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Trumpff C, Monzel AS, Sandi C, Menon V, Klein HU, Fujita M, Lee A, Petyuk VA, Hurst C, Duong DM, Seyfried NT, Wingo AP, Wingo TS, Wang Y, Thambisetty M, Ferrucci L, Bennett DA, De Jager PL, Picard M. Psychosocial experiences are associated with human brain mitochondrial biology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317673121. [PMID: 38889126 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317673121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial experiences affect brain health and aging trajectories, but the molecular pathways underlying these associations remain unclear. Normal brain function relies on energy transformation by mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Two main lines of evidence position mitochondria both as targets and drivers of psychosocial experiences. On the one hand, chronic stress exposure and mood states may alter multiple aspects of mitochondrial biology; on the other hand, functional variations in mitochondrial OxPhos capacity may alter social behavior, stress reactivity, and mood. But are psychosocial exposures and subjective experiences linked to mitochondrial biology in the human brain? By combining longitudinal antemortem assessments of psychosocial factors with postmortem brain (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) proteomics in older adults, we find that higher well-being is linked to greater abundance of the mitochondrial OxPhos machinery, whereas higher negative mood is linked to lower OxPhos protein content. Combined, positive and negative psychosocial factors explained 18 to 25% of the variance in the abundance of OxPhos complex I, the primary biochemical entry point that energizes brain mitochondria. Moreover, interrogating mitochondrial psychobiological associations in specific neuronal and nonneuronal brain cells with single-nucleus RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed strong cell-type-specific associations for positive psychosocial experiences and mitochondria in glia but opposite associations in neurons. As a result, these "mind-mitochondria" associations were masked in bulk RNA-seq, highlighting the likely underestimation of true psychobiological effect sizes in bulk brain tissues. Thus, self-reported psychosocial experiences are linked to human brain mitochondrial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Trumpff
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Anna S Monzel
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Hans-Ulrich Klein
- Department of Neurology, Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Annie Lee
- Department of Neurology, Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Vladislav A Petyuk
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354
| | - Cheyenne Hurst
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Duc M Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | | | - Aliza P Wingo
- Department of Neurology and Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology and Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Madhav Thambisetty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - David A Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Department of Neurology, Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
| | - Martin Picard
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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Reynaud-Dulaurier R, Clément R, Yjjou S, Cresson C, Saoudi Y, Faideau M, Decressac M. The Blood-Brain Barrier Is Unaffected in the Ndufs4-/- Mouse Model of Leigh Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4828. [PMID: 38732047 PMCID: PMC11084937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a major role in physiological aging and in many pathological conditions. Yet, no study has explored the consequence of primary mitochondrial deficiency on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) structure and function. Addressing this question has major implications for pharmacological and genetic strategies aimed at ameliorating the neurological symptoms that are often predominant in patients suffering from these conditions. In this study, we examined the permeability of the BBB in the Ndufs4-/- mouse model of Leigh syndrome (LS). Our results indicated that the structural and functional integrity of the BBB was preserved in this severe model of mitochondrial disease. Our findings suggests that pharmacological or gene therapy strategies targeting the central nervous system in this mouse model and possibly other models of mitochondrial dysfunction require the use of specific tools to bypass the BBB. In addition, they raise the need for testing the integrity of the BBB in complementary in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Decressac
- Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (R.R.-D.); (R.C.); (S.Y.); (C.C.); (Y.S.); (M.F.)
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3
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Silva DO, Fernandes Júnior GA, Fonseca LFS, Mota LFM, Bresolin T, Carvalheiro R, de Albuquerque LG. Genome-wide association study for stayability at different calvings in Nellore beef cattle. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:93. [PMID: 38254039 PMCID: PMC10804543 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDING Stayability, which may be defined as the probability of a cow remaining in the herd until a reference age or at a specific number of calvings, is usually measured late in the animal's life. Thus, if used as selection criteria, it will increase the generation interval and consequently might decrease the annual genetic gain. Measuring stayability at an earlier age could be a reasonable strategy to avoid this problem. In this sense, a better understanding of the genetic architecture of this trait at different ages and/or at different calvings is important. This study was conducted to identify possible regions with major effects on stayability measured considering different numbers of calvings in Nellore cattle as well as pathways that can be involved in its expression throughout the female's productive life. RESULTS The top 10 most important SNP windows explained, on average, 17.60% of the genetic additive variance for stayability, varying between 13.70% (at the eighth calving) and 21% (at the fifth calving). These SNP windows were located on 17 chromosomes (1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 27, and 28), and they harbored a total of 176 annotated genes. The functional analyses of these genes, in general, indicate that the expression of stayability from the second to the sixth calving is mainly affected by genetic factors related to reproductive performance, and nervous and immune systems. At the seventh and eighth calvings, genes and pathways related to animal health, such as density bone and cancer, might be more relevant. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that part of the target genomic regions in selecting for stayability at earlier ages (from the 2th to the 6th calving) would be different than selecting for this trait at later ages (7th and 8th calvings). While the expression of stayability at earlier ages appeared to be more influenced by genetic factors linked to reproductive performance together with an overall health/immunity, at later ages genetic factors related to an overall animal health gain relevance. These results support that selecting for stayability at earlier ages (perhaps at the second calving) could be applied, having practical implications in breeding programs since it could drastically reduce the generation interval, accelerating the genetic progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Osmar Silva
- Animal Science Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gerardo Alves Fernandes Júnior
- Animal Science Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Fernanda Simielli Fonseca
- Animal Science Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcio Flávio Macedo Mota
- Animal Science Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Bresolin
- Animal Science Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto Carvalheiro
- Animal Science Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque
- Animal Science Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil.
- Present address: Departamento de Zootecnia, Via de acesso Paulo Donato Castellane s/n., São Paulo, Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900, Brazil.
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4
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Olmos-Pastoresa CA, Vázquez-Mendoza E, López-Meraz ML, Pérez-Estudillo CA, Beltran-Parrazal L, Morgado-Valle C. Transgenic rodents as dynamic models for the study of respiratory rhythm generation and modulation: a scoping review and a bibliometric analysis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1295632. [PMID: 38179140 PMCID: PMC10764557 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1295632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The pre-Bötzinger complex, situated in the ventrolateral medulla, serves as the central generator for the inspiratory phase of the respiratory rhythm. Evidence strongly supports its pivotal role in generating, and, in conjunction with the post-inspiratory complex and the lateral parafacial nucleus, in shaping the respiratory rhythm. While there remains an ongoing debate concerning the mechanisms underlying these nuclei's ability to generate and modulate breathing, transgenic rodent models have significantly contributed to our understanding of these processes. However, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding the spectrum of transgenic rodent lines developed for studying respiratory rhythm, and the methodologies employed in these models. In this study, we conducted a scoping review to identify commonly used transgenic rodent lines and techniques for studying respiratory rhythm generation and modulation. Following PRISMA guidelines, we identified relevant papers in PubMed and EBSCO on 29 March 2023, and transgenic lines in Mouse Genome Informatics and the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium. With strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, we identified 80 publications spanning 1997-2022 using 107 rodent lines. Our findings revealed 30 lines focusing on rhythm generation, 61 on modulation, and 16 on both. The primary in vivo method was whole-body plethysmography. The main in vitro method was hypoglossal/phrenic nerve recordings using the en bloc preparation. Additionally, we identified 119 transgenic lines with the potential for investigating the intricate mechanisms underlying respiratory rhythm. Through this review, we provide insights needed to design more effective experiments with transgenic animals to unravel the mechanisms governing respiratory rhythm. The identified transgenic rodent lines and methodological approaches compile current knowledge and guide future research towards filling knowledge gaps in respiratory rhythm generation and modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luis Beltran-Parrazal
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Morgado-Valle
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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5
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Kovács AD, Gonzalez Hernandez JL, Pearce DA. Acidified drinking water improves motor function, prevents tremors and changes disease trajectory in Cln2 R207X mice, a model of late infantile Batten disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19229. [PMID: 37932327 PMCID: PMC10628098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Batten disease is a group of mostly pediatric neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders caused by mutations in the CLN1-14 genes. We have recently shown that acidified drinking water attenuated neuropathological changes and improved motor function in the Cln1R151X and Cln3-/- mouse models of infantile CLN1 and juvenile CLN3 diseases. Here we tested if acidified drinking water has beneficial effects in Cln2R207X mice, a nonsense mutant model of late infantile CLN2 disease. Cln2R207X mice have motor deficits, muscle weakness, develop tremors, and die prematurely between 4 and 6 months of age. Acidified water administered to Cln2R207X male mice from postnatal day 21 significantly improved motor function, restored muscle strength and prevented tremors as measured at 3 months of age. Acidified drinking water also changed disease trajectory, slightly delaying the death of Cln2R207X males and females. The gut microbiota compositions of Cln2R207X and wild-type male mice were markedly different and acidified drinking water significantly altered the gut microbiota of Cln2R207X mice. This suggests that gut bacteria might contribute to the beneficial effects of acidified drinking water. Our study demonstrates that drinking water is a major environmental factor that can alter disease phenotypes and disease progression in rodent disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila D Kovács
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60th Street N., Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
| | - Jose L Gonzalez Hernandez
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - David A Pearce
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E. 60th Street N., Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
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6
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Machuca-Márquez P, Sánchez-Benito L, Menardy F, Urpi A, Girona M, Puighermanal E, Appiah I, Palmiter RD, Sanz E, Quintana A. Vestibular CCK signaling drives motion sickness-like behavior in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304933120. [PMID: 37847729 PMCID: PMC10622874 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304933120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Travel can induce motion sickness (MS) in susceptible individuals. MS is an evolutionary conserved mechanism caused by mismatches between motion-related sensory information and past visual and motion memory, triggering a malaise accompanied by hypolocomotion, hypothermia, hypophagia, and nausea. Vestibular nuclei (VN) are critical for the processing of movement input from the inner ear. Motion-induced activation of VN neurons recapitulates MS-related signs. However, the genetic identity of VN neurons mediating MS-related autonomic and aversive responses remains unknown. Here, we identify a central role of cholecystokinin (CCK)-expressing VN neurons in motion-induced malaise. Moreover, we show that CCK VN inputs onto the parabrachial nucleus activate Calca-expressing neurons and are sufficient to establish avoidance to novel food, which is prevented by CCK-A receptor antagonism. These observations provide greater insight into the neurobiological regulation of MS by identifying the neural substrates of MS and providing potential targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Sánchez-Benito
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Fabien Menardy
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Andrea Urpi
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Mònica Girona
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Emma Puighermanal
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Isabella Appiah
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Richard D. Palmiter
- HHMI, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Albert Quintana
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona08193, Spain
- Focus Area for Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom2520, South Africa
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Manning A, Han V, Stephens A, Wang R, Bush N, Bard M, Ramirez JM, Kalume F. Elevated susceptibility to exogenous seizure triggers and impaired interneuron excitability in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106288. [PMID: 37704057 PMCID: PMC10621616 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone reductase) iron‑sulfur protein 4 (NDUFS4) gene, which encodes for a key structural subunit of the OXFOS complex I (CI), lead to the most common form of mitochondrial disease in children known as Leigh syndrome (LS). As in other mitochondrial diseases, epileptic seizures constitute one of the most significant clinical features of LS. These seizures are often very difficult to treat and are a sign of poor disease prognosis. Mice with whole-body Ndufs4 KO are a well-validated model of LS; they exhibit epilepsy and several other clinical features of LS. We have previously shown that mice with Ndufs4 KO in only GABAergic interneurons (Gad2-Ndufs4-KO) reproduce the severe epilepsy phenotype observed in the global KO mice. This observation indicated that these mice represent an excellent model of LS epilepsy isolated from other clinical manifestations of the disease. To further characterize this epilepsy phenotype, we investigated seizure susceptibility to selected exogenous seizure triggers in Gad2-Ndufs4-KO mice. Then, using electrophysiology, imaging, and immunohistochemistry, we studied the cellular, physiological, and neuroanatomical consequences of Ndufs4 KO in GABAergic interneurons. Homozygous KO of Ndufs4 in GABAergic interneurons leads to a prominent susceptibility to exogenous seizure triggers, impaired interneuron excitability and interneuron loss. Finally, we found that the hippocampus and cortex participate in the generation of seizure activity in Gad2-Ndufs4-KO mice. These findings further define the LS epilepsy phenotype and provide important insights into the cellular mechanisms underlying epilepsy in LS and other mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arena Manning
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Victor Han
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Alexa Stephens
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Rose Wang
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Bush
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Michelle Bard
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jan M Ramirez
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Franck Kalume
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.
