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Chen M, Ding N, Grams ME, Matsushita K, Ishigami J. Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Hospitalization With Acute Kidney Injury: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2024; 83:794-802.e1. [PMID: 38070588 PMCID: PMC11116070 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for various adverse events. However, little is known about the association of smoking with the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the general population. This study investigated the association of cigarette smoking with the risk of AKI. STUDY DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 14,571 participants (mean age 55±6 years, 55% women, and 25% Black participants) from the ARIC study visit 1 (1987-1989) followed through December 31, 2019. EXPOSURE Smoking parameters (status, duration, pack-years, intensity, and years since cessation). OUTCOME Incident hospitalization with AKI, defined by a hospital discharge with a diagnostic code relevant to AKI. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Multivariable Cox regression models. RESULTS Over a median follow-up period of 26.3 years, 2,984 participants had an incident hospitalization with AKI. Current and former smokers had a significantly higher risk of AKI compared to never smokers after adjusting for potential confounders (HR, 2.22 [95% CI, 2.02-2.45] and 1.12 [1.02-1.23], respectively). A dose-response association was consistently seen for each of smoking duration, pack-years, and intensity with AKI (eg, HR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.16-1.22] per 10 years of smoking). When years since cessation were considered as a time-varying exposure, the risk of AKI associated with smoking compared with current smokers began to decrease after 10 years, and became similar to never smokers at 30 years (HR for≥30 years, 1.07 [95% CI, 0.97-1.20] vs never smokers). LIMITATIONS Self-reported smoking measurements and missing outpatient AKI cases. CONCLUSIONS In a community-based cohort, all smoking parameters were robustly associated with the risk of AKI. Smoking cessation was associated with decreased risk of AKI, although the excess risk lasted up to 30 years. Our study supports the importance of preventing smoking initiation and promoting smoking cessation for the risk of AKI. PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY Smoking is a behavior that is associated with many negative health effects. It is not well understood how smoking relates to the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the community. In this study, we looked at data from a group of 14,571 adults who were followed for 26 years to see how different aspects of smoking (such as whether someone smoked, how long they smoked for, how many cigarettes they smoked per day, and whether they quit smoking) were related to AKI. We found that smoking was strongly linked to an increased risk of AKI. This risk decreased after 5-10 years of quitting smoking, but the excess risk lasted up to 30 years. This study shows the importance of preventing people from starting smoking and to encourage smokers to quit to reduce their risk of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of Precision of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Kunihiro Matsushita
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Junichi Ishigami
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Kunno J, Luangwilai T, Pimviriyakul P, Sematong S, Supawattanabodee B, Kuratong S, Robson MG. Active smoking in urban households: An association between urinary cotinine metabolite level and serum eGFR concentration. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-59. [PMID: 38586496 PMCID: PMC10996036 DOI: 10.18332/tid/186071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking stands as a primary contributor to preventable deaths globally and is linked to an increased risk of developing kidney failure and other diseases. A few studies have focused on the negative correlation between serum cotinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), indicating decreased kidney function. This study investigated the associations between urinary cotinine metabolite concentration and serum eGFR among active smokers in urban households. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of active smokers in urban households' community Bangkok, Thailand from January to April 2023. The study involved 85 participants aged ≥18 years who were active smokers. Both urinary cotinine and serum eGFR concentrations were used as biomarkers. Independent sample t-tests were used to compare the urinary cotinine metabolite based on differences in the characteristic variable. We used multiple linear regression to test the association between cotinine metabolite and characteristics variables. Spearman's analysis was used to test the correlation between cotinine metabolite and eGFR concentration. RESULTS The association between urinary cotinine metabolite and serum eGFR concentration decreased with increasing cotinine concentrations (r= -0.223, p=0.041), suggesting a decline in kidney function. However, this study found no significant difference between urinary cotinine metabolite and characteristic variables (p>0.05). Additionally, those who smoked for ≥10 years (117.40 ± 89.80 ng/mL), smoked ≥10 cigarettes per day (117.40 ± 89.80 ng/mL) and used conventional cigarettes (124.53 ± 115.10 ng/mL). The results of the multiple linear regression models analysis indicated that those who were smokers for ≥10 years (β=0.076; 95% CI: -31.575-59.715) and those who were smoked ≥10 cigarettes/day (β=0.126; 95% CI: -65.636-18.150) were not associated with urinary cotinine metabolite level. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the urinary cotinine metabolite level is associated with serum eGFR concentration among active smokers in urban households. The current study suggests that clinical identification and a prospective cohort study are needed before robust conclusions about how tobacco affects kidney efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadsada Kunno
- Department of Research and Medical Innovation, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Titaporn Luangwilai
- Department of Research and Medical Innovation, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panu Pimviriyakul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saowanee Sematong
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Busaba Supawattanabodee
- Department of Research and Medical Innovation, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sathit Kuratong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mark Gregory Robson
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, United States
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Salehi Z, Motlagh Ghoochani BFN, Hasani Nourian Y, Jamalkandi SA, Ghanei M. The controversial effect of smoking and nicotine in SARS-CoV-2 infection. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 19:49. [PMID: 37264452 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-023-00797-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of nicotine and cigarette smoke in many diseases, notably COVID-19 infection, are being debated more frequently. The current basic data for COVID-19 is increasing and indicating the higher risk of COVID-19 infections in smokers due to the overexpression of corresponding host receptors to viral entry. However, current multi-national epidemiological reports indicate a lower incidence of COVID-19 disease in smokers. Current data indicates that smokers are more susceptible to some diseases and more protective of some other. Interestingly, nicotine is also reported to play a dual role, being both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. In the present study, we tried to investigate the effect of pure nicotine on various cells involved in COVID-19 infection. We followed an organ-based systematic approach to decipher the effect of nicotine in damaged organs corresponding to COVID-19 pathogenesis (12 related diseases). Considering that the effects of nicotine and cigarette smoke are different from each other, it is necessary to be careful in generalizing the effects of nicotine and cigarette to each other in the conducted researches. The generalization and the undifferentiation of nicotine from smoke is a significant bias. Moreover, different doses of nicotine stimulate different effects (dose-dependent response). In addition to further assessing the role of nicotine in COVID-19 infection and any other cases, a clever assessment of underlying diseases should also be considered to achieve a guideline for health providers and a personalized approach to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yazdan Hasani Nourian
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Azimzadeh Jamalkandi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Scharf P, Rizzetto F, Xavier LF, Farsky SHP. Xenobiotics Delivered by Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: Potential Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10293. [PMID: 36142207 PMCID: PMC9498982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized as sustained damage to the renal parenchyma, leading to impaired renal functions and gradually progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are underlying diseases of CKD. Genetic background, lifestyle, and xenobiotic exposures can favor CKD onset and trigger its underlying diseases. Cigarette smoking (CS) is a known modified risk factor for CKD. Compounds from tobacco combustion act through multi-mediated mechanisms that impair renal function. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) consumption, such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco devices, is growing worldwide. ENDS release mainly nicotine, humectants, and flavorings, which generate several byproducts when heated, including volatile organic compounds and ultrafine particles. The toxicity assessment of these products is emerging in human and experimental studies, but data are yet incipient to achieve truthful conclusions about their safety. To build up the knowledge about the effect of currently employed ENDS on the pathogenesis of CKD, cellular and molecular mechanisms of ENDS xenobiotic on DM, AH, and kidney functions were reviewed. Unraveling the toxic mechanisms of action and endpoints of ENDS exposures will contribute to the risk assessment and implementation of proper health and regulatory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
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Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, El-Kholy SS, Dahran N, El Bohy KM, Moustafa GG, Saber TM, Metwally MMM, Gaber RA, Alqahtani LS, Mostafa-Hedeab G, El-Shetry ES. Scrutinizing pathways of Nicotine effect on renal Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing Mice: role of Chlorella vulgaris. Gene 2022; 837:146697. [PMID: 35764235 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is one of several physiologically stable and active chemicals found in tobacco. The mechanism through which nicotine causes kidney damage is still obscure. As a result, the goal of this research was to investigate how oral nicotine intake can lead to kidney damage. Naturaly occurring superfood green algae are immense supplements help us using extra chemicals during cancer prevalence if the patient is exposed to nicotine. Hence, the mitigating role of Chlorella vulgaris extract (CVE) against nicotine-nephrotoxic impact in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice was studied. For this purpose, four groups of Swiss female mice were assigned, nicotine group (NIC) (100 µg/ml/kg), CVE group (100 mg/kg), CVE+Nicotine, and a control group. Renal dysfunction was evaluated by estimating serum biomarkers ofrenal damage. The expression pattern of Nf-KB, MAPK, P53, and α7-nAchR, lipid peroxidation biomarker, and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated in kidney tissue. Also, micro-morphometric examination and apoptosis immunohistochemical reactivity of kidney tissue were applied. The obtained results indicated up-regulation of all estimated genes and oxidative stress. Moreover, a significant (P<0.05) increment in the apoptotic marker Caspase-3 and declined BCL-2 proteins were recorded. In serum, a significant (P<0.05) elevation of urea, creatinine, TNF-α, IL-1β, and Kim-1 were evident. Histological investigation reinforced the aforementioned data, revealing structural changes involving the tubules, glomeruli, and interstitium of mice kidneys. CVE may be a strong contender for protecting renal tissue damage since it reduces renal tissue injury and oxidative stress. Cancer patients who regularly use nicotine through direct smoking or second-hand exposure can benefit from CVE usage as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Sanad S El-Kholy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khlood M El Bohy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Gihan G Moustafa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Taghred M Saber
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Gaber
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology department & Health Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Early Diagnosis of Kidney Damage Associated with Tobacco Use: Preventive Application. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071032. [PMID: 35887529 PMCID: PMC9325290 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although long-term smoking has been associated with chronic kidney disease, its effect on kidney function in early stages has not been clarified. Therefore, the proposed objectives were: (1) to identify subclinical kidney damage in smokers, through a panel of biomarkers; (2) to evaluate the progression of subclinical kidney damage after two years of consumption in these patients; and (3) study whether quitting smoking reduces kidney damage. A prospective study was carried out (patients recruited from a primary care centre and a clinical smoking unit). Kidney function was assessed using a panel of biomarkers and compared between smokers and non-smokers, taking into account potential risk factors for kidney damage. These results show, for the first time in the literature, the relationship between smoking and early (subclinical) kidney damage and provide a panel of biomarkers capable of detecting this condition (Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, Kidney injury molecule-1, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, transferrin, and ganglioside-activating protein GM2). This study also indicates that subclinical damage is maintained when use continues, but can be reversed if patients stop smoking. The use of these biomarkers as diagnostic tools can be a preventive measure in the development of chronic kidney disease associated with smoking and in the prevention of acute events associated with potentially nephrotoxic pharmacological treatment in smokers. Trial registration number: NCT03850756.
