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Freet CS, Evans B, Brick TR, Deneke E, Wasserman EJ, Ballard SM, Stankoski DM, Kong L, Raja-Khan N, Nyland JE, Arnold AC, Krishnamurthy VB, Fernandez-Mendoza J, Cleveland HH, Scioli AD, Molchanow A, Messner AE, Ayaz H, Grigson PS, Bunce SC. Ecological momentary assessment and cue-elicited drug craving as primary endpoints: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial testing the efficacy of a GLP-1 receptor agonist in opioid use disorder. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2024; 19:56. [PMID: 39061093 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-024-00481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite continuing advancements in treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD), continued high rates of relapse indicate the need for more effective approaches, including novel pharmacological interventions. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) provide a promising avenue as a non-opioid medication for the treatment of OUD. Whereas GLP-1RAs have shown promise as a treatment for alcohol and nicotine use disorders, to date, no controlled clinical trials have been conducted to determine if a GLP-1RA can reduce craving in individuals with OUD. The purpose of the current protocol was to evaluate the potential for a GLP-1RA, liraglutide, to safely and effectively reduce craving in an OUD population in residential treatment. METHOD This preliminary study was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to test the safety and efficacy of the GLP-1RA, liraglutide, in 40 participants in residential treatment for OUD. Along with taking a range of safety measures, efficacy for cue-induced craving was evaluated prior to (Day 1) and following (Day 19) treatment using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in response to a cue reactivity task during functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and for craving. Efficacy of treatment for ambient craving was assessed using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) prior to (Study Day 1), across (Study Days 2-19), and following (Study Days 20-21) residential treatment. DISCUSSION This manuscript describes a protocol to collect clinical data on the safety and efficacy of a GLP-1RA, liraglutide, during residential treatment of persons with OUD, laying the groundwork for further evaluation in a larger, outpatient OUD population. Improved understanding of innovative, non-opioid based treatments for OUD will have the potential to inform community-based interventions and health policy, assist physicians and health care professionals in the treatment of persons with OUD, and to support individuals with OUD in their effort to live a healthy life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04199728. Registered 16 December 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04199728?term=NCT04199728 . PROTOCOL VERSION 10 May 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Freet
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Brianna Evans
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Timothy R Brick
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Erin Deneke
- Fran and Doug Tieman Center for Research, Caron Treatment Centers, Wernersville, PA, USA
| | - Emily J Wasserman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sarah M Ballard
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dean M Stankoski
- Fran and Doug Tieman Center for Research, Caron Treatment Centers, Wernersville, PA, USA
| | - Lan Kong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nazia Raja-Khan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Nyland
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Amy C Arnold
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Venkatesh Basappa Krishnamurthy
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Julio Fernandez-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - H Harrington Cleveland
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Adam D Scioli
- Fran and Doug Tieman Center for Research, Caron Treatment Centers, Wernersville, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patricia S Grigson
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Scott C Bunce
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
- Penn State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, H073, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA.
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Xu E, Vanegas M, Mireles M, Dementyev A, Yucel M, Carp S, Fang Q. Flexible-circuit-based 3-D aware modular optical brain imaging system for high-density measurements in natural settings. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.01.24302838. [PMID: 38496598 PMCID: PMC10942511 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.01.24302838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Significance Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) presents an opportunity to study human brains in everyday activities and environments. However, achieving robust measurements under such dynamic condition remains a significant challenge. Aim The modular optical brain imaging (MOBI) system is designed to enhance optode-to-scalp coupling and provide real-time probe 3-D shape estimation to improve the use of fNIRS in everyday conditions. Approach The MOBI system utilizes a bendable and lightweight modular circuit-board design to enhance probe conformity to head surfaces and comfort for long-term wearability. Combined with automatic module connection recognition, the built-in orientation sensors on each module can be used to estimate optode 3-D positions in real-time to enable advanced tomographic data analysis and motion tracking. Results Optical characterization of the MOBI detector reports a noise equivalence power (NEP) of 8.9 and 7.3 pW / H z at 735 nm and 850 nm, respectively, with a dynamic range of 88 dB. The 3-D optode shape acquisition yields an average error of 4.2 mm across 25 optodes in a phantom test compared to positions acquired from a digitizer. Results for initial in vivo validations, including a cuff occlusion and a finger-tapping test, are also provided. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, the MOBI system is the first modular fNIRS system featuring fully flexible circuit boards. The self-organizing module sensor network and automatic 3-D optode position acquisition, combined with lightweight modules (18 g/module) and ergonomic designs, would greatly aid emerging explorations of brain function in naturalistic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Xu
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, USA, 02115
| | - Morris Vanegas
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, USA, 02115
| | - Miguel Mireles
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, USA, 02115
| | - Artem Dementyev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Media Lab, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, USA, 02139
| | - Meryem Yucel
- Boston University, Neurophotonics Center, 233 Bay State Road, Boston, USA, 02215
| | - Stefan Carp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, 149 13th St, Boston, USA, 02129
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, USA, 02115
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Barreto C, Curtin A, Topoglu Y, Day-Watkins J, Garvin B, Foster G, Ormanoglu Z, Sheridan E, Connell J, Bennett D, Heffler K, Ayaz H. Prefrontal Cortex Responses to Social Video Stimuli in Young Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. Brain Sci 2024; 14:503. [PMID: 38790481 PMCID: PMC11119834 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting individuals worldwide and characterized by deficits in social interaction along with the presence of restricted interest and repetitive behaviors. Despite decades of behavioral research, little is known about the brain mechanisms that influence social behaviors among children with ASD. This, in part, is due to limitations of traditional imaging techniques specifically targeting pediatric populations. As a portable and scalable optical brain monitoring technology, functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides a measure of cerebral hemodynamics related to sensory, motor, or cognitive function. Here, we utilized fNIRS to investigate the prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity of young children with ASD and with typical development while they watched social and nonsocial video clips. The PFC activity of ASD children was significantly higher for social stimuli at medial PFC, which is implicated in social cognition/processing. Moreover, this activity was also consistently correlated with clinical measures, and higher activation of the same brain area only during social video viewing was associated with more ASD symptoms. This is the first study to implement a neuroergonomics approach to investigate cognitive load in response to realistic, complex, and dynamic audiovisual social stimuli for young children with and without autism. Our results further confirm that new generation of portable fNIRS neuroimaging can be used for ecologically valid measurements of the brain function of toddlers and preschool children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candida Barreto
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adrian Curtin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yigit Topoglu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Brigid Garvin
- St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA 19134, USA
| | - Grant Foster
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zuhal Ormanoglu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - James Connell
- School of Education, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David Bennett
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Karen Heffler
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Arruda T, Sinko L, Regier P, Tufanoglu A, Curtin A, Teitelman A, Ayaz H, Cronholm P, Childress AR. Exploring Social Impairment in Those with Opioid Use Disorder: Linking Impulsivity, Childhood Trauma, and the Prefrontal Cortex. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4202009. [PMID: 38659778 PMCID: PMC11042419 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4202009/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Background Challenges with social functioning, which is a hallmark of opioid use disorder (OUD), are a drawback in treatment adherence and maintenance. Yet, little research has explored the underlying mechanisms of this impairment. Impulsivity, a known risk factor for OUD, and corresponding neural alterations may be at the center of this issue. Childhood adversity, which has been linked to both impulsivity and poorer treatment outcomes, could also affect this relationship. This study aims to understand the relationship between impulsivity and social functioning in those recovering from OUD. Differences in the prefrontal cortex will be analyzed, as well as potential moderating effects of childhood trauma. Methods Participants with (N = 16) and without (N = 19) social impairment completed a survey (e.g., social functioning, Barrat's Impulsivity Scale, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and cognitive tasks while undergoing neuroimaging. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a modern, portable, wearable and low-cost neuroimaging technology, was used to measure prefrontal cortex activity during a behavioral inhibition task (Go/No-Go task). Results Those who social functioning survey scores indicated social impairment (n = 16) scored significantly higher on impulsivity scale (t(33)= -3.4, p < 0.01) and reported more depressive symptoms (t(33) = -2.8, p < 0.01) than those reporting no social impairment (n = 19). Social functioning was negatively correlated with impulsivity (r=-0.7, p < 0.001), such that increased impulsivity corresponded to decreased social functioning. Childhood trauma emerged as a moderator of this relationship, but only when controlling for the effects of depression, B=-0.11, p = 0.023. Although both groups had comparable Go/No-Go task performance, the socially impaired group displayed greater activation in the dorsolateral (F(1,100.8) = 7.89, p < 0.01), ventrolateral (F(1,88.8) = 7.33, p < 0.01), and ventromedial (F(1,95.6) = 7.56, p < 0.01) prefrontal cortex during impulse control. Conclusion In addition to being more impulsive, individuals with social impairment exhibited differential activation in the prefrontal cortex when controlling responses. Furthermore, the impact of impulsivity on social functioning varies depending on ACEs demonstrating that it must be considered in treatment approaches. These findings have implications for addressing social needs and impulsivity of those in recovery, highlighting the importance of a more personalized, integrative, and trauma-informed approach to intervention.
