1
|
Khatun MM, Bhuia MS, Chowdhury R, Sheikh S, Ajmee A, Mollah F, Al Hasan MS, Coutinho HDM, Islam MT. Potential utilization of ferulic acid and its derivatives in the management of metabolic diseases and disorders: An insight into mechanisms. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111291. [PMID: 38986730 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are abnormal conditions that impair the normal metabolic process, which involves converting food into energy at a cellular level, and cause difficulties like obesity and diabetes. The study aimed to investigate how ferulic acid (FA) and its derivatives could prevent different metabolic diseases and disorders and to understand the specific molecular mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic effects. Information regarding FA associations with metabolic diseases and disorders was compiled from different scientific search engines, including Science Direct, Wiley Online, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. This review revealed that FA exerts protective effects against metabolic diseases such as diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, obesity, and diabetic hypertension, with beneficial effects on pancreatic cancer. Findings also indicated that FA improves insulin secretion by increasing Ca2+ influx through the L-type Ca2+ channel, thus aiding in diabetes management. Furthermore, FA regulates the activity of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-1β) and antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px) and reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, which are common features of metabolic diseases. FA also affects various signaling pathways, including the MAPK/NF-κB pathways, which play an important role in the progression of diabetic neuropathy and other metabolic disorders. Additionally, FA regulates apoptosis markers (Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3) and exerts its protective effects on cellular destruction. In conclusion, FA and its derivatives may act as potential medications for the management of metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mst Muslima Khatun
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salehin Sheikh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afiya Ajmee
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Faysal Mollah
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sakib Al Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE 63105-000, Brazil.
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar Roy T, Rahman M, Rahman MS, Halder N, Rashid MM. Is gender a factor in socioeconomic disparities in undiagnosed, and untreated hypertension in Bangladesh? J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2024. [PMID: 38953454 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Our objectives were to ascertain the following: (1) the prevalence and socioeconomic distribution of hypertension (HTN), undiagnosed for HTN, and untreated cases of HTN-diagnosed individuals; (2) the relationship between SES and the prevalence of HTN, undiagnosed for HTN, and untreated for HTN; and (3) whether sex moderate this association. Data from the 2017-18 Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey were used. 11,776 participants who were 18 years of age or older responded to our analysis. The age-adjusted prevalence of HTN, undiagnosed for HTN, and untreated cases was 25.1%, 57.2%, and 12.3%. Compared to females, males were less likely to have HTN but more likely to have undiagnosed HTN. People in the rich SES groups had a higher odd of (adjusted odds ratio [aoR] 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-3.45) of having HTN compared to those in the poor SES group. When compared to individuals in the poor SES group, those in the rich SES group had lower odds of undiagnosed (aoR 0.57; 95% CI 0.44-0.74) and untreated (aoR 0.56; 95% CI 0.31-0.98) for HTN. Sex moderated the association between SES and HTN prevalence, which showed that men from rich SES were more likely to suffer from HTN than men from poor SES. According to this study, the government and other pertinent stakeholders should concentrate more on developing suitable policy measures to reduce the risk of HTN, particularly for men in rich socioeconomic groups. They should also concentrate on screening and diagnosing HTN in socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, regardless of sex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Kumar Roy
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mosiur Rahman
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sohanur Rahman
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Nityananda Halder
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oshidari Y, Salehi M, Kermani M, Jonidi Jafari A. Associations between long-term exposure to air pollution, diabetes, and hypertension in metropolitan Iran: an ecologic study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2476-2490. [PMID: 37674318 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2254713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies on air pollution, diabetes, and hypertension conflict. This study examined air pollution, diabetes, and hypertension in adults in 11 metropolitan areas of Iran (2012-2016). Local environment departments and the Tehran Air Quality Control Company provided air quality data. The VIZIT website and Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance study delivered chronic disease data. Multiple logistic regression and generalized estimating equations evaluated air pollution-related diabetes and hypertension. In Isfahan, Ahvaz, and Tehran, PM2.5 was linked to diabetes. In all cities except Urmia, Yasuj, and Yazd, PM2.5 was statistically related to hypertension. O3 was connected to hypertension in Ahvaz, Tehran, and Shiraz, whereas NO2 was not. BMI and gender predict hypertension and diabetes. Diabetes, SBP, and total cholesterol were correlated. Iran's largest cities' poor air quality may promote diabetes and hypertension. PM2.5 impacts many cities' outcomes. Therefore, politicians and specialists have to control air pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Oshidari
- Research Center of Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Salehi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Kermani
- Research Center of Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jonidi Jafari
- Research Center of Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Najafi F, Mohseni P, Niknam M, Pasdar Y, Izadi N. Dietary amino acid profile and risk of hypertension: findings from the Ravansar cohort study. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:68. [PMID: 38698490 PMCID: PMC11067075 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension (HTN) is a significant global health concern associated with morbidity and mortality. Recent research has explored the potential relationship between dietary protein intake and the development of HTN. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary amino acids and the incidence of HTN. METHODS This nested case-control study utilized data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) Cohort Study. The study included 491 new HTN cases identified over a 6-year follow-up period. For each case, four controls were randomly selected through density sampling. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) consisting of 125 food items was used to calculate dietary amino acid intake. HTN was determined based on systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and/or current use of antihypertensive medication in subjects without pre-existing HTN at the start of the cohort study. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios for HTN risk. RESULTS The median intake of all amino acids was lower in patients with HTN compared to the control group. After adjusting for various variables in different models, the risk of developing HTN tended to increase with higher dietary amino acid intake (excluding tryptophan and acidic amino acids). Specifically, individuals in the third tertile had a higher risk of developing new HTN than those individuals in the lowest tertile, although this difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that there may be an association between increased dietary amino acid intake and the risk of developing HTN, although this association was not statistically significant in this study. Further investigations in diverse populations are needed to explore the relationship between amino acids and HTN, as well as to determine the potential positive and negative effects of specific amino acid patterns on hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa Mohseni
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Grash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Niknam
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Nutritional Science Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Neda Izadi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Prajapati AK, Jain S, Kumar S, Bano T, Gautam NS, Singh G, Ruchi. Prevalence of hypertension, screening, awareness, and associated risk factors in teaching institution of Etawah District, Uttar Pradesh: A cross-section study. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2037-2043. [PMID: 38948635 PMCID: PMC11213406 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1835_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, affecting over one billion people. It is responsible for roughly half of all heart disease and stroke-related deaths globally. Because hypertension does not cause any symptoms on its own, it is commonly referred to as "the silent killer." Objective This study aimed to determine (1) the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors and (2) the level of awareness of hypertension status among study participants. Material and Methods A facility-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted for 3 months during January-March 2023 at the teaching institution in Etawah District, Uttar Pradesh. It was conducted among 392 study participants who were ≥18 years old. Data were collected through a predesigned, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire, and anthropometric measurement was determined using standard guidelines. Results The overall prevalence of hypertension screening was 69.4% (male: 33.8% and female: 66.2%), respectively. The majority of hypertensives were found in female participants. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, stress and strain, and an unhealthy diet were also associated with hypertension. Among 392 study participants, only 67 (24.6%) were aware of their hypertension status. Conclusion We conclude that hypertension has been described as an "Iceberg disease" as those who suffer are usually unaware and hence usually seek healthcare services at a very late stage. Preventive measures should be needed to improve hypertension screening, awareness, treatment, and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Community Medicine, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Seema Jain
- Department of Community Medicine, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tanveer Bano
- Department of Community Medicine, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam S. Gautam
- Department of Community Medicine, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ganesh Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi
- Doctor, Ayurveda, Chaudhary Brahm Prakash Ayurved Charak Sansthan, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Binth Siraj M, Khan AA, Jahangir U, Hashimi A, Ahmad Y, Husain N. Evaluation of the efficacy of hydro-alcoholic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides L. for the treatment of primary hypertension - A randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117661. [PMID: 38159824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Evolvulus alsinoides L. (Sankhaholi) has been traditionally used in Unani (Greco-Arabic) medicine to treat diverse cardiovascular disorders. Notably, preclinical and clinical investigations have substantiated its remarkable potential as an antihypertensive agent. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides L. and ramipril in treating hypertension using a higher dose of the test drug within the recommended limit. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this open-label randomized controlled trial, 57 participants (29 in the test group, 28 in the control group) completed the 42-day study. The test group received 630 mg of dried hydro-alcoholic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides L. in capsule form orally once daily, while the control group received 5 mg of Ramipril orally once daily. Participants in both groups were advised to adhere to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan in terms of diet and lifestyle adjustments recommended by JNC-8. The primary outcome measures were changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as changes in plasma levels of hsCRP and IL6. Secondary outcome measures included changes in symptoms such as palpitations, giddiness, headaches, fatigue and shortness of breath. Headaches, palpitations, and giddiness were assessed using a customized Visual Analog Scale (VAS) graded as "none," "mild," "moderate," and "severe". Fatigue was assessed on a binary scale as either absent or present, and dyspnea was assessed using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale for breathlessness. Both primary and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline and each follow-up visit (2nd week, 4th week, and 6th week) until the completion of the trial. RESULTS At the end of the trial, the mean differences for the primary outcomes were as follows:SBP:-1.8895%CI:-4.82,1.05,p=0.203,d=0.33, DBP: -2.8395%CI:-4.67,-0.10,p=0.003,d=0.8, hsCRP: -1.4095%CI:-2.80,-0.003,p=0.49,d=0.53, and IL6: -88.6795%CI:-148.90,-28.43,p=0.005,d=0.78. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups for any of the secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Based on the preliminary results, it can be inferred that the hydro-alcoholic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides L. exhibits significant antihypertensive potential, comparable to that of ramipril. Furthermore, it appears that Evolvulus alsinoides L. may be more effective than ramipril in reducing the biochemical markers of inflammation associated with primary hypertension. However, additional research is required to validate these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mantasha Binth Siraj
- Dept. of Pathology, Hayat Unani Medical College and Research Centre, Lucknow, 226101, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Asim Ali Khan
- Dept. of Medicine (Unani), School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Umar Jahangir
- Dept. of Amraz-e-Jild wa Tazeeniyat, School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Ayshah Hashimi
- Research Associate, Central Research Unit (Unani), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India.
