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De Assis GG, Murawska-Ciałowicz E. BDNF Modulation by microRNAs: An Update on the Experimental Evidence. Cells 2024; 13:880. [PMID: 38786102 PMCID: PMC11119608 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs can interfere with protein function by suppressing their messenger RNA translation or the synthesis of its related factors. The function of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential to the proper formation and function of the nervous system and is seen to be regulated by many microRNAs. However, understanding how microRNAs influence BDNF actions within cells requires a wider comprehension of their integrative regulatory mechanisms. Aim: In this literature review, we have synthesized the evidence of microRNA regulation on BDNF in cells and tissues, and provided an analytical discussion about direct and indirect mechanisms that appeared to be involved in BDNF regulation by microRNAs. Methods: Searches were conducted on PubMed.gov using the terms "BDNF" AND "MicroRNA" and "brain-derived neurotrophic factor" AND "MicroRNA", updated on 1 September 2023. Papers without open access were requested from the authors. One hundred and seventy-one papers were included for review and discussion. Results and Discussion: The local regulation of BDNF by microRNAs involves a complex interaction between a series of microRNAs with target proteins that can either inhibit or enhance BDNF expression, at the core of cell metabolism. Therefore, understanding this homeostatic balance provides resources for the future development of vector-delivery-based therapies for the neuroprotective effects of BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmara Gomes De Assis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-385, SP, Brazil
| | - Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland;
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2
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Anderson KA, Whitehead BJ, Petersen ED, Kemme MR, Wedster A, Hochgeschwender U, Sandstrom MI. Behavioral context improves optogenetic stimulation of transplanted dopaminergic cells in unilateral 6-OHDA rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 441:114279. [PMID: 36586489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has long been a popular method of treatment for Parkinson's disease currently being researched in both preclinical and clinical settings. While early clinical results are based upon fetal tissue transplants rather than stem cell transplants, the lack of successful integration in some patients and gradual loss of effect in others suggests a more robust protocol is needed. We propose a two-front approach, one where transplants are directly stimulated in coordination with host activity elicited by behavioral tasks, which we refer to as behavioral context. After a pilot with unilateral 6-OHDA rats transplanted with dopaminergic cells differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells that were optogenetically stimulated during a swim task, we discovered that early stimulation predicted lasting reduction of motor deficits, even in the absence of later stimulation. This led to a follow-up with n = 21 rats split into three groups: one stimulated while performing a swim task (Stim-Swim; St-Sw), one not stimulated while swimming (NoStim-Swim; NSt-Sw), and one stimulated while stationary in a bowl (Stim-NoSwim; St-NSw). After initial stimulation (or lack thereof), all rats were retested two and seven days later with the swim task in the absence of stimulation. The St-Sw group gradually achieved and maintained symmetrical limb use, whereas the NSt-Sw group showed persistent asymmetry and the St-NSw group showed mixed results. This supports the notion that stem cell therapy should integrate targeted stimulation of the transplant with behavioral stimulation of the host tissue to encourage proper functional integration of the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Anderson
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Bailey J Whitehead
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; West Virginia University, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Eric D Petersen
- Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology Program, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Madison R Kemme
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Anna Wedster
- Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Ute Hochgeschwender
- Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology Program, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Michael I Sandstrom
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA.
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Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a Possible Innovative Therapeutic Tool in Facial Nerve Injury Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:8427200. [PMID: 36691473 PMCID: PMC9867597 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8427200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Facial nerve palsy is a serious neurological condition that strongly affects patient everyday life. Standard treatments provide insufficient improvement and are burdened with the risk of severe complications, e.g., facial synkinesis. Mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies are a novel and extensively developed field which offers new treatment approaches with promising results in regards to the nervous tissue regeneration. The potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to aid the regeneration of damaged nerves has been demonstrated in several preclinical models, as well as in several clinical trials. However, therapies based on cell transplantation are difficult to standardize in the manner similar to that of routine clinical practices. On the other hand, treatments based on mesenchymal stromal cell secretome harness the proregenerative features of mesenchymal stromal cells but relay on a product with measurable parameters that can be put through standardization procedures and deliver a fully controllable end-product. Utilization of mesenchymal stromal cell secretome allows the controlled dosage and standardization of the components to maximize the therapeutic potential and ensure safety of the end-product.
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A view of response and resistance to atomoxetine treatment in children with ADHD: effects of CYP2C19 polymorphisms and BDNF levels. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 78:1095-1104. [PMID: 35486119 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-022-03321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although several genes have previously been studied about the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the number of studies investigating the effects of genes on atomoxetine (ATX) treatment is very limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of CYP2C19 polymorphisms, which have a role in ATX biotransformation, on the treatment response and also to assess whether there is a relationship between BDNF and treatment response in children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS One hundred children with ADHD and 100 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. The treatment response was assessed 2 months after the start of the ATX treatment. DNA samples from peripheral venous blood were replicated using PCR and analyzed using the ILLUMINA next-generation sequencing method. The resulting fastqs were analyzed using Basespace's Variant Interpreter Program. Plasma BDNF levels were evaluated with ELISA kits. RESULTS Treatment response was found to be lower in both heterozygous and homozygous carriers of the c.681G > A (CYP2C19*2) polymorphism. When the BDNF level was compared, it was found to be significantly higher in the ADHD group compared to HCs. Also, BDNF has a stronger predictive value for assessing resistance to ATX treatment. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the effects of CYP2C19 polymorphisms and BDNF levels together on ATX treatment in children. Further studies with an extensive population are needed to better understand the effects of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on treatment and side effects, as well as the effects of BDNF levels.
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Xu L, Guo Y, Wang G, Sun G, Sun W, Li J, Li X, Wu J, Zhang M. Inhibition of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Plays a Role in Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Aged Mice Through Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/Tyrosine Receptor Kinase B and Neurotrophin-3/Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase C Pathways. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:782932. [PMID: 35309893 PMCID: PMC8931760 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.782932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane anesthesia induces cognitive impairment, which may lead to perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). However, the factors and molecular mechanism underlying this impairment remains unclear. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus has been implicated in cognitive processes. Nonetheless, the direct role of AHN in sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment has never been demonstrated. In this study, we explored the age and the concentration factors and the role of AHN inhibition in sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in sevoflurane inhalation model mice. We found that 3% sevoflurane exposure induced significant cognitive impairment and inhibition of AHN in aged mice but not adult mice. Expression of BDNF/TrkB and NT-3/TrkC was also decreased by 3% sevoflurane exposure in aged mice. Hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) microinjection could partially improve the sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment and AHN inhibition, respectively. These results demonstrate that the cognitive impairment caused by sevoflurane inhalation is related to patient age and sevoflurane concentration. In conclusion, the molecular mechanism of cognitive impairment in the elderly is related to the inhibition of AHN through the BDNF/TrkB and NT-3/TrkC pathways. Thus, sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia may be safe for adult patients, but caution should be exercised when administering it to the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichi Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanjing Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqing Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangnan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mengyuan Zhang,
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Notaras M, Lodhi A, Dündar F, Collier P, Sayles NM, Tilgner H, Greening D, Colak D. Schizophrenia is defined by cell-specific neuropathology and multiple neurodevelopmental mechanisms in patient-derived cerebral organoids. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1416-1434. [PMID: 34789849 PMCID: PMC9095467 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to an inability to ethically access developing human brain tissue as well as identify prospective cases, early-arising neurodevelopmental and cell-specific signatures of Schizophrenia (Scz) have remained unknown and thus undefined. To overcome these challenges, we utilized patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to generate 3D cerebral organoids to model neuropathology of Scz during this critical period. We discovered that Scz organoids exhibited ventricular neuropathology resulting in altered progenitor survival and disrupted neurogenesis. This ultimately yielded fewer neurons within developing cortical fields of Scz organoids. Single-cell sequencing revealed that Scz progenitors were specifically depleted of neuronal programming factors leading to a remodeling of cell-lineages, altered differentiation trajectories, and distorted cortical cell-type diversity. While Scz organoids were similar in their macromolecular diversity to organoids generated from healthy controls (Ctrls), four GWAS factors (PTN, COMT, PLCL1, and PODXL) and peptide fragments belonging to the POU-domain transcription factor family (e.g., POU3F2/BRN2) were altered. This revealed that Scz organoids principally differed not in their proteomic diversity, but specifically in their total quantity of disease and neurodevelopmental factors at the molecular level. Single-cell sequencing subsequently identified cell-type specific alterations in neuronal programming factors as well as a developmental switch in neurotrophic growth factor expression, indicating that Scz neuropathology can be encoded on a cell-type-by-cell-type basis. Furthermore, single-cell sequencing also specifically replicated the depletion of BRN2 (POU3F2) and PTN in both Scz progenitors and neurons. Subsequently, in two mechanistic rescue experiments we identified that the transcription factor BRN2 and growth factor PTN operate as mechanistic substrates of neurogenesis and cellular survival, respectively, in Scz organoids. Collectively, our work suggests that multiple mechanisms of Scz exist in patient-derived organoids, and that these disparate mechanisms converge upon primordial brain developmental pathways such as neuronal differentiation, survival, and growth factor support, which may amalgamate to elevate intrinsic risk of Scz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Notaras