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8
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Averina OA, Kuznetsova SA, Permyakov OA, Sergiev PV. Animal Models of Mitochondrial Diseases Associated with Nuclear Gene Mutations. Acta Naturae 2023; 15:4-22. [PMID: 38234606 PMCID: PMC10790356 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.25442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) associated with nuclear gene mutations are part of a large group of inherited diseases caused by the suppression of energy metabolism. These diseases are of particular interest, because nuclear genes encode not only most of the structural proteins of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), but also all the proteins involved in the OXPHOS protein import from the cytoplasm and their assembly in mitochondria. Defects in any of these proteins can lead to functional impairment of the respiratory chain, including dysfunction of complex I that plays a central role in cellular respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, which is the most common cause of mitopathologies. Mitochondrial diseases are characterized by an early age of onset and a progressive course and affect primarily energy-consuming tissues and organs. The treatment of MDs should be initiated as soon as possible, but the diagnosis of mitopathologies is extremely difficult because of their heterogeneity and overlapping clinical features. The molecular pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases is investigated using animal models: i.e. animals carrying mutations causing MD symptoms in humans. The use of mutant animal models opens new opportunities in the study of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, as well as the molecular mechanisms of mitopathology development, which is necessary for improving diagnosis and developing approaches to drug therapy. In this review, we present the most recent information on mitochondrial diseases associated with nuclear gene mutations and animal models developed to investigate them.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. A. Averina
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - S. A. Kuznetsova
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - O. A. Permyakov
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
| | - P. V. Sergiev
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russian Federation
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9
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McCormick EM, Keller K, Taylor JP, Coffey AJ, Shen L, Krotoski D, Harding B, Gai X, Falk MJ, Zolkipli-Cunningham Z, Rahman S. Expert Panel Curation of 113 Primary Mitochondrial Disease Genes for the Leigh Syndrome Spectrum. Ann Neurol 2023; 94:696-712. [PMID: 37255483 PMCID: PMC10763625 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) are heterogeneous disorders caused by inherited mitochondrial dysfunction. Classically defined neuropathologically as subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, Leigh syndrome spectrum (LSS) is the most frequent manifestation of PMD in children, but may also present in adults. A major challenge for accurate diagnosis of LSS in the genomic medicine era is establishing gene-disease relationships (GDRs) for this syndrome with >100 monogenic causes across both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. METHODS The Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Mitochondrial Disease Gene Curation Expert Panel (GCEP), comprising 40 international PMD experts, met monthly for 4 years to review GDRs for LSS. The GCEP standardized gene curation for LSS by refining the phenotypic definition, modifying the ClinGen Gene-Disease Clinical Validity Curation Framework to improve interpretation for LSS, and establishing a scoring rubric for LSS. RESULTS The GDR with LSS across the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes was classified as definitive for 31 of 114 GDRs curated (27%), moderate for 38 (33%), limited for 43 (38%), and disputed for 2 (2%). Ninety genes were associated with autosomal recessive inheritance, 16 were maternally inherited, 5 were autosomal dominant, and 3 were X-linked. INTERPRETATION GDRs for LSS were established for genes across both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Establishing these GDRs will allow accurate variant interpretation, expedite genetic diagnosis of LSS, and facilitate precision medicine, multisystem organ surveillance, recurrence risk counseling, reproductive choice, natural history studies, and determination of eligibility for interventional clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:696-712.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. McCormick
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kierstin Keller
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology, CHOP, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie P. Taylor
- Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alison J. Coffey
- Illumina Clinical Services Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lishuang Shen
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Danuta Krotoski
- IDDB/NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian Harding
- Departments of Pathology and Lab Medicine (Neuropathology), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Xiaowu Gai
- Center for Personalized Medicine, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marni J. Falk
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zarazuela Zolkipli-Cunningham
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shamima Rahman
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, and Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Rosenberg AM, Saggar M, Monzel AS, Devine J, Rogu P, Limoges A, Junker A, Sandi C, Mosharov EV, Dumitriu D, Anacker C, Picard M. Brain mitochondrial diversity and network organization predict anxiety-like behavior in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4726. [PMID: 37563104 PMCID: PMC10415311 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain and behavior are under energetic constraints, limited by mitochondrial energy transformation capacity. However, the mitochondria-behavior relationship has not been systematically studied at a brain-wide scale. Here we examined the association between multiple features of mitochondrial respiratory chain capacity and stress-related behaviors in male mice with diverse behavioral phenotypes. Miniaturized assays of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content were deployed on 571 samples across 17 brain areas, defining specific patterns of mito-behavior associations. By applying multi-slice network analysis to our brain-wide mitochondrial dataset, we identified three large-scale networks of brain areas with shared mitochondrial signatures. A major network composed of cortico-striatal areas exhibited the strongest mitochondria-behavior correlations, accounting for up to 50% of animal-to-animal behavioral differences, suggesting that this mito-based network is functionally significant. The mito-based brain networks also overlapped with regional gene expression and structural connectivity, and exhibited distinct molecular mitochondrial phenotype signatures. This work provides convergent multimodal evidence anchored in enzyme activities, gene expression, and animal behavior that distinct, behaviorally-relevant mitochondrial phenotypes exist across the male mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet M Rosenberg
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manish Saggar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anna S Monzel
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jack Devine
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Rogu
- Columbia University Institute for Developmental Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron Limoges
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex Junker
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Federal de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dani Dumitriu
- Columbia University Institute for Developmental Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christoph Anacker
- Columbia University Institute for Developmental Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Columbia Translational Neuroscience Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Ramirez JM, Carroll MS, Burgraff N, Rand CM, Weese-Mayer DE. A narrative review of the mechanisms and consequences of intermittent hypoxia and the role of advanced analytic techniques in pediatric autonomic disorders. Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:287-300. [PMID: 37326924 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of autonomic functions are typically characterized by disturbances in multiple organ systems. These disturbances are often comorbidities of common and rare diseases, such as epilepsy, sleep apnea, Rett syndrome, congenital heart disease or mitochondrial diseases. Characteristic of many autonomic disorders is the association with intermittent hypoxia and oxidative stress, which can cause or exaggerate a variety of other autonomic dysfunctions, making the treatment and management of these syndromes very complex. In this review we discuss the cellular mechanisms by which intermittent hypoxia can trigger a cascade of molecular, cellular and network events that result in the dysregulation of multiple organ systems. We also describe the importance of computational approaches, artificial intelligence and the analysis of big data to better characterize and recognize the interconnectedness of the various autonomic and non-autonomic symptoms. These techniques can lead to a better understanding of the progression of autonomic disorders, ultimately resulting in better care and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Marino Ramirez
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
| | - Michael S Carroll
- Data Analytics and Reporting, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas Burgraff
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Casey M Rand
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Debra E Weese-Mayer
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Autonomic Medicine, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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12
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Chen B, Daneshgar N, Lee HC, Song LS, Dai DF. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Mediates Bradyarrhythmia in Leigh Syndrome Mitochondrial Disease Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051001. [PMID: 37237867 PMCID: PMC10215409 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress has been implicated in aging and several cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and cardiomyopathy, ventricular tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation. The role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in bradyarrhythmia is less clear. Mice with a germline deletion of Ndufs4 subunit respiratory complex I develop severe mitochondrial encephalomyopathy resembling Leigh Syndrome (LS). Several types of cardiac bradyarrhythmia are present in LS mice, including a frequent sinus node dysfunction and episodic atrioventricular (AV) block. Treatment with the mitochondrial antioxidant Mitotempo or mitochondrial protective peptide SS31 significantly ameliorated the bradyarrhythmia and extended the lifespan of LS mice. Using an ex vivo Langendorff perfused heart with live confocal imaging of mitochondrial and total cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), we showed increased ROS in the LS heart, which was potentiated by ischemia-reperfusion. A simultaneous ECG recording showed a sinus node dysfunction and AV block concurrent with the severity of the oxidative stress. Treatment with Mitotempo abolished ROS and restored the sinus rhythm. Our study reveals robust evidence of the direct mechanistic roles of mitochondrial and total ROS in bradyarrhythmia in the setting of LS mitochondrial cardiomyopathy. Our study also supports the potential clinical application of mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants or SS31 for the treatment of LS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyi Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nastaran Daneshgar
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Dao-Fu Dai
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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13
