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Rzeszutek M, Czerwonka M, Stasiak A, Drabarek K, Van Hoy A, Pięta-Lendzion M, Gruszczyńska E. Stability of subjective well-being during the economic crisis: A four-wave latent transition analysis in a national sample of Poles. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 39370750 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine profiles of subjective well-being (SWB) and their stability during the economic hardships associated with the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Selected sociodemographic, personality, and context-related variables were tested as covariates. Data were collected from 1755 participants (mean age 45.75 ± 15.99 years) in a nationwide panel over four waves (from November 2022 to June 2023; 34.3% dropout rate). SWB was measured using the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, while personality traits were assessed with the Ten-Item Personality Inventory. Latent profile and transition analyses identified four SWB profiles (ambivalent, average, low, high) that remained stable over 8 months despite a significant drop in the inflation rate. Subjectively evaluated financial situation and the perceived impact of inflation on the household were significant covariates of profile membership, even after controlling for personality traits. The results of this study support the set-point theory of SWB and suggest that SWB is stable under socially shared circumstances of economic hardships, which may be attributed to both individual-level and country-level processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Rzeszutek
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, Warsaw, 00-183, Poland
| | - Monika Czerwonka
- Warsaw School of Economics, Institute of Finance, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrianna Stasiak
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, Warsaw, 00-183, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Drabarek
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, Warsaw, 00-183, Poland
| | - Angelika Van Hoy
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, Warsaw, 00-183, Poland
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Cadet K, Hill AV, Gilreath TD, Johnson RM. Grade-Level Differences in the Profiles of Substance Use and Behavioral Health Problems: A Multi-Group Latent Class Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1196. [PMID: 39338079 PMCID: PMC11431565 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21091196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
We investigated associations between polysubstance use and behavioral problems among adolescents. Because substance use becomes more developmentally normative with age, we examined whether polysubstance use was less likely to co-occur with behavioral problems among older (vs. younger) adolescents. Using data from a nationally representative survey of US high school students, we compared the association between polysubstance use (i.e., use of alcohol, cannabis, tobacco/nicotine, and illicit drugs) and behavioral problems (i.e., suicide attempts, depressive symptoms, poor school performance, and sexual risk behaviors) by grade level. We conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to characterize patterns of polysubstance use, and multi-group LCA to estimate invariance by grade. Among the three latent classes that emerged, classes were distinguished by having low, moderate, and high probabilities for behavior problems and use of substances. Class I comprised 52% of the sample, whereas classes II and III comprised 35% and 12% of the sample, respectively. The multi-group LCA showed that younger adolescents had a higher relative probability of co-occurring problem behaviors and polysubstance use. Findings may be helpful in targeting screening and prevention efforts of high school students by grade. Specifically, our results provide evidence that associations between behavioral problems and alcohol/drug use are weaker in later high school grades, suggesting that substance use may not be a weaker marker of behavioral problems for students in higher grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kechna Cadet
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New Yok, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Ashley V. Hill
- Division of Community Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- Center for Health Equity and Evaluation Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tamika D. Gilreath
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Renee M. Johnson
- Center for Health Equity and Evaluation Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Shoushtari-Moghaddam E, Asadollahi A, Kaveh MH. Validation of the Retirement Resources Inventory in Persian: Assessing Psychometric Properties among Iranian Retirees. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2024; 2024:1467773. [PMID: 39228469 PMCID: PMC11368552 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1467773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Retirement resources are considered one of the key determinants of well-being and coping with the challenging situations of retirement courses. Therefore, due to the lack of a valid questionnaire for research and practice at the national level as well as international comparisons, this study was conducted to translate the original retirement resources inventory into Persian and assess the validity and reliability of the Persian version. Materials and Methods The research employed a cross-sectional descriptive methodological approach, beginning with translating the questionnaire into Persian. Psychometric properties were evaluated through face, content, construct validity, and reliability tests. 335 participants were involved in assessing construct validity, while 30 participants contributed to the internal consistency test, and 20 took part in the test-retest reliability test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 26 and AMOS 24 software. Results The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed eight components with eigenvalues greater than 1, accounting for 46.68% of the variance, with no questions being removed. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that all items had a factor loading above 0.3, resulting in a final model with 35 items and eight factors, supported by fit indices (χ 2/df = 1.95, TLI: 0.87, IFI = 0.88, RMSEA = 0.05, GFI: 0.85). Reliability measures showed Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.71 to 0.83 and an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.93. Conclusion The study concludes that the Persian version of the RRI, encompassing 35 items across eight dimensions, is a valid and reliable tool for the Iranian retiree population. This validated inventory can be utilized in future national and international studies, particularly experimental ones, to develop well-being and retirement adjustment programs, thereby aiding in understanding and supporting Iranian retirees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Shoushtari-Moghaddam
- Student Research CommitteeDepartment of Health Education and PromotionSchool of HealthShiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolrahim Asadollahi
- Department of GerontologySchool of HealthShiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Kaveh
- Research Center for Health SciencesInstitute of HealthDepartment of Health Education and PromotionSchool of HealthShiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Rzeszutek M, Kowalkowska J, Drabarek K, Van Hoy A, Schier K, Lis-Turlejska M, Dragan M, Holas P, Maison D, Litwin E, Wawrzyniak J, Znamirowska W, Szumiał S, Desmond M. Adverse childhood experiences and alexithymia intensity as predictors of temporal dynamics of functioning in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome: A three-wave latent transition analysis. J Psychosom Res 2024; 187:111904. [PMID: 39298867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite high prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and its significant negative impact on individuals' quality of life, its etiology remains poorly understood. This prospective study explored whether early life factors (adverse childhood experiences; ACEs) and alexithymia intensity, could explain IBS symptom severity and its effects on psychological functioning over time. We also compared the studied variables between an IBS sample and a healthy control group. METHOD Based on the Rome III Diagnostic Criteria for IBS, 245 individuals with a diagnosis of IBS were recruited from a national sample of Poles. The IBS sample completed the following psychometric questionaries in three waves, one month apart: Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, IBS Symptom Severity Score, Short Form Perceived Stress Scale, and Ultra-Brief Patient Health Questionnaire for Anxiety and Depression. Latent transition analysis was used to identify distinct profiles of IBS symptom dynamics. RESULTS The IBS group reported a significantly higher number of ACEs, greater alexithymia severity, and more intense levels of stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms compared to the healthy controls. Four profiles of IBS individuals with distinct dynamics of IBS symptoms, stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were extracted, which correlated with the baseline number of ACEs and alexithymia intensity among participants. CONCLUSION Childhood adversity and associated problems in emotional processing affect IBS symptom severity. ACEs should be included in IBS screening and considered in the design of individualized multidisciplinary treatment approaches for IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Kowalkowska
- Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Maja Lis-Turlejska
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Holas
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Małgorzata Desmond
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, United Kingdom
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Hidalgo MA, Chen D, Tishelman AC, Olson-Kennedy J, Chan YM, Garofalo R, Petras H, Rosenthal SM, Ehrensaft D. Childhood Gender Diversity and Mental Health: Protocol for the Longitudinal, Observational Gender Journey Project. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e55558. [PMID: 39121472 PMCID: PMC11344181 DOI: 10.2196/55558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prepubertal transgender, nonbinary, and gender-diverse (TGD) children (ie, those asserting gender identity, expressing gender-role behavior outside of culturally defined norms for their sex registered at birth, or both) are presenting in greater numbers to pediatric gender clinics across the United States and abroad. A large subset of TGD children experiences gender dysphoria, that is, distress that arises from the incongruence between gender identity and sex registered at birth. A lack of consensus exists regarding care for prepubertal TGD children due, in part, to a dearth of empirical research on longitudinal developmental trajectories of gender identity, role behavior, and gender dysphoria (when present). OBJECTIVE The objective of this National Institutes of Health-funded study is to provide evidence to inform clinical care for prepubertal TGD children by establishing a US longitudinal cohort (N=248) of prepubertal TGD children and their caregivers that is followed prospectively at 6-month intervals across 18 months. METHODS At each timepoint, clinical and behavioral data are collected via web-based visit from child and caregiver reporters. Latent class analysis, among other methods, is used to identify subgroups and longitudinally characterize the gender identity and gender-role behavior of TGD children. These models will define longitudinal patterns of gender identity stability and characterize the relationship between TGD classes and mental and behavioral health outcomes, including the moderating role of social gender transition (when present), on these associations. RESULTS Baseline data collection (N=248) is complete, and the identification of TGD subgroups based on gender identity and expression using latent class analysis is anticipated in 2024. The completion of all 4 waves of data collection is anticipated in July 2024, coinciding with the start of a no-cost study extension period. We anticipate longitudinal analyses to be completed by winter 2024. CONCLUSIONS Through a longitudinal observational design, this research involving prepubertal TGD children and their caregivers aims to provide empirical knowledge on gender development in a US sample of TGD children, their mental health symptomology and functioning over time, and how family initiated social gender transition may predict or alleviate mental health symptoms or diagnoses. The research findings have promise for clinicians and families aiming to ensure the best developmental outcome for these children as they develop into adolescents. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/55558.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Hidalgo
- Internal Medicine-Pediatrics and Preventive Medicine Section, Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Gender Health Program, UCLA Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Diane Chen
- Gender & Sex Development Program, Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amy C Tishelman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Johanna Olson-Kennedy
- Center for Transyouth Health and Development, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yee-Ming Chan
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert Garofalo
- Gender & Sex Development Program, Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hanno Petras
- National Capital Region Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Beltsville, MD, United States
| | - Stephen M Rosenthal
- Child and Adolescent Gender Center, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Diane Ehrensaft