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aiman Lodhi
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Friederike Dündar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Collier
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole M Sayles
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hagen Tilgner
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Greening
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Institute & Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dilek Colak
- Center for Neurogenetics, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Gale and Ira Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Aishwarya L, Arun D, Kannan S. Stem cells as a potential therapeutic option for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:590-605. [PMID: 35135464 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666210810105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In future, neurodegenerative diseases will take over cancer's place and become the major cause of death in the world, especially in developed countries. Advancements in the medical field and its facilities have led to an increase in the old age population, and thus contributing to the increase in number of people suffering from neurodegenerative diseases. Economically it is of a great burden to society and the affected family. No current treatment aims to replace, protect, and regenerate lost neurons; instead, it alleviates the symptoms, extends the life span by a few months and creates severe side effects. Moreover, people who are affected are physically dependent for performing their basic activities, which makes their life miserable. There is an urgent need for therapy that could be able to overcome the deficits of conventional therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells, the unspecialized cells with the properties of self-renewing and potency to differentiate into various cells types can become a potent therapeutic option for neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells have been widely used in clinical trials to evaluate their potential in curing different types of ailments. In this review, we discuss the various types of stem cells and their potential use in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease based on published preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya L
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai-600 116. India
| | - Dharmarajan Arun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai-600 116. India
| | - Suresh Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai-600 116. India
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Cheng H, Huang Y, Chen W, Che J, Liu T, Na J, Wang R, Fan Y. Cyclic Strain and Electrical Co-stimulation Improve Neural Differentiation of Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:624755. [PMID: 34055769 PMCID: PMC8150581 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.624755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the combinatorial effect of cyclic strain and electrical stimulation on neural differentiation potential of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) inductions in vitro. We developed a prototype device which can provide cyclic strain and electrical signal synchronously. Using this system, we demonstrated that cyclic strain and electrical co-stimulation promote the differentiation of BMCSs into neural cells with more branches and longer neurites than strain or electrical stimulation alone. Strain and electrical co-stimulation can also induce a higher expression of neural markers in terms of transcription and protein level. Neurotrophic factors and the intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) are also upregulated with co-stimulation. Importantly, the co-stimulation further enhances the calcium influx of neural differentiated BMSCs when responding to acetylcholine and potassium chloride (KCl). Finally, the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2 and protein kinase B (AKT) was elevated under co-stimulation treatment. The present work suggests a synergistic effect of the combination of cyclic strain and electrical stimulation on BMSC neuronal differentiation and provides an alternative approach to physically manipulate stem cell differentiation into mature and functional neural cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jifei Che
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Taidong Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Na
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruojin Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Chinese Education Ministry, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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Li M, Yang J, Cheng O, Peng Z, Luo Y, Ran D, Yang Y, Xiang P, Huang H, Tan X, Wang H. Effect of TO901317 on GF to promote the differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into dopamine neurons on Parkinson's disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2021; 12:2040622321998139. [PMID: 33796244 PMCID: PMC7985948 DOI: 10.1177/2040622321998139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) could differentiate into dopamine-producing cells and ameliorate behavioral deficits in Parkinson’s disease (PD) models. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are involved in the maintenance of the normal function of central nervous system myelin. Therefore, the previous work of our team has found the induction of cocktail-induced to dopaminergic (DA) phenotypes from adult rat BMSCs by using sonic hedgehog (SHH), fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and TO901317 (an agonist of LXRs) with 87.42% of efficiency in a 6-day induction period. But we did not verify whether the induced cells had the corresponding neural function. Methods: Expressions of LXRα, LXRβ, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot. Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The induced cells were transplanted into PD rats to study whether the induced cells are working. Results: The induced cells can release the dopamine transmitter; the maximum induction efficiency of differentiation of hBMSCs into DA neurons was 91.67% under conditions of combined use with TO901317 and growth factors (GF). When the induced-cells were transplanted into PD rats, the expression of TH in the striatum increased significantly, and the behavior of PD rats induced by apomorphine was significantly improved. Conclusion: The induced cells have the function of DA neurons and have the potential to treat PD. TO901317 promoted differentiation of hBMSCs into DA neurons, which may be related to activation of the LXR-ABCA1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Junqing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Oumei Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongzhi Ran
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Pu Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaodan Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Singh M, Jain M, Bose S, Halder A, Nag TC, Dinda AK, Mohanty S. 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol for dopaminergic neuronal specification of MSCs and amelioration of Parkinsonian symptoms in rats. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:13. [PMID: 33454721 PMCID: PMC7811530 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00351-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxysterols play vital roles in the human body, ranging from cell cycle regulation and progression to dopaminergic neurogenesis. While naïve human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been explored to have neurogenic effect, there is still a grey area to explore their regenerative potential after in vitro differentiation. Hence, in the current study, we have investigated the neurogenic effect of 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22-HC) on hMSCs obtained from bone marrow, adipose tissue and dental pulp. Morphological and morphometric analysis revealed physical differentiation of stem cells into neuronal cells. Detailed characterization of differentiated cells affirmed generation of neuronal cells in culture. The percentage of generation of non-DA cells in the culture confirmed selective neurogenic potential of 22-HC. We substantiated the efficacy of these cells in neuro-regeneration by transplanting them into Parkinson's disease Wistar rat model. MSCs from dental pulp had maximal regenerative effect (with 80.20 ± 1.5% in vitro differentiation efficiency) upon transplantation, as shown by various behavioural examinations and immunohistochemical tests. Subsequential analysis revealed that 22-HC yields a higher percentage of functional DA neurons and has differential effect on various tissue-specific primary human MSCs. 22-HC may be used for treating Parkinson's disease in future with stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Singh
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Stem Cell Facility (DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Manish Jain
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Samrat Bose
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Ashutosh Halder
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Tapas Chandra Nag
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Amit Kumar Dinda
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Stem Cell Facility (DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
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11
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Singh M, Vaishnav PK, Dinda AK, Mohanty S. Evaluation of Priming Efficiency of Forskolin in Tissue-Specific Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Dopaminergic Neurons: An In Vitro Comparative Study. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092058. [PMID: 32917012 PMCID: PMC7565008 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) can be derived from various tissue sources and differentiated into dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons using various types of inducers. There are several strategies that have been reported to generate functional dopaminergic neuronal cells from hMSCs in the most efficient manner possible. However, this area is still under extensive research. In this study, we aim to compare hMSCs derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AD) and dental pulp (DP) to generate functional dopaminergic neurons, using FGF2 and forskolin. Post-differentiation, multiple factors were used to characterize the cells at morphological, morphometric, ultra-structural, mRNA and protein levels for various markers (Nestin, NF, MAP2, Tuj1, TH, DAT, PitX3, Ngn2, Kv4.2, SCN5A). Cells’ functionality was studied by calcium ion imaging, along with the amount of dopamine secreted by the cells in the culture medium. Results: Data analysis revealed that forskolin has comparable effect on BM- and AD-derived MSC (28.43% and 29.46% DAergic neurons, respectively), whereas DP-MSC (42.78 ± 1.248% DAergic neurons) show better outcome in terms of efficient generation of DAergic neuronal cells, expression of neuronal associated markers, dopamine release and calcium ion efflux. Ultra-structural studies by SEM and TEM also revealed a substantial change in both cellular morphology and composition of cellular organelles. It was observed that AD-MSCs showed the best neuronal features, at morphological, gene, and protein levels upon induction with the above-mentioned induction cocktail. Conclusion: It may be concluded that a combination of FGF2 and forskolin yields functionally active dopaminergic neuronal cells in vitro, with highest percentage of the same from AD-MSCs, as compared to that in BM-MSCs and DP-MSCs. The outcomes and comparative evaluation provide a substantial platform for further studies on molecular pathways involved in the process of DAergic neurogenesis in individual cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Singh
