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Feng D, Pu D, Ren J, Liu M, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Li J. CD8 + T-cell exhaustion: Impediment to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024:189193. [PMID: 39413858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
CD8+ T-cell exhaustion has been identified as a significant contributor to immunosuppression and immune escape in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Dysfunction due to cell exhaustion is characterized by reduced effector capacity and sustained expression of inhibitory receptors (IRs). The factors contributing to CD8+ T-cell exhaustion are multifaceted, encompassing external influences such as the upregulation of IRs, reduction of effector cytokines, and internal changes within the immune cell, including transcriptomic alterations, epigenetic landscape remodeling, and metabolomic shifts. The impact of the altered TNBC tumor microenvironment (TME) on Tex is also a critical consideration. The production of exhausted CD8+ T-cells (CD8+ Tex) is positively correlated with poor prognosis and reduced response rates to immunotherapy in TNBC patients, underscoring the urgent need for the development of novel TNBC immunotherapeutic strategies that target the mechanisms of CD8+ T-cell exhaustion. This review delineates the dynamic trajectory of CD8+ T-cell exhaustion development in TNBC, provides an update on the latest research advancements in understanding its pathogenesis, and offers insights into potential immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dongqing Pu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jinlu Ren
- Shandong Xiandai University, Jinan 250104, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China.
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2
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Jo Y, Sim HI, Yun B, Park Y, Jin HS. Revisiting T-cell adhesion molecules as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy: CD226 and CD2. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01317-9. [PMID: 39349829 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy aims to initiate or amplify immune responses that eliminate cancer cells and create immune memory to prevent relapse. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which target coinhibitory receptors on immune effector cells, such as CTLA-4 and PD-(L)1, have made significant strides in cancer treatment. However, they still face challenges in achieving widespread and durable responses. The effectiveness of anticancer immunity, which is determined by the interplay of coinhibitory and costimulatory signals in tumor-infiltrating immune cells, highlights the potential of costimulatory receptors as key targets for immunotherapy. This review explores our current understanding of the functions of CD2 and CD226, placing a special emphasis on their potential as novel agonist targets for cancer immunotherapy. CD2 and CD226, which are present mainly on T and NK cells, serve important functions in cell adhesion and recognition. These molecules are now recognized for their costimulatory benefits, particularly in the context of overcoming T-cell exhaustion and boosting antitumor responses. The importance of CD226, especially in anti-TIGIT therapy, along with the CD2‒CD58 axis in overcoming resistance to ICI or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies provides valuable insights into advancing beyond the current barriers of cancer immunotherapy, underscoring their promise as targets for novel agonist therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Jo
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-In Sim
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bohwan Yun
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Park
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyung-Seung Jin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Li Y, Zhang H, Yang F, Zhu D, Chen S, Wang Z, Wei Z, Yang Z, Jia J, Zhang Y, Wang D, Ma M, Kang X. Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of disulphidptosis in cancer. Cell Prolif 2024:e13752. [PMID: 39354653 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
SLC7A11 plays a pivotal role in tumour development by facilitating cystine import to enhance glutathione synthesis and counteract oxidative stress. Disulphidptosis, an emerging form of cell death observed in cells with high expression of SLC7A11 under glucose deprivation, is regulated through reduction-oxidation reactions and disulphide bond formation. This process leads to contraction and collapse of the F-actin cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane, ultimately resulting in cellular demise. Compared to other forms of cell death, disulphidptosis exhibits distinctive characteristics and regulatory mechanisms. This mechanism provides novel insights and innovative strategies for cancer treatment while also inspiring potential therapeutic approaches for other diseases. Our review focuses on elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying disulphidptosis and its connection with the actin cytoskeleton, identifying alternative metabolic forms of cell death, as well as offering insights into disulphidptosis-based cancer therapy. A comprehensive understanding of disulphidptosis will contribute to our knowledge about fundamental cellular homeostasis and facilitate the development of groundbreaking therapies for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Li
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
- The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Fengguang Yang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Daxue Zhu
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Shijie Chen
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Zhaoheng Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Ziyan Wei
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Zhili Yang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Jingwen Jia
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Dongxin Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Mingdong Ma
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, PR China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, PR China
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Strazza M, Song R, Hiner S, Mor A. Changing the location of proteins on the cell surface is a promising strategy for modulating T cell functions. Immunology 2024; 173:248-257. [PMID: 38952142 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting immune receptors on T cells is a common strategy to treat cancer and autoimmunity. Frequently, this is accomplished through monoclonal antibodies targeting the ligand binding sites of stimulatory or inhibitory co-receptors. Blocking ligand binding prevents downstream signalling and modulates specific T cell functions. Since 1985, the FDA has approved over 100 monoclonal antibodies against immune receptors. This therapeutic approach significantly improved the care of patients with numerous immune-related conditions; however, many patients are unresponsive, and some develop immune-related adverse events. One reason for that is the lack of consideration for the localization of these receptors on the cell surface of the immune cells in the context of the immune synapse. In addition to blocking ligand binding, changing the location of these receptors on the cell surface within the different compartments of the immunological synapse could serve as an alternative, efficient, and safer approach to treating these patients. This review discusses the potential therapeutic advantages of altering proteins' localization within the immune synapse and summarizes published work in this field. It also discusses the novel use of bispecific antibodies to induce the clustering of receptors on the cell surface. It presents the rationale for developing novel antibodies, targeting the organization of signalling receptor complexes on the cell surface. This approach offers an innovative and emerging technology to treat cancer patients resistant to current immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Strazza
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ruijiang Song
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shannon Hiner
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam Mor
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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5
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Kang N, Chawla A, Hillman H, Tippalagama R, Kim C, Mikulski Z, Seumois G, Vijayanand P, Scriba TJ, De Silva AD, Balmaseda A, Harris E, Weiskopf D, Sette A, Arlehamn CL, Peters B, Burel JG. A novel method for characterizing cell-cell interactions at single-cell resolution reveals unique signatures in blood T cell-monocyte complexes during infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.20.612103. [PMID: 39386643 PMCID: PMC11463634 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.20.612103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Communication between immune cells through direct contact is a critical feature of immune responses. Here, we developed a novel high-throughput method to study the transcriptome and adaptive immune receptor repertoire of single cells forming complexes without needing bioinformatic deconvolution. We found that T cells and monocytes forming complexes in blood during active tuberculosis (TB) and dengue hold unique transcriptomic signatures indicative of TCR/MCH-II immune synapses. Additionally, T cells in complexes showed enrichment for effector phenotypes, imaging and transcriptomic features of active TCR signaling, and increased immune activity at diagnosis compared to after anti-TB therapy. We also found evidence for bidirectional RNA exchange between T cells and monocytes, since complexes were markedly enriched for "dual-expressing" cells (i.e., co-expressing T cell and monocyte genes). Thus, studying immune cell complexes at a single-cell resolution offers novel perspectives on immune synaptic interactions occurring in blood during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxin Kang
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
| | - Ashu Chawla
- Bioinformatics Core, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
| | - Hannah Hillman
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
| | - Rashmi Tippalagama
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
| | - Cheryl Kim
- Flow Cytometry Core, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
| | - Zbigniew Mikulski
- Microscopy Core, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
| | - Grégory Seumois
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA, United States
| | - Pandurangan Vijayanand
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Aruna D De Silva
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
- Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Bjoern Peters
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Julie G Burel
- Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, CA 92037, United States
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Parikh R, Parikh S, Berzin D, Vaknine H, Ovadia S, Likonen D, Greenberger S, Scope A, Elgavish S, Nevo Y, Plaschkes I, Nizri E, Kobiler O, Maliah A, Zaremba L, Mohan V, Sagi I, Ashery-Padan R, Carmi Y, Luxenburg C, Hoheisel JD, Khaled M, Levesque MP, Levy C. Recycled melanoma-secreted melanosomes regulate tumor-associated macrophage diversification. EMBO J 2024; 43:3553-3586. [PMID: 38719996 PMCID: PMC11377571 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of communication between cells. Here, we reveal a new mode of intercellular communication by melanosomes, large EVs secreted by melanocytes for melanin transport. Unlike small EVs, which are disintegrated within the receiver cell, melanosomes stay intact within them, gain a unique protein signature, and can then be further transferred to another cell as "second-hand" EVs. We show that melanoma-secreted melanosomes passaged through epidermal keratinocytes or dermal fibroblasts can be further engulfed by resident macrophages. This process leads to macrophage polarization into pro-tumor or pro-immune cell infiltration phenotypes. Melanosomes that are transferred through fibroblasts can carry AKT1, which induces VEGF secretion from macrophages in an mTOR-dependent manner, promoting angiogenesis and metastasis in vivo. In melanoma patients, macrophages that are co-localized with AKT1 are correlated with disease aggressiveness, and immunotherapy non-responders are enriched in macrophages containing melanosome markers. Our findings suggest that interactions mediated by second-hand extracellular vesicles contribute to the formation of the metastatic niche, and that blocking the melanosome cues of macrophage diversification could be helpful in halting melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roma Parikh
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Shivang Parikh
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- The Ragon Institute of Mass General, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Harvard, MA 02139, Cambridge, USA
| | - Daniella Berzin
- Institute of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Hananya Vaknine
- Institute of Pathology, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, 58100, Israel
| | - Shai Ovadia
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neurosciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Daniela Likonen
- Institute of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | | | - Alon Scope
- The Kittner Skin Cancer Screening and Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sharona Elgavish
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Inbar Plaschkes
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Eran Nizri
- Department of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky (Ichilov) Medical Center, Tel Aviv, 6423906, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Oren Kobiler
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv Universitygrid.12136.37, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Avishai Maliah
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Laureen Zaremba
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vishnu Mohan
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Ruth Ashery-Padan
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neurosciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Yaron Carmi
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Chen Luxenburg
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mehdi Khaled
- INSERM 1279, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 18, CH-8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Carmit Levy
- Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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Burgstaller A, Piernitzki N, Küchler N, Koch M, Kister T, Eichler H, Kraus T, Schwarz EC, Dustin ML, Lautenschläger F, Staufer O. Soft Synthetic Cells with Mobile Membrane Ligands for Ex Vivo Expansion of Therapy-Relevant T Cell Phenotypes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401844. [PMID: 38751204 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The expansion of T cells ex vivo is crucial for effective immunotherapy but currently limited by a lack of expansion approaches that closely mimic in vivo T cell activation. Taking inspiration from bottom-up synthetic biology, a new synthetic cell technology is introduced based on dispersed liquid-liquid phase-separated droplet-supported lipid bilayers (dsLBs) with tunable biochemical and biophysical characteristics, as artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) for ex vivo T cell expansion. These findings obtained with the dsLB technology reveal three key insights: first, introducing laterally mobile stimulatory ligands on soft aAPCs promotes expansion of IL-4/IL-10 secreting regulatory CD8+ T cells, with a PD-1 negative phenotype, less prone to immune suppression. Second, it is demonstrated that lateral ligand mobility can mask differential T cell activation observed on substrates of varying stiffness. Third, dsLBs are applied to reveal a mechanosensitive component in bispecific Her2/CD3 T cell engager-mediated T cell activation. Based on these three insights, lateral ligand mobility, alongside receptor- and mechanosignaling, is proposed to be considered as a third crucial dimension for the design of ex vivo T cell expansion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Burgstaller
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Campus E8 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Campus Saarland, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nils Piernitzki
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Campus E8 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Campus Saarland, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nadja Küchler
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Saarland University, Building 48, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas Kister
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hermann Eichler
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland University, Colloid and Interface Chemistry, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eva C Schwarz
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Saarland University, Building 48, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and, Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Franziska Lautenschläger
- Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Campus Saarland, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Experimental Physics, Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Oskar Staufer
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Campus E8 1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, Campus Saarland, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and, Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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8
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Yazicioglu YF, Mitchell RJ, Clarke AJ. Mitochondrial control of lymphocyte homeostasis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 161-162:42-53. [PMID: 38608498 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a multitude of essential roles within mammalian cells, and understanding how they control immunity is an emerging area of study. Lymphocytes, as integral cellular components of the adaptive immune system, rely on mitochondria for their function, and mitochondria can dynamically instruct their differentiation and activation by undergoing rapid and profound remodelling. Energy homeostasis and ATP production are often considered the primary functions of mitochondria in immune cells; however, their importance extends across a spectrum of other molecular processes, including regulation of redox balance, signalling pathways, and biosynthesis. In this review, we explore the dynamic landscape of mitochondrial homeostasis in T and B cells, and discuss how mitochondrial disorders compromise adaptive immunity.
