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Lodovica LMF, Francesca M, Paolo P, Gabriele T, Anselmo C, Caleb D, Cristina D, Irene M, Alessandro P. The effects of different levels of sports activity on health-related quality of life and lifestyle habits in high school Italian students. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:4041-4048. [PMID: 38955848 PMCID: PMC11322414 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is an important predictor of physical and mental health preventing chronic degenerative diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate in a group of Italian high school students whether health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and lifestyle habits (diet) are associated with the level of physical activity performed (low, moderate, high). Data were collected from 2819 adolescents (n = 951 males). HRQoL was analyzed using the Italian version of the KIDSCREEN-52. Physical activity level was analyzed using the PAQ-A, while eating habits with KIDMED. Practicing physical activity in general improves HRQoL. Specifically, adolescents practicing moderate or high PA, in single dimensions of HRQoL, showed better mood (p < 0.001), self-perception (p < 0.001), family relationships (p < 0.001), reported a higher perception of socioeconomic status (p < 0.05), relationship with peers (p < 0.001), and social acceptance (p < 0.001). High PA subjects reported increased physical (p < 0.001) and mental health (p < 0.001), increased autonomy (p < 0.001), and school learning (p < 0.001). For lifestyle habits, practicing moderate PA showed higher adherence tox the Mediterranean diet (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results highlighted a positive association between the frequency of PA levels, some dimensions of HRQoL, and risk behaviors. These findings demonstrated the protective role of sports not only as a preventive strategy for the onset of chronic degenerative diseases, but also as an educator of healthy lifestyle habits, thus suggesting the importance and need to implement strategies to promote sports practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Piaggi Paolo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Casu Anselmo
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Devine Caleb
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Doveri Cristina
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marinaro Irene
- Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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2
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Alrushud AS. A cross-sectional study of musculoskeletal injuries related to exercise among gym members in Saudi Arabia in 2022: prevalence, common types, and predictor factors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:621. [PMID: 39095750 PMCID: PMC11297712 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of enhancing exercise, exercising can cause injuries that lead to disability and increase the load on the medical sector. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of exercise-related injuries among gym members in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and evaluate the more common types of such injuries. It also investigated the association between injury prevalence and the factors selected. METHODS A cross-sectional study with a self-reported survey was conducted targeting members of Fitness Time gyms across the KSA. The survey consisted of three parts: part one concerns participant demographic data and part two contains four questions regarding the participants' training experience. Part three contains ten questions targeting those with a history of injury. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Crosstabs and chi-squared tests were used to assess the prevalence of exercise-related injuries when appropriate. Binary logistic regression was employed to investigate the association between injury prevalence and the potential associated factors. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated and the threshold for statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS A total of 713 subjects participated in the study. The mean age was 36.5 ± 11.2 years and (n = 422, 59.2%) of the participants were female. The study found a prevalence of injury among gym members of about (n = 404, ~57%). The most commonly reported types of injuries were muscle strain (n = 126, 37%) and bruising (n = 45, 13%). The most prevalent anatomical location of injury was the knee (n = 287, 84.3%), followed by the shoulder (n = 283, 83.3%), and the least common was the head/neck (n = 7, 2.1%). The present study suggests some factors associated with exercise-related injury. A significant statistical association (p < 0.5) was found between injury prevalence and age, gender, educational level, period of training, and presence of a trainer. However, no association was detected between injury prevalence and Body Mass Index (BMI), place of residence, or source of advice. CONCLUSION Over half of the participants of this study reported at least one exercise-related injury. This study identifies factors associated with injury prevalence related to exercise among gym participants. Promoting safety and minimizing the incidence of injuries are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Saad Alrushud
- Health Rehabilitation Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Masini A, Rossi C, Dallolio L, Mascherini G. A cross-sectional analysis between physical activity levels, weight status and empathy-related behaviors in a sample of Tuscany primary school children. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:835-840. [PMID: 38842376 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.24.15915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and the development of relational empathy skills in children, taking into account weight status. METHODS Parents/guardians of primary school children were involved in filling out a questionnaire: the Empathy Questionnaire (EmQue-I13) and children were asked to complete the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) to investigate the self-reported PA levels. The weight status was assessed using a self-reported Body Mass Index (BMI). RESULTS Three hundred seventy parents or guardians of students who attended primary school (8.53±1.61 yrs) were recruited. The total score was 2.41±0.89 for PAQ-C and 41.17±6.32 for EmQue-I13. The three domains of EmQue-I13 were: contagion (8.16±2.67), attention to others' feelings (19.40±2.99) and prosocial actions (13.62±3.01). Linear regression models showed that a higher PAQ-C score was positively associated with empathy-related total score P<0.000. Weight status, age and gender were not associated with EmQue-I13. CONCLUSIONS Our results underline the positive association between physical activity and the development of relational empathic skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Masini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Mascherini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy -
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4
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Ames ME, Robillard CL, Turner BJ, Garcia-Barrera M, Rush J, Craig SG. Associations between physical activity, affect regulation difficulties, and mental health among Canadian adolescents at two different points of the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Health 2024; 39:1042-1058. [PMID: 36184947 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2127718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Although physical activity declined with social distancing measures and stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic, youth who engaged in more physical activity experienced fewer mental health problems. If and how physical activity maintained its protective role throughout the ongoing pandemic remains unclear. This study models associations between three types of physical activity (indoor, outdoor, with parents), affect regulation, and anxious and depressive symptoms in two independent adolescent samples (T1: Summer 2020; T2: Winter 2020/21). Methods and Measures. Six hundred sixty-two Canadian adolescents (T1: Mage = 15.69, SD = 1.36; 52% girls; 5% trans+) and 675 Canadian adolescents (T2: Mage = 15.80, SD = 1.46; 50% girls; 6% trans+) participated in an online survey. Data included frequency of physical activity indoors, outdoors, and with parents, affect regulation difficulties, and measures of anxious and depressive symptoms. Results. Multiple-group path analysis showed indoor physical activity had an indirect effect on anxiety and depressive symptoms through affect dysregulation, but only at T1. Physical activity with parents was protective for adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms at both T1 and T2 and had an indirect effect through affect dysregulation and suppression. Conclusion. Findings contribute to our understanding of how physical activity protects adolescent mental health, and point to strengthening family supports and recreation opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Ames
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Youth and Society, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christina L Robillard
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brianna J Turner
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Youth and Society, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan Rush
- University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie G Craig
- York University, LaMarsh Centre for Child and Youth Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sabo A, Kuan G, Kueh YC. Structural relationship of the social-ecological factors and psychological factors on physical activity. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:419. [PMID: 39085962 PMCID: PMC11293082 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01825-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study examines the mediating effect of psychological factors in the structural relationships between social and physical environmental factors and the amount of physical activity among undergraduate students at Universiti Sains Malaysia. The sample consisted of 422 students with a mean age of 20.2 years (SD = 1.27). The majority of the students were female (69.7%) and Malay (81.3%). Standardized scales were used to measure the total amount of physical activity and all the study variables. The final SEM had a good fit to the data: CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.948, SRMR = 0.036, RMSEA (90%CI) = 0.046 (0.025, 0.065), RMSEA p-value = 0.609 with 11 paths relationships. Family support had a significant effect on perceived benefits and perceived barriers. The effect of friend support on physical activity was significantly mediated by perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and psychological needs satisfaction. The effect of the availability of exercise facilities on physical activity was significantly mediated by perceived benefits and psychological needs satisfaction. Furthermore, psychological needs satisfaction mediated the effect of perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy on physical activity. The study findings illustrated that the application of the social-ecological model and psychological factors is important in order to understand and promote positive physical activity behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwali Sabo
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Public and Environmental Health, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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6
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Orlins ER, Slack AJ, Essel B, Chatfield SL. Suicide and suicidality among collegiate student-athletes: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39083804 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2382428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Participation in college athletics has traditionally been presumed to counter poor mental health outcomes including death by suicide. While previously reported incidents generally involve male football players, recent incidents suggest changing trends in frequency, sport, and sex. This research aims to summarize the breadth and limitations of existing research on death by suicide among U.S. collegiate student-athletes. Participants and Methods: This scoping review followed Joanna Briggs Institute guidance. A final sample of 19 research studies were identified through a comprehensive search including APA PsychINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE Complete, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL databases and Gray Literature sources. Results: Most studied outcomes were suicidal ideation and attempt. Research on assessment of suicide prevention interventions for student-athletes is lacking. Conclusions: The paucity of research found on suicidal behaviors among collegiate student-athletes, including a lack of intervention research, in conjunction with recent trends suggest the need for a renewed focus on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Orlins
- College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Anita J Slack
- University Libraries, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Baaba Essel
- College of Public Health, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
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7
