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Huang P, Zhu Y, Qin J. Research advances in understanding crosstalk between organs and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. [PMID: 39044309 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has increased dramatically worldwide. Being overweight or obese can lead to various conditions, including dyslipidaemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance and metabolic syndrome (MetS), which may further lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have identified a link between β-cell dysfunction and the severity of MetS, with multiple organs and tissues affected. Identifying the associations between pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and organs is critical. Research has focused on the interaction between the liver, gut and pancreatic β-cells. However, the mechanisms and related core targets are still not perfectly elucidated. The aims of this review were to summarize the mechanisms of β-cell dysfunction and to explore the potential pathogenic pathways and targets that connect the liver, gut, adipose tissue, muscle, and brain to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunling Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Dwaib H, Michel MC. Adrenoceptor Expression and Function in the Endocrine Pancreas. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38872059 DOI: 10.1007/164_2024_717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the regulation of endocrine pancreatic function, most importantly insulin release. Among the nine adrenoceptor (AR) subtypes, the α2A-AR appears to be the subtype most abundantly expressed in the human pancreas. While α2- and β-AR have opposing effects, the net response to sympathetic stimulation is inhibition of insulin secretion mediated by α2-AR located in the plasma membrane of pancreatic β cells. This inhibition may be present physiologically as evidenced by increased insulin secretion in healthy and diabetic humans and animals in response to α2-AR antagonists, a finding that was confirmed in all studies. Based on such data and on an association of an α2A-AR polymorphism, that increases receptor expression levels, with an elevated risk for diabetes, increased α2A-AR signaling in the pancreatic β cells has been proposed as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Thus, the α2A-AR was proposed as a drug target for the treatment of some forms of type 2 diabetes. Drug research and development programs leveraging this mechanism have reached the clinical stage, but none have resulted in an approved medicine due to a limited efficacy. While β-AR agonists can increase circulating insulin levels in vivo, it remains controversial whether this includes a direct effect on β cells or occurs secondary to general metabolic effects. Therefore, the regulation of endocrine pancreatic function is physiologically interesting but may be of limited therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Dwaib
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Palestine Ahliya University, Bethlehem, Palestine.
| | - Martin C Michel
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Rasmussen TK, Borghammer P, Finnerup NB, Jensen TS, Hansen J, Knudsen K, Singer W, Lamotte G, Terkelsen AJ. Functional and 123I-MIBG scintigraphy assessment of cardiac adrenergic dysfunction in diabetes. Auton Neurosci 2024; 252:103155. [PMID: 38354456 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the agreement between clinical cardiovascular adrenergic function and cardiac adrenergic innervation in type 2 diabetes patients (T2D). METHODS Thirty-three patients with T2D were investigated bimodally through (1) a standardized clinical cardiovascular adrenergic assessment, evaluating adequacy of blood pressure responses to the Valsalva maneuver and (2) 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy assessing myocardial adrenergic innervation measured as early and delayed heart heart/mediastinum (H/M) ratio, and washout rate (WR). RESULTS T2D patients had significantly lower early and delayed H/M-ratios, and lower WR, compared to laboratory specific reference values. Thirteen patients had an abnormal adrenergic composite autonomic severity score (CASS > 0). Patients with abnormal CASS scores had significantly higher early H/M ratios (1.76 [1.66-1.88] vs. 1.57 [1.49-1.63], p < 0.001), higher delayed H/M ratios (1.64 [1.51:1.73] vs. 1.51 [1.40:1.61] (p = 0.02)), and lower WR (-0.13(0.10) vs -0.05(0.07), p = 0.01). Lower Total Recovery and shorter Pressure Recovery Time responses from the Valsalva maneuver was significantly correlated to lower H/M early (r = 0.55, p = 0.001 and r = 0.5, p = 0.003, respectively) and lower WR for Total Recovery (r = -0.44, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION The present study found impairment of sympathetic innervation in T2D patients based on parameters derived from MIBG cardiac scintigraphy (low early H/M, delayed H/M, and WR). These results confirm prior studies. We found a mechanistically inverted relationship with favourable adrenergic cardiovascular responses being significantly associated unfavourable MIBG indices for H/M early and delayed. This paradoxical relationship needs to be further explored but could indicate adrenergic hypersensitivity in cardiac sympathetic denervated T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten K Rasmussen
- Danish Pain Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Per Borghammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Nanna B Finnerup
- Danish Pain Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Troels S Jensen
- Danish Pain Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - John Hansen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Karoline Knudsen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Guillaume Lamotte
- Movement Disorders and Autonomic Disorders Clinic, University of Utah, USA
| | - Astrid J Terkelsen
- Danish Pain Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
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Ren W, Chen J, Wang W, Li Q, Yin X, Zhuang G, Zhou H, Zeng W. Sympathetic nerve-enteroendocrine L cell communication modulates GLP-1 release, brain glucose utilization, and cognitive function. Neuron 2024; 112:972-990.e8. [PMID: 38242116 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is controlled by brain-gut communications. Yet our understanding of the neuron-gut interface in the glucoregulatory system remains incomplete. Here, we find that sympathetic nerves elevate postprandial blood glucose but restrict brain glucose utilization by repressing the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from enteroendocrine L cells. Sympathetic nerves are in close apposition with the L cells. Importantly, sympathetic denervation or intestinal deletion of the adrenergic receptor α2 (Adra2a) augments postprandial GLP-1 secretion, leading to reduced blood glucose levels and increased brain glucose uptake. Conversely, sympathetic activation shows the opposite effects. At the cellular level, adrenergic signaling suppresses calcium flux to limit GLP-1 secretion upon sugar ingestion. Consequently, abrogation of adrenergic signal results in a significant improvement in learning and memory ability. Together, our results reveal a sympathetic nerve-enteroendocrine unit in constraining GLP-1 secretion, thus providing a therapeutic nexus of mobilizing endogenous GLP-1 for glucose management and cognitive improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenran Ren
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Guanglei Zhuang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Wenwen Zeng
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; SXMU-Tsinghua Collaborative Innovation Center for Frontier Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China.
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Bonifazi A, Ellenberger M, Farino ZJ, Aslanoglou D, Rais R, Pereira S, Mantilla-Rivas JO, Boateng CA, Eshleman AJ, Janowsky A, Hahn MK, Schwartz GJ, Slusher BS, Newman AH, Freyberg Z. Development of novel tools for dissection of central versus peripheral dopamine D 2-like receptor signaling in dysglycemia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.21.581451. [PMID: 38529497 PMCID: PMC10962703 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.21.581451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) D2-like receptors in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery are key modulators of metabolism. Moreover, disruption of D2-like receptor signaling is implicated in dysglycemia. Yet, the respective metabolic contributions of CNS versus peripheral D2-like receptors including D2 (D2R) and D3 (D3R) receptors remain poorly understood. To address this, we developed new pharmacological tools, D2-like receptor agonists with diminished and delayed blood-brain barrier capability, to selectively manipulate D2R/D3R signaling in the periphery. We designated bromocriptine methiodide (BrMeI), a quaternary methiodide analogue of D2/3R agonist and diabetes drug bromocriptine, as our lead compound based on preservation of D2R/D3R binding and functional efficacy. We then used BrMeI and unmodified bromocriptine to dissect relative contributions of CNS versus peripheral D2R/D3R signaling in treating dysglycemia. Systemic administration of bromocriptine, with unrestricted access to CNS and peripheral targets, significantly improved both insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in obese, dysglycemic mice in vivo. In contrast, metabolic improvements were attenuated when access to bromocriptine was restricted either to the CNS through intracerebroventricular administration or delayed access to the CNS via BrMeI. Our findings demonstrate that the coordinated actions of both CNS and peripheral D2-like receptors are required for correcting dysglycemia. Ultimately, the development of a first-generation of drugs designed to selectively target the periphery provides a blueprint for dissecting mechanisms of central versus peripheral DA signaling and paves the way for novel strategies to treat dysglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bonifazi
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Ellenberger
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zachary J. Farino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Rana Rais
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sandra Pereira
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Comfort A. Boateng
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy J. Eshleman
- Research Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Departments of Behavioral Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Aaron Janowsky
- Research Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Departments of Behavioral Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Margaret K. Hahn
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary J. Schwartz
- The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Lead Contact
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Varney MJ, Benovic JL. The Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Receptor Kinases in Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Diabetes. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:267-299. [PMID: 38351071 PMCID: PMC10877731 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.001015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus has emerged as a major global health concern that has accelerated in recent years due to poor diet and lifestyle. Afflicted individuals have high blood glucose levels that stem from the inability of the pancreas to make enough insulin to meet demand. Although medication can help to maintain normal blood glucose levels in individuals with chronic disease, many of these medicines are outdated, have severe side effects, and often become less efficacious over time, necessitating the need for insulin therapy. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) regulate many physiologic processes, including blood glucose levels. In pancreatic β cells, GPCRs regulate β-cell growth, apoptosis, and insulin secretion, which are all critical in maintaining sufficient β-cell mass and insulin output to ensure euglycemia. In recent years, new insights into the signaling of incretin receptors and other GPCRs have underscored the potential of these receptors as desirable targets in the treatment of diabetes. The signaling of these receptors is modulated by GPCR kinases (GRKs) that phosphorylate agonist-activated GPCRs, marking the receptor for arrestin binding and internalization. Interestingly, genome-wide association studies using diabetic patient cohorts link the GRKs and arrestins with T2D. Moreover, recent reports show that GRKs and arrestins expressed in the β cell serve a critical role in the regulation of β-cell function, including β-cell growth and insulin secretion in both GPCR-dependent and -independent pathways. In this review, we describe recent insights into GPCR signaling and the importance of GRK function in modulating β-cell physiology. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Pancreatic β cells contain a diverse array of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that have been shown to improve β-cell function and survival, yet only a handful have been successfully targeted in the treatment of diabetes. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of β-cell GPCR pharmacology and regulation by GPCR kinases while also highlighting the necessity of investigating islet-enriched GPCRs that have largely been unexplored to unveil novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Varney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey L Benovic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Shapey IM, Summers A, Yiannoullou P, Fullwood C, Augustine T, Rutter MK, van Dellen D. Donor noradrenaline use is associated with better allograft survival in recipients of pancreas transplantation. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:19-28. [PMID: 36927080 PMCID: PMC10757882 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Outcomes following pancreas transplantation are suboptimal and better donor selection is required to improve this. Vasoactive drugs (VaD) are commonly used to correct the abnormal haemodynamics of organ donors in intensive care units. VaDs can differentially affect insulin secretion positively (dobutamine) or negatively (noradrenaline). The hypothesis was that some VaDs might induce beta-cell stress or rest and therefore impact pancreas transplant outcomes. The aim of the study was to assess relationships between VaD use and pancreas transplant graft survival. METHODS Data from the UK Transplant Registry on all pancreas transplants performed between 2004 and 2016 with complete follow-up data were included. Univariable- and multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses determined risks of graft failure associated with VaD use. RESULTS In 2,183 pancreas transplants, VaDs were used in the following numbers of donors: dobutamine 76 (3.5%), dopamine 84 (3.8%), adrenaline 161 (7.4%), noradrenaline 1,589 (72.8%) and vasopressin 1,219 (55.8%). In multivariable models, adjusted for covariates and the co-administration of other VaDs, noradrenaline use (vs non-use) was a strong predictor of better graft survival (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.77 [0.64-0.94], p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Noradrenaline use was associated with better graft survival in models adjusted for donor and recipient variables - this may be related to inhibition of pancreatic insulin secretion initiating pancreatic beta-cell 'rest'. Further research is required to replicate these findings and establish whether relationships are causal. Identification of alternative methods of inducing beta-cell rest could be valuable in improving graft outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- IM Shapey
