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Lin Y, Liu S, Sun Y, Chen C, Yang S, Pei G, Lin M, Yu J, Liu X, Wang H, Long J, Yan Q, Liang J, Yao J, Yi F, Meng L, Tan Y, Chen N, Yang Y, Ai Q. CCR5 and inflammatory storm. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102286. [PMID: 38561044 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Chemokines and their corresponding receptors play crucial roles in orchestrating inflammatory and immune responses, particularly in the context of pathological conditions disrupting the internal environment. Among these receptors, CCR5 has garnered considerable attention due to its significant involvement in the inflammatory cascade, serving as a pivotal mediator of neuroinflammation and other inflammatory pathways associated with various diseases. However, a notable gap persists in comprehending the intricate mechanisms governing the interplay between CCR5 and its ligands across diverse and intricate inflammatory pathologies. Further exploration is warranted, especially concerning the inflammatory cascade instigated by immune cell infiltration and the precise binding sites within signaling pathways. This study aims to illuminate the regulatory axes modulating signaling pathways in inflammatory cells by providing a comprehensive overview of the pathogenic processes associated with CCR5 and its ligands across various disorders. The primary focus lies on investigating the pathomechanisms associated with CCR5 in disorders related to neuroinflammation, alongside the potential impact of aging on these processes and therapeutic interventions. The discourse culminates in addressing current challenges and envisaging potential future applications, advocating for innovative research endeavors to advance our comprehension of this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital for Matemal&Child Health Care Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Songwei Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Gang Pei
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jingbo Yu
- Technology Innovation Center/National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Chinese Medicine Powders and Innovative Drugs, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Junpeng Long
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Qian Yan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jinping Liang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Nephrology Department, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan 411100, China
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
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Atefipour N, Dianat M, Badavi M, Radan M, Mard SA. The Role of Rosmarinic Acid in the Protection Against Inflammatory Factors in Rats Model With Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension: Investigating the Signaling Pathway of NFκB, OPG, Runx2, and P-Selectin in Heart. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:258-264. [PMID: 38151743 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Shortness of breath and syncope are common symptoms of right ventricular failure caused by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is the result of blockage and increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries. There is a significant amount of evidence supporting the idea that inflammation and vascular calcification (VC) are important factors in PAH pathogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the features of the inflammatory process and gene expression involved in VC in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats. MCT (60 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce PAH. Animals were given normal saline or rosmarinic acid (RA) (10, 15, and 30 mg/kg, gavage) for 21 days. An increase in right ventricular systolic pressure was evaluated as confirming PAH. To determine the level of inflammation in lung tissue, pulmonary edema and the total and differential white blood cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured. Also, the expression of NFκB, OPG, Runx2, and P-selectin genes was investigated to evaluate the level of VC in the heart. Our experiment showed that RA significantly decreased right ventricular hypertrophy, inflammatory factors, NFκB, Runx2, and P-selectin gene expression, pulmonary edema, total and differential white blood cell count, and increased OPG gene expression. Therefore, our research showed that RA protects against MCT-induced PAH by reducing inflammation and VC in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Atefipour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; and
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; and
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; and
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Radan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; and
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; and
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Higazi AAR, Maraga E, Baraghithy S, Udi S, Azar S, Saada A, Glaser B, Avrahami D, Abdeen S, Hamdan Z, Tam J, Fanne RA. Characterization of metabolic alterations in the lean metabolically unhealthy alpha defensin transgenic mice. iScience 2024; 27:108802. [PMID: 38318380 PMCID: PMC10839648 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is consistently linked to dysmetabolism. In transgenic mice (Def+/+) model the neutrophilic peptide, alpha defensin, proved atherogenic. This phenotype occurred despite favorable cholesterol and glucose levels, and lower body weight and blood pressure. In this study, integration of metabolic&behavioral phenotyping system, endocrine, biochemical and mitochondrial assessment, pathological and immunohistochemical tests, and multiple challenge tests was established to explore the metabolic impact of alpha defensin. Compared to the control group, Def+/+ mice exhibited lower total energy expenditure and carbohydrate utilization, and higher fat oxidation. Their ACTH-cortisol and thyroid profiles were intact. Intriguingly, they had low levels of glucagon, with high ammonia, uric acid, triglyceride, and lactate. Mitochondrial evaluations were normal. Overall, defensin-induced hypoglucagonemia is associated with lipolysis, restricted glucose oxidation, and enhanced wasting. Def+/+ mice may be a useful model for studying the category of lean, apparently metabolically healthy, and atherosclerotic phenotype, with insight into a potential inflammatory-metabolic link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Al-Roof Higazi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Emad Maraga
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Saja Baraghithy
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Shiran Udi
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Shahar Azar
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Isarel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Isarel
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Isarel
| | - Benjamin Glaser
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Dana Avrahami
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Suhair Abdeen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Zenab Hamdan
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Rami Abu Fanne
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
- Department of Cardiology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
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Xu C, Cheng X, Wang X, Huang W, Liu Y, Ye H, Guan J, Shen J, Yi H. The immune response to arterial damage in a mouse model of intermittent hypoxia: a transcriptomics analysis. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:2397-2406. [PMID: 37391539 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mice can develop arterial damage and even atherosclerosis under intermittent hypoxia (IH); however, the specific mechanism of arterial damage induced by IH remains unclear. Hence, this research aimed to illustrate the underlying mechanism linking IH to arterial injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The differential gene expression of the thoracic aorta under normoxia or IH mice was analyzed utilizing RNA sequencing. Furthermore, GO, KEGG pathway, and CIBERSORT analyses were carried out. For verification of the expression of candidate genes affected by IH, quantitative RT-qPCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining revealed immune cell infiltration in the thoracic aorta. RESULTS The thickness of the intima-media of the mouse aorta was increased, and the fiber structure was disordered under IH. Transcriptomics analysis showed that in the aorta, 1137 upregulated genes and 707 downregulated genes were affected by IH, significantly related to the activation of the immune system and cell adhesion. Furthermore, B cell infiltration around the aorta was observed under IH. CONCLUSIONS IH might lead to structural changes in the aorta by activating the immune response and enhancing cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Xu
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Cheng
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yupu Liu
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Ye
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhong Shen
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongliang Yi
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Stangret A, Dykacz W, Jabłoński K, Wesołowska A, Klimczak-Tomaniak D, Kochman J, Tomaniak M. The cytokine trio - visfatin, placental growth factor and fractalkine - and their role in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:76-85. [PMID: 37679252 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) remains a puzzling clinical entity. It is characterized by clinical evidence of myocardial infarction (MI) with normal or near-normal coronary arteries in angiography. Given the complex etiology including multiple possible scenarios with varied pathogenetic mechanisms, profound investigation of the plausible biomarkers of MINOCA may bring further pathophysiological insights and novel diagnostic opportunities. Cytokines have a great diagnostic potential and are used as biomarkers for many diseases. An unusual trio of visfatin, placental growth factor (PlGF) and fractalkine (CX3CL1) can directly promote vascular dysfunction, inflammation and angiogenesis through the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling. They are redundant in physiological processes and become overexpressed in the pathomechanisms underlying MINOCA. The knowledge about their concentration might serve as a valuable diagnostic and/or therapeutic tool for assessing vascular endothelial function. Here we analyze the current knowledge on visfatin, PlGF and CX3CL1 in the context of MINOCA and present the novel clinical implications of their combined expression as predictors or indicators of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Stangret
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland; College of Medical Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus Superior School, Nowogrodzka 47a, 00-695 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Dykacz
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Konrad Jabłoński
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wesołowska
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Klimczak-Tomaniak
- Department of Cardiology, Hypertension and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Kochman
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Tomaniak
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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Yuan J. CCR2: A characteristic chemokine receptor in normal and pathological intestine. Cytokine 2023; 169:156292. [PMID: 37437448 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), together with its ligands, especially C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), to which CCR2 has the highest affinity, form a noteworthy signaling pathway in recruiting macrophages for the immune responses among variegated disorders in vivo environment. Scientometric methods are used to analyze intestine-related CCR2 expression. We describe the current knowledge on biological function of CCR2 in physiological intestine in three dimensions, namely its effects on stromal cells, angiogenesis, and remodeling. However, anomalous expression of CCR2 has also been conveyed to correlate with detrimental outcomes in intestine, such as infective colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, carcinogenesis, and colon-related metastasis. In this article, we briefly summarize recent experimental works on CCR2 and its ligands, mostly CCL2, in intestinal-related physiological and pathological states to ravel out their working mechanisms in intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Experimental, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Xu H, Li J, Fei Q, Jiang L. Contribution of immune cells to intervertebral disc degeneration and the potential of immunotherapy. Connect Tissue Res 2023; 64:413-427. [PMID: 37161923 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2023.2212051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence supports that chronic low back pain is associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which is accompanied by decreased cell activity and matrix degradation. The role of immune cells, especially macrophages, in a variety of diseases has been extensively studied; therefore, their role in IDD has naturally attracted widespread scholarly interest. The IVD is considered to be an immunologically-privileged site given the presence of physical and biological barriers that include an avascular microenvironment, a high proteoglycan concentration, high physical pressure, the presence of apoptosis inducers such as Fas ligand, and the presence of notochordal cells. However, during IDD, immune cells with distinct characteristics appear in the IVD. Some of these immune cells release factors that promote the inflammatory response and angiogenesis in the disc and are, therefore, important drivers of IDD. Although some studies have elucidated the role of immune cells, no specific strategies related to systemic immunotherapy have been proposed. Herein, we summarize current knowledge of the presence and role of immune cells in IDD and consider that immunotherapy targeting immune cells may be a novel strategy for alleviating IDD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinming Fei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
