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Yang D, Wang L, Wang X. The trade-off regulation of arbuscular mycorrhiza on alfalfa growth dose-dependent on gradient Mo exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 941:173552. [PMID: 38806125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential nutrient for leguminous plants, but the effects of Mo exposure on plant growth, especially in relation to soil microorganisms, are not fully understood. This study employed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to evaluate the physiochemical responses to gradient soil Mo variations and explore the potential regulatory role of rhizosphere microorganism - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in modulating Mo's impact on plant physiology, with a focus on metabolic pathways. The results showed that Mo exerted hormetic effect (facilitation at low doses; inhibition at high doses) on alfalfa growth, promoting biomass (below 90.94 mg/kg, with a 63.98 % maximum increase), root length (below 657.11 mg/kg, with a 39.29 % maximum increase), and plant height (below 304.03 mg/kg, with an 18.4 % maximum increase). Excess Mo (1000 mg/kg) resulted in a reduction in photosynthesis and biomass growth due to increased oxidative stress (p < 0.05). Within the stimulatory zones, AMF enhanced Mo accumulation in alfalfa, augmenting its phytological effects. Exceed the stimulatory zones, AMF enhanced alfalfa Fe uptake and reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by excess Mo by shifting the redox homeostasis-controlled enzyme from peroxidase (POD) to superoxide dismutase (SOD), thereby improving alfalfa's tolerance to Mo. Metabolomic analysis further revealed that AMF promoted the biosynthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA) and various amino acids in Mo-stressed alfalfa (p < 0.05), which accelerated alfalfa growth and mitigated Mo-induced phytotoxicity. These insights provide a foundation for developing sustainable management strategies for Mo-exposed soils using AMF inoculants, such as minimizing Mo fertilizer application in Mo-deficient soils and facilitating the reclamation of Mo-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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2
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Samsami H, Maali-Amiri R. Global insights into intermediate metabolites: Signaling, metabolic divergence and stress response modulation in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108862. [PMID: 38917735 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Climate change-induced environmental stresses pose significant challenges to plant survival and agricultural productivity. In response, many plants undergo genetic reprogramming, resulting in profound alterations in metabolic pathways and the production of diverse secondary metabolites. As a critical molecular junction, intermediate metabolites by targeted intensification or suppression of subpathways channel cell resources into a multifaceted array of functions such as cell signals, photosynthesis, energy metabolism, ROS homeostasis, producing defensive and protective molecules, epigenetic regulation and stress memory, phytohormones biosynthesis and cell wall architecture under stress conditions. Unlike the well-established functions of end products, intermediate metabolites are context-dependent and produce enigmatic alternatives during stress. As key components of signal transduction pathways, intermediate metabolites with relay and integration of stress signals ensure responses to stress combinations. Investigating efficient metabolic network pathways and their role in regulating unpredictable paths from upstream to downstream levels can unlock their full potential to shape the future of agriculture and ensure global food security. Here, we summarized the activity of some intermediate metabolites, from the perception step to tolerance responses to stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Samsami
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Reza Maali-Amiri
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
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Tang Y, Yan C, Li H, Ma X, Li J, Chi X, Liu Z. Proline inhibits postharvest physiological deterioration of cassava by improving antioxidant capacity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 224:114143. [PMID: 38762153 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a crucial global tuber crop, encounters significant economic losses attributed to postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD). The PPD phenomenon in cassava is closely related to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and amino acids play a pivotal role in regulating signaling pathways and eliminating ROS. In this study, the storage performance of eight cassava varieties were conducted. Cassava cultivar SC5 showed the best storage performance among the eight cassava varieties, but the edible cassava cultivar SC9 performed much worse. Comparative analysis of free amino acids was conducted in eight cassava varieties, revealing changes in proline, aspartic acid, histidine, glutamic acid, threonine, and serine. Exogenous supplementation of these six amino acids was performed to inhibit PPD of SC9. Proline was confirmed as the key amino acid for inhibiting PPD. Treatment with optimal exogenous proline of 5 g/L resulted in a 17.9% decrease in the deterioration rate compared to untreated cassava. Accompanied by a decrease in H2O2 content and an increase in catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase activity. Proline treatment proved to be an effective approach to alleviate cell oxidative damage, inhibit PPD in cassava, and prolong shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Tang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chengliang Yan
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xue Chi
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Zhu Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Zhao YJ, Ma CY, Zheng MJ, Yao YR, Lv LH, Zhang LH, Fu XX, Zhang JT, Xiao K. Transcription factor TaNF-YB2 interacts with partners TaNF-YA7/YC7 and transcriptionally activates distinct stress-defensive genes to modulate drought tolerance in T. Aestivum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:705. [PMID: 39054416 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought stress limits significantly the crop productivity. However, plants have evolved various strategies to cope with the drought conditions by adopting complex molecular, biochemical, and physiological mechanisms. Members of the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) transcription factor (TF) family constitute one of the largest TF classes and are involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses. RESULTS TaNF-YB2, a NY-YB subfamily gene in T. aestivum, was characterized in this study focusing on its role in mediating plant adaptation to drought stress. Yeast two-hybrid (Y-2 H), biomolecular fluoresence complementation (BiFC), and Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays indicated that TaNF-YB2 interacts with the NF-YA member TaNF-YA7 and NF-YC family member TaNF-YC7, which constitutes a heterotrimer TaNF-YB2/TaNF-YA7/TaNF-YC7. The TaNF-YB2 transcripts are induced in roots and aerial tissues upon drought signaling; GUS histochemical staining analysis demonstrated the roles of cis-regulatory elements ABRE and MYB situated in TaNF-YB2 promoter to contribute to target gene response to drought. Transgene analysis on TaNF-YB2 confirmed its functions in regulating drought adaptation via modulating stomata movement, osmolyte biosynthesis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. TaNF-YB2 possessed the abilities in transcriptionally activating TaP5CS2, the P5CS family gene involving proline biosynthesis and TaSOD1, TaCAT5, and TaPOD5, the genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Positive correlations were found between yield and the TaNF-YB2 transcripts in a core panel constituting 45 wheat cultivars under drought condition, in which two types of major haplotypes including TaNF-YB2-Hap1 and -Hap2 were included, with the former conferring more TaNF-YB2 transcripts and stronger plant drought tolerance. CONCLUSIONS TaNF-YB2 is transcriptional response to drought stress. It is an essential regulator in mediating plant drought adaptation by modulating the physiological processes associated with stomatal movement, osmolyte biosynthesis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, depending on its role in transcriptionally regulating stress response genes. Our research deepens the understanding of plant drought stress underlying NF-Y TF family and provides gene resource in efforts for molecular breeding the drought-tolerant cultivars in T. aestivum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jia Zhao
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production, Shijiazhuang, 050035, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Jing Zheng
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production, Shijiazhuang, 050035, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Rong Yao
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production, Shijiazhuang, 050035, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Lv
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production, Shijiazhuang, 050035, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production, Shijiazhuang, 050035, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Ting Zhang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production, Shijiazhuang, 050035, P.R. China
| | - Kai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China.
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, P.R. China.
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Kulasza M, Sielska A, Szenejko M, Soroka M, Skuza L. Effects of copper, and aluminium in ionic, and nanoparticulate form on growth rate and gene expression of Setaria italica seedlings. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15897. [PMID: 38987627 PMCID: PMC11237061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effects of copper, copper oxide nanoparticles, aluminium, and aluminium oxide nanoparticles on the growth rate and expression of ACT-1, CDPK, LIP, NFC, P5CR, P5CS, GR, and SiZIP1 genes in five days old seedling of Setaria italica ssp. maxima, cultivated in hydroponic culture. Depending on their concentration (ranging from 0.1 to 1.8 mg L-1), all tested substances had both stimulating and inhibiting effects on the growth rate of the seedlings. Copper and copper oxide-NPs had generally a stimulating effect whereas aluminium and aluminium oxide-NPs at first had a positive effect but in higher concentrations they inhibited the growth. Treating the seedlings with 0.4 mg L-1 of each tested toxicant was mostly stimulating to the expression of the genes and reduced the differences between the transcript levels of the coleoptiles and roots. Increasing concentrations of the tested substances had both stimulating and inhibiting effects on the expression levels of the genes. The highest expression levels were usually noted at concentrations between 0.4 and 1.0 mg/L of each metal and metal nanoparticle, except for SiZIP1, which had the highest transcript amount at 1.6 mg L-1 of Cu2+ and at 0.1-0.8 mg L-1 of CuO-NPs, and LIP and GR from the seedling treated with Al2O3-NPs at concentrations of 0.1 and 1.6 mg L-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kulasza
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71415, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Anna Sielska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71415, Szczecin, Poland.
- Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71415, Szczecin, Poland.
