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Luo L, Yan T, Yang L, Zhao M. Aluminum chloride and D-galactose induced a zebrafish model of Alzheimer's disease with cognitive deficits and aging. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2230-2239. [PMID: 38827230 PMCID: PMC11140485 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Transgenic and pharmacological AD models are extensively studied to understand AD mechanisms and drug discovery. However, they are time-consuming and relatively costly, which hinders the discovery of potential anti-AD therapeutics. Here, we established a new model of AD in larval zebrafish by co-treatment with aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and D-galactose (D-gal) for 72 h. In particular, exposure to 150 μM AlCl3 + 40 mg/mL D-gal, 200 μM AlCl3 + 30 mg/mL D-gal, or 200 μM AlCl3 + 40 mg/mL D-gal successfully induced AD-like symptoms and aging features. Co-treatment with AlCl3 and D-gal caused significant learning and memory deficits, as well as impaired response ability and locomotor capacity in the plus-maze and light/dark test. Moreover, increased acetylcholinesterase and β-galactosidase activities, β-amyloid 1-42 deposition, reduced telomerase activity, elevated interleukin 1 beta mRNA expression, and enhanced reactive oxygen species production were also observed. In conclusion, our zebrafish model is simple, rapid, effective and affordable, incorporating key features of AD and aging, thus may become a unique and powerful tool for high-throughput screening of anti-AD compounds in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Le Yang
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, Department of Pharmacy, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Minggao Zhao
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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2
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Tang Y, Wei J, Wang XF, Long T, Xiang X, Qu L, Wang X, Yu C, Xiao X, Hu X, Zeng J, Xu Q, Wu A, Wu J, Qin D, Zhou X, Law BYK. Activation of autophagy by Citri Reticulatae Semen extract ameliorates amyloid-beta-induced cell death and cognition deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2467-2479. [PMID: 38526283 PMCID: PMC11090445 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202419110-00027/figure1/v/2024-03-08T184507Z/r/image-tiff Amyloid-beta-induced neuronal cell death contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Citri Reticulatae Semen has diverse beneficial effects on neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, however, the effect of Citri Reticulatae Semen on Alzheimer's disease remains unelucidated. In the current study, the anti-apoptotic and autophagic roles of Citri Reticulatae Semen extract on amyloid-beta-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells were first investigated. Citri Reticulatae Semen extract protected PC12 cells from amyloid-beta-induced apoptosis by attenuating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio via activation of autophagy. In addition, Citri Reticulatae Semen extract was confirmed to bind amyloid-beta as revealed by biolayer interferometry in vitro, and suppress amyloid-beta-induced pathology such as paralysis, in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo model. Moreover, genetically defective Caenorhabditis elegans further confirmed that the neuroprotective effect of Citri Reticulatae Semen extract was autophagy-dependent. Most importantly, Citri Reticulatae Semen extract was confirmed to improve cognitive impairment, neuronal injury and amyloid-beta burden in 3×Tg Alzheimer's disease mice. As revealed by both in vitro and in vivo models, these results suggest that Citri Reticulatae Semen extract is a potential natural therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease via its neuroprotective autophagic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Eye School and Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention & Cure and Visual Function Protection of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tao Long
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaohong Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liqun Qu
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xingxia Wang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chonglin Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xingli Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First People’s Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xueyuan Hu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dalian Qin
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Betty Yuen-Kwan Law
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
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3
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Carrero L, Antequera D, Municio C, Carro E. Circadian rhythm disruption and retinal dysfunction: a bidirectional link in Alzheimer's disease? Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1967-1972. [PMID: 38227523 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in circadian rhythms is a common occurrence in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A predominant function of the retina is circadian synchronization, carrying information to the brain through the retinohypothalamic tract, which projects to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Notably, Alzheimer's disease hallmarks, including amyloid-β, are present in the retinas of Alzheimer's disease patients, followed/associated by structural and functional disturbances. However, the mechanistic link between circadian dysfunction and the pathological changes affecting the retina in Alzheimer's disease is not fully understood, although some studies point to the possibility that retinal dysfunction could be considered an early pathological process that directly modulates the circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carrero
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autonoma de Madrid University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Desireé Antequera
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer's Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Municio
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain; Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Carro
- Neurobiology of Alzheimer's Disease Unit, Functional Unit for Research into Chronic Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Wang J, Du L, Zhang T, Chu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ji X, Kang Y, Cui R, Zhang G, Liu J, Shi G. Edaravone Dexborneol ameliorates the cognitive deficits of APP/PS1 mice by inhibiting TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway via upregulating TREM2. Neuropharmacology 2024; 255:110006. [PMID: 38763325 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Currently, there are no effective therapeutic agents available to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, edaravone dexborneol (EDB), a novel composite agent used to treat acute ischemic stroke, has recently been shown to exert efficacious neuroprotective effects. However, whether EDB can ameliorate cognitive deficits in AD currently remains unclear. To this end, we explored the effects of EDB on AD and its potential mechanisms using an AD animal model (male APP/PS1 mice) treated with EDB for 10 weeks starting at 6 months of age. Subsequent analyses revealed that EDB-treated APP/PS1 mice exhibited improved cognitive abilities compared to untreated APP/PS1 mice. Administration of EDB in APP/PS1 mice further alleviated neuropathological alterations of the hippocampus, including Aβ deposition, pyramidal cell karyopyknosis, and oxidative damage, and significantly decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and COX-2 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Transcriptome sequencing analysis demonstrated the critical role of the inflammatory reaction in EDB treatment in APP/PS1 mice, indicating that the alleviation of the inflammatory reaction by EDB in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice was linked to the action of the TREM2/TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway. Further in vitro investigations showed that EDB suppressed neuroinflammation in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells by inhibiting the TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway and upregulating TREM2 expression. Thus, the findings of the present study demonstrate that EDB is a promising therapeutic agent for AD-related cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China; Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Longyuan Du
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Tianyun Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yun Chu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yunxiao Kang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Rui Cui
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Geming Shi
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China; Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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5
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Wanionok NE, Morel GR, Fernández JM. Osteoporosis and Alzheimer´s disease (or Alzheimer´s disease and Osteoporosis). Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102408. [PMID: 38969142 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis are two diseases that mainly affect elderly people, with increases in the occurrence of cases due to a longer life expectancy. Several epidemiological studies have shown a reciprocal association between both diseases, finding an increase in incidence of osteoporosis in patients with AD, and a higher burden of AD in osteoporotic patients. This epidemiological relationship has motivated the search for molecules, genes, signaling pathways and mechanisms that are related to both pathologies. The mechanisms found in these studies can serve to improve treatments and establish better patient care protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel E Wanionok
- Laboratorio de Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Cs. Exactas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata UNLP-CIC, Argentina
| | - Gustavo R Morel
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata "Professor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner" (INIBIOLP), Argentina
| | - Juan M Fernández
- Laboratorio de Osteopatías y Metabolismo Mineral (LIOMM), Facultad de Cs. Exactas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata UNLP-CIC, Argentina.
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Egbewale SO, Kumar A, Olasehinde TA, Mokoena MP, Olaniran AO. Anthracene detoxification by Laccases from indigenous fungal strains Trichoderma lixii FLU1 and Talaromyces pinophilus FLU12. Biodegradation 2024; 35:769-787. [PMID: 38822999 PMCID: PMC11246312 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10084-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The persistence and ubiquity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment necessitate effective remediation strategies. Hence, this study investigated the potential of purified Laccases, TlFLU1L and TpFLU12L, from two indigenous fungi Trichoderma lixii FLU1 (TlFLU1) and Talaromyces pinophilus FLU12 (TpFLU12), respectively for the oxidation and detoxification of anthracene. Anthracene was degraded with vmax values of 3.51 ± 0.06 mg/L/h and 3.44 ± 0.06 mg/L/h, and Km values of 173.2 ± 0.06 mg/L and 73.3 ± 0.07 mg/L by TlFLU1L and TpFLU12L, respectively. The addition of a mediator compound 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) to the reaction system significantly increased the degradation of anthracene, with up to a 2.9-fold increase in vmax value and up to threefold decrease in Km values of TlFLU1L and TpFLU12L. The GC-MS analysis of the metabolites suggests that anthracene degradation follows one new pathway unique to the ABTS system-hydroxylation and carboxylation of C-1 and C-2 position of anthracene to form 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, before undergoing dioxygenation and side chain removal to form chromone which was later converted into benzoic acid and CO2. This pathway contrasts with the common dioxygenation route observed in the free Laccase system, which is observed in the second degradation pathways. Furthermore, toxicity tests using V. parahaemolyticus and HT-22 cells, respectively, demonstrated the non-toxic nature of Laccase-ABTS-mediated metabolites. Intriguingly, analysis of the expression level of Alzheimer's related genes in HT-22 cells exposed to degradation products revealed no induction of neurotoxicity unlike untreated cells. These findings propose a paradigm shift for bioremediation by highlighting the Laccase-ABTS system as a promising green technology due to its efficiency with the discovery of a potentially less harmful degradation pathway, and the production of non-toxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson O Egbewale
- Discipline of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Ajit Kumar
- Discipline of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Tosin A Olasehinde
- Discipline of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Mduduzi P Mokoena
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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7
