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Yafasov M, Olsen FJ, Hauser R, Skaarup KG, Lassen MCH, Johansen ND, Lindgren FL, Søgaard P, Jensen GB, Schnohr P, Møgelvang R, Biering-Sørensen T. Left atrial strain measured by three-dimensional echocardiography predicts atrial fibrillation in the general population. Int J Cardiol 2024; 417:132544. [PMID: 39276820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left atrial (LA) strain by three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE), has been proposed as a more accurate measure of LA function, providing incremental prognostic benefits over traditional two-dimensional approaches. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic value of LA strain by 3DE in predicting incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population. METHODS The study included 4466 participants from a prospective longitudinal cohort study in the general population, among these 3DE LA strain was analysed in 1935 participants. The endpoint was incident AF. Adjustments were made for the CHARGE-AF clinical risk score. RESULTS Mean age was 54 ± 17 years, 43 % were male. During a median follow-up time of 4.8 years (interquartile range 4.3-5.5 years) 59 participants (3.0 %) developed AF. In univariable analysis, all three parameters were associated with incident AF (p value for all <0.01). After multivariable adjustments, only LA reservoir strain (LASr) and LA contractile strain (LASct) were associated with incident AF (LASr: HR 1.12 (1.07-1.17), p < 0.001, per 1 % decrease; LASct: HR 1.16 (1.09-1.24), p < 0.001, per 1 % decrease), whereas LA conduit strain (LAScd) was not (HR 1.04 (0.98-1.10), p = 0.17, per 1 % decrease). Both LASr (continuous net reclassification index 0.37 ± 0.14; p = 0.003) and LASct (continuous net reclassification index 0.41 ± 0.14; p = 0.002) provided incremental prognostic information beyond the CHARGE-AF risk score. CONCLUSION LASr and LASct measured by 3DE are independently associated with incident AF and provided incremental prognostic information beyond existing risk scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Yafasov
- Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Flemming Javier Olsen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raphael Hauser
- Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup
- Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mats Christian Højbjerg Lassen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Dyrby Johansen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Translational Cardiology and Pragmatic Randomized Trials, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip Lyng Lindgren
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Dept. Of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Peter Søgaard
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Dept. Of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Gorm Boje Jensen
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Schnohr
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Møgelvang
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tor Biering-Sørensen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Dept. of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Translational Cardiology and Pragmatic Randomized Trials, Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 8, 3rd Floor on the Right, p. 835, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
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Velt MJH, Crijns HJGM, van Gelder IC, Linz D, van de Lande ME, Ten Cate H, Spronk HMH, de Melis M, Rienstra M, Mulder BA. Dynamic biomarker profiles in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: Assessing the differences between sinus rhythm and acute atrial fibrillation episode. Int J Cardiol 2024; 417:132526. [PMID: 39244096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in adults, yet its underlying pathophysiology remains poorly understood. This study assessed whether circulating biomarker concentrations differ in paroxysmal AF patients during an acute episode compared to sinus rhythm. METHODS The Time of Calamity study is a prospective biomarker study within the RACE V study. Patients underwent venous blood sampling in sinus rhythm at inclusion in RACE V, as well as during a subsequent acute episode of AF for which patients reported to the hospital. Ten biomarkers were analyzed. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (mean age 60 ± 9 years, 10 (25 %) women) were enrolled. During an acute AF episode, dickkopf-related protein 3 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 were significantly lower, while N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitive troponin T (hsTnT), growth differentiation factor 15, and interleukin 6 were significantly higher (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Biomarker concentrations in paroxysmal AF patients are dynamic and differ between sinus rhythm and acute AF episodes. Notably, NT-proBNP and hsTnT, commonly used in clinical practice, were significantly elevated during an acute AF episode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke J H Velt
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen Thoraxcenter, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Harry J G M Crijns
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Isabelle C van Gelder
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen Thoraxcenter, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dominik Linz
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martijn E van de Lande
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen Thoraxcenter, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Henri M H Spronk
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mirko de Melis
- Medtronic Bakken Research Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen Thoraxcenter, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart A Mulder
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen Thoraxcenter, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Mo J, Liao W, Du J, Huang X, Li Y, Su A, Zhong L, Gong M, Wang P, Liu Z, Kuang H, Wang L. Buyang huanwu decoction improves synaptic plasticity of ischemic stroke by regulating the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118636. [PMID: 39089658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ischemic stroke is an acute central nervous system disease that poses a threat to human health. It induces a series of severe pathological mechanisms, ultimately leading to neuronal cell death in the brain due to local ischemia and hypoxia. Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD), as a representative formula for treating ischemic stroke, has shown good therapeutic effects in stroke patients. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the mechanism of BYHWD in promoting neural remodeling after ischemic stroke from the perspective of neuronal synaptic plasticity, based on the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS A modified suture technique was employed to establish a rat model of MCAO. The rats were divided into sham, model, and BYHWD (20 g/kg) groups. After the corresponding intervention, rat brains from each group were collected. TMT quantitative proteomics technology was employed for the research. Following proteomics studies, we investigated the mechanism of BYHWD in the intervention of ischemic stroke through animal experiments and cell experiments. The experimental animals were divided into sham, model, and BYHWD (5 g/kg, 10 g/kg, and 20 g/kg) groups. Infarct volume and severity of brain injury were measured by TTC staining. HE staining was utilized to evaluate alterations in tissue morphology. The Golgi staining was used to observe changes in cell body, dendrites, and dendritic spines. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of synapses in the cortex and hippocampus. TUNEL staining was conducted to identify apoptotic neurons. Meanwhile, a stable and reliable (OGD/R) SH-SY5Y cell model was established. The effect of BYHWD-containing serum on SH-SY5Y cell viability was measured by CCK-8 kit. The apoptosis situation of SH-SY5Y cells was determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI. Immunofluorescence was employed to measure the fluorescence intensity of synaptic-related factors Syt1, Psd95, and Syn1. Synaptic plasticity pathways were assessed by using RT-qPCR and Western blot to determine the expression levels of cAMP, Psd95, Prkacb, Creb1/p-Creb1, BDNF, Shank2, Syn1, Syt1, Bcl-2, Bcl-2/Bax mRNA and proteins. RESULTS After treatment with BYHWD, notable alterations were detected in the signaling pathways linked to synaptic plasticity and the cAMP signaling pathway-related targets among the intervention targets. This trend of change was also reflected in other bioinformatics analyses, indicating the important role of synaptic plasticity changes before and after modeling and drug intervention. The results of vivo and vitro experiments showed that BYHWD improved local pathological changes, and reduced cerebral infarct volume, and neurological function scores in MCAO rats. It increased dendritic spine density, improved synaptic structural plasticity, and had a certain neuroprotective effect. BYHWD increased the postsynaptic membrane thickness, synaptic interface curvature, and synaptic quantity. 10% BYHWD-containing serum was determined as the optimal concentration for treatment. 10% BYHWD-containing serum significantly reduced the overall apoptotic rate of (OGD/R) SH-SY5Y cells. Immunofluorescence experiments demonstrated that 10% BYHWD-containing serum could improve synaptic plasticity and increase the relative expression levels of synaptic-related proteins Syt1, Psd95, and Syn1. BYHWD and decoction-containing serum upregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels in (OGD/R) SH-SY5Y cells and MCAO rats, suggesting its ability to improve damaged neuronal synaptic plasticity and enhance transmission efficiency, which might be achieved through the regulation of the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study may provide a basis for clinical medication by elucidating the underlying experimental evidence for the promotion of neural plasticity after ischemic stroke by BYHWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Mo
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Liao
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China; Maoming Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Du
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Anyu Su
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanying Zhong
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Gong
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zai Liu
- Pharmacy Department, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huizhen Kuang
- Pharmacy Department, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lisheng Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Zhuang H, Ouyang H, Peng Y, Gong S, Xiang K, Chen L, Chen J. Expression patterns and clinical value of key m6A RNA modification regulators in smoking patients with coronary artery disease. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2392400. [PMID: 39167728 PMCID: PMC11340747 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2392400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modifications are increasingly being implicated in human disease, their mechanisms are not fully understood in smokers with coronary artery disease (CAD). Thirty m6A-related regulators' expression (MRRE) in CAD individuals (smokers and non-smokers) were analyzed from GEO. Support Vector Machine, random forest, and nomogram models were constructed to assess its clinical value. Consensus clustering, principal component analysis, and ssGSEA were used to construct a full picture of m6A-related regulators in smokers with CAD. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and qRT-PCR were used to validate hypoxia's effect on MRRE. A comparison between smokers with CAD and controls revealed lower expression levels of RBM15B, YTHDC2, and ZC3H13. Based on three key MRREs, all models showed good clinical value, and smokers with CAD were divided into two distinct molecular subgroups. The correlations were found between key MRRE and the degree of immune infiltration. Three key MRREs in HUVECs and FMC84 mouse cardiomyocytes were reduced in the OGD group. Through hypoxia, smoking might reduce the expression levels of RBM15B, YTHDC2, and ZC3H13 in smokers with CAD. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for the treatment of smokers with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanwei Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Ouyang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangfei Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuji Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Le Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinlan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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A M, L V, G M, M M, A B, G F, B M, A C, G CM, S C, C P, A U, F G, M M, P DA, G S, A Z, C C, F D. Fitness age outperforms body mass index in differentiating aging patterns and health risk profiles of healthy adults aged 51-80 years. GeroScience 2024; 46:5875-5890. [PMID: 38499955 PMCID: PMC11493939 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical fitness has been extensively shown to strongly associate with general health status and major health risks. Here we tested the ability of a novel estimate of fitness age (FitAge) to differentiate aging trajectories.This study aimed at (1) testing the ability of FitAge to differentiate aging patterns among decelerated, normal, and accelerated agers in selected health domains, (2) estimating the risk for developing major health issues depending on the aging trajectory, and (3) comparing FitAge to body mass index (BMI) categorization in differentiating healthy from unhealthy aging patterns.A total of 176 volunteers participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants underwent clinical screening and a comprehensive assessment of body composition, nutritional and health-related status, cognitive functioning, and haematochemical analyses with routine tests, oxidative stress, and inflammation markers. Scores for major health risks were also computed.FitAge outperformed BMI in estimating major health risk scores and was able to differentiate decelerated from normal and accelerated agers for health risk profile and several physiological domains. Body composition, immune system activation, and inflammation markers emerged as those variables flagging the largest differences between decelerated and accelerated aging patterns.The novel estimate of biological aging can accurately differentiate both in women and men decelerated from accelerated agers in almost all the domains scrutinized. Overall, decelerated aging is linked to positively oriented features which associate with reduced risk of developing major health issues.The present findings have potential relevance and practical implications to identify individuals at higher risk of accelerated aging according to their FitAge estimated via simple and cost-effective motor tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manca A
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ventura L
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Martinez G
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Morrone M
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Boi A
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fiorito G
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mercante B
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Cano A
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Catte M G
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Cruciani S
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Pozzati C
- Department of History, Human Sciences and Education, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Uccula A
- Department of History, Human Sciences and Education, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ginatempo F
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maioli M
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Delitala A P
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Solinas G
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Zinellu A
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carru C
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Deriu F
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
