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Zhao N, Li J, Zhang QX, Yang L, Zhang LJ. Elevated neutrophil-related immune-inflammatory biomarkers in acute anterior choroidal artery territory infarction with early progression. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023; 229:107720. [PMID: 37084652 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The anterior choroidal artery territory (AChA) infarction has a high rate of progression and poor functional prognosis. The aim of the study is to search for fast and convenient biomarkers to forecast the early progression of acute AChA infarction. METHODS We respectively collected 51 acute AChA infarction patients, and compared the laboratorial index between early progressive and non-progressive acute AChA infarction patients. The receiver-operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the discriminant efficacy of indicators that had statistical significance. RESULTS The white blood cell, neutrophil, monocyte, white blood cell to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, monocyte to lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and hypersensitive C-reaction protein in acute AChA infarction are significantly higher than healthy controls (P < 0.05). The NHR (P = 0.020) and NLR (P = 0.006) are remarkably higher in acute AChA infarction patients with early progression than non-progression. The area under the ROC curve of NHR, NLR, the combine of NHR and NLR are 0.689 (P = 0.011), 0.723 (P = 0.003), 0.751 (P < 0.001), respectively. But there are no significant differences in efficiency between NHR and NLR and their combined marker in predicting progression (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION NHR and NLR may be significant predictors of early progressive patients with acute AChA infarction, and the combination of NHR and NLR could be a preferable prognostic marker for AChA infarction with early progressive course in acute stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lin-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
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2
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Wang H, Wang C, Xuan X, Xie Z, Qiu Y, Qin H, Xiaoning Z. Association between triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and type 2 diabetes risk in Japanese. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3719. [PMID: 36878958 PMCID: PMC9988840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25585-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal lipid metabolism is known to increases the risk for metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). The relationship between baseline ratio of triglyceride to HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) and T2DM in Japanese adults was investigated in this study. Our secondary analysis included 8419 male and 7034 female Japanese subjects who were free of diabetes at baseline. The correlation between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM was analyzed by a proportional risk regression model, the nonlinear correlation between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM was analyzed by a generalized additive model (GAM), and the threshold effect analysis was performed by a segmented regression model. We conducted subgroup analyses in different populations. During the median 5.39 years follow-up, 373 participants, 286 males and 87 females, developed diabetes mellitus. After full adjustment for confounders, the baseline TG/HDL-C ratio positively correlated with the risk of diabetes (hazard ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.3), and smoothed curve fitting and two-stage linear regression analysis revealed a J-shaped relationship between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM. The inflection point for baseline TG/HDL-C was 0.35. baseline TG/HDL-C > 0.35 was positively associated with the development of T2DM (hazard ratio 1.2, 95% confidence interval 1.10-1.31). Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences in the effect between TG/HDL-C and T2DM in different populations. A J-shaped relationship was observed between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM risk in the Japanese population. When TG/HDL-C was higher than 0.35, there was a positive relationship between baseline TG/HDL-C and the incidence of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Medicine, Guilin People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Changming Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guilin People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuping Xuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhouni Xie
- Department of General Medicine, Guilin People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Qiu
- Department of General Medicine, Guilin People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guilin People's Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Xiaoning
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Ronca A, Pellegrini N, Pagliai G, Dinu M, Manfredini M, Incerti M, Favari E, Sofi F. Effects of a dietary intervention with Mediterranean vs lacto-ovo vegetarian diets on HDL function: Results from the CARDIVEG study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:651-658. [PMID: 36642608 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM HDL-cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) has been shown to be a better cardiovascular (CVD) risk marker than serum HDL concentration. Several foods and nutrients have been shown to improve HDL functions, however no effective dietetic nor pharmacological strategy is available to increase CEC. This study aims to evaluate the possible effect of Mediterranean diet (MD) and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (VD) on HDL function in a group of clinically healthy subjects at low-to-moderate CVD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty apparently healthy subjects with a low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk profile (21 F; mean age: 51.3 ± 9.7 years) were randomly assigned to a 3-month MD or VD diet and then crossed. Participants on VD showed a reduction in total HDL CEC by 8.99% (p < 0.001) as well as a reduction in ABCA1 mediated-CEC by 18.62% (p < 0.001) compared to participants on MD. Regarding CEC mediated by aqueous diffusion, no significant changes were observed after treatment with either diet. Finally, a significant positive association between CEC mediated by the ABCA1 transporter and adiponectin was found (r = 0.462; p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that HDL activity in promoting cholesterol efflux and thereby reducing the concentration of pro-atherogenic lipoproteins was more effective in participants undergoing MD than VD. Based on these findings, the MD could be considered a better therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular prevention than VD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL http://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov. Unique identifier: NCT02641834.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Ronca
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuditta Pagliai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Manfredini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science, And Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Incerti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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4
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Stadler JT, van Poppel MNM, Christoffersen C, Hill D, Wadsack C, Simmons D, Desoye G, Marsche G. Gestational Hypertension and High-Density Lipoprotein Function: An Explorative Study in Overweight/Obese Women of the DALI Cohort. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:68. [PMID: 36670930 PMCID: PMC9854490 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational hypertension (GHTN) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk for mothers and their offspring later in life. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are anti-atherogenic by promoting efflux of cholesterol from macrophages and suppression of endothelial cell activation. Functional impairment of HDL in GHTN-complicated pregnancies may affect long-term health of both mothers and offspring. We studied functional parameters of maternal and neonatal HDL in 192 obese women (pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 29), who were at high risk for GHTN. Maternal blood samples were collected longitudinally at <20 weeks, at 24−28 and 35−37 weeks of gestation. Venous cord blood was collected immediately after birth. Maternal and cord blood were used to determine functional parameters of HDL, such as HDL cholesterol efflux capacity, activity of the vaso-protective HDL-associated enzyme paraoxonase-1, and levels of the HDL-associated anti-inflammatory apolipoprotein (apo)M. In addition, we determined serum anti-oxidative capacity. Thirteen percent of the women were diagnosed with GHTN. While we found no changes in measures of HDL function in mothers with GHTN, we observed impaired HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and paraoxonase-1 activity in cord blood, while serum antioxidant capacity was increased. Of particular interest, increased maternal paraoxonase-1 activity and apoM levels in early pregnancy were associated with the risk of developing GHTN. GHTN significantly impairs HDL cholesterol efflux capacity as well as HDL PON1 activity in cord blood and could affect vascular health in offspring. Maternal paraoxonase-1 activity and apoM levels in early pregnancy associate with the risk of developing GHTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia T. Stadler
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - M. N. M. van Poppel
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Christoffersen
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Hill
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - David Simmons