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Association of severity and mortality of Covid-19 cases among acute kidney injury and sexual dimorphism. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6753-6762. [PMID: 35249167 PMCID: PMC8898193 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) severely impacted global health and economic status. The native receptor-ligand interaction of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and S protein induces host cell pathogenesis via immunosuppression. Material and Methods The emerging evidence reports the sex disparity in Covid-19 induced mortality rate which affects abundantly men population. Although the biological interaction of Covid-19 with receptor upregulates the viral genome protein interactions and initiates the predictive multiorgan failure followed by acute kidney injury (AKI) in Covid-19 infected male population. Conclusion Besides, the knowledge and lessons learned from the study depict that cellular and molecular links may explain the risk and severity of Covid-19 and AKI in the male population and lead to management of Covid-19 induced AKI. Therefore, this review explored the pathways associated with the pathogenesis of two diseased conditions with sex disparity.
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Androgen deprivation therapy and acute kidney injury in patients with prostate cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2021:10.1038/s41391-021-00415-3. [PMID: 34811501 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is frequently utilized in conjunction with radiotherapy (RT) in the definitive management of prostate cancer. Prior studies have suggested an association between ADT use and acute kidney injury (AKI), however, these included heterogeneous populations undergoing a variety of treatments and relied on billing codes to ascertain the incidence of AKI. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 27,868 veterans undergoing definitive RT + /- ADT for prostate cancer between 2001 and 2015 using the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI). Exposure was defined as use of ADT within one year of diagnosis. The primary outcome was AKI, defined by an increase in serum creatinine to at least 1.5 times the baseline value. AKIs were classified as mild, moderate, or severe in accordance with international guidelines. A multivariate competing risks model was used to account for demographic and oncologic factors as well as medications and procedures known to influence the risk of AKI. RESULTS Most (n = 18,754) men received RT alone; 9,114 men received RT + ADT. The incidence of AKI at two years after diagnosis was 10.5% in the RT + ADT group and 7.9% in the RT group (Gray's test p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis confirmed ADT usage was associated with an increased risk for any AKI (SHR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.14-1.36, p < 0.01). ADT was also associated with an increased risk of mild AKI (SHR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.01-1.27, p = 0.04) and moderate AKI (SHR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.20-1.76, p < 0.01), though not severe AKI (SHR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.93-1.91, p = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that use of ADT is associated with an increased risk of AKI in patients undergoing definitive RT for prostate cancer. Clinicians should be alert to the potential for renal dysfunction in this population.
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Wu CC, Wang HE, Liu YC, Zheng CM, Chu P, Lu KC, Chu CM, Chang YT. Sleeping, Smoking, and Kidney Diseases: Evidence From the NHANES 2017-2018. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:745006. [PMID: 34651001 PMCID: PMC8505692 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.745006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives: Smoking and sleep are modifiable factors associated with the chronic kidney diseases. However, the interaction of smoking and sleep on the renal function are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the interactive impacts of smoking and sleep on the renal function. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study population were categorized into nine subgroups by smoking (smoking every day, sometimes, and non-smokers recently) and sleep duration (short duration ≤ 6 h, normal duration 6-9 h, and longer duration ≥ 9 h on the weekdays). Results: The study group with a short sleep duration had significantly higher serum cotinine and hydrocotinine levels compared with the other two sleep groups. After adjusting the demographic characteristics (age, race, body mass index, and marital status), sleep quality (snoring or breathing cessation), and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, high cholesterol, anemia, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, and stroke), non-smokers with short or long sleep duration had significant lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels than the study group who smoked every day and slept ≤ 6 h. The effects of sleep duration on eGFR levels varied with smoking status. For the study group smoking every day, eGFR levels increased as sleep duration decreased, whereas for the study group smoking sometimes, eGFR levels increased as sleep duration increased. The U-shaped effects of eGFR levels were observed among non-smokers whose normal sleep duration was associated with better eGFR levels. Normal sleep duration was an important protective factor of the renal function for non-smokers than smokers. Conclusions: The effects of sleep duration on eGFR levels varied with smoking status. Normal sleep duration was a protective factor and more crucial for non-smokers than for smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-En Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Liu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- TMU Research Centre of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pauling Chu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic Hospital, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Songshan Branch of Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, National Defense Medical Center, School of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Chang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Sousa MV, Amaral AG, Freitas JA, Murata GM, Watanabe EH, Balbo BE, Tavares MD, Hortegal RA, Rocon C, Souza LE, Irigoyen MC, Salemi VM, Onuchic LF. Smoking accelerates renal cystic disease and worsens cardiac phenotype in Pkd1-deficient mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14443. [PMID: 34262092 PMCID: PMC8280209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking has been associated with renal disease progression in ADPKD but the underlying deleterious mechanisms and whether it specifically worsens the cardiac phenotype remain unknown. To investigate these matters, Pkd1-deficient cystic mice and noncystic littermates were exposed to smoking from conception to 18 weeks of age and, along with nonexposed controls, were analyzed at 13-18 weeks. Renal cystic index and cyst-lining cell proliferation were higher in cystic mice exposed to smoking than nonexposed cystic animals. Smoking increased serum urea nitrogen in cystic and noncystic mice and independently enhanced tubular cell proliferation and apoptosis. Smoking also increased renal fibrosis, however this effect was much higher in cystic than in noncystic animals. Pkd1 deficiency and smoking showed independent and additive effects on reducing renal levels of glutathione. Systolic function and several cardiac structural parameters were also negatively affected by smoking and the Pkd1-deficient status, following independent and additive patterns. Smoking did not increase, however, cardiac apoptosis or fibrosis in cystic and noncystic mice. Notably, smoking promoted a much higher reduction in body weight in Pkd1-deficient than in noncystic animals. Our findings show that smoking aggravated the renal and cardiac phenotypes of Pkd1-deficient cystic mice, suggesting that similar effects may occur in human ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marciana V Sousa
- Divisions of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4304, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Andressa G Amaral
- Divisions of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4304, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Jessica A Freitas
- Divisions of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4304, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Gilson M Murata
- Divisions of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4304, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Elieser H Watanabe
- Divisions of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4304, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Bruno E Balbo
- Divisions of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4304, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Marcelo D Tavares
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato A Hortegal
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Rocon
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro E Souza
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C Irigoyen
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera M Salemi
- Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Onuchic
- Divisions of Nephrology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala 4304, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
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Ramalingam A, Mohd Fauzi N, Budin SB, Zainalabidin S. Impact of prolonged nicotine administration on myocardial function and susceptibility to ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 128:322-333. [PMID: 32991780 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of prolonged nicotine administration on myocardial susceptibility to ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in a rat model and determined whether nicotine affects mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and permeability transition in rat hearts. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 0.6 or 1.2 mg/kg nicotine for 28 days, and their hearts were isolated at end-point for assessment of myocardial susceptibility to I/R injury ex vivo. Rat heart mitochondria were also isolated from a subset of rats for analysis of mitochondrial ROS production and permeability transition. Compared to the vehicle controls, rat hearts isolated from nicotine-administered rats exhibited poorer left ventricular function that worsened over the course of I/R. Coronary flow rate was also severely impaired in the nicotine groups at baseline and this worsened after I/R. Nicotine administration significantly increased mitochondrial ROS production and permeability transition relative to the vehicle controls. Interestingly, pre-incubation of isolated mitochondria with ROS scavengers (superoxide dismutase and mitoTEMPO) significantly abolished nicotine-induced increase in mitochondria permeability transition in isolated rat heart mitochondria. Overall, our data showed that prolonged nicotine administration enhances myocardial susceptibility to I/R injury in rats and this is associated with mitochondrial ROS-driven increase in mitochondrial permeability transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ramalingam
