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Williams DM, Peden AA. S-acylation of NLRP3 provides a nigericin sensitive gating mechanism that controls access to the Golgi. eLife 2024; 13:RP94302. [PMID: 39263961 PMCID: PMC11392533 DOI: 10.7554/elife.94302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
NLRP3 is an inflammasome seeding pattern recognition receptor activated in response to multiple danger signals which perturb intracellular homeostasis. Electrostatic interactions between the NLRP3 polybasic (PB) region and negatively charged lipids on the trans-Golgi network (TGN) have been proposed to recruit NLRP3 to the TGN. In this study, we demonstrate that membrane association of NLRP3 is critically dependant on S-acylation of a highly conserved cysteine residue (Cys-130), which traps NLRP3 in a dynamic S-acylation cycle at the Golgi, and a series of hydrophobic residues preceding Cys-130 which act in conjunction with the PB region to facilitate Cys-130 dependent Golgi enrichment. Due to segregation from Golgi localised thioesterase enzymes caused by a nigericin induced breakdown in Golgi organisation and function, NLRP3 becomes immobilised on the Golgi through reduced de-acylation of its Cys-130 lipid anchor, suggesting that disruptions in Golgi homeostasis are conveyed to NLRP3 through its acylation state. Thus, our work defines a nigericin sensitive S-acylation cycle that gates access of NLRP3 to the Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Williams
- School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A Peden
- School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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2
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Aburayyan A, Carlson RJ, Rabie GN, Lee MK, Gulsuner S, Walsh T, Avraham KB, Kanaan MN, King MC. A paradoxical genotype-phenotype relationship: Low level of GOSR2 translation from a non-AUG start codon in a family with profound hearing loss. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2265-2268. [PMID: 37074134 PMCID: PMC10321379 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Aburayyan
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Hereditary Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Ryan J Carlson
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Grace N Rabie
- Hereditary Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Ming K Lee
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suleyman Gulsuner
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tom Walsh
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moien N Kanaan
- Hereditary Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine
| | - Mary-Claire King
- Department of Genome Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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3
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Resnick JD, Beer MA, Pekosz A. Early Transcriptional Responses of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells to Infection with Influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 Virus Differ and Are Influenced by Physiological Temperature. Pathogens 2023; 12:480. [PMID: 36986402 PMCID: PMC10051809 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2) viruses represent an ongoing threat to public health. Both viruses target the respiratory tract, which consists of a gradient of cell types, receptor expression, and temperature. Environmental temperature has been an understudied contributor to infection susceptibility and understanding its impact on host responses to infection could help uncover new insight into severe disease risk factors. As the nasal passageways are the initial site of respiratory virus infection, in this study we investigated the effect of temperature on host responses in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) utilizing IAV and SCV2 in vitro infection models. We demonstrate that temperature affected SCV2, but not IAV, viral replicative fitness and that SCV2-infected cultures were slower to mount an infection-induced response, likely due to suppression by the virus. Additionally, we show that that temperature not only changed the basal transcriptomic landscape of epithelial cells, but that it also impacted the response to infection. The induction of interferon and other innate immune responses was not drastically affected by temperature, suggesting that while the baseline antiviral response at different temperatures remained consistent, there may be metabolic or signaling changes that affect how well the cultures were able to adapt to new pressures, such as infection. Finally, we show that hNECs responded differently to IAV and SCV2 infection in ways that give insight into how the virus is able to manipulate the cell to allow for replication and release. Taken together, these data give new insight into the innate immune response to respiratory infections and can assist in identifying new treatment strategies for respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Resnick
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Michael A. Beer
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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4
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Resnick JD, Beer MA, Pekosz A. Early transcriptional responses of human nasal epithelial cells to infection with Influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 virus differ and are influenced by physiological temperature. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.07.531609. [PMID: 36945583 PMCID: PMC10028862 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.531609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2 (SCV2) viruses represent an ongoing threat to public health. Both viruses target the respiratory tract, which consists of a gradient of cell types, receptor expression, and temperature. Environmental temperature has been an un-derstudied contributor to infection susceptibility and understanding its impact on host responses to infection could help uncover new insights into severe disease risk factors. As the nasal passageways are the initial site of respiratory virus infection, in this study we investigated the effect of temperature on host responses in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) utilizing IAV and SCV2 in vitro infection models. We demonstrate that temperature affects SCV2, but not IAV, viral replicative fitness and that SCV2 infected cultures are slower to mount an infection-induced response, likely due to suppression by the virus. Additionally, we show that that temperature not only changes the basal transcriptomic landscape of epithelial cells, but that it also impacts the response to infection. The induction of interferon and other innate immune responses were not drastically affected by temperature, suggesting that while the baseline antiviral response at different temperatures remains consistent, there may be metabolic or signaling changes that affect how well the cultures are able to adapt to new pressures such as infection. Finally, we show that hNECs respond differently to IAV and SCV2 infection in ways that give insight into how the virus is able to manipulate the cell to allow for replication and release. Taken together, these data give new insight into the innate immune response to respiratory infections and can assist in identifying new treatment strategies for respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Resnick
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- McKusick- Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael A Beer
- McKusick- Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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5
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The cellular biology of plasma cells: Unmet challenges and opportunities. Immunol Lett 2023; 254:6-12. [PMID: 36646289 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasma cells and the antibodies they secrete are paramount for protection against infection but can also be implicated in diseases including autoantibody-mediated disease and multiple myeloma. Plasma cell terminal differentiation relies on a transcriptional switch and on important morphological changes. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are partly understood and how plasma cells manage to survive for long periods of time while secreting large quantities of antibodies remains unclear. In this review we aim to put in perspective what is known about plasma cell cellular biology to highlight the challenges faced by this field of research but also to illustrate how new opportunities may arise from the study of the fundamental mechanisms sustaining plasma cell survival and function.
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Spatial Proteomics Reveals Differences in the Cellular Architecture of Antibody-Producing CHO and Plasma Cell-Derived Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100278. [PMID: 35934186 PMCID: PMC9562429 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the recombinant biotherapeutics employed today to combat severe illnesses, for example, various types of cancer or autoimmune diseases, are produced by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. To meet the growing demand of these pharmaceuticals, CHO cells are under constant development in order to enhance their stability and productivity. The last decades saw a shift from empirical cell line optimization toward rational cell engineering using a growing number of large omics datasets to alter cell physiology on various levels. Especially proteomics workflows reached new levels in proteome coverage and data quality because of advances in high-resolution mass spectrometry instrumentation. One type of workflow concentrates on spatial proteomics by usage of subcellular fractionation of organelles with subsequent shotgun mass spectrometry proteomics and machine learning algorithms to determine the subcellular localization of large portions of the cellular proteome at a certain time point. Here, we present the first subcellular spatial proteome of a CHO-K1 cell line producing high titers of recombinant antibody in comparison to the spatial proteome of an antibody-producing plasma cell-derived myeloma cell line. Both cell lines show colocalization of immunoglobulin G chains with chaperones and proteins associated in protein glycosylation within the endoplasmic reticulum compartment. However, we report differences in the localization of proteins associated to vesicle-mediated transport, transcription, and translation, which may affect antibody production in both cell lines. Furthermore, pairing subcellular localization data with protein expression data revealed elevated protein masses for organelles in the secretory pathway in plasma cell-derived MPC-11 (Merwin plasma cell tumor-11) cells. Our study highlights the potential of subcellular spatial proteomics combined with protein expression as potent workflow to identify characteristics of highly efficient recombinant protein-expressing cell lines. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD029115.
