1
|
Pedreañez A, Carrero Y, Vargas R, Hernández-Fonseca JP, Mosquera JA. Role of angiotensin II in cellular entry and replication of dengue virus. Arch Virol 2024; 169:121. [PMID: 38753119 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the relevance of several soluble molecules in the pathogenesis of dengue. In this regard, a possible role for angiotensin II (Ang II) in the pathophysiology of dengue has been suggested by the observation of a blockade of Ang II in patients with dengue, increased expression of molecules related to Ang II production in the plasma of dengue patients, increased expression of circulating cytokines and soluble molecules related to the action of Ang II, and an apparent relationship between DENV, Ang II effects, and miRNAs. In addition, in ex vivo experiments, the blockade of Ang II AT1 receptor and ACE-1 (angiotensin converting enzyme 1), both of which are involved in Ang II production and its function, inhibits infection of macrophages by DENV, suggesting a role of Ang II in viral entry or in intracellular viral replication of the virus. Here, we discuss the possible mechanisms of Ang II in the entry and replication of DENV. Ang II has the functions of increasing the expression of DENV entry receptors, creation of clathrin-coated vesicles, and increasing phagocytosis, all of which are involved in DENV entry. This hormone also modulates the expression of the Rab5 and Rab7 proteins, which are important in the endosomal processing of DENV during viral replication. This review summarizes the data related to the possible involvement of Ang II in the entry of DENV into cells and its replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Pedreañez
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Yenddy Carrero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Renata Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Juan P Hernández-Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
- Servicio de Microscopia Electrónica del Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB- CSIC), Madrid, España
| | - Jesús Alberto Mosquera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mosquera-Sulbaran JA, Pedreañez A, Carrero Y, Hernandez-Fonseca JP. Angiotensin II and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:359-374. [PMID: 38170299 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02446-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is a consequence of the infection by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. During this infection, various immunological processes generated by streptococcal antigens are triggered, such as the induction of antibodies and immune complexes. This activation of the immune system involves both innate and acquired immunity. The immunological events that occur at the renal level lead to kidney damage with chronic renal failure as well as resolution of the pathological process (in most cases). Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a molecule with vasopressor and pro-inflammatory capacities, being an important factor in various inflammatory processes. During PSGN some events are defined that make Ang II conceivable as a molecule involved in the inflammatory processes during the disease. CONCLUSION This review is focused on defining which reported events would be related to the presence of this hormone in PSGN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus A Mosquera-Sulbaran
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal: 23, MaracaiboZulia, 4001-A, Venezuela.
| | - Adriana Pedreañez
- Facultad de Medicina, Cátedra de Inmunología, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Yenddy Carrero
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal: 23, MaracaiboZulia, 4001-A, Venezuela
| | - Juan Pablo Hernandez-Fonseca
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal: 23, MaracaiboZulia, 4001-A, Venezuela
- Servicio de Microscopia Electrónica del Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gu Y, Avolio E, Alvino VV, Thomas AC, Herman A, Miller PJ, Sullivan N, Faulkner A, Madeddu P. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor Dasatinib reduces cardiac steatosis and fibrosis in obese, type 2 diabetic mice. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:214. [PMID: 37592236 PMCID: PMC10436421 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01955-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac steatosis is an early yet overlooked feature of diabetic cardiomyopathy. There is no available therapy to treat this condition. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are used as first or second-line therapy in different types of cancer. In cancer patients with diabetes mellitus, TKIs reportedly improved glycemic control, allowing insulin discontinuation. They also reduced liver steatosis in a murine model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The present study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of the second-generation TKI Dasatinib on lipid accumulation and cardiac function in obese, type 2 diabetic mice. We also assessed if the drug impacts extra-cardiac fat tissue depots. METHODS Two studies on 21-week-old male obese leptin receptor mutant BKS.Cg-+Leprdb/+Leprdb/OlaHsd (db/db) mice compared the effect of Dasatinib (5 mg/kg) and vehicle (10% DMSO + 90% PEG-300) given via gavage once every three days for a week or once every week for four weeks. Functional and volumetric indices were studied using echocardiography. Post-mortem analyses included the assessment of fat deposits and fibrosis using histology, and senescence using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The anti-adipogenic action of Dasatinib was investigated on human bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Unpaired parametric or non-parametric tests were used to compare two and multiple groups as appropriate. RESULTS Dasatinib reduced steatosis and fibrosis in the heart of diabetic mice. The drug also reduced BM adiposity but did not affect other fat depots. These structural changes were associated with improved diastolic indexes, specifically the E/A ratio and non-flow time. Moreover, Dasatinib-treated mice had lower levels of p16 in the heart compared with vehicle-treated controls, suggesting an inhibitory impact of the drug on the senescence signalling pathway. In vitro, Dasatinib inhibited human BM-MSC viability and adipogenesis commitment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Dasatinib opposes heart and BM adiposity and cardiac fibrosis. In the heart, this was associated with favourable functional consequences, namely improvement in an index of diastolic function. Repurposing TKI for cardiac benefit could address the unmet need of diabetic cardiac steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gu
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Elisa Avolio
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Valeria V Alvino
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Anita C Thomas
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Andrew Herman
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Poppy J Miller
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | | | - Ashton Faulkner
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Heart Institute, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mosquera-Sulbaran JA, Pedreañez A, Hernandez-Fonseca JP, Hernandez-Fonseca H. Angiotensin II and dengue. Arch Virol 2023; 168:191. [PMID: 37368044 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is a disease caused by a flavivirus that is transmitted principally by the bite of an Aedes aegypti mosquito and represents a major public-health problem. Many studies have been carried out to identify soluble factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of this infection. Cytokines, soluble factors, and oxidative stress have been reported to be involved in the development of severe disease. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a hormone with the ability to induce the production of cytokines and soluble factors related to the inflammatory processes and coagulation disorders observed in dengue. However, a direct involvement of Ang II in this disease has not been demonstrated. This review primarily summarizes the pathophysiology of dengue, the role of Ang II in various diseases, and reports that are highly suggestive of the involvement of this hormone in dengue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus A Mosquera-Sulbaran
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, 4001-A, Venezuela.