- Unit of Endocrinology, Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders, AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
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Mehta A, Bansal M, Mehta C, Pillai AA, Allana S, Jentzer JC, Ventetuolo CE, Abbott JD, Vallabhajosyula S. Utilization of inpatient palliative care services in cardiac arrest complicating acute pulmonary embolism. Resusc Plus 2024; 20:100777. [PMID: 39314255 PMCID: PMC11417587 DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The role of palliative care services in patients with cardiac arrest complicating acute pulmonary embolism has been infrequently studied. Methods All adult admissions with pulmonary embolism complicating cardiac arrest were identified using the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2020). The primary outcome of interest was the utilization of palliative care services. Secondary outcomes included predictors of palliative care utilization and its association of with in-hospital mortality, do-not-resuscitate status, discharge disposition, length of stay, and total hospital charges. Multivariable regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding. Results Between 01/01/2016 and 12/31/2020, of the 7,320 admissions with pulmonary embolism complicating cardiac arrest, 1229 (16.8 %) received palliative care services. Admissions receiving palliative care were on average older (68.1 ± 0.9 vs. 63.2 ± 0.4 years) and with higher baseline comorbidity (Elixhauser index 6.3 ± 0.1 vs 5.6 ± 0.6) (all p < 0.001). Additionally, this cohort had higher rates of non-cardiac organ failure (respiratory, renal, hepatic, and neurological) and invasive mechanical ventilation (all p < 0.05). Catheter-directed therapy was used less frequently in the cohort receiving palliative care, (2.8 % vs 7.9 %; p < 0.001) whereas the rates of systemic thrombolysis, mechanical and surgical thrombectomy were comparable. The cohort receiving palliative care services had higher in-hospital mortality (85.7 % vs. 69.1 %; adjusted odds ratio 2.20 [95 % CI 1.41-3.42]; p < 0.001). This cohort also had higher rates of do-not-resuscitate status and fewer discharges to home, but comparable hospitalization costs and length of hospital stay. Conclusions Palliative care services are used in only 16.8 % of admissions with cardiac arrest complicating pulmonary embolism with significant differences in the populations, suggestive of selective consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Mehta
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Mridul Bansal
- Department of Medicine, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Chirag Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ashwin A. Pillai
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Salman Allana
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Jacob C. Jentzer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Corey E. Ventetuolo
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - J. Dawn Abbott
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute, Providence, RI, United States
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Abbaspour S, Fahanik-Babaei J, Adeli S, Hermann DM, Sardari M. Acute nicotine exposure attenuates neurological deficits, ischemic injury and brain inflammatory responses and restores hippocampal long-term potentiation in ischemic stroke followed by lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis-like state. Exp Neurol 2024; 382:114946. [PMID: 39278587 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is followed by an increased susceptibility to bacterial infections, which exacerbate histological stroke outcome, neurological deficits and memory impairment due to increased neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter dysfunction. Pharmacological activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors was suggested to mitigate brain inflammatory responses in ischemic stroke. The functional responses associated with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation were unknown. In this study, male NMRI mice subjected to transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were intraperitoneally exposed to vehicle treatment or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 4 mg/kg)-induced sepsis-like state 24 h post-MCAO, followed by intraperitoneal administration of vehicle or nicotine (0.5 mg/kg) 30 min later. Over 96 h, rectal temperature, neurological deficits, spontaneous locomotor activity, working memory, ischemic injury, synaptic plasticity, and brain inflammatory responses were evaluated by temperature measurement, behavioral analysis, infarct volumetry, electrophysiological recordings, and polymerase-chain reaction analysis. LPS-induced sepsis induced hypothermia, increased general and focal neurological deficits, reduced spontaneous exploration behavior, reduced working memory, and increased infarct volume post-MCAO. Additional treatment with nicotine attenuated LPS-induced hypothermia, reduced neurological deficits, restored exploration behavior, restored working memory, and reduced infarct volume. Local field potential recordings revealed that LPS-induced sepsis decreased long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate gyrus post-MCAO, whereas concomitant nicotine exposure restored LTP in the contralateral dentate gyrus. LPS-induced sepsis increased microglial/ macrophage Iba-1 mRNA and astrocytic GFAP mRNA levels post-MCAO, whereas add-on nicotine treatment reduced astrocytic GFAP mRNA. Taken together, these findings indicate that acute nicotine exposure enhances functional stroke recovery. Future studies will have to evaluate the effects of (1) chronic nicotine exposure, a clinically relevant vascular risk factor, and (2) the cessation of nicotine exposure, which is widely recommended post-stroke, but might have detrimental effects in the early stroke recovery phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Abbaspour
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Fahanik-Babaei
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Adeli
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Maryam Sardari
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Lawton SB, Wagner VA, Nakagawa P, Segar JL, Sigmund CD, Morselli LL, Grobe JL. Angiotensin in the Arcuate: Mechanisms Integrating Cardiometabolic Control: The 2022 COH Mid-Career Award for Research Excellence. Hypertension 2024; 81:2209-2217. [PMID: 39315447 PMCID: PMC11483214 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.124.20524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The American Heart Association has identified obesity as a primary impediment to ongoing improvements in cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Although drugs, exercise, diets, and surgeries can each cause weight loss, few subjects maintain a reduced weight over the long term. Dysfunctional integrative control (ie, adaptation) of resting metabolic rate (RMR) appears to underlie this failed weight maintenance, yet the neurobiology of physiological and pathophysiological RMR control is poorly understood. Here, we review recent insights into the cellular and molecular control of RMR by Ang-II (angiotensin II) signaling within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Within a unique subset of agouti-related peptide neurons, AT1R (Ang-II type 1 receptors) are implicated in the integrative control of RMR. Furthermore, a spontaneous G protein signal switch of AT1R within this neuron type appears to underlie the pathogenesis of RMR adaptation by qualitatively changing the cellular response to AT1R activation from a β-arrestin-1/Gαi (heterotrimeric G protein, α i subtype)-mediated inhibitory response to a Gαq (heterotrimeric G protein, α q subtype)-mediated stimulatory response. We conclude that therapeutic approaches to obesity are likely hampered by the plasticity of the signaling mechanisms that mediate the normal integrative control of energy balance. The same stimulus that would increase RMR in the normal physiological state may decrease RMR during obesity due to qualitative changes in second-messenger coupling. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate interactions between receptors such as AT1R and its various second messenger signaling cascades will provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of RMR adaptation and potentially point toward new therapeutic approaches for obesity and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B.R. Lawton
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Valerie A. Wagner
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Pablo Nakagawa
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Jeffrey L. Segar
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Curt D. Sigmund
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Lisa L. Morselli
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Justin L. Grobe
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
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Yakti FAH, Li M, Shi Z. Higher egg consumption and incident cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults - 10-Year follow-up results from China health and nutrition survey. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:2537-2545. [PMID: 39179504 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Current evidence of the association between egg consumption and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is controversial. We aim to investigate the longitudinal association between egg consumption and the risk of CVD among Chinese adults. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 16,030 adults who attended China Health and Nutrition Survey 1991-2015 were included in this study. Egg consumption was collected with 3-day 24-h recall method supplemented by household inventory record. Cumulative mean egg intake during 1991-2011 were calculated as the habitual intake. CVD incidence was self-reported as being diagnosed by physicians following study entry. The association between egg consumption and incident CVD was examined using Cox regression. The mean age (SD) of the study population was 43.7 (14.8) years and 51% were women. During a 9.9-year (median 9.0) follow up, 663 CVD incidents were reported. The corresponding incident rate (per 1000 person-year) by egg consumption level of none, 1-20, 21-50, and 50+gram/day was 2.6, 4.8, 4.2, 5.5 (P < 0.001) with the unadjusted HR (95% CI) of 1.0, 1.42 (1.12-1.80), 1.31 (1.02-1.67), 2.01 (1.53-2.64). After adjusted for demo socioeconomic, and behaviour factors, egg consumption>50 g/day increased the CVD incident by 43% (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.02-2.00. BMI, hypertension, and diabetes mediated the association between egg consumption and CVD. CONCLUSION Higher egg intake, as part of the modern dietary pattern high in sugars, fat, and animal-source foods, increased the risk of CVD. The effect of egg on CVD incident was partly mediated by overweight/obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming Li
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zumin Shi
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Ao-Di F, Han-Qing L, Xi-Zheng W, Ke Y, Hong-Xin G, Hai-Xia Z, Guan-Wei F, Li-Lan. Advances in macrophage metabolic reprogramming in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Cell Signal 2024; 123:111370. [PMID: 39216681 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and reperfusion therapy is a critical therapeutic approach to reduce myocardial ischemic injury and minimize infarct size. However, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) itself also causes myocardial injury, and inflammation is an essential mechanism by which it leads to myocardial injury, with macrophages as crucial immune cells in this process. Macrophages are innate immune cells that maintain tissue homeostasis, host defence during pathogen infection, and repair during tissue injury. During the acute phase of I/R, M1-type macrophages generate a pro-inflammatory milieu, clear necrotic myocardial tissue, and further recruit mononuclear (CCR2+) macrophages. Over time, the reparative (M2 type) macrophages gradually became dominant. In recent years, metabolic studies have shown a clear correlation between the metabolic profile of macrophages and their phenotype and function. M1-type macrophages are mainly characterized by glycolytic energy supply, and their tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) processes are impaired. In contrast, M2 macrophages rely primarily on OXPHOS for energy. Changing the metabolic profile of macrophages can alter the macrophage phenotype. Altered energy pathways are also present in macrophages during I/R, and intervention in this process contributes to earlier and greater M2 macrophage infiltration, which may be a potential target for the treatment of myocardial I/R injury. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the characteristics of macrophage energy metabolism alteration and phenotypic transition during I/R and its mechanism of mediating myocardial injury to provide a basis for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ao-Di
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Han-Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wang Xi-Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo Hong-Xin
- Heart center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhang Hai-Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fan Guan-Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Li-Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Yan J, Ai C, Chen Q, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Li M, Chen K, He M, Shen M, Chen L, Zhang R, Zheng C, Liao W, Bin J, Lin H, Ma S, Tan N, Liao Y. CircMap4k2 reactivated by aneurysm plication alleviates residual cardiac remodeling after SVR by enhancing cardiomyocyte proliferation in post-MI mice. J Adv Res 2024; 65:227-238. [PMID: 38043608 PMCID: PMC11518968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) is an alternative therapeutic approach in patients with refractory heart failure (HF), but residual remodeling after SVR limits the improvement of HF. Recently, we reported that SVR may act as an environmental cue to reactivate endogenous proliferation of cardiomyocytes; however, it is unclear whether enhancing endogenous cardiomyocyte regeneration further improves HF after SVR. OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore whether circular RNAs (circRNAs) would involved in SVR and their mechanisms. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to myocardial infarction (MI) or sham surgery. Four weeks later, MI mice with a large ventricular aneurysm underwent SVR or a second open-chest operation only. Echocardiography and histological analysis were used to evaluate heart function, cardiac remodeling, and myocardial regeneration. Sequencing of circular RNAs, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pulldown, and luciferase reporter assay were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS SVR markedly attenuated cardiac remodeling and induced cardiomyocyte regeneration, as evidenced by positive staining of Ki-67, phospho-histone H3 (pH3), and Aurora B in the plication zone, but significant residual remodeling still existed in comparison with the sham group. Sequencing results showed that SVR altered the expression profile of cardiac circRNAs, and circMap4k2 was identified as the most upregulated one. After characterizing circMap4k2, we noted that overexpression of circMap4k2 significantly promoted proliferation of cardiomyocytes in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and silencing of circMap4k2 significantly inhibited it; similar results were obtained in SVR-treated MI mice but not in MI mice without SVR treatment. Residual cardiac remodeling after SVR was further attenuated by circMap4k2 overexpression. CircMap4k2 bound with miR-106a-3p and inhibited cardiomyocyte proliferation by targeting a downstream effector of the antizyme inhibitor 1 (Azin1) gene. CONCLUSIONS CircMap4k2 acts as an environmental cue and targets the miR-106a-3p/Azin1 pathway to increase cardiac regeneration in the plication zone and attenuate residual remodeling after SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenzhi Ai
