1
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Parag RR, Yamamoto T, Saito K, Zhu D, Yang L, Van Meir EG. Novel Isoforms of Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor B1 (ADGRB1/BAI1) Generated from an Alternative Promoter in Intron 17. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04293-3. [PMID: 38941066 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) belongs to the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors, which exhibit large multi-domain extracellular N termini that mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. To explore the existence of BAI1 isoforms, we queried genomic datasets for markers of active chromatin and new transcript variants in the ADGRB1 (adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor B1) gene. Two major types of mRNAs were identified in human/mouse brain, those with a start codon in exon 2 encoding a full-length protein of a predicted size of 173.5/173.3 kDa and shorter transcripts starting from alternative exons at the intron 17/exon 18 boundary with new or exon 19 start codons, predicting two shorter isoforms of 76.9/76.4 and 70.8/70.5 kDa, respectively. Immunoblots on wild-type and Adgrb1 exon 2-deleted mice, reverse transcription PCR, and promoter-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the shorter isoforms originate from an alternative promoter in intron 17. The shorter BAI1 isoforms lack most of the N terminus and are very close in structure to the truncated BAI1 isoform generated through GPS processing from the full-length receptor. The cleaved BAI1 isoform has a 19 amino acid extracellular stalk that may serve as a receptor agonist, while the alternative transcripts generate BAI1 isoforms with extracellular N termini of 5 or 60 amino acids. Further studies are warranted to compare the functions of these isoforms and examine the distinct roles they play in different tissues and cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashed Rezwan Parag
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), WTI 520E, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- Graduate Biomedical Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), WTI 520E, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), WTI 520E, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Liquan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erwin G Van Meir
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), WTI 520E, 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA.
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2
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Matúš D, Lopez JM, Sando RC, Südhof TC. Essential Role of Latrophilin-1 Adhesion GPCR Nanoclusters in Inhibitory Synapses. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1978232024. [PMID: 38684366 PMCID: PMC11154861 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1978-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Latrophilin-1 (Lphn1, aka CIRL1 and CL1; gene symbol Adgrl1) is an adhesion GPCR that has been implicated in excitatory synaptic transmission as a candidate receptor for α-latrotoxin. Here we analyzed conditional knock-in/knock-out mice for Lphn1 that contain an extracellular myc epitope tag. Mice of both sexes were used in all experiments. Surprisingly, we found that Lphn1 is localized in cultured neurons to synaptic nanoclusters that are present in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Conditional deletion of Lphn1 in cultured neurons failed to elicit a detectable impairment in excitatory synapses but produced a decrease in inhibitory synapse numbers and synaptic transmission that was most pronounced for synapses close to the neuronal soma. No changes in axonal or dendritic outgrowth or branching were observed. Our data indicate that Lphn1 is among the few postsynaptic adhesion molecules that are present in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses and that Lphn1 by itself is not essential for excitatory synaptic transmission but is required for some inhibitory synaptic connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Matúš
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Jaybree M Lopez
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240
| | - Richard C Sando
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
- Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305
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3
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Wahbeh MH, Boyd RJ, Yovo C, Rike B, McCallion AS, Avramopoulos D. A functional schizophrenia-associated genetic variant near the TSNARE1 and ADGRB1 genes. HGG ADVANCES 2024; 5:100303. [PMID: 38702885 PMCID: PMC11130735 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2024.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent collaborative genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >200 independent loci contributing to risk for schizophrenia (SCZ). The genes closest to these loci have diverse functions, supporting the potential involvement of multiple relevant biological processes, yet there is no direct evidence that individual variants are functional or directly linked to specific genes. Nevertheless, overlap with certain epigenetic marks suggest that most GWAS-implicated variants are regulatory. Based on the strength of association with SCZ and the presence of regulatory epigenetic marks, we chose one such variant near TSNARE1 and ADGRB1, rs4129585, to test for functional potential and assay differences that may drive the pathogenicity of the risk allele. We observed that the variant-containing sequence drives reporter expression in relevant neuronal populations in zebrafish. Next, we introduced each allele into human induced pluripotent cells and differentiated four isogenic clones homozygous for the risk allele and five clones homozygous for the non-risk allele into neural progenitor cells. Employing RNA sequencing, we found that the two alleles yield significant transcriptional differences in the expression of 109 genes at a false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.05 and 259 genes at a FDR of <0.1. We demonstrate that these genes are highly interconnected in pathways enriched for synaptic proteins, axon guidance, and regulation of synapse assembly. Exploration of genes near rs4129585 suggests that this variant does not regulate TSNARE1 transcripts, as previously thought, but may regulate the neighboring ADGRB1, a regulator of synaptogenesis. Our results suggest that rs4129585 is a functional common variant that functions in specific pathways likely involved in SCZ risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah H Wahbeh
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rachel J Boyd
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christian Yovo
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bailey Rike
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew S McCallion
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dimitrios Avramopoulos
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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4
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Carlton AJ, Jeng JY, Grandi FC, De Faveri F, Amariutei AE, De Tomasi L, O'Connor A, Johnson SL, Furness DN, Brown SDM, Ceriani F, Bowl MR, Mustapha M, Marcotti W. BAI1 localizes AMPA receptors at the cochlear afferent post-synaptic density and is essential for hearing. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114025. [PMID: 38564333 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) convey sound information to the central auditory pathway by forming synapses with inner hair cells (IHCs) in the mammalian cochlea. The molecular mechanisms regulating the formation of the post-synaptic density (PSD) in the SGN afferent terminals are still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) is required for the clustering of AMPA receptors GluR2-4 (glutamate receptors 2-4) at the PSD. Adult Bai1-deficient mice have functional IHCs but fail to transmit information to the SGNs, leading to highly raised hearing thresholds. Despite the almost complete absence of AMPA receptor subunits, the SGN fibers innervating the IHCs do not degenerate. Furthermore, we show that AMPA receptors are still expressed in the cochlea of Bai1-deficient mice, highlighting a role for BAI1 in trafficking or anchoring GluR2-4 to the PSDs. These findings identify molecular and functional mechanisms required for sound encoding at cochlear ribbon synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Carlton
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jing-Yi Jeng
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Fiorella C Grandi
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institute de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | | | - Ana E Amariutei
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Lara De Tomasi
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Andrew O'Connor
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Stuart L Johnson
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - David N Furness
- School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Steve D M Brown
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Federico Ceriani
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Michael R Bowl
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Mirna Mustapha
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Walter Marcotti
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
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5
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Ortega-de San Luis C, Pezzoli M, Urrieta E, Ryan TJ. Engram cell connectivity as a mechanism for information encoding and memory function. Curr Biol 2023; 33:5368-5380.e5. [PMID: 37992719 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Information derived from experiences is incorporated into the brain as changes to ensembles of cells, termed engram cells, which allow memory storage and recall. The mechanism by which those changes hold specific information is unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that the specific synaptic wiring between engram cells is the substrate of information storage. First, we monitor how learning modifies the connectivity pattern between engram cells at a monosynaptic connection involving the hippocampal ventral CA1 (vCA1) region and the amygdala. Then, we assess the functional significance of these connectivity changes by artificially activating or inhibiting its presynaptic and postsynaptic components, respectively. Finally, we identify a synaptic plasticity mechanism mediated by postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), which impacts the connectivity pattern among engram cells and contributes to the long-term stability of the memory. These findings impact our theory of learning and memory by helping us explain the translation of specific information into engram cells and how these connections shape brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Ortega-de San Luis
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Maurizio Pezzoli
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland; Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Esteban Urrieta
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Tomás J Ryan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Child & Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada.
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6
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Wahbeh MH, Boyd RJ, Yovo C, Rike B, McCallion AS, Avramopoulos D. A Functional Schizophrenia-associated genetic variant near the TSNARE1 and ADGRB1 genes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.18.570831. [PMID: 38187620 PMCID: PMC10769312 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.570831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Recent collaborative genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >200 independent loci contributing to risk for schizophrenia (SCZ). The genes closest to these loci have diverse functions, supporting the potential involvement of multiple relevant biological processes; yet there is no direct evidence that individual variants are functional or directly linked to specific genes. Nevertheless, overlap with certain epigenetic marks suggest that most GWAS-implicated variants are regulatory. Based on the strength of association with SCZ and the presence of regulatory epigenetic marks, we chose one such variant near TSNARE1 and ADGRB1, rs4129585, to test for functional potential and assay differences that may drive the pathogenicity of the risk allele. We observed that the variant-containing sequence drives reporter expression in relevant neuronal populations in zebrafish. Next, we introduced each allele into human induced pluripotent cells and differentiated 4 isogenic clones homozygous for the risk allele and 5 clones homozygous for the non-risk allele into neural precursor cells. Employing RNA-seq, we found that the two alleles yield significant transcriptional differences in the expression of 109 genes at FDR <0.05 and 259 genes at FDR <0.1. We demonstrate that these genes are highly interconnected in pathways enriched for synaptic proteins, axon guidance, and regulation of synapse assembly. Exploration of genes near rs4129585 suggests that this variant does not regulate TSNARE1 transcripts, as previously thought, but may regulate the neighboring ADGRB1, a regulator of synaptogenesis. Our results suggest that rs4129585 is a functional common variant that functions in specific pathways likely involved in SCZ risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marah H Wahbeh
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rachel J Boyd
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christian Yovo
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bailey Rike
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew S McCallion
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dimitrios Avramopoulos
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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7
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Seregin AA, Smirnova LP, Dmitrieva EM, Zavialova MG, Simutkin GG, Ivanova SA. Differential Expression of Proteins Associated with Bipolar Disorder as Identified Using the PeptideShaker Software. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15250. [PMID: 37894929 PMCID: PMC10607299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of bipolar disorder (BD) in modern society is growing rapidly, but due to the lack of paraclinical criteria, its differential diagnosis with other mental disorders is somewhat challenging. In this regard, the relevance of proteomic studies is increasing due to the development of methods for processing large data arrays; this contributes to the discovery of protein patterns of pathological processes and the creation of new methods of diagnosis and treatment. It seems promising to search for proteins involved in the pathogenesis of BD in an easily accessible material-blood serum. Sera from BD patients and healthy individuals were purified via affinity chromatography to isolate 14 major proteins and separated using 1D SDS-PAGE. After trypsinolysis, the proteins in the samples were identified via HPLC/mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometric data were processed using the OMSSA and X!Tandem search algorithms using the UniProtKB database, and the results were analyzed using PeptideShaker. Differences in proteomes were assessed via an unlabeled NSAF-based analysis using a two-tailed Bonferroni-adjusted t-test. When comparing the blood serum proteomes of BD patients and healthy individuals, 10 proteins showed significant differences in NSAF values. Of these, four proteins were predominantly present in BD patients with the maximum NSAF value: 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 7; transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein ig-h3; and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 protein. Further exploration of the role of these proteins in BD is warranted; conducting such studies will help develop new paraclinical criteria and discover new targets for BD drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Seregin
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia; (A.A.S.)