| | - Adriana Pedreañez
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Juan Pablo Hernandez-Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, 4001-A, Venezuela
- Servicio de Microscopia Electronica del Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB- CSIC) Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Hugo Hernandez-Fonseca
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint George's University, True Blue, West Indies, Grenada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kovilakath A, Wohlford G, Cowart LA. Circulating sphingolipids in heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1154447. [PMID: 37229233 PMCID: PMC10203217 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1154447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of significant advancements in early detection and treatment of heart failure have precipitated the need for discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Over the past decade, circulating sphingolipids have elicited promising results as biomarkers that premonish adverse cardiac events. Additionally, compelling evidence directly ties sphingolipids to these events in patients with incident heart failure. This review aims to summarize the current literature on circulating sphingolipids in both human cohorts and animal models of heart failure. The goal is to provide direction and focus for future mechanistic studies in heart failure, as well as pave the way for the development of new sphingolipid biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - George Wohlford
- Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - L. Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Richmond Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mosquera-Sulbarán J, Ryder E, Pedreáñez A, Vargas R. Angiotensin II and human obesity. A narrative review of the pathogenesis. INVESTIGACIÓN CLÍNICA 2022. [DOI: 10.54817/ic.v63n4a09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a hormone and the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). This peptide has crucial pathophysiologi-cal effects on hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, endothelial proliferation, in-flammation and tissue remodelling through G protein-coupled receptors. The pro-inflammatory role of Ang II has been reported in various inflammatory pro-cesses. Obesity is linked to a chronic inflammatory process which in turn is the cause of some of its morbidities. Ang II is related to the comorbidities related to the comorbidities of obesity, which include alterations in the heart, kid-ney, hypertension and coagulation. In this regard, activation of AT1 receptors by Ang II can induce an inflammatory process mediated by the transcription factor NF-kB, triggering inflammation in various systems that are related to the comorbidities observed in obesity. The aim of this review was to highlight the pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II and the alterations induced by this hor-mone in various organs and systems in obesity. The search was done since 1990 through Medline, EMBASE and PubMed, using the keywords: angiotensin II; an-giotensin II, obesity; angiotensin II, kidney, obesity; angiotensin II, coagulation, obesity; angiotensin II, inflammation, obesity; angiotensin II, adipose tissue, obesity; angiotensin II, hypertension, obesity; angiotensin II, insulin resistance, obesity; angiotensin II, adiponectin, leptin, obesity; angiotensin II, COVID-19, obesity. Angiotensin II through its interaction with its AT1 receptor, can induce alterations in diverse systems that are related to the comorbidities observed in obesity. Therapeutic strategies to decrease the production and action of Ang II could improve the clinical conditions in individuals with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Mosquera-Sulbarán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas “Dr. Américo Negrette”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Elena Ryder
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas “Dr. Américo Negrette”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Adriana Pedreáñez
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Renata Vargas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas “Dr. Américo Negrette”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roh J, Hill JA, Singh A, Valero-Muñoz M, Sam F. Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Heterogeneous Syndrome, Diverse Preclinical Models. Circ Res 2022; 130:1906-1925. [PMID: 35679364 PMCID: PMC10035274 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.320257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents one of the greatest challenges facing cardiovascular medicine today. Despite being the most common form of heart failure worldwide, there has been limited success in developing therapeutics for this syndrome. This is largely due to our incomplete understanding of the biology driving its systemic pathophysiology and the heterogeneity of clinical phenotypes, which are increasingly being recognized as distinct HFpEF phenogroups. Development of efficacious therapeutics fundamentally relies on robust preclinical models that not only faithfully recapitulate key features of the clinical syndrome but also enable rigorous investigation of putative mechanisms of disease in the context of clinically relevant phenotypes. In this review, we propose a preclinical research strategy that is conceptually grounded in model diversification and aims to better align with our evolving understanding of the heterogeneity of clinical HFpEF. Although heterogeneity is often viewed as a major obstacle in preclinical HFpEF research, we challenge this notion and argue that embracing it may be the key to demystifying its pathobiology. Here, we first provide an overarching guideline for developing HFpEF models through a stepwise approach of comprehensive cardiac and extra-cardiac phenotyping. We then present an overview of currently available models, focused on the 3 leading phenogroups, which are primarily based on aging, cardiometabolic stress, and chronic hypertension. We discuss how well these models reflect their clinically relevant phenogroup and highlight some of the more recent mechanistic insights they are providing into the complex pathophysiology underlying HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Roh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (J.R., A.S.)
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
- Department of Molecular Biology (J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Abhilasha Singh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (J.R., A.S.)
| | - María Valero-Muñoz
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (M.V.-M., F.S.)
| | - Flora Sam
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (M.V.-M., F.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al-Hasani J, Sens-Albert C, Ghosh S, Trogisch FA, Nahar T, Friede PAP, Reil JC, Hecker M. Zyxin protects from hypertension-induced cardiac dysfunction. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:93. [PMID: 35075545 PMCID: PMC8786748 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arterial hypertension causes left ventricular hypertrophy leading to dilated cardiomyopathy. Following compensatory cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction develops due to loss of cardiomyocytes preceded or paralleled by cardiac fibrosis. Zyxin acts as a mechanotransducer in vascular cells that may promote cardiomyocyte survival. Here, we analyzed cardiac function during experimental hypertension in zyxin knockout (KO) mice. In zyxin KO mice, made hypertensive by way of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt treatment telemetry recording showed an attenuated rise in systolic blood pressure. Echocardiography indicated a systolic dysfunction, and isolated working heart measurements showed a decrease in systolic elastance. Hearts from hypertensive zyxin KO mice revealed increased apoptosis, fibrosis and an upregulation of active focal adhesion kinase as well as of integrins α5 and β1. Both interstitial and perivascular fibrosis were even more pronounced in zyxin KO mice exposed to angiotensin II instead of DOCA-salt. Stretched microvascular endothelial cells may release collagen 1α2 and TGF-β, which is characteristic for the transition to an intermediate mesenchymal phenotype, and thus spur the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts resulting in excessive scar tissue formation in the heart of hypertensive zyxin KO mice. While zyxin KO mice per se do not reveal a cardiac phenotype, this is unmasked upon induction of hypertension and owing to enhanced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and excessive fibrosis causes cardiac dysfunction. Zyxin may thus be important for the maintenance of cardiac function in spite of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaafar Al-Hasani