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Ma Z, Zhang Z, Lv X, Zhang H, Lu K, Su G, Huang B, Chen H. Dual sensitivity-enhanced microring resonance-based integrated microfluidic biosensor for Aβ 42 detection. Talanta 2024; 275:126111. [PMID: 38657362 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Sensitive, accurate, and straightforward biosensors are pivotal in the battle against Alzheimer's disease, particularly in light of the escalating patient population. These biosensors enable early adjunctive diagnosis, thereby facilitating prompt intervention, alleviating socioeconomic burdens, and preserving individual well-being. In this study, we introduce the development of a highly sensitive add-drop dual-microring resonant microfluidic sensing chip boasting a sensitivity of 188.11 nm/RIU, marking a significant 20.7% enhancement over single microring systems. Leveraging ultra-thin Parylene C for streamlined antibody immobilization and non-destructive removal, this platform facilitates the precise quantification of the Alzheimer's disease biomarker Aβ42. Employing an immune sensing strategy that amplifies and captures antigen signals using Au-labeled antibodies, we achieve an exceptional limit of detection of 9.02 pg/mL. The designed microring-based microfluidic biosensor chip exhibits outstanding specificity and sensitivity for Aβ42 in serum samples, offering a promising avenue for the early adjunctive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtai Ma
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zan Zhang
- School of Electronic and Control Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoshuai Su
- Suzhou Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics Integration, Suzhou, China; Suzhou Jiwei Photoelectric Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Beiju Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongda Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Ma W, Liu H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, He S, Ding X, Li B, Yan Y. Daphnetin protects neurons in an Alzheimer disease mouse model and normal rat neurons by inhibiting BACE1 activity and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:670-683. [PMID: 38819094 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The common neurodegenerative disorder Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by memory dysfunction and cognitive decline in the elderly. Neuropathological features include aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in the brain. Daphnetin (DAPH), a natural coumarin derivative, has the potential for inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative responses. We explored neuroprotective roles of DAPH treatment in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse AD model. DAPH ameliorated spatial learning disabilities in Morris water maze tests and reduced Aβ deposition, assessed by immunohistochemistry. It also reduced the Aβ content in supernatants of neurons from fetal APP/PS1 mice, assessed by cell-based soluble ELISA. Molecular docking and fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based assay results suggested that DAPH could directly inhibit BACE1 activity. Furthermore, in vitro experiments utilizing isolated rat neurons assessing RNA expression profiling, immunofluorescence, TUNEL assay, and Western-blot analysis, suggested the potential of DAPH for regulating BDNF and GM-CSF expression and mitigating Aβ1-42-induced cortical injury, synaptic loss, and apoptosis. HO-1 and Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression were also increased in a dose-dependent manner. These results underscore the potential of DAPH as a neuroprotective agent in reversing memory deficits associated with AD and bolster its candidacy as a multitarget natural small-molecule drug for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wen Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Huanyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yuanchu Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Sitong He
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Ding
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Baolin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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9
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Micocci S, Stefania R, Garello F, Fasoglio U, Hawala I, Tei L, Geninatti Crich S, Digilio G. Synthesis of fluorinated curcumin derivatives for detecting amyloid plaques by 19F-MRI. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5948-5959. [PMID: 38979663 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00730a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The most prominent pathophysiological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides into senile plaques. Curcumin and its derivatives exhibit a high affinity for binding to Aβ fibrils, effectively inhibiting their growth. This property holds promise for both therapeutic applications and diagnostic molecular imaging. In this study, curcumin was functionalized with perfluoro-tert-butyl groups to create candidate molecular probes specifically targeted to Aβ fibrils for use in 19F-magnetic resonance imaging. Two types of fluorinated derivatives were considered: mono-substituted (containing nine fluorine atoms per molecule) and disubstituted (containing eighteen fluorine atoms). The linker connecting the perfluoro moiety with the curcumin scaffold was evaluated for its impact on binding affinity and water solubility. All mono-substituted compounds and one disubstituted compound exhibited a binding affinity toward Aβ fibrils on the same order of magnitude as reference curcumin. The insertion of a charged carboxylate group into the linker enhanced the water solubility of the probes. Compound Curc-Glu-F9 (with one L-glutamyl moiety and a perfluoro-tert-butyl group), showed the best properties in terms of binding affinity towards Aβ fibrils, water solubility, and intensity of the 19F-NMR signal in the Aβ oligomer bound form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Micocci
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15120, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Francesca Garello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Umberto Fasoglio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Ivan Hawala
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tei
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15120, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Digilio
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale Teresa Michel 11, 15120, Alessandria, Italy.
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10
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Liu Y, Nussinov R, Zheng J. Exploring pathological link between antimicrobial and amyloid peptides. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39041297 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00878a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Amyloid peptides (AMYs) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered as the two distinct families of peptides, characterized by their unique sequences, structures, biological functions, and specific pathological targets. However, accumulating evidence has revealed intriguing pathological connections between these peptide families in the context of microbial infection and neurodegenerative diseases. Some AMYs and AMPs share certain structural and functional characteristics, including the ability to self-assemble, the presence of β-sheet-rich structures, and membrane-disrupting mechanisms. These shared features enable AMYs to possess antimicrobial activity and AMPs to acquire amyloidogenic properties. Despite limited studies on AMYs-AMPs systems, the cross-seeding phenomenon between AMYs and AMPs has emerged as a crucial factor in the bidirectional communication between the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and host defense against microbial infections. In this review, we examine recent developments in the potential interplay between AMYs and AMPs, as well as their pathological implications for both infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. By discussing the current progress and challenges in this emerging field, this account aims to inspire further research and investments to enhance our understanding of the intricate molecular crosstalk between AMYs and AMPs. This knowledge holds great promise for the development of innovative therapies to combat both microbial infections and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Tang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
| | - Yanxian Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Dong Zhang
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Yonglan Liu
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Ohio 44325, USA.
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11
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Ionel CS, Mahjoub M, Matar TL. Aβ-protein polymerization in Alzheimer disease: Optimal control for nucleation parameter estimation. J Theor Biol 2024; 589:111814. [PMID: 38677530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we are interested in the modeling of Alzheimer's disease from the angle of the amyloid cascade hypothesis, where the pathogenic agent is the Aβ protein in its oligomeric form. The formation dynamics of this pathogenic form is modeled by a Becker-Doring type model where APP (Amyloid Precursor Protein) protein, after cleavage by specific enzymes, forms monomeric Aβ proteins, which, by polymerization and/or nucleation, lead to the formation of oligomeric Aβ. We propose an optimal control problem to estimate the rate of nucleation which seems to be at the base of this amyloid cascade hypothesis and for which no (experimental) measurement exists for the moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciuperca S Ionel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5208, Institut Camille Jordan, F-69603 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Moncef Mahjoub
- University of Tunis El Manar, National Engineers School of Tunis, B.P. 37, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Tine Léon Matar
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5208, Inria Lyon, Institut Camille Jordan, F-69603 Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5208, Institut Camille Jordan, F-69603 Villeurbanne, France.
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12
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Wang Z, Liu J, Han J, Zhang T, Li S, Hou Y, Su H, Han F, Zhang C. Herpes simplex virus 1 accelerates the progression of Alzheimer's disease by modulating microglial phagocytosis and activating NLRP3 pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:176. [PMID: 39026249 PMCID: PMC11264637 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence implicates that herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been linked to the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). HSV-1 infection induces β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in vitro and in vivo, but the effect and precise mechanism remain elusive. Here, we show that HSV-1 infection of the brains of transgenic 5xFAD mice resulted in accelerated Aβ deposition, gliosis, and cognitive dysfunction. We demonstrate that HSV-1 infection induced the recruitment of microglia to the viral core to trigger microglial phagocytosis of HSV-GFP-positive neuronal cells. In addition, we reveal that the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway induced by HSV-1 infection played a crucial role in Aβ deposition and the progression of AD caused by HSV-1 infection. Blockade of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling reduces Aβ deposition and alleviates cognitive decline in 5xFAD mice after HSV-1 infection. Our findings support the notion that HSV-1 infection is a key factor in the etiology of AD, demonstrating that NLRP3 inflammasome activation functions in the interface of HSV-1 infection and Aβ deposition in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimeng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center of Biological Structure, SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jing Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center of Biological Structure, SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shangjin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanfei Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huili Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fangping Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Conggang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center of Biological Structure, SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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13
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Sun Y, Shi Y, Li C, Shi H. Histidine Protonation Behaviors on Structural Properties and Aggregation Properties of Aβ(1-42) Mature Fibril: Approaching by Edge Effects. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39018428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The histidine behavior plays a crucial role in the structural and aggregation properties of protein folding and misfolding. Understanding the histidine behavior at the edge of the protein structure is critical for finding ways to disrupt fibril elongation and growth, but this impact remains poorly understood. In the current study, we used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the edge substitution effect of histidine protonation on the structural and aggregation properties. Our data showed that ΔG1 contributed the most to binding affinity compared to ΔG2 and ΔG3. The different protonation states at the edge chain significantly impacted the secondary structure properties of the edge chain. Specifically, we found that such protonation behavior significantly affected specific regions, particularly the N-terminus (G9-Q15) and C-terminus (K28-A30). Further analysis confirmed that H6, H13, and H14 were directly involved in H-bonding networks with the C1_H14//C2_H13 interchain interactions critical for maintaining the interchain stability. Furthermore, we confirmed that H6, H13, and H14 were directly involved in the loss of the carbon skeleton contact in the N-terminus. Our findings indicate that the edge condition is more susceptible to changes in structural properties than the middle condition. The current study is helpful for understanding the histidine behavior hypothesis in related misfolding diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yaru Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Changgui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Hu Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
