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Dharan R, Vaknin A, Sorkin R. Extracellular domain 2 of TSPAN4 governs its functions. BIOPHYSICAL REPORTS 2024; 4:100149. [PMID: 38562622 PMCID: PMC10982557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpr.2024.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Tetraspanin 4, a protein with four transmembrane helices and three connecting loops, senses membrane curvature and localizes to membrane tubes. This enrichment in tubular membranes enhances its diverse interactions. While the transmembrane part of the protein likely contributes to curvature sensitivity, the possible roles of the ectodomains in curvature sensitivity of tetraspanin 4 are still unknown. Here, using micropipette aspiration combined with confocal microscopy and optical tweezers, we show that the extracellular loop 2 contributes to the curvature sensitivity and curvature-induced interactions of tetraspanin 4. To this end, we created truncated tetraspanin 4 mutants by deleting each of the connecting loops. Subsequently, we pulled membrane tubes from giant plasma membrane vesicles containing tetraspanin 4-GFP or its mutants while maintaining controllable membrane tension and curvature. Among the mutations tested, the removal of the extracellular loop 2 had the most significant impact on both the curvature sensitivity and interactions of tetraspanin 4. Based on the results, we suggest that the extracellular loop 2 regulates the affinity of tetraspanin 4 towards curved membranes and affects its lateral interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raviv Dharan
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alisa Vaknin
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raya Sorkin
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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2
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Kashimura M. Blood defense system - Proposal for a new concept of an immune system against blood borne pathogens comprising the liver, spleen and bone marrow. Scand J Immunol 2024; 99:e13363. [PMID: 38605529 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Blood-borne pathogen (BBP) infections can rapidly progress to life-threatening sepsis and must therefore be promptly eliminated by the host's immune system. Intravascular macrophages of the liver sinusoid, splenic marginal zone and red pulp and perisinusoidal macrophage protrusions in the bone marrow (BM) directly phagocytose BBPs in the blood as an innate immune response. The liver, spleen and BM thereby work together as the blood defence system (BDS) in response to BBPs by exerting their different immunological roles. The liver removes the vast majority of these invading organisms via innate immunity, but their complete elimination is not possible without the actions of antibodies. Splenic marginal zone B cells promptly produce IgM and IgG antibodies against BBPs. The splenic marginal zone transports antigenic information from the innate to the adaptive immune systems. The white pulp of the spleen functions as adaptive immune tissue and produces specific and high-affinity antibodies with an immune memory against BBPs. The BM works to maintain immune memory by supporting the survival of memory B cells, memory T cells and long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs), all of which have dedicated niches. Furthermore, BM perisinusoidal naïve follicular B cells promptly produce IgM antibodies against BBPs in the BM sinusoid and the IgG memory B cells residing in the BM rapidly transform to plasma cells which produce high-affinity IgG antibodies upon reinfection. This review describes the complete immune defence characteristics of the BDS against BBPs through the collaboration of the liver, spleen and BM with combined different immunological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kashimura
- Department of Hematology, Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital, Matsudo, Japan
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3
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Yang C, Yokomori R, Chua LH, Tan SH, Koh MY, Totani H, Sanda T, Suda T. Deciphering the regulatory landscape of murine splenic response to anemic stress at single-cell resolution. Blood Adv 2024; 8:1651-1666. [PMID: 38315834 PMCID: PMC11006810 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Stress erythropoiesis can be influenced by multiple mediators through both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms in early erythroid precursors. Single-cell RNA sequencing was conducted on spleen tissue isolated from mice subjected to phenylhydrazine and serial bleeding to explore novel molecular mechanisms of stress erythropoiesis. Our results showed prominent emergence of early erythroblast populations under both modes of anemic stress. Analysis of gene expression revealed distinct phases during the development of emerging erythroid cells. Interestingly, we observed the presence of a "hiatus" subpopulation characterized by relatively low level of transcriptional activities that transitions between early stages of emerging erythroid cells, with moderate protein synthesis activities. Moreover, single-cell analysis conducted on macrophage populations revealed distinct transcriptional programs in Vcam1+ macrophages under stress. Notably, a novel marker, CD81, was identified for labeling central macrophages in erythroblastic islands (EBIs), which is functionally required for EBIs to combat anemic stress. These findings offer fresh insights into the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of early erythroblasts' response to stress, potentially informing the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for addressing anemic-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rui Yokomori
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lee Hui Chua
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Hao Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mun Yee Koh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haruhito Totani
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takaomi Sanda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- International Research Centre for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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4
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Querol Cano L, Dunlock VME, Schwerdtfeger F, van Spriel AB. Membrane organization by tetraspanins and galectins shapes lymphocyte function. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:193-212. [PMID: 37758850 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00935-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Immune receptors are not randomly distributed at the plasma membrane of lymphocytes but are segregated into specialized domains that function as platforms to initiate signalling, as exemplified by the B cell or T cell receptor complex and the immunological synapse. 'Membrane-organizing proteins' and, in particular, tetraspanins and galectins, are crucial for controlling the spatiotemporal organization of immune receptors and other signalling proteins. Deficiencies in specific tetraspanins and galectins result in impaired immune synapse formation, lymphocyte proliferation, antibody production and migration, which can lead to impaired immunity, tumour development and autoimmunity. In contrast to conventional ligand-receptor interactions, membrane organizers interact in cis (on the same cell) and modulate receptor clustering, receptor dynamics and intracellular signalling. New findings have uncovered their complex and dynamic nature, revealing shared binding partners and collaborative activity in determining the composition of membrane domains. Therefore, immune receptors should not be envisaged as independent entities and instead should be studied in the context of their spatial organization in the lymphocyte membrane. We advocate for a novel approach to study lymphocyte function by globally analysing the role of membrane organizers in the assembly of different membrane complexes and discuss opportunities to develop therapeutic approaches that act via the modulation of membrane organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Querol Cano
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vera-Marie E Dunlock
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fabian Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek B van Spriel
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Huang Y, Guo S, Lin Y, Huo L, Yan H, Lin Z, Chen Z, Cai J, Wu J, Yuan J, Guan H, Wu G, Wu W, Tao T. LincRNA01703 Facilitates CD81 + Exosome Secretion to Inhibit Lung Adenocarcinoma Metastasis via the Rab27a/SYTL1/CD81 Complex. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5781. [PMID: 38136327 PMCID: PMC10742068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis, a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, frequently occurs early in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the precise molecular mechanisms governing the aggressive metastatic behavior of LUAD remain incompletely understood. In this study, we present compelling evidence indicating that the long noncoding RNA linc01703 is significantly downregulated in metastatic lung cancer cells. Intriguingly, in vivo experiments revealed that Linc01703 exerted a profound inhibitory effect on lung cancer metastasis without discernible impact on the in vitro proliferation or invasion capacities of LUAD cells. Mechanistically, Linc01703 enhanced the interaction between Rab27a, SYTL1, and CD81, consequently promoting the secretion of CD81+ exosomes. These exosomes, in turn, suppressed the infiltration of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, thereby impeding LUAD metastasis. Importantly, our analysis of lung cancer tissues revealed a correlation between reduced CD81 expression and an unfavorable patient prognosis. Collectively, our findings suggest that Linc01703 functions as a metastasis suppressor by facilitating the secretion of CD81+ exosomes through the formation of the Rab27a/SYTL1/CD81 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China;
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Liyun Huo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hongmei Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhanwen Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zishuo Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Junchao Cai
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jueheng Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Guoyong Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Weibin Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospitalof Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Tianyu Tao
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
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6
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Lee X, Fan Z, Huang Z, Guo M, Peng D, Luo W, Qin Q, Wang S, Wei S, Yang M. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) CD81 promoting CyHV-3 virus replication via regulating autophagy and RLRs-interferon signaling pathway. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109181. [PMID: 37871756 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus type 3 (CyHV-3), also called Koi herpesvirus (KHV), which leads to mass cyprinid mortality and enormous economic losses. To establish an infection, CyHV-3 needs to counteract host antiviral responses. CD81 belongs to the evolutionary conserved tetraspanin family of proteins. Several studies have shown that different members of the tetraspanin superfamily modulates different virus infectious processes. Here we aimed at analysing the role of CD81 in CyHV-3 infection. In this study, we cloned and characterized the CD81 of Common Carp, the open reading frame of CcCD81 gene was 702 bp, which encoded 234 amino acids with four transmembrane domains (TM1 to TM4), a small extracellular loop (SEL), and a large extracellular loop (LEL). Tissue distribution analysis showed that CcCD81 was widely expressed in all the tested tissues with the highest expression in head kidney, followed by a high expression in brain. Subsequently, expression levels of CcCD81 were significantly increased in CCB cells within the first 3h after infection, meanwhile, the expression of viral gene VP136 was reduced after CcCD81 knockdown in CCB cells post CyHV-3 infection. Furthermore, CcCD81 knockdown can significantly reduce the autophagy process and increase the promoter activity of ISRE and IFN-1 in the CCB cells after viral infection, as well as other genes involved in the IFN signaling pathway, including RIG-1、MDA5、MAVS、TBK1 and IRF3. Taking the data together, we revealed that CcCD81 mediates autophagy and blocks RIG-1-mediated antiviral signaling and negatively regulates the promoter activity of type I interferon (IFN) promoting virus replication. These results reveal a new link between autophagy and four-transmembrane-domain protein superfamily and contribute to elucidate the mechanism of CyHV-3 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Lee
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Zihan Fan
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Min Guo
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Dikuang Peng
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Shina Wei
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
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7
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Tang HY, Lin M, Liang YQ, Wang JH, Yi HG, Yang M. Tspan5 promotes the EMT process to regulate the syncytialization of trophoblast cells by activating Notch signalling. ZYGOTE 2023; 31:498-506. [PMID: 37485669 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199423000369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Placental trophoblastic cells play important roles in placental development and fetal health. However, the mechanism of trophoblastic cell fusion is still not entirely clear. The level of Tspan5 in the embryo culture medium was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fusion of BeWo cells was observed by immunofluorescence. Cell fusion-related factors and EMT-related factors were identified by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Notch protein repressor DAPT was used to verify the role of Tspan5 in BeWo cells. The expression of Tspan5 was significantly increased in embryo culture medium. The fusion of BeWo cells was observed after treatment with forskolin (FSK). Cell fusion-related factors (i.e. β-hCG and syncytin 1/2) and Tspan5 were significantly increased after FSK treatment. In addition, FSK treatment promoted EMT-related protein expression in BeWo cells. Knockdown of Tspan5 inhibited cell fusion and EMT-related protein levels. Notch-1 and Jagged-1 protein levels were significantly upregulated, and the EMT process was activated by overexpression of Tspan5 in FSK-treated BeWo cells. Interestingly, blocking the Notch pathway by the repressor DAPT had the opposite results. These results indicated that Tspan5 could promote the EMT process by activating the Notch pathway, thereby causing cell fusion. These findings contribute to a better understanding of trophoblast cell syncytialization and embryonic development. Tspan5 may be used as a therapeutic target for normal placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yu Tang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou514000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou514000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong-Qian Liang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou514000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou514000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Gan Yi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou514000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou514000, Guangdong Province, China
