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Uy JP, Gotlib IH. Associations among early life adversity, sleep disturbances, and depressive symptoms in adolescent females and males: a longitudinal investigation. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:1037-1046. [PMID: 38156675 PMCID: PMC11213826 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to adversity early in life (ELA) has been associated with elevated risk for depression during adolescence, particularly for females; the mechanisms underlying this association, however, are poorly understood. One potential mechanism linking ELA and sex differences in depressive symptoms is sleep disturbances, which increase during adolescence and are more common in females. Here, we examined whether sleep disturbances mediate the association between ELA and increases in depressive symptoms during adolescence and whether this mediation differs by sex. METHODS 224 (N = 132 females) youth were recruited at age 9-13 years and assessed every 2 years across three timepoints. At the first timepoint, we conducted extensive interviews about stressful events participants experienced; participants provided subjective severity ratings of events and we objectively scored the severity of each event. Self-reported sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms were assessed at all timepoints. We conducted linear mixed models to estimate both initial levels and changes in sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms, and moderated mediation analyses to test whether initial levels and/or changes in sleep disturbances mediated the association of ELA (objective and subjective) with increases in depressive symptoms across adolescence and whether the mediations differed by sex. RESULTS While higher initial levels and increases in sleep problems were uniquely associated with increases in depressive symptoms for males and females, they were related to ELA differently by sex. For females, greater ELA (both objectively and subjectively rated) was associated with higher initial levels of sleep problems, which in turn were associated with increases in depressive symptoms from early to late adolescence. In contrast, for males, ELA exposure was not associated with either initial levels of, or increases in, sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the role of sleep disturbances during the transition to adolescence in mediating sex differences in the effects of ELA on depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. Uy
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ian. H. Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Choe C, Yu S. Trajectories of Problem Behaviors and Information Technology Use Among Adolescents: A Latent Growth Model Using the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01736-9. [PMID: 39017767 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the association between computer and mobile phone online activities and adolescents' problem behaviors (e.g., depressive symptoms, withdrawal, somatic complaints, attention deficit, and aggression) using data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey and latent growth model analysis. The results demonstrated that text-related activities lowered withdrawal and attention deficit. Higher use of online communities or personal websites was associated with higher depressive symptoms, withdrawal, somatic symptoms, and aggression. Online gaming increased both attention deficit' initial value and its decrease rate. Taking photos decreased withdrawal. Watching videos increased depressive symptoms, withdrawal, and attention deficit. Listening to music lowered attention deficit' initial value and somatic symptoms' decrease rate. Accessing adult websites increased attention deficit and aggression. Educational information searches reduced attention deficit and aggression. Online transactions increased somatic symptoms. This study indicates that adolescents' problem behaviors may appear differently depending on the type of information technology use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Choe
- Department of Economics, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Seunghee Yu
- College of General Eduction, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02707, Korea.
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3
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Mallya A, Koppad R, Kumar P. Depression, anxiety, and stress among urban and rural adolescents in Shivamogga, Karnataka. F1000Res 2024; 12:1583. [PMID: 38948506 PMCID: PMC11211729 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.139603.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Currently there are 1.3 billion adolescents worldwide, which makes up 16% of the world population. Over 20% of adolescents around the world are thought to have behavioural or mental health issues. Addressing mental health issues is very important for the promotion of positive health in adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among adolescents in urban and rural areas of Shivamogga. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 350 adolescents aged 16 to 19 years each from urban and rural areas of Shivamogga. Results Depression, anxiety and stress were found to be 23.1%, 29.4% and 26.6% in urban areas and 19.1%, 24% and 21.1% in rural areas respectively. Depression was more common among females in both urban and rural settings, with a significant difference observed in rural areas. Anxiety and stress were also more prevalent among females, with anxiety significantly higher in urban females. Urban adolescents exhibited higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress compared to their rural counterparts. Conclusions About a quarter of the adolescent population suffers from depression anxiety and stress. Adopting and implementing better education and health policies are necessary to enhance adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Mallya
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Raghavendraswamy Koppad
- Department of Community Medicine, Shivamogga Institute of Medical Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, 577201, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Shivamogga Institute of Medical Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, 577201, India
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Rudolphi JM, Berg RL. Stress, Mental Health, and Risk-Taking: Associations among a Sample of Agricultural Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:830. [PMID: 39063407 PMCID: PMC11276652 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Farm stress and mental health research has largely focused on adult producers, even though youths live and work on farms. The purpose of this study is to describe the stress and mental health experience of agricultural youths and describe participation in risk-taking behaviors. Farm families in the U.S. were invited to participate in an online survey that inquired about farm economics, stress (ASQ-S), mental health (PHQ-A and SCARED), parenting, social support, and risk-taking behaviors during the summers in 2021 and 2022. This analysis is limited to adolescent respondents (N = 298). Just over 70% of the farm adolescent sample met the criteria for at least mild symptoms of depression (PHQ-A score ≥ 5). Among anxiety disorders, 62.8% of the farm adolescent sample met the criteria for probable panic disorder, and 70.5% met the criteria for probable separation anxiety disorder. Adolescents reported the most stress around future uncertainty and school performance. The stress scores were significantly associated with more symptoms of depression. Over a quarter (27.7%) of the participants reported carrying a weapon at least 1 day in the past month, and 22.5% reported carrying a weapon on school property at least 1 day in the past month. Violence-related risk-taking behaviors were also associated with increased symptoms of depression. The results underscore the need for community- and school-based stress and mental health interventions in rural and agricultural communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie M. Rudolphi
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana, Champaign, IL 60801, USA
| | - Richard L. Berg
- Office of Research Computing and Analytics, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
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Thanachoksawang C, Arphorn S, Jarupat Maruo S, Punneng S, Ishimaru T, Bangkadanara G. Psychological Distress Among High School Students in Bangkok Thailand. Health Psychol Res 2024; 12:120045. [PMID: 38915787 PMCID: PMC11196123 DOI: 10.52965/001c.120045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated psychological distress among high school students in Thailand.A sample of 8,345 students from thirty-five Bangkok schools voluntarily participated, responding to a questionnaire and undergoing stress assessments. Socio-demographic factors including grade level, school scale, hometown, parental marital status, presence of siblings, gender, health conditions, online classes, and family monthly income were analyzed. Results Of the participants, 1,087 (13.02%) experienced psychological distress. Grade level, school scale, hometown, parental marital status, and siblings' presence showed no significant associations with distress. However, being female or transgender correlated with higher distress levels. Students with health issues and those in online classes also experienced elevated distress. Additionally, a family monthly income below 10,000 Thai Baht was associated with distress. Conclusion This study sheds light on factors contributing to psychological distress in high school students. It highlights the need for tailored support for vulnerable groups within the student population, emphasizing the role of educators, policymakers, and mental health professionals in addressing these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchai Thanachoksawang
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sara Arphorn
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchinda Jarupat Maruo
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwatsa Punneng
- Health Science Programs, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
| | - Tomohiro Ishimaru
- Department of Medical Humanities, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Gong X, Bi T, Zhang L, Zhou J. Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Offspring Internalizing Problems: A Cross-Lagged Panel Network Analysis in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024:10.1007/s10802-024-01224-7. [PMID: 38904741 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-024-01224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The present study investigated the relations between maternal depressive symptoms and internalizing problems in offspring during late childhood and early adolescence, examining sex differences using symptom network analysis. A total of 885 Chinese youths in late childhood (n = 497, 38.6% girls; age = 9.58 years, SD = 0.24) and early adolescence (n = 388, 48.5% girls; age = 11.30 years, SD = 0.24) and their mothers (Mage = 37.34 years, SD = 5.42) were recruited. Cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analysis was used to explore bridge symptoms (i.e., symptoms connecting two or more mental disorders) and identify transmission pathways between maternal depressive symptoms and offspring's internalizing problems at these two developmental stages. The CLPN results revealed that in late childhood, the bridge connections in the network model were boys feeling worried to mothers feeling distractible, and girls feeling worried to mothers feeling powerless. In early adolescence, the bridge connections were boys experiencing depressed mood to mothers feeling powerless, and mothers feeling bad to girls experiencing depressed mood. These findings highlight the network-level relations between maternal depressive symptoms and offspring internalizing problems. They provide insights into the developmental differences and similarities in symptoms during these periods and suggest ways to break the vicious cycle of psychopathology between mothers and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gong
- Department of Psychology, Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Tiantian Bi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- School of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Fujimoto H, Heywood A, Maston K, Brown L, Bartholomew A, Werner-Seidler A, Christensen H, Batterham PJ. What aspects of the pandemic had the greatest impact on adolescent mental health: duration of lockdown or subjective experience? Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:63. [PMID: 38824582 PMCID: PMC11144333 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00759-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted global mental health, with adolescents experiencing disproportionate effects. Limited research has explored the impact of different pandemic restrictions on adolescent mental health, and only a few studies have examined the longer-term impacts of the pandemic on adolescent mental health. These investigations are crucial for informing public health policies, particularly the integration of mental health care in future public health emergencies. METHODS This study aimed to investigate the impact of lockdown duration and the impact of adolescents' subjective experiences of the pandemic on their wellbeing, internalising symptoms, and externalising symptoms. Australian adolescents (N = 1,001, mean age = 14.2 years) completed a baseline survey in 2021, shortly after pandemic lockdowns were lifted (Time 1), and a follow-up survey approximately 12 months later (Time 2). Predictors of interest were the total duration of COVID-19 lockdowns across 2020-2021, and adolescents' subjective experiences of the pandemic on their social connections, learning, technology use and family relationships. A range of covariates were included in analyses to examine subgroup differences. RESULTS Linear mixed-effects models indicated that total duration of the lockdown was not associated with any of the outcomes at Time 1 or Time 2 (all ps > 0.017). Negative subjective experience of the pandemic on learning was associated with greater externalising symptoms at both Time 1 (t = 5.17, df = 980, p <.001) and Time 2 (t = 2.72, df = 708, p =.007). Negative subjective experience of the pandemic on social connection was associated with greater internalising symptoms at Time 2 only (t = 3.20, df = 709, p =.001). Negative subjective experience of the pandemic on family relationships or technology use was not associated with any of the outcomes at Time 1 or Time 2 (all ps > 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents' negative subjective experience of the pandemic on learning and social connections was associated with greater internalising and externalising symptoms after the lockdown had been lifted. Duration of lockdowns was not associated with any of the primary outcomes. During future public health emergencies, mental health interventions should be tailored to assist adolescents to adapt to new learning environments, and to build and maintain social connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Fujimoto