- Child and Adolescent Gender Center, Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Dunnack Yackel H, Xu W, Lee JW, Cong X, Salner A, Duffy VB, Judge MP. Symptom Patterning Across the Cancer Care Trajectory for Patients Receiving Chemoradiation for Head and Neck Cancer: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study Using Latent Transition Analysis. Cancer Nurs 2024; 47:261-270. [PMID: 36881642 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience a multitude of symptoms because of the tumor and its treatment. OBJECTIVE To identify the symptom patterns present in cancer treatment and survivorship periods for patients with HNC using latent class analysis. METHODS A retrospective longitudinal chart review was conducted to examine symptoms reported by patients who received concurrent chemoradiation for HNC in a regional Northeastern United States cancer institute. Latent class analysis was performed to identify the latent classes present across multiple timepoints during treatment and survivorship for the most commonly reported symptoms. RESULTS In 275 patients with HNC, the latent transition analysis revealed 3 latent classes for both treatment and survivorship periods: (1) mild, (2) moderate, and (3) severe symptoms. Patients were more likely to report a greater number of symptoms in a more severe latent class. During treatment, moderate and severe classes had representation of all most common symptoms: pain, mucositis, taste alterations, xerostomia, dysphagia, and fatigue. Different symptom patterns emerged for survivorship, with prominence of taste alterations and xerostomia across all classes, and all symptoms present in the severe class. The probability of symptom expression varied more in the survivorship period compared with the treatment period. CONCLUSIONS Patients reported numerous symptoms during active treatment persisting into survivorship. Patients tended to transition to more severe symptomatology as treatment progressed and to more moderate symptomatology as survivorship evolved. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Examining the trend of persistent moderate symptomatology into survivorship is useful to optimize symptom management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Dunnack Yackel
- Author Affiliations: School of Nursing (Drs Dunnack Yackel, Xu, Cong, and Judge) and Department of Statistics (Mr Lee), University of Connecticut, Storrs; Yale University, Orange (Dr Cong); Hartford HealthCare Cancer Institute at Hartford Hospital, Hartford (Drs Dunnack Yackel and Salner); School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington (Dr Salner); and College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Dr Duffy), Connecticut
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Potosky AL, Ahn J, Xia Y, Lin L, Chen RC, Graves KD, Pan W, Fall-Dickson JM, Keegan THM, Paddock LE, Wu XC, Shrestha A, Reeve BB. Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Health-Related Quality-of-Life Profiles Among Prostate Cancer Survivors. JCO Oncol Pract 2024; 20:921-931. [PMID: 38466917 DOI: 10.1200/op.24.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our purpose was to describe the prevalence and predictors of symptom and function clusters related to physical, emotional, and social components of general health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a population-based sample of prostate cancer (PCa) survivors. METHODS Participants (N = 1,162) completed a baseline survey at a median of 9 months after diagnosis to ascertain the co-occurrence of eight symptom and functional domains that are common across all cancers and not treatment-specific. We used latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify subgroup profiles of survivors with low, moderate, or high HRQOL levels. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with survivors' membership in the low versus moderate or high HRQOL profile. RESULTS The LPA identified 16% of survivors who were categorized in the low HRQOL profile at baseline, indicative of the highest symptom burden and lowest functioning. Factors related to survivors' membership in the low versus higher HRQOL profile groups included less than age 65 years at diagnosis, identifying as non-Hispanic Black race, not working, being a former versus never smoker, systemic therapy, less companionship, more comorbidities, lower health care financial well-being, or less spirituality. Several factors remained associated with remaining in the low versus higher HRQOL profiles on the follow-up survey (n = 699), including younger age, Black race, comorbidity, and lower financial and spiritual well-being. CONCLUSION About one of six PCa survivors experienced elevated physical and psychosocial symptoms that were independent of local curative therapy, but with younger age, race, comorbidity, and lower financial and spiritual well-being as stable risk factors for poor HRQOL over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold L Potosky
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Jaeil Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Yi Xia
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Center for Health Measurement, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Ronald C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS
| | - Kristi D Graves
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Nursing, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Jane M Fall-Dickson
- Georgetown University School of Nursing, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
- Daniel K. Inouye School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Theresa H M Keegan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California-Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Lisa E Paddock
- Rutgers School of Public Health and Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Xiao-Cheng Wu
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, Louisiana Tumor Registry, New Orleans, LA
| | - Anshu Shrestha
- Public Health Institute, Cancer Registry of Greater California, Sacramento, CA
| | - Bryce B Reeve
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Center for Health Measurement, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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Lund L, Andersen S, Ritz C, Bast LS. Predicting longitudinal changes in patterns of tobacco and nicotine product use among adolescents: A Latent Transition Analysis based on the X:IT study. Soc Sci Med 2024; 352:117029. [PMID: 38843676 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding factors influencing the transition from non-use to tobacco and nicotine product initiation among adolescents is crucial for designing and implementing effective preventive strategies. This study explores transition patterns among 13-15-year-old adolescents in lower secondary school, focusing on the transition from non-use to tobacco and nicotine product initiation and the influence of individual, social, risk behavioral, and mental health factors on this transition. METHODS Based on data from a Danish smoking prevention trial between 2017 and 2019, this study employed questionnaire surveys at three time points: baseline (start of seventh grade, n = 1,990, response rate = 86.3%), eight-month follow-up (end of seventh grade, n = 1,666, response rate = 74,8%), and 20-month follow-up (end of eighth grade, n = 1,149, response rate = 70,6%). Tobacco and nicotine use indicators included current and lifetime use of cigarettes and lifetime use of e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and hookah. A latent transition analysis was applied to identify longitudinal transition patterns across waves and to explore predictors of these patterns. RESULTS Three user classes emerged across all waves: none-use, lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use, and poly-tobacco use. While the most prevalent class was the non-user class (71%-86%), the proportion of the lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette class increased over time (from 12% to 17%). Similarly, the poly-tobacco user class increased from 2% to 12%. The probability of transitioning from non-use to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use increased from 0.5% at baseline to 12% by the second follow-up, while the probability of transitioning from lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use remained stable over time (12%-15%). Across all waves, elevated risk behavior predicted this transition. For instance, binge-drinking (OR = 3.76, 95% CI: 1.51-9.34), susceptibility to smoking (OR = 7.63, 95% CI: 3.68-16.83), and truancy (OR = 7.00, 95% CI: 1.98-24.59) influenced the transition from non-use at baseline to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use at first follow-up. Additionally, boys, adolescents with low socioeconomic status, low life satisfaction, and those with smoking friends or parents were more likely to transition from non-use to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that sociodemographic, social risk, behavioral, and mental health factors impact the transition from non-use to lifetime e-cigarette and cigarette use. The findings provide valuable insights for developing targeted preventive strategies focusing on these influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth Lund
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde, 61455, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Susan Andersen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde, 61455, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Ritz
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde, 61455, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lotus Sofie Bast
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde, 61455, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Hong L, Xu H, Zheng J, Lin X, Wang L, Zhao C, Tu X, Zhang J, Zhao K, Zhang G. Latent Profiles and Transitions of Bedtime Procrastination Among Chinese College Students: The Predictive Roles of Anxiety, Depression, Problematic Smartphone Use and Self-Control. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:801-811. [PMID: 38911318 PMCID: PMC11192292 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s462055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bedtime procrastination (BP) has become an important factor affecting individual well-being. This study aimed to assess the stability and changes in BP and examine risk and protective factors. Methods The study recruited 1423 respondents. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of BP and latent transition analysis to determine transition probabilities for each subgroup. Logistic regression examined associations between identified classes and related factors. Results Three subgroups of BP were identified. In terms of stability and changes, the moderate bedtime procrastination group showed the highest stability (66%), followed by the severe bedtime procrastination group (62.4%), and the mild bedtime procrastination group had a 52% probability of switching to moderate bedtime procrastination. In terms of influencing factors, more problematic phone use (PSU) (OR: 1.08; 95% CI = 1.05-1.12), more depression (OR: 1.17; 95% CI = 1.06-1.29) and anxiety (OR: 1.16; 95% CI = 1.05-1.28) are all factors that aggravate the transition from mild to moderate sleep procrastination. Similarly, PSU (OR: 1.15; 95% CI = 1.12-1.19), anxiety (OR: 1.10; 95% CI = 1.06-1.14), and depression (OR: 1.10; 95% CI = 1.06-1.14) increased the risk of severe bedtime procrastination. Self-control emerged as a protective factor against BP. Conclusion This study identified three subgroups of BP at two time points and the rule of transition for each subgroup. Our findings indicate that BP were relatively stable, with some changes over time. The results also highlight the important function that PSU, depression, anxiety, and self-control can play in preventing and intervening in BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Hong
- Lishui Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huihui Xu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Zheng
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiujian Lin
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjia Zhao
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolian Tu
- School of Renji, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Lishui Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
- Institute Of Aging, Key Laboratory Of Alzheimer’s Disease Of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People’s Republic of China
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Black N, Noghrehchi F, Yuen WS, Aiken A, Clare PJ, Chan G, Kypri K, McBride N, Bruno R, Slade T, Boland V, Mattick R, Peacock A. Transitions to polysubstance use: Prospective cohort study of adolescents in Australia. Addiction 2024; 119:1100-1110. [PMID: 38499496 DOI: 10.1111/add.16468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adolescent polysubstance use has been associated with adverse social and health outcomes. Our aim was to measure rates and transitions to polysubstance use during adolescence and identify factors associated with initiation and discontinuation of polysubstance use. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Multistate Markov modelling was used to estimate rates and identify correlates of transitions between substance use states. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Adolescent-parent dyads (n = 1927; adolescents in grade 7, age ≈13 years) were recruited from Australian schools during 2010/11 (Wave 1). Adolescents were surveyed annually until 2016/17 (n = 1503; age ≈19 years; Wave 7) and parents were surveyed annually until 2014/15 (Wave 5). MEASUREMENTS Alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use outcomes were collected at Waves 3-7. Potential confounders were collected at Waves 1-6 and consisted of sex, anxiety and depression symptoms and externalizing problems, parental monitoring, family conflict and cohesion, parental substance use and peer substance use. Covariates were age and family socioeconomic status. FINDINGS Few adolescents engaged in polysubstance use at earlier waves (Wave 3: 5%; Wave 4: 8%), but proportions increased sharply across adolescence (Waves 5-7: 17%, 24%, 36%). Rates of transitioning to polysubstance use increased with age, with few (<9%) adolescents transitioning out. More externalizing problems (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10; 99.6% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07-1.14), parental heavy episodic drinking (OR = 1.22; 99.6% CI = 1.07-1.40), parental illicit substance use (OR = 3.56; 99.6% CI = 1.43-8.86), peer alcohol use (OR = 5.68; 99.6% CI = 1.59-20.50) and peer smoking (OR = 4.18; 99.6% CI = 1.95-8.81) were associated with transitioning to polysubstance use. CONCLUSIONS Polysubstance use in Australia appears to be rare during early adolescence but more common in later adolescence with low rates of transitioning out. Externalizing problems and greater parental and peer substance use are risk factors for adolescent polysubstance use that may be suitable intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Black
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Firouzeh Noghrehchi
- Biomedical Informatics and Digital Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Wing See Yuen
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Alexandra Aiken
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Philip J Clare
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
- Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Gary Chan
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kypros Kypri
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Nyanda McBride
- National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Shenton Park, Australia
| | - Raimondo Bruno
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Veronica Boland