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carla Sens-Albert
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Subhajit Ghosh
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix A Trogisch
- Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience, Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Taslima Nahar
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Prisca A P Friede
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan-Christian Reil
- Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marwick TH, Gimelli A, Plein S, Bax JJ, Charron P, Delgado V, Donal E, Lancellotti P, Levelt E, Maurovich-Horvat P, Neubauer S, Pontone G, Saraste A, Cosyns B, Edvardsen T, Popescu BA, Galderisi M, Derumeaux G, Bäck M, Bertrand PB, Dweck M, Keenan N, Magne J, Neglia D, Stankovic I. Multimodality imaging approach to left ventricular dysfunction in diabetes: an expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022; 23:e62-e84. [PMID: 34739054 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is among the most important and frequent complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The detection of subclinical dysfunction is a marker of HF risk and presents a potential target for reducing incident HF in DM. Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction secondary to DM is heterogeneous, with phenotypes including predominantly systolic, predominantly diastolic, and mixed dysfunction. Indeed, the pathogenesis of HF in this setting is heterogeneous. Effective management of this problem will require detailed phenotyping of the contributions of fibrosis, microcirculatory disturbance, abnormal metabolism, and sympathetic innervation, among other mechanisms. For this reason, an imaging strategy for the detection of HF risk needs to not only detect subclinical LV dysfunction (LVD) but also characterize its pathogenesis. At present, it is possible to identify individuals with DM at increased risk HF, and there is evidence that cardioprotection may be of benefit. However, there is insufficient justification for HF screening, because we need stronger evidence of the links between the detection of LVD, treatment, and improved outcome. This review discusses the options for screening for LVD, the potential means of identifying the underlying mechanisms, and the pathways to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Marwick
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Alessia Gimelli
- Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sven Plein
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Center & Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Phillippe Charron
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 1166 and ICAN Institute, Paris, France
- APHP, Centre de référence pour les maladies cardiaques héréditaires ou rares, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Erwan Donal
- Service de Cardiologie Et Maladies Vasculaires Et CIC-IT 1414, CHU Rennes, 35000 Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1, LTSI, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Patrizio Lancellotti
- Department of Cardiology, University of Liège Hospital, GIGA Cardiovascular Sciences, CHU SartTilman, Liège, Belgium
- Gruppo Villa Maria Care and Research, Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola, and Anthea Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Eylem Levelt
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital , Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QF, UK
| | - Pal Maurovich-Horvat
- MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, 2 Koranyi u., 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Gianluca Pontone
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, University of Milan, Cardiovascular Imaging, Milan, Italy
| | - Antti Saraste
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Bernard Cosyns
- Cardiology, CHVZ (Centrum voor Hart en Vaatziekten), ICMI (In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging) Laboratory, Universitair ziekenhuis Brussel, 109 Laarbeeklaan, Brussels 1090, Belgium
| | - Thor Edvardsen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Postbox 4950 Nydalen, Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0424 Oslo, Norway
- Institute for clinical medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, NO-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bogdan A Popescu
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Euroecolab, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Prof. Dr. C. C. Iliescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maurizio Galderisi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Genevieve Derumeaux
- IMRB - Inserm U955 Senescence, metabolism and cardiovascular diseases 8, rue du Général Sarrail, 94010 Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hansen SS, Pedersen TM, Marin J, Boardman NT, Shah AM, Aasum E, Hafstad AD. Overexpression of NOX2 Exacerbates AngII-Mediated Cardiac Dysfunction and Metabolic Remodelling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010143. [PMID: 35052647 PMCID: PMC8772838 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the effects of low doses of angiotensin II (AngII) on cardiac function, myocardial substrate utilization, energetics, and mitochondrial function in C57Bl/6J mice and in a transgenic mouse model with cardiomyocyte specific upregulation of NOX2 (csNOX2 TG). Mice were treated with saline (sham), 50 or 400 ng/kg/min of AngII (AngII50 and AngII400) for two weeks. In vivo blood pressure and cardiac function were measured using plethysmography and echocardiography, respectively. Ex vivo cardiac function, mechanical efficiency, and myocardial substrate utilization were assessed in isolated perfused working hearts, and mitochondrial function was measured in left ventricular homogenates. AngII50 caused reduced mechanical efficiency despite having no effect on cardiac hypertrophy, function, or substrate utilization. AngII400 slightly increased systemic blood pressure and induced cardiac hypertrophy with no effect on cardiac function, efficiency, or substrate utilization. In csNOX2 TG mice, AngII400 induced cardiac hypertrophy and in vivo cardiac dysfunction. This was associated with a switch towards increased myocardial glucose oxidation and impaired mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates. Low doses of AngII may transiently impair cardiac efficiency, preceding the development of hypertrophy induced at higher doses. NOX2 overexpression exacerbates the AngII -induced pathology, with cardiac dysfunction and myocardial metabolic remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Synne S. Hansen
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (T.M.P.); (J.M.); (N.T.B.); (E.A.); (A.D.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tina M. Pedersen
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (T.M.P.); (J.M.); (N.T.B.); (E.A.); (A.D.H.)
| | - Julie Marin
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (T.M.P.); (J.M.); (N.T.B.); (E.A.); (A.D.H.)
| | - Neoma T. Boardman
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (T.M.P.); (J.M.); (N.T.B.); (E.A.); (A.D.H.)
| | - Ajay M. Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, King’s College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, London SE5 9NU, UK;
| | - Ellen Aasum
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (T.M.P.); (J.M.); (N.T.B.); (E.A.); (A.D.H.)
