Gross Motor Function Classification System level; comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD); Goal Attainment Scaling T score; Problems in Schools Questionnaire; Physical Activity Climate Questionnaire; Motives for Physical Activities Measure-Revised; and stage of behaviour change. Multivariable models were selected using the Bayesian information criterion. RESULTS Overcoming barriers to participation, age, and comorbid ASD explained 49% of the variance in change in COPM-performance. Being motivated by interest and/or enjoyment and age explained 32% of the variance in change in COPM-satisfaction. Being motivated by physical activity competence or appearance (extrinsic motivation) explained 24% of the variance in change in BiGSS. Parental autonomy supportiveness, overcoming barriers to participation, appearance motivation, and baseline MVPA explained 59% of the variance in change in MVPA. INTERPRETATION These findings support a behaviour paradigm for conceptualizing physical activity in children with CP. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Children who met their treatment goals showed a greater increase in physical activity participation. Children who were more intrinsically motivated by physical activity at baseline improved more. Being older and having a comorbid diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder were associated with an attenuated effect of the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Reedman
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roslyn N Boyd
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jenny Ziviani
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Catherine Elliott
- Faculty of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert S Ware
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leanne Sakzewski
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Escalante-Barrios EL, Suarez-Enciso SM, Putnam SP, Raikes H, Fàbregues S. Using the Very Short Form of the Children's Behavior Questionnaire for Spanish-Speaking Populations in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Psychometric Analysis of Dichotomized Variables. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8020074. [PMID: 33498989 PMCID: PMC7912153 DOI: 10.3390/children8020074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
While the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Very Short Form of the Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ-VSF) have been assessed in the US and Europe in samples composed of middle- and high-income parents with high levels of education, no studies have tested the instrument in low-income Spanish-speaking populations living in low- and middle-income countries. To fill this gap, our cross-sectional study assessed the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the CBQ-VSF version in a sample of 315 low-income and low-educated parents with preschool children living in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. While our findings revealed problems that were similar to those identified in previous assessments of the CBQ-VSF Spanish version, they also showed unique problems related to the sociodemographic characteristics of our sample, containing many individuals with a low income and low educational level. Most of the participants gave extreme responses, resulting in a notable kurtosis and skewness of the data. This article describes how we addressed these problems by dichotomizing the variables into binary categories. Additionally, it demonstrates that merely translating the CBQ-VSF is insufficient to be able to capture many of the underlying latent constructs associated with low-income and low-educated Latino/Hispanic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Lucia Escalante-Barrios
- Department of Education, Universidad del Norte, Km.5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
- Correspondence:
| | - Sonia Mariel Suarez-Enciso
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 114 Teacher College Hall, Lincoln, NE 68508, USA;
| | - Samuel P. Putnam
- Department of Psychology, Bowdoin College, 255 Maine St, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA;
| | - Helen Raikes
- Department of Child, Youth and Family Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 205 Louise Pound Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;
| | - Sergi Fàbregues
- Department of Psychology and Education, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain;
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Gerards SMPL, Van Kann DHH, Kremers SPJ, Jansen MWJ, Gubbels JS. Do parenting practices moderate the association between the physical neighbourhood environment and changes in children's time spent at various physical activity levels? An exploratory longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:168. [PMID: 33468096 PMCID: PMC7816369 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As many children do not meet the recommended daily physical activity (PA) levels, more research is needed towards environmental determinants of children's PA levels. The aims of this longitudinal study were to investigate whether the physical environment and parenting practices have an impact on changes in children's weekday time spent at various PA levels and whether associations between physical neighbourhood environment and changes in children's PA are moderated by parenting practices. METHODS We performed a secondary data analysis of longitudinal data collected at three timepoints (baseline, 6, and 18 months) from 10 control schools of the Active Living study, a quasi-experimental study, which took place in South Limburg, the Netherlands. In total, 240 children aged 8-12 years were included in the analyses. PA levels were measured using accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+). The physical environment was assessed at baseline through neighbourhood audits of the school environment, and PA parenting practices were measured at baseline via validated parental questionnaires. Multivariate multilevel regression analyses were conducted to determine the main effects of the physical environment and parenting practices on changes in children's time spent in sedentary behaviour (SB), light PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) over 18 months. Additionally, moderation of the association between the physical environment and children's PA levels by parenting practices was examined by adding interacting terms to the regression equations. RESULTS Walkability of the physical environmental was associated with a decrease in SB at 18 months (B = -5.45, p < .05). In addition, the parenting practice logistic support was associated with an increase in MVPA (at all time points, B = .68, B = .73 and B = 1.02, respectively, all p < .05) and a decrease in SB (at 18 months, B = -1.71, p < .05). Stratified analyses (based on significant interaction terms) showed that the effect of specific physical environmental features (e.g., sports facilities) on children's improvements in PA levels were strengthened by favourable parenting practices. DISCUSSION Besides the main effects of walkability and logistic support, there were indications that several parenting practices moderate the association between the physical environment and changes in children's time in various PA levels. The current findings are exploratory, and need to be confirmed in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M P L Gerards
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, The Netherlands.
| | - Dave H H Van Kann
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, The Netherlands.,School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 347, Eindhoven, AH, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, The Netherlands
| | - Maria W J Jansen
- Department of Health Services Research, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, The Netherlands.,Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health, Public Health Service South Limburg, P.O. Box 33, Heerlen, AA, 6400, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica S Gubbels
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, The Netherlands
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A qualitative study conducted in the United States exploring the perspectives of Brazilian immigrant fathers about their preschool-age children’s physical activity and screen time. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Ha AS, Chan W, Ng JYY. Relation between Perceived Barrier Profiles, Physical Literacy, Motivation and Physical Activity Behaviors among Parents with a Young Child. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124459. [PMID: 32575873 PMCID: PMC7345247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: to reveal distinct subgroups of parents by their perception of 6 types of physical activity barriers and challenges (i.e., lack of time, poor health, lack of company, lack of facilities, childcare responsibility, lack of motivation), and examine its relation with related constructs. Design: cross-sectional survey data. Method: the sample consisted of 424 parents who had at least 1 child of primary school age. Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify latent subgroups within participants. Group differences on physical literacy, autonomous motivation, and self-report physical activity (PA) levels were explored. Results: a four-profile solution was obtained from latent profile analysis, labelled as: “Struggling” (29.0%), “Family burden” (41.3%), “Lazy” (13.0%), and “Barriers free” (16.7%). The “Barriers free” profile experienced the least difficulties with physical activity, but the “Struggling” profile suffered the most severe barriers and challenges. “Family burden” and “Lazy” profiles demonstrated qualitative differences on one or two given challenges. Significant group differences on physical literacy, autonomous motivation, and PA levels were found, showing the “Barriers free” profile as the most robust and adaptive group of parents. Conclusions: the findings suggest that it is common for a substantial portion of parents to experience multiple barriers and challenges to a relatively high degree. Intervention on raising parent’s physical literacy to reduce barriers and sustain their motivation may be a target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy S. Ha
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; (W.C.); (J.Y.Y.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Wai Chan
- Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; (W.C.); (J.Y.Y.N.)
| | - Johan Y. Y. Ng
- Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; (W.C.); (J.Y.Y.N.)