- University of Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Summers
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - C Fullwood
- University of Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - T Augustine
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - MK Rutter
- University of Manchester, UK
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Raza A, Mohsin S, Saeed F, Ali SA, Chotani MA. Inhibiting Intracellular α 2C-Adrenoceptor Surface Translocation Using Decoy Peptides: Identification of an Essential Role of the C-Terminus in Receptor Trafficking. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17558. [PMID: 38139390 PMCID: PMC10744278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled α2-adrenoceptor subtype C (abbreviated α2C-AR) has been implicated in peripheral vascular conditions and diseases such as cold feet-hands, Raynaud's phenomenon, and scleroderma, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Microvascular α2C-adrenoceptors are expressed in specialized smooth muscle cells and mediate constriction under physiological conditions and the occlusion of blood supply involving vasospastic episodes and tissue damage under pathological conditions. A crucial step for receptor biological activity is the cell surface trafficking of intracellular receptors, triggered by cAMP-Epac-Rap1A GTPase signaling, which involves protein-protein association with the actin-binding protein filamin-2, mediated by critical amino acid residues in the last 14 amino acids of the receptor carboxyl (C)-terminus. This study assessed the role of the C-terminus in Rap1A GTPase coupled receptor trafficking by domain-swapping studies using recombinant tagged receptors in transient co-transfections and compared with wild-type receptors using immunofluorescence microscopy. We further tested the biological relevance of the α2C-AR C-terminus, when introduced as competitor peptides, to selectively inhibit intracellular α2C-AR surface translocation in transfected as well as in microvascular smooth muscle cells expressing endogenous receptors. These studies contribute to establishing proof of principle to target intracellular α2C-adrenoceptors to reduce biological activity, which in clinical conditions can be a target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Raza
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Saima Mohsin
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Fasiha Saeed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Syed Abid Ali
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal (H.E.J.) Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Maqsood A. Chotani
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.M.); (F.S.)
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Moustaki M, Paschou SA, Vakali E, Xekouki P, Ntali G, Kassi E, Peppa M, Psaltopoulou T, Tzanela M, Vryonidou A. Secondary diabetes mellitus in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. Endocrine 2023; 82:467-479. [PMID: 37731140 PMCID: PMC10618385 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Secondary diabetes mellitus (DM) in secretory pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) is encountered in up to 50% of cases, with its presentation ranging from mild, insulin resistant forms to profound insulin deficiency states, such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. PPGLs represent hypermetabolic states, in which adrenaline and noradrenaline induce insulin resistance in target tissues characterized by aerobic glycolysis, excessive lipolysis, altered adipokine expression, subclinical inflammation, as well as enhanced gluconeogenesis and glucogenolysis. These effects are mediated both directly, upon adrenergic receptor stimulation, and indirectly, via increased glucagon secretion. Impaired insulin secretion is the principal pathogenetic mechanism of secondary DM in this setting; yet, this is relevant for tumors with adrenergic phenotype, arising from direct inhibitory actions in beta pancreatic cells and incretin effect impairment. In contrast, insulin secretion might be enhanced in tumors with noradrenergic phenotype. This dimorphic effect might correspond to two distinct glycemic phenotypes, with predominant insulin resistance and insulin deficiency respectively. Secondary DM improves substantially post-surgery, with up to 80% remission rate. The fact that surgical treatment of PPGLs restores insulin sensitivity and secretion at greater extent compared to alpha and beta blockade, implies the existence of further, non-adrenergic mechanisms, possibly involving other hormonal co-secretion by these tumors. DM management in PPGLs is scarcely studied. The efficacy and safety of newer anti-diabetic medications, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), as well as potential disease-modifying roles of metformin and SGLT2is warrant further investigation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melpomeni Moustaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elena Vakali
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Xekouki
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University General Hospital of Heraklion, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgia Ntali
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Endo ERN Center, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evanthia Kassi
- Endocrine Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Melpomeni Peppa
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Center, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marinella Tzanela
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Endo ERN Center, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Andromachi Vryonidou
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Vaganova AN, Shemyakova TS, Lenskaia KV, Rodionov RN, Steenblock C, Gainetdinov RR. Trace Amine-Associated Receptors and Monoamine-Mediated Regulation of Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic Islets. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1618. [PMID: 38002300 PMCID: PMC10669413 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, metabolic syndrome treatment includes predominantly pharmacological symptom relief and complex lifestyle changes. Trace amines and their receptor systems modulate signaling pathways of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, which are involved in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is expressed in endocrine organs, and it was revealed that TAAR1 may regulate insulin secretion in pancreatic islet β-cells. For instance, accumulating data demonstrate the positive effect of TAAR1 agonists on the dynamics of metabolic syndrome progression and MetS-associated disease development. The role of other TAARs (TAAR2, TAAR5, TAAR6, TAAR8, and TAAR9) in the islet's function is much less studied. In this review, we summarize the evidence of TAARs' contribution to the metabolic syndrome pathogenesis and regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. Additionally, by the analysis of public transcriptomic data, we demonstrate that TAAR1 and other TAAR receptors are expressed in the pancreatic islets. We also explore associations between the expression of TAARs mRNA and other genes in studied samples and demonstrate the deregulation of TAARs' functional associations in patients with metabolic diseases compared to healthy donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N. Vaganova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.N.V.); (T.S.S.)
- St. Petersburg State University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Taisiia S. Shemyakova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.N.V.); (T.S.S.)
| | - Karina V. Lenskaia
- Department of Medicine, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Roman N. Rodionov
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (R.N.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Charlotte Steenblock
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (R.N.R.); (C.S.)
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.N.V.); (T.S.S.)
- St. Petersburg State University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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11
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Hartmann S, Yasmeen S, Jacobs BM, Denaxas S, Pirmohamed M, Gamazon ER, Caulfield MJ, Hemingway H, Pietzner M, Langenberg C. ADRA2A and IRX1 are putative risk genes for Raynaud's phenomenon. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6156. [PMID: 37828025 PMCID: PMC10570309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41876-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a common vasospastic disorder that causes severe pain and ulcers, but despite its high reported heritability, no causal genes have been robustly identified. We conducted a genome-wide association study including 5,147 RP cases and 439,294 controls, based on diagnoses from electronic health records, and identified three unreported genomic regions associated with the risk of RP (p < 5 × 10-8). We prioritized ADRA2A (rs7090046, odds ratio (OR) per allele: 1.26; 95%-CI: 1.20-1.31; p < 9.6 × 10-27) and IRX1 (rs12653958, OR: 1.17; 95%-CI: 1.12-1.22, p < 4.8 × 10-13) as candidate causal genes through integration of gene expression in disease relevant tissues. We further identified a likely causal detrimental effect of low fasting glucose levels on RP risk (rG = -0.21; p-value = 2.3 × 10-3), and systematically highlighted drug repurposing opportunities, like the antidepressant mirtazapine. Our results provide the first robust evidence for a strong genetic contribution to RP and highlight a so far underrated role of α2A-adrenoreceptor signalling, encoded at ADRA2A, as a possible mechanism for hypersensitivity to catecholamine-induced vasospasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Hartmann
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Summaira Yasmeen
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin M Jacobs
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Spiros Denaxas
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Harry Hemingway
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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12
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Chen Z, Liu XA, Kenny PJ. Central and peripheral actions of nicotine that influence blood glucose homeostasis and the development of diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106860. [PMID: 37482325 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has long been recognized as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), although the precise causal mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that nicotine, the primary reinforcing component in tobacco, may play a pivotal role in connecting cigarette smoking and T2D. Extensive research conducted in both humans and animals has demonstrated that nicotine can elevate blood glucose levels, disrupt glucose homeostasis, and induce insulin resistance. The review aims to elucidate the genetic variants of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors associated with diabetes risk and provide a comprehensive overview of the available data on the mechanisms through which nicotine influences blood glucose homeostasis and the development of diabetes. Here we emphasize the central and peripheral actions of nicotine on the release of glucoregulatory hormones, as well as its effects on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Notably, the central actions of nicotine within the brain, which encompass both insulin-dependent and independent mechanisms, are highlighted as potential targets for intervention strategies in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuxin Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-An Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Paul J Kenny
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
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13
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Huang SM, Xiong MY, Liu L, Mu J, Wang MW, Jia YL, Cai K, Tie L, Zhang C, Cao S, Wen X, Wang JL, Guo SC, Li Y, Qu CX, He QT, Cai BY, Xue C, Gan S, Xie Y, Cong X, Yang Z, Kong W, Li S, Li Z, Xiao P, Yang F, Yu X, Guan YF, Zhang X, Liu Z, Yang BX, Du Y, Sun JP. Single hormone or synthetic agonist induces G s/G i coupling selectivity of EP receptors via distinct binding modes and propagating paths. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216329120. [PMID: 37478163 PMCID: PMC10372679 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216329120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To accomplish concerted physiological reactions, nature has diversified functions of a single hormone at at least two primary levels: 1) Different receptors recognize the same hormone, and 2) different cellular effectors couple to the same hormone-receptor pair [R.P. Xiao, Sci STKE 2001, re15 (2001); L. Hein, J. D. Altman, B.K. Kobilka, Nature 402, 181-184 (1999); Y. Daaka, L. M. Luttrell, R. J. Lefkowitz, Nature 390, 88-91 (1997)]. Not only these questions lie in the heart of hormone actions and receptor signaling but also dissecting mechanisms underlying these questions could offer therapeutic routes for refractory diseases, such as kidney injury (KI) or X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). Here, we identified that Gs-biased signaling, but not Gi activation downstream of EP4, showed beneficial effects for both KI and NDI treatments. Notably, by solving Cryo-electron microscope (cryo-EM) structures of EP3-Gi, EP4-Gs, and EP4-Gi in complex with endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)or two synthetic agonists and comparing with PGE2-EP2-Gs structures, we found that unique primary sequences of prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP) receptors and distinct conformational states of the EP4 ligand pocket govern the Gs/Gi transducer coupling selectivity through different structural propagation paths, especially via TM6 and TM7, to generate selective cytoplasmic structural features. In particular, the orientation of the PGE2 ω-chain and two distinct pockets encompassing agonist L902688 of EP4 were differentiated by their Gs/Gi coupling ability. Further, we identified common and distinct features of cytoplasmic side of EP receptors for Gs/Gi coupling and provide a structural basis for selective and biased agonist design of EP4 with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Ming Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Meng-Yao Xiong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Jianqiang Mu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Ming-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Ying-Li Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Kui Cai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Lu Tie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Sheng Cao