- Macarthur Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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de la Cruz-Ares S, Leon-Acuña A, Yubero-Serrano EM, Torres-Peña JD, Arenas-de Larriva AP, Cardelo MP, Rangel-Zuñiga OA, Luque RM, Alcala-Diaz JF, Ordovas JM, Perez-Martinez P, Lopez-Miranda J, Delgado-Lista J. High density lipoprotein subfractions and extent of coronary atherosclerotic lesions: From the cordioprev study. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 533:89-95. [PMID: 35700819 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The extent of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD) is associated with its prognosis, thus discovering potential biomarkers related to worse outcomes could prove valuable. The present work aims to investigate whether lipoprotein subfractions are associated with angiographic CHD severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients from the CORDIOPREV study exhibiting coronary lesions in angiography were classified into two groups (single-vessel coronary disease (SVD) or multivessel coronary disease (MVD)). High-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy determined lipoprotein subfractions concentration and composition. RESULTS SVD patients showed a higher concentration of medium and small HDL particles compared with MVD patients. For medium HDL, total lipids, phospholipids, total cholesterol, cholesteryl esters and free cholesterol reflected HDL particle concentration, whereas, for small HDL, total lipids, phospholipids, and free cholesterol mirrored lipoprotein particle concentration. Among traditional cardiovascular risk factors, age, hypertension and T2D were independently associated with angiography severity. In multivariate logistic regression models, medium and small HDL particles remained inversely associated with angiography severity (OR 0.77 (95% CI: 0.64-0.91); OR 0.78 (95% CI: 0.67-0.91), respectively) after adjusting with covariates. CONCLUSION In CHD patients mostly on statin treatment, angiography severity is inversely related to small and medium HDL subclasses concentration measured by NMR. These particles are also independent predictors of the presence of MVD, and its use increased the prediction of this entity over traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia de la Cruz-Ares
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Leon-Acuña
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena M Yubero-Serrano
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose D Torres-Peña
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio P Arenas-de Larriva
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Magdalena P Cardelo
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol A Rangel-Zuñiga
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul M Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan F Alcala-Diaz
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Human Nutrition Research Center of Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; IMDEA Food Institute, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Effects of Individual Amino Acids on PPARα Transactivation, mTORC1 Activation, ApoA-I Transcription and pro-ApoA-I Secretion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116071. [PMID: 35682748 PMCID: PMC9181357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A higher concentration of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is associated with increased high density lipoprotein functionality and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). A promising strategy to prevent cardiovascular diseases is therefore to improve RCT by increasing de novo ApoA-I production. Since experimental animal models have suggested effects of amino acids on hepatic lipoprotein metabolism, we here examined the effects of different amino acids on hepatic ApoA-I production. Human hepatocytes (HepG2) were exposed to six individual amino acids for 48 h. ApoA-I transcription and secreted pro-ApoA-I protein concentrations were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), respectively. Additionally, CPT1 and KEAP1 mRNA expression, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) transactivation, and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) phosphorylation were determined. Leucine, glutamic acid, and tryptophan increased ApoA-I and CPT1 mRNA expression. Tryptophan also strongly increased PPARα transactivation. Glutamine, proline, and histidine increased pro-ApoA-I protein concentrations but mTORC1 phosphorylation remained unchanged regardless of the amino acid provided. In conclusion, individual amino acids have different effects on ApoA-I mRNA expression and pro-ApoA-I production which can partially be explained by specific effects on PPARα transactivation, while mTORC1 phosphorylation remained unaffected.
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7
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Sorokin AV, Patel N, Abdelrahman KM, Ling C, Reimund M, Graziano G, Sampson M, Playford M, Dey AK, Reddy A, Teague HL, Stagliano M, Amar M, Chen MY, Mehta N, Remaley AT. Complex association of apolipoprotein E-containing HDL with coronary artery disease burden in cardiovascular disease. JCI Insight 2022; 7:159577. [PMID: 35389891 PMCID: PMC9220837 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.159577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although traditional lipid parameters and coronary imaging techniques are valuable for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction, better diagnostic tests are still needed. Methods In a prospective, observational study, 795 individuals had extensive cardiometabolic profiling, including emerging biomarkers, such as apolipoprotein E–containing HDL-cholesterol (ApoE-HDL-C). Coronary artery calcium (CAC) score was assessed in the entire cohort, and quantitative coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) characterization of total burden, noncalcified burden (NCB), and fibrous plaque burden (FB) was performed in a subcohort (n = 300) of patients stratified by concentration of ApoE-HDL-C. Total and HDL-containing apolipoprotein C-III (ApoC-III) were also measured. Results Most patients had a clinical diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 80.4% of 795), with mean age of 59 years, a majority being male (57%), and about half on statin treatment. The low ApoE-HDL-C group had more severe stenosis (11% vs. 2%, overall P < 0.001), with higher CAC as compared with high ApoE-HDL-C. On quantitative CCTA, the high ApoE-HDL-C group had lower NCB (β = –0.24, P = 0.0001), which tended to be significant in a fully adjusted model (β = –0.32, P = 0.001) and altered by ApoC-III in HDL levels. Low ApoE-HDL-C was significantly associated with LDL particle number (β = 0.31; P = 0.0001). Finally, when stratified by FB, ApoC-III in HDL showed a more robust predictive value of CAD over ApoE-HDL-C (AUC: 0.705, P = 0.0001) in a fully adjusted model. Conclusion ApoE-containing HDL-C showed a significant association with early coronary plaque characteristics and is affected by the presence of ApoC-III, indicating that low ApoE-HDL-C and high ApoC-III may be important markers of CVD severity. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01621594. Funding This work was supported by the NHLBI at the NIH Intramural Research Program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Sorokin
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Nidhi Patel
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Khaled M Abdelrahman
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Clarence Ling
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Mart Reimund
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Giorgio Graziano
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Maureen Sampson
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Martin Playford
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Amit K Dey
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Aarthi Reddy
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Heather L Teague
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Michael Stagliano
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Marcelo Amar
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Nehal Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Section of Lipoprotein Metabolism, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, NIH, NHLBI, Bethesda, United States of America
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8
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Rivas-Urbina A, Rotllan N, Santos D, Julve J, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Escolà-Gil JC. Monitoring Atheroprotective Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux In Vivo. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2419:569-581. [PMID: 35237989 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This chapter provides details on the methodologies currently used to monitor macrophage cholesterol efflux in vivo in mice. The general principles and techniques described herein can be applied to evaluate the effect of different experimental pathophysiological conditions or the efficacy of different therapeutic strategies on the modulation of in vivo cholesterol efflux to plasma acceptors and the rate of reverse transport of unesterified cholesterol from macrophages to feces in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rivas-Urbina
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Santos
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Sanchez-Quesada
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain. .,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas. CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain. .,Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Assessment of Ex Vivo Antioxidative Potential of Murine HDL in Atherosclerosis. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2419:283-292. [PMID: 35237971 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This chapter provides details on a simple and reproducible method used to determine the capacity of murine HDL to prevent the oxidation of LDL . The principle of the method is based on the rearrangement of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids that occurs during the oxidation of human LDL , which generates a sigmoidal curve. The shape and length of the curve is modified in the presence of HDL , and such modifications are easily quantifiable by measuring the absorbance of conjugated dienes at 234 nm. The general technique described herein may be applied to evaluate the effect of HDL obtained from different experimental murine models of atherosclerosis.