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Anita Heywood
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate Maston
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Aliza Werner-Seidler
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Christensen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip J Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Andersen E, Klusmann H, Eisenlohr-Moul T, Baresich K, Girdler S. Life stress influences the relationship between sex hormone fluctuation and affective symptoms in peripubertal female adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:821-833. [PMID: 36876646 PMCID: PMC10480354 DOI: 10.1017/s095457942300010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Female adolescents have a greatly increased risk of depression starting at puberty, which continues throughout the reproductive lifespan. Sex hormone fluctuation has been highlighted as a key proximal precipitating factor in the development of mood disorders tied to reproductive events; however, hormone-induced affective state change is poorly understood in the pubertal transition. The present study investigated the impact of recent stressful life events on the relationship between sex hormone change and affective symptoms in peripubertal female participants. Thirty-five peripubertal participants (ages 11-14, premenarchal, or within 1 year of menarche) completed an assessment of stressful life events, and provided weekly salivary hormone collections [estrone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)] and mood assessments for 8 weeks. Linear mixed models tested whether stressful life events provided a context in which within-person changes in hormones predicted weekly affective symptoms. Results indicated that exposure to stressful life events proximal to the pubertal transition influenced the directional effects of hormone change on affective symptoms. Specifically, greater affective symptoms were associated with increases in hormones in a high stress context and decreases in hormones in a low stress context. These findings provide support for stress-related hormone sensitivity as a diathesis for precipitating affective symptoms in the presence of pronounced peripubertal hormone flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Andersen
- University of North Carolina, Department of Psychiatry. CB #7167, Chapel Hill, NC 27617
| | - Hannah Klusmann
- University of North Carolina, Department of Psychiatry. CB #7167, Chapel Hill, NC 27617
- Freie Universität Berlin, Division of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Department of Education and Psychology. Schwendenerstraße 27, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tory Eisenlohr-Moul
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, MC 913, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Kayla Baresich
- University of North Carolina, Department of Psychiatry. CB #7167, Chapel Hill, NC 27617
| | - Susan Girdler
- University of North Carolina, Department of Psychiatry. CB #7167, Chapel Hill, NC 27617
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Politte-Corn M, Dickey L, Abitante G, Pegg S, Bean CAL, Kujawa A. Social Media Use as a Predictor of Positive and Negative Affect: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study of Adolescents with and without Clinical Depression. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:743-755. [PMID: 38376716 PMCID: PMC11062812 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-024-01177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Social media use is common in adolescents, with implications for psychosocial development and the emergence of depression. Yet, little is known about the time-linked connections between social media use and adolescents' affective experiences and how they may differ between depressed and non-depressed youth. We leveraged ecological momentary assessment in adolescents oversampled for current depression to examine (1) associations between social media use and concurrent and later positive and negative affect and (2) sex and presence of a depressive disorder as moderators of these associations. Adolescents aged 14-17 with (n = 48) and without (n = 97) clinical depression, as indicated via clinical interview, reported momentary social media use and positive and negative affect seven times per day for one week. Multilevel modeling indicated that social media use was associated with reduced positive affect both concurrently and at the next assessment. Further, among clinically depressed youth only, social media use was associated with reduced negative affect at the next assessment. Results suggest that social media use may reduce both positive and negative affect, highlighting the nuanced relation between adolescent social media use and emotional health and laying the groundwork for future research to address several open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Politte-Corn
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, Mail: 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Lindsay Dickey
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - George Abitante
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Samantha Pegg
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christian A L Bean
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Autumn Kujawa
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Mayo CO, Bendezú JJ, Wadsworth ME. Coping and empowerment preventive intervention buffers early adolescent neuroendocrine-related risk for internalizing problems. Biol Psychol 2024; 189:108802. [PMID: 38641161 PMCID: PMC11260072 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
There is an absence of mechanism-driven interventions equipped to reduce the large mental health disparities that exist for preadolescent youth living in poverty. Building a Strong Identity and Coping Skills (BaSICS) is a preventive intervention designed to target multiple aspects of poverty-related stress adaptation, including altered neuroendocrine function. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether pre-post shifts in preadolescent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activation could longitudinally predict internalizing outcomes and to determine whether BaSICS could buffer such HPA-related risk for psychopathology. Low-income youth (n = 112) ages 11-12 years were randomized to the 16-session intervention or assessment-only control (53% intervention; 54% female; 40% Hispanic, 63% Black, 20% White). Youth completed questionnaires and the Trier Social Stress Test, and provided cortisol via saliva at six timepoints during the 90-minute assessment. Adjusting for pre-intervention Cortisol Area Under the Curve-Ground (CAUCg) scores and internalizing problems, post-intervention CAUCg and intervention main and interactive effects were modeled as predictors of internalizing outcomes across post-intervention, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up assessments using multilevel regression methods. A significant post-intervention CAUCg by intervention interaction emerged (B=1.198, SE=0.433, p = .006). For control youth, baseline-adjusted decreases in cortisol output were associated with increases in internalizing problems that remained stably elevated across follow-up assessments. For BaSICS youth, however, internalizing problems decreased and remained stably low following program delivery, irrespective of post-intervention increases or decreases in cortisol output. Findings illustrate how BaSICS may buffer against HPA-related risk for internalizing psychopathology and provide support for interventions targeting biological mechanisms of risk for low-income preadolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea O Mayo
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 232 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America.
| | - Jason José Bendezú
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 232 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Martha E Wadsworth
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 232 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
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Carbone JT, Casement MD. Biomarker Profiles of Depression During Young Adulthood: Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:950-957. [PMID: 38340125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cumulative "wear and tear" on physiological systems (allostatic load) may contribute to risk for depression, but there is limited research on allostatic load during young adulthood, which is a peak developmental period for depression onset. This study evaluates profiles of allostatic load and their association with depression in young adults. METHODS Biomarker and depression data were extracted for 18-24-year-olds (928 females, 932 males) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2015 to 2020. Latent class analysis was used to identify biomarker profiles. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to predict depression based on profile membership, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Three allostatic load profiles were identified in both females and males-high inflammatory and moderate metabolic dysregulation (immunometabolic dysregulation), high metabolic and moderate inflammatory dysregulation (metaboimmune dysregulation), or low dysregulation. Metaboimmune or immunometabolic dysregulation profiles in females, and metaboimmune dysregulation in males, were associated with 3-3.5 times greater odds of depression compared to low dysregulation profiles. DISCUSSION Profiles of immune and metabolic dysregulation can be observed during young adulthood. Elevated immunometabolic and metaboimmune profiles were associated with depression risk in young adult females, while elevated metaboimmune profiles were associated with depression risk in young adult males. Detection of depression-related physiological dysregulation in young adults could be used to identify depression phenotypes and apply early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Carbone
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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12
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Chiang SC, Sung YH, Chen WC. A Six-Year Longitudinal Study of Parenting and Depressive Symptoms among Taiwanese Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WELFARE 2024; 33:355-369. [PMID: 38800468 PMCID: PMC11114101 DOI: 10.1111/ijsw.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between early parental warmth, harsh discipline, and adolescent depressive symptoms from early to late adolescence, with attention to gender differences in these associations. The sample was drawn from a longitudinal study, the Taiwan Youth Project, including 2,690 Taiwanese adolescents from wave 1 in 2000 (first year in junior high school) to wave 6 (third year in high school) in 2005. The results showed a nonlinear developmental trajectory of adolescent depressive symptoms during the middle- to high-school period. Harsh discipline was associated with the significantly higher initial presence and faster growth rate of depressive symptoms, while parental warmth and monitoring were associated with the significantly lower initial presence of depressive symptoms. In addition, female adolescents displayed a higher initial level of depressive symptoms than males when parents exercised higher levels of monitoring and harsh discipline. Finally, we provided suggestions for practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Chun Chiang
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University
| | - Yu-Hsien Sung
- Department of Education, National Chengchi University
| | - Wan-Chen Chen
- Department of Education, National Chengchi University
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13
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Warne N, Heron J, von Gontard A, Joinson C. Mental health problems, stressful life events and new-onset urinary incontinence in primary school-age children: a prospective cohort study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:871-879. [PMID: 37095371 PMCID: PMC10894090 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Emotional/behaviour problems and exposure to stressful life events are thought to contribute to new onset of urinary incontinence (UI) amongst children who have attained bladder control. However, very few prospective studies have examined these associations. We assessed whether mental health problems and stressful life events were associated with subsequent new onset in UI using multivariable logistic regression in a prospective UK cohort (n = 6408). Mothers provided information on their child's symptoms of common mental disorders (Development and Wellbeing Assessment, 7 years), stressful life events (7-8 years) and wetting (day and night, 9 years). There was strong evidence that separation anxiety symptoms were associated with new-onset UI in the fully adjusted model (OR (95% CI) = 2.08 (1.39, 3.13), p < 0.001). Social anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms were associated with new-onset UI, but these associations attenuated following adjustment for child developmental level and earlier emotional/behaviour problems. There was weak evidence for a sex interaction with stressful life events (p = 0.065), such that females experiencing more stressful life events were at higher risk of new-onset UI (fully adjusted model OR (95% CI) = 1.66 (1.05, 2.61), p = 0.029), but there was no association in males (fully adjusted model OR (95% CI) = 0.87 (0.52, 1.47), p = 0.608). These results suggest that separation anxiety and stressful life events in girls may lead to an increase in UI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Warne
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Jon Heron
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alexander von Gontard
- Psychiatric Services Graubünden (PDGR), Outpatient Services for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Chur, Switzerland
- Governor Kremers Centre, Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carol Joinson
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Griffith JM, Young JF, Hankin BL. Parental Symptoms of Anhedonia, Parenting, and Youth Outcomes: A Multi-Method, Multi-Informant Investigation. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:413-427. [PMID: 37801270 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01130-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Parental depression is a well-established risk factor for youth psychopathology; however, depression is highly heterogeneous, and different parental symptom profiles may be differentially associated with risk mechanisms and youth psychopathology outcomes. Thus, this study examined associations between parental anhedonic symptoms of depression, specifically, and (1) parenting and (2) youth outcomes using a multi-method, multi-informant approach. Participants included 595 parents (89% mothers) and youth (ages 8-16; M[SD] = 12.07[2.39]). Regression analyses indicated that parental self-reported anhedonic symptoms at baseline demonstrated relatively specific prospective associations with chronic parent-child stress assessed using contextual stress interview methods, as well as youth self-reported depressive symptoms at 18-month follow-up. Findings also indicated concurrent associations between parental anhedonic symptoms and observed parental criticism, conflict, and responsiveness in the context of a 5-min discussion task, as well as parent self-reported monitoring/supervision, although results were no longer significant after controlling for parental co-occurring non-anhedonic depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that parental anhedonic symptoms may contribute to relatively unique reductions in the quality of the parent-child relationship and may be a particularly salient risk factor for youth depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Griffith
