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Lee Y, Park KI. The relationship between sleep and innate immunity. ENCEPHALITIS 2024; 4:69-75. [PMID: 38769055 DOI: 10.47936/encephalitis.2024.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep regulates inflammatory responses, and the innate immune system affects sleep. Interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, growth hormone-releasing hormone, prolactin, and nitric oxide are somnogenic substances. Sleep deprivation, such as chronic insomnia or obstructive sleep apnea, affects cytokine production, glial function, natural killer cell activity, and inflammasome function. This review will discuss the relationship between sleep and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonkyung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Il Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Guo WS, Deng X, Yang MX, Hu T, Li XH. A pilot study on the expression of circadian clock genes in the alveolar bone of mice with periodontitis. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:193-200. [PMID: 38275089 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2305212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the expression of circadian clock genes in mouse alveolar bone, and the possible reasons for these changes. Fifty C57 mice were orally inoculated with P. gingivalis, establishing a model of periodontitis using healthy mice as controls. The alveolar bone of both groups was taken for micro-computed tomography scanning to measure the amount of attachment loss, and the relative expression of mRNA in each clock gene and periodontitis related inflammatory factor was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). After the establishment of the mouse model, the height of alveolar bone in the periodontitis group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (p < 0.05). The relative transcriptional level of Bmal1, Per2, and Cry1 mRNA was in the circadian rhythm in the normal group (p ≤ 0.05), while in the periodontitis group, its circadian rhythm disappeared and the transcriptional level characteristics were changed. Interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon (IFN-γ) mRNA transcriptional level were elevated in the periodontitis group compared to the normal group. In conclusion, the mRNA transcriptional level of Bmal1, Per2, and Cry1 in alveolar bone of normal mice has circadian rhythm, but the rhythm disappears under the condition of periodontitis, and the cause of its occurrence may be related to inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Shuang Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Stomatological Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Deng
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Man-Xin Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Stomatological Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing-Han Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Stomatological Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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de Lima Cavalcanti TYV, Lima MC, Bargi-Souza P, Franca RFO, Peliciari-Garcia RA. Zika Virus Infection Alters the Circadian Clock Expression in Human Neuronal Monolayer and Neurosphere Cultures. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 44:10. [PMID: 38141078 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Rhythmic regulations are virtually described in all physiological processes, including central nervous system development and immunologic responses. Zika virus (ZIKV), a neurotropic arbovirus, has been recently linked to a series of birth defects and neurodevelopmental disorders. Given the well-characterized role of the intrinsic cellular circadian clock within neurogenesis, cellular metabolism, migration, and differentiation among other processes, this study aimed to characterize the influence of ZIKV infection in the circadian clock expression in human neuronal cells. For this, in vitro models of human-induced neuroprogenitor cells (hiNPCs) and neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, cultured as monolayer and neurospheres, were infected by ZIKV, followed by RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR investigation, respectively. Targeted circadian clock components presented mRNA oscillations only after exogenous synchronizing stimuli (Forskolin) in SH-SY5Y monolayer culture. Interestingly, when these cells were grown as 3D-arranged neurospheres, an intrinsic oscillatory expression pattern was observed for some core clock components without any exogenous stimulation. The ZIKV infection significantly disturbed the mRNA expression pattern of core clock components in both neuroblastoma cell culture models, which was also observed in hiNPCs infected with different strains of ZIKV. The ZIKV-mediated desynchronization of the circadian clock expression in human cells might further contribute to the virus impairment of neuronal metabolism and function observed in adults and ZIKV-induced congenital syndrome. In vitro models of Zika virus (ZIKV) neuronal infection. Human neuroprogenitor cells were cultured as monolayer and neurospheres and infected by ZIKV. Monolayer-cultured cells received forskolin (FSK) as a coupling factor for the circadian clock rhythmicity, while 3D-arranged neurospheres showed an intrinsic oscillatory pattern in the circadian clock expression. The ZIKV infection affected the mRNA expression pattern of core clock components in both cell culture models. The ZIKV-mediated desynchronization of the circadian clock machinery might contribute to the impairment of neuronal metabolism and function observed in both adults (e.g., Guillain-Barré syndrome) and ZIKV-induced congenital syndrome (microcephaly). The graphical abstract has been created with Canva at the canva.com website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaíse Yasmine Vasconcelos de Lima Cavalcanti
- Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Morganna Costa Lima
- Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-465, Brazil
| | - Paula Bargi-Souza
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Freitas Oliveira Franca
- Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-465, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Antonio Peliciari-Garcia
- Department of Virology and Experimental Therapy, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - FIOCRUZ, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50740-465, Brazil.
- Morphophysiology & Pathology Sector, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210, Diadema, SP, CEP 09913-030, Brazil.
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Jin W, Tian Y, Ding Y, Zhou D, Li L, Yuan M, Wu Y, Ye M, Luan J, Yang K. Pers reverse angiotensin II -induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by targeting cyclin E expression via inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:903-917. [PMID: 37338051 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2224904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm of blood pressure (BP) is believed to be regulated by the clock system, which is closely linked to levels of angiotensin II (Ang II). This study aimed to investigate whether Ang II mediates the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through the interaction between the clock system and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Primary rat aortic VSMCs were treated with Ang II, with or without MAPK inhibitors. VSMC proliferation, expression of clock genes, CYCLIN E, and MAPK pathways were assessed. Ang II treatment resulted in increased VSMC proliferation and rapid upregulation of clock gene Periods (Pers) expression. Compared to the non-diseased control (NC) group, VSMCs incubated with Ang II displayed a noticeable delay in the G1/S phase transition and downregulation of CYCLIN E upon silencing of Per1 and Per2 genes. Importantly, silencing Per1 or Per2 in VSMCs led to decreased expression of key MAPK pathway proteins, including RAS, phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (P-MEK), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (P-ERK). Moreover, the MEK and ERK inhibitors, U0126 and SCH772986, significantly attenuated the Ang II-induced proliferation of VSMCs, as evidenced by an increased G1/S phase transition and decreased CYCLIN E expression. The MAPK pathway plays a critical role in regulating VSMC proliferation in response to Ang II stimulation. This regulation is controlled by the expression of circadian clock genes involved in the cell cycle. These findings provide novel insights for further research on diseases associated with abnormal VSMC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yanyun Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Deixi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Long Li
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Mingqi Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Kui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, P.R. China
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Yin X, Abudupataer M, Ming Y, Xiang B, Lai H, Wang C, Li J, Zhu K. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Senescence in a Microphysiological Model. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2023; 81:280-291. [PMID: 36652727 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The occurrence and development of aortic aneurysms are accompanied by senescence of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Because the mechanism of HASMC senescence has not been fully elucidated, the efficacy of various antisenescence treatments varies. Decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) levels are one of the mechanisms of cell senescence, and there is a lack of evidence on whether increasing NAD + levels could alleviate HASMC senescence and further retard the progression of aortic aneurysms.We constructed an HASMC-based organ-on-a-chip microphysiological model. RNA sequencing was performed on cell samples from the vehicle control and angiotensin II groups to explore biological differences. We detected cellular senescence markers and NAD + levels in HASMC-based organ-on-a-chip. Subsequently, we pretreated HASMC using the synthetic precursor of NAD + , nicotinamide mononucleotide, and angiotensin II treatment, and used rhythmic stretching to investigate whether nicotinamide mononucleotide could delay HASMC senescence.The HASMC-based organ-on-a-chip model can simulate the biomechanical microenvironment of HASMCs in vivo, and the use of angiotensin II in the model replicated senescence in HASMCs. The senescence of HASMCs was accompanied by downregulation of the expression level of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase and NAD + . Pretreatment with nicotinamide mononucleotide significantly increased the NAD + level and alleviated the senescence of HASMCs, but did not change the expression level of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase.Our study provides a complementary research platform between traditional cell culture and animal experiments to explore HASMC senescence in aortic aneurysms. Furthermore, it provides evidence for NAD + boosting therapy in the clinical treatment of aortic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Yin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032, China