- School of Medicine, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Jia-Le Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Sheng-Chao Guo
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Chang-Xiu Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Qing-Tao He
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Bo-Yang Cai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Chenyang Xue
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Shiyi Gan
- School of Medicine, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, China
| | - Yihe Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Research, Beijing100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
| | - You-Fei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian116044, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian116044, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Bao-Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
| | - Yang Du
- School of Medicine, Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing100191, China
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing100191, P. R. China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong250012, China
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14
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Li S, Yuan H, Yang K, Li Q, Xiang M. Pancreatic sympathetic innervation disturbance in type 1 diabetes. Clin Immunol 2023; 250:109319. [PMID: 37024024 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic sympathetic innervation can directly affect the function of islet. The disorder of sympathetic innervation in islets during the occurrence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been reported to be controversial with the inducing factor unclarified. Several studies have uncovered the critical role that sympathetic signals play in controlling the local immune system. The survival and operation of endocrine cells can be regulated by immune cell infiltration in islets. In the current review, we focused on the impact of sympathetic signals working on islets cell regulation, and discussed the potential factors that can induce the sympathetic innervation disorder in the islets. We also summarized the effect of interference with the islet sympathetic signals on the T1D occurrence. Overall, complete understanding of the regulatory effect of sympathetic signals on islet cells and local immune system could facilitate to design better strategies to control inflammation and protect β cells in T1D therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huimin Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Keshan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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15
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Nagao M, Asai A, Eliasson L, Oikawa S. Selectively bred rodent models for studying the etiology of type 2 diabetes: Goto-Kakizaki rats and Oikawa-Nagao mice. Endocr J 2023; 70:19-30. [PMID: 36477370 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a polygenic disease and studies to understand the etiology of the disease have required selectively bred animal models with polygenic background. In this review, we present two models; the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat and the Oikawa-Nagao Diabetes-Prone (ON-DP) and Diabetes-Resistant (ON-DR) mouse. The GK rat was developed by continuous selective breeding for glucose tolerance from the outbred Wistar rat around 50 years ago. The main cause of spontaneous hyperglycemia in this model is insulin secretion deficiency from pancreatic β-cells and mild insulin resistance in insulin target organs. A disadvantage of the GK rat is that environmental factors have not been considered in the selective breeding. Hence, the GK rat may not be suitable for elucidating predisposition to diabetes under certain environmental conditions, such as a high-fat diet. Therefore, we recently established two mouse lines with different susceptibilities to diet-induced diabetes, which are prone and resistant to the development of diabetes, designated as the ON-DP and ON-DR mouse, respectively. The two ON mouse lines were established by continuous selective breeding for inferior and superior glucose tolerance after high-fat diet feeding in hybrid mice of three inbred strains. Studies of phenotypic differences between ON-DP and ON-DR mice and their underlying molecular mechanisms will shed light on predisposing factors for the development of T2D in the modern obesogenic environment. This review summarizes the background and the phenotypic differences and similarities of GK rats and ON mice and highlights the advantages of using selectively bred rodent models in diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mototsugu Nagao
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
- Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
- Clincal Research Centre (CRC), Skåne University Hospital(SUS), Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Akira Asai
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 214 28, Sweden
- Clincal Research Centre (CRC), Skåne University Hospital(SUS), Malmö 214 28, Sweden
| | - Shinichi Oikawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
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16
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Zhao X, Zhang Y, Zuo X, Wang S, Dong X. Knockdown of Adra2a Increases Secretion of Growth Factors and Wound Healing Ability in Diabetic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5704628. [PMID: 36420091 PMCID: PMC9678456 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5704628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies showed that compared to normal adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), ASCs from type 2 diabetic (T2D) mice were less effective in treating diabetic cutaneous wounds. However, the mechanisms remain unclear. Our transcriptomic profiling comparison showed that the expression of α2A-adrenergic receptor (Adra2a) was significantly increased in ASCs from T2D mice (T2D ASCs). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the elevated Adra2a is involved in the diminished wound-healing capabilities of T2D ASCs. RNA-seq was used to compare the transcriptomic profiles of T2D and normal ASCs. The differential genes were verified by real-time RT-qPCR. Clonidine was used to active Adra2a, and lentivirus-mediated RNAi was used to knockdown Adra2a. The secretion and expression of growth factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time RT-qPCR, respectively. The cAMP and PKA activity were also detected. Wound healing abilities of various ASCs were assessed in T2D mouse excisional wound models. The results showed Adra2a agonist clonidine decreased the expression and secretion of growth factors, cAMP content, and activity of PKA in ASCs, while Adra2a knockdown T2D ASCs showed the opposite effects. Adra2a knockdown T2D ASCs also showed increased wound-healing capabilities compared to untreated T2D ASCs. Altogether, T2D increased Adra2a expression, which may subsequently decrease the expression and secretion of growth factors and eventually diminish the wound-healing capabilities of T2D ASCs. Adra2a knockdown can restore the secretion of growth factors in T2D ASCs and then accelerate the wound healing, which may provide a new possibility in the treatment of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Xinzhen Zuo
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Shubai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
| | - Xiao Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
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17
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Lednovich KR, Gough S, Brenner M, Qadri T, Layden BT. G
Protein‐Coupled Receptors in Metabolic Disease. GPCRS AS THERAPEUTIC TARGETS 2022:521-552. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119564782.ch15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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18
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Dickerson MT, Dadi PK, Zaborska KE, Nakhe AY, Schaub CM, Dobson JR, Wright NM, Lynch JC, Scott CF, Robinson LD, Jacobson DA. G i/o protein-coupled receptor inhibition of beta-cell electrical excitability and insulin secretion depends on Na +/K + ATPase activation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6461. [PMID: 36309517 PMCID: PMC9617941 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gi/o-coupled somatostatin or α2-adrenergic receptor activation stimulated β-cell NKA activity, resulting in islet Ca2+ fluctuations. Furthermore, intra-islet paracrine activation of β-cell Gi/o-GPCRs and NKAs by δ-cell somatostatin secretion slowed Ca2+ oscillations, which decreased insulin secretion. β-cell membrane potential hyperpolarization resulting from Gi/o-GPCR activation was dependent on NKA phosphorylation by Src tyrosine kinases. Whereas, β-cell NKA function was inhibited by cAMP-dependent PKA activity. These data reveal that NKA-mediated β-cell membrane potential hyperpolarization is the primary and conserved mechanism for Gi/o-GPCR control of electrical excitability, Ca2+ handling, and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Dickerson
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Prasanna K Dadi
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Karolina E Zaborska
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Arya Y Nakhe
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Charles M Schaub
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jordyn R Dobson
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nicole M Wright
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Joshua C Lynch
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Claire F Scott
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Logan D Robinson
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David A Jacobson
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Department, Vanderbilt University, 7425B MRB IV, 2213 Garland Ave., Nashville, TN, USA.
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19
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Sluga N, Križančić Bombek L, Kerčmar J, Sarikas S, Postić S, Pfabe J, Skelin Klemen M, Korošak D, Stožer A, Slak Rupnik M. Physiological levels of adrenaline fail to stop pancreatic beta cell activity at unphysiologically high glucose levels. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1013697. [PMID: 36387857 PMCID: PMC9640998 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1013697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adrenaline inhibits insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells to allow an organism to cover immediate energy needs by unlocking internal nutrient reserves. The stimulation of α2-adrenergic receptors on the plasma membrane of beta cells reduces their excitability and insulin secretion mostly through diminished cAMP production and downstream desensitization of late step(s) of exocytotic machinery to cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c). In most studies unphysiologically high adrenaline concentrations have been used to evaluate the role of adrenergic stimulation in pancreatic endocrine cells. Here we report the effect of physiological adrenaline levels on [Ca2+]c dynamics in beta cell collectives in mice pancreatic tissue slice preparation. We used confocal microscopy with a high spatial and temporal resolution to evaluate glucose-stimulated [Ca2+]c events and their sensitivity to adrenaline. We investigated glucose concentrations from 8-20 mM to assess the concentration of adrenaline that completely abolishes [Ca2+]c events. We show that 8 mM glucose stimulation of beta cell collectives is readily inhibited by the concentration of adrenaline available under physiological conditions, and that sequent stimulation with 12 mM glucose or forskolin in high nM range overrides this inhibition. Accordingly, 12 mM glucose stimulation required at least an order of magnitude higher adrenaline concentration above the physiological level to inhibit the activity. To conclude, higher glucose concentrations stimulate beta cell activity in a non-linear manner and beyond levels that could be inhibited with physiologically available plasma adrenaline concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastja Sluga
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | | | - Jasmina Kerčmar
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Srdjan Sarikas
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Postić
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Pfabe
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maša Skelin Klemen
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Dean Korošak
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andraž Stožer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marjan Slak Rupnik
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Alma Mater Europaea, European Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
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20
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The Use of Vasopressors During Deceased Donor Pancreas Procurement Decreases the Risk of Pancreas Transplant Graft Failure. Pancreas 2022; 51:747-751. [PMID: 36395398 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to identify the effect of various vasopressors on pancreas graft failure and patient survival. METHODS A retrospective analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing database was performed between 2000 and 2019. Patient and graft survival rates were analyzed up to 5 years posttransplant. RESULTS The data included 17,348 pancreas transplant recipients: 12,857 simultaneous pancreas-kidney, 1440 pancreas transplant alone, and 3051 pancreas-after-kidney transplant recipients. Use of dopamine during deceased donor procurement increased graft failure by 18% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18; P < 0.001). Absence of vasopressor caused graft failure to rise by 8% (HR, 1.08; P = 0.09). Dopamine increased the mortality rate by 37% (HR, 1.37; P < 0.001) and the absence of vasopressor increased the mortality rate by 14% (HR, 1.14; P = 0.02). Phenylephrine and norepinephrine reduced the mortality rate by 10% (HR, 0.90; P = 0.05) and 11% (HR, 0.89; P = 0.10), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The absence of vasopressor use or the use of dopamine is associated with a higher risk of both pancreas transplant graft failure and recipient mortality. The use of phenylephrine and norepinephrine reduces the risk of mortality. This information should guide deceased donor hemodynamic support management in anticipation of pancreas procurement for future transplantation.