| | - Liudmila P. Smirnova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia; (A.A.S.)
| | - Elena M. Dmitrieva
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia; (A.A.S.)
| | | | - German G. Simutkin
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia; (A.A.S.)
| | - Svetlana A. Ivanova
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia; (A.A.S.)
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8
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Schneider K, Arandjelovic S. Apoptotic cell clearance components in inflammatory arthritis. Immunol Rev 2023; 319:142-150. [PMID: 37507355 PMCID: PMC10615714 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the synovial joints that affects ~1% of the human population. Joint swelling and bone erosion, hallmarks of RA, contribute to disability and, sometimes, loss of life. Mechanistically, disease is driven by immune dysregulation characterized by circulating autoantibodies, inflammatory mediators, tissue degradative enzymes, and metabolic dysfunction of resident stromal and recruited immune cells. Cell death by apoptosis has been therapeutically explored in animal models of RA due to the comparisons drawn between synovial hyperplasia and paucity of apoptosis in RA with the malignant transformation of cancer cells. Several efforts to induce cell death have shown benefits in reducing the development and/or severity of the disease. Apoptotic cells are cleared by phagocytes in a process known as efferocytosis, which differs from microbial phagocytosis in its "immuno-silent," or anti-inflammatory, nature. Failures in efferocytosis have been linked to autoimmune disease, whereas administration of apoptotic cells in RA models effectively inhibits inflammatory indices, likely though efferocytosis-mediated resolution-promoting mechanisms. However, the nature of signaling pathways elicited and the molecular identity of clearance mediators in RA are understudied. Furthermore, canonical efferocytosis machinery elements also play important non-canonical functions in homeostasis and pathology. Here, we discuss the roles of efferocytosis machinery components in models of RA and discuss their potential involvement in disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Schneider
- University of Virginia, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sanja Arandjelovic
- University of Virginia, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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9
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Shiu FH, Wong JC, Bhattacharya D, Kuranaga Y, Parag RR, Alsharif HA, Bhatnagar S, Van Meir EG, Escayg A. Generation and initial characterization of mice lacking full-length BAI3 (ADGRB3) expression. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:353-363. [PMID: 37337931 PMCID: PMC10730119 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 3 (ADGRB3/BAI3) belongs to the family of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors. It is most highly expressed in the brain where it plays a role in synaptogenesis and synapse maintenance. Genome-wide association studies have implicated ADGRB3 in disorders such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. Somatic mutations in ADGRB3 have also been identified in cancer. To better understand the in vivo physiological role of ADGRB3, we used CRISPR/Cas9 editing to generate a mouse line with a 7-base pair deletion in Adgrb3 exon 10. Western blot analysis confirmed that homozygous mutants (Adgrb3∆7/∆7 ) lack full-length ADGRB3 expression. The mutant mice were viable and reproduced in Mendelian ratios but demonstrated reduced brain and body weights and deficits in social interaction. Measurements of locomotor function, olfaction, anxiety levels and prepulse inhibition were comparable between heterozygous and homozygous mutants and wild-type littermates. Since ADGRB3 is also expressed in organs such as lung and pancreas, this new mouse model will facilitate elucidation of ADGRB3's role in non-central nervous system-related functions. Finally, since somatic mutations in ADGRB3 were identified in patients with several cancer types, these mice can be used to determine whether loss of ADGRB3 function contributes to tumour development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Hung Shiu
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer C. Wong
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharya
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Yuki Kuranaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rashed R. Parag
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Haifa A. Alsharif
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sushant Bhatnagar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Erwin G. Van Meir
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Andrew Escayg
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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10
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Luis CODS, Pezzoli M, Urrieta E, Ryan TJ. Engram cell connectivity as a mechanism for information encoding and memory function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.21.558774. [PMID: 37790352 PMCID: PMC10542553 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.21.558774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Information derived from experiences is incorporated into the brain as changes to ensembles of cells, termed engram cells, that allow memory storage and recall. The mechanism by which those changes hold specific information is unclear. Here we test the hypothesis that the specific synaptic wiring between engram cells is the substrate of information storage. First, we monitor how learning modifies the connectivity pattern between engram cells at a monosynaptic connection involving the hippocampal vCA1 region and the amygdala. Then, we assess the functional significance of these connectivity changes by artificially activating or inhibiting its presynaptic and postsynaptic components respectively. Finally, we identify a synaptic plasticity mechanism mediated by PSD-95, which impacts the connectivity pattern among engram cells and contributes to the long-term stability of the memory. These findings impact our theory of learning and memory by helping us explain the translation of specific information into engram cells and how these connections shape brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Ortega-de San Luis
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maurizio Pezzoli
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Esteban Urrieta
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tomás J Ryan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Child & Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Aimi T, Matsuda K, Yuzaki M. C1ql1-Bai3 signaling is necessary for climbing fiber synapse formation in mature Purkinje cells in coordination with neuronal activity. Mol Brain 2023; 16:61. [PMID: 37488606 PMCID: PMC10367388 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in neural activity induced by learning and novel environments have been reported to lead to the formation of new synapses in the adult brain. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood. Here, we show that Purkinje cells (PCs), which have established adult-type monosynaptic innervation by climbing fibers (CFs) after elimination of weak CFs during development, can be reinnervated by multiple CFs by increased expression of the synaptic organizer C1ql1 in CFs or Bai3, a receptor for C1ql1, in PCs. In the adult cerebellum, CFs are known to have transverse branches that run in a mediolateral direction without forming synapses with PCs. Electrophysiological, Ca2+-imaging and immunohistochemical studies showed that overexpression of C1ql1 or Bai3 caused these CF transverse branches to elongate and synapse on the distal dendrites of mature PCs. Mature PCs were also reinnervated by multiple CFs when the glutamate receptor GluD2, which is essential for the maintenance of synapses between granule cells and PCs, was deleted. Interestingly, the effect of GluD2 knockout was not observed in Bai3 knockout PCs. In addition, C1ql1 levels were significantly upregulated in CFs of GluD2 knockout mice, suggesting that endogenous, not overexpressed, C1ql1-Bai3 signaling could regulate the reinnervation of mature PCs by CFs. Furthermore, the effects of C1ql1 and Bai3 overexpression required neuronal activity in the PC and CF, respectively. C1ql1 immunoreactivity at CF-PC synapses was reduced when the neuronal activity of CFs was suppressed. These results suggest that C1ql1-Bai3 signaling may mediate CF synaptogenesis in mature PCs, potentially in concert with neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Aimi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsuda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Michisuke Yuzaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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12
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Gerhart J, George-Weinstein M. Myo/Nog Cells: The Jekylls and Hydes of the Lens. Cells 2023; 12:1725. [PMID: 37443759 PMCID: PMC10340492 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we review a unique and versatile lineage composed of Myo/Nog cells that may be beneficial or detrimental depending on their environment and nature of the pathological stimuli they are exposed to. While we will focus on the lens, related Myo/Nog cell behaviors and functions in other tissues are integrated into the narrative of our research that spans over three decades, examines multiple species and progresses from early stages of embryonic development to aging adults. Myo/Nog cells were discovered in the embryonic epiblast by their co-expression of the skeletal muscle-specific transcription factor MyoD, the bone morphogenetic protein inhibitor Noggin and brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1. They were tracked from the epiblast into the developing lens, revealing heterogeneity of cell types within this structure. Depletion of Myo/Nog cells in the epiblast results in eye malformations arising from the absence of Noggin. In the adult lens, Myo/Nog cells are the source of myofibroblasts whose contractions produce wrinkles in the capsule. Eliminating this population within the rabbit lens during cataract surgery reduces posterior capsule opacification to below clinically significant levels. Parallels are drawn between the therapeutic potential of targeting Myo/Nog cells to prevent fibrotic disease in the lens and other ocular tissues.