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Wu Y, Wang H, Huo Y, Yan B, Honda H, Liu W, Yang J. Differentiated embryonic chondrocyte expressed gene-1 is a central signaling component in the development of collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102982. [PMID: 36739947 PMCID: PMC10011830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases and affects almost 1% of the population. Differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene-1 (DEC1) has been associated with both osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. RA condition is marked by inflammatory hyperplasia, and DEC1 is known to support inflammatory reactions and implicated in antiapoptosis and cell invasion. Here, our goal was to test the hypothesis that DEC1 enhances RA development induced by collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a well-recognized protocol for developing RA animal models. DEC1+/+ and DEC1-/- mice were subjected to CIA protocol, and the development of RA condition was monitored. We found that CIA robustly induced RA phenotypes (e.g., synovial hyperplasia) and greatly increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α. However, these changes were detected in DEC1+/+ but not DEC1-/- mice. Interestingly, these very cytokines strongly induced DEC1, and such a dual role of DEC1, as an inducer for and being induced by proinflammatory cytokines, constitutes a DEC1-amplifying circuit for inflammation. Knockdown of DEC1 in human MH7A cells strongly decreased cell migration and invasion as well as the expression of genes related to RA phenotypes. The combination of DEC1-directed migration and invasion in vitro with synovial hyperplasia in vivo mechanistically establishes cellular bases on how DEC1 is involved in the development of RA phenotypes. In addition to inflammatory signaling, DEC1 functionally interacted with PI3KCA(p110α)/Akt/GSK3β, Wnt/β-catenin, and NFATc1. Such engagement in multiple signaling pathways suggests that DEC1 plays coordinated and integral roles in developing RA, one of the most common autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haobin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingfang Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hiroaki Honda
- Major in Advanced Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animals, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Colombini B, Dinu M, Murgo E, Lotti S, Tarquini R, Sofi F, Mazzoccoli G. Ageing and Low-Level Chronic Inflammation: The Role of the Biological Clock. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2228. [PMID: 36421414 PMCID: PMC9686908 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a multifactorial physiological manifestation that occurs inexorably and gradually in all forms of life. This process is linked to the decay of homeostasis due to the progressive decrease in the reparative and regenerative capacity of tissues and organs, with reduced physiological reserve in response to stress. Ageing is closely related to oxidative damage and involves immunosenescence and tissue impairment or metabolic imbalances that trigger inflammation and inflammasome formation. One of the main ageing-related alterations is the dysregulation of the immune response, which results in chronic low-level, systemic inflammation, termed "inflammaging". Genetic and epigenetic changes, as well as environmental factors, promote and/or modulate the mechanisms of ageing at the molecular, cellular, organ, and system levels. Most of these mechanisms are characterized by time-dependent patterns of variation driven by the biological clock. In this review, we describe the involvement of ageing-related processes with inflammation in relation to the functioning of the biological clock and the mechanisms operating this intricate interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Colombini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuele Murgo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Sofia Lotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberto Tarquini
- Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Empoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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Muscogiuri G, Poggiogalle E, Barrea L, Tarsitano MG, Garifalos F, Liccardi A, Pugliese G, Savastano S, Colao A. Exposure to artificial light at night: A common link for obesity and cancer? Eur J Cancer 2022; 173:263-275. [PMID: 35940056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) has been associated with disruption of the circadian system, which has been pointed out to have detrimental effects on health. Exposure to outdoor ALAN is very frequent in industrialised countries due to nocturnal light pollution and the relevant involvement of the total workforce in shift work and night work. Ecological and epidemiologic studies highlight the association between exposure to ALAN and several diseases, mainly obesity and cancer. More recently, also indoor ALAN exposure has been investigated. Among several multifactorial mechanisms linking ALAN exposure and health risks, suppression of melatonin secretion plays a pivotal role leading to alterations in circadian rhythm patterns, that are detrimental in terms of appetite regulation, and dysfunctions in metabolic signalling and cell growth in cancer. In addition, gut dysbiosis, inflammation, hypovitaminosis D, imbalance in cytokine secretion and levels are responsible for the multiple relationship linking circadian dysregulation due to ALAN exposure and obesity, and cancer. Therefore, the current manuscript summarises human and basic studies pointing out the impact of ALAN exposure on health, mostly focusing on obesity and cancer. Based on extant evidence, prevention strategies for obesity and cancer should be prompted, targeting exposure to ALAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Poggiogalle
- Department of Experimental Medicine - Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria G Tarsitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine - Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Garifalos
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Liccardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Yeo H, Ahn SS, Jung E, Lim Y, Lee YH, Shin SY. Transcription factor EGR1 regulates the expression of the clock gene PER2 under IL-4 stimulation in human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2677-2686.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Strømland Ø, Diab J, Ferrario E, Sverkeli LJ, Ziegler M. The balance between NAD + biosynthesis and consumption in ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111569. [PMID: 34509469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a vital coenzyme in redox reactions. NAD+ is also important in cellular signalling as it is consumed by PARPs, SARM1, sirtuins and CD38. Cellular NAD+ levels regulate several essential processes including DNA repair, immune cell function, senescence, and chromatin remodelling. Maintenance of these cellular processes is important for healthy ageing and lifespan. Interestingly, the levels of NAD+ decline during ageing in several organisms, including humans. Declining NAD+ levels have been linked to several age-related diseases including various metabolic diseases and cognitive decline. Decreasing tissue NAD+ concentrations have been ascribed to an imbalance between biosynthesis and consumption of the dinucleotide, resulting from, for instance, reduced levels of the rate limiting enzyme NAMPT along with an increased activation state of the NAD+-consuming enzymes PARPs and CD38. The progression of some age-related diseases can be halted or reversed by therapeutic augmentation of NAD+ levels. NAD+ metabolism has therefore emerged as a potential target to ameliorate age-related diseases. The present review explores how ageing affects NAD+ metabolism and current approaches to reverse the age-dependent decline of NAD+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øyvind Strømland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5009, Norway
| | - Joseph Diab
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5009, Norway
| | - Eugenio Ferrario
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5009, Norway
| | - Lars J Sverkeli
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5009, Norway; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway
| | - Mathias Ziegler
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5009, Norway.
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Oyama Y, Walker LA, Eckle T. Targeting circadian PER2 as therapy in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1262-1273. [PMID: 34034593 PMCID: PMC8355134 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1928160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The cycle of day and night dominates life on earth. Therefore, almost all living organisms adopted a molecular clock linked to the light-dark cycles. It is now well established that this molecular clock is crucial for human health and wellbeing. Disruption of the molecular clockwork directly results in a myriad of disorders, including cardiovascular diseases. Further, the onset of many cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction exhibits a circadian periodicity with worse outcomes in the early morning hours. Based on these observations, the research community became interested in manipulating the molecular clock to treat cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, several exciting discoveries of pharmacological agents or molecular mechanisms targeting the molecular clockwork have paved the way for circadian medicine's arrival in cardiovascular diseases. The current review will outline the most recent circadian therapeutic advances related to the circadian rhythm protein Period2 (PER2) to treat myocardial ischemia and summarize future research in the respective field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Oyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Lori A Walker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Raabe O, Birchler T, Rehrauer H, Eppler E. CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody-Mediated Hepatitis in TNF-Receptor 1 Gene Knockout Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080863. [PMID: 34440067 PMCID: PMC8389574 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays an important role in liver inflammation. CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40-CD40L) is a key receptor–ligand signaling pair involved in the adaptive immune response and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In mice, CD40 activation leads to sickness behavior syndrome (SBS) comprising weight loss, sleep disruption and depression, which can be blocked by administration of the TNF-inhibitor etanercept. In the present study, we assessed the extent of hepatic inflammation in mice devoid of the TNF-receptor 1 (TNFR1)-mediated signaling pathway. The TNFR1-depleted (TNFR1−/−) adult mice and their wild type littermates were given a single intra-peritoneal injection of CD40 agonist monoclonal antibody (mAb) or rat IgG2a isotope control. As described previously, TNFR1−/− mice were protected from SBS upon CD40 mAb treatment. Cd40, tnf and tnfr1 mRNA and Tnf-α peptide were increased in the liver of CD40 mAb-stimulated wild type mice. Serum alanine aminotransferase was elevated in both CD40-activated wild type and TNFR1−/− mice. TNFR1−/− mice showed much less intra-parenchymal infiltrates, hepatocellular necrosis, and perivascular clusters upon CD40 mAb activation than their wild type littermates. A gene expression microarray detected increased activity of metabolic and detoxification pathways and decreased activity of inflammatory pathways. We conclude that immune activation and development of liver inflammation in CD40L interactions depend on TNFR1-mediated signaling pathways and are counteracted by alterations in metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Raabe
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Thomas Birchler
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), ETH Zürich, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Elisabeth Eppler
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-684-84-53
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13
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The circadian clock and inflammation: A new insight. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 512:12-17. [PMID: 33242468 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock is a complex cellular mechanism that controls a series of physiological processes, including inflammation. It can directly interact physically with the components of the key inflammatory pathway. Similarly, inflammation can also lead to circadian rhythm disorders, which may further amplify the inflammatory response and aggravate tissue damage. This review offers a structured overview that focusses on the core proteins of the circadian clock and their interactions with inflammatory players, and provides a potential mechanism for the pathological rhythms observed under inflammatory conditions.