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingjue Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaitong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyuan He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjia Shen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cankun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hairuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Center, the Affiliated Sixth Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Fan J, Yang Y, Jia X, Wang Y, Zhao C, Wang N, Ding S, Shi X. Metabolic score and its components are associated with carotid plaque prevalence in young adults. Endocrine 2024; 86:592-599. [PMID: 38849645 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE No study has comprehensively assessed the relationship of metabolic factors including insulin resistance, hypertension, hyperuricemia, and hypercholesterolemia with the development of carotid plaque. Therefore, we constructed metabolic scores based on the above metabolic factors and examined its association with carotid plaque in young and older Chinese adults. METHODS This study included 17,396 participants who underwent carotid ultrasound examinations, including 14,173 young adults (<65 years) and 3,223 older adults (≥65 years). Individual metabolic score was calculated using triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, mean arterial pressure (MAP), uric acid, and total cholesterol (TC). Logistic regression models were conducted to examine the role of metabolic score and its components in the prevalence of carotid plaque. The nonlinear relationship was examined using restricted cubic spline regression. Meanwhile, subgroup, interaction, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. RESULTS The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TyG (OR: 1.088; 95%CI: 1.046-1.132), MAP (OR: 1.121; 95%CI: 1.077-1.168), TC (OR: 1.137; 95%CI: 1.094-1.182) and metabolic score (OR: 1.064; 95%CI: 1.046-1.082) were associated with carotid plaque prevalence in young adults rather than older adults. The nonlinear association was not observed for metabolic scores and carotid plaque. Subgroup analyses showed significant associations between metabolic scores and carotid plaque prevalence in men, women, normal-weight, and overweight young adults. No interaction of metabolic score with sex and BMI were observed. CONCLUSIONS The results support that control of TyG, MAP, TC, and metabolic scores is a key point in preventing the prevalence of carotid plaque in the young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaocan Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suying Ding
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xuezhong Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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13
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Ahmad P, Alvi SS, Waiz M, Khan MS, Ahmad S, Khan MS. Naturally occurring organosulfur compounds effectively inhibits PCSK-9 activity and restrict PCSK-9-LDL-receptor interaction via in-silico and in-vitro approach. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:3924-3933. [PMID: 37842787 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2269465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study intended to divulge the potential role of garlic-derived organosulfur compounds (OSCs) in targeting PCSK-9 and averting its interaction with the EGF-A portion of LDL-R via in-vitro and in-silico analysis. Our in-silico screening data showed that 3-(Propylsulfinyl)-L-alanine (PSA), S-Ethyl-L-cysteine (SEC), alliin, and S-Allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) exhibited higher binding energy (-7.05, -7.00, -6.65, and -6.31 Kcal/mol, respectively) against PCSK-9, among other selected OSCs. Further, the protein-protein interaction study of PCSK-9-OSCs-complex with EGF-A demonstrated a similar binding pattern with E-total values ranging from -430.01 to -405.6 Kcal/mol. These results were further validated via in-vitro analysis which showed that SEC, SAC, and diallyl trisulphide (DAT) exhibited the lowest IC50 values of 4.70, 5.26, and 5.29 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the presented data illustrated that SEC, SAC, and DAT were the best inhibitors of PCSK-9 activity and may have the potential to improve the LDL-R function and lower the circulatory LDL-C level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvej Ahmad
- IIRC-5, Clinical Biochemistry and Natural Product Research Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sahir S Alvi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, South TX Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, Texas, USA
| | - Mohd Waiz
- IIRC-5, Clinical Biochemistry and Natural Product Research Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Salman Khan
- IIRC-5, Clinical Biochemistry and Natural Product Research Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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14
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Shan J, Liu Z, Yu J, Zhang Q, Shi H, Ma L. Comparative Cardiovascular Risks of Radical Prostatectomy and External Beam Radiation Therapy in Early-Stage Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Retrospective Analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:8427-8437. [PMID: 39164605 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of cardiac disease mortality has recently become a focal point of concern within the medical community for patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Given that radical prostatectomy (RP) and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) are the main treatment modalities for localized PCa, their specific impact on cardiovascular-specific mortality (CSM) remains unclear. This study explored the specific effects of RP and EBRT on CSM risk to guide clinical treatment decisions. METHODS Data from patients aged 45-74 years, who were diagnosed with T1-2N0M0 stage PCa from the SEER database (2010-2015), were used. Multivariate statistical methods, including propensity score matching (PSM), competing risk regression, COX regression analysis, and Fine-Gray testing, were applied to assess the impact of RP and EBRT on CSM risk. RESULTS Among 146,082 T1-2 stage PCa patients, cardiac disease emerged as the primary cause of death, surpassing PCa itself. Multifactorial COX regression and competing risk regression analyses indicated that local treatments do not increase CSM risk. Further analysis revealed a significant increase in CSM risk for patients undergoing only EBRT compared with those undergoing only RP (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.96-3.74, P < 0.001), with subsequent PSM adjustment, further confirming a significantly reduced risk in the RP treatment group (HR 0.23, 95% CI 0.13-0.40, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS T1-2 stage PCa patients face a significant risk of CSM, with RP offering a potential advantage over EBRT in reducing this risk. These findings encourage clinicians to comprehensively consider the potential impact on cardiac health when formulating treatment plans, providing crucial guidance for optimizing treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Shan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jin Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Lianghong Ma
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Ningxia Human Sperm Bank, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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15
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Huang S, Li J, Li Q, Wang Q, Zhou X, Chen J, Chen X, Bellou A, Zhuang J, Lei L. Cardiomyopathy: pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e772. [PMID: 39465141 PMCID: PMC11502724 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is a group of disease characterized by structural and functional damage to the myocardium. The etiologies of cardiomyopathies are diverse, spanning from genetic mutations impacting fundamental myocardial functions to systemic disorders that result in widespread cardiac damage. Many specific gene mutations cause primary cardiomyopathy. Environmental factors and metabolic disorders may also lead to the occurrence of cardiomyopathy. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of various cardiomyopathies, highlighting the molecular and cellular mechanisms that contribute to their development and progression. The current therapeutic interventions for cardiomyopathies range from pharmacological interventions to mechanical support and heart transplantation. Gene therapy and cell therapy, propelled by ongoing advancements in overarching strategies and methodologies, has also emerged as a pivotal clinical intervention for a variety of diseases. The increasing number of causal gene of cardiomyopathies have been identified in recent studies. Therefore, gene therapy targeting causal genes holds promise in offering therapeutic advantages to individuals diagnosed with cardiomyopathies. Acting as a more precise approach to gene therapy, they are gradually emerging as a substitute for traditional gene therapy. This article reviews pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions for different cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitong Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care UnitGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care UnitGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiuying Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care UnitGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care UnitGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xianwu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart DiseaseGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuanhui Chen
- Department of Medical Big Data CenterGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Abdelouahab Bellou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Institute of Sciences in Emergency MedicineGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Emergency MedicineWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart DiseaseGuangzhouChina
| | - Liming Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care UnitGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart DiseaseGuangzhouChina
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Erley J, Jahnke CM, Schüttler S, Molwitz I, Chen H, Meyer M, Muellerleile K, Cavus E, Lund GK, Blankenberg S, Adam G, Tahir E. Sex-specific ventricular morphology, function, and tissue characteristics in arterial hypertension: a magnetic resonance study of the Hamburg city health cohort. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:7309-7320. [PMID: 38819515 PMCID: PMC11519140 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of arterial hypertension (AHT), sex, and the interaction between both left- and right ventricular (LV, RV) morphology, function, and tissue characteristics. METHODS The Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS) is a population-based, prospective, monocentric study. 1972 individuals without a history of cardiac diseases/ interventions underwent 3 T cardiac MR imaging (CMR). Generalized linear models were conducted, including AHT, sex (and the interaction if significant), age, body mass index, place of birth, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hyperlipoproteinemia, atrial fibrillation, and medication. RESULTS Of 1972 subjects, 68% suffered from AHT. 42% with AHT and 49% controls were female. Females overall showed a higher ejection fraction (EF) (LV: regression coefficient +2.4% [95% confidence interval: 1.7; 3.1]), lower volumes and LV mass (-19.8% [-21.3; -18.5]), and prolonged native septal T1 (+22.1 ms [18.3; 25.9])/T2 relaxation times (+1.1 ms [0.9; 1.3]) (all p < 0.001) compared to males. Subjects with AHT showed a higher EF (LV: +1.2% [0.3; 2.0], p = 0.009) and LV mass (+6.6% [4.3; 9.0], p < 0.001) than controls. The interaction between sex and AHT influenced mapping. After excluding segments with LGE, males (-0.7 ms [-1.0; -0.3 | ) and females with AHT (-1.1 ms [-1.6; -0.6]) showed shorter T2 relaxation times than the sex-respective controls (p < 0.001), but the effect was stronger in females. CONCLUSION In the HCHS, female and male subjects with AHT likewise showed a higher EF and LV mass than controls, independent of sex. However, differences in tissue characteristics between subjects with AHT and controls appeared to be sex-specific. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The interaction between sex and cardiac risk factors is an underestimated factor that should be considered when comparing tissue characteristics between hypertensive subjects and controls, and when establishing cut-off values for normal and pathological relaxation times. KEY POINTS There are sex-dependent differences in arterial hypertension, but it is unclear if cardiac MR parameters are sex-specific. Differences in cardiac MR parameters between hypertensive subjects and healthy controls appeared to be sex-specific for tissue characteristics. Sex needs to be considered when comparing tissue characteristics in patients with arterial hypertension to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Erley
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Charlotte M Jahnke
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V. (DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Schüttler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Molwitz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Muellerleile
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V. (DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ersin Cavus
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V. (DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gunnar K Lund
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e.V. (DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Adam
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Enver Tahir
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Liu X, Chang Y, Li Y, Qi Y, Zhou W, Ji W, Li W, Cui J. Exploring the association between lifestyle and cardiovascular health metrics and HPV infection risk: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2016 data. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:3028. [PMID: 39482693 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has garnered significant attention due to its high prevalence and association with various cancers and other health conditions. Composite lifestyle factors may influence the risk of HPV infection, yet their cumulative impact remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to explore the association between the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) Score and HPV infection status, highlighting the potential role of lifestyle and health behaviors in HPV infection prevention. METHODS Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005-2016, we analyzed the health and nutritional statuses of 6,773 participants after excluding those with missing HPV infection status, inability to calculate the LE8 Score, and missing covariate data. The LE8 Score was computed based on eight cardiovascular health metrics, encompassing both health factors (BMI, non-HDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose) and health behaviors (physical activity, diet, sleep duration, and nicotine exposure). HPV infection status was determined through vaginal swab specimens analyzed using various Roche assays. Multivariate logistic regression, the restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were employed to assess the association between LE8 Score and HPV infection risk. RESULTS Our findings indicate a significant inverse association between the LE8 Score and HPV infection risk. Participants with medium and high LE8 Scores exhibited a 21% and 31% lower risk of HPV infection, respectively, compared to those with low LE8 Scores in multivariate logistic regression models. The analysis also revealed that lifestyle factors, particularly nicotine exposure and blood pressure, significantly contributed to the observed association. CONCLUSION The study underscores the importance of healthy lifestyle behaviors in reducing the risk of HPV infection. Public health strategies promoting such behaviors could complement existing HPV prevention measures, potentially lowering the burden of HPV-related diseases. Future research should further investigate the mechanisms underlying this association and the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangliang Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Yuguang Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Reproductive Medicine Prenatal Genetics Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Wenshuo Zhou
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.1 Xinmin Street, Changchun, China.