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Li Z, Li J, Kong J, Li Z, Wang R, Jiang F. Adolescent mental health interventions: a narrative review of the positive effects of physical activity and implementation strategies. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1433698. [PMID: 38993342 PMCID: PMC11236730 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1433698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The psychological well-being of adolescents is a global concern due to increasing societal pressures and mental health issues. Physical activity is known to enhance physical health and has potential benefits for mental health, including reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression, boosting self-esteem, and improving social skills. This narrative review explores how physical activity can serve as an intervention to help adolescents manage psychological stress and prevent mental health issues. Methods An extensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus. Keywords included "adolescent mental health," "physical activity," "psychological intervention," "types of exercise," "anxiety," "depression," "self-esteem," "social skills," and "emotional regulation." Studies were included based on relevance, peer-reviewed status, and involvement of adolescent populations. Data were extracted and analyzed qualitatively, focusing on the psychological impacts of different types of physical activity. Sixty one articles were eventually included. Results and conclusion The review identified multiple studies highlighting the positive effects of various physical activities on adolescent mental health. Aerobic exercises were found to improve mood and cognitive function, strength training reduced depressive symptoms and increased self-efficacy, team sports enhanced social skills and a sense of community, and mind-body practices like yoga and tai chi improved stress management and emotional regulation. The findings suggest that physical activity can play a significant role in promoting adolescent mental health. Implementation strategies in school and community settings, including integrating physical activity into school curricula, offering diverse activity options, training professional instructors, encouraging family and community involvement, and regular monitoring and evaluation, are recommended. Future research should address limitations such as sample diversity and long-term effects. This narrative review underscores the importance of physical activity in enhancing adolescent mental health. Effective implementation strategies and multi-sector collaboration are essential for maximizing the benefits of physical activity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojin Li
- Department of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Jianda Kong
- Department of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Department of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Langfang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Fugao Jiang
- Department of Physical Education, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
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8
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Wang K, Qian J. The Mediating and Moderating Role of Social-Emotional Skills in the Relationship between Sports Participation and Test Anxiety. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:512. [PMID: 38920844 PMCID: PMC11200375 DOI: 10.3390/bs14060512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Test anxiety is a prevalent issue among adolescents, prompting a need for effective coping mechanisms. Participation in sports, which is gaining recognition for its crucial role in alleviating test anxiety, may be effective due to its association with social-emotional skills. Moreover, students with diverse levels of social-emotional skills not only experience enjoyment in sports differently but also perceive test anxiety uniquely, leading to varying interpretations of the relationships between them. Due to the lack of direct evidence, therefore, this study aimed to explore the intricate relationships among sports participation, test anxiety, and social-emotional skills. METHODS Utilizing OECD data from 61,010 participants across 10 locations, all variable measurements were collected through the Survey on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES). RESULTS The results indicated that social-emotional skills mediated and moderated the relationship between sports participation and test anxiety. However, only lower- and medium-level social-emotional skills significantly weakened the negative correlation between sports participation and test anxiety. CONCLUSION Social-emotional skills serve a dual function in the relationship between sports participation and test anxiety. Not only do they elucidate why sports participation can alleviate test anxiety, but they also act as regulators, moderating the extent of this alleviation. These findings provide valuable insights for educational interventions, underscoring the importance of sports participation and the cultivation of social-emotional skills in mitigating test anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiali Qian
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 210 Guangming Hall, NO. 800 Dongchuan Street, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China;
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9
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Huang K, Beckman EM, Ng N, Dingle GA, Han R, James K, Winkler E, Stylianou M, Gomersall SR. Effectiveness of physical activity interventions on undergraduate students' mental health: systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daae054. [PMID: 38916148 PMCID: PMC11196957 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daae054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of physical activity interventions on undergraduate students' mental health. Seven databases were searched and a total of 59 studies were included. Studies with a comparable control group were meta-analysed, and remaining studies were narratively synthesized. The included studies scored very low GRADE and had a high risk of bias. Meta-analyses indicated physical activity interventions are effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety (n = 20, standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.88, 95% CI [-1.23, -0.52]), depression (n = 14, SMD = -0.73, 95% CI [-1.00, -0.47]) and stress (n = 10, SMD = -0.61, 95% CI [-0.94, -0.28]); however, there was considerable heterogeneity (anxiety, I2 = 90.29%; depression I2 = 49.66%; stress I2 = 86.97%). The narrative synthesis had mixed findings. Only five studies reported being informed by a behavioural change theory and only 30 reported intervention fidelity. Our review provides evidence supporting the potential of physical activity interventions in enhancing the mental health of undergraduate students. More robust intervention design and implementation are required to better understand the effectiveness of PA interventions on mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Huang
- Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Emma M Beckman
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Norman Ng
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Genevieve A Dingle
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Rong Han
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kari James
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Winkler
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Michalis Stylianou
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Sjaan R Gomersall
- Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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10
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Birgisson O, Eriksen HR, Hysing M, Johannsson E, Gestsdottir S. Adolescent mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness: A comparison of two cohorts 12 years apart. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300810. [PMID: 38748628 PMCID: PMC11095746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of adolescents in two cross-sectional cohorts, one measured in 2003 and the other in 2015, both at age 15 and across sexes. The study also sought to estimate the association between mental health and CRF in the two cohorts and examine the relationship between the level of CRF and mental health in each cohort overall and by sex. Data from 443 participants born in 1988 (228 males, 215 females) and 303 participants born in 1999 (126 males, 177 females) were analyzed. Mental health was assessed using self-reports of body image, self-esteem, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. CRF was estimated using a maximal cycle ergometer test. From 2003 to 2015, body image scores improved (p = .043), self-esteem remained stable, and CRF declined significantly (p < .001). No self-esteem differences were observed between sexes in any cohort. Males had higher CRF and body image scores than females in both cohorts (p < .001 for all comparisons). Higher CRF correlated with fewer depressive symptoms across sexes and cohorts. Specifically, higher CRF was associated with anxiety in females and improved body image in males (2003) and both sexes (2015). Increased CRF was linked to higher self-esteem in females but not in males. Overall, higher CRF levels were associated with better mental health outcomes for both sexes. These results highlight the potential of improving adolescent mental health through increased physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottar Birgisson
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hege R. Eriksen
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erlingur Johannsson
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sunna Gestsdottir
- Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Samsudin N, Bailey RP, Ries F, Hashim SNAB, Fernandez JA. Assessing the impact of physical activity on reducing depressive symptoms: a rapid review. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:107. [PMID: 38720395 PMCID: PMC11077707 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The prevalence of depression among teenagers is a significant issue worldwide, which calls for a thorough investigation of non-drug treatments. This expedited evaluation examines 24 specifically chosen studies to clarify the correlation between physical activity depression symptoms in teenagers, undertaken following PRISMA principles. METHODS A wide range of research methods, including longitudinal studies, surveys, and cross-sectional analyses, were used in different nations to understand the intricate relationship between physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and depression symptoms. The data-gathering methods included standardised questionnaires, accelerometer measurements, and self-report instruments. FINDINGS The review highlights the crucial significance of engaging in physical activity to alleviate depression symptoms. Improved self-esteem consistently acts as a crucial intermediary between participation in physical activity and decreased rates of depression. Engaging in physical activity is a safeguard, particularly for individuals with restricted access to physical activity. In contrast, a sedentary lifestyle greatly increases the probability of developing moderate to severe symptoms of depression. Gender differences are apparent, with females being disproportionately impacted by depression. There are strong connections between engaging in physical activity and reducing symptoms of depression, which can be observed in various situations, such as participating in team sports or engaging in leisure activities. CONCLUSION This study provides insight into the potential of physical activity as a non-pharmacological approach to address adolescent depression. This highlights the significant impact of physical activity, which has important implications for public health programs aimed at improving the mental well-being of adolescents by promoting physical activity. It is crucial to do additional research that considers gender-specific variations and various physical activity circumstances to enhance our comprehension of this important matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Samsudin
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Richard Peter Bailey
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Francis Ries
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Janet Ann Fernandez
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Gaia JWP, Schuch FB, Ferreira RW, Souza EDL, Ferreira VMS, Pires DA. Effects of high-intensity interval training on depressive and anxiety symptoms in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14618. [PMID: 38566446 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Although evidence regarding the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on mental health has increased in recent years, there is still no consensus regarding the effects of HIIT on the symptoms of depression and anxiety in a healthy population. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of HIIT on depressive and/or anxiety symptoms in healthy individuals. The following four databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and PsycINFO. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis based on standardized mean difference (SMD). The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB 2.0 tool, and the certainty of the evidence was evaluated based on recommendations GRADE. Eight RCTs evaluating 471 participants (81% female) were considered eligible for inclusion. The results of the meta-analysis showed that HIIT-based interventions had no significant effect on reducing anxiety (SMD = -0.17; 95% CI: -0.53, 0.19; p = 0.27) and depressive symptoms (SMD = -0.38; 95% CI: -1.06, 0.30; p = 0.17) compared with the passive control group. In conclusion, HIIT does not improve symptoms of depression and anxiety in healthy individuals. This finding is based on evidence of very low certainty. Therefore, the evidence is still not consistent enough to support HIIT as a viable strategy to reduce both outcomes because of the limited number of included studies and the overall quality of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan Wélington Pereira Gaia
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providência, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Weyll Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Edielen de Lima Souza
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Alvarez Pires
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
