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Fréville M, Bernardi O, Ramé C, Froment P, Dupont J. Vitamin E alleviates glyphosate-based herbicide-induced progesterone secretion inhibition and oxidative stress increase in chicken primary granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104194. [PMID: 39214058 PMCID: PMC11402039 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are the most extensively used herbicides worldwide. Despite a presumed nondangerousness for animals, several studies reported negative effects after a GBH exposure in several animal models including birds, notably on reproductive functions. Several studies concerning the advantages of Vitamin E (VE) for antioxidant activity but also growth and reproduction have been reported in birds. However, it remains unclear whether VE could alleviate the negative effect of GBHs on chicken ovarian cells. Here we exposed chicken primary granulosa cells (GCs) from F1 and F3/4 follicles to growing doses of GBH (0.036, 0.36, 3.6, and 36 gly eq/L), with or without VE supplementation (1 mg/L) and investigated cell viability, proliferation, oxidative stress and steroidogenesis. GBH exposure did not affect F1 and F3 GCs viability but it increased cell proliferation only in F1 GCs and this effect was not altered by VE. In both F1 and F3/4 GCs, GBH exposure increased total oxidant status (TOS), reduced total antioxidant status (TAS) and consequently increased index of oxidative stress (OSI) in dose dependent manner. This latter effect for GBH 36 mg eq gly/L was totally abolished in response to VE. In both F1 and F3/4 GCs, GBH exposure reduced progesterone secretion in a dose dependent manner and this effect with GBH 0.36 and 1.8 mg eq glyphosate/L was alleviated by VE. However, we did not observe any effect of GBH and VE on the gene expression of several components of the steroidogenesis process. Taken together, these results show that GBH may have endocrine disruptor effects, and that these effects might be alleviated by antioxidant VE supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Fréville
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE Animal Physiology Department, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ophélie Bernardi
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE Animal Physiology Department, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE Animal Physiology Department, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE Animal Physiology Department, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- CNRS, IFCE, INRAE Animal Physiology Department, Université de Tours, PRC, F-37380, Nouzilly, France.
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Huang Y, Huang Q, Zhou K, Luo X, Long W, Yin Z, Huang Z, Hong Y. Effects of glyphosate on neurotoxicity, oxidative stress and immune suppression in red swamp crayfish, Procambarus Clarkii. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 275:107050. [PMID: 39178750 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate, a prevalent herbicide, has raised concerns due to its potential ecological impact, especially on aquatic ecosystems. While it is crucial for managing agricultural productivity, its inadvertent effects on non-target aquatic species like the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, are not fully understood. In the present study, the neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and immune suppression of glyphosate on P. clarkii were investigated. Sublethal glyphosate exposure (5, 10 and 20 mg/L) for 96 h was found to significantly decrease AChE activity in both brain and hepatopancreas, correlating with reduced foraging efficiency and increased turnover time. Oxidative stress was evident through increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and altered antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In addition, the total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) was inhibited at 10 and 20 mg/L of glyphosate exposure. Immune assays revealed a decrease in total hemocyte counts (THC) and suppression of key immune enzyme activities and transcriptional expressions at higher concentrations, suggesting compromised immune defenses. The findings demonstrate that glyphosate can induce considerable neurotoxic and immunotoxic effects in P. clarkii, disrupting essential physiological functions and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Detection and Prevention in Panxi District, Xichang University, Xichang 415000, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China
| | - Kelei Zhou
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, Liangshan, China
| | - Xiongwei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China
| | - Wei Long
- Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China
| | - Zeyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China
| | - Zhiqiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Detection and Prevention in Panxi District, Xichang University, Xichang 415000, China
| | - Yuhang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 415000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Detection and Prevention in Panxi District, Xichang University, Xichang 415000, China.
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3
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Morozov A, Yurchenko V. Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid impact on redox status and biotransformation in fish and the mitigating effects of diet supplementation. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:2901-2914. [PMID: 39073654 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10481-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Fish reared under seminatural conditions can be challenged by exposure to herbicides. Farming facilities relying on the surrounding area's water quality can be affected by glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) contamination. This review summarizes findings on how glyphosate and AMPA in the amounts registered in surface waterbodies affect redox status and biotransformation in fish and covers the aspect of diet supplementation for oxidative stress relief. Environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA can alter the transcription and catalytic activities of antioxidant enzymes, decrease the content of reduced glutathione, and increase the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, all of which are signs of a redox imbalance. Glyphosate has been shown to affect complex I in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and dysregulate iron transport-related genes, causing redox disturbance. Relatively high but environmentally realistic glyphosate concentrations can initiate the induction of cytochrome P450 biotransformation enzymes, alter the regulation of ABC exporters, and cause the inhibition of the redox-sensitive Nrf2 signaling pathway. Studies on reducing herbicide toxicity through dietary supplementation are a promising area of research. Natural functional supplements have been proven to have great potential for mitigating glyphosate-induced oxidative stress and thereby improving fish health, which in turn means maintaining productivity in fish farms that use natural water. However, data on the effects of AMPA on fish are scarce, and studies on the alleviation of its toxicity in fish are lacking. Considering the variety of AMPA contamination routes, one cannot underestimate the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Morozov
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences (IBIW RAS), 109, Yaroslavl, Borok, 152742, Russia.
| | - Victoria Yurchenko
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences (IBIW RAS), 109, Yaroslavl, Borok, 152742, Russia
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Duan T, Alim A, Tian H, Li T. Roundup-Induced Gut Dysbiosis, Irrelevant to Aromatic Amino Acid Deficiency, Impairs the Gut Function in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39302074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate, the most popular herbicide globally, has long been considered safe for mammals. However, whether glyphosate can disturb gut microbiota via inhibiting aromatic amino acid (AAA) synthesis has been under debate recently. Here, we evaluated the impacts of chronic exposure to Roundup on gut health with the addition of AAA and explored the mechanism behind Roundup-induced gut dysfunction by performing fecal microbiota transplantation. 500 mg/kg·bw of Roundup, independent of AAA deficiency, caused severe damage to gut function, as characterized by gut microbial dysbiosis, oxidative stress damage, intestinal inflammation, and histopathological injury, particularly in female rats. Notably, similar to Roundup, Roundup-shaped gut microbiome evidently damaged serum, cecum, and colon profiling of oxidative stress biomarkers (malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and H2O2). Moreover, it induced 0.65-, 3.29-, and 2.36-fold increases in colonic IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, and 0.34-fold decreases in the IL-10 level. Upon transplanting healthy fecal microbiota to Roundup-treated rats, they exhibited a healthier gut microenvironment with mitigated inflammation, oxidative damage, and intestinal injury. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the safety of Roundup, highlight the crucial role of gut microbiota in Roundup-induced gut dysfunction, and pave the way for developing gut-microbiota-based strategies to address Roundup-related safety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Duan
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Aamina Alim
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Honglei Tian
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ting Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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5
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Ashley-Martin J, Marro L, Owen J, Borghese MM, Arbuckle T, Bouchard MF, Lanphear B, Walker M, Foster W, Fisher M. Gestational urinary concentrations of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in relation to preterm birth: the MIREC study. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00702-w. [PMID: 39294416 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00702-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few high-quality studies have evaluated associations between urinary glyphosate or its environmental degradate (aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA)] and preterm birth (PTB). OBJECTIVES To quantify associations between urinary glyphosate and AMPA and preterm birth in the pan-Canadian Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) study and determine if associations differ by fetal sex. METHODS We measured first trimester urinary glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in MIREC participants who were recruited between 2008-2011 from 10 Canadian cities. Of the 1880 participants whose first trimester urine samples were analyzed for glyphosate or AMPA, 1765 delivered a singleton, live birth. Our primary outcome was preterm birth (PTB) defined as births occurring between 20 and <37 weeks. Secondary outcomes were spontaneous preterm births (sPTB) and gestational age. We modelled the hazard of PTB and sPTB using discrete time survival analysis with multivariable logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR). We used multivariable linear regression models to quantify associations between analytes and gestational age. To assess effect modification by fetal sex, we stratified all models and calculated interaction terms. In the logistic regressions models we additionally calculated the relative excess risk due to interaction. RESULTS Six percent (n = 106) of the study population delivered preterm, and 4.7% (n = 83) had a spontaneous preterm birth. Median specific-gravity standardized concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were 0.25 and 0.21 µg/L. Associations between both glyphosate or AMPA and PTB, sPTB, and gestational age centered around the null value. The adjusted ORs of PTB for each doubling of glyphosate and AMPA concentrations were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.03) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.06) respectively. We observed no evidence of differences by fetal sex. CONCLUSIONS In this Canadian pregnancy cohort, neither glyphosate nor AMPA urinary concentrations was associated with PTB or reduced gestational length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Ashley-Martin