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| | - Jami F Young
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, 603 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
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15
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Schmit A, Schurr T, Frajo-Apor B, Pardeller S, Plattner B, Tutzer F, Conca A, Fronthaler M, Haring C, Holzner B, Huber M, Marksteiner J, Miller C, Perwanger V, Pycha R, Schmidt M, Sperner-Unterweger B, Hofer A. Long-term impact of resilience and extraversion on psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation among individuals with and without mental health disorders. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1304491. [PMID: 38426004 PMCID: PMC10902045 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1304491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Over the past years, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in daily routines. Although the pandemic has affected almost everyone, it has been particularly challenging for people with pre-existing mental health conditions. Therefore, this study investigated the long-term impact of resilience and extraversion on psychological distress in individuals diagnosed with mental health disorders (MHD) compared to the general population. In addition, possible gender-specific differences were investigated. Methods 123 patients with pre-existing MHD and 343 control subjects from Austria and Italy participated in three online surveys that had been conducted after the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (t0), during the second lockdown in both countries (t1), and one year thereafter (t2). Participants completed standardized questionnaires on psychological distress (Brief-Symptom-Checklist), resilience (Resilience Scale), and extraversion (Big Five Inventory). A mediation model was employed to test the primary hypothesis. Possible gender-specific differences were analyzed using a moderated mediation model. Results The prevalence of psychological distress was consistently higher in patients compared to controls (t0: 37.3% vs. 13.2%, t1: 38.2% vs 11.7%, t2: 37.4% vs. 13.1%). This between-group difference in psychological distress at the first follow-up was fully mediated by baseline resilience scores (65.4% of the total effect). During the second-follow up, extraversion accounted for 18% of the total effect, whereas resilience slightly decreased to 56% of the total effect. Gender was not a significant moderator in the model. Conclusion Next to showing that people with MHD were particularly affected by the pandemic, these findings indicate that higher degrees of resilience and extraversion are related to less long-term psychological distress. Our findings stress the relevance of strengthening resilience and extraversion and to provide mental health support in times of crises, both to patients with MHD and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schmit
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Timo Schurr
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrice Frajo-Apor
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvia Pardeller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Plattner
- Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Franziska Tutzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Conca
- Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Martin Fronthaler
- Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Therapy Center Bad Bachgart, Rodengo, Italy
| | - Christian Haring
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy B, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Bernhard Holzner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Huber
- Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Brunico, Brunico, Italy
| | - Josef Marksteiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Carl Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria
| | - Verena Perwanger
- Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Merano, Merano, Italy
| | - Roger Pycha
- Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Bressanone, Bressanone, Italy
| | - Martin Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Lienz, Lienz, Austria
| | - Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alex Hofer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Kuan CS, Liu QY, Xu GM, Zhou HY, Nie JH, Yan C. Diminished hedonic capacity in social activities as a mediator of the link between dysfunctional behavioral activation system and depressive symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1337847. [PMID: 38380120 PMCID: PMC10876889 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1337847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence is a crucial period for the development of depression, and previous studies have suggested that the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) plays a significant role. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of anhedonia in the relationship between BAS and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Method A total of 1,023 high-school students aged 15-18 years participated in the study, with 916 continuing their participation three months later. All participants completed the Behavioral Inhibition System/Activation System (BIS/BAS) scale, Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S/T). Pathway model analysis was performed to examine the concurrent and prospective mediating effects of anhedonia and the potential moderating effect of sex. Result Anhedonia in the domains of social activities, hobbies and sensory experiences significantly mediated the cross-sectional relationship between BAS and depressive level three months later. Furthermore, the beta-value of the mediating effect of social activities was significantly higher than that of the other domains of hedonic capacity cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, sex showed no significant moderating effect. Conclusion Our findings underscore the importance of hedonic capacity, especially within the social domain, in the development of depressive symptoms. These findings contribute to the early diagnosis and prevention of depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-son Kuan
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-yu Liu
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang-min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han-yu Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-hui Nie
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Jalali S, Liu L, Wang J, Kennedy SH, MacQueen G, Lebel C, Goldstein BL, Bray S, Addington J. Factors Associated with Transition to Serious Mental Illness. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2024; 69:79-88. [PMID: 37606525 PMCID: PMC10789229 DOI: 10.1177/07067437231195959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing interest in early intervention and detection strategies for youth at-risk of developing a serious mental illness (SMI). Little is known about early factors that may be related to the later development of a SMI; thus, the aim of this study was to determine what clinical factors might relate to the development of in this study psychosis, bipolar disorder and severe or recurrent major depression in at-risk youth. METHOD The sample consisted of 162 youth aged 12-26 years at different stages of risk. Thirty-one participants developed a SMI during the study. Those who made a transition were compared on a range of baseline clinical and functional measures with those who did not make the transition. A Cox regression model was used to assess the association between measures and later development of a SMI. RESULTS Female sex, attenuated psychotic symptoms as assessed with the Scale of Psychosis-Risk Symptoms (SOPS) and ratings on the K-10 Distress Scale, were found to be significantly associated with the later transition to mental illness. Females were 2.77 times more likely to transition compared to males. For the SOPS and K-10 scales, there is a 14% increase in the transition rate relative to a one-scale increase in SOPS and a 7% increase in the transition rate relative to a one-point increase in the K-10. CONCLUSIONS Results from these longitudinal data provide further insight into the specific clinical measures that may be pertinent in early detection of mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jalali
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - JianLi Wang
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Sidney H. Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Arthur Sommer Rotenberg Chair in Suicide and Depression Studies, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Glenda MacQueen
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Child & Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Benjamin l. Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Signe Bray
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Child & Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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18
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Yang Y, Tian M, Liu Y, Qiu S, Hu Y, Yang Y, Wang C, Xu Z, Lin L. Effects of Impulsivity and Interpersonal Problems on Adolescent Depression: A Cross-Lagged Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:52. [PMID: 38247704 PMCID: PMC10813366 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The dynamic changes over time in the relationships between impulsivity, interpersonal problems, and depression warrant further exploration. This study delves into the roles of impulsivity and interpersonal issues in the progression of adolescent depression over a year, using a sample of 271 Chinese adolescents (51.7% male, Mage = 12.60 ± 0.69). At three time points, impulsivity levels were assessed with the Chinese version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, interpersonal problems with the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, and depression with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results revealed that both impulsivity and interpersonal problems serve as risk factors for depression, but the primary risk factor shifted over time. In early middle school stages, impulsivity was the predominant risk factor, while in later stages, interpersonal problems became the primary risk factor. These findings carry significant implications for directing prevention efforts and interventions for adolescent depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yang
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health under Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Mingyangjia Tian
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health under Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Intelligent Laboratory of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Shaojie Qiu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health under Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhansheng Xu
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health under Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Center of Cooperative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of National Mental Health under Ministry of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
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19
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Vuijk P, Bul K, Buil M, Rauws M, Curie K, Amesz C, Weerheijm R, Riper H. Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:40. [PMID: 38212820 PMCID: PMC10785508 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07885-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of literature indicates that adolescent girls who talk with close friends about interpersonal problems or worries in an excessive, speculative way, and with an intense focus on distress (i.e., co-rumination) are at heightened risk for developing internalizing symptoms and disorders as well as reduced friendship quality. However, to date, there are no prevention programs available that target high levels of co-rumination between adolescent girls. As such, we developed the blended school-based mindfulness prevention program Happy Friends, Positive Minds (HFPM) that targets co-rumination at the dyadic level, i.e., between two close female friends. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of HFPM to reduce co-rumination and internalizing problems and to enhance wellbeing and social-emotional behavior in Dutch adolescent girls. METHODS A cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (cRCT) will be conducted to evaluate HFPM effectiveness. We will recruit 160 female friendship dyads (n = 320 girls) aged 13 to 15 years who will be characterized by high levels of self-reported co-rumination. The cRCT has two arms: (1) an intervention condition in which 160 girls (80 friendship dyads) will receive the 14-week HFPM program in two consecutive cohorts (cohort 1 in academic year 2023/2024 and cohort 2 in academic year 2024/2025, and (2) a control condition in which 160 girls (80 dyads) will receive care-as-usual (CAU) in two consecutive cohorts (cohort 1 in academic year 2023/2024 and cohort 2 in academic year 2024/2025). Data will be collected at baseline (T0), during the program (T1;T2; T3), immediately after the program (T4), and at 1-year follow-up (T5). Participant-level self-reported risk for (early onset) depression and anxiety, self-reported and observed co-rumination, self- and friend-reported friendship quality, self-reported positive and negative affect, self-reported interpersonal responses to positive affect, and self-reported anhedonia symptoms will be the outcome variables. DISCUSSION This study will provide insights into the short-term and long-term effects of the HFPM program on girls' internalizing problems, wellbeing, and social-emotional behavior. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Standard Randomized Controlled Trials, identifier: ISRCTN54246670. Registered on 27 February 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Vuijk
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
- Research Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Kim Bul
- Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Marieke Buil
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, section Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marloes Rauws