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Mark JA, Curtin A, Kraft AE, Ziegler MD, Ayaz H. Mental workload assessment by monitoring brain, heart, and eye with six biomedical modalities during six cognitive tasks. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2024; 5:1345507. [PMID: 38533517 PMCID: PMC10963413 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2024.1345507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The efficiency and safety of complex high precision human-machine systems such as in aerospace and robotic surgery are closely related to the cognitive readiness, ability to manage workload, and situational awareness of their operators. Accurate assessment of mental workload could help in preventing operator error and allow for pertinent intervention by predicting performance declines that can arise from either work overload or under stimulation. Neuroergonomic approaches based on measures of human body and brain activity collectively can provide sensitive and reliable assessment of human mental workload in complex training and work environments. Methods In this study, we developed a new six-cognitive-domain task protocol, coupling it with six biomedical monitoring modalities to concurrently capture performance and cognitive workload correlates across a longitudinal multi-day investigation. Utilizing two distinct modalities for each aspect of cardiac activity (ECG and PPG), ocular activity (EOG and eye-tracking), and brain activity (EEG and fNIRS), 23 participants engaged in four sessions over 4 weeks, performing tasks associated with working memory, vigilance, risk assessment, shifting attention, situation awareness, and inhibitory control. Results The results revealed varying levels of sensitivity to workload within each modality. While certain measures exhibited consistency across tasks, neuroimaging modalities, in particular, unveiled meaningful differences between task conditions and cognitive domains. Discussion This is the first comprehensive comparison of these six brain-body measures across multiple days and cognitive domains. The findings underscore the potential of wearable brain and body sensing methods for evaluating mental workload. Such comprehensive neuroergonomic assessment can inform development of next generation neuroadaptive interfaces and training approaches for more efficient human-machine interaction and operator skill acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse A. Mark
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adrian Curtin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amanda E. Kraft
- Advanced Technology Laboratories, Lockheed Martin, Arlington, VA, United States
| | - Matthias D. Ziegler
- Advanced Technology Laboratories, Lockheed Martin, Arlington, VA, United States
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- A. J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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da Silva Soares R, Ramirez-Chavez KL, Tufanoglu A, Barreto C, Sato JR, Ayaz H. Cognitive Effort during Visuospatial Problem Solving in Physical Real World, on Computer Screen, and in Virtual Reality. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:977. [PMID: 38339693 PMCID: PMC10857420 DOI: 10.3390/s24030977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Spatial cognition plays a crucial role in academic achievement, particularly in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) domains. Immersive virtual environments (VRs) have the growing potential to reduce cognitive load and improve spatial reasoning. However, traditional methods struggle to assess the mental effort required for visuospatial processes due to the difficulty in verbalizing actions and other limitations in self-reported evaluations. In this neuroergonomics study, we aimed to capture the neural activity associated with cognitive workload during visuospatial tasks and evaluate the impact of the visualization medium on visuospatial task performance. We utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) wearable neuroimaging to assess cognitive effort during spatial-reasoning-based problem-solving and compared a VR, a computer screen, and a physical real-world task presentation. Our results reveal a higher neural efficiency in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during 3D geometry puzzles in VR settings compared to the settings in the physical world and on the computer screen. VR appears to reduce the visuospatial task load by facilitating spatial visualization and providing visual cues. This makes it a valuable tool for spatial cognition training, especially for beginners. Additionally, our multimodal approach allows for progressively increasing task complexity, maintaining a challenge throughout training. This study underscores the potential of VR in developing spatial skills and highlights the value of comparing brain data and human interaction across different training settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo da Silva Soares
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- Center of Mathematics Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-405, Brazil;
| | - Kevin L. Ramirez-Chavez
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Altona Tufanoglu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Candida Barreto
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Center of Mathematics Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-405, Brazil;
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.L.R.-C.); (A.T.); (C.B.)
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Gado S, Lingelbach K, Wirzberger M, Vukelić M. Decoding Mental Effort in a Quasi-Realistic Scenario: A Feasibility Study on Multimodal Data Fusion and Classification. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6546. [PMID: 37514840 PMCID: PMC10383122 DOI: 10.3390/s23146546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Humans' performance varies due to the mental resources that are available to successfully pursue a task. To monitor users' current cognitive resources in naturalistic scenarios, it is essential to not only measure demands induced by the task itself but also consider situational and environmental influences. We conducted a multimodal study with 18 participants (nine female, M = 25.9 with SD = 3.8 years). In this study, we recorded respiratory, ocular, cardiac, and brain activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) while participants performed an adapted version of the warship commander task with concurrent emotional speech distraction. We tested the feasibility of decoding the experienced mental effort with a multimodal machine learning architecture. The architecture comprised feature engineering, model optimisation, and model selection to combine multimodal measurements in a cross-subject classification. Our approach reduces possible overfitting and reliably distinguishes two different levels of mental effort. These findings contribute to the prediction of different states of mental effort and pave the way toward generalised state monitoring across individuals in realistic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Gado
- Experimental Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Lingelbach
- Applied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Applied Neurocognitive Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maria Wirzberger
- Department of Teaching and Learning with Intelligent Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
- LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Vukelić
- Applied Neurocognitive Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Stress estimation by the prefrontal cortex asymmetry: Study on fNIRS signals. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:151-157. [PMID: 36627057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive technique frequently used to measure the brain hemodynamic activity in applications to evaluate affective disorders and stress. Using two wavelengths of light, it is possible to monitor relative changes in the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. Besides, the spatial asymmetry in the prefrontal cortex activity has been correlated with the brain response to stressful situations. METHODS We measured prefrontal cortex activity with a NIRS multi-distance device during a baseline period, under stressful conditions (e.g., social stress), and after a recovery phase. We calculated a laterality index for the contaminated brain signal and for the brain signal where we removed the influence of extracerebral hemodynamic activity by using a short channel. RESULTS There was a significant right lateralization during stress when using the contaminated signals, consistent with previous investigations, but this significant difference disappeared using the corrected signals. Indeed, exploration of the susceptibility to contamination of the different channels showed non-homogeneous spatial patterns, which would hint at detection of stress from extracerebral activity from the forehead. LIMITATIONS There was no recovery phase between the social and the arithmetic stressor, a cumulative effect was not considered. CONCLUSIONS Extracerebral hemodynamic activity provided insights into the pertinence of short channel corrections in fNIRS studies dealing with emotions. It is important to consider this issue in clinical applications including modern monitoring systems based on fNIRS technique to assess emotional states in affective disorders.
