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Lin M, Yan J, Tang J, Han S, Guo P, Wu S, Tao L, Xiao H, Chen Y, Tan X. Air Pollutants and Mortality Risk in Patients with Aortic Dissection: Evidence from a Clinical Cohort, Single-Cell Sequencing, and Proteomics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6509-6518. [PMID: 38561599 PMCID: PMC11025546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the association between air pollutants and mortality risk in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD) in a longitudinal cohort and to explore the potential mechanisms of adverse prognosis induced by fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Air pollutants data, including PM2.5, PM10.0, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3), were collected from official monitoring stations, and multivariable Cox regression models were applied. Single-cell sequencing and proteomics of aortic tissue were conducted to explore the potential mechanisms. In total, 1,267 patients with AAD were included. Exposure to higher concentrations of air pollutants was independently associated with an increased mortality risk. The high-PM2.5 group carried approximately 2 times increased mortality risk. There were linear associations of PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 exposures with long-term mortality risk. Single-cell sequencing revealed an increase in mast cells in aortic tissue in the high-PM2.5 exposure group. Enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes identified the inflammatory response as one of the main pathways, with IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways being among the top pathways. Analysis of proteomics also identified these pathways. This study suggests that exposure to higher PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 are associated with increased mortality risk in patients with AAD. PM2.5-related activation and degranulation of mast cells may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Lin
- Department
of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital
of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515000, China
- Shantou
University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Jingyi Yan
- Shantou
University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Junshuang Tang
- Shantou
University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Sirui Han
- Shantou
University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Pi Guo
- Department
of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University
Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Shiwan Wu
- Department
of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital
of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Liang Tao
- Department
of Cardiac Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital
Affiliated with Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Hongyan Xiao
- Department
of Cardiac Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital
Affiliated with Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 753 Jinghan Road, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yequn Chen
- Department
of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital
of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515000, China
- Clinical
Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital
of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Xuerui Tan
- Department
of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital
of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515000, China
- Shantou
University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515000, China
- Clinical
Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital
of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515000, China
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2
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He Q, Wang Y, Fang C, Feng Z, Yin M, Huang J, Ma Y, Mo Z. Advancing stroke therapy: A deep dive into early phase of ischemic stroke and recanalization. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14634. [PMID: 38379112 PMCID: PMC10879038 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, accounting for the majority of stroke events, significantly contributes to global morbidity and mortality. Vascular recanalization therapies, namely intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, have emerged as critical interventions, yet their success hinges on timely application and patient-specific factors. This review focuses on the early phase pathophysiological mechanisms of ischemic stroke and the nuances of recanalization. It highlights the dual role of neutrophils in tissue damage and repair, and the critical involvement of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in stroke outcomes. Special emphasis is placed on ischemia-reperfusion injury, characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, which paradoxically exacerbates cerebral damage post-revascularization. The review also explores the potential of targeting molecular pathways involved in BBB integrity and inflammation to enhance the efficacy of recanalization therapies. By synthesizing current research, this paper aims to provide insights into optimizing treatment protocols and developing adjuvant neuroprotective strategies, thereby advancing stroke therapy and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyan He
- Department of Neurology, Stroke CenterThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilinChina
- Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Yueqing Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Cheng Fang
- Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Ziying Feng
- Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Meifang Yin
- Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Juyang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen)Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Yinzhong Ma
- Institute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Zhizhun Mo
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalThe Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineShenzhenGuangdongChina
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Xing J, Man C, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Peng H. Factors impacting the benefits and pathogenicity of Th17 cells in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224269. [PMID: 37680632 PMCID: PMC10481871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor development is closely associated with a complex tumor microenvironment, which is composed of tumor cells, blood vessels, tumor stromal cells, infiltrating immune cells, and associated effector molecules. T helper type 17 (Th17) cells, which are a subset of CD4+ T cells and are renowned for their ability to combat bacterial and fungal infections and mediate inflammatory responses, exhibit context-dependent effector functions. Within the tumor microenvironment, different molecular signals regulate the proliferation, differentiation, metabolic reprogramming, and phenotypic conversion of Th17 cells. Consequently, Th17 cells exert dual effects on tumor progression and can promote or inhibit tumor growth. This review aimed to investigate the impact of various alterations in the tumor microenvironment on the antitumor and protumor effects of Th17 cells to provide valuable clues for the exploration of additional tumor immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Changfeng Man
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yingzhao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiyong Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yu S, Cui K, Wu P, Wu B, Lu X, Huang R, Tang X, Lin J, Yang B, Zhao J, He Q, Liang X, Xu Y. Melatonin prevents experimental central serous chorioretinopathy in rats. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12802. [PMID: 35436360 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a vision-threatening disease with no validated treatment and unclear pathogenesis. It is characterized by dilation and leakage of choroidal vasculature, resulting in the accumulation of subretinal fluid, and serous detachment of the neurosensory retina. Numerous studies have demonstrated that melatonin had multiple protective effects against endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown. However, the effect of melatonin on CSC, and its exact pathogenesis, is not well understood thus far. In this study, an experimental model was established by intravitreal injection of aldosterone in rats, which mimicked the features of CSC. Our results found that melatonin administration in advance significantly inhibited aldosterone-induced choroidal thickening and vasodilation by reducing the expression of calcium-activated potassium channel KCa2.3, and attenuated tortuosity of choroid vessels. Moreover, melatonin protected the BRB integrity and prevented the decrease in tight junction protein (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1) levels in the rat model induced by aldosterone. Additionally, the data also showed that intraperitoneal injection of melatonin in advance inhibited aldosterone-induced macrophage/microglia infiltration, and remarkably diminished the levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-1β, and cyclooxygenase-2), chemokines (chemokine C-C motif ligand 3, and C-X-C motif ligand 1), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). Luzindole, as the nonselective MT1 and MT2 antagonist, and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetraline, as the selective MT2 antagonist, neutralized the melatonin-induced inhibition of choroidal thickening and choroidal vasodilation, indicating that melatonin might exert the effects via binding to its receptors. Furthermore, the IL-17A/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway was activated by intravitreal administration of aldosterone, while it was suppressed in melatonin-treated in advance rat eyes. This study indicates that melatonin could serve as a promising safe therapeutic strategy for CSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaixuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Benjuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
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Murine Falcor/LL35 lncRNA Contributes to Glucose and Lipid Metabolism In Vitro and In Vivo. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061397. [PMID: 35740417 PMCID: PMC9220108 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose and lipid metabolism are crucial functional systems in eukaryotes. A large number of experimental studies both in animal models and humans have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Previously, human lncRNA DEANR1/linc00261 was described as a tumor suppressor that regulates a variety of biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, glucose metabolism and tumorigenesis. Here we report that murine lncRNA Falcor/LL35, a proposed functional analog of human DEANR1/linc00261, is predominantly expressed in murine normal hepatocytes and downregulated in HCC and after partial hepatectomy. The application of high-throughput approaches such as RNA-seq, LC-MS proteomics, lipidomics and metabolomics analysis allowed changes to be found in the transcriptome, proteome, lipidome and metabolome of hepatocytes after LL35 depletion. We revealed that LL35 is involved in the regulation of glycolysis and lipid biosynthesis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, LL35 affects Notch and NF-κB signaling pathways in normal hepatocytes. All observed changes result in the decrease in the proliferation and migration of hepatocytes. We demonstrated similar phenotype changes between murine LL35 and human linc00261 depletion in vitro and in vivo that opens the opportunity to translate results for LL35 from a liver murine model to possible functions of human lncRNA linc00261.