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Bauer J, Devinsky O, Rothermel M, Koch H. Autonomic dysfunction in epilepsy mouse models with implications for SUDEP research. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1040648. [PMID: 36686527 PMCID: PMC9853197 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1040648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy has a high prevalence and can severely impair quality of life and increase the risk of premature death. Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading cause of death in drug-resistant epilepsy and most often results from respiratory and cardiac impairments due to brainstem dysfunction. Epileptic activity can spread widely, influencing neuronal activity in regions outside the epileptic network. The brainstem controls cardiorespiratory activity and arousal and reciprocally connects to cortical, diencephalic, and spinal cord areas. Epileptic activity can propagate trans-synaptically or via spreading depression (SD) to alter brainstem functions and cause cardiorespiratory dysfunction. The mechanisms by which seizures propagate to or otherwise impair brainstem function and trigger the cascading effects that cause SUDEP are poorly understood. We review insights from mouse models combined with new techniques to understand the pathophysiology of epilepsy and SUDEP. These techniques include in vivo, ex vivo, invasive and non-invasive methods in anesthetized and awake mice. Optogenetics combined with electrophysiological and optical manipulation and recording methods offer unique opportunities to study neuronal mechanisms under normal conditions, during and after non-fatal seizures, and in SUDEP. These combined approaches can advance our understanding of brainstem pathophysiology associated with seizures and SUDEP and may suggest strategies to prevent SUDEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bauer
- Department of Epileptology and Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany,Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, NYU Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Markus Rothermel
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henner Koch
- Department of Epileptology and Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany,*Correspondence: Henner Koch ✉
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14
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Ju Wang JD, Chen M, Zhang C, Parker J, Saneto R, Ramirez JM. Sleep and Breathing Disturbances in Children With Leigh Syndrome: A Comparative Study. Pediatr Neurol 2022; 136:56-63. [PMID: 36137349 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leigh syndrome (LS) is a progressive neurodegenerative mitochondrial disease characterized by necrotizing lesions affecting different parts of the central nervous system, especially in the brainstem and basal ganglia. Lesions in this area may involve respiratory and sleep centers, resulting in the clinically significant disturbances seen-but poorly characterized-in LS. The purpose of the present study is to characterize and compare the physiologic responses to respiratory disturbances quantified by polysomnography metrics of children with LS with age-sex- and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)-matched patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common clinical population with similar burden of sleep-disordered breathing. METHODS Retrospective comparative study of polysomnographic data from six patients with LS were reviewed and compared with 18 age-sex-AHI-matched patients with OSA, with particular attention to cardiorespiratory and sleep architecture metrics. RESULTS Sleep architecture and stage duration were conserved in LS and OSA groups, but increased wake after sleep onset was seen among the first group. The LS group exhibited both obstructive and central sleep apnea. The group also had significantly greater values of heart rate, ≥3% oxygen desaturation index, and lower values of sleep efficiency, respiratory arousal index, and total sleep time when compared with the OSA group. CONCLUSIONS Patients with LS exhibited significantly more sleep-related cardiorespiratory disturbances and sleep fragmentation when compared with neurotypical children with OSA. Given that these findings are plausibly detrimental to health and development, sleep evaluation in patients with similar conditions should be encouraged for early management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Der Ju Wang
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Maida Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Jessica Parker
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Russell Saneto
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jan-Marino Ramirez
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
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15
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Wang L, Yang Z, He X, Pu S, Yang C, Wu Q, Zhou Z, Cen X, Zhao H. Mitochondrial protein dysfunction in pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:974480. [PMID: 36157077 PMCID: PMC9489860 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.974480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles for neuronal function and cell survival. Besides the well-known bioenergetics, additional mitochondrial roles in calcium signaling, lipid biogenesis, regulation of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis are pivotal in diverse cellular processes. The mitochondrial proteome encompasses about 1,500 proteins encoded by both the nuclear DNA and the maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA. Mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome, or combinations of both, can result in mitochondrial protein deficiencies and mitochondrial malfunction. Therefore, mitochondrial quality control by proteins involved in various surveillance mechanisms is critical for neuronal integrity and viability. Abnormal proteins involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, import machinery, ion channels, and mitochondrial DNA maintenance have been linked to the pathogenesis of a number of neurological diseases. The goal of this review is to give an overview of these pathways and to summarize the interconnections between mitochondrial protein dysfunction and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyun Yang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiumei He
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Universities, Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Lucchese G, Vogelgesang A, Boesl F, Raafat D, Holtfreter S, Bröker BM, Stufano A, Fleischmann R, Prüss H, Franke C, Flöel A. Anti-neuronal antibodies against brainstem antigens are associated with COVID-19. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104211. [PMID: 35963198 PMCID: PMC9365397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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17
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Aguilar K, Comes G, Canal C, Quintana A, Sanz E, Hidalgo J. Microglial response promotes neurodegeneration in the Ndufs4 KO mouse model of Leigh syndrome. Glia 2022; 70:2032-2044. [PMID: 35770802 PMCID: PMC9544686 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome is a mitochondrial disease characterized by neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and early death. Mice lacking NDUFS4, a mitochondrial complex I subunit (Ndufs4 KO mice), have been established as a good animal model for studying human pathology associated with Leigh syndrome. As the disease progresses, there is an increase in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, thereby leading to deteriorating neurological symptoms, including motor deficits, breathing alterations, and eventually, death of the animal. However, despite the magnitude of neuroinflammation associated with brain lesions, the role of neuroinflammatory pathways and their main cellular components have not been addressed directly as relevant players in the disease pathology. Here, we investigate the role of microglial cells, the main immune cells of the CNS, in Leigh-like syndrome pathology, by pharmacologically depleting them using the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor antagonist PLX3397. Microglial depletion extended lifespan and delayed motor symptoms in Ndufs4 KO mice, likely by preventing neuronal loss. Next, we investigated the role of the major cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the disease progression. IL-6 deficiency partially rescued breathing abnormalities and modulated gliosis but did not extend the lifespan or rescue motor decline in Ndufs4 KO mice. The present results show that microglial accumulation is pathogenic, in a process independent of IL-6, and hints toward a contributing role of neuroinflammation in the disease of Ndufs4 KO mice and potentially in patients with Leigh syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Aguilar
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Animal Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Comes
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Animal Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Canal
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Animal Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Quintana
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Animal Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Animal Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Hidalgo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Animal Physiology Unit, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Palfi A, Chadderton N, Millington-Ward S, Post I, Humphries P, Kenna PF, Farrar GJ. AAV-PHP.eB transduces both the inner and outer retina with high efficacy in mice. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 25:236-249. [PMID: 35474956 PMCID: PMC9018541 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are one of the main gene delivery vehicles used in retinal gene therapy approaches; however, there is a need to further improve the efficacy, tropism, and safety of these vectors. In this study, using a CMV-EGFP expression cassette, we characterize the retinal utility of AAV-PHP.eB, a serotype recently developed by in vivo directed evolution, which can cross the blood-brain barrier and target neurons with high efficacy in mice. Systemic and intravitreal delivery of AAV-PHP.eB resulted in the high transduction efficacy of retinal ganglion and horizontal cells, with systemic delivery providing pan-retinal coverage of the mouse retina. Subretinal delivery transduced photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium cells robustly. EGFP expression (number of transduced cells and mRNA levels) were similar when the retinas were transduced systemically or intravitreally with AAV-PHP.eB or intravitreally with AAV2/2. Notably, in photoreceptors, EGFP fluorescence intensities and mRNA levels were 50–70 times higher, when subretinal injections with AAV-PHP.eB were compared to AAV2/8. Our results demonstrate the pan-retinal transduction of ganglion cells and extremely efficient transduction of photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium cells as the most valuable features of AAV-PHP.eB in the mouse retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Palfi
- Department of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Naomi Chadderton
- Department of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sophia Millington-Ward
- Department of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Iris Post
- Department of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pete Humphries
- Department of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul F Kenna
- Department of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland.,The Research Foundation, Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, D02 XK51, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Jane Farrar
- Department of Genetics, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland
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19
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Lyu J, Zhao Y, Zhang N, Xu X, Zheng R, Yu W, Xin W, Yan C, Ji K. Bezafibrate Rescues Mitochondrial Encephalopathy in Mice via Induction of Daily Torpor and Hypometabolic State. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:994-1006. [PMID: 35334081 PMCID: PMC9294104 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01216-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) is one of the most common mitochondrial encephalopathy diseases in infants. To date, there is still an absence of effective therapy. Bezafibrate (BEZ), a pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist, ameliorates the phenotype of the mouse model of mitochondrial disease via an unclear mechanism. Here, we applied it to Ndufs4 knockout (KO) mice, a widely used LS animal model, to observe the therapeutic effects and metabolic changes associated with BEZ treatment to explore the therapeutic strategies for mitochondrial diseases. Administration of BEZ significantly enhances survival and attenuates disease progression in Ndufs4 KO mice. Decreased oxidative stress and stunted growth were also observed. As a PPAR agonist, we did not find mitochondrial biogenesis or enhanced metabolism upon BEZ treatment. On the contrary, mice with dietary BEZ showed daily torpor bouts and lower metabolic rates. We speculate that activating energy-saving metabolism in mice may be associated with the therapeutic effects of BEZ, but the exact mechanism of action requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Lyu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xuebi Xu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai District, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology Qilu Hospital, Qingdao of Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wang Xin