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Zhihao D, Tao W, Yingjie S, Feng Z. The influence of physical activity on internet addiction among Chinese college students: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of gender. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:935. [PMID: 38561700 PMCID: PMC10986089 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The significance of self-esteem in the relationship between physical activity and Internet addiction among college students cannot be over, as it lays a solid foundation for the prevention and control of Internet addiction. METHODS A total of 950 college students were surveyed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS-R) through a cluster random sampling method. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, partial correlation analysis, mediation effect, moderation effect, and Bootstrap testing were conducted on the collected data to analyze and interpret the results. RESULTS (1) Significant gender differences were found in the amount of physical activity and the degree of Internet addiction among college students(P&& lt;0.001); (2) Physical activity was significantly and positively correlated with self-esteem (r = 0.26, P < 0.001), but significantly and negatively correlated with Internet addiction (r=-0.23, P < 0.001); Meanwhile, self-esteem and Internet addiction were significantly and negatively related to self-esteem (r=-0.22, P < 0.001). (3) Mediating effect analyses showed that self-esteem played a partial mediating role in physical activity and Internet addiction among college students, accounting for a portion of 78.95%. (4) A moderating effect of gender on the relationship between physical activity and Internet addiction was discovered. CONCLUSION The physical activity level of male students is significantly higher than that of female students, while the degree of internet addiction among female students is notably higher than that of male students. Physical activity can not only directly improve the issue of internet addiction among college students, but also indirectly improve it through self-esteem, with gender playing a moderating role in this process. This conclusion has practical reference significance for preventing and controlling internet addiction among college students, and provides evidence support for using physical activity as a reference solution in clinical applications. Additionally, it suggests that gender should be taken into account when preventing and intervening in internet addiction among college students, and different strategies and methods should be adopted for male and female students. Male students should be encouraged to participate more in physical activities, gradually increasing the frequency, duration, and intensity of their participation, in order to divert their attention and enhance their sense of achievement in sports, thereby reducing their use of mobile phones. For female students, on the other hand, it is important to strengthen real-life communication, change the form of sports participation, engage in group, collaborative, and different situational sports activities, and enhance their focus and attention in sports, in order to reduce their internet dependency, better guide them to use the internet reasonably, and enable them to achieve emotional release through sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Zhihao
- Jishou University, 416000, Jishou, Hunan, China
- College of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Tao
- College of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, 451000, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sun Yingjie
- College of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhai Feng
- College of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Matthews E, Cowman M, Mulhare B, Banville E, Kissane S, Lederman O, Lowney P, Ronan F, Denieffe S. A qualitative evaluation of an exercise practitioner in an outpatient child and adolescent mental health service. Ir J Psychol Med 2024; 41:102-106. [PMID: 36239277 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2022.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity interventions can confer a range of physical and mental health benefits among young people with mental disorders. In some contexts, such as Ireland, integrated physical activity is not easily available within child and adolescent mental health services. Therefore, an interagency pilot intervention was established in a child and adolescent mental health service in Ireland with the integration of a novel exercise practitioner into the multidisciplinary mental health team. OBJECTIVE A qualitative evaluation was conducted to understand the impact of the pilot intervention and to understand issues of implementation that arose throughout. METHODS In-depth qualitative interviews with service users' parents/guardians (N = 3) and a single focus group with existing service providers (N = 3), framed by the RE-AIM framework were conducted to evaluate the pilot intervention. Data were analysed using thematic analysis to explore themes. RESULTS Three overarching themes were identified. These were as follows: (i) Making changes toward healthier physical activity behaviours; (ii) An intervention of therapeutic holism; and (iii) The integrated service delivery. CONCLUSIONS This research provides insight on the value of a novel integrated exercise practitioner in outpatient young persons' mental health services in Ireland, indicating an enhanced and complimentary therapeutic service. These findings will be helpful for integrating Exercise Practitioners in this setting going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Matthews
- School of Health Science, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Mary Cowman
- School of Health Science, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Brian Mulhare
- School of Health Science, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
- School of Humanities, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Elaine Banville
- School of Humanities, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Sheila Kissane
- Wexford Mental Health Services, The Health Service Executive, Wexford, Ireland
| | - Oscar Lederman
- Eastern Suburbs Mental Health Service, Coogee, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Health Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paula Lowney
- Health and Wellbeing, South East Community Healthcare, The Health Service Executive, Wexford, Ireland
| | - Fran Ronan
- Sports Active Wexford, Wexford County Council, Wexford, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Denieffe
- School of Humanities, South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland
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Slekiene J, Chidziwisano K, Tilley E. Psychosocial factors associated with intention to pursue tertiary education among Malawian students: the moderating effect of mental health. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:65. [PMID: 38336801 PMCID: PMC10854067 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01562-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Sub Saharan Africa (SSA), approximately 9 million students are enrolled in tertiary education (TE), which is 4% of the total TE enrolment globally. Barriers to higher education in SSA are numerous: poverty, food insecurity, gender, and disability, while the COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the situation. Little is known about the psychosocial factors and underlying mechanisms associated with students' intention to apply for TE. Using a psychological theory of behaviour change, our study investigated the psychosocial and context factors associated with the application to TE. METHODS In a cross-sectional research study 821 interviews using researcher-administered questionnaires were conducted with secondary school students in rural and urban Blantyre, Malawi. A quantitative questionnaire based on the risks, attitudes, norms, abilities, and self-regulation (RANAS) model was used to assess psychosocial factors underlying application for TE. The Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) and household hunger scale were used to assess mental health and hunger respectively. RESULTS More than half of the youth were at risk to develop depression (66.5%). Girls reported experiencing more depression symptoms than boys. Around 1 in every 5 interviewed youth lived in a home experiencing moderate or severe hunger. A higher intention to apply for TE was related to perceived vulnerability, affective beliefs (joy, happiness, excitement), injunctive (approval of others) and personal norms, self-efficacy, and commitment to apply. Factual knowledge about TE application was very limited. An intention to apply for TE and self-efficacy was positively associated with regular physical exercise, but negatively associated with mental health and hunger. However, mental health moderated the effects of physical exercise on the intention to apply for TE. We found significant differences between poor and good mental health groups on intention to apply for TE in perceived vulnerability, descriptive (behaviour of others) and personal norms, self-efficacy, maintenance self-efficacy and commitment factors. The results informed a behaviour change intervention strategy to increase students' intention to apply for TE. CONCLUSIONS Our research findings are an important contribution to the long-term strategy of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and contribute to the inclusion of vulnerable students with impaired mental health in higher education in Malawi and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgita Slekiene
- Global Health Engineering (GHE), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D- MAVT), ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 37, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Kondwani Chidziwisano
- Centre for Water, Sanitation, Health and Appropriate Technology Development (WASHTED), Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences (MUBAS), Private Bag 303, Blantyre 3, Chichiri, Malawi
- Department of Environmental Health, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences (MUBAS), Private Bag 303, Blantyre 3, Chichiri, Malawi
| | - Elizabeth Tilley
- Global Health Engineering (GHE), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D- MAVT), ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 37, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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Kehm RD, Knight JA, Houghton LC, McDonald JA, Schwartz LA, Goldberg M, Chung WK, Frost CJ, Wei Y, Bradbury AR, Keegan THM, Daly MB, Buys SS, Andrulis IL, John EM, Terry MB. Childhood physical activity and pubertal timing: findings from the LEGACY girls study. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyad193. [PMID: 38205889 PMCID: PMC10859159 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited research on whether physical activity (PA) in early childhood is associated with the timing of pubertal events in girls. METHODS We used data collected over 2011-16 from the LEGACY Girls Study (n = 984; primarily aged 6-13 years at study enrolment), a multicentre North American cohort enriched for girls with a breast cancer family history (BCFH), to evaluate if PA is associated with age at thelarche, pubarche and menarche. Maternal-reported questionnaire data measured puberty outcomes, PA in early childhood (ages 3-5 years) and total metabolic equivalents of organized PA in middle childhood (ages 7-9 years). We used interval-censored Weibull parametric survival regression models with age as the time scale and adjusted for sociodemographic factors, and we tested for effect modification by BCFH. We used inverse odds weighting to test for mediation by body mass index-for-age z-score (BMIZ) measured at study enrolment. RESULTS Being highly active vs inactive in early childhood was associated with later thelarche in girls with a BCFH [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.26-0.59), but not in girls without a BCFH. In all girls, irrespective of BCFH, being in the highest vs lowest quartile of organized PA in middle childhood was associated with later menarche (aHR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50-0.97). These associations remained after accounting for potential mediation by BMIZ. CONCLUSION This study provides new data that PA in early childhood may be associated with later thelarche in girls with a BCFH, also further supporting an overall association between PA in middle childhood and later menarche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca D Kehm
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julia A Knight
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren C Houghton
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jasmine A McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa A Schwartz
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mandy Goldberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caren J Frost
- College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela R Bradbury
- Departments of Medicine and Hematology/Oncology and of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Theresa H M Keegan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Oncology Hematology Outcomes Research and Training (COHORT), University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Mary B Daly
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer centre, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Department of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin centre for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Esther M John
- Departments of Epidemiology & Population Health and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Shams L, Shafiei F, Sadremomtaz Z. The social and environmental factors impacting the motivation of adolescents for weight control, why and how? A qualitative study. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:19. [PMID: 38287433 PMCID: PMC10826028 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overweight and obesity are common problems among teenagers regardless of ethnicity, race, and socio-economic status. Therefore, this study aims to explore the social and environmental factors impacting adolescents motivation for weight control in Gilan province, Iran. METHODOLOGY Following a qualitative design, a content analysis approach was used to analyze the data. A total of 79 interviews were conducted with Adolescents (n = 23), Friends and Peers (n = 15), Parents (n = 12), Managers (n = 16), and Health care providers (n = 13), regarding adolescents obesity during 2019. MAXQDA V.10 software was used for our analysis. FINDINGS The main categories of environmental and social factors affecting adolescents motivation for weight control were external factors (the relative success of weight control intervention programs, the lack of environmental and social support, and the lack of family support for teenagers) that each one had some subcategories, and internal factors (competence, relatedness, and autonomy). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the necessity of identifying environmental and social factors that are effective in reducing adolescents' motivation for weight loss. These factors are so influential that teenagers can't overcome them without receiving support from their environment and the government health-related policies. So, it seems that we need integrated multisectoral approaches and we suggest that health policymakers develop practical policies to control adolescents obesity by focusing on factors that have been mentioned in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Shams
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School Of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shafiei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadremomtaz