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
- Dr. Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neurosciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA 21218, USA
| | | | - Amit Kumar Dinda
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-986-839-8194 or +91-981-029-1336
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12
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Salado-Manzano C, Perpiña U, Straccia M, Molina-Ruiz FJ, Cozzi E, Rosser AE, Canals JM. Is the Immunological Response a Bottleneck for Cell Therapy in Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:250. [PMID: 32848630 PMCID: PMC7433375 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD) are characterized by a selective detrimental impact on neurons in a specific brain area. Currently, these diseases have no cures, although some promising trials of therapies that may be able to slow the loss of brain cells are underway. Cell therapy is distinguished by its potential to replace cells to compensate for those lost to the degenerative process and has shown a great potential to replace degenerated neurons in animal models and in clinical trials in PD and HD patients. Fetal-derived neural progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells are the main cell sources that have been tested in cell therapy approaches. Furthermore, new strategies are emerging, such as the use of adult stem cells, encapsulated cell lines releasing trophic factors or cell-free products, containing an enriched secretome, which have shown beneficial preclinical outcomes. One of the major challenges for these potential new treatments is to overcome the host immune response to the transplanted cells. Immune rejection can cause significant alterations in transplanted and endogenous tissue and requires immunosuppressive drugs that may produce adverse effects. T-, B-lymphocytes and microglia have been recognized as the main effectors in striatal graft rejection. This review aims to summarize the preclinical and clinical studies of cell therapies in PD and HD. In addition, the precautions and strategies to ensure the highest quality of cell grafts, the lowest risk during transplantation and the reduction of a possible immune rejection will be outlined. Altogether, the wide-ranging possibilities of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) could make therapeutic treatment of these incurable diseases possible in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Salado-Manzano
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Unai Perpiña
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J. Molina-Ruiz
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emanuele Cozzi
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Transplant Immunology Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Anne E. Rosser
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Brain Repair Group, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Josep M. Canals
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Neural Substructure Development during Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Treatment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144867. [PMID: 32660142 PMCID: PMC7402296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are highly important in biology due to their unique innate ability to self-renew and differentiate into other specialised cells. In a neurological context, treating major injuries such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and stroke is a strong basis for research in this area. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a strong candidate because of their accessibility, compatibility if autologous, high yield and multipotency with a potential to generate neural cells. With the use of small-molecule chemicals, the neural induction of stem cells may occur within minutes or hours. Isobutylmethyl xanthine (IBMX) has been widely used in cocktails to induce neural differentiation. However, the key molecular mechanisms it instigates in the process are largely unknown. In this study we showed that IBMX-treated mesenchymal stem cells induced differentiation within 24 h with the unique expression of several key proteins such as Adapter protein crk, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, DNA topoisomerase 2-beta and Cell division protein kinase 5 (CDK5), vital in linking signalling pathways. Furthermore, the increased expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in treated cells promotes phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and GTPase–Hras interactions. Bioinformatic and pathway analyses revealed upregulation in expression and an increase in the number of proteins with biological ontologies related to neural development and substructure formation. These findings enhance the understanding of the utility of IBMX in MSC neural differentiation and its involvement in neurite substructure development.
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14
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Elsayed NA, Yamamoto KM, Froehlich TE. Genetic Influence on Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy for Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Overview and Current Status of Research. CNS Drugs 2020; 34:389-414. [PMID: 32133580 PMCID: PMC8083895 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-020-00702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Multiple stimulant and non-stimulant medications are approved for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most prevalent childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. Choosing among the available agents and determining the most effective ADHD medication for a given child can be a time-consuming process due to the high inter-individual variability in treatment efficacy. As a result, there is growing interest in identifying predictors of ADHD medication response in children through the burgeoning field of pharmacogenomics. This article reviews childhood ADHD pharmacogenomics efficacy studies published during the last decade (2009-2019), which have largely focused on pharmacodynamic candidate gene investigations of methylphenidate and atomoxetine response, with a smaller number investigating pharmacokinetic candidate genes and genome-wide approaches. Findings from studies which have advanced the field of ADHD pharmacogenomics through investigation of meta-analytic approaches and gene-gene interactions are also overviewed. Despite recent progress, no one genetic variant or currently available pharmacogenomics test has demonstrated clinical utility in pinpointing the optimal ADHD medication for a given individual patient, highlighting the need for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A Elsayed
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 4002, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Integrated Research Center for Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kaila M Yamamoto
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 4002, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Tanya E Froehlich
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 4002, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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15
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Luo Y, Liang C, Liu Y, Liu X, Xu Y. RXRα and MRTF-A have a synergistic effect in the retinoic acid-induced neural-like differentiation of adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1373-1381. [PMID: 32125053 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multilineage differentiation potential and can transform into neuron cells under an appropriate environment. Retinoic acid (RA) facilitates the neuronal differentiation of MSCs. We found that RXRα, a RA receptor, was significantly upregulated in RA-induced process. Here, we show that RXRα collaborated with myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A) to strongly promote the RA-induced process as evidenced by the increase in NF-H expression and NF-H promoter transcription activity. Our studies reveal that RXRα and MRTF-A exhibit protein interactions and synergistically inhibit the MSCs apoptosis by enhancing the P21 expression. Furthermore, RXRα and MRTF-A can activate P21 transcription by affecting the formation of the MRTF-A/RXRα/RARE complex. These findings reveal the important roles of RXRα and MRTF-A signaling in RA-induced neural-like differentiation of MSCs and describe a new mechanism underlying the synergistic interaction of RXRα and MRTF-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, No. 39 Xueyuan Road, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Huangjiahu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, No. 39 Xueyuan Road, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, No. 39 Xueyuan Road, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Huangjiahu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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16
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Qian Y, Chen X, Wang W, Li J, Wang X, Tang Z, Xu J, Lin H, Yang Z, Li L, Song X, Guo J, Bian L, Zhou L, Lu D, Deng X. Transplantation of Nurr1-overexpressing neural stem cells and microglia for treating parkinsonian rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:55-65. [PMID: 31087449 PMCID: PMC6930818 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation is considered a promising treatment for Parkinson's disease. But most NSCs are differentiated into glial cells rather than neurons, and only a few of them survive after transplantation due to the inflammatory environment. METHODS In this study, neural stem cells (NSCs) and microglial cells both forced with the Nurr1 gene were transplanted into the striatum of the rat model of PD. The results were evaluated through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS The behavioral abnormalities of PD rats were improved by combined transplantation of NSCs and microglia, both forced with Nurr1. The number of tyrosine hydroxylase+ cells in the striatum of PD rats increased, and the number of Iba1+ cells decreased compared with the other groups. Moreover, the dopamine neurons differentiated from grafted NSCs could still be detected in the striatum of PD rats after 5 months. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that transplantation of Nurr1-overexpressing NSCs and microglia could improve the inhospitable host brain environments, which will be a new potential strategy for the cell replacement therapy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qian
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineYunnan Engineering Technology Center of Digestive disease1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
- Genetic Diagnosis CenterWomen and Children HospitalKunmingChina
| | - Xiao‐Xiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Central Hospital of WenzhouWenzhouChina
| | - Wei Wang
- Genetic Diagnosis CenterWomen and Children HospitalKunmingChina
| | - Jun‐Jun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xian‐Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Zhi‐Wei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Jiao‐Tian Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Zhi‐Yong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Li‐Yan Li
- Institute of NeuroscienceKunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xiao‐Bin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Jia‐Zhi Guo
- Rehabilitation Engineering Research Laboratory, Biomedicine Engineering Research CentreKunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Li‐Gong Bian
- Department of AnatomyKunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Lei Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine of Yunnan ProvinceInstitute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Di Lu
- Rehabilitation Engineering Research Laboratory, Biomedicine Engineering Research CentreKunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Xing‐Li Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
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17