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Vats S, Galli T. Role of SNAREs in Unconventional Secretion-Focus on the VAMP7-Dependent Secretion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:884020. [PMID: 35784483 PMCID: PMC9244844 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.884020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular membrane protein trafficking is crucial for both normal cellular physiology and cell-cell communication. The conventional secretory route follows transport from the Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the plasma membrane via the Golgi apparatus. Alternative modes of secretion which can bypass the need for passage through the Golgi apparatus have been collectively termed as Unconventional protein secretion (UPS). UPS can comprise of cargo without a signal peptide or proteins which escape the Golgi in spite of entering the ER. UPS has been classified further depending on the mode of transport. Type I and Type II unconventional secretion are non-vesicular and non-SNARE protein dependent whereas Type III and Type IV dependent on vesicles and on SNARE proteins. In this review, we focus on the Type III UPS which involves the import of cytoplasmic proteins in membrane carriers of autophagosomal/endosomal origin and release in the extracellular space following SNARE-dependent intracellular membrane fusion. We discuss the role of vesicular SNAREs with a strong focus on VAMP7, a vesicular SNARE involved in exosome, lysosome and autophagy mediated secretion. We further extend our discussion to the role of unconventional secretion in health and disease with emphasis on cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Vats
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Membrane Traffic in Healthy and Diseased Brain, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Galli
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Membrane Traffic in Healthy and Diseased Brain, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- GHU PARIS Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Paris, France
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8
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Page KM, McCormack JJ, Lopes-da-Silva M, Patella F, Harrison-Lavoie K, Burden JJ, Quah YYB, Scaglioni D, Ferraro F, Cutler DF. Structure modeling hints at a granular organization of the Golgi ribbon. BMC Biol 2022; 20:111. [PMID: 35549945 PMCID: PMC9102599 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vertebrate cells, the Golgi functional subunits, mini-stacks, are linked into a tri-dimensional network. How this "ribbon" architecture relates to Golgi functions remains unclear. Are all connections between mini-stacks equal? Is the local structure of the ribbon of functional importance? These are difficult questions to address, without a quantifiable readout of the output of ribbon-embedded mini-stacks. Endothelial cells produce secretory granules, the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB), whose von Willebrand Factor (VWF) cargo is central to hemostasis. The Golgi apparatus controls WPB size at both mini-stack and ribbon levels. Mini-stack dimensions delimit the size of VWF "boluses" whilst the ribbon architecture allows their linear co-packaging, thereby generating WPBs of different lengths. This Golgi/WPB size relationship suits mathematical analysis. RESULTS WPB lengths were quantized as multiples of the bolus size and mathematical modeling simulated the effects of different Golgi ribbon organizations on WPB size, to be compared with the ground truth of experimental data. An initial simple model, with the Golgi as a single long ribbon composed of linearly interlinked mini-stacks, was refined to a collection of mini-ribbons and then to a mixture of mini-stack dimers plus long ribbon segments. Complementing these models with cell culture experiments led to novel findings. Firstly, one-bolus sized WPBs are secreted faster than larger secretory granules. Secondly, microtubule depolymerization unlinks the Golgi into equal proportions of mini-stack monomers and dimers. Kinetics of binding/unbinding of mini-stack monomers underpinning the presence of stable dimers was then simulated. Assuming that stable mini-stack dimers and monomers persist within the ribbon resulted in a final model that predicts a "breathing" arrangement of the Golgi, where monomer and dimer mini-stacks within longer structures undergo continuous linking/unlinking, consistent with experimentally observed WPB size distributions. CONCLUSIONS Hypothetical Golgi organizations were validated against a quantifiable secretory output. The best-fitting Golgi model, accounting for stable mini-stack dimers, is consistent with a highly dynamic ribbon structure, capable of rapid rearrangement. Our modeling exercise therefore predicts that at the fine-grained level the Golgi ribbon is more complex than generally thought. Future experiments will confirm whether such a ribbon organization is endothelial-specific or a general feature of vertebrate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Page
- Department of Mathematics, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Jessica J. McCormack
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Mafalda Lopes-da-Silva
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- Current address: iNOVA4Health, CEDOC-Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francesca Patella
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- Current address: Kinomica, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge, Macclesfield, SK10 4TG UK
| | - Kimberly Harrison-Lavoie
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Jemima J. Burden
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Ying-Yi Bernadette Quah
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Dominic Scaglioni
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Francesco Ferraro
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, BEOM, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniel F. Cutler
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Local and substrate-specific S-palmitoylation determines subcellular localization of Gαo. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2072. [PMID: 35440597 PMCID: PMC9018777 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral membrane proteins (PMPs) associate with cellular membranes through post-translational modifications like S-palmitoylation. The Golgi apparatus is generally viewed as the transitory station where palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs) modify PMPs, which are then transported to their ultimate destinations such as the plasma membrane (PM). However, little substrate specificity among the many PATs has been determined. Here we describe the inherent partitioning of Gαo - α-subunit of heterotrimeric Go proteins - to PM and Golgi, independent from Golgi-to-PM transport. A minimal code within Gαo N-terminus governs its compartmentalization and re-coding produces G protein versions with shifted localization. We establish the S-palmitoylation at the outer nuclear membrane assay ("SwissKASH") to probe substrate specificity of PATs in intact cells. With this assay, we show that PATs localizing to different membrane compartments display remarkable substrate selectivity, which is the basis for PMP compartmentalization. Our findings uncover a mechanism governing protein localization and establish the basis for innovative drug discovery.
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10
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The biogenesis and secretion of exosomes and multivesicular bodies (MVBs): Intercellular shuttles and implications in human diseases. Genes Dis 2022. [PMID: 37492712 PMCID: PMC10363595 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes carry and transmit signaling molecules used for intercellular communication. The generation and secretion of exosomes is a multistep interlocking process that allows simultaneous control of multiple regulatory sites. Protein molecules, mainly RAB GTPases, cytoskeletal proteins and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion attachment protein receptor (SNARE), are specifically regulated in response to pathological conditions such as altered cellular microenvironment, stimulation by pathogenic factors, or gene mutation. This interferes with the smooth functioning of endocytosis, translocation, degradation, docking and fusion processes, leading to changes in the secretion of exosomes. Large numbers of secreted exosomes are disseminated by the flow of body fluids and absorbed by the recipient cells. By transmitting characteristic functional proteins and genetic information produced under disease conditions, exosomes can change the physiological state of the recipient cells and their microenvironment. The microenvironment, in turn, affects the occurrence and development of disease. Therefore, this review will discuss the mechanism by which exosome secretion is regulated in cells following the formation of mature secretory multivesicular bodies (MVBs). The overall aim is to find ways to eliminate disease-derived exosomes at their source, thereby providing an important new basis for the clinical treatment of disease.
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11
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Seiler DK, Hay JC. Genetically encoded fluorescent tools: Shining a little light on ER-to-Golgi transport. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 183:14-24. [PMID: 35272000 PMCID: PMC9097910 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the first fluorescent proteins (FPs) were identified and isolated over fifty years ago, FPs have become commonplace yet indispensable tools for studying the constitutive secretory pathway in live cells. At the same time, genetically encoded chemical tags have provided a new use for much older fluorescent dyes. Innovation has also produced several specialized methods to allow synchronous release of cargo proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), enabling precise characterization of sequential trafficking steps in the secretory pathway. Without the constant innovation of the researchers who design these tools to control, image, and quantitate protein secretion, major discoveries about ER-to-Golgi transport and later stages of the constitutive secretory pathway would not have been possible. We review many of the tools and tricks, some 25 years old and others brand new, that have been successfully implemented to study ER-to-Golgi transport in intact and living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danette Kowal Seiler
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Structural & Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Jesse C Hay
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Structural & Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA.
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12
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Donkervoort S, Krause N, Dergai M, Yun P, Koliwer J, Gorokhova S, Geist Hauserman J, Cummings BB, Hu Y, Smith R, Uapinyoying P, Ganesh VS, Ghosh PS, Monaghan KG, Edassery SL, Ferle PE, Silverstein S, Chao KR, Snyder M, Ellingwood S, Bharucha‐Goebel D, Iannaccone ST, Dal Peraro M, Foley AR, Savas JN, Bolduc V, Fasshauer D, Bönnemann CG, Schwake M. BET1 variants establish impaired vesicular transport as a cause for muscular dystrophy with epilepsy. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13787. [PMID: 34779586 PMCID: PMC8649873 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BET1 is required, together with its SNARE complex partners GOSR2, SEC22b, and Syntaxin-5 for fusion of endoplasmic reticulum-derived vesicles with the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and the cis-Golgi. Here, we report three individuals, from two families, with severe congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) and biallelic variants in BET1 (P1 p.(Asp68His)/p.(Ala45Valfs*2); P2 and P3 homozygous p.(Ile51Ser)). Due to aberrant splicing and frameshifting, the variants in P1 result in low BET1 protein levels and impaired ER-to-Golgi transport. Since in silico modeling suggested that p.(Ile51Ser) interferes with binding to interaction partners other than SNARE complex subunits, we set off and identified novel BET1 interaction partners with low affinity for p.(Ile51Ser) BET1 protein compared to wild-type, among them ERGIC-53. The BET1/ERGIC-53 interaction was validated by endogenous co-immunoprecipitation with both proteins colocalizing to the ERGIC compartment. Mislocalization of ERGIC-53 was observed in P1 and P2's derived fibroblasts; while in the p.(Ile51Ser) P2 fibroblasts specifically, mutant BET1 was also mislocalized along with ERGIC-53. Thus, we establish BET1 as a novel CMD/epilepsy gene and confirm the emerging role of ER/Golgi SNAREs in CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Donkervoort
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Niklas Krause
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
| | - Mykola Dergai
- Department of Fundamental NeurosciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Pomi Yun
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Judith Koliwer
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
| | - Svetlana Gorokhova
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
- Service de Génétique MédicaleHôpital de la Timone, APHMMarseilleFrance
- INSERM, U1251‐MMGAix‐Marseille UniversitéMarseilleFrance
| | - Janelle Geist Hauserman
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Beryl B Cummings
- Center for Mendelian GenomicsProgram in Medical and Population GeneticsBroad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Ying Hu
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | | | - Prech Uapinyoying
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
- Research for Genetic MedicineChildren's National Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Vijay S Ganesh
- Center for Mendelian GenomicsProgram in Medical and Population GeneticsBroad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of NeurologyBrigham & Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Partha S Ghosh
- Department of NeurologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Seby L Edassery
- Department of NeurologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Pia E Ferle
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
| | - Sarah Silverstein
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
- Rutgers New Jersey School of MedicineNewarkNJUSA
- Undiagnosed Diseases ProgramNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institute of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Katherine R Chao
- Center for Mendelian GenomicsProgram in Medical and Population GeneticsBroad Institute of MIT and HarvardCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Molly Snyder
- Department of NeurologyChildren's HealthDallasTXUSA
| | | | - Diana Bharucha‐Goebel
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
- Division of NeurologyChildren’s National Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Susan T Iannaccone
- Division of Pediatric NeurologyDepartments of Pediatrics, Neurology and NeurotherapeuticsUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Institute of BioengineeringSchool of Life SciencesÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Jeffrey N Savas
- Department of NeurologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Véronique Bolduc
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Dirk Fasshauer
- Department of Fundamental NeurosciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Michael Schwake
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
- Department of NeurologyFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
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13
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Sargeant J, Seiler DK, Costain T, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Gordon DE, Peden AA, Malli R, Graier WF, Hay JC. ALG-2 and peflin regulate COPII targeting and secretion in response to calcium signaling. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101393. [PMID: 34762908 PMCID: PMC8671942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ER-to-Golgi transport is the first step in the constitutive secretory pathway, which, unlike regulated secretion, is believed to proceed nonstop independent of Ca2+ flux. However, here we demonstrate that penta-EF hand (PEF) proteins ALG-2 and peflin constitute a hetero-bifunctional COPII regulator that responds to Ca2+ signaling by adopting one of several distinct activity states. Functionally, these states can adjust the rate of ER export of COPII-sorted cargos up or down by ∼50%. We found that at steady-state Ca2+, ALG-2/peflin hetero-complexes bind to ER exit sites (ERES) through the ALG-2 subunit to confer a low, buffered secretion rate, while peflin-lacking ALG-2 complexes markedly stimulate secretion. Upon Ca2+ signaling, ALG-2 complexes lacking peflin can either increase or decrease the secretion rate depending on signaling intensity and duration-phenomena that could contribute to cellular growth and intercellular communication following secretory increases or protection from excitotoxicity and infection following decreases. In epithelial normal rat kidney (NRK) cells, the Ca2+-mobilizing agonist ATP causes ALG-2 to depress ER export, while in neuroendocrine PC12 cells, Ca2+ mobilization by ATP results in ALG-2-dependent enhancement of secretion. Furthermore, distinct Ca2+ signaling patterns in NRK cells produce opposing ALG-2-dependent effects on secretion. Mechanistically, ALG-2-dependent depression of secretion involves decreased levels of the COPII outer shell and increased peflin targeting to ERES, while ALG-2-dependent enhancement of secretion involves increased COPII outer shell and decreased peflin at ERES. These data provide insights into how PEF protein dynamics affect secretion of important physiological cargoes such as collagen I and significantly impact ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Sargeant
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Danette Kowal Seiler
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Tucker Costain
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | | | - David E Gordon
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrew A Peden
- Department of Biomedical Science and Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Roland Malli
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jesse C Hay
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA.