- Department of Community Health Education, Virtual School of Medical and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Alshallal AD, Alliott O, Brage S, van Sluijs EMF, Wilkinson P, Corder K, Winpenny EM. Total and temporal patterning of physical activity in adolescents and associations with mental wellbeing. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:5. [PMID: 38191365 PMCID: PMC10775671 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited understanding of the extent to which differences in physical activity across the day and week may be associated with mental wellbeing. Such an understanding is needed for better targeting of interventions. In this study, we describe total and temporal patterning of physical activity across the week in adolescents (age 13-14y) and assess their prospective associations with mental wellbeing. METHODS 1,983 13-14-year-old adolescent participants based in Cambridgeshire and Essex, recruited between 2016 and 2017 into the Get Others Active Trial provided data at baseline and 4 months. Physical activity was measured at baseline using wrist-worn accelerometers across different time segments (whole week, weekday schooltime, weekday out of school, and weekend), and operationalized as average movement-related acceleration for each time segment. Mental Wellbeing at baseline and 4 months was measured using the Warwick Edinburgh MentalWellbeing Scale. Associations between physical activity across different time segments (whole week, weekday schooltime, weekday out of school, and weekend) and mental wellbeing at 4 months were investigated using sex-stratified multi-level regression models, adjusted for covariates, and both adjusted and unadjusted for baseline mental wellbeing. RESULTS Our analyses found positive associations between physical activity and mental wellbeing at 4 months, unadjusted for baseline wellbeing. Among girls, positive associations were shown when considering physical activity across the whole week 0.07 (95% CI, 0.03-0.12), and across all separate time periods studied: weekday schooltime 0.07 (95% CI, 0.02-0.11), weekday out-of-school time 0.07 (95% CI, 0.03-0.12), and weekend 0.07 (95% CI, 0.02-0.11). For boys, similar associations were observed for activity across the week 0.07 (95% CI, 0.03-0.11), during weekday schooltime 0.08 (95% CI, 0.04-0.12), and weekday out-of-school time 0.07 (95% CI, 0.03-0.11), but not the weekend 0.01 (95% CI, -0.03-0.05). For both girls and boys, associations were attenuated below significance after adjusting for baseline wellbeing. CONCLUSIONS This longitudinal analysis showed positive associations between physical activity and later mental wellbeing in both male and female adolescents across most time segments. Higher physical activity throughout the week may be associated with better mental wellbeing in the adolescent population. Further research is required to understand determinants of change in wellbeing over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration Number: ISRCTN31583496. Registered: 18/02/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Alliott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Paul Wilkinson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kirsten Corder
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Bridges Hamilton CN, Ylitalo KR, Wende ME, Sharkey JR, Umstattd Meyer MR. Depressive Symptoms and Their Longitudinal Impact on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Mexican-Heritage Youth. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2024; 47:20-31. [PMID: 37747840 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the longitudinal impact of depressive symptoms on physical activity (PA) levels, sedentary behavior, and screen time among first-generation, Mexican-heritage youth. Mexican-heritage families were recruited by promotoras de salud from colonias in Hidalgo County, Texas. Participants (n = 200 youth, 116 families in final sample) completed at-home, interviewer-administered surveys once during the summer (June-July) and once during the fall (August-December). Youth PA and sedentary behaviors were assessed using a validated 7-day recall instrument. The validated Center for Epidemiology Studies-Depression Child scale was used to assess depression symptoms. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the relationships of PA and sedentary behavior with depressive symptoms. Results showed that those depression symptoms were significantly associated with decreased number of self-reported minutes of sitting and screen time over time in the full sample and among male youth. Depression symptoms also significantly decreased the number of self-reported active and moderate to vigorous PA minutes over time among male youth. Researchers can build on our findings by identifying the mechanisms driving the relationships between depression and PA/sedentary behavior. Public health-programing efforts should intentionally consider the impact that depressive symptoms have on PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina N Bridges Hamilton
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas (Dr Bridges Hamilton); Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas (Drs Ylitalo, Wende, and Umstattd Meyer); and Professor Emeritus, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (Dr Sharkey)
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Patel J, Katapally TR, Khadilkar A, Bhawra J. The interplay between air pollution, built environment, and physical activity: Perceptions of children and youth in rural and urban India. Health Place 2024; 85:103167. [PMID: 38128264 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The role of physical inactivity as a contributor to non-communicable disease risk in children and youth is widely recognized. Air pollution and the built environment can limit participation in physical activity and exacerbate non-communicable disease risk; however, the relationships between perceptions of air pollution, built environment, and health behaviours are not fully understood, particularly among children and youth in low and middle-income countries. Currently, there are no studies capturing how child and youth perceptions of air pollution and built environment are associated with physical activity in India, thus, this study investigated the association between perceived air pollution and built environment on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels of Indian children and youth. Online surveys captured MVPA, perception of air pollution as a problem, built environment factors, as well as relevant sociodemographic characteristics from parents and children aged 5-17 years in partnership with 41 schools across 28 urban and rural locations during the Coronavirus disease lockdowns in 2021. After adjusting for age, gender, and location, a significant association was found between the perception of air pollution as a problem and MVPA levels (β = -18.365, p < 0.001). Similarly, the perception of a high crime rate was associated with lower MVPA levels (β = -23.383, p = 0.002). Reporting the presence of zebra crossings, pedestrian signals, or attractive natural sightings were associated with higher MVPA levels; however, this association varied across sociodemographic groups. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing air pollution and improving the built environment to facilitate outdoor active living, including active transportation, among children and youth - solutions that are particularly relevant not only for preventing non-communicable disease risk but also for climate change mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamin Patel
- DEPtH Lab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Tarun Reddy Katapally
- DEPtH Lab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Road East, Suite 300, London, Ontario, N6C 2R5, Canada; Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 001, India
| | - Anuradha Khadilkar
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 001, India
| | - Jasmin Bhawra
- Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 001, India; School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
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21
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Halladay J, Ogrodnik M, Farag Alla J, Sunderland M, Gardner LA, Georgiades K. Playing for more than winning: Exploring sports participation, physical activity, and belongingness and their relationship with patterns of adolescent substance use and mental health. Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 254:111039. [PMID: 38043225 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting adolescent sports participation and physical activity may be effective low-barrier prevention strategies for co-occurring adolescent substance use (SU) and mental health symptoms (MH). The objectives of this study were to: 1) explore associations between profiles of SU/MH and sports participation; and 2) determine whether physical activity and belongingness account for these associations. METHODS Data came from a representative sample of 11,994 grade 9-12 Ontarian students (ages ~14-18) previously grouped into five SU/MH profiles based on patterns of use and symptoms. A series of multinomial logistic regressions, adjusted for socio-demographics and school clustering, were used to predict the risks of students belonging to SU/MH profiles based on: 1) school sports participation (>=weekly), 2) sports and physical activity (>=60minutes; 0-7 days), and 3) sports, physical activity, and school belongingness. RESULTS Greater school sports participation, physical activity, and belongingness were each associated with reduced risks of belonging to most profiles with elevations in SU and/or MH symptoms relative to the low SU/MH profile (Relative Risk Ratios: sports=0.62-0.87, physical activity=0.78-0.98, belonging=0.75-0.83). Frequency of physical activity accounted for ~32-60% of the associations between sports and SU/MH profiles, while school belongingness accounted for the remaining associations. Physical activity and belongingness remained independently associated with SU/MH profiles. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest possible indirect associations between school sports participation and SU/MH profiles through physical activity and school belongingness, which may be promising prevention targets that have independent associations over and above sports. School sports participation may be one of a number of ways to achieve these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Halladay
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - M Ogrodnik
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - J Farag Alla
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Canada
| | - M Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - L A Gardner
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - K Georgiades
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada
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Favieri F, French MN, Casagrande M, Chen EY. Physical activity interventions have a moderate effect in increasing physical activity in university students-a meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2823-2834. [PMID: 35044891 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1998070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transition to college is associated with changes in physical activity. This meta-analysis aims to quantify the effect of interventions on increasing physical activity in healthy university students. METHODS We conducted a literature search (up to 2/3/2020) to identify randomized controlled trials with healthy undergraduate or graduate students enrolled in a college degree program. Moderator analyses were conducted to examine the effects of intervention modality delivery (delivered in-person or remotely) and the type of outcome measure (self-report or objective measures). RESULTS 18 publications were included. Interventions had a medium effect on physical activity (Cohen's d = 0.52). Moderator analyses revealed no differences. CONCLUSION Suggestions of how to improve the quality of physical activity intervention studies in college students are given. The moderate effect size of physical activity interventions in college students highlights the importance of developing and testing new interventions to promote physical activity in emerging adults. Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2021.1998070 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Favieri
- Department of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Body and Action Lab, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Melanie N French
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health studies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eunice Y Chen
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Masini A, Marini S, Ceciliani A, Barone G, Lanari M, Gori D, Bragonzoni L, Toselli S, Stagni R, Bisi MC, Sansavini A, Tessari A, Dallolio L. The effects of an active breaks intervention on physical and cognitive performance: results from the I-MOVE study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:919-929. [PMID: 37403403 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of active breaks intervention (ABs) to promote physical and cognitive improvement in primary school. METHODS The active breaks group (ABsG) performed 10 min of ABs three times per school day and the control group (CG) did normal lessons. The baseline and follow-up evaluation was conducted respectively in October 2019 and in May 2021. Cognitive performance was assessed using working memory test, physical performance was analyzed with ActiGraph accelerometers and physical fitness tests, quality of life was monitored using the Paediatric Quality of Life questionnaire (PedsQL) and classroom behavior was collected with an ad hoc questionnaire. RESULTS We enrolled 153 children (age: 7.61 ± 1.41, 54.2% males). Working memory significantly increased in the ABsG (ΔWM: 1.30 ± 1.17) than in CG (ΔWM: 0.96 ± 1.20). The 6 min Cooper test increased in the ABsG (Δ: 1.77 ± 136.03) but not in CG (Δ: -156.42 ± 187.53), P < 0.05. The weekly physical activity levels increased in both groups; however, the sedentary behavior significantly increased both in ABsG and CG. Children reported improvements in their quality of school life including feeling better in class and in school when using ABs; moreover, children improved their time on task behaviors in ABsG. CONCLUSION The present study has proven to be effective on children's physical and cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Masini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Marini
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Andrea Ceciliani
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barone
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Marcello Lanari
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Gori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bragonzoni
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Stefania Toselli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Stagni
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi" University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Bisi