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21
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He Y, Fu Q, Sun M, Qian Y, Liang Y, Zhang J, Gao R, Jiang H, Dai H, Liu Y, Xu X, Chen H, Xu K, Yang T. Phosphoproteome reveals molecular mechanisms of aberrant rhythm in neurotransmitter-mediated islet hormone secretion in diabetic mice. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e890. [PMID: 35758323 PMCID: PMC9235066 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) are representative neurotransmitters of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, respectively, that antagonize each other to coregulate internal body functions. This also includes the control of different kinds of hormone secretion from pancreatic islets. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, and whether innervation in islets is abnormal in diabetes mellitus also remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunofluorescence colocalization and islet perfusion were performed and the results demonstrated that ACh/NE and their receptors were highly expressed in islet and rapidly regulated different hormones secretion. Phosphorylation is considered an important posttranslational modification in islet innervation and it was identified by quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses in this study. The phosphorylated islet proteins were found involved in many biological and pathological processes, such as synaptic signalling transduction, calcium channel opening and insulin signalling pathway. Then, the kinases were predicted by motif analysis and further screened and verified by kinase-specific siRNAs in different islet cell lines (αTC1-6, Min6 and TGP52). After functional verification, Ksr2 and Pkacb were considered the key kinases of ACh and NE in insulin secretion, and Cadps, Mlxipl and Pdcd4 were the substrates of these kinases measured by immunofluorescence co-staining. Then, the decreased expression of receptors, kinases and substrates of ACh and NE were found in diabetic mice and the aberrant rhythm in insulin secretion could be improved by combined interventions on key receptors (M3 (pilocarpine) or α2a (guanfacine)) and kinases (Ksr2 or Pkacb). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal innervation was closely associated with the degree of islet dysfunction in diabetic mice and the aberrant rhythm in insulin secretion could be ameliorated significantly after intervention with key receptors and kinases in the early stage of diabetes mellitus, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for diabetes mellitus in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang He
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yucheng Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- Oxford Centre for DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Hemin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Heng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kuanfeng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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22
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Hu W, Yan G, Ding Q, Cai J, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Lei H, Zhu YZ. Update of Indoles: Promising molecules for ameliorating metabolic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112957. [PMID: 35462330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders have gradually become public health-threatening problems. The metabolic disorder is a cluster of complex metabolic abnormalities which are featured by dysfunction in glucose and lipid metabolism, and results from the increasing prevalence of visceral obesity. With the core driving factor of insulin resistance, metabolic disorder mainly includes type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), micro and macro-vascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), dyslipidemia, and the dysfunction of gut microbiota. Strategies and therapeutic attention are demanded to decrease the high risk of metabolic diseases, from lifestyle changes to drug treatment, especially herbal medicines. Indole is a parent substance of numerous bioactive compounds, and itself can be produced by tryptophan catabolism to stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and inhibit the development of obesity. In addition, in heterocycles drug discovery, the indole scaffold is primarily found in natural compounds with versatile biological activity and plays a prominent role in drug molecules synthesis. In recent decades, plenty of natural or synthesized indole deriviatives have been investigated and elucidated to exert effects on regulating glucose hemeostasis and lipd metabolism. The aim of this review is to trace and emphasize the compounds containing indole scaffold that possess immense potency on preventing metabolic disorders, particularly T2DM, obesity and NAFLD, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms, therefore facilitate a better comprehension of their druggability and application in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Guanyu Yan
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jianghong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ziming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Heping Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Karuppiah K, Nelson M, Alam MM, Selvaraj M, Sepperumal M, Ayyanar S. A new 5-bromoindolehydrazone anchored diiodosalicylaldehyde derivative as efficient fluoro and chromophore for selective and sensitive detection of tryptamine and F - ions: Applications in live cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 269:120777. [PMID: 34954479 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel indole hydrazone tagged moiety, 2-((5-bromo-1H-indol-2-yl) methylene) hydrazono) methyl)-4, 6-diiodophenol (BHDL) has been developed for the selective and sensitive detection of biogenic tryptamine and F- ions. The binding dexterity of probe BHDL towards F-/tryptamine (TryptA) has been investigated by UV-visible/fluorescence spectroscopy. In the presence of TryptA, probe exhibits strong enhancement in the emission band at 433 nm and the band at 555 nm underwent a blue shift accompanied by a decrease in intensity by the inhibition of Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) on BHDL. Excitingly, complexation with F- ions as well triggers an enhancement in a fluorescence band at 430 nm with the concomitant disappearance of the emission band at 555 nm due to the inhibition of ESIPT and deprotonation process initiated by the hydrogen bonding complex formation. Further, Density Functional Theoretical (DFT) calculations have been performed to support the mechanism functioned on the probe BHDL in the presence of TryptA/F-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnaveni Karuppiah
- Supramolecular and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Malini Nelson
- Supramolecular and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Mujahid Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Murugesan Sepperumal
- Supramolecular and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siva Ayyanar
- Supramolecular and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India.
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24
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Moullé VS. Autonomic control of pancreatic beta cells: What is known on the regulation of insulin secretion and beta-cell proliferation in rodents and humans. Peptides 2022; 148:170709. [PMID: 34896576 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Insulin secretion and pancreatic beta-cell proliferation are tightly regulated by several signals such as hormones, nutrients, and neurotransmitters. However, the autonomic control of beta cells is not fully understood. In this review, we describe mechanisms involved in insulin secretion as well as metabolic and mitogenic actions on its target tissues. Since pancreatic islets are physically connected to the brain by nerves, parasympathetic and sympathetic neurotransmitters can directly potentiate or repress insulin secretion and beta-cell proliferation. Finally, we highlight the role of the autonomic nervous system in metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
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25
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Papazoglou I, Lee JH, Cui Z, Li C, Fulgenzi G, Bahn YJ, Staniszewska-Goraczniak HM, Piñol RA, Hogue IB, Enquist LW, Krashes MJ, Rane SG. A distinct hypothalamus-to-β cell circuit modulates insulin secretion. Cell Metab 2022; 34:285-298.e7. [PMID: 35108515 PMCID: PMC8935365 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system has long been thought to regulate insulin secretion, an essential process in the maintenance of blood glucose levels. However, the anatomical and functional connections between the brain and insulin-producing pancreatic β cells remain undefined. Here, we describe a functional transneuronal circuit connecting the hypothalamus to β cells in mice. This circuit originates from a subpopulation of oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVNOXT), and it reaches the islets of the endocrine pancreas via the sympathetic autonomic branch to innervate β cells. Stimulation of PVNOXT neurons rapidly suppresses insulin secretion and causes hyperglycemia. Conversely, silencing of these neurons elevates insulin levels by dysregulating neuronal signaling and secretory pathways in β cells and induces hypoglycemia. PVNOXT neuronal activity is triggered by glucoprivation. Our findings reveal that a subset of PVNOXT neurons form functional multisynaptic circuits with β cells in mice to regulate insulin secretion, and their function is necessary for the β cell response to hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Papazoglou
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Ji-Hyeon Lee
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhenzhong Cui
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chia Li
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gianluca Fulgenzi
- Neural Development Section, MCGP, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA; Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Young Jae Bahn
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Ramón A Piñol
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ian B Hogue
- Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy, Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Lynn W Enquist
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Michael J Krashes
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sushil G Rane
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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26
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Cataldo LR, Singh T, Achanta K, Bsharat S, Prasad RB, Luan C, Renström E, Eliasson L, Artner I. MAFA and MAFB regulate exocytosis-related genes in human β-cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 234:e13761. [PMID: 34978761 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Reduced expression of exocytotic genes is associated with functional defects in insulin exocytosis contributing to impaired insulin secretion and type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. MAFA and MAFB transcription factors regulate β-cell physiology, and their gene expression is reduced in T2D β cells. We investigate if loss of MAFA and MAFB in human β cells contributes to T2D progression by regulating genes required for insulin exocytosis. METHODS Three approaches were performed: (1) RNAseq analysis with the focus on exocytosis-related genes in MafA-/- mouse islets, (2) correlational analysis between MAFA, MAFB and exocytosis-related genes in human islets and (3) MAFA and MAFB silencing in human islets and EndoC-βH1 cells followed by functional in vitro studies. RESULTS The expression of 30 exocytosis-related genes was significantly downregulated in MafA-/- mouse islets. In human islets, the expression of 29 exocytosis-related genes correlated positively with MAFA and MAFB. Eight exocytosis-related genes were downregulated in MafA-/- mouse islets and positively correlated with MAFA and MAFB in human islets. From this analysis, the expression of RAB3A, STXBP1, UNC13A, VAMP2, NAPA, NSF, STX1A and SYT7 was quantified after acute MAFA or MAFB silencing in EndoC-βH1 cells and human islets. MAFA and MAFB silencing resulted in impaired insulin secretion and reduced STX1A, SYT7 and STXBP1 (EndoC-βH1) and STX1A (human islets) mRNA expression. STX1A and STXBP1 protein expression was also impaired in islets from T2D donors which lack MAFA expression. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that STXBP1 and STX1A are important MAFA/B-regulated exocytosis genes which may contribute to insulin exocytosis defects observed in MAFA-deficient human T2D β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Rodrigo Cataldo
- Endocrine Cell Differentiation and Function Group Stem Cell Centre Lund University Lund Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Tania Singh
- Endocrine Cell Differentiation and Function Group Stem Cell Centre Lund University Lund Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
| | - Kavya Achanta
- Endocrine Cell Differentiation and Function Group Stem Cell Centre Lund University Lund Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
| | - Sara Bsharat
- Endocrine Cell Differentiation and Function Group Stem Cell Centre Lund University Lund Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
| | - Rashmi B. Prasad
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö Malmo Sweden
| | - Cheng Luan
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
| | - Erik Renström
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö Malmo Sweden
- Islet Cell Exocytosis Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Isabella Artner
- Endocrine Cell Differentiation and Function Group Stem Cell Centre Lund University Lund Sweden
- Lund University Diabetes Centre Clinical Research Center Malmo Sweden
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27
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Pan X, Tao S, Tong N. Potential Therapeutic Targeting Neurotransmitter Receptors in Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:884549. [PMID: 35669692 PMCID: PMC9163348 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.884549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are signaling molecules secreted by neurons to coordinate communication and proper function among different sections in the central neural system (CNS) by binding with different receptors. Some neurotransmitters as well as their receptors are found in pancreatic islets and are involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Neurotransmitters can act with their receptors in pancreatic islets to stimulate or inhibit the secretion of insulin (β cell), glucagon (α cell) or somatostatin (δ cell). Neurotransmitter receptors are either G-protein coupled receptors or ligand-gated channels, their effects on blood glucose are mainly decided by the number and location of them in islets. Dysfunction of neurotransmitters receptors in islets is involved in the development of β cell dysfunction and type 2 diabetes (T2D).Therapies targeting different transmitter systems have great potential in the prevention and treatment of T2D and other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shibing Tao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Ziyang First People’s Hospital, Ziyang, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Islet Transplantation, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Nanwei Tong,