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18
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Gilbert-Ouimet M, Zahiriharsini A, Blanchette C, Talbot D, Trudel X, Milot A, Brisson C, Smith P. Developing a gender measure and examining its association with cardiovascular diseases incidence: a 28-year prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2024; 22:498. [PMID: 39468490 PMCID: PMC11520886 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Examining gender (socio-cultural) in addition to sex (biological) is required to untangle socio-cultural characteristics contributing to inequities within or between sexes. This study aimed to develop a gender measure including four gender dimensions and examine the association between this gender measure and CVD incidence, across sexes. METHODS A cohort of 9188 white-collar workers (49.9% females) in the Quebec region was recruited in 1991-1993 and follow-up was carried out 28 years later for CVD incidence. Data collection involved a self-administered questionnaire and extraction of medical-administrative CVD incident cases. Cox proportional models allowed calculations of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), stratified by sex. RESULTS Sex and gender were partly independent, as discordances were observed in the distribution of the gender score across sexes. Among males, being in the third tertile of the gender score (indicating a higher level of characteristics traditionally ascribed to women) was associated with a 50% CVD risk increase compared to those in the first tertile (HR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.24 to 1.82). This association persisted after adjustment for several CVD risk factors (HR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.73). Conversely, no statistically significant association between the third tertile of the gender score and CVD incidence was observed in females (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.60-1.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that males within the third tertile of the gender score were more likely to develop CVD, while females with those characteristics did not exhibit an increased risk. These findings underline the necessity for clinical and population health research to integrate both sex and gender measures, to further evaluate disparities in cardiovascular health and enhance the inclusivity of prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahée Gilbert-Ouimet
- Health Sciences Department, Université du Québec À Rimouski Campus de Lévis, Lévis, Québec, G6V 0A6, Canada.
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Axis, Québec, Québec, Canada.
- Canada Research Chair in Sex and Gender in Occupational Health, Université du Québec À Rimouski Campus de Lévis, Lévis, Québec, Canada.
| | - Azita Zahiriharsini
- Health Sciences Department, Université du Québec À Rimouski Campus de Lévis, Lévis, Québec, G6V 0A6, Canada.
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Axis, Québec, Québec, Canada.
| | - Caty Blanchette
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Axis, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Talbot
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Axis, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Xavier Trudel
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Axis, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Milot
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Axis, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Brisson
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Axis, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter Smith
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Jakab AE, Bukva M, Maróti Z, Kalmár T, Raskó I, Kereszty ÉM, Papp VZ, Bereczki C. The ASAP study: association of atherosclerosis with pathobiology in a caucasian cohort-a study of 3400 autopsy reports. Sci Rep 2024; 14:25179. [PMID: 39448710 PMCID: PMC11502792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-76817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular plaques result from atherosclerosis. Autopsy investigations of unnatural deaths provide atherosclerosis research. A Central European cohort was studied in a cross-sectional study to determine the origin of atherosclerosis and the link between arterial status and pathobiological variables. This study incorporated 3400 autopsy reports (n = 2318 men; aged 0─96 years; 1928─2010) of persons who died by unnatural causes (suicide, homicide, accident). Age, sex, BMI, abdominal fat thickness, and arterial status of six vascular areas were gathered. The arterial state was divided into five subgroups according to its status. BMI declined from 22.82 kg/m2 in 1931 to 18.43 kg/m2 in 1947, then increased to 27.88 kg/m2 in 2005. Atherosclerotic degeneration begins in the abdominal aorta, then the thoracic, coronary, carotid, ascending, and cerebral arteries. All blood arteries deteriorated faster in men than women until 55. Abdominal aorta damage was the fastest in both sexes. Age is the biggest predictor of atherosclerosis, followed by sex, overweight, and abdominal thickness, according to logistic regression. This is the largest Central European autopsy investigation of six vascular areas. Both sexes develop atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta in the first decade of life. Being overweight increases the risk. The findings of this study aid healthcare providers in personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Emese Jakab
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Korányi fasor 14-15, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
| | - Mátyás Bukva
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Korányi fasor 14-15, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Maróti
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Korányi fasor 14-15, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kalmár
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Korányi fasor 14-15, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - István Raskó
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Korányi fasor 14-15, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári körút 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Éva Margit Kereszty
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Kossuth Lajos sugárút 40, Szeged, 6724, Hungary
| | - Viola Zsuzsanna Papp
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Korányi fasor 14-15, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bereczki
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Center, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Korányi fasor 14-15, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
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20
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Rountree L, Fukuoka Y, Sagae K, Zhang J, Pike N, Brecht ML, Rezk-Hanna M, DeVon HA. Perceived Susceptibility to and Severity of Cardiovascular Disease Is Associated With Intent to Change Behavior Among Women 25-55 Years Old. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024:00005082-990000000-00232. [PMID: 39454082 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among young and middle-aged women have increased, whereas CVD knowledge and awareness remain low. AIMS The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between the stage of behavior change and awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of CVD among women 25-55 years and identify predictors of the stage of behavior change. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey of women ages 25-55 years living in the United States was conducted. Awareness was measured with the question "What is the leading cause of death for women in the United States?" Knowledge, perceptions, and the stage of behavior change were measured with the Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire, Health Beliefs Related to CVD, and Precaution Adoption Process Model instruments, respectively. Chi-square and t tests were used to determine differences between awareness, knowledge, and perceptions based on the stage of behavior change. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between the stage of behavior change and awareness, knowledge, and perceptions. RESULTS A total of 149 primarily minority women (n = 105) were included (mean age = 37.15 ± 7.86 years). The perception of CVD susceptibility was associated with increased intention to change behavior (odds ratio, 1.247; 95% confidence interval, 1.101-1.414; P < .001). The perception of CVD severity was associated with reduced intention to change behavior (odds ratio, 0.809; P = .004). CONCLUSION Women who believed they were susceptible to CVD and did not perceive CVD as severe were more likely to report intent to change behavior, suggesting perception of CVD risk is more important than awareness or knowledge. Addressing misperceptions may be a strategy for primary risk reduction.
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21
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Halada S, Beyer KM, Zhou Y, Weston BW. Navigating Stroke Care: Geospatial Assessment of Regional Stroke Center Accessibility. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024:108093. [PMID: 39461451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reducing time between stroke onset and hospital intervention is crucial for positive outcomes in stroke patients. While EMS utilization decreases time to intervention, many US regions are not within timely proximity to an advanced-care-capable stroke center (ASC), defined as a comprehensive or thrombectomy-capable center. This study aims to utilize geographic methodology to identify regions in Wisconsin with both high stroke mortality and low physical accessibility to certified stroke centers (SCs), particularly ASCs. METHODS Geocoded mortality records for stroke death between 2015 and 2020 were accessed from the Wisconsin Department of Health Services. Indirectly age-standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were estimated continuously across Wisconsin using adaptive spatial filtering and mortality records at the census block group level; the surface was then averaged by census tract for tract level SMRs. Addresses for SC locations within Wisconsin and bordering states were collected, and drive times from Wisconsin census tract centroids to the nearest SC subtypes were estimated. Drive times and mortality ratios were evaluated at the tract level alongside Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes. Spatial error regression modeling was used to determine RUCA classifications with the highest stroke risk independent of accessibility to stroke centers. RESULTS Approximately 50%, 68%, and 78% of Wisconsin residents resided within 30, 45, and 60 minutes of an ASC, respectively. Median drive time from census tract centroids to the nearest ASC were highest for rural tracts (M=90 minutes, IQR=68-115) compared to small-town (M=82 minutes, IQR=49-113), micropolitan (M=53 minutes, IQR=43-77), and metropolitan tracts (M=19 minutes, IQR=11-35; p<0.001). Clusters of high stroke SMRs were found in urban centers as well as rural areas irrespective of county declinations. Spatial regression modeling suggested small-town census tracts had the highest SMR irrespective of physical accessibility to care and spatial correlation. In small-town census tracts >45 minutes from the nearest ASC, the median stroke SMR was 1.12 (IQR=0.94-1.40) with 226,000 residents and 150 stroke deaths per year. CONCLUSION Small-town areas are associated with both long drive distance to ASC locations and high stroke mortality. Geographical analyses reveal apparent stroke care deserts and may inform strategic allocation of emergency medicine resources and coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Halada
- Medical Student, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Kirsten Mm Beyer
- Institute for Health & Equity, Medical College Wisconsin, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Institute for Health & Equity, Medical College Wisconsin, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Benjamin W Weston
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College Wisconsin, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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22
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Behera S, Belyeu JR, Chen X, Paulin LF, Nguyen NQH, Newman E, Mahmoud M, Menon VK, Qi Q, Joshi P, Marcovina S, Rossi M, Roller E, Han J, Onuchic V, Avery CL, Ballantyne CM, Rodriguez CJ, Kaplan RC, Muzny DM, Metcalf GA, Gibbs RA, Yu B, Boerwinkle E, Eberle MA, Sedlazeck FJ. Identification of allele-specific KIV-2 repeats and impact on Lp(a) measurements for cardiovascular disease risk. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:255. [PMID: 39449055 PMCID: PMC11515395 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The abundance of Lp(a) protein holds significant implications for the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is directly impacted by the copy number (CN) of KIV-2, a 5.5 kbp sub-region. KIV-2 is highly polymorphic in the population and accurate analysis is challenging. In this study, we present the DRAGEN KIV-2 CN caller, which utilizes short reads. Data across 166 WGS show that the caller has high accuracy, compared to optical mapping and can further phase approximately 50% of the samples. We compared KIV-2 CN numbers to 24 previously postulated KIV-2 relevant SNVs, revealing that many are ineffective predictors of KIV-2 copy number. Population studies, including USA-based cohorts, showed distinct KIV-2 CN, distributions for European-, African-, and Hispanic-American populations and further underscored the limitations of SNV predictors. We demonstrate that the CN estimates correlate significantly with the available Lp(a) protein levels and that phasing is highly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairam Behera
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan R Belyeu
- Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
- Present Address: Pacific Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiao Chen
- Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
- Present Address: Pacific Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Luis F Paulin
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ngoc Quynh H Nguyen
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Medhat Mahmoud
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vipin K Menon
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Parag Joshi
- Medpace Reference Laboratories, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christy L Avery
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Carlos J Rodriguez
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ginger A Metcalf
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Eberle
- Illumina Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
- Present Address: Pacific Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fritz J Sedlazeck
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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23
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Master L, Shen Y, Allan AC, Beydoun MA, Zonderman AB, Evans MK, Buxton OM, Gamaldo AA. Associations between AHA's Life's Essential 8 and cognition in midlife and older adults. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39444232 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study evaluated the associations between Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and cognitive performance, and compared the strength of the relationships of Life's Simple 7 (LS7) and LE8 to cognition in midlife and older adults. METHODS Participants (N = 1539) were from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study. Cross-sectional multivariable regression examined the associations between LE8 and cognition. Secondary analyses compared model performance between LE8 and LS7 measures on cognition from the same available sample. RESULTS Higher LE8 scores were associated with better global cognitive performance, working memory, and attention. The LS7 model outperformed the LE8 model on global cognitive performance, but the LE8 model outperformed the LS7 model for the working memory domain. DISCUSSION Better cardiovascular health (CVH) was associated with better cognitive performance among US middle-aged and older adults. However, the association between CVH and specific cognitive domains varies when using LE8 versus LS7. HIGHLIGHTS Cardiovascular health (CVH) is associated with cognitive performance. Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is a new construct to quantify CVH. Associations between LE8 and cognition were assessed. Higher LE8 was associated with better global cognitive performance. Higher LE8 was also associated with better working memory and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Master
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuqi Shen
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexa C Allan
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alyssa A Gamaldo
- Department of Psychology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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24
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Guo X, Zhang Z, Yin X, QirongXu, Li F, Zhu F. Global burden of ischemic stroke attributable to high body mass index in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:584. [PMID: 39438799 PMCID: PMC11494805 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-04259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high body mass index (hBMI) is one of the major risk factors for ischemic stroke (IS), although independent estimates of the global burden and trend of IS attributable to hBMI are unclear. METHODS Study data were extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study and analysed by age, sex, year, and geographical location. The sociodemographic index (SDI) and the human development index (HDI) were used as indicators of national socioeconomic status. Geographic distributions and trends were assessed by calculating the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Associations between the age-standardized death rate (ASMR) or disability-adjusted life year rate (DALY) and socioeconomic status were analysed. RESULTS Deaths and DALYs increased worldwide from 1990-2021, with increases of 95.74% for the former and 133.00% for the latter; the ASMR and ASDR decreased, with an ASMR and ASDR-related EAPCs of -1.10 (95% CI: -1.24--0.96) and 0.04 (95% CI:-0.47-0.55), respectively; women had greater numbers of deaths and DALYs, and the majority of deaths and DALYs were shared by those aged ≥ 70. The highest burden rates were shared by Eastern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia. The ASMR-related EAPCs were associated with the ASMR in 1990 (R = -0.35, P < 0.001) and the SDI in 2021 in different countries (R = -0.66, P < 0.001); these patterns were similar to those of the ASDR; the HDI in 2021 was associated with the ASMR-related EAPC (R = -0.71, P < 0.001) and the ASDR-related EAPC in different countries (R = -0.71, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The number of deaths and DALYs from ischemic stroke attributable to hBMI worldwide increased substantially from 1990-2021. Successful population-wide initiatives targeting hBMI may mitigate a wide range of burdens on this disease. Taking into account variations in the SDI burden, future prevention and control strategies must be developed and implemented according to country-specific development status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucai Guo
- Drug Clinical Trial Institutions, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziping Zhang
- Drug Clinical Trial Institutions, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Yin
- Drug Clinical Trial Institutions, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - QirongXu
- Drug Clinical Trial Institutions, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Pharmaceutical Department, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Tianqiang St, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, No. 1 West Huangpu Rd, Guangzhou, 510620, China.