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9
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Xiong Y, Libby KA, Su X. The physical landscape of CAR-T synapse. Biophys J 2024; 123:2199-2210. [PMID: 37715447 PMCID: PMC11331049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells form dynamic immunological synapses with their cancer cell targets. After a CAR-antigen engagement, the CAR-T synapse forms, matures, and finally disassembles, accompanied by substantial remodeling of cell surface proteins, lipids, and glycans. In this review, we provide perspectives for understanding protein distribution, membrane topology, and force transmission across the CAR-T synapse. We highlight the features of CAR-T synapses that differ from T cell receptor synapses, including the disorganized protein pattern, adjustable synapse width, diverse mechano-responding properties, and resulting signaling consequences. Through a range of examples, we illustrate how revealing the biophysical nature of the CAR-T synapse could guide the design of CAR-Ts with improved anti-tumor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Xiong
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kendra A Libby
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaolei Su
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
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10
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Capera J, Jainarayanan A, Navarro-Pérez M, Valvo S, Demetriou P, Depoil D, Estadella I, Kvalvaag A, Felce JH, Felipe A, Dustin ML. Dynamics and spatial organization of Kv1.3 at the immunological synapse of human CD4+ T cells. Biophys J 2024; 123:2271-2281. [PMID: 37596785 PMCID: PMC11331042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of the immunological synapse (IS) is a key event during initiation of an adaptive immune response to a specific antigen. During this process, a T cell and an antigen presenting cell form a stable contact that allows the T cell to integrate both internal and external stimuli in order to decide whether to activate. The threshold for T cell activation depends on the strength and frequency of the calcium (Ca2+) signaling induced by antigen recognition, and it must be tightly regulated to avoid undesired harm to healthy cells. Potassium (K+) channels are recruited to the IS to maintain the negative membrane potential required to sustain Ca2+ entry. However, the precise localization of K+ channels within the IS remains unknown. Here, we visualized the dynamic subsynaptic distribution of Kv1.3, the main voltage-gated potassium channel in human T cells. Upon T cell receptor engagement, Kv1.3 polarized toward the synaptic cleft and diffused throughout the F-actin rich distal compartment of the synaptic interface-an effect enhanced by CD2-CD58 corolla formation. As the synapse matured, Kv1.3 clusters were internalized at the center of the IS and released in extracellular vesicles. We propose a model in which specific distribution of Kv1.3 within the synapse indirectly regulates the channel function and that this process is limited through Kv1.3 internalization and release in extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesusa Capera
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ashwin Jainarayanan
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - María Navarro-Pérez
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvatore Valvo
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philippos Demetriou
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; The Center for the Study of Haematological and Other Malignancies, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - David Depoil
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Estadella
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Audun Kvalvaag
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - James H Felce
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Felipe
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michael L Dustin
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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11
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Wang Y, Li D, Xun J, Wu Y, Wang HL. Construction of prognostic markers for gastric cancer and comprehensive analysis of pyroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:2281-2295. [PMID: 39087128 PMCID: PMC11287702 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i7.2281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China's most frequent malignancy is gastric cancer (GC), which has a very poor survival rate, and the survival rate for patients with advanced GC is dismal. Pyroptosis has been connected to the genesis and development of cancer. The function of pyroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (PRLs) in GC, on the other hand, remains uncertain. AIM To explore the construction and comprehensive analysis of the prognostic characteristics of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) related to pyroptosis in GC patients. METHODS The TCGA database provided us with 352 stomach adenocarcinoma samples, and we obtained 28 pyroptotic genes from the Reactome database. We examined the correlation between lncRNAs and pyroptosis using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Prognosis-related PRLs were identified through univariate Cox analysis. A predictive signature was constructed using stepwise Cox regression analysis, and its reliability and independence were assessed. To facilitate clinical application, a nomogram was created based on this signature. we analyzed differences in immune cell infiltration, immune function, and checkpoints between the high-risk group (HRG) and low-risk group (LRG). RESULTS Five hundred and twenty-three PRLs were screened from all lncRNAs (absolute correlation coefficient > 0.4, P < 0.05). Nine PRLs were included in the risk prediction signature that was created through stepwise Cox regression analysis. We determined the risk score for GC patients and employed the median value as the dividing line between HRG and LRG. The ability of the risk signature to predict the overall survival (OS) of GC is demonstrated by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, risk curve, receiver operating characteristic curve, and decision curve analysis curve. The risk signature was shown to be an independent prognostic factor for OS in both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. HRG showed a more efficient local immune response or modulation compared to LRG, as indicated by the predicted signal pathway analysis and examination of immune cell infiltration, function, and checkpoints (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In general, we have created a brand-new prognostic signature using PRLs, which may provide ideas for immunotherapy in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Jing Xun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Hong-Lei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300100, China
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12
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Gómez-Morón Á, Tsukalov I, Scagnetti C, Pertusa C, Lozano-Prieto M, Martínez-Fleta P, Requena S, Martín P, Alfranca A, Martin-Gayo E, Martin-Cofreces NB. Cytosolic protein translation regulates cell asymmetry and function in early TCR activation of human CD8 + T lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1411957. [PMID: 39114656 PMCID: PMC11303187 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1411957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are highly effective in defending against viral infections and tumours. They are activated through the recognition of peptide-MHC-I complex by the T-cell receptor (TCR) and co-stimulation. This cognate interaction promotes the organisation of intimate cell-cell connections that involve cytoskeleton rearrangement to enable effector function and clearance of the target cell. This is key for the asymmetric transport and mobilisation of lytic granules to the cell-cell contact, promoting directed secretion of lytic mediators such as granzymes and perforin. Mitochondria play a role in regulating CTL function by controlling processes such as calcium flux, providing the necessary energy through oxidative phosphorylation, and its own protein translation on 70S ribosomes. However, the effect of acute inhibition of cytosolic translation in the rapid response after TCR has not been studied in mature CTLs. Methods Here, we investigated the importance of cytosolic protein synthesis in human CTLs after early TCR activation and CD28 co-stimulation for the dynamic reorganisation of the cytoskeleton, mitochondria, and lytic granules through short-term chemical inhibition of 80S ribosomes by cycloheximide and 80S and 70S by puromycin. Results We observed that eukaryotic ribosome function is required to allow proper asymmetric reorganisation of the tubulin cytoskeleton and mitochondria and mTOR pathway activation early upon TCR activation in human primary CTLs. Discussion Cytosolic protein translation is required to increase glucose metabolism and degranulation capacity upon TCR activation and thus to regulate the full effector function of human CTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Gómez-Morón
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ilya Tsukalov
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Camila Scagnetti
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Videomicroscopy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS-Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Pertusa
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Lozano-Prieto
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Martínez-Fleta
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Requena
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Martín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Regulatory Molecules of Inflammatory Processes, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Alfranca
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Martin-Gayo
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFECC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noa B Martin-Cofreces
- Immunology Service, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS- Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Videomicroscopy Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa, IIS-Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Area of Vascular Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Intercellular Communication, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares-Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Shi J, Yin W, Chen W. Mathematical models of TCR initial triggering. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1411614. [PMID: 39091495 PMCID: PMC11291225 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1411614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell receptors (TCRs) play crucial roles in regulating T cell response by rapidly and accurately recognizing foreign and non-self antigens. The process involves multiple molecules and regulatory mechanisms, forming a complex network to achieve effective antigen recognition. Mathematical modeling techniques can help unravel the intricate network of TCR signaling and identify key regulators that govern it. In this review, we introduce and briefly discuss relevant mathematical models of TCR initial triggering, with a focus on kinetic proofreading (KPR) models with different modified structures. We compare the topology structures, biological hypotheses, parameter choices, and simulation performance of each model, and summarize the advantages and limitations of them. Further studies on TCR modeling design, aiming for an optimized balance of specificity and sensitivity, are expected to contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Cárdenas-García SP, Ijaz S, Pereda AE. The components of an electrical synapse as revealed by expansion microscopy of a single synaptic contact. eLife 2024; 13:e91931. [PMID: 38994821 PMCID: PMC11333041 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Most nervous systems combine both transmitter-mediated and direct cell-cell communication, known as 'chemical' and 'electrical' synapses, respectively. Chemical synapses can be identified by their multiple structural components. Electrical synapses are, on the other hand, generally defined by the presence of a 'gap junction' (a cluster of intercellular channels) between two neuronal processes. However, while gap junctions provide the communicating mechanism, it is unknown whether electrical transmission requires the contribution of additional cellular structures. We investigated this question at identifiable single synaptic contacts on the zebrafish Mauthner cells, at which gap junctions coexist with specializations for neurotransmitter release and where the contact unequivocally defines the anatomical limits of a synapse. Expansion microscopy of these single contacts revealed a detailed map of the incidence and spatial distribution of proteins pertaining to various synaptic structures. Multiple gap junctions of variable size were identified by the presence of their molecular components. Remarkably, most of the synaptic contact's surface was occupied by interleaving gap junctions and components of adherens junctions, suggesting a close functional association between these two structures. In contrast, glutamate receptors were confined to small peripheral portions of the contact, indicating that most of the synaptic area functions as an electrical synapse. Thus, our results revealed the overarching organization of an electrical synapse that operates with not one, but multiple gap junctions, in close association with structural and signaling molecules known to be components of adherens junctions. The relationship between these intercellular structures will aid in establishing the boundaries of electrical synapses found throughout animal connectomes and provide insight into the structural organization and functional diversity of electrical synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra P Cárdenas-García
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Sundas Ijaz
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
| | - Alberto E Pereda