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanzhu Yan
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurology Qilu Hospital, Qingdao of Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, Shandong, China
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Kunqian Ji
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No.107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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20
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van de Wal MAE, Adjobo-Hermans MJW, Keijer J, Schirris TJJ, Homberg JR, Wieckowski MR, Grefte S, van Schothorst EM, van Karnebeek C, Quintana A, Koopman WJH. Ndufs4 knockout mouse models of Leigh syndrome: pathophysiology and intervention. Brain 2022. [PMID: 34849584 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab426%jbrain] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are small cellular constituents that generate cellular energy (ATP) by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Dysfunction of these organelles is linked to a heterogeneous group of multisystemic disorders, including diabetes, cancer, ageing-related pathologies and rare mitochondrial diseases. With respect to the latter, mutations in subunit-encoding genes and assembly factors of the first OXPHOS complex (complex I) induce isolated complex I deficiency and Leigh syndrome. This syndrome is an early-onset, often fatal, encephalopathy with a variable clinical presentation and poor prognosis due to the lack of effective intervention strategies. Mutations in the nuclear DNA-encoded NDUFS4 gene, encoding the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 (NDUFS4) of complex I, induce 'mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type 1' (MC1DN1) and Leigh syndrome in paediatric patients. A variety of (tissue-specific) Ndufs4 knockout mouse models were developed to study the Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and intervention testing. Here, we review and discuss the role of complex I and NDUFS4 mutations in human mitochondrial disease, and review how the analysis of Ndufs4 knockout mouse models has generated new insights into the MC1ND1/Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and its therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A E van de Wal
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sander Grefte
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Personalized Medicine Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Emma Personalized Medicine Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Quintana
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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21
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Stokes JC, Bornstein RL, James K, Park KY, Spencer KA, Vo K, Snell JC, Johnson BM, Morgan PG, Sedensky MM, Baertsch NA, Johnson SC. Leukocytes mediate disease pathogenesis in the Ndufs4(KO) mouse model of Leigh syndrome. JCI Insight 2022; 7:156522. [PMID: 35050903 PMCID: PMC8983133 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Symmetric, progressive, necrotizing lesions in the brainstem are a defining feature of Leigh syndrome (LS). A mechanistic understanding of the pathogenesis of these lesions has been elusive. Here, we report that leukocyte proliferation is causally involved in the pathogenesis of LS. Depleting leukocytes with a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor disrupted disease progression, including suppression of CNS lesion formation and a substantial extension of survival. Leukocyte depletion rescued diverse symptoms, including seizures, respiratory center function, hyperlactemia, and neurologic sequelae. These data reveal a mechanistic explanation for the beneficial effects of mTOR inhibition. More importantly, these findings dramatically alter our understanding of the pathogenesis of LS, demonstrating that immune involvement is causal in disease. This work has important implications for the mechanisms of mitochondrial disease and may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Stokes
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Rebecca L Bornstein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Katerina James
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Kyung Yeon Park
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Kira A Spencer
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Katie Vo
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - John C Snell
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Brittany M Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Philip G Morgan
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Margaret M Sedensky
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Nathan A Baertsch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Simon C Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
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22
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Kuo CS, Darmanis S, Diaz de Arce A, Liu Y, Almanzar N, Wu TTH, Quake SR, Krasnow MA. Neuroendocrinology of the lung revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. eLife 2022; 11:78216. [PMID: 36469459 PMCID: PMC9721618 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are sensory epithelial cells that transmit airway status to the brain via sensory neurons and locally via calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and γ- aminobutyric acid (GABA). Several other neuropeptides and neurotransmitters have been detected in various species, but the number, targets, functions, and conservation of PNEC signals are largely unknown. We used scRNAseq to profile hundreds of the rare mouse and human PNECs. This revealed over 40 PNEC neuropeptide and peptide hormone genes, most cells expressing unique combinations of 5-18 genes. Peptides are packaged in separate vesicles, their release presumably regulated by the distinct, multimodal combinations of sensors we show are expressed by each PNEC. Expression of the peptide receptors predicts an array of local cell targets, and we show the new PNEC signal angiotensin directly activates one subtype of innervating sensory neuron. Many signals lack lung targets so may have endocrine activity like those of PNEC-derived carcinoid tumors. PNECs are an extraordinarily rich and diverse signaling hub rivaling the enteroendocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin S Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States,Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Spyros Darmanis
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Alex Diaz de Arce
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Nicole Almanzar
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordUnited States
| | - Timothy Ting-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States,Chan-Zuckerburg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Mark A Krasnow
- Department of Biochemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
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23
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Neuronal ROS-induced glial lipid droplet formation is altered by loss of Alzheimer's disease-associated genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2112095118. [PMID: 34949639 PMCID: PMC8719885 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2112095118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing list of Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic risk factors is being identified, but the contribution of each variant to disease mechanism remains largely unknown. We have previously shown that elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces lipid synthesis in neurons leading to the sequestration of peroxidated lipids in glial lipid droplets (LD), delaying neurotoxicity. This neuron-to-glia lipid transport is APOD/E-dependent. To identify proteins that modulate these neuroprotective effects, we tested the role of AD risk genes in ROS-induced LD formation and demonstrate that several genes impact neuroprotective LD formation, including homologs of human ABCA1, ABCA7, VLDLR, VPS26, VPS35, AP2A, PICALM, and CD2AP Our data also show that ROS enhances Aβ42 phenotypes in flies and mice. Finally, a peptide agonist of ABCA1 restores glial LD formation in a humanized APOE4 fly model, highlighting a potentially therapeutic avenue to prevent ROS-induced neurotoxicity. This study places many AD genetic risk factors in a ROS-induced neuron-to-glia lipid transfer pathway with a critical role in protecting against neurotoxicity.
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24
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van de Wal M, Adjobo-Hermans M, Keijer J, Schirris T, Homberg J, Wieckowski MR, Grefte S, van Schothorst EM, van Karnebeek C, Quintana A, Koopman WJH. Ndufs4 knockout mouse models of Leigh syndrome: pathophysiology and intervention. Brain 2021; 145:45-63. [PMID: 34849584 PMCID: PMC8967107 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are small cellular constituents that generate cellular energy (ATP) by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Dysfunction of these organelles is linked to a heterogeneous group of multisystemic disorders, including diabetes, cancer, ageing-related pathologies and rare mitochondrial diseases. With respect to the latter, mutations in subunit-encoding genes and assembly factors of the first OXPHOS complex (complex I) induce isolated complex I deficiency and Leigh syndrome. This syndrome is an early-onset, often fatal, encephalopathy with a variable clinical presentation and poor prognosis due to the lack of effective intervention strategies. Mutations in the nuclear DNA-encoded NDUFS4 gene, encoding the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 (NDUFS4) of complex I, induce ‘mitochondrial complex I deficiency, nuclear type 1’ (MC1DN1) and Leigh syndrome in paediatric patients. A variety of (tissue-specific) Ndufs4 knockout mouse models were developed to study the Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and intervention testing. Here, we review and discuss the role of complex I and NDUFS4 mutations in human mitochondrial disease, and review how the analysis of Ndufs4 knockout mouse models has generated new insights into the MC1ND1/Leigh syndrome pathomechanism and its therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa van de Wal
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Merel Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry (286), RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sander Grefte
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Quintana
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, RIMLS, RCMM, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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25
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Walker MA, Miranda M, Allred A, Mootha VK. On the dynamic and even reversible nature of Leigh syndrome: Lessons from human imaging and mouse models. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2021; 72:80-90. [PMID: 34656053 PMCID: PMC8901530 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by bilaterally symmetric brainstem or basal ganglia lesions. More than 80 genes, largely impacting mitochondrial energy metabolism, can underlie LS, and no approved medicines exist. Described 70 years ago, LS was initially diagnosed by the characteristic, necrotic lesions on autopsy. It has been broadly assumed that antemortem neuroimaging abnormalities in these regions correspond to end-stage histopathology. However, clinical observations and animal studies suggest that neuroimaging findings may represent an intermediate state, that is more dynamic than previously appreciated, and even reversible. We review this literature, discuss related conditions that are treatable, and present two new LS cases with radiographic improvement. We review studies in which hypoxia reverses advanced LS in a mouse model. The fluctuating and potentially reversible nature of radiographic LS lesions will be important in clinical trial design. Better understanding of this plasticity could lead to new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Walker
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard, MIT, United States; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States.
| | - Maria Miranda
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard, MIT, United States
| | - Amanda Allred
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard, MIT, United States.
