1
|
Kojima K, Lin L, Petley L, Clevenger N, Perdew A, Bodik M, Blankenship CM, Motlagh Zadeh L, Hunter LL, Moore DR. Childhood Listening and Associated Cognitive Difficulties Persist Into Adolescence. Ear Hear 2024; 45:1252-1263. [PMID: 38764146 PMCID: PMC11333188 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Listening difficulty (LiD) refers to the challenges individuals face when trying to hear and comprehend speech and other sounds. LiD can arise from various sources, such as hearing sensitivity, language comprehension, cognitive function, or auditory processing. Although some children with LiD have hearing loss, many have clinically normal audiometric thresholds. To determine the impact of hearing and cognitive factors on LiD in children with a clinically normal audiogram, we conducted a longitudinal study. The Evaluation of Children's Listening & Processing Skills (ECLiPS), a validated and standardized caregiver evaluation tool, was used to group participants as either LiD or typically developing (TD). Our previous study aimed to characterize LiD in 6- to 13-year-old children during the project's baseline, cross-sectional phase. We found that children with LiD needed a higher signal-to-noise ratio during speech-in-speech tests and scored lower on all assessed components of the NIH Cognition Toolbox than TD children. The primary goal of this study was to examine if the differences between LiD and TD groups are temporary or enduring throughout childhood. DESIGN This longitudinal study had three data collection waves for children with LiD and TD aged 6 to 13 years at Wave 1, followed by assessments at 2-year (Wave 2) and 4-year (Wave 3) intervals. Primary analysis focused on data from Waves 1 and 2. Secondary analysis encompassed all three waves despite high attrition at Wave 3. Caregivers completed the ECLiPS, while participants completed the Listening in Spatialized Noise-Sentences (LiSN-S) test and the NIH-Toolbox Cognition Battery during each wave. The analysis consisted of (1) examining longitudinal differences between TD and LiD groups in demographics, listening, auditory, and cognitive function; (2) identifying functional domains contributing to LiD; and (3) test-retest reliability of measures across waves. Mixed-effect models were employed to analyze longitudinal data. RESULTS The study enrolled 169 participants, with 147, 100, and 31 children completing the required testing during Waves 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The mean ages at these waves were 9.5, 12.0, and 14.0 years. On average, children with LiD consistently underperformed TD children in auditory and cognitive tasks across all waves. Maternal education, auditory, and cognitive abilities independently predicted caregiver-reported listening skills. Significant correlations between Waves 1 and 2 confirmed high, long-term reliability. Secondary analysis of Wave 3 was consistent with the primary analyses of Waves 1 and 2, reinforcing the enduring nature of listening difficulties. CONCLUSION Children with LiD and clinically normal audiograms experience persistent auditory, listening, and cognitive challenges through at least adolescence. The degree of LiD can be independently predicted by maternal education, cognitive processing, and spatial listening skills. This study underscores the importance of early detection and intervention for childhood LiD and highlights the role of socioeconomic factors as contributors to these challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Kojima
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Li Lin
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lauren Petley
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Psychology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York
| | - Nathan Clevenger
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Audrey Perdew
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mark Bodik
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Chelsea M Blankenship
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lina Motlagh Zadeh
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa L Hunter
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- College of Allied Health, Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Departments of Otolaryngology and Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David R Moore
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Departments of Otolaryngology and Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu WW, Yu TH, Jou ST, Hung GY, Tang CC. Factors associated with walking performance among adolescents undergoing cancer treatment: A correlational study. J Child Health Care 2023; 27:574-586. [PMID: 35337203 DOI: 10.1177/13674935221082400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe and compare the differences in walking performance between adolescent patients in inpatient wards and outpatient units, and to identify factors that influence walking performance among adolescents receiving cancer treatment. The cross-sectional study with correlational research design recruited 32 adolescents with cancer between February 2015 and March 2017 in two teaching hospitals in Taiwan. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate regression analyses were used. Participants' age, treatment setting, and symptom distress were significantly associated with number of walking steps. All independent variables in the model together accounted for 82.1% of variance. This study addresses a gap in the existing literature to identify associated factors that affected walking performance among adolescents undergoing cancer treatment. Our findings represent a pathway toward generating knowledge to enhance well-being for this unique population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wen Wu
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Yu
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiann-Tarng Jou
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Giun-Yi Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Tang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ke Y, Zhang S, Hao Y, Liu Y. Associations between socioeconomic status and risk of obesity and overweight among Chinese children and adolescents. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:401. [PMID: 36849966 PMCID: PMC9972743 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, the threat of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents is developing quickly. It may be possible to lower the risk of obesity and overweight in children and adolescents by understanding the factors that drive these conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between SES and risk of obesity and overweight among children and adolesecnts in China's provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, and Shanghai. METHODS Chinese children and adolescents (n = 2,746; 46.3% boys) were recruited using multistage sampling. SES was measured using self-reported questionnaires, the specific indicators were parental education, perceived family wealth, and Family Affluence Scale II. Height and weight were measured and used to calculate body mass index (BMI, categorized into obesity or overweight). The definition of obesity or overweight was based on the Chinese standard "Screening for obesity and overweight among school-age children and adolescents". Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, and a Chi-square test were used to report the sample characteristics and analyse BMI differences across different sociodemographic groups. A binary logistic regression was then applied to analyse the association of SES indicators with BMI in children and adolescents. RESULTS Overall, 22.5% of children and adolescents were obese or overweight. Participants with medium and high maternal education levels were 1.48 [95% CI 1.15-1.91] and 1.47 [95% CI 1.03-2.11] times more likely to be obese/overweight. Girls with medium maternal education levels were 1.70[95% CI 1.21-2.40] times more likely to be obese/overweight. For boys, no association was observed. Junior middle school students with medium maternal education levels were 1.51[95% CI 1.10-2.07] times more likely to be obese/overweight. Participants with medium or high FAS, perceived family wealth, or paternal education levels were not associated with obesity/overweight. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicated a positive association between SES and risk of overweight/obesity in girls, suggesting that maternal education level may have a substantial impact on future prevention efforts for these conditions in girls. To increase the effectiveness of interventions, longitudinal studies are necessary to better understand the causal association between SES and obesity/overweight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Ke
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shikun Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueran Hao
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
MACHADO-RODRIGUES AM, RODRIGUES D, GAMA A, NOGUEIRA H, SILVA MR, MASCARENHAS LP, PADEZ C. Pediatric lifestyle and risk of obesity: the role of sedentary behaviour, daily physical activity, and eating patterns in 7-9 years-old children. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2023. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.22.04821-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
|
5
|
Correlates of Sedentary Time Among Children and Adolescents in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2023; 35:15-22. [PMID: 35894895 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2021-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the correlates of sedentary time among children and adolescents in Ethiopia. METHODS The study was conducted in representative samples of children and adolescents in the capital city of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine associations of sedentary time and predictor variables. RESULTS The mean sedentary time was 4.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.35-4.86) hours per day. Overall, the prevalence of high sedentary time (>3 h/d) was 68.2% (95% CI, 64.2-72.2). Results of multivariable logistic regression analyses showed a statistically significant association between high sedentary time and female household head (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32-0.80), literate mothers (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI, 1.26-3.11), child attending public school (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI, 1.12-2.85), children who belonged to the poor and rich household wealth tertiles compared with medium wealth tertile (AOR = 2.30; 95% CI, 1.42-3.72 and AOR = 2.04; 95% CI, 1.14-3.65, respectively), and those families that did not have adequate indoor play space for children (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29-0.72). CONCLUSION The study found that time spent sedentary was high in the study area as compared with other studies of similar settings. Several modifiable factors were identified that can be targeted in interventions to reduce sedentary time in the study setting.