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norsyahida Mohd Fauzi
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies (CODTIS), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Satirah Zainalabidin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre of Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Habeichi N, Mroueh A, Kaplan A, Ghali R, Al-Awassi H, Tannous C, Husari A, Jurjus A, Altara R, Booz G, El-Yazbi A, Zouein F. Sex-based differences in myocardial infarction-induced kidney damage following cigarette smoking exposure: more renal protection in premenopausal female mice. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20193229. [PMID: 32519752 PMCID: PMC7313446 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of cigarette smoking (CS) on kidney homeostasis in the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) in both males and females remains poorly elucidated. C57BL6/J mice were exposed to 2 weeks of CS prior to MI induction followed by 1 week of CS exposure in order to investigate the impact of CS on kidney damage in the presence of MI. Cardiac hemodynamic analysis revealed a significant decrease in ejection fraction (EF) in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female subjects, whereas cardiac output (CO) comparably decreased in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes. Kidney structural alterations, including glomerular retraction, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cross-sectional area, and total renal fibrosis were more pronounced in CS-exposed MI male mice when compared with the relative female group. Although renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and glomerular DNA fragmentation significantly increased to the same extent in CS-exposed MI mice of both sexes, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) significantly increased in CS-exposed MI male mice, only. Metabolically, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinamide riboside-1 (NMRK-1) substantially increased in CS-exposed MI female mice only, whereas sirtuin (SIRT)-1 and SIRT-3 substantially decreased in CS-exposed MI male mice compared with their relative female group. Additionally, renal NAD levels significantly decreased only in CS-exposed MI male mice. In conclusion, MI female mice exhibited pronounced renal protection following CS when compared with the relative male groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada J. Habeichi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSERM Department of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology-UMR-S1180, University Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ali Mroueh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdullah Kaplan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Ghali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiam Al-Awassi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cynthia Tannous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmad Husari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Diseases and Sleep Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - George W. Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - Ahmed El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
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Nicotine instigates podocyte injury via NLRP3 inflammasomes activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12810-12821. [PMID: 31835256 PMCID: PMC6949070 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background/Aims: Recent studies have shown that nicotine induces podocyte damage. However, it remains unknown how nicotine induces podocyte injury. The present study tested whether nicotine induces NLRP3 inflammasomes activation and thereby contributes to podocyte injury. Results: Nicotine treatment significantly increased the colocalization of NLRP3 with Asc, caspase-1 activity, IL-β production, cell permeability in podocytes compared to control cells. Pretreatment with caspase-1 inhibitor, WEHD significantly abolished the nicotine-induced colocalization of NLRP3 with Asc, caspase-1 activity, IL-1β production and cell permeability in podocytes. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that nicotine treatment significantly decreased the podocin and nephrin expression compared to control cells. However, prior treatment with WEHD attenuated the nicotine-induced podocin and nephrin reduction. In addition, we found that nicotine treatment significantly increased the O2.- production compared to control cells. However, prior treatment with WEHD did not alter the nicotine-induced O2.- production. Furthermore, prior treatment with ROS scavenger, NAC significantly attenuated the nicotine-induced caspase-1 activity, IL-1β production, podocin and nephrin reduction in podocytes. Conclusions: Nicotine-induced the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in podocytes and thereby results in podocyte injury. Methods: Inflammasome formation and immunofluorescence expressions were quantified by confocal microscopy. Caspase-1 activity, IL-1β production and O2.- production were measured by ELISA and ESR.
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Ramalingam A, Santhanathas T, Shaukat Ali S, Zainalabidin S. Resveratrol Supplementation Protects Against Nicotine-Induced Kidney Injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224445. [PMID: 31726798 PMCID: PMC6888267 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to nicotine accelerates onset and progression of renal diseases in habitual cigarette smokers. Exposure to nicotine, either via active or passive smoking is strongly shown to enhance renal oxidative stress and augment kidney failure in various animal models. In this study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol supplementation on nicotine-induced kidney injury and oxidative stress in a rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given nicotine (0.6 mg/kg, i.p.) alone or in combination with either resveratrol (8 mg/kg, i.p.), or angiotensin II type I receptor blocker, irbesartan (10 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days. Upon completion of treatment, kidneys were investigated for changes in structure, kidney injury markers and oxidative stress. Administration of nicotine alone for 28 days resulted in significant renal impairment as shown by marked increase in plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and oxidative stress. Co-administration with resveratrol however successfully attenuated these changes, with a concomitant increase in renal antioxidants such as glutathione similar to the conventionally used angiotensin II receptor blocker, irbesartan. These data altogether suggest that targeting renal oxidative stress with resveratrol could alleviate nicotine-induced renal injury. Antioxidants may be clinically important for management of renal function in habitual smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ramalingam
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.R.); (T.S.); (S.S.A.)
| | - Thulasiprevinnah Santhanathas
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.R.); (T.S.); (S.S.A.)
- Institut Latihan Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia
| | - Shafreena Shaukat Ali
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.R.); (T.S.); (S.S.A.)
| | - Satirah Zainalabidin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (A.R.); (T.S.); (S.S.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9289-7684
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15
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Ates M, Hosgorler F, Yuksel O, Unsal SK, Guvendi G, Karakilic A, Koc B, Kandis S, Kanit L, Uysal N. Nicotine increased VEGF and MMP2 levels in the rat eye and kidney. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33517-33523. [PMID: 31578682 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cigarette smoking affects many tissues negatively. Nicotine in tobacco has negative effects on tissues, kidneys, and eyes especially, where microcirculation is vitally important for the survival and functioning. It is known that appropriate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and (matrix metalloproteinase 2) MMP2 levels are required for suitable vascularity and enough microcirculation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nicotine on VEGF and MMP2 levels in kidney and eyes, where microcirculation is very important for their function. The nicotine was given into drinking water, to male and female rats for 6 weeks. During the first 2 weeks, the nicotine concentration was 10 mg/L, then was given at a fixed dose of 20 mg/L until the end of the experiment. The VEGF and MMP2 levels were increased in kidney tissue of both genders as a result of given nicotine. MMP2 levels were also increased in the eye tissue for both genders similarly. However, VEGF levels increased in the eye tissue with nicotine in males, whereas it did not change in females. The use of nicotine made VEGF and MMP2 levels increase in kidney tissue in both genders of rats. This increase in VEGF was observed only in male eye tissue, not in females. According to our findings, it can be suggested that nicotine has negative effects on microvascular circulation by increasing VEGF and MMP2 levels. In addition, it should be pointed out that estrogen might have protective effects on female eye tissue. Further studies are necessary to understand the complex relationship between the role of nicotine and estrogen on eye and kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ates
- College of Vocational School of Health Services, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ferda Hosgorler
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oguz Yuksel
- Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Guven Guvendi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Asli Karakilic
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Basar Koc
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevim Kandis
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Lutfiye Kanit
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nazan Uysal
- College of Vocational School of Health Services, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
- Medical Faculty, Physiology Department, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, Turkey.