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14
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Altered Expression of Long Noncoding and Messenger RNAs in Diabetic Nephropathy following Treatment with Rosiglitazone. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1360843. [PMID: 32025515 PMCID: PMC6983290 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1360843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by metabolic disorder and inflammation. However, the regulatory effects that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have on the pathogenesis of DN and on the efficacy of rosiglitazone treatment have yet to be clearly defined. Herein, we performed unbiased RNA sequencing to characterize the transcriptomic profiles in db/db diabetic mouse model with or without rosiglitazone treatment that served to improve the phenotypes of DN. Moreover, RNA-seq profiling revealed that the development of DN caused an upregulation in the expression of 1176 mRNAs and a downregulation in the expression of 1010 mRNAs compared to controls, with the expression of 251 mRNAs being returned to normal following treatment with rosiglitazone. Further, 88 upregulated and 68 downregulated lncRNAs were identified in db/db mice compared to controls, 10 of which had their normal expression restored following treatment with rosiglitazone. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the primary pathways involved in the pathogenesis of DN, and subsequently in the therapeutic effects of PPARγ, are related to inflammatory and metabolic processes. From bioinformatics analysis, lncRNA-AI838599 emerged as a novel molecular mechanism for rosiglitazone treatment in DN through TNFα-NFκb pathway. These findings may indicate a new molecular regulatory approach for the development of DN therapeutic agents.
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15
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Ertosun MG, Kocak G, Ozes ON. The regulation of circadian clock by tumor necrosis factor alpha. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 46:10-16. [PMID: 31000463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
All organisms display circadian rhythms which are under the control of the circadian clock located in the hypothalamus at the suprachiasmatic nucleus, (SCN). The circadian rhythms allow individuals to adjust their physiological activities and daily behavior for the diurnal changes in the living environment. To achieve these, all metabolic processes are aligned with the sleep/wake and fasting/feeding cycles. Subtle changes of daily behavior or food intake can result in misalignment of circadian rhythms. This can cause development of variety of metabolic diseases and even cancer. Although light plays a pivotal role for the activation of the master clock in SCN, the peripheral secondary clocks (or non-SCN), such as melatonin, growth hormone (GH), insulin, adiponectin and Ghrelin also are important in maintaining the circadian rhythms in the brain and peripheral organs. In recent years, growing body of evidence strongly suggest that CA2+ signaling, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) also play very important roles in the regulation of circadian rhythms by regulating the transcription of the clock genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gokhan Ertosun
- Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Anesthetic Surgery, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Kocak
- Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Turkey.
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16
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Yaku K, Okabe K, Nakagawa T. NAD metabolism: Implications in aging and longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:1-17. [PMID: 29883761 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an important co-factor involved in numerous physiological processes, including metabolism, post-translational protein modification, and DNA repair. In living organisms, a careful balance between NAD production and degradation serves to regulate NAD levels. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated that NAD levels decrease with age, and the deterioration of NAD metabolism promotes several aging-associated diseases, including metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases and various cancers. Conversely, the upregulation of NAD metabolism, including dietary supplementation with NAD precursors, has been shown to prevent the decline of NAD and exhibits beneficial effects against aging and aging-associated diseases. In addition, many studies have demonstrated that genetic and/or nutritional activation of NAD metabolism can extend the lifespan of diverse organisms. Collectively, it is clear that NAD metabolism plays important roles in aging and longevity. In this review, we summarize the basic functions of the enzymes involved in NAD synthesis and degradation, as well as the outcomes of their dysregulation in various aging processes. In addition, a particular focus is given on the role of NAD metabolism in the longevity of various organisms, with a discussion of the remaining obstacles in this research field.
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17
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de la Vega MDC, Delsouc MB, Ponce I, Ragusa V, Vallcaneras S, Anzulovich AC, Casais M. Circadian rhythms of factors involved in luteal regression are modified in p55 tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFRp55)-deficient mice. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:1651-1665. [PMID: 29903342 DOI: 10.1071/rd18058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhythm of factors involved in luteal regression is crucial in determining the physiological duration of the oestrous cycle. Given the role of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α in luteal function and circadian regulation and that most of the effects of TNF-α are mediated by p55 TNF receptor (TNFRp55), the aims of the present study were to analyse the following during the luteal regression phase in the ovary of mice: (1) whether the pattern of expression of progesterone (P4) and the enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of P4 is circadian and endogenous (the rhythm persists in constant conditions, (i.e., constant darkness) with a period of about 24 hours); (2) circadian oscillations in clock gene expression; (3) whether there are daily variations in the expression of key genes involved in apoptosis and antioxidant mechanisms; and (4) the consequences of TNFRp55 deficiency. P4 was found to oscillate circadianally following endogenous rhythms of clock factors. Of note, TNFRp55 deficiency modified the circadian oscillation in P4 concentrations and its enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of P4, probably as a consequence of changes in the circadian oscillations of brain and muscle ARNT-Like protein 1 (Bmal1) and Cryptochrome 1 (Cry1). Furthermore, TNFRp55 deficiency modified the circadian rhythms of apoptosis genes, as well as antioxidant enzymes and peroxidation levels in the ovary in dioestrus. The findings of the present study strengthen the hypothesis that dysregulation of TNF-α signalling may be a potential cause for altered circadian and menstrual cycling in some gynaecological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Del C de la Vega
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - María B Delsouc
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ivana Ponce
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Vicente Ragusa
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Sandra Vallcaneras
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ana C Anzulovich
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Marilina Casais
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas, San Luis, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, CP D5700HHW, San Luis, Argentina
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18
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Moravcová S, Pačesová D, Melkes B, Kyclerová H, Spišská V, Novotný J, Bendová Z. The day/night difference in the circadian clock's response to acute lipopolysaccharide and the rhythmic Stat3 expression in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199405. [PMID: 30265676 PMCID: PMC6161871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) regulates daily rhythms in physiology and behaviour and is an important part of the mammalian homeostatic system. Previously, we have shown that systemic inflammatory stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the daytime-dependent phosphorylation of STAT3 in the SCN. Here, we demonstrate the LPS-induced Stat3 mRNA expression in the SCN and show also the circadian rhythm in Stat3 expression in the SCN, with high levels during the day. Moreover, we examined the effects of LPS (1mg/kg), applied either during the day or the night, on the rhythm in locomotor activity of male Wistar rats. We observed that recovery of normal locomotor activity patterns took longer when the animals were injected during the night. The clock genes Per1, Per2 and Nr1d1, and phosphorylation of kinases ERK1/2 and GSK3β are sensitive to external cues and function as the molecular entry for external signals into the circadian clockwork. We also studied the immediate changes in these clock genes expressions and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and GSK3β in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in response to daytime or night-time inflammatory stimulation. We revealed mild and transient changes with respect to the controls. Our data stress the role of STAT3 in the circadian clock response to the LPS and provide further evidence of the interaction between the circadian clock and immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Moravcová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Pačesová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Melkes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kyclerová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Spišská
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novotný
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Bendová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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19
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Abreu M, Basti A, Genov N, Mazzoccoli G, Relógio A. The reciprocal interplay between TNFα and the circadian clock impacts on cell proliferation and migration in Hodgkin lymphoma cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11474. [PMID: 30065253 PMCID: PMC6068144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A bidirectional interaction between the circadian network and effector mechanisms of immunity brings on a proper working of both systems. In the present study, we used Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) as an experimental model for a type of cancer involving cells of the immune system. We identified this cancer type among haematological malignancies has having a strong differential expression of core-clock elements. Taking advantage of bioinformatics analyses and experimental procedures carried out in III- and IV-stage HL cells, and lymphoblastoid B cells, we explored this interplay and bear out diverse interacting partners of both systems. In particular, we assembled a wide-ranging network of clock-immune-related genes and pinpointed TNF as a crucial intermediary player. A robust circadian clock hallmarked III-stage lymphoma cells, differently from IV-stage HL cells, which do not harbour a properly functioning clockwork. TNF and circadian gene modulation impacted on clock genes expression and triggered phenotypic changes in lymphoma cells, suggesting a crucial involvement of core-clock elements and TNF in the physiopathological mechanisms hastening malignancy. Our results move forward our understanding of the putative role of the core-clock and TNF in the pathobiology of Hodgkin lymphoma, and highlight their influence in cellular proliferation and migration in lymphatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Abreu
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alireza Basti
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolai Genov
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Angela Relógio
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Theoretical Biology, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Molecular Cancer Research Center, Berlin, Germany.