- Environmental Health Research and Science Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Leonora Marro
- Environmental Health Research and Science Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - James Owen
- Environmental Health Research and Science Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael M Borghese
- Environmental Health Research and Science Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tye Arbuckle
- Environmental Health Research and Science Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Maryse F Bouchard
- Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Research Centre, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Bruce Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Mark Walker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Warren Foster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mandy Fisher
- Environmental Health Research and Science Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Pagano AD, Nunes LS, Domingues WB, da Silveira TLR, Kütter MT, Schneider A, Kremer FS, Junior ASV, Amaral MG, Gonçalves NM, Bellido-Quispe DK, Volcan MV, Costa PG, Bianchini A, Pinhal D, Campos VF, Remião MH. Assessing reproductive effects and epigenetic responses in Austrolebias charrua exposed to Roundup Transorb®: Insights from miRNA profiling and molecular interaction analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 110:104539. [PMID: 39173985 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the effects of Roundup Transorb® (RDT) exposure on reproductive functions and ovarian miRNA expression in Austrolebias charrua. Exposure to RDT (at 0.065 or 5 mg. L-1 for 96 h) significantly disrupts fertility, evidenced by changes in fertilization rates and egg diameter. Profiling of ovarian miRNAs identified a total 205 miRNAs in A. charrua. Among these, three miRNAs were upregulated (miR-10b-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-100-5p), while ten miRNAs were downregulated (miR-499-5p, miR-375, miR-205-5p, miR-206-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-133b-3p, miR-203b-5p, miR-184, miR-133a-3p, miR-2188-5p) compared to non-exposed fish. This study reveals that differentially expressed miRNAs are linked to molecular pathways such as steroid hormone biosynthesis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, bioenergetics, and antioxidant defense. It also analyzes molecular interactions between miRNAs and target genes during RDT exposure in annual killifish, providing insights into biomarkers in ecotoxicology. Moreover, it provides scope for developing environmental health assessment models based on epigenomic endpoints, supporting the protection of biodiversity and ecosystem services through the quantification of stress responses in living organisms exposed to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio D Pagano
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Leandro S Nunes
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - William B Domingues
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Tony L R da Silveira
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Mateus T Kütter
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Frederico S Kremer
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Antonio S V Junior
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Marta G Amaral
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Natiéli M Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Dionet K Bellido-Quispe
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Matheus V Volcan
- Instituto Pró-Pampa (IPPampa), Laboratório de Ictiologia, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia G Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Danillo Pinhal
- Laboratório Genômica e Evolução Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Químicas e Biológicas, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius F Campos
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Mariana H Remião
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
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Zhao F, Liu Y, Lan J. One-step electrosynthesis of Cu-Hemin MOFs/CNTs for the dual determination of glyphosate. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:564. [PMID: 39190188 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
A simple and efficient dual-signal electrochemical sensor was designed for glyphosate (GLYP) determination based on the one-step electro-synthesized Cu-Hemin MOFs/CNTs nanocrystals. Cu-Hemin MOFs/CNTs were directly modified on the electrode through electrodeposition, avoiding complicated synthesis and modification processes. The incorporation of CNTs greatly boosted the conductivity of Cu-Hemin MOFs and the sensitivity of the electrochemical sensor. Cu active sites in Cu-Hemin MOFs were converted to CuCl, allowing the specific detection of GLYP with the turn of CuCl into non-electroactive Cu-GLYP. Meanwhile, GLYP showed highly effective inhibition effect on the inherent peroxidase-like activity of Cu-Hemin MOFs, therefore generating the second electrochemical signal with Cu-Hemin MOFs-catalyzed o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) + H2O2 system. The Cu-Hemin MOFs/CNTs based sensor with two electrochemical signals showed good linearities of 1.0 × 10-10 M - 3.0 × 10-6 M and 1.0 × 10-10 M - 5.0 × 10-5 M, with detection limits of 5.17 × 10-12 M and 6.81 × 10-12 M for the CuCl signal based assay and nanozyme catalyzed o-PD + H2O2 procedure, respectively. This simple and robust dual-signal sensor with excellent selectivity, accuracy, and stability allowed GLYP quantification in real samples, highlighting the potential application of this approach for food and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Yunxi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jingyue Lan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
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Leblanc PO, Breton Y, Léveillé F, Tessier PA, Pelletier M. The impact of the herbicide glyphosate and its metabolites AMPA and MPA on the metabolism and functions of human blood neutrophils and their sex-dependent effects on reactive oxygen species and CXCL8/IL-8 production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118831. [PMID: 38580005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Significant levels of glyphosate, the world's most widely used herbicide, and its primary metabolites, AMPA and MPA, are detected in various human organs and body fluids, including blood. Several studies have associated the presence of glyphosate in humans with health problems, and effects on immune cells and their functions have been reported. However, the impact of this molecule and its metabolites on neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in the human bloodstream, is still poorly documented. We isolated neutrophils from human donor blood and investigated the effects of exposure to glyphosate, AMPA, and MPA on viability, energy metabolism, and essential antimicrobial functions in vitro. We observed that neutrophil viability was unaffected at the blood-relevant average concentrations of the general population and exposed workers, as well as at higher intoxication concentrations. Neutrophil energy metabolism was also not altered following exposure to the chemicals. However, while phagocytosis was unaffected, reactive oxygen species generation and CXCL8/IL-8 production were altered by exposure to the molecules. Alterations in function following exposure to glyphosate and metabolites differed according to the sex of the donors, which could be linked to glyphosate's known role as an endocrine disruptor. While ROS generation was increased in both sexes, male neutrophils exposed to glyphosate had increased intracellular production of CXCL8/IL-8, with no effect on female neutrophils. Conversely, exposure to the metabolites AMPA and MPA decreased extracellular production of this chemokine only in female neutrophils, with MPA also increasing intracellular production in male cells exposed to the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine. Our study highlights the effects of glyphosate and its metabolites on the antimicrobial functions of neutrophils, which could be associated with health problems as future studies provide a better understanding of the risks associated with glyphosate use. Advances in knowledge will enable better and potentially stricter regulations to protect the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier-Olivier Leblanc
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Yann Breton
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Florence Léveillé
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Philippe A Tessier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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9
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Tang P, Wang Y, Liao Q, Zhou Y, Huang H, Liang J, Zeng X, Qiu X. Relationship of urinary glyphosate concentrations with glycosylated hemoglobin and diabetes in US adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1644. [PMID: 38902690 PMCID: PMC11188266 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate is a commonly used herbicide worldwide and is purportedly associated with multiple health effects. Research assessing the association of glyphosate concentrations with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and the prevalence of diabetes is scarce. We sought to evaluate the association between urinary glyphosate levels and HbA1c levels and the prevalence of diabetes. METHODS A total of 2,745 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2016 were included in this study. Generalized linear models (GLM) were applied to evaluate the associations of glyphosate concentrations with HbA1c levels and the prevalence of diabetes. The dose-response relationship was examined using restricted cubic splines (RCS). RESULTS Significantly positive correlations of urinary glyphosate concentrations with HbA1c levels (percentage change: 1.45; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.96; P < 0.001) and the prevalence of diabetes (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.68; P < 0.001) were found after adjustment. Compared with the lowest quartile of glyphosate levels, the highest quartile was positively associated with HbA1c levels (percentage change: 4.19; 95% CI: 2.54, 5.85; P < 0.001) and the prevalence of diabetes (OR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.37, 2.63; P < 0.001). The RCS curves demonstrated a monotonically increasing dose-response relationship between urinary glyphosate levels and the prevalence of diabetes and HbA1c levels. CONCLUSIONS Urinary glyphosate concentrations are positively associated with HBA1c levels and the prevalence of diabetes. To verify our findings, additional large-scale prospective investigations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning , Guangxi, 530021, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yican Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qian Liao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning , Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- School of Public Health, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Huishen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning , Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning , Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning , Guangxi, 530021, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning , Guangxi, 530021, China.