| | - Yasmeen Ahmad
- Dept. of Medicine (Unani), School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| | - Nazim Husain
- Research Officer, Regional Research Instiute of Unani Medicine, Silchar, Assam, 788014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ram CVS, Muruganathan A, S M, Kumar M K. Indian Clinician's Perspective on the Approach to the Management of Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e57435. [PMID: 38699103 PMCID: PMC11063652 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension (HTN) is considered one of the most frequent life-threatening noncommunicable illnesses. Because HTN has a significant public health impact on cardiovascular health status and healthcare systems in India, it is critical to study Indian clinicians' approaches to HTN management. Methodology This was a cross-sectional, multicentric, non-interventional, and single-visit study that aimed to gather data from across India and examine sociodemographic characteristics and clinician treatment choices in the management of HTN in Indian individuals. As a result, building an information platform about HTN is critical to preventing and controlling this growing burden. Results A total of 5298 patients were recruited in the study from 1061 study centers across India. Among the study patients, 66.67% were females with a mean age of 53.95 ± 14.4, and 66.28% of hypertensive patients presented comorbidities. Among the known risk factors for HTN, 2227 (44.5%) were smokers, while 2587 (51.7%) had sedentary lifestyles. A family history of HTN in either one or both parents was seen in 1076 (21.50%) patients. In management, 40.40% of patients were on anti-hypertensive monotherapy. Amlodipine (41.8%) in monotherapy and amlodipine + metoprolol (32.34%) in combination therapy were the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive. Conclusion Management of HTN can be improved by imparting patient education and awareness about the need for medication compliance, lifestyle modifications, and regular follow-up clinic visits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Venkat S Ram
- Hypertension and Blood-Pressure Management Clinic, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, IND
| | - A Muruganathan
- Department of Public Health, Shristy AG Hospital, Tirupur, IND
| | - Manjula S
- Department of Medical Services, Micro Labs Ltd, Bengaluru, IND
| | - Krishna Kumar M
- Department of Medical Services, Micro Labs Ltd, Bengaluru, IND
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gudigar A, Kadri NA, Raghavendra U, Samanth J, Maithri M, Inamdar MA, Prabhu MA, Hegde A, Salvi M, Yeong CH, Barua PD, Molinari F, Acharya UR. Automatic identification of hypertension and assessment of its secondary effects using artificial intelligence: A systematic review (2013-2023). Comput Biol Med 2024; 172:108207. [PMID: 38489986 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques are increasingly used in computer-aided diagnostic tools in medicine. These techniques can also help to identify Hypertension (HTN) in its early stage, as it is a global health issue. Automated HTN detection uses socio-demographic, clinical data, and physiological signals. Additionally, signs of secondary HTN can also be identified using various imaging modalities. This systematic review examines related work on automated HTN detection. We identify datasets, techniques, and classifiers used to develop AI models from clinical data, physiological signals, and fused data (a combination of both). Image-based models for assessing secondary HTN are also reviewed. The majority of the studies have primarily utilized single-modality approaches, such as biological signals (e.g., electrocardiography, photoplethysmography), and medical imaging (e.g., magnetic resonance angiography, ultrasound). Surprisingly, only a small portion of the studies (22 out of 122) utilized a multi-modal fusion approach combining data from different sources. Even fewer investigated integrating clinical data, physiological signals, and medical imaging to understand the intricate relationships between these factors. Future research directions are discussed that could build better healthcare systems for early HTN detection through more integrated modeling of multi-modal data sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Gudigar
- Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Nahrizul Adib Kadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - U Raghavendra
- Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
| | - Jyothi Samanth
- Department of Cardiovascular Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - M Maithri
- Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Mahesh Anil Inamdar
- Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Mukund A Prabhu
- Department of Cardiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Ajay Hegde
- Manipal Hospitals, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560102, India
| | - Massimo Salvi
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnicodi Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Chai Hong Yeong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Prabal Datta Barua
- Cogninet Brain Team, Cogninet Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; School of Business (Information Systems), Faculty of Business, Education, Law & Arts, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia; Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Filippo Molinari
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMedLab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnicodi Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - U Rajendra Acharya
- School of Mathematics, Physics, and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD, 4300, Australia; Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nishan A, M. Taslim Uddin Raju S, Hossain MI, Dipto SA, M. Tanvir Uddin S, Sijan A, Chowdhury MAS, Ahmad A, Mahamudul Hasan Khan M. A continuous cuffless blood pressure measurement from optimal PPG characteristic features using machine learning algorithms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27779. [PMID: 38533045 PMCID: PMC10963242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Hypertension is a potentially dangerous health condition that can be detected by measuring blood pressure (BP). Blood pressure monitoring and measurement are essential for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. Cuff-based devices, on the other hand, are uncomfortable and prevent continuous BP measurement. Methods In this study, a new non-invasive and cuff-less method for estimating Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) has been proposed using characteristic features of photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals and nonlinear regression algorithms. PPG signals were collected from 219 participants, which were then subjected to preprocessing and feature extraction steps. Analyzing PPG and its derivative signals, a total of 46 time, frequency, and time-frequency domain features were extracted. In addition, the age and gender of each subject were also included as features. Further, correlation-based feature selection (CFS) and Relief F feature selection (ReliefF) techniques were used to select the relevant features and reduce the possibility of over-fitting the models. Finally, support vector regression (SVR), K-nearest neighbour regression (KNR), decision tree regression (DTR), and random forest regression (RFR) were established to develop the BP estimation model. Regression models were trained and evaluated on all features as well as selected features. The best regression models for SBP, MAP, and DBP estimations were selected separately. Results The SVR model, along with the ReliefF-based feature selection algorithm, outperforms other algorithms in estimating the SBP, MAP, and DBP with the mean absolute error of 2.49, 1.62 and 1.43 mmHg, respectively. The proposed method meets the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard for BP estimations. Based on the British Hypertension Society standard, the results also fall within Grade A for SBP, MAP, and DBP. Conclusion The findings show that the method can be used to estimate blood pressure non-invasively, without using a cuff or calibration, and only by utilizing the PPG signal characteristic features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Araf Nishan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna - 9203, Bangladesh
| | - S. M. Taslim Uddin Raju
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna - 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imran Hossain
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna - 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Safin Ahmed Dipto
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna - 9203, Bangladesh
| | - S. M. Tanvir Uddin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Sijan
- Department of Software Engineering, American International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Shahid Chowdhury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna - 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna - 9203, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahamudul Hasan Khan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna - 9203, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Seenappa K, Kulothungan V, Mohan R, Mathur P. District-Wise Heterogeneity in Blood Pressure Measurements, Prehypertension, Raised Blood Pressure, and Their Determinants Among Indians: National Family Health Survey-5. Int J Public Health 2024; 69:1606766. [PMID: 38562553 PMCID: PMC10982880 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of ever-measured blood pressure, prehypertension, and raised blood pressure at national, state and district levels in India. Methods: We analysed data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), on 743,067 adults aged 18-54 years. The sample consisted of 87.6% females and 12.4% males. We estimated prevalence rates and determined adjusted odds ratios for various dependent variables related to blood pressure. Geographical variations were visualized on the map of India, and multivariate logistic regression was employed at state and district levels, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of ever-measured blood pressure varied widely, from 30.3% to 98.5% across districts, with southern and northern regions showing higher rates. Prehypertension affected 33.7% of the population, with varying prevalence across districts. Raised blood pressure was there in 15.9%, with notably higher rates in southern region (16.8%). Determinants included age, gender, education, wealth, lifestyle, obesity, and blood glucose levels. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the subnational variations in blood pressure, can guide evidence-based interventions at the state and district level, towards reducing the burden of raised blood pressure and enhancing overall population health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (ICMR-NCDIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sharma B, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Shahwan M, Hussain T, Jaiswal V, Khan MA. Computational investigation of the impact of potential AT 2R polymorphism on small molecule binding. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2231-2241. [PMID: 37116071 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2204492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
For more than a century, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been acknowledged for playing a crucial part in the physiological control of arterial pressure, as well as sodium and fluid balance. It is now generally acknowledged that one of the receptor of RAS system i.e. angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) functions as a repair system during pathophysiologic circumstances and performs a significant protective role. Efforts have been made previously to design suitable agonist and antagonist molecules to potentially modulate AT2R. One of the agonists and antagonists, named C21 and EMA401, has been studied in a number of pathological conditions. Additionally, a wide panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been reported for AT2R, which might potentially affect the efficacy of these molecules. Therefore, computational investigations have been carried out to analyze all the SNPs (1151) reported in NCBI to find potential SNPs affecting the active site of AT2R, as this domain is still unexplored. Structures of these polymorphic forms were modeled, and in silico drug interaction studies with C21 and EMA401 were carried out. The two mutants (rs868939201 and rs1042852794) that significantly affect the binding affinity as that of the wild type were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations. Our analysis of native and mutant AT2R and their complexes with C21 and EMA401 indicated that the occurrence of these mutations affects the conformation of the protein and has affected the binding of these ligand molecules. The study's findings will aid in the development of better, more versatile medications in the near future, and also in vitro and in vivo studies might be planned in accordance with recent findings.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moayad Shahwan
- Center for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Hussain
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Varun Jaiswal
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohd Azhar Khan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ooi JH, Lim R, Seng H, Tan MP, Goh CH, Lovell NH, Argha A, Beh HC, Md Sari NA, Lim E. Non-invasive parameters of autonomic function using beat-to-beat cardiovascular variations and arterial stiffness in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review. Biomed Eng Online 2024; 23:23. [PMID: 38378540 PMCID: PMC10880234 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01202-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-invasive, beat-to-beat variations in physiological indices provide an opportunity for more accessible assessment of autonomic dysfunction. The potential association between the changes in these parameters and arterial stiffness in hypertension remains poorly understood. This systematic review aims to investigate the association between non-invasive indicators of autonomic function based on beat-to-beat cardiovascular signals with arterial stiffness in individuals with hypertension. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2022. Studies that investigated non-invasive parameters of arterial stiffness and autonomic function using beat-to-beat cardiovascular signals over a period of > 5min were included. Study quality was assessed using the STROBE criteria. Two authors screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts independently. RESULTS Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. A comprehensive overview of experimental design for assessing autonomic function in terms of baroreflex sensitivity and beat-to-beat cardiovascular variabilities, as well as arterial stiffness, was presented. Alterations in non-invasive indicators of autonomic function, which included baroreflex sensitivity, beat-to-beat cardiovascular variabilities and hemodynamic changes in response to autonomic challenges, as well as arterial stiffness, were identified in individuals with hypertension. A mixed result was found in terms of the association between non-invasive quantitative autonomic indices and arterial stiffness in hypertensive individuals. Nine out of 12 studies which quantified baroreflex sensitivity revealed a significant association with arterial stiffness parameters. Three studies estimated beat-to-beat heart rate variability and only one study reported a significant relationship with arterial stiffness indices. Three out of five studies which studied beat-to-beat blood pressure variability showed a significant association with arterial structural changes. One study revealed that hemodynamic changes in response to autonomic challenges were significantly correlated with arterial stiffness parameters. CONCLUSIONS The current review demonstrated alteration in autonomic function, which encompasses both the sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function and vasomotor tone (derived from beat-to-beat cardiovascular signals) in hypertension, and a significant association between some of these parameters with arterial stiffness. By employing non-invasive measurements to monitor changes in autonomic function and arterial remodeling in individuals with hypertension, we would be able to enhance our ability to identify individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Understanding the intricate relationships among these cardiovascular variability measures and arterial stiffness could contribute toward better individualized treatment for hypertension in the future. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO ID: CRD42022336703. Date of registration: 12/06/2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hui Ooi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renly Lim
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Hansun Seng