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13
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Wong TS, Li G, Li S, Gao W, Chen G, Gan S, Zhang M, Li H, Wu S, Du Y. G protein-coupled receptors in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:177. [PMID: 37137892 PMCID: PMC10154768 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are multifactorial disorders with diverse aetiological factors. Identifying treatment targets is challenging because the diseases are resulting from heterogeneous biological, genetic, and environmental factors. Nevertheless, the increasing understanding of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) opens a new possibility in drug discovery. Harnessing our knowledge of molecular mechanisms and structural information of GPCRs will be advantageous for developing effective drugs. This review provides an overview of the role of GPCRs in various neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Besides, we highlight the emerging opportunities of novel GPCR targets and address recent progress in GPCR drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thian-Sze Wong
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhi Li
- Institute of Urology, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Chen
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyi Gan
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Manzhan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China
- Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, China.
- Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery, East China Normal University, 200062, Shanghai, China.
| | - Song Wu
- Institute of Urology, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 518116, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yang Du
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 518172, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Tseng WY, Stacey M, Lin HH. Role of Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Immune Dysfunction and Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065499. [PMID: 36982575 PMCID: PMC10055975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorders of the immune system, including immunodeficiency, immuno-malignancy, and (auto)inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic diseases, have a great impact on a host’s health. Cellular communication mediated through cell surface receptors, among different cell types and between cell and microenvironment, plays a critical role in immune responses. Selective members of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (aGPCR) family are expressed differentially in diverse immune cell types and have been implicated recently in unique immune dysfunctions and disorders in part due to their dual cell adhesion and signaling roles. Here, we discuss the molecular and functional characteristics of distinctive immune aGPCRs and their physiopathological roles in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Tseng
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Keelung, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
| | - Martin Stacey
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Hsi-Hsien Lin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Keelung, Keelung 20401, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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15
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Phosphatidylserine in the Nervous System: Cytoplasmic Regulator of the AKT and PKC Signaling Pathways and Extracellular "Eat-Me" Signal in Microglial Phagocytosis. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1050-1066. [PMID: 36401705 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03133-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is an important anionic phospholipid found in eukaryotic cells and has been proven to serve as a beneficial factor in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. PtdSer resides in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, where it is involved in regulating the AKT and PKC signaling pathways; however, it becomes exposed to the extracellular leaflet during neurodevelopmental processes and neurodegenerative diseases, participating in microglia-mediated synaptic and neuronal phagocytosis. In this paper, we review several characteristics of PtdSer, including the synthesis and translocation of PtdSer, the functions of cytoplasmic and exposed PtdSer, and different PtdSer-detection materials used to further understand the role of PtdSer in the nervous system.
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16
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Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors-Structure and functions. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 195:1-25. [PMID: 36707149 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) are an ancient class of receptors that represent some of the largest transmembrane-integrated proteins in humans. First recognized as surface markers on immune cells, it took more than a decade to appreciate their 7-transmembrane structure, which is reminiscent of GPCRs. Roughly 30 years went by before the first functional proof of an interaction with a G protein was published. Besides classic features of GPCRs (extracellular N terminus, 7-transmembrane region, intracellular C terminus), aGPCRs display a distinct N-terminal structure, which harbors the highly conserved GPCR autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN) domain with the GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) in addition to several functional domains. Several human diseases have been associated with variants of aGPCRs and subsequent animal models have been established to investigate these phenotypes. Much progress has been made in recent years to decipher the structure and functions of these receptors. This chapter gives an overview of our current understanding with respect to the molecular structural patterns governing aGPCR activation and the contribution of these giant molecules to the development of pathologies.
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17
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Morioka S, Kajioka D, Yamaoka Y, Ellison RM, Tufan T, Werkman IL, Tanaka S, Barron B, Ito ST, Kucenas S, Okusa MD, Ravichandran KS. Chimeric efferocytic receptors improve apoptotic cell clearance and alleviate inflammation. Cell 2022; 185:4887-4903.e17. [PMID: 36563662 PMCID: PMC9930200 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our bodies turn over billions of cells daily via apoptosis and are in turn cleared by phagocytes via the process of "efferocytosis." Defects in efferocytosis are now linked to various inflammatory diseases. Here, we designed a strategy to boost efferocytosis, denoted "chimeric receptor for efferocytosis" (CHEF). We fused a specific signaling domain within the cytoplasmic adapter protein ELMO1 to the extracellular phosphatidylserine recognition domains of the efferocytic receptors BAI1 or TIM4, generating BELMO and TELMO, respectively. CHEF-expressing phagocytes display a striking increase in efferocytosis. In mouse models of inflammation, BELMO expression attenuates colitis, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. In mechanistic studies, BELMO increases ER-resident enzymes and chaperones to overcome protein-folding-associated toxicity, which was further validated in a model of ER-stress-induced renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Finally, TELMO introduction after onset of kidney injury significantly reduced fibrosis. Collectively, these data advance a concept of chimeric efferocytic receptors to boost efferocytosis and dampen inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Morioka
- The Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Preemptive Food Research Center (PFRC), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study, Gifu, Japan.
| | - Daiki Kajioka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yusuke Yamaoka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Rochelle M Ellison
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Turan Tufan
- The Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Inge L Werkman
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Brady Barron
- The Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Satoshi T Ito
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sarah Kucenas
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- The Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; VIB/UGent Inflammation Research Centre, Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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18
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Lala T, Doan JK, Takatsu H, Hartzell HC, Shin HW, Hall RA. Phosphatidylserine exposure modulates adhesion GPCR BAI1 (ADGRB1) signaling activity. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102685. [PMID: 36370845 PMCID: PMC9723945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1; also called ADGRB1 or B1) is an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor known from studies on macrophages to bind to phosphatidylserine (PS) on apoptotic cells via its N-terminal thrombospondin repeats. A separate body of work has shown that B1 regulates postsynaptic function and dendritic spine morphology via signaling pathways involving Rac and Rho. However, it is unknown if PS binding by B1 has any effect on the receptor's signaling activity. To shed light on this subject, we studied G protein-dependent signaling by B1 in the absence and presence of coexpression with the PS flippase ATP11A in human embryonic kidney 293T cells. ATP11A expression reduced the amount of PS exposed extracellularly and also strikingly reduced the signaling activity of coexpressed full-length B1 but not a truncated version of the receptor lacking the thrombospondin repeats. Further experiments with an inactive mutant of ATP11A showed that the PS flippase function of ATP11A was required for modulation of B1 signaling. In coimmunoprecipitation experiments, we made the surprising finding that ATP11A not only modulates B1 signaling but also forms complexes with B1. Parallel studies in which PS in the outer leaflet was reduced by an independent method, deletion of the gene encoding the endogenous lipid scramblase anoctamin 6 (ANO6), revealed that this manipulation also markedly reduced B1 signaling. These findings demonstrate that B1 signaling is modulated by PS exposure and suggest a model in which B1 serves as a PS sensor at synapses and in other cellular contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Lala
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Juleva K Doan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Takatsu
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Criss Hartzell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Hye-Won Shin
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Randy A Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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19
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Liebscher I, Cevheroğlu O, Hsiao CC, Maia AF, Schihada H, Scholz N, Soave M, Spiess K, Trajković K, Kosloff M, Prömel S. A guide to adhesion GPCR research. FEBS J 2022; 289:7610-7630. [PMID: 34729908 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) are a class of structurally and functionally highly intriguing cell surface receptors with essential functions in health and disease. Thus, they display a vastly unexploited pharmacological potential. Our current understanding of the physiological functions and signaling mechanisms of aGPCRs form the basis for elucidating further molecular aspects. Combining these with novel tools and methodologies from different fields tailored for studying these unusual receptors yields a powerful potential for pushing aGPCR research from singular approaches toward building up an in-depth knowledge that will facilitate its translation to applied science. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art knowledge on aGPCRs in respect to structure-function relations, physiology, and clinical aspects, as well as the latest advances in the field. We highlight the upcoming most pressing topics in aGPCR research and identify strategies to tackle them. Furthermore, we discuss approaches how to promote, stimulate, and translate research on aGPCRs 'from bench to bedside' in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Liebscher
- Division of Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Germany
| | | | - Cheng-Chih Hsiao
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André F Maia
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Hannes Schihada
- C3 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Scholz
- Division of General Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Mark Soave
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Katja Spiess
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katarina Trajković
- Biology of Robustness Group, Mediterranean Institute for Life Sciences, Split, Croatia
| | - Mickey Kosloff
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Simone Prömel
- Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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20