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Jabin A, Uddin MF, Al Azad S, Rahman A, Tabassum F, Sarker P, Morshed AKMH, Rahman S, Raisa FF, Sakib MR, Olive AH, Islam T, Tahsin R, Ahmed SZ, Biswas P, Habiba MU, Siddiquy M, Jafary M. Target-specificity of different amyrin subunits in impeding HCV influx mechanism inside the human cells considering the quantum tunnel profiles and molecular strings of the CD81 receptor: a combined in silico and in vivo study. In Silico Pharmacol 2023; 11:8. [PMID: 36999133 PMCID: PMC10052254 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-023-00144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
HCV is a hepatotropic RNA virus recognized for its frequent virulence and fatality worldwide. Despite many vaccine development programs underway, researchers are on a quest for natural bioactive compounds due to their multivalent efficiencies against viral infections, considering which the current research aimed to figure out the target-specificity and therapeutic potentiality of α, β, and δ subunits of amyrin, as novel bioactive components against the HCV influx mechanism. Initially, the novelty of amyrin subunits was conducted from 203 pharmacophores, comparing their in-silico pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Besides, the best active site of CD81 was determined following the quantum tunneling algorithm. The molecular dynamic simulation was conducted (100 ns) following the molecular docking steps to reveal the parameters- RMSD (Å); Cα; RMSF (Å); MolSA (Å2); Rg (nm); PSA (Å); SASA (Å2), and the MM-GBSA dG binding scores. Besides, molecular strings of CD81, along with the co-expressed genes, were classified, as responsible for encoding CD81-mediated protein clusters during HCV infection, resulting in the potentiality of amyrins as targeted prophylactics in HCV infection. Finally, in vivo profiling of the oxidative stress marker, liver-specific enzymes, and antioxidant markers was conducted in the DMN-induced mice model, where β-amyrin scored the most significant values in all aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Jabin
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Fahim Uddin
- grid.413273.00000 0001 0574 8737College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Salauddin Al Azad
- grid.258151.a0000 0001 0708 1323Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ashfaque Rahman
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Fawzia Tabassum
- grid.412506.40000 0001 0689 2212Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Pritthy Sarker
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - A K M Helal Morshed
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Pathology and Pathophysiology Major, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450001 Henan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Samiur Rahman
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Fatima Fairuz Raisa
- grid.52681.380000 0001 0746 8691Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Brac University, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Musfiqur Rahman Sakib
- grid.449329.10000 0004 4683 9733Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100 Bangladesh
| | - Abeer Hasan Olive
- grid.442996.40000 0004 0451 6987Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Tabassum Islam
- grid.442996.40000 0004 0451 6987Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Ramisha Tahsin
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Shahlaa Zernaz Ahmed
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Partha Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Umme Habiba
- Data Science Research Unit, RPG Interface Lab, Jashore, 7400 Bangladesh
| | - Mahbuba Siddiquy
- grid.258151.a0000 0001 0708 1323State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Maryam Jafary
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416634793 Iran
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9
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Rokan A, Hernandez JC, Nitiyanandan R, Lin ZY, Chen CL, Machida T, Li M, Khanuja J, Chen ML, Tahara SM, Siddiqi I, Machida K. Gut-derived Endotoxin-TLR4 Signaling Drives MYC-Ig Translocation to Promote Lymphoproliferation through c-JUN and STAT3 Activation. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:155-169. [PMID: 36287175 PMCID: PMC9898117 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synergism between obesity and virus infection promotes the development of B-cell lymphoma. In this study, we tested whether obesity-associated endotoxin release induced activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). TLR4 activation in turn caused c-JUN-dependent and STAT3-dependent translocations of MYC loci to suppress transactivation of CD95/FAS. We used viral nucleocapside Core transgenic (Tg) mice fed alcohol Western diet to determine whether oncogenesis arising from obesity and chronic virus infection occurred through TLR4-c-JUN-STAT3 pathways. Our results showed B cell-specific, c-Jun and/or Stat3 disruption reduced the incidence of splenomegaly in these mice. AID-dependent t(8;14) translocation was observed between the Ig promoter and MYC loci. Comparison with human B cells showed MYC-immunoglobulin (Ig) translocations after virus infection with lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Accordingly, human patients with lymphoma with virus infections and obesity showed a 40% incidence of MYC-Ig translocations. Thus, obesity and virus infection promote AID-mediated translocation between the Ig promoter and MYC through the TLR4-c-JUN axis, resulting in lymphoproliferation. Taken together, preventative treatment targeting either c-JUN and/or STAT3 may be effective strategies to prevent tumor development. IMPLICATIONS Obesity increases gut-derived endotoxin which induces Toll-like receptor-mediated MYC-Ig translocation via c-JUN-STAT3, leading to lymphoproliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Rokan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences (MLS), Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU)
| | - Juan Carlos Hernandez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA,California State University Channel Islands, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rajeshwar Nitiyanandan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Zi-Ying Lin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Chia-Lin Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tatsuya Machida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Meng Li
- Norris Medical Library, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jasleen Khanuja
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mo Li Chen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Stanley M. Tahara
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Imran Siddiqi
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Keigo Machida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA,Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA,Correspondence: , 2011 Zonal Avenue, HMR503C, Los Angeles, CA 90089, Phone: +1-323-442-2692, Fax: +1-323-442-2091
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10
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Ma S, Yang K, Li Z, Li L, Feng Y, Wang X, Wang J, Zhu Z, Wang Z, Wang J, Zhu Y, Liu L. A retro-inverso modified peptide alleviated ovalbumin-induced asthma model by affecting glycerophospholipid and purine metabolism of immune cells. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2023; 78:102185. [PMID: 36563740 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2022.102185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease involving a variety of inflammatory cells. Immune imbalance or changes in the immune microenvironment are the essential causes that promote inflammation in allergic asthma. Tetraspanin CD81 can be used as a platform for receptor clustering and signal transmission owing to its special transmembrane structure and is known to participate in the physiological processes of cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration. Previous studies have shown that CD81-targeting peptidomimetics exhibit anti-allergic lung inflammation. However, due to the low metabolic stability of peptide drugs, their druggability is limited. Here, we aimed to generate a metabolically stable anti-CD81 peptide, evaluate its anti-inflammatory action and establish its mechanism of action. Based on previous reports, we applied retro-inverse peptide modification to obtain a new compound, PD00 (NH2-D-Gly-D-Ser-D-Thr-D-Tyr-D-Thr-D-Gln-D-Gly-COOH), with high metabolic stability. Enhanced ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to investigate the in vitro and in vivo metabolic stabilities of PD00. The affinities of PD00 and CD81 were studied using molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance techniques. An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model was used to evaluate the effects of PD00 in vivo. Mice were treated with different concentrations of PD00 (175 and 350 μg/kg) for 10 days. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to acetyl-β-methacholine (Mch), inflammatory cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serum OVA-specific IgE levels were detected in the mice at the end of the experiment. Lung tissues were collected for haematoxylin and eosin staining, untargeted metabolomic analysis, and single-cell transcriptome sequencing. PD00 has a high affinity for CD81; therefore, administration of PD00 markedly ameliorated AHR and airway inflammation in mice after OVA sensitisation and exposure. Serum OVA-specific IgE levels decreased considerably. In addition, PD00 treatment increased glycerophospholipid and purine metabolism in immune cells. Collectively, PD00 may regulate the glycerophospholipid and purine metabolism pathways to ameliorate the pathophysiological features of asthma. These findings suggest that PD00 is a potential compound for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yue Feng
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhengdan Zhu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Institute of Big Data Research, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-Ability Evaluation, Shanghai, PR China.
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11
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Friedlová N, Zavadil Kokáš F, Hupp TR, Vojtěšek B, Nekulová M. IFITM protein regulation and functions: Far beyond the fight against viruses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1042368. [PMID: 36466909 PMCID: PMC9716219 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1042368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are important cytokines that regulate immune responses through the activation of hundreds of genes, including interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs). This evolutionarily conserved protein family includes five functionally active homologs in humans. Despite the high sequence homology, IFITMs vary in expression, subcellular localization and function. The initially described adhesive and antiproliferative or pro-oncogenic functions of IFITM proteins were diluted by the discovery of their antiviral properties. The large set of viruses that is inhibited by these proteins is constantly expanding, as are the possible mechanisms of action. In addition to their beneficial antiviral effects, IFITM proteins are often upregulated in a broad spectrum of cancers. IFITM proteins have been linked to most hallmarks of cancer, including tumor cell proliferation, therapeutic resistance, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Recent studies have described the involvement of IFITM proteins in antitumor immunity. This review summarizes various levels of IFITM protein regulation and the physiological and pathological functions of these proteins, with an emphasis on tumorigenesis and antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nela Friedlová
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Filip Zavadil Kokáš
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ted R. Hupp
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bořivoj Vojtěšek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marta Nekulová
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czechia
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12
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Xu M, Li C, Yang J, Ye A, Yan L, Yeoh BS, Shi L, Kim YS, Kang J, Vijay-Kumar M, Xiong N. Activation of CD81 + skin ILC2s by cold-sensing TRPM8 + neuron-derived signals maintains cutaneous thermal homeostasis. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabe0584. [PMID: 35714201 PMCID: PMC9327500 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As the outermost barrier tissue of the body, the skin harbors a large number of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) that help maintain local homeostasis in the face of changing environments. How skin-resident ILCs are regulated and function in local homeostatic maintenance is poorly understood. We here report the discovery of a cold-sensing neuron-initiated pathway that activates skin group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) to help maintain thermal homeostasis. In stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) knockout mice whose skin is defective in heat maintenance, chronic cold stress induced excessive activation of CCR10-CD81+ST2+ skin ILC2s and associated inflammation. Mechanistically, stimulation of the cold-sensing receptor TRPM8 expressed in sensory neurons of the skin led to increased production of IL-18, which, in turn, activated skin ILC2s to promote thermogenesis. Our findings reveal a neuroimmune link that regulates activation of skin ILC2s to support thermal homeostasis and promotes skin inflammation after hyperactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA,Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China
Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Amy Ye
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Centre
for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Liping Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA
| | - Beng San Yeoh
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of
Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Lai Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yu Shin Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial surgery, University
of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio,
TX 78229
| | - Joonsoo Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts
Medical School, Albert Sherman Center Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of
Toledo College of Medicine & Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular
Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
78229, USA,Department of Medicine-Division of Dermatology and
Cutaneous Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San
Antonio, TX 78229, USA,Correspondence to N.X.