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Li B, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Li Y, Li B. Identification of miRNA-7 as a regulator of brain-derived neurotrophic factor/α-synuclein axis in atrazine-induced Parkinson's disease by peripheral blood and brain microRNA profiling. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:542-548. [PMID: 31185338 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine; ATR) is widely used as an herbicide, and its accumulation in the environment is a health risk to humans; for instance, it has been shown to cause dopaminergic neurotoxicity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNAs that regulate gene expression in diverse physiological contexts; however, the extent of their involvement in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) is not known. In this study, we carried out miRNA profiling of peripheral blood and brain tissue in a rat model of PD in order to identify factors that mediate PD pathogenesis. The miRNAmiR-7 is known to cause the downregulation of α-synuclein (α-syn), which is linked to the neuropathology of PD. Here we found that miR-7 was upregulated in brain tissue but downregulated in peripheral blood of rats with ATR-induced PD. We also found that miR-7 regulates the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through an auto regulatory mechanism. These findings indicate that miRNA-7 regulates the BDNF/α-syn axis in the early stages of PD and can serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyun Li
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Yaning Xu
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanshu Li
- Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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18
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Anand SK, Mondal AC. Neuroanatomical distribution and functions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:754-763. [PMID: 31532010 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an extensively studied protein that is evolutionarily conserved and widely distributed in the brain of vertebrates. It acts via its cognate receptors TrkB and p75NTR and plays a central role in the developmental neurogenesis, neuronal survival, proliferation, differentiation, synaptic plasticity, learning and memory, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and brain regeneration. BDNF has also been implicated in a plethora of neurological disorders. Hence, understanding the processes that are controlled by BDNF and their regulating mechanisms is important. Although, BDNF has been thoroughly studied in the mammalian models, contradictory effects of its functions have been reported on several occasions. These contradictory effects may be attributed to the sheer complexity of the mammalian brain. The study of BDNF and its associated functions in a simpler vertebrate model may provide some clarity about the effects of BDNF on the neurophysiology of the brain. Keeping that in mind, this review aims at summarizing the current knowledge about the distribution of BDNF and its associated functions in the zebrafish brain. The main focus of the review is to give a comparative overview of BDNF distribution and function in zebrafish and mammals with respect to distinct life stages. We have also reviewed the regulation of bdnf gene in zebrafish and discussed its role in developmental and adult neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Kumar Anand
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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19
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Xie P, Deng M, Sun QG, Ma YG, Zhou Y, Ming JH, Chen Q, Liu SQ, Liu JQ, Cai J, Wu F. Therapeutic effect of transplantation of human bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells on neuron regeneration in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3065-3074. [PMID: 31432152 PMCID: PMC6755237 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) have been revealed to be beneficial for the regeneration of tissues and cells in several diseases. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effect of hBMSC transplantation on neuron regeneration in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The hBMSCs were isolated, cultured and identified. A rat model of MCAO was induced via the modified Longa method. Neurological severity scores (NSS) were adopted for the evaluation of neuronal function in the model rats after cell transplantation. Next, the expression levels of nestin, β-III-tubulin (β-III-Tub), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), HNA and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) were examined, as well as the positive expression rates of human neutrophil alloantigen (HNA), nestin, NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP. The NSS, as well as the mRNA and protein expression of nestin, decreased at the 1st, 2nd, 4 and 8th weeks, while the mRNA and protein expression of NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP increased with time. In addition, after treatment, the MCAO rats showed decreased NSS and mRNA and protein expression of nestin, but elevated mRNA and protein expression of NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP at the 2nd, 4 and 8th weeks, and decreased positive expression of HNA and nestin with enhanced expression of NeuN, β-III-Tub and GFAP. Therefore, the present findings demonstrated that hBMSC transplantation triggered the formation of nerve cells and enhanced neuronal function in a rat model of MCAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xie
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Guo Sun
- Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jiang-Hua Ming
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Qing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Qi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First of Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Emergency and Trauma Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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20
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Vishnoi T, Singh A, Teotia AK, Kumar A. Chitosan-Gelatin-Polypyrrole Cryogel Matrix for Stem Cell Differentiation into Neural Lineage and Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Peripheral Nerve Injury Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3007-3021. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Sherman LS, Romagano MP, Williams SF, Rameshwar P. Mesenchymal stem cell therapies in brain disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 95:111-119. [PMID: 30922957 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As treatments for diseases throughout the body progress, treatment for many brain diseases has been at a standstill due to difficulties in drug delivery. While new drugs are being discovered in vitro, these therapies are often hindered by inefficient tissue distribution and, more commonly, an inability to cross the blood brain barrier. Mesenchymal stem cells are thus being investigated as a delivery tool to directly target therapies to the brain to treat wide array of brain diseases. This review discusses the use of mesenchymal stem cells in hypoxic disease (hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy), an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease (multiple sclerosis), and a malignant condition (glioma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Sherman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA; School of Graduate Studies, Biomedical Sciences Programs - Newark, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Matthew P Romagano
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Shauna F Williams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Synaptic Plasticity of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiating into Neuron-like Cells In Vitro Induced by Edaravone. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:5304279. [PMID: 30510585 PMCID: PMC6230402 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5304279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) are characterized with the potential ability to differentiate to several types of cells. Edaravone has been demonstrated to prevent the hUMSCs from the oxidative damage, especially its ability in antioxidative stress. We hypothesized that Edaravone induces the hUMSCs into the neuron-like cells. Methods The hUMSCs were obtained from the human umbilical cord tissue. The differentiation of hUMSCs was induced by Edaravone with three different doses: 0.65 mg/ml, 1.31 mg/ml, and 2.62 mg/ml. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell markers. Protein and mRNA levels of nestin, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. The expression of synaptophysin (SYN), growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), and postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95) was detected by Real-Time PCR. Results As long as the prolongation of the culture, the hUMSCs displayed with the long strips or long fusiform to fat and then characterized with the radial helix growth. By using flow cytometry, the cultured hUMSCs at the 3rd, 5th, and 10th passages were expressed with CD73, CD90, and CD105 but not CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Most of the hUMSCs cultured with Edaravone exhibited typical nerve-immediately characters including the cell body contraction, increased refraction, and protruding one or more elongated protrusions, which were not found in the control group without addition of Edaravone. NSE, nestin, and GFAP were positive in these neuron-like cells. Edaravone dose-dependently increased expression levels of NSE, nestin, and GFAP. After replacement of maintenance fluid, neuron-like cells continued to be cultured for five days. These neuron-like cells were positive for SYN, PSD95, and GAP43. Conclusion Edaravone can dose-dependently induce hUMSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells that expressed the neuronal markers including NSE, nestin, and GFAP and synaptic makers such as SYN, PSD95, and GAP43.
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Bhupal PK, Anderson KA, Shall GP, Lynn JD, Hoolsema KS, Rossignol J, Dunbar GL, Sandstrom MI. Behavioral and neurochemical responses derived from dopaminergic intrastriatal grafts in hemiparkinsonian rats engaged in a novel motor task. J Neurosci Methods 2018; 307:149-163. [PMID: 29924980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Putative treatments derived from in vivo stem cell transplant-derived dopamine (DA) in hemiparkinsonian rats have been assessed via DA-agonist-induced rotations involving imbalanced intra-hemispheric striatal DA receptor stimulation. However, such tests obscure the natural responses of grafts to sensory stimuli, and drug-induced plasticity can modify the circuit being tested. Thus, we propose an alternative testing strategy using a novel water tank swimming apparatus. NEW METHOD Microdialysis was used to compare striatal DA levels when rats were: (1) in a rest-phase within a bowl-shaped apparatus, or (2) in an active forced-swim phase within a specially-equipped water tank. Resting-phase DA release levels were compared with active-phase levels obtained while rats were required to swim in the water-tank task. Behavioral variables such as asymmetric circling while swimming (rotations), front-limb strokes, and front-limb reaches were captured by a camera for analysis. RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Transplanted cells had a very modest effect on percentage of contralateral front-limb strokes, but did not reduce lesion-induced rotational asymmetry in the swim task. Neither striatal DA levels, nor their breakdown products, were significantly different between transplanted and sham-transplanted groups. Our new behavioral test eliminates the need for pharmacological stimulation, enabling simultaneous assessment of DA released in resting and active phases to explore graft control. CONCLUSIONS Our new method allows for accurate assessments of stem cell therapy for PD as an alternative to "rotation" tests. Use of natural motivations to engage in sensory-driven motor tasks provides more accurate insights into ongoing graft-derived behavioral support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parnit K Bhupal
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Kevin A Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Gabrielle P Shall
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Jonathan D Lynn
- Department of Psychiatry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Julien Rossignol
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States; College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Gary L Dunbar
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States; Field Neuroscience Institute, Saginaw, MI, United States
| | - Michael I Sandstrom
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Experimental Psychology Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States.