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16
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Jiang S, Quan DV, Sung JH, Lee MY, Ha H. Cigarette smoke inhalation aggravates diabetic kidney injury in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:964-971. [PMID: 32704346 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00201d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoke or nicotine is a risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney injury. The present study analyzed the kidney toxicity of cigarette smoke in experimental rats with DKD. Experimental diabetes was induced in 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg kg-1). Four weeks after the induction of diabetes, rats were exposed to cigarette smoke (200 μg L-1), 4 h daily, and 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Cigarette smoke did not affect the levels of plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or non-esterified fatty acids in both control and diabetic rats under the experimental conditions. Cigarette smoke, however, significantly increased diabetes-induced glomerular hypertrophy and urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) excretion, suggesting exacerbation of diabetic kidney injury. Cigarette smoke promoted macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in the diabetic kidney. As expected, cigarette smoke increased oxidative stress in both control and diabetic rats. These data demonstrated that four weeks of exposure to cigarette smoke aggravated the progression of DKD in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songling Jiang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy , Ewha Womans University , Seoul , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-2-3277-4075
| | - Do Van Quan
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University , Goyang , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-31-961-5222
| | - Jae Hyuck Sung
- Bio Technology Division , Korea Conformity Laboratories , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Lee
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University , Goyang , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-31-961-5222
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy , Ewha Womans University , Seoul , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-2-3277-4075
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17
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Li G, Chan YL, Nguyen LT, Mak C, Zaky A, Anwer AG, Shi Y, Nguyen T, Pollock CA, Oliver BG, Saad S, Chen H. Impact of maternal e‐cigarette vapor exposure on renal health in the offspring. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1452:65-77. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Li
- Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Yik L. Chan
- Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular BiologyWoolcock Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Long T. Nguyen
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore HospitalThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Crystal Mak
- Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Amgad Zaky
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore HospitalThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Ayad G. Anwer
- Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Ying Shi
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore HospitalThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Tara Nguyen
- Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Carol A. Pollock
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore HospitalThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Brian G. Oliver
- Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular BiologyWoolcock Institute of Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore HospitalThe University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- Faculty of Science, School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
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18
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Malińska D, Więckowski MR, Michalska B, Drabik K, Prill M, Patalas-Krawczyk P, Walczak J, Szymański J, Mathis C, Van der Toorn M, Luettich K, Hoeng J, Peitsch MC, Duszyński J, Szczepanowska J. Mitochondria as a possible target for nicotine action. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2019; 51:259-276. [PMID: 31197632 PMCID: PMC6679833 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-019-09800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional and dynamic organelles deeply integrated into cellular physiology and metabolism. Disturbances in mitochondrial function are involved in several disorders such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and also in the aging process. Nicotine is a natural alkaloid present in the tobacco plant which has been well studied as a constituent of cigarette smoke. It has also been reported to influence mitochondrial function both in vitro and in vivo. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the present knowledge of nicotine action on mitochondrial function. Observed effects of nicotine exposure on the mitochondrial respiratory chain, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and mitophagy are discussed, considering the context of the experimental design. The potential action of nicotine on cellular adaptation and cell survival is also examined through its interaction with mitochondria. Although a large number of studies have demonstrated the impact of nicotine on various mitochondrial activities, elucidating its mechanism of action requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Malińska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz R Więckowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bernadeta Michalska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Drabik
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Prill
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Patalas-Krawczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walczak
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Szymański
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carole Mathis
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A. (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Marco Van der Toorn
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A. (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Karsta Luettich
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A. (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A. (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A. (part of Philip Morris International group of companies), Quai Jeanrenaud 5, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Jerzy Duszyński
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Szczepanowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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19
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Chang YW, Singh KP. Nicotine-induced oxidative stress contributes to EMT and stemness during neoplastic transformation through epigenetic modifications in human kidney epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 374:65-76. [PMID: 31047982 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine is a component of cigarette smoke and mounting evidence suggests toxicity and carcinogenicity of tobacco smoke in kidney. Carcinogenicity of nicotine itself in kidney and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well-understood. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the carcinogenic effects of chronic nicotine exposure in Hk-2 human kidney epithelial cells. The effects of nicotine exposure on the expression of genes for cellular reprogramming, redox status, and growth signaling pathways were also evaluated to understand the molecular mechanisms. Results revealed that chronic exposure to nicotine induced growth and neoplastic transformation in HK-2 cells. Increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), acquired stem cell-like sphere formation, and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) changes were observed in nicotine exposed cells. Treatment with antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) resulted in abrogation of EMT and stemness in HK-2 cells, indicating the role of nicotine-induced ROS in these morphological changes. The result also suggests that ROS controls the stemness through regulation of AKT pathway during early stages of carcinogenesis. Additionally, the expression of epigenetic regulatory genes was altered in nicotine-exposed cells and the changes were reversed by NAC. The epigenetic therapeutics 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and Trichostatin A also abrogated the stemness. This suggests the nicotine-induced oxidative stress caused epigenetic alterations contributing to stemness during neoplastic transformation. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the ROS-mediated epigenetic modifications as the underlying mechanism for carcinogenicity of nicotine in human kidney epithelial cells. This study further suggests the potential of epigenetic therapeutics for pharmacological intervention in nicotine-induced kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Chang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health (TIEHH), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kamaleshwar P Singh
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health (TIEHH), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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20
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Arany I, Fülöp T, Dixit M. Chronic Nicotine Exposure Reduces Antioxidant Function of Simvastatin in Renal Proximal Tubule Cells. In Vivo 2018; 32:1033-1037. [PMID: 30150424 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM We have previously reported that simvastatin exhibits antioxidant properties via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/cAMP-response element binding (CREB) protein-dependent induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) and chronic nicotine exposure inhibits ERK/CREB signaling in renal proximal tubule cells (through p66shc). Herein, whether nicotine dampens simvastatin-dependent HO1 induction was determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Renal proximal tubule (NRK52E) cells were pre-treated with 200 μM nicotine for 24 h followed by 10 μM simvastatin. Promoter activity of HO1 and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and activation of CREB and ERK (via ELK1) were determined in luciferase reporter assays. CREB and p66shc were modulated via genetic means. RESULTS Nicotine suppressed simvastatin-dependent activation of HO1 and MnSOD promoters and activity of CREB and ELK1 via p66shc. Overexpression of CREB or knockdown of p66shc restored simvastatin-dependent induction of HO1 and MnSOD in the presence of nicotine. CONCLUSION Antioxidant efficiency of simvastatin might be significantly lessened in smokers/E-cigarette users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Arany
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A.
| | - Tibor Fülöp
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A.,Medical Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Mehul Dixit
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
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21
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Li G, Saad S, Oliver BG, Chen H. Heat or Burn? Impacts of Intrauterine Tobacco Smoke and E-Cigarette Vapor Exposure on the Offspring's Health Outcome. TOXICS 2018; 6:E43. [PMID: 30071638 PMCID: PMC6160993 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy leads to gestational complications and organ disorders in the offspring. As nicotine replacement therapy is often ineffective for smoking cessation, pregnant women turn to alternatives such as heat-not-burn tobacco and e-cigarettes. Recently, the popularly of e-cigarettes has been increasing especially among the youth and pregnant women, mainly due to the advertisements claiming their safety. This has even led to some clinicians recommending their use during pregnancy. E-cigarettes heat e-liquid to produce an aerosol (e-vapor), delivering flavorings and nicotine to the user. However, e-vapor also contains toxins such as formaldehyde along with heavy metals and carcinogenic nitrosamines. In addition, specific flavoring compounds such as diacetyl can be toxic themselves or decompose into toxic compounds such as benzaldehydes. These compounds can induce toxicity, inflammation and oxidative stress in the mothers and can accumulate in the developing fetus, affecting intrauterine development. Recent animal studies suggest that maternal e-vapor exposure during pregnancy could cause respiratory and neurological disorders in the offspring. This review will examine the available literature to shed light on the current understanding of this problem-to-be from lessons learned in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Li
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Sonia Saad
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
- Renal Group, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia.
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Sukjamnong S, Chan YL, Zakarya R, Nguyen LT, Anwer AG, Zaky AA, Santiyanont R, Oliver BG, Goldys E, Pollock CA, Chen H, Saad S. MitoQ supplementation prevent long-term impact of maternal smoking on renal development, oxidative stress and mitochondrial density in male mice offspring. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6631. [PMID: 29700332 PMCID: PMC5919980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of maternal MitoQ treatment on renal disorders caused by maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE). We have demonstrated that maternal SE during pregnancy increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult offspring. Mitochondrial oxidative damage contributes to the adverse effects of maternal smoking on renal disorders. MitoQ is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that has been shown to protect against oxidative damage-related pathologies in many diseases. Female Balb/c mice (8 weeks) were divided into Sham (exposed to air), SE (exposed to cigarette smoke) and SEMQ (exposed to cigarette smoke with MitoQ supplemented from mating) groups. Kidneys from the mothers were collected when the pups weaned and those from the offspring were collected at 13 weeks. Maternal MitoQ supplementation during gestation and lactation significantly reversed the adverse impact of maternal SE on offspring’s body weight, kidney mass and renal pathology. MitoQ administration also significantly reversed the impact of SE on the renal cellular mitochondrial density and renal total reactive oxygen species in both the mothers and their offspring in adulthood. Our results suggested that MitoQ supplementation can mitigate the adverse impact of maternal SE on offspring’s renal pathology, renal oxidative stress and mitochondrial density in mice offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suporn Sukjamnong
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yik Lung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Razia Zakarya
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Long The Nguyen
- Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Ayad G Anwer
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, NSW, Australia
| | - Amgad A Zaky
- Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Rachana Santiyanont
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2037, Australia
| | - Ewa Goldys
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2109, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol A Pollock
- Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia. .,Renal group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia.