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20
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Crislip GR, Masten SH, Gumz ML. RECENT ADVANCES IN UNDERSTANDING THE CIRCADIAN CLOCK IN RENAL PHYSIOLOGY. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 5:38-44. [PMID: 30714020 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests a critical role for the molecular circadian clock in the regulation of renal function. Here, we consider the most recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between the circadian clock and renal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ryan Crislip
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation.,Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Sarah H Masten
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
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21
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De Somma E, Jain RW, Poon KW, Tresidder KA, Segal JP, Ghasemlou N. Chronobiological regulation of psychosocial and physiological outcomes in multiple sclerosis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 88:73-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Meier-Soelch J, Jurida L, Weber A, Newel D, Kim J, Braun T, Schmitz ML, Kracht M. RNAi-Based Identification of Gene-Specific Nuclear Cofactor Networks Regulating Interleukin-1 Target Genes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:775. [PMID: 29755455 PMCID: PMC5934416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The potent proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 triggers gene expression through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Here, we investigated the cofactor requirements of strongly regulated IL-1 target genes whose expression is impaired in p65 NF-κB-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts. By two independent small-hairpin (sh)RNA screens, we examined 170 genes annotated to encode nuclear cofactors for their role in Cxcl2 mRNA expression and identified 22 factors that modulated basal or IL-1-inducible Cxcl2 levels. The functions of 16 of these factors were validated for Cxcl2 and further analyzed for their role in regulation of 10 additional IL-1 target genes by RT-qPCR. These data reveal that each inducible gene has its own (quantitative) requirement of cofactors to maintain basal levels and to respond to IL-1. Twelve factors (Epc1, H2afz, Kdm2b, Kdm6a, Mbd3, Mta2, Phf21a, Ruvbl1, Sin3b, Suv420h1, Taf1, and Ube3a) have not been previously implicated in inflammatory cytokine functions. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that they are components of complex nuclear protein networks that regulate chromatin functions and gene transcription. Collectively, these data suggest that downstream from the essential NF-κB signal each cytokine-inducible target gene has further subtle requirements for individual sets of nuclear cofactors that shape its transcriptional activation profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Meier-Soelch
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Liane Jurida
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Axel Weber
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Doris Newel
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Johnny Kim
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - M Lienhard Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Kracht
- Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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23
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Yoshida K, Nakai A, Kaneshiro K, Hashimoto N, Suzuki K, Uchida K, Hashimoto T, Kawasaki Y, Tateishi K, Nakagawa N, Shibanuma N, Sakai Y, Hashiramoto A. TNF-α induces expression of the circadian clock gene Bmal1 via dual calcium-dependent pathways in rheumatoid synovial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1675-1680. [PMID: 29217191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is responsible for expressions of several clock genes and affects joint symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with diurnal fluctuation. We tried to determine the mechanism involved in over-expression of Bmal1, induced by TNF-α, in primary cultured rheumatoid synovial cells. Cells were incubated with intra-cellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM, calcineurin inhibitor FK506 and p300/CBP (CREB binding protein) inhibitor C646, respectively, or transfected with p300 and CBP small interfering RNA (siRNA) before stimulation with TNF-α. Oscillation phase and amplitude of Bmal1, transcriptional activator Rorα, transcriptional repressor Rev-erbα, and histone acetyltransferases (p300 and Cbp) were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. As results, TNF-α did not influence the oscillation phase of Rev-erbα, while enhanced those of Rorα, resulting in over-expression of Bmal1. When Ca2+ influx was inhibited by BAPTA-AM, TNF-α-mediated up-regulation of Rorα was cancelled, however, that of Bmal1 was still apparent. When we further explored another pathway between TNF-α and Bmal1, TNF-α suppressed the expression of Rev-erbα in the absence of Ca2+ influx, as well as those of p300 and Cbp genes. Finally, actions of TNF-α, in increasing Bmal1/Rorα and decreasing Rev-erbα, were cancelled by C646 treatment or silencing of both p300 and Cbp. In conclusion, we determined a novel role of TNF-α in inducing Bmal1 via dual calcium dependent pathways; Rorα was up-regulated in the presence of Ca2+ influx and Rev-erbα was down-regulated in the absence of that. Results proposed that inhibition of p300/CBP could be new therapeutic targets for RA.
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MESH Headings
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Benzoates/pharmacology
- CREB-Binding Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- CREB-Binding Protein/genetics
- Calcium Chelating Agents/pharmacology
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Circadian Clocks/genetics
- E1A-Associated p300 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- E1A-Associated p300 Protein/genetics
- Egtazic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- Egtazic Acid/pharmacology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Humans
- Nitrobenzenes
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1/genetics
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Pyrazolones
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Synovial Membrane/drug effects
- Synovial Membrane/metabolism
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Yoshida
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakai
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Kenta Kaneshiro
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Naonori Hashimoto
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Kohjin Suzuki
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Koto Uchida
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Teppei Hashimoto
- Department of Rheumatology, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe 657-0068, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Kawasaki
- Department of Rheumatology, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe 657-0068, Japan
| | - Koji Tateishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konan-Kakogawa Hospital, Kakagawa 675-0009, Japan
| | - Natsuko Nakagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konan-Kakogawa Hospital, Kakagawa 675-0009, Japan
| | - Nao Shibanuma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe 657-0068, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Sakai
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Akira Hashiramoto
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan; Department of Rheumatology, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe 657-0068, Japan.