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28
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Duquenne M, Folgueira C, Bourouh C, Millet M, Silva A, Clasadonte J, Imbernon M, Fernandois D, Martinez-Corral I, Kusumakshi S, Caron E, Rasika S, Deliglia E, Jouy N, Oishi A, Mazzone M, Trinquet E, Tavernier J, Kim YB, Ory S, Jockers R, Schwaninger M, Boehm U, Nogueiras R, Annicotte JS, Gasman S, Dam J, Prévot V. Leptin brain entry via a tanycytic LepR-EGFR shuttle controls lipid metabolism and pancreas function. Nat Metab 2021; 3:1071-1090. [PMID: 34341568 PMCID: PMC7611554 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00432-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic health depends on the brain's ability to control food intake and nutrient use versus storage, processes that require peripheral signals such as the adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin, to cross brain barriers and mobilize regulatory circuits. We have previously shown that hypothalamic tanycytes shuttle leptin into the brain to reach target neurons. Here, using multiple complementary models, we show that tanycytes express functional leptin receptor (LepR), respond to leptin by triggering Ca2+ waves and target protein phosphorylation, and that their transcytotic transport of leptin requires the activation of a LepR-EGFR complex by leptin and EGF sequentially. Selective deletion of LepR in tanycytes blocks leptin entry into the brain, inducing not only increased food intake and lipogenesis but also glucose intolerance through attenuated insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells, possibly via altered sympathetic nervous tone. Tanycytic LepRb-EGFR-mediated transport of leptin could thus be crucial to the pathophysiology of diabetes in addition to obesity, with therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Duquenne
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Cintia Folgueira
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cyril Bourouh
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, U1283-UMR 8199-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Marion Millet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anisia Silva
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Clasadonte
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Monica Imbernon
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Daniela Fernandois
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Ines Martinez-Corral
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Soumya Kusumakshi
- Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling, Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Emilie Caron
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - S Rasika
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Eleonora Deliglia
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Jouy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, BioImaging Center of Lille, Hospital Campus, UMS2014-US41, Lille, France
| | - Asturo Oishi
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric Trinquet
- Cisbio Bioassays, Parc Technologique Marcel Boiteux, Codolet, France
| | - Jan Tavernier
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Gent, Belgium
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stéphane Ory
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulrich Boehm
- Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling, Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jean-Sébastien Annicotte
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CNRS, U1283-UMR 8199-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Dam
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Prévot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S1172, EGID, DISTALZ, Lille, France.
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Lkhagvasuren B, Mee-Inta O, Zhao ZW, Hiramoto T, Boldbaatar D, Kuo YM. Pancreas-Brain Crosstalk. Front Neuroanat 2021; 15:691777. [PMID: 34354571 PMCID: PMC8329585 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2021.691777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural regulation of glucose homeostasis in normal and challenged conditions involves the modulation of pancreatic islet-cell function. Compromising the pancreas innervation causes islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes and islet cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. However, despite the richly innervated nature of the pancreas, islet innervation remains ill-defined. Here, we review the neuroanatomical and humoral basis of the cross-talk between the endocrine pancreas and autonomic and sensory neurons. Identifying the neurocircuitry and neurochemistry of the neuro-insular network would provide clues to neuromodulation-based approaches for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Battuvshin Lkhagvasuren
- Brain Science Institute, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Onanong Mee-Inta
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Wei Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tetsuya Hiramoto
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Fukuoka Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Damdindorj Boldbaatar
- Brain Science Institute, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan
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30
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Sholokh A, Klussmann E. Local cyclic adenosine monophosphate signalling cascades-Roles and targets in chronic kidney disease. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 232:e13641. [PMID: 33660401 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) are poorly understood and treatment options are limited, a situation underpinning the need for elucidating the causative molecular mechanisms and for identifying innovative treatment options. It is emerging that cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling occurs in defined cellular compartments within nanometre dimensions in processes whose dysregulation is associated with CKD. cAMP compartmentalization is tightly controlled by a specific set of proteins, including A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) and phosphodiesterases (PDEs). AKAPs such as AKAP18, AKAP220, AKAP-Lbc and STUB1, and PDE4 coordinate arginine-vasopressin (AVP)-induced water reabsorption by collecting duct principal cells. However, hyperactivation of the AVP system is associated with kidney damage and CKD. Podocyte injury involves aberrant AKAP signalling. cAMP signalling in immune cells can be local and slow the progression of inflammatory processes typical for CKD. A major risk factor of CKD is hypertension. cAMP directs the release of the blood pressure regulator, renin, from juxtaglomerular cells, and plays a role in Na+ reabsorption through ENaC, NKCC2 and NCC in the kidney. Mutations in the cAMP hydrolysing PDE3A that cause lowering of cAMP lead to hypertension. Another major risk factor of CKD is diabetes mellitus. AKAP18 and AKAP150 and several PDEs are involved in insulin release. Despite the increasing amount of data, an understanding of functions of compartmentalized cAMP signalling with relevance for CKD is fragmentary. Uncovering functions will improve the understanding of physiological processes and identification of disease-relevant aberrations may guide towards new therapeutic concepts for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Sholokh
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
| | - Enno Klussmann
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Helmholtz Association Berlin Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Berlin Germany
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31
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Eldeeb HM, Elgharabawy RM, Abd Elmoniem AE, Ahmed AA. Alpha-2 beta-adrenergic receptor (301-303 I/D) gene polymorphism in hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus diseases among Saudi cases in the Qassim region. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211012162. [PMID: 33900865 PMCID: PMC10454788 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211012162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are a common multifactorial disease due to genetics and environmental factors. The alpha 2B adrenergic receptor (α2B-AR) has relationship with secretion of insulin and mediates the vasoconstriction that elevate blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the association between α2B-AR gene polymorphism with HTN and T2DM in Saudi cases. 200 cases and 100 healthy controls from Saudi population were recruited from the Internal Medicine clinic, Qassim University. The patients were grouped into: 72 HTN without T2DM; 62 HTN with T2DM and 66 T2DM only. Full medical history, examination and biochemical assays were performed for all participants. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood lymphocytes of all subjects for detection of α2B-AR gene polymorphism by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results found a significant association between D carriers genotype and HTN with T2DM cases (p < 0.05) as well as with T2DM-only cases, (p < 0.05) compared to control. Regardless of HTN status, only cases with HTN and T2DM as well as those with T2DM were significantly associated with the recessive model DD versus II+ID (p < 0.05). So, D carriers genotype was significantly associated with total cases of HTN and T2DM (p < 0.05) compared to controls. Our results suggested that there is a relationship between the α2B-AR I/D gene polymorphism and the risk for T2DM with or without HTN, but no such comparable relationship is evident with HTN-only cases among Saudi population in Qassim region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Mohammad Eldeeb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rehab M. Elgharabawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Alaa E Abd Elmoniem
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology, College of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ali Ahmed
- Research Center of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Liu M, Huang Y, Xu X, Li X, Alam M, Arunagiri A, Haataja L, Ding L, Wang S, Itkin-Ansari P, Kaufman RJ, Tsai B, Qi L, Arvan P. Normal and defective pathways in biogenesis and maintenance of the insulin storage pool. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:142240. [PMID: 33463547 PMCID: PMC7810482 DOI: 10.1172/jci142240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both basal and glucose-stimulated insulin release occur primarily by insulin secretory granule exocytosis from pancreatic β cells, and both are needed to maintain normoglycemia. Loss of insulin-secreting β cells, accompanied by abnormal glucose tolerance, may involve simple exhaustion of insulin reserves (which, by immunostaining, appears as a loss of β cell identity), or β cell dedifferentiation, or β cell death. While various sensing and signaling defects can result in diminished insulin secretion, somewhat less attention has been paid to diabetes risk caused by insufficiency in the biosynthetic generation and maintenance of the total insulin granule storage pool. This Review offers an overview of insulin biosynthesis, beginning with the preproinsulin mRNA (translation and translocation into the ER), proinsulin folding and export from the ER, and delivery via the Golgi complex to secretory granules for conversion to insulin and ultimate hormone storage. All of these steps are needed for generation and maintenance of the total insulin granule pool, and defects in any of these steps may, weakly or strongly, perturb glycemic control. The foregoing considerations have obvious potential relevance to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and some forms of monogenic diabetes; conceivably, several of these concepts might also have implications for β cell failure in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yumeng Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Maroof Alam
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anoop Arunagiri
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Leena Haataja
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Randal J. Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Billy Tsai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Lin EE, Scott-Solomon E, Kuruvilla R. Peripheral Innervation in the Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis. Trends Neurosci 2020; 44:189-202. [PMID: 33229051 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Precise regulation of circulating glucose is crucial for human health and ensures a sufficient supply to the brain, which relies almost exclusively on glucose for metabolic energy. Glucose homeostasis is coordinated by hormone-secreting endocrine cells in the pancreas, as well as glucose utilization and production in peripheral metabolic tissues including the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. Glucose-regulatory tissues receive dense innervation from sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory fibers. In this review, we summarize the functions of peripheral nerves in glucose regulation and metabolism. Dynamic changes in peripheral innervation have also been observed in animal models of obesity and diabetes. Together, these studies highlight the importance of peripheral nerves as a new therapeutic target for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene E Lin
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | | | - Rejji Kuruvilla
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Boecker M, Lai AG. Could personalised risk prediction for type 2 diabetes using polygenic risk scores direct prevention, enhance diagnostics, or improve treatment? Wellcome Open Res 2020. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16251.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, the number of people globally with diabetes mellitus has more than doubled. It is estimated that by 2030, 439 million people will be suffering from the disease, 90-95% of whom will have type 2 diabetes (T2D). In 2017, 5 million deaths globally were attributable to T2D, placing it in the top 10 global causes of death. Because T2D is a result of both genetic and environmental factors, identification of individuals with high genetic risk can help direct early interventions to prevent progression to more serious complications. Genome-wide association studies have identified ~400 variants associated with T2D that can be used to calculate polygenic risk scores (PRS). Although PRSs are not currently more accurate than clinical predictors and do not yet predict risk with equal accuracy across all ethnic populations, they have several potential clinical uses. Here, we discuss potential usages of PRS for predicting T2D and for informing and optimising interventions. We also touch on possible health inequality risks of PRS and the feasibility of large-scale implementation of PRS in clinical practice. Before PRSs can be used as a therapeutic tool, it is important that further polygenic risk models are derived using non-European genome-wide association studies to ensure that risk prediction is accurate for all ethnic groups. Furthermore, it is essential that the ethical, social and legal implications of PRS are considered before their implementation in any context.