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, 70383, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Szenejko
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71412, Szczecin, Poland
- Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71415, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marianna Soroka
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71415, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71412, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Lidia Skuza
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71415, Szczecin, Poland
- Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71415, Szczecin, Poland
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Lu J, Fu B, Zhu Z, Yan C, Guan F, Wang P, Yu P. Enhancing the production of L-proline in recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 by metabolic engineering. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38984870 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2024.2378104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
L-proline is widely used in the fields of food, medicine and agriculture, and is also an important raw material for the synthesis of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline. In this study, enhancing the production of L-proline by metabolic engineering was investigated. Three genes, proB, proA and proC, were introduced into Escherichia coli BL21 by molecular biology technology to increase the metabolic flow of L-proline from glucose. The genes putP and proP related to the proline transfer were knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology to weaken the feedback inhibition of proB to increase the production of L-proline. The fermentation curves of the engineered strain at different glucose concentrations were determined, and a glucose concentration of 10 g/L was chosen to expand the batch culture to 1 L shake flask. Ultimately, through these efforts, the titer of L-proline reached 832.19 mg/L in intermittent glucose addition fermentation in a 1 L shake flask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Lu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Fu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Forestry Science and Technology, Lishui Vocational and Technical College, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuyang Yan
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuyao Guan
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peize Wang
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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7
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Lubyanova A, Allagulova C. Exogenous Sodium Nitroprusside Affects the Redox System of Wheat Roots Differentially Regulating the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes under Short-Time Osmotic Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1895. [PMID: 39065422 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional signalling molecule involved in the regulation of plant ontogenesis and adaptation to different adverse environmental factors, in particular to osmotic stress. Understanding NO-induced plant protection is important for the improvement of plant stress tolerance and crop productivity under global climate changes. The root system is crucial for plant survival in a changeable environment. Damages that it experiences under water deficit conditions during the initial developmental periods seriously affect the viability of the plants. This work was devoted to the comparative analysis of the pretreatment of wheat seedlings through the root system with NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) for 24 h on various parameters of redox homeostasis under exposure to osmotic stress (PEG 6000, 12%) over 0.5-24 h. The active and exhausted solutions of SNP, termed as (SNP/+NO) and (SNP/-NO), respectively, were used in this work at a concentration of 2 × 10-4 M. Using biochemistry and light microscopy methods, it has been revealed that osmotic stress caused oxidative damages and the disruption of membrane cell structures in wheat roots. PEG exposure increased the production of superoxide (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the levels of electrolyte leakage (EL) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Stress treatment enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), the excretion of proline, and the rate of cell death and inhibited their division. Pretreatment with (SNP/+NO) decreased PEG-induced root damages by differently regulating the antioxidant enzymes under stress conditions. Thus, (SNP/+NO) pretreatment led to SOD, APX, and CAT inhibition during the first 4 h of stress and stimulated their activity after 24 h of PEG exposure when compared to SNP-untreated or (SNP/-NO)-pretreated and stress-subjected plants. Osmotic stress triggered the intense excretion of proline by roots into the external medium. Pretreatment with (SNP/+NO) in contrast with (SNP/-NO) additionally increased stress-induced proline excretion. Our results indicate that NO is able to mitigate the destructive effects of osmotic stress on the roots of wheat seedlings. However, the mechanisms of NO protective action may be different at certain periods of stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsu Lubyanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Oktyabrya 71, lit.1e, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Chulpan Allagulova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Oktyabrya 71, lit.1e, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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8
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Yang Z, Wang J, Wang W, Zhang H, Wu Y, Gao X, Gao D, Li X. Physiological, cytological and multi-omics analysis revealed the molecular response of Fritillaria cirrhosa to Cd toxicity in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134611. [PMID: 38754230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Fritillaria cirrhosa, an endangered plant endemic to plateau regions, faces escalating cadmium (Cd) stress due to pollution in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This study employed physiological, cytological, and multi-omics techniques to investigate the toxic effects of Cd stress and detoxification mechanisms of F. cirrhosa. The results demonstrated that Cd caused severe damage to cell membranes and organelles, leading to significant oxidative damage and reducing photosynthesis, alkaloid and nucleoside contents, and biomass. Cd application increased cell wall thickness by 167.89% in leaves and 445.78% in bulbs, leading to weight percentage of Cd increases of 76.00% and 257.14%, respectively. PER, CESA, PME, and SUS, genes responsible for cell wall thickening, were significantly upregulated. Additionally, the levels of metabolites participating in the scavenging of reactive oxygen species, including oxidized glutathione, D-proline, L-citrulline, and putrescine, were significantly increased under Cd stress. Combined multi-omics analyses revealed that glutathione metabolism and cell wall biosynthesis pathways jointly constituted the detoxification mechanism of F. cirrhosa in response to Cd stress. This study provides a theoretical basis for further screening of new cultivars for Cd tolerance and developing appropriate cultivation strategies to alleviate Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jialu Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Haobo Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yuhan Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Xusheng Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Dan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xiwen Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Shafi Z, Shahid M, AlGarawi AM, Zeyad MT, Marey SA, Hatamleh AA, Wang S, Singh UB. The Exogenous Application of 24-Epibrassinolide (24-EBL) Increases the Cd and Pb Resilience in Zea mays (L.) by Regulating the Growth and Physiological Mechanism. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3949-3973. [PMID: 37792177 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) at a concentration above the threshold level act as environmental pollutants and very often threaten the agricultural productivity globally. Finding affordable and environmentally sustainable deliverables to address this issue is therefore a top focus. Phytohormones alleviate the HMs-induced toxicity and positively influence the plant growth. Considering the importance of phytohormones, the present study aimed to assess the effect of 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL; 10 µM) as seed soaking treatment on growth performance of Zea mays (L.) contaminated separately with increasing concentrations (50-400 mg.kg-1) of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). With increasing metal concentrations, growth and plant biometric criteria were reduced. For instance, Cd at 400 mg.kg-1 soil reduced the germination efficiency (56%), root (77%) and shoot (69%) dry weight, total chlorophyll (64%), and carotenoid content (45%). Contrarily, both HMs caused increase in stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes in seedling. However, exogenous administration of 24-EBL significantly enhanced the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, proline, MDA, and antioxidant enzyme activity while reducing the harmful effects of HMs stress on Z. mays. For instance, 24-EBL (10 µM) improved the germination percentage, root biomass, chl a, chl b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content by 16, 21, 17, 34, 18, and 15%, respectively, in 50 mg.Pb.kg-1 soil-treated Z. mays plants. Furthermore, the amounts of proline, MDA, and antioxidant enzymes in foliage of Z. mays were interestingly and dramatically lowered by 24-EBL application. Uptake of metals in plant organs was significantly reduced when 24-EBL was applied to Pb- and Cd-treated Z. mays. The recent findings help us better understand how 24-EBL regulates growth and development of Z. mays as well as how it boosts HMs' resilience, which could increase the possibility of employing 24-EBL to increase Z. mays productivity. Thus, the present findings confirmed the potentiality of pre-soaking the seed in 24-EBL solution that neutralizes the toxic effects of heavy metals in Z. mays plants. Therefore, it is suggested that applying phytohormones including 24-EBL in removal of heavy metal stress in plants is the best possible solution in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaryab Shafi
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-NBAIM, Kushmaur, Mau, U.P, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-NBAIM, Kushmaur, Mau, U.P, India.
| | - Amal Mohamed AlGarawi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Tarique Zeyad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University (A.M.U), Aligarh, UP-20202, India
| | - Samy A Marey
- King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shifa Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404000, Wanzhou, China
| | - Udai B Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-NBAIM, Kushmaur, Mau, U.P, India
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10
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Gao W, Wu D, Zhang D, Geng Z, Tong M, Duan Y, Xia W, Chu J, Yao X. Comparative analysis of the effects of microplastics and nitrogen on maize and wheat: Growth, redox homeostasis, photosynthesis, and AsA-GSH cycle. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172555. [PMID: 38677420 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pose a significant threat to the function of agro-ecosystems. At present, research on MPs has mainly focused on the effects of different concentrations or types of MPs on a crop, while ignoring other environmental factors. In agricultural production, the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is an important means to maintain the high yield of crops. The effects of MPs and N on growth parameters, photosynthetic system, active oxygen metabolism, nutrient content, and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle of maize and wheat were studied in order to explicit whether N addition could effectively alleviate the effects of MPs on maize and wheat. The results showed that MPs inhibited the plant height of both maize and wheat, and MPs effects on physiological traits of maize were more severe than those of wheat, reflecting in reactive oxygen metabolism and restriction of photosynthetic capacity. Under the condition of N supply, AsA-GSH cycle of two plants has different response strategies to MPs: Maize promoted enzyme activity and co-accumulation of AsA and GSH, while wheat tended to consume AsA and accumulate GSH. N application induced slight oxidative stress on maize, which was manifested as an increase in hydrogen peroxide and malonaldehyde contents, and activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase. The antioxidant capacity of maize treated with the combination of MPs + N was better than that treated with N or MPs alone. N could effectively alleviate the adverse effects of MPs on wheat by improving the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dengyun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zixin Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mengting Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yusui Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wansheng Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jianzhou Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China.
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11
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Boussora F, Triki T, Bennani L, Bagues M, Ben Ali S, Ferchichi A, Ngaz K, Guasmi F. Mineral accumulation, relative water content and gas exchange are the main physiological regulating mechanisms to cope with salt stress in barley. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14931. [PMID: 38942909 PMCID: PMC11213892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity has become a major environmental concern for agricultural lands, leading to decreased crop yields. Hence, plant biology experts aim to genetically improve barley's adaptation to salinity stress by deeply studying the effects of salt stress and the responses of barley to this stress. In this context, our study aims to explore the variation in physiological and biochemical responses of five Tunisian spring barley genotypes to salt stress during the heading phase. Two salinity treatments were induced by using 100 mM NaCl (T1) and 250 mM NaCl (T2) in the irrigation water. Significant phenotypic variations were detected among the genotypes in response to salt stress. Plants exposed to 250 mM of NaCl showed an important decline in all studied physiological parameters namely, gas exchange, ions concentration and relative water content RWC. The observed decreases in concentrations ranged from, approximately, 6.64% to 40.76% for K+, 5.91% to 43.67% for Na+, 14.12% to 52.38% for Ca2+, and 15.22% to 38.48% for Mg2+ across the different genotypes and salt stress levels. However, under salinity conditions, proline and soluble sugars increased for all genotypes with an average increase of 1.6 times in proline concentrations and 1.4 times in soluble sugars concentration. Furthermore, MDA levels rose also for all genotypes, with the biggest rise in Lemsi genotype (114.27% of increase compared to control). Ardhaoui and Rihane showed higher photosynthetic activity compared to the other genotypes across all treatments. The stepwise regression approach identified potassium content, K+/Na+ ratio, relative water content, stomatal conductance and SPAD measurement as predominant traits for thousand kernel weight (R2 = 84.06), suggesting their significant role in alleviating salt stress in barley. Overall, at heading stage, salt accumulation in irrigated soils with saline water significantly influences the growth of barley by influencing gas exchange parameters, mineral composition and water content, in a genotype-dependent manner. These results will serve on elucidating the genetic mechanisms underlying these variations to facilitate targeted improvements in barley's tolerance to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Boussora
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory LACO, Institute of Arid Lands of Medenine (IRA), Sreet El Djorf 22.5 km, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia.
| | - Tebra Triki
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory LACO, Institute of Arid Lands of Medenine (IRA), Sreet El Djorf 22.5 km, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Leila Bennani
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory LACO, Institute of Arid Lands of Medenine (IRA), Sreet El Djorf 22.5 km, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Bagues
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory LACO, Institute of Arid Lands of Medenine (IRA), Sreet El Djorf 22.5 km, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Ben Ali
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory LACO, Institute of Arid Lands of Medenine (IRA), Sreet El Djorf 22.5 km, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Ali Ferchichi
- Department of Rural Engineering, Water, and Forests GREF, National Institute of Agronomic Research of Tunis (INAT), 43 Charles Nicolle, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Ngaz
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory LACO, Institute of Arid Lands of Medenine (IRA), Sreet El Djorf 22.5 km, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Ferdaous Guasmi
- Drylands and Oases Cropping Laboratory LACO, Institute of Arid Lands of Medenine (IRA), Sreet El Djorf 22.5 km, 4119, Medenine, Tunisia
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12
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Tanveer M, Xing Z, Huang L, Wang L, Shabala S. Effects of superoxide radical on photosynthesis and K + and redox homeostasis in quinoa and spinach. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108886. [PMID: 38950461 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Methyl viologen (MV), also known as paraquat, is a widely used herbicide but has also been reported as highly toxic to different life forms. The mode of its operation is related to superoxide radical (O2.-) production and consequent oxidative damage. However, besides the damage to key macromolecules, reactive oxygen species (ROS; to which O2.- belongs) are also known as regulators of numerous ion transport systems located at cellular membranes. In this study, we used MV as a tool to probe the role of O2.- in regulating membrane-transport activity and systemic acquired tolerance in halophytic Chenopodium quinoa and glycophytic spinach plants. Both plant species showed growth reduction in terms of reduced shoot length, lower shoot fresh and dry weight, photosynthesis rate, and chlorophyll contents; however, quinoa showed less reduction in growth compared with spinach. This whole plant response was further examined by measuring the ion concentration, gene expression of ion transporters, activation of antioxidants, and osmolyte accumulation. We observed that at the mechanistic level, the differences in growth in response to MV were conferred by at least four complementary physiological mechanisms: (1) higher K+ loss from spinach leaves resulted from higher expression of MV-induced plasma membrane-based depolarization-activated K+ efflux GORK channel, (2) higher activation of high-affinity K+ uptake transporter HAK5 in quinoa, (3) higher antioxidant production and osmolyte accumulation in quinoa as compared with spinach, and (4) maintaining a higher rate of photosynthesis due to higher chlorophyll contents, and efficiency of photosystem II and reduced ROS and MDA contents. Obtained results also showed that MV induced O2.- significantly reduced N contents in both species but with more pronounced effects in glycophytic spinach. Taken together this study has shown the role of O2.- in regulating membrane ion transport and N metabolism in the leaves of halophyte vs. glycophyte in the context of oxidative stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Tanveer
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Zeming Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Liping Huang
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia.