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUnited States
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15
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Feltham L, Moran J, Goldrick M, Lord E, Spiller DG, Cavet JS, Muldoon M, Roberts IS, Paszek P. Bacterial aggregation facilitates internalin-mediated invasion of Listeria monocytogenes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1411124. [PMID: 39045131 PMCID: PMC11263170 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1411124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dissemination of food-borne L. monocytogenes in the host relies on internalin-mediated invasion, but the underlying invasion strategies remain elusive. Here we use live-cell microscopy to follow single cell interactions between individual human cells and L. monocytogenes and elucidate mechanisms associated with internalin B (InlB)-mediated invasion. We demonstrate that whilst a replicative invasion of nonphagocytic cells is a rare event even at high multiplicities of invasion, L. monocytogenes overcomes this by utilising a strategy relaying on PrfA-mediated ActA-based aggregation. We show that L. monocytogenes forms aggregates in extracellular host cell environment, which promote approximately 5-fold more host cell adhesions than the non-aggregating actA-ΔC mutant (which lacks the C-terminus coding region), with the adhering bacteria inducing 3-fold more intracellular invasions. Aggregation is associated with robust MET tyrosine kinase receptor clustering in the host cells, a hallmark of InlB-mediated invasion, something not observed with the actA-ΔC mutant. Finally, we show via RNA-seq analyses that aggregation involves a global adaptive response to host cell environment (including iron depletion), resulting in metabolic changes in L. monocytogenes and upregulation of the PrfA virulence regulon. Overall, our analyses provide new mechanistic insights into internalin-mediated host-pathogen interactions of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Feltham
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Moran
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Goldrick
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Lord
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Spiller
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer S. Cavet
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Muldoon
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian. S. Roberts
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Paszek
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Tyritidis I, Tsioupros E, Christou P, Koutras N, Morfos V, Nika K. A non-invasive nanobody probe for high precision mapping of Lck spatial distribution. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1440499. [PMID: 39021567 PMCID: PMC11251914 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1440499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase Lck is mandatory for initiating signaling responses downstream the antigenic T cell receptor (TCR). Numerous studies have shown that a prerequisite for efficient and well-balanced Lck regulation and function is its finely orchestrated spatial distribution pattern, especially at the plane of the plasma membrane. There is a wealth of knowledge on Lck localization sites, preference for specialized lipid microenvironments and colocalization partners. However, several questions concerning the spatial organization of its differentially phosphorylated conformers and the dynamics of their juxtaposition in relation to ligated and non-ligated TCRs remain elusive. In this brief report we introduce a non-invasive nanobody-based approach for mapping Lck subcellular allocation with high precision. Our initial data using this methodology, provide insight into the topology of Lck in resting T cells and its confined localization in a strictly delimited environment within the plane of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Tyritidis
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsioupros
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Pantelis Christou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Koutras
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasileios Morfos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biology III, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Konstantina Nika
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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17
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Pathni A, Wagh K, Rey-Suarez I, Upadhyaya A. Mechanical regulation of lymphocyte activation and function. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs219030. [PMID: 38995113 PMCID: PMC11267459 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.219030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensing, or how cells sense and respond to the physical environment, is crucial for many aspects of biological function, ranging from cell movement during development to cancer metastasis, the immune response and gene expression driving cell fate determination. Relevant physical stimuli include the stiffness of the extracellular matrix, contractile forces, shear flows in blood vessels, complex topography of the cellular microenvironment and membrane protein mobility. Although mechanosensing has been more widely studied in non-immune cells, it has become increasingly clear that physical cues profoundly affect the signaling function of cells of the immune system. In this Review, we summarize recent studies on mechanical regulation of immune cells, specifically lymphocytes, and explore how the force-generating cytoskeletal machinery might mediate mechanosensing. We discuss general principles governing mechanical regulation of lymphocyte function, spanning from the molecular scale of receptor activation to cellular responses to mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashli Pathni
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Kaustubh Wagh
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ivan Rey-Suarez
- Insitute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Microcore, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, DC 111711, USA
| | - Arpita Upadhyaya
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Insitute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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18
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Sánchez MF, Faria S, Frühschulz S, Werkmann L, Winter C, Karimian T, Lanzerstorfer P, Plochberger B, Weghuber J, Tampé R. Engineering Mesoscale T Cell Receptor Clustering by Plug-and-Play Nanotools. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2310407. [PMID: 38924642 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) clustering and formation of an immune synapse are crucial for TCR signaling. However, limited information is available about these dynamic assemblies and their connection to transmembrane signaling. In this work, TCR clustering is controlled via plug-and-play nanotools based on an engineered irreversible conjugation pair and a peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecule to compare receptor assembly in a ligand (pMHC)-induced or ligand-independent manner. A streptavidin-binding peptide displayed in both tools enabled their anchoring in streptavidin-pre-structured matrices. Strikingly, pMHC-induced clustering in the confined regions exhibit higher density and dynamics than the ligand-free approach, indicating that the size and architecture of the pMHC ligand influences TCR assembly. This approach enables the control of membrane receptor clustering with high specificity and provides the possibility to explore different modalities of receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Florencia Sánchez
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sevi Faria
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Frühschulz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lars Werkmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Winter
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tina Karimian
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, 4600, Austria
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, 4600, Austria
| | - Birgit Plochberger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Campus Linz, Linz, 4020, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Donaueschingenstr. 13, Vienna, 1200, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Wels, 4600, Austria
- FFoQSI - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1D, Tulln an der Donau, 3430, Austria
| | - Robert Tampé
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Zhang Y, Liu S, Guo F, Qin S, Zhou N, Liu Z, Fan X, Chen PR. Bioorthogonal Quinone Methide Decaging Enables Live-Cell Quantification of Tumor-Specific Immune Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15186-15197. [PMID: 38789930 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Effective antitumor immunity hinges on the specific engagement between tumor and cytotoxic immune cells, especially cytotoxic T cells. Although investigating these intercellular interactions is crucial for characterizing immune responses and guiding immunotherapeutic applications, direct and quantitative detection of tumor-T cell interactions within a live-cell context remains challenging. We herein report a photocatalytic live-cell interaction labeling strategy (CAT-Cell) relying on the bioorthogonal decaging of quinone methide moieties for sensitive and selective investigation and quantification of tumor-T cell interactions. By developing quinone methide-derived probes optimized for capturing cell-cell interactions (CCIs), we demonstrated the capacity of CAT-Cell for detecting CCIs directed by various types of receptor-ligand pairs (e.g., CD40-CD40L, TCR-pMHC) and further quantified the strengths of tumor-T cell interactions that are crucial for evaluating the antitumor immune responses. We further applied CAT-Cell for ex vivo quantification of tumor-specific T cell interactions on splenocyte and solid tumor samples from mouse models. Finally, the broad compatibility and utility of CAT-Cell were demonstrated by integrating it with the antigen-specific targeting system as well as for tumor-natural killer cell interaction detection. By leveraging the bioorthogonal photocatalytic decaging chemistry on quinone methide, CAT-Cell provides a sensitive, tunable, universal, and noninvasive toolbox for unraveling and quantifying the crucial but delicate tumor-immune interactions under live-cell settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shibo Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fuhu Guo
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shan Qin
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinyuan Fan
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng R Chen
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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20
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Koncz B, Balogh GM, Manczinger M. A journey to your self: The vague definition of immune self and its practical implications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2309674121. [PMID: 38722806 PMCID: PMC11161755 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309674121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of immunogenic peptides has become essential in an increasing number of fields in immunology, ranging from tumor immunotherapy to vaccine development. The nature of the adaptive immune response is shaped by the similarity between foreign and self-protein sequences, a concept extensively applied in numerous studies. Can we precisely define the degree of similarity to self? Furthermore, do we accurately define immune self? In the current work, we aim to unravel the conceptual and mechanistic vagueness hindering the assessment of self-similarity. Accordingly, we demonstrate the remarkably low consistency among commonly employed measures and highlight potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Koncz
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN) Biological Research Centre, Szeged6726, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine - Biological Research Centre (HCEMM-BRC) Systems Immunology Research Group, Szeged6726, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged6720, Hungary
| | - Gergő Mihály Balogh
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN) Biological Research Centre, Szeged6726, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine - Biological Research Centre (HCEMM-BRC) Systems Immunology Research Group, Szeged6726, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged6720, Hungary
| | - Máté Manczinger
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN) Biological Research Centre, Szeged6726, Hungary
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine - Biological Research Centre (HCEMM-BRC) Systems Immunology Research Group, Szeged6726, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged6720, Hungary
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21
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Karlsson F, Kallas T, Thiagarajan D, Karlsson M, Schweitzer M, Navarro JF, Leijonancker L, Geny S, Pettersson E, Rhomberg-Kauert J, Larsson L, van Ooijen H, Petkov S, González-Granillo M, Bunz J, Dahlberg J, Simonetti M, Sathe P, Brodin P, Barrio AM, Fredriksson S. Molecular pixelation: spatial proteomics of single cells by sequencing. Nat Methods 2024; 21:1044-1052. [PMID: 38720062 PMCID: PMC11166577 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of cell surface proteins governs vital processes of the immune system such as intercellular communication and mobility. However, fluorescence microscopy has limited scalability in the multiplexing and throughput needed to drive spatial proteomics discoveries at subcellular level. We present Molecular Pixelation (MPX), an optics-free, DNA sequence-based method for spatial proteomics of single cells using antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs) and DNA-based, nanometer-sized molecular pixels. The relative locations of AOCs are inferred by sequentially associating them into local neighborhoods using the sequence-unique DNA pixels, forming >1,000 spatially connected zones per cell in 3D. For each single cell, DNA-sequencing reads are computationally arranged into spatial proteomics networks for 76 proteins. By studying immune cell dynamics using spatial statistics on graph representations of the data, we identify known and new patterns of spatial organization of proteins on chemokine-stimulated T cells, highlighting the potential of MPX in defining cell states by the spatial arrangement of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Petter Brodin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Medical Research Council London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Imperial College Hammersmith Campus, London, UK