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Singh K, Kaur A, Goyal B, Goyal D. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Peptides for Synergistic Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease by Targeting Aβ Aggregation, Metal-Mediated Aβ Aggregation, Cholinesterase, Tau Degradation, and Oxidative Stress. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2545-2564. [PMID: 38979773 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive multifaceted neurodegenerative disease and remains a formidable global health challenge. The current medication for AD gives symptomatic relief and, thus, urges us to look for alternative disease-modifying therapies based on a multitarget directed approach. Looking at the remarkable progress made in peptide drug development in the last decade and the benefits associated with peptides, they offer valuable chemotypes [multitarget directed ligands (MTDLs)] as AD therapeutics. This review recapitulates the current developments made in harnessing peptides as MTDLs in combating AD by targeting multiple key pathways involved in the disease's progression. The peptides hold immense potential and represent a convincing avenue in the pursuit of novel AD therapeutics. While hurdles remain, ongoing research offers hope that peptides may eventually provide a multifaceted approach to combat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaljot Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, 140406 Punjab, India
| | - Anupamjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, 140406 Punjab, India
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, 147004 Punjab, India
| | - Deepti Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, DAV College, Sector 10, Chandigarh 160011, India
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15
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Ruan K, Bai G, Fang Y, Li D, Li T, Liu X, Lu B, Lu Q, Songyang Z, Sun S, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhou W, Zhang H. Biomolecular condensates and disease pathogenesis. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024:10.1007/s11427-024-2661-3. [PMID: 39037698 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-024-2661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates or membraneless organelles (MLOs) formed by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) divide intracellular spaces into discrete compartments for specific functions. Dysregulation of LLPS or aberrant phase transition that disturbs the formation or material states of MLOs is closely correlated with neurodegeneration, tumorigenesis, and many other pathological processes. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in development of methods to monitor phase separation and we discuss the biogenesis and function of MLOs formed through phase separation. We then present emerging proof-of-concept examples regarding the disruption of phase separation homeostasis in a diverse array of clinical conditions including neurodegenerative disorders, hearing loss, cancers, and immunological diseases. Finally, we describe the emerging discovery of chemical modulators of phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ruan
- The First Affiliated Hospital & School of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics, Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Ge Bai
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Boxun Lu
- Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Qing Lu
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Zhou Songyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Shuguo Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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16
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Uchiumi O, Zou J, Yamaki S, Hori Y, Ono M, Yamamoto R, Kato N. Disruption of sphingomyelin synthase 2 gene alleviates cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2024; 1835:148934. [PMID: 38609029 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The membrane raft accommodates the key enzymes synthesizing amyloid β (Aβ). One of the two characteristic components of the membrane raft, cholesterol, is well known to promote the key enzymes that produce amyloid-β (Aβ) and exacerbate Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Given that the raft is a physicochemical platform for the sound functioning of embedded bioactive proteins, the other major lipid component sphingomyelin may also be involved in AD. Here we knocked out the sphingomyelin synthase 2 gene (SMS2) in 3xTg AD model mice by hybridization, yielding SMS2KO mice (4S mice). The novel object recognition test in 9/10-month-old 4S mice showed that cognitive impairment in 3xTg mice was alleviated by SMS2KO, though performance in the Morris water maze (MWM) was not improved. The tail suspension test detected a depressive trait in 4S mice, which may have hindered the manifestation of performance in the wet, stressful environment of MWM. In the hippocampal CA1, hyperexcitability in 3xTg was also found alleviated by SMS2KO. In the hippocampal dentate gyrus of 4S mice, the number of neurons positive with intracellular Aβ or its precursor proteins, the hallmark of young 3xTg mice, is reduced to one-third, suggesting an SMS2KO-led suppression of syntheses of those peptides in the dentate gyrus. Although we previously reported that large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are suppressed in 3xTg mice and their recovery relates to cognitive amelioration, no changes occurred by hybridization. Sphingomyelin in the membrane raft may serve as a novel target for AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Uchiumi
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Jingyu Zou
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan; First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Sachiko Yamaki
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshie Hori
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Munenori Ono
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kato
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
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17
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Leng F, Hinz R, Gentleman S, Dani M, Brooks DJ, Edison P. Combined Neuroinflammation and Amyloid PET Markers in Predicting Disease Progression in Cognitively Impaired Subjects. J Alzheimers Dis 2024:JAD230442. [PMID: 39031352 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease is known as an important process in the disease, yet how microglial activation affects disease progression remains unclear. Objective The current study aims to interrogate the predictive value of neuroinflammation biomarker (11C-PBR28 PET), together with A/T/N imaging markers on disease deterioration in a cognitively impaired patient cohort. Methods The study included 6 AD and 27 MCI patients, who had MRI, 11C-PBR28, 18F-flutemetamol (amyloid marker), 18F-AV1451 (tau marker) PET scans, and were followed up with multiple neuropsychological assessments for at least one year (1.6 and 2.8 years on average for AD and MCI). The predictive values of imaging biomarkers on baseline and longitudinal cognition were interrogated using linear regression to identify the biomarkers that could explain disease progression. Results Linear mixed models found the average intercepts (baseline) MMSE were 23.5 for AD and 28.2 for MCI patients, and the slope of MMSE (annual change) were -0.74 for AD and -0.52 for MCI patients. White matter microstructural integrity was predictive of baseline cognition, while PET markers of amyloid, tau and neuroinflammation were predictive of longitudinal cognitive decline. Both amyloid and neuroinflammation PET markers were predictors independent of each other. And a sub-group analysis showed the predictive effect of neuroinflammation on cognitive decline is independent of amyloid and tau. Conclusions Our study highlights the prognostic value of disease specific markers (amyloid, tau and neuroinflammation) in clinically diagnosed AD and MCI patients and suggests that the effects of these molecular markers are mediated by structural damage to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangda Leng
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rainer Hinz
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford, UK
| | - Steve Gentleman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Melanie Dani
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J Brooks
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paul Edison
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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18
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Haque MA, Park IS. An expeditious and facile method of amyloid beta (1-42) purification. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307213. [PMID: 38990960 PMCID: PMC11239053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
For the study of amyloid beta (Aβ) associated toxicity which is supposed to be the main pathological agent in Alzheimer's disease (AD), it is important to secure Aβ peptide with appropriate biological activity. However, commercial and synthetic Aβ often have some pitfalls like less cell toxicity, prompt aggregation and excess price, using recombinant technology, these issues can be resolved though the method also suffered from some problems such as low yield, aggregation and prolong time to purify. Thus, we previously developed an easy, economic and convenient method for Aβ42 purification using highly expressed GroES-Ubiquitin-Aβ42 fusion protein. The method was efficient, but further development was performed to improve the procedure and increase the yield. Focus was on the isolation of the fusion protein (GroES-Ubiquitin) from Aβ42 peptide. After a series of systematic testing with several chemicals, we found that methanol could precipitate efficiently the fusion protein, while the Aβ peptide was recovered in the supernatant. By this method, Aβ peptide was easily purified without tedious chromatographic steps which are main obstacles to purify the peptide in the previous method. This method yielded ~20 mg highly pure Aβ42 peptide from 1-liter bacterial culture. Different biophysical characterizations and bioactivity assays indicate that the peptide purified using this method was competitive with others which have been previously reported whereas considering the simplicity, final yield and time of purification, this method is the optimal solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Aminul Haque
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Merul Badda, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Research Lab, Rufaida BioMeds, Aftabnagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Il Seon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea
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19
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Kuznetsov AV. The growth rate of senile plaques is determined by the competition between the rate of deposition of free Aβ aggregates into plaques and the autocatalytic production of free Aβ aggregates. J Theor Biol 2024; 593:111900. [PMID: 38992461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The formation of amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits (senile plaques) is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigates what processes are primarily responsible for their formation. A model is developed to simulate the diffusion of amyloid beta (Aβ) monomers, the production of free Aβ aggregates through nucleation and autocatalytic processes, and the deposition of these aggregates into senile plaques. The model suggests that efficient degradation of Aβ monomers alone may suffice to prevent the growth of senile plaques, even without degrading Aβ aggregates and existing plaques. This is because the degradation of Aβ monomers interrupts the supply of reactants needed for plaque formation. The impact of Aβ monomer diffusivity is demonstrated to be small, enabling the application of the lumped capacitance approximation and the derivation of approximate analytical solutions for limiting cases with both small and large rates of Aβ aggregate deposition into plaques. It is found that the rate of plaque growth is governed by two competing processes. One is the deposition rate of free Aβ aggregates into senile plaques. If this rate is small, the plaque grows slowly. However, if the rate of deposition of Aβ aggregates into senile plaques is very large, the free Aβ aggregates are removed from the intracellular fluid by deposition into the plaques, leaving insufficient free Aβ aggregates to catalyze the production of new aggregates. This suggests that under certain conditions, Aβ plaques may offer neuroprotection and impede their own growth. Additionally, it indicates that there exists an optimal rate of deposition of free Aβ aggregates into the plaques, at which the plaques attain their maximum size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Kuznetsov
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910, USA.