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Arias JL, Mayordomo AC, Silva JE, Ragusa JAV, Rabinovich GA, Anzulovich AC, Di Genaro MS. Peripheral Neuroimmunoendocrine Interactions: Contribution of TNFRp55 to the Circadian Synchronization of Progesterone and Cytokine Production in Joints of Mice in Late Pregnancy. Neuroimmunomodulation 2018; 25:153-162. [PMID: 30304732 DOI: 10.1159/000493143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Circadian rhythms are generated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and involve rhythmic expression of clock genes and proteins. This rhythmicity is transferred to peripheral tissues by neural and hormonal signals. Late pregnancy is considered a state of inflammation which impacts on peripheral tissues such as joints. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mediates inflammatory and circadian responses through its p55 receptor (TNFRp55). Neuroimmunoendocrine interactions in joints have not been studied completely. The purpose of this study was to analyze these interactions, investigating the circadian rhythms of progesterone (Pg) and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the joints at the end of pregnancy (gestational day 18). Moreover, the impact of TNFRp55 deficiency on these temporal oscillations was explored. METHODS Wild-type and TNFRp55-deficient (KO) C57BL/6 mice were kept under constant darkness in order to study their endogenous circadian rhythms. The expression of the clock genes Bmal1 and Per1 at circadian time 7 was studied by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in the ankle joints of nonpregnant and pregnant (gestational day 18) mice. In late pregnancy, Pg and the cytokines interleukin 17 (IL-17), IL-6, and IL-10 were measured in the joints throughout a 24-h period by radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS A significant increase in Bmal1 and Per1 mRNA expression was detected in the joints of pregnant KO mice. Furthermore, KO mice displayed a desynchronization of articular Pg and cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that TNF, via TNFRp55 signaling, modulates articular Pg and cytokine circadian rhythms in late pregnancy. These findings suggest a temporal neuroimmunoendocrine association in peripheral tissues in late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Arias
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Andrea C Mayordomo
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Juan E Silva
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Juan A V Ragusa
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, IMIBIO-SL (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana C Anzulovich
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, IMIBIO-SL (CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| | - María S Di Genaro
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis,
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis,
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Comas M, Gordon CJ, Oliver BG, Stow NW, King G, Sharma P, Ammit AJ, Grunstein RR, Phillips CL. A circadian based inflammatory response – implications for respiratory disease and treatment. SLEEP SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41606-017-0019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Fletcher EK, Morgan J, Kennaway DR, Bienvenu LA, Rickard AJ, Delbridge LMD, Fuller PJ, Clyne CD, Young MJ. Deoxycorticosterone/Salt-Mediated Cardiac Inflammation and Fibrosis Are Dependent on Functional CLOCK Signaling in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2906-2917. [PMID: 28911177 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) promotes inflammation, fibrosis, and hypertension. Clinical and experimental studies show that MR antagonists have significant therapeutic benefit for all-cause heart failure; however, blockade of renal MRs limits their widespread use. Identification of key downstream signaling mechanisms for the MR in the cardiovascular system may enable development of targeted MR antagonists with selectivity for pathological MR signaling and lower impact on physiological renal electrolyte handling. One candidate pathway is the circadian clock, the dysregulation of which is associated with cardiovascular diseases. We have previously shown that the circadian gene Per2 is dysregulated in hearts with selective deletion of cardiomyocyte MR. We therefore investigated MR-mediated cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in mice that lack normal regulation and oscillation of the circadian clock in peripheral tissues, that is, CLOCKΔ19 mutant mice. The characteristic cardiac inflammatory/fibrotic response to a deoxycorticosterone (DOC)/salt for 8 weeks was significantly blunted in CLOCKΔ19 mice when compared with wild-type mice, despite a modest increase at "baseline" for fibrosis and macrophage number in CLOCKΔ19 mice. In contrast, cardiac hypertrophy in response to DOC/salt was significantly greater in CLOCKΔ19 vs wild-type mice. Markers for renal inflammation and fibrosis were similarly attenuated in the CLOCKΔ19 mice given DOC/salt. Moreover, increased CLOCK expression in H9c2 cardiac cells enhanced MR-mediated transactivation of Per1, suggesting cooperative signaling between these transcription factors. This study demonstrates that the full development of MR-mediated cardiac inflammation and fibrosis is dependent on intact signaling by the circadian protein CLOCK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Fletcher
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - James Morgan
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - David R Kennaway
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Laura A Bienvenu
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda J Rickard
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Peter J Fuller
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Colin D Clyne
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Morag J Young
- Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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Qian J, Thomas AP, Schroeder AM, Rakshit K, Colwell CS, Matveyenko AV. Development of diabetes does not alter behavioral and molecular circadian rhythms in a transgenic rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313:E213-E221. [PMID: 28465284 PMCID: PMC5582890 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00406.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic state and circadian clock function exhibit a complex bidirectional relationship. Circadian disruption increases propensity for metabolic dysfunction, whereas common metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are associated with impaired circadian rhythms. Specifically, alterations in glucose availability and glucose metabolism have been shown to modulate clock gene expression and function in vitro; however, to date, it is unknown whether development of diabetes imparts deleterious effects on the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) circadian clock and SCN-driven outputs in vivo. To address this question, we undertook studies in aged diabetic rats transgenic for human islet amyloid polypeptide, an established nonobese model of T2DM (HIP rat), which develops metabolic defects closely recapitulating those present in patients with T2DM. HIP rats were also cross-bred with a clock gene reporter rat model (Per1:luciferase transgenic rat) to permit assessment of the SCN and the peripheral molecular clock function ex vivo. Utilizing these animal models, we examined effects of diabetes on 1) behavioral circadian rhythms, 2) photic entrainment of circadian activity, 3) SCN and peripheral tissue molecular clock function, and 4) melatonin secretion. We report that circadian activity, light-induced entrainment, molecular clockwork, as well as melatonin secretion are preserved in the HIP rat model of T2DM. These results suggest that despite the well-characterized ability of glucose to modulate circadian clock gene expression acutely in vitro, SCN clock function and key behavioral and physiological outputs appear to be preserved under chronic diabetic conditions characteristic of nonobese T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Circadian Rhythm/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Islet Amyloid Polypeptide/genetics
- Islet Amyloid Polypeptide/metabolism
- Light
- Male
- Period Circadian Proteins/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Rats, Transgenic
- Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/metabolism
- Suprachiasmatic Nucleus/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Qian
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anthony P Thomas
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Analyne M Schroeder
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kuntol Rakshit
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aleksey V Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;
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Palmieri O, Mazzoccoli G, Bossa F, Maglietta R, Palumbo O, Ancona N, Corritore G, Latiano T, Martino G, Rubino R, Biscaglia G, Scimeca D, Carella M, Annese V, Andriulli A, Latiano A. Systematic analysis of circadian genes using genome-wide cDNA microarrays in the inflammatory bowel disease transcriptome. Chronobiol Int 2016; 32:903-16. [PMID: 26172092 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous analysis of the transcripts of thousands of genes by cDNA microarrays allows the identification of genetic regulatory mechanisms involved in disease pathophysiology. The circadian clock circuitry controls essential cell processes and the functioning of organ systems, which are characterized by rhythmic variations with 24-hour periodicity. The derangement of these processes is involved in the basic mechanisms of inflammatory, metabolic, degenerative and neoplastic diseases. We evaluated by genome-wide cDNA microarray analysis the transcriptome of endoscopic mucosal biopsies of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) focusing on the expression of circadian genes in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Twenty-nine IBD patients (15 with CD and 14 with UC) were enrolled and mucosal biopsies were sampled at either inflamed or adjacent non-inflamed areas of the colon. A total of 150 circadian genes involved in pathways controlling crucial cell processes and tissue functions were investigated. In CD specimens 50 genes were differentially expressed, and 21 genes resulted up-regulated when compared to healthy colonic mucosa. In UC specimens 50 genes were differentially expressed, and 27 genes resulted up-regulated when compared to healthy colonic mucosa. Among the core clock genes ARNTL2 and RORA were up-regulated, while CSNK2B, NPAS2, PER1 and PER3 were down-regulated in CD specimens. Conversely, ARNTL2, CRY1, CSNK1E, RORA and TIPIN were up-regulated, while NR1D2 and PER3 were down-regulated in UC. In conclusion, in CD and UC patients there are differences in the expression of circadian genes between normal and diseased intestinal mucosa. The deregulated genes evidenced by transcriptome analysis in the major IBDs may play a crucial role in the pathophysiological mechanisms and may suggest novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orazio Palmieri
- a Department of Medical Sciences , Division of Gastroenterology and
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29
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Hougaard Pedersen S, Maretty L, Ramachandran R, Sibbesen JA, Yakimov V, Elgaard-Christensen R, Hansen TF, Krogh A, Olesen J, Jansen-Olesen I. RNA Sequencing of Trigeminal Ganglia in Rattus Norvegicus after Glyceryl Trinitrate Infusion with Relevance to Migraine. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155039. [PMID: 27213950 PMCID: PMC4877077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infusion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), a donor of nitric oxide, induces immediate headache in humans that in migraineurs is followed by a delayed migraine attack. In order to achieve increased knowledge of mechanisms activated during GTN-infusion this present study aims to investigate transcriptional responses to GTN-infusion in the rat trigeminal ganglia. METHODS Rats were infused with GTN or vehicle and trigeminal ganglia were isolated either 30 or 90 minutes post infusion. RNA sequencing was used to investigate transcriptomic changes in response to the treatment. Furthermore, we developed a novel method for Gene Set Analysis Of Variance (GSANOVA) to identify gene sets associated with transcriptional changes across time. RESULTS 15 genes displayed significant changes in transcription levels in response to GTN-infusion. Ten of these genes showed either sustained up- or down-regulation in the 90-minute period after infusion. The GSANOVA analysis demonstrate enrichment of pathways pointing towards an increase in immune response, signal transduction, and neuroplasticity in response to GTN-infusion. Future functional in-depth studies of these mechanisms are expected to increase our understanding of migraine pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hougaard Pedersen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Maretty