| | | | - Simon Fredriksson
- Pixelgen Technologies AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Protein Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
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22
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Camerini E, Amsen D, Kater AP, Peters FS. The complexities of T-cell dysfunction in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Semin Hematol 2024; 61:163-171. [PMID: 38782635 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a B-cell malignancy characterized by profound alterations and defects in the T-cell compartment. This observation has gained renewed interest as T-cell treatment strategies, which are successfully applied in more aggressive B-cell malignancies, have yielded disappointing results in CLL. Despite ongoing efforts to understand and address the observed T-cell defects, the exact mechanisms and nature underlying this dysfunction remain largely unknown. In this review, we examine the supporting signals from T cells to CLL cells in the lymph node niche, summarize key findings on T-cell functional defects, delve into potential underlying causes, and explore novel strategies for reversing these deficiencies. Our goal is to identify strategies aimed at resolving CLL-induced T-cell dysfunction which, in the future, will enhance the efficacy of autologous T-cell-based therapies for CLL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Camerini
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Derk Amsen
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Landsteiner Laboratory for Blood Cell Research at Sanquin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arnon P Kater
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Fleur S Peters
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Kim SE, Yun S, Doh J, Kim HN. Imaging-Based Efficacy Evaluation of Cancer Immunotherapy in Engineered Tumor Platforms and Tumor Organoids. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400475. [PMID: 38815251 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is used to treat tumors by modulating the immune system. Although the anticancer efficacy of cancer immunotherapy has been evaluated prior to clinical trials, conventional in vivo animal and endpoint models inadequately replicate the intricate process of tumor elimination and reflect human-specific immune systems. Therefore, more sophisticated models that mimic the complex tumor-immune microenvironment must be employed to assess the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Additionally, using real-time imaging technology, a step-by-step evaluation can be applied, allowing for a more precise assessment of treatment efficacy. Here, an overview of the various imaging-based evaluation platforms recently developed for cancer immunotherapeutic applications is presented. Specifically, a fundamental technique is discussed for stably observing immune cell-based tumor cell killing using direct imaging, a microwell that reproduces a confined space for spatial observation, a droplet assay that facilitates cell-cell interactions, and a 3D microphysiological system that reconstructs the vascular environment. Furthermore, it is suggested that future evaluation platforms pursue more human-like immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Eun Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Suji Yun
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Junsang Doh
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Institute of Engineering Research, Bio-MAX institute, Soft Foundry Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Hong Nam Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei-KIST Convergence Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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24
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Jin Y, Miyama T, Brown A, Hayase T, Song X, Singh AK, Huang L, Flores II, McDaniel LK, Glover I, Halsey TM, Prasad R, Chapa V, Ahmed S, Zhang J, Rai K, Peterson CB, Lizee G, Karmouch J, Hayase E, Molldrem JJ, Chang CC, Tsai WB, Jenq RR. Tsyn-Seq: a T-cell Synapse-Based Antigen Identification Platform. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:530-543. [PMID: 38363296 PMCID: PMC11065584 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Tools for genome-wide rapid identification of peptide-major histocompatibility complex targets of T-cell receptors (TCR) are not yet universally available. We present a new antigen screening method, the T-synapse (Tsyn) reporter system, which includes antigen-presenting cells (APC) with a Fas-inducible NF-κB reporter and T cells with a nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) reporter. To functionally screen for target antigens from a cDNA library, productively interacting T cell-APC aggregates were detected by dual-reporter activity and enriched by flow sorting followed by antigen identification quantified by deep sequencing (Tsyn-seq). When applied to a previously characterized TCR specific for the E7 antigen derived from human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16), Tsyn-seq successfully enriched the correct cognate antigen from a cDNA library derived from an HPV16-positive cervical cancer cell line. Tsyn-seq provides a method for rapidly identifying antigens recognized by TCRs of interest from a tumor cDNA library. See related Spotlight by Makani and Joglekar, p. 515.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Jin
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Takahiko Miyama
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Alexandria Brown
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Tomo Hayase
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Xingzhi Song
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Anand K. Singh
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Licai Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ivonne I. Flores
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Lauren K. McDaniel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Israel Glover
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Taylor M. Halsey
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Rishika Prasad
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Valerie Chapa
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Saira Ahmed
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Kunal Rai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Christine B. Peterson
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Gregory Lizee
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer Karmouch
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Eiko Hayase
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Molldrem
- Department of Hematopoietic Biology & Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Wen-Bin Tsai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
| | - Robert R. Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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25
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Schafer S, Chen K, Ma L. Crosstalking with Dendritic Cells: A Path to Engineer Advanced T Cell Immunotherapy. FRONTIERS IN SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:1372995. [PMID: 38911455 PMCID: PMC11192543 DOI: 10.3389/fsysb.2024.1372995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Crosstalk between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses in natural and pathological conditions. DC-T cell crosstalk is achieved through contact-dependent (i.e., immunological synapse) and contact-independent mechanisms (i.e., cytokines). Activated DCs upregulate co-stimulatory signals and secrete proinflammatory cytokines to orchestrate T cell activation and differentiation. Conversely, activated T helper cells "license" DCs towards maturation, while regulatory T cells (Tregs) silence DCs to elicit tolerogenic immunity. Strategies to efficiently modulate the DC-T cell crosstalk can be harnessed to promote immune activation for cancer immunotherapy or immune tolerance for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the natural crosstalk mechanisms between DC and T cells. We highlight bioengineering approaches to modulate DC-T cell crosstalk, including conventional vaccines, synthetic vaccines, and DC-mimics, and key seminal studies leveraging these approaches to steer immune response for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogand Schafer
- Center for Craniofacial Innovation, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kaige Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Leyuan Ma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, US
- The Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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26
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Simon S, Bugos G, Prins R, Rajan A, Palani A, Heyer K, Stevens A, Zeng L, Thompson K, Price JP, Kluesner MK, Jaeger-Ruckstuhl C, Shabaneh TB, Olson JM, Su X, Riddell SR. Sensitive bispecific chimeric T cell receptors for cancer therapy. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4253777. [PMID: 38746248 PMCID: PMC11092799 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4253777/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The expression of a synthetic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to redirect antigen specificity of T cells is transforming the treatment of hematological malignancies and autoimmune diseases [1-7]. In cancer, durable efficacy is frequently limited by the escape of tumors that express low levels or lack the target antigen [8-12]. These clinical results emphasize the need for immune receptors that combine high sensitivity and multispecificity to improve outcomes. Current mono- and bispecific CARs do not faithfully recapitulate T cell receptor (TCR) function and require high antigen levels on tumor cells for recognition [13-17]. Here, we describe a novel synthetic chimeric TCR (ChTCR) that exhibits superior antigen sensitivity and is readily adapted for bispecific targeting. Bispecific ChTCRs mimic TCR structure, form classical immune synapses, and exhibit TCR-like proximal signaling. T cells expressing Bi-ChTCRs more effectively eliminated tumors with heterogeneous antigen expression in vivo compared to T cells expressing optimized bispecific CARs. The Bi-ChTCR architecture is resilient and can be designed to target multiple B cell lineage and multiple myeloma antigens. Our findings identify a broadly applicable approach for engineering T cells to target hematologic malignancies with heterogeneous antigen expression, thereby overcoming the most frequent mechanism of relapse after current CAR T therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Simon
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Grace Bugos
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rachel Prins
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anusha Rajan
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Arulmozhi Palani
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kersten Heyer
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew Stevens
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Longhui Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kirsten Thompson
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jason P Price
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Ben Towne Center For Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Mitchell K Kluesner
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Carla Jaeger-Ruckstuhl
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Tamer B Shabaneh
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - James M Olson
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Ben Towne Center For Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Xiaolei Su
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Stanley R Riddell
- Translational Sciences and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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27
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Yapp C, Nirmal AJ, Zhou F, Maliga Z, Tefft JB, Llopis PM, Murphy GF, Lian CG, Danuser G, Santagata S, Sorger PK. Multiplexed 3D Analysis of Immune States and Niches in Human Tissue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.10.566670. [PMID: 38014052 PMCID: PMC10680601 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.566670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis and the emergence of disease are controlled by changes in the proportions of resident and recruited cells, their organization into cellular neighbourhoods, and their interactions with acellular tissue components. Highly multiplexed tissue profiling (spatial omics)1 makes it possible to study this microenvironment in situ, usually in 4-5 micron thick sections (the standard histopathology format)2. Microscopy-based tissue profiling is commonly performed at a resolution sufficient to determine cell types but not to detect subtle morphological features associated with cytoskeletal reorganisation, juxtracrine signalling, or membrane trafficking3. Here we describe a high-resolution 3D imaging approach able to characterize a wide variety of organelles and structures at sub-micron scale while simultaneously quantifying millimetre-scale spatial features. This approach combines cyclic immunofluorescence (CyCIF) imaging4 of over 50 markers with confocal microscopy of archival human tissue thick enough (30-40 microns) to fully encompass two or more layers of intact cells. 3D imaging of entire cell volumes substantially improves the accuracy of cell phenotyping and allows cell proximity to be scored using plasma membrane apposition, not just nuclear position. In pre-invasive melanoma in situ5, precise phenotyping shows that adjacent melanocytic cells are plastic in state and participate in tightly localised niches of interferon signalling near sites of initial invasion into the underlying dermis. In this and metastatic melanoma, mature and precursor T cells engage in an unexpectedly diverse array of juxtracrine and membrane-membrane interactions as well as looser "neighbourhood" associations6 whose morphologies reveal functional states. These data provide new insight into the transitions occurring during early tumour formation and immunoediting and demonstrate the potential for phenotyping of tissues at a level of detail previously restricted to cultured cells and organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence Yapp