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10
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Limcharoensuk T, Chusuth P, Utaisincharoen P, Auesukaree C. Protein quality control systems in the endoplasmic reticulum and the cytosol coordinately prevent alachlor-induced proteotoxic stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134270. [PMID: 38640676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Alachlor, a widely used chloroacetanilide herbicide for controlling annual grasses in crops, has been reported to rapidly trigger protein denaturation and aggregation in the eukaryotic model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Therefore, this study aimed to uncover cellular mechanisms involved in preventing alachlor-induced proteotoxicity. The findings reveal that the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a crucial role in eliminating alachlor-denatured proteins by tagging them with polyubiquitin for subsequent proteasomal degradation. Exposure to alachlor rapidly induced an inhibition of proteasome activity by 90 % within 30 min. The molecular docking analysis suggests that this inhibition likely results from the binding of alachlor to β subunits within the catalytic core of the proteasome. Notably, our data suggest that nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are the primary targets of alachlor. Consequently, the unfolded protein response (UPR), responsible for coping with aberrant proteins in the ER, becomes activated within 1 h of alachlor treatment, leading to the splicing of HAC1 mRNA into the active transcription activator Hac1p and the upregulation of UPR gene expression. These findings underscore the critical roles of the protein quality control systems UPS and UPR in mitigating alachlor-induced proteotoxicity by degrading alachlor-denatured proteins and enhancing the protein folding capacity of the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tossapol Limcharoensuk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology (MU-OU:CRC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Phakawat Chusuth
- Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology (MU-OU:CRC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Utaisincharoen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Choowong Auesukaree
- Mahidol University-Osaka University Collaborative Research Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology (MU-OU:CRC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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11
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Abolarin PO, Owoyele BV. Tannic acid inhibits pain mediators, inflammation and oxidative stress in mice exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2024; 39:e2024019-0. [PMID: 39054833 PMCID: PMC11294660 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2024019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (Gly) has been associated with neurological disorders. Tannic acid (TA) is an antioxidant with attenuating action against neuroinflammation-associated conditions. This study evaluated the effect of Gly on pain perception alongside antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions of TA in Gly-exposed mice. Male Swiss mice were randomly divided into six groups (n=8): control (distilled water 0.2 ml/kg), Gly (Gly 500 mg/kg), Pre-TA + Gly (TA 50 mg/kg pre-treatment, afterwards Gly-administered), TA + Gly (TA 50 mg/kg and Gly co-administered), Pre-AA + Gly (ascorbic acid (AA) 10 mg/kg pre-treatment, afterwards Gly-administered), and AA + Gly (AA 10 mg/kg and Gly co-administered). Mechanical, thermal, and chemical pain were evaluated six weeks post vehicle/drugs administrations orally, followed by brain biochemical measurements. TA treatment alleviated Gly-induced hyperalgesia in similar version to the values of control and AA groups by increasing significantly (p < 0.05) nociceptive thresholds. Moreover, TA-treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) levels, significantly increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-4, and TGF-1β) levels, and antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities compared to Gly-treated mice (p < 0.05). Conclusively, TA treatment exerted antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions, possibly through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions in Gly-exposed mice. Notably, TA pre-treatment showed a better response than TA and Gly co-administration. We propose the potential neuroprotective and ameliorative functions of TA in Gly-induced hyperalgesia. This merits further clinical research into protective roles of TA against pesticide-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Oluwole Abolarin
- Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, Chrisland University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Pain Laboratory, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria
| | - Bamidele Victor Owoyele
- Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, Chrisland University, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria
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12
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Zhang Y, Li J, Yu S, Li W, Dou Y, Zhang C. Adenosine triphosphate alleviates high temperature-enhanced glyphosate toxicity in maize seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108550. [PMID: 38555720 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP plays a key role in regulating plants stress responses. Here, we aimed to determine whether ATP can alleviate the glyphosate toxicity in maize seedlings under high temperature by regulating antioxidant responses. Foliar spraying with 100 μM glyphosate inhibited the growth of maize seedlings at room temperature (25 °C), leading to an increase in shikimic acid accumulation and oxidative stress (evaluated via lipid peroxidation, free proline, and H2O2 content) in the leaves, all of which were further exacerbated by high temperature (35 °C). The growth inhibition and oxidative stress caused by glyphosate were both alleviated by exogenous ATP. Moreover, the glyphosate-induced antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant accumulation were attenuated by high temperature, while ATP treatment reversed this inhibitory effect. Similarly, qPCR data showed that the relative expression levels of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (CAT1, GR1, and γ-ECS) in maize leaves were upregulated by ATP before exposure to GLY. Moreover, high temperature-enhanced GLY residue accumulation in maize leaves was reduced by ATP. ATP-induced detoxification was attenuated through NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibition. Higher NOX activities and O2•- production were noted in ATP-treated maize leaves compared to controls prior to GLY treatment, indicating that the extracellular ATP-induced alleviation of GLY toxicity was closely associated with NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species signalling. The current findings present a new approach for reducing herbicide toxicity in crops exposed to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Jiayu Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Song Yu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Weiqing Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yi Dou
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
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13
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Zhao GP, Cheng WL, Zhang ZH, Li YX, Li YQ, Yang FW, Wang YB. The use of amino acids and their derivates to mitigate against pesticide-induced toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116340. [PMID: 38636261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides induces oxidative stress and deleterious effects on various tissues in non-target organisms. Numerous models investigating pesticide exposure have demonstrated metabolic disturbances such as imbalances in amino acid levels within the organism. One potentially effective strategy to mitigate pesticide toxicity involves dietary intervention by supplementing exogenous amino acids and their derivates to augment the body's antioxidant capacity and mitigate pesticide-induced oxidative harm, whose mechanism including bolstering glutathione synthesis, regulating arginine-NO metabolism, mitochondria-related oxidative stress, and the open of ion channels, as well as enhancing intestinal microecology. Enhancing glutathione synthesis through supplementation of substrates N-acetylcysteine and glycine is regarded as a potent mechanism to achieve this. Selection of appropriate amino acids or their derivates for supplementation, and determining an appropriate dosage, are of the utmost importance for effective mitigation of pesticide-induced oxidative harm. More experimentation is required that involves large population samples to validate the efficacy of dietary intervention strategies, as well as to determine the effects of amino acids and their derivates on long-term and low-dose pesticide exposure. This review provides insights to guide future research aimed at preventing and alleviating pesticide toxicity through dietary intervention of amino acids and their derivates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ping Zhao
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Wei-Long Cheng
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Inner Mongolia 013757, China
| | - Ying-Qiu Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Fang-Wei Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yan-Bo Wang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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14
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Abe FR, Dorta DJ, Gravato C, de Oliveira DP. Elucidating the effects of pure glyphosate and a commercial formulation on early life stages of zebrafish using a complete biomarker approach: All-or-nothing! THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170012. [PMID: 38246377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The search for new methods in the toxicology field has increased the use of early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a versatile organism model. Here, we use early stages of zebrafish to evaluate glyphosate as pure active ingredient and within a commercial formulation in terms of oxidative stress. Biomarkers involved in the oxidative status were evaluated along with other markers of neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, energy balance and motor performance, and the selected tools were evaluated by its sensitivity in determining early-warning events. Zebrafish embryos exposed to glyphosate active ingredient and glyphosate-based formulation were under oxidative stress, but only the commercial formulation delayed the embryogenesis, affected the cholinergic neurotransmission and induced DNA damage. Both altered the motor performance of larvae at very low concentrations, becoming larvae hypoactive. The energy balance was also impaired, as embryos under oxidative stress had lower lipids reserves. Although data suggest that glyphosate-based formulation has higher toxicity than the active ingredient itself, the most sensitive biomarkers detected early-warning effects at very low concentrations of the active ingredient. Biochemical biomarkers of defense system and oxidative damage were the most sensitive tools, detecting pro-oxidant responses at very low concentrations, along with markers of motor performance that showed high sensitivity and high throughput, suitable for detecting early effects linked to neurotoxicity. Alterations on morphology during embryogenesis showed the lowest sensitivity, thus morphological alterations appeared after several alterations at biochemical levels. Tools evaluating DNA damage and cell proliferation showed mid-sensitivity, but low throughput, thus they could be used as complementary markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Renata Abe
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel Junqueira Dorta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Institute of Science and Technology for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances (INCT-DATREM), Brazil
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Danielle Palma de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Institute of Science and Technology for Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Substances (INCT-DATREM), Brazil.