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Asiimwe IG, Blockman M, Cavallari LH, Cohen K, Cupido C, Dandara C, Davis BH, Jacobson B, Johnson JA, Lamorde M, Limdi NA, Morgan J, Mouton JP, Muyambo S, Nakagaayi D, Ndadza A, Okello E, Perera MA, Schapkaitz E, Sekaggya-Wiltshire C, Semakula JR, Tatz G, Waitt C, Yang G, Zhang EJ, Jorgensen AL, Pirmohamed M. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of stable warfarin dose in patients of African ancestry. Blood Adv 2024; 8:5248-5261. [PMID: 39163621 PMCID: PMC11493193 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2024014227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Warfarin dose requirements are highly variable because of clinical and genetic factors. Although genetic variants influencing warfarin dose have been identified in European and East Asian populations, more work is needed to identify African-specific genetic variants to help optimize warfarin dosing. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in 4 African cohorts from Uganda, South Africa, and Zimbabwe, totaling 989 warfarin-treated participants who reached stable dose and had international normalized ratios within therapeutic ranges. We also included 2 African American cohorts recruited by the International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium (n = 316) and the University of Alabama at Birmingham (n = 199). After the GWAS, we performed standard error-weighted meta-analyses and then conducted stepwise conditional analyses to account for known loci in chromosomes 10 and 16. The genome-wide significance threshold was set at P < 5 × 10-8. The meta-analysis, comprising 1504 participants, identified 242 significant SNPs across 3 genomic loci, with 99.6% of these located within known loci on chromosomes 10 (top SNP: rs58800757, P = 4.27 × 10-13) and 16 (top SNP: rs9925964, P = 9.97 × 10-16). Adjustment for the VKORC1 SNP -1639G>A revealed an additional locus on chromosome 2 (top SNPs rs116057875/rs115254730/rs115240773, P = 3.64 × 10-8), implicating the MALL gene, that could indirectly influence warfarin response through interactions with caveolin-1. In conclusion, we reaffirmed the importance of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 in influencing warfarin dose requirements, and identified a new locus (MALL), that still requires direct evidence of biological plausibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent G. Asiimwe
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Blockman
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Larisa H. Cavallari
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL
| | - Karen Cohen
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Clint Cupido
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Victoria Hospital Internal Medicine Research Initiative, Victoria Hospital Wynberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Pharmacogenomics and Drug Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brittney H. Davis
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Barry Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Julie A. Johnson
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, Center for Clinical and Translational Science, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Mohammed Lamorde
- Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Nita A. Limdi
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jennie Morgan
- Metro Health Services, Western Cape Department of Health and Wellness, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family, Community and Emergency Care, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Johannes P. Mouton
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sarudzai Muyambo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Doreen Nakagaayi
- Department of Adult Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Arinao Ndadza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Pharmacogenomics and Drug Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Emmy Okello
- Department of Adult Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Minoli A. Perera
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Elise Schapkaitz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Hematology, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital National Health Laboratory System Complex and University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Jerome R. Semakula
- Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Gayle Tatz
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Catriona Waitt
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Genetics Group, Center for Applied Bioinfomatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Eunice J. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea L. Jorgensen
- Department of Health Data Science, Institute of Population Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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26
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Lawrence J, Seelig D, Demos-Davies K, Ferreira C, Ren Y, Wang L, Alam SK, Yang R, Guedes A, Craig A, Hoeppner LH. Radiation dermatitis in the hairless mouse model mimics human radiation dermatitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:24819. [PMID: 39438583 PMCID: PMC11496547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-76021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Over half of all people diagnosed with cancer receive radiation therapy. Moderate to severe radiation dermatitis occurs in most human radiation patients, causing pain, aesthetic distress, and a negative impact on tumor control. No effective prevention or treatment for radiation dermatitis exists. The lack of well-characterized, clinically relevant animal models of human radiation dermatitis contributes to the absence of strategies to mitigate radiation dermatitis. Here, we establish and characterize a hairless SKH-1 mouse model of human radiation dermatitis by correlating temporal stages of clinical and pathological skin injury. We demonstrate that a single ionizing radiation treatment of 30 Gy using 6 MeV electrons induces severe clinical grade 3 peak toxicity at 12 days, defined by marked erythema, desquamation and partial ulceration, with resolution occurring by 25 days. Histopathology reveals that radiation-induced skin injury features temporally unique inflammatory changes. Upregulation of epidermal and dermal TGF-ß1 and COX-2 protein expression occurs at peak dermatitis, with sustained epidermal TGF-ß1 expression beyond resolution. Specific histopathological variables that remain substantially high at peak toxicity and early clinical resolution, including epidermal thickening, hyperkeratosis and dermal fibroplasia/fibrosis, serve as specific measurable parameters for in vivo interventional preclinical studies that seek to mitigate radiation-induced skin injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lawrence
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 425 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Davis Seelig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 425 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Kimberly Demos-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Clara Ferreira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, 516 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Yanan Ren
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, 303 E Superior Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Li Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Sk Kayum Alam
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Rendong Yang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, 303 E Superior Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alonso Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Angela Craig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 425 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, 701 Park Ave, Suite S3, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Luke H Hoeppner
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 425 East River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA.
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27
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DePaolo J, Zhang DY, Damrauer SM. Leveraging genetic data to improve the care of patients with thoracic aortic dilation. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:4333-4335. [PMID: 39150456 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John DePaolo
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David Y Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Scott M Damrauer
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Drive, 14th Floor South Perelman Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
- Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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28
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Ji F, Yu X, Sheng W, Zhang W, Wei Y, Ji X, Shan Z, Qi L. Gender and age predict advanced heart failure in gene-negative patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Heart Lung 2024; 69:163-167. [PMID: 39437537 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) may develop concomitant advanced heart failure (HF). However, there is limited data on the clinical outcomes of HCM patients without sarcomere gene mutations who have advanced HF. OBJECTIVES To identify prognostic factors for advanced HF in gene-negative patients within a large HCM cohort. METHODS A total of 1529 unrelated patients with HCM were enrolled between 1999 and 2018, and followed throughout the study period. All patients underwent genotyping through whole exome or panel sequencing. From this cohort, 735 patients without mutations were studied. We assessed the effects of family history, clinical findings, and echocardiographic parameters on the development of advanced HF. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors associated with advanced HF. RESULTS Of the 735 gene-negative patients studied, the mean age was 52.5±13.2 years, 69.5% were male, and the mean follow-up duration was 3.2±2.3 years. During this period, 97 patients (13.2%) developed advanced HF. Using multivariable analysis, we identified significant risk factors for advanced HF: female gender (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.499, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.531-4.081, P<0.001) and older age at enrollment (adjusted HR 1.298, 95% CI 1.00-1.682, P=0.049). These findings suggest that female patients and those enrolled at an older age are at a higher risk for developing advanced HF. CONCLUSION Female gender and older age may predict a higher risk of advanced HF in gene-negative patients with HCM. Early detection and proactive treatment are crucial for managing and preventing complications in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Ji
- Shandong Provincial Chronic Disease Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xueshou Yu
- Shandong Laiyang Health School, Yantai, China
| | - Wenxu Sheng
- Shandong Laiyang Health School, Yantai, China
| | - Wenxiu Zhang
- Laiyang city Shanqiandian town health center, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Wei
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaobin Ji
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhengyi Shan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Shandong Laiyang Health School, Yantai, China.