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26
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Bakare AB, Lesnefsky EJ, Iyer S. Leigh Syndrome: A Tale of Two Genomes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:693734. [PMID: 34456746 PMCID: PMC8385445 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.693734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Leigh syndrome is a rare, complex, and incurable early onset (typically infant or early childhood) mitochondrial disorder with both phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. The heterogeneous nature of this disorder, based in part on the complexity of mitochondrial genetics, and the significant interactions between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes has made it particularly challenging to research and develop therapies. This review article discusses some of the advances that have been made in the field to date. While the prognosis is poor with no current substantial treatment options, multiple studies are underway to understand the etiology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of Leigh syndrome. With advances in available research tools leading to a better understanding of the mitochondria in health and disease, there is hope for novel treatment options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajibola B. Bakare
- Department of Biological Sciences, J. William Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Edward J. Lesnefsky
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Physiology/Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Shilpa Iyer
- Department of Biological Sciences, J. William Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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27
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Grange RMH, Sharma R, Shah H, Reinstadler B, Goldberger O, Cooper MK, Nakagawa A, Miyazaki Y, Hindle AG, Batten AJ, Wojtkiewicz GR, Schleifer G, Bagchi A, Marutani E, Malhotra R, Bloch DB, Ichinose F, Mootha VK, Zapol WM. Hypoxia ameliorates brain hyperoxia and NAD + deficiency in a murine model of Leigh syndrome. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:83-93. [PMID: 33752971 PMCID: PMC8489256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome is a severe mitochondrial neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment. In the Ndufs4-/- mouse model of Leigh syndrome, continuously breathing 11% O2 (hypoxia) prevents neurodegeneration and leads to a dramatic extension (~5-fold) in lifespan. We investigated the effect of hypoxia on the brain metabolism of Ndufs4-/- mice by studying blood gas tensions and metabolite levels in simultaneously sampled arterial and cerebral internal jugular venous (IJV) blood. Relatively healthy Ndufs4-/- and wildtype (WT) mice breathing air until postnatal age ~38 d were compared to Ndufs4-/- and WT mice breathing air until ~38 days old followed by 4-weeks of breathing 11% O2. Compared to WT control mice, Ndufs4-/- mice breathing air have reduced brain O2 consumption as evidenced by an elevated partial pressure of O2 in IJV blood (PijvO2) despite a normal PO2 in arterial blood, and higher lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratios in IJV plasma revealed by metabolic profiling. In Ndufs4-/- mice, hypoxia treatment normalized the cerebral venous PijvO2 and L/P ratios, and decreased levels of nicotinate in IJV plasma. Brain concentrations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) were lower in Ndufs4-/- mice breathing air than in WT mice, but preserved at WT levels with hypoxia treatment. Although mild hypoxia (17% O2) has been shown to be an ineffective therapy for Ndufs4-/- mice, we find that when combined with nicotinic acid supplementation it provides a modest improvement in neurodegeneration and lifespan. Therapies targeting both brain hyperoxia and NAD+ deficiency may hold promise for treating Leigh syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M H Grange
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hardik Shah
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bryn Reinstadler
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olga Goldberger
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marissa K Cooper
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Akito Nakagawa
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allyson G Hindle
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Annabelle J Batten
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gregory R Wojtkiewicz
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grigorij Schleifer
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aranya Bagchi
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eizo Marutani
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiology Division and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald B Bloch
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Warren M Zapol
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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28
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Terburgh K, Coetzer J, Lindeque JZ, van der Westhuizen FH, Louw R. Aberrant BCAA and glutamate metabolism linked to regional neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166082. [PMID: 33486097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dysfunction of respiratory chain complex I (CI) is the most common form of mitochondrial disease that most often presents as Leigh syndrome (LS) in children - a severe neurometabolic disorder defined by progressive focal lesions in specific brain regions. The mechanisms underlying this region-specific vulnerability to CI deficiency, however, remain elusive. Here, we examined brain regional respiratory chain enzyme activities and metabolic profiles in a mouse model of LS with global CI deficiency to gain insight into regional vulnerability to neurodegeneration. One lesion-resistant and three lesion-prone brain regions were investigated in Ndufs4 knockout (KO) mice at the late stage of LS. Enzyme assays confirmed significantly decreased (60-80%) CI activity in all investigated KO brain regions, with the lesion-resistant region displaying the highest residual CI activity (38% of wild type). A higher residual CI activity, and a less perturbed NADH/NAD+ ratio, correlate with less severe metabolic perturbations in KO brain regions. Moreover, less perturbed BCAA oxidation and increased glutamate oxidation seem to distinguish lesion-resistant from -prone KO brain regions, thereby identifying key areas of metabolism to target in future therapeutic intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Terburgh
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa
| | - Janeé Coetzer
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa
| | - Jeremy Z Lindeque
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa
| | - Francois H van der Westhuizen
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa
| | - Roan Louw
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), South Africa.
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29
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Miller HC, Louw R, Mereis M, Venter G, Boshoff JD, Mienie L, van Reenen M, Venter M, Lindeque JZ, Domínguez-Martínez A, Quintana A, van der Westhuizen FH. Metallothionein 1 Overexpression Does Not Protect Against Mitochondrial Disease Pathology in Ndufs4 Knockout Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:243-262. [PMID: 32918239 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MD), such as Leigh syndrome (LS), present with severe neurological and muscular phenotypes in patients, but have no known cure and limited treatment options. Based on their neuroprotective effects against other neurodegenerative diseases in vivo and their positive impact as an antioxidant against complex I deficiency in vitro, we investigated the potential protective effect of metallothioneins (MTs) in an Ndufs4 knockout mouse model (with a very similar phenotype to LS) crossed with an Mt1 overexpressing mouse model (TgMt1). Despite subtle reductions in the expression of neuroinflammatory markers GFAP and IBA1 in the vestibular nucleus and hippocampus, we found no improvement in survival, growth, locomotor activity, balance, or motor coordination in the Mt1 overexpressing Ndufs4-/- mice. Furthermore, at a cellular level, no differences were detected in the metabolomics profile or gene expression of selected one-carbon metabolism and oxidative stress genes, performed in the brain and quadriceps, nor in the ROS levels of macrophages derived from these mice. Considering these outcomes, we conclude that MT1, in general, does not protect against the impaired motor activity or improve survival in these complex I-deficient mice. The unexpected absence of increased oxidative stress and metabolic redox imbalance in this MD model may explain these observations. However, tissue-specific observations such as the mildly reduced inflammation in the hippocampus and vestibular nucleus, as well as differential MT1 expression in these tissues, may yet reveal a tissue- or cell-specific role for MTs in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Christy Miller
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Roan Louw
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Michelle Mereis
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Gerda Venter
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - John-Drew Boshoff
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Liesel Mienie
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Mari van Reenen
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Marianne Venter
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Jeremie Zander Lindeque
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Adán Domínguez-Martínez
- Institut de Neurociències i Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Quintana
- Institut de Neurociències i Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francois Hendrikus van der Westhuizen
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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Prada-Dacasa P, Urpi A, Sánchez-Benito L, Bianchi P, Quintana A. Measuring Breathing Patterns in Mice Using Whole-body Plethysmography. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3741. [PMID: 33659401 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory dysfunction is among the main cause of severe and fatal pathologies worldwide. The use of effective experimental models and methodologies for the study of the pulmonary pathophysiology is necessary to prevent, control and cure these diseases. Plethysmography, a technique for the assessment of lung function, has been widely applied in mice for the characterization of respiratory physiology. However, classical plethysmography methods present technical limitations such as the use of anesthesia and animal immobilization. Whole-body plethysmography (WBP) avoids these issues providing a non-invasive approach for the assessment of the respiratory function in conscious animals. WBP relies on the recording of pressure changes that are produced by the spontaneous breathing activity of an animal placed inside an airtight chamber. During normal respiration, pressure variation is directly proportional to the respiratory pattern of the animal allowing the measurement of the respiratory rate and tidal volume. These parameters are commonly used to evaluate pulmonary function in different physiological and disease models. In contrast to classical plethysmography methods, WBP technique allows reproducible serial measurements as it avoids animal restraint or the use of anesthesia. These key features rend WBP a suitable approach for longitudinal studies allowing the assessment of progressive respiratory alterations in physiological and pathological conditions. This protocol describes the procedures for the measurement of the breathing patterns in mice using the WBP method, the data analysis and results interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Prada-Dacasa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Andrea Urpi
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Benito
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Patrizia Bianchi
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Albert Quintana
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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McElroy GS, Reczek CR, Reyfman PA, Mithal DS, Horbinski CM, Chandel NS. NAD+ Regeneration Rescues Lifespan, but Not Ataxia, in a Mouse Model of Brain Mitochondrial Complex I Dysfunction. Cell Metab 2020; 32:301-308.e6. [PMID: 32574562 PMCID: PMC7415718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I regenerates NAD+ and proton pumps for TCA cycle function and ATP production, respectively. Mitochondrial complex I dysfunction has been implicated in many brain pathologies including Leigh syndrome and Parkinson's disease. We sought to determine whether NAD+ regeneration or proton pumping, i.e., bioenergetics, is the dominant function of mitochondrial complex I in protection from brain pathology. We generated a mouse that conditionally expresses the yeast NADH dehydrogenase (NDI1), a single enzyme that can replace the NAD+ regeneration capability of the 45-subunit mammalian mitochondrial complex I without proton pumping. NDI1 expression was sufficient to dramatically prolong lifespan without significantly improving motor function in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome driven by the loss of NDUFS4, a subunit of mitochondrial complex I. Therefore, mitochondrial complex I activity in the brain supports organismal survival through its NAD+ regeneration capacity, while optimal motor control requires the bioenergetic function of mitochondrial complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S McElroy