Collapse
|
6
|
Van Pee T, Hogervorst J, Dockx Y, Witters K, Thijs S, Wang C, Bongaerts E, Van Hamme JD, Vangronsveld J, Ameloot M, Raes J, Nawrot TS. Accumulation of Black Carbon Particles in Placenta, Cord Blood, and Childhood Urine in Association with the Intestinal Microbiome Diversity and Composition in Four- to Six-Year-Old Children in the ENVIR ONAGE Birth Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:17010. [PMID: 36719212 PMCID: PMC9888258 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome plays an essential role in human health. Despite the link between air pollution exposure and various diseases, its association with the gut microbiome during susceptible life periods remains scarce. OBJECTIVES In this study, we examined the association between black carbon particles quantified in prenatal and postnatal biological matrices and bacterial richness and diversity measures, and bacterial families. METHODS A total of 85 stool samples were collected from 4- to 6-y-old children enrolled in the ENVIRonmental influence ON early AGEing birth cohort. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to calculate bacterial richness and diversity indices (Chao1 richness, Shannon diversity, and Simpson diversity) and the relative abundance of bacterial families. Black carbon particles were quantified via white light generation under femtosecond pulsed laser illumination in placental tissue and cord blood, employed as prenatal exposure biomarkers, and in urine, used as a post-natal exposure biomarker. We used robust multivariable-adjusted linear models to examine the associations between quantified black carbon loads and measures of richness (Chao1 index) and diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices), adjusting for parity, season of delivery, sequencing batch, age, sex, weight and height of the child, and maternal education. Additionally, we performed a differential relative abundance analysis of bacterial families with a correction for sampling fraction bias. Results are expressed as percentage difference for a doubling in black carbon loads with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Two diversity indices were negatively associated with placental black carbon [Shannon: -4.38% (95% CI: -8.31%, -0.28%); Simpson: -0.90% (95% CI: -1.76%, -0.04%)], cord blood black carbon [Shannon: -3.38% (95% CI: -5.66%, -0.84%); Simpson: -0.91 (95% CI: -1.66%, -0.16%)], and urinary black carbon [Shannon: -3.39% (95% CI: -5.77%, -0.94%); Simpson: -0.89% (95% CI: -1.37%, -0.40%)]. The explained variance of black carbon on the above indices varied from 6.1% to 16.6%. No statistically significant associations were found between black carbon load and the Chao1 richness index. After multiple testing correction, placental black carbon was negatively associated with relative abundance of the bacterial families Defluviitaleaceae and Marinifilaceae, and urinary black carbon with Christensenellaceae and Coriobacteriaceae; associations with cord blood black carbon were not statistically significant after correction. CONCLUSION Black carbon particles quantified in prenatal and postnatal biological matrices were associated with the composition and diversity of the childhood intestinal microbiome. These findings address the influential role of exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and early life in human health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11257.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thessa Van Pee
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Janneke Hogervorst
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Katrien Witters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sofie Thijs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Congrong Wang
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Eva Bongaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jonathan D Van Hamme
- Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Instituut, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pearson N, Griffiths P, van Sluijs E, Atkin AJ, Khunti K, Sherar LB. Associations between socioeconomic position and young people's physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the UK: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e051736. [PMID: 35501089 PMCID: PMC9062792 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the evidence on the associations between socioeconomic position and young people's physical activity and sedentary behaviours in the UK. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published up to and including January 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Observational studies in children and adolescents (aged 5-18 years) from the UK that had assessed associations between at least one indicator of socioeconomic position and at least one outcome of physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data were extracted by one reviewer and 20% were double checked. Indicators of socioeconomic position were tabulated with domains of physical activity and sedentary behaviour. RESULTS Fifty-seven publications were included in the review; 37 publications from 19 studies (k=23) of children and 21 publications from 15 studies (k=23) of adolescents. Most studies were cross-sectional. 63% of studies of children, and 40% of studies of adolescents assessed Index of Multiple Deprivation. Eighteen studies measured physical activity in children, 13 measured sedentary behaviour. Eleven studies of adolescents included a measure of physical activity, 10 included a measure of sedentary behaviour. Among children and adolescents, the association between socioeconomic position and measures of either physical activity or sedentary behaviour was highly variable depending on the measure of both socioeconomic position used and the behavioural outcome, with the exception of higher family affluence which was consistently associated with higher reported physical activity among adolescents. CONCLUSION Physical activity and sedentary behaviours of children and adolescents in the UK are complex and influenced by multiple indicators of socioeconomic position that are, in most cases, different across age stages, outcomes examined and measurement tools. Greater consistency in the use and measures of socioeconomic position as well as outcomes of behaviour are required for robust country-specific meta-analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Pearson
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Paula Griffiths
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Andrew J Atkin
- School of Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Lauren B Sherar
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Souza ELD, Ferreira VLDR, Waldman EA, Sato APS. Effect of a conditional cash transfer programme on infant up-to-date and timely vaccination. J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:685-693. [PMID: 35315789 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2021-217964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes are one of the strategies to increase vaccination coverage among underprivileged families by conditioning cash transfer to the up-to-date immunisation of children. However, there are gaps in knowledge of its impact on vaccination at the recommended age (timely). METHODS We performed two cross-sectional analyses of secondary data from a retrospective cohort, at the landmark ages of 12 and 24 months, to assess the effect of the Brazilian CCT on the up-to-date and timely vaccination in children born between 2014 and 2016 and resident in the city of Araraquara, São Paulo (Southeast Brazil). The Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to balance two pre-defined groups (beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries) according to the profile of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. RESULTS From a total of 7386 children within the cohort, 22.2% (1636) were from beneficiary families of the CCT. After the pairing by PSM, the final sample size included in the analyses was 1440 for each group. We found higher up-to-date vaccination coverage, at 12 (92.1%, 95% CI=90.6% to 93.5%) and 24 months (83.8%, 95% CI=81.8% to 85.7%), among the CCT beneficiaries compared with the non-beneficiaries (85.1%, 95% CI=83.2% to 86.9% at 12 months and 73.6%, 95% CI=71.2% to 75.8% at 24 months). The coverage of timely vaccination did not statistically differ between beneficiaries (41.5%, 95% CI=38.9% to 44.1% and 17.4%, 95% CI=15.4% to 19.4%) and non-beneficiaries (40.7%, 95% CI=38.1% to 43.3% and 17.1%, 95% CI=15.2% to 19.1%) at 12 and 24 months, respectively. CONCLUSION The study highlights a positive effect of the CCT on vaccination coverage of the up-to-date infant vaccination schedule. However, there was no difference in timely vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Lima de Souza
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil .,Center for Studies, Research and Practice in PHC and Health Care Network (CEPPAR), Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alliott O, Ryan M, Fairbrother H, van Sluijs E. Do adolescents' experiences of the barriers to and facilitators of physical activity differ by socioeconomic position? A systematic review of qualitative evidence. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13374. [PMID: 34713548 PMCID: PMC7613938 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to systematically identify and synthesize qualitative data on adolescents' experiences of the barriers to and facilitators of physical activity to understand whether these differ by socioeconomic position. Multiple databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, and ERIC) were searched in August 2020. Duplicate title/abstract and full text screening was conducted. Studies were included if they reported qualitative data collected from adolescents (aged 10-19), a measure of socioeconomic position and focused on physical activity. Studies not published in English or published before 2000 were excluded. Relevant data were extracted and methodological quality assessed (in duplicate). Data were analyzed using Thomas and Harden's methods for the thematic synthesis. Four analytical themes emerged from the 25 included studies: (1) social support, (2) accessibility and the environment, (3) other behaviors and health, and (4) gendered experiences. These themes appeared across socioeconomic groups; however, their narratives varied significantly. For example, provision and access to local facilities was discussed as a facilitator to middle and high socioeconomic adolescents, but was a barrier to low socioeconomic adolescents. These findings can be used to inform how different socioeconomic groups may benefit from, or be disadvantaged by, current interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Alliott
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mairead Ryan
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Esther van Sluijs
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tan JLK, Ylä-Kojola AM, Eriksson JG, Salonen MK, Wasenius N, Hart NH, Chivers P, Rantalainen T, Lano A, Piitulainen H. Effect of Childhood Developmental Coordination Disorder on Adulthood Physical Activity; Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022; 32:1050-1063. [PMID: 35178792 PMCID: PMC9306991 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Individuals at risk of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have low levels of physical activity in childhood due to impaired motor competence; however, physical activity levels in adulthood have not been established. This study sought to determine the impact of DCD risk on physical activity levels in adults using accelerometry measurement. Participants (n = 656) from the Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study cohort had their motor competence assessed at the age of five years, and their physical activity quantified via device assessment at the age of 25 years. Between group differences were assessed to differentiate physical activity measures for individuals based on DCD risk status, with general linear modeling performed to control for the effects of sex, body mass index (BMI), and maternal education. Participants at risk of DCD were found to have a lower total number of steps (d = 0.3, p = 0.022) than those not at risk. Statistical modeling indicated that DCD risk status increased time spent in sedentary light activity (β = 0.1, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.3, p = 0.026) and decreased time spent in vigorous physical activity via interaction with BMI (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.1, p = 0.025). Sensitivity analysis found that visuomotor impairment did not significantly impact physical activity but did increase the role of DCD risk status in some models. This 20‐year‐longitudinal study indicated that DCD risk status continues to negatively impact on levels of physical activity into early adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn L K Tan
- School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Anna-Mari Ylä-Kojola
- Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*Star, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Minna K Salonen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Unit of Chronic Disease Prevention, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Niko Wasenius
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nicolas H Hart
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paola Chivers
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Western Australian Bone Research Collaboration, Perth, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Aulikki Lano
- Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Piitulainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Prospective Association of Maternal Educational Level with Child's Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Diet Quality. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010160. [PMID: 35011035 PMCID: PMC8747409 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has identified unhealthy lifestyle behaviors as the main contributors to obesity in children, so it is essential to identify factors that could influence children’s lifestyles. The objective of the present study was to analyze the association of baseline maternal educational level with child’s physical activity, screen time, and dietary habits at follow-up. This community-based cohort study was carried out between 2012 and 2014 and included 1405 children aged 8 to 10 years old. Maternal educational level was used as an indicator of child’s socioeconomic status. Physical activity, screen time, and dietary habits were assessed by validated questionnaires. The odds of having commercially baked goods for breakfast [OR 1.47 (95% CI 1.03 to 2.10)], going more than once a week to a fast-food restaurant [OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.20 to 2.26)], and taking sweets and candys several times a day [OR 3.23 (95% CI 2.14 to 4.87) were significantly higher among children whose mothers had a lower educational level compared to their peers whose mothers had a higher level. These associations held for taking sweets and candy several times a day after additional adjustment for the corresponding dietary behavior at baseline. Maternal educational level was inversely associated (p < 0.001) with child’s screen time at follow up and being in the lowest maternal educational category was associated with an increased odds of surpassing the maximum recommended time of screen time of 120 min per day (OR (95% CI) 1.43 (1.07 to 1.90), p = 0.016). Maternal education is a predictor for unhealthy dietary habits and high screen time in children.