- Research Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Keshia Curie
- Research Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Amesz
- Research Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ron Weerheijm
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Research Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen Riper
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Section Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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20
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Pantoja-Urbán AH, Richer S, Mittermaier A, Giroux M, Nouel D, Hernandez G, Flores C. Gains and Losses: Resilience to Social Defeat Stress in Adolescent Female Mice. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:37-47. [PMID: 37355003 PMCID: PMC10996362 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a unique period of psychosocial growth during which social adversity can negatively influence mental health trajectories. Understanding how adolescent social stress impacts males and females and why some individuals are particularly affected is becoming increasingly urgent. Social defeat stress models for adolescent male mice have been effective in reproducing some physical/psychological aspects of bullying. Designing a model suitable for females has proven challenging. METHODS We report a version of the adolescent male accelerated social defeat stress (AcSD) paradigm adapted for females. Early adolescent C57BL/6J female mice (N = 107) were exposed to our modified AcSD procedure twice a day for 4 days and categorized as resilient or susceptible based on a social interaction test 24 hours later. Mice were then assessed for changes in Netrin-1/DCC guidance cue expression in dopamine systems, for inhibitory control in adulthood using the Go/No-Go task, or for alterations in dopamine connectivity organization in the matured prefrontal cortex. RESULTS Most adolescent females showed protection against stress-induced social avoidance, but in adulthood, these resilient females developed inhibitory control deficits and showed diminution of prefrontal cortex presynaptic dopamine sites. Female mice classified as susceptible were protected against cognitive and dopaminergic alterations. AcSD did not alter Netrin-1/DCC in early adolescent females, contrary to previous findings with males. CONCLUSIONS Preserving prosocial behavior in adolescent females may be important for survival advantage but seems to come at the price of developing persistent cognitive and dopamine deficiencies. The female AcSD paradigm produced findings comparable to those found in males, allowing mechanistic investigation in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Harée Pantoja-Urbán
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel Richer
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Michel Giroux
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dominique Nouel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Cecilia Flores
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
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21
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Guzman JM, Boone MH, Suarez GL, Mitchell C, Monk CS, Hyde LW, Lopez-Duran NL. Relationship between COVID-related stressors and internalizing symptoms: Gendered neuroendocrine risk profiles. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 159:106668. [PMID: 37944209 PMCID: PMC11214276 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic generated significant life stress and increases in internalizing disorders. Moreover, COVID-related stressors disproportionately impacted women, consistent with outcomes showing a gender gap in stress-related disorders. Gender-related stress vulnerability emerges in adolescence alongside gender-specific changes in neuroendocrine signaling. Most research on the neuroendocrinology of stress-related disorders has focused on differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis effector hormone cortisol. More recent studies, however, emphasize dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a neuroprotective and neuroactive hormone released concurrently with cortisol that balances its biobehavioral actions during stress. Notably, women show lower cortisol responses and higher DHEA responses to stress. However, lower cortisol and higher DHEA are associated with internalizing disorders in women, while those associations are opposite in men. Thus, gender-specific factors perhaps result in a neuroendocrine profile that places women at greater risk for stress-related disorders. The current study prospectively examined socially evaluated cold-pressor task (SECPT) induced neuroendocrine responses at age 15 and internalizing symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic at age 21 in a cohort of 175 primarily Black low-socioeconomic status participants, while controlling for internalizing symptoms at age 15. The association between COVID-related stress and internalizing symptoms was not stronger in women. Lower DHEA-cortisol ratios were associated with a weaker relationship between COVID-related stress and internalizing symptoms in women, while higher ratios were associated with a weaker relationship in men. These findings suggest gender differences in the relationship between DHEA and cortisol and internalizing outcomes during a stressful period, and support differential neuroendocrine protective and risk pathways for young men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Guzman
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Montana H Boone
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gabriela L Suarez
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Colter Mitchell
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Christopher S Monk
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luke W Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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22
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Osborne M, Bernard A, Falkowski E, Peterson D, Vavilikolanu A, Komnenov D. Longitudinal Associations of Dietary Fructose, Sodium, and Potassium and Psychological Stress with Vascular Aging Index and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the CARDIA Cohort. Nutrients 2023; 16:127. [PMID: 38201956 PMCID: PMC10780647 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We explored how dietary behaviors (sucrose, fructose, sodium, and potassium consumption) and endured psychological stress in young adult males and females impact the vascular aging index (VAI) and CVD risk by mid-life. Data were obtained from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study, an ongoing longitudinal study. The included participants (n = 2656) had undergone carotid artery ultrasound at year 20 allowing VAIs to be calculated. Demographics, dietary data, and depression scores were obtained at baseline and year 20 of follow-up. Regression analyses were used to assess the predictors of VAI. Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the risk of CVD, stroke, and all-cause mortality. Predictors of vascular aging were found to be sex-specific. In females, depression scores at baseline were positively associated with VAI (B-weight = 0.063, p = 0.015). In males, sodium intake at year 20 positively predicted VAI (B-weight = 0.145, p = 0.003) and potassium intake inversely predicted VAI (B-weight = -0.160, p < 0.001). BMI significantly predicted CVD, stroke, and death. Fructose consumption at year 20 was a significant predictor of CVD risk while having high blood pressure at baseline was significantly associated with stroke risk. Our findings support the promotion of nutrient-specific behavior changes to prevent vascular aging in early adulthood and CVD risk in mid-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan Osborne
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Internal Medicine and Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.O.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (D.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Alexa Bernard
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Internal Medicine and Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.O.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (D.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Emily Falkowski
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Internal Medicine and Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.O.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (D.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Deni Peterson
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Internal Medicine and Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.O.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (D.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Anusha Vavilikolanu
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Internal Medicine and Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.O.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (D.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Dragana Komnenov
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Internal Medicine and Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.O.); (A.B.); (E.F.); (D.P.); (A.V.)
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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23
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Lilly KJ, Howard C, Zubielevitch E, Sibley CG. Thinking twice: examining gender differences in repetitive negative thinking across the adult lifespan. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1239112. [PMID: 38022916 PMCID: PMC10663279 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1239112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A wealth of literature shows that women report greater levels of repetitive negative thinking, particularly rumination, than men in adolescence and adulthood. However, little research has examined how these gender differences develop or change across the entire adult lifespan. Methods The present study addresses these oversights using a nationwide longitudinal probability sample of adults over 12 annual assessment points (N = 64,901; Mage = 42.50, range 18-81; 62.9% women) and a single-item measure of global repetitive negative thinking. Critically, we use multigroup cohort-sequential latent growth modeling to determine whether changes in this construct over time are due to (a) normative aging, (b) generational differences associated with the historical period one was born and raised in, or (c) a combination of these processes. Results Our results reveal that rumination peaks in young adulthood for both women and men but declines steadily thereafter, reaching its lowest levels at the end of the adult lifespan. That said, some gender and cohort differences emerged, with young women-particularly young cohorts-reporting higher levels of rumination than their male counterparts and older birth cohorts. Discussion Our study suggests that gender differences in rumination may be most prevalent among young birth cohorts, though future research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieren J. Lilly
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chloe Howard
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Chris G. Sibley
- School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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24
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Daoust AR, Green H, Vandermeer MRJ, Liu P, Stanton K, Harkness KL, Hayden EP. Total cortisol output during an acute stressor predicts youths' internalizing symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Biol Psychol 2023; 184:108714. [PMID: 37839519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Individual differences in cortisol output may influence adolescents' adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic; however, boys and girls may differ in terms of associations between cortisol output and internalizing symptoms in the context of COVID-19-related stress. We examined whether pre-pandemic cortisol output during an acute stressor, assessed approximately three years prior to the pandemic, predicted change in adolescents' internalizing symptoms early during the COVID-19 pandemic. Consistent with previous work on other life stressors, girls' cortisol output was positively associated with anxious and somatic symptoms early in the pandemic. Conversely, cortisol output and depressive symptoms were negatively associated for boys; boys with higher cortisol had depressive symptoms which significantly decreased over time. Findings suggest that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis stress functioning plays a role in shaping differences between adolescent boys' and girls' adjustment during the experience of a ubiquitous chronic stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Daoust
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Haley Green
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew R J Vandermeer
- Anxiety Treatment & Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Kasey Stanton
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Kate L Harkness
- Department of Psychology, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Potter JR, Yoon KL. Interpersonal Factors, Peer Relationship Stressors, and Gender Differences in Adolescent Depression. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2023; 25:759-767. [PMID: 37773480 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01465-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Compared to boys, girls value close relationships more. Thus, heightened affiliative proclivities may serve as a particularly salient psychosocial risk factor for depression in adolescent girls. The purpose of this review is to examine whether the preponderance of depression in girls is because of gender differences in interpersonal vulnerabilities and peer relationship stressors and/or in the associations between these factors and depression. RECENT FINDINGS Girls (vs. boys) exhibit higher levels of co-rumination and affective empathy, but not excessive reassurance-seeking. The prevalence of different forms of peer relationship stressors (e.g., peer victimization) varies by gender depending on the specific type. Evidence is mixed regarding gender differences in the association between peer victimization and depression. Gender differences in the association between peer victimization and depression not only depend on peer victimization subtype but also on the country. Most studies were conducted in non-clinical samples, highlighting the need for future research to assess major depressive disorder (not just depressive symptoms). Future research should also assess interpersonal factors (e.g., co-rumination) and peer relationship stressors together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Potter
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, M/P 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - K Lira Yoon
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, M/P 3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA.