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Richard Mattick
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Amy Peacock
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Moggia D, Lutz W, Kazantzis N, Schwartz B, Bakker D. Symptom Reduction and Engagement in a Cognitive-Behavioral Mobile Phone App: A Study of User Profiling to Determine Prognostic Indicators. Behav Ther 2024; 55:217-232. [PMID: 38418036 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the presence of latent transition profiles in a sample of users of a cognitive-behavioral mental health app for the general population. Users' baseline characteristics were used as predictors of the profiles. The role of engagement with the app in the transition profiles was examined. METHOD A total of 541 users completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 when started using the app and 30 days after. Random-Intercept Latent Transition Analysis was implemented to identify users' profiles and transition patterns as classes. The age of the users and the Emotional Self-Awareness Scale-Revised (ESAS-R) were used as predictors of class membership at baseline. The Homework Rating Scale-Mobile Application (HRS-MA; as a measure of engagement) was used as a predictor of class membership at 30 days of app use. RESULTS A 3-class solution was obtained according to the severity of symptoms (from mild to moderately severe). Age and ESAS-R predicted class membership initially; the higher the age and ESAS-R, the higher the probability of starting using the app with lower distress levels. The HRS-MA predicted class membership at 30 days of app use; the higher the engagement for more symptomatic and younger users, the higher the probability of improvement. However, older users tended to engage less. CONCLUSION Our findings underpin the relevance of easily accessible digital interventions for young adults with mild to moderate mental health problems. Further studies and developments are required to enhance these apps for older cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikolaos Kazantzis
- Cognitive Behavior Therapy Research Unit; Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy
| | | | - David Bakker
- Monash University; University of Tasmania; Cognitive Behavior Therapy Research Unit
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Chen D, Zhou X, Wu H, Ying J, Shen Y, Zhu Q, You J. The impacts of latent profiles and transitions of stresses on adolescent mental health: A person-centred analysis. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3261. [PMID: 37199056 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated robust links between adolescent stress and serious psychological problems. The current study aimed to identify latent stress profiles of 1510 adolescents (59.7% females; Mage = 16.77 years, SD = 0.86) based on five stresses (parental stresses, family environment stresses, academic stresses, teacher stresses, and peer stresses) at three time points (T1/2/3). Moreover, this study would investigate the transition patterns of these profiles over time and examine the associations between the profiles and adverse psychological symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression, nonsuicidal self-injury [NSSI], and suicidal ideation). Three latent stress profiles were identified, including High-stress profile, Medium-stress profile, and Low-stress profile. The three profiles were significantly different on the levels of T1/2/3 anxiety, depression, NSSI, and suicidal ideation. The profile memberships remained relatively stable across three time points. Notably, the present study found gender differences, with boys were more likely to be in the High-stress profile and to transition from the Medium- to the High-stress profile, compared to girls. Furthermore, left-behind adolescents were more likely to be in the High-stress profile than non-left-behind adolescents. The findings highlight the importance of adopting 'this-approach-fits-this-profile' interventions for adolescents. Parents and teachers are advised to adopt different strategies for girls and boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrui Chen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinglin Zhou
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijiao Wu
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiefeng Ying
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhong Shen
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qixin Zhu
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianing You
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Kreitzberg DS, Pasch KE, Loukas A. Longitudinal patterns of cannabis and tobacco co-administration and concurrent use among young adult college students. Addict Behav 2024; 148:107871. [PMID: 37778233 PMCID: PMC11247418 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Co-use, including concurrent use or co-administration, of cannabis and tobacco is most prevalent in young adulthood and associated with worse health outcomes than use of either substance alone. This study examined latent classes of tobacco and cannabis concurrent use and co-administration, and transitions between classes from 2016 to 2019, among a sample of young adult college students in Texas. METHODS Participants included 4,448 young adults (64.2% female, 64.7% non-white, mean age = 20.5) in a longitudinal cohort study. Measures included past 30-day use of cigarettes. hookah, cigars, ENDS, cannabis, and cannabis and tobacco co-administration. Latent Markov models were used to estimate latent class membership and transitions between classes from 2016 to 2017 and 2017 to 2019. RESULTS Four latent classes emerged: non-use (58% of students) characterized by low/no probability of any use; general use (19%) characterized by some level of use of all behaviors; blunt and cannabis use class (13%) characterized by high probabilities of cannabis use and co-administration with blunts; and concurrent and co-administration use (10%) with high probabilities of cigarette, cannabis, blunt, and spliff use. Most students remained in the same latent class from 2016 to 2019. CONCLUSIONS While most students reported low/no tobacco and cannabis co-use, those who used cannabis and/or tobacco remained in their use classes over the course of the study (2016 to 2019). Public health advocates on college campuses should consider prevention and cessation programs that incorporate the constellation of behaviors related to cannabis and tobacco co-use and educate students about the health consequences of co-use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Kreitzberg
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Keryn E Pasch
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Alexandra Loukas
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Min SH, Lee C, Scroggins JK, Yang Q. Transitions in Social Networks From Young-Old to Old-Old Stage of Life Using Latent Transition Analysis. J Aging Health 2024; 36:110-119. [PMID: 37207348 DOI: 10.1177/08982643231177400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to identify the different types of social networks among young-old adults, and to examine the transitions in social networks as they become old-old adults. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis using the longitudinal data (N = 1092) from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify optimal number of classes and latent transition analysis was conducted to examine the transition probabilities. Results: Young-old adults in Class 1: family-oriented, social (close, external) transitioned into Class 2: family-oriented, non-social over time. In contrast, young-old adults in Class 2: family-oriented, non-social and Class 3: less family-oriented, social (close) were less likely to transition to another class. Conclusion: Older adults engaged in less social activities over time. Older adults should be encouraged to continue their social engagement with close social network of friends and relatives, and to maintain their relationship with family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Min
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiyoung Lee
- School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA, USA
| | | | - Qing Yang
- School of Nursing, Duke University Durham, Durham, NC, USA
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Marceau K. The role of parenting in developmental trajectories of risk for adolescent substance use: a bioecological systems cascade model. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1277419. [PMID: 38054168 PMCID: PMC10694242 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1277419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parenting is a key influence and prevention target for adolescent substance use, and changes dramatically in form and function during adolescence. This theoretical synthesis reviews evidence of associations of substance use-specific parenting behaviors, dimensions, and styles with adolescent substance use, and integrates key developmental and family theories (e.g., bioecological, dynamical systems, family systems, developmental cascades) and methodological-conceptual advances to illustrate the complex role that parenting plays for the development of adolescent substance use in combination with child and contextual influences. The resulting bioecological systems cascade model centers the dynamic co-development of parenting and child influences in developmental cascades that lead to more or less risk for adolescent substance use. These trajectories are initiated by intergenerational influences, including genetics, parents' familial environments, and child-parent attachment. Culture and context influences are a holistic backdrop shaping parent-adolescent trajectories. Parenting is influences are conceptualized as a complex process by which specific parenting behaviors are informed by and accumulate into parenting dimensions which together comprise general parenting styles and are informed by the broader family context. The co-development of parenting and child biobehavioral risk is shaped by both parents and children, including by the genetics and environments they do and do not share. This co-development is dynamic, and developmental transitions of individuals and the family lead to periods of increased lability or variability that can change the longer-term trajectories of children's risk for substance use. Methodological avenues for future studies to operationalize the model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Marceau
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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16
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Sepriano A, van Dijk B, Ramiro S, van der Helm-van Mil A, Combe B, van Schaardenburg D, de Wit M, Kent A, Mateus E, Landewé R. Distinction and prognosis of early arthritis phenotypes: an analysis in three European cohorts. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003611. [PMID: 37914180 PMCID: PMC10626756 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to evaluate whether there are differences in the long-term prognosis across various phenotypes of early arthritis (EA). METHODS Three EA cohorts (Reade, Etude et Suivi des Polyarthrites Indifférenciées Récentes (ESPOIR) and Early Arthritis Clinic (EAC)) were analysed. Clinical data were collected up to 24 years. Hands and feet radiographs were scored according to the Sharp van der Heijde (SvdH) method. Latent class analysis was applied to determine the EA phenotypes at baseline. Each class received a label reflecting its most prominent features. Prognostic outcomes included Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Short Form 36 (SF36) and SvdH score. The association between class membership and outcomes over time was tested in multivariable models. RESULTS In total, 390 (Reade), 798 (ESPOIR) and 3991 (EAC) patients were analysed separately. Two classes with symmetrical polyarthritis emerged; one of these labelled as autoimmune inflammatory polyarthritis (AIPA), had high likelihood of acute phase reactants (APR) elevation and autoantibody positivity, while the other (mild-inflammatory polyarthritis; MIPA) had not. A third class had oligoarthritis of upper limbs (OAUL) and could be subdivided into autoimmune OAUL and mild-inflammatory OAUL. A fifth class had oligoarthritis of lower limbs. The SvdH scores were worse in patients with APR/autoantibodies (AIPA) than in those without (MIPA). No clinically meaningful differences across classes in HAQ or SF36 over time were found. CONCLUSION Radiographic progression over time primarily occurs in EA patients with APR/autoantibodies. The absence of these markers, however, does not necessarily translate into better long-term function and quality of life. Clinicians should not only aim at preventing joint damage, but look beyond structural progression in order to further improve the lives of people with EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Sepriano
- NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Sofia Ramiro
- Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Centre Heerlen, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Maarten de Wit
- EULAR Patient Research Partner Network, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alison Kent
- EULAR Patient Research Partner Network, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elsa Mateus
- EULAR Patient Research Partner Network, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Robert Landewé
- Amsterdam Rheumatology Center, AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, Netherlands
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Min SH, Topaz M, Lee C, Schnall R. Racial Differences in Older Adult's Mental Health and Cognitive Symptomatology: Identifying Subgroups Using Multiple-Group Latent Class Analysis. J Aging Health 2023:8982643231212547. [PMID: 37907211 PMCID: PMC11139013 DOI: 10.1177/08982643231212547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known on the potential racial differences in latent subgroup membership based on mental health and cognitive symptomatology among older adults. METHODS This is a secondary data analysis of Wave 2 data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 1819). Symptoms were depression, anxiety, loneliness, happiness, and cognition. Multiple-group latent class analysis was conducted to identify latent subgroups based on mental health and cognitive symptoms and to compare these differences between race. RESULTS Class 1: "Severe Cognition & Mild-Moderate Mood Impaired," Class 2: "Moderate Cognition & Mood Impaired," and Class 3: "Mild Cognition Impaired & Healthy Mood" were identified. Black older adults were more likely to be in Class 1 while White older adults were more likely to be in Class 2 and Class 3. DISCUSSION Clinicians need to provide culturally-sensitive care when assessing and treating symptoms across different racial groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Min