Collapse
|
12
|
Musić Milanović S, Buoncristiano M, Križan H, Rathmes G, Williams J, Hyska J, Duleva V, Zamrazilová H, Hejgaard T, Jørgensen MB, Salanave B, Shengelia L, Kelleher CC, Spinelli A, Nardone P, Abdrakhmanova S, Usupova Z, Pudule I, Petrauskiene A, Farrugia Sant'Angelo V, Kujundžić E, Fijałkowska A, Rito AI, Cucu A, Brinduse LA, Peterkova V, Gualtieri A, García-Solano M, Gutiérrez-González E, Boymatova K, Yardim MS, Tanrygulyyeva M, Melkumova M, Weghuber D, Nurk E, Mäki P, Bergh IH, Ostojic SM, Russell Jonsson K, Spiroski I, Rutter H, Ahrens W, Rakovac I, Whiting S, Breda J. Socioeconomic disparities in physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep patterns among 6- to 9-year-old children from 24 countries in the WHO European region. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 6:e13209. [PMID: 34235843 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep are important predictors of children's health. This paper aimed to investigate socioeconomic disparities in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep across the WHO European region. This cross-sectional study used data on 124,700 children aged 6 to 9 years from 24 countries participating in the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative between 2015 and 2017. Socioeconomic status (SES) was measured through parental education, parental employment status, and family perceived wealth. Overall, results showed different patterns in socioeconomic disparities in children's movement behaviors across countries. In general, high SES children were more likely to use motorized transportation. Low SES children were less likely to participate in sports clubs and more likely to have more than 2 h/day of screen time. Children with low parental education had a 2.24 [95% CI 1.94-2.58] times higher risk of practising sports for less than 2 h/week. In the pooled analysis, SES was not significantly related to active play. The relationship between SES and sleep varied by the SES indicator used. Importantly, results showed that low SES is not always associated with a higher prevalence of "less healthy" behaviors. There is a great diversity in SES patterns across countries which supports the need for country-specific, targeted public health interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Musić Milanović
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marta Buoncristiano
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Helena Križan
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Giulia Rathmes
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Julianne Williams
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jolanda Hyska
- Nutrition and Food Safety Sector, Institute of Public Health, Tirana, Albania
| | - Vesselka Duleva
- Department Food and Nutrition, National Centre of Public Health and Analyses, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hana Zamrazilová
- Obesity Management Centre, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tatjana Hejgaard
- Health Promotion and Inequality, Danish Health Authority, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Benoît Salanave
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Traumatisms, Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France.,Nutritional Surveillance and Epidemiology Team (ESEN), University Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Lela Shengelia
- Maternal, Child and Reproductive Health, National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Cecily C Kelleher
- College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Angela Spinelli
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nardone
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità), Rome, Italy
| | - Shynar Abdrakhmanova
- Department of Science and Professional Development, National Center of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Kazakhstan's Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhamilya Usupova
- Republican Center for Health Promotion and Mass Communication, Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Iveta Pudule
- Department of Research and Health Statistics, Centre for Disease and Prevention Control, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ausra Petrauskiene
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Enisa Kujundžić
- Center for Health Ecology, Institute of Public Health, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Anna Fijałkowska
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana Isabel Rito
- WHO/Europe Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Childhood Obesity - Food and Nutrition Department, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Cucu
- Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Discipline of Public Health and Health Management, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,National Centre of Health Promotion and Health Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lacramioara Aurelia Brinduse
- National Centre of Health Promotion and Health Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Management, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentina Peterkova
- Institute of Paediatric Endocrinology, National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Marta García-Solano
- Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Khadichamo Boymatova
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life-Course, WHO Country Office for Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | | | - Maya Tanrygulyyeva
- Scientific Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
| | - Marina Melkumova
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Arabkir Medical Centre-Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eha Nurk
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Päivi Mäki
- Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ingunn Holden Bergh
- Department of Health and Inequality, Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sergej M Ostojic
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Kenisha Russell Jonsson
- Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Igor Spiroski
- Institute of Public Health, Skopje, North Macedonia.,Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS, Bremen, Germany.,Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ivo Rakovac
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stephen Whiting
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - João Breda
- World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
How physical activity, diet, and sedentary behavior cluster according to age in adolescents? SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00830-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
14
|
van Sluijs EMF, Ekelund U, Crochemore-Silva I, Guthold R, Ha A, Lubans D, Oyeyemi AL, Ding D, Katzmarzyk PT. Physical activity behaviours in adolescence: current evidence and opportunities for intervention. Lancet 2021; 398:429-442. [PMID: 34302767 PMCID: PMC7612669 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Young people aged 10-24 years constitute 24% of the world's population; investing in their health could yield a triple benefit-eg, today, into adulthood, and for the next generation. However, in physical activity research, this life stage is poorly understood, with the evidence dominated by research in younger adolescents (aged 10-14 years), school settings, and high-income countries. Globally, 80% of adolescents are insufficiently active, and many adolescents engage in 2 h or more daily recreational screen time. In this Series paper, we present the most up-to-date global evidence on adolescent physical activity and discuss directions for identifying potential solutions to enhance physical activity in the adolescent population. Adolescent physical inactivity probably contributes to key global health problems, including cardiometabolic and mental health disorders, but the evidence is methodologically weak. Evidence-based solutions focus on three key components of the adolescent physical activity system: supportive schools, the social and digital environment, and multipurpose urban environments. Despite an increasing volume of research focused on adolescents, there are still important knowledge gaps, and efforts to improve adolescent physical activity surveillance, research, intervention implementation, and policy development are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther M F van Sluijs
- Centre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Regina Guthold
- Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing Department, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amy Ha
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - David Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Population and Public Health Sciences, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Associations Between Household Socioeconomic Status, Car Ownership, Physical Activity, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in South African Primary Schoolchildren Living in Marginalized Communities. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:883-894. [PMID: 34172589 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known whether physical activity (PA)-promoting environments are equally accessible to children with divergent socioeconomic status (SES) in low-/middle-income countries. The authors, therefore, examined whether South African children from poorer versus wealthier families living in marginalized communities differed in moderate to vigorous PA and cardiorespiratory fitness. We also tested associations between family car ownership and PA/cardiorespiratory fitness. METHODS Parents/guardians of 908 children (49% girls, mean age = 8.3 [1.4] y) completed a survey on household SES. PA was assessed via 7-day accelerometry, parental and child self-reports, and cardiorespiratory fitness with the 20-m shuttle run test. RESULTS Based on accelerometry, most children met current moderate to vigorous PA recommendations (≥60 min/d). About 73% of the children did not engage in structured physical education lessons. Whereas children of the lowest SES quintile accumulated higher levels of device-based moderate to vigorous PA, peers from the highest SES quintile engaged in more sedentary behaviors, but self-reported higher engagement in sports, dance, and moving games after school. Families' car ownership was associated with higher parent/self-reported leisure-time PA. CONCLUSIONS A deeper understanding is needed about why wealthier children are more sedentary, but simultaneously engage in more leisure-time PA. The fact that access to structural physical education is denied to most children is critical and needs to be addressed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bekelman TA, Sauder KA, Rockette-Wagner B, Glueck DH, Dabelea D. Sociodemographic Predictors of Adherence to National Diet and Physical Activity Guidelines at Age 5 Years: The Healthy Start Study. Am J Health Promot 2021; 35:514-524. [PMID: 33118362 PMCID: PMC8276108 DOI: 10.1177/0890117120968654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess adherence to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines, and identify sociodemographic predictors of adherence among children. DESIGN Cross sectional. SETTING Colorado, United States. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 5 (n = 482). MEASURES Sex, race/ethnicity, maternal education, maternal employment, maternal subjective social status and household income were assessed via questionnaires. Diet was assessed via 2 interviewer-administered 24-hour dietary recalls. Physical activity was objectively-measured with accelerometry for 7 days. Adherence was defined as a Healthy Eating Index-2015 score of ≥70 and/or ≥6 hours/day of light, moderate and vigorous activity. ANALYSIS For each predictor, logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios for adherence to the diet guidelines only, the activity guidelines only or both guidelines. RESULTS In the full sample, 29% of children were non-adherent to both guidelines, 6% adhered to the dietary guidelines only, 50% adhered to the activity guidelines only and 14% adhered to both. Girls had a 41% lower odds of adhering to the physical activity guidelines than boys (p = 0.01), after adjustment for race/ethnicity, household income and maternal education level, perceived social status and employment status. CONCLUSION Efforts to improve the health of young children should promote adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans among all children. Targeted interventions that increase physical activity among girls may help to mitigate health disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Traci A. Bekelman
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katherine A. Sauder
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Deborah H. Glueck
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Al Yazeedi B, Berry DC, Crandell J, Waly M. Family Influence on Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Patterns in Oman. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 56:e42-e48. [PMID: 32811703 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study is to expand the understanding of the family influence on children's nutrition and physical activity patterns in Oman. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional research design was used in this study. We recruited 204 dyads (a mother with a child) conveniently. Research data were collected in public cycle one schools, nongovernmental community centers, and home visits from five provinces in Oman. Study measures included a general information survey, anthropometric measurements, electronic children and family nutrition and physical activity questionnaires, and a single-day dietary recall for children. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were used. RESULTS Children's nutrition intake was significantly associated with parental education level, family income, and family nutrition and physical activity patterns, while children's physical activity patterns were significantly associated with maternal BMI and parental education level. CONCLUSIONS Children's nutrition and physical activity patterns are associated with maternal BMI, family's sociodemographic characteristics, and family's nutrition and physical activity pattern. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Family is a key element in shaping and influencing children's lifestyle-related behaviors. School-health programs that actively involve the families hold promise in promoting children's nutrition and physical activity pattern. Future research should be directed toward understanding the moderating and mediating factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diane C Berry
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7460, United States of America.