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13
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Muthu-Pandian Chanthini K, Pavithra GS, Murugan P, Malarvizhi P, Deva-Andrews A, Ramasubramanian R, Thulasi-Raman N, Rajagopal R, Senthil-Nathan S, Malafaia G. Enhancement of root abscisic acid mediated osmotic regulation by macroalgal compounds promotes adaptability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to progressive metal ion mediated environmental stress. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119485. [PMID: 38917933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Soil deterioration is a major cause of poor agricultural productivity, necessitating sufficient nutrient inputs like fertilizers and amendments for sustainable use. As one such strategy, the current study evaluates the potential of Sargassum wightii, a brown seaweed extract, as an osmopriming agent to improve seed germination, early establishment, and competent seedling performances in acidic soil. The elemental makeup of seaweed extract (BS) showed that it included major plant macro (Potassium, Nitrogen and Phosphorous), as well as micronutrients (Magnesium and Iron) and trace elements (Zinc, Copper, and Molybdenum). While seed germination was impacted by H+ ion toxicity, seeds primed with BS emerged earlier and showed a higher germination percentage (98.2%) and energy (92.4%). BS treatments enhanced seedling growth by 63% and had a positive effect on root growth (68.2%) as well as increases in root surface area (10%) and volume (67.01%). Stressed seedlings had 76.39% and 63.2% less carotenoid and chlorophyll, respectively. In seedlings treated with BS, an increase in protein and Total Soluble Sugars content of 14.56 and 7.19%, respectively, was seen. Fourier Transform-Infra Red analysis of postharvest soil indicated improved soil health with absorbance corresponding to enhanced soil water holding capacity and organic matter. Increased abscisic acid synthesis rate and associated antioxidant enzyme system (Malondialdehyde, Glutathione peroxidases and ascorbate peroxidase) activation, along with enhanced H+ adenosine triphosphate-ase and glutathione activities, help ameliorate and deport H+ ions from cells, scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species, thus protecting cells from injury. Seaweed extract successfully reduced H+-induced ion toxicities in rice by promoting their germination, physiological, metabolically, and growth parameters that could ultimately increase their productivity and yield in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian Chanthini
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Ganesh-Subbaraja Pavithra
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Ponnusamy Murugan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Pauldurai Malarvizhi
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Arulsoosairaj Deva-Andrews
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Narayanan Thulasi-Raman
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India
| | - Rajakrishnan Rajagopal
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627 412, India.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, 71210, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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14
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Zhang L, Yang H, Zheng M, Zhou G, Yang Y, Liu S. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the regulatory mechanisms of Anoectochilus roxburghii in response to high-temperature stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:584. [PMID: 38898387 PMCID: PMC11188188 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High temperatures significantly affect the growth, development, and yield of plants. Anoectochilus roxburghii prefers a cool and humid environment, intolerant of high temperatures. It is necessary to enhance the heat tolerance of A. roxburghii and breed heat-tolerant varieties. Therefore, we studied the physiological indexes and transcriptome of A. roxburghii under different times of high-temperature stress treatments. RESULTS Under high-temperature stress, proline (Pro), H2O2 content increased, then decreased, then increased again, catalase (CAT) activity increased continuously, peroxidase (POD) activity decreased rapidly, then increased, then decreased again, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and soluble sugars (SS) content all decreased, then increased, and chlorophyll and soluble proteins (SP) content increased, then decreased. Transcriptomic investigation indicated that a total of 2740 DEGs were identified and numerous DEGs were notably enriched for "Plant-pathogen interaction" and "Plant hormone signal transduction". We identified a total of 32 genes in these two pathways that may be the key genes for resistance to high-temperature stress in A. roxburghii. CONCLUSIONS To sum up, the results of this study provide a reference for the molecular regulation of A. roxburghii's tolerance to high temperatures, which is useful for further cultivation of high-temperature-tolerant A. roxburghii varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Heyue Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mengxia Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guo Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuesheng Yang
- Southern Medicine Research Institute of Yunfu, Yunfu, China.
| | - Siwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Heny Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, ShaoGuan University, Shaoguan, 512005, China.
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15
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Hanif S, Farooq S, Kiani MZ, Zia M. Surface modified ZnO NPs by betaine and proline build up tomato plants against drought stress and increase fruit nutritional quality. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142671. [PMID: 38906183 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is a serious challenge for global food production. Nanofertilizers and nanocomposites cope with such environmental stresses and also increase nutritional contents of fruits. An in vitro experiment was designed to use Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) primed with Proline and Betaine (ZnOP and ZnOBt NPs) at 50 and 100 mg/kg soil against drought stress in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Plant morphological, biochemical, and fruit nutritional quality were accessed. Maximum plant height was observed under the treatment of ZnOP50 (1.09 m) and ZnO 100 (1.06 m). ZnOP and ZnOBt also improved the chlorophyll content up to 86% and 87.16%, respectively. Application of ZnOP NPs also demonstrated maximum tomato yield (204 g tomato/plant) followed by ZnO NPs and ZnOBt NPs. Nanocomposites decreased phenolics and flavonoids contents in drought stressed plants demonstrating the mitigation of oxidative stress. Nanofertilizer also increased the concentration of phenolics and flavonoids in fruits that increased the nutritional contents. Furthermore a significant accumulation of betaine, proline, and lycopene in fruits on nanocomposite treatment made it nutritional and healthy. Lycopene content increased up to 2.01% and 1.23% in presence of ZnOP50 and ZnOP100, respectively. These outcomes validate that drought stress in plant can be reduced by accumulation of different phytochemicals and quenching oxidative stress. The study deems that nano zinc carrying osmoregulators can greatly reduce the negative effects of drought stress and increase nutritional quality of tomato fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Hanif
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Snovia Farooq
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Misbah Zeb Kiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan, 45320, Pakistan.
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16
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Ali H, Mahmood I, Ali MF, Waheed A, Jawad H, Hussain S, Abasi F, Zulfiqar U, Siddiqui MH, Alamri S. Individual and interactive effects of amino acid and paracetamol on growth, physiological and biochemical aspects of Brassica napus L . under drought conditions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31544. [PMID: 38882271 PMCID: PMC11176763 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought stress poses a significant threat to Brassica napus (L.), impacting its growth, yield, and profitability. This study investigates the effects of foliar application of individual and interactive pharmaceutical (Paracetamol; 0 and 250 mg L-1) and amino acid (0 and 4 ml/L) on the growth, physiology, and yield of B. napus under drought stress. Seedlings were subjected to varying levels of drought stress (100% field capacity (FC; control) and 50% FC). Sole amino acid application significantly improved chlorophyll content, proline content, and relative water contents, as well as the activities of antioxidative enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase and catalase) while potentially decreased malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents under drought stress conditions. Pearson correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlations between these parameters and seed yield (R2 = 0.8-1), indicating their potential to enhance seed yield. On the contrary, sole application of paracetamol exhibited toxic effects on seedling growth and physiological aspects of B. napus. Furthermore, the combined application of paracetamol and amino acids disrupted physio-biochemical functions, leading to reduced yield. Overall, sole application of amino acids proves to be more effective in ameliorating the negative effects of drought on B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Ali
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Imran Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faizan Ali
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Alishba Waheed
- Department of Life Sciences, Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan Punjab, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Husnain Jawad
- Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, 38850, Pakistan
| | - Sadam Hussain
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Fozia Abasi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Wu Y, Sun Y, Wang W, Xie Z, Zhan C, Jin L, Huang J. OsJAZ10 negatively modulates the drought tolerance by integrating hormone signaling with systemic electrical activity in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108683. [PMID: 38714129 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) plays crucial functions in plant stress response, and the synergistic interaction between JA and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling is implicated to help plants adapt to environmental challenges, whereas the underlying molecular mechanism still needs to be revealed. Here, we report that OsJAZ10, a repressor in the JA signaling, represses rice drought tolerance via inhibition of JA and ABA biosynthesis. Function loss of OsJAZ10 markedly enhances, while overexpression of OsJAZ10ΔJas reduces rice drought tolerance. The osjaz10 mutant is more sensitive to exogenous ABA and MeJA, and produces higher levels of ABA and JA after drought treatment, indicating OsJAZ10 represses the biosynthesis of these two hormones. Mechanistic study demonstrated that OsJAZ10 physically interacts with OsMYC2. Transient transcriptional regulation assays showed that OsMYC2 activates the expression of ABA-biosynthetic gene OsNCED2, JA-biosynthetic gene OsAOC, and drought-responsive genes OsRAB21 and OsLEA3, while OsJAZ10 prevents OsMYC2 transactivation of these genes. Further, the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) confirmed that OsMYC2 directly binds to the promoters of OsNCED2 and OsRAB21. Electrical activity has been proposed to activate JA biosynthesis. Interestingly, OsJAZ10 inhibits the propagation of osmotic stress-elicited systemic electrical signals, indicated by the significantly increased PEG-elicited slow wave potentials (SWPs) in osjaz10 mutant, which is in accordance with the elevated JA levels. Collectively, our findings establish that OsJAZ10 functions as a negative regulator in rice drought tolerance by repressing JA and ABA biosynthesis, and reveal an important mechanism that plants integrate electrical events with hormone signaling to enhance the adaption to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Wanmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Zizhao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Chenghang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Liang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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18
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Nafees M, Ullah S, Ahmed I. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and biochar as bioeffectors and bioalleviators of drought stress in faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:653-666. [PMID: 37940775 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stressors, including drought stress, that are fatal to their growth and ability to produce under natural conditions. Therefore, the present study was intended to investigate the drought tolerance potential of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plants under the co-application of biochar and rhizobacteria, Cellulomonas pakistanensis (National Culture Collection of Pakistan (NCCP)11) and Sphingobacterium pakistanensis (NCCP246). The experiment was initiated by sowing the inoculated seeds with the aforementioned rhizobacterial strains in earthen pots filled with 3 kg of sand-mixed soil and 5% biochar. The morphology of biochar was observed with highly porous nature, along with the detection of various essential elements. The biochemical and physiological data showed that phenolic compounds and osmolytes were adversely affected by the induction of drought stress. However, the application of biochar and rhizobacteria boosted the level of flavonoids on average by 52.03%, total phenols by 50.67%, soluble sugar by 82.85%, proline by 76.81%, glycine betaine by 107.25%, and total protein contents by 89.18% in all co-treatments of biochar and rhizobacteria. In addition, stress indicator compounds, including malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and H2O2, were remarkably alleviated by 54.21% and 47.03%, respectively. Similarly, the amplitude of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase was also enhanced by 63.80%, 80.95%, 37.87%, and 58.20%, respectively, in all co-treatments of rhizobacteria and biochar. Conclusively, biochar and rhizobacteria have a magnificent role in enhancing the drought tolerance potential of crop plants by boosting the physio-biochemical traits and enhancing the level of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nafees
- Plant Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK-25120, Pakistan.
| | - Sami Ullah
- Plant Physiology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KPK-25120, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmed
- National Culture Collection of Pakistan (NCCP), Land Resources Research Institute (LRRI), National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan
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Su TH, Shen Y, Chiang YY, Liu YT, You HM, Lin HC, Kung KN, Huang YM, Lai CM. Species selection as a key factor in the afforestation of coastal salt-affected lands: Insights from pot and field experiments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 360:121126. [PMID: 38761629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a significant global issue that leads to land degradation and loss of ecological function. In coastal areas, salinization hampers vegetation growth, and forestation efforts can accelerate the recovery of ecological functions and enhance resilience to extreme climates. However, the salinity tolerance of tree species varies due to complex biological factors, and results between lab/greenhouse and field studies are often inconsistent. Moreover, in salinized areas affected by extreme climatic and human impacts, afforestation with indigenous species may face adaptability challenges. Therefore, it is crucial to select appropriate cross-species salinity tolerance indicators that have been validated in the field to enhance the success of afforestation and reforestation efforts. This study focuses on five native coastal tree species in Taiwan, conducting afforestation experiments on salt-affected soils mixed with construction and demolition waste. It integrates short-term controlled experiments with potted seedlings and long-term field observations to establish growth performance and physiological and biochemical parameters indicative of salinity tolerance. Results showed that Heritiera littoralis Dryand. exhibited the highest salinity tolerance, accumulating significant leaf proline under increased salinity. Conversely, Melia azedarach Linn. had the lowest tolerance, evidenced by complete defoliation and reduced biomass under salt stress. Generally, the field growth performance of these species aligns with the results of short-term pot experiments. Leaf malondialdehyde content from pot experiments proved to be a reliable cross-species salinity tolerance indicator, correlating negatively with field relative height growth and survival rates. Additionally, parameters related to the photosynthetic system or water status, measured using portable devices, also moderately indicated field survival, aiding in identifying potential salt-tolerant tree species. This study underscores the pivotal role of species selection in afforestation success, demonstrating that small-scale, short-term salinity control experiments coupled with appropriate assessment tools can effectively identify species suitable for highly saline and degraded environments. This approach not only increases the success of afforestation but also conserves resources needed for field replanting and maintenance, supporting sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hao Su
- Silviculture Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, 100060, Taiwan
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 402202, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Yu Chiang
- Silviculture Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, 100060, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Liu
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 402202, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ming You
- Silviculture Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, 100060, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Lin
- Silviculture Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, 100060, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ning Kung
- Chiayi Research Center, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Chiayi City, 600054, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Moan Huang
- Forest Ecology Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, 100060, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Lai
- Silviculture Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei City, 100060, Taiwan.