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10
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Structural and Functional Changes of Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) by Incorporation of α-synuclein: A Potent Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Activity of α-synuclein and apoA-I in HDL at High Molar Ratio of α-synuclein. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247485. [PMID: 34946565 PMCID: PMC8707077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
α-synuclein (α-syn) is a major culprit of Parkinson's disease (PD), although lipoprotein metabolism is very important in the pathogenesis of PD. α-syn was expressed and purified using the pET30a expression vector from an E. coli expression system to elucidate the physiological effects of α-syn on lipoprotein metabolism. The human α-syn protein (140 amino acids) with His-tag (8 amino acids) was expressed and purified to at least 95% purity. Isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis showed that the isoelectric point (pI) of α-syn and apoA-I were pI = 4.5 and pI = 6.4, respectively. The lipid-free α-syn showed almost no phospholipid-binding ability, while apoA-I showed rapid binding ability with a half-time (T1/2) = 8 ± 0.7 min. The α-syn and apoA-I could be incorporated into the reconstituted HDL (rHDL, molar ratio 95:5:1:1, palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC):cholesterol:apoA-I:α-syn with the production of larger particles (92 Å) than apoA-I-rHDL (86 and 78 Å) and α-syn-rHDL (65 Å). An rHDL containing both apoA-I and α-syn showed lower α-helicity around 45% with a red shift of the Trp wavelength maximum fluorescence (WMF) from 339 nm, while apoA-I-HDL showed 76% α-helicity and 337 nm of WMF. The denaturation by urea addition showed that the incorporation of α-syn in rHDL caused a larger increase in the WMF than apoA-I-rHDL, suggesting that the destabilization of the secondary structure of apoA-I by the addition of α-syn. On the other hand, the addition of α-syn induced two-times higher resistance to rHDL glycation at apoA-I:α-syn molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2. Interestingly, low α-syn in rHDL concentrations, molar ratio of 1:0.5 (apoA-I:α-syn), did not prevent glycation with more multimerization of apoA-I. In the lipid-free and lipid-bound state, α-syn showed more potent antioxidant activity than apoA-I against cupric ion-mediated LDL oxidation. On the other hand, microinjection of α-syn (final 2 μM) resulted in 10% less survival of zebrafish embryos than apoA-I. A subcutaneous injection of α-syn (final 34 μM) resulted in less tail fin regeneration than apoA-I. Interestingly, incorporation of α-syn at a low molar ratio (apoA-I:α-syn, 1:0.5) in rHDL resulted destabilization of the secondary structure and impairment of apoA-I functionality via more oxidation and glycation. However, at a higher molar ratio of α-syn in rHDL (apoA-I:α-syn = 1:1 or 1:2) exhibited potent antioxidant and anti-glycation activity without aggregation. In conclusion, there might be a critical concentration of α-syn and apoA-I in HDL-like complex to prevent the aggregation of apoA-I via structural and functional enhancement.
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11
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Bi X, Liu X, Cheng J. Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio Is Associated With Early Neurological Deterioration in Acute Isolated Pontine Infarction. Front Neurol 2021; 12:678884. [PMID: 34262524 PMCID: PMC8273253 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.678884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has been considered to be a novel inflammatory marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, its role in the acute phase of acute isolated pontine infarctions remains elusive. We explored whether an association existed between elevated MHR levels and early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with isolated pontine infarction. Methods: Data from 212 patients with acute isolated pontine infarction were retrospectively analyzed. We examined the MHR in quartiles of increasing levels to evaluate for possible threshold effects. END was defined as an elevation in the total National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥2 or an increase in NIHSS score ≥1 in motor power within the first week after symptom onset. Patients were divided into an END group and a non-END group. The association of MHR on END following pontine infarction was examined by logistic regression models after adjusting for age, NIHSS at admission, basilar artery stenosis, history of hypertension or hyperlipidemia or stroke, infarct size, fasting blood glucose, and paramedian pontine infarction. Results: The mean MHR was 0.44 ± 0.22. A total of 58 (27.36%) patients were diagnosed with END. END occurred within the first 48 h after hospitalization in 38 patients (65.52%). After adjusting for confounding and risk factors, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed NIHSS at admission [odds ratio (OR), 1.228; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.036–1.456], basilar artery stenosis (OR, 2.843; 95% CI, 1.205–6.727), and fasting blood glucose (OR, 1.296; 95% CI, 1.004–1.672) were independently associated with END. The odds ratio of END increased as the quartile level of MHR increased, with the lowest quartile used as the reference value. Compared to the first quartile of MHR, the third and fourth quartiles were associated with 4.847-fold (95% CI, 1.532–15.336) and 5.824-fold (95% CI, 1.845–18.385) higher odds of END in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Elevated MHR levels may be valuable as a biomarker of END in patients with isolated pontine infarction. The elevated MHR was independently associated with END in isolated pontine infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Bi
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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High-sensitivity CRP may be a marker of HDL dysfunction and remodeling in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11444. [PMID: 34075063 PMCID: PMC8169928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), further increasing the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) as an add-on to statins cannot reduce cardiovascular risk. And it has been reported that HDL functional metric—cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) may be a better predictor of CAD risk than HDL-C. CEC measurement is time-consuming and not applicable in clinical settings. Thus, it is meaningful to explore an easily acquired index for evaluating CEC. Thirty-six CAD patients and sixty-one non-CAD controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All CAD patients had acute coronary syndrome (ACS). CEC was measured using a [3H] cholesterol loading Raw 264.7 cell model with apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma (a surrogate for HDL). Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to assess HDL components and subclass distribution. CEC was significantly impaired in CAD patients (11.9 ± 2.3%) compared to controls (13.0 ± 2.2%, p = 0.022). In control group, CEC was positively correlated with enzymatically measured HDL-C levels (r = 0.358, p = 0.006) or with NMR-determined HDL-C levels (NMR-HDL-C, r = 0.416, p = 0.001). However, in CAD group, there was no significant correlation between CEC and HDL-C (r = 0.216, p = 0.206) or NMR-HDL-C (r = 0.065, p = 0.708). Instead, we found that the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was inversely associated with CEC (r = − 0.351, p = 0.036). Multiple regression analysis showed that the hsCRP level was associated with CEC after adjusting other cardiovascular risk factors and HDL-C, although the association would not reach significance if adjusting for multiple testing. NMR spectroscopy showed that HDL particles shifted to larger ones in patients with high hsCRP levels, and this phenomenon was accompanied by decreased CEC. In patients with CAD, the level of HDL-C cannot reflect HDL function. The impaired correlation between HDL-C and CEC is possibly due to an inflammation-induced HDL subclass remodeling. These hypothesis-generating data suggest that hsCRP levels, a marker of acute inflammation, may associate with HDL dysfunction in ACS subjects. Due to the design limited to be correlative in nature, not permitting causal inference and a larger, strictly designed study is still needed.