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Colleen R Reczek
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Paul A Reyfman
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Divakar S Mithal
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Pediatric Neurology, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Craig M Horbinski
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Gella A, Prada-Dacasa P, Carrascal M, Urpi A, González-Torres M, Abian J, Sanz E, Quintana A. Mitochondrial Proteome of Affected Glutamatergic Neurons in a Mouse Model of Leigh Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:660. [PMID: 32850799 PMCID: PMC7399339 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in mitochondrial function lead to severe neuromuscular orphan pathologies known as mitochondrial disease. Among them, Leigh Syndrome is the most common pediatric presentation, characterized by symmetrical brain lesions, hypotonia, motor and respiratory deficits, and premature death. Mitochondrial diseases are characterized by a marked anatomical and cellular specificity. However, the molecular determinants for this susceptibility are currently unknown, hindering the efforts to find an effective treatment. Due to the complex crosstalk between mitochondria and their supporting cell, strategies to assess the underlying alterations in affected cell types in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction are critical. Here, we developed a novel virus-based tool, the AAV-mitoTag viral vector, to isolate mitochondria from genetically defined cell types. Expression of the AAV-mitoTag in the glutamatergic vestibular neurons of a mouse model of Leigh Syndrome lacking the complex I subunit Ndufs4 allowed us to assess the proteome and acetylome of a subset of susceptible neurons in a well characterized model recapitulating the human disease. Our results show a marked reduction of complex I N-module subunit abundance and an increase in the levels of the assembly factor NDUFA2. Transiently associated non-mitochondrial proteins such as PKCδ, and the complement subcomponent C1Q were also increased in Ndufs4-deficient mitochondria. Furthermore, lack of Ndufs4 induced ATP synthase complex and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) subunit hyperacetylation, leading to decreased PDH activity. We provide novel insight on the pathways involved in mitochondrial disease, which could underlie potential therapeutic approaches for these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gella
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Patricia Prada-Dacasa
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Montserrat Carrascal
- Proteomics Laboratory CSIC/UAB, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC/IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Urpi
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Melania González-Torres
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joaquin Abian
- Proteomics Laboratory CSIC/UAB, Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish National Research Council (IIBB-CSIC/IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Albert Quintana
- Mitochondrial Neuropathology Lab, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Johnson SC, Kayser EB, Bornstein R, Stokes J, Bitto A, Park KY, Pan A, Sun G, Raftery D, Kaeberlein M, Sedensky MM, Morgan PG. Regional metabolic signatures in the Ndufs4(KO) mouse brain implicate defective glutamate/α-ketoglutarate metabolism in mitochondrial disease. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 130:118-132. [PMID: 32331968 PMCID: PMC7272141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Leigh Syndrome (LS) is a mitochondrial disorder defined by progressive focal neurodegenerative lesions in specific regions of the brain. Defects in NDUFS4, a subunit of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, cause LS in humans; the Ndufs4 knockout mouse (Ndufs4(KO)) closely resembles the human disease. Here, we probed brain region-specific molecular signatures in pre-symptomatic Ndufs4(KO) to identify factors which underlie focal neurodegeneration. Metabolomics revealed that free amino acid concentrations are broadly different by region, and glucose metabolites are increased in a manner dependent on both region and genotype. We then tested the impact of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, which dramatically attenuates LS in Ndufs4(KO), on region specific metabolism. Our data revealed that loss of Ndufs4 drives pathogenic changes to CNS glutamine/glutamate/α-ketoglutarate metabolism which are rescued by mTOR inhibition Finally, restriction of the Ndufs4 deletion to pre-synaptic glutamatergic neurons recapitulated the whole-body knockout. Together, our findings are consistent with mTOR inhibition alleviating disease by increasing availability of α-ketoglutarate, which is both an efficient mitochondrial complex I substrate in Ndufs4(KO) and an important metabolite related to neurotransmitter metabolism in glutamatergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Ernst-Bernhard Kayser
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rebecca Bornstein
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Julia Stokes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Alessandro Bitto
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Kyung Yeon Park
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Amanda Pan
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Grace Sun
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, United States
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Margaret M Sedensky
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Philip G Morgan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
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Reynaud-Dulaurier R, Benegiamo G, Marrocco E, Al-Tannir R, Surace EM, Auwerx J, Decressac M. Gene replacement therapy provides benefit in an adult mouse model of Leigh syndrome. Brain 2020; 143:1686-1696. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Mutations in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes are responsible for a broad spectrum of disorders among which Leigh syndrome is the most common in infancy. No effective therapies are available for this severe disease mainly because of the limited capabilities of the standard adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors to transduce both peripheral organs and the CNS when injected systemically in adults. Here, we used the brain-penetrating AAV-PHP.B vector to reinstate gene expression in the Ndufs4 knockout mouse model of Leigh syndrome. Intravenous delivery of an AAV.PHP.B-Ndufs4 vector in 1-month-old knockout mice restored mitochondrial complex I activity in several organs including the CNS. This gene replacement strategy extended lifespan, rescued metabolic parameters, provided behavioural improvement, and corrected the pathological phenotype in the brain, retina, and heart of Ndufs4 knockout mice. These results provide a robust proof that gene therapy strategies targeting multiple organs can rescue fatal neurometabolic disorders with CNS involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Reynaud-Dulaurier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Giorgia Benegiamo
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena Marrocco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Racha Al-Tannir
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Enrico Maria Surace
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Decressac
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory pacemaker neurons. Autoimmun Rev 2020; 19:102556. [PMID: 32361194 PMCID: PMC7252083 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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36
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Galera-Monge T, Zurita-Díaz F, Canals I, Grønning Hansen M, Rufián-Vázquez L, Ehinger JK, Elmér E, Martin MA, Garesse R, Ahlenius H, Gallardo ME. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Calcium Dysregulation in Leigh Syndrome Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093191. [PMID: 32366037 PMCID: PMC7247580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) is the most frequent infantile mitochondrial disorder (MD) and is characterized by neurodegeneration and astrogliosis in the basal ganglia or the brain stem. At present, there is no cure or treatment for this disease, partly due to scarcity of LS models. Current models generally fail to recapitulate important traits of the disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new human in vitro models. Establishment of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) followed by differentiation into neurons is a powerful tool to obtain an in vitro model for LS. Here, we describe the generation and characterization of iPSCs, neural stem cells (NSCs) and iPSC-derived neurons harboring the mtDNA mutation m.13513G>A in heteroplasmy. We have performed mitochondrial characterization, analysis of electrophysiological properties and calcium imaging of LS neurons. Here, we show a clearly compromised oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) function in LS patient neurons. This is also the first report of electrophysiological studies performed on iPSC-derived neurons harboring an mtDNA mutation, which revealed that, in spite of having identical electrical properties, diseased neurons manifested mitochondrial dysfunction together with a diminished calcium buffering capacity. This could lead to an overload of cytoplasmic calcium concentration and the consequent cell death observed in patients. Importantly, our results highlight the importance of calcium homeostasis in LS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Galera-Monge
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (F.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
- Departamento de Modelos Experimentales de Enfermedades Humanas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (M.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Zurita-Díaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (F.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
- Departamento de Modelos Experimentales de Enfermedades Humanas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (M.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Canals
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (I.C.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Marita Grønning Hansen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (I.C.); (M.G.H.)
| | - Laura Rufián-Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (M.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de enfermedades mitocondriales y Neurometabólicas, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Johannes K. Ehinger
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, BMC A13, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (J.K.E.); (E.E.)
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, BMC A13, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (J.K.E.); (E.E.)
| | - Miguel A. Martin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (M.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de enfermedades mitocondriales y Neurometabólicas, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Garesse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (F.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
- Departamento de Modelos Experimentales de Enfermedades Humanas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Henrik Ahlenius
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (I.C.); (M.G.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (M.E.G.)
| | - M. Esther Gallardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (T.G.-M.); (F.Z.-D.); (R.G.)
- Departamento de Modelos Experimentales de Enfermedades Humanas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-V.); (M.A.M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Traslacional con células iPS. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.A.); (M.E.G.)
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Menacho C, Prigione A. Tackling mitochondrial diversity in brain function: from animal models to human brain organoids. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 123:105760. [PMID: 32339638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria exhibit high degree of heterogeneity within various tissues, including differences in terms of morphology, quantity, or function. Mitochondria can even vary among distinct sub-compartments of the same cell. Emerging evidence suggest that the molecular diversity of mitochondria can influence the identity and functionality of a given cell type. Human pathologies affecting mitochondria typically cause tissue and cell-type-specific impairment. Mitochondrial diversity could thus play a contributing role not only in physiological cell fate specification but also during pathological disease development. In this review, we discuss the role of mitochondrial diversity in brain function during health and disease. Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) research and the derivation of cerebral organoids could provide novel opportunities to unveil the role of mitochondrial heterogeneity for the function of the human brain. Mitochondrial diversity might be at the bases of the cell-type-specific vulnerability of mitochondrial disorders and may represent an underappreciated target of disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Menacho
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alessandro Prigione
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.
