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Bratosiewicz-Wąsik J, Wąsik TJ. Genetic variants of IL-10 promoter influence susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and disease progression in the Polish population: IL-10 polymorphisms and HIV-1. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:111086. [PMID: 39153369 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.111086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The risk of HIV-1 infection and the rate of disease progression vary considerably among individuals and the genetic makeup of the host may be one of the possible reasons for this. We aimed to determine association of functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), -1082A/G (rs1800896), -819C/T (rs1800871), and -592C/A (rs1800872) in IL-10 gene, with the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and clinical parameters expressed as a baseline CD4+ T cell count, CD8+ T cell count, and viral load. Therapy naïve HIV-1 infected individuals and HIV-1 seronegative controls from Poland were recruited for this study. Genotyping results revealed significantly higher frequency of -1082G/G genotype (28.1 % vs 16.1 %; p = 0.0019, OR=0.49) and -1082G allele (47.6 % vs 38.8 %; p = 0.0028, OR = 0.70) as well as lower frequency of -592 and -819 heterozygosity (45.0 % vs 34.4 %; p = 0.0266, OR = 1.47) in controls compared to seropositive subjects. High producing haplotype GCC was associated with increased risk of HIV-1 infection (p = 0.0018, OR = 1.52). Individuals possessing -592 and -819 minor allele had significantly higher CD8+ T cell count compared to the wild type allele carriers (p = 0.0303). Moreover, presence of -1082G allele was related with lower viral load as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T cells counts among patients infected with R5 HIV-1 variant. Thus, IL-10 gene promoter variants may be a risk factor for HIV-1 transmission and may modulate disease progression in the Polish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Bratosiewicz-Wąsik
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, ul. Jagiellońska 4, Poland.
| | - Tomasz J Wąsik
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, ul. Medyków 18, Poland.
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Manea M, Mărunțelu I, Constantinescu I. Extended analysis on peripheral blood cytokines correlated with hepatitis B virus viral load in chronically infected patients - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1429926. [PMID: 39149606 PMCID: PMC11325457 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1429926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) can affect life quality. Monitoring and understanding the fluctuations of the HBV level of viremia related to the intricate immune activity of the host helps in the development of new treatment strategies and evaluation patterns. This meta-analysis presents the correlations between cytokines and the level of viremia in chronic HBV patients for a better comprehension of the immune mechanisms behind this infection. Methods We used PRISMA guidelines for this meta-analysis. The databases assessed were PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library. ZOTERO and PlotDigitizer helped the systematic research process. We extracted information related to the correlations between cytokines and the HBV-DNA level. Effect measures included comparisons between standardized mean differences and correlation coefficients. We evaluated retrieved articles with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). The R 4.2.2 software displayed the statistical calculation and graphical representations. Results From 58,169 records, we extracted 16 articles with 32 different cytokine determinations. The main interleukins included in detection panels were IL-10 and IL-21. The meta-correlation analysis comprised 1,199 chronic HBV patients. The standardized mean difference between cytokine levels in HBV patients and healthy controls was 0.82 (95% CI = [-0.19, 1.84], p = 0.11). We observed a significant, fair, pooled correlation coefficient between IL-10, IL-9, and the viral load (r = 0.52, 95% CI = [0.19, 0.85]). Conclusion This meta-analysis brings novelty because it gives a first rigorous systematic look at multiple studies with many cytokines. Our research approaches a debatable issue and gives a possible solution for settling controversies. Future studies can arise towards understanding the immune disruption in HBV and the development of new, improved assays for prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Manea
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Mărunțelu
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Immunogenetics and Virology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ileana Constantinescu
- Immunology and Transplant Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest, Romania
- Center of Immunogenetics and Virology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
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Finnegan D, Connolly C, Mechoud MA, FitzGerald JA, Beresford T, Mathur H, Brennan L, Cotter PD, Loscher CE. Novel Dairy Fermentates Have Differential Effects on Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity and Inflammation in Dendritic Cells. Foods 2024; 13:2392. [PMID: 39123583 PMCID: PMC11311654 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented foods and ingredients, including furmenties derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in dairy products, can modulate the immune system. Here, we describe the use of reconstituted skimmed milk powder to generate novel fermentates from Lactobacillus helveticus strains SC232, SC234, SC212, and SC210, and from Lacticaseibacillus casei strains SC209 and SC229, and demonstrate, using in vitro assays, that these fermentates can differentially modulate cytokine secretion via bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) when activated with either the viral ligand loxoribine or an inflammatory stimulus, lipopolysaccharide. Specifically, we demonstrate that SC232 and SC234 increase cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-12p40, IL-23, IL-27, and IL-10 and decrease IL-1β in primary bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) stimulated with a viral ligand. In contrast, exposure of these cells to SC212 and SC210 resulted in increased IL-10, IL-1β, IL-23, and decreased IL-12p40 following activation of the cells with the inflammatory stimulus LPS. Interestingly, SC209 and SC229 had little or no effect on cytokine secretion by BMDCs. Overall, our data demonstrate that these novel fermentates have specific effects and can differentially enhance key immune mechanisms that are critical to viral immune responses, or can suppress responses involved in chronic inflammatory conditions, such as ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dearbhla Finnegan
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland;
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
| | - Claire Connolly
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, D04V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Monica A. Mechoud
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Jamie A. FitzGerald
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, D04V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Tom Beresford
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Harsh Mathur
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, D04V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, University College Cork, T12 R229 Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Christine E. Loscher
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland;
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (C.C.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (L.B.); (P.D.C.)
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Fu S, Jia W, Li P, Cui J, Wang Y, Song C. Risk factors for pneumonia among children with coinfection of influenza A virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:1437-1444. [PMID: 38789887 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for pneumonia in children co-infected with influenza A virus (IAV) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). METHODS Children who were diagnosed with IAV and MP infection between January and December, 2023 were enrolled and divided into a non-pneumonia group and a pneumonia group. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate each index, and the risk factors for pneumonia caused by coinfection in the two groups were explored. RESULTS A total of 209 patients were enrolled, of which 107 and 102 patients were in the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups, respectively. The patients in the pneumonia group were older and had a longer duration of fever (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that the median age, duration of fever, and CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and IL-10 levels were significantly correlated with pneumonia (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the median age, duration of fever, and CD4+, CD8+ and IL-10 levels were independent risk factors for pneumonia. Area under the curve of the five combined indicators in the ROC (receiver operator characteristic) analysis was 0.883, was higher than single factor. CONCLUSION Children with IAV and MP infection whose age older than 6.08 years, had a fever longer than 4 days, had a CD4+ count < 22.12%, had a CD8+ count < 35.21%, had an IL-10 concentration > 22.08 ng/ml were more likely to develop pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Fu
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Wanyu Jia
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Peng Li
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Junhao Cui
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Yangji Wang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Chunlan Song
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China.
- , Zhengzhou, China.
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Baig S, Das P, Podaralla N, Evangelista A, Kaur I, Bhandari V. Correlation of Polymorphonuclear Cell Burden and Microbial Growth to the Inflammatory Cytokines in Tracheal Aspirates from Ventilated Preterm Infants. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:1388-1395. [PMID: 36773600 DOI: 10.1055/a-2033-5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The significance of the presence of microorganisms and polymorphonuclear cells in the tracheal aspirates (TAs) of ventilated preterm infants is not well known. Our aim was to correlate information about the presence of polymorphonuclear cells with microbial growth and the cytokine milieu in the TAs of infants who have been intubated for >7 days. STUDY DESIGN TAs were collected from infants who had been intubated for 7 days or longer. Respiratory cultures were performed, and infants were stratified based on the presence and abundance of polymorphonuclear cells and microbial growth. Cytokines were measured in the TAs of each of the respective groups. RESULTS In the 19 infants whose TAs were collected, the presence of at least moderate WBC with presence of microbial growth was positively associated with the presence of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1β, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The presence of at least moderate WBC, with or without microbial growth, was correlated positively with the presence of IL-8 and TNF-α. CONCLUSION There are higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines (especially, IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in TAs with higher cell counts and presence of microbial growth. The findings suggest that the presence of microbial growth correlated with inflammatory burden and warrant a larger study to see if treatment of microbial growth can ameliorate the inflammatory burden. KEY POINTS · Concomitant evaluation of inflammatory cells, microbial growth, and cytokines in tracheal aspirates.. · Moderate TA WBC with presence of microbial growth associated with IL-10, IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α.. · Moderate TA WBC, with/without microbial growth, correlated with the presence of IL-8 and TNF-α.. · Higher levels of IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α correlated with higher TA cell counts and microbial growth..