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Nakajima K, Higuchi R, Mizusawa K, Nakamura T. Association between extremely high high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and hypertensive retinopathy: results of a cross-sectional study from Kanagawa Investigation of Total Checkup Data from the National Database-6 (KITCHEN-6). BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043677. [PMID: 33980518 PMCID: PMC8118016 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Doubt has been cast on the atheroprotective effect of very high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is caused by persistent systemic hypertension. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between extremely high HDL-C (EH-HDL) and HR. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4072 general Japanese population aged 40-74 years who underwent regular medical check-ups including fundus examinations. OUTCOME MEASURES HR and clinical parameters including serum HDL-C were investigated. HR was determined by the Keith-Wagener classification and the Scheie classifications for Hypertension and Atherosclerosis (n=4054 available). Serum HDL-C was divided into five categories: 30-49, 50-69, 70-89, 90-109 and ≥110 mg/dL. RESULTS Overall, 828 (20.3%) subjects had Keith-Wagener-HR, 578 (14.3%) had hypertension-HR, and 628 (15.5%) had atherosclerosis-HR. Blood pressure decreased as HDL-C level increased, whereas the prevalences of HRs showed U-shaped curves against HDL-C with minimum values for HDL-C 90-109 mg/dL. In logistic regression analyses, EH-HDL ≥110 mg/dL was significantly associated with Keith-Wagener-HR and atherosclerosis-HR, compared with HDL-C 90-109 mg/dL after adjustments for age, sex and systolic blood pressure (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.45 to 6.27 and OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.86). The hypertension-HR was not significantly associated with EH-HDL regardless of adjustment for the confounding factors (p=0.05-0.08). Although serum HDL-C as a continuous variable was inversely associated with three HRs, which disappeared after adjustment for the confounding factors. CONCLUSION EH-HDL may be associated with HR independently of blood pressure, suggesting that EH-HDL reflects a special atherosclerotic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nakajima
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saitama Medical Center, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryoko Higuchi
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaori Mizusawa
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Teiji Nakamura
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
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Changes in the Composition and Function of Lipoproteins after Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Severe Obesity. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10081716. [PMID: 33923393 PMCID: PMC8071565 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of bariatric surgery on lipid profile and the qualitative characteristics of lipoproteins was analyzed in morbidly obese subjects. Thirteen obese patients underwent bariatric surgery. Plasma samples were obtained before surgery and at 6 and 12 months after the intervention. Thirteen healthy subjects comprised the control group. Lipid profile, hsCRP, and the composition and functional characteristics of VLDL, LDL, and HDL were assessed. At baseline, plasma from subjects with obesity had more triglycerides, VLDLc, and hsCRP, and less HDLc than the control group. These levels progressively normalized after surgery, although triglyceride and hsCRP levels remained higher than those in the controls. The main differences in lipoprotein composition between the obese subjects and the controls were increased apoE in VLDL, and decreased cholesterol and apoJ and increased apoC-III content in HDL. The pro-/anti-atherogenic properties of LDL and HDL were altered in the subjects with obesity at baseline compared with the controls, presenting smaller LDL particles that are more susceptible to modification and smaller HDL particles with decreased antioxidant capacity. Bariatric surgery normalized the composition of lipoproteins and improved the qualitative characteristics of LDL and HDL. In summary, patients with obesity present multiple alterations in the qualitative properties of lipoproteins compared with healthy subjects. Bariatric surgery reverted most of these alterations.
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15
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Correlation of dynamic membrane fluctuations in red blood cells with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risks. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7007. [PMID: 33772071 PMCID: PMC7997877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The rheological and physiological properties of red blood cells (RBCs) are affected by many factors in the vascular environment. Among them, membrane fluctuations (MFs), particularly dynamic fluctuations in RBC cell membrane thickness (RBC-MFs), are likely to be altered by the level of glycation of haemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). We investigated the associations of RBC-MFs with physiological variables associated with DM and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Forty-one healthy control subjects and 59 patients with DM were enrolled. Five-microliter samples of blood were collected and diluted 400 times. To measure the RBC-MFs, holotomography was used, which non-invasively and precisely analyses the optical characteristics of RBCs. Associations between the RBC-MFs and biochemical parameters related to glucose homeostasis and lipid profiles were investigated. Independent associations of the RBC-MFs with the presence of CVDs were also analysed. RBC-MFs were lower in patients with DM than in healthy participants (61.64 ± 7.49 nm vs 70.65 ± 6.65 nm, P = 1.4 × 10−8). RBC-MFs correlated modestly with glycated haemoglobin level (ρ = − 0.47) and weakly with age (ρ = − 0.36), duration of diabetes (ρ = − 0.36), fasting plasma glucose level (ρ = − 0.37), and the 10-year Framingham risk score (ρ = − 0.38) (all P < 0.05). Low RBC-MFs were independently associated with the presence of CVDs after adjusting for CVD risk factors. The weak but significant associations of RBC-MFs with cardiometabolic risk factors and CVDs suggest that such deformity of circulating RBCs may be a useful marker of vascular complications of DM.