| | - Anne D. Hafstad
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (T.M.P.); (J.M.); (N.T.B.); (E.A.); (A.D.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
González-Blázquez R, Alcalá M, Cárdenas-Rebollo JM, Viana M, Steckelings UM, Boisvert WA, Unger T, Fernández-Alfonso MS, Somoza B, Gil-Ortega M. AT2R stimulation with C21 prevents arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction in the abdominal aorta from mice fed a high-fat diet. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2763-2780. [PMID: 34854902 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Compound 21 (C21), a selective AT2R agonist, on the prevention of endothelial dysfunction, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and arterial stiffness associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO). Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard (Chow) or high-fat diet (HF) for 6 weeks. Half of the animals of each group were simultaneously treated with C21 (1 mg/kg/day, in the drinking water), generating four groups: Chow C, Chow C21, HF C, and HF C21. Vascular function and mechanical properties were determined in the abdominal aorta. To evaluate ECM remodeling, collagen deposition and TGF-β1 concentrations were determined in the abdominal aorta and the activity of metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 was analyzed in the plasma. Abdominal aortas from HF C mice showed endothelial dysfunction as well as enhanced contractile but reduced relaxant responses to Ang II. This effect was abrogated with C21 treatment by preserving NO availability. A left-shift in the tension-stretch relationship, paralleled by an augmented β-index (marker of intrinsic arterial stiffness), and enhanced collagen deposition and MMP-2/-9 activities were also detected in HF mice. However, when treated with C21, HF mice exhibited lower TGF-β1 levels in abdominal aortas together with reduced MMP activities and collagen deposition compared with HF C mice. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that AT2R stimulation by C21 in obesity preserves NO availability and prevents unhealthy vascular remodeling, thus protecting the abdominal aorta in HF mice against the development of endothelial dysfunction, ECM remodeling and arterial stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel González-Blázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Alcalá
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Cárdenas-Rebollo
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada y Estadística. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Viana
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ulrike Muscha Steckelings
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - William A Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, BSB311, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Thomas Unger
- CARIM - School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - María S Fernández-Alfonso
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Unidad de Cartografía Cerebral, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Somoza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gil-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28925, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Withaar C, Lam CSP, Schiattarella GG, de Boer RA, Meems LMG. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in humans and mice: embracing clinical complexity in mouse models. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:4420-4430. [PMID: 34414416 PMCID: PMC8599003 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a multifactorial disease accounting for a large and increasing proportion of all clinical HF presentations. As a clinical syndrome, HFpEF is characterized by typical signs and symptoms of HF, a distinct cardiac phenotype and raised natriuretic peptides. Non-cardiac comorbidities frequently co-exist and contribute to the pathophysiology of HFpEF. To date, no therapy has proven to improve outcomes in HFpEF, with drug development hampered, at least partly, by lack of consensus on appropriate standards for pre-clinical HFpEF models. Recently, two clinical algorithms (HFA-PEFF and H2FPEF scores) have been developed to improve and standardize the diagnosis of HFpEF. In this review, we evaluate the translational utility of HFpEF mouse models in the context of these HFpEF scores. We systematically recorded evidence of symptoms and signs of HF or clinical HFpEF features and included several cardiac and extra-cardiac parameters as well as age and sex for each HFpEF mouse model. We found that most of the pre-clinical HFpEF models do not meet the HFpEF clinical criteria, although some multifactorial models resemble human HFpEF to a reasonable extent. We therefore conclude that to optimize the translational value of mouse models to human HFpEF, a novel approach for the development of pre-clinical HFpEF models is needed, taking into account the complex HFpEF pathophysiology in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Coenraad Withaar
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carolyn S P Lam
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.,National University Heart Centre, Singapore and Duke-National University of Singapore
| | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura M G Meems
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Woo J, Koziol-White C, Panettieri R, Jude J. TGF-β: The missing link in obesity-associated airway diseases? CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 2:100016. [PMID: 34909651 PMCID: PMC8663968 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is emerging as a global public health epidemic. The co-morbidities associated with obesity significantly contribute to reduced quality of life, mortality, and global healthcare burden. Compared to other asthma comorbidities, obesity prominently engenders susceptibility to inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), contributes to greater disease severity and evokes insensitivity to current therapies. Unlike in other metabolic diseases associated with obesity, the mechanistic link between obesity and airway diseases is only poorly defined. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine belonging to a family of growth factors with pivotal roles in asthma. In this review, we summarize the role of TGF-β in major obesity-associated co-morbidities to shed light on mechanisms of the diseases. Literature evidence shows that TGF-β mechanistically links many co-morbidities with obesity through its profibrotic, remodeling, and proinflammatory functions. We posit that TGF-β plays a similar mechanistic role in obesity-associated inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma and COPD. Concerning the role of TGF-β on metabolic effects of obesity, we posit that TGF-β has a similar mechanistic role in obesity-associated inflammatory airway diseases in interplay with different comorbidities such as hypertension, metabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes, and cardiomyopathies. Future studies in TGF-β-dependent mechanisms in obesity-associated inflammatory airway diseases will advance our understanding of obesity-induced asthma and help find novel therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Woo
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States,Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States
| | - Cynthia Koziol-White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States,Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States
| | - Reynold Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States,Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States,Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States
| | - Joseph Jude
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States,Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States,Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, The State University of New Jersey, 89 French Street, Rutgers, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, United States,Corresponding author. Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine & Science, Rm# 4276, 89 French Street, New Brunswick, NJ08901, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Aires A, Maestro D, Ruiz Del Rio J, Palanca AR, Lopez-Martinez E, Llarena I, Geraki K, Sanchez-Cano C, Villar AV, Cortajarena AL. Engineering multifunctional metal/protein hybrid nanomaterials as tools for therapeutic intervention and high-sensitivity detection. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2480-2487. [PMID: 34164014 PMCID: PMC8179251 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-based hybrid nanomaterials have recently emerged as promising platforms to fabricate tailored multifunctional biologics for biotechnological and biomedical applications. This work shows a simple, modular, and versatile strategy to design custom protein hybrid nanomaterials. This approach combines for the first time the engineering of a therapeutic protein module with the engineering of a nanomaterial-stabilizing module within the same molecule, resulting in a multifunctional hybrid nanocomposite unachievable through conventional material synthesis methodologies. As the first proof of concept, a multifunctional system was designed ad hoc for the therapeutic intervention and monitoring of myocardial fibrosis. This hybrid nanomaterial combines a designed Hsp90 inhibitory domain and a metal nanocluster stabilizing module resulting in a biologic drug labelled with a metal nanocluster. The engineered nanomaterial actively reduced myocardial fibrosis and heart hypertrophy in an animal model of cardiac remodeling. In addition to the therapeutic effect, the metal nanocluster allowed for in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo detection and imaging of the fibrotic disease under study. This study evidences the potential of combining protein engineering and protein-directed nanomaterial engineering approaches to design custom nanomaterials as theranostic tools, opening up unexplored routes to date for the next generation of advanced nanomaterials in medicine. Engineering protein-based hybrids by combining protein engineering and nanotechnology: a protein-nanocluster hybrid for theranostic use in myocardial fibrosis shows the potential to create tailored multifunctional biologics for biomedicine.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Aires