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Baig
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pragnya Das
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Niharika Podaralla
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan Evangelista
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ishminder Kaur
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Ferrucci V, Miceli M, Pagliuca C, Bianco O, Castaldo L, Izzo L, Cozzolino M, Zannella C, Oglio F, Polcaro A, Randazzo A, Colicchio R, Galdiero M, Berni Canani R, Salvatore P, Zollo M. Modulation of innate immunity related genes resulting in prophylactic antimicrobial and antiviral properties. J Transl Med 2024; 22:574. [PMID: 38886736 PMCID: PMC11184722 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The innate immunity acts during the early phases of infection and its failure in response to a multilayer network of co-infections is cause of immune system dysregulation. Epidemiological SARS-CoV-2 infections data, show that Influenza Virus (FLU-A-B-C) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) are co-habiting those respiratory traits. These viruses, especially in children (mostly affected by 'multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children' [MIS-C] and the winter pandemic FLU), in the aged population, and in 'fragile' patients are causing alteration in immune response. Then, bacterial and fungal pathogens are also co-habiting the upper respiratory traits (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans), thus contributing to morbidity in those COVID-19 affected patients. METHODS Liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry using the quadrupole orbital ion trap analyser (i.e., UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) was adopted to measure the polyphenols content of a new nutraceutical formula (Solution-3). Viral infections with SARS-CoV-2 (EG.5), FLU-A and RSV-A viruses (as performed in BLS3 authorised laboratory) and real time RT-PCR (qPCR) assay were used to test the antiviral action of the nutraceutical formula. Dilution susceptibility tests have been used to estimate the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC, respectively) of Solution-3 on a variety of microorganisms belonging to Gram positive/ negative bacteria and fungi. Transcriptomic data analyses and functional genomics (i.e., RNAseq and data mining), coupled to qPCR and ELISA assays have been used to investigate the mechanisms of action of the nutraceutical formula on those processes involved in innate immune response. RESULTS Here, we have tested the combination of natural products containing higher amounts of polyphenols (i.e., propolis, Verbascum thapsus L., and Thymus vulgaris L.), together with the inorganic long chain polyphosphates 'polyPs' with antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal behaviours, against SARS-CoV-2, FLU-A, RSV-A, Gram positive/ negative bacteria and fungi (i.e., Candida albicans). These components synergistically exert an immunomodulatory action by enhancing those processes involved in innate immune response (e.g., cytokines: IFNγ, TNFα, IL-10, IL-6/12; chemokines: CXCL1; antimicrobial peptides: HBD-2, LL-37; complement system: C3). CONCLUSION The prophylactic antimicrobial success of this nutraceutical formula against SARS-CoV-2, FLU-A and RSV-A viruses, together with the common bacteria and fungi co-infections as present in human oral cavity, is expected to be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ferrucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- Elysium Cell Bio Ita, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Miceli
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Orazio Bianco
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Castaldo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Luana Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marica Cozzolino
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Oglio
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Polcaro
- Polcaro Fitopreparazioni S.R.L, Via Sant Agnello, 9 D; 80030, Roccarainola, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Randazzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
- UOC of Virology and Microbiology, University Hospital of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Zollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- Elysium Cell Bio Ita, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- DAI Medicina di Laboratorio e Trasfusionale, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Hernández-Sarmiento LJ, Valdés-López JF, Urcuqui-Inchima S. Zika virus infection suppresses CYP24A1 and CAMP expression in human monocytes. Arch Virol 2024; 169:135. [PMID: 38839691 PMCID: PMC11153301 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Monocytes are the primary targets of Zika virus (ZIKV) and are associated with ZIKV pathogenesis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for ZIKV infection. It is known that 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (VitD3) has strong antiviral activity in dengue virus-infected macrophages, but it is unknown whether VitD3 inhibits ZIKV infection in monocytes. We investigated the relationship between ZIKV infection and the expression of genes of the VitD3 pathway, as well as the inflammatory response of infected monocytes in vitro. ZIKV replication was evaluated using a plaque assay, and VitD3 pathway gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR. Pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were quantified using ELISA. We found that VitD3 did not suppress ZIKV replication. The results showed a significant decrease in the expression of vitamin D3 receptor (VDR), cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1), and cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) genes upon ZIKV infection. Treatment with VitD3 was unable to down-modulate production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, except TNF-α, and chemokines. This suggests that ZIKV infection inhibits the expression of VitD3 pathway genes, thereby preventing VitD3-dependent inhibition of viral replication and the inflammatory response. This is the first study to examine the effects of VitD3 in the context of ZIKV infection, and it has important implications for the role of VitD3 in the control of viral replication and inflammatory responses during monocyte infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Felipe Valdés-López
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Silvio Urcuqui-Inchima
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
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Karaaslan C, Wirz O, Tan G, Globinska A, Boonpiyathad T, Hedman K, Vaselek S, Venermo MS, Jartti T, Akdis M, Akdis CA. B cell immune response to human bocaviruses. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:388-401. [PMID: 38321724 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bocaviruses (HBoVs) have been demonstrated in respiratory and gastrointestinal infections; however, the immune response to them has not been studied in detail. In this study, we investigated the B cell immune responses to HBoV1 and HBoV2, representing two different species of bocaviruses in humans. METHODS We analyzed the effects of stimulations with HBoV1 and 2 virus-like particles (VLPs) and of co-stimulation with HBoV1-rhinovirus (RV) on cells of the immune system by flow cytometry, transcriptomics, and luminometric immune assays. RESULTS Human B cells, and particularly B regulatory cells (Breg cells), showed an increased immune response to HBoV1-VLPs stimulation. These immune responses were also supported by increased IL-1RA and PDL1 expressions in IL-10+ B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with HBoV1-VLPs. In addition, increased levels of IL-10 and IL-1RA were determined in the supernatants of PBMCs following HBoV1-VLPs stimulation. HBoV1-VLPs and RV co-stimulation increased the IL-10+ B cell population. Transcriptome analysis by next-generation RNA sequencing showed an increased expression of IL-10 signalling and Breg cell markers in PBMCs stimulated with HBoV1-VLPs. Furthermore, TGF-β and chemoattractants MIP-1α, MIP-1β and IP10 protein levels were high in the supernatants of PBMCs stimulated with HBoV1-VLPs. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that in Breg cells, IL-10 signalling pathways, and anti-inflammatory activity are induced by HBoV1, which can explain the often mild nature of the disease. In addition, the immune regulatory response induced by HBoV1-VLPs may indicate a potential immunomodulatory role of HBoV1 on the immune system and may represent an immune regulatory strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagatay Karaaslan
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Molecular Biology Section, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oliver Wirz
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ge Tan
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Anna Globinska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tadech Boonpiyathad
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Hedman
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki University Hospital Diagnostics Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Slavica Vaselek
- Molecular Biology Section, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Tuomas Jartti
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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9
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Hill BD, Zak AJ, Raja S, Bugada LF, Rizvi SM, Roslan SB, Nguyen HN, Chen J, Jiang H, Ono A, Goldstein DR, Wen F. iGATE analysis improves the interpretability of single-cell immune landscape of influenza infection. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e172140. [PMID: 38814732 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza poses a persistent health burden worldwide. To design equitable vaccines effective across all demographics, it is essential to better understand how host factors such as genetic background and aging affect the single-cell immune landscape of influenza infection. Cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) represents a promising technique in this pursuit, but interpreting its large, high-dimensional data remains difficult. We have developed a new analytical approach, in silico gating annotating training elucidating (iGATE), based on probabilistic support vector machine classification. By rapidly and accurately "gating" tens of millions of cells in silico into user-defined types, iGATE enabled us to track 25 canonical immune cell types in mouse lung over the course of influenza infection. Applying iGATE to study effects of host genetic background, we show that the lower survival of C57BL/6 mice compared with BALB/c was associated with a more rapid accumulation of inflammatory cell types and decreased IL-10 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the most prominent effect of aging is a defective T cell response, reducing survival of aged mice. Finally, iGATE reveals that the 25 canonical immune cell types exhibited differential influenza infection susceptibility and replication permissiveness in vivo, but neither property varied with host genotype or aging. The software is available at https://github.com/UmichWenLab/iGATE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Judy Chen
- Program in Immunology
- Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Akira Ono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Fei Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
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10
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Wardhani K, Yazzie S, McVeigh C, Edeh O, Grimes M, Jacquez Q, Dixson C, Barr E, Liu R, Bolt AM, Feng C, Zychowski KE. Systemic immunological responses are dependent on sex and ovarian hormone presence following acute inhaled woodsmoke exposure. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:27. [PMID: 38797836 PMCID: PMC11129474 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rural regions of the western United States have experienced a noticeable surge in both the frequency and severity of acute wildfire events, which brings significant challenges to both public safety and environmental conservation efforts, with impacts felt globally. Identifying factors contributing to immune dysfunction, including endocrinological phenotypes, is essential to understanding how hormones may influence toxicological susceptibility. METHODS This exploratory study utilized male and female C57BL/6 mice as in vivo models to investigate distinct responses to acute woodsmoke (WS) exposure with a focus on sex-based differences. In a second set of investigations, two groups were established within the female mouse cohort. In one group, mice experienced ovariectomy (OVX) to simulate an ovarian hormone-deficient state similar to surgical menopause, while the other group received Sham surgery as controls, to investigate the mechanistic role of ovarian hormone presence in driving immune dysregulation following acute WS exposure. Each experimental cohort followed a consecutive 2-day protocol with daily 4-h exposure intervals under two conditions: control HEPA-filtered air (FA) and acute WS to simulate an acute wildfire episode. RESULTS Metals analysis of WS particulate matter (PM) revealed significantly increased levels of 63Cu, 182W, 208Pb, and 238U, compared to filtered air (FA) controls, providing insights into the specific metal components most impacted by the changing dynamics of wildfire occurrences in the region. Male and female mice exhibited diverse patterns in lung mRNA cytokine expression following WS exposure, with males showing downregulation and females displaying upregulation, notably for IL-1β, TNF-α, CXCL-1, CCL-5, TGF-β, and IL-6. After acute WS exposure, there were notable differences in the responses of macrophages, neutrophils, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytokines IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Significant diverse alterations were observed in BAL cytokines, specifically IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as in the populations of immune cells, such as macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, in both Sham and OVX mice, following acute WS exposure. These findings elucidated the profound influence of hormonal changes on inflammatory outcomes, delineating substantial sex-related differences in immune activation and revealing altered immune responses in OVX mice due to ovarian hormone deficiency. In addition, the flow cytometry analysis highlighted the complex interaction between OVX surgery, acute WS exposure, and their collective impact on immune cell populations within the hematopoietic bone marrow niche. CONCLUSIONS In summary, both male and female mice, alongside females subjected to OVX and those who had sham surgery, exhibit significant variations in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, lung mRNA gene expression, and related functional networks linked to signaling pathways. These differences potentially act as mediators of sex-specific and hormonal influences in the systemic inflammatory response to acute WS exposure during a wildfire event. Understanding the regulatory roles of genes expressed differentially under environmental stressors holds considerable implications, aiding in identifying sex-specific therapeutic targets for addressing acute lung inflammation and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Wardhani
- College of Nursing, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group (B-TEK), Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Sydnee Yazzie
- College of Nursing, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Charlotte McVeigh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Onamma Edeh
- College of Nursing, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Martha Grimes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Quiteria Jacquez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Connor Dixson
- College of Nursing, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Edward Barr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Alicia M Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Changjian Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Katherine E Zychowski
- College of Nursing, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
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11
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Solstad AD, Denz PJ, Kenney AD, Mahfooz NS, Speaks S, Gong Q, Robinson RT, Long ME, Forero A, Yount JS, Hemann EA. IFN-λ uniquely promotes CD8 T cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 relative to type I IFN. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e171830. [PMID: 38973611 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Optimization of protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 remains an urgent worldwide priority. In this regard, type III IFN (IFN-λ) restricts SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, and treatment with IFN-λ limits infection, inflammation, and pathogenesis in murine models. Furthermore, IFN-λ has been developed for clinical use to limit COVID-19 severity. However, whether endogenous IFN-λ signaling has an effect on SARS-CoV-2 antiviral immunity and long-term immune protection in vivo is unknown. In this study, we identified a requirement for IFN-λ signaling in promoting viral clearance and protective immune programming in SARS-CoV-2 infection of mice. Expression of both IFN and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) in the lungs were minimally affected by the absence of IFN-λ signaling and correlated with transient increases in viral titers. We found that IFN-λ supported the generation of protective CD8 T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 by facilitating accumulation of CD103+ DC in lung draining lymph nodes (dLN). IFN-λ signaling specifically in DCs promoted the upregulation of costimulatory molecules and the proliferation of CD8 T cells. Intriguingly, antigen-specific CD8 T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 was independent of type I IFN signaling, revealing a nonredundant function of IFN-λ. Overall, these studies demonstrate a critical role for IFN-λ in protective innate and adaptive immunity upon infection with SARS-CoV-2 and suggest that IFN-λ serves as an immune adjuvant to support CD8 T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail D Solstad
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Parker J Denz
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam D Kenney
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Najmus S Mahfooz
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Samuel Speaks
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Qiaoke Gong
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Richard T Robinson
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew E Long
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Adriana Forero
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and
| | - Jacob S Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Emily A Hemann
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and
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12
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Saleh RO, Jasim SA, Kadhum WR, Hjazi A, Faraz A, Abid MK, Yumashev A, Alawadi A, Aiad IAZ, Alsalamy A. Exploring the detailed role of interleukins in cancer: A comprehensive review of literature. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155284. [PMID: 38663179 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The cancer cells that are not normal can grow into tumors, invade surrounding tissues, and travel to other parts of the body via the lymphatic or circulatory systems. Interleukins, a vital class of signaling proteins, facilitate cell-to-cell contact within the immune system. A type of non-coding RNA known as lncRNAs mediates its actions by regulating miRNA-mRNA roles (Interleukins). Because of their dual function in controlling the growth of tumors and altering the immune system's response to cancer cells, interleukins have been extensively studied concerning cancer. Understanding the complex relationships between interleukins, the immune system, the tumor microenvironment, and the components of interleukin signaling pathways that impact the miRNA-mRNA axis, including lncRNAs, has advanced significantly in cancer research. Due to the significant and all-encompassing influence of interleukins on the immune system and the development and advancement of cancers, lncRNAs play a crucial role in cancer research by modulating interleukins. Their diverse effects on immune system regulation, tumor growth encouragement, and tumor inhibition make them appealing candidates for potential cancer treatments and diagnostics. A deeper understanding of the relationship between the biology of interleukin and lncRNAs will likely result in more effective immunotherapy strategies and individualized cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Pharmacy Department, Al-Huda University College, Anbar, Iraq; Biotechnology Department, College of Applied Science, Fallujah University, Anbar, Iraq.