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Fatakdawala I, Ayaz H, Safati AB, Sakib MN, Hall PA. Effects of prefrontal theta burst stimulation on neuronal activity and subsequent eating behavior: an interleaved rTMS and fNIRS study. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:6146114. [PMID: 33615370 PMCID: PMC10074772 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) are both important nodes for self-control and decision-making but through separable processes (cognitive control vs evaluative processing). This study aimed to examine the effects of excitatory brain stimulation [intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS)] targeting the dlPFC and dmPFC on eating behavior. iTBS was hypothesized to decrease consumption of appetitive snack foods, via enhanced interference control for dlPFC stimulation and reduced delay discounting (DD) for dmPFC stimulation. Using a single-blinded, between-subjects design, participants (N = 43) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (i) iTBS targeting the left dlPFC, (ii) iTBS targeting bilateral dmPFC or (iii) sham. Participants then completed two cognitive tasks (DD and Flanker), followed by a bogus taste test. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy imaging revealed that increases in the medial prefrontal cortex activity were evident in the dmPFC stimulation group during the DD task; likewise, a neural efficiency effect was observed in the dlPFC stimulation group during the Flanker. Gender significantly moderated during the taste test, with females in the dmPFC showing paradoxical increases in food consumption compared to sham. Findings suggest that amplification of evaluative processing may facilitate eating indulgence when preponderant social cues are permissive and food is appetitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Fatakdawala
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, CA, ON, Canada
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adrian B Safati
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, CA, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad N Sakib
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, CA, ON, Canada
| | - Peter A Hall
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, CA, ON, Canada.,Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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da Silva Soares R, Ambriola Oku AY, Barreto CSF, Ricardo Sato J. Applying functional near-infrared spectroscopy and eye-tracking in a naturalistic educational environment to investigate physiological aspects that underlie the cognitive effort of children during mental rotation tests. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:889806. [PMID: 36072886 PMCID: PMC9442578 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.889806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial cognition is related to academic achievement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) domains. Neuroimaging studies suggest that brain regions' activation might be related to the general cognitive effort while solving mental rotation tasks (MRT). In this study, we evaluate the mental effort of children performing MRT tasks by measuring brain activation and pupil dilation. We use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) concurrently to collect brain hemodynamic responses from children's prefrontal cortex (PFC) and an Eye-tracking system to measure pupil dilation during MRT. Thirty-two healthy students aged 9-11 participated in this experiment. Behavioral measurements such as task performance on geometry problem-solving tests and MRT scores were also collected. The results were significant positive correlations between the children's MRT and geometry problem-solving test scores. There are also significant positive correlations between dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) hemodynamic signals and visuospatial task performances (MRT and geometry problem-solving scores). Moreover, we found significant activation in the amplitude of deoxy-Hb variation on the dlPFC and that pupil diameter increased during the MRT, suggesting that both physiological responses are related to mental effort processes during the visuospatial task. Our findings indicate that children with more mental effort under the task performed better. The multimodal approach to monitoring students' mental effort can be of great interest in providing objective feedback on cognitive resource conditions and advancing our comprehension of the neural mechanisms that underlie cognitive effort. Hence, the ability to detect two distinct mental states of rest or activation of children during the MRT could eventually lead to an application for investigating the visuospatial skills of young students using naturalistic educational paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo da Silva Soares
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Yumi Ambriola Oku
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Cândida S. F. Barreto
- South African National Research Foundation Research Chair, Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
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11
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Ayaz H, Baker WB, Blaney G, Boas DA, Bortfeld H, Brady K, Brake J, Brigadoi S, Buckley EM, Carp SA, Cooper RJ, Cowdrick KR, Culver JP, Dan I, Dehghani H, Devor A, Durduran T, Eggebrecht AT, Emberson LL, Fang Q, Fantini S, Franceschini MA, Fischer JB, Gervain J, Hirsch J, Hong KS, Horstmeyer R, Kainerstorfer JM, Ko TS, Licht DJ, Liebert A, Luke R, Lynch JM, Mesquida J, Mesquita RC, Naseer N, Novi SL, Orihuela-Espina F, O’Sullivan TD, Peterka DS, Pifferi A, Pollonini L, Sassaroli A, Sato JR, Scholkmann F, Spinelli L, Srinivasan VJ, St. Lawrence K, Tachtsidis I, Tong Y, Torricelli A, Urner T, Wabnitz H, Wolf M, Wolf U, Xu S, Yang C, Yodh AG, Yücel MA, Zhou W. Optical imaging and spectroscopy for the study of the human brain: status report. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:S24001. [PMID: 36052058 PMCID: PMC9424749 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.s2.s24001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This report is the second part of a comprehensive two-part series aimed at reviewing an extensive and diverse toolkit of novel methods to explore brain health and function. While the first report focused on neurophotonic tools mostly applicable to animal studies, here, we highlight optical spectroscopy and imaging methods relevant to noninvasive human brain studies. We outline current state-of-the-art technologies and software advances, explore the most recent impact of these technologies on neuroscience and clinical applications, identify the areas where innovation is needed, and provide an outlook for the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ayaz
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Drexel University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Wesley B. Baker
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Giles Blaney
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - David A. Boas
- Boston University Neurophotonics Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Heather Bortfeld
- University of California, Merced, Departments of Psychological Sciences and Cognitive and Information Sciences, Merced, California, United States
| | - Kenneth Brady
- Lurie Children’s Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Joshua Brake
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, Claremont, California, United States
| | - Sabrina Brigadoi
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Padua, Italy
| | - Erin M. Buckley
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Stefan A. Carp
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Robert J. Cooper
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, DOT-HUB, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kyle R. Cowdrick
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Joseph P. Culver
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Ippeita Dan
- Chuo University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hamid Dehghani
- University of Birmingham, School of Computer Science, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Devor
- Boston University, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Turgut Durduran
- ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adam T. Eggebrecht
- Washington University in St. Louis, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Lauren L. Emberson
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Maria Angela Franceschini
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jonas B. Fischer
- ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Gervain
- University of Padua, Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Padua, Italy
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Paris, France
| | - Joy Hirsch
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Comparative Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keum-Shik Hong
- Pusan National University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Qingdao University, School of Automation, Institute for Future, Qingdao, China
| | - Roarke Horstmeyer
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jana M. Kainerstorfer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Carnegie Mellon University, Neuroscience Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Tiffany S. Ko
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Daniel J. Licht
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neurology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Adam Liebert
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Luke
- Macquarie University, Department of Linguistics, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Macquarie University Hearing, Australia Hearing Hub, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer M. Lynch
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jaume Mesquida
- Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Critical Care Department, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Rickson C. Mesquita
- University of Campinas, Institute of Physics, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Noman Naseer
- Air University, Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sergio L. Novi
- University of Campinas, Institute of Physics, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Western University, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Thomas D. O’Sullivan
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Electrical Engineering, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States
| | - Darcy S. Peterka
- Columbia University, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behaviour Institute, New York, United States
| | | | - Luca Pollonini
- University of Houston, Department of Engineering Technology, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Federal University of ABC, Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Spinelli
- National Research Council (CNR), IFN – Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Milan, Italy
| | - Vivek J. Srinivasan
- University of California Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis, California, United States
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, New York, United States