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maxim Topaz
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chiyoung Lee
- Bothell School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Washington, Bothell, WA, USA
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18
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Held T, Hascher T. Stability and change of secondary school students' motivation profiles in mathematics: Effects of a student intervention. J Sch Psychol 2023; 100:101240. [PMID: 37689440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2023.101240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
There is high agreement that motivation is an important factor for successful learning processes and outcomes. But how do students differ in terms of motivation and how do these differences affect the effectiveness of a motivation intervention? As an intervention interacts with students' characteristics, students' heterogeneity must be considered and homogeneous intervention effects must be critically examined. This study aimed to identify motivation profiles of a specifically vulnerable student group, namely students in the lowest ability tier in the learning of mathematics. Within the framework of self-determination theory, we investigated how these profiles changed during Grade 7 and Grade 8. Furthermore, the study examined whether a particular intervention setting aimed at promoting positive emotions and motivation in learning had an impact on the patterns of change in the specific motivation profiles compared to students in the control condition. A latent profile analysis based on self-reported intrinsic, identified, introjected, and external regulation of 348 students revealed three motivation profiles, consisting of (a) low-mixed, (b) high-mixed, and (c) self-determined. Results of the latent transition analysis indicated that the majority of students tended to remain in the same profile and also revealed different effects of the intervention on different motivation profiles. The intervention seemed to be better tailored to students in the low-mixed motivation profile than to students in other profiles. This result highlights the nature of differential effects between students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Held
- Department of Research in School and Learning, Institute of Educational Science, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Tina Hascher
- Department of Research in School and Learning, Institute of Educational Science, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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Karamouzian M, Cui Z, Hayashi K, DeBeck K, Milloy MJ, Buxton JA, Kerr T. Longitudinal latent polysubstance use patterns among a cohort of people who use opioids in Vancouver, Canada. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:1493-1503. [PMID: 37282794 PMCID: PMC10705814 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polysubstance use (PSU) practices are increasing among people who use opioids (PWUO). However, several aspects of longitudinal PSU patterns among PWUO remain understudied. This study aims to identify person-centred longitudinal patterns of PSU among a cohort of PWUO. METHODS Using longitudinal data (2005-2018) from three prospective cohort studies including people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada, we used repeated measures latent class analysis to identify different PSU classes among PWUO. Multivariable generalised estimating equations models weighted by the respective posterior membership probabilities were applied to identify covariates of membership in different PSU classes over time. RESULTS Overall, 2627 PWUO (median age at baseline: 36 [quartile 1-3: 25-45]) were included between 2005 and 2018. We found five distinct PSU patterns, including low/infrequent probability of regular substance use (Class 1; 30%), primarily opioid and methamphetamine use (Class 2; 22%), primarily cannabis use (Class 3; 15%), primarily opioid and crack use (Class 4; 29%) and frequent PSU (Class 5; 4%). Membership in Class 2, 4 and 5 was positively associated with several behavioural and socio-structural adversities. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Findings of this longitudinal study suggest PSU is the norm among PWUO and highlights the heterogeneous characteristics of PWUO. The diversities within the population of PWUO need to be recognised in addiction care and treatment as well as optimising resource allocation in the response to the overdose crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Karamouzian
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zishan Cui
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kanna Hayashi
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kora DeBeck
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M-J Milloy
- Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jane A. Buxton
- Centre on Drug Policy Evaluation, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Thomas Kerr
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Wiginton JM, Booth R, Eaton LA, Smith LR, da Silva CE, Patterson TL, Pitpitan EV. Injection Drug Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among People who Inject Drugs in Ukraine: A Random-Intercept Latent Transition Analysis. AIDS Behav 2023; 27:3012-3026. [PMID: 36929321 PMCID: PMC10019801 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
HIV transmission in Ukraine is driven in part by unsafe injection drug use and sexual risk behaviors among people who inject drugs. We performed a random-intercept latent transition analysis on responses to 9 binary injection drug use and sexual behavior items from 1195 people who inject drugs with negative HIV status enrolled in a clustered randomized clinical trial of a social network intervention in Odessa, Donetsk, and Nikolayev, Ukraine. We identified 5 baseline classes: "Social injection/equipment-sharing" (11.7%), "Social injection" (25.9%), "High-risk collective preparation/splitting" (17.0%), "Collective preparation/splitting" (11.3%), and "Dealer-facilitated injection" (34.1%). After 12 months, intervention participants were more likely to transition to the "Collective preparation/splitting" class, which featured the fewest risk behaviors. Transitioning from the "Collective preparation/splitting" to the "Social injection/equipment-sharing" class was associated with HIV acquisition for control participants. Research to illuminate the stability of these patterns and how they may benefit from uniquely tailored programming to reduce unsafe behaviors is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mark Wiginton
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- School of Social Work, College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Robert Booth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E 17th Place, Fitzsimons Building, 2nd Floor, Suite C2000, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Lisa A. Eaton
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Family Studies Building, Storrs, CT 06279 USA
| | - Laramie R. Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Cristina Espinosa da Silva
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Thomas L. Patterson
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Eileen V. Pitpitan
- School of Social Work, College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
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RIVERA AS, RUSIE LK, FEINSTEIN MJ, SIDDIQUE J, LLOYD-JONES DM, BEACH LB. Intersectionality-informed analysis of durable viral suppression disparities in people with HIV. AIDS 2023; 37:1285-1296. [PMID: 37070543 PMCID: PMC10556196 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine drivers of durable viral suppression (DVS) disparities among people with HIV (PWH) using quantitative intersectional approaches. DESIGN A retrospective cohort analysis from electronic health records informed by intersectionality to better capture the concept of interlocking and interacting systems of oppression. METHODS We analyzed data of PWH seen at a LGBTQ federally qualified health center in Chicago (2012-2019) with at least three viral loads. We identified PWH who achieved DVS using latent trajectory analysis and examined disparities using three intersectional approaches: Adding interactions, latent class analysis (LCA), and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Findings were compared with main effects only regression. RESULTS Among 5967 PWH, 90% showed viral trajectories consistent with DVS. Main effects regression showed that substance use [odds ratio (OR) 0.56, 0.46-0.68] and socioeconomic status like being unhoused (OR: 0.39, 0.29-0.53), but not sexual orientation or gender identity (SOGI) were associated with DVS. Adding interactions, we found that race and ethnicity modified the association between insurance and DVS ( P for interaction <0.05). With LCA, we uncovered four social position categories influenced by SOGI with varying rates of DVS. For example, the transgender women-majority class had worse DVS rates versus the class of mostly nonpoor white cisgender gay men (82 vs. 95%). QCA showed that combinations, rather than single factors alone, were important for achieving DVS. Combinations vary with marginalized populations (e.g. black gay/lesbian transgender women) having distinct sufficient combinations compared with historically privileged groups (e.g. white cisgender gay men). CONCLUSION Social factors likely interact to produce DVS disparities. Intersectionality-informed analysis uncover nuance that can inform solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adovich S. RIVERA
- Institute for Public Health and Management, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Kaiser Permanente South California Department of Research and Evaluation, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Matthew J. FEINSTEIN
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Juned SIDDIQUE
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donald M. LLOYD-JONES
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren B. BEACH
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Montano-Campos JF, Stout JE, Pettit AC, Okeke NL. Association of Neighborhood Deprivation With Healthcare Utilization Among Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Latent Class Analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad317. [PMID: 37426949 PMCID: PMC10326676 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We previously identified 3 latent classes of healthcare utilization among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH): adherent, nonadherent, and sick. Although membership in the "nonadherent" group was associated with subsequent disengagement from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care, socioeconomic predictors of class membership remain unexplored. Methods We validated our healthcare utilization-based latent class model of PWH receiving care at Duke University (Durham, North Carolina) using patient-level data from 2015 to 2018. SDI scores were assigned to cohort members based on residential addresses. Associations of patient-level covariates with class membership were estimated using multivariable logistic regression and movement between classes was estimated using latent transition analysis. Results A total of 1443 unique patients (median age of 50 years, 28% female sex at birth, 57% Black) were included in the analysis. PWH in the most disadvantaged (highest) SDI decile were more likely to be in the "nonadherent" class than the remainder of the cohort (odds ratio [OR], 1.58 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .95-2.63]) and were significantly more likely to be in the "sick" class (OR, 2.65 [95% CI, 2.13-3.30]). PWH in the highest SDI decile were also more likely to transition into and less likely to transition out of the "sick" class. Conclusions PWH who resided in neighborhoods with high levels of social deprivation were more likely to have latent class membership in suboptimal healthcare utilization groupings, and membership persisted over time. Risk stratification models based on healthcare utilization may be useful tools in the early identification of persons at risk for suboptimal HIV care engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Felipe Montano-Campos
- Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy, and Economics (CHOICE) Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jason E Stout
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - April C Pettit
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nwora Lance Okeke
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Howard MC. Integrating the person-centered approach with the study of vaccine hesitancy: Applying latent profile analysis to identify vaccine hesitancy subpopulations and assess their relations with correlates and vaccination outcomes. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00742-9. [PMID: 37357075 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
In scholarly and popular discussions of vaccine hesitancy, authors have repeatedly referred to different "types" of vaccine hesitant individuals; however, almost all modern research on vaccine hesitancy utilizes variable-centered approaches to identify the relation of variables rather than a person-centered approach to identify subpopulations, which suggests that a discrepancy exists between conceptual discussions and empirical research on vaccine hesitancy. For this reason, the current article conducts a latent profile analysis (LPA) on the dimensions of a well-supported vaccine hesitancy measure, which assess hesitancy towards vaccines in general. We also assess the relations of the resultant profiles (e.g., subpopulations) with relevant self-reported outcomes and correlates, wherein most of our outcomes are associated with COVID-19 and flu vaccines. Our LPA results support the existence of eight vaccine hesitancy profiles. The profile with the most unfavorable vaccination outcomes (e.g., willingness, receipt, and word-of-mouth) was associated with greater perceptions that vaccines cause health risks and unneeded when healthy; the profile with the most favorable vaccination outcomes was associated with low levels of all vaccine hesitancy dimensions. The other profiles produced a clear gradient between these two extremes. The profiles also differed regarding their standing on correlates, but the clearest difference was their relation with political orientation. Profiles with more unfavorable vaccination outcomes were associated with conservatism, whereas profiles with more favorable vaccinations outcomes were associated with liberalism. These results provide a new perspective for current understandings of vaccine hesitancy and open several avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt C Howard
- The University of South Alabama, Mitchell College of Business, United States.