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16
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Zhang B, Li D, Liu G, Tan W, Zhang G, Liao J. Impaired activity of circulating EPCs and endothelial function are associated with increased Syntax score in patients with coronary artery disease. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:321. [PMID: 33760184 PMCID: PMC7974324 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been shown that the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is negatively correlated with Syntax score in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the association between alterations in EPC function and Syntax score is still unknown. The present study evaluated the association between the activity of EPCs as well as endothelial function and Syntax score in patients with CAD and investigated the underlying mechanisms. A total of 60 patients with CAD were enrolled in 3 groups according to Syntax score, and 20 healthy subjects were recruited as the control group. The number and migratory, proliferative and adhesive activities of circulating EPCs were studied. The endothelial function was measured by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma or secreted by EPCs were detected. The number and activity of circulating EPCs were lower in patients with a high Syntax score, which was similar to the alteration in FMD. The level of NO in plasma or secreted by EPCs also decreased as Syntax score increased. There was a negative association between FMD or circulating EPCs and Syntax score. A similar association was observed between the levels of NO in plasma or secreted by EPCs and Syntax score. Patients with CAD who had a higher Syntax score exhibited lower EPC numbers or activity and weaker endothelial function, which may be associated with attenuated NO production. These findings provide novel surrogate parameters for evaluation of the severity and complexity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529030, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529030, P.R. China
| | - Gexiu Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529030, P.R. China
| | - Gaoxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529030, P.R. China
| | - Jinli Liao
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Lui DTW, Cheung CL, Lee ACH, Wong Y, Shiu SWM, Tan KCB. Carbamylated HDL and Mortality Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:804-809. [PMID: 33402368 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carbamylation is part of the aging process and causes adverse changes in the structure and function of proteins. Lipoproteins are subjected to carbamylation. We investigated the usefulness of carbamylated HDL as a prognostic indicator of survival in patients with type 2 diabetes and the association with mortality outcomes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Baseline plasma carbamylated HDL was measured by ELISA in a cohort of 1,517 patients with type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes were cause-specific deaths, including cardiovascular, renal, infection, and cancer related. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 14 years, 292 patients died, and the mortality rate was 14.5 per 1,000 person-years. Plasma carbamylated HDL level was higher in those with a fatal outcome (46.1 ± 17.8 µg/mL vs. 32.9 ± 10.7; P < 0.01). Patients in the third (hazard ratio [HR] 2.11; 95% CI 1.40-3.17; P < 0.001) and fourth quartiles (HR 6.55; 95% CI 4.67-9.77; P < 0.001) of carbamylated HDL had increased mortality risk. After adjustment for conventional risk factors, elevated carbamylated HDL was independently associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.39; 95% CI 1.28-1.52; P < 0.001) as well as with all the cause-specific mortalities. Adding plasma carbamylated HDL level improved the power of the multivariable models for predicting all-cause mortality, with significant increments in C index (from 0.78 to 0.80; P < 0.001), net reclassification index, and integrated discrimination improvement. CONCLUSIONS Carbamylation of HDL renders HDL dysfunctional, and carbamylated HDL is independently associated with mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T W Lui
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ching-Lung Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alan C H Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ying Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sammy W M Shiu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Morris G, Puri BK, Bortolasci CC, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Moreira EG, Maes M. The role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and paraoxonase-1 in the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:244-263. [PMID: 33657433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lowered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has been reported in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, first episode of psychosis, and schizophrenia. HDL, its major apolipoprotein component, ApoA1, and the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase (PON)1 (which is normally bound to ApoA1) all have anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory roles, which are discussed in this paper. The paper details the pathways mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 and describes the mechanisms leading to compromised HDL and PON1 levels and function in an environment of chronic inflammation. The molecular mechanisms by which changes in HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 might contribute to the pathophysiology of the neuroprogressive disorders are explained. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory actions of ApoM-mediated sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signalling are reviewed as well as the deleterious effects of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress on ApoM/S1P signalling. Finally, therapeutic interventions specifically aimed at improving the levels and function of HDL and PON1 while reducing levels of inflammation and oxidative stress are considered. These include the so-called Mediterranean diet, extra virgin olive oil, polyphenols, flavonoids, isoflavones, pomegranate juice, melatonin and the Mediterranean diet combined with the ketogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Andre Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry and The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Estefania G Moreira
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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19
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Piovesan CH, Gustavo A, Macagnan FE, Saboya PP, Oliveira MDS, Bodanese LC, Ludwig MWB, Closs VE, Feoli AMP. The Effect of Different Interventions for Lifestyle Modifications on the Number of Diagnostic Criteria and Clinical Aspects of Metabolic Syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2020; 19:8-17. [PMID: 33090083 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lifestyle intervention programs comprise the first-choice therapy to reduce the cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our aim was to compare the effects of three lifestyle modification programs on the number of diagnostic criteria and clinical parameters of MetS. Methods: Twelve-week clinical trial, including 125 adults who presented at least three of the criteria defined by the revised NCEP ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Panel III) for MetS. Individuals were randomized into three multidisciplinary intervention groups: Standard Intervention (SI), Group Intervention (GI) and Individual Intervention (II). Results: Seventy-one individuals, aged 34-59 years, concluded the study: SI: 20, GI: 25, and II: 26. The GI and II groups presented a significant decrease of body mass index, abdominal circumference, diastolic and systolic arterial pressure after intervention. The number of diagnostic criteria for MetS decreased significantly. Within the GI and II groups, 16.0% and 15.4% of the individuals, respectively, did not meet the criteria for the clinical condition studied at the end of the interventions. In the II group, the percentage of individuals with five criteria reduced 83.5%. In the GI group, the percentage of individuals with five criteria remained the same, but the number of individuals with four criteria presented a 50.0% reduction. Conclusions: Results reinforce that nonpharmacological strategies for changing lifestyle affect the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors existing in MetS. They are also able to remove the population from this clinical condition by decreasing the diagnostic criteria. II or GI lead to a successful treatment of MetS, especially when conducted by multidisciplinary team. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials-ReBEC number: RBR-9wz5fc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Haas Piovesan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andréia Gustavo
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Edler Macagnan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pozas Saboya
- Cardiology Service of Hospital São Lucas, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Margareth da Silva Oliveira
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Bodanese
- Cardiology Service of Hospital São Lucas, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Martha Wallig Brusius Ludwig
- Department of Contextual Behavioral Therapies, Center for Family and Individual Studies, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vera Elizabeth Closs
- Biomedical Gerontology Graduate Program - Study Group on Cardiometabolic Risk, Aging and Nutrition - Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Pandolfo Feoli
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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20
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Thymiakou E, Othman A, Hornemann T, Kardassis D. Defects in High Density Lipoprotein metabolism and hepatic steatosis in mice with liver-specific ablation of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4A. Metabolism 2020; 110:154307. [PMID: 32622843 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant concentration, structure and functionality of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) are associated with many prevalent diseases, including cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mice with liver-specific ablation of Hnf4α (H4LivKO) present steatosis and dyslipidemia by mechanisms that are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to explore the role of liver HNF4A in HDL metabolism and the development of steatosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Serum and tissue samples were obtained from 6-weeks old H4LivKO mice and their littermate controls. Liver and serum lipids were measured and HDL structure and functionality were assessed. Global gene expression changes in the liver were analyzed by expression arrays, validations were performed by RT-qPCR and DNA-protein interactions were studied by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). H4LivKO mice presented liver steatosis, increased liver triglyceride content and decreased concentration of serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. Most classes of phospholipids showed significant changes in species ratio and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels were reduced. H4LivKO serum was enriched in the smaller, denser HDL particles, devoid of APOA2 and APOM apolipoproteins, exhibiting decreased activity of paraoxonase-1 but retaining macrophage cholesterol efflux capacity and phospho-AKT activation in endothelial cells. Global gene expression analysis revealed the association of liver HNF4A with known and novel regulators of HDL metabolism as well as NAFLD-susceptibility genes. CONCLUSIONS HNF4A ablation in mouse liver causes hepatic steatosis, perturbations in HDL structure and function and significant global changes in gene expression. This study reveals new targets of HNF4A involved in HDL metabolism and the development of steatosis and enriches our knowledge on HDL functionality in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathia Thymiakou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion 71003, Greece; Gene Regulation and Genomics group, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Alaa Othman
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitris Kardassis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion 71003, Greece; Gene Regulation and Genomics group, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion 70013, Greece.