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13
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CD81 inhibition with the cytoplasmic RNA vector producing anti-CD81 antibodies suppresses arthritis in a rat CIA model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 604:22-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cheng J, Fernando R, Cheng H, Kachman SD, Lim K, Harding JCS, Dyck MK, Fortin F, Plastow GS, Canada P, Dekkers JCM. Genome-wide association study of disease resilience traits from a natural polymicrobial disease challenge model in pigs identifies the importance of the major histocompatibility complex region. G3 GENES|GENOMES|GENETICS 2022; 12:6486424. [PMID: 35100362 PMCID: PMC9210302 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Infectious diseases cause tremendous financial losses in the pork industry, emphasizing the importance of disease resilience, which is the ability of an animal to maintain performance under disease. Previously, a natural polymicrobial disease challenge model was established, in which pigs were challenged in the late nursery phase by multiple pathogens to maximize expression of genetic differences in disease resilience. Genetic analysis found that performance traits in this model, including growth rate, feed and water intake, and carcass traits, as well as clinical disease phenotypes, were heritable and could be selected for to increase disease resilience of pigs. The objectives of the current study were to identify genomic regions that are associated with disease resilience in this model, using genome-wide association studies and fine-mapping methods, and to use gene set enrichment analyses to determine whether genomic regions associated with disease resilience are enriched for previously published quantitative trait loci, functional pathways, and differentially expressed genes subject to physiological states. Multiple quantitative trait loci were detected for all recorded performance and clinical disease traits. The major histocompatibility complex region was found to explain substantial genetic variance for multiple traits, including for growth rate in the late nursery (12.8%) and finisher (2.7%), for several clinical disease traits (up to 2.7%), and for several feeding and drinking traits (up to 4%). Further fine mapping identified 4 quantitative trait loci in the major histocompatibility complex region for growth rate in the late nursery that spanned the subregions for class I, II, and III, with 1 single-nucleotide polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex class I subregion capturing the largest effects, explaining 0.8–27.1% of genetic variance for growth rate and for multiple clinical disease traits. This single-nucleotide polymorphism was located in the enhancer of TRIM39 gene, which is involved in innate immune response. The major histocompatibility complex region was pleiotropic for growth rate in the late nursery and finisher, and for treatment and mortality rates. Growth rate in the late nursery showed strong negative genetic correlations in the major histocompatibility complex region with treatment or mortality rates (−0.62 to −0.85) and a strong positive genetic correlation with growth rate in the finisher (0.79). Gene set enrichment analyses found genomic regions associated with resilience phenotypes to be enriched for previously identified disease susceptibility and immune capacity quantitative trait loci, for genes that were differentially expressed following bacterial or virus infection and immune response, and for gene ontology terms related to immune and inflammatory response. In conclusion, the major histocompatibility complex and other quantitative trait loci that harbor immune-related genes were identified to be associated with disease resilience traits in a large-scale natural polymicrobial disease challenge. The major histocompatibility complex region was pleiotropic for growth rate under challenge and for clinical disease traits. Four quantitative trait loci were identified across the class I, II, and III subregions of the major histocompatibility complex for nursery growth rate under challenge, with 1 single-nucleotide polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex class I subregion capturing the largest effects. The major histocompatibility complex and other quantitative trait loci identified play an important role in host response to infectious diseases and can be incorporated in selection to improve disease resilience, in particular the identified single-nucleotide polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex class I subregion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rohan Fernando
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Stephen D Kachman
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - KyuSang Lim
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - John C S Harding
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Michael K Dyck
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Frederic Fortin
- Centre de Développement du Porc du Québec Inc., Québec City, QC G1V 4M6, Canada
| | - Graham S Plastow
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - PigGen Canada
- PigGen Canada Research Consortium, Guelph, ON N1H4G8, Canada
| | - Jack C M Dekkers
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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15
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Hou X, Liu W, Yang X, Shao C, Gao L, Zhang L, Wei L. Extracellular microparticles derived from hepatic progenitor cells deliver a death signal to hepatoma-initiating cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:79. [PMID: 35164767 PMCID: PMC8842981 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe malignant transformation of normal resident hepatic stem/progenitor cells has a critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis and the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We defined such hepatic progenitor cells as hepatoma-initiating cells. An efficient strategy is required to target and kill the hepatoma-initiating cells. We isolated extracellular microparticles (MPs) derived from apoptotic hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) and tested their ability to inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. Extracellular MPs were isolated from HPCs, hepatocytes and liver tumor cells. Their effects on tumor growth were investigated in rat primary HCC models, in which hepatocarcinogenesis is induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). The extracellular MPs derived from apoptotic HPCs, apoptotic hepatocytes and apoptotic liver tumor cells were similar in morphology, diameter and zeta potential. However, they had different antitumor effects. In DEN-exposed rats, only the MPs derived from apoptotic HPCs effectively inhibit hepatocarcinogenesis. In vitro and in vivo analyses confirmed that HPCs preferentially take up MPs derived from apoptotic HPCs compared to MPs from other liver cell types. Proteomic analysis of MPs from apoptotic HPCs showed enrichment of proteins involved in cell death pathways. Thus, HPC-derived MPs contain a death signal to induce the killing of hepatoma-initiating cells. Our findings provide evidence that a death signal encapsulated in HPC-derived extracellular microparticles can efficiently clear hepatoma-initiating cells and prevent hepatocarcinogenesis.
Graphical Abstract
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16
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Xiong NX, Ou J, Fan LF, Kuang XY, Fang ZX, Luo SW, Mao ZW, Liu SJ, Wang S, Wen M, Luo KK, Hu FZ, Wu C, Liu QF. Blood cell characterization and transcriptome analysis reveal distinct immune response and host resistance of different ploidy cyprinid fish following Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:547-559. [PMID: 34923115 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila can pose a great threat to survival of freshwater fish. In this study, A. hydrophila infection could decrease blood cell numbers, promote blood cell damage as well as alter the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lysozyme (LZM), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in immune-related tissues of red crucian carp (RCC, 2 N = 100) and triploid cyprinid fish (3 N fish, 3 N = 150). In addition, the significant alternation of antioxidant status was observed in PBMCs isolated from RCC and 3 N following LPS stimulation. The core differential expression genes (DEGs) involved in apoptosis, immunity, inflammation and cellular signals were co-expressed differentially in RCC and 3 N following A. hydrophila challenge. NOD-like receptor (NLR) signals appeared to play a critical role in A. hydrophila-infected fish. DEGs of NLR signals in RCCah vs RCCctl were enriched in caspase-1-dependent Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion, interferon (IFN) signals as well as cytokine activation, while DEGs of NLR signals in 3Nah vs 3Nctl were enriched in caspase-1-dependent IL-1β secretion and antibacterial autophagy. These results highlighted the differential signal regulation of different ploidy cyprinid fish to cope with bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Xia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Jie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Lan-Fen Fan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Xu-Ying Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Zi-Xuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Sheng-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
| | - Zhuang-Wen Mao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China
| | - Shao-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
| | - Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Ming Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Kai-Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Fang-Zhou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Chang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Qing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
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Chen Y, Qiu C, Cai W. Identification of key immune genes for sepsis-induced ARDS based on bioinformatics analysis. Bioengineered 2021; 13:697-708. [PMID: 34898369 PMCID: PMC8805974 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regarding the extremely high mortality caused by sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it is urgent to develop new biomarkers of sepsis-induced ARDS for treatment. Here, 532 differential expression genes (DEGs) related to sepsis and 433 DEGs related to sepsis-induced ARDS were screened in the GSE32707 dataset. Compared with sepsis samples, sepsis ARDS samples showed a higher infiltration of activated memory CD4 T cells and naive B cells, but a relatively lower infiltration of CD8 T cells. The pink and green modules which are significantly associated with sepsis-induced ARDS were then screened through co-expression network analysis. Differentially up-regulated GYPE and aberrantly down-regulated HSPB1, were subsequently found in the pink module of ARDS. CD81 and RPL22, two differentially low-expressed genes peculiar to ARDS, were identified in the green module. The function of CD81 was verified at the cellular level, and it was found that the up-regulation of CD81 in A549 could alleviate the LPS-induced injury of A549 cells. More importantly, the overexpressed CD81 can also increase the content of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg in Jurkat cells, and after the co-culture of overexpressed CD81 Jurkat cells with LPS treatment A549 cells, the LPS-induced lung epithelial cell damage can be improved. Overall, four new plasma biomarker candidates were found in sepsis-induced ARDS, and we verified that CD81 may play critical roles in the biological and immunological processes of sepsis-induced ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- The Second Clinical Medicine College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenhui Qiu
- The Second Clinical Medicine College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanru Cai
- Department of Pneumology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Pitsava G, Feldkamp ML, Pankratz N, Lane J, Kay DM, Conway KM, Shaw GM, Reefhuis J, Jenkins MM, Almli LM, Olshan AF, Pangilinan F, Brody LC, Sicko RJ, Hobbs CA, Bamshad M, McGoldrick D, Nickerson DA, Finnell RH, Mullikin J, Romitti PA, Mills JL. Exome sequencing of child-parent trios with bladder exstrophy: Findings in 26 children. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3028-3041. [PMID: 34355505 PMCID: PMC8446314 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bladder exstrophy (BE) is a rare, lower ventral midline defect with the bladder and part of the urethra exposed. The etiology of BE is unknown but thought to be influenced by genetic variation with more recent studies suggesting a role for rare variants. As such, we conducted paired-end exome sequencing in 26 child/mother/father trios. Three children had rare (allele frequency ≤ 0.0001 in several public databases) inherited variants in TSPAN4, one with a loss-of-function variant and two with missense variants. Two children had loss-of-function variants in TUBE1. Four children had rare missense or nonsense variants (one per child) in WNT3, CRKL, MYH9, or LZTR1, genes previously associated with BE. We detected 17 de novo missense variants in 13 children and three de novo loss-of-function variants (AKR1C2, PRRX1, PPM1D) in three children (one per child). We also detected rare compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants in PLCH2 and CLEC4M and rare inherited missense or loss-of-function variants in additional genes applying autosomal recessive (three genes) and X-linked recessive inheritance models (13 genes). Variants in two genes identified may implicate disruption in cell migration (TUBE1) and adhesion (TSPAN4) processes, mechanisms proposed for BE, and provide additional evidence for rare variants in the development of this defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Pitsava