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Coelho FO, Jorge LB, de Bragança Viciana AC, Sanches TR, Dos Santos F, Helou CMB, Irigoyen MC, Kuro-O M, Andrade L. Chronic nicotine exposure reduces klotho expression and triggers different renal and hemodynamic responses in klotho-haploinsufficient mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F992-F998. [PMID: 29363324 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00442.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The klotho gene, which encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein and a secreted protein, is expressed predominantly by the distal renal tubules and is related to calcium phosphorus metabolism, ion channel regulation, intracellular signaling pathways, and longevity. Klotho deficiency aggravates acute kidney injury and renal fibrosis. Exposure to nicotine also worsens kidney injury. Here, we investigated renal Klotho protein expression in a mouse model of chronic (28-day) nicotine exposure, in which mice received nicotine or vehicle (saccharine) in drinking water, comparing wild-type (WT) mice, klotho-haploinsufficient ( kl/+) mice, and their respective controls, in terms of the effects of that exposure. Nicotine exposure was associated with a significant decline in renal Klotho expression in WT and kl/+ mice as well as a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate in WT mice. Although plasma electrolytes were similar among the groups, fractional excretion of sodium was reduced in both nicotine-exposed groups. The nicotine-WT mice presented augmented baroreflex sensitivity to nitroprusside and augmented sympathetic cardiac modulation. However, nicotine- kl/+ mice presented higher plasma levels of urea and aldosterone together with a higher α-index (spontaneous baroreflex) and higher peripheral sympathetic modulation, as evaluated by spectral analysis. We can conclude that nicotine downregulates Klotho expression as well as that renal and autonomic responses to nicotine exposure are modified in kl/+ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Talita R Sanches
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Fernando Dos Santos
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Claudia M B Helou
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | - Makoto Kuro-O
- Molecular Medicine Department, Jichi Medical University , Tochigi , Japan
| | - Lucia Andrade
- Division of Nephrology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine , São Paulo , Brazil
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24
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Arany I, Hall S, Dixit M. Age-dependent sensitivity of the mouse kidney to chronic nicotine exposure. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:822-828. [PMID: 28665927 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundMany adolescents are exposed to nicotine via smoking, e-cigarette use, or second-hand smoke. Nicotine-induced renal oxidative stress and its long-term consequences may be higher in adolescents than in adults because of intrinsic factors in the adolescent kidney.MethodsAdolescent and adult male C57Bl/6J mice were subjected to 2 or 200 μg/ml nicotine, which closely emulates passive or active smoking, respectively, for 4 weeks. Extent of nicotine exposure (cotinine content), oxidative stress (HNE), renal function (creatinine), tubular injury (KIM-1), and pretreatment renal levels of select pro-oxidant (p66shc) and antioxidant (Nrf2/MnSOD) genes were determined. Impact of p66shc overexpression or Nrf2/MnSOD knockdown on low-/high-dose nicotine-induced oxidative stress was determined in cultured renal proximal tubule cells.ResultsDespite similar plasma/renal cotinine levels, renal HNE and KIM-1 contents were higher in adolescents compared with those in adults, whereas renal function was unaltered after passive or active smoking-equivalent nicotine exposure. Pretreatment levels of p66shc were higher, whereas Nrf2/MnSOD levels were lower in the adolescent kidney. In agreement with this, overexpression of p66shc or knockdown of Nrf2/MnSOD augmented nicotine-induced ROS production in renal proximal tubule cells.ConclusionChronic nicotine exposure incites higher oxidative stress in the adolescent than in adult kidney because of a pre-existent pro-oxidant milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Arany
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Samuel Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Mehul Dixit
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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25
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Martins TL, Campos KKD, Araújo NPDS, Machado DF, Bezerra FS. Extrapulmonary effects of temporal exposure to cigarette smoke. Toxicol Ind Health 2017; 33:717-725. [PMID: 28854870 DOI: 10.1177/0748233717715187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the extrapulmonary effects of exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) through the analysis of blood components and histopathological examinations of the trachea and diaphragm muscle (DM) in C57BL/6 mice. Thirty-six animals were exposed to six cigarettes per day for 5 days. The mice were divided into a control group (CG) and groups exposed to CS for 1 (CS1D), 2 (CS2D), 3 (CS3D), 4 (CS4D), and 5 (CS5D) days. The trachea, DM, and blood were collected for morphometric and biochemical analyses. In comparison with the CG, CS4D and CS5D mice showed an increased influx of inflammatory cells into the DM and trachea. Increased glycogen deposits in the tracheal tissue of CS3D mice were observed, compared with that in CG, CS1D, and CS2D mice. In the blood serum, the number of inflammatory cells and the concentration of cholesterol increased in CS1D mice, compared with the CG. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were elevated in CS5D mice, compared with those in CS3D and CS4D mice. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were elevated in CS3D and CS5D mice, compared with those in the CG. Urea levels were significantly increased in CS5D mice, compared with CS1D mice. Our results showed extrapulmonary effects of short-term exposure to CS in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Lourenço Martins
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology (LAFEx), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Keila Karine Duarte Campos
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology (LAFEx), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Natália Pereira da Silva Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology (LAFEx), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dafne Fernandes Machado
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology (LAFEx), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frank Silva Bezerra
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology (LAFEx), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Center of Research in Biological Sciences (NUPEB), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Hall S, Dixit M, Arany I. Resveratrol Attenuates Nicotine-mediated Oxidative Injury by Inducing Manganese Superoxide Dismutase in Renal Proximal Tubule Cells. In Vivo 2017; 31:551-555. [PMID: 28652419 PMCID: PMC5566902 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Nicotine (NIC) exposure - via smoking and the increasingly popular E-cigarettes- increases oxidative stress and hence, renal risk in smokers. Resveratrol (RES) may help ameliorate this risk by mounting anti-oxidant responses in the kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS Renal proximal tubule cells (NRK52E) were treated with vehicle or 20 μM RES prior to treatment with 200 μM NIC and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as cell viability was determined. RES-induced antioxidant responses were determined in reporter luciferase assays. Gene silencing was used to determine mechanism of RES action. RESULTS RES protected NRK52E cells from NIC-induced oxidative injury. RES activated the promoter of the anti-oxidant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene via activation of the forkhead box O (FoxO3a) transcription factor. Silencing of MnSOD abolished the protective effects of RES on NIC-associated oxidative injury. CONCLUSION RES may provide protection to the kidney from the adverse effects of NIC in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - Mehul Dixit
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A
| | - Istvan Arany
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, U.S.A.
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27
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Sengupta B, Sahihi M, Dehkhodaei M, Kelly D, Arany I. Differential roles of 3-Hydroxyflavone and 7-Hydroxyflavone against nicotine-induced oxidative stress in rat renal proximal tubule cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179777. [PMID: 28640852 PMCID: PMC5480997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant flavonoids are well known as antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by exposure to external pollutants. Nicotine (NIC) is one of those agents which increases renal oxidative stress, an important factor in the pathogenesis of renal epithelial injury in smokers. Although several studies had been conducted on flavonoids and oxidative stress, the mechanism of the protective pathways are not fully understood. Here, we present studies on antioxidant properties of two mono-hydroxyflavone isomers, 3-hydroxyflanove (3HF)- and 7-hydroxyflavone (7HF), against nicotine-associated oxidative stress and injury in cultured renal proximal tubule cells and correlate their antioxidant properties with their chemical structure. Our data clearly demonstrates, for the first time, that while both 3HF and 7HF protect renal cells from NIC-associated cytotoxicity, the mechanism of their action is different: 3HF elicits protective activity via the PKA/CREB/MnSOD pathway while 7HF does so via the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations with two major signaling pathway proteins showed significant differences in the binding energies of 3HF (-5.67 and -7.39 kcal.mol-1) compared to 7HF (-5.41 and -8.55 kcal.mol-1) in the matrices of CREB and Keap1-Nrf2 proteins respectively, which corroborate with the observed differences in their protective properties in the renal cells. The implications of this novel explorative study is likely to promote the understanding of the mechanisms of the antioxidative functions of different flavones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Mehdi Sahihi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Darrian Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Istvan Arany
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
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28
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Lee PN, Fariss MW. A systematic review of possible serious adverse health effects of nicotine replacement therapy. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:1565-1594. [PMID: 27699443 PMCID: PMC5364244 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic literature review to identify and critically evaluate studies of serious adverse health effects (SAHEs) in humans using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products. Serious adverse health effects refer to adverse events, leading to substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions. Strength of evidence evaluations and conclusions were also determined for the identified SAHEs. We evaluated 34 epidemiological studies and clinical trials, relating NRT use to cancer, reproduction/development, CVD, stroke and/or other SAHEs in patients, and four meta-analyses on effects in healthy populations. The overall evidence suffers from many limitations, the most significant being the short-term exposure (≤12 weeks) and follow-up to NRT product use in most of the studies, the common failure to account for changes in smoking behaviour following NRT use, and the sparse information on SAHEs by type of NRT product used. The only SAHE from NRT exposure we identified was an increase in respiratory congenital abnormalities reported in one study. Limited evidence indicated a lack of effect between NRT exposure and SAHEs for CVD and various reproduction/developmental endpoints. For cancer, stroke and other SAHEs, the evidence was inadequate to demonstrate any association with NRT use. Our conclusions agree with recent statements from authoritative bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter N. Lee
- P N Lee Statistics and Computing Ltd, 17 Cedar Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5DA UK