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20
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Skrzypczak D, Trzaska K, Mironiuk M, Mikula K, Izydorczyk G, Polomska X, Wiśniewski J, Mielko K, Moustakas K, Chojnacka K. Recent innovations in fertilization with treated digestate from food waste to recover nutrients for arid agricultural fields. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:41563-41585. [PMID: 38049688 PMCID: PMC11219367 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the development of sustainable fertilizers from waste materials of a biogas plant and a brewery. These wastes, rich in organic carbon and nitrogen, were processed with sulfuric(VI) and phosphoric(V) acid mixture, facilitating the production of free amino acids and achieving waste sanitization. This treatment produced by-products, which extended the range of possible applications. The highest concentration of free amino acids (360 mg/l) was achieved through hydrolyzing with a 40% concentration medium over 24 h. In this case, the maximum levels were recorded for beta-alanine (69.3 mg/l), glycine (46.8 mg/l), isoleucine (43.5 mg/l), proline (36.2 mg/l), and valine (31.5 mg/l). The study presents two fertilizer technologies, with and without micronutrients, that satisfy European Parliament Regulation 2019/1009 (Ntot > 2%, Norg > 0.5%, Corg > 3%). Bioavailability of nutrients in the formulations ranged from 60 to 100%. The efficacies of these fertilizers were evaluated in 30-day pot trials with various plant species, with both single application and fertigation tested. Multielement analysis confirmed high nutrient transfer in the soil-plant system, and the inclusion of micronutrients led to biofortification of plant biomass in Cu (48.3 ± 7.2 mg/kg), Mn (249 ± 37 mg/kg), Zn (164 ± 25 mg/kg), and Fe (211 ± 32 mg/kg). These sustainable fertilizers present an alternative to traditional, non-renewable fertilizers and offer promising solutions for precision agriculture and environmentally conscious production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Trzaska
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Mironiuk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mikula
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Xymena Polomska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Lower Silesia, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wiśniewski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 2, 50-371, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Mielko
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 2, 50-371, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lower Silesia, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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21
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Rasouli F, Jalalian S, Hayati F, Hassanpouraghdam MB, Asadi M, Ebrahimzadeh A, Puglisi I, Baglieri A. Salicylic acid foliar application meliorates Portulaca oleraceae L. growth responses under Pb and Ni over-availability while keeping reliable phytoremediation potential. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38819100 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2357634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The efficacy of SA foliar use on Pb and Ni-induced stress tolerance and phytoremediation potential by Portulaca oleraceae L. were assayed as a factorial trial based on a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The factors included; SA foliar application (0 and 100 µM) and HMs application of Pb [0, 150, and 225 mg kg-1 soil Lead (II) nitrate] and Ni [0, 220, and 330 mg kg-1 soil Nickel (II) nitrate]. Plant height, stem diameter, shoot and root fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble proteins, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, and some macro- and micro-elements contents were reduced facing the HMs stress, but SA foliar application ameliorated these traits. HMs stress increased malondialdehyde content, total antioxidant activity, total flavonoids, phenolics, and linolenic acid content, while SA foliar application declined the mentioned parameters. Moreover, shoot and root Pb and Ni content enhanced in the purslane plants supplemented by SA under the HMs stress. The results propose SA foliar application as a reliable methodology to recover purslane growth characters and fatty acid profiles in the soil contaminated with the HMs. The idea is that SA would be potentially effective in alleviating HMs contamination while keeping reasonable phytoremediation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Rasouli
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Sahar Jalalian
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Faezeh Hayati
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Asadi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Asghar Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Ivana Puglisi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Baglieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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22
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Saeed S, Ullah S, Amin F, Al-Hawadi JS, Okla MK, Alaraidh IA, AbdElgawad H, Liu K, Harrison MT, Saud S, Hassan S, Nawaz T, Zhu M, Liu H, Khan MA, Fahad S. Salicylic acid and Tocopherol improve wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Physio-biochemical and agronomic features grown in deep sowing stress: a way forward towards sustainable production. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:477. [PMID: 38816803 PMCID: PMC11137976 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of germination and other physiological characteristics of seeds that are germinating are impacted by deep sowing. Based on the results of earlier studies, conclusions were drawn that deep sowing altered the physio-biochemical and agronomic characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). RESULTS In this study, seeds of wheat were sown at 2 (control) and 6 cm depth and the impact of exogenously applied salicylic acid and tocopherol (Vitamin-E) on its physio-biochemical and agronomic features was assessed. As a result, seeds grown at 2 cm depth witnessed an increase in mean germination time, germination percentage, germination rate index, germination energy, and seed vigor index. In contrast, 6 cm deep sowing resulted in negatively affecting all the aforementioned agronomic characteristics. In addition, deep planting led to a rise in MDA, glutathione reductase, and antioxidants enzymes including APX, POD, and SOD concentration. Moreover, the concentration of chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids, proline, protein, sugar, hydrogen peroxide, and agronomic attributes was boosted significantly with exogenously applied salicylic acid and tocopherol under deep sowing stress. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study showed that the depth of seed sowing has an impact on agronomic and physio-biochemical characteristics and that the negative effects of deep sowing stress can be reduced by applying salicylic acid and tocopherol to the leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Saeed
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Fazal Amin
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohammad K Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Alaraidh
- Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Ke Liu
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Matthew Tom Harrison
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Shah Saud
- College of Life Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Shah Hassan
- Department of Agricultural Extension Education & Communication, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Taufiq Nawaz
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
| | - Mo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P.R. China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P.R. China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, Xinxiang, 453000, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Khan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23561, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA.
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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23
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Luo Q, Ma Y, Xie H, Chang F, Guan C, Yang B, Ma Y. Proline Metabolism in Response to Climate Extremes in Hairgrass. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1408. [PMID: 38794479 PMCID: PMC11125208 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa), a widely distributed grass species considered promising in the ecological restoration of degraded grassland in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, is likely to be subjected to frequent drought and waterlogging stress due to ongoing climate change, further aggravating the degradation of grassland in this region. However, whether it would acclimate to water stresses resulting from extreme climates remains unknown. Proline accumulation is a crucial metabolic response of plants to challenging environmental conditions. This study aims to investigate the changes in proline accumulation and key enzymes in hairgrass shoot and root tissues in response to distinct climate extremes including moderate drought, moderate waterlogging, and dry-wet variations over 28 days using a completely randomized block design. The proline accumulation, contribution of the glutamate and ornithine pathways, and key enzyme activities related to proline metabolism in shoot and root tissues were examined. The results showed that water stress led to proline accumulation in both shoot and root tissues of hairgrass, highlighting the importance of this osmoprotectant in mitigating the effects of environmental challenges. The differential accumulation of proline in shoots compared to roots suggests a strategic allocation of resources by the plant to cope with osmotic stress. Enzymatic activities related to proline metabolism, such as Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, ornithine aminotransferase, Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase, Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, and proline dehydrogenase, further emphasize the dynamic regulation of proline levels in hairgrass under water stress conditions. These findings support the potential for enhancing the stress resistance of hairgrass through the genetic manipulation of proline biosynthesis and catabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Luo
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai South of Qilian Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Huzhu 810500, China
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yonggui Ma
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Huichun Xie
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai South of Qilian Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Huzhu 810500, China
| | - Feifei Chang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Chiming Guan
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Yushou Ma
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810008, China
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24
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Kolomeichuk LV, Murgan OK, Danilova ED, Serafimovich MV, Khripach VA, Litvinovskaya RP, Sauchuk AL, Denisiuk DV, Zhabinskii VN, Kuznetsov VV, Efimova MV. Effects of Lactone- and Ketone-Brassinosteroids of the 28-Homobrassinolide Series on Barley Plants under Water Deficit. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1345. [PMID: 38794416 PMCID: PMC11124923 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the ability of 28-homobrassinolide (HBL) and 28-homocastasterone (HCS) to increase the resistance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants to drought and to alter their endogenous brassinosteroid status. Germinated barley seeds were treated with 0.1 nM HBL or HCS solutions for two hours. A water deficit was created by stopping the watering of 7-day-old plants for the next two weeks. Plants responded to drought through growth inhibition, impaired water status, increased lipid peroxidation, differential effects on antioxidant enzymes, intense proline accumulation, altered expression of genes involved in metabolism, and decreased endogenous contents of hormones (28-homobrassinolide, B-ketones, and B-lactones). Pretreatment of plants with HBL reduced the inhibitory effect of drought on fresh and dry biomass accumulation and relative water content, whereas HCS partially reversed the negative effect of drought on fresh biomass accumulation, reduced the intensity of lipid peroxidation, and increased the osmotic potential. Compared with drought stress alone, pretreatment of plants with HCS or HBL followed by drought increased superoxide dismutase activity sevenfold or threefold and catalase activity (by 36%). The short-term action of HBL and HCS in subsequent drought conditions partially restored the endogenous B-ketone and B-lactone contents. Thus, the steroidal phytohormones HBL and HCS increased barley plant resistance to subsequent drought, showing some specificity of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya V. Kolomeichuk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.V.K.); (O.K.M.); (E.D.D.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Ol’ga K. Murgan
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.V.K.); (O.K.M.); (E.D.D.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Elena D. Danilova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.V.K.); (O.K.M.); (E.D.D.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Mariya V. Serafimovich
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.V.K.); (O.K.M.); (E.D.D.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Vladimir A. Khripach
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Street 5/2, 220084 Minsk, Belarus; (V.A.K.); (A.L.S.); (V.N.Z.)
| | - Raisa P. Litvinovskaya
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Street 5/2, 220084 Minsk, Belarus; (V.A.K.); (A.L.S.); (V.N.Z.)
| | - Alina L. Sauchuk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Street 5/2, 220084 Minsk, Belarus; (V.A.K.); (A.L.S.); (V.N.Z.)
| | - Daria V. Denisiuk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Street 5/2, 220084 Minsk, Belarus; (V.A.K.); (A.L.S.); (V.N.Z.)
| | - Vladimir N. Zhabinskii
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Street 5/2, 220084 Minsk, Belarus; (V.A.K.); (A.L.S.); (V.N.Z.)
| | - Vladimir V. Kuznetsov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.V.K.); (O.K.M.); (E.D.D.); (M.V.S.)
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia;
| | - Marina V. Efimova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.V.K.); (O.K.M.); (E.D.D.); (M.V.S.)