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24
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Wang S, Arizmendi CJ, Chen D, Lin L, Blalock DV, Huang IC, Thissen D, DeWalt DA, Pan W, Reeve BB. Applying latent profile analysis to identify adolescents and young adults with chronic conditions at risk for poor health-related quality of life. J Biopharm Stat 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37183393 DOI: 10.1080/10543406.2023.2210684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of chronic diseases on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is understudied. Latent profile analysis (LPA) can identify profiles of AYAs based on their HRQOL scores reflecting physical, mental, and social well-being. This paper will (1) demonstrate how to use LPA to identify profiles of AYAs based on their scores on multiple HRQOL indicators; (2) explore associations of demographic and clinical factors with LPA-identified HRQOL profiles of AYAs; and (3) provide guidance on the selection of adult or pediatric versions of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) in AYAs. A total of 872 AYAs with chronic conditions completed the adult and pediatric versions of PROMIS measures of anger, anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain interference, social health, and physical function. The optimal number of LPA profiles was determined by model fit statistics and clinical interpretability. Multinomial regression models examined clinical and demographic factors associated with profile membership. As a result of the LPA, AYAs were categorized into 3 profiles: Minimal, Moderate, and Severe HRQOL Impact profiles. Comparing LPA results using either the pediatric or adult PROMIS T-scores found approximately 71% of patients were placed in the same HRQOL profiles. AYAs who were female, had hypertension, mental health conditions, chronic pain, and those on medication were more likely to be placed in the Severe HRQOL Impact Profile. Our findings may facilitate clinicians to screen AYAs who may have low HRQOL due to diseases or treatments with the identified risk factors without implementing the HRQOL assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwei Wang
- Center for Health Measurement, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cara J Arizmendi
- Center for Health Measurement, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dandan Chen
- Center for Health Measurement, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Center for Health Measurement, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dan V Blalock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Health Services Research & Development, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - I-Chan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - David Thissen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Darren A DeWalt
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wei Pan
- Center for Health Measurement, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Clinical Health Systems and Analytics in the School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bryce B Reeve
- Center for Health Measurement, Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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25
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Guo Y, Yang Y, Deveaux L, Dinaj-Koci V, Schieber E, Herbert C, Lee J, Wang B. Exploring effects of multi-level factors on transitions of risk-taking behaviors among middle-to-late adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2023; 47:210-220. [PMID: 37746313 PMCID: PMC10516360 DOI: 10.1177/01650254221148117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents experiment with risk behaviors, including delinquency, substance use, and sexual activity. Multi-level social factors, such as having high-risk peers, neighborhood risks, and parental monitoring, influence adolescents' behaviors. We modeled transition patterns in Bahamian adolescents' risk behaviors across three high school years and examined the effects of multi-level factors. We collected data from 2,564 Bahamian adolescents in Grade 10 and follow-ups through Grade 12. We used latent transition model to identify adolescents' risk statuses. Further analyses used multinomial logistic regression to explore the effects of multi-level factors on assignment to those latent statuses and transitions. We identified four distinct statuses: "low risk" (47.9% of the sample at baseline), "alcohol use" (36.8%), "alcohol use and sexual activity" (5.5%), and "high risk" (9.8%). Males were more likely to be in higher-risk statuses at baseline and to transition from a lower-risk status in Grade 10 to a higher-risk status in Grade 11. Social risk factors were significantly associated with higher-risk statuses at baseline. Neighborhood risk and peer risk involvement continued to affect transitions from lower to higher risk; parental monitoring did not have a significant effect in later years. Our findings have important implications for developing targeted and developmentally appropriate interventions to prevent and reduce risk behaviors among middle-to-late adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Yinmei Yang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lynette Deveaux
- Office of HIV/AIDS, Ministry of Health, Shirley Street, Nassau, The Bahamas
| | | | - Elizabeth Schieber
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Carly Herbert
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - JungAe Lee
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
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Chao HC, Lin CT, Tu JH, Wu CC. Latent Transition Analysis of Motor Development Patterns in Preschoolers. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050777. [PMID: 37238324 DOI: 10.3390/children10050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In-group heterogeneity is often neglected during investigations of motor development patterns in children. Moreover, the variation in motor development patterns over time has seldom been examined. In this work, 1884 three-year-old preschoolers were selected from a panel study conducted in Taiwan called the National Longitudinal Study of Child Development and Care. A confirmatory factor analysis was applied to analyze the construct validity of the assessments of motor development used for these children. A latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis (LTA) were sequentially applied to clarify their motor development patterns at the ages of three and four years and their transitions between these two ages. The following findings were obtained: (1) The motor development assessment had good validity. (2) Considerable heterogeneity regarding motor development in preschoolers was observed, in which four and three subgroups displaying distinct levels of mastery with respect to their gross and fine motor skills were identified at the ages of three and four years, respectively. (3) From age three to age four, a large proportion of the preschoolers exhibited improvements or retentions in both gross and fine motor skills, whereas some of the preschoolers were classified into subgroups displaying "gross motor retention and fine motor progression," "gross motor progression and fine motor retention," "gross motor retention and fine motor regression," and "gross motor regression and fine motor progression." Few preschoolers exhibited "general motor regression." The present results suggest that there were considerable heterogeneous groups in the motor development in preschoolers in the middle of early childhood, and this phenomenon has rarely been addressed in former studies. The LTA results implied that effective interventions should be given sequentially to preschoolers in subgroups whose motor development presented regression and retention tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Chin Chao
- Physical Education Office, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Lin
- Office Physical Activities, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 900391, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Tu
- Department of Physical Education, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 900391, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chin Wu
- Department of Early Childhood Education, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 900391, Taiwan
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27
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Stamates AL, Schulz CT, Junkin E, Glenn DJ, Lau-Barraco C. Educational Attainment and Differences in Patterns of Alcohol, Cannabis, and Tobacco Use Among Young Adults. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/00220426231161525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Multigroup latent profile analysis examined whether patterns of alcohol, cannabis, and tobacco use varied between college student and nonstudent young adults ( N = 745), and profiles were characterized by alcohol- and drug-related problems, psychological distress, and perceived stress. Findings supported three profiles (high use across substances, primarily high tobacco use, and low use across substances) among students. Students in the high use group, relative to other groups, experienced the highest number of problems and psychological distress. Among nonstudents, two profiles emerged (high use across substances and primarily high tobacco use), and noncollege participants in the high use group experienced the highest problems, psychological distress, and perceived stress. Students, compared to nonstudents, reported more variability in their substance use profiles, as a low substance use group was not observed among nonstudents. Prevention and intervention efforts should target nonstudents, which could aid in reducing negative health outcomes based on disparities in education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Stamates
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Christina T. Schulz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Emily Junkin
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
| | - Douglas J. Glenn
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
| | - Cathy Lau-Barraco
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
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González-Nuevo C, Postigo Á, García-Cueto E, Menéndez-Aller Á, Muñiz J, Cuesta M, Álvarez-Díaz M, Fernández-Alonso R. Grade Retention Impact on Academic Self-concept: A Longitudinal Perspective. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-023-09573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe long-term effects on academic self-concept of grade retention are unclear. The objective is to examine the progression of academic self-concept in relation to school performance for retained students and non-retained students. The academic self-concept of 5712 students (1381 retained students) was evaluated at the fourth and eighth grade of compulsory school. Academic performance was also examined at a third point: sixth grade. Latent Class Analysis and Latent Transition Analysis were used to examine the transitions between the latent groups of academic self-concept. A BCH-LTA estimation for a distal outcomes was used to examine the influence of academic self-concept on school performance. Three latent groups of academic self-concept were identified. The transitions indicated a reduction in academic self-concept over time which was greater in retained students. School performance fell over time and was related to academic self-concept. These findings have significant implications in relation to grade retention and its negative impact on students’ academic self-concept.
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Du Y, Hu N, Yu Z, Liu X, Ma Y, Li J. Characteristics of the cognitive function transition and influencing factors among Chinese older people: An 8-year longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2023; 324:433-439. [PMID: 36586609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment among older people is an important public health problem in developing countries. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the subtypes of cognitive function among older people in China, and explore the transformation patterns and influencing factors. METHODS Longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used, and included 2140 women and 2049 men aged over 60 years. Latent profile and latent transition analysis (LPA<A) were used to identify subgroups and transitions between the profiles over time. Influencing factors were identified by multinomial logistic regression analysis. RESULTS According to the LPA model, three subgroups of cognitive function were identified: Cognitive Impairment, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Normal Cognitive Function. Concurrently, >50 % of participants were likely to progress to MCI after seven years, whereas participants with cognitive impairment had a probability of 54.2 % of transitioning to a better cognitive profile. Older adults are less likely to experience cognitive improvement, higher levels of education affect changes in cognition, and having depression are at a lower risk of cognitive decline. LIMITATIONS Due to the incompleteness of the cognitive assessment and the large time span, there was a certain bias in the classification and analysis of latent cognitive profiles. CONCLUSION This study identified three latent profiles among Chinese older people and showed the stability and heterogeneity. It demonstrated the effects of higher age or levels of education, and depression on changes in cognitive function in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurun Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, China
| | - Naifan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, China
| | - Zhenfan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, China
| | - Yuzhuo Ma
- Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jiangping Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, China.
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30
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Montes F, Blanco M, Useche AF, Sanchez-Franco S, Caro C, Tong L, Li J, Zhou H, Murray JM, Sarmiento OL, Kee F, Hunter RF. Exploring the mechanistic pathways of how social network influences social norms in adolescent smoking prevention interventions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3017. [PMID: 36810585 PMCID: PMC9944961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We know little about how smoking prevention interventions might leverage social network structures to enhance protective social norms. In this study we combined statistical and network science methods to explore how social networks influence social norms related to adolescent smoking in school-specific settings in Northern Ireland and Colombia. Pupils (12-15 years old) participated in two smoking prevention interventions in both countries (n = 1344). A Latent Transition Analysis identified three groups characterized by descriptive and injunctive norms towards smoking. We employed a Separable Temporal Random Graph Model to analyze homophily in social norms and conducted a descriptive analysis of the changes in the students' and their friends' social norms over time to account for social influence. The results showed that students were more likely to be friends with others who had social norms against smoking. However, students with social norms favorable towards smoking had more friends with similar views than the students with perceived norms against smoking, underlining the importance of network thresholds. Our results support the notation that the ASSIST intervention takes advantage of friendship networks to leverage greater change in the students' smoking social norms than the Dead Cool intervention, reiterating that social norms are subject to social influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Montes
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Social and Health Complexity Center, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Martha Blanco
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Department of Industrial Engineering, Social and Health Complexity Center, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andres F. Useche
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Department of Industrial Engineering, Social and Health Complexity Center, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sharon Sanchez-Franco
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Caro
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Department of Industrial Engineering, Social and Health Complexity Center, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lei Tong
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411School of Informatics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jie Li
- grid.64938.300000 0000 9558 9911College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411School of Informatics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jennifer M. Murray
- grid.416232.00000 0004 0399 1866Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Block B, Queen’s University Belfast, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, 02890978955 UK
| | - Olga L. Sarmiento
- grid.7247.60000000419370714Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Frank Kee
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Centre for Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ UK
| | - Ruth F. Hunter
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Centre for Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ UK
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Min SH, Topaz M, Lee C, Schnall R. Understanding changes in mental health symptoms from young-old to old-old adults by sex using multiple-group latent transition analysis. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00729-1. [PMID: 36626018 PMCID: PMC10400747 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults are classified into three homogeneous groups: young-old (age 65-74), old-old (age 75-84), and oldest-old (age 85 and over). Mental health symptoms are likely to change over time, especially when older adults transition from one age group to another. Yet, little is known on changes in mental health symptoms as they transition to another age group, and if these changes differ by sex. This is a secondary data analysis using the longitudinal data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. A total of 1183 young-old adults at wave 1 was included. Mental health symptoms were depression, anxiety, loneliness, perceived stress, and happiness. Multiple-group latent transition analysis was conducted to model the transition probabilities of latent classes and to compare these differences between sex. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted to obtain demographic characteristics and to test for differences. Three latent classes were identified based on severity: class 1-mild, class 2-moderate, and class 3-severe. Regardless of sex, young-old adults remained in the same class from waves 1 to 2. However, they moved to a less severe group when transitioning into the old-old from waves 2 to 3. Statistically significant differences were found in their demographic characteristics among the latent classes. Older adults, when transitioning from young-old to old-old, are likely to transition to latent classes with less severe mental health symptoms in both sex. Clinicians need to provide a comprehensive assessment to all older adults, regardless of the severity of their mental health symptoms, to promote well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Min
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Maxim Topaz
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chiyoung Lee
- University of Washington Bothell School of Nursing & Health Studies, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA
| | - Rebecca Schnall
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Knudsen CB, Greve AN, Jepsen JRM, Lambek R, Andreassen AK, Veddum L, Brandt JM, Gregersen M, Krantz MF, Søndergaard A, Carlsen AH, Steffensen NL, Bundgaard AF, Burton BK, Thorup AAE, Nordentoft M, Mors O, Bliksted VF, Hemager N. Neurocognitive Subgroups in Children at Familial High-risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar disorder: Subgroup Membership Stability or Change From Age 7 to 11-The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:185-195. [PMID: 36200864 PMCID: PMC9810011 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Subgroups with distinct levels of neurocognitive functioning exist in children of parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. However, studies investigating the temporal stability of subgroup membership are currently lacking. We hypothesized that a minority of children at familial high-risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) would transition to a different neurocognitive subgroup from age 7 to 11 and that most transitions would be to a more impaired subgroup. STUDY DESIGN Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups at two assessments (age 7 and 11) based on the performance of 320 children at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP across eight neurocognitive functions. Temporal stability in subgroup membership was evaluated with latent profile transition analysis. Population-based controls (age 7, n = 199; age 11, n = 178) were included as a reference group. Children transitioning to a more impaired subgroup were compared with nontransitioning children on sex, FHR-status, global functioning, and psychopathology. STUDY RESULTS At both assessment points, we identified three subgroups based on neurocognitive performance: a moderately-severely impaired, a mildly impaired, and an above-average subgroup. A total of 12.8% of children transitioned to a different subgroup, of which the majority (85.2%) moved to a more impaired subgroup. Parental diagnosis of schizophrenia, but neither parental diagnosis of bipolar disorder, global functioning at age 7, psychopathology, nor sex significantly differentiated children transitioning to a more impaired subgroup from nontransitioning children. CONCLUSIONS During pre-adolescence, neurocognitive developmental lag is associated with being at FHR-SZ. Close attention to these children's neurocognitive development is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bruun Knudsen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Lambek
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anna Krogh Andreassen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lotte Veddum
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Julie Marie Brandt
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maja Gregersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Falkenberg Krantz
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Helles Carlsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Research Unit, Department of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nanna Lawaetz Steffensen
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anette Faurskov Bundgaard
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Fuglsang Bliksted
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research – iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- CORE – Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital – Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Erickson JH. Birds of a Feather Get High Together: A Reconceptualization of the Social Bond with Latent Class Analysis and a Test with Different Forms of Drug Use. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE : AJCJ 2022; 47:672-696. [PMID: 36467593 PMCID: PMC9685152 DOI: 10.1007/s12103-022-09699-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Social bond theory has received significant empirical support in examinations of drug use for decades. However, research utilizing the theory has often been fragmented and has not incorporated all four dimensions of the social bond. Additionally, much of this research has collapsed drug use into categories rather than examining specific forms of drug use. These concerns confuse the theoretical and practical insights that may be derived from such analyses. I utilize Monitoring the Future (2019) data to examine social bonding wholistically as latent classes in line with the concept of the social bond described by Hirschi (1969) and estimate the effect of the classes on specific forms of drug use. I find there are four distinct classes of social bonding among U.S. seniors most clearly differentiated by levels of attachment and commitment. Logistic regression results indicated different classes of social bonding were associated with different forms of drug use. I discuss the theoretical implications of the results and how they can be applied for criminal justice practitioners.