- NYU Langone Health, Department of Radiology, New York, New York, United States
| | - Keith St. Lawrence
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Imaging Program, London, Ontario, Canada
- Western University, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yunjie Tong
- Purdue University, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Alessandro Torricelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Milan, Italy
- National Research Council (CNR), IFN – Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, Milan, Italy
| | - Tara Urner
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Heidrun Wabnitz
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Wolf
- University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Wolf
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shiqi Xu
- Duke University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Changhuei Yang
- California Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Meryem A. Yücel
- Boston University Neurophotonics Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, College of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- University of California Davis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis, California, United States
- China Jiliang University, College of Optical and Electronic Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Di Domenico SI, Fournier MA, Rodrigo AH, Dong M, Ayaz H, Ryan RM, Ruocco AC. Medial Prefrontal Activity During Self-Other Judgments is Modulated by Relationship Need Fulfillment. Soc Neurosci 2022; 17:236-245. [PMID: 35504857 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2022.2074135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) plays an important role in representing semantic self-knowledge. Studies comparing semantic self-judgments with judgments of close others suggest that interpersonal closeness may influence the degree to which the MPFC differentiates self and other. We used optical neuroimaging to examine if support for competence, relatedness, and autonomy from relationship partners moderates MPFC activity during a personality judgement task. Participants (N = 109) were asked to judge the descriptive accuracy of trait adjectives for both themselves and a friend. Participants who reported lower need fulfillment with their friend showed elevated activity only in the self-judgment condition; in contrast, participants who reported higher need fulfillment with their friend showed similarly high levels of MPFC activity across the conditions. These results are consistent with the idea that the MPFC differentially represents others on the basis of the need fulfillment experienced within the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mengxi Dong
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University.,Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University.,Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University.,Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania.,Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Richard M Ryan
- Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University
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13
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Eloy L, Doherty EJ, Spencer CA, Bobko P, Hirshfield L. Using fNIRS to Identify Transparency- and Reliability-Sensitive Markers of Trust Across Multiple Timescales in Collaborative Human-Human-Agent Triads. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2022; 3:838625. [PMID: 38235468 PMCID: PMC10790910 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2022.838625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Intelligent agents are rapidly evolving from assistants into teammates as they perform increasingly complex tasks. Successful human-agent teams leverage the computational power and sensory capabilities of automated agents while keeping the human operator's expectation consistent with the agent's ability. This helps prevent over-reliance on and under-utilization of the agent to optimize its effectiveness. Research at the intersection of human-computer interaction, social psychology, and neuroergonomics has identified trust as a governing factor of human-agent interactions that can be modulated to maintain an appropriate expectation. To achieve this calibration, trust can be monitored continuously and unobtrusively using neurophysiological sensors. While prior studies have demonstrated the potential of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a lightweight neuroimaging technology, in the prediction of social, cognitive, and affective states, few have successfully used it to measure complex social constructs like trust in artificial agents. Even fewer studies have examined the dynamics of hybrid teams of more than 1 human or 1 agent. We address this gap by developing a highly collaborative task that requires knowledge sharing within teams of 2 humans and 1 agent. Using brain data obtained with fNIRS sensors, we aim to identify brain regions sensitive to changes in agent behavior on a long- and short-term scale. We manipulated agent reliability and transparency while measuring trust, mental demand, team processes, and affect. Transparency and reliability levels are found to significantly affect trust in the agent, while transparency explanations do not impact mental demand. Reducing agent communication is shown to disrupt interpersonal trust and team cohesion, suggesting similar dynamics as human-human teams. Contrasts of General Linear Model analyses identify dorsal medial prefrontal cortex activation specific to assessing the agent's transparency explanations and characterize increases in mental demand as signaled by dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and frontopolar activation. Short scale event-level data is analyzed to show that predicting whether an individual will trust the agent, with data from 15 s before their decision, is feasible with fNIRS data. Discussing our results, we identify targets and directions for future neuroergonomics research as a step toward building an intelligent trust-modulation system to optimize human-agent collaborations in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Eloy
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Emily J. Doherty
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Cara A. Spencer
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Philip Bobko
- Department of Management, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA, United States
| | - Leanne Hirshfield
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
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14
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Reddy P, Shewokis PA, Izzetoglu K. Individual differences in skill acquisition and transfer assessed by dual task training performance and brain activity. Brain Inform 2022; 9:9. [PMID: 35366168 PMCID: PMC8976865 DOI: 10.1186/s40708-022-00157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of expertise development during training program primarily consists of evaluating interactions between task characteristics, performance, and mental load. Such a traditional assessment framework may lack consideration of individual characteristics when evaluating training on complex tasks, such as driving and piloting, where operators are typically required to execute multiple tasks simultaneously. Studies have already identified individual characteristics arising from intrinsic, context, strategy, personality, and preference as common predictors of performance and mental load. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of individual difference in skill acquisition and transfer using an ecologically valid dual task, behavioral, and brain activity measures. Specifically, we implemented a search and surveillance task (scanning and identifying targets) using a high-fidelity training simulator for the unmanned aircraft sensor operator, acquired behavioral measures (scan, not scan, over scan, and adaptive target find scores) using simulator-based analysis module, and measured brain activity changes (oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin) from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) using a portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) sensor array. The experimental protocol recruited 13 novice participants and had them undergo three easy and two hard sessions to investigate skill acquisition and transfer, respectively. Our results from skill acquisition sessions indicated that performance on both tasks did not change when individual differences were not accounted for. However inclusion of individual differences indicated that some individuals improved only their scan performance (Attention-focused group), while others improved only their target find performance (Accuracy-focused group). Brain activity changes during skill acquisition sessions showed that mental load decreased in the right anterior medial PFC (RAMPFC) in both groups regardless of individual differences. However, mental load increased in the left anterior medial PFC (LAMPFC) of Attention-focused group and decreased in the Accuracy-focused group only when individual differences were included. Transfer results showed no changes in performance regardless of grouping based on individual differences; however, mental load increased in RAMPFC of Attention-focused group and left dorsolateral PFC (LDLPFC) of Accuracy-focused group. Efficiency and involvement results suggest that the Attention-focused group prioritized the scan task, while the Accuracy-focused group prioritized the target find task. In conclusion, training on multitasks results in individual differences. These differences may potentially be due to individual preference. Future studies should incorporate individual differences while assessing skill acquisition and transfer during multitask training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratusha Reddy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3508 Market St Suite 100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Patricia A Shewokis
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3508 Market St Suite 100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Nutrition Sciences Department-College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, 1601 Cherry St Free Parkway, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.,School of Education, 3401 Market Street 3rd Floor Suite 3000, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kurtulus Izzetoglu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, 3508 Market St Suite 100, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,School of Education, 3401 Market Street 3rd Floor Suite 3000, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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15