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21
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Zhan X, Pan D, Wei X, Wen D, Yan C, Xiao J. Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio and cardiovascular events in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:1130-1136. [PMID: 32446868 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) is associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of the MHR in predicting cardiovascular diseases in patients on peritoneal dialysis remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight hundred and eighty incident peritoneal dialysis patients were enrolled from November 1, 2005, to February 28, 2017, and followed until May 31, 2017. Primary outcomes were cardiovascular events. Using the X-tile program, these patients were divided into three groups according to the MHR. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regressions were used for survival analysis. During a median follow-up period of 26 months (interquartile range: 12-39 months), 139 cardiovascular events were recorded. After multiple adjustment, the high MHR group was associated with a 1.97-fold increase in the cardiovascular events hazard compared to that of the low group in the overall population (hazard ratio: 1.97; 95% CI, 1.19-3.28; P = 0.009). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that the association between the MHR and a higher risk of cardiovascular events was strongest in the subgroup of patients with diabetes (P for interaction = 0.004). In this subgroup, the high MHR group was found to be associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events compared to the low group (hazard ratio: 7.69; 95% CI, 2.76-21.47). CONCLUSION This study suggests that the MHR is independently associated with the risk of cardiovascular events in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, and diabetes status can influence the association between the MHR and the risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Dan Pan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Dan Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Caixia Yan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
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Kluck GEG, Durham KK, Yoo JA, Trigatti BL. High Density Lipoprotein and Its Precursor Protein Apolipoprotein A1 as Potential Therapeutics to Prevent Anthracycline Associated Cardiotoxicity. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:65. [PMID: 32411725 PMCID: PMC7198830 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the leading causes of death in developed societies. Despite their effectiveness, many cancer therapies exhibit deleterious cardiovascular side effects such as cardiotoxicity and heart failure. The cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines such as doxorubicin are the most well-characterized of cardiotoxic anti-cancer therapies. While other anti-neoplastic drugs also induce cardiotoxicity, often leading to heart failure, they are beyond the scope of this review. This review first summarizes the mechanisms of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. It then reviews emerging preclinical evidence that high density lipoprotein and its precursor protein apolipoprotein A1, which are known for their protective effects against ischemic cardiovascular disease, may also protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity both directly and indirectly, when used therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E. G. Kluck
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kristina K. Durham
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jeong-Ah Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bernardo L. Trigatti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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23
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An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030844. [PMID: 32244968 PMCID: PMC7141317 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteinic arginine dimethylation (PADiMe) is a major post-translational modification. Proteolysis of asymmetric and symmetric PADiMe products releases asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), respectively, two endogenous atherogenic substances. SDMA, ADMA, and its major metabolite dimethylamine (DMA) are eliminated by the kidney. The urinary concentrations of DMA+ADMA, SDMA, and DMA+ADMA+SDMA are useful measures of the whole-body asymmetric and symmetric PADiMe, respectively. Urinary (DMA+ADMA)/SDMA is an index of the asymmetric to symmetric PADiMe balance. In two bi-ethnic studies, the ASOS (39 black boys, 41 white boys) and the African-PREDICT (292 black young men, 281 white young men) studies, we investigated whether ethnicity is a major determinant of PADiMe, and whether PADiMe is associated with blood pressure and ethnicity-dependent growth and inflammatory factors, including HDL. DMA, ADMA, and SDMA were measured in spot urine samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and their excretion was corrected for creatinine excretion. In black boys, creatinine-corrected DMA, DMA+ADMA, and DMA+ADMA+SDMA concentrations were lower by 11.7%, 9.5%, and 7.6% (all p < 0.05), respectively, compared to the white boys, and 3.4%, 2.0%, and 1.8% lower (all p < 0.05), respectively, in black compared to white men. (DMA+ADMA)/SDMA did not differ between black boys and black men, but was higher in white boys compared to white men. ADMA did not differ between black and white boys, or between black and white men. Creatinine-corrected SDMA excretion was lower in black boys compared to white boys (by 8%) and to white men (by 3.1%). None of the PADiMe indices were associated with blood pressure in either study. IGF-binding protein 3 correlated inversely with all PADiMe indices in the black men only. Our study showed that asymmetric proteinic arginine dimethylation is higher in white boys than in black boys, and that this difference disappears in adulthood. ADMA metabolism and SDMA excretion were lower in the black subjects compared to the white subjects, suggesting ethnicity-dependent hepatic and renal elimination of ADMA and SDMA in the childhood. The results of our study may have clinical relevance beyond atherosclerosis, such as in growth and inflammation, which have not been sufficiently addressed thus far.