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20
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Sethi P, Bhaskar R, Singh KK, Gupta S, Han SS, Avinash D, Abomughaid MM, Koul A, Rani B, Ghosh S, Jha NK, Sinha JK. Exploring advancements in early detection of Alzheimer's disease with molecular assays and animal models. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102411. [PMID: 38986845 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a challenging neurodegenerative condition, with overwhelming implications for affected individuals and healthcare systems worldwide. Animal models have played a crucial role in studying AD pathogenesis and testing therapeutic interventions. Remarkably, studies on the genetic factors affecting AD risk, such as APOE and TREM2, have provided valuable insights into disease mechanisms. Early diagnosis has emerged as a crucial factor in effective AD management, as demonstrated by clinical studies emphasizing the benefits of initiating treatment at early stages. Novel diagnostic technologies, including RNA sequencing of microglia, offer promising avenues for early detection and monitoring of AD progression. Therapeutic strategies remain to evolve, with a focus on targeting amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology. Advances in animal models, such as APP-KI mice, and the advancement of anti-Aβ drugs signify progress towards more effective treatments. Therapeutically, the focus has shifted towards intricate approaches targeting multiple pathological pathways simultaneously. Strategies aimed at reducing Aβ plaque accumulation, inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation, and modulating neuroinflammation are actively being explored, both in preclinical models and clinical trials. While challenges continue in developing validated animal models and translating preclinical findings to clinical success, the continuing efforts in understanding AD at molecular, cellular, and clinical levels offer hope for improved management and eventual prevention of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paalki Sethi
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Krishna Kumar Singh
- Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (SCIT), Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune, Maharashtra 411057, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeonsang 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - D Avinash
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Apurva Koul
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjeri, Mohali, Punjab 140307, India
| | - Bindu Rani
- Department of Medicine, National Institute of Medical Sciences, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajsthan, India
| | - Shampa Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
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Li M, Guan M, Lin J, Zhu K, Zhu J, Guo M, Li Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Zou Y, Wu D, Xu J, Yi W, Fan Y, Ma S, Chen Y, Xu J, Yang L, Dai J, Ye T, Lu Z, Chen Y. Early blood immune molecular alterations in cynomolgus monkeys with a PSEN1 mutation causing familial Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 38973166 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More robust non-human primate models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) will provide new opportunities to better understand the pathogenesis and progression of AD. METHODS We designed a CRISPR/Cas9 system to achieve precise genomic deletion of exon 9 in cynomolgus monkeys using two guide RNAs targeting the 3' and 5' intron sequences of PSEN1 exon 9. We performed biochemical, transcriptome, proteome, and biomarker analyses to characterize the cellular and molecular dysregulations of this non-human primate model. RESULTS We observed early changes of AD-related pathological proteins (cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 and phosphorylated tau) in PSEN1 mutant (ie, PSEN1-ΔE9) monkeys. Blood transcriptome and proteome profiling revealed early changes in inflammatory and immune molecules in juvenile PSEN1-ΔE9 cynomolgus monkeys. DISCUSSION PSEN1 mutant cynomolgus monkeys recapitulate AD-related pathological protein changes, and reveal early alterations in blood immune signaling. Thus, this model might mimic AD-associated pathogenesis and has potential utility for developing early diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. HIGHLIGHTS A dual-guide CRISPR/Cas9 system successfully mimics AD PSEN1-ΔE9 mutation by genomic excision of exon 9. PSEN1 mutant cynomolgus monkey-derived fibroblasts exhibit disrupted PSEN1 endoproteolysis and increased Aβ secretion. Blood transcriptome and proteome profiling implicate early inflammatory and immune molecular dysregulation in juvenile PSEN1 mutant cynomolgus monkeys. Cerebrospinal fluid from juvenile PSEN1 mutant monkeys recapitulates early changes of AD-related pathological proteins (increased Aβ42 and phosphorylated tau).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfeng Guan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- SIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbang Lin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaichuan Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiayi Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yinhu Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- SIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yefei Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijing Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- SIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Daiqiang Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junxin Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanying Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingying Fan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- SIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuewen Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- SIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- SIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghua Lu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
- SIAT-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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Lee S, Ju IG, Eo H, Kim JH, Choi Y, Oh MS. Rhei Undulati Rhizoma attenuates memory decline and reduces amyloid-β induced neuritic dystrophy in 5xFAD mouse. Chin Med 2024; 19:95. [PMID: 38965625 PMCID: PMC11223309 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common type of dementia characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation, lysosomal dysfunction, and tau hyperphosphorylation, leading to neurite dystrophy and memory loss. This study aimed to investigate whether Rhei Undulati Rhizoma (RUR), which has been reported to have anti-neuroinflammatory effect, attenuates Aβ-induced memory impairment, neuritic dystrophy, and tau hyperphosphorylation, and to reveal its mode of action. METHODS Five-month-old 5xFAD mice received RUR (50 mg/kg) orally for 2 months. The Y-maze test was used to assess working memory. After behavioral testing, brain tissue was analyzed using thioflavin S staining, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining to investigate the mode of action of RUR. To confirm whether RUR directly reduces Aβ aggregation, a thioflavin T assay and dot blot were performed after incubating Aβ with RUR. RESULTS RUR administration attenuated the Aβ-induced memory impairment in 5xFAD mice. Furthermore, decreased accumulation of Aβ was observed in the hippocampus of the RUR-treated 5xFAD group compare to the vehicle-treated 5xFAD group. Moreover, RUR reduced the dystrophic neurites (DNs) that accumulate impaired endolysosomal organelles around Aβ. In particular, RUR treatment downregulated the expression of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 and the hyperphosphorylation of tau within DNs. Additionally, RUR directly suppressed the aggregation of Aβ, and eliminated Aβ oligomers in vitro. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that RUR could attenuate Aβ-induced pathology and directly regulate the aggregation of Aβ. These results suggest that RUR could be an efficient material for AD treatment through Aβ regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In Gyoung Ju
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Choi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-Ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Faraji P, Kühn H, Ahmadian S. Multiple Roles of Apolipoprotein E4 in Oxidative Lipid Metabolism and Ferroptosis During the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:62. [PMID: 38958788 PMCID: PMC11222241 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide and has a great socio-economic impact. Modified oxidative lipid metabolism and dysregulated iron homeostasis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disorder, but the detailed pathophysiological mechanisms still remain unclear. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a lipid-binding protein that occurs in large quantities in human blood plasma, and a polymorphism of the APOE gene locus has been identified as risk factors for AD. The human genome involves three major APOE alleles (APOE2, APOE3, APOE4), which encode for three subtly distinct apolipoprotein E isoforms (APOE2, APOE3, APOE4). The canonic function of these apolipoproteins is lipid transport in blood and brain, but APOE4 allele carriers have a much higher risk for AD. In fact, about 60% of clinically diagnosed AD patients carry at least one APOE4 allele in their genomes. Although the APOE4 protein has been implicated in pathophysiological key processes of AD, such as extracellular beta-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, formation of neurofibrillary tangles, modified oxidative lipid metabolism, and ferroptotic cell death, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not well understood. As for all mammalian cells, iron plays a crucial role in neuronal functions and dysregulation of iron homeostasis has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Imbalances in iron homeostasis and impairment of the hydroperoxy lipid-reducing capacity induce cellular dysfunction leading to neuronal ferroptosis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on APOE4-related oxidative lipid metabolism and the potential role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of AD. Pharmacological interference with these processes might offer innovative strategies for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Faraji
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kühn
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Gharai PK, Khan J, Pradhan K, Mallesh R, Garg S, Arshi MU, Barman S, Ghosh S. Power of Dopamine: Multifunctional Compound Assisted Conversion of the Most Risk Factor into Therapeutics of Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2470-2483. [PMID: 38874606 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role, which is produced from molecular oxygen with extracellular deposited amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates through the reduction of a Cu2+ ion. In the presence of a small amount of redox-active Cu2+ ion, ROS is produced by the Aβ-Cu2+ complex as Aβ peptide alone is unable to generate excess ROS. Therefore, Cu2+ ion chelators are considered promising therapeutics against AD. Here, we have designed and synthesized a series of Schiff base derivatives (SB) based on 2-hydroxy aromatic aldehyde derivatives and dopamine. These SB compounds contain one copper chelating core, which captures the Cu2+ ions from the Aβ-Cu2+ complex. Thereby, it inhibits copper-induced amyloid aggregation as well as amyloid self-aggregation. It also inhibits copper-catalyzed ROS production through sequestering of Cu2+ ions. The uniqueness of our designed ligands has the dual property of dopamine, which not only acts as a ROS scavenger but also chelates the copper ion. The crystallographic analysis proves the power of the dopamine unit. Therefore, dual exploration of dopamine core can be considered as potential therapeutics for future AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Kumar Gharai
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, WB, India
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Juhee Khan
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, WB, India
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Krishnangsu Pradhan
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, WB, India
| | - Rathnam Mallesh
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, WB, India
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Shubham Garg
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mohammad Umar Arshi
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Surajit Barman
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, WB, India
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR─Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, WB, India
- Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, NH 65, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
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25
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Song C, Li S, Mai Y, Li L, Dai G, Zhou Y, Liang X, Zou OM, Wang Y, Zhou L, Liu J, Zou Y. Dysregulated expression of miR-140 and miR-122 compromised microglial chemotaxis and led to reduced restriction of AD pathology. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:167. [PMID: 38956605 PMCID: PMC11218311 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03162-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deposition of amyloid β, which is produced by amyloidogenic cleavage of APP by β- and γ-secretase, is one of the primary hallmarks of AD pathology. APP can also be processed by α- and γ-secretase sequentially, to generate sAPPα, which has been shown to be neuroprotective by promoting neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival, etc. METHODS: The global expression profiles of miRNA in blood plasma samples taken from 11 AD patients as well as from 14 age and sex matched cognitively normal volunteers were analyzed using miRNA-seq. Then, overexpressed miR-140 and miR-122 both in vivo and in vitro, and knock-down of the endogenous expression of miR-140 and miR-122 in vitro. Used a combination of techniques, including molecular biology, immunohistochemistry, to detect the impact of miRNAs on AD pathology. RESULTS In this study, we identified that two miRNAs, miR-140-3p and miR-122-5p, both targeting ADAM10, the main α-secretase in CNS, were upregulated in the blood plasma of AD patients. Overexpression of these two miRNAs in mouse brains induced cognitive decline in wild type C57BL/6J mice as well as exacerbated dyscognition in APP/PS1 mice. Although significant changes in APP and total Aβ were not detected, significantly downregulated ADAM10 and its non-amyloidogenic product, sAPPα, were observed in the mouse brains overexpressing miR-140/miR-122. Immunohistology analysis revealed increased neurite dystrophy that correlated with the reduced microglial chemotaxis in the hippocampi of these mice, independent of the other two ADAM10 substrates (neuronal CX3CL1 and microglial TREM2) that were involved in regulating the microglial immunoactivity. Further in vitro analysis demonstrated that both the reduced neuritic outgrowth of mouse embryonic neuronal cells overexpressing miR-140/miR-122 and the reduced Aβ phagocytosis in microglia cells co-cultured with HT22 cells overexpressing miR-140/miR-122 could be rescued by overexpressing the specific inhibitory sequence of miR-140/miR-122 TuD as well as by addition of sAPPα, rendering these miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that neuroprotective sAPPα was a key player in the neuropathological progression induced by dysregulated expression of miR-140 and miR-122. Targeting these miRNAs might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Shufang Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Yingren Mai
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China
| | - Linpeng Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Guoku Dai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Xiaosheng Liang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Olivia Meilan Zou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Ya Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Libing Zhou
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510260, China.