| | - Jamie Crandell
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7460, United States of America.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nyberg G, Kjellenberg K, Fröberg A, Lindroos AK. A national survey showed low levels of physical activity in a representative sample of Swedish adolescents. Acta Paediatr 2020; 109:2342-2353. [PMID: 32266736 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time by sex, age and socioeconomic status in a large representative sample of Swedish adolescents. METHODS In this cross-sectional national survey between 2016 and 2017, students aged 11-12, 14-15 and 17-18 years from 131 schools were invited to participate. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured objectively with accelerometers for seven consecutive days. Socioeconomic status (parental education) and country of birth were self-reported in a questionnaire. Weight and height were measured by trained staff. RESULTS A total of 3477 adolescents participated in the study, and 2419 (73%) had at least 3 days of valid accelerometer data. The results showed that 43% of boys and 23% of girls reached the recommendation of 60 minutes of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Boys were more physically active than girls in all age groups. Girls with high socioeconomic status were more physically active than girls with low socioeconomic status (P < .001), and this difference was not found in boys. CONCLUSION The majority of Swedish adolescents did not reach the physical activity recommendation, and boys were more active than girls. Effective strategies to increase physical activity, especially among girls with low socioeconomic status, are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Nyberg
- Department of Global Public Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Kjellenberg
- Department of Global Public Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences Stockholm Sweden
| | - Andreas Fröberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anna Karin Lindroos
- Swedish Food Agency Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Moradi G, Mostafavi F, Piroozi B, Zareie B, Mahboobi M, Rasouli MA. The prevalence of physical inactivity in Iranian adolescents and the impact of economic and social inequalities on it: results of a National Study in 2018. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1499. [PMID: 33008338 PMCID: PMC7532599 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to determine the prevalence of physical inactivity in Iranian adolescents aged 10-12 years and the impact of socioeconomic inequality on it. METHODS In this descriptive study, the study population consisted of 10-12 years old adolescents from an Iranian population from Kurdistan, Fars and Markazi provinces in 2018. The sample size was 1590 individuals. The sampling method was cluster sampling. Data was collected using demographic questionnaire, modifiable activity questionnaire (MAQ) and socioeconomic questionnaire. Cut points on the MAQ for light activity, moderate activity and heavy activity were MET< 3, MET = 3-6 and MET> 6, respectively. Linear and logistic regression were used to estimate the final model and the Oaxaca analysis method was applied. All analyses were performed in Stata/SE 14.0. RESULTS Of the 1590 participants, 52.82% were male. The results showed that 25.79% of the subjects were physically inactive and 7.30% engaged in moderate physical activity during the week. The average physical activity during 1 week was more in boys than in girls (P-value< 0.05). Adolescents of mothers with secondary and high school education were more likely to have physical inactivity than mothers with a high school diploma or higher (AOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02-1.77). The concentration index was -.11, indicating a greater concentration of physical inactivity in adolescents with low socioeconomic levels. CONCLUSION One-fourth of the study population had physical inactivity in this age group. Socioeconomic levels, parental literacy, and sex of adolescents were associated with the level of physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghobad Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Pasdaran Ave, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Farideh Mostafavi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Pasdaran Ave, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Bakhtiar Piroozi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Pasdaran Ave, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Bushra Zareie
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Pasdaran Ave, Sanandaj, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Kowsar Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mahboobi
- Center for Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aziz Rasouli
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Pasdaran Ave, Sanandaj, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Kowsar Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Button BLG, Shah TI, Clark AF, Wilk P, Gilliland JA. Examining weather-related factors on physical activity levels of children from rural communities. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 112:107-114. [PMID: 32661935 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the influence of weather on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and light physical activity (LPA) levels of children aged 8-14 years from rural communities, an understudied Canadian population. METHODS Children (n = 90) from four communities in rural Northwestern Ontario participated in this study between September and December 2016. Children's MVPA and LPA were measured using an Actical accelerometer and demographic data were gathered from surveys of children and their parents. Weather data were collected from the closest weather station. Cross-classified regression models were used to assess the relationship between weather and children's MVPA and LPA. RESULTS Boys accumulated more MVPA than girls (b = 26.38, p < 0.01), children were more active on weekdays as compared with weekends (b = - 16.23, p < 0.01), children were less active on days with precipitation (b = - 22.88, p < 0.01), and higher temperature led to a significant increase in MVPA (b = 1.33, p < 0.01). As children aged, they accumulated less LPA (b = - 9.36, p < 0.01) and children who perceived they had higher levels of physical functioning got more LPA (b = 25.18, p = 0.02). Similar to MVPA, children had higher levels of LPA on weekdays (b = - 37.24, p < 0.01) as compared to weekend days and children accumulated less LPA (b = -50.01, p < 0.01) on days with rain. CONCLUSION The study findings indicate that weather influences rural children's MVPA and LPA. Future research is necessary to incorporate these findings into interventions to increase rural children's overall PA levels and improve their overall health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenton L G Button
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Geography, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tayyab I Shah
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Geography, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew F Clark
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Geography, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Piotr Wilk
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason A Gilliland
- Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Geography, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Paediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. .,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada. .,School of Health Studies, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of accelerometer measured physical activity levels of school-going children in Kampala city, Uganda. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235211. [PMID: 32645010 PMCID: PMC7347200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current international physical activity guidelines for health recommend children to engage in at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily. Yet, accurate prevalence estimates of physical activity levels of children are unavailable in many African countries due to the dearth of accelerometer-measured physical activity data. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic correlates of accelerometer-measured physical activity among school-going children in Kampala city, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used to recruit a sample of 10–12 years old school-going children (n = 256) from 7 primary schools (3 public schools and 4 private schools) in Kampala city, Uganda. Sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) and vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) were measured by accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+ [Pensacola, Florida, USA]) over a seven-day period. Socio-demographic factors were assessed by a parent/guardian questionnaire. Weight status was generated from objectively measured height and weight and computed as body mass index (BMI). Multi-level logistic regressions identified socio-demographic factors that were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. Results Children’s sedentary time was 9.8±2.1 hours/day and MVPA was 56±25.7 minutes/day. Only 36.3% of the children (38.9% boys, 34.3% girls) met the physical activity guidelines. Boys, thin/normal weight and public school children had significantly higher mean daily MVPA levels. Socio-demographic factors associated with odds of meeting physical activity guidelines were younger age (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.55–0.84), thin/normal weight status (OR = 4.08; 95% CI = 1.42–11.76), and socioeconomic status (SES) indicators such as lower maternal level of education (OR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.84–3.21) and no family car (OR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.17–0.55). Conclusion Children spent a substantial amount of time sedentary and in LPA and less time in MVPA. Few children met the physical activity guidelines. Lower weight status, lower maternal education level and no family car were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines. Effective interventions and policies to increase physical activity among school-going children in Kampala, are urgently needed.
Collapse
|
22
|
Corder K, Sharp SJ, Jong ST, Foubister C, Brown HE, Wells EK, Armitage SM, Croxson CHD, Vignoles A, Wilkinson PO, Wilson ECF, van Sluijs EMF. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the GoActive intervention to increase physical activity among UK adolescents: A cluster randomised controlled trial. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003210. [PMID: 32701954 PMCID: PMC7377379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Less than 20% of adolescents globally meet recommended levels of physical activity, and not meeting these recommended levels is associated with social disadvantage and rising disease risk. The determinants of physical activity in adolescents are multilevel and poorly understood, but the school's social environment likely plays an important role. We conducted a cluster randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of a school-based programme (GoActive) to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among adolescents. METHODS AND FINDINGS Non-fee-paying, co-educational schools including Year 9 students in the UK counties of Cambridgeshire and Essex were eligible for inclusion. Within participating schools (n = 16), all Year 9 students were eligible and invited to participate. Participants were 2,862 13- to 14-year-olds (84% of eligible students). After baseline assessment, schools were computer-randomised, stratified by school-level pupil premium funding (below/above county-specific median) and county (control: 8 schools, 1,319 participants, mean [SD] participants per school n = 165 [62]; intervention: 8 schools, 1,543 participants, n = 193 [43]). Measurement staff were blinded to allocation. The iteratively developed, feasibility-tested 12-week intervention, aligned with self-determination theory, trained older adolescent mentors and in-class peer-leaders to encourage classes to conduct 2 new weekly activities. Students and classes gained points and rewards for engaging in any activity in or out of school. The primary outcome was average daily minutes of accelerometer-assessed MVPA at 10-month follow-up; a mixed-methods process evaluation evaluated implementation. Of 2,862 recruited participants (52.1% male), 2,167 (76%) attended 10-month follow-up measurements; we analysed the primary outcome for 1,874 participants (65.5%). At 10 months, there was a mean (SD) decrease in MVPA of 8.3 (19.3) minutes in the control group and 10.4 (22.7) minutes in the intervention group (baseline-adjusted difference [95% confidence interval] -1.91 minutes [-5.53 to 1.70], p = 0.316). The programme cost £13 per student compared with control; it was not cost-effective. Overall, 62.9% of students and 87.3% of mentors reported that GoActive was fun. Teachers and mentors commented that their roles in programme delivery were unclear. Implementation fidelity was low. The main methodological limitation of this study was the relatively affluent and ethnically homogeneous sample. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we observed that a rigorously developed school-based intervention was no more effective than standard school practice at preventing declines in adolescent physical activity. Interdisciplinary research is required to understand educational-setting-specific implementation challenges. School leaders and authorities should be realistic about expectations of the effect of school-based physical activity promotion strategies implemented at scale. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN31583496.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Corder
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Sharp
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie T. Jong
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Campbell Foubister
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Elizabeth Brown
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma K. Wells
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sofie M. Armitage
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline H. D. Croxson
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Vignoles
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paul O. Wilkinson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edward C. F. Wilson
- Health Economics Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Esther M. F. van Sluijs
- UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Temporal Trends of Compliance With School-Based Physical Activity Recommendations Among Spanish Children, 2011-2018. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:756-761. [PMID: 32534448 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the current physical activity (PA) recommendations, children should accumulate 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) throughout the day, 30 minutes of MVPA during the school hours, and 50% of the recess time in MVPA. Our aim was to examine the temporal trends of accelerometer-based PA during the previously mentioned day segments and the proportion of children who met the PA recommendations. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with 2 independent samples: 499 fourth graders (49.2% females) in 2011-2012 and 364 fourth graders (46.9% females) in 2017-2018. Hip-worn accelerometers were used to assess PA. RESULTS A decline in light PA, moderate PA, vigorous PA, MVPA, and total PA during whole day, and in the rate of compliance with daily MVPA recommendations in males (P < .01) was observed from 2011-2012 to 2017-2018. Females decreased their daily light PA and moderate PA (P < .05). A decline in all PA variables during school hours in both sexes (P < .05) and in the rate of compliance with the 30 minutes of MVPA recommended during school hours in males (P < .001) were observed. There were no differences in PA during recesses. CONCLUSIONS Interventions are needed to attenuate the temporal decrease in PA levels in children.