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Madaniyazi L, Guo Y, Williams G, Jaakkola JJK, Wu S, Li S. The nonlinear association between outdoor temperature and cholesterol levels, with modifying effect of individual characteristics and behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2020; 64:367-375. [PMID: 31650296 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have been conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effect of temperature on cardiovascular disease at population level, especially among Chinese population. A total of 56,039 participants were recruited from Kailuan cohort study, China. The lipoprotein profile indicators, including triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein, were collected. Non-linear associations between temperature and the lipoprotein profile indicators were examined using a nonlinear function for temperature. Stratified analyses were performed in groups by individual characteristics (age, gender, and body mass index) and individual behaviors (physical activities and smoking habits). Generally, a non-linear relationship was found between cholesterol levels and temperature. A 1 °C decrease in temperature below the threshold was related with 0.004 mmol/L (95% CI 0.0004, 0.008), 0.022 mmol/L (95% CI 0.020, 0.025), and 0.009 mmol/L (95% CI 0.008, 0.011) increase in TG, LDL, and HDL, respectively; a 1 °C increase in temperature above the threshold was associated with 0.005 mmol/L (95% CI 0.003, 0.007), 0.012 mmol/L (95% CI 0.009, 0.015), and 0.002 mmol/L (95% CI 0.001, 0.004) increase in TG, LDL, and HDL, respectively. Stratified analyses showed that effect estimates on TG and LDL were larger among females, subjects with higher BMI, and those with smoking habits, while effect estimates on HDL were smaller among these subjects (expect for female). Our results suggest both cold and hot effect of temperature on cholesterol. Furthermore, females, and people with higher BMI or smoking habit may be more susceptible to outdoor temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Madaniyazi
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gail Williams
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research and Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Vaisar T, Kanter JE, Wimberger J, Irwin AD, Gauthier J, Wolfson E, Bahnam V, Wu IH, Shah H, Keenan HA, Greenbaum CJ, King GL, Heinecke JW, Bornfeldt KE. High Concentration of Medium-Sized HDL Particles and Enrichment in HDL Paraoxonase 1 Associate With Protection From Vascular Complications in People With Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:178-186. [PMID: 31597668 PMCID: PMC6925582 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A subset of people with long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D) appears to be protected from microvascular and macrovascular complications. Previous studies have focused on improved abilities to respond to glucose and its downstream effects as protective mechanisms. It is unclear whether lipoproteins play a role in the vascular health of these people. We therefore determined whether HDL particle concentration, size, function, and/or protein composition associate with protection from vascular complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied two independent cross-sectional cohorts with T1D: the T1D Exchange Living Biobank (n = 47) and the Joslin Medalist Study (n = 100). Some of the subjects had vascular complications, whereas others never exhibited vascular complications, despite an average duration of diabetes in the cohorts of 45 years. We assessed HDL particle size and concentration by calibrated ion mobility analysis, the HDL proteome by targeted mass spectrometry, and HDL function ex vivo by quantifying cholesterol efflux capacity and inhibition of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. RESULTS In both cohorts, people without vascular complications exhibited significantly higher concentrations of medium-sized HDL particles (M-HDL) independently of total and HDL cholesterol levels. While no consistent differences in HDL functions were observed ex vivo, people without vascular complications had higher levels of HDL-associated paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an enzyme that inhibits atherosclerosis in animal models. CONCLUSIONS Elevated concentrations of M-HDL particles and elevated levels of HDL-associated PON1 may contribute to long-term protection from the vascular complications of diabetes by pathways that are independent of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vaisar
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jenny E Kanter
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jake Wimberger
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Angela D Irwin
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - John Gauthier
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Emily Wolfson
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - I-Hsien Wu
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Hetal Shah
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - George L King
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jay W Heinecke
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA .,Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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26
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Druggable Sphingolipid Pathways: Experimental Models and Clinical Opportunities. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1274:101-135. [PMID: 32894509 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50621-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Intensive research in the field of sphingolipids has revealed diverse roles in cell biological responses and human health and disease. This immense molecular family is primarily represented by the bioactive molecules ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The flux of sphingolipid metabolism at both the subcellular and extracellular levels provides multiple opportunities for pharmacological intervention. The caveat is that perturbation of any single node of this highly regulated flux may have effects that propagate throughout the metabolic network in a dramatic and sometimes unexpected manner. Beginning with S1P, the receptors for which have thus far been the most clinically tractable pharmacological targets, this review will describe recent advances in therapeutic modulators targeting sphingolipids, their chaperones, transporters, and metabolic enzymes.
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Zhang T, Chen J, Tang X, Luo Q, Xu D, Yu B. Interaction between adipocytes and high-density lipoprotein:new insights into the mechanism of obesity-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:223. [PMID: 31842884 PMCID: PMC6913018 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the most common nutritional disorder worldwide and is associated with dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The hallmark of dyslipidemia in obesity is low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Moreover, the quality of HDL is also changed in the obese setting. However, there are still some disputes on the explanations for this phenomenon. There is increasing evidence that adipose tissue, as an energy storage tissue, participates in several metabolism activities, such as hormone secretion and cholesterol efflux. It can influence overall reverse cholesterol transport and plasma HDL-C level. In obesity individuals, the changes in morphology and function of adipose tissue affect plasma HDL-C levels and HDL function, thus, adipose tissue should be the main target for the treatment of HDL metabolism in obesity. In this review, we will summarize the cross-talk between adipocytes and HDL related to cardiovascular disease and focus on the new insights of the potential mechanism underlying obesity and HDL dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bilian Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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Sobczak AIS, Stewart AJ. Coagulatory Defects in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6345. [PMID: 31888259 PMCID: PMC6940903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes (both type-1 and type-2) affects millions of individuals worldwide. A major cause of death for individuals with diabetes is cardiovascular diseases, in part since both types of diabetes lead to physiological changes that affect haemostasis. Those changes include altered concentrations of coagulatory proteins, hyper-activation of platelets, changes in metal ion homeostasis, alterations in lipid metabolism (leading to lipotoxicity in the heart and atherosclerosis), the presence of pro-coagulatory microparticles and endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we explore the different mechanisms by which diabetes leads to an increased risk of developing coagulatory disorders and how this differs between type-1 and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan J. Stewart
- Medical and Biological Sciences Building, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK;
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29
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Ruiz HH, Díez RL, Arivazahagan L, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Metabolism, Obesity, and Diabetes Mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e166-e174. [PMID: 31242034 PMCID: PMC6693645 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes remain leading causes of reduced health span and life span throughout the world. Hence, it is not surprising that these areas are at the center of highly active areas of research. The identification of novel mechanisms underlying these metabolic disorders sets the stage for uncovering new potential therapeutic strategies. In this issue of Highlights in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, we review recently published papers in the journal that add to our understanding of causes and consequences of obesity and diabetes and how these disorders impact metabolic function. Collectively, these studies in cultured cells to in vivo animal models to human subjects add to the growing body of evidence that both cell-intrinsic and cell-cell communication mechanisms collaborate in metabolic disorders to cause obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H. Ruiz
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Raquel López Díez
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Lakshmi Arivazahagan
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y. 10016
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30
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Oh IH, Hur JK, Ryoo JH, Jung JY, Park SK, Yang HJ, Choi JM, Jung KW, Won YJ, Oh CM. Very high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with increased all-cause mortality in South Koreans. Atherosclerosis 2019; 283:43-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Matsuura Y, Kanter JE, Bornfeldt KE. Highlighting Residual Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e1-e9. [PMID: 30586334 PMCID: PMC6310032 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunosuke Matsuura
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (Y.M., J.E.K., K.E.B.)