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Latino adolescent-father discrepancies in reporting activity parenting practices and associations with adolescents' physical activity and screen time. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:92. [PMID: 31964356 PMCID: PMC6975019 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Latino fathers may play important roles in adolescents’ physical activity and screen time. However, informant discrepancies regarding paternal activity parenting practices may challenge studies supporting evidence-based applications. This study examined Latino adolescent-father discrepancies in reporting paternal activity parenting practices, types of discrepancies by participant characteristics, and associations between discrepancy types and adolescents’ physical activity and screen time. Methods The sample for this cross-sectional study included Latino early adolescents and their fathers (n = 138 dyads) from baseline data collected for a family-centered, healthy lifestyle intervention in a metropolitan area. In parallel measures, Latino adolescents and fathers reported paternal activity parenting practices related to expectation or allowance, behavioral modeling, and providing opportunities for physical activity or screen time. Level of agreement and discrepancies were examined using the percentage of agreement, weighted kappa statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and paired-sample t-tests. Undesirable discrepancy types included adolescents reporting lower scores for paternal physical activity parenting practices or higher scores for paternal screen time parenting practices than fathers. Participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and weight status were compared by discrepancy type using between-group t-tests or Chi-square tests. Associations between discrepancy type and adolescents’ physical activity and screen time were examined using multivariate regression analyses. Results The study sample was low-income with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Adolescent and paternal reports of activity parenting practices had poor agreement (percentages of agreement: 22.2–34.3%, weighted kappa statistics: < 0.2, and correlation coefficients: 0.06–0.25). An undesirable discrepancy type for certain parenting practices was more likely to be observed among fathers without full-time employment, girls, older adolescents, and adolescents and fathers within overweight or obese BMI categories. Discrepancies in paternal expectation regarding physical activity and allowance of screen time had adverse associations with adolescents’ physical activity (β = − 0.18, p = 0.008) and screen time (β = 0.51, p < 0.001). Conclusion and implications Discrepancies in reporting activity parenting practices were evident between Latino adolescents and their fathers, especially among certain sociodemographic and weight status groups. Adolescents’ perceptions on paternal parenting practices tended to be better indicators of their activity levels than fathers’ reports.
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Vaughn AE, Hales DP, Neshteruk CD, Ward DS. HomeSTEAD's physical activity and screen media practices and beliefs survey: Instrument development and integrated conceptual model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226984. [PMID: 31891610 PMCID: PMC6938346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The home environment has a significant influence on children’s physical activity and obesity risk. Our understanding of this environment is limited by current measurement tools. The Home Self-administered Tool for Environmental assessment of Activity and Diet addresses this gap. This paper describes the development and psychometric testing of its family physical activity and screen media practices and beliefs survey. Methods: Survey development was guided by the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) framework and informed by a literature review, expert opinion, and cognitive interviews. Parents of children ages 3–12 years (n = 129) completed the HomeSTEAD survey three times over 12–18 days. Additionally, parents reported on child behaviors and trained staff measured parent and child height and weight. Five exploratory factor analyses were conducted after categorizing items into: control of physical activity, control of screen media, explicit modeling, implicit modeling, and perceived barriers and facilitators. Scales with 3 or more items underwent scale reduction. Psychometric testing evaluated internal consistency (Chronbach’s alphas), test-retest reliability (analysis of variance and intraclass correlations (ICC)), and construct validity (correlations with child BMI, physical activity, screen time). An integrated conceptual model of parent physical activity and screen media practices and beliefs was developed based on recent literature to aid in the identification and naming of constructs. Results: Final scales demonstrated good internal consistency (median Cronbach’s alpha = 0.81, IQR = 0.74–0.85), test-retest reliability (median ICC = 0.70, IQR = 0.66–0.78), and construct validity (with correlations between scale score and children’s behaviors generally in the expected direction). Comparison with the integrated conceptual model showed that most identified constructs were captured. Conclusions: The family physical activity and screen media practices survey advances the measurement of the home environment related to children’s physical activity, screen time, and weight. The integrated conceptual model provides a useful framework for researchers studying both physical activity and screen media parenting practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber E. Vaughn
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Derek P. Hales
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Cody D. Neshteruk
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Dianne S. Ward
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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van de Kolk I, Gerards SMPL, Harms LSE, Kremers SPJ, Gubbels JS. The Effects of a Comprehensive, Integrated Obesity Prevention Intervention Approach (SuperFIT) on Children's Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and BMI Z-Score. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E5016. [PMID: 31835477 PMCID: PMC6950277 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
SuperFIT is a comprehensive, integrated intervention approach aimed at promoting healthy energy balance-related behaviors in 2- to 4-year-old children in the preschool and home settings. A quasi-experimental research design was adopted to evaluate the effects of SuperFIT on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score. Children could participate in the preschool-based and family-based component (full intervention) or only in the preschool-based component (partial intervention). Children's PA levels and SB were assessed with accelerometers and observations, and height and weight were measured for the BMI z-score. Measurements were performed at baseline and two follow-up time points. Effectiveness was evaluated using linear mixed-model analyses, correcting for relevant covariates. Healthy changes in PA levels occurred within all study groups over time. No significant differences were found in overall PA levels between the intervention groups and control group at both follow-ups. Nevertheless, sedentary behavior decreased more in the full intervention group (effect size (ES): -0.62), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (ES: 0.85) and counts per minute (ES: 0.45) increased more compared to the control group on preschool days at the first follow-up. No effects were found for BMI z-score. The integrated approach of SuperFIT may induce changes in PA of young children, although the effects were small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona van de Kolk
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.M.P.L.G.); (L.S.E.H.); (S.P.J.K.); (J.S.G.)
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Early Lifestyle Intervention for Obesity Prevention in Pediatric Survivors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112631. [PMID: 31684118 PMCID: PMC6893453 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) experience rapid weight gain during treatment and increases in weight are maintained throughout treatment and beyond. Without prompt interventions, altered dietary and physical activity behaviors may become difficult to reverse, contributing to obesity risk long-term. Fifteen children, aged 3–9 years, diagnosed with pediatric ALL who were on maintenance therapy or within two years of treatment completion (mean BMI percentile: 70.4th) and one parent from each family, were enrolled into a 12-week lifestyle intervention delivered remotely through web-based sessions and phone calls with a lifestyle coach. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and end of the intervention. Thirteen of the 15 enrolled families (86.7%) completed the intervention. Parents reduced the “pressure to eat” feeding practice (change in mean score: −0.60, 95% CI: −1.12 to −0.07; p-value = 0.03) post intervention. Children increased the consumption of milk (0.54 serving/d, 0.02 to 1.07; p-value = 0.04) and percent of calories from protein (2.54%, 0.22 to 4.87%; p-value = 0.04) and reduced the consumption of potatoes (−0.16 serving/d, -0.30 to −0.03; p-value = 0.02). No significant changes were observed for children’s levels of physical activity, BMI, or waist circumference. Results from this pilot support the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of early lifestyle intervention among pediatric ALL survivors.