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Laursen L, Inturi R, Østergaard S, Jemth P. Determinants of affinity, specificity, and phase separation in a supramodule from Post-synaptic density protein 95. iScience 2022; 25:105069. [PMID: 36157580 PMCID: PMC9490041 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-synaptic density (PSD) is a phase-separated membraneless compartment of proteins including PSD-95 that undergoes morphological alteration in response to synaptic activity. Here, we investigated the interactome of a three-domain supramodule, PDZ3-SH3-GK (PSG) from PSD-95 using bioinformatics to identify potential binding partners, and biophysical methods to characterize the interaction with peptides from these proteins. PSG and the single PDZ3 domain bound similar peptides, but with different specificity. Furthermore, we found that the protein ADGRB1 formed liquid droplets with the PSG supramodule, extending the model for PSD formation. Moreover, certain mutations, introduced outside of the binding pocket in PDZ3, increased the affinity and specificity of the interaction and the size of liquid droplets. Other mutations within the ligand binding pocket lead to a new binding motif specificity. Our results show how the context in terms of supertertiary structure modulates affinity, specificity, and phase separation, and how these properties can evolve by point mutation. Identification of potential binding partners for PSD-95 in the post-synaptic density ADGRB1 and PSD-95 undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) Single domain PDZ3 cannot induce LLPS and binds weakly to ADGRB1 and SynGap Supertertiary structure alters the affinity, specificity, and phase separation
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Laursen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Raviteja Inturi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Søren Østergaard
- Global Research Technology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Research Park, 2760 Maalov, Denmark
| | - Per Jemth
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, BMC Box 582, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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21
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Lala T, Hall RA. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors: structure, signaling, physiology, and pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1587-1624. [PMID: 35468004 PMCID: PMC9255715 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00027.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (AGPCRs) are a family of 33 receptors in humans exhibiting a conserved general structure but diverse expression patterns and physiological functions. The large NH2 termini characteristic of AGPCRs confer unique properties to each receptor and possess a variety of distinct domains that can bind to a diverse array of extracellular proteins and components of the extracellular matrix. The traditional view of AGPCRs, as implied by their name, is that their core function is the mediation of adhesion. In recent years, though, many surprising advances have been made regarding AGPCR signaling mechanisms, activation by mechanosensory forces, and stimulation by small-molecule ligands such as steroid hormones and bioactive lipids. Thus, a new view of AGPCRs has begun to emerge in which these receptors are seen as massive signaling platforms that are crucial for the integration of adhesive, mechanosensory, and chemical stimuli. This review article describes the recent advances that have led to this new understanding of AGPCR function and also discusses new insights into the physiological actions of these receptors as well as their roles in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Lala
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Randy A Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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22
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Zeng Z, Xu X, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Meng P, Huo X. Maternal exposure to atmospheric PM 2.5 and fetal brain development: Associations with BAI1 methylation and thyroid hormones. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119665. [PMID: 35738517 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Maternal exposure to atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during pregnancy is associated with adverse fetal development, including abnormal brain development. However, the underlying mechanisms and influencing factors remain uncertain. This study investigated the roles of DNA methylation in genes involving neurodevelopment and thyroid hormones (THs) in fetal brain development after maternal exposure to PM2.5 from e-waste. Among 939 healthy pregnant women recruited from June 2011 to September 2012, 101 e-waste-exposed and 103 reference mother-infant pairs (204 pairs totally) were included. Annual ground-level PM2.5 concentrations over e-waste-exposed area (116.38°E, 23.29°N) and reference area (116.67°E, 23.34°N) in 2011, 2012 were obtained by estimates and maternal exposure was evaluated by calculating individual chronic daily intakes (CDIs) of PM2.5. Methylation and THs including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) level were measured in umbilical cord blood collected shortly after delivery. We found higher ground-level PM2.5 concentrations led to greater individual CDI of PM2.5 in e-waste-exposed pregnant women. After adjustment for gender and birth BMI, significant mediation effects on the adverse associations of maternal PM2.5 exposure with birth head circumference were observed for methylations at positions +13 and + 32 (respectively mediated proportion of 9.8% and 5.3%, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) in the brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) gene, but not for methylations in the catenin cadherin-associated protein, alpha 2 (CTNNA2) gene. BAI1 (position +13) methylation was also significantly correlated with FT3 levels (rs = -0.156, P = 0.032), although maternal CDI of PM2.5 was positively associated with higher odds of abnormal TSH levels (OR = 5.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 25.20, P = 0.05) rather than FT3 levels. Our findings suggest that methylation (likely linked to THs) in neonates may play mediation roles associated with abnormal brain development risk due to maternal exposure to atmospheric PM2.5 from e-waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zeng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuxia Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Peipei Meng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China.
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23
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de Siqueira Mendes FDCC, de Almeida MNF, Falsoni M, Andrade MLF, Felício APG, da Paixão LTVB, Júnior FLDA, Anthony DC, Brites D, Diniz CWP, Sosthenes MCK. The Sedentary Lifestyle and Masticatory Dysfunction: Time to Review the Contribution to Age-Associated Cognitive Decline and Astrocyte Morphotypes in the Dentate Gyrus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116342. [PMID: 35683023 PMCID: PMC9180988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As aging and cognitive decline progresses, the impact of a sedentary lifestyle on the appearance of environment-dependent cellular morphologies in the brain becomes more apparent. Sedentary living is also associated with poor oral health, which is known to correlate with the rate of cognitive decline. Here, we will review the evidence for the interplay between mastication and environmental enrichment and assess the impact of each on the structure of the brain. In previous studies, we explored the relationship between behavior and the morphological features of dentate gyrus glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes during aging in contrasting environments and in the context of induced masticatory dysfunction. Hierarchical cluster and discriminant analysis of GFAP-positive astrocytes from the dentate gyrus molecular layer revealed that the proportion of AST1 (astrocyte arbors with greater complexity phenotype) and AST2 (lower complexity) are differentially affected by environment, aging and masticatory dysfunction, but the relationship is not straightforward. Here we re-evaluated our previous reconstructions by comparing dorsal and ventral astrocyte morphologies in the dentate gyrus, and we found that morphological complexity was the variable that contributed most to cluster formation across the experimental groups. In general, reducing masticatory activity increases astrocyte morphological complexity, and the effect is most marked in the ventral dentate gyrus, whereas the effect of environment was more marked in the dorsal dentate gyrus. All morphotypes retained their basic structural organization in intact tissue, suggesting that they are subtypes with a non-proliferative astrocyte profile. In summary, the increased complexity of astrocytes in situations where neuronal loss and behavioral deficits are present is counterintuitive, but highlights the need to better understand the role of the astrocyte in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola de Carvalho Chaves de Siqueira Mendes
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
- Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará, Belém 66613-903, PA, Brazil
| | - Marina Negrão Frota de Almeida
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
| | - Manoela Falsoni
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
| | - Marcia Lorena Ferreira Andrade
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
| | - André Pinheiro Gurgel Felício
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
| | - Luisa Taynah Vasconcelos Barbosa da Paixão
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
| | - Fábio Leite do Amaral Júnior
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
| | - Daniel Clive Anthony
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK;
| | - Dora Brites
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristovam Wanderley Picanço Diniz
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
| | - Marcia Consentino Kronka Sosthenes
- Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-005, PA, Brazil; (F.d.C.C.d.S.M.); (M.N.F.d.A.); (M.F.); (M.L.F.A.); (A.P.G.F.); (L.T.V.B.d.P.); (F.L.d.A.J.); (C.W.P.D.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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González-Calvo I, Cizeron M, Bessereau JL, Selimi F. Synapse Formation and Function Across Species: Ancient Roles for CCP, CUB, and TSP-1 Structural Domains. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:866444. [PMID: 35546877 PMCID: PMC9083331 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.866444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of synapses was a crucial step in the creation of the variety of nervous systems that are found in the animal kingdom. With increased complexity of the organisms came a greater number of synaptic proteins. In this review we describe synaptic proteins that contain the structural domains CUB, CCP, or TSP-1. These domains are found in invertebrates and vertebrates, and CUB and CCP domains were initially described in proteins belonging to the complement system of innate immunity. Interestingly, they are found in synapses of the nematode C. elegans, which does not have a complement system, suggesting an ancient function. Comparison of the roles of CUB-, CCP-, and TSP-1 containing synaptic proteins in various species shows that in more complex nervous systems, these structural domains are combined with other domains and that there is partial conservation of their function. These three domains are thus basic building blocks of the synaptic architecture. Further studies of structural domains characteristic of synaptic proteins in invertebrates such as C. elegans and comparison of their role in mammals will help identify other conserved synaptic molecular building blocks. Furthermore, this type of functional comparison across species will also identify structural domains added during evolution in correlation with increased complexity, shedding light on mechanisms underlying cognition and brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés González-Calvo
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Mélissa Cizeron
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR-5284, INSERM U-1314, MeLiS, Institut NeuroMyoGène, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bessereau
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR-5284, INSERM U-1314, MeLiS, Institut NeuroMyoGène, Lyon, France
| | - Fekrije Selimi
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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25