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Mark JA, Kraft AE, Ziegler MD, Ayaz H. Neuroadaptive Training via fNIRS in Flight Simulators. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2022; 3:820523. [PMID: 38236486 PMCID: PMC10790906 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2022.820523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Training to master a new skill often takes a lot of time, effort, and financial resources, particularly when the desired skill is complex, time sensitive, or high pressure where lives may be at risk. Professions such as aircraft pilots, surgeons, and other mission-critical operators that fall under this umbrella require extensive domain-specific dedicated training to enable learners to meet real-world demands. In this study, we describe a novel neuroadaptive training protocol to enhance learning speed and efficiency using a neuroimaging-based cognitive workload measurement system in a flight simulator. We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is a wearable, mobile, non-invasive neuroimaging modality that can capture localized hemodynamic response and has been used extensively to monitor the anterior prefrontal cortex to estimate cognitive workload. The training protocol included four sessions over 2 weeks and utilized realistic piloting tasks with up to nine levels of difficulty. Learners started at the lowest level and their progress adapted based on either behavioral performance and fNIRS measures combined (neuroadaptive) or performance measures alone (control). Participants in the neuroadaptive group were found to have significantly more efficient training, reaching higher levels of difficulty or significantly improved performance depending on the task, and showing consistent patterns of hemodynamic-derived workload in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The results of this study suggest that a neuroadaptive personalized training protocol using non-invasive neuroimaging is able to enhance learning of new tasks. Finally, we outline here potential avenues for further optimization of this fNIRS based neuroadaptive training approach. As fNIRS mobile neuroimaging is becoming more practical and accessible, the approaches developed here can be applied in the real world in scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse A. Mark
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amanda E. Kraft
- Advanced Technology Laboratories, Lockheed Martin, Arlington, VA, United States
| | - Matthias D. Ziegler
- Advanced Technology Laboratories, Lockheed Martin, Arlington, VA, United States
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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16
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Tian F, Li H, Tian S, Tian C, Shao J. Is There a Difference in Brain Functional Connectivity between Chinese Coal Mine Workers Who Have Engaged in Unsafe Behavior and Those Who Have Not? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010509. [PMID: 35010769 PMCID: PMC8744879 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: As a world-recognized high-risk occupation, coal mine workers need various cognitive functions to process the surrounding information to cope with a large number of perceived hazards or risks. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the connection between coal mine workers’ neural activity and unsafe behavior from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. This study explored the functional brain connectivity of coal mine workers who have engaged in unsafe behaviors (EUB) and those who have not (NUB). (2) Methods: Based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a total of 106 workers from the Hongliulin coal mine of Shaanxi North Mining Group, one of the largest modern coal mines in China, completed the test. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (COR) analysis, brain network analysis, and two-sample t-test were used to investigate the difference in brain functional connectivity between the two groups. (3) Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in functional brain connectivity between EUB and NUB among the frontopolar area (p = 0.002325), orbitofrontal area (p = 0.02102), and pars triangularis Broca’s area (p = 0.02888). Small-world properties existed in the brain networks of both groups, and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex had significant differences in clustering coefficient (p = 0.0004), nodal efficiency (p = 0.0384), and nodal local efficiency (p = 0.0004). (4) Conclusions: This study is the first application of fNIRS to the field of coal mine safety. The fNIRS brain functional connectivity analysis is a feasible method to investigate the neuropsychological mechanism of unsafe behavior in coal mine workers in the view of brain science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Tian
- Institute of Safety Management & Risk Control, Institute of Safety & Emergency Management, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (F.T.); (S.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Hongxia Li
- Institute of Safety Management & Risk Control, Institute of Safety & Emergency Management, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (F.T.); (S.T.); (C.T.)
- School of Management, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-152-9159-9962
| | - Shuicheng Tian
- Institute of Safety Management & Risk Control, Institute of Safety & Emergency Management, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (F.T.); (S.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Chenning Tian
- Institute of Safety Management & Risk Control, Institute of Safety & Emergency Management, School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (F.T.); (S.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Jiang Shao
- School of Architecture & Design, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
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17
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Vanegas M, Mireles M, Fang Q. MOCA: a systematic toolbox for designing and assessing modular functional near-infrared brain imaging probes. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:017801. [PMID: 36278785 PMCID: PMC8823693 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.1.017801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The expansion of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) systems toward broader utilities has led to the emergence of modular fNIRS systems composed of repeating optical source/detector modules. Compared to conventional fNIRS systems, modular fNIRS systems are more compact and flexible, making wearable and long-term monitoring possible. However, the large number of design parameters makes understanding their impact on a probe's performance a daunting task. AIM We aim to create a systematic software platform to facilitate the design, characterization, and comparison of modular fNIRS probes. APPROACH Our software-modular optode configuration analyzer (MOCA)-implements semi-automatic algorithms that assist in tessellating user-specified regions-of-interest, in interconnecting modules of various shapes, and in quantitatively comparing probe performance using metrics, such as spatial channel distributions and average brain sensitivity of the resulting probes. There is also support for limited parameter sweeping capabilities. RESULTS Through several examples, we show that users can use MOCA to design and optimize modular fNIRS probes, study trade-offs between several module shapes, improve brain sensitivity in probes via module re-orientation, and enhance probe performance via adjusting module spatial layouts. CONCLUSION Despite its simplicity, our modular probe design platform offers a framework to describe and quantitatively assess probes made by modules, opening a new door for the growing fNIRS user community to approach the challenging problem of module- and probe-parameter selection and fine-tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morris Vanegas
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Miguel Mireles
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Qianqian Fang
- Northeastern University, Department of Bioengineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Address all correspondence to Qianqian Fang,
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18
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Tsow F, Kumar A, Hosseini SMH, Bowden A. A low-cost, wearable, do-it-yourself functional near-infrared spectroscopy (DIY-fNIRS) headband. HARDWAREX 2021; 10:e00204. [PMID: 34734152 PMCID: PMC8562714 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neuromonitoring in naturalistic environments is of increasing interest for a variety of research fields including psychology, economics, and productivity. Among functional neuromonitoring modalities, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is well regarded for its potential for miniaturization, good spatial and temporal resolutions, and resilience to motion artifacts. Historically, the large size and high cost of fNIRS systems have precluded widespread adoption of the technology. In this article, we describe the first open source, fully integrated wireless fNIRS headband system with a single LED-pair source and four detectors. With ease of operation and comfort in mind, the system is encased in a soft, lightweight cloth and silicone enclosure. Accompanying computer and smartphone data collection software have also been provided, and the hardware has been validated using classic fNIRS tasks. This wear-and-go design can easily be scaled to accommodate a larger number of fNIRS channels and opens the door to easily collecting fNIRS data during routine activities in naturalistic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Tsow
- Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - Anupam Kumar
- Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
| | - SM Hadi Hosseini
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Audrey Bowden
- Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States
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19
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Kaimal G, Carroll-Haskins K, Topoglu Y, Ramakrishnan A, Arslanbek A, Ayaz H. Exploratory fNIRS Assessment of Differences in Activation in Virtual Reality Visual Self-Expression Including With a Fragrance Stimulus. ART THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2021.1957341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Barreto C, Bruneri GDA, Brockington G, Ayaz H, Sato JR. A New Statistical Approach for fNIRS Hyperscanning to Predict Brain Activity of Preschoolers' Using Teacher's. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:622146. [PMID: 34025373 PMCID: PMC8137814 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.622146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperscanning studies using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) have been performed to understand the neural mechanisms underlying human-human interactions. In this study, we propose a novel methodological approach that is developed for fNIRS multi-brain analysis. Our method uses support vector regression (SVR) to predict one brain activity time series using another as the predictor. We applied the proposed methodology to explore the teacher-student interaction, which plays a critical role in the formal learning process. In an illustrative application, we collected fNIRS data of the teacher and preschoolers’ dyads performing an interaction task. The teacher explained to the child how to add two numbers in the context of a game. The Prefrontal cortex and temporal-parietal junction of both teacher and student were recorded. A multivariate regression model was built for each channel in each dyad, with the student’s signal as the response variable and the teacher’s ones as the predictors. We compared the predictions of SVR with the conventional ordinary least square (OLS) predictor. The results predicted by the SVR model were statistically significantly correlated with the actual test data at least one channel-pair for all dyads. Overall, 29/90 channel-pairs across the five dyads (18 channels 5 dyads = 90 channel-pairs) presented significant signal predictions withthe SVR approach. The conventional OLS resulted in only 4 out of 90 valid predictions. These results demonstrated that the SVR could be used to perform channel-wise predictions across individuals, and the teachers’ cortical activity can be used to predict the student brain hemodynamic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candida Barreto