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roshni Ramachandran
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Andreas Sibbesen
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Victor Yakimov
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Elgaard-Christensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Folkmann Hansen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Krogh
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jes Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inger Jansen-Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Research Institute, Rigshospitalet, and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Abstract
Sleep is a complex physiological process that is regulated globally, regionally, and locally by both cellular and molecular mechanisms. It occurs to some extent in all animals, although sleep expression in lower animals may be co-extensive with rest. Sleep regulation plays an intrinsic part in many behavioral and physiological functions. Currently, all researchers agree there is no single physiological role sleep serves. Nevertheless, it is quite evident that sleep is essential for many vital functions including development, energy conservation, brain waste clearance, modulation of immune responses, cognition, performance, vigilance, disease, and psychological state. This review details the physiological processes involved in sleep regulation and the possible functions that sleep may serve. This description of the brain circuitry, cell types, and molecules involved in sleep regulation is intended to further the reader's understanding of the functions of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Zielinski
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA and Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry
| | - James T. McKenna
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA and Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Robert W. McCarley
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA 02301, USA and Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry
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31
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Derous D, Mitchell SE, Green CL, Chen L, Han JJ, Wang Y, Promislow DE, Lusseau D, Speakman JR, Douglas A. The effects of graded levels of calorie restriction: VI. Impact of short-term graded calorie restriction on transcriptomic responses of the hypothalamic hunger and circadian signaling pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:642-63. [PMID: 26945906 PMCID: PMC4925820 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Food intake and circadian rhythms are regulated by hypothalamic neuropeptides and circulating hormones, which could mediate the anti-ageing effect of calorie restriction (CR). We tested whether these two signaling pathways mediate CR by quantifying hypothalamic transcripts of male C57BL/6 mice exposed to graded levels of CR (10 % to 40 %) for 3 months. We found that the graded CR manipulation resulted in upregulation of core circadian rhythm genes, which correlated negatively with circulating levels of leptin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In addition, key components in the hunger signaling pathway were expressed in a manner reflecting elevated hunger at greater levels of restriction, and which also correlated negatively with circulating levels of insulin, TNF-α, leptin and IGF-1. Lastly, phenotypes, such as food anticipatory activity and body temperature, were associated with expression levels of both hunger genes and core clock genes. Our results suggest modulation of the hunger and circadian signaling pathways in response to altered levels of circulating hormones, that are themselves downstream of morphological changes resulting from CR treatment, may be important elements in the response to CR, driving some of the key phenotypic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davina Derous
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 2TZ, UK
- Centre for Genome Enabled Biology and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 3RL, UK
| | - Sharon E. Mitchell
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Cara L. Green
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key laboratory of Systems Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jing‐Dong J. Han
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences‐Max Planck Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Daniel E.L. Promislow
- Department of Pathology and Department of Biology, University of Washington at Seattle, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David Lusseau
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - John R. Speakman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 2TZ, UK
- State Key laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Alex Douglas
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 2TZ, UK
- Centre for Genome Enabled Biology and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB24 3RL, UK
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32
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Abstract
Up to 50% of patients with autoimmune diseases show an impairment of health-related quality of life and exhibit depression-like symptoms. The immune system not only leads to inflammation in affected organs, but also mediates behavior abnormalities including fatigue and depression-like symptoms. This review focuses on the different pathways involved in the communication of the immune system with the neuronal network and the body's timing system. The latter is built up by a hierarchically organized expression of clock genes. As discussed here, the activation of the immune system interferes with high amplitude expression of clock genes, an effect which may play a pivotal role in depression-like behavior in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Pryce
- Preclinical Laboratory for Translational Research into Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Fontana
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Udoh US, Valcin JA, Gamble KL, Bailey SM. The Molecular Circadian Clock and Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury. Biomolecules 2015; 5:2504-37. [PMID: 26473939 PMCID: PMC4693245 DOI: 10.3390/biom5042504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence from both experimental animal studies and clinical human investigations demonstrates strong connections among circadian processes, alcohol use, and alcohol-induced tissue injury. Components of the circadian clock have been shown to influence the pathophysiological effects of alcohol. Conversely, alcohol may alter the expression of circadian clock genes and the rhythmic behavioral and metabolic processes they regulate. Therefore, we propose that alcohol-mediated disruption in circadian rhythms likely underpins many adverse health effects of alcohol that cut across multiple organ systems. In this review, we provide an overview of the circadian clock mechanism and showcase results from new studies in the alcohol field implicating the circadian clock as a key target of alcohol action and toxicity in the liver. We discuss various molecular events through which alcohol may work to negatively impact circadian clock-mediated processes in the liver, and contribute to tissue pathology. Illuminating the mechanistic connections between the circadian clock and alcohol will be critical to the development of new preventative and pharmacological treatments for alcohol use disorders and alcohol-mediated organ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uduak S Udoh
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Jennifer A Valcin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Karen L Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Shannon M Bailey
- Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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34
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Geiger SS, Fagundes CT, Siegel RM. Chrono-immunology: progress and challenges in understanding links between the circadian and immune systems. Immunology 2015; 146:349-58. [PMID: 26301993 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of inflammatory diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and cancer, is prevalent in individuals that encounter continuous disruption of their internal clock. Further, daily oscillations in susceptibility to infection as well as a multitude of other immunological processes have been described. Much progress has been made and various mechanisms have been proposed to explain circadian variations in immunity; yet much is still unknown. Understanding the crosstalk between the circadian and the immune systems will allow us to manipulate clock outputs to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases in individuals at risk. This review briefly summarizes current knowledge about circadian rhythms and their role in the immune system and highlights progress and challenges in chrono-immunological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Geiger
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caio T Fagundes
- Microorganism/Host Interaction, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Richard M Siegel
- Immunoregulation Section, Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Twist1 Is a TNF-Inducible Inhibitor of Clock Mediated Activation of Period Genes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137229. [PMID: 26361389 PMCID: PMC4567340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Activation of the immune system affects the circadian clock. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Interleukin (IL)-1β inhibit the expression of clock genes including Period (Per) genes and the PAR-bZip clock-controlled gene D-site albumin promoter-binding protein (Dbp). These effects are due to cytokine-induced interference of E-box mediated transcription of clock genes. In the present study we have assessed the two E-box binding transcriptional regulators Twist1 and Twist2 for their role in cytokine induced inhibition of clock genes. Methods The expression of the clock genes Per1, Per2, Per3 and of Dbp was assessed in NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblasts and the mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22. Cells were treated for 4h with TNF and IL-1β. The functional role of Twist1 and Twist2 was assessed by siRNAs against the Twist genes and by overexpression of TWIST proteins. In luciferase (luc) assays NIH-3T3 cells were transfected with reporter gene constructs, which contain a 3xPer1 E-box or a Dbp E-box. Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was performed using antibodies to TWIST1 and CLOCK, and the E-box consensus sequences of Dbp (CATGTG) and Per1 E-box (CACGTG). Results We report here that siRNA against Twist1 protects NIH-3T3 cells and HT22 cells from down-regulation of Period and Dbp by TNF and IL-1β. Overexpression of Twist1, but not of Twist2, mimics the effect of the cytokines. TNF down-regulates the activation of Per1-3xE-box-luc, the effect being prevented by siRNA against Twist1. Overexpression of Twist1, but not of Twist2, inhibits Per1-3xE-box-luc or Dbp-E-Box-luc activity. ChIP experiments show TWIST1 induction by TNF to compete with CLOCK binding to the E-box of Period genes and Dbp. Conclusion Twist1 plays a pivotal role in the TNF mediated suppression of E-box dependent transactivation of Period genes and Dbp. Thereby Twist1 may provide a link between the immune system and the circadian timing system.