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14
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Borghesan E, Smith EP, Myeni S, Binder K, Knodler LA, Celli J. A Brucella effector modulates the Arf6-Rab8a GTPase cascade to promote intravacuolar replication. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107664. [PMID: 34423453 PMCID: PMC8488576 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021107664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of host cellular membrane transport pathways is a common pathogenic trait of many intracellular microbes that is essential to their intravacuolar life cycle and proliferation. The bacterium Brucella abortus generates a host endoplasmic reticulum‐derived vacuole (rBCV) that supports its intracellular growth, via VirB Type IV secretion system‐mediated delivery of effector proteins, whose functions and mode of action are mostly unknown. Here, we show that the effector BspF specifically promotes Brucella replication within rBCVs by interfering with vesicular transport between the trans‐Golgi network (TGN) and recycling endocytic compartment. BspF targeted the recycling endosome, inhibited retrograde traffic to the TGN, and interacted with the Arf6 GTPase‐activating Protein (GAP) ACAP1 to dysregulate Arf6‐/Rab8a‐dependent transport within the recycling endosome, which resulted in accretion of TGN‐associated vesicles by rBCVs and enhanced bacterial growth. Altogether, these findings provide mechanistic insight into bacterial modulation of membrane transport used to promote their own proliferation within intracellular vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Borghesan
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Erin P Smith
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Sebenzile Myeni
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Kelsey Binder
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Leigh A Knodler
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Jean Celli
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.,Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
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15
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Bakr M, Jullié D, Krapivkina J, Paget-Blanc V, Bouit L, Petersen JD, Retailleau N, Breillat C, Herzog E, Choquet D, Perrais D. The vSNAREs VAMP2 and VAMP4 control recycling and intracellular sorting of post-synaptic receptors in neuronal dendrites. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109678. [PMID: 34496238 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal recycling system dynamically tunes synaptic strength, which underlies synaptic plasticity. Exocytosis is involved in the expression of long-term potentiation (LTP), as postsynaptic cleavage of the SNARE (soluble NSF-attachment protein receptor) protein VAMP2 by tetanus toxin blocks LTP. Moreover, induction of LTP increases the exocytosis of transferrin receptors (TfRs) and markers of recycling endosomes (REs), as well as post-synaptic AMPA type receptors (AMPARs). However, the interplay between AMPAR and TfR exocytosis remains unclear. Here, we identify VAMP4 as the vesicular SNARE that mediates most dendritic RE exocytosis. In contrast, VAMP2 plays a minor role in RE exocytosis. LTP induction increases the exocytosis of both VAMP2- and VAMP4-labeled organelles. Knock down (KD) of VAMP4 decreases TfR recycling but increases AMPAR recycling. Moreover, VAMP4 KD increases AMPAR-mediated synaptic transmission, which consequently occludes LTP expression. The opposing changes in AMPAR and TfR recycling upon VAMP4 KD reveal their sorting into separate endosomal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Bakr
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Damien Jullié
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Julia Krapivkina
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Paget-Blanc
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Lou Bouit
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jennifer D Petersen
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Natacha Retailleau
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Christelle Breillat
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Etienne Herzog
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniel Choquet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UMS 3420, US 4, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - David Perrais
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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16
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A conformational switch driven by phosphorylation regulates the activity of the evolutionarily conserved SNARE Ykt6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2016730118. [PMID: 33723042 PMCID: PMC8000380 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016730118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ykt6 is a conserved SNARE that plays critical roles along multiple vesicular pathways. To achieve its function, Ykt6 cycles between the cytosol and membrane-bound compartments through reversible lipidation. The mechanism that regulates these transitions is unknown. Ykt6 function is disrupted by α-synuclein, a protein critically implicated in synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s Disease. Through a multidisciplinary approach, we report that phosphorylation regulated by Ca2+ signaling drives a conformational change that allows Ykt6 to switch from a closed cytosolic to an open membrane-bound form. Phosphorylation is also a critical determinant for Ykt6 protein interactions with functional consequences in the secretory and autophagy pathways under normal and α-synuclein conditions. This work provides a mechanistic insight into Ykt6 regulation with therapeutic implications for synucleinopathies. Ykt6 is a soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor activating protein receptor (SNARE) critically involved in diverse vesicular fusion pathways. While most SNAREs rely on transmembrane domains for their activity, Ykt6 dynamically cycles between the cytosol and membrane-bound compartments where it is active. The mechanism that regulates these transitions and allows Ykt6 to achieve specificity toward vesicular pathways is unknown. Using a Parkinson’s disease (PD) model, we found that Ykt6 is phosphorylated at an evolutionarily conserved site which is regulated by Ca2+ signaling. Through a multidisciplinary approach, we show that phosphorylation triggers a conformational change that allows Ykt6 to switch from a closed cytosolic to an open membrane-bound form. In the phosphorylated open form, the spectrum of protein interactions changes, leading to defects in both the secretory and autophagy pathways, enhancing toxicity in PD models. Our studies reveal a mechanism by which Ykt6 conformation and activity are regulated with potential implications for PD.
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17
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The Small Molecule H89 Inhibits Chlamydia Inclusion Growth and Production of Infectious Progeny. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0072920. [PMID: 33820812 PMCID: PMC8373235 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00729-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia is an obligate intracellular bacterium and the most common reportable cause of human infection in the United States. This pathogen proliferates inside a eukaryotic host cell, where it resides within a membrane-bound compartment called the chlamydial inclusion. It has an unusual developmental cycle, marked by conversion between a replicating form, the reticulate body (RB), and an infectious form, the elementary body (EB). We found that the small molecule H89 slowed inclusion growth and decreased overall RB replication by 2-fold but caused a 25-fold reduction in infectious EBs. This disproportionate effect on EB production was mainly due to a defect in RB-to-EB conversion and not to the induction of chlamydial persistence, which is an altered growth state. Although H89 is a known inhibitor of specific protein kinases and vesicular transport to and from the Golgi apparatus, it did not cause these anti-chlamydial effects by blocking protein kinase A or C or by inhibiting protein or lipid transport. Thus, H89 is a novel anti-chlamydial compound that has a unique combination of effects on an intracellular Chlamydia infection.