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 194 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - David Maestro
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria Albert Einstein 22 39011 Santander Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz Del Rio
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria Albert Einstein 22 39011 Santander Spain
| | - Ana R Palanca
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria Albert Einstein 22 39011 Santander Spain .,Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad de Cantabria Avd. Herrera Oria s/n 39011 Santander Spain
| | - Elena Lopez-Martinez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 194 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Irantzu Llarena
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 194 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Kalotina Geraki
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus RG20 6RE, UK England
| | - Carlos Sanchez-Cano
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 194 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain
| | - Ana V Villar
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria Albert Einstein 22 39011 Santander Spain .,Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Cantabria Avd. Herrera Oria s/n 39011 Santander Spain
| | - Aitziber L Cortajarena
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 194 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Spain .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science Mª Díaz de Haro 3 48013 Bilbao Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mühlfeld C, Pfeiffer C, Schneider V, Bornemann M, Schipke J. Voluntary activity reverses spermidine-induced myocardial fibrosis and lipid accumulation in the obese male mouse. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 155:75-88. [PMID: 33108533 PMCID: PMC7847856 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity due to high calorie intake induces cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, thus contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies in aging suggest that oral supplementation with the natural polyamine spermidine has a cardioprotective effect. Here, the hypothesis was tested that spermidine or voluntary activity alone or in combination protect the heart from adverse effects induced by obesity. Therefore, C57Bl/6 mice (n = 8–10 per group) were subjected to control or high fat diet (HFD) and were left untreated, or either received spermidine via drinking water or were voluntarily active or both. After 30 weeks, the mice were killed and the left ventricle of the hearts was processed for light and electron microscopy. Design-based stereology was used to estimate parameters of hypertrophy, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation. HFD induced cardiac hypertrophy as demonstrated by higher volumes of the left ventricle, cardiomyocytes, interstitium, myofibrils and cardiomyocyte mitochondria. These changes were not influenced by spermidine or voluntary activity. HFD also induced myocardial fibrosis and accumulation of lipid droplets within cardiomyocytes. These HFD effects were enhanced in spermidine treated animals but not in voluntarily active mice. This was even the case in voluntarily active mice that received spermidine. In conclusion, the data confirm the induction of left ventricular hypertrophy by high-fat diet and suggest that—under high fat diet—spermidine enhances cardiomyocyte lipid accumulation and interstitial fibrosis which is counteracted by voluntary activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Clara Pfeiffer
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schneider
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Bornemann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tomczyk MM, Dolinsky VW. The Cardiac Lipidome in Models of Cardiovascular Disease. Metabolites 2020; 10:E254. [PMID: 32560541 PMCID: PMC7344916 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. There are numerous factors involved in the development of CVD. Among these, lipids have an important role in maintaining the myocardial cell structure as well as cardiac function. Fatty acids (FA) are utilized for energy, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of CVD and heart failure. Advances in mass spectrometry methods have enabled the comprehensive analysis of a plethora of lipid species from a single sample comprised of a heterogeneous population of lipid molecules. Determining cardiac lipid alterations in different models of CVD identifies novel biomarkers as well as reveals molecular mechanisms that underlie disease development and progression. This information could inform the development of novel therapeutics in the treatment of CVD. Herein, we provide a review of recent studies of cardiac lipid profiles in myocardial infarction, obesity, and diabetic and dilated cardiomyopathy models of CVD by methods of mass spectrometry analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz M. Tomczyk
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Vernon W. Dolinsky
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Administration of apo A-I (Milano) nanoparticles reverses pathological remodelling, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure in a murine model of HFpEF associated with hypertension. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8382. [PMID: 32433476 PMCID: PMC7239951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic interventions with proven efficacy in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have been unsuccessful in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The modifiable risk factor with the greatest impact on the development of HFpEF is hypertension. The objectives of this study were to establish a murine model of HFpEF associated with hypertension and to evaluate the effect of apo A-IMilano nanoparticles (MDCO-216) on established HFpEF in this model. Subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II in combination with 1% NaCl in the drinking water was started at the age of 12 weeks in male C57BL/6 N mice and continued for the entire duration of the experiment. Treatment with MDCO-216 partially reversed established cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, capillary rarefaction, and perivascular fibrosis in this model. Pressure-volume loop analysis was consistent with HFpEF in hypertension mice as evidenced by the preserved ejection fraction and a significant reduction of cardiac output (7.78 ± 0.56 ml/min versus 10.5 ± 0.7 ml/min; p < 0.01) and of the peak filling rate (p < 0.05). MDCO-216 completely reversed cardiac dysfunction and abolished heart failure as evidenced by the normal lung weight and normal biomarkers of heart failure. In conclusion, apo A-IMilano nanoparticles constitute an effective treatment for established hypertension-associated HFpEF.
Collapse
|
18
|
Czarzasta K, Koperski L, Segiet A, Janiszewski M, Kuch M, Gornicka B, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A. The role of high fat diet in the regulation of MAP kinases activity in left ventricular fibrosis. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:303-310. [PMID: 30733042 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that obesity contributes to the development of systemic inflammatory responses, which in turn may be involved in the process of interstitial fibrosis and left ventricular (LV) remodelling. Activation of pro-inflammatory factors such as transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) can directly stimulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 and JNK. The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of TGF-β and MAPK p38 and JNK in the LV in Sprague Dawley (SPRD) rats maintained on a high fat diet (HFD). The SPRD rats from 4 weeks of age were on a normal fat diet (NFD) or a HFD for 12 weeks (NFD-16-week-old rats, NFD 16-wk; or HFD-16-week-old rats, HFD 16-wk) or 16 weeks (NFD-20-week-old rats, NFD 20-wk; or HFD-20-week-old rats, HFD 20-wk). At the end of the experiment, blood and LV were collected from all rats for further analysis (biochemical, Real Time PCR and immunohistochemical analysis). TGF-β mRNA expression did not differ between the study groups of rats. However, p38 MAPK mRNA expression was significantly lower in the HFD 20-wk rats than in both the HFD 16-wk rats and the NFD 20-wk rats. c-jun mRNA expression was significantly higher in the HFD 16-wk rats than in the NFD 16-wk rats. There was significantly lower expression of c-jun mRNA in the HFD 20-wk rats and in the NFD 20-wk rats than in the HFD 16-wk rats and in the NFD 16-wk rats, respectively. TGF-β type II receptor (TβRII) protein demonstrated only cytoplasmic reactivity, while p38 MAPK protein and c-jun protein showed both nuclear and cytoplasmic reactivity. The results suggest that a high fat diet and in two time intervals significantly influence the expression of p38 MAPK and JNK in the LV. However, demonstrating their potential involvement in the processes of interstitial myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular remodeling requires further research.