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25
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Yan W, Sharif R, Sohail H, Zhu Y, Chen X, Xu X. Surviving a Double-Edged Sword: Response of Horticultural Crops to Multiple Abiotic Stressors. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5199. [PMID: 38791235 PMCID: PMC11121501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change-induced weather events, such as extreme temperatures, prolonged drought spells, or flooding, pose an enormous risk to crop productivity. Studies on the implications of multiple stresses may vary from those on a single stress. Usually, these stresses coincide, amplifying the extent of collateral damage and contributing to significant financial losses. The breadth of investigations focusing on the response of horticultural crops to a single abiotic stress is immense. However, the tolerance mechanisms of horticultural crops to multiple abiotic stresses remain poorly understood. In this review, we described the most prevalent types of abiotic stresses that occur simultaneously and discussed them in in-depth detail regarding the physiological and molecular responses of horticultural crops. In particular, we discussed the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and metabolic responses of horticultural crops to multiple abiotic stresses. Strategies to breed multi-stress-resilient lines have been presented. Our manuscript presents an interesting amount of proposed knowledge that could be valuable in generating resilient genotypes for multiple stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yan
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.Y.); (R.S.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Rahat Sharif
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.Y.); (R.S.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Hamza Sohail
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.Y.); (R.S.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.Y.); (R.S.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Xuehao Chen
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.Y.); (R.S.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.Y.); (R.S.); (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (X.C.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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26
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Xu Z, Bai Q, Peng X, Lang D, Zhang X. Endophytic Bacillus pumilus G5 Interacting with Silicon to Improve Drought Stress Resilience in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. by Modulating Nitrogen Absorption, Assimilation, and Metabolism Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10257-10270. [PMID: 38661009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress has become the primary severe threat to global agriculture production, including medicinal plants. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and environmentally friendly element silicon (Si) have emerged as effective methods in alleviating drought stress in various plants. Here, the effects of the plant endophytic G5 interaction with Si on regulating nitrogen absorption, assimilation, and metabolism pathways were investigated in the morphophysiological and gene attributes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis exposed to drought. Results showed that G5+Si application improved nitrogen absorption and assimilation by increasing the available nitrogen content in the soil, further improving the nitrogen utilization efficiency. Then, G5+Si triggered the accumulation of the major adjustment substances proline, γ-aminobutyric acid, putrescine, and chlorophyll, which played an important role in contributing to maintaining balance and energy supply in G. uralensis exposed to drought. These findings will provide new ideas for the combined application of PGPR and Si on both soil and plant systems in a drought habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanchao Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qiuxian Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueying Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Duoyong Lang
- College of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinhui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characterizistic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China
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Kandhol N, Rai P, Mishra V, Pandey S, Kumar S, Deshmukh R, Sharma S, Singh VP, Tripathi DK. Silicon regulates phosphate deficiency through involvement of auxin and nitric oxide in barley roots. PLANTA 2024; 259:144. [PMID: 38709333 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Silicon application mitigates phosphate deficiency in barley through an interplay with auxin and nitric oxide, enhancing growth, photosynthesis, and redox balance, highlighting the potential of silicon as a fertilizer for overcoming nutritional stresses. Silicon (Si) is reported to attenuate nutritional stresses in plants, but studies on the effect of Si application to plants grown under phosphate (Pi) deficiency are still very scarce, especially in barley. Therefore, the present work was undertaken to investigate the potential role of Si in mitigating the adverse impacts of Pi deficiency in barley Hordeum vulgare L. (var. BH902). Further, the involvement of two key regulatory signaling molecules--auxin and nitric oxide (NO)--in Si-induced tolerance against Pi deficiency in barley was tested. Morphological attributes, photosynthetic parameters, oxidative stress markers (O2·-, H2O2, and MDA), antioxidant system (enzymatic--APX, CAT, SOD, GR, DHAR, MDHAR as well as non-enzymatic--AsA and GSH), NO content, and proline metabolism were the key traits that were assessed under different treatments. The P deficiency distinctly declined growth of barley seedlings, which was due to enhancement in oxidative stress leading to inhibition of photosynthesis. These results were also in parallel with an enhancement in antioxidant activity, particularly SOD and CAT, and endogenous proline level and its biosynthetic enzyme (P5CS). The addition of Si exhibited beneficial effects on barley plants grown in Pi-deficient medium as reflected in increased growth, photosynthetic activity, and redox balance through the regulation of antioxidant machinery particularly ascorbate-glutathione cycle. We noticed that auxin and NO were also found to be independently participating in Si-mediated improvement of growth and other parameters in barley roots under Pi deficiency. Data of gene expression analysis for PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1 (HvPHT1) indicate that Si helps in increasing Pi uptake as per the need of Pi-deficient barley seedlings, and also auxin and NO both appear to help Si in accomplishing this task probably by inducing lateral root formation. These results are suggestive of possible application of Si as a fertilizer to correct the negative effects of nutritional stresses in plants. Further research at genetic level to understand Si-induced mechanisms for mitigating Pi deficiency can be helpful in the development of new varieties with improved tolerance against Pi deficiency, especially for cultivation in areas with Pi-deficient soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Kandhol
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India
| | - Vipul Mishra
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India
| | - Sangeeta Pandey
- Plant and Microbe Interaction Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Functional Polymer Material Lab, Department of Chemistry, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208002, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India.
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India.
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28
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Belachew KY, Skovbjerg CK, Andersen SU, Stoddard FL. Phenotyping revealed tolerance traits and genotypes for acidity and aluminum toxicity in European Vicia faba L. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14404. [PMID: 38922894 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Soil acidity is a global issue; soils with pH <4.5 are widespread in Europe. This acidity adversely affects nutrient availability to plants; pH levels <5.0 lead to aluminum (Al3+) toxicity, a significant problem that hinders root growth and nutrient uptake in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and its symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium. However, little is known about the specific traits and tolerant genotypes among the European faba beans. This study aimed to identify response traits associated with tolerance to root zone acidity and Al3+ toxicity and potentially tolerant genotypes for future breeding efforts. Germplasm survey was conducted using 165 genotypes in a greenhouse aquaponics system. Data on the root and shoot systems were collected. Subsequently, 12 genotypes were selected for further phenotyping in peat medium, where data on physiological and morphological parameters were recorded along with biochemical responses in four selected genotypes. In the germplasm survey, about 30% of genotypes showed tolerance to acidity and approximately 10% exhibited tolerance to Al3+, while 7% showed tolerance to both. The phenotyping experiment indicated diverse morphological and physiological responses among treatments and genotypes. Acid and Al3+ increased proline concentration. Interaction between genotype and environment was observed for ascorbate peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde, and proline concentrations. Genomic markers associated with acidity and acid+Al3+-toxicity tolerances were identified using GWAS analysis. Four faba bean genotypes with varying levels of tolerance to acidity and Al3+ toxicity were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiflemariam Y Belachew
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Horticulture, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Stig U Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frederick L Stoddard
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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29
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John A, Krämer M, Lehmann M, Kunz HH, Aarabi F, Alseekh S, Fernie A, Sommer F, Schroda M, Zimmer D, Mühlhaus T, Peisker H, Gutbrod K, Dörmann P, Neunzig J, Philippar K, Neuhaus HE. Degradation of FATTY ACID EXPORT PROTEIN1 by RHOMBOID-LIKE PROTEASE11 contributes to cold tolerance in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1937-1962. [PMID: 38242838 PMCID: PMC11062452 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants need to acclimate to different stresses to optimize growth under unfavorable conditions. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the abundance of the chloroplast envelope protein FATTY ACID EXPORT PROTEIN1 (FAX1) decreases after the onset of low temperatures. However, how FAX1 degradation occurs and whether altered FAX1 abundance contributes to cold tolerance in plants remains unclear. The rapid cold-induced increase in RHOMBOID-LIKE PROTEASE11 (RBL11) transcript levels, the physical interaction of RBL11 with FAX1, the specific FAX1 degradation after RBL11 expression, and the absence of cold-induced FAX1 degradation in rbl11 loss-of-function mutants suggest that this enzyme is responsible for FAX1 degradation. Proteomic analyses showed that rbl11 mutants have higher levels of FAX1 and other proteins involved in membrane lipid homeostasis, suggesting that RBL11 is a key element in the remodeling of membrane properties during cold conditions. Consequently, in the cold, rbl11 mutants show a shift in lipid biosynthesis toward the eukaryotic pathway, which coincides with impaired cold tolerance. To test whether cold sensitivity is due to increased FAX1 levels, we analyzed FAX1 overexpressors. The rbl11 mutants and FAX1 overexpressor lines show superimposable phenotypic defects upon exposure to cold temperatures. Our re-sults show that the cold-induced degradation of FAX1 by RBL11 is critical for Arabidop-sis to survive cold and freezing periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa John
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Moritz Krämer
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Kunz
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Fayezeh Aarabi
- Max Planck Institut for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institut for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Alisdair Fernie
- Max Planck Institut for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Frederik Sommer
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Michael Schroda
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - David Zimmer
- Computational Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Timo Mühlhaus
- Computational Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Helga Peisker
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, IMBIO, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - Katharina Gutbrod
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, IMBIO, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - Peter Dörmann
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, IMBIO, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - Jens Neunzig
- Plant Biology, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
| | - Katrin Philippar
- Plant Biology, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
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30
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Liao Z, Liu L, Rennenberg H, Du B. Water deprivation modifies the metabolic profile of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) leaves. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14365. [PMID: 38802725 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Lavender plantation is globally expanded due to the increasing demand of its essential oil and its popularity as an ornamental species. However, lavender plantations, and consequently essential oil industries, are threatened by more frequent and severe drought episodes in a globally changing climate. Still little is known about the changes in the general metabolome, which provides the precursors of essential oil production, by extended drought events. Prolonged drought fundamentally results in yield losses and changing essential oil composition. In the present study, the general metabolome of a main cultivated lavender species (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) in response to water deprivation (WD) and re-watering was analyzed to identify the metabolomics responses. We found prolonged WD resulted in significant accumulations of glucose, 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucose, sucrose, melezitose and raffinose, but declines of allulose, β-D-allose, altrose, fructose and D-cellobiose accompanied by decreased organic acids abundances. Amino acids and aromatic compounds of p-coumaric acid, hydrocaffeic acid and caffeic acid significantly accumulated at prolonged WD, whereas aromatics of cis-ferulic acid, taxifolin and two fatty acids (i.e., palmitic acid and stearic acid) significantly decreased. Prolonged WD also resulted in decreased abundances of polyols, particularly myo-inositol, galactinol and arabitol. The altered metabolite profiles by prolonged WD were mostly not recovered after re-watering, except for branched-chain amino acids, proline, serine and threonine. Our study illustrates the complex changes of leaf primary and secondary metabolic processes of L. angustifolia by drought events and highlights the potential impact of these precursors of essential oil production on the lavender industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqiao Liao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
- Ecological Security and Protection Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
- Ecological Security and Protection Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, China
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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31
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Huang F, Lei Y, Duan J, Kang Y, Luo Y, Ding D, Chen Y, Li S. Investigation of heat stress responses and adaptation mechanisms by integrative metabolome and transcriptome analysis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). Sci Rep 2024; 14:10023. [PMID: 38693343 PMCID: PMC11063163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Extreme high temperature has deleterious impact on the yield and quality of tea production, which has aroused the attention of growers and breeders. However, the mechanisms by which tea plant varieties respond to extreme environmental heat is not clear. In this study, we analyzed physiological indices, metabolites and transcriptome differences in three different heat-tolerant tea plant F1 hybrid progenies. Results showed that the antioxidant enzyme activity, proline, and malondialdehyde were significantly decreased in heat-sensitive 'FWS' variety, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen molecules such as H2O2 and O2- was remarkably increased during heat stress. Metabolomic analysis was used to investigate the metabolite accumulation pattern of different varieties in response to heat stress. The result showed that a total of 810 metabolites were identified and more than 300 metabolites were differentially accumulated. Transcriptional profiling of three tea varieties found that such genes encoding proteins with chaperon domains were preferentially expressed in heat-tolerant varieties under heat stress, including universal stress protein (USP32, USP-like), chaperonin-like protein 2 (CLP2), small heat shock protein (HSP18.1), and late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA5). Combining metabolomic with transcriptomic analyses discovered that the flavonoids biosynthesis pathway was affected by heat stress and most flavonols were up-regulated in heat-tolerant varieties, which owe to the preferential expression of key FLS genes controlling flavonol biosynthesis. Take together, molecular chaperons, or chaperon-like proteins, flavonols accumulation collaboratively contributed to the heat stress adaptation in tea plant. The present study elucidated the differences in metabolite accumulation and gene expression patterns among three different heat-tolerant tea varieties under extreme ambient high temperatures, which helps to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of tea plant adaptation to heat stress, and provides a reference for the breeding of heat-tolerant tea plant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyi Huang
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Jihua Duan
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yankai Kang
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Saijun Li
- Tea Research Institute in Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Small and Medium Leaf Tea Plant Germplasm Resource Nursery (Changsha)/National Centre for Tea Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410125, China.