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Lindsay AC, Arruda CAM, De Andrade GP, Machado MMT, Greaney ML. Parenting practices that may encourage and discourage physical activity in preschool-age children of Brazilian immigrant families: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214143. [PMID: 30893366 PMCID: PMC6426301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazilians are a rapidly increasing Latino immigrant group in the United States (US), yet little research has examined factors influencing physical activity (PA) levels and behaviors of children growing up in Brazilian immigrant families. This information is needed to develop culturally sensitive interventions tailored to this population. Therefore, this qualitative study explored PA parenting practices used by Brazilian immigrant mothers living in the US. Thirty-seven Brazilian immigrant mothers with at least one child between the ages of 2 and 5 years participated in 1of 7 focus group discussions. Thematic analysis identified seven parenting practices that mothers employ that may encourage or facilitate physical activity their preschool-aged children's PA including: 1) modeling PA; 2) engaging and being physically active with child; 3) providing logistic support; 4) encouraging, praising, and offering motivational support; 5) watching, supervising, and teaching children how to engage in PA; 6) monitoring and setting limits to child's screen time; and 7) prompting child to be physically active. In addition, analysis identified four parenting practices that may discourage or inhibit children's PA including: 1) modeling of sedentary behaviors; 2) having rules and restrictions due to safety- and weather-related concerns; 3) limiting child's outdoor time due to parental time constraints; and 4) restricting child's outdoor and play time as punishment. Furthermore, analyses demonstrated that social contextual factors (e.g., income, housing, neighborhood safety, etc.) influence mothers' PA parenting practices and consequently, their children's PA. This is the first qualitative study, to our knowledge, to explore PA parenting practices of Brazilian-born immigrant mothers living in the US. Future research should further explore PA parenting practices of Brazilian immigrant parents including quantifying PA parenting practices that encourage and discourage PA, as well as examining the influence of fathers' PA parenting practices on young children's PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Lindsay
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Mary L. Greaney
- Health Studies & Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States America
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Wright KE, Furzer BJ, Licari MK, Thornton AL, Dimmock JA, Naylor LH, Reid SL, Kwan SR, Jackson B. Physiological characteristics, self-perceptions, and parental support of physical activity in children with, or at risk of, developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 84:66-74. [PMID: 29914720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Children with low movement proficiency have been identified as having poorer physiological and psychosocial outcomes; however, the varied measurement approaches used to assess these outcomes have varied resulting in conflicting evidence regarding the presence and magnitude of differences compared to Typically Developing (TD) children. Additionally, there has been limited research into the role of parental support for physical activity (PA) in this group. We compared children with varying levels of movement proficiency on physiological characteristics and self-perceptions regarding PA. In addition, these children's parents were compared on physiological characteristics and support of their children's PA. Children (N = 117) aged 6 to 12 years, along with their parent/guardian, participated in this study. Children were classified according to the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 test (Typically Developing (TD) = 60; At Risk = 19; Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) = 38). Children's PA, muscle strength, cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF), body composition, and self-perceptions regarding PA were assessed, with parents assessed on CRF, body composition, and PA support. Compared to TD children, children with DCD had lower PA (p = 0.036), predilection (p ≤0.001) and adequacy (p ≤0.001) regarding PA, higher body fat percentage (p = 0.019), and received less logistic support (i.e., transportation) from their parents (p = 0.012). TD children had increased muscle strength compared to the DCD (p ≤ 0.001) and At Risk (p ≤ 0.001) groups. Results indicated that, relative to TD children, children with DCD have multiple physiological deficits, receive less parental logistic support for PA involvement, and report lower scores on psychological constructs that are predictive of PA involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemi E Wright
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia.
| | - Bonnie J Furzer
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | - Melissa K Licari
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | - Ashleigh L Thornton
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | - James A Dimmock
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | - Louise H Naylor
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | - Siobhan L Reid
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | - Stephanie R Kwan
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia
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Niermann CYN, Gerards SMPL, Kremers SPJ. Conceptualizing Family Influences on Children's Energy Balance-Related Behaviors: Levels of Interacting Family Environmental Subsystems (The LIFES Framework). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122714. [PMID: 30513788 PMCID: PMC6313966 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Healthy or unhealthy behavioral patterns develop and are maintained in a family context. The importance of the family environment for children’s and adolescents’ energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) has been shown previously. However, the way different family environmental factors are interrelated and interact with personal factors (e.g., motivation) are not well understood. Furthermore, the majority of studies have focused on the parent-child subsystem. However, there are family-level socialization dynamics that affect the development of a healthy lifestyle beyond the impact of parenting behaviors. The current paper aims to synthesize theoretical and empirical literature on different types of family influences. The Levels of Interacting Family Environmental Subsystems (LIFES) framework incorporates family influences on three levels (immediate, proximal, distal) and of three subsystems (individual, parent-child, family), relates them to each other and postulates potential paths of influence on children’s EBRBs. Several studies examining specific sections of the framework provide empirical support for LIFES’ propositions. Future studies should place their research in the context of the interrelationship of different family environmental influences. A better understanding of the interrelated influences would enhance the understanding of the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity among children and is crucial for the development of effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Y N Niermann
- Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 30, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Sanne M P L Gerards
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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25
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Kruk M, Zarychta K, Horodyska K, Boberska M, Scholz U, Radtke T, Luszczynska A. From enjoyment to physical activity or from physical activity to enjoyment? Longitudinal associations in parent–child dyads. Psychol Health 2018; 33:1269-1283. [DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2018.1489049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kruk
- Wroclaw Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Zarychta
- Wroclaw Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Horodyska
- Wroclaw Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Monika Boberska
- Wroclaw Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Urte Scholz
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Theda Radtke
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandra Luszczynska
- Wroclaw Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland
- University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
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26
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Gubbels JS, Stessen K, van de Kolk I, de Vries NK, Thijs C, Kremers SPJ. Energy balance-related parenting and child-care practices: The importance of meso-system consistency. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203689. [PMID: 30192864 PMCID: PMC6128647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our knowledge of the role of parental and child-care staff behavior in the development and prevention of obesity is rapidly increasing. Potential interaction between both settings in so-called meso-systems, as hypothesized by the ecological systems perspective, is however often ignored. Specifically, inconsistency between home and child-care is hypothesized to have negative effects on child outcomes. Methods Participants were recruited through 23 child-care centers in the Netherlands. Data regarding 161 child-parent-child-care staff triads were available. Parenting and child care practices were assessed using validated questionnaires for parents (Child Feeding Practices Questionnaire, Preschooler Physical Activity Parenting Practices instrument) and child-care staff (Child-care Food and Activity Practices Questionnaire), using similar items in both settings. Absolute difference scores between parents and child-care staff were calculated for each triad as a measure of meso-system consistency. Child outcomes were physical activity (as assessed by accelerometry), dietary intake (from the parental questionnaire), and measured BMI z-scores. Paired t-tests were used to examine consistency between practices in both settings. Linear regression analyses were used to explore the association of parenting practices, child-care practices and difference scores on the one hand, and child outcomes on the other. Results Significant differences between settings were found for almost all practices, and in most cases child-care staff scores more favorable on the practices than parents. Inconsistencies were mostly associated with unhealthy dietary intake and lower physical activity levels, but not with BMI. Conclusion The current study showed that inconsistencies in parenting and child-care practices exist, and that these inconsistencies seem to be associated with unhealthy behavior in children. The results underline the importance of studying meso-system influences on behavior in general, and children’s energy balance-related behavior specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S. Gubbels
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Kelly Stessen
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ilona van de Kolk
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nanne K. de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carel Thijs
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Stef P. J. Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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27
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Sevil J, García-González L, Abós Á, Generelo Lanaspa E, Aibar Solana A. Which School Community Agents Influence Adolescents' Motivational Outcomes and Physical Activity? Are More Autonomy-Supportive Relationships Necessarily Better? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1875. [PMID: 30200200 PMCID: PMC6163350 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The first aim of this work was to examine the independent influence of students' perceived autonomy support for leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), from different school community agents, on motivational outcomes in a LTPA context and objective PA levels. Using both a variable- and person-centered approach, the second aim was to examine how different combinations of autonomy-support were associated with students' motivational outcomes in a LTPA context and PA levels. A sample of 178 secondary students (M = 13.26 ± 0.64) participated in the study. Autonomy support for LTPA from the PE teacher, mother, father, and peers were the only agents that significantly and positively predicted motivational outcomes in a LTPA context and PA levels. While the two- and three-way interactions of some of these four significant sources significantly increased the explained variance of some motivational outcomes, the plots revealed that the lowest values of motivational outcomes were associated with low values of perceived autonomy support. A cluster analysis revealed five profiles. The "high autonomy support" group reported the most optimal outcomes, whereas the "low autonomy support" group showed the opposite pattern. However, mixed autonomy support profiles did not differ in any of the outcomes. The adoption of a whole-of-school approach seems decisive to empower adolescents to be active in and out of school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sevil
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Luis García-González
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Ángel Abós
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Generelo Lanaspa
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22001 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Alberto Aibar Solana
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Didactics of the Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Zaragoza, 22003 Huesca, Spain.