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29
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Din M, Paul S, Ullah S, Yang H, Xu RG, Abidin NAZ, Sun A, Chen YC, Gao R, Chowdhury B, Zhou F, Rogers S, Miller M, Biswas A, Hu L, Fan Z, Zahner C, Fan J, Chen Z, Berman M, Xue L, Ju LA, Chen Y. Multi-parametric thrombus profiling microfluidics detects intensified biomechanical thrombogenesis associated with hypertension and aging. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9067. [PMID: 39433750 PMCID: PMC11494109 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Arterial thrombosis is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with no effective bioassay for clinical prediction. As a symbolic feature of arterial thrombosis, severe stenosis in the blood vessel creates a high-shear, high-gradient flow environment that facilitates platelet aggregation towards vessel occlusion. Here, we present a thrombus profiling assay that monitors the multi-dimensional attributes of thrombi forming in such biomechanical conditions. Using this assay, we demonstrate that different receptor-ligand interactions contribute distinctively to the composition and activation status of the thrombus. Our investigation into hypertensive and older individuals reveals intensified biomechanical thrombogenesis and multi-dimensional thrombus profile abnormalities, endorsing the diagnostic potential of the assay. Furthermore, we identify the hyperactivity of GPIbα-integrin αIIbβ3 mechanosensing axis as a molecular mechanism that contributes to hypertension-associated arterial thrombosis. By studying drug-disease interactions and inter-individual variability, our work reveals a need for personalized anti-thrombotic drug selection that accommodates each patient's pathological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbahud Din
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Souvik Paul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Sana Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Haoyi Yang
- Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Rong-Guang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Allan Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yiyao Catherine Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Rui Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Bari Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Fangyuan Zhou
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Stephenie Rogers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Mariel Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Atreyee Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Liang Hu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Christopher Zahner
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The City University of New York - City College, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Zi Chen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Megan Berman
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Lingzhou Xue
- Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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30
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Baker HK. Is Anyone Ready to Save a Life? An Examination of Cardiac Emergency Preparedness in Schools. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024. [PMID: 39428665 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the cardiac emergency preparedness of school employees in Illinois, as well as their attitudes toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) training. METHODS One thousand two hundred seventy-six school employees completed an online survey regarding their school's cardiac emergency preparedness, as well as their access to CPR/AED training, confidence and willingness to perform CPR/AED, and attitudes toward CPR policies and mandates. RESULTS In total, results from 1273 school employees were analyzed. School employees in Illinois are not prepared to respond to a cardiac emergency, but desire training, plans, and drills. Demographic analyses revealed statistically significant differences in cardiac emergency preparedness between individuals of different personal and school characteristics. CONCLUSIONS School employees in Illinois are not prepared to respond to a cardiac emergency. To increase preparedness for cardiac emergencies at school, schools should implement CPR/AED training for all employees, cardiac emergency response plans, and cardiac emergency response drills. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY Policies should be implemented at the state and local level to support cardiac emergency preparedness in schools, including mandated CPR/AED training for all school employees, cardiac emergency response plans for every building, and required cardiac emergency response drills.
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31
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Lee Y, Kim JH, Park JK. Self-rated health and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation in general population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:24651. [PMID: 39428543 PMCID: PMC11491467 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-76426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between self-rated health (SRH) and the development of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population remains underexplored. We reviewed the data of 9,895 participants in the Ansung-Ansan cohort study, a community-based Korean study. SRH was categorised as 'poor', 'fair', or 'good'. A newly developed AF was identified through biennial electrocardiography examinations and/or a self-reported history of physician-determined diagnoses. Over a median follow-up of 11 years, 149 patients (1.5%) developed AF. Compared with the 'good' group, the 'poor' group exhibited a higher risk of incident AF (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-2.87). Old age, female sex, lower educational level, smoking, cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease), and inflammation were associated with 'poor' SRH. Along with SRH, age, male sex, urban residence, hypertension, and myocardial infarction were also associated with a higher risk of incidental AF. The combined model, which included conventional risk factors and SRH, demonstrated a marginally improved performance in predicting incident AF (concordance index: 0.704 vs. 0.714, P = 0.058). Poor SRH is independently associated with the development of AF in Korean adults. However, it plays a limited role in AF surveillance when combined with conventional AF risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggu Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Han Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Iyanda A, Ade-Oni A, Omiyefa S. A geographic perspective of the association between physical activity and cardiovascular health: A need for community-level intervention. J Prev Interv Community 2024:1-30. [PMID: 39422301 DOI: 10.1080/10852352.2024.2415162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of death globally, and minority communities are at higher risk of chronic health outcomes. A combination of lifestyle, including physical activity (PA), good nutrition, and reduced stress, can improve life expectancy. This study aimed to analyze the association between CVDs and PA among the adult population (N = 3,956) based on the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise Approach to Surveillance (STEPS) survey in Afghanistan. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and spatial analytical techniques were used to analyze the data. Based on the WHO STEPS data, the computed prevalence of CVDs, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol were 7.41%, 45.57%, 34.06%, 9.51%, and 12.16%, respectively. Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that moderate work-related PA was associated with higher odds of CVDs and high cholesterol while inversely associated with obesity. Moderate leisure-related PA was positively associated with obesity. Vigorous leisure-related PA was associated with lower risks of CVDs, obesity, and high cholesterol but had a positive association with hypertension. Spatial analysis revealed a CVD hotspot in the southern region and the risk factors clustered in the northern region. These findings offer valuable insights for community and public health practitioners to design targeted interventions for reducing the burden of CVDs and risk factors in communities in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Iyanda
- Division of Social Sciences, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas, USA
| | - Adekunle Ade-Oni
- Department of Computer Science Information, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas, USA
| | - Seye Omiyefa
- School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Huang J, Li Z, Huang W, He J, Zheng J, Jiang S, Lin J, Xu M. Ablation of CCDC8 provides cardioprotection against cardiomyocyte apoptosis via TNF signaling pathway in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2024; 358:123151. [PMID: 39424266 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury induces significant apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cardiomyocytes. Coiled-coil domain-containing 8 (CCDC8), recently identified as an interacting protein of p53, acts as a cofactor in p53-mediated apoptosis. However, its role in myocardial I/R injury remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We first assessed CCDC8 levels in patients with left ventricular failure (LVF) and in both in vivo and in vitro models of myocardial I/R injury. Next, we used adenovirus 9 (AAV9) to overexpress CCDC8 and small interfering RNA (siRNA) to investigate the role of CCDC8 in myocardial I/R injury. mRNA sequencing and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to identify CCDC8-regulated genes. In vitro experiments were conducted to examine the effects of CCDC8 silencing on TNF-α-induced apoptosis. KEY FINDINGS CCDC8 expression was elevated in the left ventricle of LVF patients and in the cardiomyocytes of mice subjected to myocardial I/R injury. Overexpression of CCDC8 in cardiomyocytes via AAV9 exacerbated cardiac dysfunction caused by myocardial I/R injury, while silencing CCDC8 suppressed apoptosis and ROS production in H9c2 cells under hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) conditions. mRNA sequencing and KEGG analysis indicated that CCDC8 regulates genes related to cardiac contractility and the TNF signaling pathway. Additionally, CCDC8 silencing reversed TNF-α-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro. SIGNIFICANCE This study identifies CCDC8 as a key mediator of cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the TNF signaling pathway in myocardial I/R injury. These findings suggest that targeting CCDC8 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for mitigating cardiac dysfunction in myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jieyang 522000, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Zexiong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jieyang 522000, China.
| | - Weipeng Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jieyang 522000, China.
| | - Junbing He
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jieyang 522000, China.
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Shaoru Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jieyang 522000, China.
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jieyang 522000, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Mingwei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Jieyang 522000, China.
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Thamminana B, Patel MR, Deshpande MP, Park TJ, Kailasa SK. Fluorescence turn-off detection of myoglobin as a cardiac biomarker using water-stable L-glutamic acid functionalized cesium lead bromide perovskite quantum dots. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:674. [PMID: 39412650 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Water dispersible L-glutamic acid (Glu) functionalized cesium lead bromide perovskite quantum dots (CsPbBr3 PQDs), namely CsPbBr3@Glu PQDs were synthesized and used for the fluorescence "turn-off" detection of myoglobin (Myo). The as-prepared CsPbBr3@Glu PQDs exhibited an exceptional photoluminescence quantum yield of 25% and displayed emission peak at 520 nm when excited at 380 nm. Interestingly, the fluorescence "turn-off" analytical approach was designed to detect Myo using CsPbBr3@Glu PQDs as a simple optical probe. The developed probe exhibited a wide linear range (0.1-25 µM) and a detection limit of 42.42 nM for Myo sensing. The CsPbBr3@Glu PQDs-based optical probe provides high ability to determine Myo in serum and plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargava Thamminana
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395 007, India
| | | | - Madhura Pradeep Deshpande
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Chem-Bio Diagnostic Technology, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Chem-Bio Diagnostic Technology, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suresh Kumar Kailasa
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395 007, India.
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Zuk A, Piotrowski R, Sikorska A, Kowalik I, Kulakowski P, Baran J. Association between ablation-induced baroreceptor reflex modification and procedure efficacy in patients with atrial fibrillation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1474002. [PMID: 39469123 PMCID: PMC11513264 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1474002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a significant role in atrial fibrillation (AF). Catheter ablation (CA) is a well-established treatment method for AF and significantly affects the ANS, including baroreceptor (BR) function. However, little is known about the changes in BR function caused by radiofrequency (RF) or cryoballoon energy (CB) and its impact on future AF recurrences. Purpose To assess 1-year efficacy of CA of AF in relation to BR function modification and type of ablation energy used. Methods The study group consisted of 78 patients (25 females, mean age 58 ± 9 years) with paroxysmal AF and first CA (39 patients in the RF group and 39 in the CB group). The BR function was assessed non-invasively, using tilt testing before and after CA, and three BR parameters were calculated: event count (BREC) depicting overall BR activity, slope mean depicting BR sensitivity (BRS), and BR effectiveness index (BEI). The efficacy of CA was assessed during 1-year follow-up, which consisted of ambulatory visits and 24-h Holter ECG recordings at 3, 6, and 12 months after CA. The quality of life was assessed by using a dedicated scale [University of Toronto Atrial Fibrillation Severity Scale (AFSS)]. Results The two groups did not show differences in terms of clinical or demographic data. One-year follow-up was completed for 35 (89.7%) patients from the CB group and for 34 (87.2%) from the RF group. The rates of efficacy of CB and RF were similar [31/35 (88.6%) vs. 26/34 (76.5%), respectively]. After CA, the BR function decreased in both groups, with a significantly greater decrease in the CB group. The changes in BR parameters were similar in both responders and non-responders after CA in the whole group [BREC 10.0 (2.0-24.0) vs. 12.0 (4.0-21.5), p = 0.939; BRS 5.4 (3.7-6.5) vs. 4.8 (3.6-7.2), p = 0.809; BEI 24.8 (15.9-27.4) vs. 17.5 (8.9-27.5), p = 0.508, respectively]. According to the AFSS, the AF symptoms were significantly reduced in both groups to a similar extent. Conclusions CA for AF significantly decreased the BR function, especially in patients undergoing CB. There was no correlation between CA-induced changes in BR parameters and ablation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zuk
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Piotrowski
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sikorska
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kowalik
- Clinical Research Support Center, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Kulakowski
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Baran
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
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Barton AK, Lau ES, Gulati M. Steps towards curing Yentl syndrome: appraising sex differences in circulating proteins and incident myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2024:ehae657. [PMID: 39397778 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Barton
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Chancellors Building, The University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Emily S Lau
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Martha Gulati