- South West Sydney (SWS), School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Woolcock Vietnam Research Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Ageing and Age‑Associated Disorders Research Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Choon Hian Goh
- Department of Mechatronics and BioMedical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Sungai Long, Kajang, 43200, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nigel H Lovell
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering (IHealthE), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmadreza Argha
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering (IHealthE), UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hooi Chin Beh
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Ashikin Md Sari
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Einly Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brahmandam A, Alves R, Liu H, Gonzalez L, Aoyagi Y, Ohashi Y, Langford JT, Thaxton C, Taniguchi R, Zhang W, Bai H, Yatsula B, Dardik A. A central arteriovenous fistula reduces systemic hypertension in a mouse model. JVS Vasc Sci 2024; 5:100191. [PMID: 38510938 PMCID: PMC10951512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2024.100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective A central arteriovenous fistula (AVF) has been proposed as a potential novel solution to treat patients with refractory hypertension. We hypothesized that venous remodeling after AVF creation in the hypertensive environment reduces systemic blood pressure but results in increased AVF wall thickness compared with remodeling in the normotensive environment. Methods A central AVF was performed in C57BL6/J mice previously made hypertensive with angiotensin II (Ang II); mice were sacrificed on postoperative day 7 or 21. Results In mice treated with Ang II alone, the mean systolic blood pressure increased from 90 ± 5 mmHg to 160 ± 5 mmHg at day 21; however, in mice treated with both Ang II and an AVF, the blood pressure decreased with creation of an AVF. There were significantly more PCNA-positive cells, SM22α/PCNA-positive cells, collagen I deposition, and increased Krüppel-like Factor 2 immunoreactivity in hypertensive mice with an AVF compared with normotensive mice with an AVF. Conclusions These data show that a central AVF decreases systemic hypertension as well as induces local alterations in venous remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Brahmandam
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Rafael Alves
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Hao Liu
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luis Gonzalez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Yukihiko Aoyagi
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ohashi
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John T. Langford
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Carly Thaxton
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ryosuke Taniguchi
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Weichang Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Hualong Bai
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Bogdan Yatsula
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Surgical Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nucera S, Serra M, Caminiti R, Ruga S, Passacatini LC, Macrì R, Scarano F, Maiuolo J, Bulotta R, Mollace R, Bosco F, Guarnieri L, Oppedisano F, Ilari S, Muscoli C, Palma E, Mollace V. Non-essential heavy metal effects in cardiovascular diseases: an overview of systematic reviews. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1332339. [PMID: 38322770 PMCID: PMC10844381 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1332339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most important cause of premature death and disability worldwide. Environmental degradation and cardiovascular diseases are two keys to health challenges, characterized by a constant evolution in an industrialized world that exploits natural resources regardless of the consequences for health. The etiological risk factors of CVDs are widely known and include dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, and chronic cigarette consumption. However, one component that is often underestimated is exposure to heavy metals. The biological perspective explains that different metals play different roles. They are therefore classified into essential heavy metals, which are present in organisms where they perform important vital functions, especially in various physiological processes, or non-essential heavy metals, with a no biological role but, nonetheless, remain in the environment in which they are absorbed. Although both types of metal ions are many times chemically similar and can bind to the same biological ligands, the attention given today to nonessential metals in several eukaryotic species is starting to raise strong concerns due to an exponential increase in their concentrations. The aim of this systematic review was to assess possible correlations between exposure to nonessential heavy metals and increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, reporting the results of studies published in the last 5 years through March 2023. Methods The studies includes reviews retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases, in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement and following the PICO (Population Intervention Comparison Outcome Population) framework. Results Eight reviews, including a total of 153 studies, were identified. Seven of these review enlighted the association between CVDs and non-essential heavy metals chronic exposure. Discussion It is evident that exposure to heavy metals represent a risk factor for CVDs onset. However, further studies are needed to better understand the effects caused by these metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Nucera
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Serra
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Caminiti
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Macrì
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Systems Medicine, University “Tor Vergata” of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Science of Health Department, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- Science of Health Department, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sara Ilari
- Physiology and Pharmacology of Pain, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Physiology and Pharmacology of Pain, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Instituteof Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Renato Dulbecco Institute, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sabry K, Jamshidi Z, Emami SA, Sahebka A. Potential therapeutic effects of baicalin and baicalein. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2024; 14:23-49. [PMID: 38948180 PMCID: PMC11210699 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2023.22307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective Baicalin and baicalein are natural flavonoids reported for the first time from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Recently, attention has been paid to these valuable flavonoids due to their promising effects. This paper aims to have a comprehensive review of their pharmacological effects. Materials and Methods An extensive search through scientific databases including Scopus, PubMed, and ISI Web of Science was established. Results According to literature, these compounds have been mainly effective in the treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, hepatic and cardiovascular disorders, metabolic syndrome, and cancers through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibition of migration and metastasis are the main mechanisms for their cytotoxic and antitumor activities. Decreasing inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, regulating the metabolism of lipids, and decreasing fibrosis, apoptosis, and steatosis are their main hepatoprotective mechanisms. Inhibiting the development of cardiac fibrosis and reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are also the mechanisms suggested for cardioprotective activities. Decreasing the accumulation of inflammatory mediators and improving cognitive function and depressive-like behaviours are the main mechanisms for neurological and neurodegenerative activities. Conclusion The findings suggest the therapeutic potential of baicalin and baicalein. However, complementary research in different in vitro and in vivo models to investigate their mechanisms of action as well as clinical trials to evaluate their efficacy and safety are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Sabry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Jamshidi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebka
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zare MG, Okati-Aliabad H, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Mohammadi M, Shahraki-Sanavi F. Prevalence and risk factors of pre-hypertension and hypertension among adults in Southeastern Iran: Findings from the baseline survey of the Zahedan adult cohort study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295270. [PMID: 38060532 PMCID: PMC10703255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) stands as the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD) and premature death globally. Understanding its prevalence and risk factors is essential for effective prevention and management of HTN. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Pre-hypertension (pre-HTN), HTN, and its risk factors in adults participating in the Zahedan adult cohort study (ZACS). This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of the ZACS. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for potential risk factors. Among the 10,016 participants in this study, 60.89% were women, with an average age of 50.44 ± 9.18 years. The prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was 42.03% (men 45.44%, women 39.84%) and 18.47% (men 21.09%, women 16.79%), respectively. Being male, older age, having higher socioeconomic status (SES), being overweight and obese, having a family history of HTN, comorbidities such as diabetes and CVD, as well as abnormal blood lipid levels (triglycerides and HDL cholesterol) were the most significant predictors of pre-HTN and HTN. These findings highlight that more than half of the participants in this study exhibit pre-HTN or HTN, placing them at risk for CVD and stroke. Implementing comprehensive preventive strategies tailored to these identified risk factors is imperative to alleviate the disease burden, enhance disease management, and improve HTN treatment and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Gholami Zare
- Department of Epidemiology, MSc Candidate of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hassan Okati-Aliabad
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Mohammadi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Carreras-Gallo N, Dwaraka VB, Cáceres A, Smith R, Mendez TL, Went H, Gonzalez JR. Impact of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana on genome-wide DNA methylation and its relationship with hypertension. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2214392. [PMID: 37216580 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2214392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana consumption is an important public health problem because of their high use worldwide and their association with the risk of mortality and many health conditions, such as hypertension, which is the commonest risk factor for death throughout the world. A likely pathway of action of substance consumption leading to persistent hypertension is DNA methylation. Here, we evaluated the effects of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana on DNA methylation in the same cohort (N = 3,424). Three epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) were assessed in whole blood using the InfiniumHumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip. We also evaluated the mediation of the top CpG sites in the association between substance consumption and hypertension. Our analyses showed 2,569 CpG sites differentially methylated by alcohol drinking and 528 by tobacco smoking. We did not find significant associations with marijuana consumption after correcting for multiple comparisons. We found 61 genes overlapping between alcohol and tobacco that were enriched in biological processes involved in the nervous and cardiovascular systems. In the mediation analysis, we found 66 CpG sites that significantly mediated the effect of alcohol consumption on hypertension. The top alcohol-related CpG site (cg06690548, P-value = 5.9·10-83) mapped to SLC7A11 strongly mediated 70.5% of the effect of alcohol consumption on hypertension (P-value = 0.006). Our findings suggest that DNA methylation should be considered for new targets in hypertension prevention and management, particularly concerning alcohol consumption. Our data also encourage further research into the use of methylation in blood to study the neurological and cardiovascular effects of substance consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alejandro Cáceres
- Epidemiology, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Mathematics, Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est (EEBE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Juan R Gonzalez
- Epidemiology, Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tegegne KD, Adela GA, Kassie GA, Mengstie MA, Seid MA, Zemene MA, Feleke SF, Dejenie TA, Abebe EC, Anley DT, Dessie AM, Gesese MM, Yimer N, Gebeyehu NA. Prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among peoples living with HIV in East Africa, a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:724. [PMID: 37880643 PMCID: PMC10601241 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, improved access to effective antiretroviral therapy has meant that people living with human immune virus are living longer than before. The burden of non-communicable diseases particularly, hypertension parallels with the increase in age. Although hypertension screening is thought to be an effective indicator of overall health status and paves the way for early interventions in peoples living with human immune virus, the exact prevalence of hypertension in this population remained unknown. We aimed to report the prevalence of hypertension and examine the factors associated with hypertension among people living with human immune virus in East Africa. METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar databases for studies published until January 1, 2023. The search period was from January 10/2023, to February 10/ 2023. Random-effect models were used to calculate the pooled prevalence of hypertension. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity. The Funnel plot and Egger's test were used to assess publication bias. RESULT A total of 15 studies with 10,916 individuals were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of hypertension among people living with human immune virus was19.75% (95% CI, 16.07%-23.42%)),). The prevalence of hypertension was not differed between studies conducted 2014- 2019 and, studies conducted 2020-2022. The prevalence of hypertension was lowest in Ethiopia (16.13%) and highest in Tanzania (26.76%). Alcohol consumption (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 3.39, 95% CI: 2.35-4.43), diabetes (AOR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.89-3.39), longer duration of HIV (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.15-2.3), male sex (AOR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.43-1.8), obesity (AOR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.94-3.84), and older age (AOR: 2.25, 95% CI: 2.0-2.5), were the factors associated with the presence of hypertension in people living with human immune virus. CONCLUSION Our study shows that one in five peoples living with human immune virus have hypertension causing symptoms and impairment, therefore requiring treatment. Designing effective health screening and hypertension management intervention programs helps to prevent the occurrence of hypertension and promotes peoples' overall quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| | - Getachew Asmare Adela
- School of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Ambaw Kassie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Abdu Seid
- Unit of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Aderajaw Zemene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Sefineh Fenta Feleke
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Gondar University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Denekew Tenaw Anley
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Mengist Dessie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Molalign Melese Gesese
- School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Yimer
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu
- School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lamloum D, Fassio F, Osetinsky B, Tediosi F. Care Cascades for Hypertension in Low-Income Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1606428. [PMID: 37901590 PMCID: PMC10600349 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: High blood pressure is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The hypertension care cascade (HCC) is increasingly being used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. This systematic review aims to examine HCC in low-income settings. Methods: The search strategy included articles published between January 2010 and April 2023. We excluded studies with incomplete HCC, on fragile patients or aged <18 years, reviews. We used the MOOSE guideline. Five researchers retrieved data on the survey year, country, population, HCC and diagnostic methods for hypertension. We used JBI Critical Appraisal Tools for quality assessment. Results: Ninety-five articles were analyzed. Average hypertension prevalence was 33% (95% CI: 31%-34%), lower in LICs than in LMICs (25% vs. 34%). The overall mean awareness of hypertension was 48% (95% CI: 45%-51%), its treatment was 35% (95% IC: 32%-38%) and its control 16% (95% CI: 14%-18%). In almost all steps, percentages were lower in LICs and in Sub-Saharan Africa. Conclusion: Trends in HCC vary between countries, with poorer performance in LICs. This review highlights the need for interventions tailored to low-income settings in order to improve hypertension care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Lamloum
- Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Fassio
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Brianna Osetinsky
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Tediosi
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu Y, Shi Z, Sun D, Munivrana G, Liang M, István B, Radak Z, Baker JS, Gu Y. Establishment of hypertension risk nomograms based on physical fitness parameters for men and women: a cross-sectional study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1152240. [PMID: 37771672 PMCID: PMC10523331 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1152240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to establish hypertension risk nomograms for Chinese male and female adults, respectively. Method A series of questionnaire surveys, physical assessments, and biochemical indicator tests were performed on 18,367 adult participants in China. The optimization of variable selection was conducted by running cyclic coordinate descent with 10-fold cross-validation through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The nomograms were built by including the predictors selected through multivariable logistic regression. Calibration plots, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), decision curve analysis (DCA), clinical impact curves (CIC), and net reduction curve plots (NRC) were used to validate the models. Results Out of a total of 18 variables, 5 predictors-namely age, body mass index, waistline, hipline, and resting heart rate-were identified for the hypertension risk predictive model for men with an area under the ROC of 0.693 in the training set and 0.707 in the validation set. Seven predictors-namely age, body mass index, body weight, cardiovascular disease history, waistline, resting heart rate, and daily activity level-were identified for the hypertension risk predictive model for women with an area under the ROC of 0.720 in the training set and 0.748 in the validation set. The nomograms for both men and women were externally well-validated. Conclusion Gender differences may induce heterogeneity in hypertension risk prediction between men and women. Besides basic demographic and anthropometric parameters, information related to the functional status of the cardiovascular system and physical activity appears to be necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yining Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhiyong Shi
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Minjun Liang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bíró István
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Firima E, Retselisitsoe L, Leisa I, Manthabiseng M, Sematle MP, Bane M, Khomolishoele M, Gonzalez L, Gupta R, McCrosky S, Lee T, Chammartin F, Leigh B, Weisser M, Amstutz A, Burkard T, Labhardt ND. Head-to-head comparison of the WHO STEPwise approach with immediate unattended and delayed unattended automated blood pressure measurements during household-based screening: a diagnostic accuracy study in Lesotho. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 63:102197. [PMID: 37680951 PMCID: PMC10480531 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background WHO introduced the STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) to monitor trends in non-communicable diseases. For arterial hypertension, the STEPS protocol takes the average of the last two out of three standard blood pressure measurements (SBPM). This study assesses the diagnostic accuracy of SBPM, same-day and next-day unattended automated measurement (uABP), with 24 h ambulatory measurement (24 h-ABPM) as reference. Methods This diagnostic accuracy study was done within a population-based household survey on cardiovascular risk factors in two districts in Northern Lesotho. Adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with elevated SBPM (defined as ≥140/90 mmHg), and 2:1 age- and sex-matched participants with normal SBPM during the survey were recruited. Following SBPM, first uABP readings were obtained on survey day. Afterwards, participants received a 24 h-ABPM device. Second uABP readings were taken 24 h later, after retrieval of the 24 h-ABPM. The main outcome was overall diagnostic accuracy of all screening measurements (SBPM, first uABP, and second uABP), determined using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), with 24 h-ABPM as a reference. Findings Between November 2, 2021 and August 31, 2022, 275 participants (mean age 58 years (SD: 16 years), 163 (59%) female) were enrolled, 183 of whom had elevated and 92 had normal SBPM. Mean difference between systolic daytime 24 h-ABPM and screening measurements was highest for SBPM (mean difference: -13 mmHg; 95% CI: -14 to -11). Mean difference between diastolic daytime 24 h-ABPM and diastolic SBPM was -2 mmHg (95% CI: -4 to -1), whereas no difference was found for mean diastolic first uABP (mean difference: -1 mmHg; 95% CI: -2.0 to 0.3); and mean diastolic second uABP (mean difference: 1.0 mmHg; 95% CI: -0.4 to 2.3). White coat hypertension was highest with SBPM (55 [20%]), followed by first uABP (27 [9.8%]), and second uABP (18 [6.5%]). Using systolic daytime 24 h-ABPM as a reference, the uABPs had higher AUROC (first uABP: 87% [95% CI: 83-91]; second uABP: 88% [95% CI: 84-92]); SBPM: (79% [95% CI: 74-85]). This difference was significant between first uABP and SBPM (P = 0.0024), and between second uABP and SBPM (P = 0.0017). Interpretation uABP had better diagnostic performance than SBPM. Integration of uABP into STEPS protocol should be considered. Funding Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation under the ComBaCaL project, and the World Diabetes Foundation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Firima
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucia Gonzalez
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Ravi Gupta
- SolidarMed, Partnerships for Health, Maseru, Lesotho
| | - Stephen McCrosky
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tristan Lee
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Frédérique Chammartin
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bailah Leigh
- College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences (COMAHS), University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Maja Weisser
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania
| | - Alain Amstutz
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Burkard
- Medical Outpatient Department and Hypertension Clinic, ESH Hypertension Centre of Excellence, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Daniel Labhardt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Singh A, Dixit P. Sex-specific prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in adults in India: a study for developing sex-specific public policy from the longitudinal ageing study in India (LASI) data 2017-2018. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:85. [PMID: 37626344 PMCID: PMC10464490 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hypertension is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of mortality among Indian adults. The difference in health status between men and women is becoming a great burden in itself worldwide. This study aimed to examine the differences between men and women in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and related risk factors among people aged 45 and older in India using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India in 2017-2018. METHODS Descriptive statistics were presented separately for males and females. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the socio-demographic, lifestyle behaviours, and biological factors associated with the prevalence of hypertension. All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata Version 16.0 statistical software. The study of the data was conducted using survey weights available in the LASI datasets. KEY FINDINGS Overall, the study found that 45.1% of the study population had hypertension, with 26.9% self-reporting their condition and 30% having hypertension at the time of measurement. Approximately 41% of males and 59% of females had hypertension. The self-reported hypertension of men was found to differ significantly from measured hypertension by 8.7%, while in women the difference was only 1.2%. Diabetes was found to increase the odds of having hypertension in both males (OR = 3.65, 95% CI (3.37-3.97)) and females (OR = 3.46, 95% CI (3.21-3.74)). CONCLUSION The difference between self-reported and measured hypertension in men and women is contributing to sex-gender and health inequalities that must be addressed. For adult females with hypertension, it is important to prioritize obesity, education level, physical activity, and regular clinic visits to manage chronic conditions. Based on our findings, policy recommendations can be made to focus on increasing women's literacy, promoting men's screening for hypertension, banning tobacco and alcohol sales, and organizing hypertension awareness campaigns specifically for men and in rural areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Singh
- School of Health Systems Studies (SHSS), Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), V. N. Purav Marg, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Priyanka Dixit
- Centre for Health and Social Sciences, School of Health Systems Studies (SHSS), Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), V. N. Purav Marg, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Traore PWHB, Tine JAD, Bassoum O, Kane A, Faye A. Associated factors with hypertension, known poorly controlled hypertension, and newly diagnosed hypertension among people aged 18-70 in Senegal. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2538. [PMID: 37680873 PMCID: PMC10481903 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we aimed to determine the factors associated with hypertension, known poorly controlled hypertension, and newly diagnosed hypertension in 2015 to improve the prevention of this pathology in our country. Methods This was a secondary analysis of the national WHO STEPwise survey database. It had a quantitative, descriptive, and analytical aim. The sampling was done in stratification in three stages of sampling. Statistical analysis was performed using Rstudio 4.0.2 software. It was a descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analysis using binomial logistic regression for explanatory purposes. Results The risk factors for being hypertensive among 18-70- year-olds in Senegal in 2015 were: having taken their blood pressure at least once in their life; having taken their cholesterol levels at least once in their life; having received advice to reduce salt consumption; having received advice on how to reduce the amount of sugar; having a lean body mass index; being overweight; being obese III; and being between 35-39 and 65-70 years old. The protective factors are: checking the salt content indicated on the labels; and consuming salt-rich dishes "often" compared to "never". The risk factors for being newly diagnosed with hypertension among 18-70-year-olds in Senegal in 2015 were: having a history of stroke; having a resting heart rate greater than 80 beats per minute; consuming palm oil; and having high fasting blood sugar. The protective factors are: having a high average number of meals eaten per week not prepared at home; checking the salt content indicated on the label; and being of female sex. The risk factors for being known to have poorly controlled hypertension among 18-70- year-olds in Senegal in 2015 were: judging their reduction in salt consumption as "very important"; and having received advice to reduce their salt consumption. The protective factors are: performing physical activity only when traveling; and limiting the consumption of salty meals. Conclusion Senegalese family cooking exposes to hypertension, small actions limiting salt consumption strongly protect against hypertension, and simple physical activity during travel strongly protects against hypertension, but the health system is very little proactive in the primordial and primary prevention of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pêngd-Wendé Habib Boussé Traore
- Institute of Health and Development, Public Health Service, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dalal Jamm Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Jean Augustin Diégane Tine
- Institute of Health and Development, Public Health Service, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar
| | - Oumar Bassoum
- Institute of Health and Development, Public Health Service, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar
| | - Abdoul Kane
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dalal Jamm Hospital, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Adama Faye
- Institute of Health and Development, Public Health Service, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Feyisa BR, Tamiru A, Debelo S, Feyisa I, Tola EK, Tolesa EJ, Negeri A, Shibiru T, Galata A, Biru B. Magnitude of hypertension and its association with obesity among employees of Wallaga University, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070656. [PMID: 37438078 PMCID: PMC10347519 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the magnitude of hypertension, its association with obesity and the associated factors among employees of Wallaga University, Ethiopia. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This institution-based cross-sectional study was employed among 588 employees of the university. Respondents were selected by stratified random sampling technique and interviewed with the aid of a structured questionnaire. THE MAIN OUTCOME MEASURED Hypertension and obesity were measured using WHO Stepwise approach and recommendations. We used a stratified random sampling technique to select 588 employees of the university from 3 August 2021 to 15 October 2021. A structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used for data collection. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors independently associated with hypertension. A p value less than or equal to 0.05 and its 95% confidence level was used to declare the statistical significance. RESULTS A total of 578 participants consented and completed the study, giving a response rate of 98.3%. The mean age of the respondents was 31.78 years with SD of 5.4. The overall prevalence of hypertension, general obesity and central obesity was 14.4% (95% CI 11.6% to 17.5%), 31.3% (95% CI 27.6% to 35.3%) and 37% (95% CI 33.1% to 41.1%), respectively. Obesity was significantly associated with hypertension (adjusted OR (AOR): 6.3; 95% CI 2.60 to 8.19). Age range from 35 to 46 (AOR 7.01; 95% CI 1.56 to 31.74), age ≥46 years (AOR 8.45; 95% CI 1.14 to 62.04), being non-academic staff (AOR 2.74; 95% CI 1.56 to 4.81), having additional income (AOR 2.48; 95% CI 1.08 to 5.70), physical inactivity (AOR 2.36; 95% CI 1.44 to 3.88) and poor practice of dietary salt consumption (AOR 1.65; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.87) were factors associated with hypertension. CONCLUSION One in seven, more than two in seven and nearly two in six of the employees of Wallaga University were hypertensive, centrally obese and generally obese, respectively. There was a positive association between obesity and hypertension. Comprehensive awareness creation and devising workplace intervention strategies are highly recommended to reduce the hypertension burden and associated obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bikila Regassa Feyisa
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Afework Tamiru
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
- Department of Public Health, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Sidise Debelo