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Shiu FH, Wong JC, Yamamoto T, Lala T, Purcell RH, Owino S, Zhu D, Van Meir EG, Hall RA, Escayg A. Mice lacking full length Adgrb1 (Bai1) exhibit social deficits, increased seizure susceptibility, and altered brain development. Exp Neurol 2022; 351:113994. [PMID: 35114205 PMCID: PMC9817291 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion G protein-coupled receptor BAI1/ADGRB1 plays an important role in suppressing angiogenesis, mediating phagocytosis, and acting as a brain tumor suppressor. BAI1 is also a critical regulator of dendritic spine and excitatory synapse development and interacts with several autism-relevant proteins. However, little is known about the relationship between altered BAI1 function and clinically relevant phenotypes. Therefore, we studied the effect of reduced expression of full length Bai1 on behavior, seizure susceptibility, and brain morphology in Adgrb1 mutant mice. We compared homozygous (Adgrb1-/-), heterozygous (Adgrb1+/-), and wild-type (WT) littermates using a battery of tests to assess social behavior, anxiety, repetitive behavior, locomotor function, and seizure susceptibility. We found that Adgrb1-/- mice showed significant social behavior deficits and increased vulnerability to seizures. Adgrb1-/- mice also showed delayed growth and reduced brain weight. Furthermore, reduced neuron density and increased apoptosis during brain development were observed in the hippocampus of Adgrb1-/- mice, while levels of astrogliosis and microgliosis were comparable to WT littermates. These results show that reduced levels of full length Bai1 is associated with a broader range of clinically relevant phenotypes than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Hung Shiu
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Wong
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Trisha Lala
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ryan H Purcell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sharon Owino
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erwin G Van Meir
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Randy A Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew Escayg
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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26
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Wang J, Miao Y, Wicklein R, Sun Z, Wang J, Jude KM, Fernandes RA, Merrill SA, Wernig M, Garcia KC, Südhof TC. RTN4/NoGo-receptor binding to BAI adhesion-GPCRs regulates neuronal development. Cell 2021; 184:5869-5885.e25. [PMID: 34758294 PMCID: PMC8620742 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RTN4-binding proteins were widely studied as "NoGo" receptors, but their physiological interactors and roles remain elusive. Similarly, BAI adhesion-GPCRs were associated with numerous activities, but their ligands and functions remain unclear. Using unbiased approaches, we observed an unexpected convergence: RTN4 receptors are high-affinity ligands for BAI adhesion-GPCRs. A single thrombospondin type 1-repeat (TSR) domain of BAIs binds to the leucine-rich repeat domain of all three RTN4-receptor isoforms with nanomolar affinity. In the 1.65 Å crystal structure of the BAI1/RTN4-receptor complex, C-mannosylation of tryptophan and O-fucosylation of threonine in the BAI TSR-domains creates a RTN4-receptor/BAI interface shaped by unusual glycoconjugates that enables high-affinity interactions. In human neurons, RTN4 receptors regulate dendritic arborization, axonal elongation, and synapse formation by differential binding to glial versus neuronal BAIs, thereby controlling neural network activity. Thus, BAI binding to RTN4/NoGo receptors represents a receptor-ligand axis that, enabled by rare post-translational modifications, controls development of synaptic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca Wicklein
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zijun Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jinzhao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ricardo A Fernandes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sean A Merrill
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marius Wernig
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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27
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Choi Y, Kim B, Ham S, Chung S, Maeng S, Kim HS, Im HI. Subanesthetic ketamine rapidly alters medial prefrontal miRNAs involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256390. [PMID: 34437591 PMCID: PMC8389495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic and a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist. At subanesthetic dose, ketamine can relieve pain and work as a fast-acting antidepressant, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the mode of action underlying the effects of acute subanesthetic ketamine treatment by bioinformatics analyses of miRNAs in the medial prefrontal cortex of male C57BL/6J mice. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses of the genes putatively targeted by ketamine-responsive prefrontal miRNAs revealed that acute subanesthetic ketamine modifies ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Validation analysis suggested that miR-148a-3p and miR-128-3p are the main players responsible for the subanesthetic ketamine-mediated alteration of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis through varied regulation of ubiquitin ligases E2 and E3. Collectively, our data imply that the prefrontal miRNA-dependent modulation of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is at least partially involved in the mode of action by acute subanesthetic ketamine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjung Choi
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Baeksun Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suji Ham
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungho Maeng
- College of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Bundang-Gu, South Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Mazaré N, Oudart M, Moulard J, Cheung G, Tortuyaux R, Mailly P, Mazaud D, Bemelmans AP, Boulay AC, Blugeon C, Jourdren L, Le Crom S, Rouach N, Cohen-Salmon M. Local Translation in Perisynaptic Astrocytic Processes Is Specific and Changes after Fear Conditioning. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108076. [PMID: 32846133 PMCID: PMC7450274 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Local translation is a conserved mechanism conferring cells the ability to quickly respond to local stimuli. In the brain, it has been recently reported in astrocytes, whose fine processes contact blood vessels and synapses. Yet the specificity and regulation of astrocyte local translation remain unknown. We study hippocampal perisynaptic astrocytic processes (PAPs) and show that they contain the machinery for translation. Using a refined immunoprecipitation technique, we characterize the entire pool of ribosome-bound mRNAs in PAPs and compare it with the one expressed in the whole astrocyte. We find that a specific pool of mRNAs is highly polarized at the synaptic interface. These transcripts encode an unexpected molecular repertoire, composed of proteins involved in iron homeostasis, translation, cell cycle, and cytoskeleton. Remarkably, we observe alterations in global RNA distribution and ribosome-bound status of some PAP-enriched transcripts after fear conditioning, indicating the role of astrocytic local translation in memory and learning. Local translation occurs in perisynaptic astrocytic processes (PAPs) The repertoire of ribosome-bound mRNAs enriched in hippocampal PAPs is specific RNA distribution and local translation change in PAPs after fear conditioning
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Mazaré
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France; Doctoral School No. 158, Pierre and Marie Curie University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marc Oudart
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France; Doctoral School No. 158, Pierre and Marie Curie University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Julien Moulard
- Doctoral School No. 158, Pierre and Marie Curie University, 75005 Paris, France; Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Giselle Cheung
- Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Romain Tortuyaux
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Mailly
- Orion Imaging Facility, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), College de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - David Mazaud
- Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans
- CEA, DRF, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (UMR9199), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Boulay
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Blugeon
- Genomic Facility, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jourdren
- Genomic Facility, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Le Crom
- Genomic Facility, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology (LCQB), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Rouach
- Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Martine Cohen-Salmon
- Physiology and Physiopathology of the Gliovascular Unit Research Group, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 724, INSERM Unité 1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
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Benavente F, Piltti KM, Hooshmand MJ, Nava AA, Lakatos A, Feld BG, Creasman D, Gershon PD, Anderson A. Novel C1q receptor-mediated signaling controls neural stem cell behavior and neurorepair. eLife 2020; 9:e55732. [PMID: 32894219 PMCID: PMC7476762 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
C1q plays a key role as a recognition molecule in the immune system, driving autocatalytic complement cascade activation and acting as an opsonin. We have previously reported a non-immune role of complement C1q modulating the migration and fate of human neural stem cells (hNSC); however, the mechanism underlying these effects has not yet been identified. Here, we show for the first time that C1q acts as a functional hNSC ligand, inducing intracellular signaling to control cell behavior. Using an unbiased screening strategy, we identified five transmembrane C1q signaling/receptor candidates in hNSC (CD44, GPR62, BAI1, c-MET, and ADCY5). We further investigated the interaction between C1q and CD44 , demonstrating that CD44 mediates C1q induced hNSC signaling and chemotaxis in vitro, and hNSC migration and functional repair in vivo after spinal cord injury. These results reveal a receptor-mediated mechanism for C1q modulation of NSC behavior and show that modification of C1q receptor expression can expand the therapeutic window for hNSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Benavente
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyIrvineUnited States
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile
| | - Katja M Piltti
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersIrvineUnited States
| | - Mitra J Hooshmand
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersIrvineUnited States
| | - Aileen A Nava
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
| | - Anita Lakatos
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersIrvineUnited States
| | - Brianna G Feld
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
- Bridges to Stem Cell Research Program (BSCR), California State UniversityLong BeachUnited States
| | - Dana Creasman
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyIrvineUnited States
| | - Paul D Gershon
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationIrvineUnited States
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, UC-IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Aileen Anderson
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research CenterIrvineUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and NeurobiologyIrvineUnited States
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersIrvineUnited States
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Ganesh RA, Venkataraman K, Sirdeshmukh R. GPR56: An adhesion GPCR involved in brain development, neurological disorders and cancer. Brain Res 2020; 1747:147055. [PMID: 32798453 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
GPR56/ADGRG1 is a member of the adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (aGPCR) family and one of the important players in the normal development of the brain. It plays a pivotal role in the diverse neurobiological processes, including cortical formation, oligodendrocyte development, and myelination. Mutations in GPR56 are known to cause brain malformation, myelination defects and are also implied in many cancers, including brain tumors. Since its identification almost two decades ago, GPR56 has emerged from an orphaned and uncharacterized GPCR to an increasingly well studied receptor. Yet, much needs to be understood about GPR56, both in terms of its molecular interactions and biological functions that may be relevant in normal health and disease. The review is focussed on the recent available knowledge of GPR56, which would give useful insights into its known and potential roles in the human brain, neurological disorders, and brain tumors like glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raksha A Ganesh
- Mazumdar Shaw Center for Translational Research, Narayana Health, Bangalore 560099, India; Center for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632104, India
| | - Krishnan Venkataraman
- Center for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632104, India
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Mazumdar Shaw Center for Translational Research, Narayana Health, Bangalore 560099, India; Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India.