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 S San Vicente Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- The Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, USA
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Gilbert-Ouimet M, Sultan-Taïeb H, Ben Charif A, Brisson C, Lavigne-Robichaud M, Milot A, Trudel X, Demers É, Guertin JR. Direct medical costs of cardiovascular diseases: Do cost components vary according to sex and age? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0311599. [PMID: 39388420 PMCID: PMC11466411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to estimate direct medical costs of men and women patients by age group related to cardiovascular diseases (coronary heart disease, strokes) in the province of Quebec, Canada from the economic perspective of the healthcare public system, encompassing five cost components: physician fees, hospitalization (hospital stay, intensive care stay), emergency visits and medication costs. METHODS This matched case-control study involved secondary data from a longitudinal cohort study (1997-2018) of 4584 white-collar workers. Participants were followed for a four-year period. We used an incremental cost method of difference-in-difference. Descriptive analyses using frequency counts, arithmetic means, standardized differences, chi-squared tests, and Student's T-tests were performed. Direct medical costs were estimated using mean and 95% bootstrap confidence interval. RESULTS Direct medical costs per case were CAD $4970 [4344, 5595] for all in the first year after the event. For men patients, direct medical costs were $5351 [4649, 6053] and $4234 [2880, 5588] for women in the first year after the event, $221 [-229, 671] for men and $226 [-727, 1179] for women in the second year, and $11 [-356, 377] for men and $-24 [-612, 564] for women in the third year. This decrease was observed for both men and women, with higher costs for men. Within the first year, physician fees dominated CVD-associated costs among both men and women cases younger than 65. However, hospital stay represented the costliest component among cases aged 65 and older, incurring higher costs in women compared to men. In the subsequent years, the distribution of costs showed variations according to sex and age, with either medication costs or physician fees being the predominant components, depending on the specific subgroups. CONCLUSIONS CVD-associated direct medical costs varied by components, sex, age, and follow-up years. Patients with CVD incurred more than twice the medical costs as compared to patients without CVD of same age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahée Gilbert-Ouimet
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Lévis, QC, Canada
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Canada Research Chair in Sex and Gender in Occupational Health, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Lévis, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Sultan-Taïeb
- School of Management, Université du Québec à Montréal (ESG-UQAM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Chantal Brisson
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Mathilde Lavigne-Robichaud
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Milot
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Xavier Trudel
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Éric Demers
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jason Robert Guertin
- Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Université Laval’s Research Center: The Tissue Engineering Laboratory (LOEX), Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Nargesi AA, Adejumo P, Dhingra LS, Rosand B, Hengartner A, Coppi A, Benigeri S, Sen S, Ahmad T, Nadkarni GN, Lin Z, Ahmad FS, Krumholz HM, Khera R. Automated Identification of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Using Deep Learning-Based Natural Language Processing. JACC. HEART FAILURE 2024:S2213-1779(24)00618-8. [PMID: 39453355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2024.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of automated tools for measuring care quality limits the implementation of a national program to assess guideline-directed care in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). OBJECTIVES The authors aimed to automate the identification of patients with HFrEF at hospital discharge, an opportunity to evaluate and improve the quality of care. METHODS The authors developed a novel deep-learning language model for identifying patients with HFrEF from discharge summaries of hospitalizations with heart failure at Yale New Haven Hospital during 2015 to 2019. HFrEF was defined by left ventricular ejection fraction <40% on antecedent echocardiography. The authors externally validated the model at Northwestern Medicine, community hospitals of Yale, and the MIMIC-III (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III) database. RESULTS A total of 13,251 notes from 5,392 unique individuals (age 73 ± 14 years, 48% women), including 2,487 patients with HFrEF (46.1%), were used for model development (train/held-out: 70%/30%). The model achieved an area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.97 and area under precision recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.97 in detecting HFrEF on the held-out set. The model had high performance in identifying HFrEF with AUROC = 0.94 and AUPRC = 0.91 on 19,242 notes from Northwestern Medicine, AUROC = 0.95 and AUPRC = 0.96 on 139 manually abstracted notes from Yale community hospitals, and AUROC = 0.91 and AUPRC = 0.92 on 146 manually reviewed notes from MIMIC-III. Model-based predictions of HFrEF corresponded to a net reclassification improvement of 60.2 ± 1.9% compared with diagnosis codes (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The authors developed a language model that identifies HFrEF from clinical notes with high precision and accuracy, representing a key element in automating quality assessment for individuals with HFrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash A Nargesi
- Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philip Adejumo
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lovedeep Singh Dhingra
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Benjamin Rosand
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Astrid Hengartner
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andreas Coppi
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Simon Benigeri
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sounok Sen
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tariq Ahmad
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhenqiu Lin
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Faraz S Ahmad
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Harlan M Krumholz
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Section of Health Informatics, Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rohan Khera
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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Pei H, Su X, Wu S, Wang Z. Evaluating the impact of chronic kidney disease and the triglyceride-glucose index on cardiovascular disease: mediation analysis in the NHANES. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2750. [PMID: 39385084 PMCID: PMC11462736 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explores the intricate relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index, and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in a U.S. adult population. It focuses on understanding how the TyG index, as a marker of insulin resistance, relates to cardiovascular risk in the presence of CKD. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 1999 to 2018. The study involved classifying stages of CKD, calculating the TyG index, and applying statistical analyses including logistic regression. RESULTS The investigation revealed that individuals with CKD, who comprised 49% males with an average age of 47 years, exhibited a higher incidence of CVD. The study demonstrated that before adjusting for the TyG index, the odds ratio (OR) for the association between CKD and CVD was 1.77. Importantly, the TyG index was found to mediate 10% of the association between CKD and CVD. Moreover, a significant synergistic interaction was observed between a high TyG index and CKD, with the combined presence of these conditions increasing the risk ratio for CVD to 3.01. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the crucial role of insulin resistance in the link between CKD and CVD. The paper discusses the implications of chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in CKD patients and the importance of the TyG index in assessing cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, No. 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan, 063000, China.
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Chang Y, Bai R, Zhang Y, Lu WJ, Ma S, Zhu M, Lan F, Jiang Y. SMYD1 modulates the proliferation of multipotent cardiac progenitor cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells during myocardial differentiation through GSK3β/β-catenin&ERK signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:350. [PMID: 39380045 PMCID: PMC11462858 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SMYD1, which is specific to striated muscle, plays a crucial role in regulating early heart development. Its deficiency has been linked to the occurrence of congenital heart disease. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism by which SMYD1 deficiency contributes to congenital heart disease remains unclear. METHODS We established a SMYD1 knockout pluripotent stem cell line and a doxycycline-inducible SMYD1 expression pluripotent stem cell line to investigate the functions of SMYD1 utilizing an in vitro-directed myocardial differentiation model. RESULTS Cardiomyocytes lacking SMYD1 displayed drastically diminished differentiation efficiency, concomitant with heightened proliferation capacity of cardiac progenitor cells during the early cardiac differentiation stage. These cellular phenotypes were confirmed through experiments inducing the re-expression of SMYD1. Transcriptome sequencing and small molecule inhibitor intervention suggested that the GSK3β/β-catenin&ERK signaling pathway was involved in the proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that SMYD1 acted as a transcriptional activator of GSK3β through histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation. Additionally, dual-luciferase analyses indicated that SMYD1 could interact with the promoter region of GSK3β, thereby augmenting its transcriptional activity. Moreover, administering insulin and Insulin-like growth factor 1 can enhance the efficacy of myocardial differentiation in SMYD1 knockout cells. CONCLUSIONS Our research indicated that the participation of SMYD1 in the GSK3β/β-catenin&ERK signaling cascade modulated the proliferation of cardiac progenitor cells during myocardial differentiation. This process was partly reliant on the transcription of GSK3β. Our research provided a novel insight into the genetic modification effect of SMYD1 during early myocardial differentiation. The findings were essential to the molecular mechanism and potential interventions for congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongshuai Zhang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jing Lu
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuhong Ma
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Lan
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central-China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Youxu Jiang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Gonzales JU, Clark C, Dellinger JR. The Effect of Acute Sleep Extension on Blood Pressure Is Dependent on the Change in Sleep Efficiency. Clocks Sleep 2024; 6:546-556. [PMID: 39449310 PMCID: PMC11503376 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep6040036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of acute sleep extension on blood pressure and microvascular vasodilation. Sleep and daily physical activity were objectively measured at home for two weeks using wrist actigraphy in 22 adults (60 ± 15 y). Vascular measurements were made in the morning on the 8th and 15th day. Participants spent at least 10 h in bed on the night prior to one of these testing days to extend sleep. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and peak reactive hyperemia in the forearm were measured on each testing day. Reactive hyperemia and MAP were unaltered (p > 0.05) by sleep extension in the total sample. However, adults who experienced improved sleep efficiency with sleep extension (n = 10, 4.2 ± 1.4%) exhibited reduced MAP (-5.5 ± 4.6 mm Hg, p = 0.005) while adults who had little change or decreased sleep efficiency (n = 12, -1.7 ± 2.9%) showed no change in MAP. The reduction in MAP was significantly different between sleep efficiency groups (p = 0.005, Hedges' g = 1.21) after adjustment for sex and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The results of this study suggest that sleep extension has the potential to reduce blood pressure in midlife to older adults when the additional sleep time improves the quality of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin U Gonzales
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Cayla Clark
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jacob R Dellinger
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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42
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Popa IP, Clim A, Pînzariu AC, Lazăr CI, Popa Ș, Tudorancea IM, Moscalu M, Șerban DN, Șerban IL, Costache-Enache II, Tudorancea I. Arterial Hypertension: Novel Pharmacological Targets and Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5927. [PMID: 39407987 PMCID: PMC11478071 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13195927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2024] [Revised: 09/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Arterial hypertension (HTN) is one of the major global contributors to cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality, particularly due to its impact on vital organs and the coexistence of various comorbidities such as chronic renal disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular diseases, and obesity. Regardless of the accessibility of several well-established pharmacological treatments, the percentage of patients achieving adequate blood pressure (BP) control is still significantly lower than recommended levels. Therefore, the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of HTN is currently the major focus of healthcare systems. Various strategies are being applied, such as the development of new pharmacological agents that target different underlying physiopathological mechanisms or associated comorbidities. Additionally, a novel group of interventional techniques has emerged in recent years, specifically for situations when blood pressure is not properly controlled despite the use of multiple antihypertensives in maximum doses or when patients are unable to tolerate or desire not to receive antihypertensive medications. Nonetheless, reducing the focus on antihypertensive medication development by the pharmaceutical industry and increasing recognition of ineffective HTN control due to poor drug adherence demands ongoing research into alternative approaches to treatment. The aim of this review is to summarize the potential novel pharmacological targets for the treatment of arterial hypertension as well as the future perspectives of the treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Paula Popa
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania (D.N.Ș.)
| | - Andreea Clim
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania (D.N.Ș.)
| | - Alin Constantin Pînzariu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania (D.N.Ș.)
| | - Cristina Iuliana Lazăr
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania (D.N.Ș.)
| | - Ștefan Popa
- 2nd Department of Surgery–Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Ivona Maria Tudorancea
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Mihaela Moscalu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Dragomir N. Șerban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania (D.N.Ș.)
| | - Ionela Lăcrămioara Șerban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania (D.N.Ș.)
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache-Enache
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
| | - Ionuț Tudorancea
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Discipline of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania (D.N.Ș.)