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Ilili Feyisa
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Edosa Kifle Tola
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Edosa Jabesa Tolesa
- Sport Studies, College of Computational and Natural Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Asefa Negeri
- Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University Referral Hospital, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Shibiru
- Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University Referral Hospital, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Alemtsehay Galata
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Bayise Biru
- Department of Public Health, Institutes of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
El-Sayed Awaad A, El-Bestar S, El-Gilany AH, Al-Wehedy A, El Hadidy SS. Cardiovascular risk factors among train drivers, Mansoura, Egypt. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2023; 78:329-338. [PMID: 37431719 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2023.2230119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular risk factors and diseases are the most prevalent health conditions in train drivers. A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors among train drivers. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and occupational data. Physical activity and dietary habits were assessed, psychological distress was measured. Out of 100 recruited train drivers, 62% had obesity, 46% were hypertensive, 72.8% had dyslipidemia, and 71% had mild and/or moderate level of psychological distress. Being a train driver is independently associated with the likelihood of having obesity (AOR = 14.2) and psychological distress (AOR = 6.6). The prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors was significantly higher among train drivers than the comparison group. Being a train driver is independently associated with obesity and psychological distress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa El-Sayed Awaad
- Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sohair El-Bestar
- Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Adel Al-Wehedy
- Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samah Saleh El Hadidy
- Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Razzaq MA, Younis W, Malik MNH, Alsahli TG, Jahan S, Ehsan R, Gasparotto Junior A, Bashir A. Pulegone Prevents Hypertension through Activation of Muscarinic Receptors and Cyclooxygenase Pathway in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:8166840. [PMID: 37214130 PMCID: PMC10195173 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8166840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was designed to determine pulegone's antihypertensive and vasoprotective activity in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Firstly, the hypotensive dose-response relationship of pulegone was evaluated in normotensive anesthetized rats using the invasive method. Secondly, the mechanism involved in hypotensive activity was determined in the presence of pharmacological drugs such as atropine/muscarinic receptor blocker (1 mg/kg), L-NAME/NOS inhibitor (20 mg/kg), and indomethacin/COX inhibitor (5 mg/kg) in anesthetized rats. Furthermore, studies were carried out to assess the preventive effect of pulegone in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Hypertension was induced in rats by administering L-NAME (40 mg/kg) orally for 28 days. Rats were divided into six groups which were treated orally with tween 80 (placebo), captopril (10 mg/kg), and different doses of pulegone (20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 80 mg/kg). Blood pressure, urine volume, sodium, and body weight were monitored weekly. After 28 days, the effect of pulegone on lipid profile, hepatic markers, antioxidant enzymes, and nitric oxide was estimated from the serum of treated rats. Moreover, plasma mRNA expression of eNOS, ACE, ICAM1, and EDN1 was measured using real-time PCR. Results show that pulegone dose-dependently decreased blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive rats, with the highest effect at 30 mg/kg/i.v. The hypotensive effect of pulegone was reduced in the presence of atropine and indomethacin, whereas L-NAME did not change its hypotensive effect. Concurrent treatment with pulegone for four weeks in L-NAME-treated rats caused a reduction in both systolic blood pressure and heart rate, reversed the reduced levels of serum nitric oxide (NO), and ameliorated lipid profile and oxidative stress markers. Treatment with pulegone also improved the vascular response to acetylcholine. Plasma mRNA expression of eNOS was reduced, whereas ACE, ICAM1, and EDN1 levels were high in the L-NAME group, which was facilitated by pulegone treatment. To conclude, pulegone prevented L-NAME-induced hypertension by demonstrating a hypotensive effect through muscarinic receptors and cyclooxygenase pathway, indicating its use as a potential candidate in managing hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muryam Abdul Razzaq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Younis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School-Rutgers, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | | | - Tariq G. Alsahli
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shah Jahan
- Department of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Roma Ehsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Asifa Bashir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yeh EJ, Grigolon RB, Rodrigues SR, A Bueno AP. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular risk factor management in selected Asian countries. J Comp Eff Res 2023; 12:e220085. [PMID: 36861459 PMCID: PMC10402804 DOI: 10.57264/cer-2022-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: There is a need to understand the management status of hypertension, dyslipidemia/hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus in the Asia-Pacific region (APAC). Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to summarize the awareness, treatment, and/or control rates of these risk factors in adults across 11 APAC countries/regions. Results: We included 138 studies. Individuals with dyslipidemia had the lowest pooled rates compared with those with other risk factors. Levels of awareness with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia were comparable. Individuals with hypercholesterolemia had a statistically lower pooled treatment rate but a higher pooled control rate than those with hypertension. Conclusion: The management of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus was suboptimal in these 11 countries/regions.
Collapse
|
28
|
Afaghi S, Ramezankhani A, Azizi F, Hadaegh F. Gender-specific effect of outdoor temperature and seasonal variation on blood pressure components: a cross-sectional study on Iranian adults from 2015 to 2018. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48220-48231. [PMID: 36752918 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) is influenced by both individual and environmental factors such as ambient temperature. However, the gender-stratified and component-specific impact of temperature on BP is not well understood. Herein, we examined the temperature and seasonal effects on four main BP components, namely systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP), in both genders. A total of 8990 (3954 men) Tehranian adults during 2015-2018 were included. Linear regression models for analyzing data in three models including unadjusted, age-adjusted, and further adjusted for known sociodemographic and cardiovascular confounders were conducted. Among women, each 10 °C increment was associated with a significant decrease of - 0.48 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.86, - 0.19) and - 0.65 mmHg (- 0.76, - 0.41) in SBP and MAP, respectively. In men, the corresponding value for SBP was - 0.46 (- 0.82, - 0.16) mmHg (P = 0.058). Gender-specific analysis in each season showed that among women, PP increased in autumn and winter with each 10 °C decrease (P < 0.05). The mean increase in SBP (3.4 and 2.06 mmHg in women and men, respectively), DBP (1.66 and 1.19 mmHg), and MAP (2.71 and 1.12 mmHg) was observed during winter compared to summer (all P < 0.05). PP showed seasonality only in women (1.46 mmHg, P-value = 0.003). In both genders, SBP in age > 60 years was more susceptible to variation compared to younger ages. Furthermore, obese women had more SBP changes compared to their non-obese counterparts (all P for interaction < 0.05). In conclusion, there was a sex difference in BP response to the outdoor temperature, with higher vulnerability among women. The reverse relation between temperature and BP occurred particularly among elderly and obese individuals. Careful monitoring of BP in cold seasons, specifically in the mentioned subgroups, could potentially attenuate cardiovascular risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Afaghi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azra Ramezankhani
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Meher M, Pradhan S, Pradhan SR. Risk Factors Associated With Hypertension in Young Adults: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e37467. [PMID: 37187665 PMCID: PMC10181897 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
On a global scale, hypertension ranks third among the six major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The risk of heart disease, stroke, and renal failure is all significantly increased by hypertension. We looked for papers on risk factors associated with hypertension in young adults on Google Scholar and PubMed. "Hypertension," "young adults," and "risk factors" were the search terms. Eligibility testing was done in a standardized, non-blinded way. The first author, year of publication, subject related to hypertension in young adults, and risk factors associated with hypertension in young adults were all retrieved from each paper. A PubMed search yielded 150 results. In all, 10 papers were considered in our review, which were published between 2017 and 2021. Most of the studies considered were carried out by foreign research groups. Adults who smoke, chew tobacco, drink alcohol, are obese, engage in sedentary behavior, consume too much salt, and have unhealthy lifestyles are at a higher risk of developing hypertension. In addition to these risk factors, there were additional important risk variables such as illiteracy, illness ignorance, a disregard for one's health, and a society that values men more than women. The way of life is radically altering because of people adjusting to Western culture. Smoking, drinking, being overweight, and eating too much salt are the primary risk factors for hypertension. This shows that in order to live a happier and healthier life, it is important to increase people's understanding of and attitudes toward the prevention and control of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghanad Meher
- General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS) and Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (SOA) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Sourabh Pradhan
- General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS) and Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (SOA) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Soumya Ranjan Pradhan
- General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences (IMS) and Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (SOA) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, IND
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yadav PK, Kalyani VC, Narayan D, Kataria N. A descriptive study to assess knowledge related to hypertension and its impact upon exercises and sleep pattern among adults from communities of Uttarakhand. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:85. [PMID: 37288398 PMCID: PMC10243414 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1175_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension nowadays is a major community health problem. It is high prevalence, which becomes an important area of research which is also a major possibility for circulatory diseases and other complications. It is a silent killer, which does not show any warning sign until a severe medicinal crisis occurs. The study aims to assess the knowledge regarding hypertension and its effect on the amount of exercise and sleep among adults at risk of hypertension from both rural and urban communities of Uttarakhand. METHODS AND MATERIALS A descriptive cross-sectional research design with the total sample size was calculated as 542 adults at risk of hypertension. A purposive sampling method was used for sample selection in this study. A semi-structured questionnaire regarding knowledge related to hypertension and amount of exercise and sleep patterns was administered as tools for data collection. Analysis was done by using SPSS 23.0 version software, descriptive statistics with the use of frequency %, inferential statistics with Chi-square test, and P value ≤ 0.05 considered as significant. RESULTS Majority (58%) of them were male, living with a nuclear family with very poor educational status. It showed that whenever they have free time, only then they were performing simple work without having any experience with regular exercise and yoga. Less than half of them (45%) were having good knowledge about increased blood pressure is a disease, medical management, and how to prevent it. Knowledge regarding hypertension showed significant association with less amount of exercise (use of a motored vehicle to going to job/work) (p value = 0.0001*) and satisfactory pattern of sleep among adults at risk of hypertension (p value = 0.001*). CONCLUSION In this study, a lack of education and very poor knowledge regarding the management of hypertension found to be associated with less amount of exercise but satisfactory sleep among adults at risk of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep K. Yadav
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vasantha C. Kalyani
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Dev Narayan
- College of Nursing, Pacific Medical University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neetu Kataria
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Qamar F, Sana A, Naveed S, Faizi S. Phytochemical characterization, antioxidant activity and antihypertensive evaluation of Ocimum basilicum L. in l-NAME induced hypertensive rats and its correlation analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14644. [PMID: 37064472 PMCID: PMC10102242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum basilicum Linn. (basil) is an aromatic culinary herb that has shown a great potential in therapeutic world. It has many promising pharmacological activities that make it centre for investigations for many researchers. Current study has been planned to determine chemical constituents of basil leaves extracts and their in-vitro and ex-vivo antioxidant and in-vivo antihypertensive potential. GC-MS studies of non-polar extracts showed presence of 75 compounds including monoterpenes, hydrocarbons, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, phyto-sterols and phthalates. Higher percentages of fatty acids were also identified. The major compounds include linalool (7.65%), terpineol (1.42%), tau-cadinol (13.55%), methyl palmitate (14.24%), palmitic acid (14.31%), linolenic acid (1.30%) and methyl linolenate (17.72%). Electron spray ionization mass spectrometry ESI-HRMS/MS of the polar extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolic acid, amino acid, coumarin, lignin, flavanoid and terpene derivative. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were determined using spectrophotometric technique and calculated as gallic acid equivalents GAE/g dry weight and rutin equivalent RE/g of dry weight respectively. The highest phenolic content and flavonoid content were found in ethyl acetate extract 9.40 mg GAE/g and 15.9 mg RE/g of dry weight. All the extracts showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS cation decolorization assays. Dichloromethane extract possess the highest DPPH scavenging activity, i.e., 64.12% ± 0.23 at concentration of 4 mg/ml. Moreover in ex-vivo studies all the extracts showed prominent effect by inhibiting AAPS induce oxidation in Human erythrocytes being 69.24% ± 0.18 in dichloromethane extract, 64.44% ± 0.04 in ethyl acetate and 53.33% ± 0.09 in acetone extract. The methanol extract of O. basilicum exhibited significant decrease in systolic blood pressure in l-Name induced hypertensive rats at the dose of 50 mg/kg for 28 days. Total phenolic content had a higher linear correlation (r = 0.678) with antihypertensive activity, with a level of significance 95% showing that phenolic compounds in the leaves of the plant has important role in inhibiting l -NAME induced hypertension while flavonoid compounds may play a key role in the antioxidant activities of the plant, through synergism. Conclusively, O. basilicum leaves with bioactive metabolites are a potential source for the development of antihypertensive drugs.