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Brockington
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joao Ricardo Sato
- Center of Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Unit for Applied Neuroscience, Federal University of ABC, Sao Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
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21
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Nazeer H, Naseer N, Mehboob A, Khan MJ, Khan RA, Khan US, Ayaz Y. Enhancing Classification Performance of fNIRS-BCI by Identifying Cortically Active Channels Using the z-Score Method. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20236995. [PMID: 33297516 PMCID: PMC7730208 DOI: 10.3390/s20236995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A state-of-the-art brain–computer interface (BCI) system includes brain signal acquisition, noise removal, channel selection, feature extraction, classification, and an application interface. In functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based BCI (fNIRS-BCI) channel selection may enhance classification performance by identifying suitable brain regions that contain brain activity. In this study, the z-score method for channel selection is proposed to improve fNIRS-BCI performance. The proposed method uses cross-correlation to match the similarity between desired and recorded brain activity signals, followed by forming a vector of each channel’s correlation coefficients’ maximum values. After that, the z-score is calculated for each value of that vector. A channel is selected based on a positive z-score value. The proposed method is applied to an open-access dataset containing mental arithmetic (MA) and motor imagery (MI) tasks for twenty-nine subjects. The proposed method is compared with the conventional t-value method and with no channel selected, i.e., using all channels. The z-score method yielded significantly improved (p < 0.0167) classification accuracies of 87.2 ± 7.0%, 88.4 ± 6.2%, and 88.1 ± 6.9% for left motor imagery (LMI) vs. rest, right motor imagery (RMI) vs. rest, and mental arithmetic (MA) vs. rest, respectively. The proposed method is also validated on an open-access database of 17 subjects, containing right-hand finger tapping (RFT), left-hand finger tapping (LFT), and dominant side foot tapping (FT) tasks.The study shows an enhanced performance of the z-score method over the t-value method as an advancement in efforts to improve state-of-the-art fNIRS-BCI systems’ performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Nazeer
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Noman Naseer
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
- Correspondence:
| | - Aakif Mehboob
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (A.M.); (M.J.K.); (Y.A.)
| | - Muhammad Jawad Khan
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (A.M.); (M.J.K.); (Y.A.)
- National Centre of Artificial Intelligence (NCAI), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rayyan Azam Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5A9, Canada;
| | - Umar Shahbaz Khan
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
- National Centre of Robotics and Automation (NCRA), Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Yasar Ayaz
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (A.M.); (M.J.K.); (Y.A.)
- National Centre of Artificial Intelligence (NCAI), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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22
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Dehais F, Karwowski W, Ayaz H. Brain at Work and in Everyday Life as the Next Frontier: Grand Field Challenges for Neuroergonomics. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2020; 1:583733. [PMID: 38234310 PMCID: PMC10790928 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2020.583733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Dehais
- ISAE-SUPAERO, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Waldemar Karwowski
- Computational Neuroergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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23
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Nazeer H, Naseer N, Khan RA, Noori FM, Qureshi NK, Khan US, Khan MJ. Enhancing classification accuracy of fNIRS-BCI using features acquired from vector-based phase analysis. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:056025. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abb417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Blaney G, Sassaroli A, Fantini S. Design of a source-detector array for dual-slope diffuse optical imaging. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:093702. [PMID: 33003793 PMCID: PMC7519873 DOI: 10.1063/5.0015512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We recently proposed a dual-slope technique for diffuse optical spectroscopy and imaging of scattering media. This technique requires a special configuration of light sources and optical detectors to create dual-slope sets. Here, we present methods for designing, optimizing, and building an optical imaging array that features m dual-slope sets to image n voxels. After defining the m × n matrix (S) that describes the sensitivity of the m dual-slope measurements to absorption perturbations in each of the n voxels, we formulate the inverse imaging problem in terms of the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse matrix of S (S+). This approach allows us to introduce several measures of imaging performance: reconstruction accuracy (correct spatial mapping), crosstalk (incorrect spatial mapping), resolution (point spread function), and localization (offset between actual and reconstructed point perturbations). Furthermore, by considering the singular value decomposition formulation, we show the significance of visualizing the first m right singular vectors of S, whose linear combination generates the reconstructed map. We also describe methods to build a physical array using a three-layer mesh structure (two polyethylene films and polypropylene hook-and-loop fabric) embedded in silicone (PDMS). Finally, we apply these methods to design two arrays and choose one to construct. The chosen array consists of 16 illumination fibers, 10 detection fibers, and 27 dual-slope sets for dual-slope imaging optimized for the size of field of view and localization of absorption perturbations. This particular array is aimed at functional near-infrared spectroscopy of the human brain, but the methods presented here are of general applicability to a variety of devices and imaging scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giles Blaney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University,
Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University,
Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University,
Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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25
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Asgher U, Khalil K, Khan MJ, Ahmad R, Butt SI, Ayaz Y, Naseer N, Nazir S. Enhanced Accuracy for Multiclass Mental Workload Detection Using Long Short-Term Memory for Brain-Computer Interface. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:584. [PMID: 32655353 PMCID: PMC7324788 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive workload is one of the widely invoked human factors in the areas of human-machine interaction (HMI) and neuroergonomics. The precise assessment of cognitive and mental workload (MWL) is vital and requires accurate neuroimaging to monitor and evaluate the cognitive states of the brain. In this study, we have decoded four classes of MWL using long short-term memory (LSTM) with 89.31% average accuracy for brain-computer interface (BCI). The brain activity signals are acquired using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) region of the brain. We performed a supervised MWL experimentation with four varying MWL levels on 15 participants (both male and female) and 10 trials of each MWL per participant. Real-time four-level MWL states are assessed using fNIRS system, and initial classification is performed using three strong machine learning (ML) techniques, support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), and artificial neural network (ANN) with obtained average accuracies of 54.33, 54.31, and 69.36%, respectively. In this study, novel deep learning (DL) frameworks are proposed, which utilizes convolutional neural network (CNN) and LSTM with 87.45 and 89.31% average accuracies, respectively, to solve high-dimensional four-level cognitive states classification problem. Statistical analysis, t-test, and one-way F-test (ANOVA) are also performed on accuracies obtained through ML and DL algorithms. Results show that the proposed DL (LSTM and CNN) algorithms significantly improve classification performance as compared with ML (SVM, ANN, and k-NN) algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer Asgher
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Khurram Khalil
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Khan
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ahmad
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- Directorate of Quality Assurance and International Collaboration, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ikramullah Butt
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasar Ayaz
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- National Center of Artificial Intelligence (NCAI) – NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Noman Naseer
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Nazir
- Training and Assessment Research Group, Department of Maritime Operations, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
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26
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Joshi S, Herrera RR, Springett DN, Weedon BD, Ramirez DZM, Holloway C, Dawes H, Ayaz H. Neuroergonomic Assessment of Wheelchair Control Using Mobile fNIRS. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2020; 28:1488-1496. [PMID: 32386159 PMCID: PMC7598937 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2020.2992382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