| | - Yi Zou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
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26
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Pizzirusso G, Preka E, Goikolea J, Aguilar-Ruiz C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Vazquez-Cabrera G, Laterza S, Latorre-Leal M, Eroli F, Blomgren K, Maioli S, Nilsson P, Fragkopoulou A, Fisahn A, Arroyo-García LE. Dynamic microglia alterations associate with hippocampal network impairments: A turning point in amyloid pathology progression. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:286-300. [PMID: 38608739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurological disorder causing memory loss and cognitive decline. The underlying causes of cognitive deterioration and neurodegeneration remain unclear, leading to a lack of effective strategies to prevent dementia. Recent evidence highlights the role of neuroinflammation, particularly involving microglia, in Alzheimer's disease onset and progression. Characterizing the initial phase of Alzheimer's disease can lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, facilitating timely interventions for effective treatments. We used the AppNL-G-F knock-in mouse model, which resembles the amyloid pathology and neuroinflammatory characteristics of Alzheimer's disease, to investigate the transition from a pre-plaque to an early plaque stage with a combined functional and molecular approach. Our experiments show a progressive decrease in the power of cognition-relevant hippocampal gamma oscillations during the early stage of amyloid pathology, together with a modification of fast-spiking interneuron intrinsic properties and postsynaptic input. Consistently, transcriptomic analyses revealed that these effects are accompanied by changes in synaptic function-associated pathways. Concurrently, homeostasis- and inflammatory-related microglia signature genes were downregulated. Moreover, we found a decrease in Iba1-positive microglia in the hippocampus that correlates with plaque aggregation and neuronal dysfunction. Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that microglia play a protective role during the early stages of amyloid pathology by preventing plaque aggregation, supporting neuronal homeostasis, and overall preserving the oscillatory network's functionality. These results suggest that the early alteration of microglia dynamics could be a pivotal event in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, potentially triggering plaque deposition, impairment of fast-spiking interneurons, and the breakdown of the oscillatory circuitry in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Pizzirusso
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Efthalia Preka
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Julen Goikolea
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Celia Aguilar-Ruiz
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - Simona Laterza
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Maria Latorre-Leal
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Francesca Eroli
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Maioli
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - André Fisahn
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Luis Enrique Arroyo-García
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
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Kok M, Brodsky JL. The biogenesis of potassium transporters: implications of disease-associated mutations. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2024:1-45. [PMID: 38946646 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2024.2369986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The concentration of intracellular and extracellular potassium is tightly regulated due to the action of various ion transporters, channels, and pumps, which reside primarily in the kidney. Yet, potassium transporters and cotransporters play vital roles in all organs and cell types. Perhaps not surprisingly, defects in the biogenesis, function, and/or regulation of these proteins are linked to range of catastrophic human diseases, but to date, few drugs have been approved to treat these maladies. In this review, we discuss the structure, function, and activity of a group of potassium-chloride cotransporters, the KCCs, as well as the related sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporters, the NKCCs. Diseases associated with each of the four KCCs and two NKCCs are also discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on how these complex membrane proteins fold and mature in the endoplasmic reticulum, how non-native forms of the cotransporters are destroyed in the cell, and which cellular factors oversee their maturation and transport to the cell surface. When known, we also outline how the levels and activities of each cotransporter are regulated. Open questions in the field and avenues for future investigations are further outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Kok
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Shindo T, Eguchi K, Monma Y, Kanai H, Yasuda S, Shimokawa H. Optimal treatment conditions for low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy for Alzheimer's disease: applications from mice to humans. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2024; 51:419-427. [PMID: 38698287 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-024-01461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously developed a novel therapy with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) that ameliorates cognitive decline through upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial, we demonstrated that whole-brain LIPUS therapy is safe and tends to suppress the cognitive decline in early AD patients. We herein report the findings of our basic experiments that we performed for the pilot trial in order to apply whole-brain LIPUS therapy to humans, as well. METHODS First, we examined the relationship between bone density/thickness and ultrasound transmittance using human temporal bone. Next, based on the results of ultrasound transmittance, we further examined mRNA expression of VEGF, FGF2, and eNOS in response to variable ultrasound frequencies, duty cycles, and sound pressures. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between bone thickness and transmittance (1.0 MHz, P < 0.001), while there was no significant correlation between bone density and transmittance (1.0 MHz, P = 0.421). At a frequency of 0.5 MHz, the optimum duty cycle was considered to be up to 20%. When the tissue amplitude was in the range of 0.05-0.5 MPa, VEGF, FGF2, and eNOS were significantly upregulated by LIPUS. Thus, the conditions necessary for LIPUS therapy for the human brain were identified as sound pressure just below the probe 1.3 MPa (tissue amplitude 0.15 MPa), duty cycle 5%, and frequency 0.5 MHz. CONCLUSION We successfully identified the optimal treatment conditions for LIPUS therapy for patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-Machiachiachi, Aoba-Kuuu, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kumiko Eguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-Machiachiachi, Aoba-Kuuu, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yuto Monma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-Machiachiachi, Aoba-Kuuu, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kanai
- Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-Machiachiachi, Aoba-Kuuu, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-Machiachiachi, Aoba-Kuuu, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
- Graduate School, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan.
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Ikeda K, Sugiura Y, Nakao H, Nakano M. Thermodynamics of oligomerization and Helix-to-sheet structural transition of amyloid β-protein on anionic phospholipid vesicles. Biophys Chem 2024; 310:107248. [PMID: 38653174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2024.107248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Understanding oligomerization and aggregation of the amyloid-β protein is important to elucidate the pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease, and lipid membranes play critical roles in this process. In addition to studies reported by other groups, our group has also reported that the negatively-charged lipid bilayers with a high positive curvature induced α-helix-to-β-sheet conformational transitions of amyloid-β-(1-40) upon increase in protein density on the membrane surface and promoted amyloid fibril formation of the protein. Herein, we investigated detailed mechanisms of the conformational transition and oligomer formation of the amyloid-β protein on the membrane surface. Changes in the fractions of the three protein conformers (free monomer, membrane-bound α-helix-rich conformation, and β-sheet-rich conformation) were determined from the fluorescent spectral changes of the tryptophan probe in the protein. The helix-to-sheet structural transition on the surface was described by a thermodynamic model of octamer formation driven by entropic forces including hydrophobic interactions. These findings provide useful information for understanding the self-assembly of amyloidogenic proteins on lipid membrane surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ikeda
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Yuuki Sugiura
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakao
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Minoru Nakano
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Kim DK, Suh K, Park J, Lee SE, Han J, Chang S, Kim Y, Mook-Jung I. FGFR3 drives Aβ-induced tau uptake. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01274-3. [PMID: 38951140 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis suggests that amyloid beta (Aβ) contributes to initiating subsequent tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms through which Aβ contributes to tau uptake and propagation remain poorly understood. Here, we show that preexisting amyloid pathology accelerates the uptake of extracellular tau into neurons. Using quantitative proteomic analysis of endocytic vesicles, we reveal that Aβ induces the internalization of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3). Extracellular tau binds to the extracellular domain of FGFR3 and is internalized by the FGFR3 ligand, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Aβ accelerates FGF2 secretion from neurons, thereby inducing the internalization of tau-attached FGFR3. Knockdown of FGFR3 in the hippocampus reduces tau aggregation by decreasing tau uptake and improving memory function in AD model mice. These data suggest FGFR3 in neurons as a novel tau receptor and a key mediator of Aβ-induced tau uptake in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kyu Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyujin Suh
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Department of Medical Science, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Omics Center, Future Medicine Research Institute, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihui Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghoe Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Department of Medical Science, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Omics Center, Future Medicine Research Institute, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Moorthy H, Ramesh M, Padhi D, Baruah P, Govindaraju T. Polycatechols inhibit ferroptosis and modulate tau liquid-liquid phase separation to mitigate Alzheimer's disease. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:3082-3089. [PMID: 38647314 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00023d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that affects learning, memory, and cognition. Current treatments targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau have shown limited effectiveness, necessitating further research on the aggregation and toxicity mechanisms. One of these mechanisms involves the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of tau, contributing to the formation of pathogenic tau aggregates, although their conformational details remain elusive. Another mechanism is ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-mediated cell death, which has been implicated in AD. There is a lack of therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target amyloid toxicity and ferroptosis. This study aims to explore the potential of polycatechols, PDP and PLDP, consisting of dopamine and L-Dopa, respectively, as multifunctional agents to modulate the pathological nexus between ferroptosis and AD. Polycatechols were found to sequester the labile iron pool (LIP), inhibit Aβ and tau aggregation, scavenge free radicals, protect mitochondria, and prevent ferroptosis, thereby rescuing neuronal cell death. Interestingly, PLDP promotes tau LLPS, and modulates their intermolecular interactions to inhibit the formation of toxic tau aggregates, offering a conceptually innovative approach to tackle tauopathies. This is a first-of-its-kind polymer-based integrative approach that inhibits ferroptosis, counteracts amyloid toxicity, and modulates tau LLPS to mitigate the multifaceted toxicity of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariharan Moorthy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Madhu Ramesh
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Dikshaa Padhi
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Prayasee Baruah
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.