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18
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Davis LJ, Bright NA, Edgar JR, Parkinson MDJ, Wartosch L, Mantell J, Peden AA, Luzio JP. Organelle tethering, pore formation and SNARE compensation in the late endocytic pathway. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:268392. [PMID: 34042162 PMCID: PMC8186482 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To provide insights into the kiss-and-run and full fusion events resulting in endocytic delivery to lysosomes, we investigated conditions causing increased tethering and pore formation between late endocytic organelles in HeLa cells. Knockout of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) VAMP7 and VAMP8 showed, by electron microscopy, the accumulation of tethered lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-carrier vesicles around multivesicular bodies, as well as the appearance of ‘hourglass’ profiles of late endocytic organelles attached by filamentous tethers, but did not prevent endocytic delivery to lysosomal hydrolases. Subsequent depletion of the SNARE YKT6 reduced this delivery, consistent with it compensating for the absence of VAMP7 and VAMP8. We also investigated filamentous tethering between multivesicular bodies and enlarged endolysosomes following depletion of charged multi-vesicular body protein 6 (CHMP6), and provide the first evidence that pore formation commences at the edge of tether arrays, with pore expansion required for full membrane fusion. Summary: Endocytic delivery to lysosomes by kiss and run/membrane fusion entails pore formation commencing at the edge of tether arrays, and demonstrates SNARE redundancy and compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luther J Davis
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Nicholas A Bright
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - James R Edgar
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Michael D J Parkinson
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Lena Wartosch
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Judith Mantell
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS81TD, UK.,Wolfson Bioimaging Facility, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS81TD, UK
| | - Andrew A Peden
- Department of Biomedical Science & Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics (CMIAD), The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - J Paul Luzio
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR) and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
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19
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Pérez-Rodriguez S, Wulff T, Voldborg BG, Altamirano C, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Compartmentalized Proteomic Profiling Outlines the Crucial Role of the Classical Secretory Pathway during Recombinant Protein Production in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12439-12458. [PMID: 34056395 PMCID: PMC8154153 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Different cellular processes that contribute to protein production in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells have been previously investigated by proteomics. However, although the classical secretory pathway (CSP) has been well documented as a bottleneck during recombinant protein (RP) production, it has not been well represented in previous proteomic studies. Hence, the significance of this pathway for production of RP was assessed by identifying its own proteins that were associated to changes in RP production, through subcellular fractionation coupled to shot-gun proteomics. Two CHO cell lines producing a monoclonal antibody with different specific productivities were used as cellular models, from which 4952 protein groups were identified, which represent a coverage of 59% of the Chinese hamster proteome. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD021014. By using SAM and ROTS algorithms, 493 proteins were classified as differentially expressed, of which about 80% was proposed as novel targets and one-third were assigned to the CSP. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unfolded protein response, calcium homeostasis, vesicle traffic, glycosylation, autophagy, proteasomal activity, protein synthesis and translocation into ER lumen, and secretion of extracellular matrix components were some of the affected processes that occurred in the secretory pathway. Processes from other cellular compartments, such as DNA replication, transcription, cytoskeleton organization, signaling, and metabolism, were also modified. This study gives new insights into the molecular traits of higher producer cells and provides novel targets for development of new sub-lines with improved phenotypes for RP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumel Pérez-Rodriguez
- Programa
de Investigación de Producción de Biomoléculas,
Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología,
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510 Ciudad de
México, México
| | - Tune Wulff
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Bjørn G. Voldborg
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- Laboratorio
de Cultivos Celulares, Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085 Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Mauricio A. Trujillo-Roldán
- Programa
de Investigación de Producción de Biomoléculas,
Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología,
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510 Ciudad de
México, México
| | - Norma A. Valdez-Cruz
- Programa
de Investigación de Producción de Biomoléculas,
Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología,
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510 Ciudad de
México, México
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20
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Quantitative Flow Cytometry-Based Assays for Measuring Constitutive Secretion. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 33222131 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1044-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Constitutive secretion is predominantly measured by collecting the media from cells and performing plate-based assays. This approach is particularly sensitive to changes in cell number, and a significant amount of effort has to be spent to overcome this. We have developed a panel of quantitative flow cytometry-based assays and reporter cell lines that can be used to measure constitutive secretion. These assays are insensitive to changes in cell number making them very robust and well suited to functional genomic and chemical screens. Here, we outline the key steps involved in generating and using these assays for studying constitutive secretion.
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21
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Linnemannstöns K, Witte L, Karuna M P, Kittel JC, Danieli A, Müller D, Nitsch L, Honemann-Capito M, Grawe F, Wodarz A, Gross JC. Ykt6-dependent endosomal recycling is required for Wnt secretion in the Drosophila wing epithelium. Development 2020; 147:dev.185421. [PMID: 32611603 PMCID: PMC7438013 DOI: 10.1242/dev.185421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Morphogens are important signalling molecules for tissue development and their secretion requires tight regulation. In the wing imaginal disc of flies, the morphogen Wnt/Wingless is apically presented by the secreting cell and re-internalized before final long-range secretion. Why Wnt molecules undergo these trafficking steps and the nature of the regulatory control within the endosomal compartment remain unclear. Here, we have investigated how Wnts are sorted at the level of endosomes by the versatile v-SNARE Ykt6. Using in vivo genetics, proximity-dependent proteomics and in vitro biochemical analyses, we show that most Ykt6 is present in the cytosol, but can be recruited to de-acidified compartments and recycle Wnts to the plasma membrane via Rab4-positive recycling endosomes. Thus, we propose a molecular mechanism by which producing cells integrate and leverage endocytosis and recycling via Ykt6 to coordinate extracellular Wnt levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Linnemannstöns
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Leonie Witte
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Pradhipa Karuna M
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Jeanette Clarissa Kittel
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Adi Danieli
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Denise Müller
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lena Nitsch
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Mona Honemann-Capito
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany.,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Grawe
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute I for Anatomy, University of Cologne Medical School, Cologne 50931, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne 50931, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Wodarz
- Molecular Cell Biology, Institute I for Anatomy, University of Cologne Medical School, Cologne 50931, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence-Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne 50931, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Christina Gross
- Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37075, Germany .,Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany
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22
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Longman D, Jackson-Jones KA, Maslon MM, Murphy LC, Young RS, Stoddart JJ, Hug N, Taylor MS, Papadopoulos DK, Cáceres JF. Identification of a localized nonsense-mediated decay pathway at the endoplasmic reticulum. Genes Dev 2020; 34:1075-1088. [PMID: 32616520 PMCID: PMC7397857 DOI: 10.1101/gad.338061.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) is a translation-dependent RNA quality control mechanism that occurs in the cytoplasm. However, it is unknown how NMD regulates the stability of RNAs translated at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we identify a localized NMD pathway dedicated to ER-translated mRNAs. We previously identified NBAS, a component of the Syntaxin 18 complex involved in Golgi-to-ER trafficking, as a novel NMD factor. Furthermore, we show that NBAS fulfills an independent function in NMD. This ER-NMD pathway requires the interaction of NBAS with the core NMD factor UPF1, which is partially localized at the ER in the proximity of the translocon. NBAS and UPF1 coregulate the stability of ER-associated transcripts, in particular those associated with the cellular stress response. We propose a model where NBAS recruits UPF1 to the membrane of the ER and activates an ER-dedicated NMD pathway, thus providing an ER-protective function by ensuring quality control of ER-translated mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasa Longman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn A Jackson-Jones
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena M Maslon
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Laura C Murphy
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Robert S Young
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Jack J Stoddart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Nele Hug
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Martin S Taylor
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios K Papadopoulos
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Javier F Cáceres
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
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23
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Sun C, Wang P, Dong W, Liu H, Sun J, Zhao L. LncRNA PVT1 promotes exosome secretion through YKT6, RAB7, and VAMP3 in pancreatic cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10427-10440. [PMID: 32499447 PMCID: PMC7346024 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Cancer cells secrete excessive numbers of exosomes that play essential roles in tumorigenesis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential non-coding RNAs for cancer progression. However, the role of lncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in exosome secretion of PC remains to be comprehensively investigated. Thus, nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy were performed to determine exosome secretion. Confocal microscopy, western blots, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays, and rescue experiments were applied to investigate the mechanism underlying the role of PVT1 in exosome secretion. The results showed that PVT1 was upregulated in PC cells, along with increased levels of YKT6 v-SNARE homolog (YKT6), ras-related protein Rab-7 (RAB7), and vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 (VAMP3). Also, PVT1 promoted the transportation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) towards the plasma membrane. In addition, PVT1 promoted the docking of MVBs by altering RAB7 expression and localization. Moreover, PVT1 promoted the fusion of MVBs with the plasma membrane through regulating YKT6 and VAMP3 colocalization and the palmitoylation of YKT6. Taken together, the results suggest that PVT1 promoted exosome secretion of PC cells and thus, can expand the understanding of PVT1 in tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haishi Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianmin Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
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Stalder D, Gershlick DC. Direct trafficking pathways from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 107:112-125. [PMID: 32317144 PMCID: PMC7152905 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, protein sorting is a highly regulated mechanism important for many physiological events. After synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum and trafficking to the Golgi apparatus, proteins sort to many different cellular destinations including the endolysosomal system and the extracellular space. Secreted proteins need to be delivered directly to the cell surface. Sorting of secreted proteins from the Golgi apparatus has been a topic of interest for over thirty years, yet there is still no clear understanding of the machinery that forms the post-Golgi carriers. Most evidence points to these post-Golgi carriers being tubular pleomorphic structures that bud from the trans-face of the Golgi. In this review, we present the background studies and highlight the key components of this pathway, we then discuss the machinery implicated in the formation of these carriers, their translocation across the cytosol, and their fusion at the plasma membrane.