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26
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Wang C, Zhou T, Fu L, Xie D, Qi H, Huang Z. Risk and Protective Factors of Depression in Family and School Domains for Chinese Early Adolescents: An Association Rule Mining Approach. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:893. [PMID: 37998640 PMCID: PMC10669531 DOI: 10.3390/bs13110893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common psychological problems in adolescence. Familial and school-related factors are closely related to adolescents' depression, but their combined effects need further examination. The purpose of this study was to explore the combined effects of risk/protective factors of depression in family and school domains using a sample of Chinese adolescents differing in gender, age group and left-behind status. A total of 2455 Chinese students in primary and secondary school participated in the cross-sectional survey and reported multiple risk/protective factors in family and school environments and depressive symptoms. Association rule mining, a machine learning method, was used in the data analyses to identify the correlation between risk/protective factor combinations and depression. We found that (1) Family cohesion, family conflict, peer support, and teacher support emerged as the strongest factors associated with adolescent depression; (2) The combination of these aforementioned factors further strengthened their association with depression; (3) Female gender, middle school students, and family socioeconomic disadvantages attenuated the protective effects of positive relational factors while exacerbating the deleterious effects of negative relational factors; (4) For individuals at risk, lack of mental health education resources at school intensified the negative impact; (5) The risk and protective factors of depression varied according to gender, age stage and left-behind status. In conclusion, the findings shed light on the identification of high-risk adolescents for depression and underscore the importance of tailored programs targeting specific subgroups based on gender, age, or left-behind status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Health Informatics and Management, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Lin Fu
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;
| | - Dong Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Huiying Qi
- Department of Health Informatics and Management, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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27
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Yang Y, Zhang EL, Liu Y, Ge X, Su Z, Cheung T, Ng CH, Xiang M, Xiang YT. Network analysis of suicidality and internet addiction symptoms among Chinese primary and secondary school students. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:145-152. [PMID: 37437741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the risk of both Internet addiction and suicide across various populations, especially among children and adolescents. This study aimed to assess the inter-relationships between Internet addiction symptoms and suicidality among primary and secondary school students from the perspective of network analysis. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was used to assess internet addiction symptoms. Participants were also asked about having any suicidal ideation and suicide plan. Univariate analyses and network analysis were subsequently conducted. RESULTS Altogether, 5380 primary and secondary school students participated in the study. Among them, 3161 (58.8 %, 95 % CI = 57.4 %-60.1 %) students reported having Internet addiction symptoms and 798 (14.8 %, 95 % CI = 13.9 %-15.8 %) reported having suicidal ideation or suicide plan in the past two weeks. Network analysis revealed that IAT16 ('Request an extension for longer time spent online'; node strength = 1.223) was the most central symptom in the Suicidality-Internet addiction network model, while the edge suicidality-IAT4 ('Form new relationship with online users'; edge weight = 0.055) was the strongest edge linking both communities. CONCLUSIONS Internet addiction symptoms were common among primary and secondary school students during the COVID-19 school closure period in China and were significantly associated with suicidality. Targeted strategies such as strengthening self-control, sense of belonging and connectedness may be important in reducing the risk of both suicidality and Internet addiction among primary and secondary school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Er Liang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Ge
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Mi Xiang
- Ministry of Education - Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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28
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Boele S, Nelemans SA, Denissen JJA, Prinzie P, Bülow A, Keijsers L. Testing transactional processes between parental support and adolescent depressive symptoms: From a daily to a biennial timescale. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1656-1670. [PMID: 35545300 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Transactional processes between parental support and adolescents' depressive symptoms might differ in the short term versus long term. Therefore, this multi-sample study tested bidirectional within-family associations between perceived parental support and depressive symptoms in adolescents with datasets with varying measurement intervals: Daily (N = 244, Mage = 13.8 years, 38% male), bi-weekly (N = 256, Mage = 14.4 years, 29% male), three-monthly (N = 245, Mage = 13.9 years, 38% male), annual (N = 1,664, Mage = 11.1 years, 51% male), and biennial (N = 502, Mage = 13.8 years, 48% male). Preregistered random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) showed negative between- and within-family correlations. Moreover, although the preregistered models showed no within-family lagged effect from perceived parental support to adolescent depressive symptoms at any timescale, an exploratory model demonstrated a negative lagged effect at a biennial timescale with the annual dataset. Concerning the reverse within-family lagged effect, increases in adolescent depressive symptoms predicted decreases in perceived parental support 2 weeks and 3 months later (relationship erosion effect). Most cross-lagged effects were not moderated by adolescent sex or neuroticism trait level. Thus, the findings mostly support adolescent-driven effects at understudied timescales and illustrate that within-family lagged effects do not generalize across timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah Boele
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie A Nelemans
- Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap J A Denissen
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Prinzie
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Bülow
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Loes Keijsers
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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29
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Niu L, Sheffield P, Li Y. Pubertal timing, neighborhood income, and mental health in boys and girls: Findings from the adolescent brain cognitive development study. Soc Sci Med 2023; 334:116220. [PMID: 37690156 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Early pubertal timing is associated with youth mental health problems, with association amplified or mitigated by characteristics of the residential neighborhood. Yet, limited research simultaneously examines the roles of neighborhood context and biological sex in this association. This study fills this research gap by examining sex-specific associations between pubertal timing and neighborhood income with youth mental health problems (internalizing and externalizing symptoms) in a longitudinal cohort of early adolescents in the United States (US). Participants were 9201 youth aged 9 or 10 years from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Pubertal timing was the average of parent- and youth-reported pubertal status standardized within sex and age. Outcome variables were youths' internalizing and externalizing symptoms assessed at 1-year follow-up via parent survey. We evaluated interaction effects between pubertal timing and neighborhood income in a series of sex-stratified linear mixed effect models, adjusted for family and personal sociodemographic characteristics. In girls, earlier pubertal timing was associated with more internalizing (β = 0.06, p < 0.001) and externalizing problems (β = 0.07, p < 0.001) at 1-year follow-up, not moderated by neighborhood income. In boys, earlier pubertal timing was associated with more externalizing problems among youth living in high-income neighborhoods, but not among those in low-income neighborhoods (interaction-p = 0.006). Results suggest that pubertal timing may affect youth mental health differentially in boys and girls, depending on the neighborhood contexts. These findings highlight the importance of both biological and social forces in shaping adolescent mental health and, thus, have public health and clinical implications for health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Niu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Perry Sheffield
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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30
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Ying L, Jia X, Lin C. The longitudinal associations between PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and academic burnout in adolescence and early adulthood in the postdisaster context. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 239:104011. [PMID: 37595524 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study examined the longitudinal associations among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, and academic burnout in a sample of survivors aged 12 to 20 years following the Wenchuan earthquake. The present study had a longitudinal design. A total of 788 participants (Mage = 15.03 years, SD = 1.64; 54.8 % female) completed measures of PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and academic burnout at 12, 18, and 24 months after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. The results showed that the only cross-lagged effects from PTSD to depressive symptoms, from academic burnout to depressive symptoms or from PTSD symptoms to academic burnout at the first interval and the second interval were significant. Furthermore, the longitudinal associations among PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, and academic burnout remained consistent between the different age groups but varied across genders. That is, in male adolescents, only the cross-lagged effects from PTSD symptoms to depressive symptoms and from PTSD symptoms to academic burnout at the first and second intervals were significant. In female adolescents, only the cross-lagged effects from academic burnout to depressive symptoms and from academic burnout to PTSD symptoms at the first and second intervals were significant. Finally, these findings highlight that academic burnout is a useful target for psychological service providers to alleviate PTSD and depressive symptoms in adolescents in a post-disaster context. In addition, PTSD symptoms may also negatively affect adolescents' performance at school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Ying
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, PR China; Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xuji Jia
- School of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Chongde Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China.
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31
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Andersen E, Prim J, Campbell A, Schiller C, Baresich K, Girdler S. Biobehavioral mechanisms underlying testosterone and mood relationships in peripubertal female adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37529837 PMCID: PMC10834847 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The pubertal transition is characterized by pronounced sex hormone fluctuation, refinement of affective neural circuitry, and an increased risk of depression in female adolescents. Sex hormones, including testosterone, exert modulatory effects on frontal-limbic brain networks and are associated with emotion dysregulation and depressive symptoms. Weekly changes in hormones predict affective symptoms in peripubertal female adolescents, particularly in the context of stress; however, the biobehavioral mechanisms underlying hormone change and mood relationships during the pubertal transition have yet to be determined and was the objective of the present study. Forty-three peripubertal female adolescents (ages 11-14) collected 8-weekly salivary hormone (estrone, testosterone) samples and mood assessments to evaluate hormone-mood relationships, followed by a biobehavioral testing session with psychosocial stress and EEG. Within-person correlations between weekly hormone changes and corresponding mood were performed to determine individual differences in mood sensitivity to weekly hormone change. Increased frontal theta activity indexing emotion reactivity, reduced cortisol reactivity, and reduced vagal efficiency predicted the strength of the relationship between testosterone and mood. Further, testosterone-sensitivity strength was associated with the enhancement of negative affect following stress testing. Results identify divergent frontal theta and stress responses as potential biobehavioral mechanisms underlying mood sensitivity to peripubertal testosterone fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Andersen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julianna Prim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alana Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Crystal Schiller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kayla Baresich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Susan Girdler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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32
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Spiekerman AM, Guo Y, Payton J, Campione-Barr N, Killoren SE, Rote WM, Rose AJ. Adolescents' Online Connections with Friends during COVID-19: An Assessment of the Forms of Communication and Their Association with Emotional Adjustment. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1281. [PMID: 37628280 PMCID: PMC10453441 DOI: 10.3390/children10081281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent stay-at-home orders limited adolescents' ability to connect with friends in person, leading adolescents to rely on digital forms of communication to interact with friends. The present study (N = 168 adolescents ages 11-20, 51.40% female) examined the types of digital communication adolescents used to connect with friends during the pandemic stay-at-home orders and how each form of digital communication related to adolescents' emotional adjustment. The results showed texting to be the most common way adolescents connected with friends. Boys were more likely than girls to talk with friends through social gaming. Synchronous forms of communication (i.e., texting, video calls, and social gaming) were associated with reduced loneliness and depressive symptoms and higher flourishing. Connecting with friends by posting or responding on social media was not associated with adolescent well-being. These results suggest that forms of digital communication that allowed adolescents to talk with friends in real time were particularly important for adolescents' emotional well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie M. Spiekerman
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.S.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (N.C.-B.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.S.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (N.C.-B.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Jessica Payton
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.S.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (N.C.-B.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Nicole Campione-Barr
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.S.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (N.C.-B.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Sarah E. Killoren
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.S.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (N.C.-B.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Wendy M. Rote
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
| | - Amanda J. Rose
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.M.S.); (Y.G.); (J.P.); (N.C.-B.); (S.E.K.)