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32
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Liu Z, Wang P, Wang Z, Wang C, Wang Y. Birch WRKY transcription factor, BpWRKY32, confers salt tolerance by mediating stomatal closing, proline accumulation, and reactive oxygen species scavenging. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108599. [PMID: 38583313 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Plant WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play important roles in abiotic stress responses. However, how WRKY facilitate physiological changes to confer salt tolerance still needs to be studied. Here, we identified a WRKY TF from birch (Betula platyphylla Suk), BpWRKY32, which is significantly (P < 0.05) induced by salt stress. BpWRKY32 binds to W-box motif and is located in the nucleus. Under salt stress conditions, fresh weights (FW) of OE lines (BpWRKY32 overexpression lines) are increased by 66.36% than that of WT, while FW of knockout of BpWRKY32 (bpwrky32) lines are reduced by 39.49% compared with WT. BpWRKY32 regulates the expression of BpRHC1, BpNRT1, and BpMYB61 to reduce stomatal, and width-length ratio of the stomatal aperture in OE lines are reduced by 46.23% and 64.72% compared with in WT and bpwrky32 lines. BpWRKY32 induces P5CS expression, but inhibits P5CDH expression, leading to the proline content in OE lines are increased by 33.41% and 97.58% compared with WT and bpwrky32 lines. Additionally, BpWRKY32 regulates genes encoding SOD and POD family members, which correspondingly increases the activities of SOD and POD. These results suggested that BpWRKY32 regulates target genes to reduce the water loss rate, enhance the osmotic potential, and reduce the ROS accumulation, leading to improved salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Pengyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Zhibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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33
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Hussain M, Hafeez A, Rizwan M, Rasheed R, Seleiman MF, Ashraf MA, Ali S, Farooq U, Nafees M. Pervasive influence of heavy metals on metabolic pathways is potentially relieved by hesperidin to enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of Bassia scoparia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34526-34549. [PMID: 38709411 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Hesperidin (HSP), a flavonoid, is a potent antioxidant, metal chelator, mediator of signaling pathways, and regulator of metal uptake in plants. The study examined the ameliorative effects of HSP (100 μM) on Bassia scoparia grown under excessive levels of heavy metals (zinc (500 mg kg-1), copper (400 mg kg-1), cadmium (100 mg kg-1), and chromium (100 mg kg-1)). The study clarifies the underlying mechanisms by which HSP lessens metabolic mayhem to enhance metal stress tolerance and phytoremediation efficiency of Bassia scoparia. Plants manifested diminished growth because of a drop in chlorophyll content and nutrient acquisition, along with exacerbated deterioration of cellular membranes reflected in elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and relative membrane permeability. Besides the colossal production of cytotoxic methylglyoxal, the activity of lipoxygenase was also higher in plants under metal toxicity. Conversely, hesperidin suppressed the production of cytotoxic ROS and methylglyoxal. Hesperidin improved oxidative defense that protected membrane integrity. Hesperidin caused a more significant accumulation of osmolytes, non-protein thiols, and phytochelatins, thereby rendering metal ions non-toxic. Hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide endogenous levels were intricately maintained higher in plants treated with HSP. Hesperidin increased metal accumulation in Bassia scoparia and thereby had the potential to promote the reclamation of metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Hafeez
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud F Seleiman
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Umer Farooq
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 21023, Jiangsu, China
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34
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Hunziker S, Nazarova T, Kather M, Hartmann M, Brunner I, Schaub M, Rigling A, Hug C, Schönbeck L, Bose AK, Kammerer B, Gessler A. The metabolic fingerprint of Scots pine-root and needle metabolites show different patterns in dying trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpae036. [PMID: 38526975 PMCID: PMC11056600 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The loss of leaves and needles in tree crowns and tree mortality are increasing worldwide, mostly as a result of more frequent and severe drought stress. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is a tree species that is strongly affected by these developments in many regions of Europe and Asia. So far, changes in metabolic pathways and metabolite profiles in needles and roots on the trajectory toward mortality are unknown, although they could contribute to a better understanding of the mortality mechanisms. Therefore, we linked long-term observations of canopy defoliation and tree mortality with the characterization of the primary metabolite profile in needles and fine roots of Scots pines from a forest site in the Swiss Rhone valley. Our results show that Scots pines are able to maintain metabolic homeostasis in needles over a wide range of canopy defoliation levels. However, there is a metabolic tipping point at around 80-85% needle loss. Above this threshold, many stress-related metabolites (particularly osmoprotectants, defense compounds and antioxidants) increase in the needles, whereas they decrease in the fine roots. If this defoliation tipping point is exceeded, the trees are very likely to die within a few years. The different patterns between needles and roots indicate that mainly belowground carbon starvation impairs key functions for tree survival and suggest that this is an important factor explaining the increasing mortality of Scots pines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hunziker
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Tatiana Nazarova
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Michel Kather
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79014, Germany
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Ivano Brunner
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Schaub
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Rigling
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Christian Hug
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Leonie Schönbeck
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 9252, USA
| | - Arun K Bose
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
- Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79014, Germany
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
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35
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El-Saadony MT, Desoky ESM, El-Tarabily KA, AbuQamar SF, Saad AM. Exploiting the role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in reducing heavy metal toxicity of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27465-27484. [PMID: 38512572 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32874-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Microorganisms are cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative methods for removing heavy metals (HM) from contaminated agricultural soils. Therefore, this study aims to identify and characterize HM-tolerant (HMT) plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from industry-contaminated soils to determine their impact as bioremediators on HM-stressed pepper plants. Four isolates [Pseudomonas azotoformans (Pa), Serratia rubidaea (Sr), Paenibacillus pabuli (Pp) and Bacillus velezensis (Bv)] were identified based on their remarkable levels of HM tolerance in vitro. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the growth promotion and tolerance to HM toxicity of pepper plants grown in HM-polluted soils. Plants exposed to HM stress showed improved growth, physio-biochemistry, and antioxidant defense system components when treated with any of the individual isolates, in contrast to the control group that did not receive PGPR. The combined treatment of the tested HMT PGPR was, however, relatively superior to other treatments. Compared to no or single PGPR treatment, the consortia (Pa+Sr+Pp+Bv) increased the photosynthetic pigment contents, relative water content, and membrane stability index but lowered the electrolyte leakage and contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide by suppressing the (non) enzymatic antioxidants in plant tissues. In pepper, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Ni contents decreased by 88.0-88.5, 63.8-66.5, 66.2-67.0, and 90.2-90.9% in leaves, and 87.2-88.1, 69.4-70.0%, 80.0-81.3, and 92.3%% in fruits, respectively. Thus, these PGPR are highly effective at immobilizing HM and reducing translocation in planta. These findings indicate that the application of HMT PGPR could be a promising "bioremediation" strategy to enhance growth and productivity of crops cultivated in soils contaminated with HM for sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed M Desoky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 6150, W.A., Murdoch, Australia
| | - Synan F AbuQamar
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ahmed M Saad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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Gao J, Guo W, Liu Q, Liu M, Shang C, Song Y, Hao R, Li L, Feng X. The Physiological Response of Apricot Flowers to Low-Temperature Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1002. [PMID: 38611530 PMCID: PMC11013032 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The growth and development of apricot flower organs are severely impacted by spring frosts. To better understand this process, apricot flowers were exposed to temperatures ranging from 0 °C to -8 °C, including a control at 18 °C, in artificial incubators to mimic diverse low-temperature environments. We aimed to examine their physiological reactions to cold stress, with an emphasis on changes in phenotype, membrane stability, osmotic substance levels, and antioxidant enzyme performance. Results reveal that cold stress induces significant browning and cellular damage, with a sharp increase in browning rate and membrane permeability below -5 °C. Soluble sugars and proteins initially rise as osmoprotectants, but their content decreases at lower temperatures. Proline content consistently increases, suggesting a protective role. Antioxidant enzyme activities, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), exhibit a complex pattern, with initial increases followed by declines at more severe cold conditions. Correlation and principal component analyses highlight the interplay between these responses, indicating a multifaceted adaptation strategy. The findings contribute to the understanding of apricot cold tolerance and inform breeding efforts for improved crop resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Liulin Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (J.G.); (W.G.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.S.); (Y.S.); (R.H.)
| | - Xinxin Feng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China; (J.G.); (W.G.); (Q.L.); (M.L.); (C.S.); (Y.S.); (R.H.)