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marcia L. Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, 295 Chipeta Way, Suite 2S010, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - John Lane
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Denise M. Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | - Kristin M. Conway
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Gary M. Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mary M. Jenkins
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lynn M. Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrew F. Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Faith Pangilinan
- Gene and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lawrence C. Brody
- Gene and Environment Interaction Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert J. Sicko
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | | | - Mike Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel McGoldrick
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Richard H. Finnell
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - James Mullikin
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paul A. Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - James L. Mills
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Liu P, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Peng C, Yang W, Li X, Zhang C, Li M, Han J, Lu Y. Integrative overview of IFITMs family based on Bioinformatics analysis. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2021; 10:165-172. [PMID: 34466338 PMCID: PMC8397817 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2021.01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) family is a multi-functional biomacromolecule family playing a critical role in various physiological processes, such as, antiviral immunity, tumor suppression, and bone formation. Although there are many studies proving that a subset of tumors strongly links to the changes of IFITMs, the link between different IFITMs mutant types and diverse tumors has not been studied thoroughly. To investigate the law of expression among IFITMs internal members and the linking of IFITMs mutant types and cancers, online databases were used to pool together relevant data for bioinformatics analysis. Here, we summarize mutations, expression, and functions of human IFITMs, analyze diverse expression levels of IFITMs in physiological and pathological tissues, predict protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and target miRNAs and relevant signaling pathways of IFITMs. The results show that IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3 have similar motif pattern constructions and physiological functions, while IFITM5 and IFITM10 show far diversity from them. Particularly, IFITM1-3, in conjunction with interacting proteins, is strongly related to development and overall survival rates of a portion of cancers, including renal cancer and uveal melanoma (UVM). This trait may make IFITM1-3 become a prognostic marker of cancers. Meanwhile, hsa_circ_0116375 has been found as the common circRNA for IFITM2, IFITM3, IFITM5, and IFITM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanming Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xianxian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanqin Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, Shandong, China
- Address correspondence to:Yanqin Lu, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences. # 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan 250117, China. E-mail:
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Deng Y, Cai S, Shen J, Peng H. Tetraspanins: Novel Molecular Regulators of Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:702510. [PMID: 34222025 PMCID: PMC8250138 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.702510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth and fifth most common cancer worldwide in men and women, respectively. However, patients with an advanced stage of gastric cancer still have a poor prognosis and low overall survival rate. The tetraspanins belong to a protein superfamily with four hydrophobic transmembrane domains and 33 mammalian tetraspanins are ubiquitously distributed in various cells and tissues. They interact with other membrane proteins to form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains and serve a variety of functions including cell adhesion, invasion, motility, cell fusion, virus infection, and signal transduction. In this review, we summarize multiple utilities of tetraspanins in the progression of gastric cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms. In general, the expression of TSPAN8, CD151, TSPAN1, and TSPAN4 is increased in gastric cancer tissues and enhance the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells, while CD81, CD82, TSPAN5, TSPAN9, and TSPAN21 are downregulated and suppress gastric cancer cell growth. In terms of cell motility regulation, CD9, CD63 and CD82 are metastasis suppressors and the expression level is inversely associated with lymph node metastasis. We also review the clinicopathological significance of tetraspanins in gastric cancer including therapeutic targets, the development of drug resistance and prognosis prediction. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical value and current limitations of tetraspanins in gastric cancer treatments, and provide some guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Deng
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sicheng Cai
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiming Peng
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Susa KJ, Rawson S, Kruse AC, Blacklow SC. Cryo-EM structure of the B cell co-receptor CD19 bound to the tetraspanin CD81. Science 2021; 371:300-305. [PMID: 33446559 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd9836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Signaling through the CD19-CD81 co-receptor complex, in combination with the B cell receptor, is a critical determinant of B cell development and activation. It is unknown how CD81 engages CD19 to enable co-receptor function. Here, we report a 3.8-angstrom structure of the CD19-CD81 complex bound to a therapeutic antigen-binding fragment, determined by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). The structure includes both the extracellular domains and the transmembrane helices of the complex, revealing a contact interface between the ectodomains that drives complex formation. Upon binding to CD19, CD81 opens its ectodomain to expose a hydrophobic CD19-binding surface and reorganizes its transmembrane helices to occlude a cholesterol binding pocket present in the apoprotein. Our data reveal the structural basis for CD19-CD81 complex assembly, providing a foundation for rational design of therapies for B cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Susa
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shaun Rawson
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Stephen C Blacklow
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. .,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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22
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Hasezaki T, Yoshima T, Mattsson M, Särnefält A, Takubo K. A monoclonal antibody recognizing a new epitope on CD81 inhibits T-cell migration without inducing cytokine production. J Biochem 2020; 167:399-409. [PMID: 31794019 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD81 is involved in leukocyte migration and cytokine induction. Previous work found that anti-CD81 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) showed therapeutic potential for several immune diseases via inhibiting leukocyte migration. Although the suppression of cell migration is a promising approach for treating immune diseases, some anti-CD81 mAbs can induce cytokine production, which may exacerbate disease. To obtain new anti-human CD81 mAbs that inhibited migration in the absence of cytokine production enhancement activity, we screened a human single chain variable fragment by phage library. One of the new anti-CD81 mAbs isolated, DSP-8250, had equivalent inhibitory cell migration activity with the established anti-CD81 mAb 5A6, but it lacked cytokine induction activity. These mAbs recognized different epitopes on CD81. mAb 5A6, which had inhibitory activity on T-cell migration and increased cytokine production, bound to three residues, Ser179, Asn180 and Phe186 of CD81. In contrast, DSP-8250, which had inhibitory activity on T-cell migration but no cytokine enhancement activity, bound to four residues, His151, Ala164, Ser168 and Asn172 of CD81 as a unique epitope. These results indicate that the set of His151, Ala164, Ser168 and Asn172 forms a novel epitope that might make the application of anti-CD81 mAb therapeutically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hasezaki
- External Innovation, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Yoshima
- Applied Bioscience Group, Bioscience Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd, 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Mikael Mattsson
- BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, SE-223 70 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Särnefält
- BioInvent International AB, Sölvegatan 41, SE-223 70 Lund, Sweden
| | - Keiko Takubo
- Group II, Platform Technology Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
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23
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Araldi RP, D’Amelio F, Vigerelli H, de Melo TC, Kerkis I. Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as Therapeutic Approach for Neurodegenerative Disorders: From Biology to Biotechnology. Cells 2020; 9:E2663. [PMID: 33322404 PMCID: PMC7763259 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging population has contributed to the rapid rise in the global incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the medical advances, there are no effective treatments for these disorders. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new treatments for these diseases. In this sense, cell therapy has been recognized as the best candidate for treating incurable diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders. However, the therapeutic use of these cells can be limited by several factors. Thus, there has been a rediscovery that extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, can be alternatively explored in the treatment of these diseases, overcoming the limits of cell-based therapy. In this sense, this review aims to revisit all areas from biology, including biogenesis and the content of exosomes, to biotechnology, proposing the minimal information required to isolate, characterize, and study the content of these vesicles for scientific and/or clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, 1500, Vital Brasil St., Sao Paulo SP 05503-900, Brazil; (R.P.A.); (F.D.); (H.V.); (T.C.d.M.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Pauloa (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo SP 04021-001, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo SP 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Fernanda D’Amelio
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, 1500, Vital Brasil St., Sao Paulo SP 05503-900, Brazil; (R.P.A.); (F.D.); (H.V.); (T.C.d.M.)
| | - Hugo Vigerelli
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, 1500, Vital Brasil St., Sao Paulo SP 05503-900, Brazil; (R.P.A.); (F.D.); (H.V.); (T.C.d.M.)
| | - Thatiana Correa de Melo
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, 1500, Vital Brasil St., Sao Paulo SP 05503-900, Brazil; (R.P.A.); (F.D.); (H.V.); (T.C.d.M.)
| | - Irina Kerkis
- Genetics Laboratory, Instituto Butantan, 1500, Vital Brasil St., Sao Paulo SP 05503-900, Brazil; (R.P.A.); (F.D.); (H.V.); (T.C.d.M.)
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo SP 04021-001, Brazil
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24
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Tetraspanins: useful multifunction proteins for the possible design and development of small-molecule therapeutic tools. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:56-68. [PMID: 33137483 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetraspanins constitute a well-conserved superfamily of four-span small membrane proteins (TM4SF), with >30 members in humans, with important roles in numerous mechanisms of cell biology. Moreover, tetraspanins associate with either specific partner proteins or another tetraspanin, generating a network of interactions involved in cell and membrane compartmentalization and having a role in cellular development, proliferation, activation, motility, and membrane fusions. Therefore, tetraspanins are considered regulators of cellular signaling and are often depicted as 'molecular facilitators'. In view of these many physiological functions, it is likely that these molecules are important actors in pathological processes. In this review, we present the main characteristics of this superfamily, providing a more detailed description of some significant representatives and discuss their relevance as potential targets for the design and development of small-molecule therapeutics in different pathologies.