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33
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Chaplin TM, Curby TW, Gonçalves SF, Kisner MA, Niehaus CE, Thompson JC. Sex differences in emotion- and reward-related neural responses predicting increases in substance use in adolescence. Behav Brain Res 2023; 450:114499. [PMID: 37201893 PMCID: PMC10330612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent substance use is a significant public health problem and there is a need for effective substance use preventions. To develop effective preventions, it is important to identify neurobiological risk factors that predict increases in substance use in adolescence and to understand potential sex differences in risk mechanisms. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging and hierarchical linear modeling to examine negative emotion- and reward-related neural responses in early adolescence predicting growth in substance use to middle adolescence in 81 youth, by sex. Adolescent neural responses to negative emotional stimuli and monetary reward receipt were assessed at age 12-14. Adolescents reported on substance use at age 12-14 and at 6 month, and 1, 2, and 3 year follow-ups. Adolescent neural responses did not predict initiation of substance use (yes/no), but, among users, neural responses predicted growth in substance use frequency. For girls, heightened right amygdala responses to negative emotional stimuli in early adolescence predicted growth in substance use frequency through middle adolescence. For boys, blunted left nucleus accumbens and bilateral ventromedial prefrontal cortex responses to monetary reward predicted growth in substance use frequency. Findings suggest different emotion and reward-related predictors of the development of substance use for adolescent girls versus boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara M Chaplin
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
| | - Timothy W Curby
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Stefanie F Gonçalves
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Mallory A Kisner
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Claire E Niehaus
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, 571 S Floyd Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - James C Thompson
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
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34
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Santee AC, Rnic K, Chang KK, Chen RX, Hoffmeister JA, Liu H, LeMoult J, Dozois DJA, Starr LR. Risk and protective factors for stress generation: A meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2023; 103:102299. [PMID: 37307790 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The stress generation hypothesis suggests that some individuals contribute more than others to the occurrence of dependent (self-generated), but not independent (fateful), stressful life events. This phenomenon is commonly studied in relation to psychiatric disorders, but effects are also driven by underlying psychological processes that extend beyond the boundaries of DSM-defined entities. This meta-analytic review of modifiable risk and protective factors for stress generation synthesizes findings from 70 studies with 39,693 participants (483 total effect sizes) from over 30 years of research. Findings revealed a range of risk factors that prospectively predict dependent stress with small-to-moderate meta-analytic effects (rs = 0.10-0.26). Negligible to small effects were found for independent stress (rs = 0.03-0.12), and, in a critical test for stress generation, most effects were significantly stronger for dependent compared to independent stress (βs = 0.04-0.15). Moderation analyses suggest effects of maladaptive interpersonal emotion regulation behaviors and repetitive negative thinking are stronger for interpersonal (versus non-interpersonal) stress; effects of repetitive negative thinking and excessive standards for self may be inflated by overreliance on self-report measures that fail to isolate psychological distress from objective experience. Findings have key implications for advancing stress generation theory and informing targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Santee
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, United States of America.
| | - Katerina Rnic
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katharine K Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, United States of America
| | - Rachel X Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, United States of America
| | | | - Hallie Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joelle LeMoult
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - David J A Dozois
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Schulich Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Canada
| | - Lisa R Starr
- Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, United States of America
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Boer M, Cosma A, Twenge JM, Inchley J, Jeriček Klanšček H, Stevens GWJM. National-Level Schoolwork Pressure, Family Structure, Internet Use, and Obesity as Drivers of Time Trends in Adolescent Psychological Complaints Between 2002 and 2018. J Youth Adolesc 2023:10.1007/s10964-023-01800-y. [PMID: 37349663 PMCID: PMC10371956 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about societal processes that contribute to changes in adolescent mental health problems. This study aims to fill this gap using data from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children study between 2002 and 2018 (ncountries = 43, nindividuals = 680,269, Mage = 14.52 (SD = 1.06), 51.04% female), supplemented with other international data. National-level psychological complaints increased more strongly among girls than boys. National-level schoolwork pressure, single-parent households, time spent on internet, and obesity were generally rising. In both boys' and girls' samples, increases in national-level schoolwork pressure, obesity, and time spent on internet use were independently associated with increases national-level psychological complaints. However, national-level obesity and psychological complaints were more strongly related among girls than boys. Results highlight the potential impact of societal-level processes on adolescent mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Boer
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - A Cosma
- Department of Sociology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J M Twenge
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - J Inchley
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - G W J M Stevens
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Primbs R, Feldmann L, Iglhaut L, Allgaier AK, Schulte-Körne G, Greimel E. Evaluation of an information booklet for adolescents on depression: evidence from a randomized controlled study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:65. [PMID: 37245045 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00614-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with depression often show barriers to seek treatment offers due to various reasons, including limited knowledge about the manifestation of the disorder, its treatment options, or fear of stigmatization. Psychoeducational approaches might reduce these barriers by increasing depression literacy. The aim of the present randomized controlled study was to evaluate whether an innovative and age-appropriate evidence-based information booklet about youth depression increases depression-specific knowledge in adolescents with depression and is also appealing to the target group. METHODS 50 adolescents with a history of depression (current/remitted) aged 12-18 years participated in the study including a pre-, post- and follow-up assessment. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group received a target group-specific information booklet about youth depression including seven subdomains. The active control group received an information booklet about asthma in youth that was highly comparable to the depression booklet in terms of format and length. Before and after reading, and at a four-week follow-up, we assessed knowledge about youth depression based on a questionnaire. Furthermore, participants evaluated the acceptability of the information booklets. RESULTS Unlike the active control group, the experimental group showed a significant increase in depression-specific knowledge from pre to post and from pre to follow-up across all subdomains. This increase was evident in four subdomains ("symptoms", "treatment", "antidepressants", and "causes"). The overall reception of the information booklet about depression was positive and participants stated that they would recommend the information booklet about depression to their peers. CONCLUSION This is the first randomized controlled study to demonstrate that an information booklet about youth depression effectively imparts depression-specific knowledge to participants with a history of depression and shows high acceptance. Information booklets that are appealing and increase depression-specific knowledge might be a promising low-threshold and cost-effective approach to reduce barriers to treatment and raise awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regine Primbs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig- Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 5, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Lisa Feldmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig- Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 5, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucia Iglhaut
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig- Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 5, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig- Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 5, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig- Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Nussbaumstrasse 5, D-80336, Munich, Germany
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Ye B, Lau JTF, Lee HH, Yeung JCH, Mo PKH. The mediating role of resilience on the association between family satisfaction and lower levels of depression and anxiety among Chinese adolescents. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283662. [PMID: 37228075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the association between family satisfaction, resilience, and anxiety and depression among adolescents, and the mediating role of resilience in these relationships. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among grade 8 to 9 students from 4 secondary schools in Hong Kong. A total of 1,146 participants completed the survey. RESULTS Respectively 45.8% and 58.0% of students scored above the cut-off for mild anxiety and mild depression. Results from linear regression analyses showed that family satisfaction was positively associated with resilience, and both family satisfaction and resilience were and negatively associated with anxiety and depression. The mediating effects of resilience on the relationship between family satisfaction and anxiety/ depression (26.3% and 31.1% effects accounted for, respectively) were significant. CONCLUSIONS Both family satisfaction and resilience have important influence on adolescent mental health. Interventions that seek to promote positive family relationships and resilience of adolescents may be effective in preventing and reducing anxiety and depression symptoms among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beizhu Ye
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ho Hin Lee
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jason C H Yeung
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Phoenix K H Mo
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Yuksel D, Kiss O, Prouty D, Arra N, Volpe L, Baker FC, de Zambotti M. Stress, hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activity and autonomic nervous system function in adolescents with insomnia. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 187:43-53. [PMID: 36822502 PMCID: PMC10041935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal stress responses have been linked to the etiology of insomnia. We investigated the relationship between insomnia, stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, and autonomic nervous system (ANS) function in adolescence. METHODS Forty-seven post-pubertal adolescents (16-20 years old, 28 female) with (N = 16; insomnia group) and without (N = 31; control group) DSM-5 insomnia symptoms were assessed for stress levels and stress reactivity and underwent a standardized stress protocol (Trier Social Stress Test (TSST)), after an overnight laboratory stay. Cortisol was measured upon awakening and 30-minutes later to calculate the cortisol awakening response (CAR). During the TSST, perceived stress, salivary cortisol (HPA activity), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) measures were collected. RESULTS Participants in the insomnia group reported more stress from school performance and work overload, with insomnia girls experiencing more stress from peer pressure and future uncertainty than control girls (p < 0.05). No group differences were detected in the CAR and pre-TSST stress levels. All participants showed significant increases in perceived stress (~19 %), HR (~33 %), systolic (~13 %), and diastolic (~15 %) BP in response to the TSST (p < 0.05). Overall HR stress response did not differ between groups, but was lower in boys with insomnia than in girls with insomnia (p < 0.05). Cortisol stress responses were inconclusive, possibly due to a masking effect of CAR, as the task was performed shortly after awakening and larger CARs were associated with blunted cortisol stress responses. DISCUSSION Results mostly show no group difference in physiological stress responses, although some interaction effects suggest a potential sex by insomnia interaction. Larger samples are needed to understand the physiological disturbances of insomnia in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Yuksel