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6
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Porcacchia AS, Câmara DAD, Andersen ML, Tufik S. Sleep disorders and prostate cancer prognosis: biology, epidemiology, and association with cancer development risk. Eur J Cancer Prev 2022; 31:178-189. [PMID: 33990093 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is crucial for the maintenance of health and well-being. Sleep disorders can result in physiological consequences and are associated with several health issues, including cancer. Cancer is one of the most significant health problems in the world. In Western countries, prostate cancer is the most prevalent noncutaneous cancer among men. Epidemiological studies showed that one in nine men will have this disease during their life. Many factors influence prostate cancer and the tumor niche, including endogenous hormones, family history, diet, and gene mutations. Disruption of the circadian cycle by sleep disorders or other factors has been suggested as a novel and important risk factor for prostate cancer and its tumorigenesis. This review presents information regarding the epidemiological and biological aspects of prostate cancer, and discusses the impact of sleep physiology and sleep disorders on this type of cancer, highlighting possible associations with risk of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
- Instituto do Sono, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
- Instituto do Sono, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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7
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Identifying the key genes and functional enrichment pathways associated with feed efficiency in cattle. Gene 2022; 807:145934. [PMID: 34478820 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Residual feed intake (RFI) is a measurement of feed efficiency, and is inversely correlated with feed efficiency. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with RFI vary substantially among studies, posing great challenges in finding the RFI-related marker genes. This study attempted to resolve this issue by integrating and comparing the multiple transcriptome sequencing data associated with RFI in the cattle liver, using differential, functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, weighted co-expression network (WGCNA), and gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) to identify the candidate genes and functional enrichment pathways that are closely associated with RFI. Four candidate genes namely SHC1, GPX4, ACADL, and IGF1 were identified and validated as the marker genes for RFI. Four functional enrichment pathways, namely the fatty acid metabolism, sugar metabolism, energy metabolism, and protein ubiquitination were also found to be closely related to RFI. This study identified several genes and signaling pathways with shared characteristics, which will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms related to the regulation of feed efficiency, and provide basis for molecular markers related to feed efficiency in beef cattle.
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8
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Peng LY, Li BB, Deng KB, Wang WG. MicroRNA-214-3p facilitates M2 macrophage polarization by targeting GSK3B. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:347-356. [PMID: 35005835 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa. M2 macrophage polarization can reduce inflammation and repair tissue injury during AR development. Studies have substantiated the involvement of miRNAs in AR pathogenesis. Herein, the molecular mechanism of miR-214-3p in AR development was explored. To mimic the AR environment, ovalbumin (OVA) was used to treat macrophages. MiR-214-3p and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) expression in nasal mucus tissues and macrophages was assessed by RT-qPCR. The M2 phenotypic signature of CD206 in macrophages was assessed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of GSK3B and M2 macrophage markers (ARG-1 and IL-10) was evaluated by western blotting. The correlation between miR-214-3p and GSK3B was validated by a luciferase reporter assay. We found that miR-214-3p was overexpressed in macrophages and nasal mucus tissues from AR patients. MiR-214-3p facilitated M2 polarization of macrophages upon OVA stimulation. Mechanistically, miR-214-3p targeted the GSK3B 3' untranslated region in macrophages. In addition, GSK3B was downregulated in macrophages and nasal mucus tissues from AR patients. In rescue assays, GSK3B downregulation reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-214-3p silencing on M2 polarization of macrophages treated with OVA. Overall, miR-214-3p facilitates M2 macrophage polarization by targeting GSK3B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yan Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Bao Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke-Bin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Guang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Megerian MF, Kim JS, Badreddine J, Hong SH, Ponsky LE, Shin JI, Ghayda RA. Melatonin and Prostate Cancer: Anti-tumor Roles and Therapeutic Application. Aging Dis 2022; 14:840-857. [PMID: 37191417 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an endogenous indoleamine that has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in laboratory models of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer risk has additionally been associated with exogenous factors that interfere with normal pineal secretory activity, including aging, poor sleep, and artificial light at night. Therefore, we aim to expand on the important epidemiological evidence, and to review how melatonin can impede prostate cancer. More specifically, we describe the currently known mechanisms of melatonin-mediated oncostasis in prostate cancer, including those that relate to the indolamine's ability to modulate metabolic activity, cell cycle progression and proliferation, androgen signaling, angiogenesis, metastasis, immunity and oxidative cell status, apoptosis, genomic stability, neuroendocrine differentiation, and the circadian rhythm. The outlined evidence underscores the need for clinical trials to determine the efficacy of supplemental, adjunct, and adjuvant melatonin therapy for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
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Liu XY, Lu R, Chen J, Wang J, Qian HM, Chen G, Wu RH, Chi ZL. Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 2 Regulates Retinal Pigment Epithelium Metabolism by Enhancing Autophagy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:738022. [PMID: 34819832 PMCID: PMC8606588 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.738022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) serves critical functions in maintaining retinal homeostasis. An important function of RPE is to degrade the photoreceptor outer segment fragments daily to maintain photoreceptor function and longevity throughout life. An impairment of RPE functions such as metabolic regulation leads to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and inherited retinal degenerative diseases. As substrate recognition subunit of a ubiquitin ligase complex, suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) specifically binds to the substrates for ubiquitination and negatively regulates growth hormone signaling. Herein, we explore the role of SOCS2 in the metabolic regulation of autophagy in the RPE cells. SOCS2 knockout mice exhibited the irregular morphological deposits between the RPE and Bruch’s membrane. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that RPE cells lacking SOCS2 displayed impaired autophagy, which could be recovered by re-expressing SOCS2. SOCS2 recognizes the ubiquitylated proteins and participates in the formation of autolysosome by binding with autophagy receptors and lysosome-associated membrane protein2 (LAMP-2), thereby regulating the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) during the autophagy process. Our results imply that SOCS2 participates in ubiquitin-autophagy-lysosomal pathway and enhances autophagy by regulating GSK3β and mTOR. This study provides a potential therapeutic target for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rong-Han Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zai-Long Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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11
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Zhang P, Qian B, Liu Z, Wang D, Lv F, Xing Y, Xiao Y. Identification of novel biomarkers of prostate cancer through integrated analysis. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:3239-3254. [PMID: 34532249 PMCID: PMC8421833 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The current methods adopted to screen for prostate cancer (PCa) can sometimes be misleading and inaccurate. Moreover, for advanced stages of PCa, the current effect of treatment is not satisfactory for some patients. Accordingly, we aimed to identify new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa. Methods A series of bioinformatic tools were utilized to search for potential new biomarkers of PCa and analyze their functions, expression, clinical relevance, prognostic value, and underlying mechanisms. Results Although ASPN was overexpressed in PCa, EDN3, PENK, MEIS2, IGF1, and CXCL12 were downregulated. The univariate Cox regression analysis showed that abnormally high expression of ASPN and low expression of other genes predicted worse prognosis. Moreover, the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ASPN, PENK, and MEIS2 were independently associated with the overall survival (OS) of patients, whereas other markers were not. The outcomes of gene ontology and gene set enrichment analysis showed that the expression levels of these genes might be associated with cell proliferation and infiltration of immune cells in PCa. Conclusions We demonstrated that ASPN, EDN3, PENK, MEIS2, IGF1, and CXCL12 are possibly novel diagnostic indicators for PCa, whereas ASPN, PENK, and MEIS2 show appealing potential to predict the prognosis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bei Qian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Decai Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Lv
- Department of Urology Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifei Xing
- Department of Urology Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun Xiao
- Department of Urology Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Network Pharmacology Combined with Bioinformatics to Investigate the Mechanisms and Molecular Targets of Astragalus Radix-Panax notoginseng Herb Pair on Treating Diabetic Nephropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9980981. [PMID: 34349833 PMCID: PMC8328704 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9980981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Astragalus Radix (AR)-Panax notoginseng (PN), a classical herb pair, has shown significant effects in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the intrinsic mechanism of AR-PN treating DN is still unclear. This study aims to illustrate the mechanism and molecular targets of AR-PN treating DN based on network pharmacology combined with bioinformatics. Materials and Methods The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database was used to screen bioactive ingredients of AR-PN. Subsequently, putative targets of bioactive ingredients were predicted utilizing the DrugBank database and converted into genes on UniProtKB database. DN-related targets were retrieved via analyzing published microarray data (GSE30528) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Protein-protein interaction networks of AR-PN putative targets and DN-related targets were established to identify candidate targets using Cytoscape 3.8.0. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of candidate targets were reflected using a plugin ClueGO of Cytoscape. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina software, and the results were visualized by Pymol software. The diagnostic capacity of hub genes was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Twenty-two bioactive ingredients and 189 putative targets of AR-PN were obtained. Eight hundred and fifty differently expressed genes related to DN were screened. The PPI network showed that 115 candidate targets of AR-PN against DN were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that candidate targets of AR-PN against DN were mainly involved in the apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell cycle, and inflammation response, regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cell cycle, and MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, MAPK1, AKT1, GSK3B, CDKN1A, TP53, RELA, MYC, GRB2, JUN, and EGFR were considered as the core potential therapeutic targets. Molecular docking demonstrated that these core targets had a great binding affinity with quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and formononetin components. ROC curve analysis showed that AKT1, TP53, RELA, JUN, CDKN1A, and EGFR are effective in discriminating DN from controls. Conclusions AR-PN against DN may exert its renoprotective effects via various bioactive chemicals and the related pharmacological pathways, involving multiple molecular targets, which may be a promising herb pair treating DN. Nevertheless, these results should be further validated by experimental evidence.