| | - Wesam R Kadhum
- Department of Pharmacy, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq; Advanced Research Center, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Faraz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Kadhem Abid
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health & Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Alexey Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed Zaki Aiad
- Department of Pediatrics, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
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13
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Finnegan D, Mechoud MA, FitzGerald JA, Beresford T, Mathur H, Cotter PD, Loscher C. Novel Fermentates Can Enhance Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1212. [PMID: 38674902 PMCID: PMC11053696 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented foods have long been known to have immunomodulatory capabilities, and fermentates derived from the lactic acid bacteria of dairy products can modulate the immune system. We have used skimmed milk powder to generate novel fermentates using Lb. helveticus strains SC234 and SC232 and we demonstrate here that these fermentates can enhance key immune mechanisms that are critical to the immune response to viruses. We show that our novel fermentates, SC234 and SC232, can positively impact on cytokine and chemokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, cell surface marker expression, and phagocytosis in macrophage models. We demonstrate that the fermentates SC234 and SC232 increase the secretion of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-27, and IL-10; promote an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype for viral immunity via NO induction; decrease chemokine expression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP); increase cell surface marker expression; and enhance phagocytosis in comparison to their starting material. These data suggest that these novel fermentates have potential as novel functional food ingredients for the treatment, management, and control of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dearbhla Finnegan
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (D.F.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (P.D.C.)
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Glasnevin Campus, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Monica A. Mechoud
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (D.F.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Jamie A. FitzGerald
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (D.F.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (P.D.C.)
- College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tom Beresford
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (D.F.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Harsh Mathur
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (D.F.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (D.F.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (P.D.C.)
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Institute, Biosciences Research Institute, University College Cork, T12 R229 Cork, Ireland
- VistaMilk, Teagasc, Moorepark, Shanacloon, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Christine Loscher
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Centre South (S2.79), University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland; (D.F.); (M.A.M.); (J.A.F.); (T.B.); (H.M.); (P.D.C.)
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Glasnevin Campus, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Islam F, Habib S, Badruddza K, Rahman M, Islam MR, Sultana S, Nessa A. The Association of Cytokines IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10 With the Disease Severity of COVID-19: A Study From Bangladesh. Cureus 2024; 16:e57610. [PMID: 38707035 PMCID: PMC11069400 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinically, the early prediction of the severity of COVID-19 is often challenging, as a dramatic change in severity can occur without warning. The severity of COVID-19 disease is associated with an increased level of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the levels of cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and IL-10 with the severity of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 60 confirmed cases of COVID-19, comprising 30 severe cases (Group A) and 30 non-severe cases (Group B), and 10 healthy individuals (Group C) attending Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from March 2021 to February 2022. The cytokine assay was performed using the human Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine kit BD cytometric bead array (CBA) on the BD Accuri C6 Plus flow cytometer. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23 (Released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York). Results The mean ages of the patients in Groups A, B, and C were 60.73±5.97, 57.13±7.68, and 48.10±9.13 years, respectively, with a male predominance in all groups. The mean IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels had a positive correlation with the increased age group and male gender, although it was not statistically significant. The mean IL-6 and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher among severe cases (216.95±147.78 and 0.98±0.95 pg/mL, respectively) compared to non-severe cases (94.29±128.79 and 0.41±0.61 pg/mL, respectively) and healthy individuals (1.08±1.97 and 0.15±0.28 pg/mL, respectively). Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was also significantly higher among severe cases (17.92±21.87 pg/mL) compared to non-severe cases (5.38±6.73 pg/mL) and healthy individuals (1.62±1.65 pg/mL). Conclusion IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-10 have a significant association with the severity of COVID-19 disease. Clinicians treating patients with COVID-19 can consider the level of these cytokines as biomarkers of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Islam
- Division of Laboratory Service, Sheikh Hasina National Institute of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Shahriar Habib
- Department of Microbiology, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College, Barishal, BGD
| | - Khaja Badruddza
- Department of Biochemistry, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College, Barishal, BGD
| | - Mahatabur Rahman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheikh Russel National Gastro-Liver Institute, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Mohammad R Islam
- Department of Anesthesia, Mainamoti Medical College and Hospital, Cumilla, BGD
| | - Sharmin Sultana
- Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Afzalun Nessa
- Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujjib Medical University, Dhaka, BGD
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15
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Bandyszewska M, Ambrożek-Latecka M, Hoser G, Grzanka M, Hornung F, Deinhardt-Emmer S, Skirecki T. SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle variants alpha and delta mimic the native viruses in their differential inflammasome activating potential. Antiviral Res 2024; 224:105857. [PMID: 38453031 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants are evolving to evade human immunity and differ in their pathogenicity. While evasion of the variants from adaptive immunity is widely investigated, there is a paucity of knowledge about their interactions with innate immunity. Inflammasome assembly is one of the most potent mechanisms of the early innate response to viruses, but when it is inappropriate, it can perpetuate tissue damage. In this study, we focused on the capacity of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. We compared the macrophage activation, particularly the inflammasome formation, using Alpha- and Delta-spike virus-like particles (VLPs). We found that VLPs of both variants activated the inflammasome even without a priming step. Delta-spike VLPs had a significantly stronger effect on triggering pyroptosis and inflammasome assembly in THP-1 macrophages than did Alfa-spike VLPs. Cells treated with Delta VLPs showed greater cleavage of caspase-1 and IL-1β release. Furthermore, Delta VLPs induced stronger cytokine secretion from macrophages and caused essential impairment of mitochondrial respiration in comparison to Alpha VLPs. Additionally, infection of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages with the SARS-CoV-2 variants confirmed the observations in VLPs. Collectively, we revealed that SARS-CoV-2 Delta had a greater impact on the inflammasome activation, cell death and mitochondrial respiration in macrophages than did the Alpha variant. Importantly, the differential response to the SARS-CoV-2 variants can influence the efficacy of therapies targeting the host's innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Bandyszewska
- Department of Translational Immunology and Experimental Intensive Care, Centre of Translational Research, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ambrożek-Latecka
- Department of Translational Immunology and Experimental Intensive Care, Centre of Translational Research, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Hoser
- Department of Translational Immunology and Experimental Intensive Care, Centre of Translational Research, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grzanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Translational Research, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Franziska Hornung
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, Germany
| | | | - Tomasz Skirecki
- Department of Translational Immunology and Experimental Intensive Care, Centre of Translational Research, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
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16
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Maguire C, Wang C, Ramasamy A, Fonken C, Morse B, Lopez N, Wylie D, Melamed E. Molecular Mimicry as a Mechanism of Viral Immune Evasion and Autoimmunity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.08.583134. [PMID: 38496443 PMCID: PMC10942439 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.583134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Mimicry of host protein structures ("molecular mimicry") is a common mechanism employed by viruses to evade the host's immune system. To date, studies have primarily evaluated molecular mimicry in the context of full protein structural mimics. However, recent work has demonstrated that short linear amino acid (AA) molecular mimics can elicit cross-reactive antibodies and T-cells from the host, which may contribute to development and progression of autoimmunity. Despite this, the prevalence of molecular mimics throughout the human virome has not been fully explored. In this study, we evaluate 134 human infecting viruses and find significant usage of linear mimicry across the virome, particularly those in the herpesviridae and poxviridae families. Furthermore, we identify that proteins involved in cellular replication and inflammation, those expressed from autosomes, the X chromosome, and in thymic cells are over-enriched in viral mimicry. Finally, we demonstrate that short linear mimicry from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is significantly higher in auto-antibodies found in multiple sclerosis patients to a greater degree than previously appreciated. Our results demonstrate that human-infecting viruses frequently leverage mimicry in the course of their infection, point to substantial evolutionary pressure for mimicry, and highlight mimicry's important role in human autoimmunity. Clinically, our findings could translate to development of novel therapeutic strategies that target viral infections linked to autoimmunity, with the goal of eliminating disease-associated latent viruses and preventing their reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Maguire
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Neurology
| | - Chumeng Wang
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Neurology
| | | | - Cara Fonken
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Neurology
| | - Brinkley Morse
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Neurology
| | - Nathan Lopez
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Neurology
| | - Dennis Wylie
- The University of Texas at Austin, Center for Biomedical Research Support
| | - Esther Melamed
- The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Neurology
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17
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Feketea G, Vassilopoulou E, Andreescu O, Berghea EC, Pop RM, Sabin O, Zdrenghea M, Bocsan IC. Vitamin D Level and Immune Modulation in Children with Recurrent Wheezing. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:219. [PMID: 38397331 PMCID: PMC10888088 DOI: 10.3390/children11020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM A direct causal relationship between vitamin D (vit D) deficiency and recurrent wheezing has not been proven. The present study investigated the role of vit D in enhancing the risk of asthma or recurrent wheezing by modifying the intensity of the inflammatory process. MATERIAL AND METHOD Forty children with wheezing presenting at the emergency service and sixteen healthy control subjects were included in the study. Children with wheezing were either in the first episode (20) or with recurrent wheezing (20). Children with chronic diseases, and other conditions that present with acute wheezing or that might influence the vit D level, were excluded. Blood samples were taken at presentation and 3-6 months later, to evaluate the serum levels of total IgE, vit D, IL-10 and IL-31. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 25 program, with a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The vit D level was lower in patients with recurrent wheezing compared with those with a single episode and with the control group, and this increased with time. IL-10 was significantly higher in children with wheezing than in the control group, with the highest values in those with an acute episode of wheezing. IL-31 was higher in children with recurrent wheezing than in those with a first episode only at the initial point, while at the final time point it was lower. Low levels of vit D appear to be detected more frequently in recurrent wheezing than in simple wheezing. Immune modulation, as measured by Th2 status reflected by IL-10 and IL-31 levels, appears to depend on the wheezing phenotype and on the general health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavriela Feketea
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.F.); (R.M.P.); (O.S.); (I.C.B.)
- Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, “Karamandaneio” Children’s Hospital of Patra, 26331 Patras, Greece
| | - Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Oana Andreescu
- Fundamental, Prophylactic and Clinical Specialties Department, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania;
| | - Elena Camelia Berghea
- Department of Pediatrics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Pediatrics, “Marie S. Curie” Emergency Children’s Clinical Hospital, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.F.); (R.M.P.); (O.S.); (I.C.B.)
| | - Octavia Sabin
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.F.); (R.M.P.); (O.S.); (I.C.B.)
| | - Mihnea Zdrenghea
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Str., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii Str., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Corina Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.F.); (R.M.P.); (O.S.); (I.C.B.)