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Yang J, Shen N, Shen J, Yang Y, Li HL. Complicated Role of Post-translational Modification and Protease-Cleaved Fragments of Tau in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Tauopathies. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4712-4731. [PMID: 38114762 PMCID: PMC11236937 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Tau, a microtubule-associated protein predominantly localized in neuronal axons, plays a crucial role in promoting microtubule assembly, stabilizing their structure, and participating in axonal transport. Perturbations in tau's structure and function are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases collectively known as tauopathies, the most common disorder of which is Alzheimer's disease (AD). In tauopathies, it has been found that tau has a variety of post-translational modification (PTM) abnormalities and/or tau is cleaved into a variety of fragments by some specific proteolytic enzymes; however, the precise contributions of these abnormal modifications and fragments to disease onset and progression remain incompletely understood. Herein, we provide an overview about the involvement of distinctive abnormal tau PTMs and different tau fragments in the pathogenesis of AD and other tauopathies and discuss the involvement of proteolytic enzymes such as caspases, calpains, and asparagine endopeptidase in mediating tau cleavage while also addressing the intercellular transmission role played by tau. We anticipate that further exploration into PTMs and fragmented forms of tau will yield valuable insights for diagnostic approaches and therapeutic interventions targeting AD and other related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Naiting Shen
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianying Shen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hong-Lian Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, Hubei Province of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Wybitul M, Buchmann A, Langer N, Hock C, Treyer V, Gietl A. Trajectories of amyloid beta accumulation - Unveiling the relationship with APOE genotype and cognitive decline. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 139:44-53. [PMID: 38593527 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) follows a sigmoidal time function with varying accumulation rates. We studied how the position on this function, reflected by different Aβ accumulation phases, influences APOE ɛ4's association with Aβ and cognitive decline in 503 participants without dementia using Aβ-PET imaging over 5.3-years. First, Aβ load and accumulation were analyzed irrespective of phases using linear mixed regression. Generally, ɛ4 carriers displayed a higher Aβ load. Moreover, Aβ normal (Aβ-) ɛ4 carriers demonstrated higher accumulation. Next, we categorized accumulation phases as "decrease", "stable", or "increase" based on trajectory shapes. After excluding the Aβ-/decrease participants from the initial regression, the difference in accumulation attributable to genotype among Aβ- individuals was no longer significant. Further analysis revealed that in increase phases, Aβ accumulation was higher among noncarriers, indicating a genotype-related timeline shift. Finally, cognitive decline was analyzed across phases and was already evident in the Aβ-/increase phase. Our results encourage early interventions for ɛ4 carriers and imply that monitoring accumulating Aβ- individuals might help identify those at risk for cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Wybitul
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zurich, Zurich 8050, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Buchmann
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Langer
- Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8050, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hock
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Neurimmune, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Treyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.
| | - Anton Gietl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland; University Hospital for Geriatric Psychiatry, Zurich 8008, Switzerland
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Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wang P, Ding H, Liu C, Lyu J, Le W. Terahertz Irradiation Improves Cognitive Impairments and Attenuates Alzheimer's Neuropathology in the APP SWE/PS1 DE9 Mouse: A Novel Therapeutic Intervention for Alzheimer's Disease. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:857-871. [PMID: 37971654 PMCID: PMC11250709 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ), neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. In recent years, considering the unsatisfied benefits of pharmacological therapies, non-pharmacological therapy has become a research hotspot for AD intervention. Terahertz (THz) waves with a range between microwave and infrared regions in the electromagnetic spectrum and high permeability to a wide range of materials have great potential in the bioengineering field. However, its biological impacts on the central nervous system, under either physiological or pathological conditions, are poorly investigated. In this study, we first measured the 0.14 THz waves penetration across the skull of a C57BL/6 mouse and found the percentage of THz penetration to be ~70%, guaranteeing that THz waves can reach the relevant brain regions. We then exposed the APPSWE/PS1DE9 mouse model of AD to repeated low-frequency THz waves on the head. We demonstrated that THz waves treatment significantly improved the cognitive impairment and alleviated AD neuropathology including Aβ deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation in the AD mice. Moreover, THz waves treatment effectively attenuated mitochondrial impairment, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss in the AD mouse brain. Our findings reveal previously unappreciated beneficial effects of THz waves treatment in AD and suggest that THz waves may have the potential to be used as a novel therapeutic intervention for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yarui Zhao
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Hongbin Ding
- School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Junhong Lyu
- Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial Hospital, Medical School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Cao Y, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Chen X, Peng J. Direct detection of acetylcholinesterase by Fe(HCOO) 2.6(OH) 0.3. H 2O nanosheets with oxidase-like activity on a smartphone platform. Talanta 2024; 274:126074. [PMID: 38608632 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is crucial in clinical diagnosis and drug screening. Traditional methods for detecting AChE usually require the addition of intermediates like acetylthiocholine, which complicates the detection process and introduces interference risks. Herein, we develop a direct colorimetric assay based on alkaline iron formate nanosheets (Fe(HCOO)2.6(OH)0.3·H2O NSs, Fef NSs) for the detection of AChE without any intermediates. The as-prepared Fef NSs exhibit oxidase-like activity, catalyzing the generation of O2·-, 1O2 and ·OH, which leads to a color change from colorless to blue when exposed to 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine. AChE directly inhibits the oxidase-like activity of Fef NSs, resulting in a hindered color reaction, enabling the detection of AChE. The biosensor has a linear detection range of 0.1-30 mU/mL, with a minimum detection limit of 0.0083 mU/mL (S/N = 3), representing a 100-fold improvement in detection sensitivity over the traditional Ellman's method. Satisfactory results were obtained when analyzing real AChE samples. Attractively, a method for the quantitative detection of AChE by a smartphone is established based on the Fef NSs. This method enables instant acquisition of AChE concentrations, achieving real-time visualized detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Iram F, Shahid M, Ansari J, Ashraf GM, Hassan MI, Islam A. Navigating the Maze of Alzheimer's disease by exploring BACE1: Discovery, current scenario, and future prospects. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102342. [PMID: 38762102 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurological condition that has become a leading cause of cognitive decline in elder individuals. Hardly any effective medication has been developed to halt the progression of AD due to the disease's complexity. Several theories have been put forward to clarify the mechanisms underlying AD etiology. The identification of amyloid plaques as a hallmark of AD has sparked the development of numerous drugs targeting the players involved in the amyloidogenic pathway, such as the β-site of amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1) blockers. Over the last ten years, preclinical and early experimental research has led several pharmaceutical companies to prioritize producing BACE1 inhibitors. Despite all these efforts, earlier discovered inhibitors were discontinued in consideration of another second-generation small molecules and recent BACE1 antagonists failed in the final stages of clinical trials because of the complications associated either with toxicity or effectiveness. In addition to discussing the difficulties associated with development of BACE1 inhibitors, this review aims to provide an overview of BACE1 and offer perspectives on the causes behind the failure of five recent BACE1 inhibitors, that would be beneficial for choosing effective treatment approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Iram
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaoud Ansari
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- University of Sharjah, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Prosswimmer T, Nick SE, Bryers JD, Daggett V. Designed De Novo α-Sheet Peptides Destabilize Bacterial Biofilms and Increase the Susceptibility of E. coli and S. aureus to Antibiotics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7024. [PMID: 39000131 PMCID: PMC11241457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-associated microbes are 10-1000 times less susceptible to antibiotics. An emerging treatment strategy is to target the structural components of biofilm to weaken the extracellular matrix without introducing selective pressure. Biofilm-associated bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, generate amyloid fibrils to reinforce their extracellular matrix. Previously, de novo synthetic α-sheet peptides designed in silico were shown to inhibit amyloid formation in multiple bacterial species, leading to the destabilization of their biofilms. Here, we investigated the impact of inhibiting amyloid formation on antibiotic susceptibility. We hypothesized that combined administration of antibiotics and α-sheet peptides would destabilize biofilm formation and increase antibiotic susceptibility. Two α-sheet peptides, AP90 and AP401, with the same sequence but inverse chirality at every amino acid were tested: AP90 is L-amino acid dominant while AP401 is D-amino acid dominant. For E. coli, both peptides increased antibiotic susceptibility and decreased the biofilm colony forming units when administered with five different antibiotics, and AP401 caused a greater increase in all cases. For S. aureus, increased biofilm antibiotic susceptibility was also observed for both peptides, but AP90 outperformed AP401. A comparison of the peptide effects demonstrates how chirality influences biofilm targeting of gram-negative E. coli and gram-positive S. aureus. The observed increase in antibiotic susceptibility highlights the role amyloid fibrils play in the reduced susceptibility of bacterial biofilms to specific antibiotics. Thus, the co-administration of α-sheet peptides and existing antibiotics represents a promising strategy for the treatment of biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatum Prosswimmer
- Molecular Engineering Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sarah E. Nick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - James D. Bryers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Valerie Daggett
- Molecular Engineering Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
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38
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De Paolis ML, Paoletti I, Zaccone C, Capone F, D'Amelio M, Krashia P. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at gamma frequency: an up-and-coming tool to modify the progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:33. [PMID: 38926897 PMCID: PMC11210106 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The last decades have witnessed huge efforts devoted to deciphering the pathological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and to testing new drugs, with the recent FDA approval of two anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies for AD treatment. Beyond these drug-based experimentations, a number of pre-clinical and clinical trials are exploring the benefits of alternative treatments, such as non-invasive stimulation techniques on AD neuropathology and symptoms. Among the different non-invasive brain stimulation approaches, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is gaining particular attention due to its ability to externally control gamma oscillations. Here, we outline the current knowledge concerning the clinical efficacy, safety, ease-of-use and cost-effectiveness of tACS on early and advanced AD, applied specifically at 40 Hz frequency, and also summarise pre-clinical results on validated models of AD and ongoing patient-centred trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa De Paolis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Paoletti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Zaccone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200 - 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello D'Amelio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso Di Fiorano, 64 - 00143, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paraskevi Krashia
- Department of Experimental Neurosciences, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso Di Fiorano, 64 - 00143, Rome, Italy
- Department of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21 - 00128, Rome, Italy