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Devin Prouty
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Arra
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Laila Volpe
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Fiona C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA; Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Chan NY, Wu WJ, Chan JWY, Chan KCC, Li AM, Chan SSM, Hau KT, Wing YK. Sleep and academic performance among students in Hong Kong: Curvilinear relationship suggesting an optimal amount of sleep. Sleep Med 2023; 106:97-105. [PMID: 37079951 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to elucidate the association between sleep and academic performance using standardized academic assessment in a large and representative sample of school children and adolescents in Hong Kong. METHODS This school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016. Students completed territory-wide standardized tests in Chinese, English, and Mathematics and a set of questionnaires covering sleep, academic anxiety and motivation. Parents provided additional information on socioeconomic status and children's study behaviors. Weekday proxy sleep duration was reflected by time-in-bed, the difference between bedtime and wakeup time. RESULTS The study included 4262 Grade 3 (G.3) (mean age [SD], 9.2 [0.6] years; girls: 49.7%) and 3297 G.9 students (mean age [SD], 15.3 [0.74]; girls: 57.5%) from 77 schools. Apart from showing a general insufficiency of students' sleep in this metropolitan city, there was a significant quadratic relationship (G.3: β = -0.05, p < .001; G.9: β = -0.03, p < .01), indicating that students with an optimal level of sleep (9.5 h and 8.5 h in G.3 and G.9, respectively) tend to have better academic performance. The significant association remained after controlling for socioeconomic and study-related variables in that sleeping too little or too much was associated with poor academic performance. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to explore the curvilinear association between sleep duration and academic performance by using standardized test and simultaneously examining learning-related controls with a large representative sample in Hong Kong. The findings suggested that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and academic performance in both school-aged children and adolescents. It is recommended that systematic sleep education and intervention is necessary to encourage the development of optimal sleep pattern, which might have beneficial effect on academic performance for students at both primary and secondary level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngan Yin Chan
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen Jie Wu
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joey Wing Yan Chan
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kate Ching Ching Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Albert Martin Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sandra Sau Man Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kit Tai Hau
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Griffith JM, Long EE, Young JF, Hankin BL. Co-occurring Stress Trajectories and the Longitudinal Coupling of Internalizing Symptoms in Parent-Adolescent Dyads. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:885-903. [PMID: 36947315 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Stress is one candidate mechanism posited to contribute to the intergenerational risk of psychopathology. However, the ways in which parent and child stress are related across adolescence, and the role that co-occurring parent and child stress may exert regarding bidirectional risk for internalizing symptoms, are not well understood. Using repeated measures data spanning 3-years, this study investigated (1) the extent to which trajectories of parent and child stress are related during adolescence, and (2) whether co-occurring parent and child stress trajectories mediate prospective, bidirectional associations between parent depression symptoms and child internalizing symptoms (depression, physical and social anxiety). Participants included 618 parent-adolescent dyads (age 8-16; 57% girls; 89% mothers). Parent depressive symptoms and child symptoms of depression, social anxiety, and physical anxiety were assessed via self-report questionnaire at baseline and 36 months later. Parent and child stress were assessed via self-report questionnaire every three months between 3- and 33-months (11 total assessments). Latent growth curve model (LGCM) analysis found that parent and child stress trajectories were positively related across development. Prospective LGCM mediation analysis showed that higher youth stress at 3-months partially mediated prospective relations between parental depressive symptoms at baseline and youth depressive, as well as physical and social anxiety symptoms at 36-months. Parent and child stress reinforce each other across adolescence and may lead to increased risk for psychopathology. Increases in child stress represent an important factor conferring transdiagnostic risk for internalizing among children of depressed parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Griffith
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - Erin E Long
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jami F Young
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Deng H, Wen F, Xu H, Yang H, Yan J, Zheng Y, Cui Y, Li Y. Prevalence of affective disorders in Chinese school-attending children and adolescents aged 6-16 based on a national survey by MINI-Kid. J Affect Disord 2023; 331:192-199. [PMID: 36948465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD), dysthymia disorder (DD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are the most prevalent affective disorders. A nationwide epidemiological investigation of MDD, DD and BP in school-attending children and adolescents was carried out, taking the effect of age, gender and comorbidity into consideration. METHODS A two-stage nationwide epidemiological study of point prevalence was conducted. Using a multistage cluster stratified random sampling strategy. The sample distribution was described, and the point prevalence of affective disorders was estimated. Chi-squared tests were used to compare disease prevalence based on sex and age. Comorbid ratios for MDD, DD and BP were calculated. RESULTS The total number of cases in Stage 1 was 72,107 (aged 6-16 years). The point prevalence of MDD, DD and BP were 2.004 % (95 % CI: 1.902 to 2.106), 0.352 % (95 % CI: 0.309 to 0.395) and 0.856 % (95 % CI: 0.788 to 0.923), respectively. The total prevalence of affective disorder was 3.212 % (95 % CI: 3.079 to 3.338). The total prevalence of affective disorders between sexes (female: 3.834 % versus male: 2.587 %, χ2 = 90.155, p < 0.001) was consistent with the gender difference in MDD, DD and MD. The total prevalence of affective disorders in adolescents was higher than that in children (adolescents: 5.024 % versus children: 1.863 %, χ2 = 566.841, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first nationwide survey on the prevalence of affective disorders among school-attending children and adolescents aged 6-16 in China. Our results also highlighted the importance of addressing comorbidities in future studies of affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Deng
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Fang Wen
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Big Data Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hanxue Yang
- School of Psychology, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjuan Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, China.
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Jones JD, Long EE, Hankin BL, Gallop R, Davis M, Young JF. Personalized Depression Prevention Reduces Dependent Stressors Among Adolescents: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36940144 PMCID: PMC10509329 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2023.2188562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression and stressors both increase during adolescence. The stress generation model posits that depression symptoms and associated impairment contribute to the generation of dependent stressors. Adolescent depression prevention programs have been shown to reduce the risk of depression. Recently, risk-informed personalization approaches have been adopted to enhance the efficacy of depression prevention, and preliminary evidence supports the beneficial effects of personalized prevention on depression symptoms. Given the close association between depression and stress, we examined the hypothesis that personalized depression prevention programs would reduce adolescents' experience of dependent stressors (interpersonal and non-interpersonal) over longitudinal follow-up. METHOD The present study included 204 adolescents (56% girls, 29% racial minority) who were randomized to receive either a cognitive-behavioral or an interpersonal prevention program. Youth were categorized as high or low on cognitive and interpersonal risk using a previously established risk classification system. Half of the adolescents received a prevention program that matched their risk profile (e.g., high cognitive risk randomized to cognitive-behavioral prevention); half received a mismatched program (e.g., high interpersonal risk randomized to cognitive-behavioral prevention). Exposure to dependent and independent stressors was assessed repeatedly over an 18-month follow-up period. RESULTS Matched adolescents reported fewer dependent stressors during the post-intervention follow-up period (d = .46, p = .002) and from baseline through 18-months post-intervention (d = .35, p = .02) compared to mismatched youth. As expected, there were no differences between matched and mismatched youth on the experience of independent stressors. CONCLUSIONS These findings further highlight the potential of personalized approaches to depression prevention and demonstrate benefits that go beyond depression symptom reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Jones
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Erin E Long
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Benjamin L Hankin
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | | | - Molly Davis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Penn Implementation Science Center at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (PISCE@LDI), University of Pennsylvania
| | - Jami F Young
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
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Impact of Gender on Insomnia. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13030480. [PMID: 36979290 PMCID: PMC10046211 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a distinct preponderance of female insomniacs when compared to male insomniacs. The aim of this study was to examine possible gender differences in the causes for insomnia, and the phenotypes of insomnia, and to investigate whether gender-specific insomnia diagnosis and treatment could be relevant in clinical practice. Data were collected from 121 insomniac patients by a medical specialist in the framework of normal clinical practice in Germany. The data consist of the patient’s medical history and various sleep-related patient questionnaires. Data from both genders were tested for independence using chi-square tests and Mann–Whitney U tests. We found a correlation between the gender of the patient and insomnia phenotypes in several aspects: concomitant lipometabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus, and high BMIs are more common in male insomniacs (p < 0.05). Frequency of insomnia occurrence in certain age groups, insomnia severity, distribution of SOI (sleep onset insomnia), SMI (sleep maintenance insomnia) and combined SOI + SMI, sleep duration, the time needed to seek medical consultation, trying out sleep-inducing drugs/techniques and the trigger, etiology and familial predisposition of the insomniac disorder were independent of the patient’s gender. We would like to re-evaluate the results with a larger number of patients in a further study.