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ajit J. Nirmal
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Felix Zhou
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zoltan Maliga
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Juliann B. Tefft
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paula Montero Llopis
- Microscopy Resources on the North Quad (MicRoN), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George F. Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christine G. Lian
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gaudenz Danuser
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Sandro Santagata
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter K. Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Ludwig Centre at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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28
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Reggiani F, Talarico G, Gobbi G, Sauta E, Torricelli F, Manicardi V, Zanetti E, Orecchioni S, Falvo P, Piana S, Lococo F, Paci M, Bertolini F, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. BET inhibitors drive Natural Killer activation in non-small cell lung cancer via BRD4 and SMAD3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2567. [PMID: 38519469 PMCID: PMC10960013 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancer and one of the pioneer tumors in which immunotherapy has radically changed patients' outcomes. However, several issues are emerging and their implementation is required to optimize immunotherapy-based protocols. In this work, we investigate the ability of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal protein inhibitors (BETi) to stimulate a proficient anti-tumor immune response toward NSCLC. By using in vitro, ex-vivo, and in vivo models, we demonstrate that these epigenetic drugs specifically enhance Natural Killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. BETi down-regulate a large set of NK inhibitory receptors, including several immune checkpoints (ICs), that are direct targets of the transcriptional cooperation between the BET protein BRD4 and the transcription factor SMAD3. Overall, BETi orchestrate an epigenetic reprogramming that leads to increased recognition of tumor cells and the killing ability of NK cells. Our results unveil the opportunity to exploit and repurpose these drugs in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Reggiani
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Talarico
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Gobbi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sauta
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Manicardi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Biobank, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Orecchioni
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Falvo
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Biobank, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Filippo Lococo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Paci
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Albarrán V, San Román M, Pozas J, Chamorro J, Rosero DI, Guerrero P, Calvo JC, González C, García de Quevedo C, Pérez de Aguado P, Moreno J, Cortés A, Soria A. Adoptive T cell therapy for solid tumors: current landscape and future challenges. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1352805. [PMID: 38550594 PMCID: PMC10972864 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) comprises different strategies to enhance the activity of T lymphocytes and other effector cells that orchestrate the antitumor immune response, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR) gene-modified T cells, and therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The outstanding results of CAR-T cells in some hematologic malignancies have launched the investigation of ACT in patients with refractory solid malignancies. However, certain characteristics of solid tumors, such as their antigenic heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment, hamper the efficacy of antigen-targeted treatments. Other ACT modalities, such as TIL therapy, have emerged as promising new strategies. TIL therapy has shown safety and promising activity in certain immunogenic cancers, mainly advanced melanoma, with an exciting rationale for its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the implementation of TIL therapy in clinical practice is hindered by several biological, logistic, and economic challenges. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge, available clinical results, and potential areas of future research regarding the use of T cell therapy in patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Albarrán
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María San Román
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pozas
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesús Chamorro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Isabel Rosero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Guerrero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Calvo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos González
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Jaime Moreno
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cortés
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Soria
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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30
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Tang Y, Liao X, Cao Y. A Proximity-Dependent Biosensor System for Visualizing Cell-Cell Interactions Induced by Therapeutic Antibodies. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:579-586. [PMID: 38103691 PMCID: PMC10922735 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite the promise of therapeutic antibodies in engaging the immune system to eliminate malignant cells, many aspects of the complex interplay between immune cells and cancer cells induced by antibody therapy remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to develop a biosensor system that can evaluate direct cell-cell physical contact and interactions between immune effector and target cells induced by therapeutic antibodies in physiologically relevant environments. The system uses two structural complementary luciferase units (SmBit and LgBit) expressed on the respective membranes of effector and target cells. Upon cell-cell contact, the two subunits form active NanoLuc, generating a luminescent signal, allowing for real-time monitoring of cell-cell interactions and quantitatively assessing the pharmacological effects of therapeutic antibodies. We optimized the system to ensure selectivity by adjusting the spacer lengths between two luciferase units to minimize interference from nonspecific intercellular contact. The system was applied to quantitatively monitor cell-cell interactions between NK and target cells induced by rituximab and between T and target cells induced by blinatumomab in a 3D cell culture system. The biosensor system has the potential to characterize antibody pharmacology through a deeper understanding of antibody-mediated cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. 27599, United States
| | - XiaoZhi Liao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. 27599, United States
| | - Yanguang Cao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. 27599, United States; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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31
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Nakandakari-Higa S, Walker S, Canesso MCC, van der Heide V, Chudnovskiy A, Kim DY, Jacobsen JT, Parsa R, Bilanovic J, Parigi SM, Fiedorczuk K, Fuchs E, Bilate AM, Pasqual G, Mucida D, Kamphorst AO, Pritykin Y, Victora GD. Universal recording of immune cell interactions in vivo. Nature 2024; 627:399-406. [PMID: 38448581 PMCID: PMC11078586 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Immune cells rely on transient physical interactions with other immune and non-immune populations to regulate their function1. To study these 'kiss-and-run' interactions directly in vivo, we previously developed LIPSTIC (labelling immune partnerships by SorTagging intercellular contacts)2, an approach that uses enzymatic transfer of a labelled substrate between the molecular partners CD40L and CD40 to label interacting cells. Reliance on this pathway limited the use of LIPSTIC to measuring interactions between CD4+ T helper cells and antigen-presenting cells, however. Here we report the development of a universal version of LIPSTIC (uLIPSTIC), which can record physical interactions both among immune cells and between immune and non-immune populations irrespective of the receptors and ligands involved. We show that uLIPSTIC can be used, among other things, to monitor the priming of CD8+ T cells by dendritic cells, reveal the steady-state cellular partners of regulatory T cells and identify germinal centre-resident T follicular helper cells on the basis of their ability to interact cognately with germinal centre B cells. By coupling uLIPSTIC with single-cell transcriptomics, we build a catalogue of the immune populations that physically interact with intestinal epithelial cells at the steady state and profile the evolution of the interactome of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific CD8+ T cells in multiple organs following systemic infection. Thus, uLIPSTIC provides a broadly useful technology for measuring and understanding cell-cell interactions across multiple biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Walker
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Maria C C Canesso
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Verena van der Heide
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aleksey Chudnovskiy
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dong-Yoon Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Johanne T Jacobsen
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roham Parsa
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jana Bilanovic
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Martina Parigi
- Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karol Fiedorczuk
- Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angelina M Bilate
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giulia Pasqual
- Laboratory of Synthetic Immunology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Daniel Mucida
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alice O Kamphorst
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuri Pritykin
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Gabriel D Victora
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Casey M, Lee C, Kwok WY, Law SC, Corvino D, Gandhi MK, Harrison SJ, Nakamura K. Regulatory T cells hamper the efficacy of T-cell-engaging bispecific antibody therapy. Haematologica 2024; 109:787-798. [PMID: 37767564 PMCID: PMC10905103 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies (T-BsAb) have produced impressive clinical responses in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies, although treatment failure remains a major clinical challenge. Growing evidence suggests that a complex interplay between immune cells and tumor cells is implicated in the mechanism of action and therefore, understanding immune regulatory mechanisms might provide a clue for how to improve the efficacy of T-BsAb therapy. Here, we investigated the functional impact of regulatory T (Treg) cells on anti-tumor immunity elicited by T-BsAb therapy. In a preclinical model of myeloma, the activation and expansion of Treg cells in the bone marrow were observed in response to anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) T-BsAb therapy. T-BsAb triggered the generation of induced Treg cells from human conventional CD4 cells after co-culture with tumor cells. Moreover, T-BsAb directly activated freshly isolated circulating Treg cells, leading to the production of interleukin-10 and inhibition of T-BsAb-mediated CD8 T-cell responses. The activation of Treg cells was also seen in bone marrow samples from myeloma patients after ex vivo treatment with T-BsAb, further supporting that T-BsAb have an impact on Treg homeostasis. Importantly, transient ablation of Treg cells in combination with T-BsAb therapy dramatically improved effector lymphocyte activities and disease control in the preclinical myeloma model, leading to prolonged survival. Together, this information suggests that therapy-induced activation of Treg cells critically regulates anti-tumor immunity elicited by T-BsAb therapy, with important implications for improving the efficacy of such treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Casey
- Immune Targeting in Blood Cancers Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD
| | - Carol Lee
- Immune Targeting in Blood Cancers Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD
| | - Wing Yu Kwok
- Immune Targeting in Blood Cancers Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD
| | - Soi Cheng Law
- Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Dillon Corvino
- Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn
| | | | - Simon J Harrison
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum, Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville
| | - Kyohei Nakamura
- Immune Targeting in Blood Cancers Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD.