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Sun Y, Selvaraj S, Pandey S, Humphrey KM, Foster JD, Wu M, Watt JA, Singh BB, Ohm JE. MPP + decreases store-operated calcium entry and TRPC1 expression in Mesenchymal Stem Cell derived dopaminergic neurons. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11715. [PMID: 30082759 PMCID: PMC6079049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder involving the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons (DNs), with currently available therapeutics, such as L-Dopa, only able to relieve some symptoms. Stem cell replacement is an attractive therapeutic option for PD patients, and DNs derived by differentiating patient specific stem cells under defined in-vitro conditions may present a viable opportunity to replace dying neurons. We adopted a previously published approach to differentiate Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) into DN using a 12-day protocol involving FGF-2, bFGF, SHH ligand and BDNF. While MSC-derived DNs have been characterized for neuronal markers and electrophysiological properties, we investigated store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) mechanisms of these DNs under normal conditions, and upon exposure to environmental neurotoxin, 1-methyl, 4-phenyl pyridinium ion (MPP+). Overall, we show that MSC-derived DNs are functional with regard to SOCE mechanisms, and MPP+ exposure dysregulates calcium signaling, making them vulnerable to neurodegeneration. Since in-vitro differentiation of MSCs into DNs is an important vehicle for PD disease modeling and regenerative medicine, the results of this study may help with understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58203, USA
| | - Senthil Selvaraj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58203, USA
| | - Sumali Pandey
- Biosciences Department, Minnesota State University, Moorhead, Moorhead, MN, USA
| | - Kristen M Humphrey
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - James D Foster
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58203, USA
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58203, USA
| | - John A Watt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 58203, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- School of Dentistry, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, TX, 78229, San Antonio, USA.
| | - Joyce E Ohm
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
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Soheilifar MH, Javeri A, Amini H, Taha MF. Generation of Dopamine-Secreting Cells from Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells In Vitro. Rejuvenation Res 2018; 21:360-368. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Javeri
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Fakhr Taha
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Wu GH, Shi HJ, Che MT, Huang MY, Wei QS, Feng B, Ma YH, Wang LJ, Jiang B, Wang YQ, Han I, Ling EA, Zeng X, Zeng YS. Recovery of paralyzed limb motor function in canine with complete spinal cord injury following implantation of MSC-derived neural network tissue. Biomaterials 2018; 181:15-34. [PMID: 30071379 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have reported previously that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived neural network scaffold not only survived in the injury/graft site of spinal cord but also served as a "neuronal relay" that was capable of improving the limb motor function in a complete spinal cord injury (SCI) rat model. It remained to be explored whether such a strategy was effective for repairing the large spinal cord tissue loss as well as restoring motor function in larger animals. We have therefore extended in this study to construct a canine MSC-derived neural network tissue in vitro with the aim to evaluate its efficacy in treating adult beagle dog subjected to a complete transection of the spinal cord. The results showed that after co-culturing with neurotropin-3 overexpressing Schwann cells in a gelatin sponge scaffold for 14 days, TrkC overexpressing MSCs differentiated into neuron-like cells. In the latter, some cells appeared to make contacts with each other through synapse-like structures with trans-synaptic electrical activities. Remarkably, the SCI canines receiving the transplantation of the MSC-derived neural network tissue demonstrated a gradual restoration of paralyzed limb motor function, along with improved electrophysiological presentation when compared with the control group. Magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging showed that the canines receiving the MSC-derived neural network tissue exhibited robust nerve tract regeneration in the injury/graft site. Histological analysis showed that some of the MSC-derived neuron-like cells had survived in the injury/graft site up to 6.5 months. Implantation of MSC-derived neural network tissue significantly improved the microenvironment of the injury/graft site. It is noteworthy that a variable number of them had integrated with the regenerating corticospinal tract nerve fibers and 5-HT nerve fibers through formation of synapse-like contacts. The results suggest that the transplanted MSC-derived neural network tissue may serve as a structural and functional "neuronal relay" to restore the paralyzed limb motor function in the canine with complete SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hui Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hui-Juan Shi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ming-Tian Che
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Meng-Yao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qing-Shuai Wei
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lai-Jian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Wang
- Department of Electron Microscope, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Eng-Ang Ling
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Yuan-Shan Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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TNF inhibits catecholamine production from induced sympathetic neuron-like cells in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis in vitro. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9645. [PMID: 29941879 PMCID: PMC6018168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27927-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial adipose stem cells (sASC) can be differentiated into catecholamine-expressing sympathetic neuron-like cells to treat experimental arthritis. However, the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is known to be toxic to catecholaminergic cells (see Parkinson disease), and this may prevent anti-inflammatory effects in inflamed tissue. We hypothesized that TNF exhibits inhibitory effects on human differentiated sympathetic tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH+) neuron-like cells. For the first time, iTH+ neuron-like sympathetic cells were generated from sACSs of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissue. Compared to untreated controls in both OA and RA, TNF-treated iTH+ cells demonstrated a weaker staining of catecholaminergic markers in cell cultures of RA/OA patients, and the amount of produced noradrenaline was markedly lower. These effects were reversed by etanercept. Exposure of iTH+ cells to synovial fluid of RA patients showed similar inhibitory effects. In mixed synovial cells, significant effects of TNF on catecholamine release were observed only in OA. This study shows that TNF inhibits iTH+ synovial cells leading to the decrease of secreted noradrenaline. This might be a reason why discovered newly appearing TH+ cells in the synovium are not able to develop their possible full anti-inflammatory role in arthritis.
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Shall G, Menosky M, Decker S, Nethala P, Welchko R, Leveque X, Lu M, Sandstrom M, Hochgeschwender U, Rossignol J, Dunbar G. Effects of Passage Number and Differentiation Protocol on the Generation of Dopaminergic Neurons from Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030720. [PMID: 29498713 PMCID: PMC5877581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have demonstrated the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into dopamine-producing cells, in vitro and in vivo, indicating their potential to be used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there are discrepancies among studies regarding the optimal time (i.e., passage number) and method for dopaminergic induction, in vitro. In the current study, we compared the ability of early (P4) and later (P40) passaged bone marrow-derived MSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons using two growth-factor-based approaches. A direct dopaminergic induction (DDI) was used to directly convert MSCs into dopaminergic neurons, and an indirect dopaminergic induction (IDI) was used to direct MSCs toward a neuronal lineage prior to terminal dopaminergic differentiation. Results indicate that both early and later passaged MSCs exhibited positive expression of neuronal and dopaminergic markers following either the DDI or IDI protocols. Additionally, both early and later passaged MSCs released dopamine and exhibited spontaneous neuronal activity following either the DDI or IDI. Still, P4 MSCs exhibited significantly higher spiking and bursting frequencies as compared to P40 MSCs. Findings from this study provide evidence that early passaged MSCs, which have undergone the DDI, are more efficient at generating dopaminergic-like cells in vitro, as compared to later passaged MSCs or MSCs that have undergone the IDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Shall
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Megan Menosky
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Sarah Decker
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Priya Nethala
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Ryan Welchko
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Xavier Leveque
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Ming Lu
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Michael Sandstrom
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Humanities and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Psychology Department, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
| | - Ute Hochgeschwender
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
- Field Neurosciences Institute, 4677 Towne Centre Rd. Suite 101, Saginaw, MI 48604, USA.