Collapse
|
19
|
Otten J, Andersson J, Ståhl J, Stomby A, Saleh A, Waling M, Ryberg M, Hauksson J, Svensson M, Johansson B, Olsson T. Exercise Training Adds Cardiometabolic Benefits of a Paleolithic Diet in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e010634. [PMID: 30652528 PMCID: PMC6497343 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The accumulation of myocardial triglycerides and remodeling of the left ventricle are common features in type 2 diabetes mellitus and represent potential risk factors for the development of diastolic and systolic dysfunction. A few studies have investigated the separate effects of diet and exercise training on cardiac function, but none have investigated myocardial changes in response to a combined diet and exercise intervention. This 12-week randomized study assessed the effects of a Paleolithic diet, with and without additional supervised exercise training, on cardiac fat, structure, and function. Methods and Results Twenty-two overweight and obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized to either a Paleolithic diet and standard-care exercise recommendations ( PD ) or to a Paleolithic diet plus supervised exercise training 3 hours per week ( PD - EX ). This study includes secondary end points related to cardiac structure and function, ie, myocardial triglycerides levels, cardiac morphology, and strain were measured using cardiovascular magnetic resonance, including proton spectroscopy, at baseline and after 12 weeks. Both groups showed major favorable metabolic changes. The PD - EX group showed significant decreases in myocardial triglycerides levels (-45%, P=0.038) and left ventricle mass to end-diastolic volume ratio (-13%, P=0.008) while the left ventricle end-diastolic volume and stroke volume increased significantly (+14%, P=0.004 and +17%, P=0.008, respectively). These variables were unchanged in the PD group. Conclusions Exercise training plus a Paleolithic diet reduced myocardial triglycerides levels and improved left ventricle remodeling in overweight/obese subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical Trial Registration URL : http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT 01513798.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Otten
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jonas Andersson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jens Ståhl
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Andreas Stomby
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Ahmed Saleh
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Maria Waling
- Department of Food and NutritionUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Mats Ryberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Jon Hauksson
- Department of Radiation SciencesUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
- Department of Radiography and Biomedical ScienceFaculty of MedicineUniversity of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Michael Svensson
- Sports Medicine UnitDepartment of Community Medicine and RehabilitationUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Bengt Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Tommy Olsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Oliveira‐Junior SA, Dal Pai M, Guizoni DM, Torres BP, Martinez PF, Campos DHS, Okoshi MP, Okoshi K, Padovani CR, Cicogna AC. Effects of AT1 receptor antagonism on interstitial and ultrastructural remodeling of heart in response to a hypercaloric diet. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e13964. [PMID: 30592176 PMCID: PMC6308213 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Palatable hypercaloric feeding has been associated with angiotensin-II type 1 receptor (AT1R) stimulation and cardiac remodeling. This study analyzed whether AT1R antagonism attenuates cardiac remodeling in rats subjected to a palatable hypercaloric diet. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats were subjected to a commercial standard rat chow (CD) or a palatable hypercaloric diet (HD) for 35 weeks and then allocated into four groups: CD, CL, HD, and HL; L groups received losartan in drinking water (30 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. Body weight, adiposity, and glycemia were evaluated. The cardiovascular study included echocardiography, and myocardial morphometric and ultrastructural evaluation. Myocardial collagen isoforms Type I and III were analyzed by Western blot. Both HD and HL had higher adiposity than their respective controls. Cardiomyocyte cross-sectional-area (CD 285 ± 49; HD 344 ± 91; CL 327 ± 49; HL 303 ± 49 μm2 ) and interstitial collagen fractional area were significantly higher in HD than CD and unchanged by losartan. HD showed marked ultrastructural alterations such as myofilament loss, and severe mitochondrial swelling. CL presented higher Type I collagen expression when compared to CD and HL groups. The ultrastructural changes and type I collagen expression were attenuated by losartan in HL. Losartan attenuates systolic dysfunction and ultrastructural abnormalities without changing myocardial interstitial remodeling in rats subjected to a palatable hypercaloric diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio A. Oliveira‐Junior
- School of Physical TherapyFederal University of Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Maeli Dal Pai
- Botucatu Biosciences InstituteUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Daniele M. Guizoni
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical SchoolUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Barbara P. Torres
- Botucatu Biosciences InstituteUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Paula F. Martinez
- School of Physical TherapyFederal University of Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil
| | - Dijon H. S. Campos
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical SchoolUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Marina P. Okoshi
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical SchoolUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical SchoolUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Carlos R. Padovani
- Botucatu Biosciences InstituteUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| | - Antonio C. Cicogna
- Internal Medicine DepartmentBotucatu Medical SchoolUniv. Estadual PaulistaUNESPBotucatuSão PauloBrazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Levelt E, McCann GP, Schneider JE, Plein S. Effects of Vildagliptin on Ventricular Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2018; 6:443-444. [PMID: 29724373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
22
|
Valero-Muñoz M, Backman W, Sam F. Murine Models of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: a "Fishing Expedition". JACC Basic Transl Sci 2017; 2:770-789. [PMID: 29333506 PMCID: PMC5764178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by signs and symptoms of HF in the presence of a normal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). Despite accounting for up to 50% of all clinical presentations of HF, the mechanisms implicated in HFpEF are poorly understood, thus precluding effective therapy. The pathophysiological heterogeneity in the HFpEF phenotype also contributes to this disease and likely to the absence of evidence-based therapies. Limited access to human samples and imperfect animal models that completely recapitulate the human HFpEF phenotype have impeded our understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings that exist in this disease. Aging and comorbidities such as atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes and obesity, pulmonary hypertension and renal dysfunction are highly associated with HFpEF. Yet, the relationship and contribution between them remains ill-defined. This review discusses some of the distinctive clinical features of HFpEF in association with these comorbidities and highlights the advantages and disadvantage of commonly used murine models, used to study the HFpEF phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Valero-Muñoz
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Warren Backman
- Evans Department of Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Flora Sam
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Evans Department of Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Cardiovascular Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Aissa AF, Amaral CLD, Venancio VP, Machado CDS, Hernandes LC, Santos PWDS, Curi R, Bianchi MDLP, Antunes LMG. Methionine-supplemented diet affects the expression of cardiovascular disease-related genes and increases inflammatory cytokines in mice heart and liver. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1116-1128. [PMID: 28880739 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1357366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Some important environmental factors that influence the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include tobacco, excess alcohol, and unhealthy diet. Methionine obtained from the diet participates in the synthesis of DNA, proteins, lipids and affects homocysteine levels, which is associated with the elevated risk for CVD development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the manner in which dietary methionine might affect cellular mechanisms underlying CVD occurrence. Swiss albino mice were fed either control (0.3% DL-methionine), methionine-supplemented (2% DL-methionine), or a methionine-deprived diet (0% DL-methionine) over a 10-week period. The parameters measured included plasma homocysteine concentrations, oxidative stress by reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as expression of genes associated with CVD. The levels of apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5), a regulator of plasma triglycerides, were measured. The methionine-supplemented diet increased oxidative stress by lowering the GSH/GSSG ratio in heart tissues and decreased expression of the genes Apob, Ctgf, Serpinb2, Spp1, Il1b, and Sell, but elevated expression of Thbs4, Tgfb2, Ccr1, and Vegfa. Methionine-deprived diet reduced expression of Col3a1, Cdh5, Fabp3, Bax, and Hbegf and increased expression of Sell, Ccl5, Itga2, Birc3, Msr1, Bcl2a1a, Il1r2, and Selp. Methionine-deprived diet exerted pro-inflammatory consequences as evidenced by elevated levels of cytokines IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6 noted in liver. Methionine-supplemented diet increased hepatic IL-6 and cardiac TNF-α. Both methionine supplementation and deprivation lowered hepatic levels of APOA5. In conclusion, data demonstrated that a methionine-supplemented diet modulated important biological processes associated with high risk of CVD development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Ferro Aissa