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Szpirer C. Rat models of human diseases and related phenotypes: a systematic inventory of the causative genes. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:84. [PMID: 32741357 PMCID: PMC7395987 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The laboratory rat has been used for a long time as the model of choice in several biomedical disciplines. Numerous inbred strains have been isolated, displaying a wide range of phenotypes and providing many models of human traits and diseases. Rat genome mapping and genomics was considerably developed in the last decades. The availability of these resources has stimulated numerous studies aimed at discovering causal disease genes by positional identification. Numerous rat genes have now been identified that underlie monogenic or complex diseases and remarkably, these results have been translated to the human in a significant proportion of cases, leading to the identification of novel human disease susceptibility genes, helping in studying the mechanisms underlying the pathological abnormalities and also suggesting new therapeutic approaches. In addition, reverse genetic tools have been developed. Several genome-editing methods were introduced to generate targeted mutations in genes the function of which could be clarified in this manner [generally these are knockout mutations]. Furthermore, even when the human gene causing a disease had been identified without resorting to a rat model, mutated rat strains (in particular KO strains) were created to analyze the gene function and the disease pathogenesis. Today, over 350 rat genes have been identified as underlying diseases or playing a key role in critical biological processes that are altered in diseases, thereby providing a rich resource of disease models. This article is an update of the progress made in this research and provides the reader with an inventory of these disease genes, a significant number of which have similar effects in rat and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Szpirer
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-6041, Gosselies, Belgium.
- , Waterloo, Belgium.
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Petrák O, Klímová J, Mráz M, Haluzíková D, Doležalová RP, Kratochvílová H, Lacinová Z, Novák K, Michalský D, Waldauf P, Holaj R, Widimský J, Zelinka T, Haluzík M. Pheochromocytoma With Adrenergic Biochemical Phenotype Shows Decreased GLP-1 Secretion and Impaired Glucose Tolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5813460. [PMID: 32222768 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Impaired glucose homeostasis is a common finding in pheochromocytoma (PHEO), especially with adrenergic phenotype. The possible contribution of incretin dysfunction to dysglycemia in PHEO patients has not been studied. OBJECTIVE To compare changes in pancreatic endocrine function and gut hormones' production during a liquid meal test before and 1 year after adrenalectomy. METHODS In a prospective study, we included 18 patients with PHEO (13 females) with adrenergic biochemical phenotype. A liquid meal test with predefined isocaloric enteral nutrition was performed to evaluate dynamic changes in pancreatic hormones and incretins. RESULTS During the meal test, insulin levels were significantly lower before adrenalectomy only in the early phase of insulin secretion, but changes in area under the curve (AUC) did not reach statistical significance (AUC = 0.07). Plasma glucagon (AUC < 0.01) and pancreatic polypeptide levels (AUC < 0.01) were suppressed in comparison with the postoperative state. Impaired response to the meal was found preoperatively for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1; AUC P < 0.05), but not glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypepide (GIP; AUC P = 0.21). No significant changes in insulin resistance indices were found, except for the homeostatic model assessment-beta index, an indicator of the function of islet β cells, which negatively correlated with plasma metanephrine (R = -0.66, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows suppression of pancreatic α and β cell function and impaired GLP-1 secretion during a dynamic meal test in patients with PHEO, which is improved after its surgical treatment. These data demonstrate a novel and potentially significant interconnection between excessive catecholamine production and the secretion of glucoregulatory hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Petrák
- Center of Hypertension, Third Department of Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Judita Klímová
- Center of Hypertension, Third Department of Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Mráz
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Haluzíková
- Institute of Sport Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Petráková Doležalová
- Institute of Sport Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Kratochvílová
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Lacinová
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Květoslav Novák
- Department of Urology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Michalský
- First Department of Surgery, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Waldauf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Holaj
- Center of Hypertension, Third Department of Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Widimský
- Center of Hypertension, Third Department of Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Zelinka
- Center of Hypertension, Third Department of Medicine, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Haluzík
- Center for Experimental Medicine and Diabetes Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Lehner Z, Stadlbauer K, Brunmair B, Adorjan I, Genov M, Kautzky‐Willer A, Scherer T, Scheinin M, Bauer L, Fürnsinn C. Evidence that the multiflorine-derived substituted quinazolidine 55P0251 augments insulin secretion and lowers blood glucose via antagonism at α 2 -adrenoceptors in mice. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:290-302. [PMID: 31608542 PMCID: PMC7065191 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the mechanism of action of 55P0251, a novel multiflorine-derived substituted quinazolidine that augments insulin release and lowers blood glucose in rodents, but does not act via mechanisms addressed by any antidiabetic agent in clinical use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using male mice, we determined the effects of 55P0251 on glucose tolerance, insulin secretion from isolated islets and blood oxygen saturation, including head-to-head comparison of 55P0251 to its inverted enantiomer 55P0250, as well as to other anti-hyperglycaemic multiflorine derivatives discovered in our programme. RESULTS 55P0251 was clearly superior to its inverted enantiomer in the glucose tolerance test (area under the curve: 11.3 mg/kg 55P0251, 1.19 ± 0.04 min*mol/L vs 55P0250, 1.80 ± 0.04 min*mol/L; P < .0001). For insulin release in vitro, this superiority became visible only under concomitant adrenergic background stimulation (glucose-stimulated insulin release, fmol*islet-1 *30 min-1 : without α2 -adrenoceptor agonist: 500 μmol/L 55P0251, 390 ± 34, vs 55P0250, 459 ± 40, nonsignificant; with α2 -adrenoceptor agonist: 250 μmol/L 55P0251, 138 ± 9, vs 55P0250, 21 ± 6; P < .0001). Since receptor binding assays suggested antagonism at α2A -adrenoceptors as a potential mechanism of action, we measured oxygen saturation in capillary blood from the tail as a surrogate of vasoconstriction, which supported α2 -antagonistic action in vivo (90 mg/kg 55P0251, 83 ± 3%, vs 55P0250, 57 ± 3%; P < .0001). Lack of association between glucose-lowering activities and α2A -adrenoceptor binding affinity arising from comparison of multiflorine derivatives was attributed to differences in their pharmacokinetic properties. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that 55P0251 and related multiflorine derivatives are to be categorized as α2 -adrenoceptor antagonists with potential to lower blood glucose by blocking α2A -adrenoceptors on pancreatic β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Lehner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Karin Stadlbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Barbara Brunmair
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Alexandra Kautzky‐Willer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Scherer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Mika Scheinin
- Institute of BiomedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | | | - Clemens Fürnsinn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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Gnanamani E, Yan X, Zare RN. Chemoselective N‐Alkylation of Indoles in Aqueous Microdroplets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3069-3072. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elumalai Gnanamani
- Department of ChemistryStanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
- Department of ChemistryFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of ChemistryStanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
- Department of ChemistryTexas A&M University 580 Ross Street College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department of ChemistryStanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
- Department of ChemistryFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
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Murabayashi M, Daimon M, Murakami H, Fujita T, Sato E, Tanabe J, Matsuhashi Y, Takayasu S, Yanagimachi M, Terui K, Kageyama K, Tokuda I, Sawada K, Ihara K. Association between higher urinary normetanephrine and insulin resistance in a Japanese population. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228787. [PMID: 32053635 PMCID: PMC7018048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Since activation of the sympathetic nervous system is associated with both impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance, or namely with diabetes, evaluation of such activation in ordinary clinical settings may be important. Therefore, we evaluated the relationships between urinary concentrations of the catecholamine metabolites, urinary normetanephrine (U-NM) and urinary metanephrine (U-M), and glucose metabolism in a general population. From 1,148 participants in the 2016 population-based Iwaki study of Japanese, enrolled were 733 individuals (gender (M/F): 320/413; age: 52.1±15.1), who were not on medication affecting serum catecholamines, not diabetic, and had complete data-set and blood glucose levels appropriate for the evaluation of insulin secretion and resistance, using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-β and HOMA-R, respectively). Univariate linear regression analyses revealed significant correlations between both U-NM and U-M, and HOMA-β, but adjustment for multiple factors correlated with HOMA indices abolished these (β = -0.031, p = 0.499, and β = -0.055, p = 0.135, respectively). However, the correlation between U-NM and HOMA-R observed using univariate linear regression analysis (β = 0.132, p<0.001) remained significant even after these adjustments (β = 0.107, p = 0.007), whereas U-M did not correlate with HOMA-R. Furthermore, use of the optimal cut-off value of U-NM for the prediction of insulin resistance (HOMA-R >1.6) determined by ROC analysis (0.2577 mg/gCr) showed that individuals at risk had an odds ratio of 2.65 (confidence interval: 1.42–4.97) after adjustment for the same factors used above. Higher U-NM concentrations within the physiologic range are a significant risk factor for increased insulin resistance in a general Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Murabayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Makoto Daimon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hiroshi Murakami