Collapse
|
32
|
Solomon M, Shiferaw BZ, Tarekegn TT, GebreEyesus FA, Mengist ST, Mammo M, Mewahegn AA, Mengiste BT, Terefe TF. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension Among Adults in Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2022. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231153473. [PMID: 36761364 PMCID: PMC9903024 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231153473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension affects over a billion people worldwide, making it a major public health problem. The problem is significant in both developed and developing countries. However, studies are scarce in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Objectives This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors at the community level, in South Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed on a sample of 680 participants in the study from April 1 to June 30, 2022. An interview administer was conducted using a standardized and pretested questionnaire was employed. The Epi data 3.1 versions were used to enter data and then exported into SPSS version 23 for analysis. All variables in the multivariable logistic analysis were a candidate with a bi-variable at p < .25. The multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine the predictors of hypertension, and the significance level was established with p < .05. Results There were a total of 635 participants and the response rate was 93.4%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 22.0% [95% CI; 19.1-25.4]. The mean age of the participants was 40.8 ± 12.88 years. Being older age (AOR: 1.95; 95%CI; 1.13-3.36), family history [AOR: 2.65, 95%; CI (1.29-5.45)], eating animal fat [AOR: 0.21, 95%; CI (0.08-0.52)], smoking cigarettes [AOR: 4.06, 95%; CI (2.24-7.36)] and had poor knowledge about hypertension [AOR: 2.69, 95%; CI (1.61-4.49)] were significantly associated with raised blood pressure. Conclusions Hypertension was prevalent in one out of every five study participants. Older age, family history of hypertension, animal fat intake, cigarette smoking, and lack of knowledge were found to be significant factors for hypertension. To address the burden of hypertension, health care practitioners should provide broad health education, routine screening, and promotion of recommended lifestyle measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamo Solomon
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia,Mamo Solomon, Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, P O Box 07, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
| | - Bisrat Zeleke Shiferaw
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Tsehay Tarekegn
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Fisha Alebel GebreEyesus
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Shegaw Tesfa Mengist
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Mitiku Mammo
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | - Agerie Aynalem Mewahegn
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| | | | - Tamene Fetene Terefe
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Enggi CK, Satria MT, Nirmayanti N, Usman JT, Nur JF, Asri RM, Djide NJN, Permana AD. Improved transdermal delivery of valsartan using combinatorial approach of polymeric transdermal hydrogels and solid microneedles: an ex vivo proof of concept investigation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:334-350. [PMID: 36063003 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2121590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Valsartan (VAL) is used as a first-line agent to treat hypertension. However, VAL exhibits poor absorption and low bioavailability when administrated orally. To overcome these issues, VAL transdermal gel was developed in this study, where Carbopol was used as the gel matrices. Additionally, solid microneedles (Dermaroller®) with various needle lengths were combined with transdermal gel to improve its permeation across the stratum corneum as a skin barrier. Developed formulations were further evaluated for various parameters, including pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, gel strength, drug content, ex vivo permeation, in vitro release, occlusivity, and hemolysis. The results showed that all formulations exhibited desired physical characteristics without any potential to cause toxicity. Moreover, this approach showed that using microneedles could significantly enhance the permeation of VAL up to 3 folds compared to untreated skin. The use of microneedles 1.5 mm was found to be the optimum combination to improve VA permeation without affecting skin integrity. As much as 1.69 ± 0.004 mg of VAL permeated after 8 h. Finally, it could be concluded that this work had successfully developed a new approach for VALS drug delivery and could potentially show a significant impact on the treatment of hypertension. Further in vivo work should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mega Tri Satria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sobierajski T, Surma S, Romańczyk M, Banach M, Oparil S. Knowledge of Primary Care Patients Living in the Urban Areas about Risk Factors of Arterial Hypertension. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1250. [PMID: 36674001 PMCID: PMC9858931 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arterial hypertension (AH), one of the most common diseases of civilization, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This disease is the second, after lipid disorders, the most common cardiovascular risk factor and a significant cause of premature death. In Poland, one in three adults (approximately 11 million people) suffers from it. The aim of our survey was to determine patients’ knowledge of the factors (e.g., age, smoking cigarettes, drinking coffee, shift work) that may influence the development of hypertension. The survey was conducted among 205 adult primary care patients living in urban areas. There was a high correlation between patients’ education and risk factors of AH, such: as excess salt in the diet (p = 0.038), smoking electronic cigarettes (p = 0.005), moderate alcohol consumption (p = 0.028), moderate daily physical activity (p = 0.011), female and male sex (p = 0.032 and p = 0.012), air pollution (p < 0.001) and others. In addition, a statistically significant factor shaping patients’ attitudes toward hypertension prevention was the correlation between the respondents’ education and their parents’ prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.40). This study increases the knowledge of patients’ awareness of hypertension. It may serve as guidance for primary care providers to pay special attention to environmental interviews with patients and the patient’s family history for the prevention of hypertension incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Sobierajski
- Faculty of Applied Social Sciences and Resocialization, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Surma
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Romańczyk
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Suzanne Oparil
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Brimingham, Brimingham, AL 35294, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Muacevic A, Adler JR, Ahmad A, Kumar A, Dalal S, Jain P. The Burden of Hypertension and Prehypertension in a Community Health Centre of Haryana. Cureus 2023; 15:e33569. [PMID: 36779163 PMCID: PMC9908999 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension (HTN) is endemic in India and it is considered a public health challenge in both economically developed and developing nations. Unfortunately, despite its high prevalence, its awareness, treatment, and control status are low in urban as well as rural Indian populations. Objectives To determine the burden of hypertension and prehypertension in a Community Health Center (CHC) and to find the association of hypertension with the age group and sex of study subjects. Methodology A cross-sectional study was carried out among 713 patients of age 20 years and above attending the Out Patient Department (OPD) of the Community Health Centre (CHC), Barwala in the Hisar district of Haryana. JNC 7 classification of blood pressure was used to diagnose hypertension. The collected data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Appropriate statistical tests were used. Result Out of the total patients enrolled, 200 (28.1%) were found to be hypertensives. The burden of prehypertension was further observed to be 28.1%. About (61.6%) of OPD patients were female. Among hypertensive patients, nearly half (48.8%) were in the age group of 60-80 years whereas the majority of the hypertensives (56%) were females. Conclusion In our study, more than 50 percent of OPD patients were found to have hypertension and pre-hypertension. Health-seeking behavior was more among females.