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Romo-Nava F, Buijs RM, McElroy SL. The use of melatonin to mitigate the adverse metabolic side effects of antipsychotics. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 179:371-382. [PMID: 34225976 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819975-6.00024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs are efficacious first-line treatments for many individuals diagnosed with a psychiatric illness. However, their adverse metabolic side-effect profile, which resembles the metabolic syndrome, represents a significant clinical problem that increases morbidity and limits treatment adherence. Moreover, the mechanisms involved in antipsychotic-induced adverse metabolic effects (AMEs) are unknown and mitigating strategies and interventions are limited. However, recent clinical trials show that nightly administration of exogenous melatonin may mitigate or even prevent antipsychotic-induced AMEs. This clinical evidence in combination with recent preclinical data implicate the circadian system in antipsychotic-induced AMEs and their mitigation. In this chapter, we provide an overview on the circadian system and its involvement in antipsychotic-induced AMEs, as well as the potential beneficial effect of nightly melatonin administration to mitigate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Romo-Nava
- Lindner Center of HOPE Research Institute, Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
| | - Ruud M Buijs
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology and Physiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Susan L McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE Research Institute, Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Sun L, Han R, Guo F, Chen H, Wang W, Chen Z, Liu W, Sun X, Gao C. Antagonistic effects of IL-17 and Astragaloside IV on cortical neurogenesis and cognitive behavior after stroke in adult mice through Akt/GSK-3β pathway. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:74. [PMID: 32818074 PMCID: PMC7417740 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the exact effect of IL-17 on regulating neural stem cells (NSCs) stemness and adult neurogenesis in ischemic cortex after stroke, how Astragaloside IV(As-IV) regulated IL-17 expression and the underlying mechanism. Photochemical brain ischemia model was established and IL-17 protein expression was observed at different time after stroke in WT mice. At 3 days after stroke, when IL-17 expression peaked, IL-17 knock out (KO) mice were used to observe cell proliferation and neurogenesis in ischemic cortex. Then, As-IV was administered intravenously to assess cell apoptosis, proliferation, neurogenesis, and cognitive deficits by immunochemistry staining, western blots, and animal behavior tests in WT mice. Furthermore, IL-17 KO mice and As-IV were used simultaneously to evaluate the mechanism of cell apoptosis and proliferation after stroke in vivo. Besides, in vitro, As-IV and recombinant mouse IL-17A was administered, respectively, into NSCs culture, and then their diameters, viable cell proliferation and pathway relevant protein was assessed. The results showed knocking out IL-17 contributed to regulating PI3K/Akt pathway, promoting NSCs proliferation, and neurogenesis after ischemic stroke. Moreover, As-IV treatment helped inhibit neural apoptosis, promote the neurogenesis and eventually relieve mice anxiety after stroke. Unsurprisingly, IL-17 protein expression could be downregulated by As-IV in vivo and in vitro and they exerted antagonistic effect on neurogenesis by regulating Akt/GSK-3β pathway, with significant regulation for apoptosis. In conclusion, IL-17 exerts negative effect on promoting NSCs proliferation, neurogenesis and cognitive deficits after ischemic stroke, which could be reversed by As-IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Ruili Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, 710032 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Xude Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Changjun Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038 Xi’an, Shaanxi Province China
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Li G, Zhou L, Zhang C, Shi Y, Dong D, Bai M, Wang R, Zhang C. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Regulates Acute Inflammatory Lung Injury Mediated by Influenza Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2541. [PMID: 31849847 PMCID: PMC6887893 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute inflammatory lung injury is an important cause of death due to influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) played an important role in the regulation of inflammation in the immune system. To investigate the role of IGF1 in IAV-mediated acute inflammatory lung injury, the expression of IGF1 and inflammatory cytokines was tested after IAV A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1; abbreviated as PR8) infection in A549 cells. Then, a BALB/c mouse model of PR8 infection was established. On days 3, 5, 7, and 9 post-infection, the mice lung tissue was collected to detect the expression changes in IGF1 mRNA and protein. The mice were divided into four groups: (1) PBS (abbreviation of phosphate buffered saline); (2) PR8 + PBS; (3) PR8 + IGF1; and (4) PR8 + PPP (abbreviation of picropodophyllin, the IGF1 receptor inhibitor). The body weight and survival rate of the mice were monitored daily, and the clinical symptoms of the mice were recorded. On day 5 post-infection, the mice were sacrificed to obtain the serum and lung tissues. The expression of inflammatory cytokines in the serum was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; lung injury was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the viral proliferation in the lung was detected by real-time quantitative PCR; and the protein expression of the main molecules in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways was detected by Western blot. It was found that IGF1 expression is upregulated in A549 cells and BALB/c mice infected with PR8, whereas IGF1 regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by PR8 infection. Overexpression of IGF1 aggravated the IAV-mediated inflammatory response, whereas the inhibition of IGF1 receptor reduced such inflammatory response. The phosphorylation of IGF1 receptor triggered the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways to induce an inflammatory response after IAV infection. Therefore, IGF1 plays an important immune function in IAV-mediated acute inflammatory lung injury. IGF1 may provide a therapeutic target for humans in response to an influenza outbreak, and inhibition of IGF1 or IGF1 receptor may represent a novel approach to influenza treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Li
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Derong Dong
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Bai
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanfu Zhang
- Center for Hygienic Assessment and Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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16
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Guo N, Shen G, Zhang Y, Moustafa AA, Ge D, You Z. Interleukin-17 Promotes Migration and Invasion of Human Cancer Cells Through Upregulation of MTA1 Expression. Front Oncol 2019; 9:546. [PMID: 31281798 PMCID: PMC6596356 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) has been shown to promote development of prostate, colon, skin, lung, breast, and pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine if IL-17 regulates MTA1 expression and its biological consequences. Human cervical cancer HeLa and human prostate cancer DU-145 cell lines were used to test if IL-17 regulates metastasis associated 1 (MTA1) mRNA and protein expression using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were studied using wound healing assays and invasion chamber assays. Thirty-four human cervical tissues were stained for IL-17 and MTA1 using immunohistochemical staining. We found that IL-17 increased MTA1 mRNA and protein expression in both cell lines. Cell migration was accelerated by IL-17, which was abolished by knockdown of MTA1 expression with small interference RNA (siRNA). Further, cell invasion was enhanced by IL-17, which was eliminated by MTA1 knockdown. Human cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer tissues had increased number of IL-17-positive cells and MTA1 expression compared to normal cervical tissues. The number of IL-17-positive cells was positively correlated with MTA1 expression. These findings demonstrate that IL-17 upregulates MTA1 mRNA and protein expression to promote HeLa and DU-145 cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ge Shen
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangyuan First People's Hospital, Guangyuan, China
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Dongxia Ge
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Zongbing You
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States.,Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, United States
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17
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Lin Y, Ren N, Li S, Chen M, Pu P. Novel anti-obesity effect of scutellarein and potential underlying mechanism of actions. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109042. [PMID: 31228804 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Scutellarein (Sc), a natural compound and an active ingredient of Erigeron breviscapus (vant.), shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has the potential for obesity treatment. However, no previous in vivo study has been conducted to assess the role of Sc in obesity. This study investigated the effects of Sc on obesity and associated hyperlipidemia and fatty liver and explores the underlying mechanisms of action in a mouse model. METHODS The study was conducted using a well-established mouse model of obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Anti-obesity effects were assessed using body weight, abdominal circumference, white adipose tissue, adiposity index, and fatty liver index. Lipid lowering and liver protective effects were examined by blood sample analysis. Lipid dystopia deposition was confirmed by liver pathological sections. The signaling pathways of lipid metabolism and cytokine/inflammatory mediator were evaluated using Real-Time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Central obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and hepatic steatosis were developed in mice fed with HFD. Administration of Sc at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 weeks effectively attenuated all obesity indicators tested. Further studies revealed the antagonistic effect of Sc on hyperlipidemia was a result of the repression of the lipid synthesis pathway, de novo pathway, HMGCR, promoting fatty acid oxidation (PPARα, CPT-1a) and increased cholesterol output (PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1). The anti-inflammatory effect was attributed to blocking the expression of inflammatory genes, including TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Sc possesses important novel anti-obesity effects accompanying lipid lowering and anti-inflammation-based liver protective effects. These favorable effects are causally associated with the suppression of gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and fine regulation of genes responsible for energy metabolism. Our results advance the understanding of the pharmacological actions of Sc, and provides a role for Sc in effective management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Nina Ren
- Guangdong Online Hospital, Guangdong Second Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, PR China
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Peng Pu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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18
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Li YY, Zheng G, Liu L. Bioinformatics Based Therapeutic Effects of Sinomenium Acutum. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 25:122-130. [PMID: 29564801 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To decipher the possible mechanisms of Sinomenium Acutum (SA) in treating diseases by a bioinformatics method. METHODS SA ingredients were searched according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Chinese Medicine Dictionary and Traditional Chinese Medicines Database (TCMD). Active compounds and target proteins of SA were acquired through the Pubchem platform. Pathway, network and function analyses of SA were performed with ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), a bioinformatics analysis platform. Disease, biofunction-target networks were established with Cytoscape. RESULTS Eighteen ingredients from SA were obtained. Seven active ingredients with 31 active target proteins were acquired according to PubChem Bioassay test. By IPA analysis, 277 canonical pathways belonging to 17 function categories were collected, 23 kinds of diseases, 21 categories bio-functions were obtained. Based on P value, calculated by IPA, the top 5 significant pathway of SA targets include phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) signaling, prostate cancer signaling, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) regulation of innate immunity, Guanosine-binding protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, and ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) signaling. Disease and bio-function network analysis indicated that mitogen activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), MAPK3, p65 nuclear factor κB (RELA), nuclear factor of κB inhibitor alpha (NFκBIA), interleukin 1β(IL-1β), prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2) and tumor protein 53 (TP53) were the critical targets in various diseases treated by SA. CONCLUSION In the different view of target, pathway, disease and bio-function, inflammation was found to be a central theme in many chronic conditions. SA could be used not only as an anti-inflammatory agent, but also for the treatment of cancers, neurological diseases, psychological disorders and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yan Li
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China.,Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Guang Zheng
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China.