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi" University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sansavini
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Tessari
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Kim I, Ahn H. The Longitudinal Mediating Effect of Smartphone Dependency on the Relationship between Exercise Time and Subjective Happiness in Adolescents. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2997. [PMID: 37998489 PMCID: PMC10671334 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of adolescents engaging in less physical activity as they age raises several concerns. Among these, we hypothesized that this trend may negatively impact their mental health and smartphone dependency. Thus, the aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the mediating effect of smartphone dependency in the relationship between adolescents' exercise time and subjective well-being. For analysis, publicly available data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey were utilized, with a total of 2,242 participants' data included in the analysis. Latent growth modeling results revealed a significant linear decrease in adolescents' exercise time and subjective well-being each year, while smartphone dependency exhibited an increasing trend. Furthermore, the significance tests of indirect effects indicated that the mediating effect of the changing trend in smartphone dependency between the changing trends in exercise time and subjective happiness in adolescents was statistically significant. These findings suggest that as grade levels increase, reducing exercise time can lead to higher smartphone dependency among adolescents, ultimately resulting in decreased subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inwoo Kim
- Department of Sports Culture, College of the Arts, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyoyeon Ahn
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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25
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Telford DM, Meiring RM, Gusso S. Moving beyond moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: the role of light physical activity during adolescence. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1282482. [PMID: 38022771 PMCID: PMC10652412 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1282482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle for young people. However, an estimated 80% of adolescents globally are insufficiently active. Traditionally, health benefits were attributed only to physical activity of at least moderate intensity, and recommendations focused on achieving a threshold of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, without consideration of other aspects of movement within the 24 h cycle. Recently, the overall daily balance of active and sedentary behaviours has gained recognition as an important determinant of health. However, the relationship between light intensity physical activity and health has not been fully explored. In this perspective paper, we discuss key challenges in defining, measuring and analysing light physical activity which have hindered the advancement of knowledge in this area. Next, we suggest three ways in which light physical activity may enhance adolescent wellbeing: firstly, by replacing sedentary behaviours to increase daily movement; secondly, by supporting the accumulation of higher intensities of physical activity; and thirdly, by providing positive experiences to facilitate lifelong engagement with physical activity. In highlighting the importance of light physical activity during adolescence, we aim to encourage critical reflection and the exploration of new approaches towards physical activity within public health and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M. Telford
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Jeftic I, Furzer B, Dimmock JA, Wright K, Budden T, Boyd C, Simpson A, Rosenberg M, Sabiston CM, deJonge M, Jackson B. The Stride program: Feasibility and pre-to-post program change of an exercise service for university students experiencing mental distress. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 69:102507. [PMID: 37665942 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Rates of mental illness are disproportionately high for young adult and higher education (e.g., university student) populations. As such, universities and tertiary institutions often devote significant efforts to services and programs that support and treat mental illness and/or mental distress. However, within that portfolio of treatment approaches, structured exercise has been relatively underutilised and greater research attention is needed to develop this evidence base. The Stride program is a structured 12-week exercise service for students experiencing mental distress. We aimed to explore the feasibility of the program and assess pre- and post-program change, through assessments of student health, lifestyle, and wellbeing outcomes. Drawing from feasibility and effectiveness-implementation hybrid design literatures, we conducted a non-randomised feasibility trial of the Stride program. Participants were recruited from the Stride program (N = 114, Mage = 24.21 years). Feasibility results indicated the program was perceived as acceptable and that participants reported positive perceptions of program components, personnel, and sessions. Participants' pre-to-post program change in depressive symptomatology, physical activity levels, mental health-related quality of life, and various behavioural outcomes were found to be desirable. Our results provide support for the feasibility of the Stride program, and more broadly for the delivery and potential effectiveness of structured exercise programs to support university students experiencing mental distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jeftic
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Bonnie Furzer
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Fremantle Hospital Mental Health Service, South Metropolitan Health Service, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James A Dimmock
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Australia
| | - Kemi Wright
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Timothy Budden
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Conor Boyd
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Aaron Simpson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Rosenberg
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa deJonge
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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27
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Leahy AA, Diallo TMO, Eather N, Duncan MJ, Smith JJ, Morgan PJ, Lubans DR. Mediating effects of sleep on mental health in older adolescents: Findings from the Burn 2 Learn randomized controlled trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:2369-2380. [PMID: 37555440 PMCID: PMC10946941 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study explored the mediating effect of sleep-related variables on older adolescents' mental health in the context of a school-based physical activity intervention. METHODS We evaluated the Burn 2 Learn (B2L) intervention using a cluster randomized controlled trial, which included two cohorts. Participants for this sub-study were from the second cohort, which included 292 older adolescents (16.0 ± 0.5 years) from 10 secondary schools in New South Wales, Australia. Teachers at intervention schools delivered two high-intensity activity breaks (approximately 10 mins) per week to students during academic lessons. Participants completed measures of mental health (i.e., perceived stress and internalizing problems) and hypothesized mediators (i.e., sleep duration, sleep latency, awakenings, and daytime sleepiness) at baseline (February-April 2019) and post-intervention (August-September 2019). Single mediation analyses were conducted to explore the potential mediating effects of sleep variables on mental health outcomes using a product-of-coefficient test. RESULTS We observed a small statistically significant effect for perceived stress (β = -0.11, SE = 0.034, p = 0.002), but not for internalizing problems (β = 0.02, SE = 0.051, p = 0.760). There were no significant intervention effects for sleep-related variables. Several sleep-related variables were associated with mental health outcomes but no mediated effects were found. CONCLUSION The B2L intervention had a small beneficial effect on perceived stress, however our mediation analyses suggest this was not explained by changes in sleep-related variables. Markers of sleep were associated with mental health constructs, highlighting the importance of sleep for good psychological health. However, in the context of a physical activity intervention, effects on mental health may be driven by other behavioral, neurobiological, or psychosocial mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus A Leahy
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thierno M O Diallo
- School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Narelle Eather
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mitch J Duncan
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jordan J Smith
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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28
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Dementyev F, Fish B, Sakyi Opoku NY, Tesfaye L, Chan J, Ortiz L, Montgomery SB, Walker EJ, Wilson SM. Middle school cycling program is associated with improved mental health and wellbeing in adolescents during COVID-19. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1255514. [PMID: 37901388 PMCID: PMC10600462 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1255514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated mental health issues among adolescents. Exercise is well-regarded for boosting mental health. Riding for Focus (R4F) is a 6-8 week cycling education program designed to equip middle school adolescents with basic cycling skills and introduce students to lifetime physical activity. A secondary goal of the R4F program is to improve adolescent mental health and psychosocial well-being. This study aimed to quantify the change in adolescent psychosocial well-being associated with the R4F program during the COVID-19 pandemic. Program evaluation also examined associations between participating in the R4F and mental health outcomes in the context of established risk factors, including gender, race, socioeconomic status, involvement in IEP programs, participation in after-school clubs, screen time, hours of sleep, and physical activity levels. Methods Anonymous surveys were collected before and after the program in 20 schools in North America, with psychosocial well-being quantified using WHO-5 and PSC-17-Y. 1,148 middle school students, aged 11-14, completed pre intervention surveys. 815 students also completed post intervention surveys. Results There was a general increase in psychosocial well-being after the R4F program and positive psychosocial well-being changes in students that identified as female, non-white, physically active, part of an IEP program, meeting screentime recommendations, and engaged in school programs, though effect sizes were small. Despite mental health improvements among underrepresented groups, relative risk assessments still indicated that males, white students, those from high socioeconomic status families still had reduced relative risk of developing psychosocial disorders post intervention. Discussion These analyses illustrate the feasibility of cycling as a viable PE elective and the need for further, more robust studies to better assess the positive impacts of the R4F scholastic cycling program on the psychological health and well-being of middle school age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fletcher Dementyev
- Lawrence D Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Brian Fish
- Lawrence D Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Nana Yaa Sakyi Opoku
- Lawrence D Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Lydia Tesfaye
- Lawrence D Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Jason Chan
- Lawrence D Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Larry Ortiz
- Department of Social Work and Social Ecology, Loma Linda University School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Susanne B. Montgomery
- Department of Social Work and Social Ecology, Loma Linda University School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda, CA, United States
- Behavioral Health Institute, Loma Linda University School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | | | - Sean M. Wilson
- Lawrence D Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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Wang M, Chen H, Yang F, Xu X, Li J. Effects of digital psychotherapy for depression and anxiety: A systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:569-580. [PMID: 37392941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of digital psychotherapies for depression and anxiety. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analyses (NMA) to make comparisons of digital psychotherapies. METHODS A bayesian NMA was conducted in this study. The databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINAL were searched for all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from Jan 1, 2012 to Oct 1, 2022. We used the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of bias tool for quality assessment. The primary outcomes were set as a standardized mean difference model in efficacy to describe continuous outcomes. We used STATA and WinBUGS to conduct a bayesian network meta-analysis of all interventions based on a random-effects model. This study was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42022374558. RESULTS From the retrieved 16,750 publications, we included 72 RCTs (13,096 participants) with the overall medium quality and above. In terms of depression scale, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) was more effective than TAU (SMDs 0.53) and NT (SMDs 0.98). In terms of anxiety scale, CBT (SMDs 0.68; SMDs 0.72) and exercise therapy (ERT) (SMDs 1.01; SMDs 1.05) were more effective than TAU and NT. LIMITATIONS Uneven quality of literature, simple network, and subjective judgment. CONCLUSION Based on NMA results, we suggest that CBT, which is the most commonly used digital technology, should be preferred among digital psychotherapy for relieving depression and anxiety symptoms. Digital exercise therapy is an effective strategy to relieve some anxiety problems in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fengchun Yang
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China.