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Zhou X, Geyer FK, Happel D, Takimoto J, Kolmar H, Rabinovich B. Using protein geometry to optimize cytotoxicity and the cytokine window of a ROR1 specific T cell engager. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1323049. [PMID: 38455046 PMCID: PMC10917902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1323049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell engaging bispecific antibodies have shown clinical proof of concept for hematologic malignancies. Still, cytokine release syndrome, neurotoxicity, and on-target-off-tumor toxicity, especially in the solid tumor setting, represent major obstacles. Second generation TCEs have been described that decouple cytotoxicity from cytokine release by reducing the apparent binding affinity for CD3 and/or the TAA but the results of such engineering have generally led only to reduced maximum induction of cytokine release and often at the expense of maximum cytotoxicity. Using ROR1 as our model TAA and highly modular camelid nanobodies, we describe the engineering of a next generation decoupled TCE that incorporates a "cytokine window" defined as a dose range in which maximal killing is reached but cytokine release may be modulated from very low for safety to nearly that induced by first generation TCEs. This latter attribute supports pro-inflammatory anti-tumor activity including bystander killing and can potentially be used by clinicians to safely titrate patient dose to that which mediates maximum efficacy that is postulated as greater than that possible using standard second generation approaches. We used a combined method of optimizing TCE mediated synaptic distance and apparent affinity tuning of the TAA binding arms to generate a relatively long but persistent synapse that supports a wide cytokine window, potent killing and a reduced propensity towards immune exhaustion. Importantly, this next generation TCE induced significant tumor growth inhibition in vivo but unlike a first-generation non-decoupled benchmark TCE that induced lethal CRS, no signs of adverse events were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Zhou
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fuse Biotherapeutics, Woburn, MA, United States
| | - Felix Klaus Geyer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominic Happel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jeffrey Takimoto
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fuse Biotherapeutics, Woburn, MA, United States
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Brian Rabinovich
- Drug Discovery and Development, Fuse Biotherapeutics, Woburn, MA, United States
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Partin AC, Bruno R, Shafaattalab S, Vander Mause E, Winters A, Daris M, Gahrs C, Jette CA, DiAndreth B, Sandberg ML, Hamburger AE, Kamb A, Riley TP. Geometric parameters that affect the behavior of logic-gated CAR T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1304765. [PMID: 38343543 PMCID: PMC10853413 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1304765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical applications of CAR-T cells are limited by the scarcity of tumor-specific targets and are often afflicted with the same on-target/off-tumor toxicities that plague other cancer treatments. A new promising strategy to enforce tumor selectivity is the use of logic-gated, two-receptor systems. One well-described application is termed Tmod™, which originally utilized a blocking inhibitory receptor directed towards HLA-I target antigens to create a protective NOT gate. Here we show that the function of Tmod blockers targeting non-HLA-I antigens is dependent on the height of the blocker antigen and is generally compatible with small, membrane-proximal targets. We compensate for this apparent limitation by incorporating modular hinge units to artificially extend or retract the ligand-binding domains relative to the effector cell surface, thereby modulating Tmod activator and blocker function. By accounting for structural differences between activator and blocker targets, we developed a set of simple geometric parameters for Tmod receptor design that enables targeting of blocker antigens beyond HLA-I, thereby broadening the applications of logic-gated cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexander Kamb
- A2 Biotherapeutics, Inc., Agoura Hills, CA, United States
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Perez C, Plaza-Rojas L, Boucher JC, Nagy MZ, Kostenko E, Prajapati K, Burke B, Reyes MD, Austin AL, Zhang S, Le PT, Guevara-Patino JA. NKG2D receptor signaling shapes T cell thymic education. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:306-321. [PMID: 37949818 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) in peripheral T cells as a costimulatory receptor is well established. However, its contribution to T cell thymic education and functional imprint is unknown. Here, we report significant changes in development, receptor signaling, transcriptional program, and function in T cells from mice lacking NKG2D signaling. In C57BL/6 (B6) and OT-I mice, we found that NKG2D deficiency results in Vβ chain usage changes and stagnation of the double-positive stage in thymic T cell development. We found that the expression of CD5 and CD45 in thymocytes from NKG2D deficient mice were reduced, indicating a direct influence of NKG2D on the strength of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling during the developmental stage of T cells. Depicting the functional consequences of NKG2D, peripheral OT-I NKG2D-deficient cells were unresponsive to ovalbumin peptide stimulation. Paradoxically, while αCD3/CD28 agonist antibodies led to phenotypic T cell activation, their ability to produce cytokines remained severely compromised. We found that OT-I NKG2D-deficient cells activate STAT5 in response to interleukin-15 but were unable to phosphorylate ERK or S6 upon TCR engagement, underpinning a defect in TCR signaling. Finally, we showed that NKG2D is expressed in mouse and human thymic T cells at the double-negative stage, suggesting an evolutionarily conserved function during T cell development. The data presented in this study indicate that NKG2D impacts thymic T cell development at a fundamental level by reducing the TCR threshold and affecting the functional imprint of the thymic progeny. In summary, understanding the impact of NKG2D on thymic T cell development and TCR signaling contributes to our knowledge of immune system regulation, immune dysregulation, and the design of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Perez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Lourdes Plaza-Rojas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Justin C Boucher
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Mate Z Nagy
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Elena Kostenko
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Kushal Prajapati
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Brianna Burke
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Michael Delos Reyes
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Anna L Austin
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Shubin Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - Phong T Le
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
| | - José A Guevara-Patino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL 60153, United States
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
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Mangelinck A, Dubuisson A, Becht E, Dromaint-Catesson S, Fasquel M, Provost N, Walas D, Darville H, Galizzi JP, Lefebvre C, Blanc V, Lombardi V. Characterization of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells responses in the mixed lymphocyte reaction by flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1320481. [PMID: 38283342 PMCID: PMC10820991 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1320481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) consists in the allogeneic co-culture of monocytes derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) with T cells from another donor. This in vitro assay is largely used for the assessment of immunotherapy compounds. Nevertheless, the phenotypic changes associated with lymphocyte responsiveness under MLR have never been thoroughly evaluated. Methods Here, we used multiplex cytokine and chemokine assays, multiparametric flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing to deeply characterize T cells activation and function in the context of CD4+- and CD8+-specific MLR kinetics. Results We showed that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in MLR share common classical markers of response such as polyfunctionality, increased proliferation and CD25 expression but differ in their kinetics and amplitude of activation as well as their patterns of cytokines secretion and immune checkpoints expression. The analysis of immunoreactive Ki-67+CD25+ T cells identified PBK, LRR1 and MYO1G as new potential markers of MLR response. Using cell-cell communication network inference and pathway analysis on single cell RNA sequencing data, we also highlighted key components of the immunological synapse occurring between T cells and the stimulatory MoDCs together with downstream signaling pathways involved in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells activation. Conclusion These results provide a deep understanding of the kinetics of the MLR assay for CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and may allow to better characterize compounds impacting MLR and eventually identify new strategies for immunotherapy in cancer.