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19
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Chen L, Peng W, Kong S, Pu F, Chen B, Zhou Z, Feng J, Li X, Xu P. Genetic Mapping of Head Size Related Traits in Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio). Front Genet 2018; 9:448. [PMID: 30356829 PMCID: PMC6190898 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head size is important economic trait for many aquaculture fish which is directly linked to their carcass yield. The genetic basis of head size trait remains unclear in many widely cultured fish species. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the most widely studied fish due to its importance on both economic and environmental aspects. In this study, we performed genome-wide association study using 433 Yellow River carp individuals from multiple families to identify loci and genes potentially associated with head size related traits including head length (HL), head length/body length ratio (HBR), eye diameter (ED), and eye cross (EC). QTL mapping was utilized to filter the effects of population stratification and improve power for the candidates identification in the largest surveyed family with a published genetic linkage map. Twelve SNPs showed significant for head size traits in GWAS and 18 QTLs were identified in QTL mapping. Our study combining both GWAS and QTL mapping could compensate the deficiency from each other and advance our understanding of head size traits in common carp. To acquire a better understanding of the correlation between head size and body growth, we also performed comparisons between QTLs of head size traits and growth-related traits. Candidate genes underlying head size traits were identified surrounding the significant SNPs, including parvalbumin, srpk2, fsrp5, igf1, igf3, grb10, igf1r, notch2, sfrp2. Many of these genes have been identified with potential functions on bone formation and growth. Igf1 was a putative gene associated with both head size and body growth in Yellow River carp. The teleost-specific igf3 was a candidate head size related gene, related to both HL and HBR. Our study also indicated the importance of Igf signaling pathway for both growth and head size determination in common carp, which could be potentially used in future selective breeding in common carp as well as other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenzhu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shengnan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fei Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Baohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianxin Feng
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Large Yellow Croaker Breeding, Ningde Fufa Fisheries Company Limited, Ningde, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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20
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Dauchy RT, Wren-Dail MA, Dupepe LM, Hill SM, Xiang S, Anbalagan M, Belancio VP, Dauchy EM, Blask DE. Effect of Daytime Blue-enriched LED Light on the Nighttime Circadian Melatonin Inhibition of Hepatoma 7288CTC Warburg Effect and Progression. Comp Med 2018; 68:269-279. [PMID: 29875029 PMCID: PMC6103418 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-17-000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Metabolic pathways within the liver and liver cancers are highly regulated by the central circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Daily light and dark cycles regulate the SCN-driven pineal production of the circadian anticancer hormone melatonin and temporally coordinate circadian rhythms of metabolism and physiology in mammals. In previous studies, we demonstrated that melatonin suppresses linoleic acid metabolism and the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis)in human breast cancer xenografts and that blue-enriched light (465-485 nm) from light-emitting diode lighting at daytime (bLAD) amplifies nighttime circadian melatonin levels in rats by 7-fold over cool white fluorescent (CWF) lighting. Here we tested the hypothesis that daytime exposure of tissue-isolated Morris hepatoma 7288CTC-bearing male rats to bLAD amplifies the nighttime melatonin signal to enhance the inhibition of tumor growth. Compared with rats housed under a 12:12-h light:dark cycle in CWF light, rats in bLAD light evinced a 7-fold higher peak plasma melatonin level at the mid-dark phase; in addition, high melatonin levels were prolonged until 4 h into the light phase. After implantation of tissue-isolated hepatoma 7288CTC xenografts, tumor growth rates were markedly delayed, and tumor cAMP levels, LA metabolism, the Warburg effect, and growth signaling activities were decreased in rats in bLAD compared with CWF daytime lighting. These data show that the increased nighttime circadian melatonin levels due to bLAD exposure decreases hepatoma metabolic, signaling, and proliferative activities beyond what occurs after normal melatonin signaling under CWF light.
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Key Words
- 13-hode, 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid
- a–v, arterial–venous difference
- blad, blue-enriched led light at daytime
- cwf, cool white fluorescent
- erk1/2, extracellular signal regulated kinase p44/46
- ffa, free fatty acids
- iprgc, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell
- la, linoleic acid
- led, light-emitting diode
- scn, suprachiasmatic nuclei
- stat3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- tfa, total fatty acids
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Dauchy
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA.