Collapse
|
36
|
Pratamawati TM, Alwi I. Summary of Known Genetic and Epigenetic Modification Contributed to Hypertension. Int J Hypertens 2023; 2023:5872362. [PMID: 37201134 PMCID: PMC10188269 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5872362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease due to a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Characterized by raised blood pressure (BP), it is responsible for more than 7 million deaths per annum by acting as a leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Reports suggest that genetic factors are estimated to be involved in approximately 30 to 50% of BP variation, and epigenetic marks are known to contribute to the initiation of the disease by influencing gene expression. Consequently, elucidating the genetic and epigenetic mediators associated with hypertension is essential for better discernment of its pathophysiology. By deciphering the unprecedented molecular hypertension basis, it could help to unravel an individual's inclination towards hypertension which eventually could result in an arrangement of potential strategies for prevention and therapy. In the present review, we discuss known genetic and epigenetic drivers that contributed to the hypertension development and summarize the novel variants that have currently been identified. The effect of these molecular alterations on endothelial function was also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiar Masykuroh Pratamawati
- Program Doctoral Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia
| | - Idrus Alwi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gao J, Akbari A, Wang T. Green tea could improve elderly hypertension by modulating arterial stiffness, the activity of the renin/angiotensin/aldosterone axis, and the sodium-potassium pumps in old male rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14398. [PMID: 36181277 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major health problem common in the elderly people. Green tea is a popular beverage recommended in folk medicine for lowering blood pressure. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the antihypertensive effects of green tea are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive effects of green tea on high-salt diet-induced hypertension in old male rats. Forty old male rats were divided into five groups: control, hypertensive, and hypertensive-green tea (2, 4, and 6 g/kg). Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured. Cardiac and renal histology were also performed. Lipid profile, NO, angiotensin II (Ang II), and aldosterone were determined, and the expression of eNOS, ATIR and ATIIR, aldosterone receptor, and Atp1a1 were measured. Green tea could significantly decrease HR and SBP, lipid profiles, renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system activity, and Ang II signaling in kidney tissue of hypertensive rats (p < .01). It also increased Atp1a1, Nrf2, and eNOS expression along with antioxidant enzymes activity and NO concentration (p < .05) and decreased NF-ĸB and iNOS expression and IL-1β levels in the heart, kidneys, and aorta of rats with hypertension. It can be concluded that green tea can improve salt-induced blood pressure by modulating the function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, enhancing the synthesis of nitric oxide in the endothelium, increasing antioxidant activity and suppressing inflammation in the heart and kidney, improving the expression of the sodium-potassium pump, and reduction in serum lipids and glucose in aged male rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of this study showed that green tea could improve hypertension in elderly rats by modulating (1) the expression of the sodium-potassium pump in the heart, kidney, and aortic tissues, (2) the activity of the renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system in kidney, (3) enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the heart, aorta, and kidneys, (4) enhancing the synthesis of nitric oxide in the endothelium, and (5) lowering lipid profile. The results of these studies show that the consumption of green tea and its products can be a good candidate for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension in the elderly. In addition, attention to its bioactive compounds can be considered by researchers as an independent therapeutic strategy or adjunctive therapy for the treatment of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Department of Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shaulian SY, Makaryus AN, Zeltser R. Role of Vascular Receptors in the Development of Hypertension in the Elderly Population. Int J Angiol 2022; 31:260-266. [PMID: 36588863 PMCID: PMC9803552 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a disease common in adults, with many risk factors and potentially life-threatening outcomes. Blood pressure is controlled by receptors that inform the brain about the amount of pressure inside the arteries, and the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, respectively. Research has revealed that baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) decreases with increasing age and that there is a high correlation between hypertension and low BRS. However, various studies with differing results have indicated that high blood pressure is what causes BRS to decline, and vice versa. Several studies have shown very conflicting results on the correlation between chemoreflex and age; there have been indications of chemoreflex having a positive, negative, and zero correlation with age. In several experiments, the surgical removal of the chemoreceptors of hypertensive rats was followed by a decrease in blood pressure. These animal experiments, and an additional noninvasive human experiment in which the chemoreceptors were temporarily "shut off," are reasons why more attention should be given to chemoreceptors as a route of alleviating hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amgad N. Makaryus
- Department of Cardiology, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, New York
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
| | - Roman Zeltser
- Department of Cardiology, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, New York
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphisms with risk of hypertension among the Ethiopian population. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276021. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Although the pathophysiological mechanism of hypertension is not fully elucidated yet, a large number of pieces of evidence have shown that genetic alterations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system play a central role. However, the association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene with essential hypertension is controversial yet, and there is a limited number of publications among the Ethiopian population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with the risk of hypertension among essential hypertension patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Materials and methods
A case-control study was conducted from October 07, 2020, to June 02, 2021, among hypertensive patients and normotensive control groups at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and anthropometric measurements. Five milliliters of blood were drawn from each of the randomly selected 64 hypertensive and 64 normotensive participants for molecular test analysis. Genetic polymorphism of the ACE gene was identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0 software. The strength of association between the genotype and hypertension was estimated through the calculation of adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result
The distribution of DD genotypes and D allele of the ACE gene were 48.4% and 63% in essential hypertensive patients, respectively, while it were 29.7% and 42.2% in control subjects respectively. The ACE DD genotype (p-value = 0.005) and D allele (p-value = 0.001) were more frequent among hypertensive patients as compared to controls.
Conclusion
The present study found that the DD genotype and D allele of the ACE gene has had a strong association with a high risk of hypertension in the study population.
Collapse
|
40
|
Son M, Heo YJ, Hyun HJ, Kwak HJ. Effects of Marital Status and Income on Hypertension: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). J Prev Med Public Health 2022; 55:506-519. [PMID: 36475316 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.22.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the associations of income, marital status, and health behaviors with hypertension in male and female over 40 years of age in the Korea. METHODS The data were derived from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES; 4851-302) which included 211 576 participants. To analyze the relationships of income, marital status, and health behaviors with hypertension in male and female over 40 years of age, multiple logistic regression was conducted with adjustments for these variables. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension increased linearly as income decreased. The odds ratio for developing hypertension in people with an income of <0.5 million Korean won (KRW) compared to ≥6.0 million KRW was 1.55 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 1.93) in the total population, 1.58 (95% CI, 1.27 to 1.98) in male, and 1.07 (95% CI, 0.35 to 3.28) in female. The combined effect of income level and marital status on hypertension was significant. According to income level and marital status, in male, low income and divorce were most associated with hypertension (1.76 times; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.08). However, in female, the low-income, married group was most associated with hypertension (1.83 times; 95% CI, 1.71 to 1.97). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that it is necessary to approach male and female marital status separately according to income in health policies to address inequalities in the prevalence of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Son
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yeon Jeong Heo
- Department of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Hyun
- Department of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ho Jong Kwak
- Department of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Aguilar-Guadarrama AB, Yáñez-Ibarra G, Cancino-Marentes ME, González-Ibarra P, Ortiz-Andrade R, Sánchez-Recillas A, Rodríguez-Carpena JG, Aguirre-Vidal Y, Medina-Diaz IM, Ávila-Villarreal G. Chromatographic Techniques and Pharmacological Analysis as a Quality Control Strategy for Serjania triquetra a Traditional Medicinal Plant. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101289. [PMID: 36297401 PMCID: PMC9611020 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Serjania triquetra is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of urinary tract diseases, renal affections, and its complications. The population can buy this plant in folk markets as a raw material mixed with several herbal remedies or as a health supplement. On the market, two commercial presentations were found for the vegetal material; one had a bulk appearance and the other was marketed wrapped in cellophane bags (HESt-2, HESt-3). Nevertheless, the plant has not been exhaustively investigated and quality control techniques have not been developed. This research aimed to realize a phytochemical study using an authentic, freshly collected sample as a reference for S. triquetra (HESt-1), using the compounds identified. A method for the determination of preliminary chromatographic fingerprinting was developed. Additionally, the vasorelaxant effect from three samples was evaluated with ex vivo rat models. Thus, three hydroalcoholic extracts (HESt-1, HESt-2, and HESt-3) were prepared by maceration. A total of nine compounds were fully identified from HESt-1 after the extract was subjected to open-column chromatography. Seven metabolites were detected by gas chromatography, while ursolic acid (UA) and allantoin were isolated and identified using UPLC-MS and NMR, respectively. Three extracts were analyzed for their chromatographic fingerprint by UPLC-MS. Biological activity was explored by ex vivo rat aorta ring model to evaluate vasorelaxant activity. All extracts showed a vasorelaxant effect in a concentration-dependent and endothelium-dependent manner. S. triquetra vascular activity may be attributed to UA and allantoin compounds previously described in the literature for this activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Berenice Aguilar-Guadarrama
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Yáñez-Ibarra
- Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología A. C. “Unidad Especializada en I+D+i en Calidad de Alimentos y Productos Naturales”, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Mexico
| | | | - Paola González-Ibarra
- Unidad Académica de Salud Integral, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Mexico
| | - Rolffy Ortiz-Andrade
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97069, Mexico
| | - Amanda Sánchez-Recillas
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97069, Mexico
| | - Javier-German Rodríguez-Carpena
- Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología A. C. “Unidad Especializada en I+D+i en Calidad de Alimentos y Productos Naturales”, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Mexico
| | - Yoshajandith Aguirre-Vidal
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Campus III, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Xalapa 91073, Mexico
| | - Irma-Martha Medina-Diaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepict 63000, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Ávila-Villarreal
- Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología A. C. “Unidad Especializada en I+D+i en Calidad de Alimentos y Productos Naturales”, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Mexico
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63000, Mexico
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Iftkhar S, de Sá AGC, Velloso JPL, Aljarf R, Pires DEV, Ascher DB. cardioToxCSM: A Web Server for Predicting Cardiotoxicity of Small Molecules. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:4827-4836. [PMID: 36219164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The design of novel, safe, and effective drugs to treat human diseases is a challenging venture, with toxicity being one of the main sources of attrition at later stages of development. Failure due to toxicity incurs a significant increase in costs and time to market, with multiple drugs being withdrawn from the market due to their adverse effects. Cardiotoxicity, for instance, was responsible for the failure of drugs such as fenspiride, propoxyphene, and valdecoxib. While significant effort has been dedicated to mitigate this issue by developing computational approaches that aim to identify molecules likely to be toxic, including quantitative structure-activity relationship models and machine learning methods, current approaches present limited performance and interpretability. To overcome these, we propose a new web-based computational method, cardioToxCSM, which can predict six types of cardiac toxicity outcomes, including arrhythmia, cardiac failure, heart block, hERG toxicity, hypertension, and myocardial infarction, efficiently and accurately. cardioToxCSM was developed using the concept of graph-based signatures, molecular descriptors, toxicophore matchings, and molecular fingerprints, leveraging explainable machine learning, and was validated internally via different cross validation schemes and externally via low-redundancy blind sets. The models presented robust performances with areas under ROC curves of up to 0.898 on 5-fold cross-validation, consistent with metrics on blind tests. Additionally, our models provide interpretation of the predictions by identifying whether substructures that are commonly enriched in toxic compounds were present. We believe cardioToxCSM will provide valuable insight into the potential cardiotoxicity of small molecules early on drug screening efforts. The method is made freely available as a web server at https://biosig.lab.uq.edu.au/cardiotoxcsm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Iftkhar
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex G C de Sá
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - João P L Velloso
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raghad Aljarf
- Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Douglas E V Pires
- Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - David B Ascher
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia.,Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.,Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dartey AF, Lasidji BN, Baku E, Worna Lotse C, Kuug AK, Dzansi G. A Descriptive Exploratory Study of the Causes and Effects of Hypertension Among Ghanaian Soldiers and Their Families. SAGE Open Nurs 2022; 8:23779608221129130. [PMID: 36245847 PMCID: PMC9554117 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221129130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The quality of life of any soldier can be affected by a simple diagnosis of Hypertension. Hypertension has not been directly linked to a single cause; however, knowing the associated risks and early diagnosis can help with its management. This study aimed to explore and describe the causes of hypertension among soldiers and its effects on their families. OBJECTIVES To explore and describe the causes of hypertension and its effects on soldiers and their families. METHODS A qualitative technique and an exploratory descriptive design were used in this study. At saturation, a total of 10 soldiers were face-to-face interviewed and gathered data simultaneously transcribed and subjected to a content analytic method of analysis. Participants approved being audio recorded on tape with an audio recording device. RESULTS Effects of hypertension on personal lives of soldiers, effects of hypertension on family life, and effects of hypertension on social life were identified as the causes and risk factors of hypertension among the soldiers. These themes are further expanded by their subthemes in the areas of decreased physical activity including sex life, decrease interaction with family, and isolation from friends. CONCLUSION This study revealed that hypertension does have effects on one's personal life, family life, and social life. Hence, it is recommended that frequent health education on hypertension and its effects should be organized in the various Garrisons by the public health department for all soldiers and their families. Screening programs should be organized for early hypertension detection. Soldiers should be educated on appropriate eating habits, weight and financial management, and reduction in tobacco and alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Fafa Dartey
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
- Anita Fafa Dartey, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana.