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Van Laecke S, Nagler EV, Peeters P, Verbeke F, Van Biesen W. Former smoking and early and long-term graft outcome in renal transplant recipients: a retrospective cohort study. Transpl Int 2017; 30:187-195. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wim Van Biesen
- Renal Division; Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
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Wang W, Wang T, Feng X, Sun L. Incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury after esophageal cancer surgery: A nested case-control study. Int J Surg 2017; 39:11-15. [PMID: 28104467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been increasingly recognized as a common and serious postoperative complication. Although many studies have been conducted to investigate postoperative AKI after thoracic surgery, little is known about AKI after esophageal surgery. Thus, we conducted this study to determine the incidence and identify risk factors of postoperative AKI after esophageal cancer surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective nested case-control study of patients undergoing elective esophageal cancer surgery between July 2013 and July 2016 in a single tertiary specialized cancer hospital was performed. The primary outcome was development of AKI. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for AKI. RESULTS Of 2094 patients, 51 (2.4%) developed postoperative AKI after esophageal cancer surgery. In multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, four risk factors for AKI after esophageal surgery for cancer were identified: preoperative serum creatinine level (OR 1.040; 95% CI 1.012-1.069), duration of surgery (OR 1.009; 95% CI 1.005-1.014), smoking history (OR 3.029; 95% CI 1.092-8.399) and hypertension (OR 6.422; 95% CI 2.736-15.070). CONCLUSION Postoperative AKI occurred in 2.4% of patients after esophageal surgery for cancer. Preoperative serum creatinine level, duration of surgery, smoking history and hypertension were independent risk factors for postoperative AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute for Hospital Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Lan X, Lederman R, Eng JM, Shoshtari SSM, Saleem MA, Malhotra A, Singhal PC. Nicotine Induces Podocyte Apoptosis through Increasing Oxidative Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167071. [PMID: 27907022 PMCID: PMC5132002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoking plays an important role in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nicotine, one of the major components of cigarette smoking, has been demonstrated to increase proliferation of renal mesangial cells. In this study, we examined the effect of nicotine on podocyte injury. Methods To determine the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR subunits) in podocytes, cDNAs and cell lysate of cultured human podocytes were used for the expression of nAChR mRNAs and proteins, respectively; and mouse renal cortical sections were subjected to immunofluorescant staining. We also studied the effect of nicotine on podocyte nephrin expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (via DCFDA loading followed by fluorometric analysis), proliferation, and apoptosis (morphologic assays). We evaluated the effect of nicotine on podocyte downstream signaling including phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 and established causal relationships by using respective inhibitors. We used nAChR antagonists to confirm the role of nicotine on podocyte injury. Results Human podocytes displayed robust mRNA and protein expression of nAChR in vitro studies. In vivo studies, mice renal cortical sections revealed co-localization of nAChRs along with synaptopodin. In vitro studies, nephrin expression in podocyte was decreased by nicotine. Nicotine stimulated podocyte ROS generation; nonetheless, antioxidants such as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and TEMPOL (superoxide dismutase mimetic agent) inhibited this effect of nicotine. Nicotine did not modulate proliferation but promoted apoptosis in podocytes. Nicotine enhanced podocyte phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, and their specific inhibitors attenuated nicotine-induced apoptosis. nAChR antagonists significantly suppressed the effects of nicotine on podocyte. Conclusions Nicotine induces podocyte apoptosis through ROS generation and associated downstream MAPKs signaling. The present study provides insight into molecular mechanisms involved in smoking associated progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Lan
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore LIJ Medical School, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (XL); (PS)
| | - Rivka Lederman
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore LIJ Medical School, New York, United States of America
| | - Judith M. Eng
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore LIJ Medical School, New York, United States of America
| | - Seyedeh Shadafarin Marashi Shoshtari
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore LIJ Medical School, New York, United States of America
| | - Moin A. Saleem
- Academic Renal Unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ashwani Malhotra
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore LIJ Medical School, New York, United States of America
| | - Pravin C. Singhal
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore LIJ Medical School, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (XL); (PS)
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Coenzyme Q10 protects renal proximal tubule cells against nicotine-induced apoptosis through induction of p66shc-dependent antioxidant responses. Apoptosis 2016; 22:220-228. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Haussmann HJ, Fariss MW. Comprehensive review of epidemiological and animal studies on the potential carcinogenic effects of nicotine per se. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 46:701-34. [PMID: 27278157 PMCID: PMC5020336 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2016.1182116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effects of long-term use of nicotine per se on cancer risk, in the absence of tobacco extract or smoke, are not clearly understood. This review evaluates the strength of published scientific evidence, in both epidemiological and animal studies, for the potential carcinogenic effects of nicotine per se; that is to act as a complete carcinogen or as a modulator of carcinogenesis. For human studies, there appears to be inadequate evidence for an association between nicotine exposure and the presence of or lack of a carcinogenic effect due to the limited information available. In animal studies, limited evidence suggests an association between long-term nicotine exposure and a lack of a complete carcinogenic effect. Conclusive studies using current bioassay guidelines, however, are missing. In studies using chemical/physical carcinogens or transgenic models, there appears to be inadequate evidence for an association between nicotine exposure and the presence of or lack of a modulating (stimulating) effect on carcinogenesis. This is primarily due to the large number of conflicting studies. In contrast, a majority of studies provides sufficient evidence for an association between nicotine exposure and enhanced carcinogenesis of cancer cells inoculated in mice. This modulating effect was especially prominent in immunocompromized mice. Overall, taking the human and animal studies into consideration, there appears to be inadequate evidence to conclude that nicotine per se does or does not cause or modulate carcinogenesis in humans. This conclusion is in agreement with the recent US Surgeon General's 2014 report on the health consequences of nicotine exposure.
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Arany I, Hall S, Reed DK, Dixit M. The pro-oxidant gene p66shc increases nicotine exposure-induced lipotoxic oxidative stress in renal proximal tubule cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2771-7. [PMID: 27486058 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine (NIC) exposure augments free fatty acid (FFA) deposition and oxidative stress, with a concomitant increase in the expression of the pro-oxidant p66shc. In addition, a decrease in the antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) has been observed in the kidneys of mice fed a high‑fat diet. The present study aimed to determine whether the pro‑oxidant p66shc mediates NIC‑dependent increases in renal oxidative stress by augmenting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressing the FFA‑induced antioxidant response in cultured NRK52E renal proximal tubule cells. Briefly, NRK52E renal proximal tubule cells were treated with 200 µM NIC, 100 µM oleic acid (OA), or a combination of NIC and OA. The expression levels of p66shc and MnSOD were modulated according to genetic methods. ROS production and cell injury, in the form of lactate dehydrogenase release, were subsequently detected. Promoter activity of p66shc and MnSOD, as well as forkhead box (FOXO)‑dependent transcription, was investigated using reporter luciferase assays. The results demonstrated that NIC exacerbated OA‑mediated intracellular ROS production and cell injury through the transcriptional activation of p66shc. NIC also suppressed OA‑mediated induction of the antioxidant MnSOD promoter activity through p66shc‑dependent inactivation of FOXO activity. Overexpression of p66shc and knockdown of MnSOD had the same effect as treatment with NIC on OA‑mediated lipotoxicity. These data may be used to generate a therapeutic means to ameliorate renal lipotoxicity in obese smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Arany
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Samuel Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Dustin K Reed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Mehul Dixit
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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Golli NE, Jrad-Lamine A, Neffati H, Dkhili H, Rahali D, Dallagi Y, El May MV, El Fazaa S. Impact of e-cigarette refill liquid exposure on rat kidney. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 77:109-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
This review provides an overview of the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and a summary of the most commonly associated risk factors. A literature review was performed with a focus on recent studies with a high level of evidence (large prospective cohort studies and meta-analyses). The incidence rate of RCC varies globally, with the rate rising rapidly in more developed regions, demonstrating the effects of increased use of diagnostic imaging and prevalence of modifiable risk factors. Based on the current evidence, cigarette smoking, obesity, and hypertension are the most well-established risk factors for sporadic RCC worldwide. Acquired cystic kidney disease is also a significant risk factor, specifically in dialysis patients. There is increasing evidence for an inverse association between RCC risk and moderate alcohol consumption. Certain analgesics and occupational exposure have been linked to an increased risk of RCC, although data are limited. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables may provide a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Kabaria
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Martha K Terris
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Fu Q, Colgan SP, Shelley CS. Hypoxia: The Force that Drives Chronic Kidney Disease. Clin Med Res 2016; 14:15-39. [PMID: 26847481 PMCID: PMC4851450 DOI: 10.3121/cmr.2015.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the United States the prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) reached epidemic proportions in 2012 with over 600,000 patients being treated. The rates of ESRD among the elderly are disproportionally high. Consequently, as life expectancy increases and the baby-boom generation reaches retirement age, the already heavy burden imposed by ESRD on the US health care system is set to increase dramatically. ESRD represents the terminal stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A large body of evidence indicating that CKD is driven by renal tissue hypoxia has led to the development of therapeutic strategies that increase kidney oxygenation and the contention that chronic hypoxia is the final common pathway to end-stage renal failure. Numerous studies have demonstrated that one of the most potent means by which hypoxic conditions within the kidney produce CKD is by inducing a sustained inflammatory attack by infiltrating leukocytes. Indispensable to this attack is the acquisition by leukocytes of an adhesive phenotype. It was thought that this process resulted exclusively from leukocytes responding to cytokines released from ischemic renal endothelium. However, recently it has been demonstrated that leukocytes also become activated independent of the hypoxic response of endothelial cells. It was found that this endothelium-independent mechanism involves leukocytes directly sensing hypoxia and responding by transcriptional induction of the genes that encode the β2-integrin family of adhesion molecules. This induction likely maintains the long-term inflammation by which hypoxia drives the pathogenesis of CKD. Consequently, targeting these transcriptional mechanisms would appear to represent a promising new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Fu