| | - Melissa A Wren-Dail
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lynell M Dupepe
- Departments of Comparative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Steven M Hill
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Shulin Xiang
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Muralidharan Anbalagan
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Victoria P Belancio
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Erin M Dauchy
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - David E Blask
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
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Lin Y, Ye S, He Y, Li S, Chen Y, Zhai Z. Short-term insulin intensive therapy decreases MCP-1 and NF-κB expression of peripheral blood monocyte and the serum MCP-1 concentration in newlydiagnosed type 2 diabetics. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2018; 62:212-220. [PMID: 29641741 PMCID: PMC10118989 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of short-term insulin intensive treatment on the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as well as on the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression of peripheral blood monocyte. This is also in addition to observing the serum MCP-1 level in newlydiagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and probing its anti-inflammation effects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Twenty newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were treated with an insulin intensive treatment for 2 weeks. MCP-1 and NF-κB expression on the monocyte surface were measured with flow cytometry, the serum MCP-1 level was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) during pretreatment and post-treatment. RESULTS After 2 weeks of the treatment, MCP-1 and NF-κB protein expression of peripheral blood monocyte and serum MCP-1 levels decreased significantly compared with those of pre-treatment, which were (0.50 ± 0.18)% vs (0.89 ± 0.26)% (12.22 ± 2.80)% vs (15.53 ± 2.49)% and (44.53 ± 3.97) pg/mL vs (49.53 ± 3.47) pg/mL, respectively (P < 0.01). The MCP-1 expression on monocyte surface had a significant positive relationship with serum MCP-1 levels (r = 0.47, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Short-term insulin intensive therapy plays a role in alleviating the increased inflammation reaction in type 2 diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Yuanyuan He
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Endocrinological Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- Department of Central lab, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
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22
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Hosseinzadeh A, Javad-Moosavi SA, Reiter RJ, Hemati K, Ghaznavi H, Mehrzadi S. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) signaling pathways and protective roles of melatonin. Life Sci 2018; 201:17-29. [PMID: 29567077 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the progressive loss of lung function due to tissue scarring. A variety of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic factors including interleukin‑17A, transforming growth factor β, Wnt/β‑catenin, vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factors, endotelin‑1, renin angiotensin system and impaired caveolin‑1 function are involved in the IPF pathogenesis. Current therapies for IPF have some limitations and this highlights the need for effective therapeutic agents to treat this fatal disease. Melatonin and its metabolites are broad-spectrum antioxidants that not only remove reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by radical scavenging but also up-regulate the expression and activity of endogenous antioxidants. Via these actions, melatonin and its metabolites modulate a variety of molecular pathways in different pathophysiological conditions. Herein, we review the signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of IPF and the potentially protective effects of melatonin on these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anesthesiology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Habib Ghaznavi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Liu S, Zhang Q, Chen C, Ge D, Qu Y, Chen R, Fan YM, Li N, Tang WW, Zhang W, Zhang K, Wang AR, Rowan BG, Hill SM, Sartor O, Abdel-Mageed AB, Myers L, Lin Q, You Z. Hyperinsulinemia enhances interleukin-17-induced inflammation to promote prostate cancer development in obese mice through inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of interleukin-17 receptor. Oncotarget 2017; 7:13651-66. [PMID: 26871944 PMCID: PMC4924668 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays important roles in inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and some cancers. Obese people are in a chronic inflammatory state with increased serum levels of IL-17, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). How these factors contribute to the chronic inflammatory status that promotes development of aggressive prostate cancer in obese men is largely unknown. We found that, in obese mice, hyperinsulinemia enhanced IL-17-induced expression of downstream proinflammatory genes with increased levels of IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA), resulting in development of more invasive prostate cancer. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) constitutively bound to and phosphorylated IL-17RA at T780, leading to ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of IL-17RA, thus inhibiting IL-17-mediated inflammation. IL-17RA phosphorylation was reduced, while the IL-17RA levels were increased in the proliferative human prostate cancer cells compared to the normal cells. Insulin and IGF1 enhanced IL-17-induced inflammatory responses through suppressing GSK3, which was shown in the cultured cell lines in vitro and obese mouse models of prostate cancer in vivo. These findings reveal a mechanism underlying the intensified inflammation in obesity and obesity-associated development of aggressive prostate cancer, suggesting that targeting GSK3 may be a potential therapeutic approach to suppress IL-17-mediated inflammation in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, particularly in obese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Liu
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chong Chen
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Dongxia Ge
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yine Qu
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Rongyi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Yi-Ming Fan
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Wendell W Tang
- Department of Pathology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130, USA
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Biostatistics Facility of RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Biostatistics Facility of RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Alun R Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Brian G Rowan
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Tulane Cancer Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Steven M Hill
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Tulane Cancer Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Oliver Sartor
- Tulane Cancer Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Department of Urology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Asim B Abdel-Mageed
- Tulane Cancer Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Department of Urology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Leann Myers
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qishan Lin
- Proteomics/Mass Spectrometry Facility, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Zongbing You
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Tulane Cancer Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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24
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Deng SL, Wang ZP, Jin C, Kang XL, Batool A, Zhang Y, Li XY, Wang XX, Chen SR, Chang CS, Cheng CY, Lian ZX, Liu YX. Melatonin promotes sheep Leydig cell testosterone secretion in a co-culture with Sertoli cells. Theriogenology 2017; 106:170-177. [PMID: 29073541 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Leydig cells synthesize and secrete testosterone, and are regulated by Sertoli cells. These two cell types may work together to regulate testicular androgen production. Studies have shown that Leydig cell androgen synthesis can be dramatically enhanced by Sertoli cells in the presence of melatonin, which can regulate the secretory function of Leydig and Sertoli cells. However, the molecular mechanism of melatonin-regulated Leydig cell androgen production via Sertoli cells remains unclear. Here, we found that 10-7 M melatonin increased testosterone production in co-cultured Leydig and Sertoli cells isolated from sheep. Melatonin increased the expression of stem cell factor and insulin-like growth factor-1 and decreased estrogen synthesis in Sertoli cells. Melatonin promoted insulin-like growth factor-1 and decreased estrogen content via the membrane melatonin receptor 1. It also enhanced stem cell factor expression via the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha. Addition of PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, to Sertoli cell culture demonstrated that the melatonin upregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 and downregulation of estrogen may be through the MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. Together, these results suggest that melatonin may function through modulating melatonin receptor 1-regulated insulin-like growth factor-1 expression, as well as melatonin receptor 1-induced suppression of estrogen synthesis to increase androgen production in co-cultured Leydig and Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Long Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Cheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Xiao-Long Kang
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Aalia Batool
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Xiu-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Su-Ren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Chawn-Shang Chang
- George Whipple Laboratory for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, The Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - C Yan Cheng
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Yi-Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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25
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Romo-Nava F, Buijs FN, Valdés-Tovar M, Benítez-King G, Basualdo M, Perusquía M, Heinze G, Escobar C, Buijs RM. Olanzapine-induced early cardiovascular effects are mediated by the biological clock and prevented by melatonin. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 28226198 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Second generation antipsychotics (SGA) are associated with adverse cardiometabolic side effects contributing to premature mortality in patients. While mechanisms mediating these cardiometabolic side effects remain poorly understood, three independent studies recently demonstrated that melatonin was protective against cardiometabolic risk in SGA-treated patients. As one of the main target areas of circulating melatonin in the brain is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), we hypothesized that the SCN is involved in SGA-induced early cardiovascular effects in Wistar rats. We evaluated the acute effects of olanzapine and melatonin in the biological clock, paraventricular nucleus and autonomic nervous system using immunohistochemistry, invasive cardiovascular measurements, and Western blot. Olanzapine induced c-Fos immunoreactivity in the SCN followed by the paraventricular nucleus and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus indicating a potent induction of parasympathetic tone. The involvement of a SCN-parasympathetic neuronal pathway after olanzapine administration was further documented using cholera toxin-B retrograde tracing and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunohistochemistry. Olanzapine-induced decrease in blood pressure and heart rate confirmed this. Melatonin abolished olanzapine-induced SCN c-Fos immunoreactivity, including the parasympathetic pathway and cardiovascular effects while brain areas associated with olanzapine beneficial effects including the striatum, ventral tegmental area, and nucleus accumbens remained activated. In the SCN, olanzapine phosphorylated the GSK-3β, a regulator of clock activity, which melatonin prevented. Bilateral lesions of the SCN prevented the effects of olanzapine on parasympathetic activity. Collectively, results demonstrate the SCN as a key region mediating the early effects of olanzapine on cardiovascular function and show melatonin has opposing and potentially protective effects warranting additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Romo-Nava
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México city, DF, México
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, México city, DF, México
- Division of Bipolar Disorder Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Frederik N Buijs
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México city, DF, México
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, BA, The Netherlands
| | - Marcela Valdés-Tovar
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México city, DF, México
| | - Gloria Benítez-King
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México city, DF, México
| | - MariCarmen Basualdo
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México city, DF, México
| | - Mercedes Perusquía
- Endocrinology of Reproduction Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM, México city, DF, México
| | - Gerhard Heinze
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, México city, DF, México
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, México city, DF, México
| | - Ruud M Buijs
- Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Laboratory, Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México city, DF, México
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26
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Reiter RJ, Rosales-Corral SA, Tan DX, Acuna-Castroviejo D, Qin L, Yang SF, Xu K. Melatonin, a Full Service Anti-Cancer Agent: Inhibition of Initiation, Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E843. [PMID: 28420185 PMCID: PMC5412427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is highly credible evidence that melatonin mitigates cancer at the initiation, progression and metastasis phases. In many cases, the molecular mechanisms underpinning these inhibitory actions have been proposed. What is rather perplexing, however, is the large number of processes by which melatonin reportedly restrains cancer development and growth. These diverse actions suggest that what is being observed are merely epiphenomena of an underlying more fundamental action of melatonin that remains to be disclosed. Some of the arresting actions of melatonin on cancer are clearly membrane receptor-mediated while others are membrane receptor-independent and involve direct intracellular actions of this ubiquitously-distributed molecule. While the emphasis of melatonin/cancer research has been on the role of the indoleamine in restraining breast cancer, this is changing quickly with many cancer types having been shown to be susceptible to inhibition by melatonin. There are several facets of this research which could have immediate applications at the clinical level. Many studies have shown that melatonin's co-administration improves the sensitivity of cancers to inhibition by conventional drugs. Even more important are the findings that melatonin renders cancers previously totally resistant to treatment sensitive to these same therapies. Melatonin also inhibits molecular processes associated with metastasis by limiting the entrance of cancer cells into the vascular system and preventing them from establishing secondary growths at distant sites. This is of particular importance since cancer metastasis often significantly contributes to death of the patient. Another area that deserves additional consideration is related to the capacity of melatonin in reducing the toxic consequences of anti-cancer drugs while increasing their efficacy. Although this information has been available for more than a decade, it has not been adequately exploited at the clinical level. Even if the only beneficial actions of melatonin in cancer patients are its ability to attenuate acute and long-term drug toxicity, melatonin should be used to improve the physical wellbeing of the patients. The experimental findings, however, suggest that the advantages of using melatonin as a co-treatment with conventional cancer therapies would far exceed improvements in the wellbeing of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Sergio A Rosales-Corral
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico.