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Troxel WM, Rodriguez A, Seelam R, Dong L, Perez LG, Tucker JS, Siconolfi D, D'Amico EJ. A latent class approach to understanding longitudinal sleep health and the association with alcohol and cannabis use during late adolescence and emerging adulthood. Addict Behav 2022; 134:107417. [PMID: 35853405 PMCID: PMC10431952 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep is a multi-dimensional health behavior associated with elevated risk of substance use. This is the first study to utilize a latent class approach to characterize sleep health across multiple dimensions and across time from late adolescence to emerging adulthood, and to examine associations with alcohol and cannabis use trajectories. METHODS The sample included 2995 emerging adults (mean ages = 18 to 24 years across six waves of data collection; 54% female) who provided data on sleep dimensions (quality, duration, and social jetlag) and frequency and consequences of alcohol and cannabis use. Longitudinal latent class analysis (LLCA) models characterized participants according to the three sleep dimensions. Latent growth models examined trajectories of frequency and consequences of alcohol or cannabis use over time among emergent sleep classes, with and without controlling for covariates. RESULTS LLCA models identified four sleep classes: good sleepers (n = 451; 15.2%); untroubled poor sleepers (n = 1024; 34.2%); troubled, moderately good sleepers (n = 1056; 35.3%); and suboptimal sleepers (n = 460; 15.4%). Good sleepers reported significantly lower levels of alcohol or cannabis use and consequences, and less of an increase in alcohol consequences as compared to suboptimal sleepers. CONCLUSIONS Persistent poor sleep health was associated with higher levels of alcohol and cannabis use and consequences, and greater increases in alcohol-related consequences during the transition from late adolescence to emerging adulthood. Findings have important clinical implications, highlighting that addressing multi-dimensional sleep health may be an important, novel target of intervention to reduce substance use frequency and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy M Troxel
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 4501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Anthony Rodriguez
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 20 Park Plaza #920, Boston, MA 02116, USA.
| | - Rachana Seelam
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.
| | - Lu Dong
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.
| | - Lilian G Perez
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.
| | - Joan S Tucker
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.
| | - Daniel Siconolfi
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 4501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Elizabeth J D'Amico
- RAND Corporation, Behavioral and Policy Sciences, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.
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Calhoun BH, Maggs JL. Pregame Heavy Episodic Drinking and Its Association With Negative Consequences and Other Risky Substance Use Behaviors. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2022; 83:793-801. [PMID: 36484576 PMCID: PMC9756404 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.20-00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pregaming, or drinking before going out, is common among college students and has been linked with greater alcohol use and experiencing more negative consequences. This study tested within- and between-person associations between pregame heavy episodic drinking (Pregame HED; 4+/5+ drinks for women/men while pregaming) and high-intensity drinking (8+/10+ drinks), negative consequences, and three risky behaviors. METHOD College students at a large, public university in the Northeast United States who participated in a longitudinal measurement-burst design study completed a longer survey and up to 14 daily surveys in up to four consecutive semesters (n days = 4,706; n persons = 547). Hypotheses were primarily tested using logistic and Poisson multilevel models. RESULTS Pregame HED was reported by 41% of drinkers and on 15% of drinking days and 38% of pregaming days. Students were more likely to engage in high-intensity drinking on Pregame HED days than on moderate pregaming (1-3 and 1-4 pregaming drinks for women and men, respectively) or no pregaming drinking days. Students experienced more negative consequences on Pregame HED days than moderate or no pregaming drinking days, but there was no unique daily-level association between Pregame HED and negative consequences after alcohol intake was controlled. Students were more likely to use marijuana on Pregame HED days than on moderate and no pregaming drinking days. CONCLUSIONS Pregame HED appears to be a characteristic of extremely heavy drinking days and fundamentally different from moderate pregaming and no pregaming drinking days. Findings highlight the importance of accounting for amounts of alcohol consumed while pregaming and the notion that drinking episodes can be dynamic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian H. Calhoun
- Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jennifer L. Maggs
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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36
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Romm KF, Metzger A, Gentzler AL, Turiano NA. Transitions in risk-behavior profiles among first-year college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:2210-2219. [PMID: 33289606 PMCID: PMC8650108 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1846048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveThe current study utilized a longitudinal person-centered approach (latent transition analysis [LTA]) to assess transitions into and out of risk-behavior profiles during the transition into and throughout the first year of college. Participants: Participants included 579 first-year college students (Mage = 18.13, SD = .94) from a large mid-Atlantic university. Methods: Participants completed surveys at five points throughout their freshman year. Results: LTA suggested that most individuals either abstained from engaging in risk behaviors or transitioned toward profiles of less risk over time. A smaller portion of individuals either began and ended the year in the same risk profile or transitioned into profiles of greater risk. Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of utilizing person-centered analyses to examine change in multiple health-risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn F Romm
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aaron Metzger
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Amy L Gentzler
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Nicholas A Turiano
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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37
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Moss KM, Mishra GD, Krejany EO, Hickey M. What happens after menopause? (WHAM): A prospective controlled study of symptom profiles up to 12 months after pre-menopausal risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy. Gynecol Oncol 2022; 167:58-64. [PMID: 35933227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding how symptoms cluster after premenopausal risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) can inform patient expectations but information is lacking. We aimed to identify symptom profiles after RRSO, changes over time, and the effect of hormone therapy (HT). METHOD Participants were premenopausal women from a longitudinal controlled study (What Happens After Menopause? (WHAM)). Menopausal symptoms were prospectively measured in three groups: pre-menopausal comparisons who retained their ovaries (n = 99), RRSO HT users (n = 57) and RRSO non-HT users (n = 38). Symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats, low desire, vaginal dryness, poor sleep, anxiety/depression) were measured at baseline (pre-surgery) and at 3, 6 and 12 months using standardised questionnaires. Latent transition analysis was used to identify symptom profiles post-RRSO, and the probability of changing profiles over time. RESULTS Three symptom profiles were identified: Most Symptoms (81-87% non-HT; 36-41% HT; 7-9% comparisons), Few Symptoms (7-13% non-HT; 36-42% HT; 77-80% comparisons), and Sexual Symptoms (0-10% non-HT; 17-27% HT; 14-15% comparisons). Most of the non-HT group reported Most Symptoms at 3 months with only a 2% chance of improvement by 12 months. The HT group were split between profiles at 3 months with a 5-13% chance of improvement by 6 months (14% chance of worsening), and a 12-32% chance of improvement by 12 months (4-25% chance of worsening). CONCLUSIONS Symptoms cluster into distinct profiles after premenopausal RRSO. Most non-HT users are highly symptomatic with little chance of improvement by 12 months. In contrast, two-thirds of HT users have fewer symptoms and a much higher chance of improvement. These findings can inform patient decision-making and expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Moss
- Australian Women and Girls' Health Research Centre, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- Australian Women and Girls' Health Research Centre, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Efrosinia O Krejany
- Gynaecology Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martha Hickey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Valente JY, Cogo-Moreira H, Sanchez ZM. Applying a Pattern-Centered Approach to Assess the Effect of a School-Based Drug Use Prevention Program in Brazil: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2022; 43:529-548. [PMID: 35590031 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-022-00681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a drug and violence resistance educational program (Programa Educacional de Resistência às Drogas e à Violência-PROERD) on latent substance use profiles over a 9-month follow-up period. Two PROERD curricula were evaluated through a cluster randomized controlled trials with two parts that included a total of 4030 fifth-and seventh-grade students in 30 public schools in São Paulo. The intervention groups received 10 PROERD classes delivered by trained police officers, while the control group received no intervention. The primary outcome measures were drug use (any alcohol use, binge drinking, tobacco, marijuana, and inhalants) in the past 6 months, which was assessed using a pretest and a posttest 9 months later. Latent transition analysis was employed to investigate the effect of the intervention on the probabilities associated with the transition across drug use profiles. Latent drug use profiles are underlying subgroups of individuals similar to each other regarding their pattern of polysubstance use. Two different latent drug use profiles were revealed among the fifth graders (abstainers/low users and alcohol users/binge drinkers) and three drug use profiles among the seventh graders (abstainers/low users, alcohol users/binge drinkers, and polydrug users). For both, there was no evidence of the effect of PROERD on drug transition probabilities. In conclusion, the intervention was not successful in changing transitions across adolescent drug use profiles. Thus, the failure of the intervention to affect students' substance use profiles suggests that it should be reconsidered before it is implemented further in Brazilian schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Y Valente
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 740, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Cogo-Moreira
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| | - Zila M Sanchez
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Janousch C, Anyan F, Morote R, Hjemdal O. Resilience patterns of Swiss adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a latent transition analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2022.2091938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Janousch
- Institute for Research and Development, School of Education, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Brugg-Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Frederick Anyan
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Roxanna Morote
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Peru, San Miguel, Peru
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Hassett-Walker C. The Longitudinal Impact of Arrest, Criminal Conviction, and Incarceration on Smoking Classes. Tob Use Insights 2022; 15:1179173X221089710. [PMID: 35634273 PMCID: PMC9134438 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x221089710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research identifies three to six smoking classes over the life course. This study expands on earlier work about the impact of getting arrested in early adulthood on individuals' smoking classes, by including additional, more serious measures of justice system involvement (JSI), specifically criminal conviction and incarceration. Family processes were examined as secondary outcomes. Method Data from seventeen waves (1997-2015) of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were analyzed via group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM), multinomial logistic regression, and latent transition analyses (LTA). Smoking behavior through age 36 is examined. Marital status, parenthood, juvenile smoking, juvenile arrest, and prior crime victimization experiences were also included in the models. Results Seven smoking classes were revealed: two low- or non-smoking classes; two decreasing classes; and three "problem" smoking (e.g., increasing, or chronic) classes. All JSI types increased the likelihood of being in a smoking class rather than a non-smoking class. Arrest and conviction had larger odds ratios than the most severe form of JSI-incarceration-with respect to respondents' likelihood of being in an increasing or chronic smoking class. Juvenile smoking was the most robust predictor of smoking in adulthood. Conclusion Involvement with the justice system in all forms remains a negative health factor that increases smoking. While not typically a goal of criminal justice officials, attention should be paid to this unintended consequence of involvement with the justice system-increased smoking-given smoking's connection to serious illnesses such as cancer. As juvenile smoking is a strong risk factor for adult smoking, smoking prevention and cessation programs should start with youth; and be part of the offerings to individuals ensnared in the justice system at all levels.