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25
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Larios J, Mercier V, Roux A, Gruenberg J. ALIX- and ESCRT-III-dependent sorting of tetraspanins to exosomes. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:133723. [PMID: 32049272 PMCID: PMC7054990 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201904113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) of endosomes mediate the delivery of activated signaling receptors and other proteins to lysosomes for degradation, but they also modulate intercellular communication when secreted as exosomes. The formation of ILVs requires four complexes, ESCRT-0, -I, -II, and -III, with ESCRT-0, -I, and -II presumably involved in cargo sorting and ESCRT-III in membrane deformation and fission. Here, we report that an active form of the ESCRT-associated protein ALIX efficiently recruits ESCRT-III proteins to endosomes. This recruitment occurs independently of other ESCRTs but requires lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) in vivo, and can be reconstituted on supported bilayers in vitro. Our data indicate that this ALIX- and ESCRT-III-dependent pathway promotes the sorting and delivery of tetraspanins to exosomes. We conclude that ALIX provides an additional pathway of ILV formation, secondary to the canonical pathway, and that this pathway controls the targeting of exosomal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Larios
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Roux
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
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26
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The tetraspanin CD151 marks a unique population of activated human T cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15748. [PMID: 32978478 PMCID: PMC7519159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72719-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins are a family of proteins with an array of functions that are well studied in cancer biology, but their importance in immunology is underappreciated. Here we establish the tetraspanin CD151 as a unique marker of T-cell activation and, in extension, an indicator of elevated, systemic T-cell activity. Baseline CD151 expression found on a subset of T-cells was indicative of increased activation of the MAPK pathway. Following TCR/CD3 activation, CD151 expression was upregulated on the overall T-cell population, a quintessential feature of an activation marker. CD151+ T-cell frequencies in the spleen, an organ with increased immune activity, were twice as high as in paired peripheral blood samples. This CD151+ T-cell frequency increase was not paralleled by an increase of CD25 or CD38, demonstrating that CD151 expression is regulated independently of other T-cell activation markers. CD151+ T-cells were also more likely to express preformed granzyme B, suggesting that CD151+ T cells are pro-inflammatory. To this end, HIV-1 patients on antiretroviral therapy who are reported to exhibit chronically elevated levels of immune activity, had significantly higher CD4+CD151+ T-cell frequencies than healthy controls, raising the possibility that proinflammatory CD151+ T cells could contribute to the premature immunological aging phenotype observed in these patients.
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27
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Alberione MP, Moeller R, Kirui J, Ginkel C, Doepke M, Ströh LJ, Machtens JP, Pietschmann T, Gerold G. Single-nucleotide variants in human CD81 influence hepatitis C virus infection of hepatoma cells. Med Microbiol Immunol 2020; 209:499-514. [PMID: 32322956 PMCID: PMC7176029 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-020-00675-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An estimated number of 71 million people are living with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection worldwide and 400,000 annual deaths are related to the infection. HCV entry into the hepatocytes is complex and involves several host factors. The tetraspanin human CD81 (hCD81) is one of the four essential entry factors and is composed of one large extracellular loop, one small extracellular loop, four transmembrane domains, one intracellular loop and two intracellular tails. The large extracellular loop interacts with the E2 glycoprotein of HCV. Regions outside the large extracellular loop (backbone) of hCD81 have a critical role in post-binding entry steps and determine susceptibility of hepatocytes to HCV. Here, we investigated the effect of five non-synonymous single-nucleotide variants in the backbone of hCD81 on HCV susceptibility. We generated cell lines that stably express the hCD81 variants and infected the cells using HCV pseudoparticles and cell culture-derived HCV. Our results show that all the tested hCD81 variants support HCV pseudoparticle entry with similar efficiency as wild-type hCD81. In contrast, variants A54V, V211M and M220I are less supportive to cell culture-derived HCV infection. This altered susceptibility is HCV genotype dependent and specifically affected the cell entry step. Our findings identify three hCD81 genetic variants that are impaired in their function as HCV host factors for specific viral genotypes. This study provides additional evidence that genetic host variation contributes to inter-individual differences in HCV infection and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pía Alberione
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Moeller
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jared Kirui
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Corinne Ginkel
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mandy Doepke
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Luisa J Ströh
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan-Philipp Machtens
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-1), Molekular- und Zellphysiologie, and JARA-HPC, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Pietschmann
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gisa Gerold
- Institute for Experimental Virology, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Medical School Hannover and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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28
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Choi D, Go G, Kim DK, Lee J, Park SM, Di Vizio D, Gho YS. Quantitative proteomic analysis of trypsin-treated extracellular vesicles to identify the real-vesicular proteins. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 9:1757209. [PMID: 32489530 PMCID: PMC7241501 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1757209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles surrounded by a lipid bilayer and released into the extracellular milieu by most of cells. Although various EV isolation methods have been established, most of the current methods isolate EVs with contaminated non-vesicular proteins. By applying the label-free quantitative proteomic analyses of human colon cancer cell SW480-derived EVs, we identified trypsin-sensitive and trypsin-resistant vesicular proteins. Further systems biology and protein-protein interaction network analyses based on their cellular localization, we classified the trypsin-sensitive and trypsin-resistant vesicular proteins into two subgroups: 363 candidate real-vesicular proteins and 151 contaminated non-vesicular proteins. Moreover, the protein interaction network analyses showed that candidate real-vesicular proteins are mainly derived from plasma membrane (46.8%), cytosol (36.6%), cytoskeleton (8.0%) and extracellular region (2.5%). On the other hand, most of the contaminated non-vesicular proteins derived from nucleus, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In addition, ribosomal protein complexes and T-complex proteins were classified as the contaminated non-vesicular proteins. Taken together, our trypsin-digested proteomic approach on EVs is an important advance to identify the real-vesicular proteins that could help to understand EV biogenesis and protein cargo-sorting mechanism during EV release, to identify more reliable EV diagnostic marker proteins, and to decode pathophysiological roles of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsic Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gyeongyun Go
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyum Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewook Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Min Park
- Pohang Center for Evaluation of Biomaterials, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Department of Surgery, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yong Song Gho
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
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29
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Susa KJ, Seegar TCM, Blacklow SC, Kruse AC. A dynamic interaction between CD19 and the tetraspanin CD81 controls B cell co-receptor trafficking. eLife 2020; 9:e52337. [PMID: 32338599 PMCID: PMC7228769 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD81 and its binding partner CD19 are core subunits of the B cell co-receptor complex. While CD19 belongs to the extensively studied Ig superfamily, CD81 belongs to a poorly understood family of four-pass transmembrane proteins called tetraspanins. Tetraspanins play important physiological roles by controlling protein trafficking and other processes. Here, we show that CD81 relies on its ectodomain to traffic CD19 to the cell surface. Moreover, the anti-CD81 antibody 5A6, which binds selectively to activated B cells, recognizes a conformational epitope on CD81 that is masked when CD81 is bound to CD19. Mutations of CD81 in this interface suppress its CD19 export activity. These data indicate that the CD81 - CD19 interaction is dynamically regulated upon B cell activation and this dynamism can be exploited to regulate B cell function. These results are not only valuable for understanding B cell biology, but also have important implications for understanding tetraspanin function generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Susa
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Tom CM Seegar
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
| | - Stephen C Blacklow
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Cancer BiologyBostonUnited States
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
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Hasezaki T, Yoshima T, Mine Y. Anti-CD81 antibodies reduce migration of activated T lymphocytes and attenuate mouse experimental colitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6969. [PMID: 32332834 PMCID: PMC7181603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immunological disease associated with CD4+ T cell activation in the intestines. CD81 is a regulator of the immune system with multiple biological functions. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the contribution of CD81 to IBD pathophysiology and the therapeutic efficacy of anti-CD81 antibodies. Expression of CD81 was increased on activated T cells in vitro and in colitic mice in vivo. Therapeutic effects of anti-CD81 antibodies on colitic symptoms and inflammation were evaluated in mice with colitis, including long-term effects of the antibodies. Treatment with anti-CD81 antibodies improved colitis scores, reduced colon shortening, decreased loss of body weight, and resulted in fewer pathological changes of the colon in colitic mice. Moreover, the increased inflammatory markers in the blood of colitic mice were decreased by anti-CD81 antibodies. The anti-CD81 antibody treatment had long-lasting therapeutic effects on colitic mice, even after cessation of treatment. Two different clones of the anti-mouse CD81 antibody were also effective in mice with colitis. Furthermore, anti-CD81 antibodies reduced migration of CD4+ T cells both in colitic mice and in vitro. Thus, CD81 contributes to IBD pathology and treatment with anti-CD81 antibodies may be a potential novel therapy for IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hasezaki
- External Innovation, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, Osaka, 554-0022, Japan.
| | - Tadahiko Yoshima
- Applied Bioscience Group, Bioscience Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd, Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yukiko Mine
- Group 2, Platform Technology Research Unit, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd, Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
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A 7-Amino Acid Peptide Mimic from Hepatitis C Virus Hypervariable Region 1 Inhibits Mouse Lung Th9 Cell Differentiation by Blocking CD81 Signaling during Allergic Lung Inflammation. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:4184380. [PMID: 32258172 PMCID: PMC7109583 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4184380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper (Th) cells orchestrate allergic lung inflammation in asthma pathogenesis. Th9 is a novel Th cell subset that mainly produces IL-9, a potent proinflammatory cytokine in asthma. A 7-amino acid peptide (7P) of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of hepatitis C virus has been identified as an important regulator in the type 2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) immune response. However, it is unknown whether 7P regulates Th9 cell differentiation during ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced allergic lung inflammation. To address this, we studied wild-type mice treated with 7P and a control peptide in an in vivo mouse model of OVA-induced allergic inflammation and an in vitro cell model of Th9 differentiation, using flow cytometry, cytokine assays, and quantitative PCR. The binding of 7P to CD81 on naïve CD4+ T cells during lung Th9 differentiation was determined using CD81 overexpression and siRNA knockdown analyses. Administration of 7P significantly reduced Th9 cell differentiation after OVA sensitization and exposure. 7P also inhibited Th9 cell differentiation from naïve and memory CD4+ T cells in vitro. Furthermore, 7P inhibited the differentiation of human Th9 cells with high CD81 expression from naïve CD4+ T cells by blocking CD81 signaling. CD81 siRNA significantly reduced Th9 cell differentiation from naïve CD4+ T cells in vitro. Interestingly, CD81 overexpression in human naïve CD4+ T cells also enhanced Th9 development in vitro. These data indicate that 7P may be a good candidate for reducing IL-9 production in asthma.