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30
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Jee H. Physical activity trajectories of different grade levels of male adolescents in association of academic performance and mental health. J Exerc Rehabil 2023; 19:258-267. [PMID: 37928827 PMCID: PMC10622937 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2346352.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regularly performed daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) is recommended to promote physical and mental health in adolescents. However, sedentary behavior has been reported with ever-increasing demand for competition without clear understanding of the relationship between PA and mental health and academic performance. Therefore, this study observed the changes in the amount PA in 6 grade levels in relation to mental health and academic performance. This study analyzed the amount of moderate and vigorous PA, sedentary time, mental health, and academic performance in male adolescents of 6 middle to high school grade levels by sedentary group (SG: 2 or less min/wk) and physical activity group (PG: 3 or more min/wk) groups depending on the days of weekly PA. The most weekly moderate and vigorous PA duration significant reduced by 29.4% (*P<0.01) and -43.8% (*P<0.01) for H2 in comparison to M1 in SG. The greatest increase in sitting duration 744.95±470.27 min/wk (*P<0.01) was shown by SG. Significant increase in loneliness degree was shown throughout the grade levels of M3 to H3 (2.41±1.08 to 2.50±1.06, *P<0.01) in SG. Degree of stress also significantly increased from M3 to H3 (2.69±0.98, *P<0.01 to 2.90±0.96, *P<0.01) in SG. Finally, perceived academic performance by the days of PA did not show clear difference between SG and PG. In conclusion, regularly performed PA male adolescents showed greater duration of moderate and vigorous PA without negatively influencing mental health and academic performance. Moreover, well controlled academic performance and sitting duration were shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haemi Jee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Namseoul University, Cheonan,
Korea
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31
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Igbinigie S, Rice M, Ciol MA, Pickard C, Webb L, Lin C, Mac Donald CL. The Effect of a Group Physical Activity Program on Behavior of Incarcerated Youth. JOURNAL OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH CARE 2023; 29:268-274. [PMID: 37130303 DOI: 10.1089/jchc.22.05.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral health challenges are more prevalent in incarcerated youth than in the general youth population. Questions remain regarding whether physical activity programs can reduce behavioral health challenges in incarcerated youth. Data were available for 1,285 youths incarcerated between January 2017 and December 2018. The structured exercise program was implemented in January 2018. Primary outcomes were numbers of use of force (UoF) and of program modifications (PMs) indicative of delinquent behavior in pre- and post-exercise implementation periods. Rates per 1,000 person-days for UoF (10.0 in 2017 vs. 7.4 in 2018) and for PMs (36.7 vs. 22.9) were statistically different. For youths incarcerated both years, rates per 1,000 person-days for UoF (12.3 vs. 7.9), and for PMs (43.3 vs. 23.5) were statistically different. There was a reduction in behavior modifications in incarcerated youths after implementing the exercise program, but further studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Igbinigie
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Melanie Rice
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marcia A Ciol
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - Cindy Lin
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christine L Mac Donald
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Sports Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Sanmarchi F, Scheier LM, Dallolio L, Ricci M, Longo G, Ceciliani A, Masini A. Association of Socioeconomic Factors and Physical Activity with Health-Related Quality of Life in Italian Middle School Children: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2092. [PMID: 37510533 PMCID: PMC10379006 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) provides a broad assessment of an individual's well-being and can serve as a good prognosticator of life's outcomes later for children and adolescents. Understanding the factors associated with HRQoL is crucial for promoting better health and life satisfaction. This study investigated the cross-sectional association of socioeconomic status, cardio fitness, and physical activity levels with HRQoL in 224 Italian early adolescents attending secondary school in the Emilia-Romagna region located in Northern Italy. In a multivariate path regression model, younger students and females reported a higher quality of life (β = -0.139, p = 0.015, 95% CI: -0.254--0.023 and β = 0.142, p = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.011-0.273, respectively). Having both parents employed and having a higher familiar educational status were also associated with a higher quality of life (β = 0.142, p = 0.013, 95% CI 0.027-0.257 and β = 0.133, p = 0.017, 95% CI 0.022-0.244, respectively). Greater engagement in routine physical activity levels from moderate to vigorous intensity was positively associated with quality of life (β = 0.429, p < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.304-0.554). Endurance (speed) was positively associated with quality of life (β = 0.221, p = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.087-0.355), and students with longer times on the shuttle run reported less quality of life (β = -0.207, p = 0.002, 95% CI: -0.337--0.077). These relations remained intact even when controlling for socioeconomic factors. The current findings reinforce the importance of promoting regular physical activity among younger children and also addressing socioeconomic status disparities to improve children's well-being. Future studies may want to consider expanding the array of measures used to assess physical activity and include additional measures assessing nutrition, cultural factors, and family functioning, all of which can influence a child's willingness to engage in physical activity and their well-being. The emphasis on fitness and physical activity and their contribution to a child's well-being should be the prime focus for stakeholders who work in the education, public health, and health policy sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sanmarchi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lawrence M Scheier
- LARS Research Institute, Inc., Sun City, AZ 85351, USA
- Prevention Strategies, Greensboro, NC 27410, USA
| | - Laura Dallolio
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ricci
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Longo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ceciliani
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Campus of Rimini, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Alice Masini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont (UNIUPO), Via Solaroli, 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Gadd N, Hoch JM, McKay C, Tinsley J, Dlugonski D. Youth sport participation, injury history, and current physical activity among young adults. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37437201 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2230303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the interaction between high school (HS) sports participation and injury history with current moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among young adults. Participants: Participants (N = 236) were 18-25 years old, not currently injured, and reported no physical activity limitations. Methods: Participants completed online demographic, injury history, and physical activity surveys. A two-way analysis of covariance was used to test the interaction between HS athlete status and previous injury severity on current self-reported MVPA. Results: Participants were 22.2 ± 2.1 years, primarily White (81.8%) or Asian (6.4%), and female (77.5%). After including body mass index and race as covariates, there was a statistically significant interaction between HS athlete status and previous injury history such that current MVPA was higher among former HS athletes compared to HS recreational/nonathletes when individuals reported no injuries or mild injury severity. MVPA was similar across athlete status groups when participants reported high levels of injury severity. Conclusions: Future studies should examine whether young adults who have experienced multiple and/or severe injuries as competitive HS athletes have unique physical activity barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Gadd
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Johanna M Hoch
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Chloe McKay
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jennifer Tinsley
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sports Medicine Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Deirdre Dlugonski
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Sports Medicine Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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D'Agostino EM, Neshteruk CD. Physical Activity Intensity Measurement and Association With Adolescent Health: Chartering New Frontiers. J Adolesc Health 2023; 73:6-7. [PMID: 37330813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily M D'Agostino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical School, Durham, North Carolina; Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University Medical School, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Cody D Neshteruk
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University Medical School, Durham, North Carolina
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Ranson C, Wootten M, Biswas A, Herrington L, Gallimore D, Jackson PD, Taylor A, Spencer S, Hull JH, McCaig S. Year-round longitudinal health surveillance in UK Olympic Summer Sport Athletes 2016-2019. Br J Sports Med 2023; 57:836-841. [PMID: 36693713 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the priority injury and illness types across UK summer Olympic World Class Programme sports to inform development, implementation and evaluation of associated injury risk mitigation and management initiatives. METHODS Four years (2016-2019) of electronic medical records of 1247 athletes from 22 sports were analysed and reported using methods based on the 2020 International Olympic Committee consensus statement for epidemiological recording and reporting. RESULTS 3562 injuries and 1218 illness were recorded, accounting for 146 156 and 27 442 time-loss days. Overall, 814 (65%) athletes reported at least one injury, while 517 (41%) reported at least one illness. There were 1.3 injuries per athlete year resulting in a mean burden of 54.1 days per athlete year. The lumbar/pelvis, knee, ankle and shoulder body regions had the highest incidence and burden. Athletes reported 0.5 illnesses per athlete year, resulting in a mean burden of 10.4 days per athlete year, with most composed of respiratory illness and gastroenteritis. Injuries within sport groups were representative of the injury risk profile for those sports (eg, knee, hand and head injuries had the highest incidence in combat sports), but respiratory illnesses were consistently the greatest problem for each sport group. CONCLUSIONS To optimise availability for training and performance, systematic risk mitigation and management initiatives should target priority injury problems occurring in the lumbar/pelvis, knee, ankle and shoulder, and respiratory illness. Follow-up analysis should include identification of sport-specific priority health problems and associated risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James H Hull
- English Institute of Sport, Manchester, UK
- UCL, London, UK
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Chau K, Gauchard G, Belbraouet S, Perrin P, Chau N. Association of School Health Relationship Difficulties with Lack of Regular Physical Activity in Younger Adolescents: A Population Based Study. Psychiatry 2023; 86:229-248. [PMID: 37348079 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2222639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Lack of regular physical activity (LPA) and the number of days/week with physical activity >60 minutes/day (Ndw) may be associated with school-health-relational difficulties (SHRDs) during the life-course. This study assessed their associations and the confounding role of socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' education/occupation/income) among younger adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study included 1,559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (10-18 years, 98% under 16 years, 778 boys and 781 girls). They completed over one-hour teaching period a questionnaire collecting last-12-month LPA and last-7-day Ndw (dependent variables), and risk factors including socioeconomic features, SHRDs (previous grade repetitions, last-12-month poor general health status/physical health/psychological health/social-relationships, depressive symptoms (and age at onset and duration from onset); cumulated number noted SHRDcn). Data were analyzed using logistic/linear regression models. Results: LPA was common (32.5%) and associated with all SHRDs (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio saOR reaching 1.99, p < .001) and depressive-symptoms duration (saOR 1.63 (p < .05) and 2.11 (p < .001) for 1-2 and ≥3 years, respectively, vs. no depressive symptoms). A dose-effect association was found between SHRDcn and LPA (24.0, 33.7, 45.6, and 53.5%; saOR 1.59, 2.58, and 3.43; for SHRDcn 1-2, 3-4, and ≥5 respectively, vs. SHRDcn = 0, p < .001). Ndw was similarly associated with all SHRDs and SHRDcn (sex-age-adjusted regression coefficient reaching -1.10 day/week, p < .001). These results were robust when controlling for socioeconomic features (18%
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Glowacki K, Affolder J, Macnab B, Ewert A, Tee K, Wenger M, Chan G, Mathias S, Barbic S. Infusing wellness opportunities into integrated youth services. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:403. [PMID: 37277769 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate health services and health promotion strategies for young people with mental health and substance use (MHSU) concerns are critical for recovery. Foundry, an integrated youth services (IYS) initiative for young people ages 12-24 in British Columbia (BC), Canada, has recently added leisure and recreational activities (referred to as the Wellness Program) into its services. The objectives of this study were to: (1) describe how the Wellness Program was implemented over a two-year period into IYS (2) provide an overview of what the Wellness Program is, who accessed the program since inception and initial evaluation results. METHODS This study was part of the developmental evaluation of Foundry. A phased approach was used to implement the program at nine centres. Data was accessed from Foundry's centralized platform 'Toolbox' and included activity type, number of unique youth and visits, additional services sought, information about how youth found out about the centre, and demographics. Qualitative data was also accessed from focus groups (n=2) conducted with young people (n=9). RESULTS Over the two-year period, 355 unique youth accessed the Wellness Program, with 1319 unique visits. Almost half (40%) of youth identified the Wellness Program as the first point of access to Foundry. A total of 384 different programs were offered targeting five wellness domains (physical, mental/emotional, social, spiritual, and cognitive/intellectual). The majority of youth identified as young girls/women (58.2%), 22.6% as gender diverse, and 19.2% as young men/boys. The mean age was 19 years, and most participants were between the ages of 19-24 years (43.6%). From the thematic analysis of focus groups, we found young people enjoyed the social aspect of the program with peers and facilitators, and identified program improvements that are being considered as the program grows. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insight into the development and implementation of leisure-based activities (known as the Wellness Program) into IYS and can be used as a guide by international IYS initiatives. The initial reach of programs over two years is promising, and these programs are acting as a potential gateway for young people to access other health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Glowacki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, The University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
- Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Care, #588-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Affolder
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
- Therapeutic Recreation, Douglas College, PO Box 2503, New Westminster, BC, V3L 5B2, Canada
| | - Brooke Macnab
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Alayna Ewert
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Karen Tee
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Matt Wenger
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Godwin Chan
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
| | - Steve Mathias
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
- Providence Research, 10th Floor - 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2K5, Canada
| | - Skye Barbic
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, The University of British Columbia, T325 - 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Care, #588-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
- Foundry, 915-1045 Howe Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2A9, Canada
- Providence Research, 10th Floor - 1190 Hornby Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 2K5, Canada
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Lecours A, Major MÈ, Lederer V, Vincent C, Lamontagne MÈ, Drolet AA. Integrative Prevention at Work: A Concept Analysis and Meta-Narrative Review. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:301-315. [PMID: 36348235 PMCID: PMC9643891 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to conceptualize integrative prevention at work and to identify its operational variables to support its application in occupational rehabilitation. Methods Based on Walker and Avant's specifications for concept analysis, we conducted a systematic five-step procedure (i.e., 1-identification of research question, 2-literature search through meta-narrative review, 3-manuscript selection, 4-extraction, 5-analysis). Results Analysis of information extracted from 20 manuscripts across diverse literature fields allowed to identify that the shared attributes of integrative prevention at work are: (a) coordination of the three levels of prevention, (b) integration of health promotion with prevention, (c) shared understanding of the goal, (d) engagement of stakeholders, and (e) variety of actions. The analysis also identified three antecedents and five consequences, situating the concept within the context of a change process. The results include recommendations for promoting the practical application of the concept. Conclusion The results of this study offer an informative, non-prescriptive, and operational definition of integrative prevention at work that all the stakeholders involved, including occupational rehabilitation professionals, can use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lecours
- Département d'ergothérapie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada.