| | - Julien Rossignol
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
| | - Gary Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- Neuroscience Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Humanities and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Psychology Department, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
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Eve DJ, Sanberg PR, Buzanska L, Sarnowska A, Domanska-Janik K. Human Somatic Stem Cell Neural Differentiation Potential. Results Probl Cell Differ 2018; 66:21-87. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93485-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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Rameshwar P, Moore CA, Shah NN, Smith CP. An Update on the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1842:3-27. [PMID: 30196398 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8697-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The seeming setbacks noted for stem cells underscore the need for experimental studies for safe and efficacious application to patients. Both clinical and experimental researchers have gained valuable knowledge on the characteristics of stem cells, and their behavior in different microenvironment. This introductory chapter focuses on adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based on the predominance in the clinic. MSCs can be influenced by inflammatory mediators to exert immune suppressive properties, commonly referred to as "licensing." Interestingly, while there are questions if other stem cells can be delivered across allogeneic barrier, there is no question on the ability of MSCs to provide this benefit. This property has been a great advantage since MSCs could be available for immediate application as "off-the-shelf" stem cells for several disorders, tissue repair and gene/drug delivery. Despite the benefit of MSCs, it is imperative that research continues with the various types of stem cells. The method needed to isolate these cells is outlined in this book. In parallel, safety studies are needed; particularly links to oncogenic event. In summary, this introductory chapter discusses several potential areas that need to be addressed for safe and efficient delivery of stem cells, and argue for the incorporation of microenvironmental factors in the studies. The method described in this chapter could be extrapolated to the field of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T). This will require application to stem cell hierarchy of memory T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Caitlyn A Moore
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Niloy N Shah
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Caroline P Smith
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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Singh M, Kakkar A, Sharma R, Kharbanda OP, Monga N, Kumar M, Chowdhary S, Airan B, Mohanty S. Synergistic Effect of BDNF and FGF2 in Efficient Generation of Functional Dopaminergic Neurons from human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10378. [PMID: 28871128 PMCID: PMC5583182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the process of neurogenesis, generation of functional dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is important. BDNF has been reported to be responsible for inducing neuronal maturation and functionality. Previously, we have reported the efficient generation of neurons from human bone marrow derived MSCs using FGF2 alone. We hypothesize that hMSCs from various tissues [(bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AD) and dental pulp (DP)], if treated with BDNF on 9th day of induction, alongwith FGF2 will generate functional DAergic neurons. Hence, cells were characterized at morphometric, transcription and translational levels for various markers like MAP2, TH, NGN2, PITX3, DAT, synaptophysin, Kv4.2 and SCN5A. Functionality of in vitro generated neurons was studied by calcium ion imaging. Result analysis depicted that BDNF has effect on expression of dopaminergic neuronal markers at gene and protein levels and functionality of neurons. Among these hMSCs, DP-MSC showed significantly better neuronal characteristics in terms of morphology, expression of neuronal markers and foremost, functionality of neurons. From the present study, therefore, we concluded that i) BDNF has additive effect on neuronal characteristics and functionality ii) DP-MSC are better MSC candidate to study DAergic neurogenesis and perform future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Singh
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anupama Kakkar
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rinkey Sharma
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - O P Kharbanda
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research (CDER), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitika Monga
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Deformities, Centre for Dental Education and Research (CDER), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Balram Airan
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Kim S, Lim J, Bang Y, Moon J, Kwon MS, Hong JT, Jeon J, Seo H, Choi HJ. Alpha-Synuclein Suppresses Retinoic Acid-Induced Neuronal Differentiation by Targeting the Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1607-1619. [PMID: 28190238 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) is expressed during neuronal development and is mainly involved in the modulation of synaptic transmission. Missense mutations and amplifications of this gene have been associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Here, we evaluate whether α-SYN plays a detrimental role in the phenotypic and morphological regulation of neurons. We also identify the underlying mechanisms of this process in all-trans-retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, which represents dopaminergic (DAergic) phenotype. Our results indicate that overexpression of wild-type or mutant A53T α-SYN attenuated the RA-induced upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter as well as neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, GSK-3β inactivation and downstream β-catenin stabilization were associated with RA-induced differentiation, which was attenuated by α-SYN. Moreover, protein phosphatase 2A was positively regulated by α-SYN and was implicated in the α-SYN-mediated interference with RA signaling. The results obtained from SH-SY5Y cells were verified in primary cultures of mesencephalic DAergic neurons from A53T α-SYN transgenic mice, which represent high levels of α-SYN and protein phosphatase 2A in the midbrain. The number and length of neurites in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive as well as Tau-positive cells from A53T α-SYN transgenic mice were significantly lower than those in littermate controls. The current results provide novel insight into the role of α-SYN in the regulation of neuronal differentiation, including DAergic neurons. Identifying the signaling pathway involved in the α-SYN-mediated dysregulation of neuronal differentiation could lead to a better understanding of the developmental processes underlying α-SYN-related pathologies and facilitate the discovery of specifically targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasuk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Lim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeojin Bang
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisook Moon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeha Jeon
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemyung Seo
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea.
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Patel SS, Tomar S, Sharma D, Mahindroo N, Udayabanu M. Targeting sonic hedgehog signaling in neurological disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 74:76-97. [PMID: 28088536 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling influences neurogenesis and neural patterning during the development of central nervous system. Dysregulation of Shh signaling in brain leads to neurological disorders like autism spectrum disorder, depression, dementia, stroke, Parkinson's diseases, Huntington's disease, locomotor deficit, epilepsy, demyelinating disease, neuropathies as well as brain tumors. The synthesis, processing and transport of Shh ligand as well as the localization of its receptors and signal transduction in the central nervous system has been carefully reviewed. Further, we summarize the regulation of small molecule modulators of Shh pathway with potential in neurological disorders. In conclusion, further studies are warranted to demonstrate the potential of positive and negative regulators of the Shh pathway in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Tomar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Post Box 9, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Diksha Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Post Box 9, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Mahindroo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Post Box 9, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Malairaman Udayabanu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Lin XY, Lai BQ, Zeng X, Che MT, Ling EA, Wu W, Zeng YS. Cell Transplantation and Neuroengineering Approach for Spinal Cord Injury Treatment: A Summary of Current Laboratory Findings and Review of Literature. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:1425-38. [DOI: 10.3727/096368916x690836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause severe traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS). Current therapeutic effects achieved for SCI in clinical medicine show that there is still a long way to go to reach the desired goal of full or significant functional recovery. In basic medical research, however, cell transplantation, gene therapy, application of cytokines, and biomaterial scaffolds have been widely used and investigated as treatments for SCI. All of these strategies when used separately would help rebuild, to some extent, the neural circuits in the lesion area of the spinal cord. In light of this, it is generally accepted that a combined treatment may be a more effective strategy. This review focuses primarily on our recent series of work on transplantation of Schwann cells and adult stem cells, and transplantation of stem cell-derived neural network scaffolds with functional synapses. Arising from this, an artificial neural network (an exogenous neuronal relay) has been designed and fabricated by us—a biomaterial scaffold implanted with Schwann cells modified by the neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) gene and adult stem cells modified with the TrkC (receptor of NT-3) gene. More importantly, experimental evidence suggests that the novel artificial network can integrate with the host tissue and serve as an exogenous neuronal relay for signal transfer and functional improvement of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Lin
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bi-Qin Lai
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Tian Che
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Eng-Ang Ling
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wutian Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Jinan University–Hong Kong University Joint Laboratory, GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Shan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Shen Y, Huang J, Liu L, Xu X, Han C, Zhang G, Jiang H, Li J, Lin Z, Xiong N, Wang T. A Compendium of Preparation and Application of Stem Cells in Parkinson's Disease: Current Status and Future Prospects. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:117. [PMID: 27303288 PMCID: PMC4885841 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressively neurodegenerative disorder, implicitly characterized by a stepwise loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and explicitly marked by bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor and postural instability. Currently, therapeutic approaches available are mainly palliative strategies, including L-3,4-dihydroxy-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) replacement therapy, DA receptor agonist and deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures. As the disease proceeds, however, the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy is inevitably worn off, worse still, implicated by side effects of motor response oscillations as well as L-DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID). Therefore, the frustrating status above has propeled the shift to cell replacement therapy (CRT), a promising restorative therapy intending to secure a long-lasting relief of patients' symptoms. By far, stem cell lines of multifarious origins have been established, which can be further categorized into embryonic stem cells (ESCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), induced neural stem cells (iNSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this review, we intend to present a compendium of preparation and application of multifarious stem cells, especially in relation to PD research and therapy. In addition, the current status, potential challenges and future prospects for practical CRT in PD patients will be elaborated as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jinsha Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Zhicheng Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Division of Alcohol and Drug Abuse, and Mailman Neuroscience Research Center, McLean Hospital Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
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Zeng X, Ma YH, Chen YF, Qiu XC, Wu JL, Ling EA, Zeng YS. Autocrine fibronectin from differentiating mesenchymal stem cells induces the neurite elongation in vitro and promotes nerve fiber regeneration in transected spinal cord injury. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1902-11. [PMID: 26991461 PMCID: PMC5101622 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) expression is temporally and spatially regulated during the development of stem cells. We reported previously that fibronectin (FN) secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was deposited on the surface of gelatin sponge (GS) soon after culture. In this study, we aimed to assess the function of accumulated FN on neuronal differentiating MSCs as induced by Schwann cells (SCs) in three dimensional transwell co‐culture system. The expression pattern and amount of FN of differentiating MSCs was examined by immunofluorescence, Western blot and immunoelectron microscopy. The results showed that FN accumulated inside GS scaffold, although its mRNA expression in MSCs was progressively decreased during neural induction. MSC‐derived neuron‐like cells showed spindle‐shaped cell body and long extending processes on FN‐decorated scaffold surface. However, after blocking of FN function by application of monoclonal antibodies, neuron‐like cells showed flattened cell body with short and thick neurites, together with decreased expression of integrin β1. In vivo transplantation study revealed that autocrine FN significantly facilitated endogenous nerve fiber regeneration in spinal cord transection model. Taken together, the present results showed that FN secreted by MSCs in the early stage accumulated on the GS scaffold and promoted the neurite elongation of neuronal differentiating MSCs as well as nerve fiber regeneration after spinal cord injury. This suggests that autocrine FN has a dynamic influence on MSCs in a three dimensional culture system and its potential application for treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1902–1911, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuan-Huan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xue-Cheng Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jin-Lang Wu
- Department of Electron Microscope, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Eng-Ang Ling
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Yuan-Shan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu, 226019, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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Ahmed HH, Salem AM, Atta HM, Eskandar EF, Farrag ARH, Ghazy MA, Salem NA, Aglan HA. Updates in the pathophysiological mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease: Emerging role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:106-117. [PMID: 27022441 PMCID: PMC4807309 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i3.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the approaches exerted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to improve Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology.