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Yilma AN, Sahu R, Subbarayan P, Villinger F, Coats MT, Singh SR, Dennis VA. PLGA-Chitosan Encapsulated IL-10 Nanoparticles Modulate Chlamydia Inflammation in Mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1287-1301. [PMID: 38348174 PMCID: PMC10860865 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s432970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key anti-inflammatory mediator in protecting host from over-exuberant responses to pathogens and play important roles in wound healing, autoimmunity, cancer, and homeostasis. However, its application as a therapeutic agent for biomedical applications has been limited due to its short biological half-life. Therefore, it is important to prolong the half-life of IL-10 to replace the current therapeutic application, which relies on administering large and repeated dosages. Therefore, not a cost-effective approach. Thus, studies that aim to address this type of challenges are always in need. Methods Recombinant IL-10 was encapsulated in biodegradable nanoparticles (Poly-(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) and Chitosan)) by the double emulsion method and then characterized for size, surface charge, thermal stability, cytotoxicity, in vitro release, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy as well as evaluated for its anti-inflammatory effects. Bioactivity of encapsulated IL-10 was evaluated in vitro using J774A.1 macrophage cell-line and in vivo using BALB/c mice. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) were quantified from culture supernatants using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and significance was analyzed using ANOVA. Results We obtained a high 96% encapsulation efficiency with smooth encapsulated IL-10 nanoparticles of ~100-150 nm size and release from nanoparticles as measurable to 22 days. Our result demonstrated that encapsulated IL-10 was biocompatible and functional by reducing the inflammatory responses induced by LPS in macrophages. Of significance, we also proved the functionality of encapsulated IL-10 by its capacity to reduce inflammation in BALB/c mice as provoked by Chlamydia trachomatis, an inflammatory sexually transmitted infectious bacterium. Discussion Collectively, our results show the successful IL-10 encapsulation, slow release to prolong its biological half-life and reduce inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF production in vitro and in mice. Our results serve as proof of concept to further explore the therapeutic prospective of encapsulated IL-10 for biomedical applications, including inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abebayehu N Yilma
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Rajnish Sahu
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Praseetha Subbarayan
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Francois Villinger
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, USA
| | - Mamie T Coats
- Department of Clinical and Diagnostics Sciences, School of Health Professionals, The University at Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shree R Singh
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
| | - Vida A Dennis
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, USA
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19
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Situmorang PC, Ilyas S, Syahputra RA, Nugraha AP, Putri MSS, Rumahorbo CGP. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. (haramonting) protects against allethrin-exposed pulmo damage in rats: mechanistic interleukins. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1343936. [PMID: 38379903 PMCID: PMC10877004 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1343936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhaling Allethrin (C19H26O3) may induce oxidative stress in lung cells by causing the formation of free radi-cals. Interleukins (IL) are a group of secreted cytokines or proteins and signaling molecules initially produced as an immune response by leukocytes. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. (haramonting) contains antioxidants that may prevent lung damage induced by allethrin-containing electric mosquito repellents. In this study, six groups of rats were exposed to allethrin via an electric mosquito repellent, including positive, negative, and comparison control groups and three groups were administered Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk at 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW. After 30 days, the pulmonary tissue and the blood were taken for immunohisto-chemical and ELISA analysis. The accumulation of inflammatory cells causes the thickening of the alveolar wall structures. Injuries were more prevalent in the A+ group than in the other groups. The connection between the alveoli and blood capillaries, which can interfere with alveolar gas exchange, is not regulated, and the lu-minal morphology is aberrant, causing damage to the alveolar epithelial cells. Exposure to electric mosquito coils containing allethrin can increase the expression of interleukin-1, interleukin-8, interleukin-9, and interleu-kin-18 in blood serum and tissues while decreasing the expression of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10. Like the Vitamin C group, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa can increase alveolar histological alterations by decreasing the ex-pression of IL-1β, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-18 while increasing IL-6 and IL-10. So that this plant can be developed in the future as a drug to prevent lung harm from exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putri Cahaya Situmorang
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Syafruddin Ilyas
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Rony Abdi Syahputra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Alexander Patera Nugraha
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mimmy Sari Syah Putri
- Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
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20
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Peña-Valencia K, Riaño W, Herrera-Diaz M, López L, Marín D, Gonzalez S, Agudelo-García O, Rodríguez-Sabogal IA, Vélez L, Rueda ZV, Keynan Y. Markers of Inflammation, Tissue Damage, and Fibrosis in Individuals Diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Pneumonia: A Cohort Study. Pathogens 2024; 13:84. [PMID: 38251391 PMCID: PMC10820350 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have noted that persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience persistent lung dysfunction after an episode of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that inflammation during pneumonia triggers increased tissue damage and accelerated pulmonary fibrosis, resulting in a gradual loss of lung function. We carried out a prospective cohort study of people diagnosed with CAP and/or HIV between 2016 and 2018 in three clinical institutions in Medellín, Colombia. Clinical data, blood samples, and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were collected at baseline. Forty-one patients were included, divided into two groups: HIV and CAP (n = 17) and HIV alone (n = 24). We compared the concentrations of 17 molecules and PFT values between the groups. Patients with HIV and pneumonia presented elevated levels of cytokines and chemokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-1RA, IL-10, IP-10, MCP-1, and MIP-1β) compared to those with only HIV. A marked pulmonary dysfunction was evidenced by significant reductions in FEF25, FEF25-75, and FEV1. The correlation between these immune mediators and lung function parameters supports the connection between pneumonia-associated inflammation and end organ lung dysfunction. A low CD4 cell count (<200 cells/μL) predicted inflammation and lung dysfunction. These results underscore the need for targeted clinical approaches to mitigate the adverse impacts of CAP on lung function in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Peña-Valencia
- Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (W.R.); (L.L.); (D.M.); (Z.V.R.)
- Grupo Bacterias & Cáncer, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
| | - Will Riaño
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (W.R.); (L.L.); (D.M.); (Z.V.R.)
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
| | - Mariana Herrera-Diaz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.H.-D.); (S.G.)
| | - Lucelly López
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (W.R.); (L.L.); (D.M.); (Z.V.R.)
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Diana Marín
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (W.R.); (L.L.); (D.M.); (Z.V.R.)
- School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Sandra Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.H.-D.); (S.G.)
- JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Center, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3L5, Canada
| | - Olga Agudelo-García
- Grupo Bacterias & Cáncer, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
| | - Iván Arturo Rodríguez-Sabogal
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
- Infectious Diseases Section, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
| | - Lázaro Vélez
- Infectious Diseases Section, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
| | - Zulma Vanessa Rueda
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (W.R.); (L.L.); (D.M.); (Z.V.R.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.H.-D.); (S.G.)
| | - Yoav Keynan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.H.-D.); (S.G.)
- Grupo Investigador de Problemas en Enfermedades Infecciosas-GRIPE, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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21
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Chen X, Zhu D, Zhang F, Li O, Yang F, Bao Z. Exposure to triphenyltin impairs gut integrity, disturbs gut microbiota, and alters fecal metabolites. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115753. [PMID: 38043414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyltin is an environmental contaminant widely used in antifouling paints and can cause toxicity in various organs in living organisms. However, its effects on intestinal function and the microbiome of the gut remain unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the intestinal toxicity of triphenyltin in mice by orally administering 0, 1.875, 3.75, and 7.5 mg/Kg to adult male mice for 8 weeks. Results showed that triphenyltin caused ileum tissue damage, induced oxidative stress, upregulated inflammation-related gene expression and increased serum tumor-necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels in mice. Triphenyltin impaired ileum barrier function by downregulating Muc2, ZO-1, Occludin and their protein levels at 3.75 and 7.5 mg/Kg. TPT exposure led to partial inflammation and decreased mucin mRNA expression in the colon. Triphenyltin altered intestinal micro-ecological balance and fecal metabolome in mice. In conclusion, triphenyltin alters the mouse gut microbiota and fecal metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghui Zhu
- The Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ouyang Li
- Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhijun Bao
- Department of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Shanghai, China, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Tomal F, Sausset A, Le Vern Y, Sedano L, Techer C, Lacroix-Lamandé S, Laurent F, Silvestre A, Bussière FI. Microbiota promotes recruitment and pro-inflammatory response of caecal macrophages during E. tenella infection. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:65. [PMID: 38098020 PMCID: PMC10720127 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eimeria genus belongs to the apicomplexan parasite phylum and is responsible for coccidiosis, an intestinal disease with a major economic impact on poultry production. Eimeria tenella is one of the most virulent species in chickens. In a previous study, we showed a negative impact of caecal microbiota on the physiopathology of this infection. However, the mechanism by which microbiota leads to the physiopathology remained undetermined. Macrophages play a key role in inflammatory processes and their interaction with the microbiota during E. tenella infection have never been investigated. We therefore examined the impact of microbiota on macrophages during E. tenella infection. Macrophages were monitored in caecal tissues by immunofluorescence staining with KUL01 antibody in non-infected and infected germ-free and conventional chickens. Caecal cells were isolated, stained, analyzed and sorted to examine their gene expression using high-throughput qPCR. RESULTS We demonstrated that microbiota was essential for caecal macrophage recruitment in E. tenella infection. Furthermore, microbiota promoted a pro-inflammatory transcriptomic profile of macrophages characterized by increased gene expression of NOS2, ACOD1, PTGS2, TNFα, IL1β, IL6, IL8L1, IL8L2 and CCL20 in infected chickens. Administration of caecal microbiota from conventional chickens to germ-free infected chickens partially restored macrophage recruitment and response. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggest that the microbiota enhances the physiopathology of this infection through macrophage recruitment and activation. Consequently, strategies involving modulation of the gut microbiota may lead to attenuation of the macrophage-mediated inflammatory response, thereby limiting the negative clinical outcome of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tomal
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France
- MixScience, 35170, Bruz, France
| | - A Sausset
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Y Le Vern
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - L Sedano
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | - F Laurent
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - A Silvestre
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - F I Bussière
- INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR ISP, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
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Peng C, Zhang Y, Chen L, Li Z, Lv P, Wang P, Li N, Wang F. Bacillus subtilis expressing duck Tembusu virus E protein induces immune protection in ducklings. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106419. [PMID: 37866549 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is an infectious disease that emerged in China in 2010. It has caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry and may pose a threat to public health. We aimed to develop a new Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis)-based oral vaccine to control DTMUV transmission among poultry; to this end, we constructed a B. subtilis strain that can secrete DTMUV E protein. Ducklings were orally immunized, and serum antibodies, mucosal antibodies, and splenic cytokines were detected. The results showed that, in addition to high levels of specific IgG, there were also high levels of specific secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in ducklings orally treated with recombinant B. subtilis. In addition, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 in spleens were significantly boosted by recombinant B. subtilis. Recombinant B. subtilis could effectively enhance ducklings resistance to DTMUV and significantly reduce viral load (p<0.01), along with pathological damage in the brain, heart, and spleen. This is the first study to apply a B. subtilis live-vector vaccine platform for DTMUV disease prevention and control, and our results suggest that B. subtilis expressing DTMUV E protein may be a candidate vaccine against DTMUV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Peng
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Penghao Lv
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ning Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fangkun Wang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, Shandong Province, China.