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Québec, Canada.
| | - Marie-Ève Major
- Département de kinanthropologie, Faculté des sciences de l'activité physique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie Lederer
- Département des Relations industrielles, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, Québec, Canada
| | - Claude Vincent
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Québec, Canada
- Département de réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Lamontagne
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Québec, Canada
- Département de réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrée-Anne Drolet
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Québec, Canada
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Wilson N, Cale L, Casey A. "Instead of Being on a Screen You Can Be More Out There and Enjoy Your Life": Young People's Understandings of Physical Activity for Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105880. [PMID: 37239606 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite documented evidence of the benefits of leading a physically active life, it is reported that less than half of young people in Europe meet the physical activity recommendations. Schools, and in particular physical education (PE), are viewed to be at the forefront of addressing inactive lifestyles and educating young people about physical activity. Nonetheless, given advancements in technology, young people are increasingly exposed to physical activity information "beyond the school gates". Consequently, if PE teachers are to support young people to understand the information they receive surrounding physical activity online, then they need to be able to address any misconceptions about health they may have. METHODS In this study, fourteen young people (7 boys and 7 girls) in year 9 (13-14 years old) from two secondary schools in England participated in a digitally-based activity and semi-structured interviews which aimed to explore their conceptions of physical activity for health. RESULTS It was found that the young people had limited and narrow conceptions of what it means to be physically active. CONCLUSIONS It was suggested the findings could be partly attributed to limitations in students' learning and experiences with respect to physical activity and health in the PE curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Wilson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Lorraine Cale
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Ashley Casey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
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Kolovelonis A, Goudas M. The Effects of Cognitively Challenging Physical Activity Games versus Health-Related Fitness Activities on Students' Executive Functions and Situational Interest in Physical Education: A Group-Randomized Controlled Trial. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:796-809. [PMID: 37232698 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13050060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compared cognitively challenging physical activity games and health-related fitness activities in terms of their effects on students' executive functions and situational interest in physical education. A total of 102 fourth- and fifth-grade students (56 boys, 46 girls) participated in this study. A group-randomized controlled trial design involving an acute experiment was used. Two intact classes of students (one fourth-grade and one fifth-grade) were randomly assigned to each one of the three groups. Students in Group 1 participated in cognitively challenging physical activity games, students in Group 2 participated in activities for developing their health-related fitness, and Group 3 students were the control group without physical education. Executive functions were measured pre- and post-intervention with the design fluency test, whereas situational interest was only measured post-intervention with the situational interest scale. Group 1 students who played cognitively challenging physical activity games had increased their executive functions' scores more than the Group 2 students involved in health-related fitness activities. Students of both these groups outperformed control group students. Moreover, Group 1 students reported higher levels of instant enjoyment and total interest than Group 2 students. The results of this study suggest that cognitively challenging physical activity games can be an effective means for enhancing executive functions, and motivate students to be involved in interesting and enjoyable forms of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Kolovelonis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Marios Goudas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
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Forte P, Teixeira JE. Exercise Biomechanics for Health: Evaluating Lifelong Activities for Well-Being. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060900. [PMID: 36981557 PMCID: PMC10048551 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomechanics is a multidisciplinary study of the mechanical laws and principles that govern human movement and the functioning of biological systems [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Forte
- CI-ISCE, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic of Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - José E Teixeira
- Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic of Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health, and Human Development, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
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Arabzadeh E, Ebrahimi S, Gholami M, Moiniafshari K, Sohrabi A, Armannia F, Shahba M. The relationship between physical activity pre COVID-19 pandemic with mental health, depression, and anxiety in COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37360976 PMCID: PMC10017344 DOI: 10.1007/s11332-023-01056-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Covid-19 pandemic has gained a growing trend and affected mental health in several aspects. Physical activity guidelines was strongly associated with a reduced risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes among infected adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between physical activity pre COVID-19 pandemic with mental health, depression, and anxiety in COVID-19 patients. Methods 206 hospitalized patients diagnosed with covid-19 (140 male and 66 female, aged 34.5 ± 12) were selected and completed physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and hospital anxiety and depression questionnaire (HADS). For physical activity status assessment, a self-completed IPAQ questionnaire was taken and patients were divided into: (1) low active, (2) moderate active and (3) high active groups according to their physical activity experience. One-way ANOVA test was recruited and Tukey post hoc test was taken to assess difference among means. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the association between physical activity level and mental health status (p < 0.05). Results The results from this study showed that anxiety and depression was significantly higher in low active patients (p = 0.001) and there was a negative correlation between physical activity level and HADS (p = 0.001). However, patients with high physical activity pre COVID-19 pandemic have a lowest levels of anxiety and depression compare to other groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion It seems that adequate physical activity as a part of a healthy lifestyle may have a beneficial effect on mental health during the current outbreak of covid-19. Therefore, it is suggested that we perform exercise training every day to preconditioning effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Arabzadeh
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Ebrahimi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Gholami
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Moiniafshari
- Food and Health group, Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Ashkan Sohrabi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature, Humanities and Social Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Armannia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Shahba
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Gurung J, Turner J, Freeman E, Coleman C, Iacovou S, Hemingway S. An Evaluation of MINDFIT—A Student Therapeutic Running Group as a Multi-Layered Intervention in the United Kingdom. NURSING REPORTS 2023; 13:456-469. [PMID: 36976694 PMCID: PMC10051555 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep13010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mental health is an ever-increasing concern for UK Universities and is underreported. Creative and dynamic approaches to tackle student wellbeing are important. In 2018, Sheffield Hallam University (SHU) Student Wellbeing Service initiated a pilot study of a therapeutic running programme ‘MINDFIT’ that combined physical activity, led by a counsellor, alongside a psychoeducation approach to support student mental health. Methods: Mixed methods were used which included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), evaluating low mood and depression, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7), evaluating levels of anxiety. Results: A total of 28 students were triaged onto a weekly programme over three semesters. Overall, 86% of the participants completed the programme. A promising reduction in the scores for PHQ-9 and GAD-7 was found at the end of the programme. Focus groups, with student participants, were held to gather qualitative data for analysis. After thematic analysis, three main themes emerged: “Creating a safe community”, “Making progress” and “Pathways to success”. Conclusions: MINDFIT was an effective and engaging multi-layered therapeutic approach. Recommendations identified the importance and effectiveness of the triage process in recruiting students and sustainability of the programme through the continued engagement of students post programme. More research is required to identify the long-term effects of the MINDFIT approach and how applicable it is to higher education contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gurung
- Student Wellbeing Service, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - James Turner
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Human Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Collegiate Campus, Sheffield S10 2BQ, UK
| | - Elizabeth Freeman
- Department of Psychology, Sociology and Politics, College of Sciences and Arts, Sheffield Hallam University, Heart of the Building, Collegiate Campus, Sheffield S10 2BQ, UK
| | - Charlotte Coleman
- Department of Psychology, Sociology and Politics, College of Sciences and Arts, Sheffield Hallam University, Heart of the Building, Collegiate Campus, Sheffield S10 2BQ, UK
| | - Susan Iacovou
- Department of Life Sciences, Psychology, Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Steve Hemingway
- Department of Health and Human Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate Campus, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
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Moustaka E, Bacopoulou F, Manousou K, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Chrousos GP, Darviri C. Educational Stress among Greek Adolescents: Associations between Individual, Study and School-Related Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4692. [PMID: 36981604 PMCID: PMC10048415 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Greek adolescent students experience high levels of educational stress during the school period. In this cross-sectional study, we examined various factors associated with educational stress in Greece. The study was conducted using a self-report questionnaire survey in Athens, Greece, between November 2021 and April 2022. We studied a sample of 399 students (61.9% females; 38.1% males, with a mean age of 16.3 years). We found that several factors, such as age, sex, study hours, and health status of the adolescents, were associated with the subscales of the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA), Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Older age, female sex, family status, parental profession, and the number of study hours were positively associated with the amount of stress, anxiety and dysphoria-related symptoms reported by the students, including pressure from studying, worry about grades, and despondency. Future research studies are needed to aid specialized interventions for adolescent students to effectively deal with their academic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Moustaka
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Manousou
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Thivon & Papadiamantopoulou St., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George P. Chrousos
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Darviri
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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The Relationship between Psychological Stress and Emotional State in Chinese University Students during COVID-19: The Moderating Role of Physical Exercise. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11050695. [PMID: 36900700 PMCID: PMC10001233 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between psychological stress and the emotional state of Chinese college students and the moderating effect of physical exercise. METHODS Students in a university in Jiangsu Province were randomly selected for the survey, and questionnaires were administered using the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Profile of Mood States, and the Chinese College Student Psychological Stress Scale. A total of 715 questionnaires were distributed, and 494 valid questionnaires were returned. Among the students, there were 208 (42.1%) males and 286 (57.9%) females, with a mean age of 19.27 years (SD = 1.06). RESULTS We found a significant negative correlation between physical exercise and psychological stress (r = -0.637, p < 0.001); a significant negative correlation between physical exercise and emotional state (r = -0.032, p < 0.001); and a significant positive correlation between psychological stress and emotional state (r = 0.51, p < 0.001). Physical exercise negatively moderates the relationship between psychological stress and emotional state (B = -0.012, p < 0.01, ΔR2 = 0.007). CONCLUSION Physical exercise is negatively correlated with both emotional state and psychological stress. Physical exercise can reduce the influence of psychological stress on emotional state and promote emotional health.