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28
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Barnes AT, Young MD, Murtagh EM, Collins CE, Plotnikoff RC, Morgan PJ. Effectiveness of mother and daughter interventions targeting physical activity, fitness, nutrition and adiposity: A systematic review. Prev Med 2018; 111:55-66. [PMID: 29291423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and poor dietary habits in women pose a clear public health burden. Mothers are generally the main female role model for daughters, therefore, targeting intergenerational females simultaneously may be a novel approach. However, the effectiveness of this approach to improve physical activity, fitness, nutrition and adiposity has not been systematically examined. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of physical activity, fitness and nutrition interventions targeting mothers and their daughters. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Psychinfo, EMBASE, Ovid Medline, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Sportdiscus and Informit were searched for English language studies (1980-2015). STUDY SELECTION Randomized controlled trials (RCTS), non-randomized experimental trials and pre-post studies of physical activity, fitness, nutrition and adiposity interventions targeting mothers and daughters were eligible if they reported changes in physical activity, fitness, dietary intake or adiposity. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted using a standardized template and checked by a second author. DATA SYNTHESIS 3577 articles were screened and 14 unique studies (7 RCTs, 1 pseudo-randomized, 1 non-randomized, 5 pre-post) met the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies were conducted in the US (n=11) and most were limited by methodological concerns. Of the RCTs that targeted each outcome exclusively, ≤20%, ≤20% ≤21% and 0% were successful for improving physical activity, fitness, nutrition and adiposity respectively. CONCLUSIONS Overall, evidence for the effectiveness of mother-daughter interventions to improve physical activity, fitness, nutrition and adiposity is inconclusive. The diversity of study designs, exposures and outcomes used, along with methodological weaknesses means that well-designed and reported RCTs are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyce T Barnes
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, 2308, Australia.
| | - Myles D Young
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, 2308, Australia.
| | - Elaine M Murtagh
- Department of Arts Education and Physical Education, Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Clare E Collins
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, 2308, Australia.
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, 2308, Australia.
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, 2308, Australia.
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29
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Murtagh EM, Barnes AT, McMullen J, Morgan PJ. Mothers and teenage daughters walking to health: using the behaviour change wheel to develop an intervention to improve adolescent girls' physical activity. Public Health 2018; 158:37-46. [PMID: 29544174 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The majority of adolescent girls fail to meet public health guidelines for physical activity. Engaging mothers in the promotion of physical activity for their daughters may be an important strategy to facilitate behaviour change. The aim of this study was to use the behaviour change wheel (BCW) framework to design the components of an intervention to improve adolescent girls' physical activity. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study to inform intervention development. METHODS The BCW framework was used to (1) understand the behaviour, (2) identify intervention functions and (3) select content and implementation options. A circular development process was undertaken by the research team to collectively design the intervention in accordance with the steps recommended by the BCW. RESULTS The BCW design process resulted in the selection of six intervention functions (education, persuasion, incentivization, training, modelling, enablement) and 18 behaviour change techniques delivered via group-based, face-to-face mode. Behaviour change technique groupings include: goals and planning; feedback and monitoring; social support; shaping knowledge; natural consequences; comparison of behaviour; associations; comparison of outcomes; reward and threat; identity; and, self-belief. CONCLUSIONS The BCW process allowed an in-depth consideration of the target behaviours and provided a systematic framework for developing the intervention. The feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the programme will be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Murtagh
- Department of Arts Education & Physical Education, Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - A T Barnes
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - J McMullen
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO 80639, USA
| | - P J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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30
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Lindsay AC, Wasserman M, Muñoz MA, Wallington SF, Greaney ML. Examining Influences of Parenting Styles and Practices on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Latino Children in the United States: Integrative Review. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2018; 4:e14. [PMID: 29382629 PMCID: PMC5811651 DOI: 10.2196/publichealth.8159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research indicates that parents influence their children's physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) through their parenting styles and practices. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this paper were to evaluate existing research examining the associations between parenting styles, parenting practices, and PA and SB among Latino children aged between 2 and 12 years, highlight limitations of the existing research, and generate suggestions for future research. METHODS The method of this integrative review was informed by methods developed by Whittemore and Knafl, which allow for the inclusion of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidelines, five electronic academic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and CINAHL) were searched for peer-reviewed, full-text papers published in English. Of the 641 unique citations identified, 67 full-text papers were retrieved, and 16 were selected for review. RESULTS The majority of the 16 reviewed studies were conducted with predominantly Mexican American or Mexican immigrant samples, and only 1 study examined the association between parenting styles and Latino children's PA and SB. Most (n=15) reviewed studies assessed the influence of parenting practices on children's PA and SB, and they provide good evidence that parenting practices such as offering verbal encouragement, prompting the child to be physically active, providing logistic support, engaging and being involved in PA, monitoring, and offering reinforcement and rewards encourage, facilitate, or increase children's PA. The examined studies also provide evidence that parenting practices, such as setting rules and implementing PA restrictions due to safety concerns, weather, and using psychological control discourage, hinder, or decrease children's PA. CONCLUSIONS Because this review found a very small number of studies examining the relationship between parenting styles and Latino children's PA and SB, additional research is needed. Given that the majority of reviewed studies were conducted with predominantly Mexican American or Mexican immigrant samples, additional research examining parenting styles, parenting practices, and PA and SB among multiethnic Latino groups is needed to design interventions tailored to the needs of this ethnically diverse population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Lindsay
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Minerva Wasserman
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mario A Muñoz
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sherrie F Wallington
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mary L Greaney
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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31
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Diep CS, Leung R, Thompson D, Gor BJ, Baranowski T. Physical Activity Behaviors and Influences Among Chinese-American Children Aged 9-13 Years: A Qualitative Study. J Immigr Minor Health 2018; 19:358-366. [PMID: 27384684 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Low physical activity is a major health issue among Chinese Americans. This study explored Chinese-American children's physical activity behaviors and influencing factors. Twenty-five children of Chinese or Taiwanese descent were interviewed to understand their favorite sports or physical activities, physical activity environments, and influences on their physical activity. All were between the ages of 9 and 13. Interviews were transcribed and coded using thematic data analysis procedures. Major themes included: (1) team sports, particularly basketball, were commonly listed as favorite sports or activities; (2) physical activity occurred mostly at school or an after-school setting; and (3) family played a major role in physical activity. Some trends/differences were detected based on age, sex, and socioeconomic status. Interventions to promote physical activity among Chinese-American children should emphasize team sports and encourage physical activity in schools, but also explore ways to involves families outside of school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra S Diep
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Health Disparities Research - Unit 1440, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, P.O. Box 301402, Houston, TX, 77230-1402, USA.