Collapse
|
24
|
Tebar WR, Canhin DS, Colognesi LA, Morano AEVA, Silva DTC, Christofaro DGD. Body dissatisfaction and its association with domains of physical activity and of sedentary behavior in a sample of 15,632 adolescents. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:539-546. [PMID: 32549167 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Body image is widely related to behavioral factors in adolescents and negative levels has been associated to poor physical and mental health. This study analyzed the association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with body dissatisfaction in adolescents. Methods Data from 15,632 adolescents between 11 and 17 years from the Brazilian National Scholar Health Survey - PeNSE 2015 were analyzed. Body dissatisfaction was self-reported. Sedentary behavior was assessed by hours in television (TV) viewing and in overall sitting behaviors. Physical activity was assessed by amount of time in domains of active commuting, physical education classes at school, and physical activities outside the school. Analyses were adjusted by age, ethnicity, body mass index, and scholarity of mother. Results Body dissatisfaction prevalence was 18.5%, being higher in girls than boys (24.2 vs. 12.7%, p < 0.001). Female gender (OR = 2.35), higher age-group (OR = 1.64), high scholarity of mother (OR = 1.43), and had overweight/obesity (OR = 2.38/4.81) were positively related to body dissatisfaction. Higher sedentary time was associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescents when compared to less than 2 h/day of sedentary time (OR varying from 1.45 to 2.14). Physical activity was negatively associated with adolescent body dissatisfaction in all assessed domains, with odds ratio varying from 0.66 to 0.89. Conclusions Body dissatisfaction showed an independent association of with total sedentary behavior (positively) and with different domains of physical activity (negatively) in a large scholar sample of Brazilian adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William R Tebar
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sao Paulo State University-UNESP, Roberto Simonsen Street, 305, 19060900, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Canhin
- Movement Sciences Post Graduation Program, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Lucas Antônio Colognesi
- Movement Sciences Post Graduation Program, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa von Ah Morano
- Movement Sciences Post Graduation Program, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Daniela T C Silva
- Post Graduation Program in Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Diego G D Christofaro
- Movement Sciences Post Graduation Program, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.,Post Graduation Program in Physiotherapy, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Omorou AY, Manneville F, Langlois J, Legrand K, Böhme P, Muller L, Guillemin F, Briançon S, Lecomte E. Physical activity rather than sedentary behaviour is socially determined in French adolescents with overweight and obesity. Prev Med 2020; 134:106043. [PMID: 32097754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Social differences in prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents, known as the weight social gradient, could be explained by differences in behaviours between social classes. This study examined the respective association of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and weight status with adolescents' socioeconomic status. We used cross-sectional data for 1935 adolescents (13-18 years old) with overweight or obesity who participated in the PRALIMAP-INÉS (PRomotion de l'ALImentation et de l'Activité Physique - INÉgalités de Santé) trial conducted in northeastern France between 2012 and 2015. Adolescents completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for PA and SB and the Family Affluence Scale for socioeconomic status. Weight status was assessed by the body mass index (BMI) and BMI z-score. Social gradient of weight status, PA and SB were described according to the Family Affluence Scale (slopes) and evidenced by the linear trend test (p). Adolescents' socioeconomic status was positively associated with PA practice (frequency, vigorous PA and leisure-time PA), but there was no association with their SB. The results confirmed a significant weight social gradient: BMI (β = 0.37, p < .0001) and BMI z-score (β = 0.07, p = .0001). The weight social gradient in adolescents was mostly associated with PA (5.7% to 8.1%) rather than SB (2.7% to 5.7%). Nearly 14% of BMI z-scores could be related to a combined PA and SB effect. PA was found an important factor of weight social gradient in adolescence. Actions aimed at preventing weight social inequalities among adolescents could include PA promotion as lever. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY AND NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01688453).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdou Y Omorou
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, University of Lorraine, CIC, Clinical Epidemiology, F-54000 Nancy, France; University of Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Johanne Langlois
- University of Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000 Nancy, France; National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Karine Legrand
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, University of Lorraine, CIC, Clinical Epidemiology, F-54000 Nancy, France; University of Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Philip Böhme
- Department of diabetology, metabolic diseases and nutrition, Nancy University Hospital, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Francis Guillemin
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, University of Lorraine, CIC, Clinical Epidemiology, F-54000 Nancy, France; University of Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Serge Briançon
- CHRU-Nancy, INSERM, University of Lorraine, CIC, Clinical Epidemiology, F-54000 Nancy, France; University of Lorraine, APEMAC, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Edith Lecomte
- National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Specific Features of the Ukrainian Urban Adolescents' Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 2020:3404285. [PMID: 32351581 PMCID: PMC7171637 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3404285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background An increase in the proportion of physically active peoples is one of the public health priorities. Particular attention should be addressed to the adolescent group with regard to their sensitivity. The purpose of our study is to determine the overall level of physical activity (PA) of urban adolescents and to evaluate its components. Methods The study included the results of a survey of 415 children aged 11–15 years from public schools in Ukraine. We have adapted the standardized questionnaire QAPACE, which allows characterizing the level of adolescent's PA by indicators: type, duration, and intensity. Results A sedentary lifestyle is typical for most Ukrainian urban adolescents. Only 30.8% of Ukrainian urban adolescents (45.4% of boys and 21.4% of girls; p < 0.001) meet the recommended level of moderate-to-vigorous PA (at least 60 minutes per day). The chances to follow the recommended moderate-to-vigorous PA are almost 5 times higher in the group of adolescents exercising at their own wish and not by parents' direction (OR = 4.96; 95% CI: 2.77–8.90; p < 0.001). Girls have a 3.0 higher chance of not adhering to recommendations for duration of PA (OR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.95–4.63). They are 2.5 times more likely to lead a sedentary lifestyle (OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.54–3.98) than boys. Conclusion The obtained results are indicative of a lack of implementation of measures to increase physical activity, which requires public attention to this problem. A search for ways to improve public policy towards optimizing adolescents' PA is still an urgent goal for scholars and practitioners. PA-promoting measures should be developed taking into account the impact of family traditions, accessibility of sports facilities, leisure, advertising, and other factors. The obtained results are the initial stage for developing the program of physical inactivity prevention.