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Grunz EA, Jones BW, Lateef OM, Sen S, Wilkinson K, Joshi T, Boerman EM. Adventitial macrophage accumulation impairs perivascular nerve function in mesenteric arteries with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1198066. [PMID: 37342800 PMCID: PMC10278583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1198066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease involves aberrant immune responses and is associated with both cardiovascular disease risk and altered intestinal blood flow. However, little is known about how inflammatory bowel disease affects regulation of perivascular nerves that mediate blood flow. Previous work found perivascular nerve function is impaired in mesenteric arteries with Inflammatory bowel disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of impaired perivascular nerve function. Methods: RNA sequencing was performed on mesenteric arteries from IL10-/- mice treated with H. hepaticus to induce disease (inflammatory bowel disease) or left non-gavaged (Control). For all other studies, Control and Inflammatory bowel disease mice received either saline or clodronate liposome injections to study the effect of macrophage depletion. Perivascular nerve function was assessed using pressure myography and electrical field stimulation. Leukocyte populations, and perivascular nerves, and adventitial neurotransmitter receptors were labeled using fluorescent immunolabeling. Results: Inflammatory bowel disease was associated with increases in macrophage-associated gene expression, and immunolabeling showed accumulation of adventitial macrophages. Clodronate liposome injection eliminated adventitial macrophages, which reversed significant attenuation of sensory vasodilation, sympathetic vasoconstriction and sensory inhibition of sympathetic constriction in inflammatory bowel disease. Acetylcholine-mediated dilation was impaired in inflammatory bowel disease and restored after macrophage depletion, but sensory dilation remained nitric oxide independent regardless of disease and/or macrophage presence. Conclusion: Altered neuro-immune signaling between macrophages and perivascular nerves in the arterial adventitia contributes to impaired vasodilation, particularly via dilatory sensory nerves. Targeting the adventitial macrophage population may help preserve intestinal blood flow in Inflammatory bowel disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Grunz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Benjamin W. Jones
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Olubodun Michael Lateef
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Sidharth Sen
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Katie Wilkinson
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Trupti Joshi
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Health Management and Informatics and Christopher S Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Grunz EA, Jones BW, Sen S, Wilkenson K, Joshi T, Boerman EM. Adventitial macrophage accumulation impairs perivascular nerve function in mesenteric arteries with inflammatory bowel disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.04.535591. [PMID: 37066314 PMCID: PMC10104036 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.04.535591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involves aberrant immune responses and is associated with both cardiovascular disease risk and altered intestinal blood flow. However, little is known about how IBD affects regulation of perivascular nerves that mediate blood flow. Previous work found perivascular nerve function is impaired in mesenteric arteries with IBD. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism of impaired perivascular nerve function. Methods RNA sequencing was performed on mesenteric arteries from IL10 -/- mice treated with H.hepaticus to induce disease (IBD) or left non-gavaged (Control). For all other studies, Control and IBD mice received either saline or clodronate liposome injections to study the effect of macrophage depletion. Perivascular nerve function was assessed using pressure myography and electrical field stimulation. Fluorescent immunolabeling was used to label leukocyte populations and perivascular nerves. Results IBD was associated with increased in macrophage-associated gene expression, and immunolabeling showed accumulation of adventitial macrophages. Clodronate liposome injection eliminated adventitial macrophages, which reversed significant attenuation of sensory vasodilation, sympathetic vasoconstriction and sensory inhibition of sympathetic constriction in IBD. Acetylcholine-mediated dilation was impaired in IBD and restored after macrophage depletion, but sensory dilation remained nitric oxide independent regardless of disease and/or macrophage presence. Conclusion Altered neuro-immune signaling between macrophages and perivascular nerves in the arterial adventitia contributes to impaired vasodilation, particularly via dilatory sensory nerves. Targeting the adventitial macrophage population may help preserve intestinal blood flow in IBD patients.
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Liu JD, Gong R, Zhang SY, Zhou ZP, Wu YQ. Beneficial effects of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on stent biocompatibility and the potential value of HDL infusion therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31724. [PMID: 36397406 PMCID: PMC9666103 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have shown a clear inverse relationship between serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), even at low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels below 70 mg/dL. There is much evidence from basic and clinical studies that higher HDL-C levels are beneficial, whereas lower HDL-C levels are detrimental. Thus, HDL is widely recognized as an essential anti-atherogenic factor that plays a protective role against the development of ASCVD. Percutaneous coronary intervention is an increasingly common treatment choice to improve myocardial perfusion in patients with ASCVD. Although drug-eluting stents have substantially overcome the limitations of conventional bare-metal stents, there are still problems with stent biocompatibility, including delayed re-endothelialization and neoatherosclerosis, which cause stent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis. According to numerous studies, HDL not only protects against the development of atherosclerosis, but also has many anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective properties. Therefore, the use of HDL as a therapeutic target has been met with great interest. Although oral medications have not shown promise, the developed HDL infusions have been tested in clinical trials and have demonstrated viability and reproducibility in increasing the cholesterol efflux capacity and decreasing plasma markers of inflammation. The aim of the present study was to review the effect of HDL on stent biocompatibility in ASCVD patients following implantation and discuss a novel therapeutic direction of HDL infusion therapy that may be a promising candidate as an adjunctive therapy to improve stent biocompatibility following percutaneous coronary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Di Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ren Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shi-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- * Correspondence: Yan-Qing Wu, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Minde Road No. 1, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China (e-mail: )
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Singh AK, Kilari S, Cai C, Misra S. Bindarit encapsulated nanoparticles prevent venous neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis in a murine angioplasty model. Transl Res 2022; 248:68-86. [PMID: 35914678 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte and macrophage recruitment occur to the injured vessel wall after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of stenotic arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) through increased expression of MCP-1 leading to venous neointimal hyperplasia (VNH) and venous stenosis (VS). We hypothesized that adventitial delivery of Bindarit, an oral selective inhibitor of MCP-1, -2, and -3 encapsulated in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles embedded in a thermosensitive Pluronic F127 hydrogel (BN NP) could prevent VNH/VS formation in a murine model of PTA with AVF. Scanning electron microscope and dynamic light scattering were used to characterize the BN NP and control nanoparticles (NP C). Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to study drug release kinetics. Immediately after PTA, in a murine model of AVF stenosis, BN NP or NP C was administrated to the adventitia of outflow veins. Animals were sacrificed 3 and 21 days later for gene expression, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analyses. Doppler ultrasound was performed weekly. There was no difference in the size and storage modulus of BN NP compared to controls. The pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated increased drug release from BN NP when compared to controls. BN NP-treated vessels had reduced MCP-1, MCP-2, and MCP-3 gene, and protein levels, reduced macrophage/monocyte abundance, proinflammatory cytokines, and venous fibrosis resulting in positive vascular remodeling and improved patency with reduced VNH/VS. There was increased peak velocity 21 days after PTA in the BN NP group. Adventitial administration of BN NP to the outflow vein after PTA results in decreased VNH/VS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek K Singh
- Departments of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Vascular and Interventional Translational Laboratory, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sreenivasulu Kilari
- Departments of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Vascular and Interventional Translational Laboratory, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chuanqui Cai
- Departments of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Vascular and Interventional Translational Laboratory, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sanjay Misra
- Departments of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Vascular and Interventional Translational Laboratory, Rochester, Minnesota.
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12
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Targeting CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Li S, She J, Zeng J, Xie K, Luo Z, Su S, Chen J, Xian G, Cheng Z, Zhao J, Li S, Xu X, Xu D, Tang L, Zhou X, Zeng Q. Marine-Derived Piericidin Diglycoside S18 Alleviates Inflammatory Responses in the Aortic Valve via Interaction with Interleukin 37. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6776050. [PMID: 36035206 PMCID: PMC9402299 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6776050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a valvular disease frequently in the elderly individuals that can lead to the valve dysfunction. Osteoblastic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVICs) induced by inflammation play a crucial role in CAVD pathophysiological processes. To date, no effective drugs for CAVD have been established, and new agents are urgently needed. Piericidin glycosides, obtained from a marine-derived Streptomyces strain, were revealed to have regulatory effects on mitochondria in previous studies. Here, we discovered that 13-hydroxypiericidin A 10-O-α-D-glucose (1→6)-β-D-glucoside (S18), a specific piericidin diglycoside, suppresses lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) induced inflammatory responses of HAVICs by alleviating mitochondrial stress in an interleukin (IL)-37-dependent manner. Knockdown of IL-37 by siRNA not only exaggerated LPS-induced HAVIC inflammation and mitochondrial stress but also abrogated the anti-inflammatory effect of S18 on HAVICs. Moreover, S18 alleviated aortic valve lesions in IL-37 transgenic mice of CAVD model. Microscale thermophoresis (MST) and docking analysis of five piericidin analogues suggested that diglycosides, but not monoglycosides, exert obvious IL-37-binding activity. These results indicate that S18 directly binds to IL-37 to alleviate inflammatory responses in HAVICs and aortic valve lesions in mice. Piericidin diglycoside S18 is a potential therapeutic agent to prevent the development of CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianglian She
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingxin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kaiji Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zichao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuwen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Gaopeng Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Zhendong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shaoping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xingbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dingli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lan Tang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Qingchun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
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14
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Hu K, Guo Y, Li Y, Lu C, Cai C, Zhou S, Ke Z, Li Y, Wang W. Oxidative stress: An essential factor in the process of arteriovenous fistula failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:984472. [PMID: 36035909 PMCID: PMC9403606 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.984472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than half a century, arteriovenous fistula (AVFs) has been recognized as a lifeline for patients requiring hemodialysis (HD). With its higher long-term patency rate and lower probability of complications, AVF is strongly recommended by guidelines in different areas as the first choice for vascular access for HD patients, and its proportion of application is gradually increasing. Despite technological improvements and advances in the standards of postoperative care, many deficiencies are still encountered in the use of AVF related to its high incidence of failure due to unsuccessful maturation to adequately support HD and the development of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH), which narrows the AVF lumen. AVF failure is linked to the activation and migration of vascular cells and the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, where complex interactions between cytokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory mediators lead to poor adaptive remodeling. Oxidative stress also plays a vital role in AVF failure, and a growing amount of data suggest a link between AVF failure and oxidative stress. In this review, we summarize the present understanding of the pathophysiology of AVF failure. Furthermore, we focus on the relation between oxidative stress and AVF dysfunction. Finally, we discuss potential therapies for addressing AVF failure based on targeting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chanjun Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanqi Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shunchang Zhou