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Gerold G, Moeller R, Pietschmann T. Hepatitis C Virus Entry: Protein Interactions and Fusion Determinants Governing Productive Hepatocyte Invasion. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a036830. [PMID: 31427285 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry is among the best-studied uptake processes for human pathogenic viruses. Uptake follows a spatially and temporally tightly controlled program. Numerous host factors including proteins, lipids, and glycans promote productive uptake of HCV particles into human liver cells. The virus initially attaches to surface proteoglycans, lipid receptors such as the scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI), and to the tetraspanin CD81. After lateral translocation of virions to tight junctions, claudin-1 (CLDN1) and occludin (OCLN) are essential for entry. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis engulfs HCV particles, which fuse with endosomal membranes after pH drop. Uncoating of the viral RNA genome in the cytoplasm completes the entry process. Here we systematically review and classify HCV entry factors by their mechanistic role, relevance, and level of evidence. Finally, we report on more recent knowledge on determinants of membrane fusion and close with an outlook on future implications of HCV entry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisa Gerold
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Virology, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology & Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Moeller
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Virology, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Pietschmann
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Virology, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Zhang X, Hubal MJ, Kraus VB. Immune cell extracellular vesicles and their mitochondrial content decline with ageing. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2020; 17:1. [PMID: 31911808 PMCID: PMC6942666 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-019-0172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Although the mechanisms of action are not fully understood, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key indicators and effectors of immune function. Characterizing circulating EVs associated with stem and immune cells across the lifespan of healthy individuals could aid an understanding of immunosenescence, a process of age-related decline of cells in both adaptive and innate immune systems. Results Using high resolution multicolor flow cytometry, we identified three major subsets of EVs of varying sizes in healthy control (HC) plasma. Multiple plasma EVs associated with immune cells declined with ageing in HCs. In addition, we observed age-associated declines of respiring mitochondria cargo in EVs of several types of immune cells, suggesting that these parent cells may experience a decline in mitophagy or a mitochondrial dysfunction-induced immunosenescence. By contrast, the number of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell-associated EVs were high and carried respiring mitochondria, which did not decline with age. Conclusion As demonstrated here, multicolor flow cytometry simultaneously measures plasma EV size, surface markers and cargo that reflect biological processes of specific cell types. The distinct surface markers and cytokine cargo of plasma EVs suggest that they may carry different bio-messages and originate by different biogenesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- 1Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701 USA.,2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina USA
| | - Monica Jeanne Hubal
- 3School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana USA
| | - Virginia Byers Kraus
- 1Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27701 USA.,4Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina USA
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Ashraf Malik M, Ishtiyaq Ali Mirza J, Umar M, Manzoor S. CD81 + Exosomes Play a Pivotal Role in the Establishment of Hepatitis C Persistent Infection and Contribute Toward the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Viral Immunol 2019; 32:453-462. [PMID: 31755827 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD81 serves as an immune modulator, playing its role in tumor growth and metastasis of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CD81 serves as a coreceptor of viral entry and is found to be enriched in exosomes. HCV E2 protein when associated with CD81 may be responsible for B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, as extrahepatic manifestation. Studies predict that HCV association with exosomes, leads to the establishment of persistent infection, through immune evasion. Herein, we confirm the association of HCV particles with CD81+ exosomes. Breifly, exosomes were enriched from peripheral blood of chronic HCV patients who have developed HCC. Sideways, exosomes were also enriched from peripheral blood of healthy individuals, who exhibited normal liver function test profile and had no known infection. Isolation of subpopulation of CD81+ exosomes was performed through immunocapture, followed by detection using FACS. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the physical association of a fraction of exosome with HCV. CD81+ exosomes from chronic HCV patients with HCC were more granulated and larger when compared with those enriched from a healthy individual and HCV RNA was also detected in enriched fractions of CD81+ exosomes from HCV-positive HCC patients only, through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We concluded that CD81+ exosomes carry HCV particles and the association plays a pivotal role in establishing persistent infection, through immune evasion, thus leading to HCC progression. Exosomal CD81 and its interacting proteins might, therefore, serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in HCV progression mediated by active HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha Ashraf Malik
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Ishtiyaq Ali Mirza
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CLD), Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Manzoor
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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35
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Park HS, Lee S, Lee J, Shin HB, Yoo SM, Lee MS, Park J. Suppression of CD81 promotes bladder cancer cell invasion through increased matrix metalloproteinase expression via extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. Investig Clin Urol 2019; 60:396-404. [PMID: 31501803 PMCID: PMC6722400 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2019.60.5.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose CD81 is a prognostic biomarker for high-grade bladder cancer (BC). In this study, we aimed to determine the functional mechanisms underlying the role of CD81 in BC progression. Materials and Methods In two invasive BC cell lines (T24, J82), CD81 expression was suppressed by the transfection of lentiviral vectors including CD81-specific shRNAs, and then the migration and invasion of BC cells was analyzed. Enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was also analyzed by collagen-zymography. The expression of MMPs was confirmed by western blotting using culture supernatants from each cell line. Signaling pathways related to MMPs were investigated using various antibodies. Results CD81 was successfully knocked down by shRNAs in T24 and J82 cell lines. While the migration of BC cells was not affected after the knockdown of CD81, the invasive activity was significantly increased in both cell lines. Zymography produced distinct bands using supernatants from CD81-knockdown cells, whereas only faint bands were observed with empty vector-transfected cells. We also observed an increased expression of MMPs, specifically MMP2 and 9, in the conditioned media from CD81-knockdown cells by western blotting. Mechanistically, the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was associated with the invasive activity of BC cells, while U0126 (an ERK inhibitor) reduced the invasive activity of CD81-knockdown BC cells. Conclusions Taken together, CD81 suppression promotes the invasive property of BC cells through MMP signaling via ERK phosphorylation. Our results suggest that the regulation of CD81 expression may have some therapeutic potential in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sik Park
- Department of Urology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Suhyuk Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jisu Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Bin Shin
- Department of Urology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yoo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Myung-Shin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jinsung Park
- Department of Urology, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Abstract
Cancer-initiating cells (CIC) are the driving force in tumor progression. There is strong evidence that CIC fulfill this task via exosomes (TEX), which modulate and reprogram stroma, nontransformed cells, and non-CIC. Characterization of CIC, besides others, builds on expression of CIC markers, many of which are known as metastasis-associated molecules. We here discuss that the linkage between CIC/CIC-TEX and metastasis-associated molecules is not fortuitously, but relies on the contribution of these markers to TEX biogenesis including loading and TEX target interactions. In addition, CIC markers contribute to TEX binding- and uptake-promoted activation of signaling cascades, transcription initiation, and translational control. Our point of view will be outlined for pancreas and colon CIC highly expressing CD44v6, Tspan8, EPCAM, claudin7, and LGR5, which distinctly but coordinately contribute to tumor progression. Despite overwhelming progress in unraveling the metastatic cascade and the multiple tasks taken over by CIC-TEX, there remains a considerable gap in linking CIC biomarkers, TEX, and TEX-initiated target modulation with metastasis. We will try to outline possible bridges, which could allow depicting pathways for new and expectedly powerful therapeutic interference with tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Heidelberg, Germany.
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37
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Wang Y, Liu T, Liu Y, Chen J, Xin B, Wu M, Cui W. Coronary artery disease associated specific modules and feature genes revealed by integrative methods of WGCNA, MetaDE and machine learning. Gene 2019; 710:122-130. [PMID: 31075415 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality globally. This work aimed to investigate the specific modules and feature genes associated with CAD. METHODS Three microarray datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which included CAD and healthy samples. WGCNA was applied to identify highly preserved modules across the three datasets. MetaDE method was used to select differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with significant consistency. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the overlapping genes amongst the DEGs with significant consistency and in the preserved modules. Moreover, a combined machine learning of support vector machine and recursive feature elimination was used to further investigate the feature genes and pathways. RESULTS Nine highly preserved modules were detected in the WGCNA network, and 961 DEGs with significant consistency across the three datasets were selected using the metaDE method. A PPI network was constructed with the 158 overlapping genes. Ten genes were found to be involved in these KEGG pathways directly, including genes CD22, CD79B, CD81, CR1, IKBKE, MAP3K3, MAPK14, MMP9, NCF4, and SPP1. CONCLUSIONS The present work might provide novel insight into the underlying molecular mechanism of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Medical Image, Rizhao City Tuberculosis Control Institute, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, China
| | - Benqiang Xin
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, China
| | - Maoyuan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, China
| | - Weigang Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, China
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Martins SA, Correia PD, Dias RA, da Cruz E Silva OAB, Vieira SI. CD81 Promotes a Migratory Phenotype in Neuronal-Like Cells. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:229-235. [PMID: 30714554 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927618015532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tetraspanins, such as CD81, can form lateral associations with each other and with other transmembrane proteins. These interactions may underlie CD81 functions in multiple cellular processes, such as adhesion, morphology, migration, and differentiation. Since CD81's role in neuronal cells' migration has not been established, we here evaluated effects of CD81 on the migratory phenotype of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. CD81 was found enriched at SH-SY5Y cell's membrane, co-localizing with its interactor filamentous-actin (F-actin) in migratory relevant structures of the leading edge (filopodia, stress fibers, and adhesion sites). CD81 overexpression increased the number of cells with a migratory phenotype, in a potentially phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-Ak strain transforming (AKT) mediated manner. Indeed, CD81 also co-localized with AKT, a CD81-interactor and actin remodeling agent, at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Pharmacologic inhibition of PI3K, the canonical AKT activator, led both to a decrease in the acquisition of a migratory phenotype and to a redistribution of intracellular CD81 and F-actin into cytoplasmic agglomerates. These findings suggest that in neuronal-like cells CD81 bridges active AKT and actin, promoting the actin remodeling that leads to a motile cell morphology. Further studies on this CD81-mediated mechanism will improve our knowledge on important physiological and pathological processes such as cell migration and differentiation, and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraia A Martins