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujita
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Eri Sato
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Jutaro Tanabe
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsuhashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shinobu Takayasu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanagimachi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Ken Terui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kageyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Itoyo Tokuda
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kaori Sawada
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
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Prevalence and progression of carbohydrate disorders in patients with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma: retrospective single-center study. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2020; 81:3-10. [PMID: 32067697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbohydrate disorders are the most frequent metabolic disorders, affecting a significant proportion of patients with pheochromocytoma. OBJECTIVE A retrospective study assessed the prevalence and progression of carbohydrate disorders in 204 patients (92 men, 112 women) with histologically proven pheochromocytoma diagnosed in a single specialized tertiary center during a 40-year period (1978-2017). One hundred were followed-up after tumor removal. RESULTS Carbohydrate disorders were diagnosed in 49.5% of cases: 30.4% with diabetes and, 19.1% prediabetes. Subjects with carbohydrate disorders had significantly greater age at diagnosis and higher 24-hour urine metanephrine and normetanephrine concentrations than those with normal glucose tolerance. One-third of patients with diabetes achieved good glycemic control under oral treatment (54% on metformin monotherapy). One-third of patients overall required preoperative insulin treatment. Postoperative follow-up (100 patients; 5-year mean duration) showed reduced prevalence of diabetes (13% vs. 33%; P=0.0007) and prediabetes (12% vs. 24%; P=0.027). Almost 60% of subjects initially diagnosed with carbohydrate disorders recovered normal glucose tolerance after surgery; these subjects had significantly higher preoperative urine metanephrine/normetanephrine levels than those with persistent diabetes/prediabetes. Correlation analysis revealed a moderate negative relationship between urine metanephrine/normetanephrine concentration and the outcome of the carbohydrate disorders (Spearmen's Rho=-0.507; P=0.013). There was no significant difference according to pre- or postoperative prevalence of obesity (15% vs. 16%; P=0.845) or dyslipidemia (46% vs. 39%; P=0.316). CONCLUSIONS Carbohydrate disorders affect approximately 50% of pheochromocytoma patients; 30% develop overt diabetes, which may be the only clinical manifestation in some rare cases. Pheochromocytoma-related diabetes is more likely to affect patients with predominant adrenaline secretion. It is often easy to control and usually requires oral antidiabetic treatment. Reversibility of carbohydrate disorders depend on severity, preoperative metanephrine level, age and weight.
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In pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetes patients, the dampened circadian oscillators lead to reduced insulin and glucagon exocytosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:2484-2495. [PMID: 31964806 PMCID: PMC7007532 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916539117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks operative in pancreatic islets participate in the regulation of insulin secretion in humans and, if compromised, in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rodents. Here we demonstrate that human islet α- and β-cells that bear attenuated clocks exhibit strongly disrupted insulin and glucagon granule docking and exocytosis. To examine whether compromised clocks play a role in the pathogenesis of T2D in humans, we quantified parameters of molecular clocks operative in human T2D islets at population, single islet, and single islet cell levels. Strikingly, our experiments reveal that islets from T2D patients contain clocks with diminished circadian amplitudes and reduced in vitro synchronization capacity compared to their nondiabetic counterparts. Moreover, our data suggest that islet clocks orchestrate temporal profiles of insulin and glucagon secretion in a physiological context. This regulation was disrupted in T2D subjects, implying a role for the islet cell-autonomous clocks in T2D progression. Finally, Nobiletin, an agonist of the core-clock proteins RORα/γ, boosted both circadian amplitude of T2D islet clocks and insulin secretion by these islets. Our study emphasizes a link between the circadian clockwork and T2D and proposes that clock modulators hold promise as putative therapeutic agents for this frequent disorder.
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Gnanamani E, Yan X, Zare RN. Chemoselective N‐Alkylation of Indoles in Aqueous Microdroplets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elumalai Gnanamani
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 580 Ross Street College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department of Chemistry Stanford University 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
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Nagao M, Esguerra JLS, Wendt A, Asai A, Sugihara H, Oikawa S, Eliasson L. Selectively Bred Diabetes Models: GK Rats, NSY Mice, and ON Mice. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2128:25-54. [PMID: 32180184 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0385-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The polygenic background of selectively bred diabetes models mimics the etiology of type 2 diabetes. So far, three different rodent models (Goto-Kakizaki rats, Nagoya-Shibata-Yasuda mice, and Oikawa-Nagao mice) have been established in the diabetes research field by continuous selective breeding for glucose tolerance from outbred rodent stocks. The origin of hyperglycemia in these rodents is mainly insulin secretion deficiency from the pancreatic β-cells and mild insulin resistance in insulin target organs. In this chapter, we summarize backgrounds and phenotypes of these rodent models to highlight their importance in diabetes research. Then, we introduce experimental methodologies to evaluate β-cell exocytosis as a putative common defect observed in these rodent models.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Exocytosis
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Glucose Intolerance
- Insulin Resistance/physiology
- Insulin Secretion/physiology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/chemistry
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/cytology
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Patch-Clamp Techniques/methods
- Phenotype
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Selective Breeding/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Mototsugu Nagao
- Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
- Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Jonathan Lou S Esguerra
- Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna Wendt
- Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden
| | - Akira Asai
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Food and Health Science Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sugihara
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oikawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Diabetes and Lifestyle-related Disease Center, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Fukujuji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Islet Cell Exocytosis, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
- Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden.
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Zhao L, Liu S, Wang M, Zhi M, Geng X, Hou C, Wang W, Zhao D. Berberine restored nitrergic and adrenergic function in mesenteric and iliac arteries from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 244:112140. [PMID: 31400506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Perivascular neuropathy was reported to involve in the vascular disorders associated with diabetes. The dried rhizomes of Coptis chinensis Franch. (Latin name: Coptidis Rhizoma; common name: Huang Lian in China), used frequently in Traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetes (Xiaoke), have been confirmed to possess beneficial effects on diabetic peripheral neuropathy by modern clinical and pharmacological studies. Berberine (BBR), the main effective component of Huang Lian in the treatment of diabetes, is reported to ameliorate diabetic central and peripheral neuropathy. However, the effects of BBR on nerve function of mesenteric and iliac arteries are unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects of BBR on the diabetes-induced changes in nitrergic and adrenergic function in mesenteric and iliac arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the animals were randomized into three groups: control rats, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats gavaged with BBR. We established diabetic rat model using intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg kg-1). Two weeks after model establishment, those in the BBR-treated groups were gavaged with berberine chloride (Sichuan Xieli Fharmaceutical. Co., Ltd; 200 mg·kg-1·day-1) diluted in distilled water for another 2 weeks. The superior mesenteric artery and iliac artery were excised. Electric field stimulation (EFS) was used to induce arterial vasoconstriction and explore (1) the diabetes-induced changes in neurogenic function of the superior mesenteric artery and iliac artery; (2) the effects of BBR on neurovascular dysfunction in the early stage of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Nitric oxide (NO) and noradrenaline (NA) released from the nitrergic and adrenergic nerves were quantified using fluorescence assays and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS EFS induced frequency-dependent vasoconstrictions in both superior mesenteric and iliac artery, and the contractile responses of arteries were abolished by 0.1 μmol·L-1 tetrodotoxin (TTX), or inhibited by 1 μmol·L-1 phentolamine or increased by 0.1 mmol·L-1 Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME). In superior mesenteric artery, but not in iliac artery, the changes of contractile responses with L-NAME were significantly decreased in diabetic rats, and NO release was less also. In contrast, in iliac artery of diabetic rats, but not in superior mesenteric artery, the changes of contractile responses with phentolamine were increased, and NA release was increased significantly. All these changes in diabetic rats on both superior mesenteric artery and iliac artery were reversed by treated with BBR. CONCLUSIONS In the STZ-induced early diabetic rats, neural control of mesenteric and iliac vasomotor tone are altered differently. The diminished nitrergic nerve in superior mesenteric artery and enhanced adrenergic nerve in iliac artery both contributed to increased vasocontrictor responses. All these changes in diabetic rats were reversed by BBR, suggesting a novel mechanism of BBR in balance of neural regulation of vascular tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Man Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Minghua Zhi
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Xufang Geng
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Congcong Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Ding Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China.