| | - Dun-Xian Tan
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | | | - Lilan Qin
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan, Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Kexin Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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27
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Meng X, Li Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Gan RY, Xu DP, Li HB. Dietary Sources and Bioactivities of Melatonin. Nutrients 2017; 9:E367. [PMID: 28387721 PMCID: PMC5409706 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia is a serious worldwide health threat, affecting nearly one third of the general population. Melatonin has been reported to improve sleep efficiency and it was found that eating melatonin-rich foods could assist sleep. During the last decades, melatonin has been widely identified and qualified in various foods from fungi to animals and plants. Eggs and fish are higher melatonin-containing food groups in animal foods, whereas in plant foods, nuts are with the highest content of melatonin. Some kinds of mushrooms, cereals and germinated legumes or seeds are also good dietary sources of melatonin. It has been proved that the melatonin concentration in human serum could significantly increase after the consumption of melatonin containing food. Furthermore, studies show that melatonin exhibits many bioactivities, such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory characteristics, boosting immunity, anticancer activity, cardiovascular protection, anti-diabetic, anti-obese, neuroprotective and anti-aging activity. This review summaries the dietary sources and bioactivities of melatonin, with special attention paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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28
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Jope RS, Cheng Y, Lowell JA, Worthen RJ, Sitbon YH, Beurel E. Stressed and Inflamed, Can GSK3 Be Blamed? Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:180-192. [PMID: 27876551 PMCID: PMC5336482 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Psychological stress has a pervasive influence on our lives. In many cases adapting to stress strengthens organisms, but chronic or severe stress is usually harmful. One surprising outcome of psychological stress is the activation of an inflammatory response that resembles inflammation caused by infection or trauma. Excessive psychological stress and the consequential inflammation in the brain can increase susceptibility to psychiatric diseases, such as depression, and impair learning and memory, including in some patients with cognitive deficits. An emerging target to control detrimental outcomes of stress and inflammation is glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3). GSK3 promotes inflammation, partly by regulating key transcription factors in the inflammation signaling pathway, and GSK3 can impair learning by promoting inflammation and by inhibiting long-term potentiation (LTP). Drugs inhibiting GSK3 may prove beneficial for controlling mood and cognitive impairments caused by excessive stress and the associated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Jope
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Yuyan Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Lowell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ryan J Worthen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yoel H Sitbon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Eleonore Beurel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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29
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Xin L, Zhang H, Du X, Li Y, Li M, Wang L, Wang H, Qiu L, Song L. The systematic regulation of oyster CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5 in response to air exposure. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 63:144-155. [PMID: 27268575 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a proinflammatory cytokine, vertebrate interleukin 17 (IL17) plays a vital role in the balance of inflammation and homeostasis, and is involved in a systemic regulation of glucose homeostasis. In the present study, a remarkable increase of glucose concentration was observed in oyster serum after 2 d air exposure, which was followed by a rapid up-regulation of CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5. After oysters was received an injection of extra glucose, the mRNA expressions of CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5 were also significantly up-regulated. The histopathological changes of hepatopancreas were observed after the oysters were treated by the recombinant proteins of CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5 in vivo or subjected to air exposure. A significant decrease of GSK3β (Glycogen synthase kinase-3β) protein was also observed after the injection of CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5 recombinant proteins in vivo. When the oysters with CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5 genes knocked down were subjected to air exposure, the decline of GSK3β concentration was slowed down and it could still be obviously detected after 7 d compared with that in the control. Meanwhile, the expression of CgDefensin and CgDFFA was inhibited, while CgIAP was up-regulated when CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5 genes were knocked down, and the oysters exhibited higher mortality (p < 0.05) at 3 d, whereas lower at the late stage of air exposure compared with that in the controls. The results collectively suggested that once oysters were exposed to air, the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines CgIL17-1 and CgIL17-5 was induced by the up-regulated glucose concentration in oyster serum, which would be not only a negative feedback to the high glucose concentration through mediating the regulation of GSK3β, but also an inducer on tissue damage and immunocompetence as well as the adaptability to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusheng Xin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinyu Du
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yiqun Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meijia Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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30
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González-Candia A, Veliz M, Araya C, Quezada S, Ebensperger G, Serón-Ferré M, Reyes RV, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Potential adverse effects of antenatal melatonin as a treatment for intrauterine growth restriction: findings in pregnant sheep. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215:245.e1-7. [PMID: 26902986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction is a condition in which the fetus has a birthweight and/or length <10th percentile for the gestational age. Intrauterine growth restriction can be associated with various causes, among which is low uteroplacental perfusion and chronic hypoxia during gestation. Often, intrauterine growth-restricted fetuses have increased oxidative stress; therefore, agents that decrease oxidative stress and increase utero, placental, and umbilical perfusion have been proposed as a beneficial therapeutic strategy. In this scenario, melatonin acts as an umbilical vasodilator and a potent antioxidant that has not been evaluated in pregnancies under chronic hypoxia that induce fetal growth restriction. However, this neurohormone has been proposed as a pharmacologic therapy for complicated pregnancies. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the effects of prenatal administration of melatonin during the last trimester of pregnancy on the biometry of the growth-restricted lambs because of developmental hypoxia. Further, we aimed to determine melatonin and cortisol levels and oxidative stress markers in plasma of pregnant ewes during the treatment. STUDY DESIGN High-altitude pregnant sheep received either vehicle (n = 5; 5 mL 1.4% ethanol) or melatonin (n = 7; 10 mg/kg(-1)day(-1) in 5 mL 1.4% ethanol) daily during the last one-third of gestation. Maternal plasma levels of melatonin, cortisol, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress were determined along treatment. At birth, neonates were examined, weighed, and measured (biparietal diameter, abdominal diameter, and crown-rump length). RESULTS Antenatal treatment with melatonin markedly decreased neonatal biometry and weight at birth. Additionally, melatonin treatment increased the length of gestation by 7.5% and shifted the time of delivery. Furthermore, the prenatal treatment doubled plasma levels of melatonin and cortisol and significantly improved the antioxidant capacity of the pregnant ewes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that antenatal melatonin induces further intrauterine growth restriction but improves the maternal plasma antioxidant capacity. Additional studies should address the efficiency and safety of antenatal melatonin before clinical attempts on humans.