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Key Words
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- BFA, Brefeldin A
- CARTS, CARriers of the TGN to the cell Surface
- CI-MPR, cation-independent mannose-6 phosphate receptor
- Constitutive Secretion
- CtBP3/BARS, C-terminus binding protein 3/BFA adenosine diphosphate–ribosylated substrate
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- GPI-anchored proteins, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins
- GlcCer, glucosylceramidetol
- Golgi to plasma membrane sorting
- PAUF, pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor
- PKD, Protein Kinase D
- RUSH, retention using selective hooks
- SBP, streptavidin-binding peptide
- SM, sphingomyelin
- SNARE, soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor
- SPCA1, secretory pathway calcium ATPase 1
- Secretion
- TGN, trans-Golgi Network
- TIRF, total internal reflection fluorescence
- VSV, vesicular stomatitis virus
- pleomorphic tubular carriers
- post-Golgi carriers
- ts, temperature sensitive
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Affiliation(s)
- Danièle Stalder
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David C Gershlick
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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25
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Larocque G, La-Borde PJ, Clarke NI, Carter NJ, Royle SJ. Tumor protein D54 defines a new class of intracellular transport vesicles. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201812044. [PMID: 31672706 PMCID: PMC7039206 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201812044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport of proteins and lipids from one membrane compartment to another is via intracellular vesicles. We investigated the function of tumor protein D54 (TPD54/TPD52L2) and found that TPD54 was involved in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: anterograde traffic, recycling, and Golgi integrity. To understand how TPD54 controls these diverse functions, we used an inducible method to reroute TPD54 to mitochondria. Surprisingly, this manipulation resulted in the capture of many small vesicles (30 nm diameter) at the mitochondrial surface. Super-resolution imaging confirmed the presence of similarly sized TPD54-positive structures under normal conditions. It appears that TPD54 defines a new class of transport vesicle, which we term intracellular nanovesicles (INVs). INVs meet three criteria for functionality. They contain specific cargo, they have certain R-SNAREs for fusion, and they are endowed with a variety of Rab GTPases (16 out of 43 tested). The molecular heterogeneity of INVs and the diverse functions of TPD54 suggest that INVs have various membrane origins and a number of destinations. We propose that INVs are a generic class of transport vesicle that transfer cargo between these varied locations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stephen J. Royle
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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26
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Subramanian A, Capalbo A, Iyengar NR, Rizzo R, di Campli A, Di Martino R, Lo Monte M, Beccari AR, Yerudkar A, Del Vecchio C, Glielmo L, Turacchio G, Pirozzi M, Kim SG, Henklein P, Cancino J, Parashuraman S, Diviani D, Fanelli F, Sallese M, Luini A. Auto-regulation of Secretory Flux by Sensing and Responding to the Folded Cargo Protein Load in the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Cell 2020; 176:1461-1476.e23. [PMID: 30849374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the optimal performance of cell processes and organelles is the task of auto-regulatory systems. Here we describe an auto-regulatory device that helps to maintain homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by adjusting the secretory flux to the cargo load. The cargo-recruiting subunit of the coatomer protein II (COPII) coat, Sec24, doubles as a sensor of folded cargo and, upon cargo binding, acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor to activate the signaling protein Gα12 at the ER exit sites (ERESs). This step, in turn, activates a complex signaling network that activates and coordinates the ER export machinery and attenuates proteins synthesis, thus preventing large fluctuations of folded and potentially active cargo that could be harmful to the cell or the organism. We call this mechanism AREX (autoregulation of ER export) and expect that its identification will aid our understanding of human physiology and diseases that develop from secretory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advait Subramanian
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy.
| | - Anita Capalbo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Namrata Ravi Iyengar
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella di Campli
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rosaria Di Martino
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Matteo Lo Monte
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea R Beccari
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy; Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Milan, Italy
| | - Amol Yerudkar
- Department of Engineering, Universitá degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Carmen Del Vecchio
- Department of Engineering, Universitá degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Luigi Glielmo
- Department of Engineering, Universitá degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Marinella Pirozzi
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Sang Geon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Petra Henklein
- Institut fur Biochemie, Charite Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge Cancino
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Santiago 7510157, Chile
| | | | - Dario Diviani
- Université de Lausanne, Département de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Fanelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Sallese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy.
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27
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Cuddy LK, Wani WY, Morella ML, Pitcairn C, Tsutsumi K, Fredriksen K, Justman CJ, Grammatopoulos TN, Belur NR, Zunke F, Subramanian A, Affaneh A, Lansbury PT, Mazzulli JR. Stress-Induced Cellular Clearance Is Mediated by the SNARE Protein ykt6 and Disrupted by α-Synuclein. Neuron 2019; 104:869-884.e11. [PMID: 31648898 PMCID: PMC6895429 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Age-related neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by a slow, persistent accumulation of aggregated proteins. Although cells can elicit physiological responses to enhance cellular clearance and counteract accumulation, it is unclear how pathogenic proteins evade this process in disease. We find that Parkinson's disease α-synuclein perturbs the physiological response to lysosomal stress by impeding the SNARE protein ykt6. Cytosolic ykt6 is normally autoinhibited by a unique farnesyl-mediated regulatory mechanism; however, during lysosomal stress, it activates and redistributes into membranes to preferentially promote hydrolase trafficking and enhance cellular clearance. α-Synuclein aberrantly binds and deactivates ykt6 in patient-derived neurons, thereby disabling the lysosomal stress response and facilitating protein accumulation. Activating ykt6 by small-molecule farnesyltransferase inhibitors restores lysosomal activity and reduces α-synuclein in patient-derived neurons and mice. Our findings indicate that α-synuclein creates a permissive environment for aggregate persistence by inhibiting regulated cellular clearance and provide a therapeutic strategy to restore protein homeostasis by harnessing SNARE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah K Cuddy
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Willayat Y Wani
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Martino L Morella
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Caleb Pitcairn
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kotaro Tsutsumi
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kristina Fredriksen
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | | | - Nandkishore R Belur
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Friederike Zunke
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Aarthi Subramanian
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amira Affaneh
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peter T Lansbury
- Lysosomal Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joseph R Mazzulli
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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28
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Monteiro-Brás T, Wesolowski J, Paumet F. Depletion of SNAP-23 and Syntaxin 4 alters lipid droplet homeostasis during Chlamydia infection. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2019; 7:46-58. [PMID: 32025513 PMCID: PMC6993123 DOI: 10.15698/mic2020.02.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that replicates inside a parasitic vacuole called the inclusion. The nascent inclusion is derived from the host plasma membrane and serves as a platform from which Chlamydia controls interactions with the host microenvironment. To survive inside the host cell, Chlamydia scavenges for nutrients and lipids by recruiting and/or fusing with various cellular compartments. The mechanisms by which these events occur are poorly understood but require host proteins such as the SNARE proteins (SNAP (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein) Receptor). Here, we show that SNAP-23 and Syntaxin 4, two plasma membrane SNAREs, are recruited to the inclusion and play an important role in Chlamydia development. Knocking down SNAP-23 and Syntaxin 4 by CRISPR-Cas9 reduces the amount of infectious progeny. We then demonstrate that the loss of both of these SNARE proteins results in the dysregulation of Chlamydia-induced lipid droplets, indicating that both SNAP-23 and Syntaxin 4 play a critical role in lipid droplet homeostasis during Chlamydia infection. Ultimately, our data highlights the importance of lipid droplets and their regulation in Chlamydia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Monteiro-Brás
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jordan Wesolowski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
| | - Fabienne Paumet
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19107
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29
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The SNAP-25 Protein Family. Neuroscience 2019; 420:50-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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30
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Live cell imaging of signaling and metabolic activities. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 202:98-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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31
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KDEL receptor regulates secretion by lysosome relocation- and autophagy-dependent modulation of lipid-droplet turnover. Nat Commun 2019; 10:735. [PMID: 30760704 PMCID: PMC6374470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter-organelle signalling has essential roles in cell physiology encompassing cell metabolism, aging and temporal adaptation to external and internal perturbations. How such signalling coordinates different organelle functions within adaptive responses remains unknown. Membrane traffic is a fundamental process in which membrane fluxes need to be sensed for the adjustment of cellular requirements and homeostasis. Studying endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi trafficking, we found that Golgi-based, KDEL receptor-dependent signalling promotes lysosome repositioning to the perinuclear area, involving a complex process intertwined to autophagy, lipid-droplet turnover and Golgi-mediated secretion that engages the microtubule motor protein dynein-LRB1 and the autophagy cargo receptor p62/SQSTM1. This process, here named ‘traffic-induced degradation response for secretion’ (TIDeRS) discloses a cellular mechanism by which nutrient and membrane sensing machineries cooperate to sustain Golgi-dependent protein secretion. Inter-organelle signaling coordinates adaptive responses via currently unknown mechanisms. Here, Tapia et al. show that KDEL signaling repositions lysosomes in a complex process termed ‘traffic-induced degradation response for secretion’ (TIDeRS) that connects multiple pathways and Golgi secretion.