For over two centuries, the wheelchair has been one of the most common assistive devices for individuals with locomotor impairments without many modifications. Wheelchair control is a complex motor task that increases both the physical and cognitive workload. New wheelchair interfaces, including Power Assisted devices, can further augment users by reducing the required physical effort, however little is known on the mental effort implications. In this study, we adopted a neuroergonomic approach utilizing mobile and wireless functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) based brain monitoring of physically active participants. 48 volunteers (30 novice and 18 experienced) self-propelled on a wheelchair with and without a PowerAssist interface in both simple and complex realistic environments. Results indicated that as expected, the complex more difficult environment led to lower task performance complemented by higher prefrontal cortex activity compared to the simple environment. The use of the PowerAssist feature had significantly lower brain activation compared to traditional manual control only for novices. Expertise led to a lower brain activation pattern within the middle frontal gyrus, complemented by performance metrics that involve lower cognitive workload. Results here confirm the potential of the Neuroergonomic approach and that direct neural activity measures can complement and enhance task performance metrics. We conclude that the cognitive workload benefits of PowerAssist are more directed to new users and difficult settings. The approach demonstrated here can be utilized in future studies to enable greater personalization and understanding of mobility interfaces within real-world dynamic environments.
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27
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Sargent A, Watson J, Ye H, Suri R, Ayaz H. Neuroergonomic Assessment of Hot Beverage Preparation and Consumption: An EEG and EDA Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:175. [PMID: 32499688 PMCID: PMC7242644 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroergonomics is an emerging field that investigates the human brain about behavioral performance in natural environments and everyday settings. This study investigated the body and brain activity correlates of a typical daily activity, hot beverage preparation, and consumption in a realistic office environment where participants performed natural daily tasks. Using wearable, battery operated and wireless Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Electrodermal activity (EDA) sensors, neural and physiological responses were measured in untethered, freely moving participants who prepared hot beverages using two different machines (a market leader and follower as determined by annual US sales). They later consumed the drinks they had prepared in three blocks. Emotional valence was estimated using frontal asymmetry in EEG alpha band power and emotional arousal was estimated from EDA tonic and phasic activity. Results from 26 participants showed that the market-leading coffee machine was more efficient to use based on self-reports, behavioral performance measures, and there were significant within-subject differences in valence between the two machine use. Moreover, the market leader user interface led to greater self-reported product preference, which was further supported by significant differences in measured arousal and valence (EDA and EEG, respectively) during coffee production and consumption. This is the first study that uses a multimodal and comprehensive assessment of coffee machine use and beverage consumption in a naturalistic work environment. Approaches described in this study can be adapted in the future to other task-specific machine usability and consumer neuroscience studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sargent
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jan Watson
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hongjun Ye
- Lebow College of Business, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rajneesh Suri
- Lebow College of Business, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Drexel Solutions Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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28
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Impact of Tea and Coffee Consumption on Cognitive Performance: An fNIRS and EDA Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10072390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Coffee and tea are two of the most popular beverages in the world and have been consumed for more than a thousand years. They have become an integral part of the day for many consumers and may aid not only increased social interactions but also productivity. However, there is no conclusive evidence of their comparative effect on cognitive ability. This study investigated the impact of tea and coffee products on cognitive performance in typical office work-related tasks using brain, body, and behavioral measures. In a controlled multi-day study, we explored the effects of both traditional and cognition-enhancing hot beverages through task performance and self-reported measures. A total of 120 participants completed three work-related tasks from different cognitive domains and consumed either a traditional or cognition-enhancing hot beverage. During the study, we measured brain activity in the prefrontal cortex using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as well as arousal from skin conductance through electrodermal activity (EDA) while participants completed cognitive tasks and consumed the beverages. Neural efficiency was used to evaluate cognitive performance in the tasks. Neural efficiency was calculated from a composite score of behavioral efficiency and cognitive effort, and emotional arousal was estimated from EDA activity. Results indicated that for different cognitive domains, the enhanced hot beverages showed improved neural efficiency over that of a traditional hot beverage. This is the first study to assess the impact of both traditional and cognition-enhancing drinks using a multimodal approach for workplace-related assignments.
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29
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Brain–machine interfaces using functional near-infrared spectroscopy: a review. ARTIFICIAL LIFE AND ROBOTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10015-020-00592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Sun Y, Ayaz H, Akansu AN. Multimodal Affective State Assessment Using fNIRS + EEG and Spontaneous Facial Expression. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E85. [PMID: 32041316 PMCID: PMC7071625 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human facial expressions are regarded as a vital indicator of one's emotion and intention, and even reveal the state of health and wellbeing. Emotional states have been associated with information processing within and between subcortical and cortical areas of the brain, including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between spontaneous human facial affective expressions and multi-modal brain activity measured via non-invasive and wearable sensors: functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The affective states of twelve male participants detected via fNIRS, EEG, and spontaneous facial expressions were investigated in response to both image-content stimuli and video-content stimuli. We propose a method to jointly evaluate fNIRS and EEG signals for affective state detection (emotional valence as positive or negative). Experimental results reveal a strong correlation between spontaneous facial affective expressions and the perceived emotional valence. Moreover, the affective states were estimated by the fNIRS, EEG, and fNIRS + EEG brain activity measurements. We show that the proposed EEG + fNIRS hybrid method outperforms fNIRS-only and EEG-only approaches. Our findings indicate that the dynamic (video-content based) stimuli triggers a larger affective response than the static (image-content based) stimuli. These findings also suggest joint utilization of facial expression and wearable neuroimaging, fNIRS, and EEG, for improved emotional analysis and affective brain-computer interface applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjia Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ali N. Akansu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
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31
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Wang L, Ayaz H, Izzetoglu M. Investigation of the source-detector separation in near infrared spectroscopy for healthy and clinical applications. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900175. [PMID: 31291506 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding near infrared light propagation in tissue is vital for designing next generation optical brain imaging devices. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations provide a controlled mechanism to characterize and evaluate contributions of diverse near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor configurations and parameters. In this study, we developed a multilayer adult digital head model under both healthy and clinical settings and assessed light-tissue interaction through MC simulations in terms of partial differential pathlength, mean total optical pathlength, diffuse reflectance, detector light intensity and spatial sensitivity profile of optical measurements. The model incorporated four layers: scalp, skull, cerebrospinal-fluid and cerebral cortex with and without a customizable lesion for modeling hematoma of different sizes and depths. The effect of source-detector separation (SDS) on optical measurements' sensitivity to brain tissue was investigated. Results from 1330 separate simulations [(4 lesion volumes × 4 lesion depths for clinical +3 healthy settings) × 7 SDS × 10 simulation = 1330)] each with 100 million photons indicated that selection of SDS is critical to acquire optimal measurements from the brain and recommended SDS to be 25 to 35 mm depending on the wavelengths to obtain optical monitoring of the adult brain function. The findings here can guide the design of future NIRS probes for functional neuroimaging and clinical diagnostic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Meltem Izzetoglu
- Villanova University, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Villanova, Pennsylvania
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32
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Update of fNIRS as an Input to Brain–Computer Interfaces: A Review of Research from the Tufts Human–Computer Interaction Laboratory. PHOTONICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics6030090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) Lab at Tufts University has been developing real-time, implicit Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). This paper reviews the work of the lab; we explore how we have used fNIRS to develop BCIs that are based on a variety of human states, including cognitive workload, multitasking, musical learning applications, and preference detection. Our work indicates that fNIRS is a robust tool for the classification of brain-states in real-time, which can provide programmers with useful information to develop interfaces that are more intuitive and beneficial for the user than are currently possible given today’s human-input (e.g., mouse and keyboard).