- Kabara Cancer Research Institute, La Crosse, WI
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Carl Simon Shelley
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
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Arany I, Hall S, Reed DK, Reed CT, Dixit M. Nicotine Enhances High-Fat Diet-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Kidney. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18:1628-34. [PMID: 26896163 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Life expectancy of an obese smoker is 13 years less than a normal weight smoker, which could be linked to the increased renal risk imposed by smoking. Both smoking-through nicotine (NIC)-and obesity-by free fatty acid overload-provoke oxidative stress in the kidney, which ultimately results in development of chronic kidney injury. Their combined renal risk, however, is virtually unknown. We tested the hypothesis that chronic NIC exposure worsens renal oxidative stress in mice on high-fat diet (HFD) by altering the balance between expression of pro-oxidant and antioxidant genes. METHODS Nine-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice consumed normal diet (ND) or HFD and received either NIC (200 μg/ml) or vehicle (2% saccharine) in their drinking water. Body weight, plasma clinical parameters, renal lipid deposition, markers of renal oxidative stress and injury, as well as renal expression of the pro-oxidant p66shc and the antioxidant MnSOD were determined after 12 weeks. RESULTS NIC significantly augmented levels of circulating free fatty acid, as well as lipid deposition, oxidative stress and sublethal injury in the kidneys of mice on HFD. In addition, NIC exposure suppressed HFD-mediated induction of MnSOD while increased expression of p66shc in the kidney. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco smoking or the increasingly popular E-cigarettes-via NIC exposure-could worsen obesity-associated lipotoxicity in the kidney. Hence, our findings could help to develop strategies that mitigate adverse effects of NIC on the obese kidney. IMPLICATIONS Life expectancy of an obese smoker is 13 years less than a normal weight smoker, which could be linked to the increased renal risk imposed by smoking. NIC-the main component of tobacco smoke, E-cigarettes and replacement therapies-links smoking to renal injury via oxidative stress, which could superimpose renal oxidative stress caused by obesity. Our results substantiate this scenario using a mouse model of diet induced obesity and NIC exposure and imply the augmented long-term renal risk in obese smokers. Also, our study may help to develop strategies that mitigate adverse effects of NIC on the obese kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Arany
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS;
| | - Samuel Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Dustin K Reed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Caitlyn T Reed
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Mehul Dixit
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
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Li C, Sun H, Arrick DM, Mayhan WG. Chronic nicotine exposure exacerbates transient focal cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 120:328-33. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00663.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is a risk factor contributing to the development and progression of ischemic stroke. Among many chemicals in tobacco, nicotine may be a key contributor. We hypothesized that nicotine alters the balance between oxidant and antioxidant networks leading to an increase in brain injury following transient focal cerebral ischemia. Male Sprague-Dawley were treated with nicotine (2 or 4 mg·kg−1·day−1) for 4 wk via an implanted subcutaneous osmotic minipump and subjected to a 2-h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Infarct size and neurological deficits were evaluated at 24 h of reperfusion. Superoxide levels were determined by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Expression of oxidant and antioxidant proteins was measured using Western blot analysis. We found that chronic nicotine exposure significantly increased infarct size and worsened neurological deficits. In addition, nicotine significantly elevated superoxide levels of cerebral cortex under basal conditions. Transient focal cerebral ischemia produced an increase in superoxide levels of cerebral cortex in control group, but no further increase was found in the nicotine group. Furthermore, chronic nicotine exposure did not alter protein expression of NADPH oxidase but significantly decreased MnSOD and uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2) in the cerebral cortex and cerebral arteries. Our findings suggest that nicotine-induced exacerbation in brain damage following transient focal cerebral ischemia may be related to a preexisting oxidative stress via decreasing of MnSOD and UCP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Denise M. Arrick
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - William G. Mayhan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
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Yang J, Yu HM, Zhou XD, Huang HP, Han Z, Kolosov VP, Perelman JM. Cigarette smoke induces mucin hypersecretion and inflammatory response through the p66shc adaptor protein-mediated mechanism in human bronchial epithelial cells. Mol Immunol 2016; 69:86-98. [PMID: 26608927 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The p66Shc adaptor protein is a newly recognized mediator of mitochondrial dysfunction and might play a role in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced airway epithelial cell injury. CS can induce an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which can cause mitochondrial depolarization and injury through the oxidative stress-mediated Serine36 phosphorylation of p66Shc. The excessive production of ROS can trigger an inflammatory response and mucin hypersecretion by enhancing the transcriptional activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mucin genes. Therefore, we speculate that p66Shc plays an essential role in airway epithelial cell injury and the process of mucin generation in CS-induced chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Our present study focuses on the role of p66Shc in ROS generation, and on the resulting mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response and mucus hypersecretion in CS-stimulated human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE). We found that CS disturbed the mitochondrial function by increasing the level of phosphorylated p66Shc in these cells and that the effects were significantly reduced by silencing p66Shc. Conversely, the ectopic overexpression of wild-type p66Shc enhanced these effects. We also found that high levels of ROS inhibited FOXO3a transcriptional activity, which led to NF-κB activation. Subsequently, activated NF-κB promoted pro-inflammatory cytokine production and mucin hypersecretion. Thus, manipulating p66Shc might offer a new therapeutic modality with which to treat chronic inflammatory airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - H M Yu
- Division of Geriatrics Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - X D Zhou
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - H P Huang
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zh Han
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - V P Kolosov
- Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation
| | - J M Perelman
- Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russian Federation
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Tervo L, Mäkelä S, Syrjänen J, Huttunen R, Rimpelä A, Huhtala H, Vapalahti O, Vaheri A, Mustonen J. Smoking is associated with aggravated kidney injury in Puumala hantavirus-induced haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015; 30:1693-8. [PMID: 26150428 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies indicate that smoking affects the outcome of some infections and is a risk factor for Puumala virus (PUUV) infection. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of smoking on the clinical severity of PUUV infection and the prevalence of smoking in patients with PUUV infection. METHODS A questionnaire on smoking habits was sent to 494 patients in 2012, who had been treated in Tampere University Hospital, Finland, for serologically confirmed PUUV infection during years 1982-2012. RESULTS Of all patients, 357 (72%) participated. Maximum plasma creatinine level measured during acute illness was significantly higher in current smokers than in non-smokers (median: 273 versus 184 µmol/L, P < 0.001). Current smokers had a higher maximum blood leucocyte count than non-smokers (median: 10.8 versus 8.9 × 10(9)/L, P < 0.001) and they were younger than non-smokers (38 versus 45 years, P < 0.001). There were no differences between current smokers and non-smokers in the other variables reflecting the severity of PUUV infection. Altogether 51% were current smokers at the time of onset of the illness, 57% of males and 36% of females. During these years in Finland, smoking among males in the same aged population has decreased from 33 to 22% and among females, smoking has varied between 14 and 20%. CONCLUSIONS Smoking is common in patients with PUUV infection. Current smokers suffer from more severe acute kidney injury (AKI) and they have higher leucocyte count than non-smokers in PUUV infection. Smoking cessation decreases the risk of severe AKI to the same level as observed in never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tervo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Mäkelä
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaana Syrjänen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Reetta Huttunen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Rimpelä
- Tampere School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Tampere School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Virology and Immunology, HUSLAB, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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α-Tocopherol protects renal cells from nicotine- or oleic acid-provoked oxidative stress via inducing heme oxygenase-1. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 71:1-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Yan YH, C-K Chou C, Wang JS, Tung CL, Li YR, Lo K, Cheng TJ. Subchronic effects of inhaled ambient particulate matter on glucose homeostasis and target organ damage in a type 1 diabetic rat model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 281:211-20. [PMID: 25454026 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported associations between particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular effects, and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients might be susceptible to these effects. The chief chronic injuries resulting from DM are small vascular injuries (micro-vascular complications) or large blood vessel injuries (macro-vascular complications). However, toxicological data regarding the effects of PM on DM-related cardiovascular complications is limited. Our objective was to investigate whether subchronic PM exposure alters glucose homeostasis and causes cardiovascular complications in a type 1 DM rat model. We constructed a real world PM2.5 exposure system, the Taipei Air Pollution Exposure System for Health Effects (TAPES), to continuously deliver non-concentrated PM for subchronic exposure. A type 1 DM rat model was induced using streptozotocin. Between December 22, 2009 and April 9, 2010, DM rats were exposed to PM or to filtered air (FA) using TAPES in Taipei, Taiwan, 24h/day, 7days/week, for a total of 16weeks. The average concentrations (mean [SD]) of PM2.5 in the exposure and control chambers of the TAPES were 13.30 [8.65] and 0.13 [0.05]μg/m(3), respectively. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was significantly elevated after exposure to PM compared with exposure to FA (mean [SD], 7.7% [3.1%] vs. 4.7% [1.0%], P<0.05). Interleukin 6 and fibrinogen levels were significantly increased after PM exposure. PM caused focal myocarditis, aortic medial thickness, advanced glomerulosclerosis, and accentuation of tubular damage of the kidney (tubular damage index: 1.76 [0.77] vs. 1.15 [0.36], P<0.001). PM exposure might induce the macro- and micro-vascular complications in DM through chronic hyperglycemia and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Horng Yan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Seng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Tung