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Jana AK, Keskin R, Yaşar F. Molecular Insight into the Effect of HIV-TAT Protein on Amyloid-β Peptides. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:27480-27491. [PMID: 38947850 PMCID: PMC11209880 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Increased deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the brain is a frequent pathological feature observed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. Emerging evidence indicates that HIV regulatory proteins, particularly the transactivator of transcription (TAT) protein, could interact with Aβ peptide, accelerating the formation of Aβ plaques in the brain and potentially contributing to the onset of Alzheimer's disease in individuals with HIV infection. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear. In the present study, we have used long all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to probe the direct interactions between the TAT protein and Aβ peptide at the molecular level. Sampling over 28.0 μs, our simulations show that TAT protein induces a shift in the Aβ monomer ensemble toward elongated conformations, exposing aggregation-prone regions on the surface and thereby inducing subsequent aggregation. TAT protein also appears to enhance the stability of preformed Aβ fibrils, while increasing the β-sheet content within these fibrils. Our atomistically detailed simulations qualitatively agree with previous in vitro and in vivo studies. Importantly, our simulations identify key interactions between Aβ and the TAT protein that drive the Aβ aggregation process and stabilize the preformed Aβ aggregates, which are particularly challenging to obtain through current experimental techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asis K. Jana
- Department
of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Sister
Nivedita University, Kolkata 700156, India
| | - Recep Keskin
- Department
of Physics Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Yaşar
- Department
of Physics Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Türkiye
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40
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Zhang X, He G, Hu Y, Liu B, Xu Y, Li X, Lv X, Li J. Single cell transcriptome analysis identified a unique neutrophil type associated with Alzheimer's disease. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:42. [PMID: 38918830 PMCID: PMC11197360 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils play an essential role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, the extent of their heterogeneity remains poorly explored, particularly in the context of developing novel therapies targeting these cells. RESULTS We investigate the population structure of neutrophils purified from peripheral blood samples of AD mice. Utilizing single cell RNA sequencing, we comprehensively map neutrophil populations into six distinct clusters and find that the Neu-5 subset is specially enriched in AD mice. This subset exhibits fewer specific granules and a lower mature score. Gene ontology (GO) analysis reveals that genes involved in cytokine-mediated signaling are downregulated in the Neu-5 cluster. Furthermore, we identify the Ccrl2 gene is specifically upregulated in this subgroup, which is confirmed by flow cytometry in AD mice. Finally, immunohistochemical staining indicates that CCRL2 protein is increased in the brains of AD mice. CONCLUSIONS We identify a unique CCRL2 positive neutrophil cluster, that is specifically enriched in the peripheral blood of AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Guiqin He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yixuan Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Boren Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuliang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xia Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xinyou Lv
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
| | - Jin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Institute of Public Health Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
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Okuyama C, Higashi T, Ishizu K, Oishi N, Kusano K, Ito M, Kagawa S, Okina T, Suzuki N, Hasegawa H, Nagahama Y, Watanabe H, Ono M, Yamauchi H. New objective simple evaluation methods of amyloid PET/CT using whole-brain histogram and Top20%-Map. Ann Nucl Med 2024:10.1007/s12149-024-01956-y. [PMID: 38907835 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-024-01956-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the utility of newly developed objective methods for the evaluation of intracranial abnormal amyloid deposition using PET/CT histogram without use of cortical ROI analyses. METHODS Twenty-five healthy volunteers (HV) and 38 patients with diagnosed or suspected dementia who had undergone 18F-FPYBF-2 PET/CT were retrospectively included in this study. Out of them, 11C-PiB PET/CT had been also performed in 13 subjects. In addition to the conventional methods, namely visual judgment and quantitative analyses using composed standardized uptake value ratio (comSUVR), the PET images were also evaluated by the following new parameters: the skewness and the mode-to-mean ratio (MMR) obtained from the histogram of the brain parenchyma; Top20%-map highlights the areas with high tracer accumulation occupying 20% volume of the total brain parenchymal on the individual's CT images. We evaluated the utility of the new methods using histogram compared with the visual assessment and comSUVR. The results of these new methods between 18F-FPYBF-2 and 11C-PiB were also compared in 13 subjects. RESULTS In visual analysis, 32, 9, and 22 subjects showed negative, border, and positive results, and composed SUVR in each group were 1.11 ± 0.06, 1.20 ± 0.13, and 1.48 ± 0.18 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Visually positive subjects showed significantly low skewness and high MMR (p < 0.0001), and the Top20%-Map showed the presence or absence of abnormal deposits clearly. In comparison between the two tracers, visual evaluation was all consistent, and the ComSUVR, the skewness, the MMR showed significant good correlation. The Top20%-Maps showed similar pattern. CONCLUSIONS Our new methods using the histogram of the brain parenchymal accumulation are simple and suitable for clinical practice of amyloid PET, and Top20%-Map on the individual's brain CT can be of great help for the visual assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chio Okuyama
- Clinical Research Center, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Clinical Research Center, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Koichi Ishizu
- Clinical Research Center, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
- Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Oishi
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kuninori Kusano
- Clinical Research Center, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Miki Ito
- Clinical Research Center, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
- Department of Radiology, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Shinya Kagawa
- Clinical Research Center, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okina
- Department of Neurology, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Norio Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Neurology, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagahama
- Department of Neurology, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Kawasaki Memorial Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Fundamental Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Fundamental Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamauchi
- Clinical Research Center, Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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42
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Kuznetsov AV. Numerical modeling of senile plaque development under conditions of limited diffusivity of amyloid-β monomers. J Theor Biol 2024; 587:111823. [PMID: 38608804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This paper introduces a new model to simulate the progression of senile plaques, focusing on scenarios where concentrations of amyloid beta (Aβ) monomers and aggregates vary between neurons. Extracellular variations in these concentrations may arise due to limited diffusivity of Aβ monomers and a high rate of Aβ monomer production at lipid membranes, requiring a substantial concentration gradient for diffusion-driven transport of Aβ monomers. The dimensionless formulation of the model is presented, which identifies four key dimensionless parameters governing the solutions for Aβ monomer and aggregate concentrations, as well as the radius of a growing Aβ plaque within the control volume. These parameters include the dimensionless diffusivity of Aβ monomers, the dimensionless rate of Aβ monomer production, and the dimensionless half-lives of Aβ monomers and aggregates. A dimensionless parameter is then introduced to evaluate the validity of the lumped capacitance approximation. An approximate solution is derived for the scenario involving large diffusivity of Aβ monomers and dysfunctional protein degradation machinery, resulting in infinitely long half-lives for Aβ monomers and aggregates. In this scenario, the concentrations of Aβ aggregates and the radius of the Aβ plaque depend solely on a single dimensionless parameter that characterizes the rate of Aβ monomer production. According to the approximate solution, the concentration of Aβ aggregates is linearly dependent on the rate of monomer production, and the radius of an Aβ plaque is directly proportional to the cube root of the rate of monomer production. However, when departing from the conditions of the approximate solution (e.g., finite half-lives), the concentrations of Aβ monomers and aggregates, along with the plaque radius, exhibit complex dependencies on all four dimensionless parameters. For instance, under physiological half-life conditions, the plaque radius reaches a maximum value and stabilizes thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Kuznetsov
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910, USA.
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43
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Johannesson M, Söderberg L, Zachrisson O, Fritz N, Kylefjord H, Gkanatsiou E, Button E, Svensson AS, Rachalski A, Nygren P, Osswald G, Lannfelt L, Möller C. Lecanemab demonstrates highly selective binding to Aβ protofibrils isolated from Alzheimer's disease brains. Mol Cell Neurosci 2024; 130:103949. [PMID: 38906341 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2024.103949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have increased the importance of understanding the exact binding preference of each amyloid-beta (Aβ) antibody employed, since this determines both efficacy and risk for potentially serious adverse events known as amyloid-related imaging abnormalities. Lecanemab is a humanized IgG1 antibody that was developed to target the soluble Aβ protofibril conformation. The present study prepared extracts of post mortem brain samples from AD patients and non-demented elderly controls, characterized the forms of Aβ present, and investigated their interactions with lecanemab. Brain tissue samples were homogenized and extracted using tris-buffered saline. Aβ levels and aggregation states in soluble and insoluble extracts, and in fractions prepared using size-exclusion chromatography or density gradient ultracentrifugation, were analyzed using combinations of immunoassay, immunoprecipitation (IP), and mass spectrometry. Lecanemab immunohistochemistry was also conducted in temporal cortex. The majority of temporal cortex Aβ (98 %) was in the insoluble extract. Aβ42 was the most abundant form present, particularly in AD subjects, and most soluble Aβ42 was in soluble aggregated protofibrillar structures. Aβ protofibril levels were much higher in AD subjects than in controls. Protofibrils captured by lecanemab-IP contained high levels of Aβ42 and lecanemab bound to large, medium, and small Aβ42 protofibrils in a concentration-dependent manner. Competitive IP showed that neither Aβ40 monomers nor Aβ40-enriched fibrils isolated from cerebral amyloid angiopathy reduced lecanemab's binding to Aβ42 protofibrils. Immunohistochemistry showed that lecanemab bound readily to Aβ plaques (diffuse and compact) and to intraneuronal Aβ in AD temporal cortex. Taken together, these findings indicate that while lecanemab binds to Aβ plaques, it preferentially targets soluble aggregated Aβ protofibrils. These are largely composed of Aβ42, and lecanemab binds less readily to the Aβ40-enriched fibrils found in the cerebral vasculature. This is a promising binding profile because Aβ42 protofibrils represent a key therapeutic target in AD, while a lack of binding to monomeric Aβ and cerebral amyloid deposits should reduce peripheral antibody sequestration and minimize risk for adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Söderberg
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Olof Zachrisson
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Fritz
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen Kylefjord
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Emily Button
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Patrik Nygren
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Osswald
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden; Dept. of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Möller
- BioArctic AB, Warfvinges väg 35, SE-112 51 Stockholm, Sweden
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Yin X, Zhou H, Cao T, Yang X, Meng F, Dai X, Wang Y, Li S, Zhai W, Yang Z, Chen N, Zhou R. Rational Design of Dual-Functionalized Gd@C 82 Nanoparticles to Relieve Neuronal Cytotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease via Inhibition of Aβ Aggregation. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15416-15431. [PMID: 38840269 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Particularly, the structured oligomeric species rich in β-sheet formations were implicated in neuronal organelle damage. Addressing this formidable challenge requires identifying candidates capable of inhibiting peptide aggregation or disaggregating preformed oligomers for effective antiaggregation-based AD therapy. Here, we present a dual-functional nanoinhibitor meticulously designed to target the aggregation driving force and amyloid fibril spatial structure. Leveraging the exceptional structural stability and facile tailoring capability of endohedral metallofullerene Gd@C82, we introduce desired hydrogen-binding sites and charged groups, which are abundant on its surface for specific designs. Impressively, these designs endow the resultant functionalized-Gd@C82 nanoparticles (f-Gd@C82 NPs) with high capability of redirecting peptide self-assembly toward disordered, off-pathway species, obstructing the early growth of protofibrils, and disaggregating the preformed well-ordered protofibrils or even mature Aβ fibrils. This results in considerable alleviation of Aβ peptide-induced neuronal cytotoxicity, rescuing neuronal death and synaptic loss in primary neuron models. Notably, these modifications significantly improved the dispersibility of f-Gd@C82 NPs, thus substantially enhancing its bioavailability. Moreover, f-Gd@C82 NPs demonstrate excellent cytocompatibility with various cell lines and possess the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier in mice. Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations illuminate the inhibition and disaggregation mechanisms. Our design successfully overcomes the limitations of other nanocandidates, which often overly rely on hydrophobic interactions or photothermal conversion properties, and offers a viable direction for developing anti-AD agents through the inhibition and even reversal of Aβ aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Yin