METHODS: MSCs were harvested from bone marrow of femoral bones of male rats, grown and propagated in culture. Twenty four ovariectomized animals were classified into 3 groups: Group (1) was control, Groups (2) and (3) were subcutaneously administered with rotenone for 14 d after one month of ovariectomy for induction of PD. Then, Group (2) was left untreated, while Group (3) was treated with single intravenous dose of bone marrow derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). SRY gene was assessed by PCR in brain tissue of the female rats. Serum transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were assayed by ELISA. Brain dopamine DA level was assayed fluorometrically, while brain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and nestin gene expression were detected by semi-quantitative real time PCR. Brain survivin expression was determined by immunohistochemical procedure. Histopathological investigation of brain tissues was also done.
RESULTS: BM-MSCs were able to home at the injured brains and elicited significant decrease in serum TGF-β1 (489.7 ± 13.0 vs 691.2 ± 8.0, P < 0.05) and MCP-1 (89.6 ± 2.0 vs 112.1 ± 1.9, P < 0.05) levels associated with significant increase in serum BDNF (3663 ± 17.8 vs 2905 ± 72.9, P < 0.05) and brain DA (874 ± 15.0 vs 599 ± 9.8, P < 0.05) levels as well as brain TH (1.18 ± 0.004 vs 0.54 ± 0.009, P < 0.05) and nestin (1.29 ± 0.005 vs 0.67 ± 0.006, P < 0.05) genes expression levels. In addition to, producing insignificant increase in the number of positive cells for survivin (293.2 ± 15.9 vs 271.5 ± 15.9, P > 0.05) expression. Finally, the brain sections showed intact histological structure of the striatum as a result of treatment with BM-MSCs.
CONCLUSION: The current study sheds light on the therapeutic potential of BM-MSCs against PD pathophysiology via multi-mechanistic actions.
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Tzeng HH, Hsu CH, Chung TH, Lee WC, Lin CH, Wang WC, Hsiao CY, Leu YW, Wang TH. Cell Signaling and Differential Protein Expression in Neuronal Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Hypermethylated Salvador/Warts/Hippo (SWH) Pathway Genes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145542. [PMID: 26713735 PMCID: PMC4699852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modified by targeting DNA hypermethylation of genes in the Salvador/Warts/Hippo pathway were induced to differentiate into neuronal cells in vitro. The differentiated cells secreted a significant level of brain-derived neurotrophy factor (BDNF) and the expression of BDNF receptor tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) correlated well with the secretion of BDNF. In the differentiating cells, CREB was active after the binding of growth factors to induce phosphorylation of ERK in the MAPK/ERK pathway. Downstream of phosphorylated CREB led to the functional maturation of differentiated cells and secretion of BDNF, which contributed to the sustained expression of pERK and pCREB. In summary, both PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways play important roles in the neuronal differentiation of MSCs. The main function of the PI3K/Akt pathway is to maintain cell survival during neural differentiation; whereas the role of the MAPK/ERK pathway is probably to promote the maturation of differentiated MSCs. Further, cellular levels of protein kinase C epsilon type (PKC-ε) and kinesin heavy chain (KIF5B) increased with time of induction, whereas the level of NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 (Nm23-H1) decreased during the time course of differentiation. The correlation between PKC-ε and TrkB suggested that there is cross-talk between PKC-ε and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hung Tzeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hao Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Chi-Hsien Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Leu
- Department of Life Science, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsien Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Systems Biology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, Chiayi, 621 Taiwan
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Nakano R, Edamura K, Nakayama T, Narita T, Okabayashi K, Sugiya H. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-2 Contributes to the Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor-Induced Neuronal Differentiation in Canine Bone Marrow Stromal Cells via Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141581. [PMID: 26523832 PMCID: PMC4629880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are considered as candidates for regenerative therapy and a useful model for studying neuronal differentiation. The role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in neuronal differentiation has been previously studied; however, the signaling pathway involved in this process remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the signaling pathway in the bFGF-induced neuronal differentiation of canine BMSCs. bFGF induced the mRNA expression of the neuron marker, microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP2) and the neuron-like morphological change in canine BMSCs. In the presence of inhibitors of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt, i.e., SU5402, LY294002, and MK2206, respectively, bFGF failed to induce the MAP2 mRNA expression and the neuron-like morphological change. bFGF induced Akt phosphorylation, but it was attenuated by the FGFR inhibitor SU5402 and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. In canine BMSCs, expression of FGFR-1 and FGFR-2 was confirmed, but only FGFR-2 activation was detected by cross-linking and immunoprecipitation analysis. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of FGFR-2 in canine BMSCs resulted in the attenuation of bFGF-induced Akt phosphorylation. These results suggest that the FGFR-2/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in the bFGF-induced neuronal differentiation of canine BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Nakano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Edamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takanori Narita
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Okabayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Sonic Hedgehog Promotes Neurite Outgrowth of Primary Cortical Neurons Through Up-Regulating BDNF Expression. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:687-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lin R, Ding Z, Ma H, Shi H, Gao Y, Qian W, Shi W, Sun Z, Hou X, Li X. In Vitro Conditioned Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote De Novo Functional Enteric Nerve Regeneration, but Not Through Direct-Transdifferentiation. Stem Cells 2015; 33:3545-57. [PMID: 26302722 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Injury or neurodegenerative disorders of the enteric nervous system (ENS) cause gastrointestinal dysfunctions for which there is no effective therapy. This study, using the benzalkonium chloride-induced rat gastric denervation model, aimed to determine whether transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) could promote ENS neuron regeneration and if so, to elucidate the mechanism. Fluorescently labeled BMSC, isolated from either WT (BMSC labeled with bis-benzimide [BBM]) or green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic rats, were preconditioned in vitro using fetal gut culture media containing glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and transplanted subserosally into the denervated area of rat pylorus. In the nerve-ablated pylorus, grafted BMSC survived and migrated from the subserosa to the submucosa 28 days after transplantation, without apparent dedifferentiation. A massive number of PGP9.5/NSE/HuC/D/Tuj1-positive (but GFP- and BBM-negative) neurons were effectively regenerated in denervated pylorus grafted with preconditioned BMSC, suggesting that they were regenerated de novo, not originating from trans-differentiation of the transplanted BMSC. BMSC transplantation restored both basal pyloric contractility and electric field stimulation-induced relaxation. High levels of GDNF were induced in both in vitro-preconditioned BMSC as well as the previously denervated pylorus after transplantation of preconditioned BMSC. Thus, a BMSC-initiated GDNF-positive feedback mechanism is suggested to promote neuron regeneration and growth. In summary, we have demonstrated that allogeneically transplanted preconditioned BMSC initiate de novo regeneration of gastric neuronal cells/structures that in turn restore gastric contractility in pylorus-denervated rats. These neuronal structures did not originate from the grafted BMSC. Our data suggest that preconditioned allogeneic BMSC may have therapeutic value in treating enteric nerve disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine/GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhen Ding
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine/GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Huan Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Division of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Shi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjun Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Shi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoli Sun
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhang Li
- Department of Medicine/GI Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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42