| | - Jenny E Kanter
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (Y.M., J.E.K., K.E.B.)
| | - Karin E Bornfeldt
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (Y.M., J.E.K., K.E.B.)
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (K.E.B.)
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32
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Montakhab-Yeganeh H, Babaahmadi-Rezaei H, Doosti M. Effect of elaidic acid on ABCA1 expression in raw 264.7 cells. Is it through PPAR-gamma? EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:864-870. [PMID: 30233285 PMCID: PMC6141816 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, Trans Fatty Acids have shown a strong correlation with cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms explaining their atherogenicity are still unclear. ABCA1, which is involved in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway, has been considered as a new therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. In vitro studies of the effects of PPAR-γ on lipid homeostasis in macrophage cells suggested a role for PPAR-γ in the regulation of ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux to apoA-I pathway. Thus, in this study we examined the effect of elaidic acid (EA) as the most abundant TFA on expression of ABCA1 and PPAR-γ in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line. Accordingly, after determining appropriate concentrations of EA using MTT, RAW 264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of EA, and at the end, gene expression was assayed by Real-Time PCR. Our results shown that the expression of ABCA1 decreased in the treated group in comparison with the control group by 1.7, 2.3, and 5.1 fold, after 12 h treatment for 0.5, 1, and 2 mM EA concentration respectively. In addition, after 24 h treatment with EA, the rate of decreasing ABCA1 expression was 2.1, 2.6, 5.7 fold, respectively (P < 0.01). However, EA had no significant effect on PPAR-γ mRNA expression. Therefore, it could be concluded that the atherogenic effect of EA may be mediated by reducing ABCA1 expression in RAW 264.7 cells; however, this reduction has not mediated through altering PPAR-γ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahmood Doosti
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Contreras-Duarte S, Chen P, Andía M, Uribe S, Irarrázaval P, Kopp S, Kern S, Marsche G, Busso D, Wadsack C, Rigotti A. Attenuation of atherogenic apo B-48-dependent hyperlipidemia and high density lipoprotein remodeling induced by vitamin C and E combination and their beneficial effect on lethal ischemic heart disease in mice. Biol Res 2018; 51:34. [PMID: 30219096 PMCID: PMC6138920 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent and its underlying pathogenesis involves dyslipidemia including pro-atherogenic high density lipoprotein (HDL) remodeling. Vitamins C and E have been proposed as atheroprotective agents for cardiovascular disease management. However, their effects and benefits on high density lipoprotein function and remodeling are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the role of vitamin C and E on non HDL lipoproteins as well as HDL function and remodeling, along with their effects on inflammation/oxidation biomarkers and atherosclerosis in atherogenic diet-fed SR-B1 KO/ApoER61h/h mice. Methods and results Mice were pre-treated for 5 weeks before and during atherogenic diet feeding with vitamin C and E added to water and diet, respectively. Compared to a control group, combined vitamin C and E administration reduced serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels by decreasing apo B-48-containing lipoproteins, remodeled HDL particles by reducing phospholipid as well as increasing PON1 and apo D content, and diminished PLTP activity and levels. Vitamin supplementation improved HDL antioxidant function and lowered serum TNF-α levels. Vitamin C and E combination attenuated atherogenesis and increased lifespan in atherogenic diet-fed SR-B1 KO/ApoER61h/h mice. Conclusions Vitamin C and E administration showed significant lipid metabolism regulating effects, including HDL remodeling and decreased levels of apoB-containing lipoproteins, in mice. In addition, this vitamin supplementation generated a cardioprotective effect in a murine model of severe and lethal atherosclerotic ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Contreras-Duarte
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay #362 - 4º, Piso, 8330024, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay #362 - 4º, Piso, 8330024, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Andía
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Uribe
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Irarrázaval
- Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Kopp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Kern
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - G Marsche
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - D Busso
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay #362 - 4º, Piso, 8330024, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay #362 - 4º, Piso, 8330024, Santiago, Chile. .,Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Zalaket J, Hanna-Wakim L, Matta J. Association between HDL Cholesterol Levels and the Consumption of Vitamin A in Metabolically Healthy Obese Lebanese: A Cross-Sectional Study among Adults in Lebanon. CHOLESTEROL 2018; 2018:8050512. [PMID: 29971161 PMCID: PMC6008699 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8050512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies show the association between vitamin A and elevation of plasma triglyceride concentrations. However, limited information exists on the association between vitamin A and plasma HDL cholesterol concentrations. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between plasma HDL cholesterol levels and vitamin A intake in 57 metabolically healthy obese (MHO) Lebanese. METHODS Out of the 112 adult obese participants who had completed anthropometric and biochemical data, 57 (22 males and 35 females) aged 18-62 years old are metabolically healthy and their data are included in this study. A valid semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) was used to test vitamin A intake among other antioxidants. The participants were recruited from the database of three dietary clinics across Lebanon. RESULTS Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of the relationship between vitamin A and plasma HDL cholesterol levels. There was a significant positive correlation (P value = 0.0225) between vitamin A consumption and HDL cholesterol serum levels in obese participants; when vitamin A levels decrease, HDL levels decrease more in female than in male participants. CONCLUSION The association between dietary vitamin A, a powerful antioxidant, and high HDL levels is shown in MHO but should be further exploited in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Zalaket
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - L. Hanna-Wakim
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - J. Matta
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
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