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tiantian Cao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Suzhou Institute of Trade and Commerce, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiner Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xing Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sijie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wangsong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ning Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ruhong Zhou
- Institute of Quantitative Biology, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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45
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Lu KP, Zhou XZ. Pin1-catalyzed conformational regulation after phosphorylation: A distinct checkpoint in cell signaling and drug discovery. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadi8743. [PMID: 38889227 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adi8743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most common mechanisms regulating cellular signaling pathways, and many kinases and phosphatases are proven drug targets. Upon phosphorylation, protein functions can be further regulated by the distinct isomerase Pin1 through cis-trans isomerization. Numerous protein targets and many important roles have now been elucidated for Pin1. However, no tools are available to detect or target cis and trans conformation events in cells. The development of Pin1 inhibitors and stereo- and phospho-specific antibodies has revealed that cis and trans conformations have distinct and often opposing cellular functions. Aberrant conformational changes due to the dysregulation of Pin1 can drive pathogenesis but can be effectively targeted in age-related diseases, including cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review advances in understanding the roles of Pin1 signaling in health and disease and highlight conformational regulation as a distinct signal transduction checkpoint in disease development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ping Lu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6G 2V4, Canada
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46
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Xu Y, Filice CT, Leonenko Z. Protective effect of trehalose sugar on amyloid-membrane interactions using BLM electrophysiology. Biophys J 2024; 123:1690-1704. [PMID: 38751113 PMCID: PMC11213996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia and memory loss in the elderly population. The amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is one of the main pathogenic factors in AD and is known to cause damage to neuronal cellular membranes. There is no cure currently available for AD, and new approaches, including preventive strategies, are highly desirable. In this work, we explore the possibility of protecting neuronal membranes from amyloid-induced damage with naturally existing sugar trehalose. Trehalose has been shown to protect plant cellular membranes in extreme conditions and modify Aβ misfolding. We hypothesize that trehalose can protect the neuronal membrane from amyloid toxicity. In this work, we studied the protective effect of trehalose against Aβ1-42-induced damage in model lipid membranes (DPPC/POPC/cholesterol) using atomic force microscopy and black lipid membrane electrophysiology. Our results demonstrate that Aβ1-42 damaged membranes and led to ionic current leakage across these membranes due to the formation of various defects and pores. The presence of trehalose reduced the ion current across membranes caused by Aβ1-42 peptide damage, thus efficiently protecting the membranes. These findings suggest that the trehalose sugar can potentially be useful in protecting neuronal membranes against amyloid toxicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Carina Teresa Filice
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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47
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Weaver DF. Chemists Invent Drugs and Drugs Save Lives. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400074. [PMID: 38616345 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Drug molecules are the centrepiece of modern medical therapies, providing relief from pain, combatting infections and providing a myriad of other therapeutic effects. The quest for new and improved drug molecules drives medical research, and the introduction of a new drug frequently becomes a newsworthy event capturing the attention of the press and general public. And yet, misconceptions abound. Often, the general public thinks that drug molecules are designed, created, and invented by physicians rather than chemists - a misunderstanding that is merely one aspect of a widespread general underappreciation of the role of chemistry in the health and socioeconomic well-being of humankind. Chemistry as a discipline needs to change this narrative. Our journals, conferences, societies, mass media presence and social media postings need to better inform the general public about the societal value of chemistry. Though it is an arduous and time-demanding process, chemists, both in academia and industry, invent the drugs that are advancing medical care. We chemists need to do a better job educating policy makers, politicians, opinion leaders and fundraisers about the valuable contributions of chemistry. We need to have people know what we do, and why we became chemists; we need to engage the general public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald F Weaver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3H6
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5T 0S8
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Lemche E, Killick R, Mitchell J, Caton PW, Choudhary P, Howard JK. Molecular mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes mellitus and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and qualitative meta-analysis. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106485. [PMID: 38643861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Research evidence indicating common metabolic mechanisms through which type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases risk of late-onset Alzheimer's dementia (LOAD) has accumulated over recent decades. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive review of common mechanisms, which have hitherto been discussed in separate perspectives, and to assemble and evaluate candidate loci and epigenetic modifications contributing to polygenic risk linkages between T2DM and LOAD. For the systematic review on pathophysiological mechanisms, both human and animal studies up to December 2023 are included. For the qualitative meta-analysis of genomic bases, human association studies were examined; for epigenetic mechanisms, data from human studies and animal models were accepted. Papers describing pathophysiological studies were identified in databases, and further literature gathered from cited work. For genomic and epigenomic studies, literature mining was conducted by formalised search codes using Boolean operators in search engines, and augmented by GeneRif citations in Entrez Gene, and other sources (WikiGenes, etc.). For the systematic review of pathophysiological mechanisms, 923 publications were evaluated, and 138 gene loci extracted for testing candidate risk linkages. 3 57 publications were evaluated for genomic association and descriptions of epigenomic modifications. Overall accumulated results highlight insulin signalling, inflammation and inflammasome pathways, proteolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycolysis, glycosylation, lipoprotein metabolism and oxidation, cell cycle regulation or survival, autophagic-lysosomal pathways, and energy. Documented findings suggest interplay between brain insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, insult compensatory mechanisms, and peripheral metabolic dysregulation in T2DM and LOAD linkage. The results allow for more streamlined longitudinal studies of T2DM-LOAD risk linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Lemche
- Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Richard Killick
- Section of Old Age Psychiatry, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Mitchell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences, Maurice Wohl CIinical Neurosciences Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W Caton
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Diabetes Research Group, Weston Education Centre, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jane K Howard
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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Gong L, Liu D, Zhang B, Yu S, Xi C. Sex-Specific Entorhinal Cortex Functional Connectivity in Cognitively Normal Older Adults with Amyloid-β Pathology. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04243-z. [PMID: 38867110 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype have been shown to influence the risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the impact of these factors on the functional connectivity of the entorhinal cortex (ERC) in clinically unpaired older adults (CUOA) with amyloid-β (Aβ +) pathology remains unclear. A total of 1022 cognitively normal older adults with Aβ + (603 females and 586 APOE ε4 +) from the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) study were included in this study. The 2 × 2 (gender, 2 APOE genotypes) analysis of covariance was performed to compare the demographic information, cognitive performance, and volumetric MRI data among these groups. Voxel-wise comparisons of bilateral ERC functional connectivity (FC) were conducted, and partial correlation analyses were used to explore the associations between cognitive performance and ERC-FC strength. We found that the APOE genotype influenced ERC functional connectivity mainly in the sensorimotor network (SMN). Males exhibited higher ERC-FC in the salience network (SN), while females displayed higher ERC-FC in the default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and reward network. The interplay of sex and APOE genotype on ERC-FC was observed in the SMN and cerebellar lobe. The ERC-FC was associated with executive function and memory performance in individuals with CUOA-Aβ + . Our findings provide evidence of sex-specific ERC functional connectivity compensation mechanism in cognitively normal older adults with Aβ + pathology. This study may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the early stages of AD and may help develop personalized interventions in preclinical AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610017, Sichuan, China
| | - Duan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610017, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610017, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyi Yu
- Department of Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chunhua Xi
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Huaihe Road 390, Heifei, 230061, Anhui, China.
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Kaur G, Mankoo OK, Kaur A, Goyal D, Goyal B. Insights into the baicalein-induced destabilization of LS-shaped Aβ 42 protofibrils using computer simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:16674-16686. [PMID: 38809059 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06006c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides aggregate spontaneously into various aggregating species comprising oligomers, protofibrils, and mature fibrils in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Disrupting β-sheet rich neurotoxic smaller soluble Aβ42 oligomers formed at early stages is considered a potent strategy to interfere with AD pathology. Previous experiments have demonstrated the inhibition of the early stages of Aβ aggregation by baicalein; however, the molecular mechanism behind inhibition remains largely unknown. Thus, in this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been employed to illuminate the molecular mechanism of baicalein-induced destabilization of preformed Aβ42 protofibrils. Baicalein binds to chain A of the Aβ42 protofibril through hydrogen bonds, π-π interactions, and hydrophobic contacts with the central hydrophobic core (CHC) residues of the Aβ42 protofibril. The binding of baicalein to the CHC region of the Aβ42 protofibril resulted in the elongation of the kink angle and disruption of K28-A42 salt bridges, which resulted in the distortion of the protofibril structure. Importantly, the β-sheet content was notably reduced in Aβ42 protofibrils upon incorporation of baicalein with a concomitant increase in the coil content, which is consistent with ThT fluorescence and AFM images depicting disaggregation of pre-existing Aβ42 fibrils on the incorporation of baicalein. Remarkably, the interchain binding affinity in Aβ42 protofibrils was notably reduced in the presence of baicalein leading to distortion in the overall structure, which agrees with the structural stability analyses and conformational snapshots. This work sheds light on the molecular mechanism of baicalein in disrupting the Aβ42 protofibril structure, which will be beneficial to the design of therapeutic candidates against disrupting β-sheet rich neurotoxic Aβ42 oligomers in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib-140406, Punjab, India
| | - Opinder Kaur Mankoo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib-140406, Punjab, India
| | - Anupamjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib-140406, Punjab, India
| | - Deepti Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, DAV College, Sector 10, Chandigarh-160011, India.
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala-147004, Punjab, India.
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