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15
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Pagano AD, Gonçalves NM, Domingues WB, da Silveira TLR, Kütter MT, Junior ASV, Corcini CD, Nascimento MC, Dos Reis LFV, Costa PG, Bianchini A, Volcan MV, Remião MH, Campos VF. Assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers in the threatened annual killifish Austrolebias charrua exposed to Roundup. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109787. [PMID: 37977240 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the toxic effects of Roundup Transorb® on the endangered Neotropical annual killifish Austrolebias charrua through the assessment of molecular and biochemical biomarkers. The fish were collected in temporary ponds and exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of the herbicide (5 mg.L-1 for 96 h). The production of ROS, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and membrane fluidity were evaluated in the blood cells by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of the antioxidant-related genes sod2, cat, gstα, atp1a1, gclc, and ucp1 across the brain, liver, and gills was quantified. The acute exposure of annual killifish to Roundup significantly increased ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage in their erythrocytes. Likewise, Roundup Transorb® decreased membrane fluidity in the blood cells of the exposed fish. Gene expression analysis revealed that Roundup exposure alters the relative expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. Our results give rise to new insights into adaptive mechanisms of A. charrua in response to Roundup. Since Brazilian annual killifishes strongly risk extinction, this study paves the way for developing novel biotechnologies applied to environmental monitoring and aquatic toxicology assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Duarte Pagano
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Natiéli Machado Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - William Borges Domingues
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | | | - Mateus Tavares Kütter
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brasil
| | | | | | - Mariana Cavalcanti Nascimento
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Luana Ferreira Viana Dos Reis
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brasil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brasil
| | | | - Mariana Härter Remião
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Vinicius Farias Campos
- Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
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16
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Zhou H, Yang Y, Kang Y, Guo T, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Ma L. Synergistic toxicity induced by the co-exposure of tenuazonic acid and patulin in Caenorhabditis elegans: Daf-16 plays an important regulatory role. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115871. [PMID: 38141335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Tenuazonic acid (TeA) and patulin (PAT), as the naturally occurring mycotoxins with various toxic effects, are often detected in environment and food chain, has attracted more and more attention due to their widespread and high contaminations as well as the coexistence, which leads to potential human and animals' risks. However, their combined toxicity has not been reported yet. In our study, C. elegans was used to evaluate the type of combined toxicity caused by TeA+PAT and its related mechanisms. The results showed that TeA and PAT can induce synergistic toxic effects based on Combination Index (CI) evaluation model (Chou-Talalay method), that is, the body length, brood size as well as the levels of ROS, CAT and ATP were significantly affected in TeA+PAT-treated group compared with those in TeA- or PAT-treated group. Besides, the expressions of oxidative (daf-2, daf-16, cyp-35a2, ctl-1, ctl-3, pmk-1, jnk-1, skn-1) and intestinal (fat-5, pod-2, egl-8, pkc-3, ajm-1, nhx-2) stress-related genes were disrupted, among which daf-16 displayed the most significant alternation. Further study on daf-16 gene defective C. elegans showed that the damages to the mutant nematodes were significantly attenuated. Since daf-2, daf-16, jnk-1 and pmk-1 are evolutionarily conserved, our findings could hint synergistic toxic effects of TeA+PAT on higher organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yulian Yang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yi Kang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ting Guo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liang Ma
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China.
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17
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Docea AO, Cirstea AE, Cercelaru L, Drocas AI, Dinca V, Mesnage R, Marginean C, Radu A, Popa DG, Rogoveanu O, Mitrut R, Antoniou MN, Tsatsakis A, Hernández AF, Calina D. Effect of perinatal exposure to glyphosate and its mixture with 2,4-D and dicamba on rat dam kidney and thyroid function and offspring's health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:116908. [PMID: 37597833 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of the herbicide mixture of glyphosate, dicamba and 2-4-D to deal with glyphosate-resistant weeds raises concerns regarding human health and environmental risks. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of developmental exposure to glyphosate and a herbicide mixture containing glyphosate, dicamba and 2-4-D on rat dams' kidney and thyroid function and offspring's health. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed from day-6 of gestation till weaning to regulatory relevant doses of glyphosate corresponding to the European Union (EU) acceptable daily intake (ADI; 0.5 mg/kg bw/day), and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL; 50 mg/kg bw/day), and to a mixture of glyphosate, dicamba and 2,4-D all at the EU ADI (0.5, 0.002 and 0.3 mg/kg bw/day) respectively. After weaning the dams were sacrificed and blood and organs were collected. The pups' health was assessed by measuring viability, gestational and anogenital indices. Perinatal exposure to GLY alone and the herbicide mixture resulted in anti-androgenic effects in male offspring. In dams, exposure to glyphosate resulted in kidney glomerular and tubular dysfunction as well as increased thyroid hormone levels in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, exposure to the herbicide mixture resulted in effects similar to those observed with glyphosate at the NOAEL, suggesting at least an additive effect of the herbicide mixture at doses individually considered safe for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Andrei Eugen Cirstea
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Liliana Cercelaru
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Andrei Ioan Drocas
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Viorica Dinca
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Robin Mesnage
- King's College London, Gene Expression and Therapy Group, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Cristina Marginean
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania
| | - Antonia Radu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Dragos George Popa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Otilia Rogoveanu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349, Craiova, Romania.
| | - Radu Mitrut
- Department of Cardiology, University and Emergency Hospital, 050098, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- King's College London, Gene Expression and Therapy Group, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain; Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
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18
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Banaee M, Impellitteri F, Multisanti CR, Sureda A, Arfuso F, Piccione G, Faggio C. Evaluating Silymarin Extract as a Potent Antioxidant Supplement in Diazinon-Exposed Rainbow Trout: Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Parameter Analysis. TOXICS 2023; 11:737. [PMID: 37755747 PMCID: PMC10535037 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of diazinon on fish, focusing on hepatotoxic biomarkers and the potential protective effects of silymarin supplementation. One hundred eighty rainbow trout were randomly assigned to four groups: control, diazinon exposed (0.1 mg L-1), silymarin supplemented (400 mg kg-1), and diazinon + silymarin. Blood samples and liver tissue were collected after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure to analyze biochemical parameters and oxidative biomarkers. Diazinon exposure in fish resulted in liver damage, as indicated by increased antioxidant enzyme activities in the hepatocytes. Silymarin showed the potential to mitigate this damage by reducing oxidative stress and restoring enzyme activities. Nevertheless, diazinon increased creatine phosphokinase activity, which may not be normalized by silymarin. Exposure to diazinon increased glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, whereas total protein, albumin, and globulin levels were significantly decreased in fish. However, silymarin controlled and maintained these levels within the normal range. Diazinon increased creatinine, urea, uric acid, and ammonia contents. Silymarin could regulate creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels while having limited effectiveness on ammonia excretion. Furthermore, diazinon increased malondialdehyde in hepatocytes, whereas administration of silymarin could restore normal malondialdehyde levels. Overall, silymarin showed potential as a therapeutic treatment for mitigating oxidative damage induced by diazinon in fish, but its effectiveness on creatine phosphokinase, glutathione reductase, and ammonia may be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Banaee
- Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan 6361663973, Iran
| | - Federica Impellitteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy (F.A.)
| | - Cristiana Roberta Multisanti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), and CIBEROBN Fisiopatología de la Obesidad la Nutrición, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy (F.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Giovanni Palatucci snc, 98168 Messina, Italy (F.A.)