- Center of Experimental Animals, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunxiang Ke
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqing Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yiqing Li,
| | - Weici Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Weici Wang,
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15
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Cincotta AH, Cersosimo E, Alatrach M, Ezrokhi M, Agyin C, Adams J, Chilton R, Triplitt C, Chamarthi B, Cominos N, DeFronzo RA. Bromocriptine-QR Therapy Reduces Sympathetic Tone and Ameliorates a Pro-Oxidative/Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Plasma of Type 2 Diabetes Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168851. [PMID: 36012132 PMCID: PMC9407769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromocriptine-QR is a sympatholytic dopamine D2 agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that has demonstrated rapid (within 1 year) substantial reductions in adverse cardiovascular events in this population by as yet incompletely delineated mechanisms. However, a chronic state of elevated sympathetic nervous system activity and central hypodopaminergic function has been demonstrated to potentiate an immune system pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory condition and this immune phenotype is known to contribute significantly to the advancement of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the possibility exists that bromocriptine-QR therapy may reduce adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes subjects via attenuation of this underlying chronic pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory state. The present study was undertaken to assess the impact of bromocriptine-QR on a wide range of immune pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory biochemical pathways and genes known to be operative in the genesis and progression of CVD. Inflammatory peripheral blood mononuclear cell biology is both a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease and also a marker of the body’s systemic pro-inflammatory status. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of 4-month circadian-timed (within 2 h of waking in the morning) bromocriptine-QR therapy (3.2 mg/day) in type 2 diabetes subjects whose glycemia was not optimally controlled on the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist on (i) gene expression status (via qPCR) of a wide array of mononuclear cell pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory genes known to participate in the genesis and progression of CVD (OXR1, NRF2, NQO1, SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSR, GPX1, GPX4, GCH1, HMOX1, BiP, EIF2α, ATF4, PERK, XBP1, ATF6, CHOP, GSK3β, NFkB, TXNIP, PIN1, BECN1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR10, MAPK8, NLRP3, CCR2, GCR, L-selectin, VCAM1, ICAM1) and (ii) humoral measures of sympathetic tone (norepinephrine and normetanephrine), whole-body oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine, TBARS), and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, prolactin, C-reactive protein [CRP]). Relative to pre-treatment status, 4 months of bromocriptine-QR therapy resulted in significant reductions of mRNA levels in PBMC endoplasmic reticulum stress-unfolded protein response effectors [GRP78/BiP (34%), EIF2α (32%), ATF4 (29%), XBP1 (25%), PIN1 (14%), BECN1 (23%)], oxidative stress response proteins [OXR1 (31%), NRF2 (32%), NQO1 (39%), SOD1 (52%), CAT (26%), GPX1 (33%), GPX4 (31%), GCH1 (30%), HMOX1 (40%)], mRNA levels of TLR pro-inflammatory pathway proteins [TLR2 (46%), TLR4 (20%), GSK3β (19%), NFkB (33%), TXNIP (18%), NLRP3 (32%), CCR2 (24%), GCR (28%)], mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cellular receptor proteins CCR2 and GCR by 24% and 28%, and adhesion molecule proteins L-selectin (35%) and VCAM1 (24%). Relative to baseline, bromocriptine-QR therapy also significantly reduced plasma levels of norepinephrine and normetanephrine by 33% and 22%, respectively, plasma pro-oxidative markers nitrotyrosine and TBARS by 13% and 10%, respectively, and pro-inflammatory factors IL-18, MCP1, IL-1β, prolactin, and CRP by 21%,13%, 12%, 42%, and 45%, respectively. These findings suggest a unique role for circadian-timed bromocriptine-QR sympatholytic dopamine agonist therapy in reducing systemic low-grade sterile inflammation to thereby reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H. Cincotta
- VeroScience LLC, Tiverton, RI 02878, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-816-0525
| | - Eugenio Cersosimo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mariam Alatrach
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | - Christina Agyin
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - John Adams
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Robert Chilton
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Curtis Triplitt
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | | | - Ralph A. DeFronzo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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16
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Files DC, Tacke F, O’Sullivan A, Dorr P, Ferguson WG, Powderly WG. Rationale of using the dual chemokine receptor CCR2/CCR5 inhibitor cenicriviroc for the treatment of COVID-19. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010547. [PMID: 35749425 PMCID: PMC9231801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created a global pandemic infecting over 230 million people and costing millions of lives. Therapies to attenuate severe disease are desperately needed. Cenicriviroc (CVC), a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) and C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist, an agent previously studied in advanced clinical trials for patients with HIV or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), may have the potential to reduce respiratory and cardiovascular organ failures related to COVID-19. Inhibiting the CCR2 and CCR5 pathways could attenuate or prevent inflammation or fibrosis in both early and late stages of the disease and improve outcomes of COVID-19. Clinical trials using CVC either in addition to standard of care (SoC; e.g., dexamethasone) or in combination with other investigational agents in patients with COVID-19 are currently ongoing. These trials intend to leverage the anti-inflammatory actions of CVC for ameliorating the clinical course of COVID-19 and prevent complications. This article reviews the literature surrounding the CCR2 and CCR5 pathways, their proposed role in COVID-19, and the potential role of CVC to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clark Files
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology Section, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Frank Tacke
- Medical Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Dorr
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | | - William G. Powderly
- John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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17
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Lagrange J, Worou ME, Michel JB, Raoul A, Didelot M, Muczynski V, Legendre P, Plénat F, Gauchotte G, Lourenco-Rodrigues MD, Christophe OD, Lenting PJ, Lacolley P, Denis CV, Regnault V. The VWF/LRP4/αVβ3-axis represents a novel pathway regulating proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:622-637. [PMID: 33576766 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a plasma glycoprotein involved in primary haemostasis, while also having additional roles beyond haemostasis namely in cancer, inflammation, angiogenesis, and potentially in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. Here, we addressed how VWF modulates VSMC proliferation and investigated the underlying molecular pathways and the in vivo pathophysiological relevance. METHODS AND RESULTS VWF induced proliferation of human aortic VSMCs and also promoted VSMC migration. Treatment of cells with a siRNA against αv integrin or the RGT-peptide blocking αvβ3 signalling abolished proliferation. However, VWF did not bind to αvβ3 on VSMCs through its RGD-motif. Rather, we identified the VWF A2 domain as the region mediating binding to the cells. We hypothesized the involvement of a member of the LDL-related receptor protein (LRP) family due to their known ability to act as co-receptors. Using the universal LRP-inhibitor receptor-associated protein, we confirmed LRP-mediated VSMC proliferation. siRNA experiments and confocal fluorescence microscopy identified LRP4 as the VWF-counterreceptor on VSMCs. Also co-localization between αvβ3 and LRP4 was observed via proximity ligation analysis and immuno-precipitation experiments. The pathophysiological relevance of our data was supported by VWF-deficient mice having significantly reduced hyperplasia in carotid artery ligation and artery femoral denudation models. In wild-type mice, infiltration of VWF in intimal regions enriched in proliferating VSMCs was found. Interestingly, also analysis of human atherosclerotic lesions showed abundant VWF accumulation in VSMC-proliferating rich intimal areas. CONCLUSION VWF mediates VSMC proliferation through a mechanism involving A2 domain binding to the LRP4 receptor and integrin αvβ3 signalling. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms that drive physiological repair and pathological hyperplasia of the arterial vessel wall. In addition, the VWF/LRP4-axis may represent a novel therapeutic target to modulate VSMC proliferation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/genetics
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Hyperplasia
- Integrin alphaVbeta3/genetics
- Integrin alphaVbeta3/metabolism
- LDL-Receptor Related Proteins/genetics
- LDL-Receptor Related Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/injuries
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular System Injuries/genetics
- Vascular System Injuries/metabolism
- Vascular System Injuries/pathology
- von Willebrand Factor/genetics
- von Willebrand Factor/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Lagrange
- INSERM, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, DCAC, Nancy, France
| | - Morel E Worou
- INSERM, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, DCAC, Nancy, France
| | | | - Alexandre Raoul
- INSERM, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, DCAC, Nancy, France
| | - Mélusine Didelot
- INSERM, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, DCAC, Nancy, France
| | - Vincent Muczynski
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1176, 80 rue du Général Leclerc,94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Paulette Legendre
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1176, 80 rue du Général Leclerc,94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | | | - Marc-Damien Lourenco-Rodrigues
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1176, 80 rue du Général Leclerc,94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Olivier D Christophe
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1176, 80 rue du Général Leclerc,94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Peter J Lenting
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1176, 80 rue du Général Leclerc,94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Patrick Lacolley
- INSERM, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, DCAC, Nancy, France
| | - Cécile V Denis
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1176, 80 rue du Général Leclerc,94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Véronique Regnault
- INSERM, UMR_S 1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, DCAC, Nancy, France
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18
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The Role of Chemokines in Cardiovascular Diseases and the Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on CXCL8 and CCL2 as Pathological Chemokines in Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1328:155-170. [PMID: 34981477 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, as a vegetative flavonoid, has a protective and therapeutic role in various adverse states such as oxidative stress and inflammation. Remedial properties of this component have been reported in the different chronic diseases including cancers (myeloma, pancreatic, breast, colorectal), vitiligo, psoriasis, neuropathic pains, inflammatory disorders (osteoarthritis, uveitis, ulcerative colitis, Alzheimer), cardiovascular conditions, and diabetes.Cardiovascular disorders include atherosclerosis and various manifestations of atherosclerosis such as stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of mortality globally. Studies have shown varying expressions of inflammatory and non-inflammatory chemokines and chemokine receptors in cardiovascular disease, which have been highlighted first in this review. The alteration in chemokines secretion and chemokine receptors has an essential role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Chemokines as cytokines with low molecular weight (8-12 kDa) mediate white blood cell (WBC) chemotactic reactions, vascular cell migration, and proliferation that induce endothelial dysfunction, atherogenesis, and cardiac hypertrophy.Several studies reported that curcumin could be advantageous in the attenuation of cardiovascular diseases via anti-inflammatory effects and redress of chemokine secretion and chemokine receptors. We present these studies with a focus on two chemokines: CXCL8 (IL-8) and CCL2 (chemoattractant protein 1 or MCP-1). Future research will further elucidate the precise potential of curcumin on chemokines in the adjustment of cardiovascular system activity or curcumin chemokine-based therapies.