- a Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Catia Lira do Amaral
- b Campus Henrique Santillo , Universidade Estadual de Goiás , Anápolis , GO , Brazil
| | - Vinicius Paula Venancio
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Carla da Silva Machado
- a Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Lívia Cristina Hernandes
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Patrick Wellington da Silva Santos
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- d Department of Physiology and Biophysics , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , SP , Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pires Bianchi
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- c Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Marín-Royo G, Martínez-Martínez E, Gutiérrez B, Jurado-López R, Gallardo I, Montero O, Bartolomé MV, San Román JA, Salaices M, Nieto ML, Cachofeiro V. The impact of obesity in the cardiac lipidome and its consequences in the cardiac damage observed in obese rats. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2017; 30:10-20. [PMID: 28869040 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the impact of obesity on the cardiac lipid profile in rats with diet-induced obesity, as well as to evaluate whether or not the specific changes in lipid species are associated with cardiac fibrosis. METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD, 35% fat) or standard diet (3.5% fat) for 6 weeks. Cardiac lipids were analyzed using by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS HFD rats showed cardiac fibrosis and enhanced levels of cardiac superoxide anion (O2), HOMA index, adiposity, and plasma leptin, as well as a reduction in those of cardiac glucose transporter (GLUT 4), compared with control animals. Cardiac lipid profile analysis showed a significant increase in triglycerides, especially those enriched with palmitic, stearic, and arachidonic acid. An increase in levels of diacylglycerol (DAG) was also observed. No changes in cardiac levels of diacyl phosphatidylcholine, or even a reduction in total levels of diacyl phosphatidylethanolamine, diacyl phosphatidylinositol, and sphingomyelins (SM) was observed in HFD, as compared with control animals. After adjustment for other variables (oxidative stress, HOMA, cardiac hypertrophy), total levels of DAG were independent predictors of cardiac fibrosis while the levels of total SM were independent predictors of the cardiac levels of GLUT 4. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that obesity has a significant impact on cardiac lipid composition, although it does not modulate the different species in a similar manner. Nonetheless, these changes are likely to participate in the cardiac damage in the context of obesity, since total DAG levels can facilitate the development of cardiac fibrosis, and SM levels predict GLUT4 levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gema Marín-Royo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spain
| | - Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spain
| | - Beatriz Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Spain
| | - Raquel Jurado-López
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spain
| | - Isabel Gallardo
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Spain
| | - Olimpio Montero
- Centro de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mª Visitación Bartolomé
- Departamento de Oftalmología y Otorrinolaringología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alberto San Román
- Instituto de Ciencias del Corazón (ICICOR), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Salaices
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Nieto
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, CSIC-Universidad de Valladolid, Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Spain; Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Perez J, Diaz N, Tandon I, Plate R, Martindale C, Balachandran K. Elevated Serotonin Interacts with Angiotensin-II to Result in Altered Valve Interstitial Cell Contractility and Remodeling. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2017; 9:168-180. [PMID: 28247311 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-017-0298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
While the valvulopathic effects of serotonin (5HT) and angiotensin-II (Ang-II) individually are known, it was not clear how 5HT and Ang-II might interact, specifically in the context of the mechanobiological responses due to altered valve mechanics potentiated by these molecules. In this context, the hypothesis of this study was that increased serotonin levels would result in accelerated progression toward disease in the presence of angiotensin-II-induced hypertension. C57/BL6 J mice were divided into four groups and subcutaneously implanted with osmotic pumps containing: PBS (control), 5HT (2.5 ng/kg/min), Ang-II (400 ng/kg/min), and 5HT + Ang-II (combination). Blood pressure was monitored using the tail cuff method. Echocardiography was performed on the mice before surgery and every week thereafter to assess ejection fraction. After three weeks, the mice were sacrificed and their hearts excised, embedded and sectioned for analysis of the aortic valves via histology and immunohistochemistry. In separate experiments, porcine valve interstitial cells (VICs) were directly stimulated with 5HT (10-7 M), Ang-II (100 nM) or both and assayed for cellular contractility, cytoskeletal organization and collagen remodeling. After three weeks, average systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in the 5HT, Ang-II and combination groups compared to control. Echocardiographic analysis demonstrated significantly reduced ejection fraction in Ang-II and the combination groups. H&E staining demonstrated thicker leaflets in the combination groups, suggesting a more aggressive remodeling process. Picrosirius red staining and image analysis suggested that the Ang-II and combination groups had the largest proportion of thicker collagen fibers. VIC orientation, cellular contractility and collagen gene expression was highest for the 5HT + Ang-II combination treatment compared to all other groups. Overall, our results suggest that 5HT and Ang-II interact to result in significantly detrimental alteration of function and remodeling in the valve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Perez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A. White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Nancy Diaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A. White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Ishita Tandon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A. White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Rachel Plate
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A. White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Christopher Martindale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A. White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Kartik Balachandran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 122 John A. White Jr. Engineering Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Glenn DJ, Cardema MC, Gardner DG. Amplification of lipotoxic cardiomyopathy in the VDR gene knockout mouse. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 164:292-298. [PMID: 26429397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that the liganded vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays an important role in controlling cardiovascular homeostasis. Both the whole animal VDR gene knockout (VDR-/-) and the myocyte-specific VDR gene deletion result in changes in cardiac structure and function. Clinical states associated with cardiac steatosis (obesity and diabetes mellitus) are also associated with low circulating 25 OH vitamin D levels. We, therefore, examined the effects of VDR deficiency (VDR-/- mouse) in a murine model of cardiac steatosis that expresses the terminal enzyme involved in triglyceride synthesis, diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), selectively in the cardiac myocyte. These mice display early cardiac dysfunction and late cardiomyopathy and heart failure. In the present study, we demonstrate that mice harboring both genetic modifications (i.e., MHC-DGAT1 Tg and VDR-/-) exhibit an increase in myocyte size, heart weight/body weight ratio and natriuretic peptide gene expression, all markers of cardiac hypertrophy, that exceed that seen in either VDR-/- or the MHC-DGAT1 Tg mice alone. This was accompanied by a dramatic increase in interstitial fibrosis and increased expression of collagen 1a1 and collagen 3a1, as well as the osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinase 2, genes. At a functional level, this resulted in a 37% reduction in ejection fraction and 55% reduction in fractional shortening in the DGAT1; VDR-/- mice relative to the controls. Collectively, these data demonstrate that deficiency in the vitamin D signaling system enhances the pathological phenotype in this experimental cardiomyopathy and suggest an important role for vitamin D in modulating disease severity in common cardiovascular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis J Glenn
- Diabetes Center, 1109 HSW, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0540, United States.