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31
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Zhang ZZ, Zhuang ZQ, Sun SY, Ge HH, Wu YF, Cao L, Xia L, Yang QG, Wang F, Chen GH. Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Inflammation Coupled With Stress Exposure During Adolescence on Cognition and Synaptic Protein Levels in Aged CD-1 Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:157. [PMID: 32774299 PMCID: PMC7381390 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated impairment of spatial learning and memory (AISLM) presents substantial challenges to our health and society. Increasing evidence has indicated that embryonic exposure to inflammation accelerates the AISLM, and this can be attributable, at least partly, to changed synaptic plasticity associated with the activities of various proteins. However, it is still uncertain whether social psychological factors affect this AISLM and/or the expression of synaptic protein-associated genes. Synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) are two synaptic proteins closely related to cognitive functions. In this study, pregnant CD-1 mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (50 μg/kg) or normal saline at days 15-17 of gestation, and half of the offspring of each group were then subjected to stress for 28 days in adolescence. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to separately evaluate spatial learning and memory at 3 and 15 months of age, while western blotting and RNAscope assays were used to measure the protein and mRNA levels of Arc and Syt1 in the hippocampus. The results showed that, at 15 months of age, control mice had worse cognitive ability and higher protein and mRNA levels of Arc and Syt1 than their younger counterparts. Embryonic exposure to inflammation or exposure to stress in adolescence aggravated the AISLM, as well as the age-related increase in Arc and Syt1 expression. Moreover, the hippocampal protein and mRNA levels of Arc and Syt1 were significantly correlated with the performance in the learning and memory periods of the MWM test, especially in the mice that had suffered adverse insults in early life. Our findings indicated that prenatal exposure to inflammation or stress exposure in adolescence exacerbated the AISLM and age-related upregulation of Arc and Syt1 expression, and these effects were linked to cognitive impairments in CD-1 mice exposed to adverse factors in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Neurology or Department of Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhan-Qiang Zhuang
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shi-Yu Sun
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - He-Hua Ge
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong-Fang Wu
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lan Xia
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi-Gang Yang
- Department of Neurology or Department of Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurology or Department of Critical Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gui-Hai Chen
- Department of Neurology (Sleep Disorders), The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Gerhart J, Bowers J, Gugerty L, Gerhart C, Martin M, Abdalla F, Bravo-Nuevo A, Sullivan JT, Rimkunas R, Albertus A, Casta L, Getts L, Getts R, George-Weinstein M. Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 is expressed in the Myo/Nog cell lineage. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234792. [PMID: 32614850 PMCID: PMC7332021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Myo/Nog cell lineage was discovered in the chick embryo and is also present in adult mammalian tissues. The cells are named for their expression of mRNA for the skeletal muscle specific transcription factor MyoD and bone morphogenetic protein inhibitor Noggin. A third marker for Myo/Nog cells is the cell surface molecule recognized by the G8 monoclonal antibody (mAb). G8 has been used to detect, track, isolate and kill Myo/Nog cells. In this study, we screened a membrane proteome array for the target of the G8 mAb. The array consisted of >5,000 molecules, each synthesized in their native confirmation with appropriate post-translational modifications in a single clone of HEK-293T cells. G8 mAb binding to the clone expressing brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) was detected by flow cytometry, re-verified by sequencing and validated by transfection with the plasmid construct for BAI1. Further validation of the G8 target was provided by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The G8 epitope was identified by screening a high-throughput, site directed mutagenesis library designed to cover 95–100% of the 954 amino acids of the extracellular domain of the BAI1 protein. The G8 mAb binds within the third thrombospondin repeat of the extracellular domain of human BAI1. Immunofluorescence localization experiments revealed that G8 and a commercially available BAI1 mAb co-localize to the subpopulation of Myo/Nog cells in the skin, eyes and brain. Expression of the multi-functional BAI1 protein in Myo/Nog cells introduces new possibilities for the roles of Myo/Nog cells in normal and diseased tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Gerhart
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | | | - Lindsay Gugerty
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Colby Gerhart
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Mark Martin
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Fathma Abdalla
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Arturo Bravo-Nuevo
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | | | | | - Amie Albertus
- Integral Molecular, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Lou Casta
- Genisphere, LLC, Hatfield, PA, United States of America
| | - Lori Getts
- Genisphere, LLC, Hatfield, PA, United States of America
| | - Robert Getts
- Genisphere, LLC, Hatfield, PA, United States of America
| | - Mindy George-Weinstein
- Division of Research, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Infertility Caused by Inefficient Apoptotic Germ Cell Clearance in Xkr8-Deficient Male Mice. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 40:MCB.00402-19. [PMID: 31712393 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00402-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During spermatogenesis, up to 75% of germ cells in the testes undergo apoptosis and are cleared by Sertoli cells. X-linked XK blood group-related 8 (Xkr8) is a plasma membrane protein that scrambles phospholipids in response to apoptotic signals, exposing phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). Here, we found that Xkr8 -/- male mice were infertile due to reduced sperm counts in their epididymides. Apoptotic stimuli could not induce PtdSer exposure in Xkr8 -/- germ cells. Consistent with the hypothesis that PtdSer functions as an "eat-me" signal to phagocytes, cells expressing phosphatidylserine receptor TIM4 and MER tyrosine kinase receptor efficiently engulfed apoptotic wild-type male germ cells but not Xkr8 -/- germ cells. Fluorescence and electron microscopy revealed Sertoli cells carrying engulfed and degenerated dead cells. However, many unengulfed apoptotic cells and residual bodies and much cell debris were present in Xkr8 -/- testes and epididymides. These results indicate that Xkr8-mediated PtdSer exposure is essential for the clearance of apoptotic germ cells by Sertoli cells. There was no apparent inflammation in Xkr8 -/- testes, suggesting that the unengulfed apoptotic cells may have undergone secondary necrosis, releasing noxious materials that affected the germ cells. Alternatively, failure to engulf the apoptotic germ cells may have caused the Sertoli cells to starve and lose their ability to support spermatogenesis.
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Transcription Factor Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) as a Potential Angiogenic Regulator of Follicular Thyroid Cancer Dissemination. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225619. [PMID: 31717665 PMCID: PMC6888435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that Prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) is a crucial regulator of lymphangiogenesis, that reprograms blood endothelial cells to lymphatic phenotype. However, the role of PROX1 in tumor progression, especially in angiogenesis remains controversial. Herein, we studied the role of PROX1 in angiogenesis in cell lines derived from follicular thyroid cancer (FTC: FTC-133) and squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland (SCT: CGTH-W-1) upon PROX1 knockdown. The genes involved in angiogenesis were selected by RNA-seq, and the impact of PROX1 on vascularization potential was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in conditioned medium collected from FTC- or SCT-derived cancer cell lines after PROX1 silencing. The angiogenic phenotype was examined in connection with the analysis of focal adhesion and correlated with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) levels. Additionally, the expression of selected genes involved in angiogenesis was detected in human FTC tissues. As a result, we demonstrated that PROX1 knockdown resulted in upregulation of factors associated with vascularization, such as metalloproteinases (MMP1 and 3), FGF2, vascular endothelial growth factors C (VEGFC), BAI1 associated protein 2 (BAIAP2), nudix hydrolase 6 (NUDT6), angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR). The observed molecular changes resulted in the enhanced formation of capillary-like structures by HUVECs and upregulated focal adhesion in FTC-133 and CGTH-W-1 cells. The signature of selected angiogenic genes' expression in a series of FTC specimens varied depending on the case. Interestingly, PROX1 and FGF2 showed opposing expression levels in FTC tissues and seven thyroid tumor-derived cell lines. In summary, our data revealed that PROX1 is involved in the spreading of thyroid cancer cells by regulation of angiogenesis.
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Morgan RK, Anderson GR, Araç D, Aust G, Balenga N, Boucard A, Bridges JP, Engel FB, Formstone CJ, Glitsch MD, Gray RS, Hall RA, Hsiao CC, Kim HY, Knierim AB, Kusuluri DK, Leon K, Liebscher I, Piao X, Prömel S, Scholz N, Srivastava S, Thor D, Tolias KF, Ushkaryov YA, Vallon M, Van Meir EG, Vanhollebeke B, Wolfrum U, Wright KM, Monk KR, Mogha A. The expanding functional roles and signaling mechanisms of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1456:5-25. [PMID: 31168816 PMCID: PMC7891679 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The adhesion class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is the second largest family of GPCRs (33 members in humans). Adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) are defined by a large extracellular N-terminal region that is linked to a C-terminal seven transmembrane (7TM) domain via a GPCR-autoproteolysis inducing (GAIN) domain containing a GPCR proteolytic site (GPS). Most aGPCRs undergo autoproteolysis at the GPS motif, but the cleaved fragments stay closely associated, with the N-terminal fragment (NTF) bound to the 7TM of the C-terminal fragment (CTF). The NTFs of most aGPCRs contain domains known to be involved in cell-cell adhesion, while the CTFs are involved in classical G protein signaling, as well as other intracellular signaling. In this workshop report, we review the most recent findings on the biology, signaling mechanisms, and physiological functions of aGPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory K. Morgan
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Garret R. Anderson
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California – Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Demet Araç
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gabriela Aust
- Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nariman Balenga
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Program in Molecular and Structural Biology, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Antony Boucard
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, México
| | - James P. Bridges
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Perinatal Institute, Section of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Felix B. Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline J. Formstone
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Guys Campus, Kings College London, London, UK
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College Lane Campus, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Maike D. Glitsch
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ryan S. Gray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
| | - Randy A. Hall
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsiao
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hee-Yong Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Alexander B. Knierim
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Deva Krupakar Kusuluri
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katherine Leon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Xianhua Piao
- Newborn Brain Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of California – San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Simone Prömel
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Scholz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Division of General Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Swati Srivastava
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Doreen Thor
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Mario Vallon
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Erwin G. Van Meir
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Departments of Neurosurgery and Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Signaling, Department of Molecular Biology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Gosselies, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Wallonia, Belgium
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kevin M. Wright
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kelly R. Monk
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Amit Mogha
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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36
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Living on the Edge: Efferocytosis at the Interface of Homeostasis and Pathology. Immunity 2019; 50:1149-1162. [PMID: 31117011 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nearly every tissue in the body undergoes routine turnover of cells as part of normal healthy living. The majority of these cells undergoing turnover die via apoptosis, and then are rapidly removed by phagocytes by the process of efferocytosis that is anti-inflammatory. However, a number of pathologies have recently been linked to defective clearance of apoptotic cells. Perturbed clearance arises for many reasons, including overwhelming of the clearance machinery, disruptions at different stages of efferocytosis, and responses of phagocytes during efferocytosis, all of which can alter the homeostatic tissue environment. This review covers linkages of molecules involved in the different phases of efferocytosis to disease pathologies that can arise due to their loss or altered function.