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32
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Song K, Gras C, Capin G, Gimber N, Lehmann M, Mohd S, Puchkov D, Rödiger M, Wilhelmi I, Daumke O, Schmoranzer J, Schürmann A, Krauss M. A SEPT1-based scaffold is required for Golgi integrity and function. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/3/jcs225557. [PMID: 30709970 PMCID: PMC6382012 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.225557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmentalization of membrane transport and signaling processes is of pivotal importance to eukaryotic cell function. While plasma membrane compartmentalization and dynamics are well known to depend on the scaffolding function of septin GTPases, the roles of septins at intracellular membranes have remained largely elusive. Here, we show that the structural and functional integrity of the Golgi depends on its association with a septin 1 (SEPT1)-based scaffold, which promotes local microtubule nucleation and positioning of the Golgi. SEPT1 function depends on the Golgi matrix protein GM130 (also known as GOLGA2) and on centrosomal proteins, including CEP170 and components of γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-Turc), to facilitate the perinuclear concentration of Golgi membranes. Accordingly, SEPT1 depletion triggers a massive fragmentation of the Golgi ribbon, thereby compromising anterograde membrane traffic at the level of the Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungyeun Song
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Gras
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabrielle Capin
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niclas Gimber
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility - AMBIO, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Cellular Imaging Facility, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Saif Mohd
- Max-Delmbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Cellular Imaging Facility, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Rödiger
- Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam Rehbrücke, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Ilka Wilhelmi
- Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam Rehbrücke, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max-Delmbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Schmoranzer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility - AMBIO, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam Rehbrücke, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Michael Krauss
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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33
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Dingjan I, Linders PTA, Verboogen DRJ, Revelo NH, Ter Beest M, van den Bogaart G. Endosomal and Phagosomal SNAREs. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1465-1492. [PMID: 29790818 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00037.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein family is of vital importance for organelle communication. The complexing of cognate SNARE members present in both the donor and target organellar membranes drives the membrane fusion required for intracellular transport. In the endocytic route, SNARE proteins mediate trafficking between endosomes and phagosomes with other endosomes, lysosomes, the Golgi apparatus, the plasma membrane, and the endoplasmic reticulum. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the SNAREs involved in endosomal and phagosomal trafficking. Of the 38 SNAREs present in humans, 30 have been identified at endosomes and/or phagosomes. Many of these SNAREs are targeted by viruses and intracellular pathogens, which thereby reroute intracellular transport for gaining access to nutrients, preventing their degradation, and avoiding their detection by the immune system. A fascinating picture is emerging of a complex transport network with multiple SNAREs being involved in consecutive trafficking routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Dingjan
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands ; and Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Peter T A Linders
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands ; and Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Danielle R J Verboogen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands ; and Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Natalia H Revelo
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands ; and Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Martin Ter Beest
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands ; and Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands ; and Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
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34
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Ampah KK, Greaves J, Shun-Shion AS, Asnawi AW, Lidster JA, Chamberlain LH, Collins MO, Peden AA. S-acylation regulates the trafficking and stability of the unconventional Q-SNARE STX19. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.212498. [PMID: 30254024 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.212498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
STX19 is an unusual Qa-SNARE as it lacks a C-terminal transmembrane domain. However, it is efficiently targeted to post-Golgi membranes. Here, we set out to determine the intracellular localisation of endogenous STX19 and elucidate the mechanism by which it is targeted to membranes. We have found that a pool of STX19 is localised to tubular recycling endosomes where it colocalises with MICAL-L1 and Rab8 (which has Rab8a and Rab8b forms). Using a combination of genetic, biochemical and cell-based approaches, we have identified that STX19 is S-acylated at its C-terminus and is a substrate for several Golgi-localised S-acyltransferases, suggesting that STX19 is initially S-acylated at the Golgi before trafficking to the plasma membrane and endosomes. Surprisingly, we have found that S-acylation is a key determinant in targeting STX19 to tubular recycling endosomes, suggesting that S-acylation may play a general role in directing proteins to this compartment. In addition, S-acylation also protects STX19 from proteosomal degradation, indicating that S-acylation regulates the function of STX19 at multiple levels.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khamal K Ampah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jennifer Greaves
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Science and Health Building, 20 Whitefriars Street, Coventry CV1 2DS, UK
| | - Amber S Shun-Shion
- Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Asral W Asnawi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Sains Islam Malaysia, 55700 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jessica A Lidster
- Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Luke H Chamberlain
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Mark O Collins
- Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.,Faculty of Science, Mass Spectrometry Centre, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill Road, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
| | - Andrew A Peden
- Department of Biomedical Science, Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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Naydenov NG, Joshi S, Feygin A, Saini S, Litovchick L, Ivanov AI. A membrane fusion protein, Ykt6, regulates epithelial cell migration via microRNA-mediated suppression of Junctional Adhesion Molecule A. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1812-1831. [PMID: 30010460 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1496755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicle trafficking regulates epithelial cell migration by remodeling matrix adhesions and delivering signaling molecules to the migrating leading edge. Membrane fusion, which is driven by soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor associated receptor (SNARE) proteins, is an essential step of vesicle trafficking. Mammalian SNAREs represent a large group of proteins, but few have been implicated in the regulation of cell migration. Ykt6 is a unique SNARE existing in equilibrium between active membrane-bound and inactive cytoplasmic pools, and mediating vesicle trafficking between different intracellular compartments. The biological functions of this protein remain poorly understood. In the present study, we found that Ykt6 acts as a negative regulator of migration and invasion of human prostate epithelial cells. Furthermore, Ykt6 regulates the integrity of epithelial adherens and tight junctions. The observed anti-migratory activity of Ykt6 is mediated by a unique mechanism involving the expressional upregulation of microRNA 145, which selectively decreases the cellular level of Junctional Adhesion Molecule (JAM) A. This decreased JAM-A expression limits the activity of Rap1 and Rac1 small GTPases, thereby attenuating cell spreading and motility. The described novel functions of Ykt6 could be essential for the regulation of epithelial barriers, epithelial repair, and metastatic dissemination of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayden G Naydenov
- a Department of Inflammation and Immunity , Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland , OH , USA.,b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Supriya Joshi
- b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Alex Feygin
- b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Siddharth Saini
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Larisa Litovchick
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Andrei I Ivanov
- a Department of Inflammation and Immunity , Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland , OH , USA.,b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
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Ruiz-Martinez M, Navarro A, Marrades RM, Viñolas N, Santasusagna S, Muñoz C, Ramírez J, Molins L, Monzo M. YKT6 expression, exosome release, and survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51515-51524. [PMID: 27285987 PMCID: PMC5239493 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-derived exosomes are involved in metastasis. YKT6 is a SNARE protein that participates in the regulation of exosome production and release, but its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultracentrifugation-purified exosomes from the A549 cell line were studied by CRYO-TEM, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blot (TSG101 marker). YKT6 was inhibited using a DsiRNA and selected pre-microRNAs. MicroRNAs targeting YKT6 were validated by Renilla/Luciferase assay and western blot. YKT6 expression and its prognostic impact were analyzed in 98 tissue specimens from resected NSCLC patients. RESULTS Membranous nanosized vesicles (mode size: 128nm) with TSG101 protein were purified from A549 cells. YKT6 inhibition reduced exosome release by 80.9%. We validated miR-134 and miR-135b as miRNAs targeting YKT6, and transfection with the pre-miRNAs also produced a significant reduction in exosome release. The analysis of YKT6 in tumor samples showed that patients with high levels had shorter disease-free and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS YKT6 is a key molecule in the regulation of exosome release in lung cancer cells and is in turn precisely regulated by miR-134 and miR-135b. Moreover, YKT6 levels impact prognosis of resected NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ruiz-Martinez
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfons Navarro
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón M Marrades
- Department of Pneumology, Institut Clínic del Tórax (ICT), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Viñolas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Clinic Malalties Hemato-Oncològiques (ICMHO), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Santasusagna
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Ramírez
- Department of Pathology, Centro de Diagnóstico Biomédico (CDB), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laureano Molins
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institut Clínic del Tórax (ICT), Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano Monzo
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
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Rödiger M, Werno MW, Wilhelmi I, Baumeier C, Hesse D, Wettschureck N, Offermanns S, Song K, Krauß M, Schürmann A. Adiponectin release and insulin receptor targeting share trans-Golgi-dependent endosomal trafficking routes. Mol Metab 2018; 8:167-179. [PMID: 29203237 PMCID: PMC5985030 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracellular vesicle trafficking maintains cellular structures and functions. The assembly of cargo-laden vesicles at the trans-Golgi network is initiated by the ARF family of small GTPases. Here, we demonstrate the role of the trans-Golgi localized monomeric GTPase ARFRP1 in endosomal-mediated vesicle trafficking of mature adipocytes. METHODS Control (Arfrp1flox/flox) and inducible fat-specific Arfrp1 knockout (Arfrp1iAT-/-) mice were metabolically characterized. In vitro experiments on mature 3T3-L1 cells and primary mouse adipocytes were conducted to validate the impact of ARFRP1 on localization of adiponectin and the insulin receptor. Finally, secretion and transferrin-based uptake and recycling assays were performed with HeLa and HeLa M-C1 cells. RESULTS We identified the ARFRP1-based sorting machinery to be involved in vesicle trafficking relying on the endosomal compartment for cell surface delivery. Secretion of adiponectin from fat depots was selectively reduced in Arfrp1iAT-/- mice, and Arfrp1-depleted 3T3-L1 adipocytes revealed an accumulation of adiponectin in Rab11-positive endosomes. Plasma adiponectin deficiency of Arfrp1iAT-/- mice resulted in deteriorated hepatic insulin sensitivity, increased gluconeogenesis and elevated fasting blood glucose levels. Additionally, the insulin receptor, undergoing endocytic recycling after ligand binding, was less abundant at the plasma membrane of adipocytes lacking Arfrp1. This had detrimental effects on adipose insulin signaling, followed by insufficient suppression of basal lipolytic activity and impaired adipose tissue expansion. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that adiponectin secretion and insulin receptor surface targeting utilize the same post-Golgi trafficking pathways that are essential for an appropriate systemic insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rödiger
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Martin W Werno
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Ilka Wilhelmi
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Christian Baumeier
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Deike Hesse
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.