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
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19
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Souza MCO, Cruz JC, Cesila CA, Gonzalez N, Rocha BA, Adeyemi JA, Nadal M, Domingo JL, Barbosa F. Recent trends in pesticides in crops: A critical review of the duality of risks-benefits and the Brazilian legislation issue. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115811. [PMID: 37030406 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increasing population worldwide, in recent years, an exponential increase in agricultural practices has occurred in order to attend to the growing demand for food. Unfortunately, this increase is not associated with the supply of foodstuffs free of environmental pollutants. In Brazil, agriculture is one of the most important economic pillars, making the country one of the largest consumers of pesticides around the world. The intense use of pesticides, mainly glyphosate, 2,4-D, and atrazine, constitutes an essential factor in the viability of this great agricultural productivity. Sugarcane, corn, soybean, and citrus crops consume around 66% of the total pesticides worldwide, representing 76% of the planted area. Pesticide residues have been frequently detected in food and the environment, becoming a significant concern for human health. Monitoring programs for pesticide use are essential to reduce the potential negative impacts on the environment and improve the overall efficiency and sustainability of their use. However, in Brazil, the approval status of pesticide-active ingredients is very discrepant compared to other agricultural countries. Moreover, the duality of benefits and risks of pesticide application creates an economic and toxicological conflict. In this paper, we have critically reviewed the duality of risks-benefits of the use of pesticides in agriculture and the current Brazilian legislation issues. We have also compared this flawed legislation with other countries with high economic potential. Due to the negative environmental impacts on soil and water by the high levels of pesticides, remediation techniques, sustainable agriculture, and the development of new technologies can be considered some viable alternatives to reduce the levels in these compartments. Besides, this paper includes some recommendations that can be included in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences. Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jonas Carneiro Cruz
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences. Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cibele Aparecida Cesila
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences. Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neus Gonzalez
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences. Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Bruno Alves Rocha
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences. Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences. Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Marti Nadal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José L Domingo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- University of Sao Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences. Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Avenida do Cafe s/n°, 14040-903, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Costas-Ferreira C, Durán R, Faro LF. Neurotoxic effects of exposure to glyphosate in rat striatum: Effects and mechanisms of action on dopaminergic neurotransmission. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105433. [PMID: 37248010 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and possible mechanisms of action of glyphosate and a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) on dopaminergic neurotransmission in the rat striatum. Acute exposure to glyphosate or GBH, administered by systemic (75 or 150 mg/kg, i.p.) or intrastriatal (1, 5, or 10 mM for 1 h) routes, produced significant concentration-dependent increases in dopamine release measured in vivo by cerebral microdialysis coupled to HPLC with electrochemical detection. Systemic administration of glyphosate also significantly impaired motor control and decreased striatal acetylcholinesterase activity and antioxidant capacity. At least two mechanisms can be proposed to explain the glyphosate-induced increases in extracellular dopamine levels: increased exocytotic dopamine release from synaptic vesicles or inhibition of dopamine transporter (DAT). Thus, we investigated the effects of intrastriatal administration of glyphosate (5 mM) in animals pretreated with tetrodotoxin (TTX) or reserpine. It was observed that TTX (10 or 20 μM) had no significant effect on glyphosate-induced dopamine release, while reserpine (10 mg/kg i.p) partially but significantly reduced the dopamine release. When glyphosate was coinfused with nomifensine (50 μM), the increase in dopamine levels was significantly higher than that observed with glyphosate or nomifensine alone. So, two possible hypotheses could explain this additive effect: both glyphosate and nomifensine act through different mechanisms at the dopaminergic terminals to increase dopamine levels; or both nomifensine and glyphosate act on DAT, with glyphosate simultaneously inhibiting reuptake and stimulating dopamine release by reversing the DAT function. Future research is needed to determine the effects of this pesticide at environmentally relevant doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Costas-Ferreira
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Rafael Durán
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lilian Ferreira Faro
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
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21
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Flach H, Dietmann P, Liess M, Kühl M, Kühl SJ. Glyphosate without Co-formulants affects embryonic development of the south african clawed frog Xenopus laevis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 260:115080. [PMID: 37262967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate (GLY) is the most widely used herbicide in the world. Due to its mode of action as an inhibitor of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, an important step in the shikimate pathway, specifically in plants, GLY is considered to be of low toxicity to non-target organisms. However, various studies have shown the negative effects of GLY on the mortality and development of different non-target organisms, including insects, rodents, fish and amphibians. To better understand the various effects of GLY in more detail, we studied the effects of GLY without co-formulants during the embryogenesis of the aquatic model organism Xenopus laevis. RESULTS A treatment with GLY affected various morphological endpoints in X. laevis tadpoles (body length, head width and area, eye area). Additionally, GLY interfered with the mobility as well as the neural and cardiac development of the embryos at stage 44/45. We were able to detect detailed structural changes in the cranial nerves and the heart and gained insights into the negative effects of GLY on cardiomyocyte differentiation. CONCLUSION The application of GLY without co-formulants resulted in negative effects on several endpoints in the early embryonic development of X. laevis at concentrations that are environmentally relevant and concentrations that reflect the worst-case scenarios. This indicates that GLY could have a strong negative impact on the survival and lives of amphibians in natural waters. As a result, future GLY approvals should consider its impact on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Flach
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Petra Dietmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- Department System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Susanne J Kühl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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22
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Rosati L, Chianese T, De Gregorio V, Verderame M, Raggio A, Motta CM, Scudiero R. Glyphosate Interference in Follicular Organization in the Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087363. [PMID: 37108525 PMCID: PMC10138419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate (Gly) is a broad-spectrum herbicide widely used thanks to its high efficiency and low toxicity. However, evidence exists of its toxic effects on non-target organisms. Among these, the animals inhabiting agricultural fields are particularly threatened. Recent studies demonstrated that exposure to Gly markedly affected the morphophysiology of the liver and testis of the Italian field lizard Podarcis siculus. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the herbicide on the female reproductive system of this lizard in order to have a full picture of Gly-induced reproductive impairment. The animals were exposed to 0.05 and 0.5 μg/kg of pure Gly by gavage for 3 weeks. The results demonstrated that Gly, at both doses tested, profoundly interfered with ovarian function. It induced germ cells' recruitment and altered follicular anatomy by anticipating apoptotic regression of the pyriform cells. It also induced thecal fibrosis and affected oocyte cytoplasm and zona pellucida organizations. At the functional levels, Gly stimulated the synthesis of estrogen receptors, suggesting a serious endocrine-disrupting effect. Overall, the follicular alterations, combined with those found at the level of the seminiferous tubules in males, suggest serious damage to the reproductive fitness of these non-target organisms, which over time could lead to a decline in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Chianese
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenza De Gregorio
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariailaria Verderame
- Department of Human, Philosophic and Education Sciences (DISUFF), University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Anja Raggio
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Motta
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosaria Scudiero
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Via Cintia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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23
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Zhang L, Ding F, Wu X, Wang R, Wan Y, Hu J, Zhang X, Wu Q. Melatonin ameliorates glyphosate- and hard water-induced renal tubular epithelial cell senescence via PINK1-Parkin-dependent mitophagy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114719. [PMID: 37032573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The combination of glyphosate (Gly) and hard water (Hwt) is a suspected risk factor for chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC). Accumulated mitochondrial damage and proximal tubular epithelial (PTE) cell senescence have been implicated in CINAC pathogenesis. Melatonin (Mel) has potential mitochondrial function and renoprotective properties, but its role and mechanism in CINAC are unknown. Here, we detected PTE cell senescence and PTEN-induced putative protein kinase 1 (PINK1)-parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Parkin)-dependent mitophagy in mice orally administered with different doses of Gly combined with Hwt (Gly: 100 mg/kg·bw and 0.7 mg/L; Hwt: 2,500 mg/L CaCO3 and 250 mg/L Ca2+) for different durations (12 and 36 w) using histological examination, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence (IF) analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoblotting, ELISA and biochemical assays with kits. The same assays were performed after combination treatment with Mdivi-1 (an inhibitor of mitophagy, i.p. 10 mg/kg·bw, twice a week for 12 w) or Mel (i.p. 10 mg/kg·bw, once a day for 12 w) under high-level exposure. Gly combined with Hwt (Gly-Hwt) significantly increased P16-P21-dependent PTE cell senescence, mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress, and activated PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, accompanied by defective autophagic flux at high doses but unaltered autophagic flux at low doses. Improved senescence occurred after Mdivi-1 administration, suggesting that mitophagy is involved in cellular senescence. Mel significantly decreased senescence induced by Gly-Hwt. Furthermore, PINK1-Parkin-dependent mitophagy and autophagic flux were markedly enhanced, and mitochondrial function was improved, as evidenced by reductions in mitochondrial fission and subsequent oxidative damage. Thus, Gly and Hwt synergistically promote PTE cell senescence through PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, and Mel exerts renoprotective effects by modulating mitophagy, suggesting