| | - Randall Leung
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debbe Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Beverly J Gor
- Houston Health Department, Office of Planning, Evaluation and Research for Effectiveness, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tom Baranowski
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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32
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Jaeschke L, Steinbrecher A, Luzak A, Puggina A, Aleksovska K, Buck C, Burns C, Cardon G, Carlin A, Chantal S, Ciarapica D, Condello G, Coppinger T, Cortis C, De Craemer M, D'Haese S, Di Blasio A, Hansen S, Iacoviello L, Issartel J, Izzicupo P, Kanning M, Kennedy A, Ling FCM, Napolitano G, Nazare JA, Perchoux C, Polito A, Ricciardi W, Sannella A, Schlicht W, Sohun R, MacDonncha C, Boccia S, Capranica L, Schulz H, Pischon T. Socio-cultural determinants of physical activity across the life course: a 'Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity' (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:173. [PMID: 29262864 PMCID: PMC5738775 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regular physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of disease and premature death. Knowing factors associated with PA might help reducing the disease and economic burden caused by low activity. Studies suggest that socio-cultural factors may affect PA, but systematic overviews of findings across the life course are scarce. This umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) summarizes and evaluates available evidence on socio-cultural determinants of PA in children, adolescents, and adults. METHODS This manuscript was drafted following the recommendations of the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses' (PRISMA) checklist. The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs) on observational studies published in English that assessed PA determinants between January 2004 and April 2016. The methodological quality was assessed and relevant information on socio-cultural determinants and any associations with PA was extracted. The available evidence was evaluated based on the importance of potential determinants and the strength of the evidence. RESULTS Twenty SLRs and three MAs encompassing 657 eligible primary studies investigated potential socio-cultural PA determinants, with predominantly moderate methodological quality. Twenty-nine potential PA determinants were identified that were primarily assessed in children and adolescents and investigated the micro-environmental home/household level. We found probable evidence that receiving encouragement from significant others and having a companion for PA were associated with higher PA in children and adolescents, and that parental marital status (living with partner) and experiencing parental modeling were not associated with PA in children. Evidence for the other potential determinants was limited, suggestive, or non-conclusive. In adults, quantitative and conclusive data were scarce. CONCLUSIONS A substantial number of SLRs and MAs investigating potential socio-cultural determinants of PA were identified. Our data suggest that receiving social support from significant others may increase PA levels in children and adolescents, whereas parental marital status is not a determinant in children. Evidence for other potential determinants was limited. This was mainly due to inconsistencies in results on potential socio-cultural determinants of PA across reviews and studies. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS This umbrella SLR was recorded on PROSPERO (Record ID: CRD42015010616 ).
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Grants
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008. MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008. MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC F.S. 02.15.02 COD. B84G14000040008 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- 01EA1377 Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- 01EA1374 Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- 01EA1374 Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- 01EA1374 Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- 01EA1372C Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- 01EA1372E Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- CDR2.PRIN 2010/11 COD. 2010KL2Y73_003 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- CDR2.PRIN 2010/11 COD. 2010KL2Y73_003 MIUR (Italian Ministry of Instruction, University and Research)
- DEDIPAC-IRILD, D.M. 14474/7303/13 Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies, Italy
- DEDIPAC-IRILD, D.M. 14474/7303/13 Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies, Italy
- Research Foundation Flanders (BE)
- Health Research Board (IE)
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Institut National de Prévention et d’Education pour la Sante (INPES)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Jaeschke
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Astrid Steinbrecher
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Luzak
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Puggina
- Section of Hygiene - Institute of Public Health; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito, 1 -, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Katina Aleksovska
- Section of Hygiene - Institute of Public Health; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito, 1 -, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Christoph Buck
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Con Burns
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Munster, Ireland
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Angela Carlin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Simon Chantal
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, CarMeN INSERM U1060, University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Donatella Ciarapica
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Condello
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Tara Coppinger
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Cork Institute of Technology, Cork, Munster, Ireland
| | - Cristina Cortis
- Department of Human Sciences, Society, and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Cassino, Italy
| | - Marieke De Craemer
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara D'Haese
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrea Di Blasio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Sylvia Hansen
- Department for Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo: NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Johann Issartel
- School of Health and Human Performance, Multisensory Motor Learning Lab., Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Martina Kanning
- Department for Sport Sciences, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aileen Kennedy
- Centre for Preventive Medicine, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona Chun Man Ling
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Giorgio Napolitano
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Julie-Anne Nazare
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, CarMeN INSERM U1060, University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, CarMeN INSERM U1060, University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Angela Polito
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Ricciardi
- Section of Hygiene - Institute of Public Health; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", L.go F. Vito, 1 -, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanita - ISS), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sannella
- Department of Human Sciences, Society, and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Cassino, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Schlicht
- Department for Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rhoda Sohun
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ciaran MacDonncha
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene - Institute of Public Health; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", L.go F. Vito, 1 -, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102 St, New York, USA
| | - Laura Capranica
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - Holger Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Tu AW, O'Connor TM, Beauchamp MR, Hughes SO, Baranowski T, Mâsse LC. What do US and Canadian parents do to encourage or discourage physical activity among their 5-12 Year old children? BMC Public Health 2017; 17:920. [PMID: 29191203 PMCID: PMC5710093 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4918-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parents have the potential to substantively influence their child’s physical activity. This study identified the parenting practices of US and Canadian parents to encourage or discourage their 5-12 year-old child’s physical activity and to examine differences in parenting practices by country, parental sex, age of child, and income. Methods The sample consisted of 134 US and Canadian parents (54.5% US; 60.4% female) recruited from a web-based panel by a polling firm. The parents answered open-ended questions about what they and other parents do to encourage or discourage their child to be active. Responses were coded using a scheme previously developed to code items used in the published literature. Coded responses were summarized by domain and dimension with differences in responses by country, parental sex, age of child, or household income assessed with a log-linear analysis. Results The 134 parents provided 649 and 397 responses to ways that parents encourage or discourage their child’s physical activity, respectively. Over 70% of responses for practices that encourage physical activity were related to structure of the environment, parental encouragement, and co-participation. The most common response was co-participation in activity with the child. Of the practices that discourage physical activity, 67% were related to structure of the environment, lack of parental control, and modeling poor behaviors. The most common response was allowing screen time. There were no differences in response by country, parental sex, child age, or household income. Conclusions Parents most often encouraged physical activity through structure and emotional support and discouraged physical activity through lack of structure and control. Understanding how parents influence their child’s physical activity may help improve intervention strategies. The current results will inform the development of a physical activity parenting practices instrument. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-017-4918-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Tu
- Child & Family Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Teresia M O'Connor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark R Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sheryl O Hughes
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tom Baranowski
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Louise C Mâsse
- Child & Family Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Transmission of risk from parents with chronic pain to offspring: an integrative conceptual model. Pain 2017; 157:2628-2639. [PMID: 27380502 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Offspring of parents with chronic pain are at increased risk for pain and adverse mental and physical health outcomes (Higgins et al, 2015). Although the association between chronic pain in parents and offspring has been established, few studies have addressed why or how this relation occurs. Identifying mechanisms for the transmission of risk that leads to the development of chronic pain in offspring is important for developing preventive interventions targeted to decrease risk for chronic pain and related outcomes (eg, disability and internalizing symptoms). This review presents a conceptual model for the intergenerational transmission of chronic pain from parents to offspring with the goal of setting an agenda for future research and the development of preventive interventions. Our proposed model highlights 5 potential mechanisms for the relation between parental chronic pain and pediatric chronic pain and related adverse outcomes: (1) genetics, (2) alterations in early neurobiological development, (3) pain-specific social learning, (4), general parenting and family health, and (5) exposure to stressful environment. In addition, the model presents 3 potential moderators for the relation between parent and child chronic pain: (1) the presence of chronic pain in a second parent, (2) timing, course, and location of parental chronic pain, and (3) offspring's characteristics (ie, sex, developmental stage, race or ethnicity, and temperament). Such a framework highlights chronic pain as inherently familial and intergenerational, opening up avenues for new models of intervention and prevention that can be family centered and include at-risk children.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Temperament activity level can serve as a proxy for nondeliberate activity and an important part of overall energy expenditure. However, little is known about any association between temperament activity level and children's levels of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity. We examined whether temperament activity level in young children is associated with moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity later in childhood and midadolescence. We also assessed if parenting behaviors moderate any association. METHODS Data were obtained from 799 children and their mothers involved in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Growth curve analyses were used to examine the relationships over time, controlling for child and parent characteristics. RESULTS High temperament activity level at age 4.5 was associated with higher moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity at age 9 (β = 5.15; SE =2.47; P < .001). The association became no longer significant after 10.2 years of age. The association was moderated by parental support for physical activity (β = -2.56; SE = 1.01; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS Low temperament activity level in early childhood was a risk factor for low physical activity in later childhood and adolescence. Parental support for physical activity may be beneficial for children whose temperament activity level is low.