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Shih LJ, Yang CC, Liao MT, Lu KC, Hu WC, Lin CP. An important call: Suggestion of using IL-10 as therapeutic agent for COVID-19 with ARDS and other complications. Virulence 2023; 14:2190650. [PMID: 36914565 PMCID: PMC10026935 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2190650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a detrimental impact on public health. COVID-19 usually manifests as pneumonia, which can progress into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to uncontrolled TH17 immune reaction. Currently, there is no effective therapeutic agent to manage COVID-19 with complications. The currently available anti-viral drug remdesivir has an effectiveness of 30% in SARS-CoV-2-induced severe complications. Thus, there is a need to identify effective agents to treat COVID-19 and the associated acute lung injury and other complications. The host immunological pathway against this virus typically involves the THαβ immune response. THαβ immunity is triggered by type 1 interferon and interleukin-27 (IL-27), and the main effector cells of the THαβ immune response are IL10-CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, NK cells, and IgG1-producing B cells. In particular, IL-10 exerts a potent immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory effect and is an anti-fibrotic agent for pulmonary fibrosis. Concurrently, IL-10 can ameliorate acute lung injury or ARDS, especially those caused by viruses. Owing to its anti-viral activity and anti-pro-inflammatory effects, in this review, IL-10 is suggested as a possible treatment agent for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jane Shih
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chun Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chung Hu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pei Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- h Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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25
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Moniruzzaman M, Rahman MA, Wang R, Wong KY, Chen ACH, Mueller A, Taylor S, Harding A, Illankoon T, Wiid P, Sajiir H, Schreiber V, Burr LD, McGuckin MA, Phipps S, Hasnain SZ. Interleukin-22 suppresses major histocompatibility complex II in mucosal epithelial cells. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20230106. [PMID: 37695525 PMCID: PMC10494524 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II is dynamically expressed on mucosal epithelial cells and is induced in response to inflammation and parasitic infections, upon exposure to microbiota, and is increased in chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the regulation of epithelial cell-specific MHC II during homeostasis is yet to be explored. We discovered a novel role for IL-22 in suppressing epithelial cell MHC II partially via the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, using animals lacking the interleukin-22-receptor (IL-22RA1), primary human and murine intestinal and respiratory organoids, and murine models of respiratory virus infection or with intestinal epithelial cell defects. IL-22 directly downregulated interferon-γ-induced MHC II on primary epithelial cells by modulating the expression of MHC II antigen A α (H2-Aα) and Class II transactivator (Ciita), a master regulator of MHC II gene expression. IL-22RA1-knockouts have significantly higher MHC II expression on mucosal epithelial cells. Thus, while IL-22-based therapeutics improve pathology in chronic disease, their use may increase susceptibility to viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Moniruzzaman
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M. Arifur Rahman
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ran Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kuan Yau Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alice C.-H. Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alexandra Mueller
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Steven Taylor
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alexa Harding
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thishan Illankoon
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Percival Wiid
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Haressh Sajiir
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Veronika Schreiber
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lucy D. Burr
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Mater Health, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael A. McGuckin
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Respiratory Immunology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Australia
| | - Sumaira Z. Hasnain
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Immunopathology Group, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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26
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Louloudes-Lázaro A, Rojas JM, García-García I, Rodríguez-Martín D, Morel E, Martín V, Sevilla N. Comprehensive immune profiling reveals that Orbivirus infection activates immune checkpoints during acute T cell immunosuppression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1255803. [PMID: 37920474 PMCID: PMC10619675 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1255803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an arbovirus transmitted by the bite of infected Culicoides midges that affects domestic and wild ruminants producing great economic losses. The infection induces an IFN response, followed by an adaptive immune response that is essential in disease clearance. BTV can nonetheless impair IFN and humoral responses. The main goal of this study was to gain a more detailed understanding of BTV pathogenesis and its effects on immune cell populations. To this end, we combined flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses of several immune cells at different times post-infection (pi). Four sheep were infected with BTV serotype 8 and blood samples collected at days 0, 3, 7 and 15pi to perform transcriptomic analysis of B-cell marker+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD14+ sorted peripheral mononuclear cells. The maximum number of differentially expressed genes occurred at day 7pi, which coincided with the peak of infection. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that genes belonging to virus sensing and immune response initiation pathways were enriched at day 3 and 7 pi in all 4 cell population analyzed. Transcriptomic analysis also showed that at day 7pi T cell exhaustion pathway was enriched in CD4+ cells, while CD8+ cells downregulated immune response initiation pathways. T cell functional studies demonstrated that BTV produced an acute inhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation at the peak of replication. This coincided with PD-L1 upregulation on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as monocytes. Taken together, these data indicate that BTV could exploit the PD1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint to impair T cell responses. These findings identify several mechanisms in the interaction between host and BTV, which could help develop better tools to combat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Louloudes-Lázaro
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Rojas
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel García-García
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Unidad de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Rodríguez-Martín
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Morel
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Martín
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Sevilla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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27
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Champagne-Jorgensen K, Luong T, Darby T, Roach DR. Immunogenicity of bacteriophages. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:1058-1071. [PMID: 37198061 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of trillions of diverse bacteriophages (phages) peacefully thrive within and on the human body. However, whether and how phages influence their mammalian hosts is poorly understood. In this review, we explore current knowledge and present growing evidence that direct interactions between phages and mammalian cells often induce host inflammatory and antiviral immune responses. We show evidence that, like viruses of the eukaryotic host, phages are actively internalized by host cells and activate conserved viral detection receptors. This interaction often generates proinflammatory cytokine secretion and recruitment of adaptive immune programs. However, significant variability exists in phage-immune interactions, suggesting an important role for structural phage characteristics. The factors leading to the differential immunogenicity of phages remain largely unknown but are highly influenced by their human and bacterial hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Champagne-Jorgensen
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Tiffany Luong
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Taylor Darby
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Dwayne R Roach
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; Viral Information Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
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28
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Xu Y, Wang F, Mi K, Wang X, Wang D, Zhao Q, Wang J, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Zhang X, Liu X. Biglycan regulated colorectal cancer progress by modulating enteric neuron-derived IL-10 and abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. iScience 2023; 26:107515. [PMID: 37664615 PMCID: PMC10469580 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biglycan (BGN) is a proteoglycan with branch chains and highly expressed in enteric neurons in the tumor tissue of colorectal cancer (CRC), which is negatively associated with survival rates in patients with CRC. However, how the proteoglycan promotes the progress of CRC through interacting with bacteria and regulating the immune response of enteric neurons remains largely unknown. In the present study, we found that biglycan deficiency changed tumor distribution in a colitis-associated colon cancer model. Furthermore, we revealed that BGN deficiency inhibits tumor growth in an allograft tumor model and the migration of cancer cell by upregulating interleukin-10 expression in enteric neurons. Significantly, we demonstrated that biglycan deficiency enriched the abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron through competing with it for chondroitin sulfate to inhibit CRC progress. Our work provided new insights into the interaction between host proteoglycan and gut microbiota as well as the role of enteric neurons in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- The Affiliated Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Kai Mi
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Danlei Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xingyin Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology-Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Center of Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Bergantini L, d’Alessandro M, Gangi S, Bianchi F, Cameli P, Perea B, Meocci M, Fabbri G, Marrucci S, Ederbali M, Bargagli E. Predictive Role of Cytokine and Adipokine Panel in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: Evaluation of Disease Severity, Survival and Lung Sequelae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12994. [PMID: 37629176 PMCID: PMC10455616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may determine a multisystemic chronic syndrome after resolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a significant percentage of patients. Persistent cytokine dysregulation can contribute to long-lasting inflammation and tissue damage, resulting in the diverse, often debilitating symptoms experienced by some patients (so-called long COVID syndrome). The aim of our study was to evaluate the value of a panel of serum biomarkers of severity and prognosis in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and also as predictive factors for the development of post-COVID lung sequelae after discharge from the hospital. All blood sampling was performed in the first 24 h after admission to the hospital. Serum analyte concentrations of IL-4, IL-2, CXCL10 (IP-10), IL-1β, TNF-α, CCL2 (MCP-1), IL-17A, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-12p70 and TGF-β1 were quantified by bead-based multiplex LEGENDplex™ analysis and commercially available ELISA kits. A total of 108 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in the study. Comparative analysis of these proteins showed higher levels of TGF-β and IL-6 and lower levels of RBP-4 and IL-10 in the severe group. Age, adiponectin, IL-8 and IL-32 resulted as the best predictors for survival. Moreover, IL-1β, IL17A, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-4 and IL-6 were significantly higher in patients who showed HRCT evidence of fibrotic interstitial alterations at follow-up than patients who did not. The initial inflammatory status of patients on admission to the hospital with COVID-19, as reflected by the present panel of adipose tissue-related biomarkers and cytokines, offered insights into medium-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bergantini
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Miriana d’Alessandro
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Sara Gangi
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Francesco Bianchi
- Pneumology Department, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, “Misericordia” Hospital, 58100 Grosseto, Italy
| | - Paolo Cameli
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Beatrice Perea
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Martina Meocci
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Gaia Fabbri
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Sofia Marrucci
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Moftah Ederbali
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
| | - Elena Bargagli
- Respiratory Disease and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (M.d.); (S.G.); (E.B.)