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Dwivedi OP, Lehtovirta M, Hastoy B, Chandra V, Krentz NAJ, Kleiner S, Jain D, Richard AM, Abaitua F, Beer NL, Grotz A, Prasad RB, Hansson O, Ahlqvist E, Krus U, Artner I, Suoranta A, Gomez D, Baras A, Champon B, Payne AJ, Moralli D, Thomsen SK, Kramer P, Spiliotis I, Ramracheya R, Chabosseau P, Theodoulou A, Cheung R, van de Bunt M, Flannick J, Trombetta M, Bonora E, Wolheim CB, Sarelin L, Bonadonna RC, Rorsman P, Davies B, Brosnan J, McCarthy MI, Otonkoski T, Lagerstedt JO, Rutter GA, Gromada J, Gloyn AL, Tuomi T, Groop L. Loss of ZnT8 function protects against diabetes by enhanced insulin secretion. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1596-1606. [PMID: 31676859 PMCID: PMC6858874 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A rare loss-of-function allele p.Arg138* in SLC30A8 encoding the zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), which is enriched in Western Finland, protects against type 2 diabetes (T2D). We recruited relatives of the identified carriers and showed that protection was associated with better insulin secretion due to enhanced glucose responsiveness and proinsulin conversion, particularly when compared with individuals matched for the genotype of a common T2D-risk allele in SLC30A8, p.Arg325. In genome-edited human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived β-like cells, we establish that the p.Arg138* allele results in reduced SLC30A8 expression due to haploinsufficiency. In human β cells, loss of SLC30A8 leads to increased glucose responsiveness and reduced KATP channel function similar to isolated islets from carriers of the T2D-protective allele p.Trp325. These data position ZnT8 as an appealing target for treatment aimed at maintaining insulin secretion capacity in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Dwivedi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Lehtovirta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Benoit Hastoy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicole A J Krentz
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Deepak Jain
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Fernando Abaitua
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola L Beer
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antje Grotz
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Hansson
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Krus
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabella Artner
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anu Suoranta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Benoite Champon
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anthony J Payne
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniela Moralli
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Soren K Thomsen
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philipp Kramer
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ioannis Spiliotis
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reshma Ramracheya
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andria Theodoulou
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Cheung
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | - Martijn van de Bunt
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jason Flannick
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maddalena Trombetta
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enzo Bonora
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Claes B Wolheim
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma School of Medicine and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jens O Lagerstedt
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith, Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Groop
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
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Jacobson DA, Shyng SL. Ion Channels of the Islets in Type 2 Diabetes. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:1326-1346. [PMID: 31473158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ is an essential signal for pancreatic β-cell function. Ca2+ plays critical roles in numerous β-cell pathways such as insulin secretion, transcription, metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum function, and the stress response. Therefore, β-cell Ca2+ handling is tightly controlled. At the plasma membrane, Ca2+ entry primarily occurs through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel activity is dependent on orchestrated fluctuations in the plasma membrane potential or voltage, which are mediated via the activity of many ion channels. During the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes the β-cell is exposed to stressful conditions, which result in alterations of Ca2+ handling. Some of the changes in β-cell Ca2+ handling that occur under stress result from perturbations in ion channel activity, expression or localization. Defective Ca2+ signaling in the diabetic β-cell alters function, limits insulin secretion and exacerbates hyperglycemia. In this review, we focus on the β-cell ion channels that control Ca2+ handling and how they impact β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 7415 MRB4 (Langford), 2213 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Show-Ling Shyng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, L224, MRB 624, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Kao HK, Lin XJ, Hong BC, Yang VW, Lee GH. Enantioselective Synthesis of Yohimbine Analogues by an Organocatalytic and Pot-Economic Strategy. J Org Chem 2019; 84:12138-12147. [PMID: 31291725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and one-pot method has been developed for the enantioselective synthesis of pentacyclic indole derivatives with the yohimbane skeleton via a sequence of asymmetric Michael-Michael-Mannich-reduction-amidation-Bischler-Napieralski-reduction reactions with a high diastereoselectivity and high enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee). The seven-step reaction sequence, which generates five bonds and five stereocenters, can be conducted with a pot-economic synthetic strategy and one-pot operation in good yields. The structure and absolute stereochemistry of two products were confirmed by X-ray crystallography analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Kai Kao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , National Chung Cheng University , Chia-Yi 621 , Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Xin-Jie Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , National Chung Cheng University , Chia-Yi 621 , Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , National Chung Cheng University , Chia-Yi 621 , Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Van-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , National Chung Cheng University , Chia-Yi 621 , Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center , National Taiwan University , Taipei 106 , Taiwan, R.O.C
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Lorza-Gil E, Gerst F, Oquendo MB, Deschl U, Häring HU, Beilmann M, Ullrich S. Glucose, adrenaline and palmitate antagonistically regulate insulin and glucagon secretion in human pseudoislets. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10261. [PMID: 31311971 PMCID: PMC6635387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated human islets do not always meet the quality standards required for transplant survival and reliable functional in vitro studies. The formation of pseudoislets, i.e. the reaggregation of a defined number of islet cells after dissociation, improves insulin secretion. We present a simple method of pseudoislet formation from human islet cells and assess the transcriptome and function of isolated human islets and pseudoislets from the same organ donors. Following pseudoislet formation, insulin content/DNA and mRNA/RPS13 resembled that of islets. In pseudoislets, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was significantly higher (8–13-fold) than in islets (2–4-fold). GSIS of pseudoislets was partly inhibited by the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist exendin-9. The stimulatory effects of palmitate and forskolin at 12 mM glucose were also significantly higher in pseudoislets than in islets. Further analysis of pseudoislets revealed that regulation of secretion and insulin and glucagon content was maintained over a longer culture period (6–14 d). While adrenaline inhibited GSIS, adrenaline together with palmitate stimulated glucagon secretion 2-fold at low glucose, an effect suppressed by high glucose. Transcriptome analysis revealed that, unlike islets, pseudoislets were deprived of exocrine and endothelial cells. In conclusion, pseudoislet formation restores functional integrity of human islet cells and allows long-term in vitro testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Lorza-Gil
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tübingen (IDM), Tübingen, Germany.,University Hospital Tübingen, Internal Medicine IV, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Medicine, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felicia Gerst
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tübingen (IDM), Tübingen, Germany.,University Hospital Tübingen, Internal Medicine IV, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Medicine, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Morgana Barroso Oquendo
- University Hospital Tübingen, Internal Medicine IV, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Medicine, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Deschl
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Nonclinical Drug Safety, Biberach, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tübingen (IDM), Tübingen, Germany.,University Hospital Tübingen, Internal Medicine IV, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Medicine, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mario Beilmann
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Nonclinical Drug Safety, Biberach, Germany
| | - Susanne Ullrich
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany. .,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tübingen (IDM), Tübingen, Germany. .,University Hospital Tübingen, Internal Medicine IV, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Vascular Medicine, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, Tübingen, Germany.
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49
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Young BE, Holwerda SW, Vranish JR, Keller DM, Fadel PJ. Sympathetic Transduction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Hypertension 2019; 74:201-207. [PMID: 31188673 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 60% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) develop hypertension. Recent work also indicates greater blood pressure (BP) excursions throughout the day in T2D. Collectively, these findings suggest altered BP control in T2D. Although muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) recordings in T2D have provided equivocal results, quantification of MSNA alone does not account for ensuing vasoconstriction and BP responses elicited by MSNA. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that patients with T2D exhibit enhanced sympathetic transduction to BP. MSNA (microneurography) and beat-to-beat BP (Finometer) were measured at rest in 21 T2D and 13 age-matched and body mass index-matched control subjects and, signal-averaging was performed to quantify the mean arterial pressure and total vascular conductance responses to spontaneous bursts of MSNA. The peak mean arterial pressure and total vascular conductance responses to spontaneous MSNA were similar between T2D and control (both P>0.05). However, further analysis, separating T2D into those taking statins (n=13, T2D +statin) and not taking statins (n=8, T2D -statin), indicated that T2D -statin patients (4.2±0.6 mm Hg) exhibited greater peak mean arterial pressure responses compared with both T2D +statin patients (2.5±0.3 mm Hg, P=0.01) and control (control: 2.8±0.3 mm Hg, P=0.02). Likewise, nadir total vascular conductance responses to spontaneous MSNA bursts were greater in T2D -statin patients (T2D -statin: -3.3±0.6 mL/(min·mm Hg), T2D +statin: -1.6±0.3 mL/(min·mm Hg), P=0.03; control -2.2±0.3 mL/(min·mm Hg), P=0.08). Notably, T2D +statin patients exhibited similar peak mean arterial pressure and total vascular conductance responses to MSNA compared with control. Collectively, these findings demonstrate, for the first time, that patients with T2D exhibit augmented sympathetic transduction and this effect seems to be offset by statin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Young
- From the Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington (B.E.Y., D.M.K., P.J.F.)
| | - Seth W Holwerda
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa (S.W.H.)
| | - Jennifer R Vranish
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Health Science, Alma College, MI (J.R.V.)
| | - David M Keller
- From the Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington (B.E.Y., D.M.K., P.J.F.)
| | - Paul J Fadel
- From the Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington (B.E.Y., D.M.K., P.J.F.)
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Gerst F, Wagner R, Oquendo MB, Siegel-Axel D, Fritsche A, Heni M, Staiger H, Häring HU, Ullrich S. What role do fat cells play in pancreatic tissue? Mol Metab 2019; 25:1-10. [PMID: 31113756 PMCID: PMC6600604 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is now generally accepted that obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Hepatic steatosis in particular, as well as visceral and ectopic fat accumulation within tissues, is associated with the development of the disease. We recently presented the first study on isolated human pancreatic adipocytes and their interaction with islets [Gerst, F., Wagner, R., Kaiser, G., Panse, M., Heni, M., Machann, J., et al., 2017. Metabolic crosstalk between fatty pancreas and fatty liver: effects on local inflammation and insulin secretion. Diabetologia 60(11):2240–2251.]. The results indicate that the function of adipocytes depends on the overall metabolic status in humans which, in turn, differentially affects islet hormone release. Scope of Review This review summarizes former and recent studies on factors derived from adipocytes and their effects on insulin-secreting β-cells, with particular emphasis on the human pancreas. The adipocyte secretome is discussed with a special focus on its influence on insulin secretion, β-cell survival and apoptotic β-cell death. Major Conclusions Human pancreatic adipocytes store lipids and release adipokines, metabolites, and pro-inflammatory molecules in response to the overall metabolic, humoral, and neuronal status. The differentially regulated adipocyte secretome impacts on endocrine function, i.e., insulin secretion, β-cell survival and death which interferes with glycemic control. This review attempts to explain why the extent of pancreatic steatosis is associated with reduced insulin secretion in some studies but not in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Gerst
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Wagner
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Morgana Barroso Oquendo
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Siegel-Axel
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Heni
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Staiger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Nephrology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Ullrich
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases, Helmholtz Center Munich, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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