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Wang L, Jiang S. Class climate, adolescent financial and academic strain, and depressive symptoms. J Affect Disord 2023; 324:270-278. [PMID: 36566940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the risk and protective factors that influence the trajectory of depressive symptoms may help schools better support students in adolescence. The present study used a multilevel framework to examine the effects of adolescent perceptions of financial strain, academic strain, and class climate on their depressive symptoms in the context of Confucian collectivism and an exam-centered culture. The study also investigated the multi-level moderating effects of students' perceptions of class climate and gender on the association between perceptions of strains and depressive symptoms. Drawing on a sample of 13,087 adolescents aged 12-18 years (mean age = 14.53, SD = 1.228) from 28 counties/districts in China, multilevel analysis was conducted, with demographic factors controlled for. The results revealed that the perceptions of financial strain and academic strain were significantly and positively associated with adolescent depressive symptoms, while class climate was significantly and negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Notably, the association between financial strain and depressive symptoms was moderated by class climate at the class level, the association was weaker in classes with a more positive class climate. Furthermore, the results revealed that academic strain was more positively associated with depressive symptoms among female adolescents than male adolescents. These findings highlight the importance of cultivating adolescents in a class climate with the aim of alleviating the financial strain and academic strain; they also indicate the importance of applying gender-specific efforts in programs with an academic strain and depression focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Social Work, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Sociology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Davis MM, Modi HH, Skymba HV, Finnegan MK, Haigler K, Telzer EH, Rudolph KD. Thumbs up or thumbs down: neural processing of social feedback and links to social motivation in adolescent girls. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:6786289. [PMID: 36318468 PMCID: PMC10036875 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of rapid biological and psychological development, characterized by increasing emotional reactivity and risk-taking, especially in peer contexts. Theories of adolescent neural development suggest that the balance in sensitivity across neural threat, reward and regulatory systems contributes to these changes. Building on previous research, this study used a novel social feedback task to explore activation and functional connectivity in the context of social threat and reward in a sample of mid-adolescent girls (n = 86, Mage = 16.32). When receiving negative peer feedback, adolescents showed elevated activation in, and amygdala connectivity with, social processing regions [e.g. medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ)]. When receiving positive feedback, adolescents showed elevated activation in social and reward (e.g. mPFC and ventromedial prefrontal cortex) processing regions and less striatum-cerebellum connectivity. To understand the psychological implications of neural activation and co-activation, we examined associations between neural processing of threat and reward and self-reported social goals. Avoidance goals predicted elevated amygdala and striatum connectivity with social processing regions [e.g. medial temporal gyrus (MTG)], whereas approach goals predicted deactivation in social processing regions (e.g. MTG/TPJ and precuneus), highlighting the importance of considering individual differences in sensitivity to social threat and reward in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Davis
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Haina H Modi
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Haley V Skymba
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Megan K Finnegan
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Katherine Haigler
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karen D Rudolph
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
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46
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Madhavan S, Stewart LC, Birk SL, Nielsen JD, Olino TM. Positive and Negative Life Events in Association with Psychopathology: An Examination of Sex Differences in Early Adolescence. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01509-w. [PMID: 36809644 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01509-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Negative life events (NLEs) are associated with psychopathology in older adolescents and adults, particularly for women. However, less is known about the association between positive life events (PLEs) and psychopathology. This study examined associations between NLEs, PLEs, and their interaction, and sex differences in associations between PLEs and NLEs on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Youth completed interviews about NLEs and PLEs. Parents and youth reported on youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms. NLEs were positively associated with youth-reported depression and anxiety and parent-reported youth depression. Female youth had stronger positive associations between NLEs and youth-reported anxiety than male youth. Interactions between PLEs and NLEs were non-significant. Findings for NLEs and psychopathology are extended to earlier in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Madhavan
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lindsey C Stewart
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Samantha L Birk
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Johanna D Nielsen
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Weiss Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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47
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Topps AK, Jiang X. Exploring the Moderating Role of Ethnic Identity in the Relation Between Peer Stress and Life Satisfaction among Adolescents. CONTEMPORARY SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 27:1-12. [PMID: 36844883 PMCID: PMC9936939 DOI: 10.1007/s40688-023-00454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective Ethnic identity is a crucial aspect of identity development during adolescence. This study aimed to examine the potential protective effect of ethnic identity in the relation between peer stress and global life satisfaction among adolescents. Method Data were collected via self-report measures from 417 adolescents (ages 14 to 18, 63.0% girls; 32.6% African American, 32.1% European American, 15.0% Asian American, 10.5% Hispanic or Latinx, 6.6% Biracial or Multiracial, and 0.7% Other) at one public, urban high school. Results The first model tested ethnic identity as the single moderator in the entire sample, and the moderation effect was not significant. The second model added ethnicity (African American vs. European American) as another moderator, and moderation effects were significant for both moderators. Furthermore, the negative effect of peer stress on life satisfaction was stronger for African American adolescents than European American counterparts. For both racial groups, the negative effect of peer stress on life satisfaction decreased as ethnic identity increased. The third model tested a three-way interaction across peer stress, ethnicity (African American vs. European American), and ethnic identity, which was not significant. Conclusions The results supported the buffering effect of ethnic identity in the context of peer stress for both African American and European American adolescents, and such effect appears to be more important for protecting African American adolescents' life satisfaction, though these two moderators appear to work independently, rather than interact with each other and the peer stressor. Implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson K. Topps
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, 400 Innovation Dr, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Psychological Studies in Education, Temple University, 1301 Cecil B Moore Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
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48
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Zhao Z, Cai R, Zhao Y, Hu Y, Liu J, Wu M. Association between Dairy Consumption and Psychological Symptoms: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study of College Students in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3261. [PMID: 36833957 PMCID: PMC9967214 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing the dairy consumption and psychological symptoms of Chinese college students as a reference for the mental health of Chinese college students. METHODS A three-stage stratified whole-group sampling method was used to investigate dairy consumption and psychological symptoms among 5904 (2554 male students, accounting for 43.3% of the sample) college students in the Yangtze River Delta region. The mean age of the subjects was 20.13 ± 1.24 years. Psychological symptoms were surveyed using the Brief Questionnaire for the Assessment of Adolescent Mental Health. The detection rates of emotional problems, behavioral symptoms, social adaptation difficulties and psychological symptoms among college students with different dairy consumption habits were analyzed using chi-square tests. The association between dairy consumption and psychological symptoms was assessed using a logistic regression model. RESULTS College students from the "Yangtze River Delta" region of China participated in the study, of which 1022 (17.31%) had psychological symptoms. The proportions of participants with dairy consumption of ≤2 times/week, 3-5 times/week, and ≥6 times/week were 25.68%, 42.09%, and 32.23%, respectively. Using dairy consumption ≥6 times/week as a reference, multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that college students with dairy consumption ≤2 times/week (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.71) were at higher risk of psychological symptoms (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese college students with lower dairy consumption exhibited higher detection rates of psychological symptoms. Dairy consumption was negatively associated with the occurrence of psychological symptoms. Our study provides a basis for mental health education and increasing knowledge about nutrition among Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
- Sports Health Promotion Center, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
| | - Ruibao Cai
- School of Physical Education, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
- Sports Health Promotion Center, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
| | - Yongxing Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
- Sports Health Promotion Center, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Research Department of Physical Education, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi 830023, China
| | - Jingzhi Liu
- Research Department of Physical Education, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi 830023, China
| | - Minghao Wu
- School of Physical Education, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
- Sports Health Promotion Center, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
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49
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Morken IS, Viddal KR, von Soest T, Wichstrøm L. Explaining the Female Preponderance in Adolescent Depression-A Four-Wave Cohort Study. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:859-869. [PMID: 36738407 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-023-01031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the transition from childhood into adolescence, a female preponderance in depression emerges. Despite substantial empirical research to test theoretical propositions as to why this happens, our understanding is still limited. One explanation claims that girls become exposed to more stress (stress exposure model) whereas another proposes that girls become more vulnerable to the impact of stress (stress reactivity model) than boys when entering adolescence. Stressful life events (SLEs) and bullying victimization are established risk factors for adolescent depression. However, whether these factors contribute to the gender difference in depression is undetermined and thus investigated herein. Children (49.9% boys; n = 748) and parents from two birth cohorts in Trondheim, Norway, were followed biennially from ages 8 to 14 with clinical interviews about symptoms of depressive disorders and self-reports on SLEs. Teachers reported on bullying victimization. Prospective associations were investigated using an autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals, examining within-person longitudinal associations while accounting for all time-invariant confounding effects. The number of depressive symptoms increased from ages 12 to 14 among girls. In the period before (ages 10 to 12), girls and boys were equally exposed to SLEs and bullying victimization. Increased stress (both SLEs and bullying victimization) at age 12 predicted increased depression at age 14 more strongly among girls than boys. Hence, increased impact-but not exposure-of SLEs and bullying victimization in girls may partly explain the emerging female preponderance in depression, in line with a stress reactivity model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Sund Morken
- Department of Psychology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kristine Rensvik Viddal
- Department of Psychology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tilmann von Soest
- Department of Psychology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Wichstrøm
- Department of Psychology, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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50
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Ezenwosu OU, Chukwu BF, Uwaezuoke NA, Ezenwosu IL, Urom KO, Udorah MI, Ikefuna AN, Emodi IJ. Assessment of depression in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia in a low-resource setting: a comparative study. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 40:40-50. [PMID: 35838017 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2022.2071510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) usually face psychological complications especially depression. Assessment of depression in resource-limited settings may help identify the extent to which the children with SCA in such settings may need its introduction as part of routine care. This study aimed to assess depression in children and adolescents with SCA in a low-resource setting. This cross-sectional observational study involved 84 children and adolescents with SCA aged 7-17 years who were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Their controls were 84 age- and sex-matched individuals with AA hemoglobin genotype. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data while depression was assessed with the Children's Depression Inventory. The prevalence of depression was non-significantly higher in subjects compared to the controls (8.3% vs. 2.4%) (Fisher's χ2 = 1.88, p = 0.171). Though not statistically significant, the subjects had 3.7 times higher odds of having depression compared to the controls (OR = 3.7; 95% CI 0.75-18.50; p = 0.107). Of the 5 depression subscales, the subjects had a significantly higher difference in the negative mood (p = 0.042). Despite the comparable prevalence of depression with their normal controls, children and adolescents with SCA had a higher negative mood and higher odds of having depression than normal individuals. Thus, there is a need for the introduction of depression assessment as a complement to routine care of these children with SCA in resource-poor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osita U Ezenwosu
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria.,Institute of Maternal and Child Health, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria.,University of Nigeria, Centre for Translational and Implementation Research, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Barth F Chukwu
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ndubuisi A Uwaezuoke
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ifeyinwa L Ezenwosu
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Kelechi O Urom
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | - Anthony N Ikefuna
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma J Emodi
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
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