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Fong TCT, Cheng Q, Yip PSF. Change in suicidal ideation and associated factors among young adults in Hong Kong from 2018 to 2019: a latent transition analysis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:1027-1038. [PMID: 34817637 PMCID: PMC8611992 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suicide in young adulthood is a vital public health concern. There have been few systematic studies that examined the prevalence and transition of suicidal ideation classes in young adults and the factors associated with the transition. METHODS This two-wave survey recruited 1269 young adults (Mean age = 24.0 years, 70.1% males) in Hong Kong. The participants completed the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale, Chinese Health Questionnaire, and help-seeking behaviors in 2018 and 2019. Latent profile analysis was used to classify the participants into latent classes of suicidal ideation with substantive checking under the 3-step approach. Latent transition analysis with measurement invariance examined the transition among the latent classes from 2018 to 2019 and the associations with help-seeking behaviors and change in psychological distress. RESULTS Three latent classes of suicidal ideation were identified and over two-thirds of the participants belonged to the Low-risk class with minimal suicidal ideation. The prevalence of the High-risk class dropped from 10.2 to 7.2%, while that of the Moderate-risk class remained stable from 2018 to 2019. Increases in psychological distress predicted higher probabilities to remain at or transit into more risky classes. Engagement in help-seeking behaviors showed differential transitions in suicidal ideation across time. CONCLUSION The findings suggest three latent classes of suicidal ideation with distinct profiles among the young adults. Deterioration in psychological distress showed a temporal effect on worsening of suicidal ideation over a 1-year period. Future studies should elucidate the comparative effectiveness of help-seeking behaviors via online and offline channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted C. T. Fong
- Centre on Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qijin Cheng
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul S. F. Yip
- The Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, 2/F, The HKJC Building for Interdisciplinary Research, 5 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Simon P, Jiang Y, Buta E, Sartor CE, Krishnan-Sarin S, Gueorguieva R. Longitudinal Trajectories of Multiple Nicotine Product Use Among Youths in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e223549. [PMID: 35319763 PMCID: PMC8943628 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Multiple nicotine product use (MNPU) among youths is a significant public health concern. Much remains unknown about the patterns of MNPU in youths, including how socioecological factors influence trajectories of MNPU, which may inform targeted prevention. Objective To identify longitudinal trajectories of MNPU and characterize them according to socioecological factors associated with tobacco use. Design, Setting, and Participants This US-based longitudinal survey study used data from waves 1 (September 12, 2013, to December 14, 2014) through 4 (December 1, 2016, to January 3, 2018) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study. Participants included 10 086 youths (aged 12-17 years) at wave 1, with follow-up data at waves 2 to 4 (assessed approximately 1 year apart) in the youth or adult data sets. Data were analyzed from January 15, 2020, to December 22, 2021. Exposures Socioecological factors at wave 1. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcome variables were days of use in the past 30 days of 4 products: cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco. Factors associated with use of the nicotine products that were collected at wave 1 included sociodemographic factors, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, living with a tobacco user, rules about tobacco use at home, conversations with parents about not using tobacco, tobacco accessibility, and exposure to advertising. Multitrajectory latent class growth analysis was used to identify distinct subgroups with similar patterns of use over time. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to investigate factors associated with class membership. Weights were applied to all data except frequencies to account for the complex survey design. Results Of the 10 086 youths included in the analysis, 5142 (51.2%) self-identified as male; 4792 (54.7%) were non-Hispanic White; and 5315 (50.6%) were aged 12 to 14 years. Six latent trajectory classes were identified: nonuse (8056 [78.2%]), experimentation (908 [9.8%]), increasing e-cigarette/cigarette use (359 [4.0%]), increasing cigarette/cigar use (320 [3.3%]), decreasing cigarette/e-cigarette/cigar use (302 [3.2%]), and stable smokeless tobacco/cigarette use (141 [1.6%]). Compared with the nonuse class, being older (odds ratio [OR] range, 2.54 [95% CI, 1.94-3.32] to 9.49 [95% CI, 6.03-14.93]), being female (OR range, 0.06 [95% CI, 0.03-0.14] to 0.71 [95% CI, 0.53-0.94]), living with a tobacco user (OR range, 1.43 [95% CI, 1.11-1.83] to 4.94 [95% CI, 3.43-7.13]), and having relaxed rules about noncombustible tobacco product use at home (OR range, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.02-1.94] to 3.42 [95% CI, 1.74-6.75]) were associated with classification in all the use classes. A high degree of difficulty accessing tobacco was associated with lower odds of membership in the increasing cigarette/cigar use vs nonuse classes (OR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.40-0.98]). Conclusions and Relevance These survey results highlight the heterogeneity of longitudinal pathways of MNPU in US youths and suggest directions for future prevention and regulatory efforts directed at tobacco use behaviors in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Simon
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yannuo Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Eugenia Buta
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Carolyn E. Sartor
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Ralitza Gueorguieva
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
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Romm KF, Childers MG, Douglas AE, Bray BC, Dino G, Blank MD. Transitions in tobacco use profiles among adolescents: Results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study waves 3 and 4. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 232:109272. [PMID: 35033957 PMCID: PMC8885853 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite increases in adolescents' polytobacco use, little work has utilized recent national data to examine transitions in polytobacco use over time or predictors of such transitions. METHODS Data derived from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study. Participants used at least one tobacco product (cigarettes, electronic cigarettes [ECIGs], traditional cigars, cigarillos, filtered cigars, snus, smokeless tobacco [SLT], hookah) at Wave 3 (W3; 2015-2016) or 4 (W4; 2016-2018) and had Wave 1 (W1) data (N = 1072; Mage= 13.71, SD =1.71, 46.4% female; 56.6% White, 23.2% Hispanic). Latent transition analysis (LTA) examined probabilities of transitioning between classes across waves and sociodemographic correlates of transitions. RESULTS Five latent classes were identified: Low Users (n = 372, 34.7% W3; n = 249, 23.3% W4), ECIG Users (n = 256, 23.8% W3; n = 286, 26.7% W4), Cigarette Users (n = 215, 20.1% W3; n = 293, 27.3% W4), SLT Users (n = 91, 8.5% W3; n = 92, 8.6% W4), and Polytobacco Users (n = 138, 12.9% W3; n = 152, 14.1% W4). Cigarette Users and SLT Users displayed the highest probabilities for class stability. Low Users were most likely to transition to ECIG Users or Cigarette Users, whereas Polytobacco Users were most likely to transition to Low Users. ECIG Users were likely to transition to Low Users or Cigarette Users. Older and White adolescents were more likely to display riskier transitions. CONCLUSIONS Although Cigarette Users and SLT Users remained largely stable in membership, findings demonstrate greater movement across polytobacco use classes relative to previous research and suggest that ECIGs may be the most common entry point to tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn F Romm
- George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
| | - Margaret G Childers
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Ashley E Douglas
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Bethany C Bray
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
| | - Geri Dino
- West Virginia Prevention Research Center, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Melissa D Blank
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; West Virginia Prevention Research Center, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
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Xie M, Huang S, Ke L, Wang X, Wang Y. The Development of Teacher Burnout and the Effects of Resource Factors: A Latent Transition Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052725. [PMID: 35270419 PMCID: PMC8910542 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
To better understand burnout and its development, researchers have shown an increasing interest in recent years in identifying different profiles of burnout and its development process. However, there have been few longitudinal studies on the profile and development of teacher burnout. This study used a person-centred approach to explore the profiles of teacher burnout, transition probabilities and the associations between these aspects and resource factors. Data were collected from 3743 primary school teachers in a two-wave longitudinal test over three years. The results showed that teacher burnout exhibited six relatively stable profiles across the whole study population and that the transition of individual profiles over time followed a certain probability. Psychological capital and professional identity were important resource factors in reducing the occurrence of teacher burnout and increasing transition probability toward burnout symptom alleviation over time, while positive coping played an important role in reducing the occurrence of teacher ineffectiveness. Therefore, the results indicated that the overall teacher burnout profile was stable, a discovery which has important implications for conducting group interventions to benefit more teachers, while the individual burnout profile exhibited a latent transition probability over time. Interventions employing different resource factors can be adopted to alleviate the symptoms of different burnout profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (M.X.); (S.H.)
| | - Shunsen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (M.X.); (S.H.)