therapeutic applications in ageing-related CINAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruojing Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Chang VC, Andreotti G, Ospina M, Parks CG, Liu D, Shearer JJ, Rothman N, Silverman DT, Sandler DP, Calafat AM, Beane Freeman LE, Hofmann JN. Glyphosate exposure and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers in the Agricultural Health Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:394-404. [PMID: 36629488 PMCID: PMC10086635 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djac242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate is the most widely applied herbicide worldwide, and its use has been associated with increased risks of certain hematopoietic cancers in epidemiologic studies. Animal and in vitro experiments suggest that glyphosate may induce oxidative stress, a key characteristic of carcinogens; however, evidence in human populations remains scarce. We investigated associations between glyphosate exposure and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers in the Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect in Agriculture study, a molecular epidemiologic subcohort in the Agricultural Health Study. METHODS This analysis included 268 male farmers selected based on self-reported recent and lifetime occupational glyphosate use and 100 age- and geography-matched male nonfarmers. Concentrations of glyphosate and oxidative stress biomarkers (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG], 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α, and malondialdehyde [MDA]) were quantified in first-morning-void urine. We performed multivariable linear regression to evaluate associations of urinary glyphosate and self-reported glyphosate use with each oxidative stress biomarker. RESULTS Urinary glyphosate concentrations were positively associated with levels of 8-OHdG (highest vs lowest glyphosate quartile; geometric mean ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval = 1.03 to 1.28; Ptrend = .02) and MDA (geometric mean ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.03 to 1.40; Ptrend = .06) overall. Among farmers reporting recent glyphosate use (last 7 days), use in the previous day was also associated with statistically significantly increased 8-OHdG and MDA levels. Compared with nonfarmers, we observed elevated 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α levels among farmers with recent, high past 12-month, or high lifetime glyphosate use. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute to the weight of evidence supporting an association between glyphosate exposure and oxidative stress in humans and may inform evaluations of the carcinogenic potential of this herbicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky C Chang
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gabriella Andreotti
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria Ospina
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christine G Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Danping Liu
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph J Shearer
- Heart Disease Phenomics Laboratory, Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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25
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Wan CQ, Pang YH, Yang QY, Yang CL, Shen XF. Paper-based analytical device coupled with Bi-MOF: Electric field amplification and fluorescence sensing of glyphosate. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1248:340930. [PMID: 36813460 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate, a potent herbicide wildly used in the world, involves potential hazards to human health by accumulating in the food chain. Due to its absence of chromophores and fluorophores, the rapid visual detection of glyphosate has always been difficult. Herein, a paper-based geometric field amplification device visualized by the amino-functionalized bismuth-based metal-organic framework (NH2-Bi-MOF) was constructed for sensitive fluorescence determination of glyphosate. Fluorescence of the synthesized NH2-Bi-MOF was immediately enhanced by interaction with glyphosate. The field amplification of glyphosate was implemented by coordinating the electric field and the electroosmotic flow, which was orchestrated by the geometric configuration of paper channel and the concentration of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the developed method exhibited a linear range of 0.80-200 μmol L-1 with about 12500-fold signal enhancement achieved by just 100 s electric field amplification. It was applied to soil and water with recoveries between 95.7% and 105.6%, holding great prospects in on-site analysis of hazardous anions for environment safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Qun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yue-Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiu-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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26
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Bai G, Zou Y, Zhang W, Jiang X, Qin J, Teng T, Sun H, Shi B. Perinatal exposure to high concentration glyphosate-based herbicides induces intestinal apoptosis by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in offspring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161223. [PMID: 36584959 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), the most widely used pesticide worldwide, have been reported to impair organ function in humans and animals. However, research on the effect of maternal GBHs exposure on the intestinal health of offspring has received little attention. Based on the glyphosate limits defined by Codex Alimentarius Commission and European Food Safety Authority, this study established pregnant sow exposure models to investigate the influence of low (L-GBHs, 20 mg/kg) and high concentration GBHs (H-GBHs, 100 mg/kg) on the intestinal health of offspring and proposed the protective mechanism mediated by betaine. The results showed that the intestinal morphology and barrier function of suckling piglets were damaged in the H-GBHs group. H-GBHs increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and levels of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10)) in suckling piglets and activated Nrf2-mediated antioxidant signaling pathway. Subsequently, we found that exposure to H-GBHs triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and further induced apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Caspase3, Caspase9 and Caspase12. Moreover, H-GBHs exposure perturbed mitochondrial membrane fusion and electron transport in mitochondrial respiratory chains by increasing the mRNA expression of mitofusin-2 (MFN2) and succinate dehydrogenase subunit A (SDHA), causing mitochondrial dysfunction. Dietary supplementation with betaine provided modest protection against GBHs-induced intestinal damage in suckling piglets. These findings reveal the mechanism of GBHs-induced intestinal damage in offspring, improving our understanding of the risk of GBHs exposure in pregnant women and suggesting the potential protective effects of betaine against GBHs poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yingbin Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xu Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jianwei Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Teng Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Haoyang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Baoming Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Settar A, Khaldoun H, Tarzaali D, Djennane N, Makhlouf C, Selmani I, Yasmine O, Amel K. Lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole caused biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical alterations in male rabbit liver: Ameliorative effect of vitamins A, D, E, C mixture. Toxicology 2023; 487:153464. [PMID: 36813254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides can cause serious environmental and human health consequences such as metabolic disruption and even cancers. Preventive molecules such as vitamins can be an effective solution. The present study aimed to investigate the toxic effect of an insecticide mixture formulation of lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole (Ampligo® 150 ZC), on the liver of male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and the possible ameliorative effect of vitamins A, D3, E, and C mixture. For that, 18 male rabbits were divided into 3 equal groups: Control (distilled water), AP (20 mg/Kg bw of the insecticide mixture every other day, orally for 28 days), AP+ADEC (20 mg/Kg bw of the insecticide mixture + 0,5 ml of vitamin AD3E+ 200 mg/kg bw of vitamin C every other day). The effects were evaluated on body weight, food intake changes, biochemical parameters, liver histology, and immunohistochemical expression of AFP, Bcl2, E-cadherin, Ki67, and P53. Results indicated that AP reduced weight gain (6.71%) and feed intake, increased ALT, ALP, and TC plasma levels, and caused hepatic tissular damages such as dilatation and congestion of the central vein, sinusoidal dilatation, inflammatory cells infiltration, and collagen deposition. Hepatic immunostaining showed an increase in the tissular expression of AFP, Bcl2, Ki67, and P53 and a significant (p < 0,05) decrease in E-cadherin expression. In contrast, supplementation of vitamins A, D3, E, and C mixture improved the previous observed alterations. Our study revealed that a sub-acute exposure to an insecticide mixture of lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole induced numerous functional and structural disorders in the rabbit liver and the addition of vitamins ameliorated these damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Settar
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Department of Agri-food, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria.
| | - Hassina Khaldoun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | - Dalila Tarzaali
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | - Nacima Djennane
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Bab El Oued, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chahrazed Makhlouf
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | - Ichrak Selmani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | | | - Khaldoune Amel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
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Kale OE, Adebesin AN, Kale TF, Farouk O, Osonuga IO, Soyinka OO, Uwaezuoke D, Olajide O, Akinloye V, Adedugbe O, Odibosa F, Akindele F, Oladele B, Wahab M, Ebele CC. Effects of glyphosate-based herbicide on gametes fertilization and four developmental stages in Clarias gariepinus. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15048. [PMID: 37064447 PMCID: PMC10102446 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative toxicology continues to provide information on how the age of every living organism affects the frequency, severity, and nature of the potentially toxic agent. We investigated the effect of glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) exposure on gametes and four developmental stages of Clarius gariepinus (C. gariepinus) (African Catfish). Gametes from healthy gravid female and mature male C. gariepinus were exposed to GBH in sublethal concentrations of 0.0 (G1, control), 0.02 (G2), 0.05 (G3), 0.1 (G4), 0.5 (G5), and 1.0 (G6) mg/L for 24 h at the standard conditions of temperature and water quality parameters. The surviving embryos were examined microscopically for malformation rate and edema occurrence post-GBH exposure. In a separate experiment; postfryer, fingerling, posfingerling and juvenile C. gariepinus were exposed to G1, G2, G3, G4, G5 and G6 of GBH concentrations daily consecutively for 28 days. Fish growth performance, behavioural changes, haematology, oxidative stress, and histology were assessed. From our results, GBH showed altered morphology 24 h post-fertilization, decreased body weight, growth parameters, behavioural indices, and survival rate in the various developmental stages. Oxidative stress metabolite, malondialdehyde levels, increases in the postfryer > postfingerlin > fingerling > juvenile C. gariepinus following GBH exposure. Leukopenia and thrombocytosis were observed in the postfingerlings and juvenile fish and decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione and activity of superoxide dismutase compared with the control. Histology showed gross necrosis of the fish gills, liver, brain, and cardiac myocytes in the exposed fish. Hence, our findings provide an insight into C. gariepinus developmental toxicity due to GBH, although continuous measurement of glyphosate levels in the fish and fish environment is essential.