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38
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Adjobo-Hermans MJW, de Haas R, Willems PHGM, Wojtala A, van Emst-de Vries SE, Wagenaars JA, van den Brand M, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Nijtmans LG, Sazanov LA, Wieckowski MR, Koopman WJH. NDUFS4 deletion triggers loss of NDUFA12 in Ndufs4 -/- mice and Leigh syndrome patients: A stabilizing role for NDUFAF2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148213. [PMID: 32335026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in NDUFS4, which encodes an accessory subunit of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex I (CI), induce Leigh syndrome (LS). LS is a poorly understood pediatric disorder featuring brain-specific anomalies and early death. To study the LS pathomechanism, we here compared OXPHOS proteomes between various Ndufs4-/- mouse tissues. Ndufs4-/- animals displayed significantly lower CI subunit levels in brain/diaphragm relative to other tissues (liver/heart/kidney/skeletal muscle), whereas other OXPHOS subunit levels were not reduced. Absence of NDUFS4 induced near complete absence of the NDUFA12 accessory subunit, a 50% reduction in other CI subunit levels, and an increase in specific CI assembly factors. Among the latter, NDUFAF2 was most highly increased. Regarding NDUFS4, NDUFA12 and NDUFAF2, identical results were obtained in Ndufs4-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and NDUFS4-mutated LS patient cells. Ndufs4-/- MEFs contained active CI in situ but blue-native-PAGE highlighted that NDUFAF2 attached to an inactive CI subcomplex (CI-830) and inactive assemblies of higher MW. In NDUFA12-mutated LS patient cells, NDUFA12 absence did not reduce NDUFS4 levels but triggered NDUFAF2 association to active CI. BN-PAGE revealed no such association in LS patient fibroblasts with mutations in other CI subunit-encoding genes where NDUFAF2 was attached to CI-830 (NDUFS1, NDUFV1 mutation) or not detected (NDUFS7 mutation). Supported by enzymological and CI in silico structural analysis, we conclude that absence of NDUFS4 induces near complete absence of NDUFA12 but not vice versa, and that NDUFAF2 stabilizes active CI in Ndufs4-/- mice and LS patient cells, perhaps in concert with mitochondrial inner membrane lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel J W Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sjenet E van Emst-de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jori A Wagenaars
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariel van den Brand
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo G Nijtmans
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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39
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Frambach SJCM, van de Wal MAE, van den Broek PHH, Smeitink JAM, Russel FGM, de Haas R, Schirris TJJ. Effects of clofibrate and KH176 on life span and motor function in mitochondrial complex I-deficient mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165727. [PMID: 32070771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (CI), the first multiprotein enzyme complex of the OXPHOS system, executes a major role in cellular ATP generation. Consequently, dysfunction of this complex has been linked to inherited metabolic disorders, including Leigh disease (LD), an often fatal disease in early life. Development of clinical effective treatments for LD remains challenging due to the complex pathophysiological nature. Treatment with the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist bezafibrate improved disease phenotype in several mitochondrial disease mouse models mediated via enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation. However, the therapeutic potential of this mixed PPAR (α, δ/β, γ) agonist is severely hampered by hepatotoxicity, which is possibly caused by activation of PPARγ. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of the PPARα-specific fibrate clofibrate in mitochondrial CI-deficient (Ndufs4-/-) mice. Clofibrate increased lifespan and motor function of Ndufs4-/- mice, while only marginal hepatotoxic effects were observed. Due to the complex clinical and cellular phenotype of CI-deficiency, we also aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of clofibrate combined with the redox modulator KH176. As described previously, single treatment with KH176 was beneficial, however, combining clofibrate with KH176 did not result in an additive effect on disease phenotype in Ndufs4-/- mice. Overall, both drugs have promising, but independent and nonadditive, properties for the pharmacological treatment of CI-deficiency-related mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne J C M Frambach
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Melissa A E van de Wal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Petra H H van den Broek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
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40
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Al Khazal F, Holte MN, Bolon B, White TA, LeBrasseur N, Maher LJ. A conditional mouse model of complex II deficiency manifesting as Leigh-like syndrome. FASEB J 2019; 33:13189-13201. [PMID: 31469588 PMCID: PMC6894089 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802655rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome embodies degenerative disorders with a collection of symptoms secondary to inborn errors of metabolism. Combinations of hypomorphic and loss-of-function alleles in many genes have been shown to result in Leigh syndrome. Interestingly, deficiency for the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) can lead to Leigh-like syndrome in some circumstances and to cancer (paraganglioma, renal cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor) in others. In our experiments originally intended to create an inducible whole-body SDH-loss mouse model of tumorigenesis, we generated a condition reminiscent of Leigh-like syndrome that is lethal to mice within 4 wk. Remarkably, as has been shown for other mitochondrial diseases, chronic hypoxia offers substantial protection to mice from this condition after systemic SDH loss, allowing survival in the context of profoundly impaired oxidative metabolism.-Al Khazal, F., Holte, M. N., Bolon, B., White, T. A., LeBrasseur, N., Maher, L. J. III. A conditional mouse model of complex II deficiency manifesting as Leigh-like syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Al Khazal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Molly Nelson Holte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Thomas A. White
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathan LeBrasseur
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - L. James Maher
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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41
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Bolea I, Gella A, Sanz E, Prada-Dacasa P, Menardy F, Bard AM, Machuca-Márquez P, Eraso-Pichot A, Mòdol-Caballero G, Navarro X, Kalume F, Quintana A. Defined neuronal populations drive fatal phenotype in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome. eLife 2019; 8:47163. [PMID: 31403401 PMCID: PMC6731060 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial deficits in energy production cause untreatable and fatal pathologies known as mitochondrial disease (MD). Central nervous system affectation is critical in Leigh Syndrome (LS), a common MD presentation, leading to motor and respiratory deficits, seizures and premature death. However, only specific neuronal populations are affected. Furthermore, their molecular identity and their contribution to the disease remains unknown. Here, using a mouse model of LS lacking the mitochondrial complex I subunit Ndufs4, we dissect the critical role of genetically-defined neuronal populations in LS progression. Ndufs4 inactivation in Vglut2-expressing glutamatergic neurons leads to decreased neuronal firing, brainstem inflammation, motor and respiratory deficits, and early death. In contrast, Ndufs4 deletion in GABAergic neurons causes basal ganglia inflammation without motor or respiratory involvement, but accompanied by hypothermia and severe epileptic seizures preceding death. These results provide novel insight in the cell type-specific contribution to the pathology, dissecting the underlying cellular mechanisms of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bolea
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gella
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Elisenda Sanz
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Patricia Prada-Dacasa
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fabien Menardy
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Angela M Bard
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Abel Eraso-Pichot
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Guillem Mòdol-Caballero
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Franck Kalume
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Albert Quintana
- Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
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42
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Zhuang J, Zang N, Ye C, Xu F. Lethal avian influenza A (H5N1) virus replicates in pontomedullary chemosensitive neurons and depresses hypercapnic ventilatory response in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L525-L536. [PMID: 30628490 PMCID: PMC6459289 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00324.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly pathogenic H5N1 (HK483) viral infection causes a depressed hypercapnic ventilatory response (dHCVR, 20%↓) at 2 days postinfection (dpi) and death at 7 dpi in mice, but the relevant mechanisms are not fully understood. Glomus cells in the carotid body and catecholaminergic neurons in locus coeruleus (LC), neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R)-expressing neurons in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), and serotonergic neurons in the raphe are chemosensitive and responsible for HCVR. We asked whether the dHCVR became worse over the infection period with viral replication in these cells/neurons. Mice intranasally inoculated with saline or the HK483 virus were exposed to hypercapnia for 5 min at 0, 2, 4, or 6 dpi, followed by immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of nucleoprotein of H5N1 influenza A (NP) alone and coupled with 1) tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the carotid body and LC, 2) NK1R in the RTN, and 3) tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in the raphe. HK483 viral infection blunted HCVR by ∼20, 50, and 65% at 2, 4, and 6 dpi. The NP was observed in the pontomedullary respiratory-related nuclei (but not in the carotid body) at 4 and 6 dpi, especially in 20% of RTN NK1R, 35% of LC TH, and ∼10% raphe TPH neurons. The infection significantly reduced the local NK1R or TPH immunoreactivity and population of neurons expressing NK1R or TPH. We conclude that the HK483 virus infects the pontomedullary respiratory nuclei, particularly chemosensitive neurons in the RTN, LC, and raphe, contributing to the severe depression of HCVR and respiratory failure at 6 dpi. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The H5N1 virus infection is lethal due to respiratory failure, but the relevant mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated a gradual diminution of hypercapnic ventilatory response to a degree, leading to respiratory failure over a 6-day infection. Death was associated with viral replication in the pontomedullary respiratory-related nuclei, especially the central chemosensitive neurons. These results not only provide insight into the mechanisms of the lethality of H5N1 viral infection but also offer clues in the development of corresponding treatments to minimize and prevent respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhuang
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Na Zang
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Chunyan Ye
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Fadi Xu
- Pathophysiology Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque, New Mexico
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43
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Salama M, El-Desouky S, Alsayed A, El-Hussiny M, Moustafa A, Taalab Y, Mohamed W. FOXRED1 silencing in mice: a possible animal model for Leigh syndrome. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:367-372. [PMID: 30392038 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Leigh syndrome (LS) is one of the most puzzling mitochondrial disorders, which is also known as subacute necrotizing encephalopathy. It has an incidence of 1 in 77,000 live births worldwide with poor prognosis. Currently, there is a poor understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease without any available effective treatment. Hence, the inevitability for developing suitable animal and cellular models needed for the development of successful new therapeutic modalities. In this short report, we blocked FOXRED1 gene with small interfering RNA (siRNA) using C57bl/6 mice. Results showed neurobehavioral changes in the injected mice along with parallel degeneration in corpus striatum and sparing of the substantia nigra similar to what happen in Leigh syndrome cases. FOXRED1 blockage could serve as a new animal model for Leigh syndrome due to defective CI, which echoes damage to corpus striatum and affection of the central dopaminergic system in this disease. Further preclinical studies are required to validate this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salama
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Sara El-Desouky
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Aziza Alsayed
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Hussiny
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Moustafa
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen Taalab
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wael Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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44
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Liang KJ, Carlson ES. Resistance, vulnerability and resilience: A review of the cognitive cerebellum in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 170:106981. [PMID: 30630042 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the context of neurodegeneration and aging, the cerebellum is an enigma. Genetic markers of cellular aging in cerebellum accumulate more slowly than in the rest of the brain, and it generates unknown factors that may slow or even reverse neurodegenerative pathology in animal models of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Cerebellum shows increased activity in early AD and Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting a compensatory function that may mitigate early symptoms of neurodegenerative pathophysiology. Perhaps most notably, different parts of the brain accumulate neuropathological markers of AD in a recognized progression and generally, cerebellum is the last brain region to do so. Taken together, these data suggest that cerebellum may be resistant to certain neurodegenerative mechanisms. On the other hand, in some contexts of accelerated neurodegeneration, such as that seen in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) following repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI), the cerebellum appears to be one of the most susceptible brain regions to injury and one of the first to exhibit signs of pathology. Cerebellar pathology in neurodegenerative disorders is strongly associated with cognitive dysfunction. In neurodegenerative or neurological disorders associated with cerebellar pathology, such as spinocerebellar ataxia, cerebellar cortical atrophy, and essential tremor, rates of cognitive dysfunction, dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms increase. When the cerebellum shows AD pathology, such as in familial AD, it is associated with earlier onset and greater severity of disease. These data suggest that when neurodegenerative processes are active in the cerebellum, it may contribute to pathological behavioral outcomes. The cerebellum is well known for comparing internal representations of information with observed outcomes and providing real-time feedback to cortical regions, a critical function that is disturbed in neuropsychiatric disorders such as intellectual disability, schizophrenia, dementia, and autism, and required for cognitive domains such as working memory. While cerebellum has reciprocal connections with non-motor brain regions and likely plays a role in complex, goal-directed behaviors, it has proven difficult to establish what it does mechanistically to modulate these behaviors. Due to this lack of understanding, it's not surprising to see the cerebellum reflexively dismissed or even ignored in basic and translational neuropsychiatric literature. The overarching goals of this review are to answer the following questions from primary literature: When the cerebellum is affected by pathology, is it associated with decreased cognitive function? When it is intact, does it play a compensatory or protective role in maintaining cognitive function? Are there theoretical frameworks for understanding the role of cerebellum in cognition, and perhaps, illnesses characterized by cognitive dysfunction? Understanding the role of the cognitive cerebellum in neurodegenerative diseases has the potential to offer insight into origins of cognitive deficits in other neuropsychiatric disorders, which are often underappreciated, poorly understood, and not often treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J Liang
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Erik S Carlson
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.