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30
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Bao CJ, Duan JL, Xie Y, Feng XP, Cui W, Chen SY, Li PS, Liu YX, Wang JL, Wang GL, Lu WL. Bioorthogonal Engineered Virus-Like Nanoparticles for Efficient Gene Therapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:197. [PMID: 37572220 PMCID: PMC10423197 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01153-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy offers potentially transformative strategies for major human diseases. However, one of the key challenges in gene therapy is developing an effective strategy that could deliver genes into the specific tissue. Here, we report a novel virus-like nanoparticle, the bioorthgonal engineered virus-like recombinant biosome (reBiosome), for efficient gene therapies of cancer and inflammatory diseases. The mutant virus-like biosome (mBiosome) is first prepared by site-specific codon mutation for displaying 4-azido-L-phenylalanine on vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein of eBiosome at a rational site, and the reBiosome is then prepared by clicking weak acid-responsive hydrophilic polymer onto the mBiosome via bioorthogonal chemistry. The results show that the reBiosome exhibits reduced virus-like immunogenicity, prolonged blood circulation time and enhanced gene delivery efficiency to weakly acidic foci (like tumor and arthritic tissue). Furthermore, reBiosome demonstrates robust therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer and arthritis by delivering gene editing and silencing systems, respectively. In conclusion, this study develops a universal, safe and efficient platform for gene therapies for cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jie Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Lun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ping Feng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cui
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Systems, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Rybkina K, Bell JN, Bradley MC, Wohlbold T, Scafuro M, Meng W, Korenberg RC, Davis-Porada J, Anderson BR, Weller RJ, Milner JD, Moscona A, Porotto M, Luning Prak ET, Pethe K, Connors TJ, Farber DL. SARS-CoV-2 infection and recovery in children: Distinct T cell responses in MIS-C compared to COVID-19. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221518. [PMID: 37133746 PMCID: PMC10163842 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection for most children results in mild or minimal symptoms, though in rare cases severe disease can develop, including a multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) with myocarditis. Here, we present longitudinal profiling of immune responses during acute disease and following recovery in children who developed MIS-C, relative to children who experienced more typical symptoms of COVID-19. T cells in acute MIS-C exhibited transient signatures of activation, inflammation, and tissue residency which correlated with cardiac disease severity, while T cells in acute COVID-19 upregulated markers of follicular helper T cells for promoting antibody production. The resultant memory immune response in recovery showed increased frequencies of virus-specific memory T cells with pro-inflammatory functions in children with prior MIS-C compared to COVID-19 while both cohorts generated comparable antibody responses. Together our results reveal distinct effector and memory T cell responses in pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection delineated by clinical syndrome, and a potential role for tissue-derived T cells in the immune pathology of systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Rybkina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph N. Bell
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marissa C. Bradley
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Teddy Wohlbold
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marika Scafuro
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenzhao Meng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Korenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julia Davis-Porada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brett R. Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel J. Weller
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua D. Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Moscona
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matteo Porotto
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eline T. Luning Prak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kalpana Pethe
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas J. Connors
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donna L. Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Columbia Irving University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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32
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Zhou J, Yang F, Li H, Xu P, Wang Z, Shao F, Shao A, Zhang J. Regulatory T Cells Secrete IL10 to Suppress Neuroinflammation in Early Stage after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1317. [PMID: 37512128 PMCID: PMC10383056 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Accumulating evidence supports neuroprotective effects of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in response to brain injury. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of Tregs on suppressing neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remain unclear. Methods: We performed flow cytometry to detect the infiltration of Tregs into the brain at different time points after SAH. Behavioral tests, including Adhesive and Rotarod, were performed to assess neurological deficits in mice after SAH. Bulk RNA sequencing was used to investigate the transcriptomic change of Tregs infiltrating into the brain after SAH. qPCR was performed to verify the variation of inflammatory cytokines expression in the brain after Tregs exogenous infusion. FoxP3-DTR mice and Il10 gene KO mice were used to explore the mechanism of Tregs inhibiting neuron apoptosis after infiltrating the brain following SAH onset. Results: Peripheral Tregs infiltrated into the brain one day after SAH and gradually accumulated in the hemorrhagic hemisphere. An exogenous infusion of Tregs significantly improved the neurological function of mice after SAH, while poor recovery of neurological function was observed in Tregs depletion mice. Transcriptome sequencing data suggested that the immunosuppressive function of brain-infiltrated Tregs was significantly upregulated. qPCR showed that the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased in the brain of SAH mice after exogenous Tregs infusion. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that IL-10 and other cytokines secreted by brain-infiltrated Tregs were upregulated after SAH. Moreover, exogenous infusion of Il10 gene KO Tregs did not totally improve neurological function in SAH mice. Conclusions: Tregs infiltrated into the brain in the early stage after SAH and exerted neuroprotective effect by secreting IL-10 to suppress neuroinflammation and reduce neuron apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Huaming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Penglei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Fangjie Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Carlini V, Noonan DM, Abdalalem E, Goletti D, Sansone C, Calabrone L, Albini A. The multifaceted nature of IL-10: regulation, role in immunological homeostasis and its relevance to cancer, COVID-19 and post-COVID conditions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161067. [PMID: 37359549 PMCID: PMC10287165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a fundamental role in modulating inflammation and in maintaining cell homeostasis. It primarily acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, protecting the body from an uncontrolled immune response, mostly through the Jak1/Tyk2 and STAT3 signaling pathway. On the other hand, IL-10 can also have immunostimulating functions under certain conditions. Given the pivotal role of IL-10 in immune modulation, this cytokine could have relevant implications in pathologies characterized by hyperinflammatory state, such as cancer, or infectious diseases as in the case of COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 syndrome. Recent evidence proposed IL-10 as a predictor of severity and mortality for patients with acute or post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this context, IL-10 can act as an endogenous danger signal, released by tissues undergoing damage in an attempt to protect the organism from harmful hyperinflammation. Pharmacological strategies aimed to potentiate or restore IL-10 immunomodulatory action may represent novel promising avenues to counteract cytokine storm arising from hyperinflammation and effectively mitigate severe complications. Natural bioactive compounds, derived from terrestrial or marine photosynthetic organisms and able to increase IL-10 expression, could represent a useful prevention strategy to curb inflammation through IL-10 elevation and will be discussed here. However, the multifaceted nature of IL-10 has to be taken into account in the attempts to modulate its levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carlini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Eslam Abdalalem
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie Marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luana Calabrone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) European Institute of Oncology IEO-, Milan, Italy
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Petphong V, Kosoltanapiwat N, Limkittikul K, Maneekan P, Chatchen S, Jittmittraphap A, Sriburin P, Chattanadee S, Leaungwutiwong P. Detection of Anti-ZIKV NS1 IgA, IgM, and Combined IgA/IgM and Identification of IL-4 and IL-10 as Potential Biomarkers for Early ZIKV and DENV Infections in Hyperendemic Regions, Thailand. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8050284. [PMID: 37235332 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8050284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequency of Zika virus (ZIKV)-specific IgA and IgM and the cytokine expression profile of ZIKV-infected patients in hyperendemic areas remain unclear. This study investigated the rates of ZIKV non-structural protein 1 (NS1)-specific IgA and IgM and evaluated serum cytokine levels of ZIKV and Dengue virus (DENV) cases in Thailand to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers, elucidate the immunity against ZIKV and DENV, and investigate the association between cytokine levels and ZIKV symptoms. Low rates of positivity for ZIKV NS1-specific IgA and IgM were detected in our study. ZIKV NS1 IgA/M (11%, 11/101) in combination was more frequently detected than ZIKV NS1 IgM (2%, 2/101) or ZIKV NS1 IgA (4%, 4/96) alone, especially in acute ZIKV cases with previous DENV exposure (14%, 10/72). Cytokine analysis showed that both ZIKV and DENV infections induced polyfunctional immunity, and the latter triggered more prolonged responses. The existence of significant differences in IL-4 and IL-10 levels between acute ZIKV and acute DENV cases suggested that IL-4 (p = 0.0176) and IL-10 (p = 0.0003) may represent biomarkers for acute ZIKV and acute DENV infections, respectively. Analysis of the association between increased cytokine levels and ZIKV symptoms indicated that CXCL10 (p = 0.0029) was associated with exanthema, while IL-5 (p = 0.0496) was linked to headache. The detection of ZIKV NS1 IgA and IgM in combination may enhance the diagnosis of early ZIKV infection, particularly when levels of IgM or IgA alone are low or undetectable. IL-4 and IL-10 may serve as targets for the development of diagnostic tools to detect ZIKV and DENV infections early, respectively, in flavivirus-endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajee Petphong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nathamon Kosoltanapiwat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kriengsak Limkittikul
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pannamas Maneekan
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Supawat Chatchen
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Akanitt Jittmittraphap
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pimolpachr Sriburin
- Department of Tropical Pediatrics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Chattanadee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Girón SH, Gómez-Lahoz AM, Sanz JM, Fraile-Martínez O, Jiménez DJ, Garcia-Montero C, de Leon-Oliva D, Ortega MA, Atienza-Perez M, Diaz D, Lopez-Dolado E, Álvarez-Mon M. Patients with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury and a Long Period of Evolution Exhibit an Altered Cytokine Production by CD4 and CD8 T Cell Populations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087048. [PMID: 37108209 PMCID: PMC10138939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling neurological condition coursing with serious multisystem affections and morbidities. Changes in immune cell compartments have been consistently reported in previous works, representing a critical point of study for understanding the pathophysiology and progression of SCI from acute to chronic stages. Some relevant variations in circulating T cells have been noticed in patients with chronic SCI, although the number, distribution, and function of these populations remain to be fully elucidated. Likewise, the characterization of specific T cell subpopulations and their related cytokine production can aid in understanding the immunopathological role of T cells in SCI progression. In this sense, the objective of the present study was to analyze and quantify the total number of different cytokine-producers T cells in the serum of patients with chronic SCI (n = 105) in comparison to healthy controls (n = 38) by polychromatic flow cytometry. Having this goal, we studied CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes as well as naïve, effector, and effector/central memory subpopulations. SCI patients were classified according to the duration of the lesion in chronic SCI with a short period of evolution (SCI-SP) (comprised between 1 and 5 years since initial injury), early chronic phase (SCI-ECP) (between 5 and 15 years since initial injury) and late-chronic phase (SCI-LCP) (>15 years since initial injury). Our results show that patients with chronic SCI exhibited an altered immune profile of cytokine-producer T cells, including CD4/CD8 naïve, effector, and memory subpopulations in comparison to HC. In particular, IL-10 and IL-9 production seems to be importantly altered, especially in patients with SCI-LCP, whereas changes in IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ T cell populations have also been reported in this and other chronic SCI groups. In conclusion, our study demonstrates an altered profile of cytokine-producer T cells in patients with chronic SCI, with marked changes throughout the course of the disease. In more detail, we have observed significant variations in cytokine production by circulating naive, effector, and effector/central memory CD4 and CD8 T cells. Future studies should be directed to explore the possible clinical consequences of these changes or develop additional translational approaches in these groups of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Haro Girón
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Gómez-Lahoz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat Sanz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego J Jiménez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego de Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Atienza-Perez
- Service of Rehabilitation, National Hospital for Paraplegic Patients, Carr. de la Peraleda, S/N, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - David Diaz
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Lopez-Dolado
- Service of Rehabilitation, National Hospital for Paraplegic Patients, Carr. de la Peraleda, S/N, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Service of Internal Medicine and Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Ritter AC, Ricart Arbona RJ, Livingston RS, Monette S, Lipman NS. Effects of Mouse Kidney Parvovirus on Pharmacokinetics of Chemotherapeutics and the Adenine Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Comp Med 2023; 73:153-172. [PMID: 36973002 PMCID: PMC10162380 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-22-000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Mouse kidney parvovirus (MKPV) causes inclusion body nephropathy in severely immunocompromised mice and renal interstitial inflammation in immunocompetent mice. Here we sought to determine the effects of MKPV on pre-clinical murine models that depend on renal function. To assess the effects of MKPV infection on the pharmacokinetics of 2 renally excreted chemotherapeutic agents, methotrexate and lenalidomide, we measured drug concentrations in the blood and urine of MKPV-infected or uninfected immunodeficient NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) and immunocompetent C57BL/6NCrl (B6) female mice. No differences in plasma pharmacokinetics were observed for lenalidomide. However, the AUC of methotrexate was 1.5-fold higher in uninfected NSG mice compared with infected NSG mice, 1.9-fold higher in infected B6 mice compared with uninfected B6 mice, and 4.3-fold higher in uninfected NSG mice compared with uninfected B6 mice. MKPV infection did not significantly affect the renal clearance of either drug. To assess effects of MKPV infection on the adenine diet model of chronic kidney disease, MKPV-infected and uninfected B6 female mice were fed a 0.2% adenine diet, and clinical and histopathologic features of disease were assessed over 8 wk. MKPV infection did not significantly alter urine chemistry results, hemogram findings, or serum concentrations of BUN, creatinine, or symmetric dimethylarginine. However, infection did influence histologic outcomes. As compared with uninfected mice, MKPV-infected mice had more interstitial lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates after 4 and 8 wk of diet consumption and less interstitial fibrosis at week 8. Macrophage infiltrates and renal tubular injury were similar between in infected and uninfected mice. These findings indicate that MKPV infection had minimal effects on the renal excretion of 2 chemotherapeutics and on serum biomarkers of renal function. However, infection significantly influenced two histologic features of the adenine diet model of chronic renal disease. MKPV-free mice are critically important in studies evaluating renal histology as an experimental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Ritter
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Rodolfo J Ricart Arbona
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | | | - Sébastien Monette
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - Neil S Lipman
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Laboratory Animal Medicine and Science, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