Collapse
|
27
|
Nikolakaros G, Vahlberg T, Sillanmäki L, Sourander A. Recurrent depression in childhood and adolescence and low childhood socioeconomic status predict low cardiorespiratory fitness in early adulthood. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:782-792. [PMID: 32217260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) strongly influences health, but very little is known about the childhood determinants of adult CRF. Our longitudinal study investigated whether childhood psychopathology and socioeconomic status (SES) were related to adult CRF in 1647 Finnish male military conscripts. METHODS Childhood psychopathology was assessed at the age of eight using the Rutter and Children's Depression Inventory questionnaires. Parental education and family structure were used to assess childhood SES. In late adolescence, depressive symptoms were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory and smoking with a questionnaire. CRF in early adulthood was examined with the Cooper's 12-minute run test. RESULTS General linear models showed that low parental education (p=0.001), depressive symptoms in childhood (p=0.035) and late adolescence, smoking, underweight, and overweight/obesity (all p<0.001) independently predicted lower CRF. The interaction between depressive symptoms in childhood and adolescence was significant (p=0.003). In adolescents with depressive symptoms, childhood depressive symptoms (p=0.001) and overweight/obesity (p<0.001) predicted lower CRF. In adolescents without depressive symptoms, conduct problems in childhood predicted lower CRF in the initial models, but the effect disappeared after taking into account smoking and body mass index. Mediational analysis confirmed these results. LIMITATIONS We lacked data on physical activity and only studied males at three time-points. CONCLUSIONS Recurrent depression in childhood and adolescence and low SES in childhood predict lower adult CRF. Conduct problems in childhood predict lower CRF, but the effect is mediated by overweight/obesity and smoking. Psychiatric treatment for children and adolescents should promote physical activity, particularly for children with low SES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Nikolakaros
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland; Sleep Disorders Outpatient Clinic, Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Biostatistics, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Sillanmäki
- Research Center for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Andre Sourander
- Research Center for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland; INVEST Research Flagship, University of Turku, Finland (Principal Investigator)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Grao-Cruces A, Sánchez-Oliva D, Padilla-Moledo C, Izquierdo-Gómez R, Cabanas-Sánchez V, Castro-Piñero J. Changes in the school and non-school sedentary time in youth: The UP&DOWN longitudinal study. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:780-786. [PMID: 32131698 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1734310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were (i) to examine the sedentary time (ST) during different time periods [i.e., weekend, out-of-school weekdays hours, school hours, recess, physical education classes (PEC)] in children and adolescents; (ii) to identify 2-year longitudinal changes in the ST for these periods; and (iii) to examine if ST at baseline is associated with ST 2 years later. This was a 2-year follow-up study with 826 (51.9% boys) children and 678 (50.7% boys) adolescents. Accelerometers were used to assess ST. Students spent more than 60% of their weekend, out-of-school hours and school hours in ST. During these periods, girls and adolescents were more sedentary than boys and children, respectively (p < 0.05). Over 2-year follow-up, ST increased during the weekend, out-of-school hours, school hours and recess in all subgroups studied (p < 0.001). ST during PEC declined 2% per year in children (p < 0.001) but it increased in adolescents (p < 0.05). ST during the periods analysed at baseline was lowly associated with ST during these periods 2 years later (intraclass correlations from <0.001 to 0.364). Interventions in these settings may be adequate if the intention is to avoid ST increase in students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Grao-Cruces
- GALENO research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Oliva
- GALENO research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Spain.,Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carmen Padilla-Moledo
- GALENO research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Spain
| | - Rocío Izquierdo-Gómez
- GALENO research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Spain
| | - Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement. Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jose Castro-Piñero
- GALENO research group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nobusako S, Tsujimoto T, Sakai A, Shuto T, Furukawa E, Osumi M, Nakai A, Maeda T, Morioka S. Manual Dexterity is not Related to Media Viewing but is Related to Perceptual Bias in School-Age Children. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10020100. [PMID: 32069947 PMCID: PMC7071373 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the media can have both negative and positive effects on children’s cognitive and motor functions, its influence on their perceptual bias and manual dexterity is unclear. Thus, we investigated the association between media viewing time, media preference level, perceptual bias, and manual dexterity in 100 school-aged children. Questionnaires completed by children and their parents were used to ascertain media viewing time and preference levels. Perceptual bias and manual dexterity were measured using the visual-tactile temporal order judgment task and Movement Assessment Battery for Children—2nd edition, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between age and media viewing time and between media viewing time and media preference level. There was also a significant negative correlation between visual bias and manual dexterity. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that increasing visual bias was a significant predictor of decreasing manual dexterity. Further, children with low manual dexterity showed significant visual bias compared to those with high manual dexterity, when matched for age and gender. The present results demonstrated that, in school-aged children, although viewing media was not associated with perceptual bias and manual dexterity, there was a significant association between perceptual bias and manual dexterity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nobusako
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-745-54-1601
| | - Taeko Tsujimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nishide Clinic, Osaka 532-0002, Japan
| | - Ayami Sakai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Higashi Osaka Yamaji Hospital, Osaka 578-0925, Japan
| | - Takashi Shuto
- Department of Home-Visit Rehabilitation, Ishida Clinic, Osaka 592-0002, Japan
| | - Emi Furukawa
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| | - Michihiro Osumi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| | - Akio Nakai
- Graduate School of Clinical Education & The Center for the Study of Child Development, Institute for Education, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo 663-8558, Japan
| | - Takaki Maeda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shu Morioka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mohammed OY, Tesfahun E, Mohammed A. Magnitude of sedentary behavior and associated factors among secondary school adolescents in Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:86. [PMID: 31959154 PMCID: PMC6972001 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary life style is becoming increasingly common in this industrial age due to changes on the way people manufacture, transport and communicate. Sedentary lifestyle is associated with chronic diseases (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer), depression, obesity and premature mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of sedentary behavior. METHODS School based cross sectional study was conducted among 580 students from April 20 to May 10, 2019 in secondary schools in Debre Berhan City Administration. Sedentary behavior was measured using time spent on four activities (watching TV/Video, listening to music, surfing internet and playing games). Adolescents are considered sedentary if they spend two or more hours in one or all listed activities per day. Data was entered to Epidata version 4.2.2.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. RESULT A total of 580 (44.3% male and 55.7% female) students participated in this study. The magnitude of sedentary behavior (≥2 h per day) was 65.5% (95% CI = 61.32% - 69.08). Family monthly income greater than 8000 birr (AOR: 6.42, 95%CI = 2.18-18.78), maternal education (AOR: 5.12, 95%CI = 1.09-23.83), access to TV (AOR: 4.87, 95%CI = 1.99-11.87), access to mobile internet (AOR: 2.37, 95% CI = 1.14-4.93) and utilization of social media (AOR: 2.98, 95%CI = 1.43-6.17) were positively associated with adolescent sedentary behavior. CONCLUSION The prevalence of sedentary behavior was high among adolescents of Debre Berhan town. Therefore, schools in the town should work towards creating awareness on the wise use of screen based entertainments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osman Yimer Mohammed
- College of health Sciences, Department of Midwifery, Debre Berhan University, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia
| | - Esubalew Tesfahun
- College of health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Debre Berhan University, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia
| | - Abdurahman Mohammed
- College of health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Salway RE, Emm-Collison L, Sebire S, Thompson JL, Jago R. Associations between socioeconomic position and changes in children's screen-viewing between ages 6 and 9: a longitudinal study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027481. [PMID: 31826887 PMCID: PMC6924727 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore socioeconomic differences in screen-viewing at ages 6 and 9, and how these are related to different media uses. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING Children recruited from 57 state-funded primary schools in Southwest England, UK. PARTICIPANTS 1299 children at ages 5-6, 1223 children at ages 8-9, including 685 children at both time points. OUTCOME MEASURES Children's total screen-viewing time (parent-reported) and time spent using multiple screen devices simultaneously (multiscreen viewing), for weekdays and weekends. METHODS Negative binomial regression was used to model associations between socioeconomic variables (highest household education and area deprivation) and total screen-viewing at age 6 and the change from age 6 to 9. We additionally adjusted for child characteristics, parental influences and media devices in the home. Multiscreen viewing was analysed separately. RESULTS Household education was associated with children's screen-viewing at age 6 with lower screen-viewing in higher socioeconomic groups (21%-27% less in households with a Degree or Higher Degree, compared with General Certificate of Secondary Education: GCSE). These differences were explained by the presence of games consoles, parental limits on screen-viewing and average parent screen-viewing. Between ages 6 and 9, there were larger increases in screen-viewing for children from A level and Degree households (13% and 6%, respectively, in the week) and a decrease in Higher Degree households (16%), compared with GCSE households. Differences by household education remained when adjusting for media devices and parental factors. CONCLUSIONS Children's screen-viewing patterns differ by parental education with higher levels of viewing among children living in households with lower educational qualifications. These differences are already present at age 6, and continue at age 9. Strategies to manage child sedentary time, and particularly screen-viewing, may need to take account of the socioeconomic differences and target strategies to specific groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lydia Emm-Collison
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Simon Sebire
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Janice L Thompson
- School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Russ Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gan X, Wen X, Lu Y, Yu K. Economic Growth and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Children and Adolescents in Urban Areas: A Panel Data Analysis of 27 Provinces in China, 1985-2014. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3772. [PMID: 31597246 PMCID: PMC6801901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With rapid economic development in China, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of children and adolescents is on a decline. However, this appears to have slowed down, reaching stagnation in certain areas. However, it is unclear if the change in CRF is related to economic growth and development or not. This study describes trends in CRF of Chinese children and adolescents, and empirically tests the relationships between China's macro-economic developments and cardiorespiratory fitness of children and adolescents over the past 30 years using provincial panel data collected from one million samples. We used per capita disposable income as the economic indicator. CRF was assessed by using running tests: 50 m × 8 for boys and girls (7-12 years), 1000 m for boys (13-22 years), and 800 m for girls (13-22 years). The results show that economic growth has a U-shaped relationship with CRF of children and adolescents (both boys and girls). It appears that as incomes increased, CRF of urban male and female students in China gradually decreased to its lowest point, after which it showed an upward trend. From a horizontal perspective, it can be inferred that for low-developed provinces, increases in incomes cause a decrease in CRF levels. In contrast, for highly developed provinces, as incomes increase, CRF levels increase. This study provides the first empirical evidence of the relationship between macro-economy and CRF of youth, based on provincial panel data. The results presented here can be used to formulate health policies targeting the cardiorespiratory fitness of children and adolescents from middle-income provinces in China. This study also provides a reference for developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Gan