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37
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Rival CM, Xu W, Shankman LS, Morioka S, Arandjelovic S, Lee CS, Wheeler KM, Smith RP, Haney LB, Isakson BE, Purcell S, Lysiak JJ, Ravichandran KS. Phosphatidylserine on viable sperm and phagocytic machinery in oocytes regulate mammalian fertilization. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4456. [PMID: 31575859 PMCID: PMC6773685 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fertilization is essential for species survival. Although Izumo1 and Juno are critical for initial interaction between gametes, additional molecules necessary for sperm:egg fusion on both the sperm and the oocyte remain to be defined. Here, we show that phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is exposed on the head region of viable and motile sperm, with PtdSer exposure progressively increasing during sperm transit through the epididymis. Functionally, masking phosphatidylserine on sperm via three different approaches inhibits fertilization. On the oocyte, phosphatidylserine recognition receptors BAI1, CD36, Tim-4, and Mer-TK contribute to fertilization. Further, oocytes lacking the cytoplasmic ELMO1, or functional disruption of RAC1 (both of which signal downstream of BAI1/BAI3), also affect sperm entry into oocytes. Intriguingly, mammalian sperm could fuse with skeletal myoblasts, requiring PtdSer on sperm and BAI1/3, ELMO2, RAC1 in myoblasts. Collectively, these data identify phosphatidylserine on viable sperm and PtdSer recognition receptors on oocytes as key players in sperm:egg fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Rival
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Wenhao Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Laura S Shankman
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Sho Morioka
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Sanja Arandjelovic
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Chang Sup Lee
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Karen M Wheeler
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Ryan P Smith
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Lisa B Haney
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Scott Purcell
- Reproductive Medicine and Surgery Center of Virginia, 595 Martha Jefferson Dr., Charlottesville, VA, 22911, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Lysiak
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
| | - Kodi S Ravichandran
- The Center for Cell Clearance, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, and the UGent-VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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38
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Abstract
Tissue macrophages rapidly recognize and engulf apoptotic cells. These events require the display of so-called eat-me signals on the apoptotic cell surface, the most fundamental of which is phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). Externalization of this phospholipid is catalysed by scramblase enzymes, several of which are activated by caspase cleavage. PtdSer is detected both by macrophage receptors that bind to this phospholipid directly and by receptors that bind to a soluble bridging protein that is independently bound to PtdSer. Prominent among the latter receptors are the MER and AXL receptor tyrosine kinases. Eat-me signals also trigger macrophages to engulf virus-infected or metabolically traumatized, but still living, cells, and this 'murder by phagocytosis' may be a common phenomenon. Finally, the localized presentation of PtdSer and other eat-me signals on delimited cell surface domains may enable the phagocytic pruning of these 'locally dead' domains by macrophages, most notably by microglia of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Lemke
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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39
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Duman JG, Mulherkar S, Tu YK, Erikson KC, Tzeng CP, Mavratsas VC, Ho TSY, Tolias KF. The adhesion-GPCR BAI1 shapes dendritic arbors via Bcr-mediated RhoA activation causing late growth arrest. eLife 2019; 8:47566. [PMID: 31461398 PMCID: PMC6713510 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic arbor architecture profoundly impacts neuronal connectivity and function, and aberrant dendritic morphology characterizes neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we identify the adhesion-GPCR BAI1 as an important regulator of dendritic arborization. BAI1 loss from mouse or rat hippocampal neurons causes dendritic hypertrophy, whereas BAI1 overexpression precipitates dendrite retraction. These defects specifically manifest as dendrites transition from growth to stability. BAI1-mediated growth arrest is independent of its Rac1-dependent synaptogenic function. Instead, BAI1 couples to the small GTPase RhoA, driving late RhoA activation in dendrites coincident with growth arrest. BAI1 loss lowers RhoA activation and uncouples it from dendrite dynamics, causing overgrowth. None of BAI1's known downstream effectors mediates BAI1-dependent growth arrest. Rather, BAI1 associates with the Rho-GTPase regulatory protein Bcr late in development and stimulates its cryptic RhoA-GEF activity, which functions together with its Rac1-GAP activity to terminate arborization. Our results reveal a late-acting signaling pathway mediating a key transition in dendrite development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Duman
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Shalaka Mulherkar
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Yen-Kuei Tu
- Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Kelly C Erikson
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Christopher P Tzeng
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Vasilis C Mavratsas
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Rice University, Houston, United States
| | - Tammy Szu-Yu Ho
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
| | - Kimberley F Tolias
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
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40
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Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors: opportunities for drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019; 18:869-884. [PMID: 31462748 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-019-0039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) - one of the five main families in the GPCR superfamily - have several atypical characteristics, including large, multi-domain N termini and a highly conserved region that can be autoproteolytically cleaved. Although GPCRs overall have well-established pharmacological tractability, currently no therapies that target any of the 33 members of the aGPCR family are either approved or in clinical trials. However, human genetics and preclinical research have strengthened the links between aGPCRs and disease in recent years. This, together with a greater understanding of their functional complexity, has led to growing interest in aGPCRs as drug targets. A framework for prioritizing aGPCR targets and supporting approaches to develop aGPCR modulators could therefore be valuable in harnessing the untapped therapeutic potential of this family. With this in mind, here we discuss the unique opportunities and challenges for drug discovery in modulating aGPCR functions, including target identification, target validation, assay development and safety considerations, using ADGRG1 as an illustrative example.
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41
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Folts CJ, Giera S, Li T, Piao X. Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptors as Drug Targets for Neurological Diseases. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:278-293. [PMID: 30871735 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The family of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) consists of 33 members in humans. Although the majority are orphan receptors with unknown functions, many reports have demonstrated critical functions for some members of this family in organogenesis, neurodevelopment, myelination, angiogenesis, and cancer progression. Importantly, mutations in several aGPCRs have been linked to human diseases. The crystal structure of a shared protein domain, the GPCR Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain, has enabled the discovery of a common signaling mechanism - a tethered agonist - for this class of receptors. A series of recent reports has shed new light on their biological functions and disease relevance. This review focuses on these recent advances in our understanding of aGPCR biology in the nervous system and the untapped potential of aGPCRs as novel therapeutic targets for neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Folts
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Current address: Vertex Pharmaceuticals, 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Stefanie Giera
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Current address: Sanofi S.A., 49 New York Avenue, Framingham, MA 01701, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xianhua Piao
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Newborn Brain Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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42
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Structure of BAI1/ELMO2 complex reveals an action mechanism of adhesion GPCRs via ELMO family scaffolds. Nat Commun 2019; 10:51. [PMID: 30604775 PMCID: PMC6318265 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor (BAI) subfamily of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) plays crucial roles in diverse cellular processes including phagocytosis, myoblast fusion, and synaptic development through the ELMO/DOCK/Rac signaling pathway, although the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that an evolutionarily conserved fragment located in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of BAI-aGPCRs is specifically recognized by the RBD-ARR-ELMO (RAE) supramodule of the ELMO family scaffolds. The crystal structures of ELMO2-RAE and its complex with BAI1 uncover the molecular basis of BAI/ELMO interactions. Based on the complex structure we identify aGPCR-GPR128 as another upstream receptor for the ELMO family scaffolds, most likely with a recognition mode similar to that of BAI/ELMO interactions. Finally, we map disease-causing mutations of BAI and ELMO and analyze their effects on complex formation.
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43
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Moon SY, Shin SA, Oh YS, Park HH, Lee CS. Understanding the Role of the BAI Subfamily of Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) in Pathological and Physiological Conditions. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9120597. [PMID: 30513696 PMCID: PMC6316137 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitors (BAIs) 1, 2, and 3 are members of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptors, subfamily B, which share a conserved seven-transmembrane structure and an N-terminal extracellular domain. In cell- and animal-based studies, these receptors have been shown to play diverse roles under physiological and pathological conditions. BAI1 is an engulfment receptor and performs major functions in apoptotic-cell clearance and interacts (as a pattern recognition receptor) with pathogen components. BAI1 and -3 also participate in myoblast fusion. Furthermore, BAI1–3 have been linked to tumor progression and neurological diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the functions of BAI1–3 in pathological and physiological conditions and discuss future directions in terms of the importance of BAIs as pharmacological targets in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Moon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Seong-Ah Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Yong-Seok Oh
- Department of Brain-Cognitive Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Hyeonpung-myeon, Dalseong-gun, Daegu 42988, Korea.