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Song W, Jin XA. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor inhibits neuromuscular junction maturation mediated by inTracellular Ca(2+) and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase. Muscle Nerve 2015; 53:593-7. [PMID: 26248508 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) inhibits neuromuscular junction (NMJ) maturation. In this study we investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of this process. METHODS We used a patch-clamp technique to measure spontaneous synaptic currents (SSCs) from innervated muscle cells in Xenopus nerve-muscle cocultures. RESULTS In the presence of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK) inhibitor KN93, SSC amplitude (226.3 ± 26.5 pA), frequency (30.9 ± 10.1 events/min), and percentage of bell-shaped amplitude distributions (47.1%) were reversed to control levels (286.7 ± 48.2 pA, 26.2 ± 5.8 events/min, and 47.1%, respectively). Depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) by BAPTA-AM or thapsigargin had similar reversal effects to KN93. In addition, cotreatment with both 2-APB (IP3 receptor inhibitor) and TMB-8 (ryanodine receptor inhibitor) also reversed the inhibitory effects of BDNF, as shown by the physiological parameters. CONCLUSIONS CaMK mediates the inhibitory effects of BDNF on NMJ maturation. Ca(2+) released from intracellular stores through either IP3 receptors or ryanodine receptors regulates neurotrophic actions on NMJ maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Peking University Health Science Center, Mailbox 045, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.,Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiwan Albert Jin
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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Low WC, Rujitanaroj PO, Lee DK, Kuang J, Messersmith PB, Chan JKY, Chew SY. Mussel-Inspired Modification of Nanofibers for REST siRNA Delivery: Understanding the Effects of Gene-Silencing and Substrate Topography on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Neuronal Commitment. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:1457-68. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ching Low
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459
| | - Pim-On Rujitanaroj
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459
| | - Dong-Keun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Northwestern University, Evanston; Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jinghao Kuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Northwestern University, Evanston; Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Phillip B. Messersmith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Northwestern University, Evanston; Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine; KK Women's and Children's Hospital; 100 Bukit Timah Road Singapore 229899
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637459
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 308232
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Affect of antidepressants on the in vitro differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 73:81-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Integration of donor mesenchymal stem cell-derived neuron-like cells into host neural network after rat spinal cord transection. Biomaterials 2015; 53:184-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Borkowska P, Fila-Danilow A, Paul-Samojedny M, Kowalczyk M, Hart J, Ryszawy J, Kowalski J. Differentiation of adult rat mesenchymal stem cells to GABAergic, dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:179-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Pyrroloquinoline quinone against glutamate‐induced neurotoxicity in cultured neural stem and progenitor cells. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015; 42:37-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Tsai HL, Deng WP, Lai WFT, Chiu WT, Yang CB, Tsai YH, Hwang SM, Renshaw PF. Wnts enhance neurotrophin-induced neuronal differentiation in adult bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via canonical and noncanonical signaling pathways. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104937. [PMID: 25170755 PMCID: PMC4149376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnts were previously shown to regulate the neurogenesis of neural stem or progenitor cells. Here, we explored the underlying molecular mechanisms through which Wnt signaling regulates neurotrophins (NTs) in the NT-induced neuronal differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). NTs can increase the expression of Wnt1 and Wnt7a in hMSCs. However, only Wnt7a enables the expression of synapsin-1, a synaptic marker in mature neurons, to be induced and triggers the formation of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons. Human recombinant (hr)Wnt7a and general neuron makers were positively correlated in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of synaptic markers and neurites was induced by Wnt7a and lithium, a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor, in the NT-induced hMSCs via the canonical/β-catenin pathway, but was inhibited by Wnt inhibitors and frizzled-5 (Frz5) blocking antibodies. In addition, hrWnt7a triggered the formation of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons via the non-canonical/c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and the formation of these neurons was inhibited by a JNK inhibitor and Frz9 blocking antibodies. In conclusion, hrWnt7a enhances the synthesis of synapse and facilitates neuronal differentiation in hMSCS through various Frz receptors. These mechanisms may be employed widely in the transdifferentiation of other adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Li Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wing-Ping Deng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fu Thomas Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Nano-Tissue Engineering and Image Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Wen-Ta Chiu
- Center for Nano-Tissue Engineering and Image Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuan-Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charn-Bing Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei County Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiaw-Min Hwang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Perry F. Renshaw
- Department of Psychiatry and The Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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Zhang L, Liu L, Thompson R, Chan C. CREB modulates calcium signaling in cAMP-induced bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Cell Calcium 2014; 56:257-68. [PMID: 25154887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signaling has a versatile role in many important cellular functions. Despite its importance, regulation of calcium signaling in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also known as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells) has not been explored extensively. Our previous study revealed that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) enabled BMSCs to generate calcium signal upon stimulation by dopamine, KCl and glutamate. Concurrently, cAMP transiently activated the transcription factor cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in BMSCs. Activity of CREB can be modulated by the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase signaling pathway, however, whether the calcium signaling observed in cAMP-induced BMSCs requires CREB has not been investigated. In an effort to uncover the role of CREB in the generation of calcium signaling in response to modulators such as dopamine and KCl, we knocked down CREB activity in BMSCs. Our study indicated that BMSCs, but not its close relative fibroblasts, are responsive to dopamine and KCl after cAMP treatment. Calcium signal elicited by dopamine depends, in part, on calcium influx whereas that elicited by KCl depends completely on calcium influx. Knock-down of CREB activity significantly reduced or abolished the cAMP-induced calcium response, and reintroducing a constitutively active CREB partially restored the calcium response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxia Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Ryan Thompson
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Christina Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
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Nakano R, Edamura K, Sugiya H, Narita T, Okabayashi K, Moritomo T, Teshima K, Asano K, Nakayama T. Evaluation of mRNA expression levels and electrophysiological function of neuron-like cells derived from canine bone marrow stromal cells. Am J Vet Res 2014; 74:1311-20. [PMID: 24066915 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.74.10.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vitro differentiation of canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into functional, mature neurons. SAMPLE Bone marrow from 6 adult dogs. PROCEDURES BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow and chemically induced to develop into neurons. The morphology of the BMSCs during neuronal induction was monitored, and immunocytochemical analyses for neuron markers were performed after the induction. Real-time PCR methods were used to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of markers for neural stem or progenitor cells, neurons, and ion channels, and western blotting was used to assess the expression of neuronal proteins before and after neuronal induction. The electrophysiological properties of the neuron-like cells induced from canine BMSCs were evaluated with fluorescent dye to monitor Ca(2)+ influx. RESULTS Canine BMSCs developed a neuron-like morphology after neuronal induction. Immunocytochemical analysis revealed that these neuron-like cells were positive for neuron markers. After induction, the cells' mRNA expression levels of almost all neuron and ion channel markers increased, and the protein expression levels of nestin and neurofilament-L increased significantly. However, the neuron-like cells derived from canine BMSCs did not have the Ca(2)+ influx characteristic of spiking neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although canine BMSCs had neuron-like morphological and biochemical properties after induction, they did not develop the electrophysiological characteristics of neurons. Thus, these results have suggested that canine BMSCs could have the capacity to differentiate into a neuronal lineage, but the differentiation protocol used may have been insufficient to induce development into functional neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Nakano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
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