| | - Li Ke
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
| | - Xia Wang
- Beijing Institute of Education Science, Beijing 100080, China;
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (M.X.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence:
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McCarthy KJ, Wyka K, Romero D, Austrian K, Jones HE. The development of adolescent agency and implications for reproductive choice among girls in Zambia. SSM Popul Health 2022; 17:101011. [PMID: 35024420 PMCID: PMC8733315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A substantial proportion of adolescent girls in Zambia lack the ability to decide their reproductive future. We examined the role of agency in early and unwanted adolescent childbearing. Methods Using latent transition analysis, we characterized a multi-dimensional profile of adolescent agency annually over a four-year period. We investigated the influence of early life access to resources and time-varying predictors (school retention, violence, early marriage and unwanted/mistimed pregnancy and childbearing) on agency profile membership as well as transitions in agency status over time. Results Four agency profiles were identified, with differences by age cohort (10–14 years vs. 15–19 years). Three profiles identified in both age cohorts were: Low-moderate agency, Self-assured gender conformers, and High agency. Unique to younger girls was the Gender conscious, low belief in abilities status, while among older girls was the Self-assured selective gender conscious status. While younger girls were likely to transition to the highest agency status over time, high agency membership declined among older girls. Early life resources were associated with augmented agency while exposure to negative events, particularly early marriage, were associated with detraction from high agency status. Girls who expressed high self-efficacy but gender-conforming values were most at risk of early marriage and unwanted/mistimed pregnancy while High agency girls were at comparatively low risk. Conclusions Results show agency is dynamic but less mutable with increasing age. Early adolescent strategies which address inequitable gender norms and limit early marriage, may guard against losses to agency which contribute to unwanted fertility outcomes. Findings support agency as a dynamic, multidimensional construct in adolescence. In general, access to resources promoted agency across dimensions. Time-varying events, particularly early marriage, detracted from agency status. Agency dimensions combined in unique ways with distinct implications for early/unwanted fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J McCarthy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Population Health Science, New York, NY, USA.,City University of New York (CUNY) School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- City University of New York (CUNY) School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana Romero
- City University of New York (CUNY) School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Heidi E Jones
- City University of New York (CUNY) School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, USA
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Doggett A, Battista K, Jiang Y, de Groh M, Leatherdale ST. Patterns of Cannabis Use among Canadian Youth over Time; Examining Changes in Mode and Frequency Using Latent Transition Analysis. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:548-559. [PMID: 34994289 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2021.2019785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Historically substance use literature has focused on smoking as the main mode of cannabis consumption, so there are knowledge gaps surrounding current understanding of edibles and vaping. These alternative modes of cannabis use are already common among Canadian youth; however, little is known about how these cannabis use patterns change over time. Methods: This study examined the mode (smoking, eating/drinking, vaping) and frequency of cannabis use among a large sample of Canadian youth who participated in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 data collection waves of the COMPASS study. Using latent transition analysis, this sample consisting of 18,824 youth in grades 9-12 were categorized into cannabis use classes stratified by sex, and their transition between these classes over the one-year period was examined. Results: Three cannabis use classes were identified (occasional multimode, regular multimode, and smoking) alongside one nonuse class. Among youth who reported cannabis use at baseline, transitioning to a multimode group, and/or increasing frequency of multimode use was likely over the one-year period. Conclusions: These findings may highlight a key leverage point for harm-reduction strategies which aim to prevent cannabis related harms associated with high frequency use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Doggett
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate Battista
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Jiang
- Applied Research Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret de Groh
- Applied Research Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Thomaz EBAF, Costa EM, Queiroz RCDS, Emmi DT, Ribeiro AGA, Silva NCD, Hugo FN, Figueiredo N. Advances and weaknesses of the work process of the oral cancer care network in Brazil: A latent class transition analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:38-47. [PMID: 34967970 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the provision of oral cancer (OC) care services in the Dental Specialties Centers (Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas-CEO) in Brazil and identify changes over two cycles of external evaluation of the Program for the Improvement of Access and Quality-PMAQ, in 2014 and 2018. METHOD This is a nationwide panel ecological study, including 916 CEO. Data from interviews with managers and dentists of the CEO were used, including variables related to training on OC, clinical protocols, biopsies, referral for diagnosis and treatment, and registration of users with OC. We carried out Latent Transition Analysis (LTA) to identify patterns (latent status LS) of service adequacy and work processes' changes between the two assessment cycles. We tested models with three, four, and five LS, selecting the one with the best conceptual interpretability and good model fit parameters. Data from the LS were plotted on choropleth and hotspots maps in Brazil allowing us to identify areas with the better or worse provision of specialized OC services. RESULTS The model with four LS was chosen. The four LS were named: 1.'Most indicators inadequate for OC care' (the worst); 2. 'Most indicators suitable for OC care' (the best); 3. 'CEO with a poor relation with Primary Health Care (PHC) services'; and 4. 'CEO with a poor relation with tertiary hospital services'. The comparison of the LS transition between the two cycles revealed that 419 (45.7%) CEO remained in the same LS (1→1, 3→4, 2→2); 228 (24.9%) switched to a worse status (2→1, 2→4, 3→1) and 269 (29.4%) switched to a better LS (1→2, 1→4, 3→2). While the majority of the CEO improved, we identified a decline of 17.8% in those who reported performing biopsies and 18.3% in the number of CEO that had hospitals for referring confirmed OC cases. Almost all Brazilian states had CEO that improved the work process. The Southeast and South regions had the highest percentage of CEO with the better work process in both cycles. Hotspots showed areas concentrating improvements in the work process in the Northeast region. However, some hotspots in the North revealed some CEO where the work process deteriorated or remained unsatisfactory. CONCLUSIONS There are regional inequities in the provision of OC care in CEO. Most services improved their work process or remained stable. However, the biopsies and the referral to hospital care for confirmed cases declined, indicating that CEO need to improve planning and care provision to reduce OC morbimortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Núbia Cristina da Silva
- Methods Analytics and Technology for Health Consortium, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando Neves Hugo
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nilcema Figueiredo
- Academic Area of Social Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Queiroz RCDS, Oliveira ICVD, Silva NCD, Borges TS, Nunes AMM, Figueiredo N, Thomaz EBAF. Oral health care for people with disabilities in Brazil: Transition from the specialized dental services between 2014 and 2018. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:48-57. [PMID: 34967965 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify changes in the dental service provision to people with disabilities (PD) in the Dental Specialties Centers (acronym CEO in Portuguese-Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas) between the first and second cycles of the Program for the Improvement of Access and Quality of CEO and analyse factors associated with any changes. METHODS This nationwide ecological time series study adopted the CEO as the analysis unit. The 827 CEO who participated in the two program's cycles (2014 and 2018) were included. Data on the structure and the work process were considered to identify features of providing services to PD in both cycles. Latent transition analysis (LTA) was performed to identify latent status (LS) with similar features and model the transition between LS over time. Models with five variables and with two to five LS were tested, considered best conceptual interpretability and best model fit parameters: human resources structure (dentist working exclusively with PD) and work process that identified guarantee of PD treatment at the CEO, the CEO's interface with primary care, and the interface with tertiary care. Spatial analysis was performed to identify spatial patterns of LS in the Brazilian territory with choropleth maps. A multinomial logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with changes in the provision of CEO (improved, remained or worsened). FINDINGS The best-fit model identified four LS: 'Better', 'Medium better', 'Medium worse' and 'Worse'. CEO remained in the LS 'Better' (94%), LS 'Medium' (5.3%) and LS 'Worse' (78.4%). It is noteworthy that the highest proportion of CEO, in both cycles, was in the LS 'Better', featured by the CEO, characterized by all the CEO guaranteeing treatment to users with PD, high proportions of professionals working exclusively with PD, and most CEO articulated with primary care and with tertiary care. However, there is a decrease in the number of postgraduate professionals specializing in this service profile (1.3%). The higher the population growth, the greater the likelihood of the CEO achieving 'improved' in the LS. Moreover, the higher the number of goals, the lower the likelihood of the CEO getting 'worse' in the LS. CONCLUSION Advances in dental service provision were observed, with more significant transitions to the 'Better' class, with improvements mainly in the interface with primary and tertiary care. Disability will be an even more significant concern as the population ages. Initiatives that can remove barriers and empower PD are potent in the provision of oral health services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tassia Silvana Borges
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, LutheranUniversity Center of Palmas (CEULP ULBRA), Palmas, Brazil
| | | | - Nilcema Figueiredo
- Academic Area of Public Health, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Calhoun BH, Maggs JL. Day drinking among college students and its association with risky substance use behaviors. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:2546-2559. [PMID: 34932227 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Day drinking, or drinking during the daytime, is a term used colloquially in the media and among college students based on anecdotal evidence. Drinking at tailgate parties, generally thought to be a type of day drinking, tends to be particularly heavy and to achieve levels comparable to drinking on holidays and special occasions. The objective of this study was to assess how many and how often students day drink and whether day drinking days (i.e., days drinking began before 4:00 p.m.) were associated with heavy drinking, legal intoxication, negative alcohol-related consequences, and three risky substance use behaviors. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal daily diary study of college students who were followed for their first seven semesters of college. The analytic sample includes 7,633 drinking days nested with 619 student drinkers. We used logistic and Poisson multilevel models to test associations between day drinking days and substance use outcomes and negative consequences. RESULTS Approximately 50% of drinkers drank durinng the day at least once, and day drinking occurred on 9% of drinking days. Greek organization participants reported significantly more day drinking days than non-participants. Day drinking days were characterized by heavy drinking as evidenced by strong, positive associations between day drinking and drinking to heavy episodic drinking (HED) and high-intensity drinking (HID) thresholds on a given day. In contrast, students were less likely to reach legal intoxication and experienced fewer negative alcohol-related consequences on day drinking days than days on which drinking began in the evening or nighttime. Students who reported day drinking more often throughout the study also reported having more days of drinking at the HED and HID thresholds and playing drinking games and mixed alcohol with energy drinks more frequently. CONCLUSIONS Day drinking was common among this sample of college students. Findings suggest that day drinking days may be characterized by heavy drinking and may be a behavior most typically engaged in by heavy drinkers, including members of Greek organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian H Calhoun
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer L Maggs
- Department of Human Development, and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Jung H, Lee D, Lee D. Longitudinal transitions in patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and psychological distress among South Korean adults with traumatic experiences. Stress Health 2021; 37:871-886. [PMID: 33740290 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate transitions in patterns of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and psychological distress among South Koreans with traumatic experiences. This study consists of two parts: In Part 1 the time since trauma ranged between 0 and 41 years, while in Part 2 participants experienced at least one traumatic event within the previous three years. We identified subgroups and transitions between classes over a one-year period using latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis. First, in Part 1, four classes were identified at T1 and T2. Second, we explored whether age, sex, time since trauma, and time perspective (TP) predicted class membership at T1. Age, past-negative (PN), present-fatalistic, and future TPs were significant predictors of class membership at T1. Finally, sex, PN, and future TPs were identified as significant predictors of class transition over time. The same analysis was conducted in Part 2 with individuals chosen from the Part 1 participants. Differential effects of TP on class membership and transitions in PTSD symptoms and psychological distress indicated the need for intervention programs that consider the TP profiles of individuals with traumatic experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayoung Jung
- Department of Education, College of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
| | - DongHun Lee
- Department of Education, College of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
| | - Deokhee Lee
- Department of Education, College of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea
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