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ru Li
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai Lo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Pahang H, Nikravesh MR, Jalali M, Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan A, Zargari P, Sadr Nabavi A. Fibronectin regulation by vitamin C treatment in kidneys of nicotinic mice offspring. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 16:e17056. [PMID: 25237577 PMCID: PMC4166096 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.17056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Maternal cigarette smoking causes health risks and developmental defects in the offspring. So far, many studies have been conducted to suppress the effects of nicotine. However, the effects of coadministration of vitamin C and nicotine on extracellular matrix have not gained enough attention. Objectives: This study decided to investigate the effects of vitamin C on fibronectin expression in kidneys of mice offspring, treated with nicotine. Materials and Methods: Eighteen female pregnant BALB/c mice were selected; six mice in the experimental group 1 (exp 1) received nicotine (3 mg/kg/day), six mice in the experimental group 2 (exp 2) received 3 mg/kg/day nicotine and 9 mg/kg/day vitamin C simultaneously, and six were used as the control group and received 3 mL/kg/day normal saline via intraperitoneal (IP) injection parallel to other groups, since the 6th day of gestation to the end of prenatal period. In the first days of delivery, fibronectin content of neonatal kidneys was studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay and gene expression was studied by the real-time PCR. Results: IHC results showed that fibronectin reaction significantly increased in proximal convoluted tubules of exp 1 compared with the control offspring; on the other hand, fibronectin reaction decreased in the mice offspring of exp 2. Gene expression results showed that fibronectin expression in the exp 1 offspring significantly increased compared with the control ones and fibronectin expression decreased in the mice offspring of exp 2. Conclusions: This study revealed that vitamin C could reduce the fibronectin accumulation effects of nicotine on kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Pahang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nikravesh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mohammad Reza Nikravesh, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5118002490, Fax: +98-5118002484, E-mail:
| | - Mehdi Jalali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Peyman Zargari
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
| | - Ariane Sadr Nabavi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
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Singh VP, Singh N, Jaggi AS. A review on renal toxicity profile of common abusive drugs. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 17:347-57. [PMID: 23946695 PMCID: PMC3741492 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.4.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug abuse has become a major social problem of the modern world and majority of these abusive drugs or their metabolites are excreted through the kidneys and, thus, the renal complications of these drugs are very common. Morphine, heroin, cocaine, nicotine and alcohol are the most commonly abused drugs, and their use is associated with various types of renal toxicity. The renal complications include a wide range of glomerular, interstitial and vascular diseases leading to acute or chronic renal failure. The present review discusses the renal toxicity profile and possible mechanisms of commonly abused drugs including morphine, heroin, cocaine, nicotine, caffeine and alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Parkash Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, India
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Jain G, Jaimes EA. Nicotine signaling and progression of chronic kidney disease in smokers. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1215-23. [PMID: 23892062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The deleterious health effects of cigarette smoking are far reaching, and it remains the most important modifiable risk factor for improving overall morbidity and mortality. In addition to being a risk factor for cancer, cardiovascular disease and lung disease, there is strong evidence, both from human and animal studies, demonstrating a role for cigarette smoking in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Clinical studies have shown a strong correlation between cigarette smoking and worsening CKD in patients with diabetes, hypertension, polycystic kidney disease, and post kidney transplant. Nicotine, in addition to its role in the addictive properties of cigarette smoking, has other biological effects via activation of non-neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Several nAChR subunits are expressed in the normal kidney and blockade of the α7-nAChR subunit ameliorates the effects of nicotine in animal models of CKD. Nicotine increases the severity of renal injury in animal models including acute kidney injury, diabetes, acute nephritis and subtotal nephrectomy. The renal effects of nicotine are also linked to increased generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of pro-fibrotic pathways. In humans, nicotine induces transitory increases in blood pressure accompanied by reductions in glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow. In summary, clinical and experimental evidence indicate that nicotine is at least in part responsible for the deleterious effects of cigarette smoking in the progression of CKD. The mechanisms involved are the subject of active investigation and may result in novel strategies to ameliorate the effects of cigarette smoking in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Jain
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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47
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Speeckaert MM, Delanghe JR, Vanholder RC. Chronic nicotine exposure and acute kidney injury: new concepts and experimental evidence. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28:1329-31. [PMID: 23449342 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Phan O, El Housseini Y, Burnier M, Vogt B. [Kidney and smoking: literature review and focus]. Nephrol Ther 2013; 9:67-72. [PMID: 23332505 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Smoking remains a major public health problem. It is associated with a considerable number of deaths in the world's population. Smoking is just like high blood pressure, an independent predictor of progression to any primary renal disease and renal transplant patients. It seems that smoking cessation slows the progression of kidney disease in smokers. The literature data are sometimes contradictory about it because of some methodological weaknesses. However, experimental models highlight the harmful effects of tobacco by hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic factors. The conclusion is that a major effort should be further produced by the nephrology community to motivate our patients to stop smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Phan
- Division de néphrologie et d'hypertension, département de médecine interne, université de Lausanne, centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, avenue du Bugnon 21, 1011 Lausanne, Suisse.
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Arany I, Clark J, Reed DK, Juncos LA. Chronic nicotine exposure augments renal oxidative stress and injury through transcriptional activation of p66shc. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013; 28:1417-25. [PMID: 23328708 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic nicotine (Ch-NIC) exposure exacerbates ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced oxidative stress and acute kidney injury (AKI), and mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cultured renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs). Because Ser36-phosphorylated p66shc modulates mitochondrial ROS production and injury of RPTCs, we hypothesized that Ch-NIC exacerbates AKI by increasing stress-induced phosphorylation of p66shc. METHODS We first tested whether Ch-NIC augments I/R-AKI-induced expression and phosphorylation of p66shc in vivo. We then examined whether knocking down p66shc, or impairing its Ser36 phosphorylation or binding to cytochrome c, alters the effects of Ch-NIC on oxidative stress (H₂O₂)-induced production of ROS, mitochondrial depolarization and injury in RPTCs in vitro. RESULTS We found that Ch-NIC increased the expression of p66shc in the control and ischemic kidneys, but only increased its Ser36 phosphorylation after renal I/R. Knocking down p66shc or impairing phosphorylation of its Ser36 residue, via the S36A mutation (but not the phosphomimetic S36D mutation), blunted Ch-NIC + H2O2-dependent ROS production, mitochondrial depolarization and injury in RPTCs. Additionally, Ch-NIC + H2O2-dependent binding of p66shc to mitochondrial cytochrome c was attenuated by S36A mutation of p66shc, and impairing cytochrome c binding (via W134F mutation) abolished ROS production, mitochondrial depolarization and injury, while ectopic overexpression of p66shc (which mimics Ch-NIC treatment) augmented oxidant injury. We determined that Ch-NIC stimulates the p66shc promoter through p53- and epigenetic modification (promoter hypomethylation). CONCLUSIONS Ch-NIC worsens oxidative stress-dependent acute renal injury by increasing expression and consequent oxidative stress-dependent Ser36 phosphorylation of p66shc. Thus, targeting this pathway may have therapeutic relevance in preventing/ameliorating tobacco-related kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Arany
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
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Jensen K, Nizamutdinov D, Guerrier M, Afroze S, Dostal D, Glaser S. General mechanisms of nicotine-induced fibrogenesis. FASEB J 2012; 26:4778-87. [PMID: 22906950 PMCID: PMC3509054 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-206458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking contributes to the development of cancer, and pathogenesis of other diseases. Many chemicals have been identified in cigarettes that have potent biological properties. Nicotine is especially known for its role in addiction and plays a role in other physiological effects of smoking and tobacco use. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence that, in addition to promoting cancer, nicotine also plays a pathogenic role in systems, such as the lung, kidney, heart, and liver. In many organ systems, nicotine modulates fibrosis by altering the functions of fibroblasts. Understanding the processes modulated by nicotine holds therapeutic potential and may guide future clinical and research decisions. This review discusses the role of nicotine in the general fibrogenic process that governs fibrosis and fibrosis-related diseases, focusing on the cellular mechanisms that have implications in multiple organ systems. Potential research directions for the management of nicotine-induced fibrosis, and potential clinical considerations with regard to nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT) are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damir Nizamutdinov
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA; and
| | | | | | - David Dostal
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA; and
| | - Shannon Glaser
- Division of Gastroenterology and
- Scott and White Healthcare Digestive Disease Research Center, Temple, Texas, USA
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