| | - Hyun Ho Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Chang Sup Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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44
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Südhof TC. Towards an Understanding of Synapse Formation. Neuron 2018; 100:276-293. [PMID: 30359597 PMCID: PMC6226307 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Synapses are intercellular junctions specialized for fast, point-to-point information transfer from a presynaptic neuron to a postsynaptic cell. At a synapse, a presynaptic terminal secretes neurotransmitters via a canonical release machinery, while a postsynaptic specialization senses neurotransmitters via diverse receptors. Synaptic junctions are likely organized by trans-synaptic cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bidirectionally orchestrate synapse formation, restructuring, and elimination. Many candidate synaptic CAMs were described, but which CAMs are central actors and which are bystanders remains unclear. Moreover, multiple genes encoding synaptic CAMs were linked to neuropsychiatric disorders, but the mechanisms involved are unresolved. Here, I propose that engagement of multifarious synaptic CAMs produces parallel trans-synaptic signals that mediate the establishment, organization, and plasticity of synapses, thereby controlling information processing by neural circuits. Among others, this hypothesis implies that synapse formation can be understood in terms of inter- and intracellular signaling, and that neuropsychiatric disorders involve an impairment in such signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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45
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Gheibi Hayat SM, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Efferocytosis: molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological perspectives. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 97:124-133. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases; Department of Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center; Pharmaceutical Technology Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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46
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The Adhesion-GPCR BAI1 Promotes Excitatory Synaptogenesis by Coordinating Bidirectional Trans-synaptic Signaling. J Neurosci 2018; 38:8388-8406. [PMID: 30120207 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3461-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitatory synapses are specialized cell-cell contacts located on actin-rich dendritic spines that mediate information flow and storage in the brain. The postsynaptic adhesion-G protein-coupled receptor (A-GPCR) BAI1 is a critical regulator of excitatory synaptogenesis, which functions in part by recruiting the Par3-Tiam1 polarity complex to spines, inducing local Rac1 GTPase activation and actin cytoskeletal remodeling. However, a detailed mechanistic understanding of how BAI1 controls synapse and spine development remains elusive. Here, we confirm that BAI1 is required in vivo for hippocampal spine development, and we identify three distinct signaling mechanisms mediating BAI1's prosynaptogenic functions. Using in utero electroporation to sparsely knock down BAI1 expression in hippocampal pyramidal neurons, we show that BAI1 cell-autonomously promotes spinogenesis in the developing mouse brain. BAI1 appears to function as a receptor at synapses, as its extracellular N-terminal segment is required for both its prospinogenic and prosynaptogenic functions. Moreover, BAI1 activation with a Stachel-derived peptide, which mimics a tethered agonist motif found in A-GPCRs, drives synaptic Rac1 activation and subsequent spine and synapse development. We also reveal, for the first time, a trans-synaptic function for BAI1, demonstrating in a mixed-culture assay that BAI1 induces the clustering of presynaptic vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (vGluT1) in contacting axons, indicative of presynaptic differentiation. Finally, we show that BAI1 forms a receptor complex with the synaptogenic cell-adhesion molecule Neuroligin-1 (NRLN1) and mediates NRLN1-dependent spine growth and synapse development. Together, these findings establish BAI1 as an essential postsynaptic A-GPCR that regulates excitatory synaptogenesis by coordinating bidirectional trans-synaptic signaling in cooperation with NRLN1.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Adhesion-G protein-coupled receptors are cell-adhesion receptors with important roles in nervous system development, function, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The postsynaptic adhesion-G protein-coupled receptor BAI1 is a critical regulator of dendritic spine and excitatory synapse development. However, the mechanism by which BAI1 controls these functions remains unclear. Our study identifies three distinct signaling paradigms for BAI1, demonstrating that it mediates forward, reverse, and lateral signaling in spines. Activation of BAI1 by a Stachel-dependent mechanism induces local Rac1 activation and subsequent spinogenesis/synaptogenesis. BAI1 also signals trans-synaptically to promote presynaptic differentiation. Furthermore, BAI1 interacts with the postsynaptic cell-adhesion molecule Neuroligin-1 (NRLN1) and facilitates NRLN1-dependent spine growth and excitatory synaptogenesis. Thus, our findings establish BAI1 as a functional synaptogenic receptor that promotes presynaptic and postsynaptic development in cooperation with synaptic organizer NRLN1.
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47
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Choi JS, Bae WY, Nam S, Jeong JW. New Targets for Parkinson's Disease: Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor B1 is Downregulated by AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2018; 22:493-501. [PMID: 30004846 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2018.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
While progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration is responsible for the cardinal motor defects in Parkinson's disease (PD), new diagnostics and therapeutic targets are necessary to effectively address this major global health burden. We evaluated whether the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor B1 (ADGRB1, formerly BAI1, brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1) might contribute to dopaminergic neuronal loss. We used bioinformatic analyses, as well as in vitro and in vivo PD models. We report in this study that ADGRB1 is decreased in PD and that the ADGRB1 level is specifically decreased in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxicated mice. In primary mouse mesencephalic neurons and human neuroblastoma cell lines, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a toxic metabolite of MPTP, suppressed the expression of ADGRB1. Moreover, we applied a network generation tool, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis®, with the transcriptomics dataset to extend the upstream regulatory pathway of ADGRB1 expression. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was predicted as a regulator, and consequently, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide, a specific activator of AMPK, reduced the ADGRB1 protein level. Finally, ADGRB1 overexpression decreased nuclear condensation induced by MPP+ treatment. Taken together, we observed that decreased ADGRB1 by activation of AMPK induced neuronal cell death in MPTP/MPP+-mediated PD models, suggesting that ADGRB1 might potentially play a survival role in the neurodegenerative pathway of PD. These data offer new insights into dopaminergic cell death with therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sun Choi
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woom-Yee Bae
- 2 Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyoon Nam
- 3 Department of Genome Medicine and Science, College of Medicine, Gachon University , Incheon, Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Life Sciences, Gachon University , Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,5 Gachon Institute of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Won Jeong
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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48
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Zhu D, Osuka S, Zhang Z, Reichert ZR, Yang L, Kanemura Y, Jiang Y, You S, Zhang H, Devi NS, Bhattacharya D, Takano S, Gillespie GY, Macdonald T, Tan C, Nishikawa R, Nelson WG, Olson JJ, Van Meir EG. BAI1 Suppresses Medulloblastoma Formation by Protecting p53 from Mdm2-Mediated Degradation. Cancer Cell 2018; 33:1004-1016.e5. [PMID: 29894688 PMCID: PMC6002773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (ADGRs) encompass 33 human transmembrane proteins with long N termini involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. We show the ADGRB1 gene, which encodes Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1), is epigenetically silenced in medulloblastomas (MBs) through a methyl-CpG binding protein MBD2-dependent mechanism. Knockout of Adgrb1 in mice augments proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron precursors, and leads to accelerated tumor growth in the Ptch1+/- transgenic MB mouse model. BAI1 prevents Mdm2-mediated p53 polyubiquitination, and its loss substantially reduces p53 levels. Reactivation of BAI1/p53 signaling axis by a brain-permeable MBD2 pathway inhibitor suppresses MB growth in vivo. Altogether, our data define BAI1's physiological role in tumorigenesis and directly couple an ADGR to cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Satoru Osuka
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zhaobin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Liquan Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shuo You
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Narra S Devi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharya
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shingo Takano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - G Yancey Gillespie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Tobey Macdonald
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road N.E, C5078, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Chalet Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - William G Nelson
- Johns Hopkins University, 401 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Olson
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road N.E, C5078, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Erwin G Van Meir
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365C Clifton Road N.E, C5078, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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49
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Gao R, Li G, Yang R, Yuan H, Zhang S. Hippocampal β2‑microglobulin mediates sepsis‑induced cognitive impairment. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7813-7820. [PMID: 29620245 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute brain dysfunction is a frequent complication in sepsis patients and is associated with long‑term neurocognitive consequences and increased mortality, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Emerging evidence has suggested that β2‑microglobulin [a component of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules] is involved in cognitive dysfunction in various neurological diseases. Therefore, the present study tested the hypothesis that β2‑microglobulin in the brain also mediates sepsis‑induced cognitive impairment. In the present study, wild‑type and antigen processing 1 (Tap1)‑deficient mice (Tap1‑/‑) were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Survival rate, cognitive function, and biochemical analysis were performed at the indicated time points. The data revealed that CLP induced anxiety‑like behavior and impaired hippocampal‑dependent contextual memory in wild‑type mice, which was accompanied by hippocampal microglial activation, increased level of interleukin‑1β, and decreased concentrations of brain derived neurotrophic factor and postsynaptic density protein 95. Notably, it was demonstrated that Tap1‑/‑ mice with reduced cell surface expression of MHC I protected mice from anxiety‑like behavior and impaired hippocampal‑dependent contextual memory and reversed most of these biochemical parameters following sepsis development. In summary, the results of the present study suggest that β2‑microglobulin negatively regulates cognitive impairment in an animal model of sepsis induced by CLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Gao
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, P.R. China
| | - Guomin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Jintan Hospital, Jiangsu University, Jintan, Changzhou 213200, P.R. China
| | - Runhua Yang
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Shaogang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, P.R. China
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50
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Repeated shock stress facilitates basolateral amygdala synaptic plasticity through decreased cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase type IV (PDE4) expression. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:1731-1745. [PMID: 29204911 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that exposure to stressful events can enhance fear memory and anxiety-like behavior as well as increase synaptic plasticity in the rat basolateral amygdala (BLA). We have evidence that repeated unpredictable shock stress (USS) elicits a long-lasting increase in anxiety-like behavior in rats, but the cellular mechanisms mediating this response remain unclear. Evidence from recent morphological studies suggests that alterations in the dendritic arbor or spine density of BLA principal neurons may underlie stress-induced anxiety behavior. Recently, we have shown that the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in BLA principal neurons is dependent on activation of postsynaptic D1 dopamine receptors and the subsequent activation of the cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling cascade. Here, we have used in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recording from BLA principal neurons to investigate the long-term consequences of USS on their morphological properties and synaptic plasticity. We provided evidence that the enhanced anxiety-like behavior in response to USS was not associated with any significant change in the morphological properties of BLA principal neurons, but was associated with a changed frequency dependence of synaptic plasticity, lowered LTP induction threshold, and reduced expression of phosphodiesterase type 4 enzymes (PDE4s). Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of PDE4 activity with rolipram mimics the effects of chronic stress on LTP induction threshold and baseline startle. Our results provide the first evidence that stress both enhances anxiety-like behavior and facilitates synaptic plasticity in the amygdala through a common mechanism of PDE4-mediated disinhibition of cAMP-PKA signaling.
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