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Lee HN, Lee SE, Inn KS, Seong J. Optical sensing and control of T cell signaling pathways. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1321996. [PMID: 38269062 PMCID: PMC10806162 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1321996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells regulate adaptive immune responses through complex signaling pathways mediated by T cell receptor (TCR). The functional domains of the TCR are combined with specific antibodies for the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. In this review, we first overview current understanding on the T cell signaling pathways as well as traditional methods that have been widely used for the T cell study. These methods, however, are still limited to investigating dynamic molecular events with spatiotemporal resolutions. Therefore, genetically encoded biosensors and optogenetic tools have been developed to study dynamic T cell signaling pathways in live cells. We review these cutting-edge technologies that revealed dynamic and complex molecular mechanisms at each stage of T cell signaling pathways. They have been primarily applied to the study of dynamic molecular events in TCR signaling, and they will further aid in understanding the mechanisms of CAR activation and function. Therefore, genetically encoded biosensors and optogenetic tools offer powerful tools for enhancing our understanding of signaling mechanisms in T cells and CAR-T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Nim Lee
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technoloy, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Inn
- Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Seong
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
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Ruiz-Navarro J, Calvo V, Izquierdo M. Extracellular vesicles and microvilli in the immune synapse. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1324557. [PMID: 38268920 PMCID: PMC10806406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1324557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) binding to cognate antigen on the plasma membrane of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) triggers the immune synapse (IS) formation. The IS constitutes a dedicated contact region between different cells that comprises a signaling platform where several cues evoked by TCR and accessory molecules are integrated, ultimately leading to an effective TCR signal transmission that guarantees intercellular message communication. This eventually leads to T lymphocyte activation and the efficient execution of different T lymphocyte effector tasks, including cytotoxicity and subsequent target cell death. Recent evidence demonstrates that the transmission of information between immune cells forming synapses is produced, to a significant extent, by the generation and secretion of distinct extracellular vesicles (EV) from both the effector T lymphocyte and the APC. These EV carry biologically active molecules that transfer cues among immune cells leading to a broad range of biological responses in the recipient cells. Included among these bioactive molecules are regulatory miRNAs, pro-apoptotic molecules implicated in target cell apoptosis, or molecules triggering cell activation. In this study we deal with the different EV classes detected at the IS, placing emphasis on the most recent findings on microvilli/lamellipodium-produced EV. The signals leading to polarized secretion of EV at the synaptic cleft will be discussed, showing that the IS architecture fulfills a fundamental task during this route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ruiz-Navarro
- Department of Metabolism and Cell Signaling, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Calvo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Izquierdo
- Department of Metabolism and Cell Signaling, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (IIBM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
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Zhang T, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Song R, Wang Y, Li K, Zhou H, Wang F, Zhou S, Zhao M, Zhu H, Zhang W, Yang Z, Liu Z. Annotation of CD8 + T-cell function via ICAM-1 imaging identifies FAK inhibition as an adjuvant to augment the antitumor immunity of radiotherapy. Theranostics 2024; 14:699-713. [PMID: 38169608 PMCID: PMC10758046 DOI: 10.7150/thno.90709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy (RT) may trigger systemic antitumor immunity, manifesting as regression of non-irradiated lesions (abscopal effect). Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a key molecule involved in the abscopal effect of RT. However, the specific function of ICAM-1 in CD8+ T cells during antitumor immune responses remains unclear. Herein, we investigated whether noninvasive imaging of ICAM-1 can be used to annotate CD8+ T-cell function, thereby better selecting combinational therapy to enhance the antitumor immunity induced by RT. Methods: Using knockout mouse models, we investigated the role of ICAM-1 expressed on CD8+ T cells in the antitumor immunity of RT and conducted drug screening guided by ICAM-1-targeted noninvasive imaging. Results: The systemic antitumor effect of RT relies on the expression of ICAM-1 on CD8+ T cells. ICAM-1 expression is essential for CD8+ T-cell activation, proliferation, and effector function. Noninvasive annotation of the proliferation and effector function of CD8+ T cells by ICAM-1-targeted imaging identified VS-6063, a focal adhesion kinase inhibitor, as a new adjuvant to augment systemic antitumor immunity of RT in an immunologically "cold" tumor model. Mechanistically, VS-6063 overcomes the physical barriers in tumors and promotes the migration and infiltration of CD8+ T cells primed by RT into distant tumors. Conclusion: Our findings highlight that molecular imaging of ICAM-1 levels provides a dynamic readout of the proliferation and effector function of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, which facilitates the high-throughput exploitation of new combinational drugs to maximize the systemic antitumor effect of RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui Song
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanpu Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kui Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haoyi Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Shixin Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meixin Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Zhaofei Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Deftereos SN, Vavougios GD, Bakirtzis C, Hadjigeorgiou G, Grigoriadis N. Effects of High Efficacy Multiple Sclerosis Disease Modifying Drugs on the Immune Synapse: A Systematic Review. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:536-551. [PMID: 38343058 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128288102240131053205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-signaling and adhesion molecules are important elements for creating immune synapses between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells; they positively or negatively regulate the interaction between a T cell receptor with its cognate antigen, presented by the major histocompatibility complex. OBJECTIVES We conducted a systematic review on the effects of High Efficacy Disease Modifying Drugs (HEDMDs) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) on the co-signaling and adhesion molecules that form the immune synapse. METHODS We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and other sources to identify clinical or preclinical reports on the effects of HEDMDs on co-signaling and adhesion molecules that participate in the formation of immune synapses in patients with MS or other autoimmune disorders. We included reports on cladribine tablets, anti- CD20 monoclonal antibodies, S1P modulators, inhibitors of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase, and natalizumab. RESULTS In 56 eligible reports among 7340 total publications, limited relevant evidence was uncovered. Not all co-signaling and adhesion molecules have been studied in relation to every HEDMD, with more data being available on the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (that affect CD80, CD86, GITR and TIGIT), cladribine tablets (affecting CD28, CD40, ICAM-1, LFA-1) and the S1P modulators (affecting CD86, ICAM-1 and LFA-1) and less on Natalizumab (affecting CD80, CD86, CD40, LFA-1, VLA-4) and Alemtuzumab (affecting GITR and CTLA-4). CONCLUSION The puzzle of HEDMD effects on the immune synapse is far from complete. The available evidence suggests that distinguishing differences exist between drugs and are worth pursuing further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros N Deftereos
- Second Department of Neurology, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (S.U.B.R.E.), School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Merck S.A., Greece, an Affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - George D Vavougios
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christos Bakirtzis
- Second Department of Neurology, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (S.U.B.R.E.), School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Hadjigeorgiou
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Cyprus Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Second Department of Neurology, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education (S.U.B.R.E.), School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Takayanagi SI, Wang B, Hasegawa S, Nishikawa S, Fukumoto K, Nakano K, Chuganji S, Kato Y, Kamibayashi S, Minagawa A, Kunisato A, Nozawa H, Kaneko S. Mini-TCRs: Truncated T cell receptors to generate T cells from induced pluripotent stem cells. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 31:101109. [PMID: 37822720 PMCID: PMC10562677 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic T cell platforms utilizing induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology exhibit significant promise for the facilitation of adoptive immunotherapies. While mature T cell receptor (TCR) signaling plays a crucial role in generating T cells from iPSCs, the introduction of exogenous mature TCR genes carries a potential risk of causing graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). In this study, we present the development of truncated TCRα and TCRβ chains, termed mini-TCRs, which lack variable domains responsible for recognizing human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-peptide complexes. We successfully induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) from iPSCs by employing mini-TCRs. Combinations of TCRα and TCRβ fragments were screened from mini-TCR libraries based on the surface localization of CD3 proteins and their ability to transduce T cell signaling. Consequently, mini-TCR-expressing iPSCs underwent physiological T cell development, progressing from the CD4 and CD8 double-positive stage to the CD8 single-positive stage. The resulting iPSC-derived CTLs exhibited comparable cytokine production and cytotoxicity in comparison to that of full-length TCR-expressing T lymphocytes when chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) were expressed. These findings demonstrate the potential of mini-TCR-carrying iPSCs as a versatile platform for CAR T cell therapy, offering a promising avenue for advancing adoptive immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Takayanagi
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Bo Wang
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Shinobi Therapeutics, Inc., 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Saki Hasegawa
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishikawa
- R&D Division, Kyowa Kirin Co. Ltd, 3-6-6 Asahi-machi, Machida-shi, Tokyo 194-8533, Japan
| | - Ken Fukumoto
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakano
- Shinobi Therapeutics, Inc., 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Sayaka Chuganji
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuya Kato
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Sanae Kamibayashi
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsutaka Minagawa
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kunisato
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hajime Nozawa
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Shin Kaneko
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Shinobi Therapeutics, Inc., 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Liu L, Yoon CW, Yuan Z, Guo T, Qu Y, He P, Yu X, Zhu Z, Limsakul P, Wang Y. Cellular and molecular imaging of CAR-T cell-based immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115135. [PMID: 37931847 PMCID: PMC11052581 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a transformative therapeutic strategy for hematological malignancies. However, its efficacy in treating solid tumors remains limited. An in-depth and comprehensive understanding of CAR-T cell signaling pathways and the ability to track CAR-T cell biodistribution and activation in real-time within the tumor microenvironment will be instrumental in designing the next generation of CAR-T cells for solid tumor therapy. This review summarizes the signaling network and the cellular and molecular imaging tools and platforms that are utilized in CAR-T cell-based immune therapies, covering both in vitro and in vivo studies. Firstly, we provide an overview of the existing understanding of the activation and cytotoxic mechanisms of CAR-T cells, compared to the mechanism of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathways. We further describe the commonly employed tools for live cell imaging, coupled with recent research progress, with a focus on genetically encoded fluorescent proteins (FPs) and biosensors. We then discuss the utility of diverse in vivo imaging modalities, including fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and photoacoustic (PA) imaging, for noninvasive monitoring of CAR-T cell dynamics within tumor tissues, thereby providing critical insights into therapy's strengths and weaknesses. Lastly, we discuss the current challenges and future directions of CAR-T cell therapy from the imaging perspective. We foresee that a comprehensive and integrative approach to CAR-T cell imaging will enable the development of more effective treatments for solid tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Liu
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Chi Woo Yoon
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Zhou Yuan
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Tianze Guo
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yunjia Qu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Peixiang He
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Xi Yu
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Ziyue Zhu
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Praopim Limsakul
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Yingxiao Wang
- Alfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Shetab Boushehri S, Essig K, Chlis NK, Herter S, Bacac M, Theis FJ, Glasmacher E, Marr C, Schmich F. Explainable machine learning for profiling the immunological synapse and functional characterization of therapeutic antibodies. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7888. [PMID: 38036503 PMCID: PMC10689847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies are widely used to treat severe diseases. Most of them alter immune cells and act within the immunological synapse; an essential cell-to-cell interaction to direct the humoral immune response. Although many antibody designs are generated and evaluated, a high-throughput tool for systematic antibody characterization and prediction of function is lacking. Here, we introduce the first comprehensive open-source framework, scifAI (single-cell imaging flow cytometry AI), for preprocessing, feature engineering, and explainable, predictive machine learning on imaging flow cytometry (IFC) data. Additionally, we generate the largest publicly available IFC dataset of the human immunological synapse containing over 2.8 million images. Using scifAI, we analyze class frequency and morphological changes under different immune stimulation. T cell cytokine production across multiple donors and therapeutic antibodies is quantitatively predicted in vitro, linking morphological features with function and demonstrating the potential to significantly impact antibody design. scifAI is universally applicable to IFC data. Given its modular architecture, it is straightforward to incorporate into existing workflows and analysis pipelines, e.g., for rapid antibody screening and functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayedali Shetab Boushehri
- Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Mathematics, Munich, Germany
- Data & Analytics (D&A), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Essig
- Large Molecule Research (LMR), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaos-Kosmas Chlis
- Large Molecule Research (LMR), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvia Herter
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Bacac
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Mathematics, Munich, Germany
| | - Elke Glasmacher
- Research and Early Development (RED), Roche Diagnostics Solutions, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Carsten Marr
- Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Fabian Schmich
- Data & Analytics (D&A), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Paillon N, Mouro V, Dogniaux S, Maurin M, Saez Pons JJ, Ferran H, Bataille L, Zucchetti AE, Hivroz C. PD-1 inhibits T cell actin remodeling at the immunological synapse independently of its signaling motifs. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadh2456. [PMID: 38015913 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adh2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Engagement of the receptor programmed cell death molecule 1 (PD-1) by its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 inhibits T cell-mediated immune responses. Blocking such signaling provides the clinical effects of PD-1-targeted immunotherapy. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying PD-1-mediated inhibition. Because dynamic actin remodeling is crucial for T cell functions, we characterized the effects of PD-1 engagement on actin remodeling at the immunological synapse, the interface between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell (APC) or target cell. We used microscopy to analyze the formation of immunological synapses between PD-1+ Jurkat cells or primary human CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and APCs that presented T cell-activating antibodies and were either positive or negative for PD-L1. PD-1 binding to PD-L1 inhibited T cell spreading induced by antibody-mediated activation, which was characterized by the absence of the F-actin-dense distal lamellipodial network at the immunological synapse and the Arp2/3 complex, which mediates branched actin formation. PD-1-induced inhibition of actin remodeling also prevented the characteristic deformation of T cells that contact APCs and the release of cytotoxic granules. We showed that the effects of PD-1 on actin remodeling did not require its tyrosine-based signaling motifs, which are thought to mediate the co-inhibitory effects of PD-1. Our study highlights a previously unappreciated mechanism of PD-1-mediated suppression of T cell activity, which depends on the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in a signaling motif-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Paillon
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Violette Mouro
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Dogniaux
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Maurin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Juan-José Saez Pons
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Hermine Ferran
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Bataille
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Andrés Ernesto Zucchetti
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
| | - Claire Hivroz
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 "Integrative analysis of T cell activation" team, Paris, France
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Shi Y, Ruan H, Xu Y, Zou C. Cholesterol, Eukaryotic Lipid Domains, and an Evolutionary Perspective of Transmembrane Signaling. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041418. [PMID: 37604587 PMCID: PMC10626259 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane signaling is essential for complex life forms. Communication across a bilayer lipid barrier is elaborately organized to convey precision and to fine-tune strength. Looking back, the steps that it has taken to enable this seemingly mundane errand are breathtaking, and with our survivorship bias, Darwinian. While this review is to discuss eukaryotic membranes in biological functions for coherence and theoretical footing, we are obliged to follow the evolution of the biological membrane through time. Such a visit is necessary for our hypothesis that constraints posited on cellular functions are mainly via the biomembrane, and relaxation thereof in favor of a coordinating membrane environment is the molecular basis for the development of highly specialized cellular activities, among them transmembrane signaling. We discuss the obligatory paths that have led to eukaryotic membrane formation, its intrinsic ability to signal, and how it set up the platform for later integration of protein-based receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine; Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Hefei Ruan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine; Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yanni Xu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine; Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunlin Zou
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine; Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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46
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Hui E. Cis Interactions of Membrane Receptors and Ligands. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2023; 39:391-408. [PMID: 37339682 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication is critical for the development and function of multicellular organisms. A crucial means by which cells communicate with one another is physical interactions between receptors on one cell and their ligands on a neighboring cell. Trans ligand:receptor interactions activate the receptor, ultimately leading to changes in the fate of the receptor-expressing cells. Such trans signaling is known to be critical for the functions of cells in the nervous and immune systems, among others. Historically, trans interactions are the primary conceptual framework for understanding cell-cell communication. However, cells often coexpress many receptors and ligands, and a subset of these has been reported to interact in cis and profoundly impact cell functions. Cis interactions likely constitute a fundamental, understudied regulatory mechanism in cell biology. Here, I discuss how cis interactions between membrane receptors and ligands regulate immune cell functions, and I also highlight outstanding questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enfu Hui
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;
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47
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Sandoz PA, Kuhnigk K, Szabo EK, Thunberg S, Erikson E, Sandström N, Verron Q, Brech A, Watzl C, Wagner AK, Alici E, Malmberg KJ, Uhlin M, Önfelt B. Modulation of lytic molecules restrain serial killing in γδ T lymphocytes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6035. [PMID: 37758698 PMCID: PMC10533871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells play a pivotal role in protection against various types of infections and tumours, from early childhood on and throughout life. They consist of several subsets characterised by adaptive and innate-like functions, with Vγ9Vδ2 being the largest subset in human peripheral blood. Although these cells show signs of cytotoxicity, their modus operandi remains poorly understood. Here we explore, using live single-cell imaging, the cytotoxic functions of γδ T cells upon interactions with tumour target cells with high temporal and spatial resolution. While γδ T cell killing is dominated by degranulation, the availability of lytic molecules appears tightly regulated in time and space. In particular, the limited co-occurrence of granzyme B and perforin restrains serial killing of tumour cells by γδ T cells. Thus, our data provide new insights into the cytotoxic arsenal and functions of γδ T cells, which may guide the development of more efficient γδ T cell based adoptive immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Sandoz
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kyra Kuhnigk
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edina K Szabo
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Thunberg
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elina Erikson
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Sandström
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Quentin Verron
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Brech
- Cancell, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Department for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carsten Watzl
- Department for Immunology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Arnika K Wagner
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evren Alici
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Uhlin
- CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Önfelt
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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48
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Sayitoglu EC, Luca BA, Boss AP, Thomas BC, Freeborn RA, Uyeda MJ, Chen PP, Nakauchi Y, Waichler C, Lacayo N, Bacchetta R, Majeti R, Gentles AJ, Cepika AM, Roncarolo MG. AML/T cell interactomics uncover correlates of patient outcomes and the key role of ICAM1 in T cell killing of AML. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.21.558911. [PMID: 37790561 PMCID: PMC10542521 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.21.558911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
T cells are important for the control of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a common and often deadly malignancy. We observed that some AML patient samples are resistant to killing by human engineered cytotoxic CD4 + T cells. Single-cell RNA-seq of primary AML samples and CD4 + T cells before and after their interaction uncovered transcriptional programs that correlate with AML sensitivity or resistance to CD4 + T cell killing. Resistance-associated AML programs were enriched in AML patients with poor survival, and killing-resistant AML cells did not engage T cells in vitro . Killing-sensitive AML potently activated T cells before being killed, and upregulated ICAM1 , a key component of the immune synapse with T cells. Without ICAM1, killing-sensitive AML became resistant to killing to primary ex vivo -isolated CD8 + T cells in vitro , and engineered CD4 + T cells in vitro and in vivo . Thus, ICAM1 on AML acts as an immune trigger, allowing T cell killing, and could affect AML patient survival in vivo . SIGNIFICANCE AML is a common leukemia with sub-optimal outcomes. We show that AML transcriptional programs correlate with susceptibility to T cell killing. Killing resistance-associated AML programs are enriched in patients with poor survival. Killing-sensitive, but not resistant AML activate T cells and upregulate ICAM1 that binds to LFA-1 on T cells, allowing immune synapse formation which is critical for AML elimination. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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49
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Wong H, Sugimura R. Immune-epigenetic crosstalk in haematological malignancies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1233383. [PMID: 37808081 PMCID: PMC10551137 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1233383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematological malignancies comprise a diverse set of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms which can arise during any stage of haematopoiesis in the bone marrow. Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic inflammation generated by inflammatory cytokines secreted by tumour and the tumour-associated cells within the bone marrow microenvironment initiates signalling pathways in malignant cells, resulting in activation of master transcription factors including Smads, STAT3, and NF-κB which confer cancer stem cell phenotypes and drive disease progression. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms for how immune cells interact with malignant cells to induce such epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, histone modification, expression of miRNAs and lnRNAs to perturbate haematopoiesis could provide new avenues for developing novel targeted therapies for haematological malignancies. Here, the complex positive and negative feedback loops involved in inflammatory cytokine-induced cancer stem cell generation and drug resistance are reviewed to highlight the clinical importance of immune-epigenetic crosstalk in haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryohichi Sugimura
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Lee Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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50
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Chiu TY, Lo CH, Lin YH, Lai YD, Lin SS, Fang YT, Huang WS, Huang SY, Tsai PY, Yang FH, Chong WM, Wu YC, Tsai HC, Liu YW, Hsu CL, Liao JC, Wang WJ. INPP5E regulates CD3ζ enrichment at the immune synapse by phosphoinositide distribution control. Commun Biol 2023; 6:911. [PMID: 37670137 PMCID: PMC10480498 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune synapse, a highly organized structure formed at the interface between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), is essential for T cell activation and the adaptive immune response. It has been shown that this interface shares similarities with the primary cilium, a sensory organelle in eukaryotic cells, although the roles of ciliary proteins on the immune synapse remain elusive. Here, we find that inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase E (INPP5E), a cilium-enriched protein responsible for regulating phosphoinositide localization, is enriched at the immune synapse in Jurkat T-cells during superantigen-mediated conjugation or antibody-mediated crosslinking of TCR complexes, and forms a complex with CD3ζ, ZAP-70, and Lck. Silencing INPP5E in Jurkat T-cells impairs the polarized distribution of CD3ζ at the immune synapse and correlates with a failure of PI(4,5)P2 clearance at the center of the synapse. Moreover, INPP5E silencing decreases proximal TCR signaling, including phosphorylation of CD3ζ and ZAP-70, and ultimately attenuates IL-2 secretion. Our results suggest that INPP5E is a new player in phosphoinositide manipulation at the synapse, controlling the TCR signaling cascade.
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Grants
- National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, NSTC 110-2326-B-A49A-503-MY3, 111-2628-B-A49A-016, and 112-2628-B-A49-009-MY3
- National Health Research Institutes (NHRI-EX109-10610BC) National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Innovative Joint Program (109L104303)
- National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, NSTC 109-2628-B-010-016 Cancer Progression Research Center NYCU, from the Higher Education Sprout Project by MOE
- National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, NSTC 107-2313-B-001-009 National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, NSTC 108-2313-B-001-003 National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Innovative Joint Program Grant (NTU-SINICA- 108L104303)
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yuan Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, 92037, USA
| | - Chien-Hui Lo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Di Lai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Shan Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Tian Fang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Syun Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Yan Huang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yuan Tsai
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hua Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Weng Man Chong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Wu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100233, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Chen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100233, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100233, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chi Liao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan.
- Syncell Inc., Taipei, 115202, Taiwan.
| | - Won-Jing Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
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