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19
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Zeng Z, Lan T, Wei Y, Wei X. CCL5/CCR5 axis in human diseases and related treatments. Genes Dis 2022; 9:12-27. [PMID: 34514075 PMCID: PMC8423937 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To defense harmful stimuli or maintain the immune homeostasis, the body produces and recruits a superfamily of cytokines such as interleukins, interferons, chemokines etc. Among them, chemokines act as crucial regulators in defense systems. CCL5/CCR5 combination is known for facilitating inflammatory responses, as well as inducing the adhesion and migration of different T cell subsets in immune responses. In addition, recent studies have shown that the interaction between CCL5 and CCR5 is involved in various pathological processes including inflammation, chronic diseases, cancers as well as the infection of COVID-19. This review focuses on how CCL5/CCR5 axis participates in the pathological processes of different diseases and their relevant signaling pathways for the regulation of the axis. Moreover, we highlighted the gene therapy and chemotherapy studies for treating CCR5-related diseases, including the ongoing clinical trials. The barriers and perspectives for future application and translational research were also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Tianxia Lan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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20
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Locatelli L, Maier JAM. Cytoskeletal Remodeling Mimics Endothelial Response to Microgravity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:733573. [PMID: 34568340 PMCID: PMC8458731 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.733573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical cues contribute to the maintenance of a healthy endothelium, which is essential for vascular integrity. Indeed endothelial cells are mechanosensors that integrate the forces in the form of biochemical signals. The cytoskeleton is fundamental in sensing mechanical stimuli and activating specific signaling pathways. Because the cytoskeleton is very rapidly remodeled in endothelial cells exposed to microgravity, we investigated whether the disruption of actin polymerization by cytochalasin D in 1g condition triggers and orchestrates responses similar to those occurring in micro- and macro-vascular endothelial cells upon gravitational unloading. We focused our attention on the effect of simulated microgravity on stress proteins and transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7), a cation channel that acts as a mechanosensor and modulates endothelial cell proliferation and stress response. Simulated microgravity downregulates TRPM7 in both cell types. However, 24 h of treatment with cytochalasin D decreases the amounts of TRPM7 only in macrovascular endothelial cells, suggesting that the regulation and the role of TRPM7 in microvascular cells are more complex than expected. The 24 h culture in the presence of cytochalasin D mimics the effect of simulated microgravity in modulating stress response in micro- and macro-vascular endothelial cells. We conclude that cytoskeletal disruption might mediate some effects of microgravity in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Locatelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeanette A M Maier
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
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21
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Ueno H, Miyamoto T, Morimoto H, Sanada K, Furuno I, Nakazono K, Hasegawa E, Kuma A, Oginosawa Y, Tsuda Y, Araki M, Tamura M, Ueta Y, Otsuji Y, Kataoka M. Effects of bicarbonate/lactate-buffered neutral peritoneal dialysis fluids on angiogenesis-related proteins in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-021-00344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In order to facilitate the safe and long-term delivery of peritoneal dialysis (PD), it is necessary to improve the biocompatibility of peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs). The novel bicarbonate/lactate-buffered neutral PDFs (B/L-PDFs) are expected to be improved biocompatible. This study evaluated the biocompatibility of B/L-PDFs by analysis on the profile of angiogenesis-related proteins in drained dialysate of patients undergoing PD.
Methods
Concentrations of 20 angiogenesis-related proteins in the dialysate were semi-quantitatively determined using a RayBio® Human Angiogenesis Antibody Array and were compared between B/L-PDFs and conventional lactate-buffered neutral PDFs (L-PDFs).
Results
The expression of growth-related oncogene (GRO α/β/γ), which belongs to the CXC chemokine family, decreased significantly after use of the B/L-PDFs compared to the L-PDFs (P = 0.03). The number of the proteins with lower level in the B/L-PDFs compared with L-PDFs was significantly negatively correlated with the PD duration (Spearman ρ = − 0.81, P = 0.004).
Conclusion
This study suggested that B/L-PDFs are more biocompatible than conventional PDFs.
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22
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Xue S, Tang H, Zhao G, Shen Y, Yang EY, Fu W, Shi Z, Tang X, Guo D. C-C Motif Chemokine 8 promotes angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cells. Vascular 2021; 29:429-441. [PMID: 32972333 DOI: 10.1177/1708538120959972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Angiogenesis is an important progress associated with several pathological situations. Several chemokines have been reported to act as regulators of angiogenesis. The current study aimed to find whether C-C Motif Chemokine 8 is involved in angiogenesis regulation. METHODS To verify whether C-C Motif Chemokine 8 is related to angiogenesis in plaques, carotid plaques were collected from patients with severe carotid stenosis and analysed using CD31 immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. To further clarify the relation between C-C Motif Chemokine 8 and angiogenesis, human umbilical vein endothelium cells and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells were treated with C-C Motif Chemokine 8 in the presence or absence of C-C motif chemokine receptor 2-Ab and extracellular regulated MAP kinase 1/2 inhibition (FR180204). Proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelium cells and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells were examined with Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell chamber assay, respectively. In vitro angiogenesis stimulated by C-C Motif Chemokine 8 was examined using tube formation assay. Ex vivo and in vivo angiogenesis were assessed by mice aortic ring assay and Matrigel plug assay, respectively. C-C motif chemokine receptors of human umbilical vein endothelium cells were examined with real-time PCR, and C-C motif chemokine receptor 1, C-C motif chemokine receptor 2, extracellular regulated MAP kinase 1/2 and phosphorylation-extracellular regulated MAP kinase 1/2 were examined with western blotting assay. RESULTS C-C Motif Chemokine 8 was increased in carotid plaques with severe angiogenesis in both RNA and protein level. C-C Motif Chemokine 8 (5 ng/ml) weakly increased human umbilical vein endothelium cell proliferation, but not on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Migration and tube formation could be induced by C-C Motif Chemokine 8 in both human umbilical vein endothelium cells and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. In mice aortic ring assay and Matrigel plug assay, C-C Motif Chemokine 8 could promote angiogenesis compared to vehicle groups. Phosphorylation of extracellular regulated MAP kinase 1/2 was increased with C-C Motif Chemokine 8 stimulation. The migration and tube formation promoted by C-C Motif Chemokine 8 could be largely blocked by C-C motif chemokine receptor 2-Ab or extracellular regulated MAP kinase 1/2 inhibition (FR180204). CONCLUSIONS C-C Motif Chemokine 8 could promote both in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis. C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 played an important role in the activation of C-C Motif Chemokine 8 and extracellular regulated MAP kinase 1/2 signalling pathway was involved in this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xue
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanfei Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gefei Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ethan Yibo Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqiao Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Choi JM, Baek SE, Kim JO, Jeon EY, Jang EJ, Kim CD. 5-LO-derived LTB4 plays a key role in MCP-1 expression in HMGB1-exposed VSMCs via a BLTR1 signaling axis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11100. [PMID: 34045591 PMCID: PMC8160259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in initiating vascular inflammation; however, its cellular source in the injured vasculatures is unclear. Given the importance of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in tissue injury, we investigated the role of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in MCP-1 production in response to HMGB1. In primary cultured rat aortic VSMCs stimulated with HMGB1, the expression of MCP-1 and 5-lipoxygenase (LO) was increased. The increased MCP-1 expression in HMGB1 (30 ng/ml)-stimulated cells was significantly attenuated in 5-LO-deficient cells as well as in cells treated with zileuton, a 5-LO inhibitor. Likewise, MCP-1 expression and production were also increased in cells stimulated with exogenous leukotriene B4 (LTB4), but not exogenous LTC4. LTB4-induced MCP-1 expression was attenuated in cells treated with U75302, a LTB4 receptor 1 (BLTR1) inhibitor as well as in BLTR1-deficient cells, but not in 5-LO-deficient cells. Moreover, HMGB1-induced MCP-1 expression was attenuated in BLTR1-deficient cells or by treatment with a BLTR1 inhibitor, but not other leukotriene receptor inhibitors. In contrast to MCP-1 expression in response to LTB4, the increased MCP-1 production in HMGB1-stimulated VSMC was markedly attenuated in 5-LO-deficient cells, indicating a pivotal role of LTB4-BLTR1 signaling in MCP-1 expression in VSMCs. Taken together, 5-LO-derived LTB4 plays a key role in MCP-1 expression in HMGB1-exposed VSMCs via BLTR1 signaling, suggesting the LTB4-BLTR1 signaling axis as a potential therapeutic target for vascular inflammation in the injured vasculatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji On Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Jeon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Dae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-Associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Sterile inflammation in the pathogenesis of maturation failure of arteriovenous fistula. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:729-741. [PMID: 33666676 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a widespread terminal illness that afflicts millions of people across the world. Hemodialysis is the predominant therapeutic management strategy for kidney failure and involves the external filtration of metabolic waste within the circulation. This process requires an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for vascular access. However, AVF maturation failures are significant obstacles in establishing long-term vascular access for hemodialysis. Appropriate stimulation, activation, and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, proper endothelial cell orientation, adequate structural changes in the ECM, and the release of anti-inflammatory markers are associated with maturation. AVFs often fail to mature due to inadequate tissue repair and remodeling, leading to neointimal hyperplasia lesions. The transdifferentiation of myofibroblasts and sterile inflammation are possibly involved in AVF maturation failures; however, limited data is available in this regard. The present article critically reviews the interplay of various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and the downstream sterile inflammatory signaling with a focus on the NLRP3 inflammasome. Improved knowledge concerning AVF maturation pathways can be unveiled by investigating the novel DAMPs and the mediators of sterile inflammation in vascular remodeling that would open improved therapeutic opportunities in the management of AVF maturation failures and its associated complications.