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Epifano F, Genovese S, Palumbo L, Collevecchio C, Fiorito S. Protection of Mitochondrial Potential and Activity by Oxyprenylated Phenylpropanoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020259. [PMID: 36829818 PMCID: PMC9952183 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of five naturally occurring oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids, namely, the coumarins auraptene (7-geranyloxycoumarin) 1 and 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin 2, and the coumaric acid and ferulic acid derivatives, 4'-isopentenyloxycoumaric acid 3, boropinic acid 4, and 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid 5 were tested for their effects on mitochondrial functionality using the organophosphate pesticides glyphosate and chlorpyrifos, and resveratrol, as the reference. While not showing an appreciable in vitro antioxidant activity, and virtually no or a little effect on the viability of non-cancer cell lines BEAS-2B and SHSY-5Y, all phytochemicals exhibited a marked protective effect on mitochondrial potential and activity, with values that were comparable to resveratrol. Auraptene 1 and 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin 2 were seen to be the most effective secondary metabolite to this concern, in particular in being able to completely abolish the decrease of mitochondrial potential induced by increasing concentration of both glyphosate and chlorpyrifos. All the compounds tested also exhibited a protective effect on mitochondrial activity. The potency displayed will shed more light on the molecular basis of the beneficial effects of auraptene, 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, and structurally related oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids reported to date in the literature.
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Coperchini F, Greco A, Croce L, Denegri M, Magri F, Rotondi M, Chiovato L. In vitro study of glyphosate effects on thyroid cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120801. [PMID: 36462676 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a pesticide, which contaminates the environment and exposes workers and general population to its residues present in foods and waters. In soil, Glyphosate is degraded in metabolites, amino-methyl-phosphonic acid (AMPA) being the main one. Glyphosate is considered a potential cancerogenic and endocrine-disruptor agent, however its adverse effects on the thyroid were evaluated only in animal models and in vitro data are still lacking. Aim of this study was to investigate whether exposure to Glyphosate could exert adverse effects on thyroid cells in vitro. Two models (adherent-2D and spheroid-3D) derived from the same cell strain Fisher-rat-thyroid-cell line-5 (FRTL-5) were employed. After exposure to Glyphosate at increasing concentrations (0.0, 0.1-0.25- 0.5-1.0-2.0-10.0 mM) we evaluated cell viability by WST-1 (adherent and spheroids), results being confirmed by propidium-iodide staining (only for spheroids). Proliferation of adherent cells was assessed by crystal violet and trypan-blue assays, the increasing volume of spheroids was taken as a measure of proliferation. We also evaluated the ability of cells to form spheroids after Glyphosate exposure. We assessed changes of reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) by the cell-permeant H2DCFDA. Glyphosate-induced changes of mRNAs encoding for thyroid-related genes (TSHR, TPO, TG, NIS, TTF-1 and PAX8) were evaluated by RT-PCR. Glyphosate reduced cell viability and proliferation in both models, even if at different concentrations. Glyphosate at the highest concentration reduced the ability of FRTL-5 to form spheroids. An increased ROS production was found in both models after exposure to Glyphosate. Finally, Glyphosate increased the mRNA levels of some thyroid related genes (TSHR, TPO, TG and TTF-1) in both models, while it increased the mRNAs of PAX8 and NIS only in the adherent model. The present study supports an adverse effect of Glyphosate on cultured thyroid cells. Glyphosate reduced cell viability and proliferation and increased ROS production in thyroid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coperchini
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessia Greco
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Croce
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Marco Denegri
- Unit of Molecular Cardiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Flavia Magri
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Mario Rotondi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Luca Chiovato
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100, Italy.
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Tizhe EV, Igbokwe IO, Njoku CO, Fatihu MY, Tizhe UD, Ibrahim NDG, Unanam ES, Korzerzer RM. Effect of zinc supplementation on immunotoxicity induced by subchronic oral exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (GOBARA®) in Wistar rats. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605221147188. [PMID: 36636770 PMCID: PMC9841866 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221147188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of zinc supplementation on immunotoxicity induced by subchronic oral exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH). METHODS Sixty adult male Wistar rats randomly divided equally into six groups were exposed to GBH by gavage daily for 16 weeks with or without zinc pretreatment. Group DW rats received distilled water (2 mL/kg), group Z rats received zinc (50 mg/kg), and group G1 and G2 rats received 187.5 and 375 mg/kg GBH, respectively. Group ZG1 and ZG2 rats were pretreated with 50 mg/kg zinc before exposure to 187.5 and 375 mg/kg GBH, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgE) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spleen, submandibular lymph node, and thymus samples were processed for histopathology. RESULTS Exposure to GBH (G1 and G2) significantly increased serum TNF-α concentrations and significantly decreased serum IgG and IgM concentrations compared with the control levels. Moderate-to-severe lymphocyte depletion occurred in the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus in the GBH-exposed groups. Zinc supplementation mitigated the immunotoxic effects of GBH exposure. CONCLUSIONS GBH exposure increased pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, decreased immunoglobulin production, and depleted lymphocytes in lymphoid organs in rats, but zinc supplementation mitigated this immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel V Tizhe
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria,Emmanuel Vandi Tizhe, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Naraguta Campus, Ground Floor Room 3, University of Jos, P.M.B 2084, Jos, Plateau State 930001, Nigeria.
| | - Ikechukwu O Igbokwe
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Celestine O Njoku
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Y Fatihu
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Ussa D Tizhe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Najume DG Ibrahim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Essienifiok S Unanam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Rachel M Korzerzer
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
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Bai G, Jiang X, Qin J, Zou Y, Zhang W, Teng T, Shi B, Sun H. Perinatal exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides impairs progeny health and placental angiogenesis by disturbing mitochondrial function. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107579. [PMID: 36265358 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most widely used pesticide worldwide and can provoke placental injury. However, whether and how GBHs damage angiogenesis in the placenta is not yet known. This work evaluated the safety of glyphosate on pregnant sows based on the limit level by governments and investigated the effects and mechanism of Low-GBHs (20 mg/kg) and High-GBHs (100 mg/kg) exposure on placental angiogenesis. Results showed that gestational exposure to GBHs decreased placental vessel density and cell multiplication by interfering with the expression of VEGFA, PLGF, VEGFr2 and Hand2 (indicators of angiogenesis), which may be in relation to oxidative stress-induced disorders of mitochondrial fission and fusion as well as the impaired function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Additionally, GBHs destroyed barrier function and nutrient transport in the placenta, and was accompanied by jejunum oxidative stress in newborn piglets. However, GBHs exposure had no significant differences on sow reproductive performance. As a natural antioxidant, betaine treatment protected placenta and newborn piglets against GBHs-induced damage. In conclusion, GBHs impaired placental angiogenesis and function and further damaged the health of postnatal progeny, these effects may be linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Betaine treatment following glyphosate exposure provided modest relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jianwei Qin
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yingbin Zou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Teng Teng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Baoming Shi
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Haoyang Sun
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Wathsala RHGR, Folgueras EC, Iuffrida L, Candela M, Gotti R, Fiori J, Franzellitti S. Glyphosate and its breakdown product AMPA elicit cytoprotective responses in haemocytes of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:103997. [PMID: 36216252 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of glyphosate (GLY) and its metabolite AMPA on cytoprotective and detoxification mechanisms in haemocytes of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Cells were treated in vitro with 0.1 and 1.0 µg/L GLY, 0.1 µg/L, 0.1 and 1.0 µg/L AMPA, or two mixtures GLY+AMPA (0.1 µg/L GLY + 0.1 µg/L AMPA, 1.0 µg/L GLY + 1.0 µg/L AMPA). GLY and AMPA increased MXR efflux activity and modulated expression of the ABCB transcript encoding a MXR related ABC transporter P-glycoprotein. The mixtures GLY+AMPA reduced efflux activity with ABCB down-regulation (at 1 µg/L GLY/AMPA). Modulation of lysosomal and immune related transcripts generally agree with known effects of the chemicals on these physiological functions. Given their cumulative action as chemosensitizers of the MXR system, and their interactive effects on haemocyte parameters, glyphosate and AMPA at environmental concentrations should be addressed as a concern factor for the biological vulnerability of marine habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajapaksha Haddokara Gedara Rasika Wathsala
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Elena Catasús Folgueras
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Letizia Iuffrida
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Fano, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Fano, Italy; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Gotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jessica Fiori
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Franzellitti
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies, Fano, Italy.