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Xu Wen
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
- Center for Sports Modernization and Development, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Yijuan Lu
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Kehong Yu
- Department of Sport Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
- Center for Sports Modernization and Development, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hashem R, Rey-Lόpez JP, Hamer M, McMunn A, Rowlands A, Whincup PH, Owen CG, Ding D, Powell L, Stamatakis E. Associations between objectively assessed and questionnaire-based sedentary behaviour with body mass index and systolic blood pressure in Kuwaiti adolescents. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:588. [PMID: 31533859 PMCID: PMC6751576 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Kuwait has one of the highest obesity rates in the world. This study examined the associations between sedentary behaviour (objectively measured and self-reported), adiposity and systolic blood pressure in a sample of adolescents residing in Kuwait. Data was obtained from the Study of Health and Activity among adolescents in Kuwait (2012–2013). The sample included a total of 435 adolescents (201 boys). Outcomes were age- and sex specific body mass index Z-scores and systolic blood pressure. Exposures were total sedentary behaviour measured by accelerometry and time spent in some sedentary behaviours (television viewing, video games, computer use and total screen-time). We used multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, governorate, maternal education and physical activity, to examine associations between sedentary behaviour and adiposity and systolic blood pressure. Results Only 2 statistically significant associations were found between sedentary behaviour and the study outcomes: body mass in boys was directly associated with higher sedentary time [β (95% CIs) 0.003 (0.00 to 0.06)]; body mass index was inversely associated with videogames in both sexes [girls: β (95% CIs) − 0.17 (− 0.48 to − 0.04); boys: − 0.24 (− 0.57 to − 0.12)]. In this sample of Kuwaiti adolescents, sedentary behaviour showed limited deleterious associations with adiposity and systolic blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Hashem
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Juan Pablo Rey-Lόpez
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Hamer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,School of Sport Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Anne McMunn
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alex Rowlands
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK.,Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter H Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher G Owen
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Ding Ding
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lauren Powell
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Grao-Cruces A, Segura-Jiménez V, Conde-Caveda J, García-Cervantes L, Martínez-Gómez D, Keating XD, Castro-Piñero J. The Role of School in Helping Children and Adolescents Reach the Physical Activity Recommendations: The UP&DOWN Study. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2019; 89:612-618. [PMID: 31131455 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims were to: (1) examine the levels of physical activity (PA) during different time periods (ie, daily PA, school hour PA, recess PA, physical education classes [PEC] PA) in children and adolescents; and (2) identify the rate of compliance with the specific PA recommendations for these time periods. METHODS The participants were 1925 (940 girls) children and adolescents from 40 Spanish schools. Hip-worn accelerometers were used to assess PA during different time periods. RESULTS Boys and children were more physically active and had a greater percentage meeting the daily PA recommendation and the school-based PA recommendation than girls and adolescents, respectively. Compliance with daily PA recommendation was markedly higher than that with the school-based PA recommendation, regardless of sex and age groups (ie, 80.4% vs 24.1% for daily and school-based PA recommendations, respectively, in child boys). A very low percentage (ie, 9.7% and 1.2% of child boys with almost 50% of moderate-to-vigorous PA during recess and PEC, respectively) of students reached the recommended PA levels for recess and PEC. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity levels during school hours, recess, and PEC in children and adolescents are very low. Promoting PA in school settings is essential, especially in girls and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Grao-Cruces
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avda. República Saharaui s/n, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Victor Segura-Jiménez
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avda. República Saharaui s/n, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Julio Conde-Caveda
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avda. República Saharaui s/n, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Laura García-Cervantes
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Human Movement, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Autonomous University of Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28019 Madrid, Spain
- IdiPAZ and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Avda. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Carr. de Canto Blanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xiaofen D Keating
- Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The University of Texas at Austin, 1912 Speedway STOP D5700, Austin, TX
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Avda. República Saharaui s/n, 11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Avda. Ana de Viya 21, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Feng Y, Ding L, Tang X, Wang Y, Zhou C. Association between Maternal Education and School-Age Children Weight Status: A Study from the China Health Nutrition Survey, 2011. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2543. [PMID: 31315303 PMCID: PMC6678504 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Childhood abnormal weight status is a global public health issue. This study aims to explore the association between maternal education and weight status of school-age children using the data from the China Health Nutrition Survey (CHNS), wave 2011. Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated based on children's weight and height and is divided into three levels (normal, underweight, overweight/obesity). Logistic regression is used to assess the relationship of maternal education and children weight status. The prevalence of childhood underweight and overweight/obesity are 5.9% and 21.7%, respectively. Children with high maternal education are found less likely to be underweight (technical college: Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.223, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.052-0.956, above college: OR = 0.182, 95% CI = 0.041-0.812). Children with maternal education at junior high school are of 2.170 greater odds to be overweight/obese than those with maternal education at junior high school and below (OR = 2.170, 95% CI = 1.398-3.370), and children with maternal education at technical college are of 2.397 greater odds to be overweight/obese than those with lower education level (OR = 2.397, 95% CI = 1.478-3.887), and children with maternal education at above college are of 2.146 greater odds to be overweight/obese than those with lower education level (OR = 2.146, 95% CI = 1.293-3.560). A significant association between maternal education and children's weight status is found. Targeted interventions for mothers with different education levels should be carried out to effectively manage the children's weight status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuejing Feng
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lulu Ding
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xue Tang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Rajala K, Kankaanpää A, Laine K, Itkonen H, Goodman E, Tammelin T. Associations of subjective social status with accelerometer-based physical activity and sedentary time among adolescents. J Sports Sci 2018; 37:123-130. [PMID: 29889652 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1485227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the associations of subjective social status (SSS) with physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) among adolescents. The study population consisted of 420 Finnish adolescents aged 13 to 14 years. The adolescents reported their own SSS within their school (school SSS) and their family's social position within society (society SSS) based on the youth version of the Subjective Social Status Scale. Adolescents' moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and ST were measured objectively by accelerometers and analyzed separately for the whole day and the school day. The associations between SSS and MVPA and ST outcomes were analyzed using multilevel modeling. School SSS was positively associated with whole-day MVPA and negatively associated with school-time ST. Society SSS was not significantly associated with objectively measured MVPA or ST. Both MVPA and ST are important behavioral determinants of health. As an important correlate of MVPA and ST, school SSS should be addressed by providers when discussing obesity risk and healthy behaviors with adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Rajala
- a LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Anna Kankaanpää
- a LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Kaarlo Laine
- a LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Hannu Itkonen
- b Physical Education and Social Sciences of Sport, University of Jyväskylä , Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Elizabeth Goodman
- c Department of Pediatrics , Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- a LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health , Jyväskylä , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Deng WH, Fredriksen PM. Objectively assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels among primary school children in Norway: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP). Scand J Public Health 2018; 46:38-47. [PMID: 29754576 DOI: 10.1177/1403494818771207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective was to investigate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels (MVPA) of primary school children at baseline of the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP), Norway. METHODS Data on 2123 children aged 6-12 years were included for analysis (75% participation rate). Average minutes per day in MVPA was objectively measured using accelerometry based on seven-day averages. The sample was analysed for age-, sex-, socioeconomic-, and season-related patterns. A linear regression investigated the moderating effect of these factors as well as body mass index and waist circumference. RESULTS Some 86.5% of the sample had at least 60 min/day MVPA, averaging 90.7 min/day. The main differences in daily averages were between age groups 6½-9 and 10-12 ( p < .05). Boys (95.8 min/day, 95% CI: 94.1-97.5) were more active than girls (85.6 min/day, 95% CI: 83.9-87.2) in all age groups ( p < .0001). MVPA was lower by 3.5 min ( p < .0001) per additional year of age in the linear regression (R2 = 0.176) and was reduced by 20 min less per day in MVPA in the winter months compared with the summer months ( p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity levels are already in decline from 6-7 years old and are likely to continue to decline into adolescence. Interventions must therefore focus on primary school children.
Collapse
|
38
|
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Levels of Kuwaiti Adolescents: The Study of Health and Activity Among Adolescents in Kuwait. J Phys Act Health 2018; 15:255-262. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
39
|
Socioeconomic position and sedentary behavior in Brazilian adolescents: A life-course approach. Prev Med 2018; 107:29-35. [PMID: 29277415 PMCID: PMC6195187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Socioeconomic position (SEP) is a potential correlate of sedentary behavior in adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between SEP and self-reported and objective measures of sedentary behavior in adolescents, using a life-course approach. Data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study were analyzed (N=5249). Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between multiple SEP indicators (maternal education, family income, SEP composite, cumulative family income) at birth, 11, 15 and 18years, and five sedentary behavior outcomes (≥4h/day screen time; ≥4h/day TV; ≥2h/day computer; ≥2h/day video game; ≥12.7h/day objectively measured sedentary time) at 11, 15 and 18years, were examined. In cross-sectional analyses, higher SEP was positively associated with more screen time at ages 11 and 15years. There was a consistent and positive association between higher SEP with time spent using a computer, and with sedentary time assessed through accelerometry. SEP at birth had a positive and direct effect on screen, computer and total sedentary time at 18years. Participants in the highest cumulative income group had higher odds of high sedentary behavior in screen (OR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.50-3.54), computer (OR: 7.35; 95% CI: 4.19-12.89) and total sedentary time (OR: 5.40; 95% CI: 3.53-10.35), respectively, compared with their counterparts with lower cumulative income. Our findings showed that SEP is an early determinant of sedentary behavior in adolescents.