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25
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Bernstein DL, Zuluaga-Ramirez V, Gajghate S, Reichenbach NL, Polyak B, Persidsky Y, Rom S. miR-98 reduces endothelial dysfunction by protecting blood-brain barrier (BBB) and improves neurological outcomes in mouse ischemia/reperfusion stroke model. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:1953-1965. [PMID: 31601141 PMCID: PMC7786850 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19882264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Most neurological diseases, including stroke, lead to some degree of blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. A significant portion of BBB injury is caused by inflammation, due to pro-inflammatory factors produced in the brain, and by leukocyte engagement of the brain endothelium. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have appeared as major regulators of inflammation-induced changes to gene expression in the microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) that comprise the BBB. However, miRNAs' role during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion is still underexplored. Endothelial levels of miR-98 were significantly altered following ischemia/reperfusion insults, both in vivo and in vitro, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), respectively. Overexpression of miR-98 reduced the mouse's infarct size after tMCAO. Further, miR-98 lessened infiltration of proinflammatory Ly6CHI leukocytes into the brain following stroke and diminished the prevalence of M1 (activated) microglia within the impacted area. miR-98 attenuated BBB permeability, as demonstrated by changes to fluorescently-labeled dextran penetration in vivo and improved transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) in vitro. Treatment with miR-98 improved significantly the locomotor impairment. Our study provides identification and functional assessment of miRNAs in brain endothelium and lays the groundwork for improving therapeutic approaches for patients suffering from ischemic attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy L Reichenbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Boris Polyak
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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26
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Włodarski A, Strycharz J, Wróblewski A, Kasznicki J, Drzewoski J, Śliwińska A. The Role of microRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome-Related Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186902. [PMID: 32962281 PMCID: PMC7555602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OxS) is the cause and the consequence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), the incidence and economic burden of which is increasing each year. OxS triggers the dysregulation of signaling pathways associated with metabolism and epigenetics, including microRNAs, which are biomarkers of metabolic disorders. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the interplay between microRNAs and OxS in MetS and its components. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to summarize the most relevant studies. Collected data suggested that different sources of OxS (e.g., hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidemia, obesity, proinflammatory cytokines) change the expression of numerous microRNAs in organs involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and endothelium. Dysregulated microRNAs either directly or indirectly affect the expression and/or activity of molecules of antioxidative signaling pathways (SIRT1, FOXOs, Keap1/Nrf2) along with effector enzymes (e.g., GPx-1, SOD1/2, HO-1), ROS producers (e.g., NOX4/5), as well as genes of numerous signaling pathways connected with inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism, thus promoting the progression of metabolic imbalance. MicroRNAs appear to be important epigenetic modifiers in managing the delicate redox balance, mediating either pro- or antioxidant biological impacts. Summarizing, microRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets in ameliorating the repercussions of OxS in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Włodarski
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Justyna Strycharz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Adam Wróblewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jacek Kasznicki
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Józef Drzewoski
- Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
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27
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Bernstein DL, Rom S. Let-7g* and miR-98 Reduce Stroke-Induced Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Mouse Brain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:632. [PMID: 32766248 PMCID: PMC7379105 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a debilitating illness facing healthcare today, affecting over 800,000 people and causing over 140,000 deaths each year in the United States. Despite being the third-leading cause of death, very few treatments currently exist for stroke. Often, during an ischemic attack, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is significantly damaged, which can lead to altered interactions with the immune system, and greatly worsen the damage from a stroke. The impaired, BBB promotes the infiltration of peripheral inflammatory cells into the brain, secreting deleterious mediators (cytokines/chemokines) and resulting in permanent barrier injury. let-7 microRNAs (miRs) are critical for regulating immune responses within the BBB, particularly after ischemic stroke. We have previously shown how transient stroke decreases expression of multiple let-7 miRs, and that restoration of expression confers significant neuroprotection, reduction in brain infiltration by neutrophils, monocytes and T cells. However, the specific mechanisms of action of let-7 miRs remain unexplored, though emerging evidence implicates a range of impacts on cytokines. In the current study, we evaluate the impacts of miR-98 and let-7g* on targeting of cytokine mRNAs, cytokine release following ischemic stroke, and cell-specific changes to the neurovascular space. We determined that miR-98 specifically targets IP-10, while let-7g* specifically aims IL-8, and attenuates their levels. Both produce strong impacts on CCL2 and CCL5. Further, let-7g* strongly improves neurovascular perfusion following ischemic stroke. Together, the results of the study indicate that let-7 miRs are critical for mediating endothelial-immune reactions and improving recovery following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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28
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Bernstein DL, Gajghate S, Reichenbach NL, Winfield M, Persidsky Y, Heldt NA, Rom S. let-7g counteracts endothelial dysfunction and ameliorating neurological functions in mouse ischemia/reperfusion stroke model. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:543-555. [PMID: 32017988 PMCID: PMC7316629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a debilitating disease, accounting for almost 20% of all hospital visits, and 8% of all fatalities in the United States in 2017. Following an ischemic attack, inflammatory processes originating from endothelial cells within the brain microvasculature can induce many toxic effects into the impacted area, from both sides of the blood brain barrier (BBB). In addition to increased BBB permeability, impacted brain microvascular endothelial cells can recruit macrophages and other immune cells from the periphery and can also trigger the activation of microglia and astrocytes within the brain. We have identified a key microRNA, let-7g, which levels were drastically diminished as consequence of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro ischemia/reperfusion conditions, respectively. We have observed that let-7g* liposome-based delivery is capable of attenuating inflammation after stroke, reducing BBB permeability, limiting brain infiltration by CD3+CD4+ T-cells and Ly6G+ neutrophils, lessening microglia activation and neuronal death. These effects consequently improved clinical outcomes, shown by mitigating post-stroke gait asymmetry and extremity motor function. Due to the role of the endothelium in propagating the effects of stroke and other inflammation, treatments which can reduce endothelial inflammation and limit ischemic damage and improving recovery after a stroke are required. Our findings demonstrate a critical link between the CNS inflammation and the immune system reaction and lay important groundwork for future stroke pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Nancy L Reichenbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Malika Winfield
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Nathan A Heldt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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29
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Ding Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Xu J, Zheng S, Yang H. Migrasome and Tetraspanins in Vascular Homeostasis: Concept, Present, and Future. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:438. [PMID: 32612990 PMCID: PMC7308473 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration plays a critical role in vascular homeostasis. Under noxious stimuli, endothelial cells (ECs) migration always contributes to vascular repair, while enhanced migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) will lead to pathological vascular remodeling. Moreover, vascular activities are involved in communication between ECs and VSMCs, between ECs and immune cells, et al. Recently, Ma et al. (2015) discovered a novel migration-dependent organelle “migrasome,” which mediated release of cytoplasmic contents, and this process was defined as “migracytosis.” The formation of migrasome is precisely regulated by tetraspanins (TSPANs), cholesterol and integrins. Migrasomes can be taken up by neighboring cells, and migrasomes are distributed in many kinds of cells and tissues, such as in blood vessel, human serum, and in ischemic brain of human and mouse. In addition, the migrasome elements TSPANs are wildly expressed in cardiovascular system. Therefore, TSPANs, migrasomes and migracytosis might play essential roles in regulating vascular homeostasis. In this review, we will discuss the discoveries of migration-dependent migrasome and migracytosis, migrasome formation, the basic differences between migrasomes and exosomes, the distributions and functions of migrasome, the functions of migrasome elements TSPANs in vascular biology, and discuss the possible roles of migrasomes and migracytosis in vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Fubai Eye Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yungang Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Ludong Eye Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiongshan Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Guangzhou Cadre Health Management Center/Guangzhou Eleventh People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingting Xu
- Biofeedback Laboratory, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Zheng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhi Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Choi J, Kim BY, Son Y, Lee D, Hong YS, Kim MS, Kim K. Reblastatins Inhibit Phenotypic Changes of Monocytes/Macrophages in a Milieu Rich in 27-Hydroxycholesterol. Immune Netw 2020; 20:e17. [PMID: 32395369 PMCID: PMC7192833 DOI: 10.4110/in.2020.20.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated effects of reblastatins on phenotypic changes in monocytes/macrophages induced by 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OHChol). Treatment of THP-1 monocytic cells with reblastatin derivatives, such as 17-demethoxy-reblastatin (17-DR), 18-dehydroxyl-17-demethoxyreblastatin (WK88-1), 18-hydroxyl-17-demethoxyreblastatin (WK88-2), and 18-hydroxyl-17-demethoxy-4,5-dehydroreblastatin (WK88-3), resulted in blockage of CCL2, CCL3, and CCL4 expression at the transcription and protein levels, which, in turn, impaired migration of monocytes/macrophages and Jurkat T cells expressing CCR5, and almost complete inhibition of transcription of M1 marker cytokines, like CXCL10, CXCL11, and TNF-α. Reblastatins also downregulated surface CD14 as well as soluble CD14 along with inhibition of LPS response and matrix metalloprotease-9 expression. Surface levels of mature dendritic cell (mDC)-specific markers, including CD80, CD83, CD88, CD197, and MHC class I and II molecules, were remarkably down-regulated, and 27OHChol-induced decrease of endocytic activity was recovered following treatment with 17-DR, WK88-1, WK88-2, and WK88-3. However, 15-hydroxyl-17-demethoxyreblastatin (DHQ3) did not affect the molecular or functional changes in monocytic cells induced by 27OHChol. Furthermore, surface levels of CD105, CD137, and CD166 were also down-regulated by 17-DR, WK88-1, WK88-2, and WK88-3, but not by DHQ3. Collectively, results of the current study indicate that, except DHQ3, reblastatins regulate the conversion and differentiation of monocytic cells to an immunostimulatory phenotype and mDCs, respectively, which suggests possible applications of reblastatins for immunomodulation in a milieu rich in oxygenated cholesterol molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongyoon Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Bo-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Yonghae Son
- Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Young-Soo Hong
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Min Su Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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The E, Yao Q, Zhang P, Zhai Y, Ao L, Fullerton DA, Meng X. Mechanistic Roles of Matrilin-2 and Klotho in Modulating the Inflammatory Activity of Human Aortic Valve Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020385. [PMID: 32046115 PMCID: PMC7072362 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Soluble extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins can act as damage-associated molecular patterns and may induce valvular inflammation. Matrilin-2 is an ECM protein and has been found to elevate the pro-osteogenic activity in human aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs). Klotho, an anti-aging protein, appears to have anti-inflammatory properties. The effect of matrilin-2 and Klotho on AVIC inflammatory responses remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated human AVICs were exposed to matrilin-2. Soluble matrilin-2 induced the production of ICAM-1, MCP-1, and IL-6. It also induced protein kinase R (PKR) activation via Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and 4. Pretreatment with PKR inhibitors inhibited NF-κB activation and inflammatory mediator production induced by matrilin-2. Further, recombinant Klotho suppressed PKR and NF-κB activation and markedly reduced the production of inflammatory mediators in human AVICs exposed to matrilin-2. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that soluble matrilin-2 upregulates AVIC inflammatory activity via activation of the TLR-PKR-NF-κB pathway and that Klotho is potent to suppress AVIC inflammatory responses to a soluble ECM protein through inhibiting PKR. These novel findings indicate that soluble matrilin-2 may accelerate the progression of CAVD by inducing valvular inflammation and that Klotho has the potential to suppress valvular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xianzhong Meng
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-303-724-6303; Fax: +1-303-724-6330
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de Paiva BR, Esgalhado M, Borges NA, Kemp JA, Alves G, Leite PEC, Macedo R, Cardozo LFMF, de Brito JS, Mafra D. Resistant starch supplementation attenuates inflammation in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:549-555. [PMID: 32008198 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, dysbiosis is associated with inflammation and cardiovascular risk, so many nutritional strategies are being studied to reduce these complications. Resistant starch (RS) can be considered a prebiotic that promotes many benefits, including modulation of gut microbiota which is linked to immune-modulatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of RS supplementation on proinflammatory cytokines in CKD patients on hemodialysis (HD). METHODS A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted with sixteen HD patients (55.3 ± 10.05 years, body mass index (BMI) 25.9 ± 5.42 kg/m2, 56% men, time on dialysis 38.9 ± 29.23 months). They were allocated to the RS group (16 g RS/day) or placebo group (manioc flour). The serum concentration of ten cytokines and growth factors was detected through a multiparametric immunoassay based on XMap-labeled magnetic microbeads (Luminex Corp, USA) before and after 4 weeks with RS supplementation. RESULTS After RS supplementation, there was a reduction of Regulated upon Activation, Normal T-Cell Expressed and Secreted (p < 0.001), platelet-derived growth factor (two B subunits) (p = 0.014) and interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) (p = 0.027). The other parameters did not change significantly. CONCLUSION This preliminary result indicates that RS may contribute to a desirable profile of inflammatory markers in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Regis de Paiva
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. .,Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Rua Marquês do Paraná nº 303, 4º andar, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marta Esgalhado
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Julie Ann Kemp
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg Alves
- Clinical Research Unit, Antônio Pedro Hospital, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Emílio Corrêa Leite
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and in Vitro Toxicology, Directory of Metrology Applied to Life Science-Dimav, National Institute of Metrology Quality and Technology-INMETRO, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata Macedo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludmila F M F Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jessyca Sousa de Brito
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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33
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Shi JW, Yang HL, Fan DX, Yang SL, Qiu XM, Wang Y, Lai ZZ, Ha SY, Ruan LY, Shen HH, Zhou WJ, Li MQ. The role of CXC chemokine ligand 16 in physiological and pathological pregnancies. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 83:e13223. [PMID: 31972050 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival and development of a semi-allogeneic fetus during pregnancy require the involvement of a series of cytokines and immune cells. Chemokines are a type of special cytokine those were originally described as having a role in leukocyte trafficking. CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL) 16 is a member of the chemokine family, and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 6 is its sole receptor. Emerging evidence has shown that CXCL16/CXCR6 is expressed at the maternal-fetal interface, by cell types that include trophoblast cells, decidual stroma cells, and decidual immune cells (eg, monocytes, γδT cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cells). The regulation of expression of CXCL16 is quite complex, and this process involves a multitude of factors. CXCL16 exerts a critical role in the establishment of a successful pregnancy through a series of molecular interactions at the maternal-fetal interface. However, an abnormal expression of CXCL16 is associated with certain pathological states associated with pregnancy, including recurrent miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In the present review, the expression and pleiotropic roles of CXCL16 under conditions of physiological and pathological pregnancy are systematically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Shi
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Li Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng-Xuan Fan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Liang Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Min Qiu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Lai
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yao Ha
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Yu Ruan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Hui Shen
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhou
- Center of Reproductive Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Adeyemo A, Johnson C, Stiene A, LaSance K, Qi Z, Lemen L, Schultz JEJ. Limb functional recovery is impaired in fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) deficient mice despite chronic ischaemia-induced vascular growth. Growth Factors 2020; 38:75-93. [PMID: 32496882 PMCID: PMC8601595 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2020.1767612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
FGF2 is a potent stimulator of vascular growth; however, even with a deficiency of FGF2 (Fgf2-/-), developmental vessel growth or ischaemia-induced revascularization still transpires. It remains to be elucidated as to what function, if any, FGF2 has during ischaemic injury. Wildtype (WT) or Fgf2-/- mice were subjected to hindlimb ischaemia for up to 42 days. Limb function, vascular growth, inflammatory- and angiogenesis-related proteins, and inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed in sham and ischaemic limbs at various timepoints. Recovery of ischaemic limb function was delayed in Fgf2-/- mice. Yet, vascular growth response to ischaemia was similar between WT and Fgf2-/- hindlimbs. Several angiogenesis- and inflammatory-related proteins (MCP-1, CXCL16, MMPs and PAI-1) were increased in Fgf2-/- ischaemic muscle. Neutrophil or monocyte recruitment/infiltration was elevated in Fgf2-/- ischaemic muscle. In summary, our study indicates that loss of FGF2 induces a pro-inflammatory microenvironment in skeletal muscle which exacerbates ischaemic injury and delays functional limb use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola Adeyemo
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Christopher Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Andrew Stiene
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Kathleen LaSance
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Preclinical Imaging Core, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Zhihua Qi
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Preclinical Imaging Core, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Lisa Lemen
- Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Preclinical Imaging Core, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Jo El J. Schultz
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
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35
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Ullrich H, Gori T. The pleiotropic effects of antiplatelet therapies. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 73:29-34. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-199214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Ullrich
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Kardiologie I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg- University Mainz, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Standort Rhein-Main, Partnereinrichtung Mainz, Germany
| | - Tommaso Gori
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Kardiologie I, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg- University Mainz, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Standort Rhein-Main, Partnereinrichtung Mainz, Germany
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36
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Harman JL, Jørgensen HF. The role of smooth muscle cells in plaque stability: Therapeutic targeting potential. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3741-3753. [PMID: 31254285 PMCID: PMC6780045 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Events responsible for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity are predominantly caused by rupture of "vulnerable" atherosclerotic lesions. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a key role in atherogenesis and have historically been considered beneficial for plaque stability. VSMCs constitute the main cellular component of the protective fibrous cap within lesions and are responsible for synthesising strength-giving extracellular matrix components. However, lineage-tracing experiments in mouse models of atherosclerosis have shown that, in addition to the fibrous cap, VSMCs also give rise to many of the cell types found within the plaque core. In particular, VSMCs generate a substantial fraction of lipid-laden foam cells, and VSMC-derived cells expressing markers of macrophages, osteochondrocyte, and mesenchymal stem cells have been observed within lesions. Here, we review recent studies that have changed our perspective on VSMC function in atherosclerosis and discuss how VSMCs could be targeted to increase plaque stability.
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalrahman Zarzour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University
| | - Ha Won Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University.