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Luciani LL, Miller LM, Zhai B, Clarke K, Hughes Kramer K, Schratz LJ, Balasubramani GK, Dauer K, Nowalk MP, Zimmerman RK, Shoemaker JE, Alcorn JF. Blood Inflammatory Biomarkers Differentiate Inpatient and Outpatient Coronavirus Disease 2019 From Influenza. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad095. [PMID: 36949873 PMCID: PMC10026548 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ongoing circulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a diagnostic challenge because symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are difficult to distinguish from other respiratory diseases. Our goal was to use statistical analyses and machine learning to identify biomarkers that distinguish patients with COVID-19 from patients with influenza. Methods Cytokine levels were analyzed in plasma and serum samples from patients with influenza and COVID-19, which were collected as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Hospitalized Adult Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (inpatient network) and the US Flu Vaccine Effectiveness (outpatient network). Results We determined that interleukin (IL)-10 family cytokines are significantly different between COVID-19 and influenza patients. The results suggest that the IL-10 family cytokines are a potential diagnostic biomarker to distinguish COVID-19 and influenza infection, especially for inpatients. We also demonstrate that cytokine combinations, consisting of up to 3 cytokines, can distinguish SARS-CoV-2 and influenza infection with high accuracy in both inpatient (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUC] = 0.84) and outpatient (AUC = 0.81) groups, revealing another potential screening tool for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions This study not only reveals prospective screening tools for COVID-19 infections that are independent of polymerase chain reaction testing or clinical condition, but it also emphasizes potential pathways involved in disease pathogenesis that act as potential targets for future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L Luciani
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leigh M Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bo Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karen Clarke
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kailey Hughes Kramer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lucas J Schratz
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - G K Balasubramani
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Klancie Dauer
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Patricia Nowalk
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard K Zimmerman
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason E Shoemaker
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John F Alcorn
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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38
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Tepebaşı MY, İlhan İ, Temel EN, Sancer O, Öztürk Ö. Investigation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in COVID-19 patients. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:191-199. [PMID: 36797451 PMCID: PMC9936118 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 disease, which spreads worldwide, is a disease characterized by widespread inflammation and affects many organs, especially the lungs. The resulting inflammation can lead to reactive oxygen radicals, leading to oxidative DNA damage. The pneumonia severity of 95 hospitalized patients with positive RT-PCR test was determined and divided into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe/critical. Inflammation markers (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, serum reactive protein, procalcitonin, etc.) were determined, and IL-10 and IFN-γ measurements were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. In evaluating oxidative damage, total thiol, native thiol, disulfide, and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels were determined by measuring spectrophotometrically. The comet assay method's percentage of tail DNA obtained was used to determine oxidative DNA damage. As a result, when the mild and severe/critical groups were compared, we found that total thiol, native thiol, and disulfide levels decreased significantly in the severe/critical group due to the increase in inflammation markers and cytokine levels (p < 0.05). We could not detect any significance in IMA levels between the groups (p > 0.05). At the same time, we determined an increase in the tail DNA percent level, that is, DNA damage, due to the increased oxidative effect. As a result, we determined that inflammation and oxidative stress increased in patients with severe pneumonia, and there was DNA damage in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - İlter İlhan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Esra Nurlu Temel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Okan Sancer
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Önder Öztürk
- Department of Chest Diseases, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey
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39
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Muhammad JS, Siddiqui R, Khan NA. Monkeypox virus-induced upregulation of interleukin-10 signaling: could epigenetics be involved in long-term viral persistence? Hosp Pract (1995) 2023; 51:51-53. [PMID: 36772924 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.2023.2179770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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40
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Nikolova-Ganeva K, Vasilev V, Kerezieva S, Tchorbanov A. Impact of folic acid on regulatory B lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in vitro. Int J Rheum Dis 2023; 26:298-304. [PMID: 36385742 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications of genomes are of particular interest as numerous studies indicate the correlation between DNA methylation and the development of systemic lupus. As a major methyl group donor, folic acid is an important participant in this process. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of low or high dose folate co-culturing with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the secretion of interleukin (IL)10 from regulatory cells from lupus patients or from healthy volunteers. METHODS PBMCs from lupus patients and healthy volunteers were isolated and separated CD19+ B cell populations were cultured in the presence of 4 μg/mL or of 16 μg/mL of folic acid and the DNA methylation level as well as the percentages of B lymphocytes were measured. In another experiment, PBMCs were stimulated in vitro for IL10 production with 1 μg/mL recombinant human CD40L and with 2.5 μg/mL unmethylated CpG dinucleotides and cultured in the presence of 4 μg/mL or of 16 μg/mL of folic acid. RESULTS Although co-culturing with low or high folic acid concentrations had no effect on the methylation level of B lymphocytes, particular patients showed an increase in the population of CD19+ IL10+ as well as of CD19- IL10+ cells. CONCLUSION The observed increase may be a consequence of additional indirect or direct methylation of DNA in specific loci of the targeted cells. However, further analysis would clarify the exact mechanism of action of folate and would reveal its immunomodulating potential in this autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Nikolova-Ganeva
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, The "Stephan Angeloff" Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vasil Vasilev
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital "Tsaritsa Yoanna - ISUL", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Simona Kerezieva
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital "Tsaritsa Yoanna - ISUL", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Andrey Tchorbanov
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, The "Stephan Angeloff" Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Acosta JC, Bahr JM, Basu S, O’Donnell JT, Barua A. Expression of CISH, an Inhibitor of NK Cell Function, Increases in Association with Ovarian Cancer Development and Progression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020299. [PMID: 36830840 PMCID: PMC9952877 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (OVCA), a fatal malignancy of women, disseminates locally. Although NK cells mount immune responses against OVCA, tumors inhibit NK cells, and the mechanism is not well understood. Cytokines stimulate NK cells; however, chronic stimulation exhausts them and induces expression of cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH). Tumors produce anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 which may induce NK cell exhaustion. The goal of this study was to examine if CISH expression in NK cells increases during OVCA development and to determine the mechanism(s) of OVCA-induced CISH expression in NK cells. Normal ovaries (n = 7) were used for CISH, IL-10 and GRP78 expression. In tumor ovaries, CISH was examined in early and late stages (n = 14 each, all subtypes) while IL-10 and GRP78 expression were examined in early and late stage HGSC (n = 5 each). Compared to normal, the population of CISH-expressing NK cells increased and the intensity of IL-10 and GRP78 expression was significantly higher in OVCA (p < 0.05). CISH expression was positively correlated with IL-10 expression (r = 0.52, r = 0.65, p < 0.05 at early and late stages, respectively) while IL-10 expression was positively correlated with GRP78 expression (r = 0.43, r = 0.52, p < 0.05, respectively). These results suggest that OVCA development and progression are associated with increased CISH expression by NK cells which is correlated with tumor-induced persistent cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin C. Acosta
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Janice M. Bahr
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sanjib Basu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - James T. O’Donnell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Animesh Barua
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(312)-942-6666
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Domínguez-Horta MDC, Serrano-Díaz A, Hernández-Cedeño M, Martínez-Donato G, Guillén-Nieto G. A peptide derived from HSP60 reduces proinflammatory cytokines and soluble mediators: a therapeutic approach to inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1162739. [PMID: 37187739 PMCID: PMC10179499 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are secretion proteins that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation. They are crucial in the progress of acute inflammatory diseases and autoimmunity. In fact, the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines has been widely tested in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some of these inhibitors have been used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients to improve survival rates. However, controlling the extent of inflammation with cytokine inhibitors is still a challenge because these molecules are redundant and pleiotropic. Here we review a novel therapeutic approach based on the use of the HSP60-derived Altered Peptide Ligand (APL) designed for RA and repositioned for the treatment of COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammation. HSP60 is a molecular chaperone found in all cells. It is involved in a wide diversity of cellular events including protein folding and trafficking. HSP60 concentration increases during cellular stress, for example inflammation. This protein has a dual role in immunity. Some HSP60-derived soluble epitopes induce inflammation, while others are immunoregulatory. Our HSP60-derived APL decreases the concentration of cytokines and induces the increase of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in various experimental systems. Furthermore, it decreases several cytokines and soluble mediators that are raised in RA, as well as decreases the excessive inflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2. This approach can be extended to other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria del Carmen Domínguez-Horta
- Autoimmunity Project, Pharmaceutical Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
- Physiology Department, Latin American School of Medicine, Havana, Cuba
- *Correspondence: Maria del Carmen Domínguez-Horta,
| | - Anabel Serrano-Díaz
- Autoimmunity Project, Pharmaceutical Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Mabel Hernández-Cedeño
- Autoimmunity Project, Pharmaceutical Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gillian Martínez-Donato
- Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gerardo Guillén-Nieto
- Physiology Department, Latin American School of Medicine, Havana, Cuba
- Biomedical Research Division, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
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Amodio G, Capogrosso P, Pontillo M, Tassara M, Boeri L, Carenzi C, Cignoli D, Ferrara AM, Ramirez GA, Tresoldi C, Locatelli M, Santoleri L, Castagna A, Zangrillo A, De Cobelli F, Tresoldi M, Landoni G, Rovere‐Querini P, Ciceri F, Montorsi F, Salonia A, Gregori S. Combined plasma levels of IL-10 and testosterone, but not soluble HLA-G5, predict the risk of death in COVID-19 patients. Andrology 2023; 11:32-44. [PMID: 36323494 PMCID: PMC9877736 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of biomarkers correlated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes is a relevant need for clinical management. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is characterized by elevated interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, HLA-G, and impaired testosterone production. OBJECTIVES We aimed at defining the combined impact of sex hormones, interleukin-10, and HLA-G on COVID-19 pathophysiology and their relationship in male patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, electrochemiluminescent assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay circulating total testosterone, 17β-estradiol (E2 ), IL-10, and -HLAG5 as well as SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 Immunoglobulin G from 292 healthy controls and 111 COVID-19 patients with different disease severity at hospital admission, and in 53 COVID-19 patients at 7-month follow-up. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We found significantly higher levels of IL-10, HLA-G, and E2 in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls and an inverse correlation between IL-10 and testosterone, with IL-10, progressively increasing and testosterone progressively decreasing with disease severity. This correlation was lost at the 7-month follow-up. The risk of death in COVID-19 patients with low testosterone increased in the presence of high IL-10. A negative correlation between SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G and HLA-G or IL-10 at hospitalization was observed. At the 7-month follow-up, IL-10 and testosterone normalized, and HLA-G decreased. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that combined evaluation of IL-10 and testosterone predicts the risk of death in men with COVID-19 and support the hypothesis that IL-10 fails to suppress excessive inflammation by promoting viral spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Amodio
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of UrologyURI, IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Department of Urology and AndrologyOspedale di Circolo and Macchi FoundationVareseItaly
| | - Marina Pontillo
- Laboratory Medicine ServiceIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Michela Tassara
- Laboratory Medicine ServiceIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Luca Boeri
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of UrologyURI, IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly,IRCCS Foundation Ca’ Granda, Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Department of UrologyUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Cristina Carenzi
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of UrologyURI, IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Daniele Cignoli
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of UrologyURI, IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly,University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Anna Maria Ferrara
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of UrologyURI, IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Giuseppe A. Ramirez
- University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergology and Rare Diseases UnitIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | | | | | - Luca Santoleri
- Immunohematology and Transfusion MedicineIRRCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Antonella Castagna
- University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Department of Infectious DiseasesIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Alberto Zangrillo
- University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Anesthesia and Intensive Care DepartmentIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Francesco De Cobelli
- University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Department of RadiologyIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Moreno Tresoldi
- General Medicine and Advanced Care UnitIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Anesthesia and Intensive Care DepartmentIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Patrizia Rovere‐Querini
- University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Internal Medicine, Diabetes, and Endocrinology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly,Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant UnitIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Francesco Montorsi
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of UrologyURI, IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly,University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of UrologyURI, IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly,University Vita‐Salute San RaffaeleMilanItaly
| | - Silvia Gregori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR‐TIGET)IRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly
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Aptamers Enhance Oncolytic Viruses' Antitumor Efficacy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010151. [PMID: 36678780 PMCID: PMC9864469 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses are highly promising for cancer treatment because they target and lyse tumor cells. These genetically engineered vectors introduce therapeutic or immunostimulatory genes into the tumor. However, viral therapy is not always safe and effective. Several problems are related to oncolytic viruses' targeted delivery to the tumor and immune system neutralization in the bloodstream. Cryoprotection and preventing viral particles from aggregating during storage are other critical issues. Aptamers, short RNA, or DNA oligonucleotides may help to crawl through this bottleneck. They are not immunogenic, are easily synthesized, can be chemically modified, and are not very demanding in storage conditions. It is possible to select an aptamer that specifically binds to any target cell, oncolytic virus, or molecule using the SELEX technology. This review comprehensively highlights the most important research and methodological approaches related to oncolytic viruses and nucleic acid aptamers. Here, we also analyze possible future research directions for combining these two methodologies to improve the effectiveness of cancer virotherapy.