| | - Michelle C Cardema
- Diabetes Center, 1109 HSW, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0540, United States
| | - David G Gardner
- Diabetes Center, 1109 HSW, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0540, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Levelt E, Mahmod M, Piechnik SK, Ariga R, Francis JM, Rodgers CT, Clarke WT, Sabharwal N, Schneider JE, Karamitsos TD, Clarke K, Rider OJ, Neubauer S. Relationship Between Left Ventricular Structural and Metabolic Remodeling in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2016; 65:44-52. [PMID: 26438611 PMCID: PMC4890658 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Concentric left ventricular (LV) remodeling is associated with adverse cardiovascular events and is frequently observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite this, the cause of concentric remodeling in diabetes per se is unclear, but it may be related to cardiac steatosis and impaired myocardial energetics. Thus, we investigated the relationship between myocardial metabolic changes and LV remodeling in T2DM. Forty-six nonhypertensive patients with T2DM and 20 matched control subjects underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance to assess LV remodeling (LV mass-to-LV end diastolic volume ratio), function, tissue characterization before and after contrast using T1 mapping, and (1)H and (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy for myocardial triglyceride content (MTG) and phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio, respectively. When compared with BMI- and blood pressure-matched control subjects, subjects with diabetes were associated with concentric LV remodeling, higher MTG, impaired myocardial energetics, and impaired systolic strain indicating a subtle contractile dysfunction. Importantly, cardiac steatosis independently predicted concentric remodeling and systolic strain. Extracellular volume fraction was unchanged, indicating the absence of fibrosis. In conclusion, cardiac steatosis may contribute to concentric remodeling and contractile dysfunction of the LV in diabetes. Because cardiac steatosis is modifiable, strategies aimed at reducing MTG may be beneficial in reversing concentric remodeling and improving contractile function in the hearts of patients with diabetes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/pathology
- Adult
- Case-Control Studies
- Coronary Angiography
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Echocardiography
- Female
- Heart/physiopathology
- Humans
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/complications
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/pathology
- Phosphocreatine/metabolism
- Phosphorus Isotopes
- Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Systole
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Triglycerides/metabolism
- Ventricular Remodeling
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eylem Levelt
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Masliza Mahmod
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Stefan K Piechnik
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Rina Ariga
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Jane M Francis
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Christopher T Rodgers
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - William T Clarke
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | - Jurgen E Schneider
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Theodoros D Karamitsos
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. First Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Oliver J Rider
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abdesselam I, Pepino P, Troalen T, Macia M, Ancel P, Masi B, Fourny N, Gaborit B, Giannesini B, Kober F, Dutour A, Bernard M. Time course of cardiometabolic alterations in a high fat high sucrose diet mice model and improvement after GLP-1 analog treatment using multimodal cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015; 17:95. [PMID: 26546347 PMCID: PMC4636800 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-015-0198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular complications of obesity and diabetes are major health problems. Assessing their development, their link with ectopic fat deposition and their flexibility with therapeutic intervention is essential. The aim of this study was to longitudinally investigate cardiac alterations and ectopic fat accumulation associated with diet-induced obesity using multimodal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in mice. The second objective was to monitor cardiac response to exendin-4 (GLP-1 receptor agonist). METHODS Male C57BL6R mice subjected to a high fat (35 %) high sucrose (34 %) (HFHSD) or a standard diet (SD) during 4 months were explored every month with multimodal CMR to determine hepatic and myocardial triglyceride content (HTGC, MTGC) using proton MR spectroscopy, cardiac function with cine cardiac MR (CMR) and myocardial perfusion with arterial spin labeling CMR. Furthermore, mice treated with exendin-4 (30 μg/kg SC BID) after 4 months of diet were explored before and 14 days post-treatment with multimodal CMR. RESULTS HFHSD mice became significantly heavier (+33 %) and displayed glucose homeostasis impairment (1-month) as compared to SD mice, and developed early increase in HTGC (1 month, +59 %) and MTGC (2-month, +63 %). After 3 months, HFHSD mice developed cardiac dysfunction with significantly higher diastolic septum wall thickness (sWtnD) (1.28 ± 0.03 mm vs. 1.12 ± 0.03 mm) and lower cardiac index (0.45 ± 0.06 mL/min/g vs. 0.68 ± 0.07 mL/min/g, p = 0.02) compared to SD mice. A significantly lower cardiac perfusion was also observed (4 months:7.5 ± 0.8 mL/g/min vs. 10.0 ± 0.7 mL/g/min, p = 0.03). Cardiac function at 4 months was negatively correlated to both HTGC and MTGC (p < 0.05). 14-day treatment with Exendin-4 (Ex-4) dramatically reversed all these alterations in comparison with placebo-treated HFHSD. Ex-4 diminished myocardial triglyceride content (-57.8 ± 4.1 %), improved cardiac index (+38.9 ± 10.9 %) and restored myocardial perfusion (+52.8 ± 16.4 %) under isoflurane anesthesia. Interestingly, increased wall thickness and hepatic steatosis reductions were independent of weight loss and glycemia decrease in multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION CMR longitudinal follow-up of cardiac consequences of obesity and diabetes showed early accumulation of ectopic fat in mice before the occurrence of microvascular and contractile dysfunction. This study also supports a cardioprotective effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inès Abdesselam
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, NORT, Inserm U1062/Inra1260, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Pepino
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Troalen
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Michael Macia
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Patricia Ancel
- Aix-Marseille Université, NORT, Inserm U1062/Inra1260, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Brice Masi
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Natacha Fourny
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Bénédicte Gaborit
- Aix-Marseille Université, NORT, Inserm U1062/Inra1260, 13385, Marseille, France
- Endocrinology, Metabolic diseases and nutrition, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Benoît Giannesini
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Frank Kober
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Dutour
- Aix-Marseille Université, NORT, Inserm U1062/Inra1260, 13385, Marseille, France
- Endocrinology, Metabolic diseases and nutrition, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR7339, 27, Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|