- Department of Medical Sciences,Cell Differentiation and Regeneration Laboratory,Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED),Universidade de Aveiro,Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro,Portugal
| | - Patrícia D Correia
- Department of Medical Sciences,Cell Differentiation and Regeneration Laboratory,Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED),Universidade de Aveiro,Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro,Portugal
| | - Roberto A Dias
- Department of Medical Sciences,Cell Differentiation and Regeneration Laboratory,Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED),Universidade de Aveiro,Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro,Portugal
| | - Odete A B da Cruz E Silva
- Department of Medical Sciences,Neurosciences and Signalling Laboratory,Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED),Universidade de Aveiro,Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro,Portugal
| | - Sandra I Vieira
- Department of Medical Sciences,Cell Differentiation and Regeneration Laboratory,Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED),Universidade de Aveiro,Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro,Portugal
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Peñaranda MMD, Jensen I, Tollersrud LG, Bruun JA, Jørgensen JB. Profiling the Atlantic Salmon IgM + B Cell Surface Proteome: Novel Information on Teleost Fish B Cell Protein Repertoire and Identification of Potential B Cell Markers. Front Immunol 2019; 10:37. [PMID: 30761128 PMCID: PMC6362898 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish immunology research is at a pivotal point with the increasing availability of functional immunoassays and major advances in omics approaches. However, studies on fish B cells and their distinct subsets remain a challenge due to the limited availability of differentially expressed surface markers. To address this constraint, cell surface proteome of Atlantic salmon IgM+ B cells were analyzed by mass spectrometry and compared to surface proteins detected from two adherent salmon head kidney cell lines, ASK and SSP-9. Out of 21 cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules identified on salmon IgM+ B cells, CD22 and CD79A were shortlisted as potential markers based on the reported B cell-specific surface expression of their mammalian homologs. Subsequent RT-qPCR analyses of flow cytometry-sorted subpopulations from head kidney leukocytes confirmed that both cd22 and cd79a genes were highly expressed in IgM+ lymphoid cells but were observed in barely detectable levels in IgM- non-lymphoid suspension and adherent cells. Similarly, significantly high cd22 and cd79a mRNA levels were observed in IgM+ or IgT+ lymphoid cells from the spleen and peritoneal cavity, but not in their corresponding IgM- IgT- non-lymphoid fractions. This suggests that the B cell restrictive expression of CD22 and CD79A extend down to the transcription level, which was consistent across different lymphoid compartments and immunoglobulin isotypes, thus strongly supporting the potential of CD22 and CD79A as pan-B cell markers for salmon. In addition, this study provides novel information on the salmon B cell surface protein repertoire, as well as insights on B cell evolution. Further investigation of the identified salmon CD molecules, including development of immunological tools for detection, will help advance our understanding of the dynamics of salmon B cell responses such as during infection, vaccination, or immunostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Michelle D Peñaranda
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ingvill Jensen
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Linn G Tollersrud
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jack-Ansgar Bruun
- Tromsø University Proteomics Platform, Institute of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jorunn B Jørgensen
- The Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Liang W, Gao M, Song X, Han Y, Go M, Su P, Li Q, Liu X. A novel CD81 homolog identified in lamprey, Lampetra japonica, with roles in the immune response of lamprey VLRB+ lymphocytes. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:1158-1165. [PMID: 30260364 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cluster of differentiation 81 (CD81), a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, is primarily found to be expressed in a wide variety of cells including T and B cells of vertebrates as a critical modulator. In the present study, the open reading frame of a CD81 gene homolog (Lja-CD81) was cloned in lamprey, Lampetra japonica, which is 702 bp long and encodes a protein of 233-amino acids. Although Lja-CD81 seems to be close to CD9 molecules in their full-length sequences, Lja-CD81 possesses higher identity to vertebrates' CD81 than to CD9 (including a lamprey CD9) molecules in their large extracellular loops. In addition, it also possesses a myristoylation site (Met-Gly-Val-Glu-Gly-Cys-Leu-Lys) in its N-terminal region which is identical to the N-terminal regions of CD81 molecules. These data suggest that CD9 and CD81 molecules diverged no later than the emergence of jawless vertebrates. The mRNA levels of Lja-CD81 in lymphocytes and supraneural myeloid bodies were up-regulated significantly after stimulation with mixed antigens, and a similar expressional pattern of Lja-CD81 at protein level was also confirmed. Furthermore, Lja-CD81 was found to be co-localized with variable lymphocyte receptor B (VLRB) evenly on the cell membrane of peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from control group, but they were found to aggregate on one side of the membrane of peripheral blood VLRB+ lymphocytes after stimulation with mixed antigens. All these results indicate that the Lja-CD81 identified in lamprey may play an important role in the immune response of lamprey VLRB+ lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Miceng Gao
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Xueying Song
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinglun Han
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Meng Go
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Peng Su
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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Luo R, Bai C, Yang L, Zheng Z, Su G, Gao G, Wei Z, Zuo Y, Li G. DNA methylation subpatterns at distinct regulatory regions in human early embryos. Open Biol 2018; 8:rsob.180131. [PMID: 30381360 PMCID: PMC6223221 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation has been investigated for many years, but recent technologies have allowed for single-cell- and single-base-resolution DNA methylation datasets and more accurate assessment of DNA methylation dynamics at the key genomic regions that regulate gene expression in human early embryonic development. In this study, the region from upstream 20 kb to downstream 20 kb of RefSeq gene was selected and divided into 12 distinct regions (up20, up10, up5, up2, 5'UTR, exon, intron, 3'UTR, down2, down5, down10 and down20). The candidate promoter region (TSS ± 2 kb) was further divided into 20 consecutive subregions, which were termed 'bins'. The DNA methylation dynamics of these regions were systematically analysed along with their effects on gene expression in human early embryos. The dynamic DNA methylation subpatterns at the distinct genomic regions with a focus on promoter regions were mapped. For the 12 distinct genomic regions, up2 and 5'UTR had the lowest DNA methylation levels, and their methylation dynamics were different with other regions. The region 3'UTR had the highest DNA methylation levels, and the correlation analysis with gene expression proved that it was a feature of transcribed genes. For the 20 bins in promoter region, the CpG densities showed a normal distribution pattern, and the trend of the methylated CpG counts was inverse with the DNA methylation levels, especially for the bin 1 (downstream 200 bp of the TSS). Through the correlation analysis between DNA methylation and gene expression, the current study finally revealed that the region bin -4 to 6 (800 bp upstream to 1200 bp downstream of the TSS) was the best candidate for the promoter region in human early embryos, and bin 1 was the putative key regulator of gene activity. This study provided a global and high-resolution view of DNA methylation subpatterns at the distinct genomic regions in human early embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchun Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China .,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangpeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China .,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, People's Republic of China
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Hepatitis C virus enters liver cells using the CD81 receptor complex proteins calpain-5 and CBLB. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007111. [PMID: 30024968 PMCID: PMC6053247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the malaria parasite Plasmodium use the membrane protein CD81 to invade human liver cells. Here we mapped 33 host protein interactions of CD81 in primary human liver and hepatoma cells using high-resolution quantitative proteomics. In the CD81 protein network, we identified five proteins which are HCV entry factors or facilitators including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Notably, we discovered calpain-5 (CAPN5) and the ubiquitin ligase Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene B (CBLB) to form a complex with CD81 and support HCV entry. CAPN5 and CBLB were required for a post-binding and pre-replication step in the HCV life cycle. Knockout of CAPN5 and CBLB reduced susceptibility to all tested HCV genotypes, but not to other enveloped viruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus and human coronavirus. Furthermore, Plasmodium sporozoites relied on a distinct set of CD81 interaction partners for liver cell entry. Our findings reveal a comprehensive CD81 network in human liver cells and show that HCV and Plasmodium highjack selective CD81 interactions, including CAPN5 and CBLB for HCV, to invade cells. CD81 is a cell membrane protein, which functions as entry factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and malaria sporozoites in the human liver. Currently, it remains enigmatic how CD81 guides the entry process of both pathogens and whether it functions in a similar way during liver cell invasion of HCV and malaria parasites. Here, we use high resolution quantitative proteomics to identify CD81 associated host proteins in liver cells. We found that at least 33 proteins form a complex with CD81, 23 of which were not reported as interaction partners before. We further determined that at least five CD81 interactors are HCV host factors, among them calpain-5 (CAPN5) and the ubiquitin ligase Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene B (CBLB). All tested HCV genotypes require CAPN5 and CBLB for full infection, but neither malaria parasites nor other tested enveloped virus rely on CAPN5 or CBLB. Our study maps the liver cell interactome of CD81 and provides new insight into the distinct cell invasion mechanisms of HCV and malaria parasites.
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CD81 Receptor Regions outside the Large Extracellular Loop Determine Hepatitis C Virus Entry into Hepatoma Cells. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040207. [PMID: 29677132 PMCID: PMC5923501 DOI: 10.3390/v10040207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) enters human hepatocytes using four essential entry factors, one of which is human CD81 (hCD81). The tetraspanin hCD81 contains a large extracellular loop (LEL), which interacts with the E2 glycoprotein of HCV. The role of the non-LEL regions of hCD81 (intracellular tails, four transmembrane domains, small extracellular loop and intracellular loop) is poorly understood. Here, we studied the contribution of these domains to HCV susceptibility of hepatoma cells by generating chimeras of related tetraspanins with the hCD81 LEL. Our results show that non-LEL regions in addition to the LEL determine susceptibility of cells to HCV. While closely related tetraspanins (X. tropicalis CD81 and D. rerio CD81) functionally complement hCD81 non-LEL regions, distantly related tetraspanins (C. elegans TSP9 amd D. melanogaster TSP96F) do not and tetraspanins with intermediate homology (hCD9) show an intermediate phenotype. Tetraspanin homology and susceptibility to HCV correlate positively. For some chimeras, infectivity correlates with surface expression. In contrast, the hCD9 chimera is fully surface expressed, binds HCV E2 glycoprotein but is impaired in HCV receptor function. We demonstrate that a cholesterol-coordinating glutamate residue in CD81, which hCD9 lacks, promotes HCV infection. This work highlights the hCD81 non-LEL regions as additional HCV susceptibility-determining factors.