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Zhang H, Xu Z. The correlation between physical inactivity and students' health based on data mining and related influencing factors. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:6735-6750. [PMID: 37161126 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The sedentary behavior among college students has become one of the most important factors affecting the development of physical and mental health. Chronic lack of physical activity may lead to health problems such as decreased physical fitness, and increased psychological disorders. In the post-epidemic era, it is necessary for college students to have a strong immune system, and a strong body cannot be achieved without regular leisure physical activity. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the relationship between relevant health factors and physical activity. This paper presents an optimized COM-B model. And the experimental results show that the optimized model is well applied in describing the current situation of physical activity participation among college students, analyzing the distribution characteristics of socio-demographic variables related to physical activity, and exploring the correlation between physical activity and the subhealth status of college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanying Zhang
- College of Sports and Arts, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongqiu Xu
- College of Sports and Arts, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, Guangdong, China
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Moustaka E, Bacopoulou F, Manousou K, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Chrousos GP, Darviri C. Reliability and Validity of the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA) in a Sample of Greek Students. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020292. [PMID: 36832421 PMCID: PMC9955121 DOI: 10.3390/children10020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This research outlines the initial validation of a new instrument to quantify academic stress, the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA). A total of 399 students (61.9% females, 38.1% males), with a mean age of 16.3 years, participated in the research protocol. Cronbach's α for the total 16-item ESSA scale was 0.878, suggesting good reliability. Cronbach's α for each one of the five components were statistically positively significant. The Greek version of the Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA) can be utilized as a valid tool to measure the perceived educational stress in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Moustaka
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Bacopoulou
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Manousou
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Thivon & Papadiamantopoulou St., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George P. Chrousos
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Precision Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Christina Darviri
- Postgraduate Course of Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, University of Athens, Soranou Ephessiou Str. 4, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Ahmed A, Aziz S, Alzubaidi M, Schneider J, Irshaidat S, Abu Serhan H, Abd-Alrazaq AA, Solaiman B, Househ M. Wearable devices for anxiety & depression: A scoping review. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE UPDATE 2023; 3:100095. [PMID: 36743720 PMCID: PMC9884643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpbup.2023.100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The rates of mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression are at an all-time high especially since the onset of COVID-19, and the need for readily available digital health care solutions has never been greater. Wearable devices have increasingly incorporated sensors that were previously reserved for hospital settings. The availability of wearable device features that address anxiety and depression is still in its infancy, but consumers will soon have the potential to self-monitor moods and behaviors using everyday commercially-available devices. Objective This study aims to explore the features of wearable devices that can be used for monitoring anxiety and depression. Methods Six bibliographic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and Google Scholar were used as search engines for this review. Two independent reviewers performed study selection and data extraction, while two other reviewers justified the cross-checking of extracted data. A narrative approach for synthesizing the data was utilized. Results From 2408 initial results, 58 studies were assessed and highlighted according to our inclusion criteria. Wrist-worn devices were identified in the bulk of our studies (n = 42 or 71%). For the identification of anxiety and depression, we reported 26 methods for assessing mood, with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory being the joint most common along with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (n = 8 or 14%). Finally, n = 26 or 46% of studies highlighted the smartphone as a wearable device host device. Conclusion The emergence of affordable, consumer-grade biosensors offers the potential for new approaches to support mental health therapies for illnesses such as anxiety and depression. We believe that purposefully-designed wearable devices that combine the expertise of technologists and clinical experts can play a key role in self-care monitoring and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arfan Ahmed
- AI Center for Precision Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sarah Aziz
- AI Center for Precision Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mahmood Alzubaidi
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jens Schneider
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Alaa A Abd-Alrazaq
- AI Center for Precision Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Barry Solaiman
- College of Law, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mowafa Househ
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Firoozjah MH, Homayouni A, Nazari S, Pourazar M. Effect of motor skills development on psychological and social traits of students of mazandaran province during the covid-19 pandemics. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2023; 19:301-308. [PMID: 35822178 PMCID: PMC9263812 DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00962-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the covid 19 pandemics are challenging all students. The present study aimed to investigate whether motor skill development affects students' psychological and social traits during the covid 19 pandemics. The present study's population consisted of all students aged 9-17 years in the three grades of the elementary, middle, and high school in Mazandaran province in the academic year 2020-2021, which corresponded to approximately 534 thousand students. We used a simple random sampling to determine the sample size because Iranian schools were closed. In this study, we selected 15 individuals for each of the experimental and control groups. Due to some students dropping out or leaving the practice, the samples comprised 42 girls and 45 boys in the control group and 41 girls and 43 boys in the experimental group. To collect data, we used the Standard Student Social Skills Questionnaire by Garsham and Elliott (1990), Cooper-Smith Self-Esteem Questionnaire, and Children's Depression Scale Short Form (CDS-A). We conducted the experimental group for 36 sessions, i.e., three months and three sessions per week, and each session lasted 30-45 min, depending on the quarantine conditions on the 19th day. To analyze the data, we used a two-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe post hoc test. The results showed that all groups had lower scores in psychological traits than those in the pretest. However, no significant difference was found between groups (P. < 0.05), and this effect was not significant in social traits (05/0 < P.). We also suggest that school principals and health care professionals use this study to design guidelines for creating a healthy environment and developing health-oriented educational programs to improve students' quality of life and health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Homayouni
- Department of Psychology, Bandargaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandargaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Nazari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Morteza Pourazar
- Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
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Asante DO, Osei F, Abdul-Samed F, Nanevie VD. Knowledge and participation in exercise and physical activity among pregnant women in Ho, Ghana. Front Public Health 2022; 10:927191. [PMID: 36466468 PMCID: PMC9709326 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.927191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) and exercise have been identified to improve the general fitness and health. Although, the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) has been validated for use in assessing PA in pregnant women. However, understanding the knowledge and participation levels of PA in pregnant women in the underdeveloped regions of Ghana is of clinical relevance to foster education and promotion of PA. In Ghana, pregnant women believe the "myth" (mostly in rural areas and underdeveloped regions) that exercising in the first trimester might lead to miscarriage. Thus, the main objective of this study was to investigate the extent of knowledge and participation levels in PA among pregnant women in Ho, Ghana using a self-developed questionnaire which consisted of some questions adapted from the PPAQ. Methods Seventy-seven (n = 77) pregnant women between the ages of 18-50 years were recruited from three hospitals across the Ho municipality of Ghana. A self-developed questionnaire which consisted of some questions taken from the PPAQ was administered to participants under the researchers' supervision. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to find the association between the level of participation in PA, knowledge of PA and gestational age among pregnant women. Results From the total participants (n = 77) recruited, 57 (74%) of the participants scored high in PA knowledge. Most of the participants 48 (62.3%) answered that PA promotes healthy pregnancy. Participants who reported barriers to PA during pregnancy were no exercise habits 51 (66.2%), having no time 17 (22.1%) and fear of miscarriage 9 (11.7%). There was a significant (p < 0.05) association between the level of participation and gestational age. No significant (p > 0.05) association between the level of participation and knowledge of PA was observed. Conclusion There is a high level of knowledge of PA among pregnant women in Ho, Ghana. However, most pregnant women rather engage in PA as their gestational age increases. Thus, to foster sustainable exercise participation during pregnancy, all healthcare providers saddled with the responsibility of providing maternal healthcare must strengthen the education and promotion of exercise and PA among pregnant women in Ho, Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drusilla Obenewaa Asante
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medical Sciences, School of Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Health and Allied Science, Ho, Ghana,*Correspondence: Drusilla Obenewaa Asante
| | - Francis Osei
- Medical Sociology and Psychobiology, Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fridaus Abdul-Samed
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medical Sciences, School of Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Health and Allied Science, Ho, Ghana
| | - Victoria Dzifa Nanevie
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medical Sciences, School of Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Health and Allied Science, Ho, Ghana
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