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Mohammed KAS, Hussein HM, Elshamly AMS. Monitoring plant responses in field-grown peanuts exposed to exogenously applied chitosan under full and limited irrigation levels. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6244. [PMID: 38485993 PMCID: PMC10940646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, numerous studies have examined the effects of climate change on the responses of plants. These studies have primarily examined the effects of solitary stress on plants, neglecting the simultaneous effects of mixed stress, which are anticipated to transpire frequently as a result of the extreme climatic fluctuations. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of applied chitosan on boosting the resistance responses of peanuts to alkali and mixed drought-alkali stresses. Peanuts were grown in mid-alkaline soil and irrigated with full irrigation water requirements (100%IR), represented alkali condition (100% IR × alkali soil) and stress conditions (70% IR × alkali soil-represented mixed drought-alkali conditions). Additionally, the plants were either untreated or treated with foliar chitosan. The study evaluated various plant physio-chemical characteristics, including element contents (leaves and roots), seed yield, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Plants that experienced solitary alkali stress were found to be more vulnerable. However, chitosan applications were effective for reducing (soil pH and sodium absorption), alongside promoting examined physio-chemical measurements, yield traits, and IWUE. Importantly, when chitosan was applied under alkali conditions, the accumulations of (phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper) in leaves and roots were maximized. Under mixed drought-alkali stresses, the results revealed a reduction in yield, reaching about 5.1 and 5.8% lower than under (100% IR × alkali), in the first and second seasons, respectively. Interestingly, treated plants under mixed drought-alkali stresses with chitosan recorded highest values of relative water content, proline, yield, IWUE, and nutrient uptake of (nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium) as well as the lowest sodium content in leaves and roots. Enhances the accumulation of (N, K, and Mg) instead of (phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper) was the primary plant response to chitosan applications, which averted severe damage caused by mixed drought-alkali conditions, over time. These findings provide a framework of the nutrient homeostasis changes induced by chitosan under mixed stresses. Based on the findings, it is recommended under mixed drought-alkali conditions to treat plants with chitosan. This approach offers a promising perspective for achieving optimal yield with reduced water usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem A S Mohammed
- Institute of African and Nile Basin Countries Research and Studies, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Hussein Mohamed Hussein
- Institute of African and Nile Basin Countries Research and Studies, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Water Studies and Research Complex. National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman M S Elshamly
- Water Studies and Research Complex. National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
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Sato H, Mizoi J, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Complex plant responses to drought and heat stress under climate change. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1873-1892. [PMID: 38168757 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change is predicted to result in increased yield losses of agricultural crops caused by environmental conditions. In particular, heat and drought stress are major factors that negatively affect plant development and reproduction, and previous studies have revealed how these stresses induce plant responses at physiological and molecular levels. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge concerning how drought, heat, and combinations of these stress conditions affect the status of plants, including crops, by affecting factors such as stomatal conductance, photosynthetic activity, cellular oxidative conditions, metabolomic profiles, and molecular signaling mechanisms. We further discuss stress-responsive regulatory factors such as transcription factors and signaling factors, which play critical roles in adaptation to both drought and heat stress conditions and potentially function as 'hubs' in drought and/or heat stress responses. Additionally, we present recent findings based on forward genetic approaches that reveal natural variations in agricultural crops that play critical roles in agricultural traits under drought and/or heat conditions. Finally, we provide an overview of the application of decades of study results to actual agricultural fields as a strategy to increase drought and/or heat stress tolerance. This review summarizes our current understanding of plant responses to drought, heat, and combinations of these stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Sato
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
| | - Junya Mizoi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuraoka, Setagara-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
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Zhao W, Xiao J, Lin G, Peng Q, Chu S. Morphological and physiological response of amphibious Rotala rotundifolia from emergent to submerged form. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:279-291. [PMID: 38270713 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01521-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Rotala rotundifolia is an amphibious aquatic plant that can live in submerged and emergent forms. It is superior in nitrogen and phosphorus removal. To elucidate its adaptation strategies from emergent to submerged conditions, phenotypic and physiological responses of R. rotundifolia were investigated during three months of submergence, at water levels of 0 cm (CK), 50 cm (W50), and 90 cm (W90). Results showed that submergence stress reduced the relative growth rate of plant height, fresh weight, and biomass accumulation, leading to root degradation and a significant decline in the root-shoot ratio. The amounts of soluble protein (SP), soluble sugar (SS), and starch in the aerial leaves of W50 and W90 decreased during the early stages of submergence compared to CK, whereas the total chlorophyll and proline contents, and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased. The contents of endogenous hormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), decreased during the change in leaf shape; the decline in ABA was more obvious. The leaf primordium generated transition leaves and submerged leaves to resolve the "carbon starvation" of plants. The maximum values of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in the leaves of W50 and W90 occurred at day 30, reaching 14.0 mg g- 1and 10.5 mg g- 1, respectively. The contents of SP and starch, activities of SOD and CAT of the roots in submerged treatments increased, while SS and proline content decreased at day 7. These results demonstrated that developing heterophyllous leaves, increasing chlorophyll content, and regulating plant carbon allocation and consumption were important mechanisms of R. rotundifolia to adapt to underwater habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangai Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Jibo Xiao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
- Institute for Eco-environmental Research of Sanyang Wetland, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Guo Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Qianqian Peng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China
| | - Shuyi Chu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, South Campus, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325035, China.
- Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Wenzhou, 325006, China.
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Mahomud MS, Islam MN, Roy J. Effect of low oxygen stress on the metabolic responses of tomato fruit cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24566. [PMID: 38327398 PMCID: PMC10847614 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables can occur due to cell breakdown and browning during controlled atmosphere storage as a result of low oxygen (O2) stress. Therefore, the study was designed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of the response of isolated tomato fruit cells incubated at low O2 (hypoxic and anoxic) conditions as a model system. The O2 stress conditions used for the experiment were based on the results of the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of respiration. A total of 56 polar metabolites belonging mainly to different functional groups, including amino acids, organic acids, sugars and sugar alcohols, were identified using GC-MS. O2 stress stimulated the biosynthesis of most of the free amino acids while decreasing the synthesis of most of the organic acids (especially those linked to the tricarboxylic acid cycle), sugars (except for ribose) and other nitrogen-containing compounds. The down-regulation of these TCA cycle metabolites served to provide energy to ensure the survival of the cell. Increases in the sugar alcohol levels and induction of fermentative metabolism were observed under low O2 stress. By employing multivariate statistics, metabolites were identified that were essential to the oxygen stress response and establishing the correlation between metabolite abundance, oxygen levels, and incubation period were achievable. A higher correlation was observed between the O2 levels and most of the metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sultan Mahomud
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nahidul Islam
- Department of Agro-Processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
- Institute of Food Safety and Processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Joysree Roy
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
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Chugh V, Mishra V, Sharma V, Kumar M, Ghorbel M, Kumar H, Rai A, Kumar R. Deciphering Physio-Biochemical Basis of Tolerance Mechanism for Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes under Waterlogging Stress at Early Vegetative Stage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:501. [PMID: 38498414 PMCID: PMC10892085 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Waterlogging represents a substantial agricultural concern, inducing harmful impacts on crop development and productivity. In the present study, 142 diverse sesame genotypes were examined during the early vegetative phase to assess their response under waterlogging conditions. Based on the severity of symptoms observed, 2 genotypes were classified as highly tolerant, 66 as moderately tolerant, 69 as susceptible, and 5 as highly susceptible. Subsequent investigation focused on four genotypes, i.e., two highly tolerant (JLT-8 and GP-70) and two highly susceptible (R-III-F6 and EC-335003). These genotypes were subjected to incremental stress periods (0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h) to elucidate the biochemical basis of tolerance mechanisms. Each experiment was conducted as a randomized split-plot design with three replications, and the statistical significance of the treatment differences was determined using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Fisher least significant difference (LSD) test at p ≤ 0.05. The influence of waterlogging stress on morphological growth was detrimental for both tolerant and susceptible genotypes, with more severe consequences observed in the latter. Although adventitious roots were observed in both sets of genotypes above flooding levels, the tolerant genotypes exhibited a more rapid and vigorous development of these roots after 48 h of stress exposure. Tolerant genotypes displayed higher tolerance coefficients compared to susceptible genotypes. Furthermore, tolerant genotypes maintained elevated antioxidant potential, thereby minimizing oxidative stress. Conversely, susceptible genotypes exhibited higher accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde content. Photosynthetic efficiency was reduced in all genotypes after 24 h of stress treatment, with a particularly drastic reduction in susceptible genotypes compared to their tolerant counterparts. Tolerant genotypes exhibited significantly higher activities of anaerobic metabolism enzymes, enabling prolonged survival under waterlogging conditions. Increase in proline content was observed in all the genotypes indicating the cellular osmotic balance adjustments in response to stress exposure. Consequently, the robust antioxidant potential and efficient anaerobic metabolism observed in the tolerant genotypes served as key mechanisms enabling their resilience to short-term waterlogging exposure. These findings underscore the promising potential of specific sesame genotypes in enhancing crop resilience against waterlogging stress, offering valuable insights for agricultural practices and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Chugh
- Department of Basic & Social Sciences, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India;
| | - Vigya Mishra
- Department of Postharvest Technology, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India;
| | - Vijay Sharma
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India; (M.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India; (M.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Mouna Ghorbel
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India; (M.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Ashutosh Rai
- Department of Basic & Social Sciences, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India;
| | - Rahul Kumar
- ORISE Participant Sponsored by the U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA ARS, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414, USA
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Mu Y, Shi L, Tian H, Tian H, Zhang J, Zhao F, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Geng G. Characterization and transformation of TtMYB1 transcription factor from Tritipyrum to improve salt tolerance in wheat. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:163. [PMID: 38336658 PMCID: PMC10854188 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a worldwide cereal crop, which is an integral part of the diets of many countries. In addition, the MYB gene of wheat plays a role in the response to salt stress. RESULTS "Y1805" is a Tritipyrum variety that is relatively tolerant to salt. We used transcriptome analysis to show that the "Y1805" MYB gene was both highly expressed and sensitive to salt stress. Compared with control roots, the level of MYB expression during salt stress was higher, which rapidly decreased to control levels during the recovery process. MYB gene relative expression showed the highest levels in "Y1805" roots during salt stress, with the stems and then leaves being the next highest stressed tissues. The novel MYB gene (TtMYB1) was successfully cloned from "Y1805". It showed a coding sequence length of 783 bp with 95.79% homology with Tel2E01G633100 from Thinopyrum elongatum. TtMYB1 and MYB from Th. elongatum were clustered in the same branch using phylogenetic analysis, which indicated high similarities. The TtMYB1 gene is located in the nucleus. The coleoptile method was employed when a TtMYB1 overexpression vector was used during transformation into "1718" (common wheat). Under high salt stress, TtMYB1 leaves of overexpression lines had decreased wilting, when compared with wild-type (WT) plants. During normal conditions, salt stress, and recovery, the lengths of the roots and the heights of seedlings from the overexpression lines were found to be significantly greater than roots and seedlings of WT plants. In addition, during high salt stress, the overexpression lines showed that proline and soluble sugar levels were higher than that of WT plants, but with lower malondialdehyde levels. Forty-three proteins that interacted with TtMYB1 were identified using the yeast two-hybrid assay. Protein-protein interaction analyses indicated that most were SANT domain-containing and Wd repeat region domain-containing proteins. Among these proteins, ribosomal proteins were the main node. Abiotic stress-related terms (such as "carbonate dehydratase activity", "protein targeting peroxisomes", and "glutathione peroxidase activity") were enriched in GO analysis. In KEGG analysis, "carbohydrate metabolism", "environmental information processing", "genetic information processing", "signaling and cell precursors", and "energy metabolism" pathways were enriched. CONCLUSION The TtMYB1 gene might enhance salt tolerance by increasing proline and soluble sugar content and antioxidase activity in transgenic wheat. It therefore has the potential to enhance high salt tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Mu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Luxi Shi
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Huan Tian
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Huaizhi Tian
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Zunyi Acadamy of Agricultural Sciences, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jv Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fusheng Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingqin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Suqin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
- Guizhou Subcenter of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Guangdong Geng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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Kaya C, Akin S, Sarioğlu A, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Enhancement of soybean tolerance to water stress through regulation of nitrogen and antioxidant defence mechanisms mediated by the synergistic role of salicylic acid and thiourea. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108320. [PMID: 38183901 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Water stress (WS) poses a significant threat to global food and energy security by adversely affecting soybean growth and nitrogen metabolism. This study explores the synergistic effects of exogenous salicylic acid (SA, 0.5 mM) and thiourea (TU, 400 mg L-1), potent plant growth regulators, on soybean responses under WS conditions. The treatments involved foliar spraying for 3 days before inducing WS by reducing soil moisture to 50% of field capacity, followed by 2 weeks of cultivation under normal or WS conditions. WS significantly reduced plant biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, water status, protein content, and total nitrogen content in roots and leaves. Concurrently, it elevated levels of leaf malondialdehyde, H2O2, proline, nitrate, and ammonium. WS also triggered an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity and osmolyte accumulation in soybean plants. Application of SA and TU enhanced the activities of key enzymes crucial for nitrogen assimilation and amino acid synthesis. Moreover, SA and TU improved plant growth, water status, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, protein content, and total nitrogen content, while reducing oxidative stress and leaf proline levels. Indeed, the simultaneous application of SA and TU demonstrated a heightened impact compared to their separate use, suggesting a synergistic interaction. This study underscores the potential of SA and TU to enhance WS tolerance in soybean plants by modulating nitrogen metabolism and mitigating oxidative damage. These findings hold significant promise for improving crop productivity and quality in the face of escalating water limitations due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Harran University, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Sabri Akin
- Harran University, Department of Agricultural Structures and Irrigation, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ali Sarioğlu
- Harran University, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Kaya C, Uğurlar F, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Dewil R, Ahmad P. Mitigating salt toxicity and overcoming phosphate deficiency alone and in combination in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants through supplementation of hydrogen sulfide. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119759. [PMID: 38091729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
While it is widely recognized that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) promotes plant stress tolerance, the precise processes through which H2S modulates this process remains unclear. The processes by which H2S promotes phosphorus deficiency (PD) and salinity stress (SS) tolerance, simulated individually or together, were examined in this study. The adverse impacts on plant biomass, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence were more pronounced with joint occurrence of PD and SS than with individual application. Malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage (EL) levels in plant leaves were higher in plants exposed to joint stresses than in plants grown under an individual stress. When plants were exposed to a single stress as opposed to both stressors, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) treatment more efficiently decreased EL, MDA, and H2O2 concentrations. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were increased by SS alone or in conjunction with PD, whereas catalase activity decreased significantly. The favorable impact of NaHS on all the evaluated attributes was reversed by supplementation with 0.2 mM hypotaurine (HT), a H2S scavenger. Overall, the unfavorable effects caused to NaHS-supplied plants by a single stress were less severe compared with those caused by the combined administration of both stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Ferhat Uğurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raf Dewil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Saleem MH, Parveen A, Perveen S, Akhtar N, Abasi F, Ehsan M, Ali H, Okla MK, Saleh IA, Zomot N, Alwasel YA, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Fahad S. Alleviation of cadmium toxicity in pea (Pisum sativum L.) through Zn-Lys supplementation and its effects on growth and antioxidant defense. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:10594-10608. [PMID: 38198090 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium significantly impacts plant growth and productivity by disrupting physiological, biochemical, and oxidative defenses, leading to severe damage. The application of Zn-Lys improves plant growth while reducing the stress caused by heavy metals on plants. By focusing on cadmium stress and potential of Zn-Lys on pea, we conducted a pot-based study, organized under completely randomized block design CRD-factorial at the Botanical Garden of Government College University, Faisalabad. Both pea cultivars were grown in several concentrations of cadmium @ 0, 50 and 100 μM, and Zn-Lys were exogenously applied @ 0 mg/L and 10 mg/L with three replicates for each treatment. Cd-toxicity potentially reduces plant growth, chlorophyll contents, osmoprotectants, and anthocyanin content; however, an increase in MDA, H2O2 initiation, enzymatic antioxidant activities as well as phenolic, flavonoid, proline was observed. Remarkably, exogenously applied Zn-Lys significantly enhanced the plant growth, biomass, photosynthetic attributes, osmoprotectants, and anthocyanin contents, while further increase in enzymatic antioxidant activities, total phenolic, flavonoid, and proline contents were noticed. However, application of Zn-Lys instigated a remarkable decrease in levels of MDA and H2O2. It can be suggested with recommendation to check the potential of Zn-Lys on plants under cadmium-based toxic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Abida Parveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Abasi
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Maria Ehsan
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Habib Ali
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad K Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Naser Zomot
- Faculty of Science, Zarqa University, Zarqa, 13110, Jordan
| | - Yasmeen A Alwasel
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa A Abdel-Maksoud
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan.