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Neshteruk CD, Nezami BT, Nino-Tapias G, Davison KK, Ward DS. The influence of fathers on children's physical activity: A review of the literature from 2009 to 2015. Prev Med 2017; 102:12-19. [PMID: 28652085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parents are influential in promoting children's physical activity. Yet, most research has focused on how mothers influence children's activity, while little empirical attention has been devoted to understanding how fathers may influence children's activity. The purpose of this review was to summarize observational studies from 2009 to 2015 examining the influence of fathers on children's physical activity. A publicly available database, from a prior systematic review, containing information on 667 studies of parenting and childhood obesity from 2009 to 2015 was searched for potential studies. Studies were eligible if: 1) fathers were included as participants, 2) results were presented for fathers separate from mothers, 3) fathers' physical activity or physical activity parenting was assessed, and 4) child physical activity was measured. Ten studies met eligibility criteria. All studies were rated as fair quality. The majority of studies (n=8) assessed the relationship between father and child physical activity. Of 27 associations tested, 14 (52%) were significant, indicating a modest, positive relationship between father and child activity. Of the studies examining fathers' physical activity parenting (n=3), there were three significant associations out of 15 tested (20%) and no consistency among measured constructs. No differences were observed in the influence of mothers vs. fathers on children's physical activity. Limited evidence was available to examine moderating effects of child sex or age. Few studies have examined the effect of fathers on child physical activity and this relationship remains unclear. Future studies should target fathers for research and investigate specific pathways through which fathers can influence child activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody D Neshteruk
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
| | - Brooke T Nezami
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Gianna Nino-Tapias
- Center for Comparative Studies in Race & Ethnicity, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kirsten K Davison
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dianne S Ward
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Sleddens EFC, Gubbels JS, Kremers SPJ, van der Plas E, Thijs C. Bidirectional associations between activity-related parenting practices, and child physical activity, sedentary screen-based behavior and body mass index: a longitudinal analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:89. [PMID: 28683749 PMCID: PMC5501263 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been generally assumed that activity-related parenting practices influence children’s activity behavior and weight status. However, vice versa parents may also change their parenting behaviors in response to their perceptions of their child’s activity behavior and weight status. This study examined the bidirectional relationships between activity-related parenting practices, and physical activity, sedentary screen-based behavior, and body mass index (BMI) between children’s age of 5 and 7 years. Methods Three scales of the Activity-related Parenting Questionnaire (i.e. ‘restriction of sedentary behavior’, ‘stimulation of physical activity’, and ‘monitoring of physical activity’) were completed by 1694 parents of the Dutch KOALA Birth Cohort Study at the child’s age of around 5 and again around age 7. Physical activity, sedentary screen-based behavior and BMI were measured at both ages as well. Linear regression models were used to estimate the bidirectional associations between each parenting practice and the child’s physical activity levels, sedentary screen-based behavior and BMI z-scores. Results Several parenting practices at age 5 predicted child physical activity, sedentary screen-based behavior, and BMI z-scores at age 7. Restriction of sedentary behavior positively predicted child BMI and sedentary screen-based behavior, whereas this practice negatively predicted child physical activity. In addition, stimulation of physical activity at age 5 was significantly associated with higher levels of child physical activity at age 7. The following child factors at age 5 predicted parenting practices at age 7: Child physical activity positively predicted parental stimulation of physical activity and monitoring activities. Sedentary screen-based behavior was associated with lower parental stimulation to be active. Conclusions Findings generally revealed that parents and children mutually influence each other’s behavior. A reinforcing feedback loop was present between parental stimulation of physical activity and child physical activity. Bidirectional parent-child interaction should be considered in future research in order to properly inform parenting-related intervention programs aimed at preventing or treating childhood overweight or obesity. System dynamic methods to explore the existence of reinforcing or balancing loops are needed in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester F C Sleddens
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica S Gubbels
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Eline van der Plas
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carel Thijs
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Mâsse LC, O’Connor TM, Tu AW, Hughes SO, Beauchamp MR, Baranowski T. Conceptualizing physical activity parenting practices using expert informed concept mapping analysis. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:574. [PMID: 28615050 PMCID: PMC5471850 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents are widely recognized as playing a central role in the development of child behaviors such as physical activity. As there is little agreement as to the dimensions of physical activity-related parenting practices that should be measured or how they should be operationalized, this study engaged experts to develop an integrated conceptual framework for assessing parenting practices that influence multiple aspects of 5 to 12 year old children's participation in physical activity. The ultimate goal of this study is to inform the development of an item bank (repository of calibrated items) aimed at measuring physical activity parenting practices. METHODS Twenty four experts from 6 countries (Australia, Canada, England, Scotland, the Netherlands, & United States (US)) sorted 77 physical activity parenting practice concepts identified from our previously published synthesis of the literature (74 measures) and survey of Canadian and US parents. Concept Mapping software was used to conduct the multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis and a cluster analysis of the MDS solution of the Expert's sorting which was qualitatively reviewed and commented on by the Experts. RESULTS The conceptual framework includes 12 constructs which are presented using three main domains of parenting practices (neglect/control, autonomy support, and structure). The neglect/control domain includes two constructs: permissive and pressuring parenting practices. The autonomy supportive domain includes four constructs: encouragement, guided choice, involvement in child physical activities, and praises/rewards for their child's physical activity. Finally, the structure domain includes six constructs: co-participation, expectations, facilitation, modeling, monitoring, and restricting physical activity for safety or academic concerns. CONCLUSION The concept mapping analysis provided a useful process to engage experts in re-conceptualizing physical activity parenting practices and identified key constructs to include in measures of physical activity parenting. While the constructs identified ought to be included in measures of physical activity parenting practices, it will be important to collect data among parents to further validate the content of these constructs. In conclusion, the method provided a roadmap for developing an item bank that captures key facets of physical activity parenting and ultimately serves to standardize how we operationalize measures of physical activity parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise C. Mâsse
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, F508-4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Teresia M. O’Connor
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, CNRC-2034 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Andrew W. Tu
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, F508-4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
| | - Sheryl O. Hughes
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, CNRC-2034 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Mark R. Beauchamp
- University of British Columbia, Rm 122 War Memorial Gymnasium, 6081 University Boulevard Vancouver, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Tom Baranowski
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, CNRC-2034 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Physical Activity Parenting Expert Group
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, F508-4480 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4 Canada
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, CNRC-2034 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- University of British Columbia, Rm 122 War Memorial Gymnasium, 6081 University Boulevard Vancouver, Vancouver, BC Canada
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Childhood cancer survivors experience excessive weight gain early in treatment. Lifestyle interventions need to be initiated early in cancer care to prevent the early onset of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We reviewed the existing literature on early lifestyle interventions in childhood cancer survivors and consider implications for clinical care. RECENT FINDINGS Few lifestyle interventions focus on improving nutrition in childhood cancer survivors. A consistent effect on reducing obesity and CVD risk factors is not evident from the limited number of studies with heterogeneous intervention characteristics, although interventions with a longer duration and follow-up show more promising trends. Future lifestyle interventions should be of a longer duration and include a nutrition component. Interventions with a longer duration and follow-up are needed to assess the timing and sustainability of the intervention effect. Lifestyle interventions introduced early in cancer care are both safe and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang Zhang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michael J Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The Floating Hospital for Children, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aviva Must
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Associations between Parental and Friend Social Support and Children's Physical Activity and Time Spent outside Playing. Int J Pediatr 2017; 2017:7582398. [PMID: 28348605 PMCID: PMC5350297 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7582398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the structural validity of a parent and a child questionnaire that assessed parental and friends' influences on children's physical activity and investigate the associations between the derived factors, physical activity, and time spent outside. Children (N = 154, mean age = 11.7) and 144 of their parents completed questionnaires assessing parental and friends' influences on children's physical activity. Children wore a pedometer for six days. Exploratory factor analyses revealed four factors for the parental and five for the child's questionnaire that explained 66.71% and 63.85% of the variance, respectively. Five factors were significantly associated with physical activity and five significantly associated with time spent outside. Higher correlations were revealed between “general friend support,” “friends' activity norms,” and physical activity (r = 0.343 and 0.333 resp., p < 0.001) and between “general friend support” and time spent outside (r = 0.460, p < 0.001). Obtaining information relating to parental and friends' influences on physical activity from both parents and children may provide a more complete picture of influences. Parents and friends seem to influence children's physical activity behavior and time spent outside, but friends' influences may have a stronger impact on children's behaviors.