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33
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A Mini-Review on Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS): Where Do We Stand, and Where Should We Go? PHOTONICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics6030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review is aimed at briefly summarizing the present status of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and predicting where the technique should go in the next decade. This mini-review quotes 33 articles on the different fNIRS basics and technical developments and 44 reviews on the fNIRS applications published in the last eight years. The huge number of review articles about a wide spectrum of topics in the field of cognitive and social sciences, functional neuroimaging research, and medicine testifies to the maturity achieved by this non-invasive optical vascular-based functional neuroimaging technique. Today, fNIRS has started to be utilized on healthy subjects while moving freely in different naturalistic settings. Further instrumental developments are expected to be done in the near future to fully satisfy this latter important aspect. In addition, fNIRS procedures, including correction methods for the strong extracranial interferences, need to be standardized before using fNIRS as a clinical tool in individual patients. New research avenues such as interactive neurosciences, cortical activation modulated by different type of sport performance, and cortical activation during neurofeedback training are highlighted.
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Curtin A, Ayaz H, Tang Y, Sun J, Wang J, Tong S. Enhancing neural efficiency of cognitive processing speed via training and neurostimulation: An fNIRS and TMS study. Neuroimage 2019; 198:73-82. [PMID: 31078636 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Speed of Processing (SoP) represents a fundamental limiting step in cognitive performance which may underlie General Intelligence. The measure of SoP is particularly sensitive to aging, neurological or cognitive diseases, and has become a benchmark for diagnosis, cognitive remediation, and enhancement. Neural efficiency of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) is proposed to account for individual differences in SoP. However, the mechanisms by which DLPFC efficiency is shaped by training and whether it can be enhanced remain elusive. To address this, we monitored the brain activity of sixteen healthy participants using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) while practicing a common SoP task (Symbol Digit Substitution Task) across 4 sessions. Furthermore, in each session, participants received counterbalanced excitatory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) during mid-session breaks. Results indicate a significant involvement of the left-DLPFC in SoP, whose neural efficiency is consistently increased through task practice. Active neurostimulation, but not Sham, significantly enhanced the neural efficiency. These findings suggest a common mechanism by which neurostimulation may aid to accelerate learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Curtin
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Hasan Ayaz
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Department of Family and Community Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanbao Tong
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai, China.
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Xu J, Slagle JM, Banerjee A, Bracken B, Weinger MB. Use of a Portable Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) System to Examine Team Experience During Crisis Event Management in Clinical Simulations. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:85. [PMID: 30890926 PMCID: PMC6412154 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the utilization of a portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system, the fNIRS PioneerTM, to examine team experience in high-fidelity simulation-based crisis event management (CEM) training for anesthesiologists in operating rooms. Background: Effective evaluation of team performance and experience in CEM simulations is essential for healthcare training and research. Neurophysiological measures with wearable devices can provide useful indicators of team experience to compliment traditional self-report, observer ratings, and behavioral performance measures. fNIRS measured brain blood oxygenation levels and neural synchrony can be used as indicators of workload and team engagement, which is vital for optimal team performance. Methods: Thirty-three anesthesiologists, who were attending CEM training in two-person teams, participated in this study. The participants varied in their expertise level and the simulation scenarios varied in difficulty level. The oxygenated and de-oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO and HbR) levels in the participants’ prefrontal cortex were derived from data recorded by a portable one-channel fNIRS system worn by all participants throughout CEM training. Team neural synchrony was measured by HbO/HbR wavelet transformation coherence (WTC). Observer-rated workload and self-reported workload and mood were also collected. Results: At the individual level, the pattern of HbR level corresponded to changes of workload for the individuals in different roles during different phases of a scenario; but this was not the case for HbO level. Thus, HbR level may be a better indicator for individual workload in the studied setting. However, HbR level was insensitive to differences in scenario difficulty and did not correlate with observer-rated or self-reported workload. At the team level, high levels of HbO and HbR WTC were observed during active teamwork. Furthermore, HbO WTC was sensitive to levels of scenario difficulty. Conclusion: This study showed that it was feasible to use a portable fNIRS system to study workload and team engagement in high-fidelity clinical simulations. However, more work is needed to establish the sensitivity, reliability, and validity of fNIRS measures as indicators of team experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Faculty of Science, Center for Psychological Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Research and Innovation in Systems Safety, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jason M Slagle
- Center for Research and Innovation in Systems Safety, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Arna Banerjee
- Center for Research and Innovation in Systems Safety, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Matthew B Weinger
- Center for Research and Innovation in Systems Safety, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, United States
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Kawabata Duncan K, Tokuda T, Sato C, Tagai K, Dan I. Willingness-to-Pay-Associated Right Prefrontal Activation During a Single, Real Use of Cosmetics as Revealed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:16. [PMID: 30778292 PMCID: PMC6369365 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of applied neuroscience to complement traditional methods of consumer research is increasing. Previously, fMRI has shown that prefrontal activity contains information relating to willingness-to-pay (WTP). The aim of the present study was to determine if functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can record WTP-related brain activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during a single, real use of cosmetic products. Thirty female participants, were divided into two groups (one low frequency users of foundation and one high frequency users of foundation), asked to apply different foundations to their face and then record how much money they were willing to pay. The oxyhemoglobin time series was analyzed with the GLM and the correlation between the beta scores for the foundations and their respective WTP values conducted for each participant. These subject level correlations were then converted to z scores and averaged for each group. The results revealed a significant mean correlation for the high but not low frequency group. In other words, the brain activity in right hemisphere dorsolateral PFC (RH-DLPFC) during single, real use of foundations correlated with their respective WTP values for the high frequency but not low frequency group. The difference between groups may reflect the importance of learning and automation on activity in RH-DLPFC. Our research provides further evidence supporting the use of fNIRS to complement traditional consumer research in a commercial setting and to extend neuroscience research into more naturalistic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatsuya Tokuda
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiho Sato
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiko Tagai
- Shiseido Global Innovation Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ippeita Dan
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
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Kanazawa S, Dan I. Editorial: fNIRS in Psychological Research: Functional Neuroimaging Beyond Conventional Fields. JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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