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de Munnik SM, van der Lee R, Velders DM, van Offenbeek J, Smits-de Vries L, Leurs R, Smit MJ, Vischer HF. The viral G protein-coupled receptor ORF74 unmasks phospholipase C signaling of the receptor tyrosine kinase IGF-1R. Cell Signal 2016; 28:595-605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dauchy RT, Wren-Dail MA, Hoffman AE, Hanifin JP, Warfield B, Brainard GC, Hill SM, Belancio VP, Dauchy EM, Blask DE. Effects of Daytime Exposure to Light from Blue-Enriched Light-Emitting Diodes on the Nighttime Melatonin Amplitude and Circadian Regulation of Rodent Metabolism and Physiology. Comp Med 2016; 66:373-383. [PMID: 27780004 PMCID: PMC5073062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Regular cycles of exposure to light and dark control pineal melatonin production and temporally coordinate circadian rhythms of metabolism and physiology in mammals. Previously we demonstrated that the peak circadian amplitude of nocturnal blood melatonin levels of rats were more than 6-fold higher after exposure to cool white fluorescent (CWF) light through blue-tinted (compared with clear) rodent cages. Here, we evaluated the effects of light-phase exposure of rats to white light-emitting diodes (LED), which emit light rich in the blue-appearing portion of the visible spectrum (465-485 nm), compared with standard broadspectrum CWF light, on melatonin levels during the subsequent dark phase and on plasma measures of metabolism and physiology. Compared with those in male rats under a 12:12-h light:dark cycle in CWF light, peak plasma melatonin levels at the middark phase (time, 2400) in rats under daytime LED light were over 7-fold higher, whereas midlight phase levels (1200) were low in both groups. Food and water intakes, body growth rate, and total fatty acid content of major metabolic tissues were markedly lower, whereas protein content was higher, in the LED group compared with CWF group. Circadian rhythms of arterial plasma levels of total fatty acids, glucose, lactic acid, pO2, pCO2, insulin, leptin, and corticosterone were generally lower in LED-exposed rats. Therefore, daytime exposure of rats to LED light with high blue emissions has a marked positive effect on the circadian regulation of neuroendocrine, metabolic, and physiologic parameters associated with the promotion of animal health and wellbeing and thus may influence scientific outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Dauchy
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Melissa A Wren-Dail
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aaron E Hoffman
- Departments of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John P Hanifin
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Warfield
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George C Brainard
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven M Hill
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Victoria P Belancio
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erin M Dauchy
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David E Blask
- Departments of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, USA
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Chen SJ, Huang SH, Chen JW, Wang KC, Yang YR, Liu PF, Lin GJ, Sytwu HK. Melatonin enhances interleukin-10 expression and suppresses chemotaxis to inhibit inflammation in situ and reduce the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 31:169-77. [PMID: 26735612 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is the major product secreted by the pineal gland at night and displays multifunctional properties, including immunomodulatory functions. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of melatonin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We demonstrated that melatonin exhibits a therapeutic role by ameliorating the clinical severity and restricting the infiltration of inflammatory Th17 cells into the CNS of mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced EAE. Furthermore, melatonin enhances splenic interleukin (IL)-10 expression in regulatory T cells by inducing IL-27 expression in the splenic DC; it also suppresses the expression of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-6, and CCL20 in the CNS and inhibits antigen-specific T cell proliferation. However, there were no significant differences in the percentage of splenic regulatory T cells. These data provide the first evidence that the therapeutic administration of melatonin is effective in mice with EAE and modulates adaptive immunity centrally and peripherally. Thus, we suggest that melatonin could play an adjunct therapeutic role in treating human CNS autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Melatonin merits further studies in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyi-Jou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Rong Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Fang Liu
- Pediatric Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gu-Jiun Lin
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Dauchy RT, Hoffman AE, Wren-Dail MA, Hanifin JP, Warfield B, Brainard GC, Xiang S, Yuan L, Hill SM, Belancio VP, Dauchy EM, Smith K, Blask DE. Daytime Blue Light Enhances the Nighttime Circadian Melatonin Inhibition of Human Prostate Cancer Growth. Comp Med 2015; 65:473-85. [PMID: 26678364 PMCID: PMC4681241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Light controls pineal melatonin production and temporally coordinates circadian rhythms of metabolism and physiology in normal and neoplastic tissues. We previously showed that peak circulating nocturnal melatonin levels were 7-fold higher after daytime spectral transmittance of white light through blue-tinted (compared with clear) rodent cages. Here, we tested the hypothesis that daytime blue-light amplification of nocturnal melatonin enhances the inhibition of metabolism, signaling activity, and growth of prostate cancer xenografts. Compared with male nude rats housed in clear cages under a 12:12-h light:dark cycle, rats in blue-tinted cages (with increased transmittance of 462-484 nm and decreased red light greater than 640 nm) evinced over 6-fold higher peak plasma melatonin levels at middark phase (time, 2400), whereas midlight-phase levels (1200) were low (less than 3 pg/mL) in both groups. Circadian rhythms of arterial plasma levels of linoleic acid, glucose, lactic acid, pO2, pCO2, insulin, leptin, and corticosterone were disrupted in rats in blue cages as compared with the corresponding entrained rhythms in clear-caged rats. After implantation with tissue-isolated PC3 human prostate cancer xenografts, tumor latency-to-onset of growth and growth rates were markedly delayed, and tumor cAMP levels, uptake-metabolism of linoleic acid, aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect), and growth signaling activities were reduced in rats in blue compared with clear cages. These data show that the amplification of nighttime melatonin levels by exposing nude rats to blue light during the daytime significantly reduces human prostate cancer metabolic, signaling, and proliferative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Dauchy
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA.
| | - Aaron E Hoffman
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Melissa A Wren-Dail
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - John P Hanifin
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Warfield
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George C Brainard
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shulin Xiang
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Steven M Hill
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Victoria P Belancio
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Erin M Dauchy
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kara Smith
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
| | - David E Blask
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, USA
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Zhang H, Sun J, Ye J, Ashraf U, Chen Z, Zhu B, He W, Xu Q, Wei Y, Chen H, Fu ZF, Liu R, Cao S. Quantitative Label-Free Phosphoproteomics Reveals Differentially Regulated Protein Phosphorylation Involved in West Nile Virus-Induced Host Inflammatory Response. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:5157-68. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhen F. Fu
- Department
of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Chen C, Zhang Q, Liu S, Parajuli KR, Qu Y, Mei J, Chen Z, Zhang H, Khismatullin DB, You Z. IL-17 and insulin/IGF1 enhance adhesion of prostate cancer cells to vascular endothelial cells through CD44-VCAM-1 interaction. Prostate 2015; 75:883-95. [PMID: 25683512 PMCID: PMC4405436 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extravasation is a critical step in cancer metastasis, in which adhesion of intravascular cancer cells to the vascular endothelial cells is controlled by cell surface adhesion molecules. The role of interleukin-17 (IL-17), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) in adhesion of prostate cancer cells to the vascular endothelial cells is unknown, which is the subject of the present study. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, DU-145, LNCaP, and C4-2B) were analyzed for expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), integrins, and cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. The effects of IL-17, insulin, and IGF1 on VCAM-1 expression and adhesion of prostate cancer cells to HUVECs were examined. The interaction of VCAM-1 and CD44 was assessed using immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS Insulin and IGF1 acted with IL-17 to increase VCAM-1 expression in HUVECs. PC-3, DU-145, LNCaP, and C4-2B cells expressed β1 integrin but not α4 integrin. CD44 was expressed by PC-3 and DU-145 cells but not by LNCaP or C4-2B cells. When HUVECs were treated with IL-17, insulin or IGF1, particularly with a combination of IL-17 and insulin (or IGF1), adhesion of PC-3 and DU-145 cells to HUVECs was significantly increased. In contrast, adhesion of LNCaP and C4-2B cells to HUVECs was not affected by treatment of HUVECs with IL-17 and/or insulin/IGF1. CD44 expressed in PC-3 cells physically bound to VCAM-1 expressed in HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS CD44-VCAM-1 interaction mediates the adhesion between prostate cancer cells and HUVECs. IL-17 and insulin/IGF1 enhance adhesion of prostate cancer cells to vascular endothelial cells through increasing VCAM-1 expression in the vascular endothelial cells. These findings suggest that IL-17 may act with insulin/IGF1 to promote prostate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Keshab R. Parajuli
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Yine Qu
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei United University School of Basic Medicine, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiandong Mei
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei United University, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Department of Gynecology, the Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical College, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Damir B. Khismatullin
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Zongbing You
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Corresponding Author: Zongbing You, Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave mailbox 8649, New Orleans, LA 70112; Phone: 504-988-0467; FAX: 504-988-1687;