Collapse
|
40
|
Brzęk A, Strauss M, Przybylek B, Dworrak T, Dworrak B, Leischik R. How does the activity level of the parents influence their children's activity? The contemporary life in a world ruled by electronic devices. Arch Med Sci 2018; 14:190-198. [PMID: 29379550 PMCID: PMC5778431 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.72242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apart from many positive changes associated with technical civilization, there are also - from the health point of view - some threats. The reduction in the level of physical activity is one of them. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there are any relationships between children's physical activity and behaviors, and to assess the impact of the adults' activity on their children's habits. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study involved a group of 340 children aged 7-12 years (mean age: 9.81 ±1.7) and their parents. In order to evaluate children's physical activity and the amount of time that they spend with electronic devices, an original questionnaire and the IPAQ questionnaire were used. RESULTS Children usually use electronic devices between 2 and 7 days per week (mean: 4.74 ±0.86), regardless of sex (p > 0.09) and spend between 5 and 1620 min per week (mean: 459.46 ±308.1) with their mobile phone, tablet, PCs and TVs. 67.92% of boys and 69.61% of girls lead an active lifestyle. The children's activity level depends on their parents' level of activity (p < 0.000001). Parents of semi-active children lead a lifestyle with a moderate level of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS The level of physical activity in younger children depends on the children's relationship with their parents and their level of activity. Children spend a lot of free time with their electronic devices. It is necessary to develop and implement activities intended to raise awareness of children and their families about the effects of hypokinesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brzęk
- Department of Kinesiology, Chair of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Markus Strauss
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany
| | - Bianca Przybylek
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany
| | - Tarja Dworrak
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Dworrak
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany
| | - Roman Leischik
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
|
42
|
Maia EG, Mendes LL, Pimenta AM, Levy RB, Claro RM. Cluster of risk and protective factors for obesity among Brazilian adolescents. Int J Public Health 2017; 63:481-490. [PMID: 29143071 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-1053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to identify and analyze clusters formed by risk and protective factors for obesity among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional data collected in a national representative sample of adolescents by the Brazilian National School Health Survey of 2012 were used (n = 109,104). Cluster analysis was applied to identify clusters involving dietary intake, eating behavior, physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Logistic regression was employed to contextualize the clusters according to students' sociodemographics and schools' characteristics. RESULTS Two clusters were identified. Cluster 1 was predominantly characterized by the low frequency of both risk and protective factors for obesity; Cluster 2 was characterized by high frequency of both of these factors. None was essentially healthy or unhealthy. Adolescents from less developed regions and with mothers with lower education level were associated to Cluster 1. CONCLUSIONS The identification of two mixed clusters indicate wide spread obesity risk among scholars in the country. The association between the clusters and sociodemographic characteristics of the population allows a greater refinement of health promotion and obesity prevention and combat actions in Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuella Gomes Maia
- Graduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Loures Mendes
- Nutrition Department, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriano Marçal Pimenta
- Department of Maternal Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Bertazzi Levy
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Moreira Claro
- Nutrition Department, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kuzik N, Carson V, Andersen LB, Sardinha LB, Grøntved A, Hansen BH, Ekelund U. Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Associations with Metabolic Health Across Weight Statuses in Children and Adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:1762-1769. [PMID: 28782888 PMCID: PMC6258905 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of metabolic health across weight statuses and the associations of physical activity and sedentary time within and across metabolic health-weight status groups. METHODS Six studies (n = 4,581) from the International Children's Accelerometry Database were used. Sedentary time, light physical activity, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were accelerometer derived. Individuals were classified with normal weight (NW), overweight, or obesity. Strict and lenient composite definitions of metabolic health were created. Binomial and multinomial logistic regressions controlling for age, sex, study, and accelerometer wear time were conducted. RESULTS The metabolically unhealthy (MU) prevalence was 26.4% and 45.6% based on two definitions. Across definitions, more sedentary time was associated with higher odds of MU classification compared with metabolically healthy (MH) classification for the NW group. More MVPA was associated with lower odds of MU classification than MH classification for NW and overweight groups. For multinomial logistic regressions, more MVPA was associated with lower odds of MH-obesity classification, as well as MU-NW, -overweight, and -obesity classifications, compared with the MH-NW group. Furthermore, more sedentary time was associated with higher odds of MU-NW classification compared with the MH-NW group. CONCLUSIONS More MVPA was beneficial for metabolic health and weight status, whereas lower sedentary time was beneficial for metabolic health alone, although associations were weak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kuzik
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lars Bo Andersen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education and Sport, Sogn and Fjordane University College, Sogndal, Norway
| | - Luís B. Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal
| | - Anders Grøntved
- Centre of Research in Childhood Health, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Ulf Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Brzęk A, Dworrak T, Strauss M, Sanchis-Gomar F, Sabbah I, Dworrak B, Leischik R. The weight of pupils' schoolbags in early school age and its influence on body posture. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:117. [PMID: 28320364 PMCID: PMC5359953 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postural development progresses through a series of stages (growth spurts, development of balance and coordination, postural stability) which occur when children are at school age. The reduction in the level of physical activity, increased body weight, overloaded school bags, asymmetry of the backpack straps, the method of putting on and taking off the backpacks and increased usage of electronic devices have negative side effects such as bad body posture habits. METHODS A prospective cohort study in the group of 155 pupils at early school age 7-9 years old has been conducted. Examinations have been conducted twice: first, at the beginning of the school year (initial examination) and second - after 10-11 months (final examination). Age, gender, BMI, weight of school bag carried to school and the length of straps have been assessed. Body posture measurement (using Adams' test), the evaluation of the plumb line deflection from the gluteal cleft, the angle values of kyphosis and lordosis (according to Dobosiewicz methodology) and the pelvis and shoulder blades position (using a ruler and pediscoliometer) have been also measured. RESULTS The mean weight of a school bag in the initial study was 6.3 ± 0.8 (range between 4,7 and 9 kg). A tendency to carry slightly heavier school bags was noted in boys (6.7 vs. 5.9 kg; p = 0,00001). This tendency has linearly changed with age (R = 0.68; p < 0,001). In 3.2% of all school bags of children, weights exceeded norms with regard to the weight of the pupil. The increase of torso rotation exceeding norms was observed in 35.3% of girls (mean 2.7 ± 1.2) and in 60.9% of boys (mean 2.3 ± 1.3). The increase of kyphosis angle was noted in 48.5% of girls and in 36.8% of boys. The difference of straps length had a significant influence on the increase of rotation in upper thoracic spine, thoracolumbar junction and it also had influence on the decrease of lumbar lordosis in the group of girls. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the weight of school bags after one school year have influenced changes in body posture abnormalities, especially in rotation parameters. Backpack straps asymmetry was noticeably stronger in the group of girls and the difference between braces may have an impact on some posturometric parameters. Lack of proper backpack lifting skills tends to create programs and training systems in this regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brzęk
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Ul. Medyków 12, 40-754, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Tarja Dworrak
- Lectureship Prevention, Health Promotion, Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Markus Strauss
- Lectureship Prevention, Health Promotion, University Witten/Herdecke, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Hagen, Germany
| | - Fabian Sanchis-Gomar
- Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Instituto de Investigación INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ibtissam Sabbah
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Saida, Lebanon
| | - Birgit Dworrak
- Lectureship Prevention, Health Promotion, University Witten/Herdecke, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Hagen, Germany
| | - Roman Leischik
- Lectureship Prevention, Health Promotion, University Witten/Herdecke, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Hagen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Langlois J, Omorou AY, Vuillemin A, Briançon S, Lecomte E. Association of socioeconomic, school-related and family factors and physical activity and sedentary behaviour among adolescents: multilevel analysis of the PRALIMAP trial inclusion data. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:175. [PMID: 28178972 PMCID: PMC5299678 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4070-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social differences among adolescents in physical activity and sedentary behaviour have been identified but are not well explained. The current study aimed to identify socioeconomic, family and school-related associated factors with physical activity and sedentary behaviour among high-school adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional analysis of T0 physical activity and sedentary behaviour of 2523 students 14 - 18 years old recruited for the PRALIMAP trial from 24 French state-run high schools. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire at the start of grade 10. Adolescents completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for physical activity and sedentary behaviour and an ad hoc questionnaire for active commuting and sport participation. Statistical analyses involved linear and logistic regressions. RESULTS Socioeconomic, family or school variables were associated with levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour for both boys and girls, but no factor, except perceived parental physical activity level, was associated with total energy expenditure (total physical activity) for either gender. Adolescents with privileged and less privileged socioeconomic status reported the same total amount of energy expenditure. CONCLUSIONS Total physical activity score alone is not sufficient to assess the physical activity of adolescents. These findings may have implications for better understanding of social inequalities in this context and recommendations to prevent overweight. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT00814554 ). The date of registration: 23 December 2008. Registration was not required at the time of the start of PRALIMAP for public health and prevention programmes and trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Langlois
- University of Lorraine, EA 4360 APEMAC, Nancy, 54000, France. .,National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), 4 rue du Docteur Heydenreich, Nancy, 54000, France.
| | - Abdou Y Omorou
- University of Lorraine, EA 4360 APEMAC, Nancy, 54000, France.,CIC-EC 1433, CHRU Nancy, Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Anne Vuillemin
- University of Lorraine, EA 4360 APEMAC, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Serge Briançon
- University of Lorraine, EA 4360 APEMAC, Nancy, 54000, France
| | - Edith Lecomte
- National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), 4 rue du Docteur Heydenreich, Nancy, 54000, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Keykhaei F, Shahraki M, Sargolhosseinzadeh E, Shahraki T, Dashipour A. Correlation of Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Among 7- to 11-Year Children at Zahedan, Iran. Food Nutr Bull 2016; 37:364-374. [DOI: 10.1177/0379572116657225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is currently one of the major concerns in pediatric field. In recent literature, correlation of obesity with some behavioral factors such as physical activity (PA) received attention. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and PA. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2012 on 548 randomly selected 7- to 11-year schoolchildren from Zahedan, Iran. The underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity status were all based on BMI percentiles for age and sex. Moderate to vigorous PA during the previous 7 days was assessed by a modified version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children. Results: The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity among the participants was 18.3%, 47.9%, 11.8%, and 22.1%, respectively. Overweight and obesity were significantly higher among girls than boys. Mean PA score in participants was 2.4 ± 0.5. The results showed the PA score was significantly higher among boys than girls. The PA score had a significant association with BMI ( P = .018), and it was greater in normal participants than in obese participants. Conclusion: On the basis of observed data and due to the impact of PA on BMI as an indicator of nutritional status and health, teaching children to have better nutrition and lifestyle changes is very important. Therefore, more studies should focus on childhood obesity prevention programs to prevent nonoverweight children from becoming overweight or obese in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Keykhaei
- Department of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mansour Shahraki
- Department of Nutrition, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elham Sargolhosseinzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Touran Shahraki
- Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Alireza Dashipour
- Department of Nutrition, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| |
Collapse
|