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, Romania
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Yu H, Wang Z, Wu H, Zhu Z, Wang J, Fang R, Wu S, Xie H, Huang X, Benitez Mendieta J, Anbananthan H, Li Z. In-vivo left atrial surface motion and strain measurement using novel mesh regularized image block matching method with 4D-CTA. J Biomech 2024; 176:112354. [PMID: 39383691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Atrial strain and motion play important roles in evaluation of stroke risks for patients with atrial fibrillation. While cardiac computed tomographic angiography (CTA) provides detailed left atrial morphology with unparallel image resolution, finding a suitable strain measurement method for CTA remains a considerable challenge. In this paper, for the first time, we introduced a mesh regularized image block matching method to estimate 3D left atrial (LA) surface strain with 4D CTA. A series of performance tests with ex-vivo phantom and in-vivo 4D-CTA data were deployed. In conclusion, our proposed method could provide reliable LA motion and strain data within limited time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Zidun Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhengduo Zhu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Jiaqiu Wang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK.
| | - Runxing Fang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shanglin Wu
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Hujin Xie
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Xianjue Huang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jessica Benitez Mendieta
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Haveena Anbananthan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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Jiang Y, Luo B, Lu W, Chen Y, Peng Y, Chen L, Lin Y. Association Between the Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Study. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:7057-7067. [PMID: 39377046 PMCID: PMC11457786 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s481515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI) has emerged as a novel marker for inflammation and prognosis, but its role in patients with acute myocardial infarction has not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of different AISI levels on the clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Patients and Methods This study was a retrospective study, including 1044 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who were treated at the Fujian Medical University Affiliated Union Hospital, China from May 2017 to December 2022. The patients were divided into high and low AISI groups based on the median value (Q1 Group, ≤ 416.15, n=522; Q2 Group, ≥ 416.16, n=522), and the differences in baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes between the two groups were analyzed. The primary outcome included major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), while the secondary outcomes included contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) risk and all-cause rehospitalization rate. Results The findings of the single-factor analysis suggest that a significant association between high AISI levels and the occurrence of MACCEs in AMI patients. After adjusting for confounding factors, the results indicated that compared to Q1, patients in the Q2 group had a higher risk of all-cause mortality [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.64; 95% CI 1.37-15.72; p=0.032], new-onset atrial fibrillation (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.02-3.00; p=0.047), and CIN (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.02-3.01; p=0.043), with all differences being statistically significant. Conclusion In the population of AMI patients, an elevated AISI level is significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and can serve as an early marker for adverse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baolin Luo
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Lu
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Chen
- School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Peng
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangwan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Fujian Provincial Special Reserve Talents Laboratory, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjuan Lin
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
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Zhu H, Wang N, Chang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang S, Ren X, Yuan M, Chang H, Jin WN. Extracellular vesicles bearing serum amyloid A1 exacerbate neuroinflammation after intracerebral haemorrhage. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2024:svn-2024-003525. [PMID: 39357895 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2024-003525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) elicits a robust inflammatory response, which significantly contributes to secondary brain damage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication by transporting immune-regulatory proteins. However, the precise contribution of these EV-carried proteins to neuroinflammation following ICH remains elusive. Here, we identified proteins dysregulated in EVs and further studied the EVs-enriched Serum amyloid A 1 (SAA1) to understand its role in neuroinflammation and ICH injury. METHODS We used mass spectrometry to analyse the EV protein cargo isolated from plasma samples of 30 ICH patients and 30 healthy controls. To validate the function of the dysregulated protein SAA1, an ICH mouse model was conducted to assess the effects of SAA1 neutralisation on brain oedema, neurological function and infiltration of peripheral leucocytes. RESULTS 49 upregulated proteins and 12 downregulated proteins were observed in EVs from ICH patients compared with controls. Notably, SAA1 demonstrated a significant increase in EVs associated with ICH. We observed that exogenous SAA1 stimulation led to an augmentation in the population of microglia and astrocytes, exacerbating neuroinflammation. Neutralising SAA1 with an anti-SAA1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) diminished the prevalence of proinflammatory microglia and the infiltration of peripheral leucocytes, which ameliorates brain oedema and neurological function in ICH mice. CONCLUSION Our findings provide compelling evidence implicating EVs and their cargo proteins in ICH pathogenesis. SAA1 emerges as a potential therapeutic target for mitigating neuroinjury and neuroinflammation following ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Chang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shihe Jiang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Ren
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haoxiao Chang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Na Jin
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
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McKinney JL, Clinton SC, Keyser LE. Women's Health Across the Lifespan: A Sex- and Gender-Focused Perspective. Phys Ther 2024; 104:pzae121. [PMID: 39216103 PMCID: PMC11523629 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Women's health in physical therapy has historically focused on sexual and reproductive health. The biological and social constructs of sex and gender, respectively, are determinants of health, including pathophysiology of disease and therapeutic outcomes, and an expansion of the concept of "women's health" is warranted. This Perspective explores the role of sex and gender as key determinants of women's and girls' health and highlights the factors pertinent to physical therapist practice. The Scale for the Assessment for Narrative Review Articles (SANRA), a 6-point assessment to evaluate the quality of narrative reviews, was used a priori and consulted throughout. Across the lifespan, sex- and gender-based health disparities exist. These include sex-based disparities in maternal-fetal outcomes linking female fetal sex to maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, along with a sex-based female advantage in birth outcomes and the emergence of gender differences in motor development. A complex interplay of biological and socially influenced factors contributes to an increased care burden for women throughout adulthood and specific risks for the development of cardiovascular and pelvic floor conditions, decreased function, and increased disability. Sex- and gender-disaggregated data are lacking in outcomes literature. A sex- and gender-informed approach in physical therapy, including analyzing data by sex and gender, may better meet the needs of patients and better prepare physical therapist professionals to contribute to women's health across the lifespan. Success will take coordinated effort involving many stakeholders within and adjacent to the physical therapist community. The influence of sex and gender are lifelong determinants of health, making them critically important to consider in physical therapist practice, education, research, advocacy, and policy. In women's health, focusing on sexual and reproductive health is limiting and insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura E Keyser
- Mama LLC, Canton, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Bang M, Fan W, Wong ND. Liver fibrosis according to diabetes status and relation to cardiovascular risk and mortality in US adults. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024; 46:100457. [PMID: 39386080 PMCID: PMC11462167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2024.100457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Study objective Liver fibrosis is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and mortality. However, it is unknown how these risks compare in those with pre-diabetes (pre-DM) or diabetes (DM). We examined the association of FIB-4 levels, an indicator of liver fibrosis, with CVD risk and mortality according to DM status. Design and setting Prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Participants We examined 13,326 U.S. adults (6.7 % with DM) with FIB-4 measures classified as low (<1.30), intermediate (1.30- < 2.67), high (2.67- < 3.25), and very high (≥3.25). National Death Index linkage provided mortality status for CVD, liver-related, and all causes over 17.5 years. Main outcomes We calculated 10-year ASCVD risk in persons without known ASCVD. Cox regression examined the relation of FIB-4 with mortality by DM status. Results High/very high FIB-4 levels were greater in those with (2.2 %) vs. without (0.4 %) DM (p < 0.0001). Higher FIB-4 scores and DM were associated with greater estimated ASCVD risks (p < 0.0001); 44.5 % of those at high /very high FIB-4 levels had ≥20 % estimated ASCVD risk. CVD mortality hazard ratios (HRs) (95 % CI) associated with high/very high FIB-4 in those with pre-DM and DM were 8.76 (3.66-20.95), and 0.89 (0.22-3.53), respectively, and for total mortality were 5.46 (3.16-9.43), and 2.07 (0.90-4.74), respectively, which were attenuated after adjustment. Conclusions Our findings indicate the need for increased efforts to identify those at risk of liver fibrosis in adults with pre-DM or DM to prevent CVD and total mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bang
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Wenjun Fan
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Nathan D. Wong
- Heart Disease Prevention Program, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Susinski S, Bouchard K, Stragapede E, Dozois S, Sterling E, Tulloch H. Psychological interventions targeting mental health and stress among females with cardiac disease: a scoping review. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 102:607-619. [PMID: 38587177 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Interventions that target mental health symptoms and stress among those with established cardiac disease have included predominately male samples despite female patients reporting greater severity of these symptoms. The aim of this scoping review was to synthesize the published literature on psychological interventions for females with cardiac disease. We conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published in the English language from 2003 to 2023, in three databases: Medline (Ovid), PsycInfo (Ovid), and CINAHL (EBSCO). Articles that included female samples, a control or comparison group, implemented psychological interventions, and measured depression, anxiety, or stress as an outcome were included in the review. Nine articles describing eight RCTs of psychological interventions, with a total of 1587 female patients with cardiac disease, were included. Interventions were most successful at reducing stress (75% of studies measuring stress reported efficacy), while symptoms of depression and anxiety were less responsive to intervention (∼30% of studies targeting these symptoms reported improvements) in comparison to a control condition. This scoping review highlights that further advancement in knowledge is required to better address the needs of females with cardiac disease and distress, particularly depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Bouchard
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Elisa Stragapede
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sophie Dozois
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Evan Sterling
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Heather Tulloch
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Yuniadi Y, Supit AI, Hanafy DA, Raharjo SB, Hermanto DY, Basalamah F, Hartono B, Agustinus R, Chandranegara AF, Ahmad C, Iqbal M, Tondas AE, El‐Rasyid H, Haryadi H, Lukito AA, Tanubudi D, Yansen I, Maharani E, Julario R, Rizal A, Antara PS, Amir M. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation based on tertiary hospital survey in Indonesia: A smartphone-based diagnosis. J Arrhythm 2024; 40:1102-1107. [PMID: 39416241 PMCID: PMC11474569 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmic disorders worldwide. This study aims to describe the prevalence of AF in various cities in Indonesia using single-lead hand held electrocardiography linked to a smartphone-based application. Methods This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted at tertiary hospital of major cities in Indonesia, between January 2018 and July 2019. The AliveCor Kardia™ Mobile system device was used as a screening tool for AF and confirmed its finding with clinical diagnoses made by cardiologists. Results A total of 9773 subjects were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of AF reported by the device and cardiologist was 3.2% and 3.5%, respectively. AF prevalences are equal in men than women. The majority of subjects (56%) are having low risk for stroke or systemic thromboembolism. Prevalence of risk factors such as heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, and history of stroke among AF patients were 50%, 22.9%, 31.9%, 13.5%, and 5.8%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of AF at referral hospitals visitors based on smartphone diagnosis in Indonesia is 3.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoga Yuniadi
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta and Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineFaculty of Medicine, Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Alice I. Supit
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta and Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineFaculty of Medicine, Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Dicky A. Hanafy
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta and Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineFaculty of Medicine, Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Sunu B. Raharjo
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta and Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineFaculty of Medicine, Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Dony Y. Hermanto
- National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta and Department of Cardiology and Vascular MedicineFaculty of Medicine, Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia
| | - Faris Basalamah
- Mitra Keluarga Hospital Bekasi Timur, West JavaBekasiIndonesia
| | | | | | | | - Chaerul Ahmad
- Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia
| | - Mohammad Iqbal
- Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas PadjadjaranBandungIndonesia
| | | | - Hauda El‐Rasyid
- M Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatera and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas AndalasPadangIndonesia
| | | | | | | | | | - Erika Maharani
- Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gajah MadaYogyakartaIndonesia
| | - Rerdin Julario
- Sutomo District Hospital, Surabaya, and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas AirlanggaEast JavaIndonesia
| | - Ardian Rizal
- Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas BrawijayaMalangIndonesia
| | - Putra S. Antara
- IGNG Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas UdayanaBaliIndonesia
| | - Muzakkir Amir
- Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, South Sulawesi, and Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas HasanuddinMakassarIndonesia
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Chen C, Wang J, Zhang S, Zhu X, Hu J, Liu C, Liu L. Epigenetic regulation of diverse regulated cell death modalities in cardiovascular disease: Insights into necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. Redox Biol 2024; 76:103321. [PMID: 39186883 PMCID: PMC11388786 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell death constitutes a critical component of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. A growing array of non-apoptotic forms of regulated cell death (RCD)-such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and cuproptosis-has been identified and is intimately linked to various cardiovascular conditions. These forms of RCD are governed by genetically programmed mechanisms within the cell, with epigenetic modifications being a common and crucial regulatory method. Such modifications include DNA methylation, RNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation, and non-coding RNAs. This review recaps the roles of DNA methylation, RNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases, as well as the mechanisms by which epigenetic modifications regulate key proteins involved in cell death. Furthermore, we systematically catalog the existing epigenetic pharmacological agents targeting novel forms of RCD and their mechanisms of action in cardiovascular diseases. This article aims to underscore the pivotal role of epigenetic modifications in precisely regulating specific pathways of novel RCD in cardiovascular diseases, thus offering potential new therapeutic avenues that may prove more effective and safer than traditional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
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