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Xie Z, Qu Y, Leng Y, Sun W, Ma S, Wei J, Hu J, Zhang X. Human colon carcinogenesis is associated with increased interleukin-17-driven inflammatory responses. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:1679-89. [PMID: 25834404 PMCID: PMC4370916 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s79431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is known to contribute to carcinogenesis in human colorectal cancer. Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17 or IL-17A) has been shown to play a critical role in colon carcinogenesis in mouse models. However, few studies have investigated IL-17A in human colon tissues. In the present study, we assessed IL-17-driven inflammatory responses in 17 cases of human colon adenocarcinomas, 16 cases of human normal colon tissues adjacent to the resected colon adenocarcinomas, ten cases of human ulcerative colitis tissues from biopsies, and eight cases of human colon polyps diagnosed as benign adenomas. We found that human colon adenocarcinomas contained the highest levels of IL-17A cytokine, which was significantly higher than the IL-17A levels in the adenomas, ulcerative colitis, and normal colon tissues (P<0.01). The levels of IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) were also the highest in human colon adenocarcinomas, followed by adenomas and ulcerative colitis. The increased levels of IL-17A and IL-17RA were accompanied with increased IL-17-driven inflammatory responses, including activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways, increase in expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9, MMP7, MMP2, B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2), and cyclin D1, decrease in Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) expression, and increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) expression that were associated with increased angiogenesis. These findings suggest that IL-17 and its signaling pathways appear as promising new targets in the design and development of drugs for cancer prevention and treatment, particularly in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yine Qu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei United University School of Basic Medicine, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Leng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei United University School of Basic Medicine, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei United University School of Basic Medicine, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei United University School of Basic Medicine, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei United University School of Basic Medicine, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangong Hu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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Parajuli KR, Zhang Q, Liu S, Patel NK, Lu H, Zeng SX, Wang G, Zhang C, You Z. Methoxyacetic acid suppresses prostate cancer cell growth by inducing growth arrest and apoptosis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2014; 2:300-312. [PMID: 25606576 PMCID: PMC4297326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Methoxyacetic acid (MAA) is a primary metabolite of ester phthalates that are used in production of consumer products and pharmaceutical products. MAA causes embryo malformation and spermatocyte death through inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Little is known about MAA's effects on cancer cells. In this study, two immortalized human normal prostatic epithelial cell lines (RWPE-1 and pRNS-1-1) and four human prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2B, PC-3, and DU-145) were treated with MAA at different doses and for different time periods. Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis were performed using flow cytometry and chemical assays. Gene expression and binding to DNA were assessed using real-time PCR, Western blot, and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses. We found that MAA dose-dependently inhibited prostate cancer cell growth through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. MAA-induced apoptosis was due to down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic gene baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis protein repeat containing 2 (BIRC2, also named cIAP1), leading to activation of caspases 7 and 3 and turning on the downstream apoptotic events. MAA-induced cell cycle arrest (mainly G1 arrest) was due to up-regulation of p21 expression at the early time and down-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK2 expression at the late time. MAA up-regulated p21 expression through inhibition of HDAC activities, independently of p53/p63/p73. These findings demonstrate that MAA suppresses prostate cancer cell growth by inducing growth arrest and apoptosis, which suggests that MAA could be used as a potential therapeutic drug for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshab R Parajuli
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Neil K Patel
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of LouisianaNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Changde Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of LouisianaNew Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zongbing You
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane UniversityNew Orleans, LA, USA
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Chen C, Zhang Q, Liu S, Lambrechts M, Qu Y, You Z. AZD5363 Inhibits Inflammatory Synergy between Interleukin-17 and Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1. Front Oncol 2014; 4:343. [PMID: 25520943 PMCID: PMC4249256 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the United States, one-third of population is affected by obesity and almost 29 million people are suffering from type 2 diabetes. Obese people have elevated serum levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and interleukin-17 (IL-17). Insulin and IGF1 are known to enhance IL-17-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which may contribute to the chronic inflammatory status observed in obese people. We have previously demonstrated that insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway crosstalks with IL-17-activated nuclear factor-κB pathway through inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity. However, it is unclear whether GSK3α also plays a role and whether this crosstalk can be manipulated by AZD5363, a novel pan-Akt inhibitor that has been shown to increase glycogen synthase kinase 3 activity through reducing phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β. In this study, we investigated IL-17-induced expression of C-X-C motif ligand 1 (Cxcl1), C-C motif ligand 20 (Ccl20), and interleukin-6 (Il-6) in wild-type, GSK3α−/−, and GSK3β−/− mouse embryonic fibroblast cells as well as in mouse prostate tissues by real-time quantitative PCR. We examined the proteins involved in the signaling pathways by Western blot analysis. We found that insulin and IGF1 enhanced IL-17-induced expression of Cxcl1, Ccl20, and Il-6, which was associated with increased phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β in the presence of insulin and IGF1. AZD5363 inhibited the synergy between IL-17 and insulin/IGF1 through reducing phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β by inhibiting Akt function. These findings imply that the cooperative crosstalk of IL-17 and insulin/IGF1 in initiating inflammatory responses may be alleviated by AZD5363.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA
| | - Mark Lambrechts
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA
| | - Yine Qu
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA ; Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei United University School of Basic Medicine , Tangshan, Hebei Province , China
| | - Zongbing You
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA ; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane Cancer Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, Tulane Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, LA , USA
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Fu L, Yu Z, Chen YH, Xia MZ, Wang H, Zhang C, Tao FB, Xu DX. Orally administered melatonin prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced neural tube defects in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113763. [PMID: 25420102 PMCID: PMC4242665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been associated with adverse pregnant outcomes, including fetal demise, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), neural tube defects (NTDs) and preterm delivery in rodent animals. Previous studies demonstrated that melatonin protected against LPS-induced fetal demise, IUGR and preterm delivery. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on LPS-induced NTDs. All pregnant mice except controls were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (25 µg/kg) daily from gestational day (GD)8 to GD12. Some pregnant mice were orally administered with melatonin (MT, 50 mg/kg) before each LPS injection. A five-day LPS injection resulted in 27.5% of fetuses with anencephaly, exencephaly or encephalomeningocele. Additional experiment showed that maternal LPS exposure significantly down-regulated placental proton-coupled folate transporter (pcft) and disturbed folate transport from maternal circulation through the placentas into the fetus. Interestingly, melatonin significantly attenuated LPS-induced down-regulation of placental pcft. Moreover, melatonin markedly improved the transport of folate from maternal circulation through the placentas into the fetus. Correspondingly, orally administered melatonin reduced the incidence of LPS-induced anencephaly, exencephaly or encephalomeningocele. Taken together, these results suggest that orally administered melatonin prevents LPS-induced NTDs through alleviating LPS-induced disturbance of folate transport from maternal circulation through the placenta into the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mi-Zhen Xia
- School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail: (FBT); (DXX)
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail: (FBT); (DXX)
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Jenwitheesuk A, Nopparat C, Mukda S, Wongchitrat P, Govitrapong P. Melatonin regulates aging and neurodegeneration through energy metabolism, epigenetics, autophagy and circadian rhythm pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:16848-84. [PMID: 25247581 PMCID: PMC4200827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is linked to certain types of neurodegenerative diseases and identifying new therapeutic targets has become critical. Melatonin, a pineal hormone, associates with molecules and signaling pathways that sense and influence energy metabolism, autophagy, and circadian rhythms, including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), Forkhead box O (FoxOs), sirtuins and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. This review summarizes the current understanding of how melatonin, together with molecular, cellular and systemic energy metabolisms, regulates epigenetic processes in the neurons. This information will lead to a greater understanding of molecular epigenetic aging of the brain and anti-aging mechanisms to increase lifespan under healthy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anorut Jenwitheesuk
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Chutikorn Nopparat
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Sujira Mukda
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Prapimpun Wongchitrat
- Center for Innovation Development and Technology Transfer, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Piyarat Govitrapong
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpathom 73170, Thailand.
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Doublecortin may play a role in defining chondrocyte phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:6941-60. [PMID: 24758934 PMCID: PMC4013671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15046941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic development of articular cartilage has not been well understood and the role of doublecortin (DCX) in determination of chondrocyte phenotype is unknown. Here, we use a DCX promoter-driven eGFP reporter mouse model to study the dynamic gene expression profiles in mouse embryonic handplates at E12.5 to E13.5 when the condensed mesenchymal cells differentiate into either endochondral chondrocytes or joint interzone cells. Illumina microarray analysis identified a variety of genes that were expressed differentially in the different regions of mouse handplate. The unique expression patterns of many genes were revealed. Cytl1 and 3110032G18RIK were highly expressed in the proximal region of E12.5 handplate and the carpal region of E13.5 handplate, whereas Olfr538, Kctd15, and Cited1 were highly expressed in the distal region of E12.5 and the metacarpal region of E13.5 handplates. There was an increasing gradient of Hrc expression in the proximal to distal direction in E13.5 handplate. Furthermore, when human DCX protein was expressed in human adipose stem cells, collagen II was decreased while aggrecan, matrilin 2, and GDF5 were increased during the 14-day pellet culture. These findings suggest that DCX may play a role in defining chondrocyte phenotype.
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