,
| | | | - Elizabeth Baku
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Comfort Worna Lotse
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | | | - Gladys Dzansi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kumar V, Agarwal S, Saboo B, Makkar B. RSSDI Guidelines for the management of hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022; 42:576-605. [PMID: 36536953 PMCID: PMC9750845 DOI: 10.1007/s13410-022-01143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the leading lifestyle diseases in the Indian and South Asian populations that often co-exist due to overlapping pathophysiological factors. Obesity, insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress are thought to be some common pathways. Up to 50% of hypertensive cases in India are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which defines the need for a comprehensive guideline for managing hypertension in diabetic patients. These RSSDI guidelines have been formulated based on consultation with expert endocrinologists in India and Southeast Asia, acknowledging the needs of the Indian population. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and office and home-based blood pressure (BP) monitoring are recommended for the early analysis of risks. Cardiovascular risks, end-organ damage, and renal disorders are the primary complications associated with diabetic hypertension that needs to be managed with the help of non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions. The non-pharmacological interventions include the nutrition education of the patient to reduce the intake of salt, sodium, and trans fats and increase the consumption of nuts, fresh fruits, vegetables, and potassium-rich foods. It is also recommended to initiate 50 to 60 min of exercise three to four times a week since physical activity has shown to be more beneficial for hypertension control in Indian patients than dietary modulation. For the pharmacological management of hypertension in patients with T2DM, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are recommended as the first line of therapy, demonstrating their superiority over other antihypertensive agents such as ACEi. However, most of the global hypertension guidelines recommend initiation with combination therapy to achieve better BP control in most patients and to reduce the risk of adverse events. For combination therapy, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are recommended to be administered along with ARBs instead of beta-blockers or diuretics to avoid the risk of cardiovascular events and hyperglycaemia. Among the CCBs, novel molecules (e.g. cilnidipine) are recommended in combination with ARBs for better cardiovascular and reno-protection in diabetic hypertensive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasanth Kumar
- Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
- President. RSSDI, Prune, India
| | - Sanjay Agarwal
- Aegle Clinic-Diabetes Care, Pune, India
- Department of Medicine and Diabetes, Ruby Hall Clinic, Pune, India
- Secretary-General, RSSDI, Pune, India
| | - Banshi Saboo
- Immediate Past-President, RSSDI, Pune, India
- Dia-Care Hormone Clinic, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Brij Makkar
- President-Elect, RSSDI, Prune, India
- Dr Makkar’s Diabetes & Obesity Centre, A-5B/122, Paschim Vihar, New Delhi, 110063 India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Al-Ghamdi S, Al Muaddi AM, Alqahtani NA, Alhasoon TY, Basalem AA, Altamimi AA. Validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the revised illness perception questionnaire for patients with hypertension. Front Public Health 2022; 10:874722. [PMID: 36249248 PMCID: PMC9554535 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.874722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia affecting 31.4% of the population. The Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) is a validated and reliable tool for assessing the perception of hypertension among patients. This cross-sectional study aimed to translate the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) into Arabic and validate it among Arabic patients with hypertension from the outpatient departments of the Prince Sattam University Hospital and King Khalid Hospital (KKH) in Al-Kharj City in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods A bilingual panel of doctors and medical translators was assembled to translate the IPQ-R into Arabic. The questionnaire was administered to 100 adult Arabic speaking patients with clinically diagnosed primary hypertension. Patients with secondary hypertension or complications of hypertension were excluded from the study. Results Fifty-seven patients (57%) were male and sixty-five (65%) were older than 40 years. Headache was the most common symptom of hypertension reported by 65% of the participants. The internal consistency of the questionnaire excluding the domain of 'Disease Identity' was 0.76 indicating satisfactory consistency. There were weak to moderate positive linear correlations (r = 0.003-0.561) between the domains of IPQ-R suggesting a reasonable discriminant validity among the domains. Conclusion The Arabic version of the IPQ-R for hypertensive patients is a consistent, valid, and reliable tool to be used by researchers or clinicians for assessing knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of Arabic speaking patients with hypertension living in Saudi Arabia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Sameer Al-Ghamdi
| | - Alhaytham Mohammed Al Muaddi
- Undergraduate Medical Student, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Ali Alqahtani
- Undergraduate Medical Student, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamim Yahya Alhasoon
- Undergraduate Medical Student, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Basalem
- Undergraduate Medical Student, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Abdullah Altamimi
- Undergraduate Medical Student, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Padmambika TS, Deshpande A, Mudunuru AK, Fatima F, Reddy SS. Surface Recording of Aortic Pressure Wave from Aortic Area of Auscultation in Women with Hypertension: A New Idea to Indirectly Monitor Aortic Pressure. INDIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN WOMEN 2022. [DOI: 10.25259/mm_ijcdw_418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives:
Blood pressure recording from the peripheral artery is subject to variations. While blood pressure is said to a modifiable risk factor for many cardiovascular and neurological diseases, the diagnosis of hypertension using Sphygmomanometry must be complemented with other tests to find central blood pressures. A newer, non-invasive method to indirectly record the aortic pressures is required. Aim of the study is to record surface aortic pressure waves (SAP) from aortic area of auscultation during breath holding and to compare the wave characteristics in hypertensive and normotensive women at rest and after mild exercise.
Materials and Methods:
128 women were recruited in the study. Piezoelectric sensor placed in the aortic area was used for getting the SAP waves during breath holding for 30 seconds. ECG was taken to show temporal association of these waves to R waves. Mean arterial pressures from arm (map-a) and from SAP waves (map-s) were calculated. Powerlab 8/35 and Labchart Pro software by AD Instruments were used in the study.
Results:
R waves were followed by the SAP waves by about 31±2.2 ms at rest and 11±2.4 ms after mild exercise in all subjects. In hypertensive women, the map-s values were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in magnitude than in normotensive women both at rest and after exercise. There was no significant correlation between the map-a and map-s in any of the groups at rest or after exercise.
Conclusion:
This new method, with some refinement could prove as a better alternative to blood pressure recording.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Apurva Deshpande
- Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
| | | | - Farheen Fatima
- Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India,
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bhimarasetty MD, Pamarthi K, Prasad Kandipudi KL, Padmasri Y, Nagaraja SB, Khanna P, Goel S. Hypertension among women in reproductive age in India: Can we predict the risk? An analysis from National Family Health Survey (2015-2016). J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:5857-5864. [PMID: 36505580 PMCID: PMC9731032 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_176_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension in women of reproductive age group is of special concern because of the vulnerability of women to pregnancy-induced hypertension apart from socio-cultural vulnerability. Aim The objective of the study was to identify the predictors for hypertension among Indian women and to develop a risk score which would provide an opportunity for early detection and appropriate action. Material and Methods This study was based on the data collected in National Family Health Survey in 2015-2016. Women in India of 15-49 years were the study population. Data were analysed using SPSS v17. Logistic regression analysis was carried and expressed as odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals to identify predictors of hypertension. The risk score for hypertension was developed after shrinkage of variables and by using regression coefficients obtained by standard Logistic Regression Model. Results Among 6,87,230 women between 15 and 49 years, 77,788 (11.3%) were hypertensive. The study results revealed that there was an increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension (26.5%) with increasing age, and with increasing weight (23.4%). Urban areas (12.3% vs 10.9%), alcoholics (19.2%) and various forms of tobacco users (14.8%) had more prevalence of hypertension. Conclusion Age, residing in urban area, consuming tobacco products, consumption of alcohol, non-vegetarian diet and overweight, were found to be the significant predictor variables, and were used to develop the Risk Prediction score using logistic regression model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran Pamarthi
- Department of Community Medicine, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Yalamanchili Padmasri
- Department of Community Medicine, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Poonam Khanna
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sonu Goel
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Sonu Goel, Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Adjunct Clinical Associate Professor, Public Health Master’s Program, School of Medicine and Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Ireland. Honorary Professor, Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, United Kingdom. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bays HE, Golden A, Tondt J. Thirty Obesity Myths, Misunderstandings, and/or Oversimplifications: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2022; 3:100034. [PMID: 37990730 PMCID: PMC10661978 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) is intended to provide clinicians an overview of 30 common obesity myths, misunderstandings, and/or oversimplifications. Methods The scientific support for this CPS is based upon published citations, clinical perspectives of OMA authors, and peer review by the Obesity Medicine Association leadership. Results This CPS discusses 30 common obesity myths, misunderstandings, and/or oversimplifications, utilizing referenced scientific publications such as the integrative use of other published OMA CPSs to help explain the applicable physiology/pathophysiology. Conclusions This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) on 30 common obesity myths, misunderstandings, and/or oversimplifications is one of a series of OMA CPSs designed to assist clinicians in the care of patients with the disease of obesity. Knowledge of the underlying science may assist the obesity medicine clinician improve the care of patients with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harold Edward Bays
- Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 3288, Illinois Avenue, Louisville, KY, 40213, USA
| | - Angela Golden
- NP Obesity Treatment Clinic, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Justin Tondt
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State Health, Penn State College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Rd Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sadeghi N, Ahmadi F, Rasekhi A. The Effect of Continuous Care Model on Blood Pressure and Quality of Life in Patients with Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Caring Sci 2022; 11:210-216. [DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2022.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases in all populations. Since people with hypertension have a lower quality of life (QoL) compared to healthy people, it is necessary to follow up these patients according to their conditions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a continuous care model on blood pressure and QoL in hypertensive patients. Methods: Using a random sampling method, this randomized clinical trial (RCT) included 66 patients with hypertension referring to the clinic of Shahid Madani hospital in Tabriz, Iran in 2019. Data collection tools in this research were demographic information questionnaire, sphygmomanometer control device and stethoscope and Quality of Life questionnaire (The Short Form Health Survey-12, SF-12). The patients were randomly assigned into two groups of control and experimental. After the pre-test, the patients’ needs in the experimental group were assessed and the problems were resolved. Then, the post-test was performed one month and two months after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 13. Results: After the intervention, there was a significant difference in the QoL score and blood pressure in the experimental group. However, this difference was not significant in the control group. Conclusion: Results indicated that using a follow-up care model had a positive effect on the blood pressure and QoL of patients with hypertension. It is recommended that further studies examine the impact of the integrated care model on QoL in other chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Sadeghi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazlollah Ahmadi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Rasekhi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Life-Course Associations between Blood Pressure-Related Polygenic Risk Scores and Hypertension in the Bogalusa Heart Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081473. [PMID: 36011384 PMCID: PMC9408577 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic information may help to identify individuals at increased risk for hypertension in early life, prior to the manifestation of elevated blood pressure (BP) values. We examined 369 Black and 832 White Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) participants recruited in childhood and followed for approximately 37 years. The multi-ancestry genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and hypertension were tested for an association with incident hypertension and stage 2 hypertension using Cox proportional hazards models. Race-stratified analyses were adjusted for baseline age, age2, sex, body mass index, genetic principal components, and BP. In Black participants, each standard deviation increase in SBP and DBP PRS conferred a 38% (p = 0.009) and 22% (p = 0.02) increased risk of hypertension and a 74% (p < 0.001) and 50% (p < 0.001) increased risk of stage 2 hypertension, respectively, while no association was observed with the hypertension PRSs. In Whites, each standard deviation increase in SBP, DBP, and hypertension PRS conferred a 24% (p < 0.05), 29% (p = 0.01), and 25% (p < 0.001) increased risk of hypertension, and a 27% (p = 0.08), 29% (0.01), and 42% (p < 0.001) increased risk of stage 2 hypertension, respectively. The addition of BP PRSs to the covariable-only models generally improved the C-statistics (p < 0.05). Multi-ancestry BP PRSs demonstrate the utility of genomic information in the early life prediction of hypertension.
Collapse
|