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45
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Schleifer G, Marutani E, Ferrari M, Sharma R, Skinner O, Goldberger O, Grange RMH, Peneyra K, Malhotra R, Wepler M, Ichinose F, Bloch DB, Mootha VK, Zapol WM. Impaired hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 316:L391-L399. [PMID: 30520688 PMCID: PMC6397345 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00419.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a physiological vasomotor response that maintains systemic oxygenation by matching perfusion to ventilation during alveolar hypoxia. Although mitochondria appear to play an essential role in HPV, the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on HPV remains incompletely defined. Mice lacking the mitochondrial complex I (CI) subunit Ndufs4 ( Ndufs4-/-) develop a fatal progressive encephalopathy and serve as a model for Leigh syndrome, the most common mitochondrial disease in children. Breathing normobaric 11% O2 prevents neurological disease and improves survival in Ndufs4-/- mice. In this study, we found that either genetic Ndufs4 deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of CI using piericidin A impaired the ability of left mainstem bronchus occlusion (LMBO) to induce HPV. In mice breathing air, the partial pressure of arterial oxygen during LMBO was lower in Ndufs4-/- and in piericidin A-treated Ndufs4+/+ mice than in respective controls. Impairment of HPV in Ndufs4-/- mice was not a result of nonspecific dysfunction of the pulmonary vascular contractile apparatus or pulmonary inflammation. In Ndufs4-deficient mice, 3 wk of breathing 11% O2 restored HPV in response to LMBO. When compared with Ndufs4-/- mice breathing air, chronic hypoxia improved systemic oxygenation during LMBO. The results of this study show that, when breathing air, mice with a congenital Ndufs4 deficiency or chemically inhibited CI function have impaired HPV. Our study raises the possibility that patients with inborn errors of mitochondrial function may also have defects in HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorij Schleifer
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eizo Marutani
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michele Ferrari
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Owen Skinner
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Olga Goldberger
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Matthew Henry Grange
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn Peneyra
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiology Division and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martin Wepler
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Institut für Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung , Ulm , Germany
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald B Bloch
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vamsi K Mootha
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Warren M Zapol
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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46
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Ramirez JM, Severs LJ, Ramirez SC, Agosto‐Marlin IM. Advances in cellular and integrative control of oxygen homeostasis within the central nervous system. J Physiol 2018; 596:3043-3065. [PMID: 29742297 PMCID: PMC6068258 DOI: 10.1113/jp275890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals must continuously regulate the levels of O2 and CO2 , which is particularly important for the brain. Failure to maintain adequate O2 /CO2 homeostasis has been associated with numerous disorders including sleep apnoea, Rett syndrome and sudden infant death syndrome. But, O2 /CO2 homeostasis poses major regulatory challenges, even in the healthy brain. Neuronal activities change in a differentiated, spatially and temporally complex manner, which is reflected in equally complex changes in O2 demand. This raises important questions: is oxygen sensing an emergent property, locally generated within all active neuronal networks, and/or the property of specialized O2 -sensitive CNS regions? Increasing evidence suggests that the regulation of the brain's redox state involves properties that are intrinsic to many networks, but that specialized regions in the brainstem orchestrate the integrated control of respiratory and cardiovascular functions. Although the levels of O2 in arterial blood and the CNS are very different, neuro-glial interactions and purinergic signalling are critical for both peripheral and CNS chemosensation. Indeed, the specificity of neuroglial interactions seems to determine the differential responses to O2 , CO2 and the changes in pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Marino Ramirez
- Center for Integrative Brain ResearchSeattle Children's Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Liza J. Severs
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Sanja C. Ramirez
- Center for Integrative Brain ResearchSeattle Children's Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
| | - Ibis M. Agosto‐Marlin
- Center for Integrative Brain ResearchSeattle Children's Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA
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47
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Spinelli J, Byard RW, Van Den Heuvel C, Collins-Praino LE. Medullary Astrogliosis in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Varies With Sleeping Environment: Evidence for Different Mechanisms of Death in Alone Versus Co-sleepers? J Child Neurol 2018; 33:269-274. [PMID: 29357731 DOI: 10.1177/0883073817750498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sudden infant death syndrome remains the leading cause of death in infants under 1 year, and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood. The current study investigated the hypothesis that co-sleepers die more rapidly from causes such as suffocation from overlaying by comparing levels of reactive astrogliosis in the medulla of infants who died sleeping alone to those who died co-sleeping. The amount of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining in alone sleepers was significantly higher than shared sleepers in 3 specific areas of the medulla, the inferior vestibular nucleus, the medial vestibular nucleus and the cochlear nucleus. Given that glial fibrillary acidic protein elevations follow a delayed time course, this suggests that death in co-sleepers was more rapid, not allowing for reactive gliosis to occur. This provides evidence of pathological differences in mechanisms of death in infants who are classified as having died from sudden infant death syndrome, suggesting potential need for refinement of categorization of these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Spinelli
- 1 Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Roger W Byard
- 1 Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Corinna Van Den Heuvel
- 1 Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lyndsey E Collins-Praino
- 1 Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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48
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Wang A, Mouser J, Pitt J, Promislow D, Kaeberlein M. Rapamycin enhances survival in a Drosophila model of mitochondrial disease. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80131-80139. [PMID: 27741510 PMCID: PMC5348310 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric mitochondrial disorders are a devastating category of diseases caused by deficiencies in mitochondrial function. Leigh Syndrome (LS) is the most common of these diseases with symptoms typically appearing within the first year of birth and progressing rapidly until death, usually by 6-7 years of age. Our lab has recently shown that genetic inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (TOR) rescues the short lifespan of yeast mutants with defective mitochondrial function, and that pharmacological inhibition of TOR by administration of rapamycin significantly rescues the shortened lifespan, neurological symptoms, and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of LS. However, the mechanism by which TOR inhibition exerts these effects, and the extent to which these effects can extend to other models of mitochondrial deficiency, are unknown. Here, we probe the effects of TOR inhibition in a Drosophila model of complex I deficiency. Treatment with rapamycin robustly suppresses the lifespan defect in this model of LS, without affecting behavioral phenotypes. Interestingly, this increased lifespan in response to TOR inhibition occurs in an autophagy-independent manner. Further, we identify a fat storage defect in the ND2 mutant flies that is rescued by rapamycin, supporting a model that rapamycin exerts its effects on mitochondrial disease in these animals by altering metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Wang
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jacob Mouser
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jason Pitt
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Promislow
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA.,University of Washington, Department of Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- University of Washington, Department of Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA
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Chen L, Cui Y, Jiang D, Ma C, Tse HF, Hwu WL, Lian Q. Management of Leigh syndrome: Current status and new insights. Clin Genet 2018; 93:1131-1140. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Chen
- Department of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Research and Innovation; The University of Hong Kong; P. R. China
| | - Y. Cui
- Department of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Research and Innovation; The University of Hong Kong; P. R. China
| | - D. Jiang
- Department of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Research and Innovation; The University of Hong Kong; P. R. China
| | - C.Y. Ma
- Department of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Research and Innovation; The University of Hong Kong; P. R. China
| | - H.-F. Tse
- Department of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Research and Innovation; The University of Hong Kong; P. R. China
| | - W.-L. Hwu
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics; National Taiwan University Hospital; Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Q. Lian
- Department of Medicine; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institutes of Research and Innovation; The University of Hong Kong; P. R. China
- School of Biomedical Sciences; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR P. R. China
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An Essential Postdevelopmental Role for Lis1 in Mice. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0350-17. [PMID: 29404402 PMCID: PMC5797476 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0350-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
LIS1 mutations cause lissencephaly (LIS), a severe developmental brain malformation. Much less is known about its role in the mature nervous system. LIS1 regulates the microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein 1 (dynein), and as LIS1 and dynein are both expressed in the adult nervous system, Lis1 could potentially regulate dynein-dependent processes such as axonal transport. We therefore knocked out Lis1 in adult mice using tamoxifen-induced, Cre-ER-mediated recombination. When an actin promoter was used to drive Cre-ER expression (Act-Cre-ER), heterozygous Lis1 knockout (KO) caused no obvious change in viability or behavior, despite evidence of widespread recombination by a Cre reporter three weeks after tamoxifen exposure. In contrast, homozygous Lis1 KO caused the rapid onset of neurological symptoms in both male and female mice. One tamoxifen-dosing regimen caused prominent recombination in the midbrain/hindbrain, PNS, and cardiac/skeletal muscle within a week; these mice developed severe symptoms in that time frame and were killed. A different tamoxifen regimen resulted in delayed recombination in midbrain/hindbrain, but not in other tissues, and also delayed the onset of symptoms. This indicates that Lis1 loss in the midbrain/hindbrain causes the severe phenotype. In support of this, brainstem regions known to house cardiorespiratory centers showed signs of axonal dysfunction in KO animals. Transport defects, neurofilament (NF) alterations, and varicosities were observed in axons in cultured DRG neurons from KO animals. Because no symptoms were observed when a cardiac specific Cre-ER promoter was used, we propose a vital role for Lis1 in autonomic neurons and implicate defective axonal transport in the KO phenotype.
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