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45
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Mohammadi Y, Nezafat N, Negahdaripour M, Eskandari S, Zamani M. In silico design and evaluation of a novel mRNA vaccine against BK virus: a reverse vaccinology approach. Immunol Res 2022; 71:422-441. [PMID: 36580228 PMCID: PMC9797904 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Human polyomavirus type 1, or BK virus (BKV), is a ubiquitous pathogen belonging to the polyomaviridae family mostly known for causing BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVN) and allograft rejection in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) following the immunosuppression regimens recommended in these patients. Reduction of the immunosuppression level and anti-viral agents are the usual approaches for BKV clearance, which have not met a desired outcome yet. There are also debating matters such as the effect of this pathogen on emerging various comorbidities and the related malignancies in the human population. In this study, a reverse vaccinology approach was implemented to design a mRNA vaccine against BKV by identifying the most antigenic proteins of this pathogen. Potential immunogenic T and B lymphocyte epitopes were predicted through various immunoinformatic tools. The final epitopes were selected according to antigenicity, toxicity, allergenicity, and cytokine inducibility scores. According to the obtained results, the designed vaccine was antigenic, neutral at the physiological pH, non-toxic, and non-allergenic with a world population coverage of 93.77%. Since the mRNA codon optimization ensures the efficient expression of the vaccine in a host cell, evaluation of different parameters showed our designed mRNA vaccine has a stable structure. Moreover, it had strong interactions with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) according to the molecular dynamic simulation studies. The in silico immune simulation analyses revealed an overall increase in the immune responses following repeated exposure to the designed vaccine. Based on our findings, the vaccine candidate is ready to be tested as a promising novel mRNA therapeutic vaccine against BKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sedigheh Eskandari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Zamani
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
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46
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Yan Y, Hu Y, Yu Z, Zhang Y. Longitudinal IL-10 trajectories in critical patients after major surgery: A group-based trajectory modeling analysis. Asian J Surg 2022; 46:2198-2199. [PMID: 36526473 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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47
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Yudhawati R, Sakina S, Fitriah M. Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-10 Profiles and Ratio in Serum of COVID-19 Patients and Correlation with COVID-19 Severity: A Time Series Study. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:8043-8054. [PMID: 36389025 PMCID: PMC9645129 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s381404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) can, in severe cases, lead to cytokine-release syndrome owing to an excessive immune response. The release of different cytokines aggravates disease severity. IL-1β is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, while IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, and both are involved in the human immune response to infection. This study aimed to determine whether serum levels of IL-1β and IL-10 and the ratio of the two over time in patients with COVID-19 could facilitate early identification of disease severity. METHODS An analytical, observational time-series design was employed. Fifty participants were enrolled between May and October 2020 and were divided into two groups-non-severe (n = 20), and severe (n = 30). IL-1β and IL-10 were analyzed using BD cytometric bead array sets. Association of the IL-1β:IL-10 ratio with COVID-19 severity was analyzed using a Mann-Whitney test and Fisher's exact test. Optimal cut-off values to predict disease severity were determined by Youden's index. RESULTS In non-severe and severe groups, the median serum levels of IL-1β decreased on day 3 (1.72 ng/mL and 2.10 ng/mL, respectively), then increased on day 6 (2.05 ng/mL and 3.31 ng/mL, respectively). However, the median of IL-10 increased on day 3 (1.88 ng/mL and 2.30 ng/mL, respectively) and day 6 (2.02 ng/mL and 2.39 ng/mL, respectively). There was no significant association between the IL-1β:IL-10 ratio and COVID-19 severity at any time-point (p>0.05). The cutoff value of serum IL-10 between the two groups on days 0, 3, and 6 was 1.09 pg/mL (sensitivity: 66.6%; PPV: 71.4%), 2.11 pg/mL (sensitivity: 67.7%; PPV: 50.0%), and 2.08 pg/mL (sensitivity: 78.6%; PPV: 70.9%), respectively. CONCLUSION The IL-1β:IL-10 ratio was not correlated to COVID-19 severity. However, owing to its high sensitivity, IL-10 may be a potential biomarker for disease severity in severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resti Yudhawati
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Sakina Sakina
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Munawaroh Fitriah
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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48
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Carter SC, Franciosi AN, O’Shea KM, O’Carroll OM, Sharma A, Bell A, Keogan B, O’Reilly P, Coughlan S, Law SM, Gray RD, Hisert KB, Singh PK, Cooke G, Grogan B, De Gascun CF, Gallagher CG, Nicholson TT, Quon BS, McKone EF. Acute Pulmonary Exacerbation Phenotypes in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2022; 19:1818-1826. [PMID: 35713619 PMCID: PMC9667812 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202111-1266oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The etiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) is likely multifactorial with viral, bacterial, and non-infectious pathways contributing. Objectives: To determine whether viral infection status and CRP (C-reactive protein) can classify subphenotypes of PEx that differ in outcomes and biomarker profiles. Methods: Patients were recruited at time of admission for a PEx. Nasal swabs and sputum samples were collected and processed using the respiratory panel of the FilmArray multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum and plasma biomarkers were measured. PEx were classified using serum CRP and viral PCR: "pauci-inflammatory" if CRP < 5 mg/L, "non-viral with systemic inflammation" if CRP ⩾ 5 mg/L and no viral infection detected by PCR and "viral with systemic inflammation" if CRP ⩾ 5 mg/L and viral infection detected by PCR. Results: Discovery cohort (n = 59) subphenotype frequencies were 1) pauci-inflammatory (37%); 2) non-viral with systemic inflammation (41%); and 3) viral with systemic inflammation (22%). Immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, interleukin-10, interleukin-13, serum calprotectin, and CRP levels differed across phenotypes. Reduction from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second as percent predicted (FEV1pp) at onset of exacerbation differed between non-viral with systemic inflammation and viral with systemic inflammation (-6.73 ± 1.78 vs. -13.5 ± 2.32%; P = 0.025). Non-viral with systemic inflammation PEx had a trend toward longer duration of intravenous antibiotics versus pauci-inflammation (18.1 ± 1.17 vs. 14.8 ± 1.19 days, P = 0.057). There were no differences in percent with lung function recovery to <10% of baseline FEV1pp. Similar results were seen in local and external validation cohorts comparing a pauci-inflammatory to viral/non-viral inflammatory exacerbation phenotypes. Conclusions: Subphenotypes of CF PEx exist with differences in biomarker profile, clinical presentation, and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne C. Carter
- National Referral Centre for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Kate M. O’Shea
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla M. O’Carroll
- National Referral Centre for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Aoife Bell
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Keogan
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul O’Reilly
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzie Coughlan
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sheonagh M. Law
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Robert D. Gray
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Katherine B. Hisert
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and
| | | | - Gordon Cooke
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
- Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brenda Grogan
- National Referral Centre for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Charles G. Gallagher
- National Referral Centre for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Trevor T. Nicholson
- National Referral Centre for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bradley S. Quon
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Edward F. McKone
- National Referral Centre for Adult Cystic Fibrosis, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
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Azzinaro PA, Medina GN, Rai D, Ramirez-Medina E, Spinard E, Rodriguez-Calzada M, Zhu J, Rieder E, de los Santos T, Díaz-San Segundo F. Mutation of FMDV Lpro H138 residue drives viral attenuation in cell culture and in vivo in swine. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1028077. [PMID: 36387381 PMCID: PMC9661595 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1028077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) leader proteinase (Lpro) is a papain like protease that cleaves the viral polyprotein and several host factors affecting host cell translation and induction of innate immunity. Introduction of Lpro mutations ablating catalytic activity is not tolerated by the virus, however, complete coding sequence deletion or introduction of targeted amino acid substitutions can render viable progeny. In proof-of-concept studies, we have previously identified and characterized FMDV Lpro mutants that are attenuated in cell culture and in animals, while retaining their capacity for inducing a strong adaptive immunity. By using molecular modeling, we have now identified a His residue (H138), that resides outside the substrate binding and catalytic domain, and is highly conserved across serotypes. Mutation of H138 renders possible FMDV variants of reduced virulence in vitro and in vivo. Kinetics studies showed that FMDV A12-LH138L mutant replicates similarly to FMDV A12-wild type (WT) virus in cells that do not offer immune selective pressure, but attenuation is observed upon infection of primary or low passage porcine epithelial cells. Western blot analysis on protein extracts from these cells, revealed that while processing of translation initiation factor eIF-4G was slightly delayed, no degradation of innate sensors or effector molecules such as NF-κB or G3BP2 was observed, and higher levels of interferon (IFN) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were induced after infection with A12-LH138L as compared to WT FMDV. Consistent with the results in porcine cells, inoculation of swine with this mutant resulted in a mild, or in some cases, no clinical disease but induction of a strong serological adaptive immune response. These results further support previous evidence that Lpro is a reliable target to derive numerous viable FMDV strains that alone or in combination could be exploited for the development of novel FMD vaccine platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Azzinaro
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
| | - Gisselle N. Medina
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
- National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Devendra Rai
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
- Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pearl River, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
| | - Edward Spinard
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
| | - Monica Rodriguez-Calzada
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PIADC Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - James Zhu
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth Rieder
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
| | - Teresa de los Santos
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Teresa de los Santos
| | - Fayna Díaz-San Segundo
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY, United States
- Fayna Díaz-San Segundo
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50
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Co-Expression of Pig IL-2 and Fusion Bovine Cathelicidin Gene by Recombinant Plasmids in Yeast and Their Promotion of Mouse Antibacterial Defense. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101491. [PMID: 36290395 PMCID: PMC9598770 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop an effective and safe immunomodulator to enhance the antimicrobial bioactivity and immunity of animals against infectious bacterial diseases, a recombinant plasmid pGAPZαA-IL2-B co-expressing pig interleukin-2 (PIL-2) and fused bovine cathelicidin (FBC) genes were constructed using the 2A self-cleavage technique. After being expressed in Pichia pastoris strain SMD1168, the recombinant yeast was administered orally to 5-week-old female ICR mice. The control mice were similarly dosed with P. pastoris with a blank plasmid or FBC recombinant plasmid alone. At 28 days post-treatment, the mice were challenged intraperitoneally with virulent strains of either E. coli or S. aureus. Compared with the control groups, the mice that received recombinant yeast co-expressing PIL-2/FBC manifested significant increases in the number of leukocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, IgG, and the gene expressions of TLRs(TLR1,4,6,9), antimicrobial peptides(CRP4 and CRAMP) and cytokines (IL-2, 4, 6, 7, 12, 15, 23, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) in the blood. Furthermore, the treated mice displayed significantly higher survival than the other two control groups after the challenge. These results suggest that the antimicrobial activity and immunity of animals can be effectively enhanced by the in vivo co-expression of IL-2 and the FBS gene, which can facilitate the development of new immunopotentiation molecules to overcome the infection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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