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Ünlü Endirlik B, Bakır E, Ökçesiz A, Güler A, Hamurcu Z, Eken A, Dreij K, Gürbay A. Investigation of the toxicity of a glyphosate-based herbicide in a human liver cell line: Assessing the involvement of Nrf2 pathway and protective effects of vitamin E and α-lipoic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:103999. [PMID: 36252731 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most widely used herbicides all over the world and has gained more attention in recent years because of health safety concerns. In this study, Roundup, one of the most popular glyphosate formulations, was used to evaluate cytotoxic, oxidative stress and apoptosis inducing effects of GBHs in a human hepatocellular cell line (HepG2). Roundup was shown to significantly increase cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which lead to activation of the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant defense pathway including reduced levels of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Furthermore, Roundup was found to induce apoptosis and further analysis confirmed involvement of a mitochondrial-dependent pathway verified by increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. Investigation of the protective effects of antioxidants vitamin E (Vit E) and α-lipoic acid (LA) against Roundup toxicity showed that both antioxidants significantly reduced the cytotoxicity, ROS formation, HO-1 downregulation, and apoptosis and that Vit E did so more efficiently than LA. In conclusion, our findings highlight the ROS producing and apoptosis inducing effects associated with GBHs, the activation of Nrf2 pathway as a defense mechanism and the protective effects of Vit E and LA against GBH toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ünlü Endirlik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Elçin Bakır
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aysun Ökçesiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahsen Güler
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Hamurcu
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Eken
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kristian Dreij
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aylin Gürbay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Gotti R, Fiori J, Furlanetto S, Orlandini S, Candela M, Franzellitti S. Assessment of bioaccumulation of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in marine mussels using capillary electrophoresis with light‐emitting diode‐induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1681:463452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Makris KC, Efthymiou N, Konstantinou C, Anastasi E, Schoeters G, Kolossa-Gehring M, Katsonouri A. Oxidative stress of glyphosate, AMPA and metabolites of pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos pesticides among primary school children in Cyprus. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113316. [PMID: 35439459 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to various pesticides, such as pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos, has been previously associated with adverse effects on children's health. Scientific evidence on the human toxicity of glyphosate (GLY) and its primary metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) is limited, particularly for children. This study aimed to i) assess the exposure determinants of the studied pesticides measured in children in Cyprus, and ii) determine the association between the urinary pesticides and the biomarkers of DNA and lipid oxidative damage. METHODS A children's health study was set up in Cyprus (ORGANIKO study) by aligning it with the methodology and tools used in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU). Urinary GLY and AMPA, pyrethroid metabolites and the chlorpyrifos metabolite TCPy were measured in 177 children aged 10-11 years old, using mass spectrometry. Oxidative stress was assessed with 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a (8-iso-PGF2α) as a marker of lipid damage and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a DNA oxidative damage marker, both measured with immunoassays. Questionnaires about demographic characteristics, pesticide usage, and dietary habits were filled out by the parents. Μultivariable regression models examined associations between pesticides and biomarkers of effect using two creatinine adjustments (cr1: adding it as covariate and cr2: biomarkers of exposure and effect were creatinine-adjusted). RESULTS Parental educational level was a significant predictor of urinary pyrethroids but not for GLY/AMPA. Median [interquartile range, IQR] values for GLY and AMPA were 0.05). Similar significant associations with 8-OHdG were shown for a pyrethroid metabolite (3-PBA) and the chlorpyrifos metabolite (TCPy). No associations were observed between the aforementioned pesticides and 8-iso-PGF2α (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This is the first children's health dataset demonstrating the association between AMPA and DNA oxidative damage, globally. More data is needed to replicate the observed trends in other children's populations around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Makris
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Nikolaos Efthymiou
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Corina Konstantinou
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Elena Anastasi
- Cyprus State General Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Greet Schoeters
- The Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) and the University of Antwerp, Belgium
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Mesnage R, Ferguson S, Brandsma I, Moelijker N, Zhang G, Mazzacuva F, Caldwell A, Halket J, Antoniou MN. The surfactant co-formulant POEA in the glyphosate-based herbicide RangerPro but not glyphosate alone causes necrosis in Caco-2 and HepG2 human cell lines and ER stress in the ToxTracker assay. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 168:113380. [PMID: 36028061 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of co-formulants present in glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) has been widely discussed leading to the European Union banning the polyoxyethylene tallow amine (POEA). We identified the most commonly used POEA, known as POE-15 tallow amine (POE-15), in the widely used US GBH RangerPro. Cytotoxicity assays using human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 and hepatocyte HepG2 cell lines showed that RangerPro and POE-15 are far more cytotoxic than glyphosate alone. RangerPro and POE-15 but not glyphosate caused cell necrosis in both cell lines, and that glyphosate and RangerPro but not POE-15 caused oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. We further tested these pesticide ingredients in the ToxTracker assay, a system used to evaluate a compound's carcinogenic potential, to assess their capability for inducing DNA damage, oxidative stress and an unfolded protein response (endoplasmic reticulum, ER stress). RangerPro and POE-15 but not glyphosate gave rise to ER stress. We conclude that the toxicity resulting from RangerPro exposure is thus multifactorial involving ER stress caused by POE-15 along with oxidative stress caused by glyphosate. Our observations reinforce the need to test both co-formulants and active ingredients of commercial pesticides to inform the enactment of more appropriate regulation and thus better public and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Mesnage
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Scarlett Ferguson
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | | | - Gaonan Zhang
- Toxys, De Limes 7, 2342 DH, Oegstgeest, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca Mazzacuva
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, E15 4LZ, UK
| | - Anna Caldwell
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, E15 4LZ, UK
| | - John Halket
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, E15 4LZ, UK
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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Wang B, Habermehl C, Jiang L. Metabolomic analysis of honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.) response to glyphosate exposure. Mol Omics 2022; 18:635-642. [PMID: 35583168 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00046f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is among the world's most commonly used herbicides in agriculture and weed control. The use of this agrochemical has unintended consequences on non-target organisms, such as honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), the Earth's most prominent insect pollinator. However, detailed understanding of the biological effects in bees in response to sub-lethal glyphosate exposure is still limited. In this study, 1H NMR-based metabolomics was performed to investigate whether oral exposure to an environmentally realistic concentration (7.12 mg L-1) of glyphosate affects the regulation of honey bee metabolites in 2, 5, and 10 days. On Day 2 of glyphosate exposure, the honey bees showed significant downregulation of several essential amino acids, including leucine, lysine, valine, and isoleucine. This phenomenon indicates that glyphosate causes an obvious metabolic perturbation when the honey bees are subjected to the initial caging process. The mid-term (Day 5) results showed negligible metabolite-level perturbation, which indicated the low glyphosate impact on active honeybees. However, the long-term (Day 10) data showed evident separation between the control and experimental groups in the principal component analysis (PCA). This separation is the result of the combinatorial changes of essential amino acids such as threonine, histidine, and methionine, while the non-essential amino acids glutamine and proline as well as the carbohydrate sucrose were all downregulated. In summary, our study demonstrates that although no significant behavioral differences were observed in honey bees under sub-lethal doses of glyphosate, metabolomic level perturbation can be observed under short-term exposure when met with other environmental stressors or long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Calypso Habermehl
- Division of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Road, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA.
| | - Lin Jiang
- Division of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Road, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA.
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Bai G, Zhou R, Jiang X, Zou Y, Shi B. Glyphosate-based herbicides induces autophagy in IPEC-J2 cells and the intervention of N-acetylcysteine. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1878-1890. [PMID: 35388968 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most widely used pesticide in the world, and its extensive use has increased pressures on environmental safety and potential human and livestock health risks. This study investigated the effects of GBHs on antioxidant capacity, inflammatory cytokines, and autophagy of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and its molecular mechanism. Also, the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against the toxicity of GBHs were evaluated. Our results showed that the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-Px) were decreased by GBHs. GBHs increased inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and the mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2. GBHs induced the up-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and the phosphorylation of IκB-α and NFκB p65, up-regulation of LC3-II/LC3-I, and down-regulation of P62, and NFκB inhibitor decreased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8). Moreover, NAC reduced the cytotoxicity by suppressing ROS levels, and changed the autophagy-related proteins such as the suppression of LC3-II conversion and up-regulation of P62. Our findings unveil a novel mechanism of GBHs effects on IPEC-J2 cells and NAC can reverse cytotoxicity to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangdong Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruiying Zhou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingbin Zou
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Baoming Shi
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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