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Abstract
Brain glial cells, in particular astrocytes and microglia, secrete signaling molecules that regulate glia-glia or glia-neuron communication and synaptic activity. While much is known about roles of glial cells in nervous system development, we are only beginning to understand the physiological functions of such cells in the adult brain. Studies in vertebrate and invertebrate models, in particular mice and Drosophila, have revealed roles of glia-neuron communication in the modulation of complex behavior. This chapter emphasizes recent evidence from studies of rodents and Drosophila that highlight the importance of glial cells and similarities or differences in the neural circuits regulating circadian rhythms and sleep in the two models. The chapter discusses cellular, molecular, and genetic approaches that have been useful in these models for understanding how glia-neuron communication contributes to the regulation of rhythmic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rob Jackson
- Department of Neuroscience, Sackler Program in Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Fanny S Ng
- Department of Neuroscience, Sackler Program in Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sukanya Sengupta
- Department of Neuroscience, Sackler Program in Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samantha You
- Department of Neuroscience, Sackler Program in Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanmei Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, Sackler Program in Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Clock gene expression in different synovial cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1199-207. [PMID: 25109449 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) show modulated circadian rhythms of inflammatory cytokines and cortisol, which may be associated with a modified expression of clock genes. The expression of major clock genes was previously studied in synovial tissues and fibroblasts of patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA). We therefore especially aimed to examine the localization of clock genes at the cellular level in synovial tissue. Furthermore we were interested in studying the expression of the D site of albumin promoter (albumin D-box) binding protein (DBP) at the immunohistochemical level in human samples. Methods used include the in situ expression of the clock genes Brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like 1 (Bmal 1), Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (Clock), Period 1 and 2 (Per 1 and Per 2), and DBP was examined by immunohistochemistry in synovial tissues of patients with RA or OA. Additionally, expression profiles of different clock genes were determined over 24h by real time PCR in synovial fibroblasts (SFs) after a 2h serum shock or TNF-α. Results show that all clock genes investigated were found to be expressed both in RA and OA synovial tissues. Double staining against cell specific markers revealed that clock proteins were especially seen in macrophages, SFs and B-lymphocytes. Cell counting showed that clock proteins were found in approximately 5-20% of cells. Additionally, preliminary cell culture experiments showed that TNF-α treatment resulted in differential 24h expression profiles between RA and OA samples and also compared to the results obtained from the serum shock experiments. From our study we conclude that the major clock genes, including DBP, are expressed in samples from RA and OA patients, especially in macrophages and synovial fibroblasts, but also in B-lymphocytes. Preliminary experiments suggest that TNF-α seems to be able to modify clock gene expression in synovial fibroblasts.
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Mazzoccoli G, Vinciguerra M, Oben J, Tarquini R, De Cosmo S. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the role of nuclear receptors and circadian rhythmicity. Liver Int 2014; 34:1133-52. [PMID: 24649929 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the accumulation of triglycerides in the hepatocytes in the absence of excess alcohol intake, and is caused by an imbalance between hepatic synthesis and breakdown of fats, as well as fatty acid storage and disposal. Liver metabolic pathways are driven by circadian biological clocks, and hepatic health is maintained by proper timing of circadian patterns of metabolic gene expression with the alternation of anabolic processes corresponding to feeding/activity during wake times, and catabolic processes characterizing fasting/resting during sleep. A number of nuclear receptors in the liver are expressed rhythmically, bind hormones and metabolites, sense energy flux and expenditure, and connect the metabolic pathways to the molecular clockwork throughout the 24-h day. In this review, we describe the role played by the nuclear receptors in the genesis of NAFLD in relationship with the circadian clock circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
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Abstract
The reduction or cessation of the blood supply to an organ results in tissue ischemia. Ischemia can cause significant tissue damage, and is observed as a result of a thrombosis, as part of a disease process, and during surgery. However, the restoration of the blood supply often causes more damage to the tissue than the ischemic episode itself. Research is therefore focused on identifying the cellular pathways involved in the protection of organs from the damage incurred by this process of ischemia reperfusion (I/R). The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are a family of heterodimeric transcription factors that are stabilized during ischemia. The genes that are expressed downstream of HIF activity enhance oxygen-independent ATP generation, cell survival, and angiogenesis, amongst other phenotypes. They are, therefore, important factors in the protection of tissues from I/R injury. Interestingly, a number of the mechanisms already known to induce organ protection against I/R injury, including preconditioning, postconditioning, and activation of signaling pathways such as adenosine receptor signaling, converge on the HIF system. This review describes the evidence for HIFs playing a role in I/R protection mediated by these factors, highlights areas that require further study, and discuss whether HIFs themselves are good therapeutic targets for protecting tissues from I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Howell
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel A Tennant
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Abstract
The circadian clock is an endogenous timekeeper system that controls the daily rhythms of a variety of physiological processes. Accumulating evidence indicates that genetic changes or unhealthy lifestyle can lead to a disruption of circadian homeostasis, which is a risk factor for severe dysfunctions and pathologies including cancer. Cell cycle, proliferation, and cell death are closely intertwined with the circadian clock, and thus disruption of circadian rhythms appears to be linked to cancer development and progression. At the molecular level, the cell cycle machinery and the circadian clocks are controlled by similar mechanisms, including feedback loops of genes and protein products that display periodic activation and repression. Here, we review the circadian rhythmicity of genes associated with the cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis, and we highlight the potential connection between these processes, the circadian clock, and neoplastic transformations. Understanding these interconnections might have potential implications for the prevention and therapy of malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matúš Soták
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Prague , Czech Republic
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41
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Involvement of the circadian rhythm and inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:282495. [PMID: 24901009 PMCID: PMC4034483 DOI: 10.1155/2014/282495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the symptoms of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), joint stiffness is influenced by diurnal rhythm and reaches peak in the morning, which is a common complaint and reflects the circadian nature of disease manifestation. In addition, inflammatory cytokines, which reach peak secretion early in the morning are major players causing the morning stiffness. In this review, we explore the link between the circadian clock and inflammation, focusing on the interactions of various clock genes with the immune-pathways underlying the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis.
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You J, Lin L, Liu Q, Zhu T, Xia K, Su T. The correlation between the expression of differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene l and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2014; 19:21. [PMID: 24758579 PMCID: PMC4011512 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-19-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to explore the correlation between expression of differentiated embryo-chondrocyte expressed gene l (DEC1) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which could provide the reference for treatment and prognosis assessment of OSCC. Methods The expression of DEC1 in tissues from 56 primary OSCC patients and 20 normal oral mucosa samples were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical methods, respectively. Results The results showed that the positive expression rate of DEC1 in the OSCC group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (P <0.05); further, the expression of DEC1 in different OSCC groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). The expression of DEC1 in the 1-year recurrence OSCC group was significantly higher than other groups. The expression of DEC1 in the 3-years no recurrence OSCC group was the lowest. Conclusions The expression of DEC1 was associated with the incidence of OSCC and there was a negative correlation between the expression of DEC1 and the prognosis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tong Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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43
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Circadian Clocks and Inflammation: Reciprocal Regulation and Shared Mediators. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2014; 62:303-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-014-0286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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De Cata A, D'Agruma L, Tarquini R, Mazzoccoli G. Rheumatoid arthritis and the biological clock. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 10:687-95. [PMID: 24684672 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2014.899904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause and a chronic and progressive inflammatory disorder ensuing in genetically predisposed subjects, characterized by synovitis causing joint destruction, as well as inflammation in body organ systems, leading to anatomical alteration and functional disability. Immune competent cells, deregulated synoviocytes and cytokines play a key role in the pathophysiological mechanisms. The immune system function shows time-related variations related to the influence of the neuroendocrine system and driven by the circadian clock circuitry. Immune processes and symptom intensity in RA are characterized by oscillations during the day following a pattern of circadian rhythmicity. A cross-talk between inflammatory and circadian pathways is involved in RA pathogenesis and underlies the mutual actions of disruption of the circadian clock circuitry on immune system function as well as of inflammation on the function of the biological clock. Modulation of molecular processes and humoral factors mediating in RA the interplay between the biological clock and the immune response and underlying the rhythmic fluctuations of pathogenic processes and symptomatology could represent a promising therapeutic strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo De Cata
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