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38
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Willecke F, Rupprecht B, Gissler MC, Pfeiffer K, Anto-Michel N, Stachon P, Wolf D, Hilgendorf I, Hoppe N, Bode C, Zirlik A. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Factor 5 Promotes Arterial Neointima Formation through Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation. J Vasc Res 2019; 56:308-319. [PMID: 31437850 DOI: 10.1159/000501615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) are cytoplasmic adaptor proteins of the TNF/interleukin (IL)-1/Toll-like receptor superfamily. Ligands of this family such as TNFα, CD40L, and IL-1β promote chronic inflammatory processes such as atherosclerosis and restenosis, the latter being a common adverse reaction after vascular interventions. We previously reported overexpression of TRAF5 in murine and human atheromata and TRAF5-dependent proinflammatory functions in vitro. However, the role of TRAF5 in restenosis remains unsettled. To evaluate whether TRAF5 affects neointima formation, TRAF5-/-LDLR-/- and TRAF5+/+LDLR-/- mice consuming a high cholesterol diet (HCD) received wire-induced injury of the carotid artery. After 28 days, TRAF5-deficient mice showed a 45% decrease in neointimal area formation compared with TRAF5-compentent mice. Furthermore, neointimal vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMC) and macrophages decreased whereas collagen increased in TRAF5-deficient mice. Mechanistically, the latter expressed lower transcript levels of the matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, both instrumental in extracellular matrix degradation and vSMC mobilization. Additionally, TRAF5-specific siRNA interference rendered murine vSMC less proliferative upon CD40L stimulation. In accordance with these findings, fewer vSMC isolated from TRAF5-deficient aortas were in a proliferative state as assessed by Ki67 and cyclin B1 expression. In conclusion, TRAF5 deficiency mitigates neointima formation in mice, likely through a TRAF5-dependent decrease in vSMC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Willecke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,
| | - Benjamin Rupprecht
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mark Colin Gissler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Pfeiffer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nathaly Anto-Michel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Stachon
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Hoppe
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Zirlik
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and its severe subtype pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) encompass a set of multifactorial diseases defined by sustained elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right ventricular failure and subsequent death. Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by vascular remodeling in association with smooth muscle cell proliferation of the arterioles, medial thickening, and plexiform lesion formation. Despite our recent advances in understanding its pathogenesis and related therapeutic discoveries, PH still remains a progressive disease without a cure. Nevertheless, development of drugs that specifically target molecular pathways involved in disease pathogenesis has led to improvement in life quality and clinical outcomes in patients with PAH. There are presently more than 12 Food and Drug Administration-approved vasodilator drugs in the United States for the treatment of PAH; however, mortality with contemporary therapies remains high. More recently, there have been exuberant efforts to develop new pharmacologic therapies that target the fundamental origins of PH and thus could represent disease-modifying opportunities. This review aims to summarize recent developments on key signaling pathways and molecular targets that drive PH disease progression, with emphasis on new therapeutic options under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Shan Chen Woodcock
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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40
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Luan P, Jian W, Xu X, Kou W, Yu Q, Hu H, Li D, Wang W, Feinberg MW, Zhuang J, Xu Y, Peng W. NLRC5 inhibits neointima formation following vascular injury and directly interacts with PPARγ. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2882. [PMID: 31253783 PMCID: PMC6599027 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 5 (NLRC5), an important immune regulator in innate immunity, is involved in regulating inflammation and antigen presentation. However, the role of NLRC5 in vascular remodeling remains unknown. Here we report the role of NLRC5 on vascular remodeling and provide a better understanding of its underlying mechanism. Nlrc5 knockout (Nlrc5−/−) mice exhibit more severe intimal hyperplasia compared with wild-type mice after carotid ligation. Ex vivo data shows that NLRC5 deficiency leads to increased proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). NLRC5 binds to PPARγ and inhibits HASMC dedifferentiation. NACHT domain of NLRC5 is essential for the interaction with PPARγ and stimulation of PPARγ activity. Pioglitazone significantly rescues excessive intimal hyperplasia in Nlrc5−/− mice and attenuates the increased proliferation and dedifferentiation in NLRC5-deficient HASMCs. Our study demonstrates that NLRC5 regulates vascular remodeling by directly inhibiting SMC dysfunction via its interaction with PPARγ. NLRC5 is known for its role in inflammation and antigen presentation. Here Luan et al. find that NLRC5 protects mice from intimal hyperplasia following vascular injury, and regulates the response of vascular smooth muscle cells to injury through direct interaction with PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Luan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weixia Jian
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wenxin Kou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Handan Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Dali Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jianhui Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Wenhui Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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41
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Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8267234. [PMID: 31191805 PMCID: PMC6525823 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8267234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents worldwide public health issue characterized by a set of cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance. The link between the MS and the associated diseases is represented by oxidative stress (OS) and by the intracellular redox imbalance, both caused by the persistence of chronic inflammatory conditions that characterize MS. The increase in oxidizing species formation in MS has been accepted as a major underlying mechanism for mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of protein and lipid oxidation products, and impairment of the antioxidant systems. These oxidative modifications are recognized as relevant OS biomarkers potentially able to (i) clarify the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the etiology of the MS, (ii) contribute to the diagnosis/evaluation of the disease's severity, and (iii) evaluate the utility of possible therapeutic strategies based on natural antioxidants. The antioxidant therapies indeed could be able to (i) counteract systemic as well as mitochondrial-derived OS, (ii) enhance the endogenous antioxidant defenses, (iii) alleviate MS symptoms, and (iv) prevent the complications linked to MS-derived cardiovascular diseases. The focus of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the role of OS in the development of metabolic alterations characterizing MS, with particular regard to the occurrence of OS-correlated biomarkers, as well as to the use of therapeutic strategies based on natural antioxidants.
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Lu D, Liao Y, Zhu SH, Chen QC, Xie DM, Liao JJ, Feng X, Jiang MH, He W. Bone-derived Nestin-positive mesenchymal stem cells improve cardiac function via recruiting cardiac endothelial cells after myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:127. [PMID: 31029167 PMCID: PMC6487029 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been reported to be effective for the treatment of ischemic heart disease, but whether BMSCs are the optimal cell type remains under debate. Increasing numbers of studies have shown that Nestin, an intermediate filament protein, is a potential marker for MSCs, which raises the question of whether Nestin+ cells in BMSCs may play a more crucial role in myocardial repair. METHODS Nestin+ cells were isolated using flow cytometry by gating for CD45- Ter119- CD31- cells from the compact bone of Nestin-GFP transgenic mice, expressing GFP driven by the Nestin promoter. Colony-forming and proliferative curve assays were conducted to determine the proliferative capacity of these cells, while qRT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA levels of relative chemokines and growth factors. Cardiac endothelial cell (CEC) recruitment was assessed via a transwell assay. Moreover, permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was performed to establish an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mouse model. After cell transplantation, conventional echocardiography was conducted 1 and 4 weeks post-MI, and hearts were harvested for hematoxylin-and-eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence staining 1 week post-MI. Further evaluation of paracrine factor levels and administration of a neutralizing antibody (TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and CXCL12) or a CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100) in MI hearts were performed to elucidate the mechanism involved in the chemotactic effect of Nestin+ BMSCs in vivo. RESULTS Compared with Nestin- BMSCs, a greater proliferative capacity of Nestin+ BMSCs was observed, which further exhibited moderately high expression of chemokines instead of growth factors. More CEC recruitment in the Nestin+ BMSC-cocultured group was observed in vitro, while this effect was obviously abolished after treatment with neutralizing antibodies against TIMP-1, TIMP-2, or CXCL12, and more importantly, blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis with a AMD3100 significantly reduced the chemotactic effect of Nestin+ BMSCs. After transplantation into mice exposed to myocardial infarction (MI), Nestin+ BMSC-treated mice showed significantly improved survival and left ventricular function compared with Nestin- BMSC-treated mice. Moreover, endogenous CECs were markedly increased, and chemokine levels were significantly higher, in the infarcted border zone with Nestin+ BMSC treatment. Meanwhile, neutralization of each TIMP-1, TIMP-2, or CXCL12 in vivo could reduce the left ventricular function at 1 and 4 weeks post-MI; importantly, the combined use of these three neutralizing antibodies could make a higher significance on cardiac function. Finally, blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis with AMD3100 significantly reduced the left ventricular function and greatly inhibited Nestin+ BMSC-induced CEC chemotaxis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Nestin+ BMSC transplantation can improve cardiac function in an AMI model by recruiting resident CECs to the infarcted border region via the CXCL12/CXCR4 chemokine pathway. And we demonstrated that Nestin+BMSC-secreted TIMP-1/2 enhances CXCL12(SDF1α)/CXCR4 axis-driven migration of endogenous Sca-1+ endothelial cells in ischemic heart post-AMI. Taken together, our results show that Nestin is a useful marker for the identification of functional BMSCs and indicate that Nestin+ BMSCs could be a better therapeutic candidate for cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Hua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Chao Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Mei Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Hua Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Anatomy, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen He
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Chen F, Wang H, Zhao J, Yan J, Meng H, Zhan H, Chen L, Yuan L. Grape seed proanthocyanidin inhibits monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension via attenuating inflammation: in vivo and in vitro studies. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 67:72-77. [PMID: 30856466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation in pulmonary arterioles initiates and maintains pathological processes in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and inhibition of it attenuates PAH development. Grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) is believed to be effective in protecting vascular system via inhibiting inflammation, while its effect on pulmonary circulation remains inconclusive. In this study, we made observations in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats and found decreases in mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary vessel resistance, right ventricular hypertrophy index, percentage of medial wall thickness, percentage of medial wall area, and lung weight of wet and dry tissue ratio after GSP administration in vivo. At the cellular and molecular levels, we also found several effects of GSP on MCT-induced PAH: (a) endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in lung tissue and plasma NO level were increased; (b) Ca2+ level in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) was decreased; (c) transcription of inflammatory factors such as myeloperoxidase, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was down-regulated in lung tissue; (d) nuclear factor-κB pathway was inhibited as IκBα was less phosphorylated; (e) TNFα-induced PASMC overproliferation could be inhibited. These results indicated a possible mechanism of GSP reversing pulmonary vascular remodeling and vascular contraction by inhibiting inflammation, and it may be useful for preventing PAH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzheng Chen
- The First Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Heng Wang
- Optometry & Ophthalmology College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- The First Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Junjie Yan
- Pharmacy College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Hanyan Meng
- Department of Pediatric, The Maternity Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Huilu Zhan
- The Second Clinical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Luowei Chen
- The First Clinic Medicine College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Linbo Yuan
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medicine School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P.R. China.
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Emerging role of myostatin and its inhibition in the setting of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2018; 95:506-517. [PMID: 30598193 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed tremendous progress in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying wasting and cachexia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in other chronic illnesses, such as cancer and heart failure. In all these conditions wasting is an effect of the activation of protein degradation in muscle, a response that increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. Major recent advances in our knowledge on how CKD and inflammation affect cellular signaling include the identification of the myostatin (MSTN)/activin system, and its related transcriptional program that promotes protein degradation. In addition, the identification of the role of MSTN/activin in the vascular wall shows premise that its inhibition can better control or prevent some effects of CKD on vessels, such as accelerated atherosclerosis and vascular calcifications. In this review, we summarize the expanding role of MSTN activation in promoting muscle atrophy and the recent clinical studies that investigated the efficacy of MSTN/activin pathway antagonism in sarcopenic patients. Moreover, we also review the utility of MSTN inhibition in the experimental models of CKD and its potential advantages in CKD patients. Lessons learned from clinical studies on MSTN antagonism in sarcopenic patients tell us that the anabolic intervention is likely better if we use a block of the two ActRII receptors. At the same time, however, it is becoming clear that MSTN-targeted therapies should not be seen as a substitute for physical activity and nutritional supplementation which are mandatory to successfully manage patients with wasting.