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Zhang FF, Meagher S, Scheurer M, Folta S, Finnan E, Criss K, Economos C, Dreyer Z, Kelly M. Developing a Web-Based Weight Management Program for Childhood Cancer Survivors: Rationale and Methods. JMIR Res Protoc 2016; 5:e214. [PMID: 27864163 PMCID: PMC5135730 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.6381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to advances in the field of oncology, survival rates for children with cancer have improved significantly. However, these childhood cancer survivors are at a higher risk for obesity and cardiovascular diseases and for developing these conditions at an earlier age. Objective In this paper, we describe the rationale, conceptual framework, development process, novel components, and delivery plan of a behavioral intervention program for preventing unhealthy weight gain in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods A Web-based program, the Healthy Eating and Active Living (HEAL) program, was designed by a multidisciplinary team of researchers who first identified behaviors that are appropriate targets for weight management in childhood ALL survivors and subsequently developed the intervention components, following core behavioral change strategies grounded in social cognitive and self-determination theories. Results The Web-based HEAL curriculum has 12 weekly self-guided sessions to increase parents’ awareness of the potential impact of cancer treatment on weight and lifestyle habits and the importance of weight management in survivors’ long-term health. It empowers parents with knowledge and skills on parenting, nutrition, and physical activity to help them facilitate healthy eating and active living soon after the child completes intensive cancer treatment. Based on social cognitive theory, the program is designed to increase behavioral skills (goal-setting, self-monitoring, and problem-solving) and self-efficacy and to provide positive reinforcement to sustain behavioral change. Conclusions Lifestyle interventions are a priority for preventing the early onset of obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in childhood cancer survivors. Intervention programs need to meet survivors’ targeted behavioral needs, address specific barriers, and capture a sensitive window for behavioral change. In addition, they should be convenient, cost-effective and scalable. Future studies are needed to evaluate the feasibility of introducing weight management early in cancer care and the efficacy of early weight management on survivors’ health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang Zhang
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | - Sara Folta
- Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | - ZoAnn Dreyer
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Kowaleski-Jones L, Fan JX, Wen M, Hanson H. Neighborhood Context and Youth Physical Activity: Differential Associations by Gender and Age. Am J Health Promot 2016; 31:426-434. [DOI: 10.1177/0890117116667353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this research is to examine the extent to which facets of neighborhood sociodemographic contexts influence individual-level physical activity (PA) among youth. Design: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), geographic information systems (GIS), and census data sources, we explicitly test whether built environment factors have differential associations depending on the age and gender of the youth living in urban census tracts. Setting: Participants are from the NHANES 2003 to 2006 waves. Participants: The study sample for this article was 2706 youth aged 6 to 17 years with valid PA accelerometer measures. Measures: A measure of park accessibility was constructed from the 2006 park GIS layer in Environmental System Research Institute ArcGIS 9.3 data. Average daily minutes of moderate to vigorous PA in bouts equal to or longer than 1 minute were recorded using accelerometers over 4 to 7 days. Analysis: Analysis was conducted with SAS 9.2, including descriptive analyses and linear regression for PA. Results: Findings suggest that built environment features are especially salient for adolescents and youth living in urban areas. Vigorous activity varied by the age and gender of the youth. For example, greater distance to parks is associated with a decrease in PA among girls and boys aged 6 to 11 years. Among teens, distance to parks is significantly associated with decreases in PA among the total sample and among male teens. However, an increase in population density is associated with less time spent in PA among youth aged 6 to 11 years but more PA among teens. Conclusion: These analyses represent an important step to considering the implications of modifiable environmental features for youth and contrast with existing literature for adults. Results speak to the efficacy of built environment measures in urban communities and the importance of considering the possibility of differing patterns of associations in childhood and adolescence and by gender. Results from this research inform policy efforts to interdict in the growing trend of youth inactivity in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Kowaleski-Jones
- Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jessie X. Fan
- Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Heidi Hanson
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Parental involvement in exercise and diet interventions for childhood cancer survivors: a systematic review. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:338-46. [PMID: 27064243 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk of becoming overweight or obese due to treatment effects and/or post-treatment behaviors. Parents are key agents influencing child diet and physical activity (PA), which are modifiable risk factors for obesity. A systematic literature review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was undertaken to evaluate current interventions that include diet and PA elements for CCS to determine if and to what extent parents were included, and whether parent involvement had a significant effect on behavioral outcomes or adiposity. A total of 2,386 potential articles were reviewed and 25 individual studies fulfilled inclusion criteria. Parental involvement was classified into three categories and varied across studies, although most had indirect or no parental involvement. The studies that included direct parental involvement showed positive outcomes on a variety of measures suggesting that increasing parental involvement in interventions for CCS may be one way to promote long-term lifestyle changes for pediatric cancer patients. However, additional research directly addressing parental involvement in obesity prevention and treatment among CCS is warranted.
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Pyper E, Harrington D, Manson H. The impact of different types of parental support behaviours on child physical activity, healthy eating, and screen time: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:568. [PMID: 27554089 PMCID: PMC4995744 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Canada, 31.5 % of children are overweight or obese, putting them at an increased risk of chronic co-morbidities and premature mortality. Physical activity, healthy eating, and screen time are important behavioural determinants of childhood overweight and obesity that are influenced by the family environment, and particularly parents' support behaviours. However, there is currently a limited understanding of which types of these support behaviours have the greatest positive impact on healthy child behaviours. This study aims to determine the relative contribution of different types of parental support behaviours for predicting the likelihood that children meet established guidelines for daily physical activity, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, and recreational screen time. METHODS A Computer Assisted Telephone Interview survey was used to collect data from a random sample of parents or guardians with at least one child under the age of 18 in Ontario (n = 3,206). Three multivariable logistic regression models were built to predict whether or not parents reported their child was meeting guidelines. Independent variables included parent and child age and gender, multiple indicators of parental support behaviours, and socio-demographic characteristics. Parental support behaviours were categorized post-hoc as motivational, instrumental, regulatory, and conditional based on an adapted framework. RESULTS Controlling for all other factors in the model, several parental support behaviours were found to be significant predictors of children meeting established health guidelines. For example, conditional support behaviours including taking the child to places where they can be active (OR: 2.06; 95 % CI: 1.32-3.21), and eating meals as a family away from the TV (95 % CI: 1.15-2.41) were significant positive predictors of children meeting physical activity and fruit and vegetable guidelines, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Health promotion efforts aimed at improving particular parent support behaviours could be effective levers for mitigating the burden of excess body weight in childhood. As such, the influence of support behaviours should be fully considered in any comprehensive approach to prevention and reduction of childhood overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Pyper
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V2, Canada.