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Keller IS, Salzburger W, Roth O. Parental investment matters for maternal and offspring immune defense in the mouthbrooding cichlid Astatotilapia burtoni. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:264. [PMID: 29262789 PMCID: PMC5738712 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental care, while increasing parental fitness through offspring survival, also bears cost to the care-giving parent. Consequentially, trade offs between parental care and other vitally important traits, such as the immune system seem evident. In co-occurring phases of parental care and immunological challenges negative consequences through a resource allocation trade off on both the parental and the offspring conditions can be predicted. While the immune system reflects parental stress conditions, parental immunological investments also boost offspring survival via the transfer of immunological substances (trans-generational immune priming). We investigated this relationship in the mouthbrooding East African cichlid Astotatilapia burtoni. Prior to mating, females were exposed to an immunological activation, while others remained immunologically naïve. Correspondingly, the immunological status of females was either examined directly after reproduction or after mouthbrooding had ceased. Offspring from both groups were exposed to immunological challenges to assess the extent of trans-generational immune priming. As proxy for immune status, cellular immunological activity and gene expression were determined. RESULTS Both reproducing and mouthbrooding females allocate their resources towards reproduction. While upon reproduction the innate immune system was impeded, mouthbrooding females showed an attenuation of inflammatory components. Juveniles from immune challenged mouthbrooding females showed downregulation of immune and life history candidate genes, implying a limitation of trans-generational plasticity when parents experience stress during the costly reproductive phase. CONCLUSION Our results provide evidence that both parental investment via mouthbrooding and the rise of the immunological activity upon an immune challenge are costly traits. If applied simultaneously, not only mothers seem to be impacted in their performance, but also offspring are impeded in their ability to react upon a potentially virulent pathogen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel S. Keller
- Evolutionary Ecology of Marine Fishes, GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Olivia Roth
- Evolutionary Ecology of Marine Fishes, GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
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Focus on Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Opportunities and Challenges in Cell-Free Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:6305295. [PMID: 29410682 PMCID: PMC5749272 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6305295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have been at the forefront of regenerative medicine for many years. Exosomes, which are nanovesicles involved in intercellular communication and the transportation of genetic material transportation that can be released by mesenchymal stem cells, have been recently reported to play a role in cell-free therapy of many diseases, including myocardial infarction, drug addiction, and status epilepticus. They are also thought to help ameliorate inflammation-induced preterm brain injury, liver injury, and various types of cancer. This review highlights recent advances in the exploration of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in therapeutic applications. The natural contents, drug delivery potency, modification methods, and drug loading methods of exosomes are also discussed.
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46
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He J, Ou Q, Liu C, Shi L, Zhao C, Xu Y, Kong SK, Loo J, Li B, Gu D. Differential expression of long non-coding RNAs in patients with tuberculosis infection. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2017; 107:73-79. [PMID: 29050775 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major worldwide health problem and has caused millions of deaths in the past few years. Current diagnostic methods, such as sputum smear microscopy and sputum culture, are time-consuming and cannot prevent the rapid spreading of TB during the diagnostic period. In this connection, detecting biomarkers specific to TB at molecular level in plasma of patients will provide a rapid means for diagnosis. In this study, we first evaluated the differential expression of the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the plasma from patients with TB (TB positive), community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and healthy individuals (CG) using lncRNA microarray scanning. It was found that there were 2116 specific lncRNAs differentially expressed in the TB positive samples (1102 up-regulated and 1014 down-regulated), which accounted for 6.96% of total lncRNAs. Twelve differentially expressed lncRNAs discovered in microarray were subsequently validated by using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Two lncRNAs (ENST00000354432 and ENST00000427151) were further validated with more Tuberculosis samples. These results suggested the expression level of lncRNAs and the two validated lncRNAs in plasma could be the potential molecular biomarkers for the rapid diagnosis of Tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan He
- Central Laboratory of Health Quarantine, Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center, Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China; Shenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Shenzhen, 518010, PR China
| | - Qingye Ou
- Zhuhai Center for Chronic Disease Control, Zhuhai, 519000, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- Central Laboratory of Health Quarantine, Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center, Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- Central Laboratory of Health Quarantine, Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center, Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Chunzhong Zhao
- Central Laboratory of Health Quarantine, Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center, Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Yunqing Xu
- Central Laboratory of Health Quarantine, Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center, Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Siu Kai Kong
- Biochemistry Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jacky Loo
- Biochemistry Programme, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Boan Li
- 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
| | - Dayong Gu
- Central Laboratory of Health Quarantine, Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center, Shenzhen Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China; Shenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Shenzhen, 518010, PR China.
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Shi G, Schwartz O, Compton AA. More than meets the I: the diverse antiviral and cellular functions of interferon-induced transmembrane proteins. Retrovirology 2017; 14:53. [PMID: 29162141 PMCID: PMC5697417 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-017-0377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The first responders of human antiviral immunity are components of the intrinsic immune response that reside within each and every one of our cells. This cell-autonomous arsenal consists of nucleic acid sensors and antiviral effectors strategically placed by evolution to detect and restrict invading viruses. While some factors are present at baseline to allow for constant surveillance of the cell interior, others are upregulated by cytokines (such as interferons) that signal a viral infection underway in neighboring cells. In this review, we highlight the multiple roles played by the interferon-induced transmembrane (IFITM) proteins during viral infection, with focuses on IFITM3 and HIV-1. Moreover, we discuss the cellular pathways in which IFITM proteins are intertwined and the various functions they have been ascribed outside the context of infection. While appreciated as broadly-acting, potent restriction factors that prevent virus infection and pathogenesis in cell culture and in vivo, questions remain regarding their precise mode of action and importance in certain viral contexts. Continued efforts to study IFITM protein function will further cement their status as critical host determinants of virus susceptibility and prioritize them in the development of new antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Shi
- Antiviral Immunity and Resistance Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Virus and Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,UMR CNRS 3569, Paris, France
| | - Alex A Compton
- Antiviral Immunity and Resistance Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.
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Seu L, Tidwell C, Timares L, Duverger A, Wagner FH, Goepfert PA, Westfall AO, Sabbaj S, Kutsch O. CD151 Expression Is Associated with a Hyperproliferative T Cell Phenotype. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3336-3347. [PMID: 28954890 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The tetraspanin CD151 is a marker of aggressive cell proliferation and invasiveness for a variety of cancer types. Given reports of CD151 expression on T cells, we explored whether CD151 would mark T cells in a hyperactivated state. Consistent with the idea that CD151 could mark a phenotypically distinct T cell subset, it was not uniformly expressed on T cells. CD151 expression frequency was a function of the T cell lineage (CD8 > CD4) and a function of the memory differentiation state (naive T cells < central memory T cells < effector memory T cells < T effector memory RA+ cells). CD151 and CD57, a senescence marker, defined the same CD28- T cell populations. However, CD151 also marked a substantial CD28+ T cell population that was not marked by CD57. Kinome array analysis demonstrated that CD28+CD151+ T cells form a subpopulation with a distinct molecular baseline and activation phenotype. Network analysis of these data revealed that cell cycle control and cell death were the most altered process motifs in CD28+CD151+ T cells. We demonstrate that CD151 in T cells is not a passive marker, but actively changed the cell cycle control and cell death process motifs of T cells. Consistent with these data, long-term T cell culture experiments in the presence of only IL-2 demonstrated that independent of their CD28 expression status, CD151+ T cells, but not CD151- T cells, would exhibit an Ag-independent, hyperresponsive proliferation phenotype. Not unlike its reported function as a tumor aggressiveness marker, CD151 in humans thus marks and enables hyperproliferative T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Seu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Christopher Tidwell
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Laura Timares
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Alexandra Duverger
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Frederic H Wagner
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Paul A Goepfert
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Andrew O Westfall
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Steffanie Sabbaj
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Olaf Kutsch
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
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Bail K, Notz Q, Rovituso DM, Schampel A, Wunsch M, Koeniger T, Schropp V, Bharti R, Scholz CJ, Foerstner KU, Kleinschnitz C, Kuerten S. Differential effects of FTY720 on the B cell compartment in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:148. [PMID: 28738885 PMCID: PMC5525315 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0924-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MP4-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS), which enables targeted research on B cells, currently much discussed protagonists in MS pathogenesis. Here, we used this model to study the impact of the S1P1 receptor modulator FTY720 (fingolimod) on the autoreactive B cell and antibody response both in the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). Methods MP4-immunized mice were treated orally with FTY720 for 30 days at the peak of disease or 50 days after EAE onset. The subsequent disease course was monitored and the MP4-specific B cell/antibody response was measured by ELISPOT and ELISA. RNA sequencing was performed to determine any effects on B cell-relevant gene expression. S1P1 receptor expression by peripheral T and B cells, B cell subset distribution in the spleen and B cell infiltration into the CNS were studied by flow cytometry. The formation of B cell aggregates and of tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) was evaluated by histology and immunohistochemistry. Potential direct effects of FTY720 on B cell aggregation were studied in vitro. Results FTY720 significantly attenuated clinical EAE when treatment was initiated at the peak of EAE. While there was a significant reduction in the number of T cells in the blood after FTY720 treatment, B cells were only slightly diminished. Yet, there was evidence for the modulation of B cell receptor-mediated signaling upon FTY720 treatment. In addition, we detected a significant increase in the percentage of B220+ B cells in the spleen both in acute and chronic EAE. Whereas acute treatment completely abrogated B cell aggregate formation in the CNS, the numbers of infiltrating B cells and plasma cells were comparable between vehicle- and FTY720-treated mice. In addition, there was no effect on already developed aggregates in chronic EAE. In vitro B cell aggregation assays suggested the absence of a direct effect of FTY720 on B cell aggregation. However, FTY720 impacted the evolution of B cell aggregates into TLOs. Conclusions The data suggest differential effects of FTY720 on the B cell compartment in MP4-induced EAE. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0924-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Bail
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Quirin Notz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Damiano M Rovituso
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schampel
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marie Wunsch
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Koeniger
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Verena Schropp
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Richa Bharti
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University Hospitals of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claus-Juergen Scholz
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University Hospitals of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Konrad U Foerstner
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University Hospitals of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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50
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Nakano S, Yamamoto S, Okada A, Nakajima T, Sato M, Takagi T, Tomooka Y. Role of extracellular vesicles in the interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal cells during oviductal ciliogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:245-251. [PMID: 28034753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to transport miRNA, mRNA and protein, suggesting that they are new communication mediators. Diffusible mesenchymal factors determine the fate of Műllerian epithelial cells into oviductal ciliated cells. In the present study, we investigated whether EVs mediate the communication in the epithelial-mesenchymal interaction during oviductal ciliogenesis. EVs were isolated from cells of oviductal mesenchymal cell line (S1 cells) and characterized by TEM and expression of exosomal marker CD81. CD81 protein was also detected in oviductal mesenchyme, suggesting that CD81-expressing exosomes may be secreted from oviductal mesenchyme, as well as S1 cells. β-actin, Gapdh and Vimentin mRNAs and miRNAs were detected in the exosomes. mRNA in S1 cells was able to be transported into cells of Műllerian epithelial cell line (E1 cells) via the exosomes. The effects of exosomes derived from S1 cells on ciliogenesis of E1 cells were analyzed by in vitro models. Culture with exosomes increased the number of ciliated cells in E1 cells. These results suggest that exosomes derived from mesenchymal cells modulate the oviductal ciliogenesis and open new avenues for developmental study of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Nakano
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Shohei Yamamoto
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; Graduate Program in Bioscience, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsumasa Okada
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Nakajima
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Mamiko Sato
- Department of Material and Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takagi
- Department of Material and Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tomooka
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.
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