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Rachalski A, Freyburger M, Mongrain V. Contribution of transcriptional and translational mechanisms to the recovery aspect of sleep regulation. Ann Med 2014; 46:62-72. [PMID: 24428734 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2013.866439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep parallels brain functioning and mental health. Neuronal activity during wakefulness leads to a subsequent increase in sleep intensity as measured using electroencephalographic slow-wave activity (SWA; index of neuronal synchrony in the low-frequency range). Wakefulness, and particularly prolonged wakefulness, also drives important changes in brain gene expression and changes in protein regulation. The role of these two cellular mechanisms in sleep-wake regulation has typically been studied independently, and their exact contribution to SWA remains poorly defined. In this review, we highlight that many transcriptional pathways driven by sleep deprivation are associated to protein regulation. We first describe the relationship between cytokines, clock genes, and markers of sleep need with an emphasis on transcriptional processes. Observations regarding the role of protein metabolism in sleep-wake regulation are then depicted while presenting interconnections between transcriptional and translational responses driven by sleep loss. Lastly, a manner by which this integrated response can feed back on neuronal network activity to determine sleep intensity is proposed. Overall, the literature supports that a complex cross-talk between transcriptional and translational regulation during prolonged wakefulness drives the changes in sleep intensity as a function of the sleep/wake history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Rachalski
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine and Research Center, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal , Montréal, QC , Canada
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46
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Paladino N, Mul Fedele ML, Duhart JM, Marpegan L, Golombek DA. Modulation of mammalian circadian rhythms by tumor necrosis factor-α. Chronobiol Int 2014; 31:668-79. [PMID: 24527954 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.886588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Systemic low doses of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 µg/kg) administered during the early night induce phase-delays of locomotor activity rhythms in mice. Our aim was to evaluate the role of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf)-alpha and its receptor 1/p55 (Tnfr1) in the modulation of LPS-induced circadian effects on the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). We observed that Tnfr1-defective mice (Tnfr1 KO), although exhibiting similar circadian behavior and light response to that of control mice, did not show LPS-induced phase-delays of locomotor activity rhythms, nor LPS-induced cFos and Per2 expression in the SCN and Per1 expression in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) as compared to wild-type (WT) mice. We also analyzed Tnfr1 expression in the SCN of WT mice, peaking during the early night, when LPS has a circadian effect. Peripheral inoculation of LPS induced an increase in cytokine/chemokine levels (Tnf, Il-6 and Ccl2) in the SCN and in the PVN. In conclusion, in this study, we show that LPS-induced circadian responses are mediated by Tnf. Our results also suggest that this cytokine stimulates the SCN after LPS peripheral inoculation; and the time-related effect of LPS (i.e. phase shifts elicited only at early night) might depend on the increased levels of Tnfr1 expression. We also confirmed that LPS modulates clock gene expression in the SCN and PVN in WT but not in Tnfr1 KO mice. HIGHLIGHTS We demonstrate a fundamental role for Tnf and its receptor in circadian modulation by immune stimuli at the level of the SCN biological clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Paladino
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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47
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Kato Y, Kawamoto T, Fujimoto K, Noshiro M. DEC1/STRA13/SHARP2 and DEC2/SHARP1 coordinate physiological processes, including circadian rhythms in response to environmental stimuli. Curr Top Dev Biol 2014; 110:339-72. [PMID: 25248482 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405943-6.00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Daily physiological and behavioral rhythms are regulated by endogenous circadian molecular clocks. Clock proteins DEC1 (BHLHe40) and DEC2 (BHLHe41) belong to the basic helix-loop-helix protein superfamily, which contains other clock proteins CLOCK and BMAL1. DEC1 and DEC2 are induced by CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer via the CACGTG E-box in the promoter and, thereafter, suppress their own expression by competing with CLOCK:BMAL1 for the DNA binding. This negative feedback DEC loop together with the PER loop involving PER and CRY, the other negative clock regulators, maintains the circadian rhythm of Dec1 and Dec2 expression. DEC1 is induced by light pulse and adjusts the circadian phase of the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, whereas DEC1 upregulation by TGF-β resets the circadian phase of the peripheral clocks in tissues. Furthermore, DEC1 and DEC2 modulate the clock output signals to control circadian rhythms in behavior and metabolism. In addition to the functions in the clocks, DEC1 and DEC2 are involved in hypoxia responses, immunological reactions, and carcinogenesis. These DEC actions are mediated by the direct binding to the E-box elements in target genes or by protein-protein interactions with transcription factors such as HIF-1α, RXRα, MyoD, and STAT. Notably, numerous growth factors, hormones, and cytokines, along with ionizing radiation and DNA-damaging agents, induce Dec1 and/or Dec2 in a tissue-specific manner. These findings suggest that DEC1 and DEC2 play a critical role in animal adaptation to various environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Kato
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kawamoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsumi Fujimoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuhide Noshiro
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Lopez M, Meier D, Müller A, Franken P, Fujita J, Fontana A. Tumor necrosis factor and transforming growth factor β regulate clock genes by controlling the expression of the cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP). J Biol Chem 2013; 289:2736-44. [PMID: 24337574 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.508200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock drives the rhythmic expression of a broad array of genes that orchestrate metabolism, sleep wake behavior, and the immune response. Clock genes are transcriptional regulators engaged in the generation of circadian rhythms. The cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) guarantees high amplitude expression of clock. The cytokines TNF and TGFβ impair the expression of clock genes, namely the period genes and the proline- and acidic amino acid-rich basic leucine zipper (PAR-bZip) clock-controlled genes. Here, we show that TNF and TGFβ impair the expression of Cirbp in fibroblasts and neuronal cells. IL-1β, IL-6, IFNα, and IFNγ do not exert such effects. Depletion of Cirbp is found to increase the susceptibility of cells to the TNF-mediated inhibition of high amplitude expression of clock genes and modulates the TNF-induced cytokine response. Our findings reveal a new mechanism of cytokine-regulated expression of clock genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lopez
- From the Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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49
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Bethunaickan R, Berthier CC, Zhang W, Kretzler M, Davidson A. Comparative transcriptional profiling of 3 murine models of SLE nephritis reveals both unique and shared regulatory networks. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77489. [PMID: 24167575 PMCID: PMC3805607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To define shared and unique features of SLE nephritis in mouse models of proliferative and glomerulosclerotic renal disease. Methods Perfused kidneys from NZB/W F1, NZW/BXSB and NZM2410 mice were harvested before and after nephritis onset. Affymetrix based gene expression profiles of kidney RNA were analyzed using Genomatix Pathway Systems and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Gene expression patterns were confirmed using real-time PCR. Results 955, 1168 and 755 genes were regulated in the kidneys of nephritic NZB/W F1, NZM2410 and NZW/BXSB mice respectively. 263 genes were regulated concordantly in all three strains reflecting immune cell infiltration, endothelial cell activation, complement activation, cytokine signaling, tissue remodeling and hypoxia. STAT3 was the top associated transcription factor, having a binding site in the gene promoter of 60/263 regulated genes. The two strains with proliferative nephritis shared a macrophage/DC infiltration and activation signature. NZB/W and NZM2410 mice shared a mitochondrial dysfunction signature. Dominant T cell and plasma cell signatures in NZB/W mice reflected lymphoid aggregates; this was the only strain with regulatory T cell infiltrates. NZW/BXSB mice manifested tubular regeneration and NZM2410 mice had the most metabolic stress and manifested loss of nephrin, indicating podocyte loss. Conclusions These findings identify shared inflammatory mechanisms of SLE nephritis that can be therapeutically targeted. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of effector mechanisms suggests that individualized therapy might need to be based on biopsy findings. Some common mechanisms are shared with non-immune–mediated renal diseases, suggesting that strategies to prevent tissue hypoxia and remodeling may be useful in SLE nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Bethunaickan
- Center for Autoimmunity and Musculoskeletal Diseases, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Celine C. Berthier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Anne Davidson
- Center for Autoimmunity and Musculoskeletal Diseases, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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50
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Duhart JM, Leone MJ, Paladino N, Evans JA, Castanon-Cervantes O, Davidson AJ, Golombek DA. Suprachiasmatic astrocytes modulate the circadian clock in response to TNF-α. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:4656-64. [PMID: 24062487 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The immune and the circadian systems interact in a bidirectional fashion. The master circadian oscillator, located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus, responds to peripheral and local immune stimuli, such as proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial endotoxin. Astrocytes exert several immune functions in the CNS, and there is growing evidence that points toward a role of these cells in the regulation of circadian rhythms. The aim of this work was to assess the response of SCN astrocytes to immune stimuli, particularly to the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. TNF-α applied to cultures of SCN astrocytes from Per2(luc) knockin mice altered both the phase and amplitude of PER2 expression rhythms, in a phase-dependent manner. Furthermore, conditioned media from SCN astrocyte cultures transiently challenged with TNF-α induced an increase in Per1 expression in NIH 3T3 cells, which was blocked by TNF-α antagonism. In addition, these conditioned media could induce phase shifts in SCN PER2 rhythms and, when administered intracerebroventricularly, induced phase delays in behavioral circadian rhythms and SCN activation in control mice, but not in TNFR-1 mutants. In summary, our results show that TNF-α modulates the molecular clock of SCN astrocytes in vitro, and also that, in response to this molecule, SCN astrocytes can modulate clock gene expression in other cells and tissues, and induce phase shifts in a circadian behavioral output in vivo. These findings suggest a role for astroglial cells in the alteration of circadian timing by immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Duhart
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, 1876 Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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