| | - Kyungyeun Song
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Krauß
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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38
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Völker JM, Dergai M, Abriata LA, Mingard Y, Ysselstein D, Krainc D, Dal Peraro M, Fischer von Mollard G, Fasshauer D, Koliwer J, Schwake M. Functional assays for the assessment of the pathogenicity of variants of GOSR2, an ER-to-Golgi SNARE involved in progressive myoclonus epilepsies. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:1391-1398. [PMID: 28982678 PMCID: PMC5769602 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.029132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive myoclonus epilepsies (PMEs) are inherited disorders characterized by myoclonus, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and ataxia. One of the genes that is associated with PME is the ER-to-Golgi Qb-SNARE GOSR2, which forms a SNARE complex with syntaxin-5, Bet1 and Sec22b. Most PME patients are homozygous for a p.Gly144Trp mutation and develop similar clinical presentations. Recently, a patient who was compound heterozygous for p.Gly144Trp and a previously unseen p.Lys164del mutation was identified. Because this patient presented with a milder disease phenotype, we hypothesized that the p.Lys164del mutation may be less severe compared to p.Gly144Trp. To characterize the effect of the p.Gly144Trp and p.Lys164del mutations, both of which are present in the SNARE motif of GOSR2, we examined the corresponding mutations in the yeast ortholog Bos1. Yeasts expressing the orthologous mutants in Bos1 showed impaired growth, suggesting a partial loss of function, which was more severe for the Bos1 p.Gly176Trp mutation. Using anisotropy and gel filtration, we report that Bos1 p.Gly176Trp and p.Arg196del are capable of complex formation, but with partly reduced activity. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that the hydrophobic core, which triggers SNARE complex formation, is compromised due to the glycine-to-tryptophan substitution in both GOSR2 and Bos1. In contrast, the deletion of residue p.Lys164 (or p.Arg196del in Bos1) interferes with the formation of hydrogen bonds between GOSR2 and syntaxin-5. Despite these perturbations, all SNARE complexes stayed intact during longer simulations. Thus, our data suggest that the milder course of disease in compound heterozygous PME is due to less severe impairment of the SNARE function. Summary: Mutations in the Qb-SNARE GOSR2 cause progressive myoclonus epilepsies. The authors report the effect of two mutations on SNARE function to investigate their correlation with progression and severity of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn M Völker
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mykola Dergai
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luciano A Abriata
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yves Mingard
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ysselstein
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, 60611 Chicago, USA
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, 60611 Chicago, USA
| | - Matteo Dal Peraro
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Dirk Fasshauer
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 9, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith Koliwer
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Schwake
- Biochemistry III/Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany .,Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, 60611 Chicago, USA
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Miller CN, Smith EP, Cundiff JA, Knodler LA, Bailey Blackburn J, Lupashin V, Celli J. A Brucella Type IV Effector Targets the COG Tethering Complex to Remodel Host Secretory Traffic and Promote Intracellular Replication. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 22:317-329.e7. [PMID: 28844886 PMCID: PMC5599354 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Many intracellular pathogens exploit host secretory trafficking to support their intracellular cycle, but knowledge of these pathogenic processes is limited. The bacterium Brucella abortus uses a type IV secretion system (VirB T4SS) to generate a replication-permissive Brucella-containing vacuole (rBCV) derived from the host ER, a process that requires host early secretory trafficking. Here we show that the VirB T4SS effector BspB contributes to rBCV biogenesis and Brucella replication by interacting with the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) tethering complex, a major coordinator of Golgi vesicular trafficking, thus remodeling Golgi membrane traffic and redirecting Golgi-derived vesicles to the BCV. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that Brucella modulates COG-dependent trafficking via delivery of a T4SS effector to promote rBCV biogenesis and intracellular proliferation, providing mechanistic insight into how bacterial exploitation of host secretory functions promotes pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl N Miller
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Erin P Smith
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jennifer A Cundiff
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Leigh A Knodler
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jessica Bailey Blackburn
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Vladimir Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jean Celli
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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40
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Solis GP, Bilousov O, Koval A, Lüchtenborg AM, Lin C, Katanaev VL. Golgi-Resident Gαo Promotes Protrusive Membrane Dynamics. Cell 2017; 170:939-955.e24. [PMID: 28803726 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
To form protrusions like neurites, cells must coordinate their induction and growth. The first requires cytoskeletal rearrangements at the plasma membrane (PM), the second requires directed material delivery from cell's insides. We find that the Gαo-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins localizes dually to PM and Golgi across phyla and cell types. The PM pool of Gαo induces, and the Golgi pool feeds, the growing protrusions by stimulated trafficking. Golgi-residing KDELR binds and activates monomeric Gαo, atypically for G protein-coupled receptors that normally act on heterotrimeric G proteins. Through multidimensional screenings identifying > 250 Gαo interactors, we pinpoint several basic cellular activities, including vesicular trafficking, as being regulated by Gαo. We further find small Golgi-residing GTPases Rab1 and Rab3 as direct effectors of Gαo. This KDELR → Gαo → Rab1/3 signaling axis is conserved from insects to mammals and controls material delivery from Golgi to PM in various cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo P Solis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Oleksii Bilousov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexey Koval
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Lüchtenborg
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir L Katanaev
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690950, Russian Federation.
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41
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Lamichhane R, Ussher JE. Expression and trafficking of MR1. Immunology 2017; 151:270-279. [PMID: 28419492 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MHC class I-related gene protein (MR1) is a non-polymorphic MHC class IB antigen-presenting molecule that is the restricting molecule for mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a prominent population of innate-like antibacterial T cells. The MAIT cell-MR1 axis represents a new paradigm in antigen presentation, with the MR1 ligand derived from vitamin B compounds or their metabolic precursors. Many bacteria and some fungi produce the activating ligand for MR1. In evolution, MR1 is highly conserved in most, but not all, mammals. In humans and rodents it is expressed in a broad range of cell types, both haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic, although cell surface expression has been difficult to detect. Although MR1 trafficking shares features with both the MHC class I and MHC class II pathways, it is distinct. Several strands of evidence suggest that the intracellular location where MR1 is loaded differs for soluble ligand and for ligand derived from intact bacteria. The regulation of MR1 surface expression may also vary between different cell types. This paper will review what is currently known about the expression and trafficking of MR1 and propose a model for the loading and trafficking of MR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Lamichhane
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - James E Ussher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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42
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Craig E, Huyghues-Despointes CE, Yu C, Handy EL, Sello JK, Kima PE. Structurally optimized analogs of the retrograde trafficking inhibitor Retro-2cycl limit Leishmania infections. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005556. [PMID: 28505157 PMCID: PMC5444862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In infected mammalian cells, Leishmania parasites reside within specialized compartments called parasitophorous vacuoles (LPVs). We have previously shown that Retro-2, a member of a novel class of small retrograde pathway inhibitors caused reduced LPV sizes and lower parasite numbers during experimental L. mexicana sp. infections. The purpose of this study was to determine if structural analogs of Retro-2cycl reported to have superior potency in the inhibition of retrograde pathway-dependent phenomena (i.e., polyomavirus cellular infection by polyomavrius and Shiga toxin trafficking in cells) are also more effective than the parent compound at controlling Leishmania infections. In addition to their effects on LPV development, we show that two optimized analogs of Retro-2cycl, DHQZ 36 and DHQZ 36.1 limit Leishmania amazonensis infection in macrophages at EC50 of 13.63+/-2.58μM and10.57+/-2.66μM, respectively, which is significantly lower than 40.15μM the EC50 of Retro-2cycl. In addition, these analogs caused a reversal in Leishmania induced suppression of IL-6 release by infected cells after LPS activation. Moreover, we show that in contrast to Retro-2cycl that is Leishmania static, the analogs can kill Leishmania parasites in axenic cultures, which is a desirable attribute for any drug to treat Leishmania infections. Together, these studies validate and extend the published structure-activity relationship analyses of Retro-2cycl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Craig
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Chun Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Emma L. Handy
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Jason K. Sello
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Peter E. Kima
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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43
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Arora S, Saarloos I, Kooistra R, van de Bospoort R, Verhage M, Toonen RF. SNAP-25 gene family members differentially support secretory vesicle fusion. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:1877-1889. [PMID: 28404788 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal dense-core vesicles (DCVs) transport and secrete neuropeptides necessary for development, plasticity and survival, but little is known about their fusion mechanism. We show that Snap-25-null mutant (SNAP-25 KO) neurons, previously shown to degenerate after 4 days in vitro (DIV), contain fewer DCVs and have reduced DCV fusion probability in surviving neurons at DIV14. At DIV3, before degeneration, SNAP-25 KO neurons show normal DCV fusion, but one day later fusion is significantly reduced. To test if other SNAP homologs support DCV fusion, we expressed SNAP-23, SNAP-29 or SNAP-47 in SNAP-25 KO neurons. SNAP-23 and SNAP-29 rescued viability and supported DCV fusion in SNAP-25 KO neurons, but SNAP-23 did so more efficiently. SNAP-23 also rescued synaptic vesicle (SV) fusion while SNAP-29 did not. SNAP-47 failed to rescue viability and did not support DCV or SV fusion. These data demonstrate a developmental switch, in hippocampal neurons between DIV3 and DIV4, where DCV fusion becomes SNAP-25 dependent. Furthermore, SNAP-25 homologs support DCV and SV fusion and neuronal viability to variable extents - SNAP-23 most effectively, SNAP-29 less so and SNAP-47 ineffectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Arora
- Department of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Saarloos
- Department of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Robbelien Kooistra
- Department of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Rhea van de Bospoort
- Department of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Verhage
- Department of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud F Toonen
- Department of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam and VU Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
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44
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Gordon DE, Chia J, Jayawardena K, Antrobus R, Bard F, Peden AA. VAMP3/Syb and YKT6 are required for the fusion of constitutive secretory carriers with the plasma membrane. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006698. [PMID: 28403141 PMCID: PMC5406017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular machinery required for the fusion of constitutive secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane in metazoans remains poorly defined. To address this problem we have developed a powerful, quantitative assay for measuring secretion and used it in combination with combinatorial gene depletion studies in Drosophila cells. This has allowed us to identify at least three SNARE complexes mediating Golgi to PM transport (STX1, SNAP24/29 and Syb; STX1, SNAP24/29 and YKT6; STX4, SNAP24 and Syb). RNAi mediated depletion of YKT6 and VAMP3 in mammalian cells also blocks constitutive secretion suggesting that YKT6 has an evolutionarily conserved role in this process. The unexpected role of YKT6 in plasma membrane fusion may in part explain why RNAi and gene disruption studies have failed to produce the expected phenotypes in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Gordon