| | - Daniel Harrington
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V2, Canada.,School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Toronto, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Heather Manson
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1V2, Canada.,School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Toronto, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
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Lampard AM, Nishi A, Baskin ML, Carson TL, Davison KK. The Activity Support Scale for Multiple Groups (ACTS-MG): Child-reported Physical Activity Parenting in African American and Non-Hispanic White Families. Behav Med 2016; 42:112-9. [PMID: 25350515 PMCID: PMC4412752 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2014.979757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of a child-report, multidimensional measure of physical activity (PA) parenting, the Activity Support Scale for Multiple Groups (ACTS-MG), in African American and non-Hispanic white families. The ACTS-MG was administered to children aged 5 to 12 years. A three factor model of PA parenting (Modeling of PA, Logistic Support, and Restricting Access to Screen-based Activities) was tested separately for mother's and fathers' PA parenting. The proposed three-factor structure was supported in both racial groups for mothers' PA parenting and in the African American sample for fathers' PA parenting. Factorial invariance between racial groups was demonstrated for mother's PA parenting. Building on a previous study examining the ACTS-MG parent-report, this study supports the use of the ACTS-MG child-report for mothers' PA parenting. However, further research is required to investigate the measurement of fathers' PA parenting across racial groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M. Lampard
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Akihiro Nishi
- Yale Institute for Network Science, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Sociology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Monica L. Baskin
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tiffany L. Carson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kirsten K. Davison
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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The Child-care Food and Activity Practices Questionnaire (CFAPQ): development and first validation steps. Public Health Nutr 2015; 19:1964-75. [PMID: 26634610 PMCID: PMC4990721 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015003444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a questionnaire to measure food-related and activity-related practices of child-care staff, based on existing, validated parenting practices questionnaires. DESIGN A selection of items from the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) and the Preschooler Physical Activity Parenting Practices (PPAPP) questionnaire was made to include items most suitable for the child-care setting. The converted questionnaire was pre-tested among child-care staff during cognitive interviews and pilot-tested among a larger sample of child-care staff. Factor analyses with Varimax rotation and internal consistencies were used to examine the scales. Spearman correlations, t tests and ANOVA were used to examine associations between the scales and staff's background characteristics (e.g. years of experience, gender). SETTING Child-care centres in the Netherlands. SUBJECTS The qualitative pre-test included ten child-care staff members. The quantitative pilot test included 178 child-care staff members. RESULTS The new questionnaire, the Child-care Food and Activity Practices Questionnaire (CFAPQ), consists of sixty-three items (forty food-related and twenty-three activity-related items), divided over twelve scales (seven food-related and five activity-related scales). The CFAPQ scales are to a large extent similar to the original CFPQ and PPAPP scales. The CFAPQ scales show sufficient internal consistency with Cronbach's α ranging between 0·53 and 0·96, and average corrected item-total correlations within acceptable ranges (0·30-0·89). Several of the scales were significantly associated with child-care staff's background characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Scale psychometrics of the CFAPQ indicate it is a valid questionnaire that assesses child-care staff's practices related to both food and activities.
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ten Hoor GA, Sleddens EFC, Kremers SPJ, Schols AMWJ, Kok G, Plasqui G. Aerobic and strength exercises for youngsters aged 12 to 15: what do parents think? BMC Public Health 2015; 15:994. [PMID: 26423524 PMCID: PMC4589906 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although strength exercises evidently have both physiological and psychological health benefits across all ages, they are erroneously considered to adversely affect health status in youngsters. The aim of this study was to examine parental attitudes towards their child's physical activity in general, as well as aerobic and strength exercises in particular. METHODS In total, 314 parents from an online panel representative of the Dutch population completed an online survey about their own physical activity and that of their child (12-15 years old). The study also explored reasons for non-participation, and attitudes about the parents' own and their child's physical activity level. RESULTS Parents consistently reported a positive attitude towards aerobic exercises, but a less positive attitude regarding strength exercises. Parents were more likely to indicate that their child was not allowed to participate in strength exercises (29.6 %) than aerobic exercises (4.0 %). They thought that strength exercises could interfere with optimal physical development. CONCLUSIONS This study consistently shows that parents have a positive attitude towards aerobic exercises, but a less positive attitude regarding strength exercises. We suggest testing interventions to increase parental understanding of the advantages of and possibilities for (e.g., facilities) strength training on their child's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gill A ten Hoor
- Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ester F C Sleddens
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Annemie M W J Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerjo Kok
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Guy Plasqui
- Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Draper CE, Grobler L, Micklesfield LK, Norris SA. Impact of social norms and social support on diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour of adolescents: a scoping review. Child Care Health Dev 2015; 41:654-67. [PMID: 25809525 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood is rapidly increasing, and it is essential that risk factors for NCDs be addressed in adolescence, both for the health of individuals during adolescence and for their health in later life. These risk factors include diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. No literature has been published that comprehensively summarizes the impact of social norms and social support on these behaviours among adolescents. Therefore, a scoping review was conducted to determine the extent of recent (since 2000) literature available on this topic. A comprehensive search strategy was used to search PubMed and EMBASE for eligible reviews. Review papers (narrative reviews, systematic and non-systematic reviews) published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to February 2013 were included in the overview. Two of the authors screened the titles and abstracts of the search results independently. Thirty reviews were included in the scoping review. This scoping review has shown sufficient evidence for parental influences, and especially the positive impact of an authoritative parenting style, on healthy behaviours of adolescents, although the evidence is somewhat more compelling for diet than for physical activity and sedentary behaviour. More research is needed to investigate parental and family influences on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. And the effect of peer influences on diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour of adolescents requires further investigation. The evidence presented affirms the consideration of social norms and social support in the development of interventions to address these behaviours in adolescents. The evidence regarding parenting style provides some concrete guidance for such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Draper
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L Grobler
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - L K Micklesfield
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - S A Norris
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Crutzen R, Giabbanelli PJ, Jander A, Mercken L, de Vries H. Identifying binge drinkers based on parenting dimensions and alcohol-specific parenting practices: building classifiers on adolescent-parent paired data. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:747. [PMID: 26243154 PMCID: PMC4526422 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most Dutch adolescents aged 16 to 18 engage in binge drinking. Previous studies have investigated how parenting dimensions and alcohol-specific parenting practices are related to adolescent alcohol consumption. Mixed results have been obtained on both dimensions and practices, highlighting the complexity of untangling alcohol-related factors. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) whether parents' reports of parenting dimensions and alcohol-specific parenting practices, adolescents' perceptions of these dimensions and practices, or a combination are most informative to identify binge drinkers, and (2) which of these parenting dimensions and alcohol-specific parenting practices are most informative to identify binge drinkers. METHODS Survey data of 499 adolescent-parent dyads were collected. The computational technique of data mining was used to allow for a data driven exploration of nonlinear relationships. Specifically, a binary classification task, using an alternating decision tree, was conducted and measures regarding the performance of the classifiers are reported after a 10-fold cross-validation. RESULTS Depending on the parenting dimension or practice, parents' reports correctly identified the drinking behaviour of 55.8% (using psychological control) up to 70.2% (using rules) of adolescents. Adolescents' perceptions were best at identifying binge drinkers whereas parents' perceptions were best at identifying non-binge drinkers. CONCLUSIONS Of the parenting dimensions and practices, rules are particularly informative in understanding drinking behaviour. Adolescents' perceptions and parents' reports are complementary as they can help identifying binge drinkers and non-binge drinkers respectively, indicating that surveying specific aspects of adolescent-parent dynamics can improve our understanding of complex addictive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Crutzen
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Philippe J Giabbanelli
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK. .,Interdisciplinary Research in the Mathematical and Computational Sciences (IRMACS) Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
| | - Astrid Jander
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Liesbeth Mercken
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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