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Gori T. Endothelial Function: A Short Guide for the Interventional Cardiologist. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123838. [PMID: 30513819 PMCID: PMC6320818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An impaired function of the coronary endothelium is an important determinant of all stages of atherosclerosis, from initiation, to mediation of functional phenomena—such as spasm and plaque erosion, to atherothrombotic complications. Endothelial function is modified by therapies, including stent implantation. Finally, endothelial function changes over time, in response to physical stimuli and pharmocotherapies, and its assessment might provide information on how individual patients respond to specific therapies. In this review, we describe the role of the endothelium in the continuum of coronary atherosclerosis, from the perspective of the interventional cardiologist. In the first part, we review the current knowledge of the role of endothelial (dys)function on atherosclerotic plaque progression/instabilization and on the mechanisms of ischemia, in the absence of coronary artery stenosis. In the second part of this review, we describe the impact of coronary artery stenting on endothelial function, platelet aggregation, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Gori
- Kardiologie I, Zentrum für Kardiologie der Universitätsmedizin Mainz and DZHK Standort Rhein-Main, Langenbeckstr 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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Zhao Y, Yan L, Peng L, Huang X, Zhang G, Chen B, Ren J, Zhou Y, Yang L, Peng L, Jin X, Wang Y. Oleoylethanolamide alleviates macrophage formation via AMPK/PPARα/STAT3 pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:1185-1194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Lassner D, Siegismund CS, Kühl U, Rohde M, Stroux A, Escher F, Schultheiss HP. CCR5del32 genotype in human enteroviral cardiomyopathy leads to spontaneous virus clearance and improved outcome compared to wildtype CCR5. J Transl Med 2018; 16:249. [PMID: 30180856 PMCID: PMC6123922 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1610-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enteroviral cardiomyopathy is a life-threatening disease, and detection of enterovirus (EV) RNA in the initial endomyocardial biopsy is associated with adverse prognosis and increased mortality. Some patients with EV infection may spontaneously eliminate the virus and recover, whereas those with virus persistence deteriorate and progress to heart failure. Interferon-beta (IFN-β) therapy eliminates the virus, resulting in increased survival of treated patients. CCR5 is expressed on antigen-presenting cells (both macrophages and dendritic cells) and immune effector cells (T-lymphocytes with memory/effector phenotype and natural killer cells). Its 32-bp deletion (CCR5del32) is the most frequent human coding sequence mutation. This study addresses the correlation of CCR5 polymorphism to the clinical course of EV infection and the necessity for IFN-β treatment. Methods We examined 97 consecutive patients with chronic/inflammatory cardiomyopathy and biopsy-proven EV infection and reliable information on clinical outcomes by CCr5 genotyping. These data were evaluated in relation to virus persistence in follow-up biopsies and survival rates over a 15-year period. Results Genotyping revealed a strong correlation between the CCR5del32 genotype and spontaneous virus clearance with improved outcomes. All patients with CCR5del32 eliminated EV spontaneously and none of them died within the observed period. In the group of untreated CCR5 wildtype patients, 33% died (Kaplan–Meier log-rank p = 0.010). However, CCR5 wildtype individuals treated with IFN-β are more likely to survive than without therapy (Kaplan–Meier log-rank p = 0.004) in identical proportions to individuals with the CCR5del32 genotype. Conclusions These data suggest that CCR5 genotyping is a novel predictive genetic marker for the clinical course of human EV cardiomyopathies. Hereby clinicians can identify those EV positive individuals who will eliminate the virus spontaneously based on CCR5 phenotype and those patients with CCR5 wildtype genotype who would be eligible for immediate antiviral IFN-β treatment to minimize irreversible cardiac damage. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1610-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Lassner
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Uwe Kühl
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow, Charité-University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Rohde
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Stroux
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-University Hospital and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Escher
- Institute of Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow, Charité-University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Wang Y, Chen D, Zhang Y, Wang P, Zheng C, Zhang S, Yu B, Zhang L, Zhao G, Ma B, Cai Z, Xie N, Huang S, Liu Z, Mo X, Guan Y, Wang X, Fu Y, Ma D, Wang Y, Kong W. Novel Adipokine, FAM19A5, Inhibits Neointima Formation After Injury Through Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2. Circulation 2018; 138:48-63. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.032398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Obesity plays crucial roles in the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms that link obesity and cardiovascular diseases remain elusive. Compelling evidence indicates that adipokines play an important role in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. Here, we found a new adipokine-named family with sequence similarity 19, member A5 (FAM19A5), a protein with unknown function that was predicted to be distantly related to the CC-chemokine family. We aimed to test whether adipose-derived FAM19A5 regulates vascular pathology on injury.
Methods:
DNA cloning, protein expression, purification, and N-terminal sequencing were applied to characterize FAM19A5. Adenovirus infection and siRNA transfection were performed to regulate FAM19A5 expression. Balloon and wire injury were performed in vivo on the rat carotid arteries and mouse femoral arteries, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis, radioactive ligand-receptor binding assays, receptor internalization, and calcium mobilization assays were used to identify the functional receptor for FAM19A5.
Results:
We first characterized FAM19A5 as a secreted protein, and the first 43 N-terminal amino acids were the signal peptides. Both FAM19A5 mRNA and protein were abundantly expressed in the adipose tissue but were downregulated in obese mice. Overexpression of FAM19A5 markedly inhibited vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and neointima formation in the carotid arteries of balloon-injured rats. Accordingly, FAM19A5 silencing in adipocytes significantly promoted vascular smooth muscle cell activation. Adipose-specific FAM19A5 transgenic mice showed greater attenuation of neointima formation compared with wild-type littermates fed with or without Western-style diet. We further revealed that sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 was the functional receptor for FAM19A5, with a dissociation constant (
K
d
) of 0.634 nmol/L. Inhibition of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 or its downstream G12/13-RhoA signaling circumvented the suppressive effects of FAM19A5 on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration.
Conclusions:
We revealed that a novel adipokine, FAM19A5, was capable of inhibiting postinjury neointima formation via sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2-G12/13-RhoA signaling. Downregulation of FAM19A5 during obesity may trigger cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Dixin Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (D.C., Y.Z., P.W., C.Z., S.H., D.M., Y.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (D.C., Y.Z., P.W., C.Z., S.H., D.M., Y.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (D.C., Y.Z., P.W., C.Z., S.H., D.M., Y.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China (P.W., X.M., D.M., Y.W.)
| | - Can Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (D.C., Y.Z., P.W., C.Z., S.H., D.M., Y.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Songyang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Guizhen Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Baihui Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Zeyu Cai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Nan Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Shiyang Huang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (D.C., Y.Z., P.W., C.Z., S.H., D.M., Y.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Xiaoning Mo
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China (P.W., X.M., D.M., Y.W.)
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China (Y.G.)
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
| | - Dalong Ma
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (D.C., Y.Z., P.W., C.Z., S.H., D.M., Y.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China (P.W., X.M., D.M., Y.W.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology of Ministry of Health (D.C., Y.Z., P.W., C.Z., S.H., D.M., Y.W.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China (P.W., X.M., D.M., Y.W.)
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.W., D.C., S.Z., B.Y., L.Z., G.Z., B.M., Z.C., N.X., Z.L., X.W., Y.F., W.K.)
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Wang Y, Ying L, Jin KK, Nan Y, Hu S, Wu X, Qi R, Luo X, Wang L. Adenosine A(2A) receptor activation reverses hypoxia‑induced rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation via cyclic AMP‑mediated inhibition of the SDF1‑CXC4 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:607-614. [PMID: 29693117 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and the subsequent development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involve complicated mechanisms. Of these, the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) has been indicated to be closely associated with its progression. Therefore, therapeutic methods targeting PASMCs to inhibit proliferation is an effective method for alleviating PAH. The present study was designed to determine the role of the adenosine A(2A) receptor (A2A receptor) in hypoxia‑induced rat PASMC (RPASMC) proliferation. Primary RPASMCs were isolated from the pulmonary artery of adult male SD rats, cultured and used for the following experiments. The mRNA level and protein expression of CXCR4 were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. The cell proliferation of RPASMCs was measured using a cell proliferation assay kit. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the proliferation of RPASMCs was partially mediated by activation of the stromal cell‑derived factor 1 (SDF1)‑CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis under hypoxic conditions. In addition, SDF1‑α alone upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of CXCR4, and stimulated the proliferation of RPASMCs. The protein expression of CXCR4 and the cell proliferation were markedly inhibited by application of A2A receptor agonist CGS21680 or cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) under hypoxic conditions or treatment with SDF1‑α and was reversed by the A2A receptor antagonist SCH58261 or 8‑bromoadenosine‑3',5'‑cyclic monophosphorothioate. These results demonstrated that the inhibition of SDF1‑CXC4 signaling by the activation of A2A receptor and subsequent increase in the level of cAMP may be a potential method to ameliorate PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Ying
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Ke Jin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Nan
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Suhua Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Ruyi Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Liangxing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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de Vries MR, Quax PHA. Inflammation in Vein Graft Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:3. [PMID: 29417051 PMCID: PMC5787541 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bypass surgery is one of the most frequently used strategies to revascularize tissues downstream occlusive atherosclerotic lesions. For venous bypass surgery the great saphenous vein is the most commonly used vessel. Unfortunately, graft efficacy is low due to the development of vascular inflammation, intimal hyperplasia and accelerated atherosclerosis. Moreover, failure of grafts leads to significant adverse outcomes and even mortality. The last couple of decades not much has changed in the treatment of vein graft disease (VGD). However, insight is the cellular and molecular mechanisms of VGD has increased. In this review, we discuss the latest insights on VGD and the role of inflammation in this. We discuss vein graft pathophysiology including hemodynamic changes, the role of vessel wall constitutions and vascular remodeling. We show that profound systemic and local inflammatory responses, including inflammation of the perivascular fat, involve both the innate and adaptive immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margreet R de Vries
- Department of Surgery, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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