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Joanne Chia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Kamburpola Jayawardena
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Antrobus
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Frederic Bard
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Andrew A. Peden
- Department of Biomedical Science & Centre for Membrane Interactions and Dynamics (CMIAD), The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Dickens JA, Ordóñez A, Chambers JE, Beckett AJ, Patel V, Malzer E, Dominicus CS, Bradley J, Peden AA, Prior IA, Lomas DA, Marciniak SJ. The endoplasmic reticulum remains functionally connected by vesicular transport after its fragmentation in cells expressing Z-α1-antitrypsin. FASEB J 2016; 30:4083-4097. [PMID: 27601439 PMCID: PMC5102109 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600430r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
α1-Antitrypsin is a serine protease inhibitor produced in the liver that is responsible for the regulation of pulmonary inflammation. The commonest pathogenic gene mutation yields Z-α1-antitrypsin, which has a propensity to self-associate forming polymers that become trapped in inclusions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It is unclear whether these inclusions are connected to the main ER network in Z-α1-antitrypsin-expressing cells. Using live cell imaging, we found that despite inclusions containing an immobile matrix of polymeric α1-antitrypsin, small ER resident proteins can diffuse freely within them. Inclusions have many features to suggest they represent fragmented ER, and some are physically separated from the tubular ER network, yet we observed cargo to be transported between them in a cytosol-dependent fashion that is sensitive to N-ethylmaleimide and dependent on Sar1 and sec22B. We conclude that protein recycling occurs between ER inclusions despite their physical separation.-Dickens, J. A., Ordóñez, A., Chambers, J. E., Beckett, A. J., Patel, V., Malzer, E., Dominicus, C. S., Bradley, J., Peden, A. A., Prior, I. A., Lomas, D. A., Marciniak, S. J. The endoplasmic reticulum remains functionally connected by vesicular transport after its fragmentation in cells expressing Z-α1-antitrypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Dickens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adriana Ordóñez
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph E Chambers
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison J Beckett
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Vruti Patel
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elke Malzer
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Caia S Dominicus
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jayson Bradley
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A Peden
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Prior
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; and
| | - David A Lomas
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan J Marciniak
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom;
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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46
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Retrograde Transport from Early Endosomes to the trans-Golgi Network Enables Membrane Wrapping and Egress of Vaccinia Virus Virions. J Virol 2016; 90:8891-905. [PMID: 27466413 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01114-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The anterograde pathway, from the endoplasmic reticulum through the trans-Golgi network to the cell surface, is utilized by trans-membrane and secretory proteins. The retrograde pathway, which directs traffic in the opposite direction, is used following endocytosis of exogenous molecules and recycling of membrane proteins. Microbes exploit both routes: viruses typically use the anterograde pathway for envelope formation prior to exiting the cell, whereas ricin and Shiga-like toxins and some nonenveloped viruses use the retrograde pathway for cell entry. Mining a human genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen revealed a need for multiple retrograde pathway components for cell-to-cell spread of vaccinia virus. We confirmed and extended these results while discovering that retrograde trafficking was required for virus egress rather than entry. Retro-2, a specific retrograde trafficking inhibitor of protein toxins, potently prevented spread of vaccinia virus as well as monkeypox virus, a human pathogen. Electron and confocal microscopy studies revealed that Retro-2 prevented wrapping of virions with an additional double-membrane envelope that enables microtubular transport, exocytosis, and actin polymerization. The viral B5 and F13 protein components of this membrane, which are required for wrapping, normally colocalize in the trans-Golgi network. However, only B5 traffics through the secretory pathway, suggesting that F13 uses another route to the trans-Golgi network. The retrograde route was demonstrated by finding that F13 was largely confined to early endosomes and failed to colocalize with B5 in the presence of Retro-2. Thus, vaccinia virus makes novel use of the retrograde transport system for formation of the viral wrapping membrane. IMPORTANCE Efficient cell-to-cell spread of vaccinia virus and other orthopoxviruses depends on the wrapping of infectious particles with a double membrane that enables microtubular transport, exocytosis, and actin polymerization. Interference with wrapping or subsequent steps results in severe attenuation of the virus. Some previous studies had suggested that the wrapping membrane arises from the trans-Golgi network, whereas others suggested an origin from early endosomes. Some nonenveloped viruses use retrograde trafficking for entry into the cell. In contrast, we provided evidence that retrograde transport from early endosomes to the trans-Golgi network is required for the membrane-wrapping step in morphogenesis of vaccinia virus and egress from the cell. The potent in vitro inhibition of this step by the drug Retro-2 suggests that derivatives with enhanced pharmacological properties might serve as useful antipoxviral agents.
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Melo RCN, Weller PF. Vesicular trafficking of immune mediators in human eosinophils revealed by immunoelectron microscopy. Exp Cell Res 2016; 347:385-90. [PMID: 27562864 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Electron microscopy (EM)-based techniques are mostly responsible for our current view of cell morphology at the subcellular level and continue to play an essential role in biological research. In cells from the immune system, such as eosinophils, EM has helped to understand how cells package and release mediators involved in immune responses. Ultrastructural investigations of human eosinophils enabled visualization of secretory processes in detail and identification of a robust, vesicular trafficking essential for the secretion of immune mediators via a non-classical secretory pathway associated with secretory (specific) granules. This vesicular system is mainly organized as large tubular-vesicular carriers (Eosinophil Sombrero Vesicles - EoSVs) actively formed in response to cell activation and provides a sophisticated structural mechanism for delivery of granule-stored mediators. In this review, we highlight the application of EM techniques to recognize pools of immune mediators at vesicular compartments and to understand the complex secretory pathway within human eosinophils involved in inflammatory and allergic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana C N Melo
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, ICB, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, UFJF, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, CLS 943, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Peter F Weller
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, CLS 943, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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48
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Redmann V, Lamb CA, Hwang S, Orchard RC, Kim S, Razi M, Milam A, Park S, Yokoyama CC, Kambal A, Kreamalmeyer D, Bosch MK, Xiao M, Green K, Kim J, Pruett-Miller SM, Ornitz DM, Allen PM, Beatty WL, Schmidt RE, DiAntonio A, Tooze SA, Virgin HW. Clec16a is Critical for Autolysosome Function and Purkinje Cell Survival. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23326. [PMID: 26987296 PMCID: PMC4796910 DOI: 10.1038/srep23326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CLEC16A is in a locus genetically linked to autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, but the function of this gene in the nervous system is unknown. Here we show that two mouse strains carrying independent Clec16a mutations developed neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor impairments and loss of Purkinje cells. Neurons from Clec16a-mutant mice exhibited increased expression of the autophagy substrate p62, accumulation of abnormal intra-axonal membranous structures bearing the autophagy protein LC3, and abnormal Golgi morphology. Multiple aspects of endocytosis, lysosome and Golgi function were normal in Clec16a-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts and HeLa cells. However, these cells displayed abnormal bulk autophagy despite unimpaired autophagosome formation. Cultured Clec16a-deficient cells exhibited a striking accumulation of LC3 and LAMP-1 positive autolysosomes containing undigested cytoplasmic contents. Therefore Clec16a, an autophagy protein that is critical for autolysosome function and clearance, is required for Purkinje cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Redmann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christopher A. Lamb
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, London, WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Seungmin Hwang
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Robert C. Orchard
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sungsu Kim
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Minoo Razi
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, London, WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Ashley Milam
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Christine C. Yokoyama
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amal Kambal
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Darren Kreamalmeyer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marie K. Bosch
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Maolei Xiao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Karen Green
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jungsu Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Shondra M. Pruett-Miller
- Genome Engineering and iPSC Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David M. Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paul M. Allen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wandy L. Beatty
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robert E. Schmidt
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Aaron DiAntonio
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sharon A. Tooze
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, London, WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Herbert W. Virgin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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49
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Lamb CA, Nühlen S, Judith D, Frith D, Snijders AP, Behrends C, Tooze SA. TBC1D14 regulates autophagy via the TRAPP complex and ATG9 traffic. EMBO J 2016; 35:281-301. [PMID: 26711178 PMCID: PMC4741301 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201592695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy requires membrane trafficking and remodelling to form the autophagosome and deliver its contents to lysosomes for degradation. We have previously identified the TBC domain-containing protein, TBC1D14, as a negative regulator of autophagy that controls delivery of membranes from RAB11-positive recycling endosomes to forming autophagosomes. In this study, we identify the TRAPP complex, a multi-subunit tethering complex and GEF for RAB1, as an interactor of TBC1D14. TBC1D14 binds to the TRAPP complex via an N-terminal 103 amino acid region, and overexpression of this region inhibits both autophagy and secretory traffic. TRAPPC8, the mammalian orthologue of a yeast autophagy-specific TRAPP subunit, forms part of a mammalian TRAPPIII-like complex and both this complex and TBC1D14 are needed for RAB1 activation. TRAPPC8 modulates autophagy and secretory trafficking and is required for TBC1D14 to bind TRAPPIII. Importantly, TBC1D14 and TRAPPIII regulate ATG9 trafficking independently of ULK1. We propose a model whereby TBC1D14 and TRAPPIII regulate a constitutive trafficking step from peripheral recycling endosomes to the early Golgi, maintaining the cycling pool of ATG9 required for initiation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Lamb
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy Group, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Stefanie Nühlen
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Delphine Judith
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy Group, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - David Frith
- The Francis Crick Institute Mass Spectrometry Core Technology Platform Clare Hall Laboratories, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Ambrosius P Snijders
- The Francis Crick Institute Mass Spectrometry Core Technology Platform Clare Hall Laboratories, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Christian Behrends
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Medical School Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy Group, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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Ketel K, Krauss M, Nicot AS, Puchkov D, Wieffer M, Müller R, Subramanian D, Schultz C, Laporte J, Haucke V. A phosphoinositide conversion mechanism for exit from endosomes. Nature 2016; 529:408-12. [DOI: 10.1038/nature16516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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