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Nabi A, Aftab T, Khan MMA, Naeem M. Depolymerized carrageenan expresses elicitor-like activity on Mentha arvensis L. under arsenic stress: Insights into arsenic resilience and monoterpene synthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108376. [PMID: 38354526 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals contaminate agricultural land by limiting the productivity of crops and making them or their products unfit for consumption. Arsenic (As) is a potentially hazardous metalloid that severely impacts plants' survival. Menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) bears volatile compounds that are harshly exaggerated by diverse environmental factors like drought, salinity, heavy metal, temperature, photoperiod, and luminosity stresses. In this study, the phytotoxicity of As was examined in M. arvensis L. and its alleviation through the supplementation of oligomers of carrageenan. Noticeably, scanty information is available regarding the effect of irradiated carrageenan (ICA) on As-stressed plants. In order to observe the same in the case of M. arvensis L., the effect of ICA on As-treated plants was explored. The ICA concentration (foliar-applied) selected for the study was 80 mg L-1, 100 mg L-1 and 120 mg L-1, and that of As (soil-applied) was 80 mg kg-1 soil. Excess accumulation of As resulted in reduced growth, enzymatic activities, and yield and quality parameters of M. arvensis L. under As toxicity. However, the foliage application of ICA strengthens the antioxidant machinery and other physiological and oxidative stress biomarkers of the plant by facilitating the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and proline, and, therefore aids in alleviating the toxicity generated by As. Nevertheless, ICA supplementation proves beneficial in enhancing the monoterpene synthesis (essential oil production and its active constituents) of M. arvensis L. by maintaining a steady-state equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and its scavenging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarifa Nabi
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Naeem
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Chowdhury MZH, Mostofa MG, Mim MF, Haque MA, Karim MA, Sultana R, Rohman MM, Bhuiyan AUA, Rupok MRB, Islam SMN. The fungal endophyte Metarhizium anisopliae (MetA1) coordinates salt tolerance mechanisms of rice to enhance growth and yield. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108328. [PMID: 38183902 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The implementation of salt stress mitigation strategies aided by microorganisms has the potential to improve crop growth and yield. The endophytic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae shows the ability to enhance plant growth and mitigate diverse forms of abiotic stress. We examined the functions of M. anisopliae isolate MetA1 (MA) in promoting salinity resistance by investigating several morphological, physiological, biochemical, and yield features in rice plants. In vitro evaluation demonstrated that rice seeds primed with MA enhanced the growth features of rice plants exposed to 4, 8, and 12 dS/m of salinity for 15 days in an agar medium. A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the growth and development of MA-primed rice seeds after exposing them to similar levels of salinity. Results indicated MA priming in rice improved shoot and root biomass, photosynthetic pigment contents, leaf succulence, and leaf relative water content. It also significantly decreased Na+/K+ ratios in both shoots and roots and the levels of electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, while significantly increasing proline content in the leaves. The antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione S-transferase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase, as well as the non-enzymatic antioxidants phenol and flavonoids, were significantly enhanced in MA-colonized plants when compared with MA-unprimed plants under salt stress. The MA-mediated restriction of salt accumulation and improvement in physiological and biochemical mechanisms ultimately contributed to the yield improvement in salt-exposed rice plants. Our findings suggest the potential use of the MA seed priming strategy to improve salt tolerance in rice and perhaps in other crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zahid Hasan Chowdhury
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA
| | - Mahjabin Ferdaous Mim
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Haque
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - M Abdul Karim
- Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Razia Sultana
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md Motiar Rohman
- Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Ashkar-Ul-Alam Bhuiyan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rahat Bari Rupok
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Shah Mohammad Naimul Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh.
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Kumar D, Chaudhury RS, Mandal K, Pradhan P, Bhattacharya S, Das B, Mukhopadhyay R, Phani V, Prudveesh K, Nath S, Mandal R, Boro P. Identification of genes associated to β -N oxalyl- L-α, β-diaminopropionic acid and their role in mitigating salt stress in a low-neurotoxin cultivar of Lathyrus sativus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108388. [PMID: 38295528 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Grass pea has the potential to become a miracle crop if the stigma attached to it as a toxic plant is ignored. In light of the following, we conducted transcriptome analyses on the high and low ODAP-containing cultivars i.e., Nirmal and Bidhan respectively in both normal and salt stress conditions. In this study, genes that work upstream and downstream to β-ODAP have been found. Among these genes, AAO3 and ACL5 were related to ABA and polyamine biosynthesis, showing the relevance of ABA and polyamines in boosting the β-ODAP content in Nirmal. Elevated β-ODAP levels in salt stress-treated Bidhan may have evolved tolerance by positively regulating the expression of genes involved in phenylpropanoid and jasmonic acid biosynthesis. Although the concentration of β-ODAP in Bidhan increased under salt stress, it was lower than in stress-treated Nirmal. Despite this, the expression of stress-related genes that work downstream to β-ODAP was found higher in stress-treated Bidhan. This could be because stress-treated Nirmal has lower GSH, proline, and higher H2O2, resulting in the development of severe oxidative stress. Overall, our research not only identified new genes linked with β-ODAP, but also revealed the molecular mechanism by which a low β-ODAP-containing cultivar developed tolerance against salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, West Bengal, India.
| | - Riman Saha Chaudhury
- Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture and Allied Sciences, The Neotia University, Sarisha, Diamond Harbour, West Bengal, India
| | - Kajal Mandal
- Department of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Prajjwal Pradhan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India
| | - Sampurna Bhattacharya
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India
| | - Bimal Das
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India
| | - Ria Mukhopadhyay
- School of Agriculture, Swami Vivekananda University, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
| | - Victor Phani
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, West Bengal, India
| | - Kantamraju Prudveesh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Majhian, West Bengal, India
| | - Sahanob Nath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupsanatan Mandal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Boro
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Wang Y, Wang J, Sarwar R, Zhang W, Geng R, Zhu KM, Tan XL. Research progress on the physiological response and molecular mechanism of cold response in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1334913. [PMID: 38352650 PMCID: PMC10861734 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1334913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Low temperature is a critical environmental stress factor that restricts crop growth and geographical distribution, significantly impacting crop quality and yield. When plants are exposed to low temperatures, a series of changes occur in their external morphology and internal physiological and biochemical metabolism. This article comprehensively reviews the alterations and regulatory mechanisms of physiological and biochemical indices, such as membrane system stability, redox system, fatty acid content, photosynthesis, and osmoregulatory substances, in response to low-temperature stress in plants. Furthermore, we summarize recent research on signal transduction and regulatory pathways, phytohormones, epigenetic modifications, and other molecular mechanisms mediating the response to low temperatures in higher plants. In addition, we outline cultivation practices to improve plant cold resistance and highlight the cold-related genes used in molecular breeding. Last, we discuss future research directions, potential application prospects of plant cold resistance breeding, and recent significant breakthroughs in the research and application of cold resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Li Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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50
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Kijowska-Oberc J, Wawrzyniak MK, Ciszewska L, Ratajczak E. Evaluation of P5CS and ProDH activity in Paulownia tomentosa (Steud.) as an indicator of oxidative changes induced by drought stress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16697. [PMID: 38282856 PMCID: PMC10822135 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate changes in proline metabolism in seedlings of tree species during drought stress. One month old Paulownia tomentosa seedlings were exposed to moisture conditions at various levels (irrigation at 100, 75, 50 and 25% of field capacity), and then the material (leaves and roots) was collected three times at 10-day intervals. The activity of enzymes involved in proline metabolism was closely related to drought severity; however, proline content was not directly impacted. The activity of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), which catalyzes proline biosynthesis, increased in response to hydrogen peroxide accumulation, which was correlated with soil moisture. In contrast, the activity of proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), which catalyzes proline catabolism, decreased. Compared to proline, the activity of these enzymes may be a more reliable biochemical marker of stress-induced oxidative changes. The content of proline is dependent on numerous additional factors, i.e., its degradation is an important alternative energy source. Moreover, we noted tissue-specific differences in this species, in which roots appeared to be proline biosynthesis sites and leaves appeared to be proline catabolism sites. Further research is needed to examine a broader view of proline metabolism as a cycle regulated by multiple mechanisms and differences between species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liliana Ciszewska
- Laboratory of RNA Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Wielkopolskie, Polska
| | - Ewelina Ratajczak
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Wielkopolskie, Polska
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